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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The city of San Jose had already swung and missed twice in its attempt to overturn Major League Baseball's exemption from federal antitrust law and clear the way for the Oakland A's to move to the South Bay. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Strike three came on Monday, when the U.S. Supreme Court rejected, without comment, the city's appeal of lower court rulings in the case. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose sued MLB in June 2013, alleging team owners had violated antitrust law by refusing to agree to the A's move to the South Bay. The sticking point in that plan is that Santa Clara County part of the San Francisco Giants' territory under MLB's constitution. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baseball has been exempt from federal antitrust law since \u003ca href=\"http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1426&context=sportslaw\" target=\"_blank\">a 1922 Supreme Court decision\u003c/a>. That ruling, written by Associate Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., essentially found that baseball was exempt from antitrust restrictions that applied to other interstate commerce because it was a game, not a business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That decision, Federal Baseball Club v. National League, has survived several challenges. The high court itself has termed that decision “an established aberration” in its past rulings — but has said it should be up to Congress, not the courts, to change the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One part of the city's case is still alive. U.S. District Court Judge Ronald Whyte has ruled that San Jose's claim against Major League Baseball for allegedly interfering with the city's contract with the A's may proceed. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Don Edwards, Longtime South Bay Congressman and Civil Rights Champion, Dies at Age 100",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10706109\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 374px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/donedwards.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10706109\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/donedwards.jpg\" alt=\"Late Congressman Don Edwards, 1915-2015.\" width=\"374\" height=\"459\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Late Congressman Don Edwards, 1915-2015. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Don Edwards, a champion of civil rights and the environment who represented his native San Jose in Congress for more than three decades, has died at the age of 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edwards' son, retired Santa Clara County Superior Court Judge Len Edwards, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_28912287/former-rep-don-edwards-1915-2015\" target=\"_blank\">told the San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> the former congressman died Thursday evening at his home in Carmel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He died peacefully and with a great deal of grace,\" Len Edwards said. \"He died as he lived, an elegant man.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/03/us/politics/don-edwards-congressman-who-championed-civil-rights-dies-at-100.html\" target=\"_blank\">The New York Times summarizes\u003c/a> Edwards' record as a lawmaker focused on preserving and expanding civil rights protections:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He entered Congress in 1963, in time to vote for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. After becoming chairman of the Judiciary Committee’s subcommittee on civil and constitutional rights, he managed the Equal Rights Amendment on the House floor in 1971 and was the floor manager for all other civil rights bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective at working with Republicans, among them Hamilton Fish Jr. of New York, he was the chief House architect on civil rights bills through the 1991 law that overturned eight Supreme Court decisions narrowly interpreting the employment rights of women and minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Edwards was able to work easily with Republicans on rights measures even though they rarely voted alike on anything else. He was an all-out liberal on issues from the impeachment of President Richard M. Nixon to the 1991 Persian Gulf war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He retired in 1994 with a lifetime rating of 97 percent from the liberal Americans for Democratic Action, which he headed from 1965 to 1967. In 20 of his 32 years in Congress, he had a 100 percent score.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the most important of the civil rights bills he handled was the 1982 extension of the Voting Rights Act. In response to written questions in 2012, he said, “If you can’t vote, you are not a real citizen.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Edwards was not gentle in his criticism of those in government and the courts who failed to uphold rights guaranteed by the law and the Constitution. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/14/opinion/should-rehnquist-be-promoted-no-he-has-advocated-segregation.html\" target=\"_blank\">a 1986 op-ed in The New York Times\u003c/a>, he argued against President Ronald Reagan's nomination of Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist to become the tribunal's chief justice. As a Justice Department lawyer, Edwards noted, Rehnquist had proposed a constitutional amendment that would effectively legalize racial discrimination in public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Chief Justice of the United States should symbolize the nation's commitment to equal justice under law,\" Edwards wrote. \"William Rehnquist's amendment provides conclusive proof of what his record on the bench has so long suggested -- that he has never accepted the fundamental constitutional principle that no official should engage in invidious discrimination on the basis of race. He is a relic of a shameful era in our history when the law was perverted into an instrument for segregating society. He should not be confirmed to our highest judicial office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(The Senate later \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/22/AR2007082200931.html\" target=\"_blank\">voted 65-33 to confirm Rehnquist\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edwards was equally dedicated to environmental causes. The San Jose Mercury News \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_28912287/former-rep-don-edwards-1915-2015\" target=\"_blank\">recounts\u003c/a> Edwards' role in securing permanent protection for a large swath of southern San Francisco Bay:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Edwards wrote the bill that President Richard Nixon signed in 1972 establishing the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge. In setting up the first urban national wildlife refuge in the United States, the law preserved a broad expanse of South Bay wetlands, for fish, wildlife and public recreation -- blocking the type of development that had filled in large sections of San Francisco Bay in prior decades. Congress renamed the 30,000-acre refuge for Edwards in 1995, and he remained a hero to Bay Area environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Back then the bay was something to use -- for sewer outfalls, garbage dumps, anything you didn't want you put in the bay,\" said Florence LaRiviere, a longtime Palo Alto environmentalist who worked with Edwards in the early 1970s to create the refuge. \"He listened to us. Without Mr. Edwards, there would be development right up to the edge of the bay. All of the wonderful wildlife would be gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His family said the permanent protection for the South Bay shoreline was something Edwards remained proud of, long after his retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an open area for families to enjoy and for our environment to be saved that will last forever,\" Len Edwards said. \"That to me is the most wonderful gift he could give.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>William Donlon \"Don\" Edwards was born Jan. 6, 1915, in San Jose. Here's the Times again on his early life and the beginning of his congressional career:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He graduated in 1936 from Stanford University, where he starred on the golf team. He played into his 90s. In 1950, he won the Bing Crosby Clambake at Pebble Beach as an amateur teamed with the professional golfer Marty Furgol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After attending law school at Stanford, he passed the bar in 1939 and became an F.B.I. agent the next year. He joined the Navy in 1942 and served as an intelligence officer ashore and then as a gunnery officer on fast, armed cargo ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After being discharged in 1945, he joined his father’s land title firm. But when he divorced his first wife, his father, who disapproved of the divorce, forced him out. So in 1951, Mr. Edwards founded the Valley Title Insurance Company with his second wife. It prospered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He became politically active in the 1950s, first as president of the California Young Republicans while Earl Warren, a moderate Republican, was governor. “But the Republicans were mostly too conservative,” he said in 2012, “and I was basically liberal. I became disillusioned and moved away from the party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When California’s growing population led to the creation of eight new congressional districts in 1962, Mr. Edwards ran in one in San Jose. In a four-way Democratic primary, he received 35.9 percent of the vote and won by 726 votes over Mayor John Stevenson of Fremont. He won the general election easily and never had a close race again.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edwards married three times and outlived all his wives. His survivors include four sons.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10706109\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 374px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/donedwards.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10706109\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/10/donedwards.jpg\" alt=\"Late Congressman Don Edwards, 1915-2015.\" width=\"374\" height=\"459\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Late Congressman Don Edwards, 1915-2015. \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Don Edwards, a champion of civil rights and the environment who represented his native San Jose in Congress for more than three decades, has died at the age of 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edwards' son, retired Santa Clara County Superior Court Judge Len Edwards, \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_28912287/former-rep-don-edwards-1915-2015\" target=\"_blank\">told the San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> the former congressman died Thursday evening at his home in Carmel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He died peacefully and with a great deal of grace,\" Len Edwards said. \"He died as he lived, an elegant man.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/03/us/politics/don-edwards-congressman-who-championed-civil-rights-dies-at-100.html\" target=\"_blank\">The New York Times summarizes\u003c/a> Edwards' record as a lawmaker focused on preserving and expanding civil rights protections:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He entered Congress in 1963, in time to vote for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. After becoming chairman of the Judiciary Committee’s subcommittee on civil and constitutional rights, he managed the Equal Rights Amendment on the House floor in 1971 and was the floor manager for all other civil rights bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effective at working with Republicans, among them Hamilton Fish Jr. of New York, he was the chief House architect on civil rights bills through the 1991 law that overturned eight Supreme Court decisions narrowly interpreting the employment rights of women and minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. Edwards was able to work easily with Republicans on rights measures even though they rarely voted alike on anything else. He was an all-out liberal on issues from the impeachment of President Richard M. Nixon to the 1991 Persian Gulf war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He retired in 1994 with a lifetime rating of 97 percent from the liberal Americans for Democratic Action, which he headed from 1965 to 1967. In 20 of his 32 years in Congress, he had a 100 percent score.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the most important of the civil rights bills he handled was the 1982 extension of the Voting Rights Act. In response to written questions in 2012, he said, “If you can’t vote, you are not a real citizen.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Edwards was not gentle in his criticism of those in government and the courts who failed to uphold rights guaranteed by the law and the Constitution. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/14/opinion/should-rehnquist-be-promoted-no-he-has-advocated-segregation.html\" target=\"_blank\">a 1986 op-ed in The New York Times\u003c/a>, he argued against President Ronald Reagan's nomination of Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist to become the tribunal's chief justice. As a Justice Department lawyer, Edwards noted, Rehnquist had proposed a constitutional amendment that would effectively legalize racial discrimination in public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Chief Justice of the United States should symbolize the nation's commitment to equal justice under law,\" Edwards wrote. \"William Rehnquist's amendment provides conclusive proof of what his record on the bench has so long suggested -- that he has never accepted the fundamental constitutional principle that no official should engage in invidious discrimination on the basis of race. He is a relic of a shameful era in our history when the law was perverted into an instrument for segregating society. He should not be confirmed to our highest judicial office.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(The Senate later \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/22/AR2007082200931.html\" target=\"_blank\">voted 65-33 to confirm Rehnquist\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edwards was equally dedicated to environmental causes. The San Jose Mercury News \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_28912287/former-rep-don-edwards-1915-2015\" target=\"_blank\">recounts\u003c/a> Edwards' role in securing permanent protection for a large swath of southern San Francisco Bay:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Edwards wrote the bill that President Richard Nixon signed in 1972 establishing the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge. In setting up the first urban national wildlife refuge in the United States, the law preserved a broad expanse of South Bay wetlands, for fish, wildlife and public recreation -- blocking the type of development that had filled in large sections of San Francisco Bay in prior decades. Congress renamed the 30,000-acre refuge for Edwards in 1995, and he remained a hero to Bay Area environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Back then the bay was something to use -- for sewer outfalls, garbage dumps, anything you didn't want you put in the bay,\" said Florence LaRiviere, a longtime Palo Alto environmentalist who worked with Edwards in the early 1970s to create the refuge. \"He listened to us. Without Mr. Edwards, there would be development right up to the edge of the bay. All of the wonderful wildlife would be gone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His family said the permanent protection for the South Bay shoreline was something Edwards remained proud of, long after his retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an open area for families to enjoy and for our environment to be saved that will last forever,\" Len Edwards said. \"That to me is the most wonderful gift he could give.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>William Donlon \"Don\" Edwards was born Jan. 6, 1915, in San Jose. Here's the Times again on his early life and the beginning of his congressional career:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>He graduated in 1936 from Stanford University, where he starred on the golf team. He played into his 90s. In 1950, he won the Bing Crosby Clambake at Pebble Beach as an amateur teamed with the professional golfer Marty Furgol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After attending law school at Stanford, he passed the bar in 1939 and became an F.B.I. agent the next year. He joined the Navy in 1942 and served as an intelligence officer ashore and then as a gunnery officer on fast, armed cargo ships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After being discharged in 1945, he joined his father’s land title firm. But when he divorced his first wife, his father, who disapproved of the divorce, forced him out. So in 1951, Mr. Edwards founded the Valley Title Insurance Company with his second wife. It prospered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He became politically active in the 1950s, first as president of the California Young Republicans while Earl Warren, a moderate Republican, was governor. “But the Republicans were mostly too conservative,” he said in 2012, “and I was basically liberal. I became disillusioned and moved away from the party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When California’s growing population led to the creation of eight new congressional districts in 1962, Mr. Edwards ran in one in San Jose. In a four-way Democratic primary, he received 35.9 percent of the vote and won by 726 votes over Mayor John Stevenson of Fremont. He won the general election easily and never had a close race again.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edwards married three times and outlived all his wives. His survivors include four sons.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Jose's Long and Winding Road to Pension Reform Takes Another Turn",
