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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The 1972 killing of Richard Oakes, the face of the Red Power movement, still sticks with the people who worked on the case. The detective who was at the scene of the killing remembers feeling suspicious of Michael Morgan, the man who shot Oakes. The prosecutor remembers the holes in Morgan’s story that he shot Oakes in self-defense. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And yet, Morgan was acquitted of manslaughter charges. Today, they admit that the trial was botched.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Part 2 of our episode with \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone, we talk about missteps in the investigation into Oakes’ death, and how the justice system in Sonoma County was stacked against him.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11963726/the-killing-of-richard-oakes-part-1-life-after-alcatraz\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Listen to Part 1 of this story about the killing of Richard Oakes.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Read\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2023/richard-oakes-killing/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the full story \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">on Richard Oakes’ death in the San Francisco Chronicle.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC6265142682\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra and welcome to the Bay. Local news to Keep You Rooted. When activist Richard Oakes was shot and killed in 1972 at the age of 30, he was well known for the famous occupation of Alcatraz that would kick off the native civil rights movement. The impact of his death is still felt today. Oakes His family has been traumatized and hasn’t felt like they’ve gotten closure. And Oakes, His legacy is largely unrecognized in mainstream American history. In our last episode, San Francisco Chronicle reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone talked about what brought Richard Oakes to rural Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>We talked about Michael Morgan, the man who killed Richard, and we learned about FBI documents that have been kept secret for decades that show how local police goaded Michael Morgan into violence days before he pulled the trigger. If you haven’t listened to part one of this two part story, go back and do that first, because today we sit down with Julie and Jason again to bring you up to speed on the day that Michael Morgan shot and killed Richard Oakes. We hear from the investigator who was on the scene right after it happened and we discuss how the trial that followed was botched. Stay with us. Julie, what happens in their second encounter with one another? How do they meet again?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So they meet again because Richard was back on the road looking for a kid. Billy Lazor, He didn’t return home, but it turns out Michael Morgan caught Billy and another kid poking around one of the horse tack barns and essentially forces him into his car at gunpoint. And Billy later says this is during trial that Michael Morgan had threatened to blow his head off. So Morgan takes Billy back to the camp. He makes like a citizen’s arrest for attempted horse theft, calls the sheriff’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Billy goes to jail. So it’s the next day and Richard’s out walking on Skaggs Springs Road looking for Billy. And he encounters Michael Morgan, who had just walked up to the road. He had been shoeing horses. So they’re both standing there. They’re maybe ten feet, 20 feet apart from each other, and they talk. It’s actually for a while, maybe two or 3 minutes. And then Morgan takes out a pistol and shoots Richard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Michael Morgan fired one shot from a concealed pistol that struck Richard Oaks in the heart, killing him instantly. When an investigator showed up at the scene, Morgan said that Oaks took him by surprise from behind the trees, asked him what happened to the boy, and then threatened to kill him. Morgan claimed that Oakes crouched down and lunged forward, at which point Morgan, fearing for his life, shot oaks in self-defense. But the investigator wasn’t so sure about this story. And I know you actually spoke with the detective, Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt. Did this detective buy Morgan’s version of events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Butch is a really seasoned homicide detective. He’d worked a lot of really serious cases. And so, you know, he shows up to the scene, they actually fly there in a helicopter, and he talks to Morgan. And when he got to the scene, he saw that Richard was laying on his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>Richard had no weapons on him at all, nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>That he was ten, maybe 20 feet away from. Morgan said he was standing. And that just didn’t make sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>I went over across that bank over there because there was the exit wound on him. And I found that bullet. The bullet from the gun I found right over there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>But I thought, well, if he was lunging toward you, wouldn’t he fall forward when he was shot? Butch recalled something else at the scene that really stuck with him for 50 years. And that’s Morgan’s demeanor. So Morgan gave a statement. They had him write it out. They were preparing that paperwork on the side of the road. And Morgan asked him, Butch remembered, Can I go home now? And Butch thought that was strange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>He thought he was going to just be released and nothing happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>You know, most people, when you’ve just killed someone, you’re distraught or even if you’re calm, it’s unusual for someone to assume they can just go home, that it’s over. And so his suspicion began from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>You can’t shoot somebody and not face consequences. You’ve got to be a hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Butch. Carlstedt wasn’t actually the only one, right, who was suspicious of Morgan’s account. As I understand it, the deputy D.A., Edward Krug, seemed to agree that something was off, too. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>It’s the crew of the story that Morgan was telling just did not add up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>Morgan was there. I think he was in a more wrongful way than Richard Oakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Morgan Central claim was he shot Richard Oakes in a moment of panic, an overwhelming fear that he was about to die. But the picture painted by the evidence is just not a picture of someone who is credibly afraid for their own life. At the moment, the shot is fired. It’s a picture of that’s much calmer. That’s much more about choice. The shot was fired from at least ten feet away. So it’s not like there was any moment of hand-to-hand combat. Richard was always unarmed. Morgan always had a concealed pistol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>He went there with a gun. He had the advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>A bit later, Crook was able to speak with a man who had been visiting the YMCA camp in the days before the killing. He was having coffee with Morgan. He asked, Is it hunting season for anything? He said that, Morgan replied. It was hunting season for coons, foxes and Indians. And this visitor said that. The conversation went on. Morgan continued to talk about Oakes and how much he didn’t like. Richard Oakes said that Morgan called Oakes half crazy and said that he would be better off dead. That’s five days before the killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, let’s talk about the trial of Michael Morgan. Jason, how does the DA’s office go about charging Morgan, given their skepticism of his account of what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Initially, the DA’s office wanted to charge him with murder, but they ran into some resistance from a county judge. This judge was very dismissive of the idea that it could have been murder, and he tossed out the possibility of a murder charge. I think the other thing is that they were really worried about the kind of jury that they would get. Could you talk to us about this a lot?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>My concern was picking a jury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>You knew that in 1972, 1973, in Sonoma County, it was probably gonna be an all white jury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>I said, there’s a white all white jury here. I didn’t think that was fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>He just couldn’t be sure that a white jury would convict a white defendant for murdering a native person, any native person, but particularly a native person like Richard Oaks, who because of his prominence and because of his protest in the county, he had he had become perceived as scary and threatening to some people in the county at the time. And Krug thought a lot about that, and he worried about it. And it it sort of determined the shape of their strategy in a lot of ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>How did prosecutors argue the case?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>So it ended up being a trial for manslaughter, both involuntary, voluntary. To get a conviction, the prosecutors just had to show that his story about killing out of self-defense in this panic was was bogus. And the main way that they did that was by pointing out all of the contradictions between the physical evidence, the crime scene evidence, and Morgan’s own story that he told police that the evidence showed he was lying. Morgan took the stand in his own defense to cross-examine him and really kind of put the screws to him, to the point where Morgan even changed his story multiple times in court during the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>But there would have been another way to show that it was an unlawful killing. Right. Which is to talk about Morgan’s motive, to argue that he was motivated by racism. Right. So crew could have said this wasn’t about self-defense, this is about hatred. But to really do it effectively, he would have needed to put race and racism at the forefront of of the arguments, at the forefront of the trial and for other reasons that we that we already talked about his concerns about a jury, the environment in the country at the time. He he just didn’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And Julie, I know you you and Jason also talked with Krug about sort of his thoughts on how he went about arguing this case. And it sounded like he had some regrets. Is that right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I think we were both really surprised at how quickly he admitted, you know, I think I screwed up. But he was also really frank with the challenges that he faced. And just to give you a little contrast, he was up against really experienced attorneys. Crew, I think, was four years into being a prosecutor. And Michael Morgan hired a really stellar defense team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And yeah, the Berkeley Y put out the call. They found the two best Catholic defense attorneys in Sonoma County, literally the guys who ran the County Bar Association and helped judges get elected and were inextricably tied to the Democratic Party political machine in Sonoma County. He got the best attorneys in the business, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>And there was Kruh who was still pretty green, although he tried felony cases really early in his career. There were small things that he felt like he missed, like he realized at some point during the trial that he had neglected to get some of Richard’s clothing, including his pants analyzed. And, you know, if there were scuff marks on his knees, what does that say about the way that Richard maybe fell forward and then fell back? These details really haunted him 50 years later when he spoke about what he could have done to get the outcome that he really thought was just.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And, Julie, earlier we talked about these FBI witness statements that really, I think, reveal some of the racism that was really at play in this case. Does Krug and the DA’s office know about all these FBI statements that we talked about earlier? And do do they come up at all?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>You know, I think they knew some of what the FBI was learning and they did not have the full report. I don’t believe they had the full picture. But Krug did know about what Mike Craver, a sheriff’s deputy, said and what witnesses corroborated, he said. One thing he said is that to put the deputy I understand all the deputy has to do is say, well, I don’t remember that. I didn’t say that. And a jury is really traditional even to this day. The jury juries want to believe police officers. Another thing that he worried about when thinking about bringing race into the center of the trial was whether he was willing or the county the DA’s office was willing to to portray a law enforcement officer as racist. That was really not his job. He felt, to make the public question law enforcement officers who are out there protecting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So much of that did not make it into the trial, it sounds like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I think a lot of the most important things that happened in the six days before the killing were never aired during the trial of Michael Morgan. We now know that they happened because we have these documents, but at the time, the jury never heard about a lot of these things. And the public certainly didn’t hear about a lot of these things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And you both actually talked to some of these jurors, at least the ones who are still alive today. What do they remember of this trial?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Their memories of the trial, I think, were so telling. I spoke to two jurors and they both remembered how well the defense portrayed Michael Morgan as like just an American dad, nervous about his family, uncomfortable with this powerful figure who had kind of appeared and intruded upon his life. And, you know, I think they really identified with him as a family man. But in particular, one juror I spoke with, he also said things that frankly illuminated how much bias existed then and exists today toward indigenous people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>He said, Oh, I remember that Richard, you know, had children with all these different women and, you know, was shooting flaming arrows toward the camp. Well, that is just like a complete fabrication. And none of that was presented at trial. None of that actually happened. I don’t know why he has those memories, but I can only imagine that that is the kind of lens that these jurors had, based on whatever was in the movie, is portraying Native Americans at the time of what kind of person had been killed in this situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So, Jason, what did jurors ultimately decide?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>They acquitted Morgan on both of the manslaughter counts. Not guilty verdicts, took them about three days and that was it. Morgan was set free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Coming up, we hear from Richard Oakes, his family, and how his legacy still lives on today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What about Richard Oakes, his family? Julie, how do they talk about the impact of his killing? I know you actually spoke with his daughter recently, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Fawn Oaks is Richard’s youngest daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fawn Oakes: \u003c/strong>My mom never talked about him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>She’s now 53 years old and she was a toddler when he was killed. And she was actually present on September 14th when Michael Morgan fired the warning shot above Richard’s head. She was there. She was a little child at the side. She really feels so strongly that the country, the world, should understand what her father was about and what he did and how important he was at such a young age. You know, only 30, and he had done so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fawn Oakes: \u003c/strong>My father was educated and smart and courageous, who was more than people can handle. And they shut them down for the fine oaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>And her son, Elijah Oaks, who’s Richard’s grandson, they really talked about how their family has always felt that the acquittal invalidated how awful his death was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elijah Oakes: \u003c/strong>I think racism played a big part in the entire situation and the entire deal. They don’t want unity between people. We’re not true unity. And I think that’s the message that was sent when they killed my own grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>And they felt robbed. Fine. Grew up without a father. Any need to raise children without her husband. And in fact, the story that lasted was just some small argument between two men. But they felt always that Richard was targeted because of his activism, because of his politics, and because of his identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Is Michael Morgan still around? And did you hear anything from him for this story?