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"content": "\u003cp>A Lincoln Heights man notched a major victory in his fight to stay in the U.S., when the country's top immigration appeals panel on Thursday vacated the deportation order against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Board of Immigration Appeals sent Romulo Avelica-Gonzalez's case back to a lower immigration court in Los Angeles for reconsideration, which could take years to be resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez has been held at the Adelanto Detention Facility in San Bernardino County since he was arrested in February while dropping off his daughters at school. His legal team is pressing Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officials to release him as his case proceeds. Barring that, his attorney, Alan Diamante, is hopeful they can win his release during an Aug. 30 bond hearing before an immigration judge in Adelanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm very delighted that everything worked out,\" Diamante said. \"I just wish I could get him released sooner.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez's case has drawn national attention, thanks in large part to the video one of his four daughters made of his arrest that went viral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=98&v=MDHM7Ef59FQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His story has resonated with critics of President Trump's hardline approach to illegal immigration, who view his forced separation from his wife and children as a cruel outcome of the administration's crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His backers also say he is not the serious criminal that law enforcement should be targeting. Avelica-Gonzalez's record has two misdemeanor convictions for receiving stolen car tags and driving under the influence. That led immigration officials to begin deportation proceedings against him, but in June his attorney successfully won a bid to set aside both convictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then on Monday, the Board of Immigration Appeals threw Avelica-Gonzalez another lifeline when it \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/immigrant-dad-gets-an-emergency-stay-from-deportation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">granted his request for an emergency stay of deportation\u003c/a> while it reviewed his case. Avelica-Gonzalez had been in imminent danger of removal to Mexico; an earlier stay of deportation granted by the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals had expired that same day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"nqZzajdoWrweld1uUhbDMbue5xa6EcOK\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diamante said that his client -- a cook -- has been heartened by recent developments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's very pleased,\" Diamante said. \"He's promised to prepare a typical Mexican dish for me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from fighting for legal status in the courts, Avelica-Gonzalez is also pursuing another strategy. His wife is applying for what's known as a U-Visa, which is reserved for victims of crimes and their immediate family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for ICE said she was precluded from commenting on Avelica-Gonzalez's case at this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials have maintained that despite Avelica-Gonzalez's years in the U.S., he is living in the country illegally and is subject to deportation.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>An emergency stay was issued Monday to keep Romulo Avelica-Gonzalez, 48, from being deported, according to a statement from the National Day Laborer Organizing Network (NDLON).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez was arrested Feb. 28 by immigration officials while dropping his daughters off at school, according to NDLON. He had previously received a stay from the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that was due to expire Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is my country. I have roots and family here,\" Avelica-Gonzalez said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez was targeted by ICE \"because relevant databases indicate he has multiple prior criminal convictions, including a DUI in 2009, as well an outstanding order of removal dating back to 2014,\" according to a statement issued after his release. He'd also received a misdemeanor conviction 18 years ago for possessing a car with an illegally obtained vehicle registration sticker, according to his attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"mjwxIbRH7vqGZFs2pfly5kkCkWBOvVWy\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The convictions for the DUI and registration sticker \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/06/21/73130/highland-park-father-fighting-deportation-has-old/\">have been set aside by judges\u003c/a>, but he is still in the country illegally, which means his potential deportation remains at the discretion of the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez of Lincoln Heights has lived in Los Angeles for 25 years and has four children who are U.S. citizens, according to NDLON. He was working as a cook at the time of his arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He should not be imprisoned just for trying to live a better life and stay with his family,\" Avelica-Gonzalez's 13-year-old daughter, Fatima, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She took video of her father's arrest, which went viral online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=98&v=MDHM7Ef59FQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez and his wife \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2017/07/31/74259/highland-park-father-fighting-deportation-is-one-s/\">have applied for legal status\u003c/a>, with his wife applying for what's known as a U-Visa, which is reserved for victims of crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our district is dealing with the aftermath of having ICE raids in our community,\" City Councilman Gil Cedillo said in a statement. \"His deportation would be detrimental to his family and unnerving to the entire community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kenneth Gardner, a spokesman for the Department of Justice, said officials had no comment about the decision by the Board of Immigration Appeals. \"The decision speaks for itself,\" Gardner wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>An emergency stay was issued Monday to keep Romulo Avelica-Gonzalez, 48, from being deported, according to a statement from the National Day Laborer Organizing Network (NDLON).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez was arrested Feb. 28 by immigration officials while dropping his daughters off at school, according to NDLON. He had previously received a stay from the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals that was due to expire Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is my country. I have roots and family here,\" Avelica-Gonzalez said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez was targeted by ICE \"because relevant databases indicate he has multiple prior criminal convictions, including a DUI in 2009, as well an outstanding order of removal dating back to 2014,\" according to a statement issued after his release. He'd also received a misdemeanor conviction 18 years ago for possessing a car with an illegally obtained vehicle registration sticker, according to his attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The convictions for the DUI and registration sticker \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/06/21/73130/highland-park-father-fighting-deportation-has-old/\">have been set aside by judges\u003c/a>, but he is still in the country illegally, which means his potential deportation remains at the discretion of the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez of Lincoln Heights has lived in Los Angeles for 25 years and has four children who are U.S. citizens, according to NDLON. He was working as a cook at the time of his arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He should not be imprisoned just for trying to live a better life and stay with his family,\" Avelica-Gonzalez's 13-year-old daughter, Fatima, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She took video of her father's arrest, which went viral online.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MDHM7Ef59FQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MDHM7Ef59FQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Avelica-Gonzalez and his wife \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2017/07/31/74259/highland-park-father-fighting-deportation-is-one-s/\">have applied for legal status\u003c/a>, with his wife applying for what's known as a U-Visa, which is reserved for victims of crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our district is dealing with the aftermath of having ICE raids in our community,\" City Councilman Gil Cedillo said in a statement. \"His deportation would be detrimental to his family and unnerving to the entire community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kenneth Gardner, a spokesman for the Department of Justice, said officials had no comment about the decision by the Board of Immigration Appeals. \"The decision speaks for itself,\" Gardner wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The family of an artist killed with a federal agent's stolen gun is suing the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A gunman fatally shot 27-year-old Antonio Ramos in September 2015 while the artist was paining a mural in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators say a handgun stolen from an ICE agent's car parked in San Francisco was the murder weapon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco was experiencing an epidemic of car burglaries and 57 firearms were reported stolen that year, including a number from law enforcement officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gun used to kill Kate Steinle on the San Francisco waterfront in July 2015 was stolen from a Bureau of Land Management agent's vehicle. Steinle's family is suing BLM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE declined comment Thursday, a day after the wrongful death lawsuit was filed in San Francisco federal court.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"disqusTitle": "Jailing Immigrants Means Money and Jobs for Poor Areas. Is This Deal Humane?",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]nside his cell in the Yuba County Jail, Rafael was vomiting again, too weak and dizzy to stand. He is HIV-positive and has hepatitis C. Without treatment, the two can be a deadly combination. But Rafael, 27, had not been treated for hepatitis C in six months, his medical records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED agreed not to use Rafael’s real name, to protect his medical privacy. More than once, Rafael says, he has been the target of violence as a result of the stigma of his illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By March, Rafael had been held in the jail for half a year, waiting to find out if he would be deported to Mexico, the country of his birth. He tried to tune out the arguments of the other inmates over what to watch on television -- a struggle between criminal defendants and immigration detainees, orange uniforms versus red ones. He tried to ignore the flooded bathroom sinks. He tried to ignore the nausea. More than anything else, he thought about seeing a regular doctor rather than the jail's medical staff, who seemed to dismiss his worsening condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/08/TCRPM8417.mp3\" Image=\"https://u.s.kqed.net/2017/08/04/YubaJail.jpg\" Title=\"Jailing Immigrants Means Money and Jobs for Poor Areas. Is This Deal Humane?\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael is one of roughly 200 men and women held by Immigration and Customs Enforcement at the Yuba jail on any given day. They make up about half of the jail population here in this rural county in the Sacramento Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Trump administration moves to vastly expand the deportation of immigrants, county jails across the country could be increasingly put to use to detain them because ICE facilities have simply \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/08/how-trump-could-detain-more-immigrants-in-california/\">run out of room\u003c/a>. But ICE itself has repeatedly faulted Yuba County -- and other jails where immigrant detainees are held -- for inadequate conditions that fail to meet ICE's own standards. Yuba also faces a lawsuit over what inmate advocates call “negligent” care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"aH4OLFJMmfQXMe7RbpEM4sdPwSXBXKoO\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern over a lack of safe and humane conditions at Yuba, and across ICE's already strained detention system, is propelling some California lawmakers to try to disentangle the state from Trump's deportation push.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three bills moving through the California Legislature could alter -- or end -- the ability of cities and counties to enter into detention contracts with ICE. But Yuba officials say that could spell disaster for their county’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Expanding Detention and Deportation\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Yuba County is among about 200 U.S. cities and counties that hold ICE detainees in local jails and private prisons under multimillion-dollar contracts with the federal government. Nationally, an average of 37,706 people a day are locked up, facing deportation. That’s 17 percent more than in fiscal year 2016, according to ICE data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba jail began detaining immigrants for the federal government in 1994. These days, the arrangement generates close to $6 million a year. That money supports half of the sheriff’s operations, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.yuba.ca.us/Departments/CAO/Budget/15-16/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">county budget proposal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You come to rely upon that,” said county spokesman Russ Brown. “We make no bones about that. We've been able to find some level of stability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said Yuba County and other local governments that have held ICE contracts for decades are now caught in a political crossfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yuba County is conducting a service and (we) have been for years, and then because of a political battle Yuba County could very well see public safety fall off the map,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599246\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"555\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1020x708.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1180x819.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-960x667.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-520x361.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigrant detainees help a sheriff's deputy carry items to a truck outside the Yuba County Jail. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Fleeing the Stigma of HIV\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Rafael was 6 months old when he came with his parents to the Bay Area from Mexico. He went to school in San Francisco and all of his family lives here, he says. As a kid he’d rent out local driveways and parking lots for 49ers football games. He punctuates every few words with “like” or “you know.” It wasn’t until he was in high school that he discovered he didn’t have legal status in the United States. That’s when his parents took him to meet an immigration lawyer after he was a victim of a crime.*\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before getting protection, he was arrested for drug possession and deported in 2010. In Mexico he discovered he was HIV-positive. That began a cycle of re-entries and deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he was physically threatened while seeking treatment for HIV in Mexico. He and his lawyers say he suffered even more traumatic incidents there. KQED agreed not to disclose them because he hasn’t shared what happened with his family. But he said he feared for his life, and fled back to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2016, Rafael had been diagnosed with hepatitis C, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, along with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"0NJTy2xDyi95AQeLIu4cHmoSGupAD8wS\"]Last September, he was convicted of driving under the influence and served 42 days at an Alameda County jail. As he was being released, Rafael was apprehended in the jail lobby by two immigration officers who sent him to ICE detention near Sacramento, ICE records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, Rafael tried to get an attorney to fight his deportation. He composed letters to lawyers outlining his fears and his medical conditions. He hid them under his mattress, the only private place he could find. One day, he returned from court to the cell he shared with several other men and saw his private papers out in the open, spread on top of his bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually everybody came in and greeted me, just said, ‘How’s it going?’ But that day everybody was just looking at me,” Rafael said. He described the incident later in a phone call from jail, speaking softly so other inmates wouldn’t overhear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the confrontation unfolded, Rafael said, a friend warned him that his cellmates had read his letters and were threatening to harm him if he didn’t leave the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody thought that they were going to get my infections, through me sitting down on the toilet and stuff like that,” Rafael said. “So everybody just decided that I had to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael grabbed his belongings and rushed to the common area, where he pressed an emergency button to summon the guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his safety, ICE transferred Rafael from Sacramento to the Yuba County Jail in Marysville on Oct. 27.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Waiting for Treatment\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>When ICE moves a detainee, the agency is supposed to transfer all of the person’s medical records. But documents show that Yuba County Jail staff didn’t know at first that Rafael had hepatitis C. Even after they had confirmed his diagnosis, they still did not treat him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They weren't trying to give me my medicine, and I had symptoms,” he said in an interview from the jail. “I always put (in) my request to see the doctors and all they do is just give me, like, just Tums,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599250\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-520x780.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Wells works in the small office she shares with other immigration attorneys at Dolores Street Community Services in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kelly Wells, an immigration attorney with \u003ca href=\"http://www.dscs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dolores Street Community Services\u003c/a>, took on Rafael’s deportation case. But she said she ended up spending a lot of her time pushing jail officials to provide proper medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hep C, HIV co-infection can proceed within a matter of months to liver failure and death. So obviously we had a lot of concerns. He was exhibiting symptoms at the time, too -- symptoms that we don’t know what they were, as lawyers,” Wells says. “What we know is, he needs to see a real doctor who knows hep C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Rafael and his attorneys, Wells and Frances Kreimer, submitted requests for him to see a specialist as he became more ill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don't treat you like a human being (in jail),” Rafael said. “It’s really different outside. My doctors would stay and explain to me, you know, details and stuff like that. They would do blood work and they would do all kinds of stuff to make sure that I didn't have anything else, you know, [a] complication. But in here, they don't do none of that. I have to ask for, like, blood work. My lawyers have to call them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED requested an interview with Yuba County’s sheriff (and a tour inside the jail) many times over the course of five months. Sheriff Steven L. Durfor declined to speak with us, citing many reasons, including the lawsuit challenging jail conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel wrote that jail guards and medical staff are appropriately trained, have passed inspections and successfully “balance the legitimate interests of the jail with the rights of inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How Yuba County Got Entwined With ICE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s not as if Yuba County set out to become so reliant on immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Russ Brown, who also handles legislative affairs, said the county’s financial dependence on ICE has grown over the years, largely due to elemental forces that eroded the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599241\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1180x757.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-960x616.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County spokesman Russ Brown stands where a levee broke in 1986, leading to a devastating flood of the nearby towns of Olivehurst and Linda. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people in Yuba County live and work near the confluence of the Feather and Yuba rivers -- an area prone to flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said a catastrophic flood in 1986 started a downward spiral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That February, following a series of severe winter storms, a levee on the Yuba River collapsed, opening a 30-foot-wide gap that allowed water to engulf the towns of Linda and Olivehurst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aerial photographs of the flood show whole neighborhoods submerged in water, with only the rooftops of houses showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flooding covered more than 30 square miles, killing one person, destroying nearly 900 homes and causing $95 million in damage, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bepreparedyuba.org/pages/prepare/history.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yuba County Office of Emergency Services\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those events,” Brown said. “It changes the status of a community overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11604786\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11604786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-160x272.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1020x1734.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1180x2006.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-960x1632.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-240x408.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-375x638.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-520x884.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yuba County \u003ccite>(Mark Fiore/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The flood also destroyed a vital economic driver for the county: the Peach Tree Mall in Linda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Jane Griego, a former Yuba County supervisor who owns and runs the popular \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/dukes-diner-olivehurst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Duke’s Diner\u003c/a> in Olivehurst, remembers she was driving right by the mall that evening in 1986 when a sheriff’s deputy stopped her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a deputy that skidded into the intersection,” Griego recalled, “And he said, ‘Lady, the levee broke and here comes the water!’ And I looked over there and this wall of water is coming right towards the mall and towards us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tore off in her car and drove to higher ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water rose to nearly the top of the mall, forcing people inside to escape to the roof, to be airlifted to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg\" alt=\"After a levee broke water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later the mall still sits empty.\" width=\"800\" height=\"560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1020x714.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1180x826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-960x672.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-240x168.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-375x263.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-520x364.