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"content": "\u003cp>Pension reform's sometimes tortuous grip on San Jose loosened Tuesday when the City Council passed a new agreement \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_28700793/measure-b-settlement-at-top-san-jose-council\">with police and firefighter unions\u003c/a> on retirement benefits and wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is a watered-down version of Measure B , the pension reform ballot measure that San Jose voters overwhelmingly passed in 2012. It gave less generous retirement benefits to new employees and forced existing workers to either reduce benefits or pay more to keep them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.publicceo.com/2015/08/san-jose-scraps-pension-reform-measure/\">The new plan scales back what employees must contribute fo\u003c/a>r retirement, offers a cheaper health care plan for new and existing employees, gives police officers an 8 percent raise plus a one-time retention bonus, and reinstates the police and fire retirement plan's earlier definition of disability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We needed to find a Goldilocks solution,\" said Mayor Sam Liccardo, who had backed Measure B. \"We needed a set of benefits that can make us a competitive employer and still insure that we had a financially sustainable system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a judge will have to invalidate parts of Measure B and insert the changes before it goes back to San Jose voters in November 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/220998952\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few cities in California have had more upheaval and fractures within the community over voter-approved pension reform than San Jose has. There were three years of bitter legal battles with police and firefighters, who felt Measure B was a frontal assault on the benefits they earned, and they took the measure to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities around the state have been keeping a close eye on the fallout from Measure B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was, in a sense, the experiment,\" said Josh Rauh, a pension reform scholar at Stanford University's Graduate School of Business. \"There had been no city that had up until now in California tried to change pension benefits for existing employees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure B came about as cities like Stockton and San Bernardino were on the verge of bankruptcy, partially caused by crushing retirement payments that came due as the economy was tanking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ex-Mayor's Bold Move\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former San Jose Mayor Chuck Reed took Measure B pension reform to the ballot in 2012, saying he couldn't cut city services and staff any further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10656543\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10656543 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Former San Jose Mayor Chuck Reed reads an editorial about his 2016 statewide pension reform ballot measure.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chuck Reed, former San Jose mayor, reads an editorial about his 2016 statewide pension reform ballot measure. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Even though it's painful to take these matters on directly, the costs of doing nothing were enormous because we were cutting services to our people every year to pay for these skyrocketing costs,\" said Reed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rauh said many politicians take a piecemeal approach to pension reform or dabble around the edges of benefits for new employees, fearing blowback from public employee unions. Reed, he said, acted boldly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mayor Reed was at a point in his career where his political aspirations beyond his time in office were fairly limited, and he also had a very strong view that pensions in the state of California are unsustainable they way they are budgeted and the way they are measured,\" said Rauh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed agrees that most politicians have a lot to lose by taking on public employee unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I knew in the Democratic Party -- and I'm a Democrat -- that if you crossed the public employees unions, you probably don't have a future in the party,\" said Reed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, San Jose police officers left for jobs in surrounding cities where the pension benefits and pay were better. Tom Saggau, a spokesman for the San Jose Police Officers' Association, said the Police Department had already lost officers because of budget layoffs. Then it was hit by pension reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were already losing officers,\" said Saggau. \"What Measure B did was accelerate it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.publicceo.com/2015/08/san-jose-scraps-pension-reform-measure/\">This year the new crop of city leaders, including Liccardo and the new POA president, were able to sit down and negotiate \u003c/a>a revised pension reform plan. A good part of the work had already been accomplished in court in 2013, when \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/24/us/a-mixed-ruling-on-san-jose-cuts.html?_r=0\">a judge ruled the city \u003c/a>could not require existing employees to contribute more to their pensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rauh said what happened in San Jose shows that cities can't succeed in reining in pension costs by working alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cities need to band together and get behind those who are proposing statewide ballot initiatives to make this issue something that is in voters' hands,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed and former San Diego City Councilman Carl DeMaio are now pushing \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/editorials/article/Attorney-General-Kamala-Harris-skews-ballot-6451702.php\">a 2016 statewide pension reform ballot measure. I\u003c/a>t would require local voter approval of any future increases in public employee pensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed's signature Measure B has been weakened but he remains determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you go on the path of pension reform, you have to realize it's going to be long and difficult,\" said Reed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public employee unions are now gearing up to fight the statewide measure.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Pension reform's sometimes tortuous grip on San Jose loosened Tuesday when the City Council passed a new agreement \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/bay-area-news/ci_28700793/measure-b-settlement-at-top-san-jose-council\">with police and firefighter unions\u003c/a> on retirement benefits and wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is a watered-down version of Measure B , the pension reform ballot measure that San Jose voters overwhelmingly passed in 2012. It gave less generous retirement benefits to new employees and forced existing workers to either reduce benefits or pay more to keep them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.publicceo.com/2015/08/san-jose-scraps-pension-reform-measure/\">The new plan scales back what employees must contribute fo\u003c/a>r retirement, offers a cheaper health care plan for new and existing employees, gives police officers an 8 percent raise plus a one-time retention bonus, and reinstates the police and fire retirement plan's earlier definition of disability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We needed to find a Goldilocks solution,\" said Mayor Sam Liccardo, who had backed Measure B. \"We needed a set of benefits that can make us a competitive employer and still insure that we had a financially sustainable system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a judge will have to invalidate parts of Measure B and insert the changes before it goes back to San Jose voters in November 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/220998952&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/220998952'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few cities in California have had more upheaval and fractures within the community over voter-approved pension reform than San Jose has. There were three years of bitter legal battles with police and firefighters, who felt Measure B was a frontal assault on the benefits they earned, and they took the measure to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities around the state have been keeping a close eye on the fallout from Measure B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was, in a sense, the experiment,\" said Josh Rauh, a pension reform scholar at Stanford University's Graduate School of Business. \"There had been no city that had up until now in California tried to change pension benefits for existing employees.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure B came about as cities like Stockton and San Bernardino were on the verge of bankruptcy, partially caused by crushing retirement payments that came due as the economy was tanking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ex-Mayor's Bold Move\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former San Jose Mayor Chuck Reed took Measure B pension reform to the ballot in 2012, saying he couldn't cut city services and staff any further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10656543\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10656543 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Former San Jose Mayor Chuck Reed reads an editorial about his 2016 statewide pension reform ballot measure.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/08/RS16481_photo-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Chuck Reed, former San Jose mayor, reads an editorial about his 2016 statewide pension reform ballot measure. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Even though it's painful to take these matters on directly, the costs of doing nothing were enormous because we were cutting services to our people every year to pay for these skyrocketing costs,\" said Reed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rauh said many politicians take a piecemeal approach to pension reform or dabble around the edges of benefits for new employees, fearing blowback from public employee unions. Reed, he said, acted boldly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mayor Reed was at a point in his career where his political aspirations beyond his time in office were fairly limited, and he also had a very strong view that pensions in the state of California are unsustainable they way they are budgeted and the way they are measured,\" said Rauh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed agrees that most politicians have a lot to lose by taking on public employee unions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I knew in the Democratic Party -- and I'm a Democrat -- that if you crossed the public employees unions, you probably don't have a future in the party,\" said Reed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, San Jose police officers left for jobs in surrounding cities where the pension benefits and pay were better. Tom Saggau, a spokesman for the San Jose Police Officers' Association, said the Police Department had already lost officers because of budget layoffs. Then it was hit by pension reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were already losing officers,\" said Saggau. \"What Measure B did was accelerate it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.publicceo.com/2015/08/san-jose-scraps-pension-reform-measure/\">This year the new crop of city leaders, including Liccardo and the new POA president, were able to sit down and negotiate \u003c/a>a revised pension reform plan. A good part of the work had already been accomplished in court in 2013, when \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/24/us/a-mixed-ruling-on-san-jose-cuts.html?_r=0\">a judge ruled the city \u003c/a>could not require existing employees to contribute more to their pensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rauh said what happened in San Jose shows that cities can't succeed in reining in pension costs by working alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Cities need to band together and get behind those who are proposing statewide ballot initiatives to make this issue something that is in voters' hands,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed and former San Diego City Councilman Carl DeMaio are now pushing \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/editorials/article/Attorney-General-Kamala-Harris-skews-ballot-6451702.php\">a 2016 statewide pension reform ballot measure. I\u003c/a>t would require local voter approval of any future increases in public employee pensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reed's signature Measure B has been weakened but he remains determined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you go on the path of pension reform, you have to realize it's going to be long and difficult,\" said Reed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public employee unions are now gearing up to fight the statewide measure.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Jose Considers License Plate Readers For Garbage Trucks",
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"content": "\u003cp>License plate readers in police cars are already scanning vehicles throughout San Jose, but a new proposal would expand their use to the fleet of privately owned garbage trucks plying the city's streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think about it: Trucks operated by contractor \u003ca href=\"http://site.republicservices.com/site/santa-clara-ca/en/pages/city-of-san-jose.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Republic Services\u003c/a> cover the entire city once a week. That's something the San Jose Police Department can't necessarily say, as they \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/09/04/san-jose-city-council-police/\" target=\"_blank\">struggle\u003c/a> to recruit and retain police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Councilman Johnny Khamis says there's been an \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjpd.org/CrimeStats/crimestats.html\" target=\"_blank\">uptick in auto thefts\u003c/a>, and mounting license plate readers on garbage trucks will allow the entire city to be swept for stolen cars every week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"hXsSVjyv4mHAO7eyv4gCfyHXGv3Pt5gx\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The truck drivers have no access to the information. It all gets automatically uploaded into the cloud and will ping the Police Department once a stolen car license plate has been spotted,\" Khamis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This may be the first instance of a city using garbage trucks to fight crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a June 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://cironline.org/reports/license-plate-readers-let-police-collect-millions-records-drivers-4883\" target=\"_blank\">investigation\u003c/a>, the Center for Investigative Reporting found 32 Bay Area law enforcement agencies were using license plate readers. Many are stationary, like those used along the city limits of Piedmont and Tiburon. San Francisco has mounted them on Muni buses, and they're used to notify authorities of traffic problems, like if a vehicle is blocking a bus lane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using technology to look only for specific vehicles would have minimal privacy impact on the public, says policy attorney Chris Conley with the ACLU of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The concern arises if license plate readers are used to collect information on every car they see and then store that in a database somewhere,\" says Conley. \"Questions arise about who has access to the information, how long is it being kept, what purposes is it being used for.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the city needs a written policy to avoid expanding the scope of the license plate readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’ve seen in the past that once this technology gets acquired, it's very easy for someone to have a great new idea about this other thing you can do with license plate readers,\" says Conley. \"That can very quickly spiral out of control, without checks and balances from community leaders and local government.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The City Council’s Rules and Open Government Committee approved the plan Wednesday in a 4-1 vote, and its feasibility is now being studied by city staff. It was placed on the Sept. 1 City Council agenda.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>License plate readers in police cars are already scanning vehicles throughout San Jose, but a new proposal would expand their use to the fleet of privately owned garbage trucks plying the city's streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think about it: Trucks operated by contractor \u003ca href=\"http://site.republicservices.com/site/santa-clara-ca/en/pages/city-of-san-jose.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Republic Services\u003c/a> cover the entire city once a week. That's something the San Jose Police Department can't necessarily say, as they \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/09/04/san-jose-city-council-police/\" target=\"_blank\">struggle\u003c/a> to recruit and retain police officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Councilman Johnny Khamis says there's been an \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjpd.org/CrimeStats/crimestats.html\" target=\"_blank\">uptick in auto thefts\u003c/a>, and mounting license plate readers on garbage trucks will allow the entire city to be swept for stolen cars every week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The truck drivers have no access to the information. It all gets automatically uploaded into the cloud and will ping the Police Department once a stolen car license plate has been spotted,\" Khamis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This may be the first instance of a city using garbage trucks to fight crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a June 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://cironline.org/reports/license-plate-readers-let-police-collect-millions-records-drivers-4883\" target=\"_blank\">investigation\u003c/a>, the Center for Investigative Reporting found 32 Bay Area law enforcement agencies were using license plate readers. Many are stationary, like those used along the city limits of Piedmont and Tiburon. San Francisco has mounted them on Muni buses, and they're used to notify authorities of traffic problems, like if a vehicle is blocking a bus lane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using technology to look only for specific vehicles would have minimal privacy impact on the public, says policy attorney Chris Conley with the ACLU of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The concern arises if license plate readers are used to collect information on every car they see and then store that in a database somewhere,\" says Conley. \"Questions arise about who has access to the information, how long is it being kept, what purposes is it being used for.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the city needs a written policy to avoid expanding the scope of the license plate readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’ve seen in the past that once this technology gets acquired, it's very easy for someone to have a great new idea about this other thing you can do with license plate readers,\" says Conley. \"That can very quickly spiral out of control, without checks and balances from community leaders and local government.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The City Council’s Rules and Open Government Committee approved the plan Wednesday in a 4-1 vote, and its feasibility is now being studied by city staff. It was placed on the Sept. 1 City Council agenda.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In East San Jose’s Mayfair Neighborhood, a young Cesar Chavez first started mobilizing farmworkers to get them better wages and working conditions. The area was then known as \u003cem>Sal Si Puedes, \u003c/em>meaning “get out if you can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the 1950s, and Chavez often drove a bus to the fields in Santa Clara County and brought back the fruit pickers to Mayfair’s Our Lady of Guadalupe Church to talk about labor organizing and voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was no coincidence that \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+nation+on+silicon+valley+rising\">a new labor campaign\u003c/a> was launched at the same church in February. This time the issue is the low wages of service workers who clean, cook and stand guard at the sprawling campuses of Silicon Valley’s tech giants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Called \u003ca href=\"http://siliconvalleyrising.