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Michael Morgan is alive. He’s 84. He lives in Oklahoma. We sent in letters and received no response. We called and left messages, the response. And, you know, we really wanted to hear from him and include his perspective. And Jason, actually, he flew to Oklahoma and knocked on his door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>I could see him through the screen door. Then he sort of stood up, slowly came to the door and he said, I got your letters. Don’t want to talk. And I tried to make this case to him that whatever it whatever he had to say, it was important for history. But he just nodded his head and he said, you know, it was a sad thing that happened. And then he went inside and closed the door. And I went back the next day, but he was gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What I think is so important about your story is the way that it sort of reframes what we know about this killing. And Jason, I can’t help but think, you know, what if. Right. Like, what if these details in your reporting were shared at the trial? What if the trial had turned out differently? What is, you think, the impact of the fact that so many of these details have been kept secret until now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I think about that a lot. It’s I it’s hard to know exactly because, you know, you can’t rerun history, right? I mean, maybe the jury would still have acquitted Morgan, even if all of this stuff had been a part of the trial and been public. I don’t know. But but I am really certain, like 100% certain, that if these documents had been available at the time to the public, it would have made a difference if they’d been available to the native community. I have to think that there would have been a lot of pressure on the local police department, on the DOJ to find out what really happened here and to keep investigating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Right. Like there would have been much more of a spotlight. But because a lot of this was concealed and covered up, there was no one really watching. And so it was able to just be buried. And that has had an enormous impact on Richard’s legacy because it kind of erased him. There’s an alternate history where his song gets sung along with the song of Martin Luther King and Malcolm X. There’s a version of history where there’s a big Hollywood movie about Richard and his life, but he never joined that sort of great pantheon of civil rights heroes who were assassinated for what they believed in and became martyrs to their cause and inspirations for generations that came after. Right. And that’s because the trial was so botched and so muddy. His story just is not known in the way that it really, really deserves to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>His story is buried, but it also seems like it’s not too late to remember and learn about his contributions to the native civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>It’s definitely not too late. If you go back and you read a lot of the news coverage of the end of the Alcatraz occupation when protesters were forcibly removed from the island. The whole thing was portrayed as a big failure, but it was actually a huge success because it sparked this whole red power movement that ended up having this enduring impact on on US law and the way that the US government deals with native tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Even today, this protest movement that was launched in the wake of his killing, the Trail of broken treaties proved to be enormously influential on U.S. policy and law. They brought a list of demands to the federal government, and a number of those demands were over the next decades, you know, gradually adopted and passed as law, treating tribes as sovereign nations. Today, that’s normal. At the time when Richard was talking about that, he was portrayed as some kind of wild eyed radical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>You know, how much did you learn about Alcatraz when you were in grade school? How much did I learn about it? We ever hear his name before at all? Exactly. But what a unique example he is for young people. Taking what he’d heard from elders on the reservation near the Canadian border. You know, there were land fights happening there. You know, he grew up hearing those stories and and brought that across the country and joined this roiling hotbed of counterculture and civil rights. And, you know, these types of stories are really illuminating about history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And that journey to Alcatraz here in the Bay Area still happens every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Every year there are sunrise ceremonies in October and November where Alcatraz veterans, friends and family of Richard Knox, they go back to the islands to give thanks, to honor the memories of their loved ones and keep the spirit of Alcatraz alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>*recording playing*.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone. Thank you so much for joining us and sharing your reporting. I really appreciate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was San Francisco Chronicle reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone. You can read their full story for the San Francisco Chronicle on the true story of Richard Oakes. His death will leave you a link for that in our show notes. This conversation with Jason and Julie was cut down by producer Maria Esquinca, senior editor Alan Montecillo scored this episode and added all the tape music courtesy of the Audio Network. Special thanks as well to San Francisco Chronicle staff photojournalist Brontë Wittpenn. The Bay is a production of member supported KQED. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra. Thanks for listening. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Richard Oakes' family never doubted racism played a role in his killers' acquittal. Today, those who worked on the case admit the trial was botched.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The 1972 killing of Richard Oakes, the face of the Red Power movement, still sticks with the people who worked on the case. The detective who was at the scene of the killing remembers feeling suspicious of Michael Morgan, the man who shot Oakes. The prosecutor remembers the holes in Morgan’s story that he shot Oakes in self-defense. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And yet, Morgan was acquitted of manslaughter charges. Today, they admit that the trial was botched.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Part 2 of our episode with \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone, we talk about missteps in the investigation into Oakes’ death, and how the justice system in Sonoma County was stacked against him.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11963726/the-killing-of-richard-oakes-part-1-life-after-alcatraz\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Listen to Part 1 of this story about the killing of Richard Oakes.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra and welcome to the Bay. Local news to Keep You Rooted. When activist Richard Oakes was shot and killed in 1972 at the age of 30, he was well known for the famous occupation of Alcatraz that would kick off the native civil rights movement. The impact of his death is still felt today. Oakes His family has been traumatized and hasn’t felt like they’ve gotten closure. And Oakes, His legacy is largely unrecognized in mainstream American history. In our last episode, San Francisco Chronicle reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone talked about what brought Richard Oakes to rural Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>We talked about Michael Morgan, the man who killed Richard, and we learned about FBI documents that have been kept secret for decades that show how local police goaded Michael Morgan into violence days before he pulled the trigger. If you haven’t listened to part one of this two part story, go back and do that first, because today we sit down with Julie and Jason again to bring you up to speed on the day that Michael Morgan shot and killed Richard Oakes. We hear from the investigator who was on the scene right after it happened and we discuss how the trial that followed was botched. Stay with us. Julie, what happens in their second encounter with one another? How do they meet again?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So they meet again because Richard was back on the road looking for a kid. Billy Lazor, He didn’t return home, but it turns out Michael Morgan caught Billy and another kid poking around one of the horse tack barns and essentially forces him into his car at gunpoint. And Billy later says this is during trial that Michael Morgan had threatened to blow his head off. So Morgan takes Billy back to the camp. He makes like a citizen’s arrest for attempted horse theft, calls the sheriff’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Billy goes to jail. So it’s the next day and Richard’s out walking on Skaggs Springs Road looking for Billy. And he encounters Michael Morgan, who had just walked up to the road. He had been shoeing horses. So they’re both standing there. They’re maybe ten feet, 20 feet apart from each other, and they talk. It’s actually for a while, maybe two or 3 minutes. And then Morgan takes out a pistol and shoots Richard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Michael Morgan fired one shot from a concealed pistol that struck Richard Oaks in the heart, killing him instantly. When an investigator showed up at the scene, Morgan said that Oaks took him by surprise from behind the trees, asked him what happened to the boy, and then threatened to kill him. Morgan claimed that Oakes crouched down and lunged forward, at which point Morgan, fearing for his life, shot oaks in self-defense. But the investigator wasn’t so sure about this story. And I know you actually spoke with the detective, Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt. Did this detective buy Morgan’s version of events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Butch is a really seasoned homicide detective. He’d worked a lot of really serious cases. And so, you know, he shows up to the scene, they actually fly there in a helicopter, and he talks to Morgan. And when he got to the scene, he saw that Richard was laying on his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>Richard had no weapons on him at all, nothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>That he was ten, maybe 20 feet away from. Morgan said he was standing. And that just didn’t make sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>I went over across that bank over there because there was the exit wound on him. And I found that bullet. The bullet from the gun I found right over there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>But I thought, well, if he was lunging toward you, wouldn’t he fall forward when he was shot? Butch recalled something else at the scene that really stuck with him for 50 years. And that’s Morgan’s demeanor. So Morgan gave a statement. They had him write it out. They were preparing that paperwork on the side of the road. And Morgan asked him, Butch remembered, Can I go home now? And Butch thought that was strange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>He thought he was going to just be released and nothing happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>You know, most people, when you’ve just killed someone, you’re distraught or even if you’re calm, it’s unusual for someone to assume they can just go home, that it’s over. And so his suspicion began from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edwin “Butch” Carlstedt: \u003c/strong>You can’t shoot somebody and not face consequences. You’ve got to be a hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Butch. Carlstedt wasn’t actually the only one, right, who was suspicious of Morgan’s account. As I understand it, the deputy D.A., Edward Krug, seemed to agree that something was off, too. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>It’s the crew of the story that Morgan was telling just did not add up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>Morgan was there. I think he was in a more wrongful way than Richard Oakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Morgan Central claim was he shot Richard Oakes in a moment of panic, an overwhelming fear that he was about to die. But the picture painted by the evidence is just not a picture of someone who is credibly afraid for their own life. At the moment, the shot is fired. It’s a picture of that’s much calmer. That’s much more about choice. The shot was fired from at least ten feet away. So it’s not like there was any moment of hand-to-hand combat. Richard was always unarmed. Morgan always had a concealed pistol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>He went there with a gun. He had the advantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>A bit later, Crook was able to speak with a man who had been visiting the YMCA camp in the days before the killing. He was having coffee with Morgan. He asked, Is it hunting season for anything? He said that, Morgan replied. It was hunting season for coons, foxes and Indians. And this visitor said that. The conversation went on. Morgan continued to talk about Oakes and how much he didn’t like. Richard Oakes said that Morgan called Oakes half crazy and said that he would be better off dead. That’s five days before the killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, let’s talk about the trial of Michael Morgan. Jason, how does the DA’s office go about charging Morgan, given their skepticism of his account of what happened?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Initially, the DA’s office wanted to charge him with murder, but they ran into some resistance from a county judge. This judge was very dismissive of the idea that it could have been murder, and he tossed out the possibility of a murder charge. I think the other thing is that they were really worried about the kind of jury that they would get. Could you talk to us about this a lot?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>My concern was picking a jury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>You knew that in 1972, 1973, in Sonoma County, it was probably gonna be an all white jury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Edward Krug: \u003c/strong>I said, there’s a white all white jury here. I didn’t think that was fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>He just couldn’t be sure that a white jury would convict a white defendant for murdering a native person, any native person, but particularly a native person like Richard Oaks, who because of his prominence and because of his protest in the county, he had he had become perceived as scary and threatening to some people in the county at the time. And Krug thought a lot about that, and he worried about it. And it it sort of determined the shape of their strategy in a lot of ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>How did prosecutors argue the case?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>So it ended up being a trial for manslaughter, both involuntary, voluntary. To get a conviction, the prosecutors just had to show that his story about killing out of self-defense in this panic was was bogus. And the main way that they did that was by pointing out all of the contradictions between the physical evidence, the crime scene evidence, and Morgan’s own story that he told police that the evidence showed he was lying. Morgan took the stand in his own defense to cross-examine him and really kind of put the screws to him, to the point where Morgan even changed his story multiple times in court during the trial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>But there would have been another way to show that it was an unlawful killing. Right. Which is to talk about Morgan’s motive, to argue that he was motivated by racism. Right. So crew could have said this wasn’t about self-defense, this is about hatred. But to really do it effectively, he would have needed to put race and racism at the forefront of of the arguments, at the forefront of the trial and for other reasons that we that we already talked about his concerns about a jury, the environment in the country at the time. He he just didn’t do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And Julie, I know you you and Jason also talked with Krug about sort of his thoughts on how he went about arguing this case. And it sounded like he had some regrets. Is that right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I think we were both really surprised at how quickly he admitted, you know, I think I screwed up. But he was also really frank with the challenges that he faced. And just to give you a little contrast, he was up against really experienced attorneys. Crew, I think, was four years into being a prosecutor. And Michael Morgan hired a really stellar defense team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And yeah, the Berkeley Y put out the call. They found the two best Catholic defense attorneys in Sonoma County, literally the guys who ran the County Bar Association and helped judges get elected and were inextricably tied to the Democratic Party political machine in Sonoma County. He got the best attorneys in the business, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>And there was Kruh who was still pretty green, although he tried felony cases really early in his career. There were small things that he felt like he missed, like he realized at some point during the trial that he had neglected to get some of Richard’s clothing, including his pants analyzed. And, you know, if there were scuff marks on his knees, what does that say about the way that Richard maybe fell forward and then fell back? These details really haunted him 50 years later when he spoke about what he could have done to get the outcome that he really thought was just.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And, Julie, earlier we talked about these FBI witness statements that really, I think, reveal some of the racism that was really at play in this case. Does Krug and the DA’s office know about all these FBI statements that we talked about earlier? And do do they come up at all?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>You know, I think they knew some of what the FBI was learning and they did not have the full report. I don’t believe they had the full picture. But Krug did know about what Mike Craver, a sheriff’s deputy, said and what witnesses corroborated, he said. One thing he said is that to put the deputy I understand all the deputy has to do is say, well, I don’t remember that. I didn’t say that. And a jury is really traditional even to this day. The jury juries want to believe police officers. Another thing that he worried about when thinking about bringing race into the center of the trial was whether he was willing or the county the DA’s office was willing to to portray a law enforcement officer as racist. That was really not his job. He felt, to make the public question law enforcement officers who are out there protecting them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So much of that did not make it into the trial, it sounds like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I think a lot of the most important things that happened in the six days before the killing were never aired during the trial of Michael Morgan. We now know that they happened because we have these documents, but at the time, the jury never heard about a lot of these things. And the public certainly didn’t hear about a lot of these things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And you both actually talked to some of these jurors, at least the ones who are still alive today. What do they remember of this trial?