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After a levee broke, water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later, the mall still sits empty. \u003ccite>(Michael J. Nevins/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>ICE Contract Helps Yuba County Weather Economic Downturns\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Griego sees the destruction of the mall as an economic blow from which Yuba County has yet to recover, even three decades later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Peach Tree Mall opened in the 1970s it held a movie theater, an arcade, and plenty of shops and eateries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where all the kids hung out.” Griego recalled, “Either you were working there at the Orange Julius, meeting your friends there, or stopping by J.C. Penney’s to pick up some clothes for school. It was the place to be at!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the Peach Tree Mall sits with boarded-up windows and doors chained shut. It’s too far gone to renovate, and too expensive to remove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599231\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599231\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-160x95.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1020x604.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1180x698.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-960x568.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-240x142.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-375x222.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-520x308.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County officials tried moving government offices into the husk of the Peach Tree Mall. But it was too moldy for habitation. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s depressing to look at,” Griego said. “All 57 businesses left and not one of them came back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those businesses relocated to a mall just across the Feather River in neighboring Sutter County, and most Yuba residents now cross the bridge to shop there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching that sales tax revenue pour into another county, Griego said, makes her “resentful, mad, angry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another catastrophic flood in 1997 caused an additional $300 million in economic losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griego was first elected to the Board of Supervisors in 2000. She said the economy was in bad shape, forcing county officials to cut back vital services for residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cut a lot,” Griego recalled. “I mean we cut to the bone, and then we cut to the bone marrow after that. And then there was nothing left to cut.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hardship for Yuba residents would have been even worse, she said, had it not been for the revenue from the contract to detain immigrants for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, the Board of Supervisors approved an expansion of the contract to lease up to 220 jail beds -- more than half of the entire jail -- to ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba County's History of Immigration\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"slideshow\" link=\"file\" ids=\"11599331,11599327,11599330,11599236,11599326,11599316\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Ongoing Allegations Over Negligent Medical Care\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>While the contract has helped the county, inmates and their advocates say the funds from the ICE contract haven't led to improved jail conditions -- for immigration detainees or the rest of the jail population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grand juries, human rights advocates and lawyers for inmates -- along with ICE auditors and county officials -- all have documented problems, ranging from inadequate medical and mental health care to overcrowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail can hold up to 433 inmates, and it’s usually close to full, ICE audits and state data show. The jail shares a cramped building, originally built in 1962, with the courthouse, county records and part of the sheriff’s department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED was not permitted inside the jail, but a view of the conditions can be gained from government records and photographs taken by lawyers. The cells have bars with flaking paint. The jail’s medical facilities are underground. A May 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury report\u003c/a> noted that staff call part of the facility the “dungeon.” But the grand jury was more concerned with the lengthy delays for some inmates to see a doctor, or even a nurse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599319\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 390px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg 390w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-240x182.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-375x285.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One room houses Yuba County Jail's medical exam area, a telepsychiatry space and offices for medical staff. \u003ccite>(Photo from Yuba County's application to the Board of State and Community Corrections)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail’s medical staff struggles to function in a small space, county officials wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a grant application\u003c/a> to the state. Staff members use a single room for medical exams, psychiatry appointments and as an office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael described the lack of privacy. “They take you in with a bunch of inmates, and other inmates are waiting for their appointment,” he said. “Everybody can hear clearly what you're talking about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he wrote notes to the doctor as a way to explain his concerns privately. But then the doctor read the notes aloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still scared, you know,” he said. “I don’t like people finding out my medical situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/dro/detention-standards/pdf/medical_care.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">medical policy\u003c/a> specifically requires facilities to ensure patient confidentiality, especially for people with HIV. In several reports ICE criticized the Yuba jail’s policy of allowing jail guards to read inmates’ medical requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some inmates say they’ve suffered much more egregious problems with guards at the Yuba County Jail. Orsay Alegria-Simuta told KQED that he was beaten by a jail guard earlier this year while having an epileptic seizure. He said the staff denied him his prescribed medication and placed him in isolation for three days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am not a criminal,” said Alegria-Simuta, who was held by ICE for months while in deportation proceedings. “I simply wanted my pills that day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alegria-Simuta, a native of Mexico*, is no longer locked up. But he said his right hand remains damaged from the beating. ICE is investigating the incident. The jail guard resigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials say Yuba County does a poor job of monitoring its own jail. In recent audits ICE found that the facility did not properly investigate \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sexual assaults\u003c/a> or guards’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898586-Yuba-County-Jail-April-2012-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use of force\u003c/a>. Jail officials did not medically screen inmates after such incidents, and failed to inform ICE about what occurred, the audits found. County officials did not respond in writing to ICE audits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Attorneys Sue Over Jail Conditions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Conditions at the jail have been notorious for so long that the county has been under \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898596-Dkt-163-6-PROP-Order-Granting-MTE-CD-for-Further.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court order\u003c/a> to improve them for 38 years. Attorney Jennifer Stark, who helped with a lawsuit to enforce the order, has toured the jail several times and has spoken with immigrant detainees and other inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stark described an October 2014 incident in which a man attempted to hang himself in the shower, using a sheet. Other inmates found the man, but because there was no emergency call button they had to scream for several minutes to get the guards’ attention, she said. When the guards arrived, they weren’t carrying the proper masks to conduct CPR, so it was the inmates who worked to revive the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599237\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599237\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hallway leading to sections of the jail, including the H-tank. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rosen Bien Galvan & Grunfeld LLP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The jail knew about this problem and did nothing,” said Stark. “No emergency call buttons were put into the old jail. … A few months later the very person who had been attempting CPR on his friend attempted to hang himself in the H-tank shower in the exact same way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel called the concerns about suicide “exaggerated and misconceived.” The county noted that no inmates have died of suicide in the last 10 years and that “acts of self-harm do not equate a suicide attempt.” Court documents also show that, starting in March 2015, the jail added 16 emergency buttons and 13 security cameras, and is in the process of eliminating pipes that inmates could use to hang themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent grand jury\u003c/a> was worried that inmates were unable to access psychiatric help, and when they did it was mainly through videoconferencing. When inmates told staff that they were having a mental health crisis, they were sometimes placed in isolation for days at a time, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ICE\u003c/a> found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael’s lawyer, Kelly Wells, told KQED that she had been representing Rafael for several months before he admitted he was having suicidal thoughts at Yuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He told me that he hadn't revealed them to ICE specifically because he was afraid that he would be put into some kind of worse conditions,” Wells said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A $20 million grant from the state will help pay for a new medical wing, scheduled to open in 2020, with more space for confidential treatment. In the meantime, jail officials have increased group therapy with a crisis counselor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent grand jury also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898576-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2015-16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noted \u003c/a>that despite problems, “overall, the Jail runs very effectively given their limited budget.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an application\u003c/a> for the grant to build the new medical and mental health wing for the jail, county officials wrote that “the existing mental health and medical treatment, dental treatment, medical holding, medical and mental health beds, inmate programs, staff support, and laundry spaces are all deficient or non-existent in this facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Conditions of Detention Spur State Response\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Ongoing reports of inadequate care for immigrant detainees in California jails and private prisons prompted several state lawmakers to try to overhaul the state’s role in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599240\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-160x248.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1020x1578.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1180x1826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-960x1486.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-240x371.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-375x580.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-520x805.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) in his office in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s promise to deport millions more undocumented people added to the urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) introduced a bill this year that would prohibit local agencies from using resources “to investigate, interrogate, detain, detect, or arrest” people for immigration purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It begs some ethical questions: whether counties should be profiteering on a very polarizing and polemic issue, which is the issue of immigration,” \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 54\u003c/a> does not explicitly target the ICE contracts of a dozen California cities and counties, including Yuba County, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898594-2017-2018-SB54-Senate-Floor-Analyses.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legislative staff analysis\u003c/a> observes “prohibitions in the bill would make local law enforcement agencies legally unable to continue to carry out such a contract.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other measures could also impact local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 29\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Los Angeles), would require local jails with ICE detainees to provide a higher standard of care and subject them to a new layer of scrutiny. The attorney general would also be able to sue counties and cities and private prisons for any gross violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 630\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Nancy Skinner (D-Berkeley), would withhold state funds for jail construction from counties, including Yuba, Orange and Contra Costa, that hold people for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three bills have passed the state Senate. The Assembly will vote on them later this summer. If they pass it’s unclear whether Gov. Jerry Brown will sign them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba Braces for Loss of Funds\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Sacramento’s legislative backlash against the Trump administration’s immigration agenda frustrates officials in Yuba County. They say struggling local governments, not the state, will pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Brown said federal funds for detaining immigrants are now so closely intertwined with the general budget that any loss could force the county to shut down vital services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will decimate the budget of this sheriff's department, it will cause severe problems in terms of how they're able to serve our residents,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff could be forced to cut deputies patrolling the streets -- or find other ways to economize, Brown says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately Yuba County leaders fear they might have to shut down the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11599341 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sheriff's deputies drive through Marysville, California, the seat of Yuba County. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Rafael Gets His Day in Court\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>None of these changes will directly impact Rafael. He was released from the Yuba County Jail in April after being locked up for eight months. The medical staff finally began giving him his hepatitis C medication in the last three weeks of his incarceration. At his final immigration hearing, a judge found that Rafael has a legitimate fear of persecution if he were deported to Mexico, and granted him “withholding of removal.” It allows him to stay in the United States legally, but does not provide a path to citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was really relieved for him because honestly, by that point, I had really started to lose faith in the immigration system,” said Rafael’s lawyer, Wells. “I've seen cases drag out and clients remain detained for so long for no reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just a few months after winning his freedom, Rafael found a new home and a new job in the Bay Area. Wells said Rafael is excited to spend more time with his two young children, who are both U.S. citizens. She’s currently helping him get health insurance so that he can see a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED asked Rafael for an interview after he was freed, but he declined. He said he doesn’t want to relive everything he’s been through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[yubaDox]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*Note that this piece has been updated to clarify Rafael's first immigration consultation. We have also updated the story to state that Orsay Alegria-Simuta's is from Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Federal dollars help keep rural Yuba County in the black, but critics say the jail is failing when it comes to inmates' medical needs.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>nside his cell in the Yuba County Jail, Rafael was vomiting again, too weak and dizzy to stand. He is HIV-positive and has hepatitis C. Without treatment, the two can be a deadly combination. But Rafael, 27, had not been treated for hepatitis C in six months, his medical records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED agreed not to use Rafael’s real name, to protect his medical privacy. More than once, Rafael says, he has been the target of violence as a result of the stigma of his illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By March, Rafael had been held in the jail for half a year, waiting to find out if he would be deported to Mexico, the country of his birth. He tried to tune out the arguments of the other inmates over what to watch on television -- a struggle between criminal defendants and immigration detainees, orange uniforms versus red ones. He tried to ignore the flooded bathroom sinks. He tried to ignore the nausea. More than anything else, he thought about seeing a regular doctor rather than the jail's medical staff, who seemed to dismiss his worsening condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael is one of roughly 200 men and women held by Immigration and Customs Enforcement at the Yuba jail on any given day. They make up about half of the jail population here in this rural county in the Sacramento Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Trump administration moves to vastly expand the deportation of immigrants, county jails across the country could be increasingly put to use to detain them because ICE facilities have simply \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/08/how-trump-could-detain-more-immigrants-in-california/\">run out of room\u003c/a>. But ICE itself has repeatedly faulted Yuba County -- and other jails where immigrant detainees are held -- for inadequate conditions that fail to meet ICE's own standards. Yuba also faces a lawsuit over what inmate advocates call “negligent” care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concern over a lack of safe and humane conditions at Yuba, and across ICE's already strained detention system, is propelling some California lawmakers to try to disentangle the state from Trump's deportation push.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three bills moving through the California Legislature could alter -- or end -- the ability of cities and counties to enter into detention contracts with ICE. But Yuba officials say that could spell disaster for their county’s finances.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Expanding Detention and Deportation\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Yuba County is among about 200 U.S. cities and counties that hold ICE detainees in local jails and private prisons under multimillion-dollar contracts with the federal government. Nationally, an average of 37,706 people a day are locked up, facing deportation. That’s 17 percent more than in fiscal year 2016, according to ICE data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba jail began detaining immigrants for the federal government in 1994. These days, the arrangement generates close to $6 million a year. That money supports half of the sheriff’s operations, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.co.yuba.ca.us/Departments/CAO/Budget/15-16/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">county budget proposal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You come to rely upon that,” said county spokesman Russ Brown. “We make no bones about that. We've been able to find some level of stability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said Yuba County and other local governments that have held ICE contracts for decades are now caught in a political crossfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yuba County is conducting a service and (we) have been for years, and then because of a political battle Yuba County could very well see public safety fall off the map,\" Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599246\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"555\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-800x555.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1020x708.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-1180x819.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-960x667.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/women-detainees-520x361.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Immigrant detainees help a sheriff's deputy carry items to a truck outside the Yuba County Jail. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Fleeing the Stigma of HIV\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Rafael was 6 months old when he came with his parents to the Bay Area from Mexico. He went to school in San Francisco and all of his family lives here, he says. As a kid he’d rent out local driveways and parking lots for 49ers football games. He punctuates every few words with “like” or “you know.” It wasn’t until he was in high school that he discovered he didn’t have legal status in the United States. That’s when his parents took him to meet an immigration lawyer after he was a victim of a crime.*\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before getting protection, he was arrested for drug possession and deported in 2010. In Mexico he discovered he was HIV-positive. That began a cycle of re-entries and deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he was physically threatened while seeking treatment for HIV in Mexico. He and his lawyers say he suffered even more traumatic incidents there. KQED agreed not to disclose them because he hasn’t shared what happened with his family. But he said he feared for his life, and fled back to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2016, Rafael had been diagnosed with hepatitis C, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, along with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Last September, he was convicted of driving under the influence and served 42 days at an Alameda County jail. As he was being released, Rafael was apprehended in the jail lobby by two immigration officers who sent him to ICE detention near Sacramento, ICE records show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, Rafael tried to get an attorney to fight his deportation. He composed letters to lawyers outlining his fears and his medical conditions. He hid them under his mattress, the only private place he could find. One day, he returned from court to the cell he shared with several other men and saw his private papers out in the open, spread on top of his bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Usually everybody came in and greeted me, just said, ‘How’s it going?’ But that day everybody was just looking at me,” Rafael said. He described the incident later in a phone call from jail, speaking softly so other inmates wouldn’t overhear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the confrontation unfolded, Rafael said, a friend warned him that his cellmates had read his letters and were threatening to harm him if he didn’t leave the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody thought that they were going to get my infections, through me sitting down on the toilet and stuff like that,” Rafael said. “So everybody just decided that I had to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael grabbed his belongings and rushed to the common area, where he pressed an emergency button to summon the guards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his safety, ICE transferred Rafael from Sacramento to the Yuba County Jail in Marysville on Oct. 27.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Waiting for Treatment\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>When ICE moves a detainee, the agency is supposed to transfer all of the person’s medical records. But documents show that Yuba County Jail staff didn’t know at first that Rafael had hepatitis C. Even after they had confirmed his diagnosis, they still did not treat him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They weren't trying to give me my medicine, and I had symptoms,” he said in an interview from the jail. “I always put (in) my request to see the doctors and all they do is just give me, like, just Tums,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599250\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599250\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-800x1200.