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Rising\u003c/a>, this coalition of labor unions, faith leaders and community-based organizations is orchestrating a campaign to raise families out of poverty by pushing for a livable wage, affordable housing and corporate responsibility. They are now highlighting the plight of service workers, the majority of which are immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/ftUeX6f_wzs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Longtime South Bay labor activist Bob Brownstein says Silicon Valley Rising has symbolic parallels to the farmworkers movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The grape strike wasn’t just about grapes,” he says, referring to the 1965 Delano Grape Strike, when workers walked off farms demanding wages equal to the federal minimum wage. “It was about the plight of the agricultural workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today “the struggles of security guards and cafeteria workers and shuttle drivers — it’s not just about them. It’s about a much larger low-wage sector that’s trapped in Silicon Valley,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign has resulted in hundreds of cooks, shuttle drivers, groundskeepers and maintenance workers staging nearly monthly demonstrations for higher wages and better benefits in front of high-profile tech companies and contractors’ offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-wage-theft-legislation-20150421-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dozens of workers rallied\u003c/a> outside the Capitol in Sacramento in support of wage and labor bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want corporations to hire responsible contractors,” says Rebeca Armendariz, a spokeswoman for SEIU United Service Workers West. “We want them held accountable for following labor law. For not ripping off their workers, for paying them honest and fair wages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/214697196&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wage demands for service workers isn’t a new issue. Twenty-five years ago, janitors in Santa Clara County mobilized for better wages and benefits in the “Justice for Janitors Campaign.” San Jose’s Cisco Systems Inc. was a major target, and the company eventually agreed to a union contract providing descent pay and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today’s organizers feel this labor movement is more broadly based, and that the volatile debate about growing \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/inequality-in-red-vs-blue-states-2015-7\">income inequality\u003c/a> is helping its cause. This campaign “is being viewed as a much larger problem because the level of inequality in the Silicon Valley — actually, the country — has gone rogue,” says Brownstein. “It’s no longer sustainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10600580\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10600580 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-1440x1080.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rev. Jon Pedigo of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church talks with service workers. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last month, a new study calculated \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/29/bay-area-income-gap-now-more-than-250000-between-top-and-bottom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the income gap\u003c/a> between the top and bottom Bay Area households at more than a quarter-million dollars, 50 percent higher than the gap nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell Hancock, president of Joint Venture Silicon Valley, a research think tank that did \u003ca href=\"http://siliconvalleyindicators.org/special-reports/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the report\u003c/a>, says the wage gap in this region is a stark situation for workers in the service sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They make this economy hum and their wages have been stagnant,” he says. “There’s no growth in their wages over a period of decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley Rising took two years to get organized. Father Jon Pedigo, the pastor of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, is one of the leaders who worked to hammer out a shared strategy for the campaign. He says extensive groundwork had to be laid down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wasn’t like, ‘Let’s all get on board and do this together.’ It was really through some meetings of getting people to listen, to talk to each other and kind of trust each other,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign is intended to focus attention on workers such as 33-year-old Maria, a cafeteria worker at Sunnyvale-based Yahoo. She doesn’t want to use her real name for fear of losing her job with Bon Appetit, the Palo Alto-based company Yahoo contracts with for food services. A single mother, she lives in a tiny trailer not far from Our Lady of Guadalupe Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I get paid $12 an hour, and it is hard work for $12,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she pays for her trailer space — $700 a month — and other bills, she says she has barely $400 for food and to support her 15-year-old and 10-year-old daughters\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10600521\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10600521 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"https://youtu.be/ftUeX6f_wzs\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Yahoo cafeteria worker says she has little money left after paying $700 a month for her trailer space and her bills. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her older daughter says her mother doesn’t have the time to participate in Rising Silicon Valley activities, but hopes the organizing will pay off in her workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She feels if she keeps working there, she’ll get paid more so she does have hope,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked for comment on this story, both Yahoo and Bon Appetit emailed identical statements that said their contractors’ wages and benefits compare favorably with those across the food service industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>After the radio story aired on KQED and this blog post was published, a Yahoo spokeswoman emailed another statement that said there was a misunderstanding in sending the same statement as Bon Appetit. The spokeswoman said “fairness is a guiding principle at Yahoo and we are looking into this matter with Bon Appetit.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley companies are reluctant to discuss the issue of wages and their relationships with their service workers. And they refuse to discuss the recent labor agitation and organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they have to be aware of the increased activism. In February, for example, shuttle bus drivers for Yahoo, Apple, Genentech, eBay and Zynga voted to joined the Teamsters union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And tech corporations have made a number of policy changes impacting service workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Mountain View-based Google gave pay raises to its shuttle drivers, who did not join the Teamsters. Also in March, Cupertino-based Apple brought contract security workers onto its payroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menlo Park-based Facebook in May said its contractors with more than 25 employees must pay them at least $15 an hour and provide sick leave and vacation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Goler of Facebook says the social media company increased wages and benefits because it was the right thing to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve really been working on it awhile, and it sort of came from us and our thinking about what’s important to us and our business and our community,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Part 1 of two-part series on activists taking on tech companies over the wages of service workers. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/16/silicon-valley-firms-beginning-to-make-labor-concessions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 2\u003c/a> looks at how Silicon Valley corporations are responding.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In East San Jose’s Mayfair Neighborhood, a young Cesar Chavez first started mobilizing farmworkers to get them better wages and working conditions. The area was then known as \u003cem>Sal Si Puedes, \u003c/em>meaning “get out if you can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the 1950s, and Chavez often drove a bus to the fields in Santa Clara County and brought back the fruit pickers to Mayfair’s Our Lady of Guadalupe Church to talk about labor organizing and voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was no coincidence that \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=the+nation+on+silicon+valley+rising\">a new labor campaign\u003c/a> was launched at the same church in February. This time the issue is the low wages of service workers who clean, cook and stand guard at the sprawling campuses of Silicon Valley’s tech giants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Called \u003ca href=\"http://siliconvalleyrising.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Rising\u003c/a>, this coalition of labor unions, faith leaders and community-based organizations is orchestrating a campaign to raise families out of poverty by pushing for a livable wage, affordable housing and corporate responsibility. They are now highlighting the plight of service workers, the majority of which are immigrants.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ftUeX6f_wzs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ftUeX6f_wzs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Longtime South Bay labor activist Bob Brownstein says Silicon Valley Rising has symbolic parallels to the farmworkers movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The grape strike wasn’t just about grapes,” he says, referring to the 1965 Delano Grape Strike, when workers walked off farms demanding wages equal to the federal minimum wage. “It was about the plight of the agricultural workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today “the struggles of security guards and cafeteria workers and shuttle drivers — it’s not just about them. It’s about a much larger low-wage sector that’s trapped in Silicon Valley,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign has resulted in hundreds of cooks, shuttle drivers, groundskeepers and maintenance workers staging nearly monthly demonstrations for higher wages and better benefits in front of high-profile tech companies and contractors’ offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-wage-theft-legislation-20150421-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dozens of workers rallied\u003c/a> outside the Capitol in Sacramento in support of wage and labor bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want corporations to hire responsible contractors,” says Rebeca Armendariz, a spokeswoman for SEIU United Service Workers West. “We want them held accountable for following labor law. For not ripping off their workers, for paying them honest and fair wages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/214697196&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wage demands for service workers isn’t a new issue. Twenty-five years ago, janitors in Santa Clara County mobilized for better wages and benefits in the “Justice for Janitors Campaign.” San Jose’s Cisco Systems Inc. was a major target, and the company eventually agreed to a union contract providing descent pay and benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today’s organizers feel this labor movement is more broadly based, and that the volatile debate about growing \u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/inequality-in-red-vs-blue-states-2015-7\">income inequality\u003c/a> is helping its cause. This campaign “is being viewed as a much larger problem because the level of inequality in the Silicon Valley — actually, the country — has gone rogue,” says Brownstein. “It’s no longer sustainable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10600580\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10600580 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-1440x1080.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16001_FullSizeRender-qut1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rev. Jon Pedigo of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church talks with service workers. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last month, a new study calculated \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/29/bay-area-income-gap-now-more-than-250000-between-top-and-bottom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the income gap\u003c/a> between the top and bottom Bay Area households at more than a quarter-million dollars, 50 percent higher than the gap nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russell Hancock, president of Joint Venture Silicon Valley, a research think tank that did \u003ca href=\"http://siliconvalleyindicators.org/special-reports/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the report\u003c/a>, says the wage gap in this region is a stark situation for workers in the service sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They make this economy hum and their wages have been stagnant,” he says. “There’s no growth in their wages over a period of decades.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley Rising took two years to get organized. Father Jon Pedigo, the pastor of Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, is one of the leaders who worked to hammer out a shared strategy for the campaign. He says extensive groundwork had to be laid down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wasn’t like, ‘Let’s all get on board and do this together.’ It was really through some meetings of getting people to listen, to talk to each other and kind of trust each other,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign is intended to focus attention on workers such as 33-year-old Maria, a cafeteria worker at Sunnyvale-based Yahoo. She doesn’t want to use her real name for fear of losing her job with Bon Appetit, the Palo Alto-based company Yahoo contracts with for food services. A single mother, she lives in a tiny trailer not far from Our Lady of Guadalupe Church.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I get paid $12 an hour, and it is hard work for $12,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After she pays for her trailer space — $700 a month — and other bills, she says she has barely $400 for food and to support her 15-year-old and 10-year-old daughters\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10600521\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10600521 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"https://youtu.be/ftUeX6f_wzs\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS16015_image1-qut1.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Yahoo cafeteria worker says she has little money left after paying $700 a month for her trailer space and her bills. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her older daughter says her mother doesn’t have the time to participate in Rising Silicon Valley activities, but hopes the organizing will pay off in her workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She feels if she keeps working there, she’ll get paid more so she does have hope,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked for comment on this story, both Yahoo and Bon Appetit emailed identical statements that said their contractors’ wages and benefits compare favorably with those across the food service industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>After the radio story aired on KQED and this blog post was published, a Yahoo spokeswoman emailed another statement that said there was a misunderstanding in sending the same statement as Bon Appetit. The spokeswoman said “fairness is a guiding principle at Yahoo and we are looking into this matter with Bon Appetit.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley companies are reluctant to discuss the issue of wages and their relationships with their service workers. And they refuse to discuss the recent labor agitation and organizing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they have to be aware of the increased activism. In February, for example, shuttle bus drivers for Yahoo, Apple, Genentech, eBay and Zynga voted to joined the Teamsters union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And tech corporations have made a number of policy changes impacting service workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Mountain View-based Google gave pay raises to its shuttle drivers, who did not join the Teamsters. Also in March, Cupertino-based Apple brought contract security workers onto its payroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menlo Park-based Facebook in May said its contractors with more than 25 employees must pay them at least $15 an hour and provide sick leave and vacation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Goler of Facebook says the social media company increased wages and benefits because it was the right thing to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve really been working on it awhile, and it sort of came from us and our thinking about what’s important to us and our business and our community,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Part 1 of two-part series on activists taking on tech companies over the wages of service workers. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/16/silicon-valley-firms-beginning-to-make-labor-concessions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 2\u003c/a> looks at how Silicon Valley corporations are responding.