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"content": "\u003cp>For months, photographer Merrick Morton seemed like he was playing whack-a-mole as he tried to get a hold of someone at Meta’s Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The social media platform repeatedly took down his photo archive depicting the lives of cholo and African American street culture in Los Angeles during the 1980s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This experience, once again, left him trying to navigate the best way to get his photography restored on the site, mainly with help from his contacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morton said his account, @MerrickMortonPhoto, has been taken down three times by Instagram moderators. That is, until last week when it was permanently disabled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That time, he was notified via email that his account would no longer be active, and with that, he lost more than 60,000 followers that he had cultivated for over five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of a sudden, one day, I lost everything,” Morton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His archive had more than 500 historic photographs, mostly in black and white, that captured images of cholo and African American street culture in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960659\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11960659 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED-800x911.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing sunglasses stands with his hands in his pockets\" width=\"800\" height=\"911\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED-800x911.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED-160x182.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED.jpg 878w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Wolfe’ from El Hoyo Maravilla, a Mexican American street gang, in East Los Angeles, 1980. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Merrick Morton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among the notices Morton received from Instagram, one stated that his photos violated its community guidelines on violence or dangerous organizations. Those guidelines state that Instagram is “… not a place to support or praise, terrorism, organized crime, or hate groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED reached out to Meta’s press office multiple times through email to request comment. Meta did not respond in time for publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morton bristles at the idea that his photography belongs in the same category as terrorist organizations and hate groups like white supremacists. He defines his work as “fine art” and says his images have been displayed in many art galleries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said it’s also journalism. His work on street gangs has been published internationally. Morton’s goal is that he wants his photographs available to archivists, students, activists and historians. It captures a unique time and place in Southern California that the mainstream media has mostly ignored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I’m the only photographer in the ’80s who had the cholo culture, who also captured the Black culture and also captured the interactions with the police and these communities,” Morton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s seen how his photographs provoke discussions about ending the deadly warfare between rival street gangs in Los Angeles. His photos also raise questions about the fraught relationship between the police and the communities they patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But someone — or some machine — has decided these historic snapshots needed to come down, and Morton can’t get an explanation from Meta, Instagram’s parent company. These experiences have left Morton to wonder if the problem stems from the skin tone of the people he features.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making community and connections\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before Instagram took down his photos, Morton was building relationships with the friends and families of his subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had people communicating with me through Instagram. Family members, I was getting back to them,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years ago, he reconnected with Charles “Bear” Spratley whom he met on the set of the 1988 movie \u003cem>Colors.\u003c/em> Directed by Dennis Hopper, the film starred Robert Duvall as a Los Angeles Police Department veteran at odds with his rookie partner, Sean Penn, over how to manage their relationships with the Black and cholo street gangs whose territory they patrolled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960664\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11960664\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED-800x1384.jpg\" alt=\"A screen shot of a photo of a man wearing sunglasses surrounded by other people making signs with their hands.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1384\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED-800x1384.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED-160x277.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED.jpg 816w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Director Dennis Hopper surrounded by East Coast Crips\u003cbr>on the set of his film ‘Colors.’ This photograph was taken down by Instagram. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Merrick Morton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spratley was an active member of the 89 East Coast Crips during filming. Through Morton, he was hired as an extra and received on-screen credit for working in the art department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years ago, Spratley found Morton on Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had been looking for a way to get in touch with whoever was involved in those pictures for years. They were memories for us, you know,” Spratley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once reunited, Morton learned that many of Spratley’s friends, whom Morton had met and photographed for \u003cem>Colors,\u003c/em> had died on the streets. According to Spratley, the ones who are still alive have left gang life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these guys, if they made it through living, they are changed. They have changed their lives,” Spratley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After attending hundreds of funerals for young men from his community, Spratley founded an organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.babyla.org/\">B.A.B.Y.\u003c/a>, or Brothers Against Banging Youth, that works to prevent young people from joining gangs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morton, who currently earns a living as a set photographer for film and television, has helped Spratley find union entertainment jobs for young men who have gone through B.A.B.Y.’s programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Algorithmic bias in content moderation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Morton, Instagram at its best connects people, challenges systems and creates opportunities. But at its worst, it perpetuates social biases against people of color. He suspects his photographs were swept up by artificial intelligence applications because of the skin color of his subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prove his point, Morton cites this side-by-side comparison: On the left, is a photograph he took that was removed by Instagram. On the right, is a photograph of the Hells Angels, a group that federal law enforcement calls “a criminal threat on six different continents.” The Anti-Defamation League has linked them to white supremacists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960666\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960666\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Screen shots from two different Instagram accounts: outlawarchive of the left and marrickmortonphoto on the right.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1055\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-800x422.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-1020x538.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-160x84.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-1536x810.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-1920x1013.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">OutlawArchive (right) is currently up on Instagram. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Merrick Morton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When a machine moderates content, it evaluates text and images as data using an algorithm that has been trained on existing data sets. The process for selecting training data has come under fire as it’s been shown to have racial, gender and other biases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joy Buolamwini, a digital activist at the MIT Media Lab, has written that facial analysis software was unable to recognize her until she put on a white mask. She further demonstrated how artificial intelligence had trouble identifying three famous Black women: Oprah Winfrey, Serena Williams and Michelle Obama. Obama, for instance, was identified by artificial intelligence as a young man with a toupee in this \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/5520558/artificial-intelligence-racial-gender-bias/\">video\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buolamwini argued that “when technology denigrates even these iconic women, it is time to re-examine how these systems are built and who they truly serve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The pitfalls of content moderation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite his account being permanently banned, Morton believes that if he could get in touch with an actual human being at Instagram, he could explain why his archive should remain accessible to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He did, however, manage to locate someone through his network who knew someone who worked at Instagram, and his original account was restored then. Once his images were back, Morton received a brief apology email from the Facebook Team on behalf of Instagram. (Meta owns and operates Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and more.) [aside label='More on Artificial Intelligence' tag='artificial-intelligence'] But, since the latest ban on his account in March, Morton has been unable to get through to someone at Instagram to plead his case once again. Since then, he filed an appeal but hasn’t received a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Jessica González of the nonprofit Freepress.net, is a watchdog for Meta’s content moderation practices. She said she has observed differential treatment across the social media platform, depending on the race of the subject in the image in question or who posted it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen this time and again, Meta taking down content by and about people of color,” she said. “While similar content by and about white people remains up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During recent national elections, González noted that neither Instagram nor Facebook managed to keep hate speech and violent organizing off of their platforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve raised this with Meta many times leading up to the 2020 election and the 2022 midterms,” González said. “We had militia groups not just posting pictures with guns, or that seemed to be promoting violence, but actually organizing violent rallies, calling for people to bring guns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an estimated 2.3 billion worldwide users, Instagram cannot sift through its sheer volume of content using human moderators. Artificial intelligence can be used to make the “first cut” before actual human beings take a second look. Human reviewers, however, have their own biases, and some may struggle with prolonged exposure to harsh images. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jessica González, attorney, nonprofit Freepress.net\"]‘We’ve seen this time and again, Meta taking down content by and about people of color. While similar content by and about white people remains up.’[/pullquote] Brian Fishman led the team at Facebook that removed hate organizations and terrorist groups from its platform. He now runs Cinder, a trust and safety company that builds custom content moderation tools. He said he believes that making the internet safe requires nuanced thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are circumstances where AI is actually more accurate in some circumstances than human reviewers, but there’s also plenty of examples where that’s not the case,” he said. “We know that AI misses things, and calculating that risk and understanding what that risk may be is really difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to acknowledge that many AI scientists are just beginning to understand how to manage this powerful new technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t necessarily just want to suck up everything, they want to be able to understand whether they are inadvertently introducing bias into their models based on the training data that they have selected originally,” Fishman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morton, in the meantime, created an alternate Instagram account, but has only gained about half of his original followers back. He said he hopes to keep the new archive up and fly under the content-moderation radar for as long as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel it’s important because the public has the right to know. People in these communities have the right to see these images,” Morton said. “Educators have the right to see these images. Curators and fine artists have the right to see these images.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That time, he was notified via email that his account would no longer be active, and with that, he lost more than 60,000 followers that he had cultivated for over five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of a sudden, one day, I lost everything,” Morton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His archive had more than 500 historic photographs, mostly in black and white, that captured images of cholo and African American street culture in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960659\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11960659 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED-800x911.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing sunglasses stands with his hands in his pockets\" width=\"800\" height=\"911\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED-800x911.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED-160x182.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-02-KQED.jpg 878w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Wolfe’ from El Hoyo Maravilla, a Mexican American street gang, in East Los Angeles, 1980. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Merrick Morton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Among the notices Morton received from Instagram, one stated that his photos violated its community guidelines on violence or dangerous organizations. Those guidelines state that Instagram is “… not a place to support or praise, terrorism, organized crime, or hate groups.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED reached out to Meta’s press office multiple times through email to request comment. Meta did not respond in time for publication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morton bristles at the idea that his photography belongs in the same category as terrorist organizations and hate groups like white supremacists. He defines his work as “fine art” and says his images have been displayed in many art galleries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said it’s also journalism. His work on street gangs has been published internationally. Morton’s goal is that he wants his photographs available to archivists, students, activists and historians. It captures a unique time and place in Southern California that the mainstream media has mostly ignored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think I’m the only photographer in the ’80s who had the cholo culture, who also captured the Black culture and also captured the interactions with the police and these communities,” Morton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s seen how his photographs provoke discussions about ending the deadly warfare between rival street gangs in Los Angeles. His photos also raise questions about the fraught relationship between the police and the communities they patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But someone — or some machine — has decided these historic snapshots needed to come down, and Morton can’t get an explanation from Meta, Instagram’s parent company. These experiences have left Morton to wonder if the problem stems from the skin tone of the people he features.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making community and connections\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before Instagram took down his photos, Morton was building relationships with the friends and families of his subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had people communicating with me through Instagram. Family members, I was getting back to them,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years ago, he reconnected with Charles “Bear” Spratley whom he met on the set of the 1988 movie \u003cem>Colors.\u003c/em> Directed by Dennis Hopper, the film starred Robert Duvall as a Los Angeles Police Department veteran at odds with his rookie partner, Sean Penn, over how to manage their relationships with the Black and cholo street gangs whose territory they patrolled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960664\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11960664\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED-800x1384.jpg\" alt=\"A screen shot of a photo of a man wearing sunglasses surrounded by other people making signs with their hands.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1384\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED-800x1384.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED-160x277.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-07-KQED.jpg 816w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Director Dennis Hopper surrounded by East Coast Crips\u003cbr>on the set of his film ‘Colors.’ This photograph was taken down by Instagram. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Merrick Morton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Spratley was an active member of the 89 East Coast Crips during filming. Through Morton, he was hired as an extra and received on-screen credit for working in the art department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years ago, Spratley found Morton on Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had been looking for a way to get in touch with whoever was involved in those pictures for years. They were memories for us, you know,” Spratley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once reunited, Morton learned that many of Spratley’s friends, whom Morton had met and photographed for \u003cem>Colors,\u003c/em> had died on the streets. According to Spratley, the ones who are still alive have left gang life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of these guys, if they made it through living, they are changed. They have changed their lives,” Spratley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After attending hundreds of funerals for young men from his community, Spratley founded an organization called \u003ca href=\"https://www.babyla.org/\">B.A.B.Y.\u003c/a>, or Brothers Against Banging Youth, that works to prevent young people from joining gangs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morton, who currently earns a living as a set photographer for film and television, has helped Spratley find union entertainment jobs for young men who have gone through B.A.B.Y.’s programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Algorithmic bias in content moderation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Morton, Instagram at its best connects people, challenges systems and creates opportunities. But at its worst, it perpetuates social biases against people of color. He suspects his photographs were swept up by artificial intelligence applications because of the skin color of his subjects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prove his point, Morton cites this side-by-side comparison: On the left, is a photograph he took that was removed by Instagram. On the right, is a photograph of the Hells Angels, a group that federal law enforcement calls “a criminal threat on six different continents.” The Anti-Defamation League has linked them to white supremacists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960666\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960666\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Screen shots from two different Instagram accounts: outlawarchive of the left and marrickmortonphoto on the right.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1055\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-800x422.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-1020x538.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-160x84.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-1536x810.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/091123-PHOTO-AI-RM-09-KQED-1920x1013.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">OutlawArchive (right) is currently up on Instagram. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Merrick Morton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When a machine moderates content, it evaluates text and images as data using an algorithm that has been trained on existing data sets. The process for selecting training data has come under fire as it’s been shown to have racial, gender and other biases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joy Buolamwini, a digital activist at the MIT Media Lab, has written that facial analysis software was unable to recognize her until she put on a white mask. She further demonstrated how artificial intelligence had trouble identifying three famous Black women: Oprah Winfrey, Serena Williams and Michelle Obama. Obama, for instance, was identified by artificial intelligence as a young man with a toupee in this \u003ca href=\"https://time.com/5520558/artificial-intelligence-racial-gender-bias/\">video\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Buolamwini argued that “when technology denigrates even these iconic women, it is time to re-examine how these systems are built and who they truly serve.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The pitfalls of content moderation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Despite his account being permanently banned, Morton believes that if he could get in touch with an actual human being at Instagram, he could explain why his archive should remain accessible to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He did, however, manage to locate someone through his network who knew someone who worked at Instagram, and his original account was restored then. Once his images were back, Morton received a brief apology email from the Facebook Team on behalf of Instagram. (Meta owns and operates Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp and more.) \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> But, since the latest ban on his account in March, Morton has been unable to get through to someone at Instagram to plead his case once again. Since then, he filed an appeal but hasn’t received a response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Jessica González of the nonprofit Freepress.net, is a watchdog for Meta’s content moderation practices. She said she has observed differential treatment across the social media platform, depending on the race of the subject in the image in question or who posted it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen this time and again, Meta taking down content by and about people of color,” she said. “While similar content by and about white people remains up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During recent national elections, González noted that neither Instagram nor Facebook managed to keep hate speech and violent organizing off of their platforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve raised this with Meta many times leading up to the 2020 election and the 2022 midterms,” González said. “We had militia groups not just posting pictures with guns, or that seemed to be promoting violence, but actually organizing violent rallies, calling for people to bring guns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With an estimated 2.3 billion worldwide users, Instagram cannot sift through its sheer volume of content using human moderators. Artificial intelligence can be used to make the “first cut” before actual human beings take a second look. Human reviewers, however, have their own biases, and some may struggle with prolonged exposure to harsh images. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Brian Fishman led the team at Facebook that removed hate organizations and terrorist groups from its platform. He now runs Cinder, a trust and safety company that builds custom content moderation tools. He said he believes that making the internet safe requires nuanced thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are circumstances where AI is actually more accurate in some circumstances than human reviewers, but there’s also plenty of examples where that’s not the case,” he said. “We know that AI misses things, and calculating that risk and understanding what that risk may be is really difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went on to acknowledge that many AI scientists are just beginning to understand how to manage this powerful new technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t necessarily just want to suck up everything, they want to be able to understand whether they are inadvertently introducing bias into their models based on the training data that they have selected originally,” Fishman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morton, in the meantime, created an alternate Instagram account, but has only gained about half of his original followers back. He said he hopes to keep the new archive up and fly under the content-moderation radar for as long as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel it’s important because the public has the right to know. People in these communities have the right to see these images,” Morton said. “Educators have the right to see these images. Curators and fine artists have the right to see these images.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Facebook, Instagram Threaten to Block News Stories in California if Bill Passes",