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-160x240.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1020x1530.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-1180x1770.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-960x1440.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-240x360.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-375x563.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells-520x780.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/kelly-engel-wells.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kelly Wells works in the small office she shares with other immigration attorneys at Dolores Street Community Services in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kelly Wells, an immigration attorney with \u003ca href=\"http://www.dscs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dolores Street Community Services\u003c/a>, took on Rafael’s deportation case. But she said she ended up spending a lot of her time pushing jail officials to provide proper medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hep C, HIV co-infection can proceed within a matter of months to liver failure and death. So obviously we had a lot of concerns. He was exhibiting symptoms at the time, too -- symptoms that we don’t know what they were, as lawyers,” Wells says. “What we know is, he needs to see a real doctor who knows hep C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Rafael and his attorneys, Wells and Frances Kreimer, submitted requests for him to see a specialist as he became more ill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don't treat you like a human being (in jail),” Rafael said. “It’s really different outside. My doctors would stay and explain to me, you know, details and stuff like that. They would do blood work and they would do all kinds of stuff to make sure that I didn't have anything else, you know, [a] complication. But in here, they don't do none of that. I have to ask for, like, blood work. My lawyers have to call them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED requested an interview with Yuba County’s sheriff (and a tour inside the jail) many times over the course of five months. Sheriff Steven L. Durfor declined to speak with us, citing many reasons, including the lawsuit challenging jail conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel wrote that jail guards and medical staff are appropriately trained, have passed inspections and successfully “balance the legitimate interests of the jail with the rights of inmates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How Yuba County Got Entwined With ICE\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s not as if Yuba County set out to become so reliant on immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Russ Brown, who also handles legislative affairs, said the county’s financial dependence on ICE has grown over the years, largely due to elemental forces that eroded the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599241\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599241\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-800x513.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1020x655.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-1180x757.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-960x616.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/russ-levee-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County spokesman Russ Brown stands where a levee broke in 1986, leading to a devastating flood of the nearby towns of Olivehurst and Linda. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most people in Yuba County live and work near the confluence of the Feather and Yuba rivers -- an area prone to flooding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown said a catastrophic flood in 1986 started a downward spiral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That February, following a series of severe winter storms, a levee on the Yuba River collapsed, opening a 30-foot-wide gap that allowed water to engulf the towns of Linda and Olivehurst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aerial photographs of the flood show whole neighborhoods submerged in water, with only the rooftops of houses showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flooding covered more than 30 square miles, killing one person, destroying nearly 900 homes and causing $95 million in damage, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bepreparedyuba.org/pages/prepare/history.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yuba County Office of Emergency Services\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those events,” Brown said. “It changes the status of a community overnight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11604786\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11604786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-800x1360.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-160x272.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1020x1734.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-1180x2006.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-960x1632.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-240x408.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-375x638.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2-520x884.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/yuba_vertical_final01-2.png 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Yuba County \u003ccite>(Mark Fiore/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The flood also destroyed a vital economic driver for the county: the Peach Tree Mall in Linda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mary Jane Griego, a former Yuba County supervisor who owns and runs the popular \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/dukes-diner-olivehurst\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Duke’s Diner\u003c/a> in Olivehurst, remembers she was driving right by the mall that evening in 1986 when a sheriff’s deputy stopped her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a deputy that skidded into the intersection,” Griego recalled, “And he said, ‘Lady, the levee broke and here comes the water!’ And I looked over there and this wall of water is coming right towards the mall and towards us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She tore off in her car and drove to higher ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water rose to nearly the top of the mall, forcing people inside to escape to the roof, to be airlifted to safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599225\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg\" alt=\"After a levee broke water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later the mall still sits empty.\" width=\"800\" height=\"560\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-800x560.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1020x714.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-1180x826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-960x672.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-240x168.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-375x263.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/USGS-peachtree-mall-flood-520x364.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After a levee broke, water rose almost to the top of the Peach Tree Mall. More than 30 years later, the mall still sits empty. \u003ccite>(Michael J. Nevins/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>ICE Contract Helps Yuba County Weather Economic Downturns\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Griego sees the destruction of the mall as an economic blow from which Yuba County has yet to recover, even three decades later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Peach Tree Mall opened in the 1970s it held a movie theater, an arcade, and plenty of shops and eateries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where all the kids hung out.” Griego recalled, “Either you were working there at the Orange Julius, meeting your friends there, or stopping by J.C. Penney’s to pick up some clothes for school. It was the place to be at!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the Peach Tree Mall sits with boarded-up windows and doors chained shut. It’s too far gone to renovate, and too expensive to remove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599231\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599231\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-800x473.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-160x95.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1020x604.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-1180x698.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-960x568.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-240x142.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-375x222.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/peachtreemall1-520x308.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">County officials tried moving government offices into the husk of the Peach Tree Mall. But it was too moldy for habitation. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s depressing to look at,” Griego said. “All 57 businesses left and not one of them came back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those businesses relocated to a mall just across the Feather River in neighboring Sutter County, and most Yuba residents now cross the bridge to shop there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watching that sales tax revenue pour into another county, Griego said, makes her “resentful, mad, angry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another catastrophic flood in 1997 caused an additional $300 million in economic losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Griego was first elected to the Board of Supervisors in 2000. She said the economy was in bad shape, forcing county officials to cut back vital services for residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We cut a lot,” Griego recalled. “I mean we cut to the bone, and then we cut to the bone marrow after that. And then there was nothing left to cut.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hardship for Yuba residents would have been even worse, she said, had it not been for the revenue from the contract to detain immigrants for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2008, the Board of Supervisors approved an expansion of the contract to lease up to 220 jail beds -- more than half of the entire jail -- to ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba County's History of Immigration\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Ongoing Allegations Over Negligent Medical Care\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>While the contract has helped the county, inmates and their advocates say the funds from the ICE contract haven't led to improved jail conditions -- for immigration detainees or the rest of the jail population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grand juries, human rights advocates and lawyers for inmates -- along with ICE auditors and county officials -- all have documented problems, ranging from inadequate medical and mental health care to overcrowding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail can hold up to 433 inmates, and it’s usually close to full, ICE audits and state data show. The jail shares a cramped building, originally built in 1962, with the courthouse, county records and part of the sheriff’s department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED was not permitted inside the jail, but a view of the conditions can be gained from government records and photographs taken by lawyers. The cells have bars with flaking paint. The jail’s medical facilities are underground. A May 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury report\u003c/a> noted that staff call part of the facility the “dungeon.” But the grand jury was more concerned with the lengthy delays for some inmates to see a doctor, or even a nurse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599319\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 390px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599319\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29.jpg 390w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-240x182.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-29-375x285.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One room houses Yuba County Jail's medical exam area, a telepsychiatry space and offices for medical staff. \u003ccite>(Photo from Yuba County's application to the Board of State and Community Corrections)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Yuba County Jail’s medical staff struggles to function in a small space, county officials wrote in \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a grant application\u003c/a> to the state. Staff members use a single room for medical exams, psychiatry appointments and as an office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael described the lack of privacy. “They take you in with a bunch of inmates, and other inmates are waiting for their appointment,” he said. “Everybody can hear clearly what you're talking about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael said he wrote notes to the doctor as a way to explain his concerns privately. But then the doctor read the notes aloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m still scared, you know,” he said. “I don’t like people finding out my medical situation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/dro/detention-standards/pdf/medical_care.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">medical policy\u003c/a> specifically requires facilities to ensure patient confidentiality, especially for people with HIV. In several reports ICE criticized the Yuba jail’s policy of allowing jail guards to read inmates’ medical requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some inmates say they’ve suffered much more egregious problems with guards at the Yuba County Jail. Orsay Alegria-Simuta told KQED that he was beaten by a jail guard earlier this year while having an epileptic seizure. He said the staff denied him his prescribed medication and placed him in isolation for three days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am not a criminal,” said Alegria-Simuta, who was held by ICE for months while in deportation proceedings. “I simply wanted my pills that day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alegria-Simuta, a native of Mexico*, is no longer locked up. But he said his right hand remains damaged from the beating. ICE is investigating the incident. The jail guard resigned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials say Yuba County does a poor job of monitoring its own jail. In recent audits ICE found that the facility did not properly investigate \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sexual assaults\u003c/a> or guards’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898586-Yuba-County-Jail-April-2012-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">use of force\u003c/a>. Jail officials did not medically screen inmates after such incidents, and failed to inform ICE about what occurred, the audits found. County officials did not respond in writing to ICE audits.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Attorneys Sue Over Jail Conditions\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Conditions at the jail have been notorious for so long that the county has been under \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898596-Dkt-163-6-PROP-Order-Granting-MTE-CD-for-Further.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court order\u003c/a> to improve them for 38 years. Attorney Jennifer Stark, who helped with a lawsuit to enforce the order, has toured the jail several times and has spoken with immigrant detainees and other inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stark described an October 2014 incident in which a man attempted to hang himself in the shower, using a sheet. Other inmates found the man, but because there was no emergency call button they had to scream for several minutes to get the guards’ attention, she said. When the guards arrived, they weren’t carrying the proper masks to conduct CPR, so it was the inmates who worked to revive the man.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599237\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11599237\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/G-H-I-Hallways-rec_d-11-10-15-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hallway leading to sections of the jail, including the H-tank. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Rosen Bien Galvan & Grunfeld LLP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The jail knew about this problem and did nothing,” said Stark. “No emergency call buttons were put into the old jail. … A few months later the very person who had been attempting CPR on his friend attempted to hang himself in the H-tank shower in the exact same way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898770-Dkt-180-Defs-Opp-to-Pls-MTE-1-18-17-1255-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">court documents\u003c/a>, the Yuba County counsel called the concerns about suicide “exaggerated and misconceived.” The county noted that no inmates have died of suicide in the last 10 years and that “acts of self-harm do not equate a suicide attempt.” Court documents also show that, starting in March 2015, the jail added 16 emergency buttons and 13 security cameras, and is in the process of eliminating pipes that inmates could use to hang themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent grand jury\u003c/a> was worried that inmates were unable to access psychiatric help, and when they did it was mainly through videoconferencing. When inmates told staff that they were having a mental health crisis, they were sometimes placed in isolation for days at a time, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898574-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">grand jury\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898587-Yuba-County-Jail-August-2014-Inspection.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ICE\u003c/a> found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rafael’s lawyer, Kelly Wells, told KQED that she had been representing Rafael for several months before he admitted he was having suicidal thoughts at Yuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He told me that he hadn't revealed them to ICE specifically because he was afraid that he would be put into some kind of worse conditions,” Wells said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A $20 million grant from the state will help pay for a new medical wing, scheduled to open in 2020, with more space for confidential treatment. In the meantime, jail officials have increased group therapy with a crisis counselor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent grand jury also \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898576-Yuba-Grand-Jury-Report-2015-16.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noted \u003c/a>that despite problems, “overall, the Jail runs very effectively given their limited budget.“\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898590-Yuba-County-BSCC-Proposal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an application\u003c/a> for the grant to build the new medical and mental health wing for the jail, county officials wrote that “the existing mental health and medical treatment, dental treatment, medical holding, medical and mental health beds, inmate programs, staff support, and laundry spaces are all deficient or non-existent in this facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Conditions of Detention Spur State Response\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Ongoing reports of inadequate care for immigrant detainees in California jails and private prisons prompted several state lawmakers to try to overhaul the state’s role in ICE detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599240\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11599240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1238\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-800x1238.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-160x248.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1020x1578.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-1180x1826.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-960x1486.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-240x371.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-375x580.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/de-leon-1-520x805.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) in his office in Sacramento. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>President Trump’s promise to deport millions more undocumented people added to the urgency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate President Pro Tem Kevin \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> (D-Los Angeles) introduced a bill this year that would prohibit local agencies from using resources “to investigate, interrogate, detain, detect, or arrest” people for immigration purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It begs some ethical questions: whether counties should be profiteering on a very polarizing and polemic issue, which is the issue of immigration,” \u003cspan class=\"il\">de\u003c/span> \u003cspan class=\"il\">León\u003c/span> says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 54\u003c/a> does not explicitly target the ICE contracts of a dozen California cities and counties, including Yuba County, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3898594-2017-2018-SB54-Senate-Floor-Analyses.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legislative staff analysis\u003c/a> observes “prohibitions in the bill would make local law enforcement agencies legally unable to continue to carry out such a contract.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other measures could also impact local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 29\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Los Angeles), would require local jails with ICE detainees to provide a higher standard of care and subject them to a new layer of scrutiny. The attorney general would also be able to sue counties and cities and private prisons for any gross violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SB 630\u003c/a>, introduced by state Sen. Nancy Skinner (D-Berkeley), would withhold state funds for jail construction from counties, including Yuba, Orange and Contra Costa, that hold people for ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three bills have passed the state Senate. The Assembly will vote on them later this summer. If they pass it’s unclear whether Gov. Jerry Brown will sign them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Yuba Braces for Loss of Funds\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Sacramento’s legislative backlash against the Trump administration’s immigration agenda frustrates officials in Yuba County. They say struggling local governments, not the state, will pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County spokesman Brown said federal funds for detaining immigrants are now so closely intertwined with the general budget that any loss could force the county to shut down vital services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will decimate the budget of this sheriff's department, it will cause severe problems in terms of how they're able to serve our residents,” Brown said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sheriff could be forced to cut deputies patrolling the streets -- or find other ways to economize, Brown says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately Yuba County leaders fear they might have to shut down the jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11599341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11599341 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/07/yuba-25-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sheriff's deputies drive through Marysville, California, the seat of Yuba County. \u003ccite>(Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Rafael Gets His Day in Court\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>None of these changes will directly impact Rafael. He was released from the Yuba County Jail in April after being locked up for eight months. The medical staff finally began giving him his hepatitis C medication in the last three weeks of his incarceration. At his final immigration hearing, a judge found that Rafael has a legitimate fear of persecution if he were deported to Mexico, and granted him “withholding of removal.” It allows him to stay in the United States legally, but does not provide a path to citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was really relieved for him because honestly, by that point, I had really started to lose faith in the immigration system,” said Rafael’s lawyer, Wells. “I've seen cases drag out and clients remain detained for so long for no reason.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just a few months after winning his freedom, Rafael found a new home and a new job in the Bay Area. Wells said Rafael is excited to spend more time with his two young children, who are both U.S. citizens. She’s currently helping him get health insurance so that he can see a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED asked Rafael for an interview after he was freed, but he declined. He said he doesn’t want to relive everything he’s been through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[yubaDox]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*Note that this piece has been updated to clarify Rafael's first immigration consultation. We have also updated the story to state that Orsay Alegria-Simuta's is from Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "MAP: Where ICE Detains Immigrants",