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Thursday 3:50 p.m.: \u003c/strong>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2015/07/09/exclusiveapple-signs-major-lease-in-north-san-jose.html?ana=twt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Business Journal\u003c/a> has reported that Apple Inc. signed a major lease for space in San Jose. Citing unnamed sources, the business publication said the Cupertino-based company has reached an agreement to lease nearly 300,000 square feet in North San Jose. The deal, if confirmed, would mark Apple’s first major entry into San Jose in quite some time. Apple wouldn’t comment on the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Part 2 of two-part series looking at why San Jose, the third largest city in California, has faced fiscal problems while the tech boom is enriching the Silicon Valley communities around it. Read \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/07/why-san-jose-is-barely-in-the-black-despite-the-tech-boom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 1 here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose, the self-described “Capitol of Silicon Valley,” is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/07/why-san-jose-is-barely-in-the-black-despite-the-tech-boom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">barely in the black\u003c/a> after years of deep deficits and painful cutbacks. Why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could say San Jose didn’t have the luck to be home to one of the tech firms that blew up in this latest boom, like Google, headquartered in Mountain View, or Facebook, based in Menlo Park. But the longer the boom goes on, the more San Jose finally may be getting a piece of the economic action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”amQD6ZjYu8t2YRGCmpFryBtpOyytyVJQ”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/stores/sanjose\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Whole Foods\u003c/a> in downtown San Jose that opened last December. It’s got its own brewery, and it’s steps away from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sapcenteratsanjose.com/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SAP Center\u003c/a>, a massive arena home to the San Jose Sharks. On warm summer nights, the open-air tap room is packed with people like Oz Rosario and his wife Jaime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did a tremendous job here,” says Oz Rosario between sips of beer. “It’s just a great ambiance to come and catch some of the city vibe of what’s going on here — the re-gentrification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rosarios came to San Jose two years ago because of his job in tech. He’s in product development at Verizon. They’ve got two kids under three years old. In many ways, they’re exactly the kind of affluent family Whole Foods expected to attract to this store when it signed the lease seven years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rob Twyman, regional president for Whole Foods Northern California, explains the calculation. “We want to be sure it’s a fairly densely populated area: high proportion of college grads proportionately, and that the site itself is strong in terms of its access, visibility and there’s an affinity for natural foods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the US Census, the median household income in San Jose is $81,829. Compare that to $75,604 in San Francisco. But San Jose lags other cities in the region in capitalizing on sales tax revenues. People shop regionally without regard for city borders. So while Whole Foods has stores in nearby small cities — Campbell and Los Gatos, and another coming soon in Santa Clara — San Jose has only two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose officials say this city of a million people serves as a bedroom community for the region. But in order to provide those residents with the city services they require, urban planners say San Jose needs to pull in more retail and corporate development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley tech companies are the city’s natural target. To start with, the city is home to tech giants from previous tech booms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be fair, Cisco Systems in North San Jose isn’t something to sneeze at,” says Paul Krutko, who was San Jose’s Chief Development Officer for eight years. “Adobe headquartering in San Jose is nothing to sneeze at. Ebay, Pay Pal. Two IBM research centers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But San Jose \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/07/big-tech-changes-character-of-downtown-redwood-city\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has been slower\u003c/a> to draw in tech companies from this latest boom, even though many of them have expanded across the region with multiple campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the very fact San Jose has lagged behind the rest of the region may now prove to be its saving grace. Much of the rest of Silicon Valley is tapped out for big spaces, and San Jose now seems relatively open and cheap by comparison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10584721\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10584721\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-800x518.jpg\" alt=\"Going shopping for Class A office space in Silicon Valley? There's a wide range of geographic options, and prices.\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-400x259.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-1440x932.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-1180x763.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-960x621.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Going shopping for Class A office space in Silicon Valley? There’s a wide range of geographic options, and prices. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Clark Steele and Laura Tu, Newmark Cornish & Carey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At least one marquee firm that essentially sidestepped San Jose in the past is now reportedly \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2015/05/20/apple-contemplates-san-jose-expansion-hat-it-means.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">circling back\u003c/a> to sniff out big properties: Apple Inc. has been looking at two locations in San Jose for expansion, according to the Silicon Valley Business Journal. The Journal, citing unnamed real estate sources, also reported that Tesla Motors Inc. had looked at one of the same sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and Tesla both declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think San Jose has been able to attract a number of companies that couldn’t afford the rents in the higher priced areas,” says Joe Horwedel, a former planning director for San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003cspan class=\"Subhead2\">Kim Walesh, \u003c/span>Director of Economic Development for San Jose, some of the tech companies that have moved into the city in the last 18 months include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>ABB\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Barracuda Networks\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Dice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Datawise\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Naprotek\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Protein Simple\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Quanta Cloud Technologies\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Univision\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Spiraledge\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Vander-Bend\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Verizon\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>There’s no telling whether Apple or Tesla will be added to the list, but news that they’re considering San Jose is gratifying to Horwedel because it suggests his 31 years spent preparing the way for development in San Jose have been worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We worked through a lot of traffic mitigation,” Horwedel says. “We worked through streamlining the approval process to go and be able to approve projects very quickly. So we set the table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10593412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10593412\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"From San Jose's perspective, too many tech buses head out of the city every work day. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From San Jose’s perspective, too many tech buses head out of the city every work day. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paul Krutko, who was San Jose’s Chief Development Officer for eight years, agrees. “You have to do some of this work way in advance. Because if you aren’t prepared, if we didn’t do anything on the site [that Apple is examining], Apple [might say] ‘We’d like to locate there,’ and you don’t have the proper zoning, the entitlements, whatever, then they can’t develop it there. They’re going to go to another site.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">A big table has been set. According to the mayor’s office, 10.3 million square feet of office and R&D space is in the pipeline in North San Jose alone, the neighborhood Apple is considering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been growing at a record clip for really the last two or three years in terms of jobs,” says Mayor Sam Liccardo. “What we’re seeing in terms of demand for sites from employers has been incredible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County Assessor Larry Stone says from the time he moved to Sunnyvale in 1970, “Everything historically has rolled from north to south: high tech companies, occupancies, vacancies, rents, roll from Palo Alto south to San Jose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says it is important that San Jose takes advantage of the current boom to lock in new tech companies. That’s because while he doesn’t think this tech boom is a bubble, he says he’s seen enough economic busts to doubt that any boom lasts forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because our cycles tend to be steeper, there’s more pressure for cities to get with it before the inevitable downturn to come.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Thursday 3:50 p.m.: \u003c/strong>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2015/07/09/exclusiveapple-signs-major-lease-in-north-san-jose.html?ana=twt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silicon Valley Business Journal\u003c/a> has reported that Apple Inc. signed a major lease for space in San Jose. Citing unnamed sources, the business publication said the Cupertino-based company has reached an agreement to lease nearly 300,000 square feet in North San Jose. The deal, if confirmed, would mark Apple’s first major entry into San Jose in quite some time. Apple wouldn’t comment on the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is Part 2 of two-part series looking at why San Jose, the third largest city in California, has faced fiscal problems while the tech boom is enriching the Silicon Valley communities around it. Read \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/07/why-san-jose-is-barely-in-the-black-despite-the-tech-boom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Part 1 here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose, the self-described “Capitol of Silicon Valley,” is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/07/why-san-jose-is-barely-in-the-black-despite-the-tech-boom\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">barely in the black\u003c/a> after years of deep deficits and painful cutbacks. Why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You could say San Jose didn’t have the luck to be home to one of the tech firms that blew up in this latest boom, like Google, headquartered in Mountain View, or Facebook, based in Menlo Park. But the longer the boom goes on, the more San Jose finally may be getting a piece of the economic action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/stores/sanjose\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Whole Foods\u003c/a> in downtown San Jose that opened last December. It’s got its own brewery, and it’s steps away from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sapcenteratsanjose.com/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SAP Center\u003c/a>, a massive arena home to the San Jose Sharks. On warm summer nights, the open-air tap room is packed with people like Oz Rosario and his wife Jaime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They did a tremendous job here,” says Oz Rosario between sips of beer. “It’s just a great ambiance to come and catch some of the city vibe of what’s going on here — the re-gentrification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rosarios came to San Jose two years ago because of his job in tech. He’s in product development at Verizon. They’ve got two kids under three years old. In many ways, they’re exactly the kind of affluent family Whole Foods expected to attract to this store when it signed the lease seven years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rob Twyman, regional president for Whole Foods Northern California, explains the calculation. “We want to be sure it’s a fairly densely populated area: high proportion of college grads proportionately, and that the site itself is strong in terms of its access, visibility and there’s an affinity for natural foods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the US Census, the median household income in San Jose is $81,829. Compare that to $75,604 in San Francisco. But San Jose lags other cities in the region in capitalizing on sales tax revenues. People shop regionally without regard for city borders. So while Whole Foods has stores in nearby small cities — Campbell and Los Gatos, and another coming soon in Santa Clara — San Jose has only two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose officials say this city of a million people serves as a bedroom community for the region. But in order to provide those residents with the city services they require, urban planners say San Jose needs to pull in more retail and corporate development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley tech companies are the city’s natural target. To start with, the city is home to tech giants from previous tech booms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be fair, Cisco Systems in North San Jose isn’t something to sneeze at,” says Paul Krutko, who was San Jose’s Chief Development Officer for eight years. “Adobe headquartering in San Jose is nothing to sneeze at. Ebay, Pay Pal. Two IBM research centers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But San Jose \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/07/big-tech-changes-character-of-downtown-redwood-city\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has been slower\u003c/a> to draw in tech companies from this latest boom, even though many of them have expanded across the region with multiple campuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the very fact San Jose has lagged behind the rest of the region may now prove to be its saving grace. Much of the rest of Silicon Valley is tapped out for big spaces, and San Jose now seems relatively open and cheap by comparison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10584721\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10584721\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-800x518.jpg\" alt=\"Going shopping for Class A office space in Silicon Valley? There's a wide range of geographic options, and prices.\" width=\"800\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-400x259.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-1440x932.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-1180x763.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut-960x621.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15942_Silicon-Valley-Class-A-Asking-Rates-Q2-2015_aerial-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Going shopping for Class A office space in Silicon Valley? There’s a wide range of geographic options, and prices. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Clark Steele and Laura Tu, Newmark Cornish & Carey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At least one marquee firm that essentially sidestepped San Jose in the past is now reportedly \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2015/05/20/apple-contemplates-san-jose-expansion-hat-it-means.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">circling back\u003c/a> to sniff out big properties: Apple Inc. has been looking at two locations in San Jose for expansion, according to the Silicon Valley Business Journal. The Journal, citing unnamed real estate sources, also reported that Tesla Motors Inc. had looked at one of the same sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple and Tesla both declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think San Jose has been able to attract a number of companies that couldn’t afford the rents in the higher priced areas,” says Joe Horwedel, a former planning director for San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003cspan class=\"Subhead2\">Kim Walesh, \u003c/span>Director of Economic Development for San Jose, some of the tech companies that have moved into the city in the last 18 months include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>ABB\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Barracuda Networks\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Dice\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Datawise\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Naprotek\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Protein Simple\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Quanta Cloud Technologies\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Univision\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Spiraledge\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Vander-Bend\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Verizon\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>There’s no telling whether Apple or Tesla will be added to the list, but news that they’re considering San Jose is gratifying to Horwedel because it suggests his 31 years spent preparing the way for development in San Jose have been worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We worked through a lot of traffic mitigation,” Horwedel says. “We worked through streamlining the approval process to go and be able to approve projects very quickly. So we set the table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10593412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10593412\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"From San Jose's perspective, too many tech buses head out of the city every work day. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15897_IMG_9728-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From San Jose’s perspective, too many tech buses head out of the city every work day. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paul Krutko, who was San Jose’s Chief Development Officer for eight years, agrees. “You have to do some of this work way in advance. Because if you aren’t prepared, if we didn’t do anything on the site [that Apple is examining], Apple [might say] ‘We’d like to locate there,’ and you don’t have the proper zoning, the entitlements, whatever, then they can’t develop it there. They’re going to go to another site.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">A big table has been set. According to the mayor’s office, 10.3 million square feet of office and R&D space is in the pipeline in North San Jose alone, the neighborhood Apple is considering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been growing at a record clip for really the last two or three years in terms of jobs,” says Mayor Sam Liccardo. “What we’re seeing in terms of demand for sites from employers has been incredible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Clara County Assessor Larry Stone says from the time he moved to Sunnyvale in 1970, “Everything historically has rolled from north to south: high tech companies, occupancies, vacancies, rents, roll from Palo Alto south to San Jose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says it is important that San Jose takes advantage of the current boom to lock in new tech companies. That’s because while he doesn’t think this tech boom is a bubble, he says he’s seen enough economic busts to doubt that any boom lasts forever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because our cycles tend to be steeper, there’s more pressure for cities to get with it before the inevitable downturn to come.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why San Jose Is Barely in the Black Despite the Tech Boom",