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"headTitle": "Facebook, Instagram Threaten to Block News Stories in California if Bill Passes | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook and Instagram will block all news articles in California if state lawmakers pass a bill meant to funnel money from the tech platforms to media organizations, a Meta spokesman threatened on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB886\">California Journalism Preservation Act\u003c/a> would essentially tax the advertising profits platforms make from distributing news articles. Under the measure, some 70% of the money collected from the so-called “usage fee” would support newsrooms throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s sponsor, Assemblywoman Buffy Wicks, a Democrat who represents Oakland, argues the measure could provide a “lifeline” to local news organizations that have seen advertising revenue plunge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As news consumption has moved online, community news outlets have been downsized and closing at an alarming rate,” Wicks said at a hearing on the bill earlier this month, pointing out that more than 100 California news organizations have gone under in the past decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, Meta warns the legislation would make the company block the sharing of news articles in California on Facebook and Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, the company argued, would mostly assist out-of-state sites “under the guise” of helping news publishers in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Journalism Preservation Act passes, we will be forced to remove news from Facebook and Instagram, rather than pay into a slush fund that primarily benefits big, out-of-state media companies under the guise of aiding California publishers,” Andy Stone, a spokesman for Meta, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/andymstone/status/1663951770052067338?s=20\">said\u003c/a> on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked how exactly the act would force Meta to stop distributing news articles, Stone said: “It’s pay or remove the news. Our hand is being forced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Danielle Coffey, executive vice president of the News Media Alliance trade group, criticized Meta for threatening to block articles in the state, saying the ailing news industry would benefit from having tech platforms pay their fair share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Meta’s threat to take down news is undemocratic and unbecoming. We have seen [this] in their playbook before,” Coffey said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Threats in California echo Big Tech’s warnings in Washington and overseas\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook and Google have developed something of a predictable response to efforts attempting to make them pay the media industry for articles: Threatening to stop carrying news in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951940\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11951940\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut.jpg\" alt='A building with glass windows and a huge multicolored logo reads, \"Google.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Google headquarters on Sept. 2, 2015, in Mountain View. According to figures provided to NPR by Insider Intelligence, services owned by Meta or Google have collected nearly 70% of digital advertising revenue made in 2023. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They aren’t empty threats; Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/18/968921926/facebook-takes-a-hard-line-against-proposed-australian-law\">briefly blocked\u003c/a> news articles in Australia over a similar measure that required tech companies to pay publishers for news content. Google said it would pull its search engine from the country before a compromise was struck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers in Washington floated a plan last year with the goal of helping news outlets negotiate with tech companies, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/facebook-owner-meta-remove-news-its-platform-if-congress-passes-media-bill-2022-12-05/#:~:text=WASHINGTON%2C%20Dec%205%20(Reuters),O)%20Google%20and%20Facebook.\">Facebook said\u003c/a> it would yank news from the platform nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Danielle Coffey, executive vice president, News Media Alliance\"]‘Meta’s threat to take down news is undemocratic and unbecoming. We have seen [this] in their playbook before.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canada is getting a taste of it, too. There, the tech giants \u003ca href=\"https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2023/05/30/business-would-be-over-canadas-news-publishers-say-ban-by-google-and-facebook-would-devastate-them.html\">say\u003c/a> they’re ready to pull the plug on news content if a similar measure is enacted. As a test, Google has \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-blocks-news-results-in-some-canadian-searches-a0577c75\">even blocked news articles\u003c/a> from searches for some users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for Google declined to comment on the California bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While tech companies and publishers squabble over legislation, many news publishers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/28/1172599212/web-buzzfeed-vice-gawker-facebook-twitter-media-news\">have started pivoting away\u003c/a> from social media altogether and placing the focus on newsletters, podcasts and subscription-driven models.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>40,000 newsroom jobs lost, as ad revenue nosedives\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The media industry has been hemorrhaging jobs for years. Some 40,000 newsroom jobs disappeared between 2008 and 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/07/13/u-s-newsroom-employment-has-fallen-26-since-2008/\">the Pew Research Center has found\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while many factors have contributed to the news industry’s woes, a significant blow has been delivered by the tech industry’s dominance over online advertising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to figures provided to NPR by Insider Intelligence, services owned by Meta or Google have collected nearly 70% of digital advertising revenue made in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Australia, Facebook and Google eventually buckled and reached deals with news publishers. Bill Grueskin, a professor at the Columbia University School of Journalism who has studied the Australian law, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/australia-pressured-google-and-facebook-to-pay-for-journalism-is-america-next.php\">found that\u003c/a> it generated nearly $150 million for news organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951941\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11951941\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517.jpg\" alt=\"A computer tablet screen glows with a blue and white social media logo for the company Facebook. People are blurred in the background at a cafe setting.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1277\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Journalism Preservation Act would essentially tax the advertising profits that platforms like Facebook and Instagram make from distributing news articles. Under the measure, some 70% of the money collected from the so-called ‘usage fee’ would support newsrooms throughout the state. Facebook has threatened to pull news stories from its platform altogether should the bill succeed. \u003ccite>(Ted Aljibe/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Australian Broadcasting Corporation \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-03/abc-to-add-more-than-50-journalists-in-regional-australia/100673862\">was able to hire\u003c/a> 50 new journalist in underserved parts of the country as a result of the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the first state to attempt to replicate the Australian model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts who study the news industry say while the Australian news landscape is distinct from the U.S., given how concentrated it is — Rupert Murdoch’s News Corp. controls more than half of the market — many other states will be watching how the showdown in Sacramento plays out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are now in a no-holds-barred battle for revenue, with many news companies, emboldened by the settlement in Australia, becoming quite vocal and aggressive in arguing this case,” said John Wihbey, journalism professor at Northeastern University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California bill is set to receive a vote on the California assembly floor on Thursday. It is expected to pass and move to the state Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Critics worry the bill will hurt, not help news outlets\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In California, struggling publishers have come out strongly in favor of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Put plainly, Big Tech is bleeding publishers dry without contributing any resources to creating high-quality content,” Troy Masters, the publisher of Los Angeles Blade, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/article275859591.html\">wrote on Tuesday\u003c/a> in the Sacramento Bee. “This is not a theoretical problem. News deserts are a reality across California at a time when misinformation is at an all-time high, causing Americans’ trust in democracy and our institutions to erode at alarming rates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet others fear the California legislation could have unintended consequences that end up hurting the news outlets it aims to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, media analyst and publisher Ken Doctor has argued that bad actors with sites peddling misinformation could game the system and end up getting funding. Other worries: The bill would supercharge lurid, clickbait-y headlines from sites angling to get a slice of the new pot of money, or channel money to hedge-fund owners that have cut newsrooms in pursuit of profits.[aside postID=news_11931727 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43524_GettyImages-1178141588-qut-1020x680.jpg']“I applaud [that] the legislators’ want to help the local news business,” Doctor \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/newsletter/2023-05-11/could-charging-big-tech-a-journalism-usage-fee-help-save-local-news-essential-california\">told\u003c/a> The Los Angeles Times. “But I think what they really need is a much deeper and wider understanding of the mechanics and nuances of how that business works.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Media scholar Amanda Lotz, who teaches at the Queensland University of Technology, told NPR that “the business model for journalism is collapsing broadly,” but she said it’s not fair to only blame Big Tech companies for the media industry’s struggles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wihbey at Northeastern University agrees, but he said if California can force Big Tech to the bargaining table with news publishers, it could — even in a small way — prop up a local news market under siege.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such deals will not ‘save the news’ industry, but they could contribute a new, reliable stream to support news,” he said. “I hope that social platform companies can see it in their interest to support the underlying democratic societies that, after all, are the bedrock of their commercial markets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook and Instagram will block all news articles in California if state lawmakers pass a bill meant to funnel money from the tech platforms to media organizations, a Meta spokesman threatened on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB886\">California Journalism Preservation Act\u003c/a> would essentially tax the advertising profits platforms make from distributing news articles. Under the measure, some 70% of the money collected from the so-called “usage fee” would support newsrooms throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s sponsor, Assemblywoman Buffy Wicks, a Democrat who represents Oakland, argues the measure could provide a “lifeline” to local news organizations that have seen advertising revenue plunge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As news consumption has moved online, community news outlets have been downsized and closing at an alarming rate,” Wicks said at a hearing on the bill earlier this month, pointing out that more than 100 California news organizations have gone under in the past decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, Meta warns the legislation would make the company block the sharing of news articles in California on Facebook and Instagram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, the company argued, would mostly assist out-of-state sites “under the guise” of helping news publishers in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the Journalism Preservation Act passes, we will be forced to remove news from Facebook and Instagram, rather than pay into a slush fund that primarily benefits big, out-of-state media companies under the guise of aiding California publishers,” Andy Stone, a spokesman for Meta, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/andymstone/status/1663951770052067338?s=20\">said\u003c/a> on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked how exactly the act would force Meta to stop distributing news articles, Stone said: “It’s pay or remove the news. Our hand is being forced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Danielle Coffey, executive vice president of the News Media Alliance trade group, criticized Meta for threatening to block articles in the state, saying the ailing news industry would benefit from having tech platforms pay their fair share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Meta’s threat to take down news is undemocratic and unbecoming. We have seen [this] in their playbook before,” Coffey said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Threats in California echo Big Tech’s warnings in Washington and overseas\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook and Google have developed something of a predictable response to efforts attempting to make them pay the media industry for articles: Threatening to stop carrying news in protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951940\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11951940\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut.jpg\" alt='A building with glass windows and a huge multicolored logo reads, \"Google.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS26525_GettyImages-486234008-qut-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Google headquarters on Sept. 2, 2015, in Mountain View. According to figures provided to NPR by Insider Intelligence, services owned by Meta or Google have collected nearly 70% of digital advertising revenue made in 2023. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They aren’t empty threats; Facebook \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/18/968921926/facebook-takes-a-hard-line-against-proposed-australian-law\">briefly blocked\u003c/a> news articles in Australia over a similar measure that required tech companies to pay publishers for news content. Google said it would pull its search engine from the country before a compromise was struck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers in Washington floated a plan last year with the goal of helping news outlets negotiate with tech companies, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/technology/facebook-owner-meta-remove-news-its-platform-if-congress-passes-media-bill-2022-12-05/#:~:text=WASHINGTON%2C%20Dec%205%20(Reuters),O)%20Google%20and%20Facebook.\">Facebook said\u003c/a> it would yank news from the platform nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canada is getting a taste of it, too. There, the tech giants \u003ca href=\"https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2023/05/30/business-would-be-over-canadas-news-publishers-say-ban-by-google-and-facebook-would-devastate-them.html\">say\u003c/a> they’re ready to pull the plug on news content if a similar measure is enacted. As a test, Google has \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/google-blocks-news-results-in-some-canadian-searches-a0577c75\">even blocked news articles\u003c/a> from searches for some users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for Google declined to comment on the California bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While tech companies and publishers squabble over legislation, many news publishers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/04/28/1172599212/web-buzzfeed-vice-gawker-facebook-twitter-media-news\">have started pivoting away\u003c/a> from social media altogether and placing the focus on newsletters, podcasts and subscription-driven models.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>40,000 newsroom jobs lost, as ad revenue nosedives\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The media industry has been hemorrhaging jobs for years. Some 40,000 newsroom jobs disappeared between 2008 and 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/07/13/u-s-newsroom-employment-has-fallen-26-since-2008/\">the Pew Research Center has found\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while many factors have contributed to the news industry’s woes, a significant blow has been delivered by the tech industry’s dominance over online advertising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to figures provided to NPR by Insider Intelligence, services owned by Meta or Google have collected nearly 70% of digital advertising revenue made in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Australia, Facebook and Google eventually buckled and reached deals with news publishers. Bill Grueskin, a professor at the Columbia University School of Journalism who has studied the Australian law, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cjr.org/business_of_news/australia-pressured-google-and-facebook-to-pay-for-journalism-is-america-next.php\">found that\u003c/a> it generated nearly $150 million for news organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11951941\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11951941\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517.jpg\" alt=\"A computer tablet screen glows with a blue and white social media logo for the company Facebook. People are blurred in the background at a cafe setting.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1277\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS2274_facebook20120517-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Journalism Preservation Act would essentially tax the advertising profits that platforms like Facebook and Instagram make from distributing news articles. Under the measure, some 70% of the money collected from the so-called ‘usage fee’ would support newsrooms throughout the state. Facebook has threatened to pull news stories from its platform altogether should the bill succeed. \u003ccite>(Ted Aljibe/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Australian Broadcasting Corporation \u003ca href=\"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-03/abc-to-add-more-than-50-journalists-in-regional-australia/100673862\">was able to hire\u003c/a> 50 new journalist in underserved parts of the country as a result of the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the first state to attempt to replicate the Australian model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts who study the news industry say while the Australian news landscape is distinct from the U.S., given how concentrated it is — Rupert Murdoch’s News Corp. controls more than half of the market — many other states will be watching how the showdown in Sacramento plays out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are now in a no-holds-barred battle for revenue, with many news companies, emboldened by the settlement in Australia, becoming quite vocal and aggressive in arguing this case,” said John Wihbey, journalism professor at Northeastern University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California bill is set to receive a vote on the California assembly floor on Thursday. It is expected to pass and move to the state Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Critics worry the bill will hurt, not help news outlets\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In California, struggling publishers have come out strongly in favor of the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Put plainly, Big Tech is bleeding publishers dry without contributing any resources to creating high-quality content,” Troy Masters, the publisher of Los Angeles Blade, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/opinion/article275859591.html\">wrote on Tuesday\u003c/a> in the Sacramento Bee. “This is not a theoretical problem. News deserts are a reality across California at a time when misinformation is at an all-time high, causing Americans’ trust in democracy and our institutions to erode at alarming rates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet others fear the California legislation could have unintended consequences that end up hurting the news outlets it aims to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, media analyst and publisher Ken Doctor has argued that bad actors with sites peddling misinformation could game the system and end up getting funding. Other worries: The bill would supercharge lurid, clickbait-y headlines from sites angling to get a slice of the new pot of money, or channel money to hedge-fund owners that have cut newsrooms in pursuit of profits.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I applaud [that] the legislators’ want to help the local news business,” Doctor \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/newsletter/2023-05-11/could-charging-big-tech-a-journalism-usage-fee-help-save-local-news-essential-california\">told\u003c/a> The Los Angeles Times. “But I think what they really need is a much deeper and wider understanding of the mechanics and nuances of how that business works.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Media scholar Amanda Lotz, who teaches at the Queensland University of Technology, told NPR that “the business model for journalism is collapsing broadly,” but she said it’s not fair to only blame Big Tech companies for the media industry’s struggles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wihbey at Northeastern University agrees, but he said if California can force Big Tech to the bargaining table with news publishers, it could — even in a small way — prop up a local news market under siege.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Such deals will not ‘save the news’ industry, but they could contribute a new, reliable stream to support news,” he said. “I hope that social platform companies can see it in their interest to support the underlying democratic societies that, after all, are the bedrock of their commercial markets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "with-mass-social-media-layoffs-researchers-warn-of-rise-in-hate-speech",
"title": "With Mass Social Media Layoffs, Researchers Warn of Rise in Hate Speech",
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"content": "\u003cp>Social media platforms have historically had a hard time neutralizing the threat of hate speech \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\">before it leads to real-world violence\u003c/a>. Now, researchers at the Network Contagion Research Institute and the Rutgers University Center for Critical Intelligence Studies are warning that mass layoffs, especially at social media platforms like \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2022/11/4/23439790/elon-musk-twitter-layoffs-trust-and-safety-teams-severance\">Twitter\u003c/a> and Meta, are leaving the door wide open to a growing phenomenon called “cyber-swarms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyber-swarms, as defined by the institute, are surges of hateful memes, videos and comments on social media directed at certain ethnic and religious groups. They may be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919374/report-anti-hindu-hate-speech-surges-on-social-media\">coordinated\u003c/a>, but the real-world violence that follows may be conducted on impulse by individuals inspired by what they see online.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Corynne McSherry, legal director, Electronic Frontier Foundation\"]‘They didn’t have enough staff in the first place and they certainly don’t now. I worry a lot that they’re thinking — at both companies — ‘We’ll just automate more.’ What we’ve seen is that just doesn’t work.’[/pullquote]“A lot of these trust and safety teams don’t have a policy. They just put out fires, and sometimes, they don’t even know where a fire is burning,” said Network Contagion Institute Director Joel Finkelstein. The institute’s latest report, which came out this week, details a recent rearview-mirror look at social media platform failures in July and August, just a few months before layoffs decimated their ranks in the U.S. and abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://networkcontagion.us/reports/11-16-22-cyber-social-swarming-precedes-real-world-riots-in-leicester-how-social-media-became-a-weapon-for-violence/\">“Cyber Social Swarming Precedes Real World Riots in Leicester: How Social Media Became a Weapon for Violence”\u003c/a> explains how “Ethnic riots in one place can now leak into cyber-swarming, and turn into ethnic violence somewhere else,” Finkelstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cyber-swarm in July fomented violence between Hindus and Muslims on Twitter, TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram. Real-world incidents surged in the following weeks — primarily in the U.K. but in the U.S. as well, including one \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Og1XJXkpFo\">tirade\u003c/a>* at a Taco Bell in Fremont in August, recorded by the man it was directed at, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/krishnanjiyer\">Krishnan Iyer\u003c/a>.[aside postID=\"news_11702239,news_11919374\" label=\"Related Posts\"]*(Be advised the footage contains highly offensive and triggering language. The Alameda County district attorney’s office \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/fremont-taco-bell-anti-hindu-hate-speech-grimmer-blvd-tirade-man-charged-crime/12180354/\">filed multiple charges\u003c/a> against 37-year-old Singh Tejinder days later.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tejinder, who can be heard speaking in Punjabi, spewed a stream of expletive-laced insults against Iyer, calling him “dirty Hindu” among other slurs commonly spotted on social media networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even before these cuts (to Silicon Valley companies), Hindus as a community have been facing a regular barrage of hate on online platforms for several years,” wrote Pushpita Prasad of the Coalition of Hindus of North America. “Moderation policies online have not been very sensitive to Hindu concerns and fears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent attacks on Hindu communities constitute just one collective example of how hate speech can proliferate online against ethnic/religious groups if left unchecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another, more recent example: Twitter trolls emboldened by Elon Musk’s $44 billion acquisition prompted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/28/musk-twitter-racist-posts/\">500% surge\u003c/a> in the use of a particularly offensive racial epithet directed at African Americans, according to the NCRI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as Elon Musk walked in the door,” said Finkelstein, who added the Institute reached out to Twitter staff to let them know about the finding. “You’d think that’s something everybody would notice. They hadn’t noticed it. They noticed it because LeBron James took our tweet and literally singled out \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?s=20&t=wLEgRgctLXqhfO-mKQnCDw\">Elon Musk\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">I dont know Elon Musk and, tbh, I could care less who owns twitter. But I will say that if this is true, I hope he and his people take this very seriously because this is scary AF. So many damn unfit people saying hate speech is free speech. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\">https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— LeBron James (@KingJames) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 29, 2022\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/11/10/twitter-ditches-communications\">no longer has a press relations department\u003c/a> to respond to reporter questions. A Meta spokesperson declined to offer specific numbers for how many layoffs affect the company’s trust and safety teams in the U.S. and abroad, but did write, “Our integrity efforts remain a top priority, which is why we continue to have over 40,000 people devoted to safety and security efforts and we will continue to invest in this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electronic Frontier Foundation Legal Director Corynne McSherry says the foundation is still trying to determine exactly what teams at Meta are most dramatically impacted by the layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Twitter, McSherry said, “What they really needed to do was probably double their trust and safety teams, for a start. To actually do it well requires humans making nuanced decisions. They didn’t have enough staff in the first place and they certainly don’t now. I worry a lot that they’re thinking — at both companies — ‘We’ll just automate more.’ What we’ve seen is that just doesn’t work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein says social media companies need to refocus on preventing violence, instead of just trying to avoid blowback from the press — and politicians. “When trust and safety teams are like, ‘Let’s put out this political fire, cause we can get in trouble,’ you will have a garden manicured by political concerns. And the harms that are really happening, no-one really cares about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/15/technology/elon-musk-twitter-fired-criticism.html\">mass layoffs\u003c/a> gutting the very trust and safety teams that are supposed to watch out for threats, what can vulnerable communities expect from Silicon Valley now? Not much, said Denver Riggleman, an Institute advisor and former Republican congressman from Virginia, as well as a technical lead on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/06/politics/denver-riggleman-january-6-committee/index.html\">Jan. 6th committee\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riggleman calls for federally funded public and private partnerships to scale up predictive modeling of the kind the Institute used to warn of that cyber-swarm over the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost a social media warning dashboard. This isn’t something regulatory, but it’s informational. It’s situational awareness,” Riggleman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Social media platforms have had a hard time neutralizing the threat of hate speech before it leads to real world violence. Researchers are warning that mass layoffs, especially at Twitter and Meta, leave the door open to a growing phenomenon called 'cyber-swarms.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Social media platforms have historically had a hard time neutralizing the threat of hate speech \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\">before it leads to real-world violence\u003c/a>. Now, researchers at the Network Contagion Research Institute and the Rutgers University Center for Critical Intelligence Studies are warning that mass layoffs, especially at social media platforms like \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2022/11/4/23439790/elon-musk-twitter-layoffs-trust-and-safety-teams-severance\">Twitter\u003c/a> and Meta, are leaving the door wide open to a growing phenomenon called “cyber-swarms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cyber-swarms, as defined by the institute, are surges of hateful memes, videos and comments on social media directed at certain ethnic and religious groups. They may be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919374/report-anti-hindu-hate-speech-surges-on-social-media\">coordinated\u003c/a>, but the real-world violence that follows may be conducted on impulse by individuals inspired by what they see online.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘They didn’t have enough staff in the first place and they certainly don’t now. I worry a lot that they’re thinking — at both companies — ‘We’ll just automate more.’ What we’ve seen is that just doesn’t work.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“A lot of these trust and safety teams don’t have a policy. They just put out fires, and sometimes, they don’t even know where a fire is burning,” said Network Contagion Institute Director Joel Finkelstein. The institute’s latest report, which came out this week, details a recent rearview-mirror look at social media platform failures in July and August, just a few months before layoffs decimated their ranks in the U.S. and abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://networkcontagion.us/reports/11-16-22-cyber-social-swarming-precedes-real-world-riots-in-leicester-how-social-media-became-a-weapon-for-violence/\">“Cyber Social Swarming Precedes Real World Riots in Leicester: How Social Media Became a Weapon for Violence”\u003c/a> explains how “Ethnic riots in one place can now leak into cyber-swarming, and turn into ethnic violence somewhere else,” Finkelstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cyber-swarm in July fomented violence between Hindus and Muslims on Twitter, TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram. Real-world incidents surged in the following weeks — primarily in the U.K. but in the U.S. as well, including one \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Og1XJXkpFo\">tirade\u003c/a>* at a Taco Bell in Fremont in August, recorded by the man it was directed at, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/krishnanjiyer\">Krishnan Iyer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>*(Be advised the footage contains highly offensive and triggering language. The Alameda County district attorney’s office \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/fremont-taco-bell-anti-hindu-hate-speech-grimmer-blvd-tirade-man-charged-crime/12180354/\">filed multiple charges\u003c/a> against 37-year-old Singh Tejinder days later.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tejinder, who can be heard speaking in Punjabi, spewed a stream of expletive-laced insults against Iyer, calling him “dirty Hindu” among other slurs commonly spotted on social media networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even before these cuts (to Silicon Valley companies), Hindus as a community have been facing a regular barrage of hate on online platforms for several years,” wrote Pushpita Prasad of the Coalition of Hindus of North America. “Moderation policies online have not been very sensitive to Hindu concerns and fears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent attacks on Hindu communities constitute just one collective example of how hate speech can proliferate online against ethnic/religious groups if left unchecked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another, more recent example: Twitter trolls emboldened by Elon Musk’s $44 billion acquisition prompted a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/10/28/musk-twitter-racist-posts/\">500% surge\u003c/a> in the use of a particularly offensive racial epithet directed at African Americans, according to the NCRI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as Elon Musk walked in the door,” said Finkelstein, who added the Institute reached out to Twitter staff to let them know about the finding. “You’d think that’s something everybody would notice. They hadn’t noticed it. They noticed it because LeBron James took our tweet and literally singled out \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?s=20&t=wLEgRgctLXqhfO-mKQnCDw\">Elon Musk\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">I dont know Elon Musk and, tbh, I could care less who owns twitter. But I will say that if this is true, I hope he and his people take this very seriously because this is scary AF. So many damn unfit people saying hate speech is free speech. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\">https://t.co/Sy0jvXIBnC\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— LeBron James (@KingJames) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KingJames/status/1586431561041293312?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 29, 2022\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/11/10/twitter-ditches-communications\">no longer has a press relations department\u003c/a> to respond to reporter questions. A Meta spokesperson declined to offer specific numbers for how many layoffs affect the company’s trust and safety teams in the U.S. and abroad, but did write, “Our integrity efforts remain a top priority, which is why we continue to have over 40,000 people devoted to safety and security efforts and we will continue to invest in this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electronic Frontier Foundation Legal Director Corynne McSherry says the foundation is still trying to determine exactly what teams at Meta are most dramatically impacted by the layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Twitter, McSherry said, “What they really needed to do was probably double their trust and safety teams, for a start. To actually do it well requires humans making nuanced decisions. They didn’t have enough staff in the first place and they certainly don’t now. I worry a lot that they’re thinking — at both companies — ‘We’ll just automate more.’ What we’ve seen is that just doesn’t work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein says social media companies need to refocus on preventing violence, instead of just trying to avoid blowback from the press — and politicians. “When trust and safety teams are like, ‘Let’s put out this political fire, cause we can get in trouble,’ you will have a garden manicured by political concerns. And the harms that are really happening, no-one really cares about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/15/technology/elon-musk-twitter-fired-criticism.html\">mass layoffs\u003c/a> gutting the very trust and safety teams that are supposed to watch out for threats, what can vulnerable communities expect from Silicon Valley now? Not much, said Denver Riggleman, an Institute advisor and former Republican congressman from Virginia, as well as a technical lead on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/06/politics/denver-riggleman-january-6-committee/index.html\">Jan. 6th committee\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Riggleman calls for federally funded public and private partnerships to scale up predictive modeling of the kind the Institute used to warn of that cyber-swarm over the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Almost a social media warning dashboard. This isn’t something regulatory, but it’s informational. It’s situational awareness,” Riggleman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "its-the-end-of-the-boom-times-in-tech-as-layoffs-keep-mounting",
"title": "It's the End of the Boom Times in Tech, as Layoffs Keep Mounting",
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"headTitle": "It’s the End of the Boom Times in Tech, as Layoffs Keep Mounting | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>For more than two decades, the U.S. tech industry has been a reliable source of booming stocks and cushy, high-paid jobs. In the span of weeks, the sheen has faded and the ax has fallen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 24,000 tech workers across 72 companies have been laid off this month, adding to a total of 120,000 tech jobs lost this year, \u003ca href=\"https://layoffs.fyi/\">according to layoffs.fyi\u003c/a>, which tracks job cuts in the tech industry. It’s safe to say a reckoning is underway, even as each company is grappling with its own challenges. (See: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/12/1136205315/musk-twitter-bankruptcy-how-likely\">Twitter\u003c/a>.)[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11931311,forum_2010101891200,news_11931727\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the companies making public statements have cited at least one of two primary causes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, they hired a lot of employees during the pandemic, when people were extremely online. Now, the internet boom has faded, offline life has picked up, and those new employees seem too expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second, broader economic wobbles have made brands more reluctant to spend on digital ads — a source of revenue for many tech companies. High interest rates have put an end to the cheap-money era of venture capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the companies that have announced the biggest job cuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Amazon: a reported 10,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The online retail and cloud computing behemoth plans to lay off some 10,000 employees in corporate and technology jobs,\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/14/technology/amazon-layoffs.html\"> \u003cem>The New York Times \u003c/em>was the first to report\u003c/a> on Monday. Amazon did not reply to an NPR request for confirmation of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of this fall, Amazon employed more than 1.5 million full- and part-time workers around the world, many in warehouses. The 10,000 expected layoffs would comprise about 3% of Amazon’s corporate employees, according to the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em>, and a significantly smaller share of its overall workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cuts reportedly will focus on Amazon’s devices division, including Alexa, the company’s virtual assistant technology, as well as its retail and human resources divisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/workplace/a-note-about-hiring-from-beth-galetti\">announced a hiring freeze\u003c/a> on corporate jobs. “We’re facing an unusual macro-economic environment, and want to balance our hiring and investments with being thoughtful about this economy,” wrote Beth Galetti, Amazon’s senior vice president of people experience and technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meta: 11,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook and Instagram’s parent company, Meta, laid off 11,000 people last week — about 13% of its staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEO Mark Zuckerberg attributed the cuts to overhiring during the pandemic. In a letter to staff\u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2022/11/mark-zuckerberg-layoff-message-to-employees/\"> posted to the corporate website\u003c/a>, he cited a decline in e-commerce, the wider economic downturn, increased competition, and a decline in ad sales–the primary way the company makes money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got this wrong, and I take responsibility for that,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11932364\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11932364\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"a man in a black turtleneck explains something on a screen\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg made big investments in the “metaverse,” which he showed off during a virtual event last year. Last week, Zuckerberg announced the company was laying off 13% of its staff. \u003ccite>(Eric Risberg/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The layoffs come as the company has invested billions in the so-called metaverse, pitched as a virtual-reality future in which people will work, mingle, exercise and go to concerts. But it’s an unproven bet on the future, and not all everyone is convinced it should be the social media company’s focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said the workforce cuts would affect the whole organization, with recruiting staff disproportionately affected due to fewer hires anticipated in the coming year. A hiring freeze through the first quarter of 2023 will continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Twitter: about 3,700 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Billionaire Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk bought the social media platform at the end of October and wasted no time slashing its workforce. He \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/27/1132153277/elon-musk-takes-control-of-twitter-and-immediately-ousts-top-executives\">immediately ousted\u003c/a> the company’s leadership, including its CEO, CFO, and top lawyer. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/04/1134263184/twitter-layoffs-elon-musk\">Mass layoffs were announced\u003c/a> on November 4, with about 50% of the staff cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regarding Twitter’s reduction in force, unfortunately there is no choice when the company is losing over $4M/day,”\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1588671155766194176\"> Musk tweeted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Co-founder and former CEO Jack Dorsey \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jack/status/1588913276980633600\">tweeted \u003c/a>that he accepted blame for hiring too many workers in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I own the responsibility for why everyone is in this situation: I grew the company size too quickly. I apologize for that,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk’s $44 billion purchase of Twitter — which he tried to get out of for several months — has saddled the company with $13 billion of new debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His short tenure at the top of Twitter has been marked by hasty changes quickly halted, including his plan for a revamped Twitter Blue verification service, which charged $8 a month to get a blue checkmark on one’s account. Accounts impersonating celebrities, major corporations, and Musk himself proliferated immediately, spurring Twitter to halt Twitter Blue signups\u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/timeline-elon-musks-chaotic-twitter-blue-verification-rollout-2022-11\"> twice within a week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Key executives who were not fired, including Twitter’s head of content moderation and safety on the platform, and the company’s chief privacy officer and compliance officer,\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/10/twitter-security-resignations/\"> resigned last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Stripe: about 1,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Payment processing platform Stripe\u003ca href=\"https://stripe.com/newsroom/news/ceo-patrick-collisons-email-to-stripe-employees\"> announced on November 3\u003c/a> that it was cutting 14% of its workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stripe CEO Patrick Collison wrote in an email to employees that the pandemic pushed the world toward e-commerce, spurring the company’s growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CEO said he and his brother and co-founder John Collison had made “two very consequential mistakes”: being too optimistic about the internet economy’s near-term growth, and growing Stripe’s operating costs too quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are facing stubborn inflation, energy shocks, higher interest rates, reduced investment budgets, and sparser startup funding. … [M]any parts of the developed world appear to be headed for recession. We think that 2022 represents the beginning of a different economic climate,” Collison wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Salesforce: hundreds of jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Salesforce, which makes cloud-based business software, laid off some of its employees last week,\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/08/salesforce-cut-hundreds-of-employees-on-monday.html\"> CNBC reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salesforce said in a statement to NPR: “Our sales performance process drives accountability. Unfortunately, that can lead to some leaving the business, and we support them through their transition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A source familiar with the cuts said they affected hundreds of employees in the sales organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Microsoft: fewer than 1,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The software company made cuts across its divisions last month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/10/18/microsoft-layoffs-latest-tech-firm-cuts\">Axios reported\u003c/a>. Fewer than 1,000 jobs were cut, a source told Axios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A request for confirmation of the layoffs was not immediately returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Zillow, Snap and Robinhood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zillow, the online real estate marketplace, laid off 300 of its employees late last month, TechCrunch \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/10/26/zillow-layoff-300-employees/\">reported\u003c/a>. The company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/03/1051941654/zillow-will-stop-buying-and-renovating-homes-and-cut-25-of-its-workforce\">laid off 25% of its workforce \u003c/a>a year ago as it shuttered its instant buying service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snap, the company behind Snapchat, said at the end of August that it was \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.snap.com/en-US/restructuring-and-refocusing-our-business\">cutting its workforce by 20%\u003c/a>. The layoffs affected some 1,200 employees, with the company’s full-time workforce about 6,400 as of June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinhood, the brokerage app company, \u003ca href=\"https://blog.robinhood.com/news/2022/8/2/a-message-from-our-ceo-and-co-founder-vlad-tenev\">laid off 23% of its workforce\u003c/a> in August. That amounted to 780 employees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-02/robinhood-cuts-23-of-workforce-in-sweeping-reorganization?leadSource=uverify%20wall\">according to Bloomberg\u003c/a>. The company had already reduced its staff by 9% in April. “This did not go far enough,” wrote Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Alina Selyukh contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+the+end+of+the+boom+times+in+tech%2C+as+layoffs+keep+mounting&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Amazon will reportedly lay off 10,000 employees as soon as this week. That follows job cuts at Meta, Twitter, and Stripe, with CEOs citing economic uncertainty and a slowdown in online ad buying.",
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"title": "It's the End of the Boom Times in Tech, as Layoffs Keep Mounting | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For more than two decades, the U.S. tech industry has been a reliable source of booming stocks and cushy, high-paid jobs. In the span of weeks, the sheen has faded and the ax has fallen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 24,000 tech workers across 72 companies have been laid off this month, adding to a total of 120,000 tech jobs lost this year, \u003ca href=\"https://layoffs.fyi/\">according to layoffs.fyi\u003c/a>, which tracks job cuts in the tech industry. It’s safe to say a reckoning is underway, even as each company is grappling with its own challenges. (See: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/12/1136205315/musk-twitter-bankruptcy-how-likely\">Twitter\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the companies making public statements have cited at least one of two primary causes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First, they hired a lot of employees during the pandemic, when people were extremely online. Now, the internet boom has faded, offline life has picked up, and those new employees seem too expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second, broader economic wobbles have made brands more reluctant to spend on digital ads — a source of revenue for many tech companies. High interest rates have put an end to the cheap-money era of venture capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some of the companies that have announced the biggest job cuts.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Amazon: a reported 10,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The online retail and cloud computing behemoth plans to lay off some 10,000 employees in corporate and technology jobs,\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/14/technology/amazon-layoffs.html\"> \u003cem>The New York Times \u003c/em>was the first to report\u003c/a> on Monday. Amazon did not reply to an NPR request for confirmation of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of this fall, Amazon employed more than 1.5 million full- and part-time workers around the world, many in warehouses. The 10,000 expected layoffs would comprise about 3% of Amazon’s corporate employees, according to the \u003cem>Times\u003c/em>, and a significantly smaller share of its overall workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cuts reportedly will focus on Amazon’s devices division, including Alexa, the company’s virtual assistant technology, as well as its retail and human resources divisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.aboutamazon.com/news/workplace/a-note-about-hiring-from-beth-galetti\">announced a hiring freeze\u003c/a> on corporate jobs. “We’re facing an unusual macro-economic environment, and want to balance our hiring and investments with being thoughtful about this economy,” wrote Beth Galetti, Amazon’s senior vice president of people experience and technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meta: 11,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Facebook and Instagram’s parent company, Meta, laid off 11,000 people last week — about 13% of its staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEO Mark Zuckerberg attributed the cuts to overhiring during the pandemic. In a letter to staff\u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2022/11/mark-zuckerberg-layoff-message-to-employees/\"> posted to the corporate website\u003c/a>, he cited a decline in e-commerce, the wider economic downturn, increased competition, and a decline in ad sales–the primary way the company makes money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I got this wrong, and I take responsibility for that,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11932364\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11932364\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"a man in a black turtleneck explains something on a screen\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/ap21301632297030-daf49027eb5fc1b24525559960a695c71474bb4e-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg made big investments in the “metaverse,” which he showed off during a virtual event last year. Last week, Zuckerberg announced the company was laying off 13% of its staff. \u003ccite>(Eric Risberg/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The layoffs come as the company has invested billions in the so-called metaverse, pitched as a virtual-reality future in which people will work, mingle, exercise and go to concerts. But it’s an unproven bet on the future, and not all everyone is convinced it should be the social media company’s focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg said the workforce cuts would affect the whole organization, with recruiting staff disproportionately affected due to fewer hires anticipated in the coming year. A hiring freeze through the first quarter of 2023 will continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Twitter: about 3,700 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Billionaire Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk bought the social media platform at the end of October and wasted no time slashing its workforce. He \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/10/27/1132153277/elon-musk-takes-control-of-twitter-and-immediately-ousts-top-executives\">immediately ousted\u003c/a> the company’s leadership, including its CEO, CFO, and top lawyer. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/04/1134263184/twitter-layoffs-elon-musk\">Mass layoffs were announced\u003c/a> on November 4, with about 50% of the staff cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regarding Twitter’s reduction in force, unfortunately there is no choice when the company is losing over $4M/day,”\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1588671155766194176\"> Musk tweeted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Co-founder and former CEO Jack Dorsey \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jack/status/1588913276980633600\">tweeted \u003c/a>that he accepted blame for hiring too many workers in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I own the responsibility for why everyone is in this situation: I grew the company size too quickly. I apologize for that,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk’s $44 billion purchase of Twitter — which he tried to get out of for several months — has saddled the company with $13 billion of new debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His short tenure at the top of Twitter has been marked by hasty changes quickly halted, including his plan for a revamped Twitter Blue verification service, which charged $8 a month to get a blue checkmark on one’s account. Accounts impersonating celebrities, major corporations, and Musk himself proliferated immediately, spurring Twitter to halt Twitter Blue signups\u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/timeline-elon-musks-chaotic-twitter-blue-verification-rollout-2022-11\"> twice within a week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Key executives who were not fired, including Twitter’s head of content moderation and safety on the platform, and the company’s chief privacy officer and compliance officer,\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/11/10/twitter-security-resignations/\"> resigned last week\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Stripe: about 1,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Payment processing platform Stripe\u003ca href=\"https://stripe.com/newsroom/news/ceo-patrick-collisons-email-to-stripe-employees\"> announced on November 3\u003c/a> that it was cutting 14% of its workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stripe CEO Patrick Collison wrote in an email to employees that the pandemic pushed the world toward e-commerce, spurring the company’s growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CEO said he and his brother and co-founder John Collison had made “two very consequential mistakes”: being too optimistic about the internet economy’s near-term growth, and growing Stripe’s operating costs too quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are facing stubborn inflation, energy shocks, higher interest rates, reduced investment budgets, and sparser startup funding. … [M]any parts of the developed world appear to be headed for recession. We think that 2022 represents the beginning of a different economic climate,” Collison wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Salesforce: hundreds of jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Salesforce, which makes cloud-based business software, laid off some of its employees last week,\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/08/salesforce-cut-hundreds-of-employees-on-monday.html\"> CNBC reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salesforce said in a statement to NPR: “Our sales performance process drives accountability. Unfortunately, that can lead to some leaving the business, and we support them through their transition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A source familiar with the cuts said they affected hundreds of employees in the sales organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Microsoft: fewer than 1,000 jobs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The software company made cuts across its divisions last month, \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2022/10/18/microsoft-layoffs-latest-tech-firm-cuts\">Axios reported\u003c/a>. Fewer than 1,000 jobs were cut, a source told Axios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A request for confirmation of the layoffs was not immediately returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Zillow, Snap and Robinhood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Zillow, the online real estate marketplace, laid off 300 of its employees late last month, TechCrunch \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/10/26/zillow-layoff-300-employees/\">reported\u003c/a>. The company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/03/1051941654/zillow-will-stop-buying-and-renovating-homes-and-cut-25-of-its-workforce\">laid off 25% of its workforce \u003c/a>a year ago as it shuttered its instant buying service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snap, the company behind Snapchat, said at the end of August that it was \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.snap.com/en-US/restructuring-and-refocusing-our-business\">cutting its workforce by 20%\u003c/a>. The layoffs affected some 1,200 employees, with the company’s full-time workforce about 6,400 as of June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robinhood, the brokerage app company, \u003ca href=\"https://blog.robinhood.com/news/2022/8/2/a-message-from-our-ceo-and-co-founder-vlad-tenev\">laid off 23% of its workforce\u003c/a> in August. That amounted to 780 employees, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-02/robinhood-cuts-23-of-workforce-in-sweeping-reorganization?leadSource=uverify%20wall\">according to Bloomberg\u003c/a>. The company had already reduced its staff by 9% in April. “This did not go far enough,” wrote Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Alina Selyukh contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+the+end+of+the+boom+times+in+tech%2C+as+layoffs+keep+mounting&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Meta Layoffs: Facebook Parent Company Cuts 11,000 Jobs, Zuckerberg Says 'I Got This Wrong'",
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"headTitle": "Meta Layoffs: Facebook Parent Company Cuts 11,000 Jobs, Zuckerberg Says ‘I Got This Wrong’ | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook parent Meta is laying off 11,000 people, about 13% of its workforce, as it contends with faltering revenue and broader tech industry woes, CEO Mark Zuckerberg said in a letter to employees Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job cuts come just a week after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11931134/twitter-begins-mass-layoffs-one-week-after-musk-takeover\">widespread layoffs at Twitter\u003c/a> under its new owner, billionaire Elon Musk. There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101891200/bay-area-tech-layoffs-stoke-fears-of-impending-recession\">numerous job cuts at other tech companies\u003c/a> that hired rapidly during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='forum_2010101891200,news_11931134' label='Related Coverage']Zuckerberg also said that he had made the decision to hire aggressively, anticipating rapid growth even after the pandemic ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, this did not play out the way I expected,” Zuckerberg said in a prepared statement. “Not only has online commerce returned to prior trends, but the macroeconomic downturn, increased competition, and ads signal loss have caused our revenue to be much lower than I’d expected. I got this wrong, and I take responsibility for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta, like other social media companies, enjoyed a financial boost during the pandemic lockdown era because more people stayed home and scrolled on their phones and computers. But as the lockdowns ended and people started going outside again, revenue growth began to falter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular concern to investors, Meta poured over $10 billion a year into the “metaverse” as it shifts its focus away from social media. Zuckerberg predicts the metaverse, an immersive digital universe, will eventually replace smartphones as the primary way people use technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spooked investors have sent company shares tumbling more than 71% since the beginning of the year and the stock now trades at levels last seen in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An economic slowdown and a grim outlook for online advertising — by far Meta’s biggest revenue source — have contributed to Meta’s woes as well. This summer, Meta posted its first quarterly revenue decline in history, followed by another, bigger decline in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the pain is company-specific, while some is tied to broader economic and technological forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Twitter laid off about half of its 7,500 employees, part of a chaotic overhaul as Musk took the helm. He tweeted that there was no choice but to cut the jobs “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1588671155766194176\">when the company is losing over $4M/day\u003c/a>,” though he did not provide details about the losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11931737\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11931737\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200.jpg\" alt=\"Blue infinity symbol on white sign with car zooming by\" width=\"1200\" height=\"793\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The sign in front of Meta headquarters in Menlo Park. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meta and its advertisers are bracing for a potential recession. There’s also the challenge of Apple’s privacy tools, which make it more difficult for social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram and Snap to track people without their consent and target ads to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Competition from TikTok is also a growing threat as younger people flock to the video-sharing app over Instagram, which Meta also owns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve cut costs across our business, including scaling back budgets, reducing perks and shrinking our real estate footprint,” Zuckerberg said. “We’re restructuring teams to increase our efficiency. But these measures alone won’t bring our expenses in line with our revenue growth, so I’ve also made the hard decision to let people go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A hiring freeze at the company will be extended through the first quarter of 2023, Zuckerberg said. The company has also slashed its real estate footprint and said that with so many employees working outside of the office, the company will transition to desk sharing for those that remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More cost cuts at Meta will be rolled out in coming months, Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg told employees Wednesday that they will receive an email letting them know if they are among those being let go. Access to most company systems will be cut off for people losing their jobs, he said, due to the sensitive nature of that information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re keeping email addresses active throughout the day so everyone can say farewell,” Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former employees will receive 16 weeks of base pay, plus two additional weeks for every year with the company, Zuckerberg said. Health insurance for those employees and their families will continue for six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shares of Meta Platforms Inc. jumped almost 5% before the opening bell Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook parent Meta is laying off 11,000 people, about 13% of its workforce, as it contends with faltering revenue and broader tech industry woes, CEO Mark Zuckerberg said in a letter to employees Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The job cuts come just a week after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11931134/twitter-begins-mass-layoffs-one-week-after-musk-takeover\">widespread layoffs at Twitter\u003c/a> under its new owner, billionaire Elon Musk. There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101891200/bay-area-tech-layoffs-stoke-fears-of-impending-recession\">numerous job cuts at other tech companies\u003c/a> that hired rapidly during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Zuckerberg also said that he had made the decision to hire aggressively, anticipating rapid growth even after the pandemic ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, this did not play out the way I expected,” Zuckerberg said in a prepared statement. “Not only has online commerce returned to prior trends, but the macroeconomic downturn, increased competition, and ads signal loss have caused our revenue to be much lower than I’d expected. I got this wrong, and I take responsibility for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta, like other social media companies, enjoyed a financial boost during the pandemic lockdown era because more people stayed home and scrolled on their phones and computers. But as the lockdowns ended and people started going outside again, revenue growth began to falter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular concern to investors, Meta poured over $10 billion a year into the “metaverse” as it shifts its focus away from social media. Zuckerberg predicts the metaverse, an immersive digital universe, will eventually replace smartphones as the primary way people use technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spooked investors have sent company shares tumbling more than 71% since the beginning of the year and the stock now trades at levels last seen in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An economic slowdown and a grim outlook for online advertising — by far Meta’s biggest revenue source — have contributed to Meta’s woes as well. This summer, Meta posted its first quarterly revenue decline in history, followed by another, bigger decline in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the pain is company-specific, while some is tied to broader economic and technological forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, Twitter laid off about half of its 7,500 employees, part of a chaotic overhaul as Musk took the helm. He tweeted that there was no choice but to cut the jobs “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1588671155766194176\">when the company is losing over $4M/day\u003c/a>,” though he did not provide details about the losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11931737\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11931737\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200.jpg\" alt=\"Blue infinity symbol on white sign with car zooming by\" width=\"1200\" height=\"793\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200-1020x674.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/11/MetaSign_1200-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The sign in front of Meta headquarters in Menlo Park. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meta and its advertisers are bracing for a potential recession. There’s also the challenge of Apple’s privacy tools, which make it more difficult for social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram and Snap to track people without their consent and target ads to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Competition from TikTok is also a growing threat as younger people flock to the video-sharing app over Instagram, which Meta also owns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve cut costs across our business, including scaling back budgets, reducing perks and shrinking our real estate footprint,” Zuckerberg said. “We’re restructuring teams to increase our efficiency. But these measures alone won’t bring our expenses in line with our revenue growth, so I’ve also made the hard decision to let people go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A hiring freeze at the company will be extended through the first quarter of 2023, Zuckerberg said. The company has also slashed its real estate footprint and said that with so many employees working outside of the office, the company will transition to desk sharing for those that remain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More cost cuts at Meta will be rolled out in coming months, Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg told employees Wednesday that they will receive an email letting them know if they are among those being let go. Access to most company systems will be cut off for people losing their jobs, he said, due to the sensitive nature of that information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re keeping email addresses active throughout the day so everyone can say farewell,” Zuckerberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former employees will receive 16 weeks of base pay, plus two additional weeks for every year with the company, Zuckerberg said. Health insurance for those employees and their families will continue for six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shares of Meta Platforms Inc. jumped almost 5% before the opening bell Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Kermit Jones\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Kermit Jones, a Democrat, is running for a seat in California’s 3rd Congressional District, a mostly rural district that leans conservative. He’s up against Republican Kevin Kiley, currently a state Assemblymember. The district stretches from Plumas County, through Sacramento suburbs, into parts of El Dorado County and down to Inyo County. (Note: Assemblymember Kiley declined to be interviewed.)\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Exploring the Metaverse\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you’ve seen the sci-fi movie Ready Player One, you can imagine a bit of what the metaverse might be like. But it’s still forming, so does anyone really know? Tech giants are betting big that it will change our lives forever — just look at Facebook changing its name to Meta. And analysts say the metaverse industry is expected to boom by hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade. But building out a digital universe is far from certain. There are major obstacles to overcome, from creation to adoption. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sami Khan, Atlas Earth CEO and co-founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rachel Metz, CNN Business senior writer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Op Tepmongkol-Wheaton, The Ohzone Inc. CEO and founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: 1950s San Francisco\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Let’s take a journey in time in the other direction — into the past. This week's Something Beautiful reveals San Francisco in the 1950s, with archival footage of some of the city's famed spots.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Kermit Jones\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Kermit Jones, a Democrat, is running for a seat in California’s 3rd Congressional District, a mostly rural district that leans conservative. He’s up against Republican Kevin Kiley, currently a state Assemblymember. The district stretches from Plumas County, through Sacramento suburbs, into parts of El Dorado County and down to Inyo County. (Note: Assemblymember Kiley declined to be interviewed.)\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Exploring the Metaverse\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you’ve seen the sci-fi movie Ready Player One, you can imagine a bit of what the metaverse might be like. But it’s still forming, so does anyone really know? Tech giants are betting big that it will change our lives forever — just look at Facebook changing its name to Meta. And analysts say the metaverse industry is expected to boom by hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade. But building out a digital universe is far from certain. There are major obstacles to overcome, from creation to adoption. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sami Khan, Atlas Earth CEO and co-founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rachel Metz, CNN Business senior writer\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Op Tepmongkol-Wheaton, The Ohzone Inc. CEO and founder\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: 1950s San Francisco\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Let’s take a journey in time in the other direction — into the past. This week's Something Beautiful reveals San Francisco in the 1950s, with archival footage of some of the city's famed spots.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Agreement Reached With Striking Janitors at Meta Offices",
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"content": "\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\">\u003ci>Updated Tuesday, 11 a.m.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janitors who clean Meta’s offices reached an agreement with the contracting firm that hires them, ending a strike that started last week in response to mass layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"From the negotiations that happened over the weekend, we were able to reduce the amount of layoffs and increase sustainability of the workforce that is still there,\" said Sebastian Silva, communications coordinator for Service Employees International Union-United Service Workers West, the union representing many janitors in Silicon Valley. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"David Huerta, president, SEIU-USWW\"]'It is critical they remember that USWW members' work has always been — and will continue to be — essential and that workers deserve jobs with dignity.'[/pullquote]The agreement that was reached on Sunday night with SBM Management, the contractor that handles Meta’s janitorial services, includes severance pay and health care for impacted workers, Silva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We also wanted to make sure the workload for the remaining workers is sustainable,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers went on strike last week after more than 120 janitors were laid off by SBM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The downsizing effort resulted in increased and excessive workloads for remaining employees, and fewer unionized workers, SEIU-USWW said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We thank Meta for listening to workers' demands for safer working conditions and covering wages and benefits for workers during the pandemic,\" David Huerta, president of SEIU-USWW, said in a statement. \"We also thank them for intervening and working towards a resolution with the site contractor, SBM. As employers, like Meta and SBM look ahead, it is critical they remember that USWW members' work has always been — and will continue to be — essential and that workers deserve jobs with dignity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For us it’s a victory when you can tell workers that they can go back to their jobs, and that's a big win for us,” said Olga Miranda, president of SEIU Local 87.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miranda also said that despite the win at Meta, similar efforts to reduce janitorial staff are still happening at other tech companies, where her union is working to organize more workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928190\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928190\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A person stands center frame shouting into a megaphone with another person standing just behind them and to the side clapping excitedly. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Huerta, SEIU-USWW president, addresses the crowd outside a Meta store in Burlingame, on Oct. 7, 2022. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We will stand up to each and every form of corporate harassment and continue to intensify the fight for safe working conditions, as well as dignity and respect for Meta’s cleaning workers,” Huerta told striking workers at a rally on Friday outside Meta’s Burlingame offices.[aside postID=\"news_11928247\" label=\"Related Post\"]The crowd of largely Latinx workers shouted labor chants like, \"Arriba la union, abajo la explotación\" (which in English means, \"Up with the union, down with exploitation\") and \"SBM, escucha, estamos en la lucha\" (\"SBM, listen, we are in the fight\").\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928191\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11928191 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"An upward-angled picture of several people in a crowd clapping\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Janitorial workers from two SEIU chapters, SEIU-USWW and SEIU Local 87, are striking in solidarity with each other. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Janitor Maria Garcia said her duties more than doubled after SBM began laying off employees, and as a single mother she struggles to be apart from her children for so long. Garcia said she also misses her co-workers who were let go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I keep my fingers crossed to see my brothers and sisters come back. I want that,\" said Garcia. \"I don’t ask for money. I want to see my people come back. And more respect. I want respect because when you have respect and love, everything goes more smooth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928192\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11928192 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='A picket sign that reads \"Justice for Janitors\"' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As part of their negotiations, striking janitors are calling for their former co-workers who were laid off to be rehired. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meta pointed out in a statement that they worked to ensure workers were paid throughout the pandemic, even when offices were shut down. While workers don’t contest that, they argue the recent layoffs with no advance warning fly in the face of Meta’s rhetoric during that time, when the Facebook parent company regarded its janitorial staff as essential and valued workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928193\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11928193 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a grey wide-brimmed hat and purple shirt reading justice for janitors faces the camera while holding a picket sign.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers say the layoffs have resulted in increased and excessive workloads for those who remain. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Juan Carlos Lara and Spencer Whitney contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\">\u003ci>Updated Tuesday, 11 a.m.