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"content": "\u003cp>This fiscal year immigration officials are detaining more people across the country in local jails and private prisons than they did last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, the government must detain people before deporting them. The average number of people in immigration detention on any given day nationally increased by 17 percent from fiscal year 2016 to fiscal year 2017, according to data obtained by KQED through a Freedom of Information Act request. Data are only available for the first part of fiscal year 2017 from October 3, 2016 to March 20, 2017. The federal government’s fiscal year begins in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”fOflMiW9vi8YxT1LjQiwyZhUnL4XMrRO”]Immigration and Customs Enforcement relies on a network of more than 200 locally operated jails (purple), private prisons (blue) and their own facilities (yellow) to hold all these people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1482\" height=\"1120\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11953646\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png 1482w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-800x605.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-1020x771.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-160x121.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1482px) 100vw, 1482px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\n\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>We can see that ICE has far more contracts with local county and city jails to hold people than with private companies. However, jails can hold only so many people because they’re often smaller than private prisons, and regular jail populations can vary drastically. So, although there are more local jails holding detainees, there are far more detainees in privately operated prisons. When we adjust for population, we can see how many more detainees are in private prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data show that over the last few months ICE has increasingly relied on private detention, where it’s generally cheaper to incarcerate people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between October 2016 and March 2017 the government signed additional contracts to detain people in eight new private facilities, seven new county jails and one new city jail. It also ended 28 contracts. However, most of those were with county jails that had not held detainees for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, ICE had contracts to hold people in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>44 private prisons\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>153 local jails\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Five of its own facilities\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As of March 20, 2017, about two-thirds of detainees were held in privately operated prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"noborder callout aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/9PmdQ/3/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":757,\"200\":571,\"300\":473,\"400\":456,\"500\":417,\"600\":400,\"700\":400,\"800\":400,\"900\":400,\"1000\":400},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\"),window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"9PmdQ\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The number of detainees is also increasing because of new policies to automatically detain more people. And those people are being detained longer, as more people go into immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite hiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/news-and-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">45 new immigration judges\u003c/a> since January, the court’s backlog continues to grow, according to data from \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Syracuse University’s Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse\u003c/a>. As of June, it took an average of 667 days to close a case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout noborder aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WWuK4/2/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":410,\"200\":337,\"300\":312,\"400\":295,\"500\":295,\"600\":295,\"700\":295,\"800\":295,\"900\":295,\"1000\":295},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\"),window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"WWuK4\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em; float:right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In the first four months of the Trump presidency, immigration officers \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/17/immigration-arrests-climb-by-almost-40-percent-under-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arrested 38 percent more people\u003c/a> than in the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both immigration officials and advocates expect detention populations to continue to increase as more people are arrested, more people are automatically detained and the immigration court backlog increases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This fiscal year immigration officials are detaining more people across the country in local jails and private prisons than they did last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, the government must detain people before deporting them. The average number of people in immigration detention on any given day nationally increased by 17 percent from fiscal year 2016 to fiscal year 2017, according to data obtained by KQED through a Freedom of Information Act request. Data are only available for the first part of fiscal year 2017 from October 3, 2016 to March 20, 2017. The federal government’s fiscal year begins in October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement relies on a network of more than 200 locally operated jails (purple), private prisons (blue) and their own facilities (yellow) to hold all these people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1482\" height=\"1120\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11953646\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM.png 1482w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-800x605.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-1020x771.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/Screen-Shot-2023-06-21-at-3.38.27-PM-160x121.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1482px) 100vw, 1482px\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\n\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>We can see that ICE has far more contracts with local county and city jails to hold people than with private companies. However, jails can hold only so many people because they’re often smaller than private prisons, and regular jail populations can vary drastically. So, although there are more local jails holding detainees, there are far more detainees in privately operated prisons. When we adjust for population, we can see how many more detainees are in private prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data show that over the last few months ICE has increasingly relied on private detention, where it’s generally cheaper to incarcerate people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between October 2016 and March 2017 the government signed additional contracts to detain people in eight new private facilities, seven new county jails and one new city jail. It also ended 28 contracts. However, most of those were with county jails that had not held detainees for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, ICE had contracts to hold people in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>44 private prisons\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>153 local jails\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Five of its own facilities\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As of March 20, 2017, about two-thirds of detainees were held in privately operated prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"noborder callout aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/9PmdQ/3/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":757,\"200\":571,\"300\":473,\"400\":456,\"500\":417,\"600\":400,\"700\":400,\"800\":400,\"900\":400,\"1000\":400},window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-9PmdQ\"),window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"9PmdQ\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"9PmdQ\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em;float: right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The number of detainees is also increasing because of new policies to automatically detain more people. And those people are being detained longer, as more people go into immigration court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite hiring \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/news-and-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">45 new immigration judges\u003c/a> since January, the court’s backlog continues to grow, according to data from \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Syracuse University’s Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse\u003c/a>. As of June, it took an average of 667 days to close a case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout noborder aligncenter\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WWuK4/2/\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\">if(\"undefined\"==typeof window.datawrapper)window.datawrapper={};window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"]={},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas={\"100\":410,\"200\":337,\"300\":312,\"400\":295,\"500\":295,\"600\":295,\"700\":295,\"800\":295,\"900\":295,\"1000\":295},window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe=document.getElementById(\"datawrapper-chart-WWuK4\"),window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].embedDeltas[Math.min(1e3,Math.max(100*Math.floor(window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.offsetWidth/100),100))]+\"px\",window.addEventListener(\"message\",function(a){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])for(var b in a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"])if(\"WWuK4\"==b)window.datawrapper[\"WWuK4\"].iframe.style.height=a.data[\"datawrapper-height\"][b]+\"px\"});\u003c/script>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 0.6255em; float:right;\">Lisa Pickoff-White/KQED\u003c/span>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In the first four months of the Trump presidency, immigration officers \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/17/immigration-arrests-climb-by-almost-40-percent-under-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arrested 38 percent more people\u003c/a> than in the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both immigration officials and advocates expect detention populations to continue to increase as more people are arrested, more people are automatically detained and the immigration court backlog increases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Julie Small contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "9th Circuit: Detained Immigrant Children Entitled to Court Hearing",
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"content": "\u003cp>Children detained by immigration authorities have the right to a hearing before an immigration judge to consider their release, according to a federal appeals court in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/07/05/17-55208.pdf\">ruling \u003c/a>Wednesday by the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals will allow thousands of children to petition a judge to be released while they await their day in immigration court, just as most adults in immigration custody can do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important because we've seen children detained in excess of a year with no reason given for their detention,\" said Holly Cooper, an attorney for the plaintiffs and co-director of the Immigration Law Clinic at the UC Davis School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court found that a 1997 lawsuit settlement that set standards for immigration detention of minors is still in force -- including a provision that guarantees custody hearings -- in spite of two laws passed by Congress since then dealing with immigrant children who cross the border unaccompanied by a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'In the absence of such hearings, these children are held in bureaucratic limbo, left to rely upon the agency's alleged benevolence and opaque decision making.'\u003ccite>Judge Stephen Reinhardt\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/flores-v-meese-stipulated-settlement-agreement-plus-extension-settlement\">settlement\u003c/a>, \u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">known today as Flores v. Sessions (the case was Fl\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">ores v. Reno back in 1997), favors family reunification and says children should be placed \"in the least restrictive setting appropriate to the minor’s age and special needs.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A three-judge panel of the 9th Circuit rejected the federal government's argument that the more recent laws eliminated the right to a bond hearing under the Flores settlement because they didn't specifically mention such hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Without such hearings, these children have no meaningful forum in which to challenge ORR’s decisions regarding their detention or even to discover why those decisions have been made,\" wrote Judge Stephen Reinhardt for the court. He was referring to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr/programs/ucs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR)\u003c/a>, the agency charged with the care and placement of unaccompanied minors in immigration proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reinhardt went on: \"In the absence of such hearings, these children are held in bureaucratic limbo, left to rely upon the agency’s alleged benevolence and opaque decision making.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When adults in deportation proceedings are detained, they are held by Immigration and Customs Enforcement. But for the past 15 years, unaccompanied immigrant children are turned over to the ORR, which is part of the U.S. Health and Human Services agency. ORR officials have maintained that they alone have the authority to decide whether to release a child from custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper said she and other advocates decided to challenge that in court because they felt that vulnerable children -- some as young as 8 years old -- were being denied their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"enpTs1CeqR2jZSbdkLMOSUTXDRLdbEHw\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In every other detention context we could find, the individual was given an immediate right to a hearing on the legality and necessity of their detention -- whether at Guantanamo, or someone mentally ill or a child,\" she said. \"This is a modest win, because all we've done is bring the kids up to the level of rights of every other detainee. If we had lost, it would've been a very dire blow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision upholds a January ruling by U.S. District Court Judge Dolly M. Gee, based in Los Angeles. The federal government could decide to appeal, requesting review by either the full 9th Circuit or the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Justice Department is reviewing the Court’s ruling and considering next steps in the litigation,\" said department spokeswoman Nicole Navas Oxman in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The right to a bond hearing affords children the right to a lawyer, if they can find or pay for one (\u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/juvenile/\">fewer than half\u003c/a> of the kids in deportation proceedings have legal counsel). That's something kids in ORR custody have been denied, Cooper and other lawyers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With her students at the UC Davis Immigration Law Clinic, Cooper has represented several immigrant teenagers held at the Yolo County Juvenile Detention Facility. ORR has a contract with the county to detain up to 30 youths in the locked juvenile jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such teenager, Pablo Aguilar, spent 2½ years in immigration custody. In 2014 Aguilar fled a gang in El Salvador that had kidnapped, and probably killed, his brother. He came to the United States to seek asylum and reunite with his mother, who lives in Los Angeles. But despite finding his mother to be a fit parent, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/11/hundreds-of-migrant-teens-are-being-held-indefinitely-in-locked-detention/\">ORR would not release Pablo\u003c/a> and would not explain why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11553693\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11553693\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-800x742.jpg\" alt=\"Evelyn Aguilar holds up a photo of herself visiting with her son, Pablo, when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend, Mario, is in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"742\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-160x148.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-240x223.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-375x348.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-520x482.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pablo Aguilar's mother holds up a photo of herself visiting with Pablo when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend, Mario, is in the background. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"What will be nice about having a judge's review is that the government will have to come up with some kind of evidence,\" said Cooper. \"If we put forth evidence that he's a good kid and has a mom, ORR or ICE will have to come up with something that shows he's [a flight risk or a danger]. It will give a greater level of transparency.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past five years, more than 200,000 migrant children traveling without their parents have been detained at the U.S.-Mexico border. Tens of thousands more have been picked up with a parent. Most are from El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala, and many report fleeing violence, as criminal gangs there operate with impunity and governments struggle to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of children detained by immigration authorities spend a month or so in an ORR shelter and are then placed with a relative or another sponsor while their case works its way through immigration court. But hundreds are placed in locked group homes or juvenile jails, as Pablo Aguilar was, and can be held for months or even years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 9th Circuit noted that even if an immigration judge determines a child is eligible for release, ORR must still identify a safe and secure placement into which the child can be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Thousands of children in immigration custody may petition a judge for freedom under a ruling this week by the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Children detained by immigration authorities have the right to a hearing before an immigration judge to consider their release, according to a federal appeals court in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2017/07/05/17-55208.pdf\">ruling \u003c/a>Wednesday by the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals will allow thousands of children to petition a judge to be released while they await their day in immigration court, just as most adults in immigration custody can do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important because we've seen children detained in excess of a year with no reason given for their detention,\" said Holly Cooper, an attorney for the plaintiffs and co-director of the Immigration Law Clinic at the UC Davis School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The appeals court found that a 1997 lawsuit settlement that set standards for immigration detention of minors is still in force -- including a provision that guarantees custody hearings -- in spite of two laws passed by Congress since then dealing with immigrant children who cross the border unaccompanied by a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'In the absence of such hearings, these children are held in bureaucratic limbo, left to rely upon the agency's alleged benevolence and opaque decision making.'\u003ccite>Judge Stephen Reinhardt\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/flores-v-meese-stipulated-settlement-agreement-plus-extension-settlement\">settlement\u003c/a>, \u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">known today as Flores v. Sessions (the case was Fl\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">ores v. Reno back in 1997), favors family reunification and says children should be placed \"in the least restrictive setting appropriate to the minor’s age and special needs.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A three-judge panel of the 9th Circuit rejected the federal government's argument that the more recent laws eliminated the right to a bond hearing under the Flores settlement because they didn't specifically mention such hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Without such hearings, these children have no meaningful forum in which to challenge ORR’s decisions regarding their detention or even to discover why those decisions have been made,\" wrote Judge Stephen Reinhardt for the court. He was referring to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.acf.hhs.gov/orr/programs/ucs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR)\u003c/a>, the agency charged with the care and placement of unaccompanied minors in immigration proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reinhardt went on: \"In the absence of such hearings, these children are held in bureaucratic limbo, left to rely upon the agency’s alleged benevolence and opaque decision making.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When adults in deportation proceedings are detained, they are held by Immigration and Customs Enforcement. But for the past 15 years, unaccompanied immigrant children are turned over to the ORR, which is part of the U.S. Health and Human Services agency. ORR officials have maintained that they alone have the authority to decide whether to release a child from custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper said she and other advocates decided to challenge that in court because they felt that vulnerable children -- some as young as 8 years old -- were being denied their rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In every other detention context we could find, the individual was given an immediate right to a hearing on the legality and necessity of their detention -- whether at Guantanamo, or someone mentally ill or a child,\" she said. \"This is a modest win, because all we've done is bring the kids up to the level of rights of every other detainee. If we had lost, it would've been a very dire blow.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision upholds a January ruling by U.S. District Court Judge Dolly M. Gee, based in Los Angeles. The federal government could decide to appeal, requesting review by either the full 9th Circuit or the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Justice Department is reviewing the Court’s ruling and considering next steps in the litigation,\" said department spokeswoman Nicole Navas Oxman in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The right to a bond hearing affords children the right to a lawyer, if they can find or pay for one (\u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/juvenile/\">fewer than half\u003c/a> of the kids in deportation proceedings have legal counsel). That's something kids in ORR custody have been denied, Cooper and other lawyers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With her students at the UC Davis Immigration Law Clinic, Cooper has represented several immigrant teenagers held at the Yolo County Juvenile Detention Facility. ORR has a contract with the county to detain up to 30 youths in the locked juvenile jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such teenager, Pablo Aguilar, spent 2½ years in immigration custody. In 2014 Aguilar fled a gang in El Salvador that had kidnapped, and probably killed, his brother. He came to the United States to seek asylum and reunite with his mother, who lives in Los Angeles. But despite finding his mother to be a fit parent, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/04/11/hundreds-of-migrant-teens-are-being-held-indefinitely-in-locked-detention/\">ORR would not release Pablo\u003c/a> and would not explain why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11553693\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11553693\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-800x742.jpg\" alt=\"Evelyn Aguilar holds up a photo of herself visiting with her son, Pablo, when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend, Mario, is in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"742\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-160x148.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-240x223.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-375x348.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/momAndPhoto-800x742-520x482.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pablo Aguilar's mother holds up a photo of herself visiting with Pablo when he was detained at a facility in Oregon in 2015. Her friend, Mario, is in the background. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"What will be nice about having a judge's review is that the government will have to come up with some kind of evidence,\" said Cooper. \"If we put forth evidence that he's a good kid and has a mom, ORR or ICE will have to come up with something that shows he's [a flight risk or a danger]. It will give a greater level of transparency.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past five years, more than 200,000 migrant children traveling without their parents have been detained at the U.S.-Mexico border. Tens of thousands more have been picked up with a parent. Most are from El Salvador, Honduras and Guatemala, and many report fleeing violence, as criminal gangs there operate with impunity and governments struggle to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of children detained by immigration authorities spend a month or so in an ORR shelter and are then placed with a relative or another sponsor while their case works its way through immigration court. But hundreds are placed in locked group homes or juvenile jails, as Pablo Aguilar was, and can be held for months or even years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 9th Circuit noted that even if an immigration judge determines a child is eligible for release, ORR must still identify a safe and secure placement into which the child can be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Vows Fight After House OKs Law to Punish Sanctuary Cities",