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Their memories of the trial, I think, were so telling. I spoke to two jurors and they both remembered how well the defense portrayed Michael Morgan as like just an American dad, nervous about his family, uncomfortable with this powerful figure who had kind of appeared and intruded upon his life. And, you know, I think they really identified with him as a family man. But in particular, one juror I spoke with, he also said things that frankly illuminated how much bias existed then and exists today toward indigenous people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>He said, Oh, I remember that Richard, you know, had children with all these different women and, you know, was shooting flaming arrows toward the camp. Well, that is just like a complete fabrication. And none of that was presented at trial. None of that actually happened. I don’t know why he has those memories, but I can only imagine that that is the kind of lens that these jurors had, based on whatever was in the movie, is portraying Native Americans at the time of what kind of person had been killed in this situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So, Jason, what did jurors ultimately decide?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>They acquitted Morgan on both of the manslaughter counts. Not guilty verdicts, took them about three days and that was it. Morgan was set free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Coming up, we hear from Richard Oakes, his family, and how his legacy still lives on today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What about Richard Oakes, his family? Julie, how do they talk about the impact of his killing? I know you actually spoke with his daughter recently, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Fawn Oaks is Richard’s youngest daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fawn Oakes: \u003c/strong>My mom never talked about him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>She’s now 53 years old and she was a toddler when he was killed. And she was actually present on September 14th when Michael Morgan fired the warning shot above Richard’s head. She was there. She was a little child at the side. She really feels so strongly that the country, the world, should understand what her father was about and what he did and how important he was at such a young age. You know, only 30, and he had done so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fawn Oakes: \u003c/strong>My father was educated and smart and courageous, who was more than people can handle. And they shut them down for the fine oaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>And her son, Elijah Oaks, who’s Richard’s grandson, they really talked about how their family has always felt that the acquittal invalidated how awful his death was.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elijah Oakes: \u003c/strong>I think racism played a big part in the entire situation and the entire deal. They don’t want unity between people. We’re not true unity. And I think that’s the message that was sent when they killed my own grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>And they felt robbed. Fine. Grew up without a father. Any need to raise children without her husband. And in fact, the story that lasted was just some small argument between two men. But they felt always that Richard was targeted because of his activism, because of his politics, and because of his identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Is Michael Morgan still around? And did you hear anything from him for this story?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Michael Morgan is alive. He’s 84. He lives in Oklahoma. We sent in letters and received no response. We called and left messages, the response. And, you know, we really wanted to hear from him and include his perspective. And Jason, actually, he flew to Oklahoma and knocked on his door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>I could see him through the screen door. Then he sort of stood up, slowly came to the door and he said, I got your letters. Don’t want to talk. And I tried to make this case to him that whatever it whatever he had to say, it was important for history. But he just nodded his head and he said, you know, it was a sad thing that happened. And then he went inside and closed the door. And I went back the next day, but he was gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What I think is so important about your story is the way that it sort of reframes what we know about this killing. And Jason, I can’t help but think, you know, what if. Right. Like, what if these details in your reporting were shared at the trial? What if the trial had turned out differently? What is, you think, the impact of the fact that so many of these details have been kept secret until now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I think about that a lot. It’s I it’s hard to know exactly because, you know, you can’t rerun history, right? I mean, maybe the jury would still have acquitted Morgan, even if all of this stuff had been a part of the trial and been public. I don’t know. But but I am really certain, like 100% certain, that if these documents had been available at the time to the public, it would have made a difference if they’d been available to the native community. I have to think that there would have been a lot of pressure on the local police department, on the DOJ to find out what really happened here and to keep investigating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Right. Like there would have been much more of a spotlight. But because a lot of this was concealed and covered up, there was no one really watching. And so it was able to just be buried. And that has had an enormous impact on Richard’s legacy because it kind of erased him. There’s an alternate history where his song gets sung along with the song of Martin Luther King and Malcolm X. There’s a version of history where there’s a big Hollywood movie about Richard and his life, but he never joined that sort of great pantheon of civil rights heroes who were assassinated for what they believed in and became martyrs to their cause and inspirations for generations that came after. Right. And that’s because the trial was so botched and so muddy. His story just is not known in the way that it really, really deserves to be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>His story is buried, but it also seems like it’s not too late to remember and learn about his contributions to the native civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>It’s definitely not too late. If you go back and you read a lot of the news coverage of the end of the Alcatraz occupation when protesters were forcibly removed from the island. The whole thing was portrayed as a big failure, but it was actually a huge success because it sparked this whole red power movement that ended up having this enduring impact on on US law and the way that the US government deals with native tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Even today, this protest movement that was launched in the wake of his killing, the Trail of broken treaties proved to be enormously influential on U.S. policy and law. They brought a list of demands to the federal government, and a number of those demands were over the next decades, you know, gradually adopted and passed as law, treating tribes as sovereign nations. Today, that’s normal. At the time when Richard was talking about that, he was portrayed as some kind of wild eyed radical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>You know, how much did you learn about Alcatraz when you were in grade school? How much did I learn about it? We ever hear his name before at all? Exactly. But what a unique example he is for young people. Taking what he’d heard from elders on the reservation near the Canadian border. You know, there were land fights happening there. You know, he grew up hearing those stories and and brought that across the country and joined this roiling hotbed of counterculture and civil rights. And, you know, these types of stories are really illuminating about history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>And that journey to Alcatraz here in the Bay Area still happens every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Every year there are sunrise ceremonies in October and November where Alcatraz veterans, friends and family of Richard Knox, they go back to the islands to give thanks, to honor the memories of their loved ones and keep the spirit of Alcatraz alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>*recording playing*.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone. Thank you so much for joining us and sharing your reporting. I really appreciate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was San Francisco Chronicle reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone. You can read their full story for the San Francisco Chronicle on the true story of Richard Oakes. His death will leave you a link for that in our show notes. This conversation with Jason and Julie was cut down by producer Maria Esquinca, senior editor Alan Montecillo scored this episode and added all the tape music courtesy of the Audio Network. Special thanks as well to San Francisco Chronicle staff photojournalist Brontë Wittpenn. The Bay is a production of member supported KQED. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra. Thanks for listening. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>"
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"title": "The Untold Story of Richard Oakes' Killing, Part 1",
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"headTitle": "The Untold Story of Richard Oakes’ Killing, Part 1 | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Richard Oakes was the face of the burgeoning “Red Power” movement when he led the famous Native occupation of Alcatraz Island in 1969. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But like other civil rights leaders at the time, he died too soon. In 1972, Oakes was gunned down in rural Sonoma County. His killer, Michael Oliver Morgan, stood trial for manslaughter and was found not guilty.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official story of Richard Oakes’ death, and the circumstances surrounding Morgan’s trial, are part of the reason why Oakes’ legacy has been largely erased from mainstream history. Oakes’ family and friends, meanwhile, never got closure. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All this time, they have believed that Oakes’ death, and Morgan’s acquittal, were racially motivated. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now, thanks to new reporting from the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em>, we know details about this story that have been kept secret for decades. In Part 1 of a two-part episode with reporters\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone, we discuss the events that led Oakes to rural Sonoma County, and the encounters that foreshadowed his killing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is Part 1 of a two-part episode. Part 2 will publish on Wednesday, Oct. 11.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC7483756438\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Read\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2023/richard-oakes-killing/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the full story \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">on Richard Oakes’ death in the \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay; Local news to keep you rooted. Richard Oakes is one of the most important figures of the Native Civil Rights movement. In 1969, he led the famous occupation of Alcatraz Island, where he brought attention to living conditions on the reservation and pushed for Native people’s right to self-determination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eloy Martinez: \u003c/strong>Richard was a visionary. He would see beyond just now. I believe any strong leader this leader is right up there with all of the best of them, some of the great black leaders in the civil rights movement. Alcatraz was the civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Oakes’ actions on Alcatraz would eventually bring the Red Power movement to the mainland. But like other civil rights leaders of the time, he died too soon. Oakes was gunned down in 1972 in rural Sonoma County. His killer, Michael Oliver Morgan, stood trial for manslaughter but was found not guilty. That was 50 years ago. The official story of Richard Oakes, His death and the not guilty verdict for the man who shot him are part of the reason why his legacy has been erased from mainstream history. Oakes His family, meanwhile, has never gotten closure all this time. They’ve never doubted that Oakes, his death and Morgan’s acquittal were racially motivated. But thanks to new reporting from the San Francisco Chronicle, we now know details about this story that have been kept secret for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>The story that came out of the trial was not a big story about a moral cause. It was a story of two men getting in an argument on a road in the middle of nowhere. That story is the wrong story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Today, Part one of my conversation with San Francisco Chronicle reporters Jason Fagone and Julie Johnson about the true story of Richard Oakes, his death, and why it went untold until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Richard was one of the most prominent and effective Native American activists of that era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>I think it’s about time this government starts recognizing that we young people like to take over our own destiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>He had a national profile, even an international profile, because of the Alcatraz occupation, which he started in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reporter: \u003c/strong>Do you think you have the legal right to claim the island and why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>Well, you’re talking about two different societies now. In my society or in Indian society, yes, we do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>It became this, you know, 19 month occupation. Huge global news story. I mean, Marlon Brando went to the islands, Jane Fonda, all kinds of tribal elders came to meet him, to talk to him, just to hear what he had to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>We hope to build an example at our Mecca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And he inspired a whole generation of young native people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>We will purchase, said Alcatraz Island for $24 in glass beads and red cloth, a precedent set by the white man’s purchase of a similar island about 300 years ago. Our offer of 20 a dollar and $0.24 per acre is greater than the $0.47 per acre The white man is now paying to California Indians for their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Because he was channeling and expressing, you know, native anger about a range of issues, you know, mainly mistreatment by the US government, poor conditions on reservations, forced assimilation into a white society that really had no place for native people. But he is also laying out this vision for a better world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>Therefore, we plan to develop on this island several Indian institutes in the name of all Indians. Therefore, we reclaim this land for our Indian nations. For all these reasons, we feel this claim is just and proper, and that this land should rightfully be granted to us for as long as the river shall run in the sunshine. Sign Indians of All Tribes. November, 1969, San Francisco, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And he also just had this incredible kind of charisma like this, which has volcanic personal charisma. People, people, people followed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reporter: \u003c/strong>Why Alcatraz?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>Everybody can see it. At one end of the country, you have the Statue of Liberty. And this is it’s just the opposite. We have a true reality of liberty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>He was essentially like the face of the red power movement. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>He was the leader of a national movement. Red Power was something that grew out of the Alcatraz occupation. You know, it wasn’t just a one off thing, Richard. After Alcatraz, he he sort of took the spark of that demonstration in that protest and and brought it to the mainland and then set up the string of sort of very similar demonstrations all across the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>This story takes place in rural Sonoma County in the 1970s. Julie How does someone like Richard Oaks end up in Sonoma County in 1972?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Richard’s wife Annie was from Sonoma County. She grew up there. She grew up on the Stuarts Point Ranch area, home of the Cassia Band of Pomo Indians. Near the Sonoma County coastline, it was actually two traumatic incidents that led them back to Sonoma County. The first was the death of their daughter, Yvonne. She was 13 years old and she fell off a ledge while playing on Alcatraz. This was during the occupation. She was rushed to the hospital, but she died. And Richard and Annie didn’t return. The occupation was still going on, but they were grieving and they just didn’t go back to the island. But Richard was still involved in activism. He was traveling all around the state of California, participating in demonstrations related to land rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>With the river tribe of Indians of California, in accordance with the findings of the Indian Claims Commission that established the various findings, our territory and what is now called Shasta Modoc, Lassen and Siskiyou Counties land that was illegally taken from us in the year of 1853. Reject all monies offered to us for this land and instead will retain our land within these established findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>He had developed this really interesting and kind of effective strategy to trespass on corporate or government lands that were in fact traditional indigenous lands, and they would get arrested and mass forced police to arrest dozens of people. Then they’d end up in court and the government would have to argue that Native American people were trespassing on their own traditional lands. And it was wonderfully ironic and got a lot of media attention. And in 1974, Richard and a group of others went to P.G. and his headquarters in downtown San Francisco. This is on Market Street to make a citizen’s arrest of the CEO And Peggy and he owns a lot of land in California, including many traditional indigenous lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So they did like this staged citizen’s arrest. Security kicked him out. They held a press conference deemed a success. Afterwards, they went to a bar to celebrate and a man snuck up behind Richard and attacked him with a pool cue. And he ended up in a coma and suffered permanent impacts. Once he awoke, he had to relearn how to talk. He had to relearn how to walk. And he never really was the same. So it was in that context that Annie, I think, insisted that they move back home to her family, this quiet place, very familiar, very remote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So, Richard, in any move to this quieter, more rural part of the Bay Area and in large part because they’ve really experienced, I mean, some of the consequences of being the face of a movement, the dangers of that. But Richard doesn’t retreat from his activism once he moves to Sonoma County, does he?