"title": "Why San Jose Is Barely in the Black Despite the Tech Boom",
"headTitle": "Boomtown | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>In most fire stations across America, you’ll find a fire engine ready to fight fires. But in San Jose, budget cuts forced the Fire Department to mothball a handful of engines. So some stations have trucks that can respond to medical emergencies -- but they can't put out fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you live in those areas, you see a big red vehicle in the building, and you think, 'Oh, we've got a fire engine here; we're OK,' \" explains San Jose Fire Capt. Sean Kaldor, who is also vice president of IAFF, Local 230. \"The reality is they're not carrying the water it would take to put out a fire, or to stop that fire from spreading in your house.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"2RvVMonWOFVa4cxqRSnTUYY2mIxMuSLN\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, two years ago, a house \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Serial-San-Jose-Arsonist-Sparks-Concerns-About-Fire-Department-Staffing-240190001.html\" target=\"_blank\">across the street from Station 30\u003c/a> burned. While the neighbors yelled at firefighters to do something, all they could do was call for help from other stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose's under-resourced fire stations provide just one example of the fiscal challenges facing California's third-largest city. San Jose is barely in the black after years of deep deficits and painful cutbacks. Yet all around San Jose, the Silicon Valley boom is pumping unprecedented wealth into the Bay Area. Why is San Jose -- the self-described “Heart of Silicon Valley” -- not riding the economic wave?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10585514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10585514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='Captain Sean Kaldor: \"Nationwide, the best practice for response times is six minutes. In San Jose, we set a response time standard of eight minutes. Nationwide, the standard is to achieve that 90 percent of the time. In San Jose, we set a goal of 80 percent of the time. How are we actually doing? We’re only around 72 percent of the time. And in certain areas, around certain stations, far worse than that.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose Fire Captain Sean Kaldor: \"Nationwide, the best practice for response times is six minutes. In San Jose, we set a response time standard of eight minutes. Nationwide, the standard is to achieve that 90 percent of the time. In San Jose, we set a goal of 80 percent of the time. How are we actually doing? We’re only around 68 percent of the time. And in certain areas, around certain stations, far worse than that.\" \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"In Silicon Valley, in the public sector, we live in a very different world than in the private sector,\" says Mayor Sam Liccardo. \"Many of the employers that drive Silicon Valley innovation and many of the large employers are located just outside our border, and so we don’t get necessarily all the tax revenue from all those companies’ growth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, being “wealth-adjacent” doesn’t do anything for city coffers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/213818606\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 1 million residents, San Jose is the 10th-largest city in the United State, according to the U.S. Census. But each workday, it drops to the equivalent of the 13th-largest city. That's because residents leave San Jose for jobs elsewhere in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has negative consequences for the city budget. Take sales taxes, for instance. San Jose pulls in some of the lowest revenues per capita in Santa Clara County. Every business lunch bought in Los Gatos, every pair of hiking boots in Campbell, helps to cement a regional imbalance. The smaller cities are pulling in more sales tax income relative to their population base. That applies to hotel, business, utility and parcel taxes, \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/reports/2014/finance/local-taxes/voter-approval-032014.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">too\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10582009\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 728px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10582009\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax.png\" alt=\"San Jose is bigger than other Silicon Valley cities. That translates into higher costs for San Jose, even though, as this chart shows, it's not pulling in the same kind of per capita sales tax revenues as other cities in the region are.\" width=\"728\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax.png 728w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax-400x272.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose is bigger than other Silicon Valley cities. That translates into higher costs for San Jose, even though, as this chart shows, it's not pulling in the same kind of per capita sales tax revenues as other cities in the region are. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Jose Auditor's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The more taxes a city has coming in, the more money it has to pay for services like police and fire protection. Ideally, a city cultivates a healthy mix of residential, corporate and retail taxes to pay the bills. Here again is where San Jose is out of balance: It's housing-heavy. More housing means more people who draw on city services. And in a post-Proposition 13 era when many property tax bills are more or less frozen in time, that’s a big problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did San Jose get into this budgetary pickle?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most locals start by blaming A.P. “Dutch” Hamann, city manager back in the '50s and '60s. He was the guy who started paving over farmland to create a sprawling suburb in the image of Los Angeles. (Before the city tied itself to the Silicon Valley moniker, the area was \"The Valley of Heart’s Delight.\") This video shows how dramatically the city grew after World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5sDrsHEtPI]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seemed like a good idea at the time. The \"Greatest Generation\" was raising a bumper crop of baby boomers. Defense firms were hiring locally. And Hamann could count on an ever-growing pot of property taxes because Prop 13 hadn’t passed yet. By the time he left in 1969,\u003ca href=\"http://www.spur.org/publications/article/2013-04-04/shaping-downtown-san-jose\" target=\"_blank\"> San Jose had grown\u003c/a> from 17 to 136 square miles, from 95,000 to roughly half a million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was city manager when it was the Divine Right of Kings-era of city managers,\" says Tom McEnery, mayor through much of the 1980s and the son of \"Big John\" McEnery, who was good friends with Hamann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hamann wasn’t the last housing-happy bureaucrat. Long after San Jose planners should have known better, they kept paving over not just farmland but factories, warehouses and office complexes in favor of housing, McEnery says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Thousands of acres that should have been the tax base for cops, youth workers, firefighters, et cetera, was pretty much gobbled up in a mistaken attempt to satisfy a lot of developers that didn’t deserve to be satisfied in that way,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10584434\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10584434 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"From an overpass above 280 at 8:45 a.m. on a weekday, you can see that San Jose is a net exporter of employees.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From an overpass above I-280 at 8:45 a.m. on a weekday, you can see that San Jose is a net exporter of employees. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Jose is now the biggest bedroom community in Silicon Valley, but it didn’t find the right balance to create the tax base it needs today. \u003cem>This\u003c/em> tech boom offers San Jose another chance to get that mix right. Or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is one of two exploring San Jose's struggles in the midst of this tech boom. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/08/finally-san-jose-starts-to-capitalize-on-tech-boom\" target=\"_blank\">Part 2\u003c/a> looks at how the city is finally beginning to capitalize on the wealth of tech companies expanding across the region.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In most fire stations across America, you’ll find a fire engine ready to fight fires. But in San Jose, budget cuts forced the Fire Department to mothball a handful of engines. So some stations have trucks that can respond to medical emergencies -- but they can't put out fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you live in those areas, you see a big red vehicle in the building, and you think, 'Oh, we've got a fire engine here; we're OK,' \" explains San Jose Fire Capt. Sean Kaldor, who is also vice president of IAFF, Local 230. \"The reality is they're not carrying the water it would take to put out a fire, or to stop that fire from spreading in your house.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, two years ago, a house \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/Serial-San-Jose-Arsonist-Sparks-Concerns-About-Fire-Department-Staffing-240190001.html\" target=\"_blank\">across the street from Station 30\u003c/a> burned. While the neighbors yelled at firefighters to do something, all they could do was call for help from other stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose's under-resourced fire stations provide just one example of the fiscal challenges facing California's third-largest city. San Jose is barely in the black after years of deep deficits and painful cutbacks. Yet all around San Jose, the Silicon Valley boom is pumping unprecedented wealth into the Bay Area. Why is San Jose -- the self-described “Heart of Silicon Valley” -- not riding the economic wave?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10585514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10585514\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='Captain Sean Kaldor: \"Nationwide, the best practice for response times is six minutes. In San Jose, we set a response time standard of eight minutes. Nationwide, the standard is to achieve that 90 percent of the time. In San Jose, we set a goal of 80 percent of the time. How are we actually doing? We’re only around 72 percent of the time. And in certain areas, around certain stations, far worse than that.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15947_Sean-Kaldor.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose Fire Captain Sean Kaldor: \"Nationwide, the best practice for response times is six minutes. In San Jose, we set a response time standard of eight minutes. Nationwide, the standard is to achieve that 90 percent of the time. In San Jose, we set a goal of 80 percent of the time. How are we actually doing? We’re only around 68 percent of the time. And in certain areas, around certain stations, far worse than that.\" \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"In Silicon Valley, in the public sector, we live in a very different world than in the private sector,\" says Mayor Sam Liccardo. \"Many of the employers that drive Silicon Valley innovation and many of the large employers are located just outside our border, and so we don’t get necessarily all the tax revenue from all those companies’ growth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, being “wealth-adjacent” doesn’t do anything for city coffers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/213818606&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/213818606'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 1 million residents, San Jose is the 10th-largest city in the United State, according to the U.S. Census. But each workday, it drops to the equivalent of the 13th-largest city. That's because residents leave San Jose for jobs elsewhere in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has negative consequences for the city budget. Take sales taxes, for instance. San Jose pulls in some of the lowest revenues per capita in Santa Clara County. Every business lunch bought in Los Gatos, every pair of hiking boots in Campbell, helps to cement a regional imbalance. The smaller cities are pulling in more sales tax income relative to their population base. That applies to hotel, business, utility and parcel taxes, \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/reports/2014/finance/local-taxes/voter-approval-032014.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">too\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10582009\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 728px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10582009\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax.png\" alt=\"San Jose is bigger than other Silicon Valley cities. That translates into higher costs for San Jose, even though, as this chart shows, it's not pulling in the same kind of per capita sales tax revenues as other cities in the region are.\" width=\"728\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax.png 728w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/salestax-400x272.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose is bigger than other Silicon Valley cities. That translates into higher costs for San Jose, even though, as this chart shows, it's not pulling in the same kind of per capita sales tax revenues as other cities in the region are. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San Jose Auditor's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The more taxes a city has coming in, the more money it has to pay for services like police and fire protection. Ideally, a city cultivates a healthy mix of residential, corporate and retail taxes to pay the bills. Here again is where San Jose is out of balance: It's housing-heavy. More housing means more people who draw on city services. And in a post-Proposition 13 era when many property tax bills are more or less frozen in time, that’s a big problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did San Jose get into this budgetary pickle?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most locals start by blaming A.P. “Dutch” Hamann, city manager back in the '50s and '60s. He was the guy who started paving over farmland to create a sprawling suburb in the image of Los Angeles. (Before the city tied itself to the Silicon Valley moniker, the area was \"The Valley of Heart’s Delight.\") This video shows how dramatically the city grew after World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/y5sDrsHEtPI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/y5sDrsHEtPI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It seemed like a good idea at the time. The \"Greatest Generation\" was raising a bumper crop of baby boomers. Defense firms were hiring locally. And Hamann could count on an ever-growing pot of property taxes because Prop 13 hadn’t passed yet. By the time he left in 1969,\u003ca href=\"http://www.spur.org/publications/article/2013-04-04/shaping-downtown-san-jose\" target=\"_blank\"> San Jose had grown\u003c/a> from 17 to 136 square miles, from 95,000 to roughly half a million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was city manager when it was the Divine Right of Kings-era of city managers,\" says Tom McEnery, mayor through much of the 1980s and the son of \"Big John\" McEnery, who was good friends with Hamann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hamann wasn’t the last housing-happy bureaucrat. Long after San Jose planners should have known better, they kept paving over not just farmland but factories, warehouses and office complexes in favor of housing, McEnery says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Thousands of acres that should have been the tax base for cops, youth workers, firefighters, et cetera, was pretty much gobbled up in a mistaken attempt to satisfy a lot of developers that didn’t deserve to be satisfied in that way,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10584434\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10584434 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"From an overpass above 280 at 8:45 a.m. on a weekday, you can see that San Jose is a net exporter of employees.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/07/RS15941_280-Traffic-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From an overpass above I-280 at 8:45 a.m. on a weekday, you can see that San Jose is a net exporter of employees. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Jose is now the biggest bedroom community in Silicon Valley, but it didn’t find the right balance to create the tax base it needs today. \u003cem>This\u003c/em> tech boom offers San Jose another chance to get that mix right. Or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is one of two exploring San Jose's struggles in the midst of this tech boom. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/08/finally-san-jose-starts-to-capitalize-on-tech-boom\" target=\"_blank\">Part 2\u003c/a> looks at how the city is finally beginning to capitalize on the wealth of tech companies expanding across the region.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Supreme Court Upholds San Jose's Affordable Housing Rules",