"title": "California Vows Fight After House OKs Law to Punish Sanctuary Cities",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Republicans in the House of Representatives pushed through two bills Thursday that would punish so-called \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/07/10/explainer-what-are-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sanctuary cities\u003c/a> and people who re-enter the country after being deported -- and would codify into law much of what President Trump has tried to do by \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/22/justice-department-narrows-scope-of-sanctuary-cities-executive-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not the measures -- one known as Kate's Law, after San Francisco murder victim Kate Steinle -- will be able to get through the Senate remains unclear. Plus, if the bills are signed into law, immigrant rights advocates say they will sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote came as California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/Multi-state%20FOIA%20Request%20to%20Federal%20Immigration%20Agencies%2006.29.17.pdf?\">joined nine other attorneys general\u003c/a> in asking the Trump administration to hand over information about its immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Seeking Immigration Information\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The group wants information about the administration's policies on immigration enforcement at sensitive places, including schools and hospitals. They're also asking for details on how the Department of Homeland Security is treating “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/6-things-to-know-about-trumps-reversal-on-dreamers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dreamers\u003c/a>” -- young people who came to the U.S. as minors and had been granted legal status by President Barack Obama -- and how many have been deported under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11539279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11539279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ccite>(Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The attorneys general also want to know details of a controversial program, which asks local jails to detain people for immigration authorities. Known as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/07/16/california-pushes-back-against-secure-communities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Secure Communities\u003c/a>, it was started under Bush and then expanded and later halted by Obama. The program has been ruled unconstitutional in some courts, and was revived by Trump earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mixed messages from the Trump Administration on immigration enforcement are sowing confusion and increasing anxiety among immigrants,” said Becerra in a written statement. “Today we ask the administration to tell us what it is doing in this area. It’s a simple request that will go a long way towards helping inform California’s residents about how policies have actually changed, and how changes affect their rights. I will continue to protect the people of our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Freedom of Information Act request comes one day after Becerra filed a brief in support of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/s-f-files-suit-against-trump-saying-punishing-sanctuary-cities-is-illegal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco's lawsuit against the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is challenging \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/27/attorney-general-threatens-to-withhold-funds-from-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an executive order\u003c/a> that the president issued shortly after taking office, which sought to withhold federal funds from local governments refusing to use their law enforcement officers in federal immigration enforcement. That executive order \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/25/federal-judge-blocks-trump-order-on-sanctuary-city-funding/\">was put on hold\u003c/a> by a San Francisco judge in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of what was in the executive order is mirrored by the legislation passed by the House of Representatives on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>New Legislation Tackles Old Fights\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_028_xml.pdf\">legislation\u003c/a>, by Republicans Bob Goodlatte of Virginia, Steve King of Iowa and Andy Biggs of Arizona, prohibits governments from restricting cooperation with federal immigration enforcement and declares those that do will be ineligible for three law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also attempts to address some of the issues the Obama administration ran into with the Secure Communities program, which asked local sheriffs to keep people who were suspected of being in the country illegally in their jails until Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials picked them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many cities, including San Francisco, refused to comply with the so-called ICE detainers, saying they could not be forced to enforce federal immigration laws. Others balked after courts ruled, in response to lawsuits against sheriffs, that prolonged detentions based on the detainers violated the Fourth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new legislation says a detainer amounts to probable cause if the Department of Homeland Security secretary has “reasonable grounds to believe” they are deportable, if they are the subject of current deportation proceedings or have been previously deported, or if the person has made statements that they are deportable. It also gives local jurisdictions legal immunity if they comply with detainers. And, it lets families sue cities and counties if they declined to honor a detainer and the person released later harmed someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, the lack of immigration enforcement and the spread of dangerous sanctuary policies have failed the American people and cost too many lives,\" said Goodlatte in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_029_xml.pdf\">second bill\u003c/a> imposes longer prison sentences on people who are deported and then re-enter the U.S. It is named for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/08/s-f-waterfront-shooting-elicits-strong-responses-from-politicians/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kate Steinle\u003c/a>, who was walking along the San Francisco waterfront in 2015 when she was hit by gunfire and killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities arrested Juan Francisco Lopez, an undocumented immigrant who had recently been released from San Francisco jail and had previously been deported five times, in Steinle's shooting death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10590607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-e1436211867292.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10590607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1. \u003ccite>(Susan Cohen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/06/29/the-story-behind-kates-law-and-how-it-could-change-immigration-policies-in-the-u-s/?utm_term=.9d6086fdb156\">second attempt for supporters of Kate's Law\u003c/a> -- a similar bill passed the House in 2015 but failed in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Chan, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus who has worked on Secure Communities issues for years, said she believes many of the provisions in the legislation aimed at punishing sanctuary cities would not stand up in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The basic \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem is that ICE detainers are not based on probable cause; they are not signed by a judge,\" she said. \"No matte\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">r how Congress defines probable cause ... there are still basic Fourth Amendment issues with these detainers.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fourth Amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures. But Chan said there's another constitutional problem with the legislation: The 10th Amendment, which ensures states' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are trying to coerce local governments into enforcing federal immigration law, and the 10th Amendment was written to ensure states are not commandeered by the federal government,\" she said. \"If the Senate does pass this, and I don't think that's likely, there are certainly good reasons to litigate it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan also argued that \"Kate's Law\" won't make anyone safer -- it will only benefit private prison companies, who have contracts with the federal government for immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Rep. David Valadao, a Republican who represents Kings County in Congress, had a different take. He said in a statement that the bills are steps toward fixing a \"broken\" immigration system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\"Since coming to Congress, I have been a vocal advocate of reforming every aspect of our broken immigration system, including implementing reforms to ensure undocumented immigrants who have committed violent crimes are not allowed to return to the United States,\" he said. \"By enhancing penalties for deported felons, we can prevent these needless crimes from ever taking place.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Republicans in the House of Representatives pushed through two bills Thursday that would punish so-called \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/07/10/explainer-what-are-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sanctuary cities\u003c/a> and people who re-enter the country after being deported -- and would codify into law much of what President Trump has tried to do by \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/22/justice-department-narrows-scope-of-sanctuary-cities-executive-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not the measures -- one known as Kate's Law, after San Francisco murder victim Kate Steinle -- will be able to get through the Senate remains unclear. Plus, if the bills are signed into law, immigrant rights advocates say they will sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote came as California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/Multi-state%20FOIA%20Request%20to%20Federal%20Immigration%20Agencies%2006.29.17.pdf?\">joined nine other attorneys general\u003c/a> in asking the Trump administration to hand over information about its immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Seeking Immigration Information\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The group wants information about the administration's policies on immigration enforcement at sensitive places, including schools and hospitals. They're also asking for details on how the Department of Homeland Security is treating “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/6-things-to-know-about-trumps-reversal-on-dreamers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dreamers\u003c/a>” -- young people who came to the U.S. as minors and had been granted legal status by President Barack Obama -- and how many have been deported under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11539279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11539279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ccite>(Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The attorneys general also want to know details of a controversial program, which asks local jails to detain people for immigration authorities. Known as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/07/16/california-pushes-back-against-secure-communities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Secure Communities\u003c/a>, it was started under Bush and then expanded and later halted by Obama. The program has been ruled unconstitutional in some courts, and was revived by Trump earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mixed messages from the Trump Administration on immigration enforcement are sowing confusion and increasing anxiety among immigrants,” said Becerra in a written statement. “Today we ask the administration to tell us what it is doing in this area. It’s a simple request that will go a long way towards helping inform California’s residents about how policies have actually changed, and how changes affect their rights. I will continue to protect the people of our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Freedom of Information Act request comes one day after Becerra filed a brief in support of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/s-f-files-suit-against-trump-saying-punishing-sanctuary-cities-is-illegal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco's lawsuit against the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is challenging \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/27/attorney-general-threatens-to-withhold-funds-from-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an executive order\u003c/a> that the president issued shortly after taking office, which sought to withhold federal funds from local governments refusing to use their law enforcement officers in federal immigration enforcement. That executive order \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/25/federal-judge-blocks-trump-order-on-sanctuary-city-funding/\">was put on hold\u003c/a> by a San Francisco judge in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of what was in the executive order is mirrored by the legislation passed by the House of Representatives on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>New Legislation Tackles Old Fights\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_028_xml.pdf\">legislation\u003c/a>, by Republicans Bob Goodlatte of Virginia, Steve King of Iowa and Andy Biggs of Arizona, prohibits governments from restricting cooperation with federal immigration enforcement and declares those that do will be ineligible for three law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also attempts to address some of the issues the Obama administration ran into with the Secure Communities program, which asked local sheriffs to keep people who were suspected of being in the country illegally in their jails until Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials picked them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many cities, including San Francisco, refused to comply with the so-called ICE detainers, saying they could not be forced to enforce federal immigration laws. Others balked after courts ruled, in response to lawsuits against sheriffs, that prolonged detentions based on the detainers violated the Fourth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new legislation says a detainer amounts to probable cause if the Department of Homeland Security secretary has “reasonable grounds to believe” they are deportable, if they are the subject of current deportation proceedings or have been previously deported, or if the person has made statements that they are deportable. It also gives local jurisdictions legal immunity if they comply with detainers. And, it lets families sue cities and counties if they declined to honor a detainer and the person released later harmed someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, the lack of immigration enforcement and the spread of dangerous sanctuary policies have failed the American people and cost too many lives,\" said Goodlatte in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_029_xml.pdf\">second bill\u003c/a> imposes longer prison sentences on people who are deported and then re-enter the U.S. It is named for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/08/s-f-waterfront-shooting-elicits-strong-responses-from-politicians/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kate Steinle\u003c/a>, who was walking along the San Francisco waterfront in 2015 when she was hit by gunfire and killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities arrested Juan Francisco Lopez, an undocumented immigrant who had recently been released from San Francisco jail and had previously been deported five times, in Steinle's shooting death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10590607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-e1436211867292.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10590607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1. \u003ccite>(Susan Cohen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/06/29/the-story-behind-kates-law-and-how-it-could-change-immigration-policies-in-the-u-s/?utm_term=.9d6086fdb156\">second attempt for supporters of Kate's Law\u003c/a> -- a similar bill passed the House in 2015 but failed in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Chan, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus who has worked on Secure Communities issues for years, said she believes many of the provisions in the legislation aimed at punishing sanctuary cities would not stand up in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The basic \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem is that ICE detainers are not based on probable cause; they are not signed by a judge,\" she said. \"No matte\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">r how Congress defines probable cause ... there are still basic Fourth Amendment issues with these detainers.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fourth Amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures. But Chan said there's another constitutional problem with the legislation: The 10th Amendment, which ensures states' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are trying to coerce local governments into enforcing federal immigration law, and the 10th Amendment was written to ensure states are not commandeered by the federal government,\" she said. \"If the Senate does pass this, and I don't think that's likely, there are certainly good reasons to litigate it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan also argued that \"Kate's Law\" won't make anyone safer -- it will only benefit private prison companies, who have contracts with the federal government for immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Rep. David Valadao, a Republican who represents Kings County in Congress, had a different take. He said in a statement that the bills are steps toward fixing a \"broken\" immigration system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\"Since coming to Congress, I have been a vocal advocate of reforming every aspect of our broken immigration system, including implementing reforms to ensure undocumented immigrants who have committed violent crimes are not allowed to return to the United States,\" he said. \"By enhancing penalties for deported felons, we can prevent these needless crimes from ever taking place.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "U.S. Supreme Court Will Hear California Immigrant Detention Case Again",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Monday ordered a rehearing of a case that set limits on how long the federal government can detain immigrants facing deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that they ordered re-argument implies that the eight justices that did hear the argument were split 4-4,” said Stephen Yale-Loehr, an immigration law professor at Cornell University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Re-argument gives newly installed Justice Neil Gorsuch the benefit of hearing oral arguments when he makes his decision in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final ruling could significantly impact the Trump administration’s plan to detain and deport millions more people suspected of being in the United States without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"C7XEB8HtoK039PeDQobeZLanxe2CRZxz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case, Jennings v. Rodriguez, challenged a 2013 ruling by a federal court in California that requires immigration authorities to release immigrants from detention after six months unless the government can show that the person is a danger to others or a flight risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency detains roughly 400,000 immigrants a year, according to the Department of Homeland Security -- roughly 40,000 people on any given day. Those who challenge their deportation typically stay locked up for months, even years, awaiting a court decision on whether they may stay in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The named plaintiff in the class-action case, Alejandro Rodriguez, spent three years in ICE detention without a hearing for his release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the ACLU of Southern California, there are roughly 8,000 detainees on any given day who, like Rodriguez, have been detained for longer than six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group includes legal permanent residents who are subject to deportation because they’ve been convicted of a range of crimes, and asylum seekers who have met the government’s initial criteria for protection from persecution. Both groups are subject to mandatory detention while they fight deportation in immigration court, but an immigration judge can order ICE to release detainees who pose little risk to public safety and have strong ties to their communities that make them a low flight risk. Typically, the judge will release the detainee on bond or on their own recognizance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11533422\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11533422\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"An immigrant detainee looks out from his 'segregation cell' at California's Adelanto Detention Facility.\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-800x544.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-1020x693.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-1180x802.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-960x653.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-240x163.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-375x255.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An immigrant detainee looks out from his 'segregation cell' at California's Adelanto Detention Facility. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2014, a U.S. district judge in the Central District of California ruled in favor of the ACLU and required the government to hold a release hearing every six months, even for detainees who had been subject to mandatory detention. That decision was upheld in 2015 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which heard \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/01/supreme-court-debates-detained-immigrants-right-to-hearing/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oral arguments on the case\u003c/a> in November 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine Western states and two Pacific Islands in the 9th Circuit's jurisdiction are currently required to provide bond hearings every six months. Most other states have no specific timetable for holding release proceedings for immigrant detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have a decision today,” said Cornell immigration law professor Yale-Loehr. “Unfortunately, that means immigrants will continue to remain in detention until the Supreme Court's ultimate decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"TgA1ssDZIVu4CLSNUxy2DRYoT73yauww\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A national standard setting limits on immigration detention could significantly thwart the Trump administration’s plan to end bond releases in all but the most extreme cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Rodriguez ruling merely established a right to a hearing every six months -- not a guaranteed release -- it shifted the burden of proof from the detainee to the government: Now immigration officials must provide evidence that the detainee is a threat to public safety, or likely to flee, in order to keep a person locked up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secretary of Homeland Security sought to end bond releases for immigrants subject to mandatory detention as part of stepped-up enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent \u003ca href=\"///Users/juliesmall/Documents/DHS%20memo%20on%20EO%2020170125.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">memo\u003c/a>, Secretary John Kelly ordered ICE agents to keep people facing deportation locked up until they receive a final court decision on whether they are allowed to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly also asked Congress for \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/05/25/written-testimony-dhs-secretary-kelly-senate-appropriations-subcommittee-homeland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$7.5 billion\u003c/a> in discretionary funding for ICE in fiscal year 2018, in part to expand the number of detention beds for immigrants to 51,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the justices ultimately strike down the decision, immigrants detained in California and the other 9th Circuit states could lose what advocates consider a key constitutional right -- protection from prolonged or arbitrary detention.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court on Monday ordered a rehearing of a case that set limits on how long the federal government can detain immigrants facing deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that they ordered re-argument implies that the eight justices that did hear the argument were split 4-4,” said Stephen Yale-Loehr, an immigration law professor at Cornell University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Re-argument gives newly installed Justice Neil Gorsuch the benefit of hearing oral arguments when he makes his decision in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final ruling could significantly impact the Trump administration’s plan to detain and deport millions more people suspected of being in the United States without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case, Jennings v. Rodriguez, challenged a 2013 ruling by a federal court in California that requires immigration authorities to release immigrants from detention after six months unless the government can show that the person is a danger to others or a flight risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency detains roughly 400,000 immigrants a year, according to the Department of Homeland Security -- roughly 40,000 people on any given day. Those who challenge their deportation typically stay locked up for months, even years, awaiting a court decision on whether they may stay in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The named plaintiff in the class-action case, Alejandro Rodriguez, spent three years in ICE detention without a hearing for his release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the ACLU of Southern California, there are roughly 8,000 detainees on any given day who, like Rodriguez, have been detained for longer than six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group includes legal permanent residents who are subject to deportation because they’ve been convicted of a range of crimes, and asylum seekers who have met the government’s initial criteria for protection from persecution. Both groups are subject to mandatory detention while they fight deportation in immigration court, but an immigration judge can order ICE to release detainees who pose little risk to public safety and have strong ties to their communities that make them a low flight risk. Typically, the judge will release the detainee on bond or on their own recognizance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11533422\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11533422\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"An immigrant detainee looks out from his 'segregation cell' at California's Adelanto Detention Facility.\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-800x544.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-1020x693.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-1180x802.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-960x653.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-240x163.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-375x255.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/AdelantoCell-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An immigrant detainee looks out from his 'segregation cell' at California's Adelanto Detention Facility. \u003ccite>(John Moore/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2014, a U.S. district judge in the Central District of California ruled in favor of the ACLU and required the government to hold a release hearing every six months, even for detainees who had been subject to mandatory detention. That decision was upheld in 2015 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which heard \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/01/supreme-court-debates-detained-immigrants-right-to-hearing/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oral arguments on the case\u003c/a> in November 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nine Western states and two Pacific Islands in the 9th Circuit's jurisdiction are currently required to provide bond hearings every six months. Most other states have no specific timetable for holding release proceedings for immigrant detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have a decision today,” said Cornell immigration law professor Yale-Loehr. “Unfortunately, that means immigrants will continue to remain in detention until the Supreme Court's ultimate decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A national standard setting limits on immigration detention could significantly thwart the Trump administration’s plan to end bond releases in all but the most extreme cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Rodriguez ruling merely established a right to a hearing every six months -- not a guaranteed release -- it shifted the burden of proof from the detainee to the government: Now immigration officials must provide evidence that the detainee is a threat to public safety, or likely to flee, in order to keep a person locked up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secretary of Homeland Security sought to end bond releases for immigrants subject to mandatory detention as part of stepped-up enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent \u003ca href=\"///Users/juliesmall/Documents/DHS%20memo%20on%20EO%2020170125.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">memo\u003c/a>, Secretary John Kelly ordered ICE agents to keep people facing deportation locked up until they receive a final court decision on whether they are allowed to stay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly also asked Congress for \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/05/25/written-testimony-dhs-secretary-kelly-senate-appropriations-subcommittee-homeland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$7.5 billion\u003c/a> in discretionary funding for ICE in fiscal year 2018, in part to expand the number of detention beds for immigrants to 51,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the justices ultimately strike down the decision, immigrants detained in California and the other 9th Circuit states could lose what advocates consider a key constitutional right -- protection from prolonged or arbitrary detention.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'When You're Undocumented and Asian, You're Invisible'",
"title": "'When You're Undocumented and Asian, You're Invisible'",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of \u003ca href=\"http://annenberg.usc.edu/news/students/usc-annenberg-student-journalists-kqeds-california-report-publish-joint-investigation\">“At Risk in the Trump Era,\u003c/a>” a four-month investigation by USC Annenberg advanced radio students, exploring how vulnerable communities across Southern California react to the first months of Donald Trump’s presidency. The series profiles individuals burdened by new worries — looking for work, signing up for school, or even deciding whether to publicly express their sexual orientation or religious affiliation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Stefanie De Leon Tzic brings us a story about Alvin, a young Indonesian Dreamer. He says being Asian and undocumented has been one of the most isolating experiences of his life. He asked us to use only his first name to avoid putting his parents at risk.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colorful Hot Wheels collector cars, some in their original packaging, are scattered around Alvin's room. On his desk, a matchbox display case with his favorites -- hot rods, coups and convertibles. But none compare to his most valuable possession, the Nissan 240SX -- his real car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvin has always loved cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was a kid, I didn’t even play with, like, action figures or anything. The only toys I touched were toys that had wheels with them,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"sv5tHx4dvStSKXnxcydCX7FQZIA22zIo\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, he couldn’t drive his car without the constant fear of getting pulled over, getting his car taken away, or even getting deported. That’s because Alvin is an undocumented Dreamer. He has temporary protection from deportation under President Obama’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/12/dreamer-sees-path-to-escape-immigration-limbo/\">sent mixed signals\u003c/a> about Dreamers, and Alvin worries his protection could be taken away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not having Deferred Action is like a roadblock for me to even want to drive a car because I don’t want to get in trouble with the cops,” says Alvin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11478935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11478935\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-800x515.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-800x515.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-1020x656.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-1180x759.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-960x618.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A display of Hot Wheels toy cars from Alvin's collection. He says that from a young age, his only toys were ones that had wheels. \u003ccite>(Stefanie De Leon Tzic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His parents brought him to the U.S. from Indonesia when he was 2. The family overstayed their tourist visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wanted to escape the poverty that surrounded them back home. Alvin’s dad also wanted to leave the toxic environment he grew up in. He was physically abused by his parents for most of his life. Alvin says his dad sometimes has flashbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When his parents first arrived, they didn’t know anyone. Just a faraway “friend of a friend” who owned a restaurant in Los Angeles and was also Indonesian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually lived at the restaurant for about three months. My parents worked at the restaurant during business hours and at night we would go up to the attic and sleep,” recalls Alvin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the family lived in the shadows. His parents kept their heads down and worked to put Alvin through school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11479005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11479005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alvin poses in front of his car, a Nissan 240SX. He's dreamed about owning one ever since he was a child. DACA allows him drive his car without the fear of getting pulled over and getting deported. \u003ccite>(Stefanie De Leon Tzic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Alvin was in high school, he began looking for legal help so the family could try to adjust their immigration status. He says it was hard to find resources for undocumented immigrants who weren’t Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go to lawyers and they’re all like, ‘Oh yeah, we have this support system for you and especially we can cater to you if you speak Spanish.’ What about us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorneys told him there was nothing his family could do. They didn’t have any family members that could petition for their residency. Even if they did, waiting for a visa could take decades. Just like for immigrants from Mexico. But Alvin didn't feel like he could connect with the Latino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked especially because, like, you go through all these struggles, and you can’t really feel like you identify with other folks who also go through that struggle, so you just kind of, like, stay in your own pocket of [the] world,” he says. “It’s like you’re a double minority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11478940\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11478940\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-800x475.jpg\" alt=\"One of many Hot Wheels toy cars from Alvin’s collection sits on his desk at work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-800x475.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-160x95.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-1020x606.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-1180x701.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-960x571.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-240x143.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-375x223.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-520x309.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car.jpg 1770w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of many Hot Wheels toy cars from Alvin’s collection sits on his desk at work. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alvin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But DACA changed his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be real, it probably has been the biggest life-changer for me,\" says Alvin. \"It's not just a work permit. It's literally the freedom of being able to go out there and do [things] without being scared to get caught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"cWuVQTPHAusjFnxQVhsm70J3GMA9bJBC\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in his late 20s, Alvin works as an accountant for a car company and is the sole provider for his family. He says his aging parents have a hard time doing manual labor in restaurants anymore. But he also doesn’t want them to risk a workplace immigration raid now that Trump is in office. DACA protects only him from deportation. Not his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Trump’s inauguration, he took his parents to a “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/27/know-your-rights-immigrants-prepare-for-increased-enforcement/\">Know Your Rights\u003c/a>\" forum to prepare for what to do in case ICE agents show up at their house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for Alvin to imagine what would happen if he and his parents were to get deported. He doesn’t feel like Indonesia is home, and he doesn’t want his dad to go back to the environment where he experienced such trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, he finds comfort in car culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hangs out at an auto body shop, tinkering with his car. Most of his buddies there are African-American. When he's around them, he can forget about his immigration woes. Even if it’s just for a moment. Because being undocumented is just one part of who he is.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of \u003ca href=\"http://annenberg.usc.edu/news/students/usc-annenberg-student-journalists-kqeds-california-report-publish-joint-investigation\">“At Risk in the Trump Era,\u003c/a>” a four-month investigation by USC Annenberg advanced radio students, exploring how vulnerable communities across Southern California react to the first months of Donald Trump’s presidency. The series profiles individuals burdened by new worries — looking for work, signing up for school, or even deciding whether to publicly express their sexual orientation or religious affiliation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Stefanie De Leon Tzic brings us a story about Alvin, a young Indonesian Dreamer. He says being Asian and undocumented has been one of the most isolating experiences of his life. He asked us to use only his first name to avoid putting his parents at risk.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colorful Hot Wheels collector cars, some in their original packaging, are scattered around Alvin's room. On his desk, a matchbox display case with his favorites -- hot rods, coups and convertibles. But none compare to his most valuable possession, the Nissan 240SX -- his real car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvin has always loved cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was a kid, I didn’t even play with, like, action figures or anything. The only toys I touched were toys that had wheels with them,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, he couldn’t drive his car without the constant fear of getting pulled over, getting his car taken away, or even getting deported. That’s because Alvin is an undocumented Dreamer. He has temporary protection from deportation under President Obama’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/consideration-deferred-action-childhood-arrivals-daca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/12/dreamer-sees-path-to-escape-immigration-limbo/\">sent mixed signals\u003c/a> about Dreamers, and Alvin worries his protection could be taken away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not having Deferred Action is like a roadblock for me to even want to drive a car because I don’t want to get in trouble with the cops,” says Alvin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11478935\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11478935\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-800x515.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"515\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-800x515.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-160x103.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-1020x656.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-1180x759.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-960x618.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-240x154.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-375x241.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Collector-Cars-520x334.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A display of Hot Wheels toy cars from Alvin's collection. He says that from a young age, his only toys were ones that had wheels. \u003ccite>(Stefanie De Leon Tzic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>His parents brought him to the U.S. from Indonesia when he was 2. The family overstayed their tourist visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They wanted to escape the poverty that surrounded them back home. Alvin’s dad also wanted to leave the toxic environment he grew up in. He was physically abused by his parents for most of his life. Alvin says his dad sometimes has flashbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When his parents first arrived, they didn’t know anyone. Just a faraway “friend of a friend” who owned a restaurant in Los Angeles and was also Indonesian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually lived at the restaurant for about three months. My parents worked at the restaurant during business hours and at night we would go up to the attic and sleep,” recalls Alvin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the family lived in the shadows. His parents kept their heads down and worked to put Alvin through school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11479005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11479005\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Alvin-Outside-Car-Blur-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alvin poses in front of his car, a Nissan 240SX. He's dreamed about owning one ever since he was a child. DACA allows him drive his car without the fear of getting pulled over and getting deported. \u003ccite>(Stefanie De Leon Tzic)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Alvin was in high school, he began looking for legal help so the family could try to adjust their immigration status. He says it was hard to find resources for undocumented immigrants who weren’t Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You go to lawyers and they’re all like, ‘Oh yeah, we have this support system for you and especially we can cater to you if you speak Spanish.’ What about us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attorneys told him there was nothing his family could do. They didn’t have any family members that could petition for their residency. Even if they did, waiting for a visa could take decades. Just like for immigrants from Mexico. But Alvin didn't feel like he could connect with the Latino community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It sucked especially because, like, you go through all these struggles, and you can’t really feel like you identify with other folks who also go through that struggle, so you just kind of, like, stay in your own pocket of [the] world,” he says. “It’s like you’re a double minority.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11478940\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11478940\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-800x475.jpg\" alt=\"One of many Hot Wheels toy cars from Alvin’s collection sits on his desk at work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-800x475.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-160x95.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-1020x606.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-1180x701.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-960x571.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-240x143.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-375x223.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car-520x309.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/Hot-Wheels-Car.jpg 1770w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of many Hot Wheels toy cars from Alvin’s collection sits on his desk at work. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alvin)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But DACA changed his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be real, it probably has been the biggest life-changer for me,\" says Alvin. \"It's not just a work permit. It's literally the freedom of being able to go out there and do [things] without being scared to get caught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now in his late 20s, Alvin works as an accountant for a car company and is the sole provider for his family. He says his aging parents have a hard time doing manual labor in restaurants anymore. But he also doesn’t want them to risk a workplace immigration raid now that Trump is in office. DACA protects only him from deportation. Not his parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Trump’s inauguration, he took his parents to a “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/27/know-your-rights-immigrants-prepare-for-increased-enforcement/\">Know Your Rights\u003c/a>\" forum to prepare for what to do in case ICE agents show up at their house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s hard for Alvin to imagine what would happen if he and his parents were to get deported. He doesn’t feel like Indonesia is home, and he doesn’t want his dad to go back to the environment where he experienced such trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, he finds comfort in car culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hangs out at an auto body shop, tinkering with his car. Most of his buddies there are African-American. When he's around them, he can forget about his immigration woes. Even if it’s just for a moment. Because being undocumented is just one part of who he is.