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So in Sonoma County, he was involved in a number of smaller demonstrations, but one in particular caught the attention of Sonoma County. The county wanted to widen the road. Skaggs Springs Road that went through the Stuarts Point range area. To this day, it’s the only road between the Dry Creek Valley and the Snowman Coast. And so the county carved away about three acres of tribal lands to do it. And, you know, mind you, that tribe had about 40 acres. So that was significant. And Richard saw this as theft. So he had a group of men and adolescents pulled a branch across the road one day, painted a sign and started charging drivers a dollar to pass. You know, this is a rural road. It’s in the middle of nowhere. I think eight drivers passed. But in the paper the next day, he was called a militant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I know someone who becomes aware of Oakes. His presence in Sonoma County. Is a man named Michael Oliver. Morgan Jason. Who is Michael Oliver Morgan. And how would you describe him?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Michael Morgan was a fairly typical local white guy of that era and that place in Sonoma. I read out of high school he joined the Army and he served for a couple of years as a military policeman. He was essentially a cop for the army there. Around 1970, he was hired by the Berkeley YMCA, which operated this kind of remote wilderness camp that they mainly used as a summer camp for Bay Area kids up in the Redwood Country in Sonoma. And because it was so far away from Berkeley, the Berkeley, why needed a local person to sort of look after it and keep the boiler running and take care of the horses that they had there and fix pipes and that kind of thing. And Morgan was good at those kinds of tasks. And so they hired him there as the caretaker to look after it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Richard in any live in the Stuart’s point, Rancheria, where is it located and what was the relationship between the camp where Michael Morgan worked and the ranch area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So the Stewarts Point Rancheria is about four miles down the road from the camp closer to the coast to about 40 acres. And to compare, the YMCA camp had about 450 acres of beautiful, pristine forest alongside a lovely creek. And the Rancheria, in contrast, didn’t have access to fresh water, so they had to truck it in, actually. And they still do to this day. And I think for a long time there was somewhat of an understanding between the caretakers of the YMCA camp and the people who lived in the Rancheria Canteen was a really important source of food and also just recreation for people living in the ranch area. And I think they were able to kind of traverse on camp lands. And this is this is a wild forest. So, you know, the boundaries are somewhat unclear, but I think they were able to move pretty freely. And our understanding is that once Morgan became the caretaker, that he was just more firm with those boundaries and he didn’t want people trespassing on camp land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>The thing about Morgan is that he was different from other caretakers who had looked after the camp before him. He came in and he he basically viewed everything there is as private property, totally off limits to the shire. And he was willing to enforce that belief with firearms. He kept a lot of guns there. Guns were common in some in that area and I think they still are shotguns, hunting rifles and that kind of thing. He had guns that were not those kinds of guns. He had handguns. He had semi-auto automatic pistols. That wasn’t the kind of thing that had been at the camp before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Coming up, Michael Morgan and Richard Oakes’ first encounter and how it sets the stage for the violence to come. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Jason, Michael Morgan would eventually shoot and kill Richard Oakes on September 20th, 1972, but they’d actually met days before that. As I understand it, it wasn’t a very friendly encounter. How does that first encounter between Michael Morgan and Richard Oakes sort of foreshadow what is to come?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>So six days before the killing, September 14th, 1972, Morgan and his employees at the camp there, they’re at the camp one afternoon, and this 15 year old, a native kid, comes walking down the road. His name is Billy Lazor. He was a mohawk. He had known Richard, Richard and Stanley for a while. He was visiting from the East Coast, from Mohawk territory. And this kid comes walking, walking down the road and Morgan and some boys ask to be still in there. And he doesn’t say. He just says this is Indian land. And any Indian has a right to be here and hunt here. It turns out the kid had been looking for his friends who had gone hunting earlier in the day, thought they might be around there. But Morgan and his camp employees interpreted this says, as some kind of reticence or hostility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>They get into this argument about whether that’s Indian land or not. Pretty soon after that, Richard Oakes pulls up in a car. He’s been out looking for the missing boys, too. He sees this argument happening. He pulls over to see what’s going on. He joins the argument. The argument keeps getting more and more heated. And there are kind of two versions of what happened next. In Morgan’s version, the kid takes out a hunting knife. Richard grabs the knife. Morgan sees him grab the knife. He’s afraid for his safety. He asks Richard to leave. Richard refuses. And so at that point, Morgan picks up a rifle and fires a warning shot at Richard right above his head, booms out. And and then Richard says he’s going to come back and burn down the camp. And then at that point, you hear the kid leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>That’s what Morgan says happened, according to the kid’s version, which he later gave in court and which we think is more credible. What really happened is that Morgan is the one who escalated this argument in this conflict. It was Morgan who started to be hostile to sort of make threatening gestures, say threatening things called Richard Oakes a stupid Indian, according to the kid. And it was Morgan who fired the shot. And it’s only after he fires that the kid takes out the knives because the kid is afraid because now he feels like he’s he’s being attacked. At that point, Richard takes the knife from the kid because he’s trying to de-escalate. He doesn’t want anybody to do anything rash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What evidence is there to show that the latter account from Billy Lazarus is perhaps more credible?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>The FBI ultimately investigated the circumstances of the killing, and they talked to some of Morgan’s own people who were there that night, his own employees, and they took these witness statements. The witness statements are very detailed. And in the witness statements, there are a couple of Morgan’s own people, in other words, people on Morgan’s side who corroborated some of the most important elements of the kids believe the source story. So that’s why we think it’s more credible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Julie, why was this first encounter and in what you would eventually learn about it from some of these FBI documents, why is it important to note and to document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>This first encounter really set the stage for what would happen next? And not only did Michael Morgan fire a warning shot over Richard’s head, but right after that, a sheriff’s deputy came to the scene. Richard and Billy had left. A sheriff’s deputy turns up because somebody at the camp had called and they had this conversation. And Jason was really instrumental in getting these FBI files and getting them unredacted, which was really important to understanding who said what and how. All of this, like, really changes the way you can look at the shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>To me, this is one of the most crucial parts of the story and one of the most important things that we discovered. And it took about a year through the FOI process even to find out where these documents were and to go and to get them unredacted. Because what we found is that the police themselves escalated this conflict. And there’s even evidence that they conspired with Morgan to contemplate the death of Richard Knox and kind of create a space to give a kind of permission that made violence against Richard possible. Because remember, this is six days before the killing. So six days before the killing, the warning shot happens and someone calls the police and then this deputy sheriff shows up, David Craver, who went by the nickname Mike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And by this point, Richard and Kate have left. It’s just Morgan, his friend. And there’s this white deputy sheriff. And the deputy sheriff is talking to Morgan about what just happened. And Maureen tells them, in the end, the cop says to Morgan, well, why didn’t you just shoot him when you had the chance? I would have shot him when he picked up the knife. After that, this cop said some blatantly racist stuff about Native people. He bragged that he wasn’t afraid of Indians. He said that he kept an M-16 rifle in the trunk of his cop car and that this rifle just loves to eat up Indians. And he said all this stuff in the presence of Morgan, who six days later shoots and kills Richard Oakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>So the story of this first incident. Sonoma County police were involved in the conflict in a really fundamental way, but they injected themselves into it, escalated it, and seemed to goad Michael Morgan into violence. Six days later, Morgan shoots and kills Richard Oakes. Maybe it’s not surprising to listeners that a rural cop in the early 1970s would be racist. But to me, this really is shocking because of the specifics and because this information was not available to the public at the time. The story that came out of the trial was not a big story about a moral cause. It was a story of two men getting in an argument on a road in the middle of nowhere and something happening. That story is the wrong story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was San Francisco Chronicle reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone. This is part one of a two part episode on the killing of Richard OakEs. On Wednesday, we’ll hear more from Julie and Jason about the trial of Michael Morgan, how he was found not guilty and the impact the trial still has today. You can read Julie and Jason’s full story for The Chronicle on the true story of Richard Oakes’s death. We’ll leave you a link to that in our shownotes. This conversation was cut down and edited by senior editor Alan Montecillo. Producer Maria Esquinca scored this episode and added all the tape with extra production support from me. Special thanks to San Francisco Chronicle staff photojournalist Brontë Wittpenn. At the top of this episode, you heard from Eloy Martinez, a friend of Richard Oakes. Music courtesy of the Audio Network. Archival footage from the Bay Area Television Archive. The Bay is a production of member supported KQED. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra. Thanks for listening. Talk to you Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Richard Oakes was the face of the burgeoning “Red Power” movement when he led the famous Native occupation of Alcatraz Island in 1969. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But like other civil rights leaders at the time, he died too soon. In 1972, Oakes was gunned down in rural Sonoma County. His killer, Michael Oliver Morgan, stood trial for manslaughter and was found not guilty.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official story of Richard Oakes’ death, and the circumstances surrounding Morgan’s trial, are part of the reason why Oakes’ legacy has been largely erased from mainstream history. Oakes’ family and friends, meanwhile, never got closure. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">All this time, they have believed that Oakes’ death, and Morgan’s acquittal, were racially motivated. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now, thanks to new reporting from the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em>, we know details about this story that have been kept secret for decades. In Part 1 of a two-part episode with reporters\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone, we discuss the events that led Oakes to rural Sonoma County, and the encounters that foreshadowed his killing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is Part 1 of a two-part episode. Part 2 will publish on Wednesday, Oct. 11.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC7483756438\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Read\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2023/richard-oakes-killing/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the full story \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">on Richard Oakes’ death in the \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay; Local news to keep you rooted. Richard Oakes is one of the most important figures of the Native Civil Rights movement. In 1969, he led the famous occupation of Alcatraz Island, where he brought attention to living conditions on the reservation and pushed for Native people’s right to self-determination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eloy Martinez: \u003c/strong>Richard was a visionary. He would see beyond just now. I believe any strong leader this leader is right up there with all of the best of them, some of the great black leaders in the civil rights movement. Alcatraz was the civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Oakes’ actions on Alcatraz would eventually bring the Red Power movement to the mainland. But like other civil rights leaders of the time, he died too soon. Oakes was gunned down in 1972 in rural Sonoma County. His killer, Michael Oliver Morgan, stood trial for manslaughter but was found not guilty. That was 50 years ago. The official story of Richard Oakes, His death and the not guilty verdict for the man who shot him are part of the reason why his legacy has been erased from mainstream history. Oakes His family, meanwhile, has never gotten closure all this time. They’ve never doubted that Oakes, his death and Morgan’s acquittal were racially motivated. But thanks to new reporting from the San Francisco Chronicle, we now know details about this story that have been kept secret for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>The story that came out of the trial was not a big story about a moral cause. It was a story of two men getting in an argument on a road in the middle of nowhere. That story is the wrong story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Today, Part one of my conversation with San Francisco Chronicle reporters Jason Fagone and Julie Johnson about the true story of Richard Oakes, his death, and why it went untold until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Richard was one of the most prominent and effective Native American activists of that era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>I think it’s about time this government starts recognizing that we young people like to take over our own destiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>He had a national profile, even an international profile, because of the Alcatraz occupation, which he started in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reporter: \u003c/strong>Do you think you have the legal right to claim the island and why?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>Well, you’re talking about two different societies now. In my society or in Indian society, yes, we do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>It became this, you know, 19 month occupation. Huge global news story. I mean, Marlon Brando went to the islands, Jane Fonda, all kinds of tribal elders came to meet him, to talk to him, just to hear what he had to say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>We hope to build an example at our Mecca.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And he inspired a whole generation of young native people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>We will purchase, said Alcatraz Island for $24 in glass beads and red cloth, a precedent set by the white man’s purchase of a similar island about 300 years ago. Our offer of 20 a dollar and $0.24 per acre is greater than the $0.47 per acre The white man is now paying to California Indians for their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Because he was channeling and expressing, you know, native anger about a range of issues, you know, mainly mistreatment by the US government, poor conditions on reservations, forced assimilation into a white society that really had no place for native people. But he is also laying out this vision for a better world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>Therefore, we plan to develop on this island several Indian institutes in the name of all Indians. Therefore, we reclaim this land for our Indian nations. For all these reasons, we feel this claim is just and proper, and that this land should rightfully be granted to us for as long as the river shall run in the sunshine. Sign Indians of All Tribes. November, 1969, San Francisco, California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And he also just had this incredible kind of charisma like this, which has volcanic personal charisma. People, people, people followed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reporter: \u003c/strong>Why Alcatraz?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>Everybody can see it. At one end of the country, you have the Statue of Liberty. And this is it’s just the opposite. We have a true reality of liberty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>He was essentially like the face of the red power movement. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>He was the leader of a national movement. Red Power was something that grew out of the Alcatraz occupation. You know, it wasn’t just a one off thing, Richard. After Alcatraz, he he sort of took the spark of that demonstration in that protest and and brought it to the mainland and then set up the string of sort of very similar demonstrations all across the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>This story takes place in rural Sonoma County in the 1970s. Julie How does someone like Richard Oaks end up in Sonoma County in 1972?