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"content": "\u003cp>UPDATE 9/15/15: The Pacific Legal Foundation, representing the California Building Industry Association, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificlegal.org/releases/release-9-15-15-CBIA-San-Jose-4-1508\" target=\"_blank\">appealed\u003c/a> \u003cem>California Building Industry Association v. City of San Jose\u003c/em> to the US Supreme Court. Legal analysts are split on whether the highest court in the land is likely to take the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, the California Supreme Court\u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/documents/S212072.PDF\" target=\"_blank\"> sided\u003c/a> with the city of San Jose in a case that could affect affordable housing rules all over the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cacities.org/\" target=\"_blank\">League of California Cities\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.counties.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California State Association of Counties\u003c/a> estimate more than 170 municipalities have some kind of ordinance on the books to tackle the fact that real estate, especially in coastal markets, has become increasingly unaffordable for many renters and would-be homeowners. Both groups backed San Jose in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, San Jose tried to require that all new residential developments of 20 units or more set aside 15 percent of those units for sale below the market rate. Developers could opt out of building affordable units by paying a fee. That’s pretty common, a tactic that goes by the name \"inclusionary zoning,\" but the city side-stepped the usual study showing a relationship between the development of for-sale housing and the city’s need for affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Jose Knew It Was Breaking New Ground\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were the largest city that was applying inclusionary housing citywide,\" explains San Jose’s interim Housing Director Jacky Morales-Ferrand. \"In addition to that, we used our legislative powers to impose inclusionary on developers. What we said was that because affordable housing is such a priority of the highest order, cities should have the power to legislate this requirement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbia.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Building Industry Association\u003c/a> sued, calling the new ordinance an unconstitutional taking of property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of San Francisco law professor Tim Iglesias organized and co-wrote an amicus brief for the city of San Jose. \"Most inclusionary ordinances give developers a number of different ways to comply with the requirement. So what the opponents have done is to seize on those alternative options and say, 'Hey look: This is an exaction,' which is kind of a term of art in law that makes the city have to justify that requirement in a different, stricter way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/210511868\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Santa Clara County judge invalidated San Jose's ordinance in 2012, referencing a case called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/san-remo-hotel-v-city-and-county-san-francisco-32243\" target=\"_blank\">San Remo Hotel L.P. v. City & County of San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003c/em>but an appeals court rejected that reasoning a year later, and now the state Supreme Court has, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Court Cites \"Epic Proportions\" of Affording Housing Crisis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noting the state's well-established scarcity of affordable housing, the ruling says: \"These problems have become more severe and have reached what might be described as epic proportions in many of the state's localities.\" The court goes on to note: \"The Court of Appeal held that the appropriate legal standard by which the validity of the ordinance is to be judged is the ordinary standard that past California decisions have uniformly applied.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court wrote the conditions imposed by the San Jose ordinance did not constitute \"exactions\" that would bring the US or state constitutions into play. In addition, the court said enforcing those limits to address the city's affordable housing problem was \"constitutionally legitimate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo wrote: \"I only regret that it required a Supreme Court ruling to uphold the ordinance, because we could have had the benefit of several years of implementation of this important tool.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iglesias and Jacky Morales-Ferrand say the next step for cities and affordable housing advocates is to head to the state Legislature to allow for more expansive inclusionary zoning measures to be applied to rental housing as well as new units for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does the California Building Industry Association intend to appeal? Anthony Francois is a senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificlegal.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pacific Legal Foundation\u003c/a>, which is representing the plaintiff. \"All options are under consideration,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think it's a very disappointing decision from the standpoint of property rights,\" Francois adds. \"The ruling allows local governments to impose financial penalties on anyone who provides new housing, and unfortunately, we believe that can only deter efforts by builders to ease the state's housing shortage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The case is CALIFORNIA BUILDING INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION v. CITY OF SAN JOSE et al. (AFFORDABLE HOUSING NETWORK OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY et al.) \u003ca href=\"http://appellatecases.courtinfo.ca.gov/search/case/mainCaseScreen.cfm?dist=0&doc_id=2051066&doc_no=S212072\" target=\"_blank\">S212072 \u003c/a>(H038563; Santa Clara County Superior Court – CV167289)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>UPDATE 9/15/15: The Pacific Legal Foundation, representing the California Building Industry Association, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificlegal.org/releases/release-9-15-15-CBIA-San-Jose-4-1508\" target=\"_blank\">appealed\u003c/a> \u003cem>California Building Industry Association v. City of San Jose\u003c/em> to the US Supreme Court. Legal analysts are split on whether the highest court in the land is likely to take the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, the California Supreme Court\u003ca href=\"http://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/documents/S212072.PDF\" target=\"_blank\"> sided\u003c/a> with the city of San Jose in a case that could affect affordable housing rules all over the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cacities.org/\" target=\"_blank\">League of California Cities\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.counties.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California State Association of Counties\u003c/a> estimate more than 170 municipalities have some kind of ordinance on the books to tackle the fact that real estate, especially in coastal markets, has become increasingly unaffordable for many renters and would-be homeowners. Both groups backed San Jose in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years ago, San Jose tried to require that all new residential developments of 20 units or more set aside 15 percent of those units for sale below the market rate. Developers could opt out of building affordable units by paying a fee. That’s pretty common, a tactic that goes by the name \"inclusionary zoning,\" but the city side-stepped the usual study showing a relationship between the development of for-sale housing and the city’s need for affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Jose Knew It Was Breaking New Ground\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were the largest city that was applying inclusionary housing citywide,\" explains San Jose’s interim Housing Director Jacky Morales-Ferrand. \"In addition to that, we used our legislative powers to impose inclusionary on developers. What we said was that because affordable housing is such a priority of the highest order, cities should have the power to legislate this requirement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbia.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Building Industry Association\u003c/a> sued, calling the new ordinance an unconstitutional taking of property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>University of San Francisco law professor Tim Iglesias organized and co-wrote an amicus brief for the city of San Jose. \"Most inclusionary ordinances give developers a number of different ways to comply with the requirement. So what the opponents have done is to seize on those alternative options and say, 'Hey look: This is an exaction,' which is kind of a term of art in law that makes the city have to justify that requirement in a different, stricter way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/210511868&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/210511868'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Santa Clara County judge invalidated San Jose's ordinance in 2012, referencing a case called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/san-remo-hotel-v-city-and-county-san-francisco-32243\" target=\"_blank\">San Remo Hotel L.P. v. City & County of San Francisco\u003c/a>, \u003c/em>but an appeals court rejected that reasoning a year later, and now the state Supreme Court has, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Court Cites \"Epic Proportions\" of Affording Housing Crisis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noting the state's well-established scarcity of affordable housing, the ruling says: \"These problems have become more severe and have reached what might be described as epic proportions in many of the state's localities.\" The court goes on to note: \"The Court of Appeal held that the appropriate legal standard by which the validity of the ordinance is to be judged is the ordinary standard that past California decisions have uniformly applied.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court wrote the conditions imposed by the San Jose ordinance did not constitute \"exactions\" that would bring the US or state constitutions into play. In addition, the court said enforcing those limits to address the city's affordable housing problem was \"constitutionally legitimate.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo wrote: \"I only regret that it required a Supreme Court ruling to uphold the ordinance, because we could have had the benefit of several years of implementation of this important tool.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Iglesias and Jacky Morales-Ferrand say the next step for cities and affordable housing advocates is to head to the state Legislature to allow for more expansive inclusionary zoning measures to be applied to rental housing as well as new units for sale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does the California Building Industry Association intend to appeal? Anthony Francois is a senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacificlegal.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Pacific Legal Foundation\u003c/a>, which is representing the plaintiff. \"All options are under consideration,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think it's a very disappointing decision from the standpoint of property rights,\" Francois adds. \"The ruling allows local governments to impose financial penalties on anyone who provides new housing, and unfortunately, we believe that can only deter efforts by builders to ease the state's housing shortage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The case is CALIFORNIA BUILDING INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION v. CITY OF SAN JOSE et al. (AFFORDABLE HOUSING NETWORK OF SANTA CLARA COUNTY et al.) \u003ca href=\"http://appellatecases.courtinfo.ca.gov/search/case/mainCaseScreen.cfm?dist=0&doc_id=2051066&doc_no=S212072\" target=\"_blank\">S212072 \u003c/a>(H038563; Santa Clara County Superior Court – CV167289)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maybe I'm buying into something that's not quite real, but San Jose, the big city that sprawls south from the shallows of San Francisco Bay, has always seemed to have a little bit of an inferiority complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One for-instance: In his inaugural speech earlier this year, the city's new mayor, Sam Liccardo, took as his theme the question, \"What is San Jose's identity?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, it's tough to be just down the road from San Francisco, a city that's been convinced since its ferocious, flea-infested Gold Rush beginnings that it is, and by right ought to be, the center of the universe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's motto is, \"Gold in peace. Iron in war.\" Rendered in Spanish: \"Oro en paz. Fierro en guerra.\" That has a fine, classy ring to it. San Jose's \"motto\" is something about being the capital of Silicon Valley, which many have noted is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/San-Jose-Small-Town-Big-Slogan-3142452.php\" target=\"_blank\">only sort of true\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of St. Joseph has also toyed with the slogan, \"San Jose. Small Town Heart. Big City Soul.\" If the soul of a city is measured by its freeway density, sure, I'll buy that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose does have some major league cred. It's the home of the Sharks, a fine but somehow perennially disappointing National Hockey League franchise (ask to see the team's collection of Stanley Cup championships). And home of the Earthquakes, an entertaining Major League Soccer unit playing in a nifty new stadium that may divert attention from its mostly non-winning ways. It's the would-be home of the Oakland A's, if only the stars and the rich guys who run Major League Baseball would align.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, including the lawyers representing the city in its quest to convince the federal courts that San Jose should have the A's, have argued the city deserves the team because of its size. San Jose big, Oakland small, they observe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, maybe, though most of the cities that have been found worthy of major league franchises -- Kansas City, St. Louis, Seattle, St. Petersburg (Florida), Miami, Atlanta, Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Boston, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit, Milwaukee, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Denver, Phoenix and yes, San Francisco -- are smaller than San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, well, this is where I back into our news. The U.S. Census Bureau on Thursday confirmed the city is kind of a big deal, \u003ca href=\"http://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/newsroom/releases/2015/cb15-89_graphic.pdf?eml=gd&utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\" target=\"_blank\">anointing San Jose\u003c/a> as one of 10 U.S. cities with 1 million people or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a city that didn't even have 100,000 residents \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/SanJose50.htm\" target=\"_blank\">in 1950\u003c/a>, that's saying something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing it may say is, \"Relax, San Jose -- you matter. Look, you're No. 10!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that whole thing about city character? Well, you grew up in a different era than other big cities. When you came of age, it was no longer cool to openly indulge in every brand of greed, graft and grotesque behavior that gave those other places, from vice-filled Gotham to big-shouldered Chicago to Barbary Coast San Francisco, their reps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose may be more in sync with the age -- an era in which we're all encouraged to ask, \"Who am I?\" -- than any of those other towns. Part of that answer now is \"1 million strong.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maybe I'm buying into something that's not quite real, but San Jose, the big city that sprawls south from the shallows of San Francisco Bay, has always seemed to have a little bit of an inferiority complex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One for-instance: In his inaugural speech earlier this year, the city's new mayor, Sam Liccardo, took as his theme the question, \"What is San Jose's identity?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, it's tough to be just down the road from San Francisco, a city that's been convinced since its ferocious, flea-infested Gold Rush beginnings that it is, and by right ought to be, the center of the universe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's motto is, \"Gold in peace. Iron in war.\" Rendered in Spanish: \"Oro en paz. Fierro en guerra.\" That has a fine, classy ring to it. San Jose's \"motto\" is something about being the capital of Silicon Valley, which many have noted is \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/San-Jose-Small-Town-Big-Slogan-3142452.php\" target=\"_blank\">only sort of true\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of St. Joseph has also toyed with the slogan, \"San Jose. Small Town Heart. Big City Soul.\" If the soul of a city is measured by its freeway density, sure, I'll buy that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose does have some major league cred. It's the home of the Sharks, a fine but somehow perennially disappointing National Hockey League franchise (ask to see the team's collection of Stanley Cup championships). And home of the Earthquakes, an entertaining Major League Soccer unit playing in a nifty new stadium that may divert attention from its mostly non-winning ways. It's the would-be home of the Oakland A's, if only the stars and the rich guys who run Major League Baseball would align.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, including the lawyers representing the city in its quest to convince the federal courts that San Jose should have the A's, have argued the city deserves the team because of its size. San Jose big, Oakland small, they observe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, maybe, though most of the cities that have been found worthy of major league franchises -- Kansas City, St. Louis, Seattle, St. Petersburg (Florida), Miami, Atlanta, Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Boston, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Detroit, Milwaukee, Minneapolis-St. Paul, Denver, Phoenix and yes, San Francisco -- are smaller than San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, well, this is where I back into our news. The U.S. Census Bureau on Thursday confirmed the city is kind of a big deal, \u003ca href=\"http://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/newsroom/releases/2015/cb15-89_graphic.pdf?eml=gd&utm_medium=email&utm_source=govdelivery\" target=\"_blank\">anointing San Jose\u003c/a> as one of 10 U.S. cities with 1 million people or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a city that didn't even have 100,000 residents \u003ca href=\"http://www.bayareacensus.ca.gov/cities/SanJose50.htm\" target=\"_blank\">in 1950\u003c/a>, that's saying something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing it may say is, \"Relax, San Jose -- you matter. Look, you're No. 10!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that whole thing about city character? Well, you grew up in a different era than other big cities. When you came of age, it was no longer cool to openly indulge in every brand of greed, graft and grotesque behavior that gave those other places, from vice-filled Gotham to big-shouldered Chicago to Barbary Coast San Francisco, their reps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose may be more in sync with the age -- an era in which we're all encouraged to ask, \"Who am I?\" -- than any of those other towns. Part of that answer now is \"1 million strong.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/205632432&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After decades of federal and state scientists working on plans to save the Delta smelt — and years of court fights over those plans — the tiny, commercially unimportant fish is on the verge of disappearing altogether from its native waters. And now, yet another threat to the fish has emerged: the dredging that keeps shipping channels open between San Francisco Bay and the ports of Sacramento and Stockton. Now we ask — why the heck should anyone care?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2015/05/13/as-delta-smelt-nears-extinction-new-concerns-emerge-over-bay-dredging/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">As Delta Smelt Nears Extinction, Concerns Emerge Over Dredging\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/12/supreme-court-rejects-appeal-of-delta-smelt-ruling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Supreme Court Rejects Appeal of Delta Smelt Ruling\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Another story that has been with us and just \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/rW9-FOLG-iA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">won’t go away\u003c/a>: the $6.5 billion eastern span of the Bay Bridge and its still-unfolding list of construction flaws. Is the bridge going to fall down? Or will we just need to spend a few billion more to make it perfect?