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For decades Contra Costa County has worked with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to hold immigrant detainees in a county jail in Richmond. But now new legislation could change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county currently leases beds at its West County Jail to ICE to detain undocumented immigrants under a contract that funnels about $6 million to the county, according to Contra Costa County Sheriff David Livingston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a state bill making its way through the California Legislature, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/13/california-debates-whether-to-become-a-sanctuary-state/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, would end all ICE contracts and bar local law enforcement from communicating and cooperating with federal immigration authorities, except in rare cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Livingston called SB 54 \"a disaster,\" saying it would hamper law enforcement efforts. “We couldn't share basic information about human trafficking or other cases with ICE unless the individual has a prior conviction for a serious or violent felony,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11466909\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11466909\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters criticize Immigration and Customs Enforcement at a rally in Oakland, April 5, 2017 \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County’s contract with federal immigration authorities has drawn a steady stream of criticism and protests from advocates and family members of detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the Trump administration ramping up immigration enforcement, California state lawmakers have drafted several bills aiming to restrict the federal government's ability to enforce its immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill proposed by state Sen. Nancy Skinner (D-Berkeley), \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 630\u003c/a>, would bar jails from using state funds for expansions as long as they also house federal prisoners, including immigrant detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner's bill raises the stakes for counties like Contra Costa, which is currently competing for a $70 million grant to add 400 beds to its Richmond facility. On Wednesday, the Board of State and Community Corrections put Contra Costa County’s proposal -- which would include space for rehabilitation facilities -- at the top of its short list of recommended grant recipients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We desperately need a new mental health and re-entry building in West County Jail,” Livingston said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CABSCC/status/864909829948678144\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Skinner's bill passes, Livingston says the choice is clear: He would cancel the county's ICE contract to stay in the running for jail expansion funds. Still, he would prefer to maintain both funding sources, as they are allocated to different needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/kqed-newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Newsroom\u003c/a>, Sheriff Livingston discussed in detail the county’s policies and interactions with ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Interview Transcript\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: This transcript has been edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Thuy Vu:\u003c/strong> Contra Costa has a contract with ICE -- Immigration and Customs Enforcement -- to house federal detainees at your jail in Richmond. How long have you had this contract, and why did you agree to it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sheriff David Livingston:\u003c/strong> The contract actually began back in 1992 with the U.S. Marshals Service. More recently ICE has asked to also use that contract to hold some of their detainees in our facility, which is important to know is a dormitory-style building in West County. It is intended specifically for that type of population. They actually have keys to their own cell doors. It's minimum to low security and it's extra bed space. So we thought it prudent to go ahead and rent those spaces to ICE, generate revenue and reduce the operating costs to the taxpayers of Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> How much revenue do you get from it a year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Typically it's about $6 million a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> And how many detainees on a given day, a given month?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Our average is about 200 a day, although that moves day to day by as many as 10 or 20 in either direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> So on any given day, most people in your jail are there for reasons unrelated to immigration. They may be awaiting trial. They're serving time for other crimes. But in this country all inmates have their fingerprints sent to the FBI database. So once federal immigration authorities figure out that some of the folks you have there are undocumented, what do they want you to do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> So essentially anyone that's booked into my jail and for Contra Costa -- of course, we don't have a choice who comes in the facility -- everyone is booked into one of our jails. Those fingerprints are automatically sent to Homeland Security and to FBI. It's at that time that ICE determines that they may want to interview one of the persons recently arrested in my facility, for example, and they notify us that they'd like to talk to that person. Formerly they might put in a request for a hold. Holds are no longer allowed in California. We don't honor holds. If that person is subject to being released at a certain time we release them at that time. If ICE is present to interview them, we’ll allow the interview to occur. Otherwise, that person is released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> Do you ever proactively contact ICE to let them know that someone is about to be released?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> If there is a particular individual that has come to our attention as a violent offender or a serious offender or who self-discloses that they may be subject to ICE investigation, we’ll notify ICE that they may be interested in this person. But that doesn't happen very often. ICE typically knows who they want to interview. And by the way, when they come in to do that interview, in many cases, they do not remove the person into their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> You know, a lot of people take issue with that, though. You've had a number of protests at your facility. People who feel it's wrong for you to do this, wrong for you to proactively contact ICE. How do you respond to that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Well, it's a relatively small group of people. It's somewhere between 30 and 50 that appear pretty regularly to protest. My obligation as sheriff for Contra Costa County is to provide public safety to the entire county -- that's 1.1 million people. So we focus on what's best, in our view, in providing public safety to everyone, not just particular special interest groups. And we already have a policy that I have signed off on that says we will do no immigration enforcement at all for our deputies on the street. This is really about the back end when someone who is already here, undocumented, has committed a new crime and now finds himself in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> Several cities throughout California have declared themselves sanctuary cities and now there's a bill, SB 54, a state bill that would make all of California a sanctuary state and prohibit law enforcement agencies like yours from cooperating with federal immigration agents. Where do you stand on SB 54?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> I, like nearly all of my colleagues in California and the State Sheriffs’ Association, are absolutely opposed to that bill. We think it's a disaster. It's the first time that we have heard of where the state government is trying to tell us who we can talk to and who we can’t talk to among other law enforcement agencies. It would hamper our efforts in a very demonstrable way. We couldn't share basic information about human trafficking or other cases with ICE unless the individual has a prior conviction for a serious or violent felony. And so putting those kinds of restrictions on our access to our federal colleagues and partners can be very damaging to public safety. We oppose it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> Supporters of the bill, though, say that the flip side of this is that there would be damage to public safety from another angle, and that is, it would make undocumented immigrants so fearful of deportation that they would be less willing to cooperate with you and other law enforcement agencies, less willing to report crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Well, we want everyone to feel comfortable coming to their local law enforcement agency or the sheriff's office to report a crime, of course, either to report a crime as a victim or a witness. We work in communities now, North Richmond, for example, where we already encounter those types of issues and it's very difficult to get people to come forward to work with us reporting crimes so ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> But wouldn’t those issues be exacerbated, though, if you keep on opposing this sanctuary bill?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> I don't believe so. In fact, if we have a situation where ICE has to go now into the community to take someone into custody who may be facing a felony or a very serious charge, when they could have had that interview conducted in the safety and security of a custodial facility, that's putting more people at risk. So we believe at least working with ICE to the extent that they can conduct an interview makes sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> You're currently seeking $95 million to expand the West County facility. State Sen. Nancy Skinner of Berkeley has a bill that essentially bars state funds from being used for jail expansions in counties that hold ICE detainees. So you're seeking of this $95 million in funds could be in jeopardy if this bill passes. Your thoughts on Sen. Skinner's bill?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> I think Sen. Skinner has moved the goalposts in the middle of the game. We applied in good faith for those funds to build a re-entry facility that will help those that need it most in our custody -- mental health treatment, substance abuse treatment. That's what this is about. It's a $70 billion grant with matching funds that the county would come up with. The grants will be awarded as early as next week. It's a very competitive grant and we've had this contract with ICE for many, many years. So to now say, well, if you received the grant funds you're not going to be able to have contracts with any federal agency, I think is just patently unfair and it's inappropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> All right, Sheriff David Livingston of Contra Costa County, thank you so much for being here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sheraz Sadiq, Julie Small and Lisa Pickoff-White contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For decades Contra Costa County has worked with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to hold immigrant detainees in a county jail in Richmond. But now new legislation could change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county currently leases beds at its West County Jail to ICE to detain undocumented immigrants under a contract that funnels about $6 million to the county, according to Contra Costa County Sheriff David Livingston.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a state bill making its way through the California Legislature, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/13/california-debates-whether-to-become-a-sanctuary-state/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, would end all ICE contracts and bar local law enforcement from communicating and cooperating with federal immigration authorities, except in rare cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Livingston called SB 54 \"a disaster,\" saying it would hamper law enforcement efforts. “We couldn't share basic information about human trafficking or other cases with ICE unless the individual has a prior conviction for a serious or violent felony,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11466909\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11466909\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/RS24870_20170405_OaklandImmigrationRally_Credit_BertJohnson-10-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters criticize Immigration and Customs Enforcement at a rally in Oakland, April 5, 2017 \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County’s contract with federal immigration authorities has drawn a steady stream of criticism and protests from advocates and family members of detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the Trump administration ramping up immigration enforcement, California state lawmakers have drafted several bills aiming to restrict the federal government's ability to enforce its immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill proposed by state Sen. Nancy Skinner (D-Berkeley), \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 630\u003c/a>, would bar jails from using state funds for expansions as long as they also house federal prisoners, including immigrant detainees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skinner's bill raises the stakes for counties like Contra Costa, which is currently competing for a $70 million grant to add 400 beds to its Richmond facility. On Wednesday, the Board of State and Community Corrections put Contra Costa County’s proposal -- which would include space for rehabilitation facilities -- at the top of its short list of recommended grant recipients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We desperately need a new mental health and re-entry building in West County Jail,” Livingston said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>If Skinner's bill passes, Livingston says the choice is clear: He would cancel the county's ICE contract to stay in the running for jail expansion funds. Still, he would prefer to maintain both funding sources, as they are allocated to different needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/kqed-newsroom/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Newsroom\u003c/a>, Sheriff Livingston discussed in detail the county’s policies and interactions with ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Interview Transcript\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s note: This transcript has been edited for clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Thuy Vu:\u003c/strong> Contra Costa has a contract with ICE -- Immigration and Customs Enforcement -- to house federal detainees at your jail in Richmond. How long have you had this contract, and why did you agree to it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sheriff David Livingston:\u003c/strong> The contract actually began back in 1992 with the U.S. Marshals Service. More recently ICE has asked to also use that contract to hold some of their detainees in our facility, which is important to know is a dormitory-style building in West County. It is intended specifically for that type of population. They actually have keys to their own cell doors. It's minimum to low security and it's extra bed space. So we thought it prudent to go ahead and rent those spaces to ICE, generate revenue and reduce the operating costs to the taxpayers of Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> How much revenue do you get from it a year?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Typically it's about $6 million a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> And how many detainees on a given day, a given month?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Our average is about 200 a day, although that moves day to day by as many as 10 or 20 in either direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> So on any given day, most people in your jail are there for reasons unrelated to immigration. They may be awaiting trial. They're serving time for other crimes. But in this country all inmates have their fingerprints sent to the FBI database. So once federal immigration authorities figure out that some of the folks you have there are undocumented, what do they want you to do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> So essentially anyone that's booked into my jail and for Contra Costa -- of course, we don't have a choice who comes in the facility -- everyone is booked into one of our jails. Those fingerprints are automatically sent to Homeland Security and to FBI. It's at that time that ICE determines that they may want to interview one of the persons recently arrested in my facility, for example, and they notify us that they'd like to talk to that person. Formerly they might put in a request for a hold. Holds are no longer allowed in California. We don't honor holds. If that person is subject to being released at a certain time we release them at that time. If ICE is present to interview them, we’ll allow the interview to occur. Otherwise, that person is released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> Do you ever proactively contact ICE to let them know that someone is about to be released?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> If there is a particular individual that has come to our attention as a violent offender or a serious offender or who self-discloses that they may be subject to ICE investigation, we’ll notify ICE that they may be interested in this person. But that doesn't happen very often. ICE typically knows who they want to interview. And by the way, when they come in to do that interview, in many cases, they do not remove the person into their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> You know, a lot of people take issue with that, though. You've had a number of protests at your facility. People who feel it's wrong for you to do this, wrong for you to proactively contact ICE. How do you respond to that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Well, it's a relatively small group of people. It's somewhere between 30 and 50 that appear pretty regularly to protest. My obligation as sheriff for Contra Costa County is to provide public safety to the entire county -- that's 1.1 million people. So we focus on what's best, in our view, in providing public safety to everyone, not just particular special interest groups. And we already have a policy that I have signed off on that says we will do no immigration enforcement at all for our deputies on the street. This is really about the back end when someone who is already here, undocumented, has committed a new crime and now finds himself in jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> Several cities throughout California have declared themselves sanctuary cities and now there's a bill, SB 54, a state bill that would make all of California a sanctuary state and prohibit law enforcement agencies like yours from cooperating with federal immigration agents. Where do you stand on SB 54?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> I, like nearly all of my colleagues in California and the State Sheriffs’ Association, are absolutely opposed to that bill. We think it's a disaster. It's the first time that we have heard of where the state government is trying to tell us who we can talk to and who we can’t talk to among other law enforcement agencies. It would hamper our efforts in a very demonstrable way. We couldn't share basic information about human trafficking or other cases with ICE unless the individual has a prior conviction for a serious or violent felony. And so putting those kinds of restrictions on our access to our federal colleagues and partners can be very damaging to public safety. We oppose it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> Supporters of the bill, though, say that the flip side of this is that there would be damage to public safety from another angle, and that is, it would make undocumented immigrants so fearful of deportation that they would be less willing to cooperate with you and other law enforcement agencies, less willing to report crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> Well, we want everyone to feel comfortable coming to their local law enforcement agency or the sheriff's office to report a crime, of course, either to report a crime as a victim or a witness. We work in communities now, North Richmond, for example, where we already encounter those types of issues and it's very difficult to get people to come forward to work with us reporting crimes so ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> But wouldn’t those issues be exacerbated, though, if you keep on opposing this sanctuary bill?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> I don't believe so. In fact, if we have a situation where ICE has to go now into the community to take someone into custody who may be facing a felony or a very serious charge, when they could have had that interview conducted in the safety and security of a custodial facility, that's putting more people at risk. So we believe at least working with ICE to the extent that they can conduct an interview makes sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> You're currently seeking $95 million to expand the West County facility. State Sen. Nancy Skinner of Berkeley has a bill that essentially bars state funds from being used for jail expansions in counties that hold ICE detainees. So you're seeking of this $95 million in funds could be in jeopardy if this bill passes. Your thoughts on Sen. Skinner's bill?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Livingston:\u003c/strong> I think Sen. Skinner has moved the goalposts in the middle of the game. We applied in good faith for those funds to build a re-entry facility that will help those that need it most in our custody -- mental health treatment, substance abuse treatment. That's what this is about. It's a $70 billion grant with matching funds that the county would come up with. The grants will be awarded as early as next week. It's a very competitive grant and we've had this contract with ICE for many, many years. So to now say, well, if you received the grant funds you're not going to be able to have contracts with any federal agency, I think is just patently unfair and it's inappropriate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vu:\u003c/strong> All right, Sheriff David Livingston of Contra Costa County, thank you so much for being here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sheraz Sadiq, Julie Small and Lisa Pickoff-White contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Immigration Arrests Climb by Almost 40 Percent Under Trump",