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Janitors who clean Meta’s offices reached an agreement with the contracting firm that hires them, ending a strike that started last week in response to mass layoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"From the negotiations that happened over the weekend, we were able to reduce the amount of layoffs and increase sustainability of the workforce that is still there,\" said Sebastian Silva, communications coordinator for Service Employees International Union-United Service Workers West, the union representing many janitors in Silicon Valley. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The agreement that was reached on Sunday night with SBM Management, the contractor that handles Meta’s janitorial services, includes severance pay and health care for impacted workers, Silva said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We also wanted to make sure the workload for the remaining workers is sustainable,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers went on strike last week after more than 120 janitors were laid off by SBM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The downsizing effort resulted in increased and excessive workloads for remaining employees, and fewer unionized workers, SEIU-USWW said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We thank Meta for listening to workers' demands for safer working conditions and covering wages and benefits for workers during the pandemic,\" David Huerta, president of SEIU-USWW, said in a statement. \"We also thank them for intervening and working towards a resolution with the site contractor, SBM. As employers, like Meta and SBM look ahead, it is critical they remember that USWW members' work has always been — and will continue to be — essential and that workers deserve jobs with dignity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For us it’s a victory when you can tell workers that they can go back to their jobs, and that's a big win for us,” said Olga Miranda, president of SEIU Local 87.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miranda also said that despite the win at Meta, similar efforts to reduce janitorial staff are still happening at other tech companies, where her union is working to organize more workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928190\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11928190\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A person stands center frame shouting into a megaphone with another person standing just behind them and to the side clapping excitedly. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59142_DSC09718-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Huerta, SEIU-USWW president, addresses the crowd outside a Meta store in Burlingame, on Oct. 7, 2022. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"We will stand up to each and every form of corporate harassment and continue to intensify the fight for safe working conditions, as well as dignity and respect for Meta’s cleaning workers,” Huerta told striking workers at a rally on Friday outside Meta’s Burlingame offices.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The crowd of largely Latinx workers shouted labor chants like, \"Arriba la union, abajo la explotación\" (which in English means, \"Up with the union, down with exploitation\") and \"SBM, escucha, estamos en la lucha\" (\"SBM, listen, we are in the fight\").\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928191\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11928191 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"An upward-angled picture of several people in a crowd clapping\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59110_DSC08166-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Janitorial workers from two SEIU chapters, SEIU-USWW and SEIU Local 87, are striking in solidarity with each other. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Janitor Maria Garcia said her duties more than doubled after SBM began laying off employees, and as a single mother she struggles to be apart from her children for so long. Garcia said she also misses her co-workers who were let go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I keep my fingers crossed to see my brothers and sisters come back. I want that,\" said Garcia. \"I don’t ask for money. I want to see my people come back. And more respect. I want respect because when you have respect and love, everything goes more smooth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928192\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11928192 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt='A picket sign that reads \"Justice for Janitors\"' width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59127_DSC09516-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As part of their negotiations, striking janitors are calling for their former co-workers who were laid off to be rehired. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meta pointed out in a statement that they worked to ensure workers were paid throughout the pandemic, even when offices were shut down. While workers don’t contest that, they argue the recent layoffs with no advance warning fly in the face of Meta’s rhetoric during that time, when the Facebook parent company regarded its janitorial staff as essential and valued workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11928193\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11928193 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a grey wide-brimmed hat and purple shirt reading justice for janitors faces the camera while holding a picket sign.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/10/RS59160_DSC09864-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers say the layoffs have resulted in increased and excessive workloads for those who remain. \u003ccite>(Aryk Copley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Juan Carlos Lara and Spencer Whitney contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Popular Facebook Group Admin Pulls Plug on Groups Over Content Moderation",
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"content": "\u003cp>History fans who frequent Facebook’s popular history Groups are in for a shock when they next log in. Nick Wright, founder of \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.facebook.com/HistoryAlliance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.facebook.com/HistoryAlliance\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">History Alliance\u003c/a> — an umbrella group that, until recently, boasted more than two dozen history groups and 1.3 million members — shut down a host of Groups Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Groups closed include SF Photography (with 141,500 members), World History (104,000), Yosemite Photo (35,500), San Francisco Current Events (20,500) and California History (120,000).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a good start,” Wright wrote to KQED. Already, in mid-August, he shut down WWII (85,000 members), and then, just a few days ago, Oakland History (61,400). “I think I need to shut all these 1.3 million member groups down. There is just no end game that ends well in this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright, who lives in San José, says he and more than 30 fellow volunteer group administrators have been engaged in a war of attrition with Facebook because of the platform’s AI-led content moderation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facebook’s users are not really customers in the traditional sense. They don’t pay to be on the platform, which boasts close to 3 billion users. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2021/12/10/22827708/meta-facebook-instagram-account-lockout-support-tools\">Facebook has been criticized for years for its limited human customer support\u003c/a>, and \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">even the power users who run Facebook Groups sometimes struggle to get help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-800x524.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of a post on a Facebook page.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-800x524.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-1020x667.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM.png 1250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook history Group fans may have noticed recently that their Groups have been paused. The administrators claim the platform’s content-moderation software is driving them to distraction. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a lot of ways, Facebook Groups would seem to be the best example of organic user engagement on the platform: real people talking to each other about common interests. It’s Facebook as the company wants to be seen, judging from its “More Together” ad campaign.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgGAZOIHxTs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this ad, young hipsters support each other in the search for mental health. But running a bunch of groups has not been good for Nick Wright’s mental health the last couple of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They should be encouraging and mentoring us, not putting their foot on our necks,” Wright said. “You would think they were doing us a favor. Somehow they lost sight that we are doing them a favor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A failure to communicate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For example, Wright said, a photo with something flesh-colored in it can sometimes “read” as porn to the software. Or let’s say Wright, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/san-jose-man-uses-old-pictures-to-create-new-views-of-early-san-francisco/202451/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">self-taught digital stitcher of historic photographs\u003c/a>, writes a mini-essay on a photo of San Francisco long out of copyright protection he’s unearthed. Then he posts that in SF Photography, SF History, California History and other groups in the History Alliance that seem a likely fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The software may well read these repeat posts as spam, and take action against his account if he keeps doing this kind of thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Facebook spokesperson said this would be a “correct” determination on the part of the software, even though Wright is a). an administrator, and b). posting about history in c). history groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925516\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925516\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM-800x1099.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from a Facebook message to another user.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1099\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM-800x1099.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM-160x220.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM.png 830w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Facebook Messenger exchange between Nick Wright and fellow Facebook user Mark Reed: ‘He did a nice post of an 1860s house that I saw and right while we were talking, FB removed it for Spam. Completely unwarranted,’ Wright wrote. ‘This is a great way to kill a group and stop people from posting and interacting.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The flesh-colored photo reading as porn, though, would be an example of a “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/data/community-standards-enforcement/spam/facebook/#restored-content\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">false positive\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” a legitimate post the software incorrectly flags as suspicious. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13907310/facebook-account-deletion-ai-content-moderation-failure\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It happens.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The rules that govern Facebook content moderation are also notoriously \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/08/25/facebook-newsworthiness-politicians-exemption-cross-check/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inconsistently applied\u003c/a>. Wright also has a host of screenshots to back up his claims that Facebook’s software sometimes temporarily restricts moderators’ personal accounts for failing to stop false positives, or even restricts offending groups. \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We have spent tens of thousands of hours to create these groups without any pay or reward from Facebook,” Wright wrote KQED. “We are now being penalized by Facebook for running these groups, as they hold us accountable for applying their community standards to user posts and regularly victimize us with their erroneous and anemic AI, yet give us no recourse. Now they are stopping new members from joining our groups and threatening to close our groups.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Facebook spokesperson who dug into his claims rejects Wright’s characterization of what’s happening. The spokesperson wrote that the company recognizes there’s no one-size-fits-all approach to being a group administrator, and that Facebook has a number of resources available to help them run the groups and get help when problems arise — but, no, hands-on human tech support is not often available, even to power users like those in History Alliance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925558\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925558\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM-800x1160.jpeg\" alt='An alert from Facebook reads \"A group participant shared a comment that goes against our Community Standards on violence and incitement.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"1160\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM-800x1160.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM-160x232.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM.jpeg 888w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of a flagged Facebook post in the San Francisco Current Events group. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Facebook spokesperson also argued that the history moderators are bringing trouble on themselves in a variety of ways: using more than one personal Facebook account, a violation of \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/policies/community-standards/account-integrity-and-authentic-identity/\">Facebook terms\u003c/a>; uploading the same posts in multiple groups at “high frequency,” which qualifies as \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/policies/community-standards/spam/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">spam\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">; and repeatedly posting material that Facebook AI believes they don’t have the copyright to.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here’s an example of the kind of alert Wright’s administrators receive when a post is deleted by the content-moderation software:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hello,\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’ve removed content posted on your Facebook group San Francisco Music because we received a report that it infringes someone else’s intellectual property rights. Please ensure content posted on your group does not infringe someone else’s intellectual property rights. If additional content is posted to this group that infringes or violates someone else’s rights or otherwise violates the law, Facebook may be required to remove the group entirely.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The content was posted by ________. The responsible party who posted the content also has been notified about this report.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks,\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Facebook Team\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wright started moderating in 2013, and claims Facebook used to provide a number of tools to help him manage groups that are no longer available to him. These days, for example, he uses his own Excel spreadsheet to track membership in the various groups. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855408/social-media-giants-banned-trump-but-they-still-have-lots-of-problems\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All social platforms face immense pressure\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — from politicians, human rights advocates and, even, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746028/as-facebook-pivots-to-private-platforms-how-will-we-monitor-fake-news-and-hate-speech\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">journalists like myself\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — to weed out all sorts of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">toxic things\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: porn, spam, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919374/report-anti-hindu-hate-speech-surges-on-social-media\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hate speech\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11806039/coronavirus-conspiracies-and-misinformation-what-social-media-companies-are-doing-about-it\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">health-related misinformation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and political disinformation. Major platforms all at least attempt to moderate content to ensure civil discourse. In some cases, laws require them to.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nick Wright, founder, History Alliance Groups on Facebook\"]‘We are now being penalized by Facebook for running these groups as they hold us accountable for applying their community standards to user posts and regularly victimize us with their erroneous and anemic AI, yet give us no recourse.’[/pullquote]\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, it bears acknowledging that real violations will happen in Facebook Groups, and happen all the time. But the automatic flagging is incessant, according to Wright, leading to something akin to alert fatigue — but also fatigue with the automated relationship he has with the platform’s software.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s a judgment call, right and wrong half the time. Then they’re, like, you know, ‘You made a bad call. You approved this thing. And we’re going to hold it against you for the next three months.’ Every time you log on, it shows that you’ve got demerits against the group. It’s just annoying, right?” Wright said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He first decided to take down a history group in mid-August, and shared a screenshot of his announcement to his secret group for fellow history administrators. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Everything shared in a secret group is visible only to its members — and, it turns out, the content-moderation software\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925518\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11925518 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-800x948.png\" alt='A screenshot from Facebook that reads \"This post goes against our Community Standards on spam\" at the top.' width=\"800\" height=\"948\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-800x948.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-1020x1208.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-160x190.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM.png 1258w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of a message to Nick Wright alerting him that his post had been flagged as spam. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Facebook spokesperson wrote that it’s up to Wright and his colleagues to take better advantage of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/community/whats-new/new-tools-features-nurture-community/\">an ever-growing host of software tools\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> like “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/community/using-key-groups-tools/using-facebook-admin-support/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Admin Support\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” to educate themselves as to why they and their groups are getting repeatedly dinged by the software. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Occasionally, a rank-and-file Facebook user becomes so upset with the lack of human customer support, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kron4.com/news/bay-area/enraged-facebook-user-convicted-of-threatening-menlo-park-campus/\">they show up at headquarters making physical threats (and get arrested)\u003c/a>. Meta’s independent \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-25/facebook-meta-is-building-a-customer-service-group-for-content-complaints\">Oversight Board has reportedly received more than a million appeals from users\u003c/a>, many of them related to account support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facebook did offer this comment from the company’s Vice President of Governance Brent Harris: “Meta is investing into improving customer support for our platforms. This is something the board has asked for briefings on and continues to advocate for. The sheer volume of appeals to the board shows that the public sees them as a voice for users on this issue.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If users aren’t Meta’s customers, who are?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, users aren’t Meta’s customers — advertisers are. During \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://investor.fb.com/investor-events/default.aspx\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Meta Platforms’ second-quarter 2022 earnings conference call\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, CEO Mark Zuckerberg said he was pleased with how the company’s content-moderation efforts are coming along. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Every quarter, we release a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2022/08/community-standards-enforcement-report-q2-2022/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">community standards enforcement report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> where, basically, the main metric is identifying what percent of the harmful content do our systems identify and take action on before someone has to report it to us?” said Zuckerberg. “And those metrics are generally moving in the right direction.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Subbu Vincent, director of the Journalism and Media Ethics program at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University, suggests a different set of metrics. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It would be good for the Oversight Board to ask them to disclose every quarter how many users complained, what were the types of complaints, how many did they process humanly, how many did they process by machine, how many resulted in a reversal of the initial decision because it was a mistake by the company,” Vincent said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>History fans who frequent Facebook’s popular history Groups are in for a shock when they next log in. Nick Wright, founder of \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.facebook.com/HistoryAlliance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.facebook.com/HistoryAlliance\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">History Alliance\u003c/a> — an umbrella group that, until recently, boasted more than two dozen history groups and 1.3 million members — shut down a host of Groups Tuesday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Groups closed include SF Photography (with 141,500 members), World History (104,000), Yosemite Photo (35,500), San Francisco Current Events (20,500) and California History (120,000).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is a good start,” Wright wrote to KQED. Already, in mid-August, he shut down WWII (85,000 members), and then, just a few days ago, Oakland History (61,400). “I think I need to shut all these 1.3 million member groups down. There is just no end game that ends well in this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright, who lives in San José, says he and more than 30 fellow volunteer group administrators have been engaged in a war of attrition with Facebook because of the platform’s AI-led content moderation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facebook’s users are not really customers in the traditional sense. They don’t pay to be on the platform, which boasts close to 3 billion users. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2021/12/10/22827708/meta-facebook-instagram-account-lockout-support-tools\">Facebook has been criticized for years for its limited human customer support\u003c/a>, and \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">even the power users who run Facebook Groups sometimes struggle to get help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-800x524.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of a post on a Facebook page.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-800x524.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-1020x667.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM-160x105.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.30.05-PM.png 1250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Facebook history Group fans may have noticed recently that their Groups have been paused. The administrators claim the platform’s content-moderation software is driving them to distraction. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a lot of ways, Facebook Groups would seem to be the best example of organic user engagement on the platform: real people talking to each other about common interests. It’s Facebook as the company wants to be seen, judging from its “More Together” ad campaign.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/PgGAZOIHxTs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/PgGAZOIHxTs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>In this ad, young hipsters support each other in the search for mental health. But running a bunch of groups has not been good for Nick Wright’s mental health the last couple of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They should be encouraging and mentoring us, not putting their foot on our necks,” Wright said. “You would think they were doing us a favor. Somehow they lost sight that we are doing them a favor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A failure to communicate\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For example, Wright said, a photo with something flesh-colored in it can sometimes “read” as porn to the software. Or let’s say Wright, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/san-jose-man-uses-old-pictures-to-create-new-views-of-early-san-francisco/202451/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">self-taught digital stitcher of historic photographs\u003c/a>, writes a mini-essay on a photo of San Francisco long out of copyright protection he’s unearthed. Then he posts that in SF Photography, SF History, California History and other groups in the History Alliance that seem a likely fit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The software may well read these repeat posts as spam, and take action against his account if he keeps doing this kind of thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Facebook spokesperson said this would be a “correct” determination on the part of the software, even though Wright is a). an administrator, and b). posting about history in c). history groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925516\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925516\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM-800x1099.png\" alt=\"A screenshot from a Facebook message to another user.