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>Richard’s wife Annie was from Sonoma County. She grew up there. She grew up on the Stuarts Point Ranch area, home of the Cassia Band of Pomo Indians. Near the Sonoma County coastline, it was actually two traumatic incidents that led them back to Sonoma County. The first was the death of their daughter, Yvonne. She was 13 years old and she fell off a ledge while playing on Alcatraz. This was during the occupation. She was rushed to the hospital, but she died. And Richard and Annie didn’t return. The occupation was still going on, but they were grieving and they just didn’t go back to the island. But Richard was still involved in activism. He was traveling all around the state of California, participating in demonstrations related to land rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Richard Oakes: \u003c/strong>With the river tribe of Indians of California, in accordance with the findings of the Indian Claims Commission that established the various findings, our territory and what is now called Shasta Modoc, Lassen and Siskiyou Counties land that was illegally taken from us in the year of 1853. Reject all monies offered to us for this land and instead will retain our land within these established findings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>He had developed this really interesting and kind of effective strategy to trespass on corporate or government lands that were in fact traditional indigenous lands, and they would get arrested and mass forced police to arrest dozens of people. Then they’d end up in court and the government would have to argue that Native American people were trespassing on their own traditional lands. And it was wonderfully ironic and got a lot of media attention. And in 1974, Richard and a group of others went to P.G. and his headquarters in downtown San Francisco. This is on Market Street to make a citizen’s arrest of the CEO And Peggy and he owns a lot of land in California, including many traditional indigenous lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So they did like this staged citizen’s arrest. Security kicked him out. They held a press conference deemed a success. Afterwards, they went to a bar to celebrate and a man snuck up behind Richard and attacked him with a pool cue. And he ended up in a coma and suffered permanent impacts. Once he awoke, he had to relearn how to talk. He had to relearn how to walk. And he never really was the same. So it was in that context that Annie, I think, insisted that they move back home to her family, this quiet place, very familiar, very remote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>So, Richard, in any move to this quieter, more rural part of the Bay Area and in large part because they’ve really experienced, I mean, some of the consequences of being the face of a movement, the dangers of that. But Richard doesn’t retreat from his activism once he moves to Sonoma County, does he?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So in Sonoma County, he was involved in a number of smaller demonstrations, but one in particular caught the attention of Sonoma County. The county wanted to widen the road. Skaggs Springs Road that went through the Stuarts Point range area. To this day, it’s the only road between the Dry Creek Valley and the Snowman Coast. And so the county carved away about three acres of tribal lands to do it. And, you know, mind you, that tribe had about 40 acres. So that was significant. And Richard saw this as theft. So he had a group of men and adolescents pulled a branch across the road one day, painted a sign and started charging drivers a dollar to pass. You know, this is a rural road. It’s in the middle of nowhere. I think eight drivers passed. But in the paper the next day, he was called a militant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I know someone who becomes aware of Oakes. His presence in Sonoma County. Is a man named Michael Oliver. Morgan Jason. Who is Michael Oliver Morgan. And how would you describe him?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>Michael Morgan was a fairly typical local white guy of that era and that place in Sonoma. I read out of high school he joined the Army and he served for a couple of years as a military policeman. He was essentially a cop for the army there. Around 1970, he was hired by the Berkeley YMCA, which operated this kind of remote wilderness camp that they mainly used as a summer camp for Bay Area kids up in the Redwood Country in Sonoma. And because it was so far away from Berkeley, the Berkeley, why needed a local person to sort of look after it and keep the boiler running and take care of the horses that they had there and fix pipes and that kind of thing. And Morgan was good at those kinds of tasks. And so they hired him there as the caretaker to look after it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Richard in any live in the Stuart’s point, Rancheria, where is it located and what was the relationship between the camp where Michael Morgan worked and the ranch area?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>So the Stewarts Point Rancheria is about four miles down the road from the camp closer to the coast to about 40 acres. And to compare, the YMCA camp had about 450 acres of beautiful, pristine forest alongside a lovely creek. And the Rancheria, in contrast, didn’t have access to fresh water, so they had to truck it in, actually. And they still do to this day. And I think for a long time there was somewhat of an understanding between the caretakers of the YMCA camp and the people who lived in the Rancheria Canteen was a really important source of food and also just recreation for people living in the ranch area. And I think they were able to kind of traverse on camp lands. And this is this is a wild forest. So, you know, the boundaries are somewhat unclear, but I think they were able to move pretty freely. And our understanding is that once Morgan became the caretaker, that he was just more firm with those boundaries and he didn’t want people trespassing on camp land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>The thing about Morgan is that he was different from other caretakers who had looked after the camp before him. He came in and he he basically viewed everything there is as private property, totally off limits to the shire. And he was willing to enforce that belief with firearms. He kept a lot of guns there. Guns were common in some in that area and I think they still are shotguns, hunting rifles and that kind of thing. He had guns that were not those kinds of guns. He had handguns. He had semi-auto automatic pistols. That wasn’t the kind of thing that had been at the camp before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Coming up, Michael Morgan and Richard Oakes’ first encounter and how it sets the stage for the violence to come. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Jason, Michael Morgan would eventually shoot and kill Richard Oakes on September 20th, 1972, but they’d actually met days before that. As I understand it, it wasn’t a very friendly encounter. How does that first encounter between Michael Morgan and Richard Oakes sort of foreshadow what is to come?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>So six days before the killing, September 14th, 1972, Morgan and his employees at the camp there, they’re at the camp one afternoon, and this 15 year old, a native kid, comes walking down the road. His name is Billy Lazor. He was a mohawk. He had known Richard, Richard and Stanley for a while. He was visiting from the East Coast, from Mohawk territory. And this kid comes walking, walking down the road and Morgan and some boys ask to be still in there. And he doesn’t say. He just says this is Indian land. And any Indian has a right to be here and hunt here. It turns out the kid had been looking for his friends who had gone hunting earlier in the day, thought they might be around there. But Morgan and his camp employees interpreted this says, as some kind of reticence or hostility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>They get into this argument about whether that’s Indian land or not. Pretty soon after that, Richard Oakes pulls up in a car. He’s been out looking for the missing boys, too. He sees this argument happening. He pulls over to see what’s going on. He joins the argument. The argument keeps getting more and more heated. And there are kind of two versions of what happened next. In Morgan’s version, the kid takes out a hunting knife. Richard grabs the knife. Morgan sees him grab the knife. He’s afraid for his safety. He asks Richard to leave. Richard refuses. And so at that point, Morgan picks up a rifle and fires a warning shot at Richard right above his head, booms out. And and then Richard says he’s going to come back and burn down the camp. And then at that point, you hear the kid leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>That’s what Morgan says happened, according to the kid’s version, which he later gave in court and which we think is more credible. What really happened is that Morgan is the one who escalated this argument in this conflict. It was Morgan who started to be hostile to sort of make threatening gestures, say threatening things called Richard Oakes a stupid Indian, according to the kid. And it was Morgan who fired the shot. And it’s only after he fires that the kid takes out the knives because the kid is afraid because now he feels like he’s he’s being attacked. At that point, Richard takes the knife from the kid because he’s trying to de-escalate. He doesn’t want anybody to do anything rash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What evidence is there to show that the latter account from Billy Lazarus is perhaps more credible?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>The FBI ultimately investigated the circumstances of the killing, and they talked to some of Morgan’s own people who were there that night, his own employees, and they took these witness statements. The witness statements are very detailed. And in the witness statements, there are a couple of Morgan’s own people, in other words, people on Morgan’s side who corroborated some of the most important elements of the kids believe the source story. So that’s why we think it’s more credible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Julie, why was this first encounter and in what you would eventually learn about it from some of these FBI documents, why is it important to note and to document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Julie Johnson: \u003c/strong>This first encounter really set the stage for what would happen next? And not only did Michael Morgan fire a warning shot over Richard’s head, but right after that, a sheriff’s deputy came to the scene. Richard and Billy had left. A sheriff’s deputy turns up because somebody at the camp had called and they had this conversation. And Jason was really instrumental in getting these FBI files and getting them unredacted, which was really important to understanding who said what and how. All of this, like, really changes the way you can look at the shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>To me, this is one of the most crucial parts of the story and one of the most important things that we discovered. And it took about a year through the FOI process even to find out where these documents were and to go and to get them unredacted. Because what we found is that the police themselves escalated this conflict. And there’s even evidence that they conspired with Morgan to contemplate the death of Richard Knox and kind of create a space to give a kind of permission that made violence against Richard possible. Because remember, this is six days before the killing. So six days before the killing, the warning shot happens and someone calls the police and then this deputy sheriff shows up, David Craver, who went by the nickname Mike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>And by this point, Richard and Kate have left. It’s just Morgan, his friend. And there’s this white deputy sheriff. And the deputy sheriff is talking to Morgan about what just happened. And Maureen tells them, in the end, the cop says to Morgan, well, why didn’t you just shoot him when you had the chance? I would have shot him when he picked up the knife. After that, this cop said some blatantly racist stuff about Native people. He bragged that he wasn’t afraid of Indians. He said that he kept an M-16 rifle in the trunk of his cop car and that this rifle just loves to eat up Indians. And he said all this stuff in the presence of Morgan, who six days later shoots and kills Richard Oakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jason Fagone: \u003c/strong>So the story of this first incident. Sonoma County police were involved in the conflict in a really fundamental way, but they injected themselves into it, escalated it, and seemed to goad Michael Morgan into violence. Six days later, Morgan shoots and kills Richard Oakes. Maybe it’s not surprising to listeners that a rural cop in the early 1970s would be racist. But to me, this really is shocking because of the specifics and because this information was not available to the public at the time. The story that came out of the trial was not a big story about a moral cause. It was a story of two men getting in an argument on a road in the middle of nowhere and something happening. That story is the wrong story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was San Francisco Chronicle reporters Julie Johnson and Jason Fagone. This is part one of a two part episode on the killing of Richard OakEs. On Wednesday, we’ll hear more from Julie and Jason about the trial of Michael Morgan, how he was found not guilty and the impact the trial still has today. You can read Julie and Jason’s full story for The Chronicle on the true story of Richard Oakes’s death. We’ll leave you a link to that in our shownotes. This conversation was cut down and edited by senior editor Alan Montecillo. Producer Maria Esquinca scored this episode and added all the tape with extra production support from me. Special thanks to San Francisco Chronicle staff photojournalist Brontë Wittpenn. At the top of this episode, you heard from Eloy Martinez, a friend of Richard Oakes. Music courtesy of the Audio Network. Archival footage from the Bay Area Television Archive. The Bay is a production of member supported KQED. I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra. Thanks for listening. Talk to you Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>"
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"slug": "the-theft-of-our-land-in-newsoms-100m-landback-proposal-indigenous-advocates-see-progress-and-they-have-questions",
"title": "'The Theft of Our Land': In Newsom's $100M Landback Proposal, Indigenous Advocates See Progress — and Have Questions",
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"headTitle": "‘The Theft of Our Land’: In Newsom’s $100M Landback Proposal, Indigenous Advocates See Progress — and Have Questions | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Friday proposed giving Native American tribes $100 million to purchase and preserve their ancestral lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"2\">The proposal is part of his pledge to make sure nearly one-third of California’s land and coastal waters are preserved by 2030 — a “\u003ca href=\"//apnews.com/article/us-news-climate-gavin-newsom-california-ca-state-wire-f30ba7e4f969599d8d6cee327de03769\">mandate\u003c/a>,” he says, that’s important for California to reduce the effects of climate change. But rather than have the government do all of that, Newsom said tribal leaders should have a say in which lands get preserved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"3\">“We know that California Native peoples have always had interdependent relations with land, waters, everything that makes up the state of California,” Newsom said. “Unfortunately we also know that the state has had a role in violently disrupting those relations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sharaya Souza, executive director and co-founder, American Indian Cultural District\"]‘It would be great to see funding in San Francisco specifically dedicated to local tribes and urban American Indians so that they have the ability to participate in traditional land stewardship and conservation on a local level.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"4\">“The theft of our land is a huge issue and something that we need to try to contend with to this day,” said LaNada War Jack, an enrolled member of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation in Idaho. War Jack was one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11897041/were-in-a-new-era-on-52nd-anniversary-of-alcatraz-occupation-biden-administration-commits-to-native-american-inclusion\">Native American activists who occupied Alcatraz Island from 1969 to 1971\u003c/a> to bring attention to past and ongoing injustices against Native peoples. The occupation was based on the legal principle of reclaiming abandoned federal lands for Native use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"4\">“You need to have a way of distributing that money to the tribes,” said War Jack of Newsom’s proposal, one piece of his $286.4 billion budget, which would need legislative approval. “Is it going to be all of the California tribes or is it just going to be a certain field? Because then, it might start a controversy of why one tribe was left out and another tribe was acknowledged.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"5\">The funding would not function like a traditional state grant program, where the state decides who gets the money and how they can spend it. Instead, said California Natural Resources Secretary Wade Crowfoot, the administration is “committed to developing a structure or a process where tribes are deciding where these funds are going.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"37\">“There’s so much that we need to learn, obviously, from the tribal communities about how to do this,” Crowfoot said. “We’ve disconnected ourselves from all the tribal ecological knowledge that we need to heal and care for the lands.”