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"content": "\u003cp>Since President Trump took office, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers have arrested more than 41,000 people who were known or suspected of being in the country illegally. That's 38 percent more arrests than in the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made tougher immigration enforcement a priority of his campaign. Data released Wednesday by ICE show that his administration is making good on that promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 75 percent -- or 30,964, of the people arrested by ICE for deportation in the first 100 days of Trump’s presidency -- were convicted criminals. That includes 2,700 people who had committed violent felonies, including homicide, rape and assault -- or about 6.5 percent of all arrests. In 2016, more than 85 percent -- or 26,756, of people arrested during the same time period -- were convicted criminals.\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=\"CQf66kENznp42Gs1AnRbqU5Kjq71nvEL\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days after the inauguration, the Trump administration shifted ICE priorities away from President Barack Obama's approach. The Obama administration had developed a policy of \"prosecutorial discretion,\" to focus resources on deporting violent criminals and recent border crossers. In a Jan. 25 \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/01/30/2017-02102/enhancing-public-safety-in-the-interior-of-the-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a>, Trump expanded deportation priorities to include people charged with crimes and those considered suspect by immigration officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement Wednesday, Acting ICE Director Thomas Homan said: \"ICE agents and officers have been given clear direction to focus on threats to public safety and national security, which has resulted in a substantial increase in the arrest of convicted criminal aliens. However, when we encounter others who are in the country unlawfully, we will execute our sworn duty and enforce the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of ICE arrests of immigrants with no criminal history has more than doubled under Trump. Non-criminal arrests were about 10,800 from Jan. 20 to April 29, 2017, up from about 4,200 non-criminal arrests during the same time period in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While ICE arrests so far this year are higher than last year, they are lower than in earlier years of Obama's presidency. For example, during the same January-to-April period in 2014, ICE officers arrested almost 55,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Northern California Sees a Decrease in Immigration Arrests\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, the three field offices that cover California (San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego) showed a nearly 5 percent increase in immigration arrests, compared to the same period last year. The number of arrests of people without criminal convictions was up by more than 50 percent over last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ICEero2017]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only region where immigration arrests declined slightly was in Northern California. Immigration observers say that decline may be due to local sanctuary policies in places like San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These numbers do not include people arrested on immigration violations by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Since President Trump took office, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers have arrested more than 41,000 people who were known or suspected of being in the country illegally. That's 38 percent more arrests than in the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump made tougher immigration enforcement a priority of his campaign. Data released Wednesday by ICE show that his administration is making good on that promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 75 percent -- or 30,964, of the people arrested by ICE for deportation in the first 100 days of Trump’s presidency -- were convicted criminals. That includes 2,700 people who had committed violent felonies, including homicide, rape and assault -- or about 6.5 percent of all arrests. In 2016, more than 85 percent -- or 26,756, of people arrested during the same time period -- were convicted criminals.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days after the inauguration, the Trump administration shifted ICE priorities away from President Barack Obama's approach. The Obama administration had developed a policy of \"prosecutorial discretion,\" to focus resources on deporting violent criminals and recent border crossers. In a Jan. 25 \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/01/30/2017-02102/enhancing-public-safety-in-the-interior-of-the-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a>, Trump expanded deportation priorities to include people charged with crimes and those considered suspect by immigration officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement Wednesday, Acting ICE Director Thomas Homan said: \"ICE agents and officers have been given clear direction to focus on threats to public safety and national security, which has resulted in a substantial increase in the arrest of convicted criminal aliens. However, when we encounter others who are in the country unlawfully, we will execute our sworn duty and enforce the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of ICE arrests of immigrants with no criminal history has more than doubled under Trump. Non-criminal arrests were about 10,800 from Jan. 20 to April 29, 2017, up from about 4,200 non-criminal arrests during the same time period in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While ICE arrests so far this year are higher than last year, they are lower than in earlier years of Obama's presidency. For example, during the same January-to-April period in 2014, ICE officers arrested almost 55,000 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Northern California Sees a Decrease in Immigration Arrests\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year, the three field offices that cover California (San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego) showed a nearly 5 percent increase in immigration arrests, compared to the same period last year. The number of arrests of people without criminal convictions was up by more than 50 percent over last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ICEero2017]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only region where immigration arrests declined slightly was in Northern California. Immigration observers say that decline may be due to local sanctuary policies in places like San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These numbers do not include people arrested on immigration violations by U.S. Customs and Border Protection.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Report: 10,000 Immigrant Parents of U.S. Citizens Detained Per Year in California",
"title": "Report: 10,000 Immigrant Parents of U.S. Citizens Detained Per Year in California",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Many of the 65,000 immigrants detained on average in California every year are parents of U.S. citizens, according to a new report from an international human rights advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California courts and lockups are an integral part of immigration detention and deportation in the United States. The Golden State has the \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">largest immigration court\u003c/a> workload in the country. And the only other state to hold more detainees on any given day is Texas, according to data from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocacy organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.hrw.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Human Rights Watch\u003c/a> determined that more than 10,000 immigrant detainees held in California each year have children who are U.S. citizens. The \u003ca href=\"#report\">report\u003c/a>, published Monday, analyzed nine months of ICE data that include information on detainees' families. It used a statistical model to estimate the number of detainees with U.S. citizen children in California over a 4½-year period -- from Jan. 1, 2011, to June 30, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"LgXtg7i7K91PBi1ZYEm9pz2OSNyF6M6q\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two-thirds of the estimated 11.1 million undocumented people in the U.S. have been in the country for more than a decade, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewhispanic.org/2016/09/20/overall-number-of-u-s-unauthorized-immigrants-holds-steady-since-2009/#recent-arrivals-a-smaller-share-of-u-s-unauthorized-immigrants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Pew Research Center\u003c/a>. People who have lived in the country for a long time are more likely to have started families with U.S. citizen children, according to an older \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewhispanic.org/2014/09/03/as-growth-stalls-unauthorized-immigrant-population-becomes-more-settled/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pew study\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the case for a Guatemalan man named Maguiber, whose family lives in Oakland. His attorneys requested that KQED not publish his last name until his immigration status is resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This February, before dawn one morning in Oakland, ICE agents knocked on the door of Maguiber's home, asking about a hit-and-run. He went outside to show the agents his car registration and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/08/how-trump-could-detain-more-immigrants-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has been detained\u003c/a> ever since at the West County Detention Facility in Richmond. Maguiber has three children who are U.S. citizens: Kevin, 8, Gabriela, 4, and Christopher, 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yibi Heras says her husband is not a criminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like all of us, he has made mistakes,” she said. “But he’s not dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple's son, Kevin, has cerebral palsy and needs extra care. Heras stays home to care for him, and her two younger children. Maguiber is applying for asylum with the help of Heras and a \u003cem>pro bono\u003c/em> lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The California legislature is currently considering several initiatives that could help to mitigate the harms of immigration detention and protect Californian families,\" the Human Rights Watch report says. \"The purpose of the analysis set forth in this paper is to provide more detailed information on immigration detention in the state, with the goal of helping prompt better, more rights-respecting reforms.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An ICE spokeswoman wrote in a statement to KQED that the agency \"may consider\" whether an individual is the parent of a U.S. citizen or caretaker of a minor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For parents who are ordered removed, it is their decision whether or not to relocate their children with them. If parents choose to have their U.S. citizen child(ren) accompany them, ICE accommodates, to the extent practicable, the parents’ efforts to make provisions for their child(ren). As practicable, ICE will coordinate to afford detained parents or legal guardians access to counsel, consulates and consular officials, courts, and/or family members in the weeks preceding removal in order to execute documents (e.g., powers of attorney, passport applications), purchase airline tickets, and make other necessary arrangements prior to travel,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>State Legislation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Four bills moving through the state Legislature could dramatically change how immigration detention works in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/13/california-debates-whether-to-become-a-sanctuary-state/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a> would prohibit law enforcement agencies from being involved in any immigration enforcement action, bar sheriffs from contacting ICE about someone in their jail and end contracts that local municipalities have to hold immigrant detainees for ICE.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/could-congress-and-california-thwart-trumps-mass-immigration-detention-plans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 29\u003c/a> would phase out the contracts four California cities have with ICE to hold immigrant detainees in facilities run by private companies, hold counties and cities that house immigrant detainees in local jails to higher standards of care, make more detention records public documents and expand who could sue on behalf of immigrant detainees.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 630\u003c/a> would prohibit counties from using state funds to expand jails that also are used to house federal prisoners, including immigrant detainees, for 10 years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-california-legal-immigrant-defense-20170302-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 6\u003c/a> would provide legal aid to anyone arrested by ICE, who is not convicted of a violent crime.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The California State Sheriffs' Association opposes three of the bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesman Cory Salzillo said the state is overstepping its authority by attempting to regulate immigrant detention in the state. He said ICE sets the standards for immigrant detainees with local jails, and those standards are written into legally binding contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa Sheriff David Livingston is particularly concerned about SB 54. The county receives about $6 million a year from its contract with ICE to hold immigrant detainees like Maguiber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think it’s a disaster,” he told \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/12/rep-eric-swalwell-sheriff-david-livingston-maz-jobrani-golden-state-warriors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Newsroom\u003c/a> prior to the release of the Human Rights Watch report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Trust Act restricts sheriffs from detaining immigrants with minor crimes past their release date. SB 54 would go much further than that, Livingston said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would hamper our efforts in a very demonstrable way\" he said. \"We couldn't share basic information about human trafficking or other cases with ICE, unless the individual has a prior conviction for a serious or violent felony. Putting those kinds of restrictions on our access to our federal colleagues and partners can be very damaging to public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Who Is Detained in California?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>People are generally held in immigration detention while they await a hearing in immigration court. This population includes asylum seekers and people in deportation proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People detained in California come from all over the world, according to data from ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map below shows the number of immigration detainees held on one day in California in November 2016, by country of origin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout noborder\">[detaineeMapNat]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Human Rights Watch reports that nearly half of immigrant detainees held in California had no criminal histories. And of detainees with criminal records, those convicted of relatively minor offenses — immigration offenses, drug use, possession or DUI — outnumbered by nearly 3-to-1 those convicted of violent felonies. Many of those crimes were also committed years ago. On average, the most recent conviction had occurred seven years before being detained by immigration. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w13229.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Statistically\u003c/a>, immigrants are less likely to commit crime than people born in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of immigrants detained in California were arrested in the state or at the border, Human Rights Watch said. About 40 percent of detainees entered into the system in San Diego or at the border; and 20 percent in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of SB 54 and SB 29 say that ending immigration detention in California would separate families since detainees would end up in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of time that immigrant detainees spent in detention varied greatly, according to the Human Rights Watch report. About 84 percent of detainees spent less than one month in detention. However, 8,298 people spent more than six months, and 1,787 more than a year in detention during the time period Human Rights Watch studied. Only one in 10 detainees were granted bond.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca name=\"report\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nThe majority, 55 percent, of people studied by Human Rights Watch were deported. The analysis shows that parents of U.S. citizens were more likely to be deported.\u003cbr>\n[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3720859-Human-Rights-Watch-the-Detention-and-Deportation\" notes=\"true\" text=\"true\" search=\"true\" sidebar=\"true\" pdf=\"true\" responsive=\"true\" page=\"1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was updated with a statement from ICE.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many of the 65,000 immigrants detained on average in California every year are parents of U.S. citizens, according to a new report from an international human rights advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California courts and lockups are an integral part of immigration detention and deportation in the United States. The Golden State has the \u003ca href=\"http://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/court_backlog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">largest immigration court\u003c/a> workload in the country. And the only other state to hold more detainees on any given day is Texas, according to data from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The advocacy organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.hrw.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Human Rights Watch\u003c/a> determined that more than 10,000 immigrant detainees held in California each year have children who are U.S. citizens. The \u003ca href=\"#report\">report\u003c/a>, published Monday, analyzed nine months of ICE data that include information on detainees' families. It used a statistical model to estimate the number of detainees with U.S. citizen children in California over a 4½-year period -- from Jan. 1, 2011, to June 30, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two-thirds of the estimated 11.1 million undocumented people in the U.S. have been in the country for more than a decade, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewhispanic.org/2016/09/20/overall-number-of-u-s-unauthorized-immigrants-holds-steady-since-2009/#recent-arrivals-a-smaller-share-of-u-s-unauthorized-immigrants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Pew Research Center\u003c/a>. People who have lived in the country for a long time are more likely to have started families with U.S. citizen children, according to an older \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewhispanic.org/2014/09/03/as-growth-stalls-unauthorized-immigrant-population-becomes-more-settled/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pew study\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the case for a Guatemalan man named Maguiber, whose family lives in Oakland. His attorneys requested that KQED not publish his last name until his immigration status is resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This February, before dawn one morning in Oakland, ICE agents knocked on the door of Maguiber's home, asking about a hit-and-run. He went outside to show the agents his car registration and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/08/how-trump-could-detain-more-immigrants-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has been detained\u003c/a> ever since at the West County Detention Facility in Richmond. Maguiber has three children who are U.S. citizens: Kevin, 8, Gabriela, 4, and Christopher, 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yibi Heras says her husband is not a criminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like all of us, he has made mistakes,” she said. “But he’s not dangerous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple's son, Kevin, has cerebral palsy and needs extra care. Heras stays home to care for him, and her two younger children. Maguiber is applying for asylum with the help of Heras and a \u003cem>pro bono\u003c/em> lawyer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The California legislature is currently considering several initiatives that could help to mitigate the harms of immigration detention and protect Californian families,\" the Human Rights Watch report says. \"The purpose of the analysis set forth in this paper is to provide more detailed information on immigration detention in the state, with the goal of helping prompt better, more rights-respecting reforms.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An ICE spokeswoman wrote in a statement to KQED that the agency \"may consider\" whether an individual is the parent of a U.S. citizen or caretaker of a minor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For parents who are ordered removed, it is their decision whether or not to relocate their children with them. If parents choose to have their U.S. citizen child(ren) accompany them, ICE accommodates, to the extent practicable, the parents’ efforts to make provisions for their child(ren). As practicable, ICE will coordinate to afford detained parents or legal guardians access to counsel, consulates and consular officials, courts, and/or family members in the weeks preceding removal in order to execute documents (e.g., powers of attorney, passport applications), purchase airline tickets, and make other necessary arrangements prior to travel,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>State Legislation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Four bills moving through the state Legislature could dramatically change how immigration detention works in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/13/california-debates-whether-to-become-a-sanctuary-state/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 54\u003c/a> would prohibit law enforcement agencies from being involved in any immigration enforcement action, bar sheriffs from contacting ICE about someone in their jail and end contracts that local municipalities have to hold immigrant detainees for ICE.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/could-congress-and-california-thwart-trumps-mass-immigration-detention-plans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 29\u003c/a> would phase out the contracts four California cities have with ICE to hold immigrant detainees in facilities run by private companies, hold counties and cities that house immigrant detainees in local jails to higher standards of care, make more detention records public documents and expand who could sue on behalf of immigrant detainees.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB630\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 630\u003c/a> would prohibit counties from using state funds to expand jails that also are used to house federal prisoners, including immigrant detainees, for 10 years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-california-legal-immigrant-defense-20170302-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Senate Bill 6\u003c/a> would provide legal aid to anyone arrested by ICE, who is not convicted of a violent crime.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The California State Sheriffs' Association opposes three of the bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spokesman Cory Salzillo said the state is overstepping its authority by attempting to regulate immigrant detention in the state. He said ICE sets the standards for immigrant detainees with local jails, and those standards are written into legally binding contracts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa Sheriff David Livingston is particularly concerned about SB 54. The county receives about $6 million a year from its contract with ICE to hold immigrant detainees like Maguiber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think it’s a disaster,” he told \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/12/rep-eric-swalwell-sheriff-david-livingston-maz-jobrani-golden-state-warriors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Newsroom\u003c/a> prior to the release of the Human Rights Watch report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's Trust Act restricts sheriffs from detaining immigrants with minor crimes past their release date. SB 54 would go much further than that, Livingston said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would hamper our efforts in a very demonstrable way\" he said. \"We couldn't share basic information about human trafficking or other cases with ICE, unless the individual has a prior conviction for a serious or violent felony. Putting those kinds of restrictions on our access to our federal colleagues and partners can be very damaging to public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Who Is Detained in California?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>People are generally held in immigration detention while they await a hearing in immigration court. This population includes asylum seekers and people in deportation proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People detained in California come from all over the world, according to data from ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map below shows the number of immigration detainees held on one day in California in November 2016, by country of origin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout noborder\">[detaineeMapNat]\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Human Rights Watch reports that nearly half of immigrant detainees held in California had no criminal histories. And of detainees with criminal records, those convicted of relatively minor offenses — immigration offenses, drug use, possession or DUI — outnumbered by nearly 3-to-1 those convicted of violent felonies. Many of those crimes were also committed years ago. On average, the most recent conviction had occurred seven years before being detained by immigration. \u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w13229.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Statistically\u003c/a>, immigrants are less likely to commit crime than people born in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vast majority of immigrants detained in California were arrested in the state or at the border, Human Rights Watch said. About 40 percent of detainees entered into the system in San Diego or at the border; and 20 percent in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents of SB 54 and SB 29 say that ending immigration detention in California would separate families since detainees would end up in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The amount of time that immigrant detainees spent in detention varied greatly, according to the Human Rights Watch report. About 84 percent of detainees spent less than one month in detention. However, 8,298 people spent more than six months, and 1,787 more than a year in detention during the time period Human Rights Watch studied. Only one in 10 detainees were granted bond.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca name=\"report\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nThe majority, 55 percent, of people studied by Human Rights Watch were deported. The analysis shows that parents of U.S. citizens were more likely to be deported.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
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