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1099\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM-800x1099.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM-160x220.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.39.09-PM.png 830w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Facebook Messenger exchange between Nick Wright and fellow Facebook user Mark Reed: ‘He did a nice post of an 1860s house that I saw and right while we were talking, FB removed it for Spam. Completely unwarranted,’ Wright wrote. ‘This is a great way to kill a group and stop people from posting and interacting.’ \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The flesh-colored photo reading as porn, though, would be an example of a “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/data/community-standards-enforcement/spam/facebook/#restored-content\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">false positive\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” a legitimate post the software incorrectly flags as suspicious. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13907310/facebook-account-deletion-ai-content-moderation-failure\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It happens.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The rules that govern Facebook content moderation are also notoriously \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/08/25/facebook-newsworthiness-politicians-exemption-cross-check/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">inconsistently applied\u003c/a>. Wright also has a host of screenshots to back up his claims that Facebook’s software sometimes temporarily restricts moderators’ personal accounts for failing to stop false positives, or even restricts offending groups. \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“We have spent tens of thousands of hours to create these groups without any pay or reward from Facebook,” Wright wrote KQED. “We are now being penalized by Facebook for running these groups, as they hold us accountable for applying their community standards to user posts and regularly victimize us with their erroneous and anemic AI, yet give us no recourse. Now they are stopping new members from joining our groups and threatening to close our groups.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A Facebook spokesperson who dug into his claims rejects Wright’s characterization of what’s happening. The spokesperson wrote that the company recognizes there’s no one-size-fits-all approach to being a group administrator, and that Facebook has a number of resources available to help them run the groups and get help when problems arise — but, no, hands-on human tech support is not often available, even to power users like those in History Alliance.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925558\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11925558\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM-800x1160.jpeg\" alt='An alert from Facebook reads \"A group participant shared a comment that goes against our Community Standards on violence and incitement.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"1160\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM-800x1160.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM-160x232.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-4.32.45-PM.jpeg 888w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of a flagged Facebook post in the San Francisco Current Events group. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Facebook spokesperson also argued that the history moderators are bringing trouble on themselves in a variety of ways: using more than one personal Facebook account, a violation of \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/policies/community-standards/account-integrity-and-authentic-identity/\">Facebook terms\u003c/a>; uploading the same posts in multiple groups at “high frequency,” which qualifies as \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/policies/community-standards/spam/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">spam\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">; and repeatedly posting material that Facebook AI believes they don’t have the copyright to.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Here’s an example of the kind of alert Wright’s administrators receive when a post is deleted by the content-moderation software:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hello,\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’ve removed content posted on your Facebook group San Francisco Music because we received a report that it infringes someone else’s intellectual property rights. Please ensure content posted on your group does not infringe someone else’s intellectual property rights. If additional content is posted to this group that infringes or violates someone else’s rights or otherwise violates the law, Facebook may be required to remove the group entirely.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The content was posted by ________. The responsible party who posted the content also has been notified about this report.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks,\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Facebook Team\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wright started moderating in 2013, and claims Facebook used to provide a number of tools to help him manage groups that are no longer available to him. These days, for example, he uses his own Excel spreadsheet to track membership in the various groups. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11855408/social-media-giants-banned-trump-but-they-still-have-lots-of-problems\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All social platforms face immense pressure\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — from politicians, human rights advocates and, even, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11746028/as-facebook-pivots-to-private-platforms-how-will-we-monitor-fake-news-and-hate-speech\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">journalists like myself\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — to weed out all sorts of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11702239/why-its-so-hard-to-scrub-hate-speech-off-social-media\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">toxic things\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: porn, spam, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11919374/report-anti-hindu-hate-speech-surges-on-social-media\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hate speech\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11806039/coronavirus-conspiracies-and-misinformation-what-social-media-companies-are-doing-about-it\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">health-related misinformation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and political disinformation. Major platforms all at least attempt to moderate content to ensure civil discourse. In some cases, laws require them to.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, it bears acknowledging that real violations will happen in Facebook Groups, and happen all the time. But the automatic flagging is incessant, according to Wright, leading to something akin to alert fatigue — but also fatigue with the automated relationship he has with the platform’s software.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It’s a judgment call, right and wrong half the time. Then they’re, like, you know, ‘You made a bad call. You approved this thing. And we’re going to hold it against you for the next three months.’ Every time you log on, it shows that you’ve got demerits against the group. It’s just annoying, right?” Wright said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He first decided to take down a history group in mid-August, and shared a screenshot of his announcement to his secret group for fellow history administrators. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Everything shared in a secret group is visible only to its members — and, it turns out, the content-moderation software\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11925518\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11925518 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-800x948.png\" alt='A screenshot from Facebook that reads \"This post goes against our Community Standards on spam\" at the top.' width=\"800\" height=\"948\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-800x948.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-1020x1208.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM-160x190.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/09/Screen-Shot-2022-09-13-at-3.42.09-PM.png 1258w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot of a message to Nick Wright alerting him that his post had been flagged as spam. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nick Wright/Image from Facebook)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Facebook spokesperson wrote that it’s up to Wright and his colleagues to take better advantage of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/community/whats-new/new-tools-features-nurture-community/\">an ever-growing host of software tools\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> like “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/community/using-key-groups-tools/using-facebook-admin-support/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Admin Support\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">,” to educate themselves as to why they and their groups are getting repeatedly dinged by the software. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Occasionally, a rank-and-file Facebook user becomes so upset with the lack of human customer support, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kron4.com/news/bay-area/enraged-facebook-user-convicted-of-threatening-menlo-park-campus/\">they show up at headquarters making physical threats (and get arrested)\u003c/a>. Meta’s independent \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-25/facebook-meta-is-building-a-customer-service-group-for-content-complaints\">Oversight Board has reportedly received more than a million appeals from users\u003c/a>, many of them related to account support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Facebook did offer this comment from the company’s Vice President of Governance Brent Harris: “Meta is investing into improving customer support for our platforms. This is something the board has asked for briefings on and continues to advocate for. The sheer volume of appeals to the board shows that the public sees them as a voice for users on this issue.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>If users aren’t Meta’s customers, who are?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, users aren’t Meta’s customers — advertisers are. During \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://investor.fb.com/investor-events/default.aspx\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Meta Platforms’ second-quarter 2022 earnings conference call\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, CEO Mark Zuckerberg said he was pleased with how the company’s content-moderation efforts are coming along. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Every quarter, we release a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2022/08/community-standards-enforcement-report-q2-2022/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">community standards enforcement report\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> where, basically, the main metric is identifying what percent of the harmful content do our systems identify and take action on before someone has to report it to us?” said Zuckerberg. “And those metrics are generally moving in the right direction.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Subbu Vincent, director of the Journalism and Media Ethics program at the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University, suggests a different set of metrics. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It would be good for the Oversight Board to ask them to disclose every quarter how many users complained, what were the types of complaints, how many did they process humanly, how many did they process by machine, how many resulted in a reversal of the initial decision because it was a mistake by the company,” Vincent said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Do Federal Lawmakers Have the Stomach to Rein in Big Tech?",
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"content": "\u003cp>More than a dozen antitrust bills targeting Big Tech are currently in play in the nation’s capital, and Silicon Valley has mounted a full-court press to kill or soften the legislative onslaught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bills could make it more difficult for large tech companies to, among other things, acquire smaller companies, use their platforms to unduly boost their own products, and wield their huge cash stockpiles to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/13/666274605/how-big-is-amazon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dominate multiple, additional industries\u003c/a>.[aside postID=\"news_11889347\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/RS51554_GettyImages-1235407516-qut.jpg\"]The main companies in the sights of federal lawmakers include Amazon, Apple, Google and Meta, the latter three of which are headquartered in the Bay Area. All four have become multibillion-dollar giants of advertising through buying and selling consumer data, while also variously dominating other industries like retail, apps and entertainment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal lawmakers on both sides of the aisle have historically taken a relatively light touch toward regulating the technology industry. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2021/12/27/monopoly-antitrust-new-rules-tech-525161\">hands-off approach has recently shifted\u003c/a> among a growing number of Democrats, and even some Republicans, as the power and size of these companies has grown exponentially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have companies like Google that have 90% control over search engines,” Sen. Amy Klobuchar, D-Minnesota, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/amyklobuchar/videos/1985625218247197/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told CNN\u003c/a> last year. “What I’m proposing is, make sure [federal agencies like the Federal Trade Commission] are able to take on trillion-dollar companies like Facebook and Google. They can’t do it with Band-Aids and duct tape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added, “We must have laws that are as sophisticated as the companies we’re dealing with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that vein, the slate of proposed legislation tackles a wide array of gray areas in the law to provide federal regulators with the resources — monetary and conceptual — to go after large companies. Here’s a small sampling of the bills:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3816\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HR 3816\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/2992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">S 2992\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>The American Choice and Innovation Online Act\u003c/strong> would bar platforms like Apple’s App Store or Amazon’s Marketplace from “self-preferencing,” or giving their own products an unfair advantage over those of their competitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3843?q=%7B%22search%22:%5B%223843%22,%223843%22%5D%7D&s=3&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HR 3843\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/228?q=%7B%22search%22:%5B%22Merger+Filing+Fee+Modernization+Act%22,%22Merger%22,%22Filing%22,%22Fee%22,%22Modernization%22,%22Act%22%5D%7D&s=6&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">S 228\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>The Merger Filing Fee Modernization Act of 2021\u003c/strong> would increase the merger fees regulators collect from companies and use the additional amounts to fund aggressive enforcement of antitrust laws by the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/3608?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22Social+Media+NUDGE+Act%22%2C%22Social%22%2C%22Media%22%2C%22NUDGE%22%2C%22Act%22%5D%7D&s=1&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">S 3608\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>The Social Media NUDGE Act\u003c/strong> would direct the National Science Foundation and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine to study “content neutral” ways to address the algorithmic amplification of harmful content.[aside postID=\"forum_2010101882161\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2016/11/facebook-screen.jpg\"]But despite high-drama hearings from whistleblowers like former Facebook lead product manager \u003ca href=\"https://www.franceshaugen.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frances Haugen\u003c/a>, most of these bills have yet to make it out of their respective committees. It’s entirely unclear how many will ever get a floor vote in the House or Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klobuchar, among the handful of lawmakers leading the antitrust charge, has acknowledged that the odds are daunting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are up against a lot. … The tech companies have 2,500 lobbyists and probably 10,000 lawyers,” she said at a hearing of the Senate Judiciary \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?516757-1/senate-hearing-impact-corporate-monopolies-innovation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Subcommittee on Competition Policy, Antitrust, and Consumer Rights\u003c/a> last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And most analysts agree that if Republicans regain the majority in Congress after this year’s midterm elections, it’s game over for the biggest antitrust effort in generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Strong pushback\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tech industry proponents have presented a varied, and in some cases compelling, set of arguments against these legislative efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berin Szóka, president of TechFreedom, a \u003ca href=\"https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/trade_association_and_third_party_groups.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tech-funded\u003c/a> think tank in Washington, D.C., argues that the bills are rushed and poorly written. He decries the lack of traditional legislative hearings and markups before floor debate, even while acknowledging this practice has fallen out of vogue in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are legislating the way that that cartoon shows the railroad bridge being built out over the canyon as the train is going — except we don’t know what the train looks like or where it’s going,” he said.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jennifer King, privacy and data policy fellow, Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence\"]‘We now have a legislative structure that’s just as dependent on those data practices that the commercial structure is dependent on: behavioral targeting and marketing practices that are really at issue in all these cases.’[/pullquote]Efforts by Democrats, like Klobuchar, to win support from key Republicans, he says, have resulted in bills full of ticking time bombs that could explode on Democrats and their allies the next time Republicans regain control of the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Szóka argues, the same bill that would prevent tech titans from discriminating against competitors might also prevent them from removing companies from their app stores that have violated content rules, like Parler, a social media platform that has become a safe harbor for right-wing conspiracy theorists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be easy for these sites that cater to extremists to sue, to harass mainstream services, to rifle through emails, to depose executives,” said Szóka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar concerns have been expressed by many in California’s congressional delegation, suggesting that Democrats could balk at supporting some of the bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Alex Padilla are among a large group of California Democrats who have criticized elements of the bills, mirroring some of the arguments made by tech-funded think tanks. Reps. Lou Correa, D-East LA; Ted Lieu, D-Torrance; Eric Swalwell, D-Castro Valley; Ro Khanna, D-Fremont; and Zoe Lofgren, D-San Jose also have raised concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they spent more time on the hearing than they did in writing the proposed legislation. Because it’s not well crafted and it was done in a hurry,” Lofgren recently lamented about the American Choice and Innovation Online Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview last month with Julia Angwin of The Markup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?517286-1/after-words-representative-ro-khanna\">Rep. Khanna said breakups are certainly justified\u003c/a> in some instances. “On Facebook, for example, where they’ve acquired Instagram and WhatsApp, you should have an unraveling of that company. I think you want to have a ban on mergers that are acquiring competitors.”[aside postID=\"news_11888891\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/GettyImages-461843598-scaled.jpg\"]But he cautioned about being “overly restrictive on all mergers,” noting that mergers and acquisitions are a basic element of the U.S. economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington Post recently reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/01/21/tech-lobbying-in-washington/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">just seven large tech companies spent nearly $70 million\u003c/a> lobbying the U.S. government in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are genuinely concerned that they could break a wide range of popular services we offer to our users, all the work we do to make our products safe, private and secure, and in some cases can hurt American competitiveness by disadvantaging solely U.S. companies,” Google CEO Sundar Pichai said of the current bills during a recent earnings call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Lofgren and others who have voiced concerns with the current bills \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/02/03/tech-giants-are-doling-out-political-donations-antitrust-skeptics-congress/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">continue to take money\u003c/a> from the likes of Amazon, Google, Meta and Microsoft, but say that doesn’t influence their position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren told KQED, “That’s obviously baloney, and if that were the case, Anna [Eshoo] and I wouldn’t have introduced our privacy bill, which would require a huge change in the business model of any company that relies on the data of its users.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/6027/text?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22Online+Privacy+Act%22%2C%22Online%22%2C%22Privacy%22%2C%22Act%22%5D%7D&r=1&s=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Online Privacy Act\u003c/a> Lofgren reintroduced with fellow Silicon Valley Rep. Anna Eshoo is considered a serious threat to the personal data trading model that’s become the bread and butter for mega conglomerates. The legislation would require companies to protect users’ data, as well as establish a new federal agency to enforce privacy protections, and strengthen enforcement of privacy law violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer King, who follows data and privacy for the \u003ca href=\"http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/about/people/jen-king\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence\u003c/a>, is not holding her breath for this Congress to act on any kind of revolutionary reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One big reason why: Both political parties, she notes, have grown quite fond of using targeted advertising themselves. “We now have a legislative structure that’s just as dependent on those data practices that the commercial structure is dependent on: behavioral targeting and marketing practices that are really at issue in all these cases,” King said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one thing most lawmakers do seem to agree on is the need for some kind of new legislation, if only to bolster funding for federal regulators like those at the Federal Trade Commission. But what exactly that should look like is where the consensus falls apart.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More than a dozen antitrust bills targeting Big Tech are currently in play in the nation’s capital, and Silicon Valley has mounted a full-court press to kill or soften the legislative onslaught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bills could make it more difficult for large tech companies to, among other things, acquire smaller companies, use their platforms to unduly boost their own products, and wield their huge cash stockpiles to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/13/666274605/how-big-is-amazon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dominate multiple, additional industries\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The main companies in the sights of federal lawmakers include Amazon, Apple, Google and Meta, the latter three of which are headquartered in the Bay Area. All four have become multibillion-dollar giants of advertising through buying and selling consumer data, while also variously dominating other industries like retail, apps and entertainment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal lawmakers on both sides of the aisle have historically taken a relatively light touch toward regulating the technology industry. But that \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2021/12/27/monopoly-antitrust-new-rules-tech-525161\">hands-off approach has recently shifted\u003c/a> among a growing number of Democrats, and even some Republicans, as the power and size of these companies has grown exponentially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have companies like Google that have 90% control over search engines,” Sen. Amy Klobuchar, D-Minnesota, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/amyklobuchar/videos/1985625218247197/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told CNN\u003c/a> last year. “What I’m proposing is, make sure [federal agencies like the Federal Trade Commission] are able to take on trillion-dollar companies like Facebook and Google. They can’t do it with Band-Aids and duct tape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added, “We must have laws that are as sophisticated as the companies we’re dealing with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that vein, the slate of proposed legislation tackles a wide array of gray areas in the law to provide federal regulators with the resources — monetary and conceptual — to go after large companies. Here’s a small sampling of the bills:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3816\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HR 3816\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/2992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">S 2992\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>The American Choice and Innovation Online Act\u003c/strong> would bar platforms like Apple’s App Store or Amazon’s Marketplace from “self-preferencing,” or giving their own products an unfair advantage over those of their competitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/3843?q=%7B%22search%22:%5B%223843%22,%223843%22%5D%7D&s=3&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">HR 3843\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/228?q=%7B%22search%22:%5B%22Merger+Filing+Fee+Modernization+Act%22,%22Merger%22,%22Filing%22,%22Fee%22,%22Modernization%22,%22Act%22%5D%7D&s=6&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">S 228\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>The Merger Filing Fee Modernization Act of 2021\u003c/strong> would increase the merger fees regulators collect from companies and use the additional amounts to fund aggressive enforcement of antitrust laws by the U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/senate-bill/3608?