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201505140900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Flaws in Bay Bridge Rods Renew Quake Safety Questions\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/the-new-bay-bridge-earthquake-makeover/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Quest: The New Bay Bridge Earthquake Makeover (2010)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And this week, San Jose residents got the news that they’ll face a new system of water rates designed to enforce conservation during the drought. How effective will that be and will it run afoul of a recent state court ruling that appears to ban conservation rates that don’t adhere to strict guidelines about cost of service?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/mandatory-water-rationing-on-the-way-for-san-jose\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mandatory Water Rationing on the Way to San Jose\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>San Jose Mercury News: \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/news/ci_28102311/california-drought:-how-san-joses-mandatory-water-rationing-will-work\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">How San Jose’s Mandatory Water Rationing Will Work \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/205632432&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After decades of federal and state scientists working on plans to save the Delta smelt — and years of court fights over those plans — the tiny, commercially unimportant fish is on the verge of disappearing altogether from its native waters. And now, yet another threat to the fish has emerged: the dredging that keeps shipping channels open between San Francisco Bay and the ports of Sacramento and Stockton. Now we ask — why the heck should anyone care?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2015/05/13/as-delta-smelt-nears-extinction-new-concerns-emerge-over-bay-dredging/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">As Delta Smelt Nears Extinction, Concerns Emerge Over Dredging\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/01/12/supreme-court-rejects-appeal-of-delta-smelt-ruling\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">U.S. Supreme Court Rejects Appeal of Delta Smelt Ruling\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Another story that has been with us and just \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/rW9-FOLG-iA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">won’t go away\u003c/a>: the $6.5 billion eastern span of the Bay Bridge and its still-unfolding list of construction flaws. Is the bridge going to fall down? Or will we just need to spend a few billion more to make it perfect?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201505140900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Flaws in Bay Bridge Rods Renew Quake Safety Questions\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/the-new-bay-bridge-earthquake-makeover/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED Quest: The New Bay Bridge Earthquake Makeover (2010)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And this week, San Jose residents got the news that they’ll face a new system of water rates designed to enforce conservation during the drought. How effective will that be and will it run afoul of a recent state court ruling that appears to ban conservation rates that don’t adhere to strict guidelines about cost of service?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Hard Row to Hoe: Japanese Farming in the Santa Clara Valley",
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"headTitle": "Hard Row to Hoe: Japanese Farming in the Santa Clara Valley | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>This year marks the 125th anniversary of Japantown in San Jose. To celebrate, the neighborhood will host a festival called \u003ca href=\"http://www.nikkeimatsuri.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nikkei Matsuri\u003c/a> this coming Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is one of only three historic Japantowns still thriving in the United States, and the only one rooted in the history of California agriculture. In a time before semiconductor chips and suburban housing, the region in and around San Jose was largely farmland, much of it farmed by Japanese-American families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s Japantown was the heart of the community, and that’s where you’ll find the \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamsj.org/japanese-american-history-museum-san-jose/resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a>. Jimi Yamaichi, 92, is one of the curators of the museum’s exhibition on Japanese farming. But more than that, he himself used to work the fields northeast of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459646\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459646 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. \"It was hard living.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. ‘It was hard living.’ \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi vividly remembers what it was like to grow up on his dad’s row crop farm in Berryessa during the Great Depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beans, cucumbers and squash and other bell peppers, and tomatoes, and other things. But the beans and cucumber, that’s what he was known for,” Yamaichi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to supplying local markets, the Yamaichis sent 200 boxes to Los Angeles on Tuesdays, and another 200 on Saturdays. They shipped produce as far as Denver and Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimi was the fourth child out of 10. It was a working childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d get up early in the morning, at 6 o’clock, and we’d cut lettuce for about two hours,” he recalls. “Around 8:30, my dad says, ‘Well, go and clean up.’ ” You can listen to him tell his story \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/rmyrow/japaneseag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His dad drove them to elementary school in time for the 9 o’clock bell, then picked them up when school was out at 3 to return to the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not the only ones doing it,” Yamaichi says. “Everybody else was doing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, not everyone. The non-Japanese farmers, he admits, didn’t work quite so hard, and they didn’t necessarily take kindly to the Japanese-Americans who did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459648 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A produce crate from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A produce crate from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, there are just a handful of Japanese-owned farms and nurseries in the region. But at one time, before World War II, the area around San Jose was dotted with hundreds of Japanese farms growing vegetables for local and regional markets. The story of why they were here, and how they were here, is one of sorrow and suffering, but also success against the odds and the weight of fierce prejudice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometime around 1890, Japanese laborers escaping the grim plantation work of Hawaii began to settle around San Jose. Especially after the \u003ca href=\"ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-admin/post.php?post=10459596&action=edit&message=10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882\u003c/a>, white farmers were eager for alternative sources of cheap labor to pick crops. Some Japanese immigrants saved enough money to buy their own farmland, but California changed the law, several times, to make it close to impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Columbia University Professor \u003ca href=\"https://sipa.columbia.edu/faculty/gary-okihiro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Gary Okihiro\u003c/a> co-wrote a history of Japanese farming in the Santa Clara Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The land laws were called \u003ca href=\"http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Alien_land_laws/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alien land laws\u003c/a>,” he says, “because they were directed at aliens ineligible for citizenship, which meant only Asian people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Japanese had no choice but to work as sharecroppers. Others set up land trusts, or began to have American-born children in the hopes that the first to reach maturity would be able to own the farm for the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the farmers were farming on land that did not belong to them, in fact, but to some other person, a white landowner,” Okihiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1929, Jimi Yamaichi’s father, Kaneichi Yamaichi, found a way around California law: a white man willing to own 21 acres for him — in exchange for a “royalty,” which today would amount to more than $27,000 a year, staked on nothing more than a handshake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of World War II, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonoma.edu/asc/projects/sanjose/Part_of_San_Jose_History.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">roughly 4,000\u003c/a> Japanese lived in the Santa Clara Valley. They were just beginning to bounce back from the Great Depression when the federal government forced them into internment camps away from the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVyIa11ZtAE]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This short film from the United States Office Of War Information — produced as part of the government effort to justify uprooting 120,000 people of Japanese descent — puts a somewhat sunny spin on \u003ca href=\"http://www.archives.gov/historical-docs/todays-doc/?dod-date=219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Executive Order 9066\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Japanese sent to camps in 1942 had to liquidate everything they couldn’t carry with them, and at fire-sale prices: farms, homes, cars, businesses. Japanese-Americans left $22 million of crops in the ground across California. The government saw to it that those crops were harvested, but not that the farmers were compensated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the war was over, many of them returned home destitute and demoralized. They converted buildings in San Jose’s Japantown into makeshift barracks while they figured out what to do next. KTEH broadcast a compelling documentary about that period in history, called “Return to the Valley.” Jimi Yamaichi is one of the people featured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muvqPCy1j_0]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi’s family spent the war years in the internment camps at \u003ca href=\"http://www.heartmountain.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Heart Mountain\u003c/a> in Wyoming and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/tule/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tule Lake\u003c/a> in California. Jimi’s dad was better off than most. A sympathetic insurance agent he’d worked with offered to guard his farm. But that doesn’t mean it was easy to start all over again when the war was over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ ’Course, he was quite a heavy drinker,” Yamaichi says. “They were all drinkers, you know. Got to the point where it pickled him to death, I think!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many in the Japan-born generation known as \u003cem>issei\u003c/em>, Kaneichi Yamaichi kept a lot of feelings about his life bottled up inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sake was his drink of choice, and when the war broke out, couldn’t get no more,” Jimi Yamaichi says. “He turned to whiskey. One fifth a day. That’s a lot of whiskey to drink, hunh?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the war, American farming was growing increasingly mechanized, moving from horses to tractors, requiring bigger farms to turn a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the American-born \u003cem>nisei,\u003c/em> like Jimi Yamaichi, wanted out of farming. But younger children followed their parents onto new fields, raising labor-intensive crops they could produce on small plots of land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459653 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Today, there's almost no evidence how prevalent Japanese farms once were in and around San Jose. A map from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese American farms in the area around 1958.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese-American farms in the area around 1958.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon Kimura was one of those children, back in the 1950s. “I picked 10 crates of strawberries to get money to buy my first Timex watch,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And where did Kimura go to get the watch?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came to here to Japantown to Jackson Jewelers [now defunct],” Kimura says. “There always was a feeling that this was home for the JA community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, as the rise of Silicon Valley made land more expensive, the strawberry industry moved south to Watsonville and Salinas. The flower business \u003ca href=\"http://www.gpnmag.com/california-cut-flower-industry-still-decline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moved overseas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With each passing generation, it became easier for Japanese-Americans to find work outside of agriculture — and to buy homes in neighborhoods previously closed to them. More and more of the community in the Santa Clara Valley dispersed across the Bay Area, California and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japantown San Jose is still a cultural center, with churches, restaurants, shops and, of course, the museum. But it doesn’t have quite the vibrancy that Kimura remembers from his childhood. “Maybe it’s a function of, if you will, at becoming too successful integrating into mainstream America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the love cuts both ways now. Japantown San Jose has become a fond focal point for the whole city, one locals proudly point to as part of their collective heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10460214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10460214 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"On April 26th, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-400x290.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1440x1046.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-768x558.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-320x232.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg 1902w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On April 26, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary \u003ccite>(Takahiro Kitamura)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This year marks the 125th anniversary of Japantown in San Jose. To celebrate, the neighborhood will host a festival called \u003ca href=\"http://www.nikkeimatsuri.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nikkei Matsuri\u003c/a> this coming Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is one of only three historic Japantowns still thriving in the United States, and the only one rooted in the history of California agriculture. In a time before semiconductor chips and suburban housing, the region in and around San Jose was largely farmland, much of it farmed by Japanese-American families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s Japantown was the heart of the community, and that’s where you’ll find the \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamsj.org/japanese-american-history-museum-san-jose/resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a>. Jimi Yamaichi, 92, is one of the curators of the museum’s exhibition on Japanese farming. But more than that, he himself used to work the fields northeast of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459646\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459646 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. \"It was hard living.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. ‘It was hard living.’ \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi vividly remembers what it was like to grow up on his dad’s row crop farm in Berryessa during the Great Depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beans, cucumbers and squash and other bell peppers, and tomatoes, and other things. But the beans and cucumber, that’s what he was known for,” Yamaichi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to supplying local markets, the Yamaichis sent 200 boxes to Los Angeles on Tuesdays, and another 200 on Saturdays. They shipped produce as far as Denver and Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimi was the fourth child out of 10. It was a working childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d get up early in the morning, at 6 o’clock, and we’d cut lettuce for about two hours,” he recalls. “Around 8:30, my dad says, ‘Well, go and clean up.’ ” You can listen to him tell his story \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/rmyrow/japaneseag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His dad drove them to elementary school in time for the 9 o’clock bell, then picked them up when school was out at 3 to return to the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not the only ones doing it,” Yamaichi says. “Everybody else was doing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, not everyone. The non-Japanese farmers, he admits, didn’t work quite so hard, and they didn’t necessarily take kindly to the Japanese-Americans who did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459648 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A produce crate from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A produce crate from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, there are just a handful of Japanese-owned farms and nurseries in the region. But at one time, before World War II, the area around San Jose was dotted with hundreds of Japanese farms growing vegetables for local and regional markets. The story of why they were here, and how they were here, is one of sorrow and suffering, but also success against the odds and the weight of fierce prejudice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometime around 1890, Japanese laborers escaping the grim plantation work of Hawaii began to settle around San Jose. Especially after the \u003ca href=\"ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-admin/post.php?post=10459596&action=edit&message=10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882\u003c/a>, white farmers were eager for alternative sources of cheap labor to pick crops. Some Japanese immigrants saved enough money to buy their own farmland, but California changed the law, several times, to make it close to impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Columbia University Professor \u003ca href=\"https://sipa.columbia.edu/faculty/gary-okihiro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Gary Okihiro\u003c/a> co-wrote a history of Japanese farming in the Santa Clara Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The land laws were called \u003ca href=\"http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Alien_land_laws/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alien land laws\u003c/a>,” he says, “because they were directed at aliens ineligible for citizenship, which meant only Asian people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Japanese had no choice but to work as sharecroppers. Others set up land trusts, or began to have American-born children in the hopes that the first to reach maturity would be able to own the farm for the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the farmers were farming on land that did not belong to them, in fact, but to some other person, a white landowner,” Okihiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1929, Jimi Yamaichi’s father, Kaneichi Yamaichi, found a way around California law: a white man willing to own 21 acres for him — in exchange for a “royalty,” which today would amount to more than $27,000 a year, staked on nothing more than a handshake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of World War II, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonoma.edu/asc/projects/sanjose/Part_of_San_Jose_History.