[aside postID=\"news_11897041,news_11896047,science_1977456\" label=\"Related Posts\"]The proposal comes amid a growing landback movement to return Native American homelands to the descendants of those who lived there for millennia before European colonizers arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"39\">Aside from buying land, tribes in California could use the money for programs that address climate change and workforce development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"40\">“Nature is needed in this effort to combat climate change,” Crowfoot said during a meeting of the California Truth and Healing Council,\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"//apnews.com/article/california-native-americans-982b507a846a4ad6bc184b3e7f99ec70\" data-reader-unique-id=\"41\">established by Newsom in 2019 to “clarify the record”\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>of the “troubled relationship between tribes and the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"56\">Crowfoot said that preserving land would allow more plants and soil to “actually absorb that pollution from the atmosphere and store it in the land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"57\">Tribal leaders were enthusiastic about Newsom’s proposal, but worried about how it would work in practice. In some cases, tribes have competing claims over the same land. Deciding who would get the money to purchase that land would be difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gov. Newsom’s proposal to give California Native American tribes funding to help support tribal based initiatives around climate change and land conservation is a step in the right direction to give tribes the resources they need to continue their role as traditional stewards of their homelands,” said Sharaya Souza, executive director and co-founder of the American Indian Cultural District in San Francisco in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On a local level, we hear about land acknowledgements, through the Human Rights Commission, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, the Department of Environment, and many other San Francisco-based organizations and commissions,” said Souza. “What you don’t hear about is the actual land return or the necessary resources being allocated to the Ramaytush Ohlone or local American Indian community to address traditional stewardship, climate change, and land conservation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Souza said that while the $100 million in proposed funding is a “great starting point,” it won’t make up for the generations of tribes being removed from their homelands, and won’t be enough funding for all the 109 federally recognized tribes in California to be able to buy back some of their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, the American Indian Cultural District, the Association of Ramaytush Ohlone, and the Cultural Conservancy partnered with the San Francisco Department of the Environment to advocate for traditional ecological knowledge, tribal consultation, and traditional stewardship programs within \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/All-Programs/Climate-Change-Program/Climate-Action-Plan\">California’s Climate Action Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be great to see funding in San Francisco specifically dedicated to local tribes and urban American Indians so that they have the ability to participate in traditional land stewardship and conservation on a local level,” said Souza. “When we hear about state and federal funding allocations for tribes, people often forget that nearly 90% of the American Indian population in California resides in urban areas [\u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/history/pdf/c2010br-10.pdf\">according to the 2010 census\u003c/a>].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"43\">Kouslaa Kessler-Mata, a member of the Truth and Healing Council, said the state needed to have a policy in place to resolve conflicts among tribes “so that we don’t just wake up one day and say, ‘Oh, guess what? Right now, that land that you thought was in your ancestral territory is now being acquired by someone else.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"44\">Caleen Sisk, spiritual leader and tribal chief of the Winnemem Wintu Tribe, noted that some tribes — such as hers, and the Ramaytush Ohlone — are not recognized by the federal government and have fewer resources than other tribes that are federally recognized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"45\">“We’re not in any position to really compete with them for a grant,” she said.\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"53\">Crowfoot said he did not have a “quick and easy answer” to some of the council’s concerns. He said ultimately the state will need “some sort of consultative body to help us shape this funding to be able to work through that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez and Spencer Whitney contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Gov. Gavin Newsom has proposed giving Native American tribes $100 million so they can purchase and preserve their ancestral lands. The proposal is part of his pledge to preserve nearly one-third of California's land and coastal waters by 2030.",
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"title": "'The Theft of Our Land': In Newsom's $100M Landback Proposal, Indigenous Advocates See Progress — and Have Questions | KQED",
"description": "Gov. Gavin Newsom has proposed giving Native American tribes $100 million so they can purchase and preserve their ancestral lands. The proposal is part of his pledge to preserve nearly one-third of California's land and coastal waters by 2030.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Friday proposed giving Native American tribes $100 million to purchase and preserve their ancestral lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"2\">The proposal is part of his pledge to make sure nearly one-third of California’s land and coastal waters are preserved by 2030 — a “\u003ca href=\"//apnews.com/article/us-news-climate-gavin-newsom-california-ca-state-wire-f30ba7e4f969599d8d6cee327de03769\">mandate\u003c/a>,” he says, that’s important for California to reduce the effects of climate change. But rather than have the government do all of that, Newsom said tribal leaders should have a say in which lands get preserved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"3\">“We know that California Native peoples have always had interdependent relations with land, waters, everything that makes up the state of California,” Newsom said. “Unfortunately we also know that the state has had a role in violently disrupting those relations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘It would be great to see funding in San Francisco specifically dedicated to local tribes and urban American Indians so that they have the ability to participate in traditional land stewardship and conservation on a local level.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"4\">“The theft of our land is a huge issue and something that we need to try to contend with to this day,” said LaNada War Jack, an enrolled member of the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Indian Reservation in Idaho. War Jack was one of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11897041/were-in-a-new-era-on-52nd-anniversary-of-alcatraz-occupation-biden-administration-commits-to-native-american-inclusion\">Native American activists who occupied Alcatraz Island from 1969 to 1971\u003c/a> to bring attention to past and ongoing injustices against Native peoples. The occupation was based on the legal principle of reclaiming abandoned federal lands for Native use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"4\">“You need to have a way of distributing that money to the tribes,” said War Jack of Newsom’s proposal, one piece of his $286.4 billion budget, which would need legislative approval. “Is it going to be all of the California tribes or is it just going to be a certain field? Because then, it might start a controversy of why one tribe was left out and another tribe was acknowledged.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"5\">The funding would not function like a traditional state grant program, where the state decides who gets the money and how they can spend it. Instead, said California Natural Resources Secretary Wade Crowfoot, the administration is “committed to developing a structure or a process where tribes are deciding where these funds are going.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"37\">“There’s so much that we need to learn, obviously, from the tribal communities about how to do this,” Crowfoot said. “We’ve disconnected ourselves from all the tribal ecological knowledge that we need to heal and care for the lands.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The proposal comes amid a growing landback movement to return Native American homelands to the descendants of those who lived there for millennia before European colonizers arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"39\">Aside from buying land, tribes in California could use the money for programs that address climate change and workforce development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"40\">“Nature is needed in this effort to combat climate change,” Crowfoot said during a meeting of the California Truth and Healing Council,\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"//apnews.com/article/california-native-americans-982b507a846a4ad6bc184b3e7f99ec70\" data-reader-unique-id=\"41\">established by Newsom in 2019 to “clarify the record”\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>of the “troubled relationship between tribes and the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"56\">Crowfoot said that preserving land would allow more plants and soil to “actually absorb that pollution from the atmosphere and store it in the land.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"57\">Tribal leaders were enthusiastic about Newsom’s proposal, but worried about how it would work in practice. In some cases, tribes have competing claims over the same land. Deciding who would get the money to purchase that land would be difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gov. Newsom’s proposal to give California Native American tribes funding to help support tribal based initiatives around climate change and land conservation is a step in the right direction to give tribes the resources they need to continue their role as traditional stewards of their homelands,” said Sharaya Souza, executive director and co-founder of the American Indian Cultural District in San Francisco in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On a local level, we hear about land acknowledgements, through the Human Rights Commission, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, the Department of Environment, and many other San Francisco-based organizations and commissions,” said Souza. “What you don’t hear about is the actual land return or the necessary resources being allocated to the Ramaytush Ohlone or local American Indian community to address traditional stewardship, climate change, and land conservation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Souza said that while the $100 million in proposed funding is a “great starting point,” it won’t make up for the generations of tribes being removed from their homelands, and won’t be enough funding for all the 109 federally recognized tribes in California to be able to buy back some of their land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, the American Indian Cultural District, the Association of Ramaytush Ohlone, and the Cultural Conservancy partnered with the San Francisco Department of the Environment to advocate for traditional ecological knowledge, tribal consultation, and traditional stewardship programs within \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/All-Programs/Climate-Change-Program/Climate-Action-Plan\">California’s Climate Action Plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be great to see funding in San Francisco specifically dedicated to local tribes and urban American Indians so that they have the ability to participate in traditional land stewardship and conservation on a local level,” said Souza. “When we hear about state and federal funding allocations for tribes, people often forget that nearly 90% of the American Indian population in California resides in urban areas [\u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/history/pdf/c2010br-10.pdf\">according to the 2010 census\u003c/a>].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"43\">Kouslaa Kessler-Mata, a member of the Truth and Healing Council, said the state needed to have a policy in place to resolve conflicts among tribes “so that we don’t just wake up one day and say, ‘Oh, guess what? Right now, that land that you thought was in your ancestral territory is now being acquired by someone else.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"44\">Caleen Sisk, spiritual leader and tribal chief of the Winnemem Wintu Tribe, noted that some tribes — such as hers, and the Ramaytush Ohlone — are not recognized by the federal government and have fewer resources than other tribes that are federally recognized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"45\">“We’re not in any position to really compete with them for a grant,” she said.\u003cspan class=\"apple-converted-space\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-reader-unique-id=\"53\">Crowfoot said he did not have a “quick and easy answer” to some of the council’s concerns. He said ultimately the state will need “some sort of consultative body to help us shape this funding to be able to work through that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez and Spencer Whitney contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Rare Rose Rediscovered on Alcatraz 30 Years Ago Teaches Resilience Today",
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"content": "\u003cp>Even on the brightest of blue sky days, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/alca/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alcatraz Island\u003c/a> looks ominous, gray and imposing. The crumbling former federal penitentiary is the last place on Earth you’d expect a gorgeous flower to flourish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while many of The Rock’s indoor spaces — notably the infamous cellblock — are off-limits to visitors right now owing to COVID-19-related health and safety restrictions, its craggy outdoor landscape is full of unexpected finds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among them is a rare and tenacious rose. It’s blooming right now in the Rose Garden, a lesser-known corner of the island that visitors can for the first time explore freely, instead of only on a docent-led tour. And this rose has a remarkable story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bardou Job has big, bright red petals. It’s a cultivated variety (or “cultivar”) that originated in France in the 1880s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t really know who brought it here,” said Shelagh Fritz, \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alcatraz Gardens program manager\u003c/span>. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A likely candidate could be James Johnston, the first and longest-serving warden of Alcatraz. By all accounts, the man had a thing for roses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnston grew the flowers by his house in the 1930s and 40s. By then, Alcatraz had a long tradition of gardening; according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/getinvolved/supportyourpark/upload/garden_prospectus.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Park Service\u003c/a>, the first records of a formal garden on Alcatraz are images of a Victorian garden taken in 1870, and by\u003cspan class=\"x_apple-converted-space\"> 1881, \u003c/span>gardening had become an important aspect of daily life for officer’s families and inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fritz said the gardens fell into disrepair and the roses withered and died off after the prison closed down in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bardou Job was considered extinct at the time,” Fritz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 1990, when a group of Bay Area heritage rose enthusiasts came to Alcatraz in search of rare species, that the long-lost flower was spotted peeping through a thicket of blackberries near the derelict warden’s house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847115\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11847115 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bardou Job rose was rediscovered by a group of Bay Area heritage rose experts while exploring Alcatraz in 1990. \u003ccite>(Alison Taggart-Barone / Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At first, rose expert Gregg Lowery didn’t know if he’d stumbled upon anything special.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For all intents and purposes, it looked like a common hybrid tea rose,” said Lowery, who curates a historic rose collection, \u003ca href=\"http://thefriendsofvintageroses.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Friends of Vintage Roses\u003c/a>, in Sebastopol. “But it turned out to be something much more exotic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After careful analysis, Lowery and his team identified the rose as the long-lost Bardou Job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It survived 40 years of neglect with no one caring for it,” Fritz said. “Roses are actually a lot hardier than people give them credit for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, thousands of miles away in the United Kingdom, curators at the \u003ca href=\"https://museum.wales/stfagans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">St. Fagans National Museum of History\u003c/a> in Wales (then called the Museum of Welsh Life at St Fagans) were searching high and low for the Bardou Job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rose had once flourished on the museum grounds. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After a more than hundred-year absence, they wanted to bring it back.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Gregg Lowery']‘For all intents and purposes, it looked like a common hybrid tea rose. … But it turned out to be something much more exotic.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lowery said an early website — \u003ca href=\"https://www.helpmefind.com/roses/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Help Me Find Roses\u003c/a> — helped the museum track the flower down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was essentially a cross-referenced encyclopedia of roses with input from the public and with listings of nurseries and so forth,” Lowery said. “They were able to find us through that.\u003ci>“\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Lowery sent a clipping of the Bardou Job to Wales. (\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While it is illegal to remove any plants, flowers, or other landscape artifacts from a National Park, there are special collection permits that the National Park Service grants on occasion.)