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22Social+Media+NUDGE+Act%22%2C%22Social%22%2C%22Media%22%2C%22NUDGE%22%2C%22Act%22%5D%7D&s=1&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">S 3608\u003c/a>: \u003cstrong>The Social Media NUDGE Act\u003c/strong> would direct the National Science Foundation and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine to study “content neutral” ways to address the algorithmic amplification of harmful content.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But despite high-drama hearings from whistleblowers like former Facebook lead product manager \u003ca href=\"https://www.franceshaugen.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frances Haugen\u003c/a>, most of these bills have yet to make it out of their respective committees. It’s entirely unclear how many will ever get a floor vote in the House or Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Klobuchar, among the handful of lawmakers leading the antitrust charge, has acknowledged that the odds are daunting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are up against a lot. … The tech companies have 2,500 lobbyists and probably 10,000 lawyers,” she said at a hearing of the Senate Judiciary \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?516757-1/senate-hearing-impact-corporate-monopolies-innovation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Subcommittee on Competition Policy, Antitrust, and Consumer Rights\u003c/a> last December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And most analysts agree that if Republicans regain the majority in Congress after this year’s midterm elections, it’s game over for the biggest antitrust effort in generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Strong pushback\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tech industry proponents have presented a varied, and in some cases compelling, set of arguments against these legislative efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berin Szóka, president of TechFreedom, a \u003ca href=\"https://services.google.com/fh/files/misc/trade_association_and_third_party_groups.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tech-funded\u003c/a> think tank in Washington, D.C., argues that the bills are rushed and poorly written. He decries the lack of traditional legislative hearings and markups before floor debate, even while acknowledging this practice has fallen out of vogue in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are legislating the way that that cartoon shows the railroad bridge being built out over the canyon as the train is going — except we don’t know what the train looks like or where it’s going,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Efforts by Democrats, like Klobuchar, to win support from key Republicans, he says, have resulted in bills full of ticking time bombs that could explode on Democrats and their allies the next time Republicans regain control of the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Szóka argues, the same bill that would prevent tech titans from discriminating against competitors might also prevent them from removing companies from their app stores that have violated content rules, like Parler, a social media platform that has become a safe harbor for right-wing conspiracy theorists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be easy for these sites that cater to extremists to sue, to harass mainstream services, to rifle through emails, to depose executives,” said Szóka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar concerns have been expressed by many in California’s congressional delegation, suggesting that Democrats could balk at supporting some of the bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Alex Padilla are among a large group of California Democrats who have criticized elements of the bills, mirroring some of the arguments made by tech-funded think tanks. Reps. Lou Correa, D-East LA; Ted Lieu, D-Torrance; Eric Swalwell, D-Castro Valley; Ro Khanna, D-Fremont; and Zoe Lofgren, D-San Jose also have raised concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they spent more time on the hearing than they did in writing the proposed legislation. Because it’s not well crafted and it was done in a hurry,” Lofgren recently lamented about the American Choice and Innovation Online Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview last month with Julia Angwin of The Markup, \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?517286-1/after-words-representative-ro-khanna\">Rep. Khanna said breakups are certainly justified\u003c/a> in some instances. “On Facebook, for example, where they’ve acquired Instagram and WhatsApp, you should have an unraveling of that company. I think you want to have a ban on mergers that are acquiring competitors.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But he cautioned about being “overly restrictive on all mergers,” noting that mergers and acquisitions are a basic element of the U.S. economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington Post recently reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/01/21/tech-lobbying-in-washington/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">just seven large tech companies spent nearly $70 million\u003c/a> lobbying the U.S. government in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are genuinely concerned that they could break a wide range of popular services we offer to our users, all the work we do to make our products safe, private and secure, and in some cases can hurt American competitiveness by disadvantaging solely U.S. companies,” Google CEO Sundar Pichai said of the current bills during a recent earnings call.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Lofgren and others who have voiced concerns with the current bills \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/02/03/tech-giants-are-doling-out-political-donations-antitrust-skeptics-congress/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">continue to take money\u003c/a> from the likes of Amazon, Google, Meta and Microsoft, but say that doesn’t influence their position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren told KQED, “That’s obviously baloney, and if that were the case, Anna [Eshoo] and I wouldn’t have introduced our privacy bill, which would require a huge change in the business model of any company that relies on the data of its users.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/6027/text?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22Online+Privacy+Act%22%2C%22Online%22%2C%22Privacy%22%2C%22Act%22%5D%7D&r=1&s=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Online Privacy Act\u003c/a> Lofgren reintroduced with fellow Silicon Valley Rep. Anna Eshoo is considered a serious threat to the personal data trading model that’s become the bread and butter for mega conglomerates. The legislation would require companies to protect users’ data, as well as establish a new federal agency to enforce privacy protections, and strengthen enforcement of privacy law violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer King, who follows data and privacy for the \u003ca href=\"http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/about/people/jen-king\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence\u003c/a>, is not holding her breath for this Congress to act on any kind of revolutionary reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One big reason why: Both political parties, she notes, have grown quite fond of using targeted advertising themselves. “We now have a legislative structure that’s just as dependent on those data practices that the commercial structure is dependent on: behavioral targeting and marketing practices that are really at issue in all these cases,” King said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Sister of Slain Oakland Security Officer Sues Facebook Over Killing Tied to Right-Wing Extremists",
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"content": "\u003cp>The sister of a federal security officer who was fatally shot while guarding a courthouse during George Floyd-related protests \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21174499-underwood-v-meta-complaint\">has sued Facebook\u003c/a>, accusing the tech giant of playing a role in radicalizing the alleged shooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave Patrick Underwood, 53, was shot and killed on May 29, 2020, in Oakland. Authorities have charged suspected gunman Steven Carrillo with murder. Investigators say \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824604/man-charged-in-killings-of-oakland-federal-officer-santa-cruz-deputy-linked-to-right-wing-extremist-group\">Carrillo had ties to the far-right, anti-government boogaloo movement\u003c/a> and that he organized with other boogaloo supporters on Facebook, including his alleged getaway driver, Robert A. Justus Jr., of Millbrae. Carrillo also faces murder charges in the June 5, 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11823427/hundreds-mourn-santa-clara-county-sheriffs-deputy-killed-over-the-weekend\">ambush killing\u003c/a> of a Santa Cruz County sheriff’s deputy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a suit filed Thursday in California state court against Meta, Facebook’s parent company, Angela Underwood Jacobs accused Facebook officials of being aware that the social network was being used as a recruitment tool for boogaloo adherents, yet did not take steps to stop recommending boogaloo-related pages until after Underwood’s death. The suit called the deadly shooting “the culmination of an extremist plot hatched and planned on Facebook by two men who Meta connected through Facebook’s groups infrastructure and its use of algorithms designed and intended to increase user engagement and, correspondingly, Meta’s profits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boogaloo movement is a collection of far-right extremists who claim to want to overthrow the U.S. government through a second civil war. Sometimes clad in Hawaiian-print T-shirts, the group is known to be heavily armed and is highly active online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11824604 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Carrillo-van-oakland-1020x631.jpg']Lawyers for Underwood Jacobs claim Facebook was negligent in designing a product “to promote and engage its users in extremist content” despite knowing that it could lead to potential violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook Inc. knew or could have reasonably foreseen that one or more individuals would be likely to become radicalized upon joining boogaloo-related groups on Facebook,” the suit states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal investigators have said Carrillo, a staff sergeant at Fairfield’s Travis Air Force Base at the time of the shooting, used Facebook to communicate with other boogaloo supporters. On the same day Underwood was killed, Carrillo allegedly posted to a Facebook group that he planned to go to the George Floyd protests in Oakland to “show them the real targets. Use their anger to fuel our fire,” he allegedly wrote. “We have mobs of angry people to use to our advantage,” he wrote, according to federal prosecutors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities say Carrillo wrote that the protest was “a group opportunity to target the specialty soup bois,” a phrase boogaloo adherents use to refer to law enforcement officials because of the “alphabet soup” of federal law enforcement acronyms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwood Jacobs’s suit contends that if Facebook had altered its algorithm so it was not recommending and promoting boogaloo groups, Carrillo may never have connected online with others in the extremist movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook bears responsibility for the murder of my brother,” Underwood Jacobs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook did not have an immediate response to the suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11901003 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs.jpg\" alt='A Black woman with long, straight hair sits beneath a bright light at a large wooden desk with two plastic water bottles and a pump bottle of hand sanitizer, a white placard in front of her saying in all-capital letters, \"MS. ANGELA UNDERWOOD JACOBS.\" She looks to her direct left, as if someone out of the frame is speaking. Behind her sits a bald White man wearing a gray suit, a yellow tie, and a black facemask.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Angela Underwood Jacobs, whose brother David Underwood was shot and killed in 2020 by a suspect investigators say had right-wing extremist ties while working as a federal security officer in Oakland, attends a June 10, 2020, hearing on Capitol Hill about policing practices and law enforcement accountability prompted by the police murder of George Floyd. \u003ccite>(Brendan Smialowski/Pool/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is the latest attempt to hold a Big Tech company accountable for real-world harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social media companies largely escape legal responsibility in such cases thanks to a law known as Section 230, which prevents online platforms from being held liable for what users post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been rare exceptions in attempts to advance lawsuits against tech companies, like when an appeals court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/04/993579600/snapchat-can-be-sued-for-role-in-fatal-car-crash-court-rules\">found that Snapchat could be sued\u003c/a> for a feature that allegedly encouraged reckless driving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Goldman, a professor at Santa Clara University School of Law who studies Section 230, said Facebook likely will invoke the legal shield in this case, but he said the suit faces other hurdles, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There have been a number of lawsuits trying to establish that Facebook is liable for how violent groups and terrorists used their services,” Goldman said. “And courts have consistently rejected those claims because services like Facebook aren’t responsible for harms caused by people using the service.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit leans heavily on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-facebook-files-11631713039\">Facebook Files\u003c/a>, a cache of internal company documents exposed in a series of stories by The Wall Street Journal. Among the allegations is that Facebook’s algorithm promotes extremism through inflammatory and divisive content in order to keep users engaged and advertising dollars rolling in. Facebook researchers have estimated that the social network only catches between 3% and 5% of hate speech on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, lawyers for Underwood Jacobs said the Facebook Files revealed “Facebook’s active role in shaping the content on its website as well as creating and building groups on the platform – activities that fall outside of the conduct protected by Section 230.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has reportedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/12/22722885/facebook-militarized-social-movements-banned-internal-list-leak\">banned nearly 1,000 private groups\u003c/a> focused on “militarized social movements” like boogaloo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has previously acknowledged its role in militia-fueled violence. In August 2020, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg said it made an “operational mistake” in failing to remove a page for a militia group that called for armed citizens to enter Kenosha, Wisconsin. Two protesters were shot and killed there during demonstrations over the police shooting of Jacob Blake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same month, \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2020/08/addressing-movements-and-organizations-tied-to-violence/\">Facebook said it took down 2,400 pages\u003c/a> and more than 14,000 groups on the site started by militia groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/\">npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sister+of+slain+security+officer+sues+Facebook+over+killing+tied+to+Boogaloo+movement&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The sister of a federal security officer who was fatally shot while guarding a courthouse during George Floyd-related protests \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/21174499-underwood-v-meta-complaint\">has sued Facebook\u003c/a>, accusing the tech giant of playing a role in radicalizing the alleged shooter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dave Patrick Underwood, 53, was shot and killed on May 29, 2020, in Oakland. Authorities have charged suspected gunman Steven Carrillo with murder. Investigators say \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11824604/man-charged-in-killings-of-oakland-federal-officer-santa-cruz-deputy-linked-to-right-wing-extremist-group\">Carrillo had ties to the far-right, anti-government boogaloo movement\u003c/a> and that he organized with other boogaloo supporters on Facebook, including his alleged getaway driver, Robert A. Justus Jr., of Millbrae. Carrillo also faces murder charges in the June 5, 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11823427/hundreds-mourn-santa-clara-county-sheriffs-deputy-killed-over-the-weekend\">ambush killing\u003c/a> of a Santa Cruz County sheriff’s deputy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a suit filed Thursday in California state court against Meta, Facebook’s parent company, Angela Underwood Jacobs accused Facebook officials of being aware that the social network was being used as a recruitment tool for boogaloo adherents, yet did not take steps to stop recommending boogaloo-related pages until after Underwood’s death. The suit called the deadly shooting “the culmination of an extremist plot hatched and planned on Facebook by two men who Meta connected through Facebook’s groups infrastructure and its use of algorithms designed and intended to increase user engagement and, correspondingly, Meta’s profits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boogaloo movement is a collection of far-right extremists who claim to want to overthrow the U.S. government through a second civil war. Sometimes clad in Hawaiian-print T-shirts, the group is known to be heavily armed and is highly active online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Lawyers for Underwood Jacobs claim Facebook was negligent in designing a product “to promote and engage its users in extremist content” despite knowing that it could lead to potential violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook Inc. knew or could have reasonably foreseen that one or more individuals would be likely to become radicalized upon joining boogaloo-related groups on Facebook,” the suit states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal investigators have said Carrillo, a staff sergeant at Fairfield’s Travis Air Force Base at the time of the shooting, used Facebook to communicate with other boogaloo supporters. On the same day Underwood was killed, Carrillo allegedly posted to a Facebook group that he planned to go to the George Floyd protests in Oakland to “show them the real targets. Use their anger to fuel our fire,” he allegedly wrote. “We have mobs of angry people to use to our advantage,” he wrote, according to federal prosecutors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities say Carrillo wrote that the protest was “a group opportunity to target the specialty soup bois,” a phrase boogaloo adherents use to refer to law enforcement officials because of the “alphabet soup” of federal law enforcement acronyms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwood Jacobs’s suit contends that if Facebook had altered its algorithm so it was not recommending and promoting boogaloo groups, Carrillo may never have connected online with others in the extremist movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook bears responsibility for the murder of my brother,” Underwood Jacobs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook did not have an immediate response to the suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11901003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11901003 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs.jpg\" alt='A Black woman with long, straight hair sits beneath a bright light at a large wooden desk with two plastic water bottles and a pump bottle of hand sanitizer, a white placard in front of her saying in all-capital letters, \"MS. ANGELA UNDERWOOD JACOBS.\" She looks to her direct left, as if someone out of the frame is speaking. Behind her sits a bald White man wearing a gray suit, a yellow tie, and a black facemask.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/01/AngelaUnderwoodJacobs-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Angela Underwood Jacobs, whose brother David Underwood was shot and killed in 2020 by a suspect investigators say had right-wing extremist ties while working as a federal security officer in Oakland, attends a June 10, 2020, hearing on Capitol Hill about policing practices and law enforcement accountability prompted by the police murder of George Floyd. \u003ccite>(Brendan Smialowski/Pool/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit is the latest attempt to hold a Big Tech company accountable for real-world harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social media companies largely escape legal responsibility in such cases thanks to a law known as Section 230, which prevents online platforms from being held liable for what users post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been rare exceptions in attempts to advance lawsuits against tech companies, like when an appeals court \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/05/04/993579600/snapchat-can-be-sued-for-role-in-fatal-car-crash-court-rules\">found that Snapchat could be sued\u003c/a> for a feature that allegedly encouraged reckless driving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Goldman, a professor at Santa Clara University School of Law who studies Section 230, said Facebook likely will invoke the legal shield in this case, but he said the suit faces other hurdles, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There have been a number of lawsuits trying to establish that Facebook is liable for how violent groups and terrorists used their services,” Goldman said. “And courts have consistently rejected those claims because services like Facebook aren’t responsible for harms caused by people using the service.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit leans heavily on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-facebook-files-11631713039\">Facebook Files\u003c/a>, a cache of internal company documents exposed in a series of stories by The Wall Street Journal. Among the allegations is that Facebook’s algorithm promotes extremism through inflammatory and divisive content in order to keep users engaged and advertising dollars rolling in. Facebook researchers have estimated that the social network only catches between 3% and 5% of hate speech on the platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, lawyers for Underwood Jacobs said the Facebook Files revealed “Facebook’s active role in shaping the content on its website as well as creating and building groups on the platform – activities that fall outside of the conduct protected by Section 230.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has reportedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/12/22722885/facebook-militarized-social-movements-banned-internal-list-leak\">banned nearly 1,000 private groups\u003c/a> focused on “militarized social movements” like boogaloo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook has previously acknowledged its role in militia-fueled violence. In August 2020, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg said it made an “operational mistake” in failing to remove a page for a militia group that called for armed citizens to enter Kenosha, Wisconsin. Two protesters were shot and killed there during demonstrations over the police shooting of Jacob Blake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same month, \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2020/08/addressing-movements-and-organizations-tied-to-violence/\">Facebook said it took down 2,400 pages\u003c/a> and more than 14,000 groups on the site started by militia groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/\">npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sister+of+slain+security+officer+sues+Facebook+over+killing+tied+to+Boogaloo+movement&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "States are Investigating how Instagram Impacts Children's Mental and Physical Health",
"title": "States are Investigating how Instagram Impacts Children's Mental and Physical Health",