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">roughly 4,000\u003c/a> Japanese lived in the Santa Clara Valley. They were just beginning to bounce back from the Great Depression when the federal government forced them into internment camps away from the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/yVyIa11ZtAE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/yVyIa11ZtAE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This short film from the United States Office Of War Information — produced as part of the government effort to justify uprooting 120,000 people of Japanese descent — puts a somewhat sunny spin on \u003ca href=\"http://www.archives.gov/historical-docs/todays-doc/?dod-date=219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Executive Order 9066\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Japanese sent to camps in 1942 had to liquidate everything they couldn’t carry with them, and at fire-sale prices: farms, homes, cars, businesses. Japanese-Americans left $22 million of crops in the ground across California. The government saw to it that those crops were harvested, but not that the farmers were compensated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the war was over, many of them returned home destitute and demoralized. They converted buildings in San Jose’s Japantown into makeshift barracks while they figured out what to do next. KTEH broadcast a compelling documentary about that period in history, called “Return to the Valley.” Jimi Yamaichi is one of the people featured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/muvqPCy1j_0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/muvqPCy1j_0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi’s family spent the war years in the internment camps at \u003ca href=\"http://www.heartmountain.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Heart Mountain\u003c/a> in Wyoming and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/tule/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tule Lake\u003c/a> in California. Jimi’s dad was better off than most. A sympathetic insurance agent he’d worked with offered to guard his farm. But that doesn’t mean it was easy to start all over again when the war was over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ ’Course, he was quite a heavy drinker,” Yamaichi says. “They were all drinkers, you know. Got to the point where it pickled him to death, I think!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many in the Japan-born generation known as \u003cem>issei\u003c/em>, Kaneichi Yamaichi kept a lot of feelings about his life bottled up inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sake was his drink of choice, and when the war broke out, couldn’t get no more,” Jimi Yamaichi says. “He turned to whiskey. One fifth a day. That’s a lot of whiskey to drink, hunh?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the war, American farming was growing increasingly mechanized, moving from horses to tractors, requiring bigger farms to turn a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the American-born \u003cem>nisei,\u003c/em> like Jimi Yamaichi, wanted out of farming. But younger children followed their parents onto new fields, raising labor-intensive crops they could produce on small plots of land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459653 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Today, there's almost no evidence how prevalent Japanese farms once were in and around San Jose. A map from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese American farms in the area around 1958.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese-American farms in the area around 1958.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon Kimura was one of those children, back in the 1950s. “I picked 10 crates of strawberries to get money to buy my first Timex watch,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And where did Kimura go to get the watch?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came to here to Japantown to Jackson Jewelers [now defunct],” Kimura says. “There always was a feeling that this was home for the JA community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, as the rise of Silicon Valley made land more expensive, the strawberry industry moved south to Watsonville and Salinas. The flower business \u003ca href=\"http://www.gpnmag.com/california-cut-flower-industry-still-decline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moved overseas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With each passing generation, it became easier for Japanese-Americans to find work outside of agriculture — and to buy homes in neighborhoods previously closed to them. More and more of the community in the Santa Clara Valley dispersed across the Bay Area, California and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japantown San Jose is still a cultural center, with churches, restaurants, shops and, of course, the museum. But it doesn’t have quite the vibrancy that Kimura remembers from his childhood. “Maybe it’s a function of, if you will, at becoming too successful integrating into mainstream America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the love cuts both ways now. Japantown San Jose has become a fond focal point for the whole city, one locals proudly point to as part of their collective heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10460214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10460214 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"On April 26th, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-400x290.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1440x1046.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-768x558.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-320x232.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg 1902w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On April 26, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary \u003ccite>(Takahiro Kitamura)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "San Jose City Council Race: Orozco Maintains Lead, Nguyen and Diep Close",
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"headTitle": "San Jose City Council Race: Orozco Maintains Lead, Nguyen and Diep Close | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Thursday 9:05 a.m.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 98 percent of the ballots counted, here’s how the \u003ca href=\"http://results.enr.clarityelections.com/CA/Santa_Clara/55313/151229/Web01/en/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">race stands\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tim Orozco 2,230 votes 22.03%\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Manh Nguyen 1,940 votes 19.16%\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Lan Diep 1,912 votes 18.89%\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The top two vote-getters will move on to a June 23 runoff. The registrar’s office said the outcome of the race should be known by Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Wednesday 11:50 a.m.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters office said there will be a June 23 runoff between the top two vote-getters in a special election for a District 4 City Council seat in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 86 percent of the vote in, Tim Orozco is now leading the race by 264 votes, followed by Manh Nguyen and Lan Diep, who are just seven votes apart. There are still 1,580 ballots left to count, mostly mail-in votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winner of the race, who will represent north San Jose, will replace Kansen Chu and could shift the balance of power in City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philip Chantri, a spokesman for the registrar’s office, said the outcome should be known by Friday. There is a new state law allowing for receipt and counting of ballots postmarked by election day as long as they are received and counted at the registrar’s office three days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The registrar’s office said it expects 25 percent voter turnout after all the ballots are counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials will certify the race on April 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Wednesday morning: \u003c/strong>With 86 percent of ballots counted, Tim Orozco is leading the pack of 10 District 4 City Council candidates, with just over 22 percent of the vote. (See the\u003ca href=\"http://results.enr.clarityelections.com/CA/Santa_Clara/55313/151224/Web01/en/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> latest results here\u003c/a>.) He appears headed for a runoff with either Manh Nguyen or Lan Diep, who trails Nguyen by just seven votes. Each currently stands at almost 19 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next update of vote totals for the open seat is due at 5 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special election to replace Kansen Chu could tip the balance of power one way or the other on important issues like pension reform. As the\u003ca href=\"http://www.marinij.com/general-news/20150407/san-jose-early-returns-in-district-4-race-show-near-three-way-tie/6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> reports this morning, Orozco is supported by labor groups and Nguyen and Diep by the Chamber of Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseinside.com/2015/04/08/orozco-leads-in-san-joses-district-4-council-race/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Jose Inside\u003c/a> reports: “If elected, Orozco would become the second LGBT person to serve on the council. Ken Yeager won a seat in 2000, but resigned in the middle of his second term after winning a seat on the county’s Board of Supervisors in 2006.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Original post\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome of a low-key San Jose City Council special election today could have a powerful impact inside City Hall, changing the balance of power over issues like pension reform and critical local services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Theoretically, this could be a swing vote on the San Jose City Council,” said Terry Christensen, political science professor emeritus at San Jose State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The election to replace Kansen Chu will take place in District 4, in north San Jose near Santa Clara, Milpitas and the San Francisco Bay. Chu was elected to the state Assembly in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Theoretically, this could be a swing vote on the San Jose City Council.’\u003ccite>Terry Christensen, San Jose State University.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>There are 10 candidates in the City Council race, and unless one of them receives more than half the vote, there will be a runoff between the top two candidates June 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The candidates are: Tim Orozco, Lan Diep, Manh Nguyen, Bob Dhillon, Rudy Nasol, Khoa Nguyen, Alex Torres, Johnny Lee, Allen Chiu and Thelma Boac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christensen said there’s a division currently between council members who are more fiscally conservative about pension reform and those who are moderate to liberal on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mayor Sam Liccardo is working well with both sides at the moment,” he said. “It was thought there would be a more visible division by now. But this person could be a swing vote if the division emerges again in a significant way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo was elected in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christensen said a shift in the balance of power could also affect other budget issues related to city services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are council members who think the city should cut back to core services like police, fire, parks and libraries. Then there are others who think city services should be broader, like afterschool programs, truancy abatement, and gang abatement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 100,000 residents live in District 4. Voter turnout is expected to be low.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Thursday 9:05 a.m.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 98 percent of the ballots counted, here’s how the \u003ca href=\"http://results.enr.clarityelections.com/CA/Santa_Clara/55313/151229/Web01/en/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">race stands\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tim Orozco 2,230 votes 22.03%\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Manh Nguyen 1,940 votes 19.16%\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Lan Diep 1,912 votes 18.89%\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The top two vote-getters will move on to a June 23 runoff. The registrar’s office said the outcome of the race should be known by Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Wednesday 11:50 a.m.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters office said there will be a June 23 runoff between the top two vote-getters in a special election for a District 4 City Council seat in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With 86 percent of the vote in, Tim Orozco is now leading the race by 264 votes, followed by Manh Nguyen and Lan Diep, who are just seven votes apart. There are still 1,580 ballots left to count, mostly mail-in votes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winner of the race, who will represent north San Jose, will replace Kansen Chu and could shift the balance of power in City Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Philip Chantri, a spokesman for the registrar’s office, said the outcome should be known by Friday. There is a new state law allowing for receipt and counting of ballots postmarked by election day as long as they are received and counted at the registrar’s office three days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The registrar’s office said it expects 25 percent voter turnout after all the ballots are counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials will certify the race on April 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Wednesday morning: \u003c/strong>With 86 percent of ballots counted, Tim Orozco is leading the pack of 10 District 4 City Council candidates, with just over 22 percent of the vote. (See the\u003ca href=\"http://results.enr.clarityelections.com/CA/Santa_Clara/55313/151224/Web01/en/summary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> latest results here\u003c/a>.) He appears headed for a runoff with either Manh Nguyen or Lan Diep, who trails Nguyen by just seven votes. Each currently stands at almost 19 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next update of vote totals for the open seat is due at 5 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special election to replace Kansen Chu could tip the balance of power one way or the other on important issues like pension reform. As the\u003ca href=\"http://www.marinij.com/general-news/20150407/san-jose-early-returns-in-district-4-race-show-near-three-way-tie/6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> San Jose Mercury News\u003c/a> reports this morning, Orozco is supported by labor groups and Nguyen and Diep by the Chamber of Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseinside.com/2015/04/08/orozco-leads-in-san-joses-district-4-council-race/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Jose Inside\u003c/a> reports: “If elected, Orozco would become the second LGBT person to serve on the council. Ken Yeager won a seat in 2000, but resigned in the middle of his second term after winning a seat on the county’s Board of Supervisors in 2006.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Original post\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome of a low-key San Jose City Council special election today could have a powerful impact inside City Hall, changing the balance of power over issues like pension reform and critical local services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Theoretically, this could be a swing vote on the San Jose City Council,” said Terry Christensen, political science professor emeritus at San Jose State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The election to replace Kansen Chu will take place in District 4, in north San Jose near Santa Clara, Milpitas and the San Francisco Bay. Chu was elected to the state Assembly in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Theoretically, this could be a swing vote on the San Jose City Council.’\u003ccite>Terry Christensen, San Jose State University.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>There are 10 candidates in the City Council race, and unless one of them receives more than half the vote, there will be a runoff between the top two candidates June 23.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The candidates are: Tim Orozco, Lan Diep, Manh Nguyen, Bob Dhillon, Rudy Nasol, Khoa Nguyen, Alex Torres, Johnny Lee, Allen Chiu and Thelma Boac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christensen said there’s a division currently between council members who are more fiscally conservative about pension reform and those who are moderate to liberal on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mayor Sam Liccardo is working well with both sides at the moment,” he said. “It was thought there would be a more visible division by now. But this person could be a swing vote if the division emerges again in a significant way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo was elected in November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christensen said a shift in the balance of power could also affect other budget issues related to city services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are council members who think the city should cut back to core services like police, fire, parks and libraries. Then there are others who think city services should be broader, like afterschool programs, truancy abatement, and gang abatement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 100,000 residents live in District 4. Voter turnout is expected to be low.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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