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"content": "\u003cp>A bipartisan group of state attorneys general is investigating how Instagram attracts and potentially harms children and young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The probe follows revelations from a whistleblower about how Instagram's parent company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/28/1049813246/facebook-new-name-meta-mark-zuckerberg\">Meta\u003c/a>, formerly known as Facebook, has studied the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/30/1041864356/instagram-kids-safety-congress-hearing\">risks\u003c/a> of the photo-sharing app to its youngest users, including exacerbating body image issues for some teenage girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook, now Meta, has failed to protect young people on its platforms and instead chose to ignore or, in some cases, double down on known manipulations that pose a real threat to physical and mental health – exploiting children in the interest of profit,\" Massachusetts Attorney General Maura Healey, who is co-leading the states' investigation, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Meta can no longer ignore the threat that social media can pose to children for the benefit of their bottom line,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group includes prosecutors from at least 10 states, including California, Florida, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Tennessee, Texas and Vermont. They are examining whether Meta violated consumer protection laws and put the public at risk.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nebraska Attorney General Doug Peterson\"]'When social media platforms treat our children as mere commodities to manipulate for longer screen time engagement and data extraction, it becomes imperative for state attorneys general to engage our investigative authority under our consumer protection laws.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For too long, Meta has ignored the havoc that Instagram is wreaking on the mental health and well-being of our children and teens,” said California Attorney General Rob Bonta. “Enough is enough. We’ve undertaken this nationwide investigation to get answers about Meta’s efforts to promote the use of this social media platform to young Californians – and to determine if, in doing so, Meta violated the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pressure on Meta has been mounting since former employee \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/05/1043207218/whistleblower-to-congress-facebook-products-harm-children-and-weaken-democracy\">Frances Haugen\u003c/a> leaked thousands of pages of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/25/1049015366/the-facebook-papers-what-you-need-to-know\">internal documents\u003c/a> about how the company has studied and dealt with a range of problems, from hate speech to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/25/1048918715/how-stop-the-steal-movement-outwitted-facebook-ahead-of-the-jan-6-riot\">\"Stop the Steal\" movement\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/06/1043138622/facebook-instagram-teens-mental-health\">mental health impacts\u003c/a> of Instagram on teen users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents also show that Meta is fighting to attract and retain the attention of young people, amid competition from apps like \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/26/1049267501/snapchat-tiktok-youtube-congress-child-safety-hearing\">TikTok\u003c/a> and Snapchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The states are investigating the techniques Meta uses to get young people to log into Instagram more frequently and spend more time scrolling the app, and how those features might harm users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When social media platforms treat our children as mere commodities to manipulate for longer screen time engagement and data extraction, it becomes imperative for state attorneys general to engage our investigative authority under our consumer protection laws,\" said Nebraska Attorney General Doug Peterson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These accusations are false and demonstrate a deep misunderstanding of the facts,\" Instagram spokesperson Liza Crenshaw said in a statement. \"While challenges in protecting young people online impact the entire industry, we've led the industry in combating bullying and supporting people struggling with suicidal thoughts, self-injury, and eating disorders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pointed to new features Instagram has introduced, including a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/10/22774827/instagram-take-a-break-feature-test-meta-facebook\">\"Take a Break\"\u003c/a> prompt that users can enable, and parental supervision tools for teenagers' accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Instagram's internal research on the risks to teenagers' mental health was first reported by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739?mod=article_inline\">\u003cem>Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>\u003c/a> in September, lawmakers and regulators renewed calls for Meta to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/15/1037222495/lawmakers-push-facebook-to-abandon-instagram-for-kids-citing-mental-health-conce\">scrap\u003c/a> its plans to launch a version of the app\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/02/1002109833/parents-to-facebook-dont-make-a-kid-only-instagram-just-a-better-instagram\"> for kids\u003c/a> 12 and under. (Instagram, like most social media apps, prohibits users younger than 13 because of federal privacy law.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly afterward, Meta said it was putting the project \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/27/1040857033/instagram-kids-pausing-plan-develop-platform-criticism\">on hold\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Editor's note:\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Meta pays NPR to license NPR content.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional reporting was done by Barbara Ortutay from the Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=States+are+investigating+how+Instagram+recruits+and+affects+children&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A bipartisan group of state attorneys general is investigating how Instagram attracts and potentially harms children and young adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The probe follows revelations from a whistleblower about how Instagram's parent company \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/28/1049813246/facebook-new-name-meta-mark-zuckerberg\">Meta\u003c/a>, formerly known as Facebook, has studied the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/30/1041864356/instagram-kids-safety-congress-hearing\">risks\u003c/a> of the photo-sharing app to its youngest users, including exacerbating body image issues for some teenage girls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Facebook, now Meta, has failed to protect young people on its platforms and instead chose to ignore or, in some cases, double down on known manipulations that pose a real threat to physical and mental health – exploiting children in the interest of profit,\" Massachusetts Attorney General Maura Healey, who is co-leading the states' investigation, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Meta can no longer ignore the threat that social media can pose to children for the benefit of their bottom line,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group includes prosecutors from at least 10 states, including California, Florida, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Tennessee, Texas and Vermont. They are examining whether Meta violated consumer protection laws and put the public at risk.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For too long, Meta has ignored the havoc that Instagram is wreaking on the mental health and well-being of our children and teens,” said California Attorney General Rob Bonta. “Enough is enough. We’ve undertaken this nationwide investigation to get answers about Meta’s efforts to promote the use of this social media platform to young Californians – and to determine if, in doing so, Meta violated the law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pressure on Meta has been mounting since former employee \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/05/1043207218/whistleblower-to-congress-facebook-products-harm-children-and-weaken-democracy\">Frances Haugen\u003c/a> leaked thousands of pages of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/25/1049015366/the-facebook-papers-what-you-need-to-know\">internal documents\u003c/a> about how the company has studied and dealt with a range of problems, from hate speech to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/25/1048918715/how-stop-the-steal-movement-outwitted-facebook-ahead-of-the-jan-6-riot\">\"Stop the Steal\" movement\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/06/1043138622/facebook-instagram-teens-mental-health\">mental health impacts\u003c/a> of Instagram on teen users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The documents also show that Meta is fighting to attract and retain the attention of young people, amid competition from apps like \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/10/26/1049267501/snapchat-tiktok-youtube-congress-child-safety-hearing\">TikTok\u003c/a> and Snapchat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The states are investigating the techniques Meta uses to get young people to log into Instagram more frequently and spend more time scrolling the app, and how those features might harm users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When social media platforms treat our children as mere commodities to manipulate for longer screen time engagement and data extraction, it becomes imperative for state attorneys general to engage our investigative authority under our consumer protection laws,\" said Nebraska Attorney General Doug Peterson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These accusations are false and demonstrate a deep misunderstanding of the facts,\" Instagram spokesperson Liza Crenshaw said in a statement. \"While challenges in protecting young people online impact the entire industry, we've led the industry in combating bullying and supporting people struggling with suicidal thoughts, self-injury, and eating disorders.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pointed to new features Instagram has introduced, including a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2021/11/10/22774827/instagram-take-a-break-feature-test-meta-facebook\">\"Take a Break\"\u003c/a> prompt that users can enable, and parental supervision tools for teenagers' accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Instagram's internal research on the risks to teenagers' mental health was first reported by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-knows-instagram-is-toxic-for-teen-girls-company-documents-show-11631620739?mod=article_inline\">\u003cem>Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>\u003c/a> in September, lawmakers and regulators renewed calls for Meta to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/15/1037222495/lawmakers-push-facebook-to-abandon-instagram-for-kids-citing-mental-health-conce\">scrap\u003c/a> its plans to launch a version of the app\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/06/02/1002109833/parents-to-facebook-dont-make-a-kid-only-instagram-just-a-better-instagram\"> for kids\u003c/a> 12 and under. (Instagram, like most social media apps, prohibits users younger than 13 because of federal privacy law.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly afterward, Meta said it was putting the project \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/27/1040857033/instagram-kids-pausing-plan-develop-platform-criticism\">on hold\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Editor's note:\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Meta pays NPR to license NPR content.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional reporting was done by Barbara Ortutay from the Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=States+are+investigating+how+Instagram+recruits+and+affects+children&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A coalition of more than 30 tech accountability groups and national political organizations, upset with what they say has been Facebook’s ham-handed approach to content moderation, has organized a four-day \u003ca href=\"https://thefacebooklogout.com/demands/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">boycott of the social media behemoth\u003c/a> (now known as Meta), beginning Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook spends more energy trying to mend their broken public image than fixing what’s happening on their platform and at the company,” the Kairos Fellowship, a nonprofit focused on advancing racial and economic justice through tech accountability, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group, which organized the boycott in partnership with a wide swath of mostly progressive organizations — including NARAL Pro-Choice America and MoveOn — is urging users to stay away from Facebook and Instagram through Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 51,000 people have pledged to log out, “amplifying our demands for Facebook to curb disinformation, increase transparency on content moderation decisions and halt surveillance advertising,” Kairos’s executive director, Mariana Ruiz Firmat, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, following George Floyd’s murder by a Minneapolis police offer, a number of big tech and communications companies, including Microsoft, Verizon and HP, stopped advertising on Facebook and Instagram, in some cases for a month, in an effort to show solidarity with protesters who said Facebook wasn’t doing enough to counter hate speech on its platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s been no significant repeat pullout, even as Facebook has recently come under fire for a spate of potentially major transgressions — from allegations of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/months-after-tiktok-apologized-black-creators-many-say-little-has-n1256726\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shadow-banning\u003c/a>” of BIPOC activists, to evidence the company knowingly promoted platforms that harm children and incite political violence, to reports detailing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-files-xcheck-zuckerberg-elite-rules-11631541353\">more lenient approach it has taken to misinformation and disinformation disseminated by its “VIP” users\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11895723\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1620px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11895723 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1.jpg\" alt=\"A coalition of more than 30 national organizations like The Women’s March, MoveOn, NARAL Pro-Choice America, United We Dream and more have endorsed the campaign to log off Facebook and Instagram temporarily in a bid to pressure Meta to reform its economic model built on attracting advertisers by algorithmically encouraging users to spend more time on the sites viewing politically and culturally divisive content.\" width=\"1620\" height=\"911\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1.jpg 1620w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1620px) 100vw, 1620px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A coalition of more than 30 national organizations, including The Women’s March, MoveOn, NARAL Pro-Choice America and United We Dream, has endorsed the campaign to log off Facebook and Instagram temporarily in a bid to pressure its parent company, Meta, to reform its economic model, which is built on attracting advertisers by algorithmically encouraging users to spend more time viewing politically and culturally divisive content on its sites. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kairos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A number of users taking part in the boycott, however, say they are doing so out of frustration, after their groups on the platform were removed, with no explanation or recourse from the company. The company, they insist, needs to start treating its nonpaying users like valued customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Algorithms paired with virtually no human customer service have made life difficult for people like Nick Wright of San José. An engineer by day, at night he runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/HistoryAlliance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">History Alliance\u003c/a>, a collection of roughly 30 Facebook history groups that collectively have more than 1 million members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright says he understands why Facebook uses artificial intelligence to screen for an onslaught of offensive content like racist slurs or calls to violence, material CEO Mark Zuckerberg has repeatedly pledged to control over the years. But Wright says the software often functions like a “sledgehammer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They start deleting your member comments. They start deleting threads. We’ve even had our groups deleted by Facebook without comment, without notice,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright says Facebook deleted his alliance’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/WWIIHistory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WWII & Military History\u003c/a> group. In retrospect, he says, he presumes there were too many instances when a post or comment included a slur that was common in the 1930s and 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11813372,news_11827831,news_11866331\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]But there was no communication or warning from the company before the group was deleted, he said. Other groups he’s been involved in have also been suspended because, he thinks, its members have posted or shared too frequently, leading Facebook bots to identify them as spammers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They wouldn’t tell us why, and there was no escalation path to recovery. We had 50,000 members and we had no way to engage,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright ended up posting a notice to another group in his alliance focused on San Francisco history. He hoped one of the group’s 130,000 members might be a Facebook employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, he said, a Facebook engineer in the group, based in Greece, responded and advocated for his WWII group to be restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s U.S. history, right?” Wright said. “It’s not, you know, some right-edge, you know, cis-theory group. It’s simply things that happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later learned Facebook’s AI triggered on a swastika on a German uniform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without finding an advocate on the inside, Wright said, there’s no recourse for exasperated group administrators who feel they’ve been unfairly targeted — unless, however, that person or organization is an advertiser, and has a direct line to customer service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, Meta published \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/data/community-standards-enforcement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">yet another report\u003c/a> celebrating the recent strides it’s made to counter hate speech and other violations of its community standards. The company, for instance, claims that “prevalence of hate speech content was about 0.03% in the third 2021, which was a decrease from Q2 2021.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want Facebook and Instagram to be places where people have a voice,” the company said in the report. “To create conditions where everyone feels comfortable expressing themselves, we must also protect their safety, privacy, dignity and authenticity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta did not respond to a request for comment on the boycott, and Kairos on Wednesday said it had still not received a response from the company either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our campaign demonstrates the urgency for the company to take accountability for the real world dangers it poses to our communities not just in the United States, but globally,” the group said in its statement. “Users are taking back their power by coming together, and we will keep speaking out until Facebook implements the sweeping changes we’re demanding.”\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A coalition of more than 30 tech accountability groups and national political organizations, upset with what they say has been Facebook’s ham-handed approach to content moderation, has organized a four-day \u003ca href=\"https://thefacebooklogout.com/demands/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">boycott of the social media behemoth\u003c/a> (now known as Meta), beginning Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook spends more energy trying to mend their broken public image than fixing what’s happening on their platform and at the company,” the Kairos Fellowship, a nonprofit focused on advancing racial and economic justice through tech accountability, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group, which organized the boycott in partnership with a wide swath of mostly progressive organizations — including NARAL Pro-Choice America and MoveOn — is urging users to stay away from Facebook and Instagram through Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 51,000 people have pledged to log out, “amplifying our demands for Facebook to curb disinformation, increase transparency on content moderation decisions and halt surveillance advertising,” Kairos’s executive director, Mariana Ruiz Firmat, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, following George Floyd’s murder by a Minneapolis police offer, a number of big tech and communications companies, including Microsoft, Verizon and HP, stopped advertising on Facebook and Instagram, in some cases for a month, in an effort to show solidarity with protesters who said Facebook wasn’t doing enough to counter hate speech on its platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s been no significant repeat pullout, even as Facebook has recently come under fire for a spate of potentially major transgressions — from allegations of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/pop-culture-news/months-after-tiktok-apologized-black-creators-many-say-little-has-n1256726\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">shadow-banning\u003c/a>” of BIPOC activists, to evidence the company knowingly promoted platforms that harm children and incite political violence, to reports detailing the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-files-xcheck-zuckerberg-elite-rules-11631541353\">more lenient approach it has taken to misinformation and disinformation disseminated by its “VIP” users\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11895723\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1620px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11895723 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1.jpg\" alt=\"A coalition of more than 30 national organizations like The Women’s March, MoveOn, NARAL Pro-Choice America, United We Dream and more have endorsed the campaign to log off Facebook and Instagram temporarily in a bid to pressure Meta to reform its economic model built on attracting advertisers by algorithmically encouraging users to spend more time on the sites viewing politically and culturally divisive content.\" width=\"1620\" height=\"911\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1.jpg 1620w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/1-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1620px) 100vw, 1620px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A coalition of more than 30 national organizations, including The Women’s March, MoveOn, NARAL Pro-Choice America and United We Dream, has endorsed the campaign to log off Facebook and Instagram temporarily in a bid to pressure its parent company, Meta, to reform its economic model, which is built on attracting advertisers by algorithmically encouraging users to spend more time viewing politically and culturally divisive content on its sites. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kairos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A number of users taking part in the boycott, however, say they are doing so out of frustration, after their groups on the platform were removed, with no explanation or recourse from the company. The company, they insist, needs to start treating its nonpaying users like valued customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Algorithms paired with virtually no human customer service have made life difficult for people like Nick Wright of San José. An engineer by day, at night he runs \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/HistoryAlliance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">History Alliance\u003c/a>, a collection of roughly 30 Facebook history groups that collectively have more than 1 million members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright says he understands why Facebook uses artificial intelligence to screen for an onslaught of offensive content like racist slurs or calls to violence, material CEO Mark Zuckerberg has repeatedly pledged to control over the years. But Wright says the software often functions like a “sledgehammer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They start deleting your member comments. They start deleting threads. We’ve even had our groups deleted by Facebook without comment, without notice,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright says Facebook deleted his alliance’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/WWIIHistory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WWII & Military History\u003c/a> group. In retrospect, he says, he presumes there were too many instances when a post or comment included a slur that was common in the 1930s and 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But there was no communication or warning from the company before the group was deleted, he said. Other groups he’s been involved in have also been suspended because, he thinks, its members have posted or shared too frequently, leading Facebook bots to identify them as spammers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They wouldn’t tell us why, and there was no escalation path to recovery. We had 50,000 members and we had no way to engage,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wright ended up posting a notice to another group in his alliance focused on San Francisco history. He hoped one of the group’s 130,000 members might be a Facebook employee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, he said, a Facebook engineer in the group, based in Greece, responded and advocated for his WWII group to be restored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s U.S. history, right?” Wright said. “It’s not, you know, some right-edge, you know, cis-theory group. It’s simply things that happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He later learned Facebook’s AI triggered on a swastika on a German uniform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without finding an advocate on the inside, Wright said, there’s no recourse for exasperated group administrators who feel they’ve been unfairly targeted — unless, however, that person or organization is an advertiser, and has a direct line to customer service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, Meta published \u003ca href=\"https://transparency.fb.com/data/community-standards-enforcement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">yet another report\u003c/a> celebrating the recent strides it’s made to counter hate speech and other violations of its community standards. The company, for instance, claims that “prevalence of hate speech content was about 0.03% in the third 2021, which was a decrease from Q2 2021.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want Facebook and Instagram to be places where people have a voice,” the company said in the report. “To create conditions where everyone feels comfortable expressing themselves, we must also protect their safety, privacy, dignity and authenticity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meta did not respond to a request for comment on the boycott, and Kairos on Wednesday said it had still not received a response from the company either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our campaign demonstrates the urgency for the company to take accountability for the real world dangers it poses to our communities not just in the United States, but globally,” the group said in its statement. “Users are taking back their power by coming together, and we will keep speaking out until Facebook implements the sweeping changes we’re demanding.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"perspectives": {
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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