\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, he said, the rose has been sighted in many places across the globe. Lowery mentioned another rose, the Black Boy, which is closely related to the Bardou Job and can sometimes be mistaken for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, the return of the rose to the museum, if this \u003ca href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/948871.stm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BBC article\u003c/a> from 2000 is anything to go by, has been a point of pride for the Welsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I can confirm that the Bardou Job rose is still at the National Museum of History,” said \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Janet Wilding, head of the historic buildings unit at the National Museum Wales, of which the history museum is a part, in an email to KQED. “It is\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the rosery and is still going strong.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To find out more about the many different species of flower growing on Alcatraz, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery.htm?pg=332523&id=EB5DDC02-155D-4519-3EE686FB0E778540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To find out more about visiting Alcatraz, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/escape-to-alcatraz?gclid=CjwKCAiA17P9BRB2EiwAMvwNyMXI7Odf9mIpxPwLron_AaZehSmu2mScbIt8cp_ZEMvDKCaxy6OoNBoCb94QAvD_BwE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A group of Bay Area rose experts rediscovered the Bardou Job rose, once thought extinct, 30 years ago. Now visitors to Alcatraz can visit this rare red-petaled bloom for the first time without taking a docent-led tour.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Even on the brightest of blue sky days, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/alca/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Alcatraz Island\u003c/a> looks ominous, gray and imposing. The crumbling former federal penitentiary is the last place on Earth you’d expect a gorgeous flower to flourish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while many of The Rock’s indoor spaces — notably the infamous cellblock — are off-limits to visitors right now owing to COVID-19-related health and safety restrictions, its craggy outdoor landscape is full of unexpected finds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among them is a rare and tenacious rose. It’s blooming right now in the Rose Garden, a lesser-known corner of the island that visitors can for the first time explore freely, instead of only on a docent-led tour. And this rose has a remarkable story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bardou Job has big, bright red petals. It’s a cultivated variety (or “cultivar”) that originated in France in the 1880s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t really know who brought it here,” said Shelagh Fritz, \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alcatraz Gardens program manager\u003c/span>. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A likely candidate could be James Johnston, the first and longest-serving warden of Alcatraz. By all accounts, the man had a thing for roses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnston grew the flowers by his house in the 1930s and 40s. By then, Alcatraz had a long tradition of gardening; according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/getinvolved/supportyourpark/upload/garden_prospectus.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Park Service\u003c/a>, the first records of a formal garden on Alcatraz are images of a Victorian garden taken in 1870, and by\u003cspan class=\"x_apple-converted-space\"> 1881, \u003c/span>gardening had become an important aspect of daily life for officer’s families and inmates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fritz said the gardens fell into disrepair and the roses withered and died off after the prison closed down in 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Bardou Job was considered extinct at the time,” Fritz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 1990, when a group of Bay Area heritage rose enthusiasts came to Alcatraz in search of rare species, that the long-lost flower was spotted peeping through a thicket of blackberries near the derelict warden’s house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847115\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11847115 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/RS45901_ALCA_20181008_ATB_464-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bardou Job rose was rediscovered by a group of Bay Area heritage rose experts while exploring Alcatraz in 1990. \u003ccite>(Alison Taggart-Barone / Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At first, rose expert Gregg Lowery didn’t know if he’d stumbled upon anything special.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For all intents and purposes, it looked like a common hybrid tea rose,” said Lowery, who curates a historic rose collection, \u003ca href=\"http://thefriendsofvintageroses.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Friends of Vintage Roses\u003c/a>, in Sebastopol. “But it turned out to be something much more exotic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After careful analysis, Lowery and his team identified the rose as the long-lost Bardou Job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It survived 40 years of neglect with no one caring for it,” Fritz said. “Roses are actually a lot hardier than people give them credit for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, thousands of miles away in the United Kingdom, curators at the \u003ca href=\"https://museum.wales/stfagans/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">St. Fagans National Museum of History\u003c/a> in Wales (then called the Museum of Welsh Life at St Fagans) were searching high and low for the Bardou Job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rose had once flourished on the museum grounds. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After a more than hundred-year absence, they wanted to bring it back.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lowery said an early website — \u003ca href=\"https://www.helpmefind.com/roses/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Help Me Find Roses\u003c/a> — helped the museum track the flower down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was essentially a cross-referenced encyclopedia of roses with input from the public and with listings of nurseries and so forth,” Lowery said. “They were able to find us through that.\u003ci>“\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Lowery sent a clipping of the Bardou Job to Wales. (\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While it is illegal to remove any plants, flowers, or other landscape artifacts from a National Park, there are special collection permits that the National Park Service grants on occasion.)\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, he said, the rose has been sighted in many places across the globe. Lowery mentioned another rose, the Black Boy, which is closely related to the Bardou Job and can sometimes be mistaken for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, the return of the rose to the museum, if this \u003ca href=\"http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/948871.stm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">BBC article\u003c/a> from 2000 is anything to go by, has been a point of pride for the Welsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I can confirm that the Bardou Job rose is still at the National Museum of History,” said \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Janet Wilding, head of the historic buildings unit at the National Museum Wales, of which the history museum is a part, in an email to KQED. “It is\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the rosery and is still going strong.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To find out more about the many different species of flower growing on Alcatraz, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery.htm?pg=332523&id=EB5DDC02-155D-4519-3EE686FB0E778540\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To find out more about visiting Alcatraz, click \u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/escape-to-alcatraz?gclid=CjwKCAiA17P9BRB2EiwAMvwNyMXI7Odf9mIpxPwLron_AaZehSmu2mScbIt8cp_ZEMvDKCaxy6OoNBoCb94QAvD_BwE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "A Look Back at the Occupation of Alcatraz, 51 Years Later",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>This story was originally published in 2019\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October 2019, Native people from across the West Coast gathered in San Francisco to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/10/22/us/occupation-alcatraz.html?auth=login-smartlock\">ceremonial canoe journey\u003c/a> around Alcatraz Island. Each canoe represented a territory, tribe, community or family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s honoring the Native people. They took care of the earth and we’re still here,” said Ruth Orta, an elder with the Him’re-n Ohlone tribe. “We haven’t gone anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The occupation changed government policy forever and remains a blueprint for activism by Native Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/U9sBk8Stms4\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Looking Back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The occupation of Alcatraz began on Nov. 20, 1969, when a group of Native American students, calling themselves the Indians of All Tribes, landed on Alcatraz Island. They wanted to return the land to native ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel that if we are going to succeed, we must hold on to the old ways,” read the Indians of All Tribes’ call to action. “This is the first and most important reason we went to Alcatraz Island.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcatraz was owned by the federal government, but the land hadn’t been used since the Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary closed in 1963. Native protesters argued that meant the island was theirs, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Fort_Laramie_(1851)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Treaty of Fort Laramie\u003c/a>. It said any land abandoned by the federal government should be returned to the natives who once occupied it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters hoped the land would help their community gather and grow stronger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848783\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848783\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An image circa 1970 of the sign that originally read ‘United States Penitentiary’ and was painted over to read ‘United Indian Property’ during the occupation of Alcatraz. \u003ccite>(Golden Gate Park Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The idea was to have cultural centers,” said Eloy Martinez, a Southern Ute tribe elder who participated in the occupation in 1969. “The idea was for sovereignty, education. All those things that seemed easy for other people to get that we never have. Those were the things that the idea was about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were 400 protesters on the island at the peak of the occupation. The protest gained lots of attention from the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like many other movements, the occupation also saw its share of obstacles. As the months passed, some student protesters left to return to school. Then Native Americans began complaining about freelance photographers and hippies making messes and eating their food. Drugs and alcohol also made their way into the hands of some occupants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, a child fell to her death on a prison stairwell. The government cut off power to the island, and weeks later a fire destroyed a few historic buildings on the island. In June 1971, armed federal marshals forcibly removed the last of the Alcatraz residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The occupation lasted 19 months and is still recognized as one of the most important actions in contemporary Native American civil rights history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It raised national consciousness, and universities around the country began to study Native American heritage. That event also created a network of activists and has been an inspiration for subsequent generations of activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year celebrations commemorating this event will last as long as the occupation did. The next event is the Alcatraz Sunrise Ceremony on Thanksgiving Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>This story was originally published in 2019\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October 2019, Native people from across the West Coast gathered in San Francisco to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/10/22/us/occupation-alcatraz.html?auth=login-smartlock\">ceremonial canoe journey\u003c/a> around Alcatraz Island. Each canoe represented a territory, tribe, community or family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s honoring the Native people. They took care of the earth and we’re still here,” said Ruth Orta, an elder with the Him’re-n Ohlone tribe. “We haven’t gone anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The occupation changed government policy forever and remains a blueprint for activism by Native Americans.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9sBk8Stms4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9sBk8Stms4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>Looking Back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The occupation of Alcatraz began on Nov. 20, 1969, when a group of Native American students, calling themselves the Indians of All Tribes, landed on Alcatraz Island. They wanted to return the land to native ownership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel that if we are going to succeed, we must hold on to the old ways,” read the Indians of All Tribes’ call to action. “This is the first and most important reason we went to Alcatraz Island.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcatraz was owned by the federal government, but the land hadn’t been used since the Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary closed in 1963. Native protesters argued that meant the island was theirs, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Fort_Laramie_(1851)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Treaty of Fort Laramie\u003c/a>. It said any land abandoned by the federal government should be returned to the natives who once occupied it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters hoped the land would help their community gather and grow stronger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848783\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848783\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Alcatraz-Indian-Land-1020x574-1-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An image circa 1970 of the sign that originally read ‘United States Penitentiary’ and was painted over to read ‘United Indian Property’ during the occupation of Alcatraz. \u003ccite>(Golden Gate Park Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The idea was to have cultural centers,” said Eloy Martinez, a Southern Ute tribe elder who participated in the occupation in 1969. “The idea was for sovereignty, education. All those things that seemed easy for other people to get that we never have. Those were the things that the idea was about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were 400 protesters on the island at the peak of the occupation. The protest gained lots of attention from the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like many other movements, the occupation also saw its share of obstacles. As the months passed, some student protesters left to return to school. Then Native Americans began complaining about freelance photographers and hippies making messes and eating their food. Drugs and alcohol also made their way into the hands of some occupants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, a child fell to her death on a prison stairwell. The government cut off power to the island, and weeks later a fire destroyed a few historic buildings on the island. In June 1971, armed federal marshals forcibly removed the last of the Alcatraz residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The occupation lasted 19 months and is still recognized as one of the most important actions in contemporary Native American civil rights history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It raised national consciousness, and universities around the country began to study Native American heritage. That event also created a network of activists and has been an inspiration for subsequent generations of activists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year celebrations commemorating this event will last as long as the occupation did. The next event is the Alcatraz Sunrise Ceremony on Thanksgiving Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This month marks the 50th \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13870041/alcatraz-occupation-50\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anniversary of the occupation\u003c/a> of Alcatraz, when a group of Native Americans landed on the San Francisco Bay island, launching a 19-month occupation based on an established legal principle of reclaiming abandoned federal lands for Native use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, for the next 19 months — the same amount of time that the Indians of All Tribes called the island home — an exhibition in the New Industries Building on that occupation, titled \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/red-power-on-alcatraz.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Red Power on Alcatraz\u003c/a>: Perspectives 50 Years Later,\" will be open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the cliffside building was more than a gallery in recent days. It was a site of reunion, reflection and celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The events commemorating the occupation on Saturday included an opening prayer and dedication to the exhibit by Geneva Seaboy, an original occupier. She thanked the National Park Service, which she called \"instrumental in putting the exhibit together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788400\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11788400 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elaine Duncan (left) and Geneva Seaboy (seated) watch a slideshow of photos taken by Brooks Townes, a sailor who brought the first organizers to the island and also was one of the first to photograph the occupation. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788375\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788375\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teepee erected in the New Industries Building for the Red Power exhibition. Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Exhibitors Ilka Hartmann, Stephen Shames and Kent Blansett were present for the display to answer questions. Blansett and Dr. LaNada War Jack, another original occupier, gave presentations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788423\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11788423 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kent Blansett, an associate professor of history and Native American Studies at the University of Nebraska at Omaha and a descendant of Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Shawnee and Potawatomi, speaks at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Blansett's display, \"Not Your Indians Anymore,\" features ephemera, original artifacts and rare media from his personal collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788365\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11788365 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray St. Clair (Whitehawk) of White Earth, Minnesota, Ojibwe/Eagle Clan, wrapped in his Nation's flag, watches a video from Kent Blansett's display at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788374\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788374\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original poster made by artist Joseph \"Indian Joe\" Morris (Blackfeet) featured at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788379\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788379\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ilka Hartmann sitting in front of one of her photographs at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788373\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788373\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors look at large photographs taken by Ilka Hartmann at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>David Leach, who was the first to set foot on the island as an occupier, brought his son, Dana (Joe) Leach, to Alcatraz for the first time for the anniversary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I never came here before because I couldn't afford it,\" Joe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some photos of Joe's grandmother, Stella Means, who was a nurse on the island during the occupation, are in the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788372\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788372\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Leach (Colville/Sioux) of Nespelem, poses in cell 13 in cell block A in Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of the event, Mutsun-Ohlone educator, singer and activist Kanyon Sayers-Roods read a letter written by her Ohlone relatives, whose ancestral land Alcatraz belongs to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter said: \"Those on Alcatraz say they speak for all Indian people everywhere, but they do not... There is not one Ohlone Indian among those now on Alcatraz island.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sayers-Roods said that although she supports the occupation herself, she chose to read the letter to honor the history and acknowledge differing perspectives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I will do as much as I can for as long as I can, whenever I can and wherever I can, to honor truth in history and to be a good ancestor-in-training,\" said Sayers-Roods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788378\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788378\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kanyon Sayers-Roods (Ohlone/Chumash) speaks during the Red Power exhibit at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The 19-month exhibition on Alcatraz mirrors the length of time the island was occupied by Native Americans in 1969.",
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"title": "PHOTOS: Alcatraz Occupation to Dedication, Different Time ... Same Place | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This month marks the 50th \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13870041/alcatraz-occupation-50\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anniversary of the occupation\u003c/a> of Alcatraz, when a group of Native Americans landed on the San Francisco Bay island, launching a 19-month occupation based on an established legal principle of reclaiming abandoned federal lands for Native use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, for the next 19 months — the same amount of time that the Indians of All Tribes called the island home — an exhibition in the New Industries Building on that occupation, titled \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/red-power-on-alcatraz.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Red Power on Alcatraz\u003c/a>: Perspectives 50 Years Later,\" will be open to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the cliffside building was more than a gallery in recent days. It was a site of reunion, reflection and celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The events commemorating the occupation on Saturday included an opening prayer and dedication to the exhibit by Geneva Seaboy, an original occupier. She thanked the National Park Service, which she called \"instrumental in putting the exhibit together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788400\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11788400 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7019-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Elaine Duncan (left) and Geneva Seaboy (seated) watch a slideshow of photos taken by Brooks Townes, a sailor who brought the first organizers to the island and also was one of the first to photograph the occupation. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788375\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788375\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7146-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teepee erected in the New Industries Building for the Red Power exhibition. Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Exhibitors Ilka Hartmann, Stephen Shames and Kent Blansett were present for the display to answer questions. Blansett and Dr. LaNada War Jack, another original occupier, gave presentations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788423\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11788423 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7125-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kent Blansett, an associate professor of history and Native American Studies at the University of Nebraska at Omaha and a descendant of Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Shawnee and Potawatomi, speaks at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Blansett's display, \"Not Your Indians Anymore,\" features ephemera, original artifacts and rare media from his personal collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788365\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11788365 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7003-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray St. Clair (Whitehawk) of White Earth, Minnesota, Ojibwe/Eagle Clan, wrapped in his Nation's flag, watches a video from Kent Blansett's display at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788374\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788374\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7122-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An original poster made by artist Joseph \"Indian Joe\" Morris (Blackfeet) featured at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788379\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788379\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7202-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ilka Hartmann sitting in front of one of her photographs at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788373\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788373\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7119-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors look at large photographs taken by Ilka Hartmann at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>David Leach, who was the first to set foot on the island as an occupier, brought his son, Dana (Joe) Leach, to Alcatraz for the first time for the anniversary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I never came here before because I couldn't afford it,\" Joe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some photos of Joe's grandmother, Stella Means, who was a nurse on the island during the occupation, are in the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788372\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788372\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7088-1920x1282.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Leach (Colville/Sioux) of Nespelem, poses in cell 13 in cell block A in Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of the event, Mutsun-Ohlone educator, singer and activist Kanyon Sayers-Roods read a letter written by her Ohlone relatives, whose ancestral land Alcatraz belongs to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter said: \"Those on Alcatraz say they speak for all Indian people everywhere, but they do not... There is not one Ohlone Indian among those now on Alcatraz island.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sayers-Roods said that although she supports the occupation herself, she chose to read the letter to honor the history and acknowledge differing perspectives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I will do as much as I can for as long as I can, whenever I can and wherever I can, to honor truth in history and to be a good ancestor-in-training,\" said Sayers-Roods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11788378\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11788378\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-1200x801.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/DSC7187-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kanyon Sayers-Roods (Ohlone/Chumash) speaks during the Red Power exhibit at Alcatraz on Nov. 23, 2019. \u003ccite>(Stephanie Lister/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Democratic Debate and Second Week of Impeachment Hearings\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, 10 candidates faced off for a Democratic presidential debate held in Atlanta. Reflecting his surge in the polls, South Bend Mayor Pete Buttigieg came under fire for his political inexperience, while California Sen. Kamala Harris tried to regain momentum in her flagging campaign. Meanwhile, on Capitol Hill, House Democrats heard from nine witnesses this week in their impeachment investigation of President Trump. Ambassador to the European Union Gordon Sondland and former White House adviser Fiona Hill were among those who testified. Sondland said that there was, in fact, a quid pro quo for the release of military aid to Ukraine, while Hill characterized the pressure campaign as a “domestic political errand” being run by Sondland and other White House officials.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Garofoli, senior political writer, San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aimee Allison, founder and president, She the People\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Latest PG&E Power Shutoff\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, utility giant PG&E began shutting off power to customers in parts of 11 counties in Northern California, including Napa and Sonoma. PG&E had earlier warned that the outages could affect 300,000 customers, but changing weather conditions ultimately left only about 50,000 customers without power this week. It’s the second consecutive month that PG&E has preemptively cut off power to avoid sparking a wildfire with its equipment during dry and gusty winds. On Monday, lawmakers in Sacramento called executives from the state’s three largest investor-owned utilities, including PG&E, to testify about the impact from last month’s power outages. At the hearing, PG&E CEO Bill Johnson said the shutoffs are “not a sustainable solution” to the threat of wildfires, which have become more intense and deadly in recent years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dan Brekke, KQED reporter and editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alcatraz Occupation Anniversary\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wednesday marked the 50th anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz Island by Native American students and community leaders. Calling themselves the “Indians of All Tribes,” the group of 89 activists took over the former penitentiary to protest unjust federal policies against Native Americans, including relocation and termination of sovereign tribal rights. The occupation ended when armed federal marshals raided the island 19 months later in June 1971. Today, a new generation of activists is commemorating this historic takeover and affirming why, in the words of one of the occupation’s leaders, Alcatraz is an idea, not an island.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Eloy Martinez, Native American activist \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Democratic Debate and Second Week of Impeachment Hearings\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, 10 candidates faced off for a Democratic presidential debate held in Atlanta. Reflecting his surge in the polls, South Bend Mayor Pete Buttigieg came under fire for his political inexperience, while California Sen. Kamala Harris tried to regain momentum in her flagging campaign. Meanwhile, on Capitol Hill, House Democrats heard from nine witnesses this week in their impeachment investigation of President Trump. Ambassador to the European Union Gordon Sondland and former White House adviser Fiona Hill were among those who testified. Sondland said that there was, in fact, a quid pro quo for the release of military aid to Ukraine, while Hill characterized the pressure campaign as a “domestic political errand” being run by Sondland and other White House officials.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Joe Garofoli, senior political writer, San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aimee Allison, founder and president, She the People\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Latest PG&E Power Shutoff\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On Wednesday, utility giant PG&E began shutting off power to customers in parts of 11 counties in Northern California, including Napa and Sonoma. PG&E had earlier warned that the outages could affect 300,000 customers, but changing weather conditions ultimately left only about 50,000 customers without power this week. It’s the second consecutive month that PG&E has preemptively cut off power to avoid sparking a wildfire with its equipment during dry and gusty winds. On Monday, lawmakers in Sacramento called executives from the state’s three largest investor-owned utilities, including PG&E, to testify about the impact from last month’s power outages. At the hearing, PG&E CEO Bill Johnson said the shutoffs are “not a sustainable solution” to the threat of wildfires, which have become more intense and deadly in recent years. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guest:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dan Brekke, KQED reporter and editor\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alcatraz Occupation Anniversary\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wednesday marked the 50th anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz Island by Native American students and community leaders. Calling themselves the “Indians of All Tribes,” the group of 89 activists took over the former penitentiary to protest unjust federal policies against Native Americans, including relocation and termination of sovereign tribal rights. The occupation ended when armed federal marshals raided the island 19 months later in June 1971. Today, a new generation of activists is commemorating this historic takeover and affirming why, in the words of one of the occupation’s leaders, Alcatraz is an idea, not an island.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "'We're Still Here': Canoe Journey to Alcatraz to Remember the Native American Occupation 50 Years Ago",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Monday, Native people from across the West Coast gathered in San Francisco for a ceremonial canoe journey to Alcatraz Island. Each canoe represented a territory, tribe, community or family. They paddled to celebrate culture and values on Indigenous Peoples’ Day, and to commemorate the 1969 Occupation of Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s honoring the Native people. They took care of the earth and we’re still here,” said Ruth Orta, an elder with the Him’re-n Ohlone tribe. “We haven’t gone anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Occupation of Alcatraz started on Nov. 20, 1969 with a group who called themselves the Indians of All Tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel that if we are going to succeed, we must hold on to the old ways,” read the Indians of All Tribes’ call to action. “This is the first and most important reason we went to Alcatraz Island.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their movement lasted 19 months and gave visibility to broken treaties and a calls for self determination for Native people. The historic event of activism is recognized as one of the most important actions in contemporary Native American history that made strides for American Indian civil rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was to have cultural centers,” said Eloy Martinez, a Southern Ute tribe elder who participated in the occupation in 1969. “The idea was for sovereignty, education. All those things that seemed easy for other people to get that we never have. Those were the things that the idea was about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native families set off on Monday in canoes from San Francisco’s Aquatic Park and paddled out and around Alcatraz Island. Before returning, each family requested permission from Ohlone elders, in tradition, to come ashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about the canoe journey to Alcatraz and hear history of the occupation, listen to this episode by clicking the play button above or finding this episode on your favorite podcast app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cem>Subscribe to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">The Bay\u003c/a> to hear more local, Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">Stitcher\u003c/a>, NPR One, or via \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">Alexa\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Monday, Native people from across the West Coast gathered in San Francisco for a ceremonial canoe journey to Alcatraz Island. Each canoe represented a territory, tribe, community or family. They paddled to celebrate culture and values on Indigenous Peoples’ Day, and to commemorate the 1969 Occupation of Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s honoring the Native people. They took care of the earth and we’re still here,” said Ruth Orta, an elder with the Him’re-n Ohlone tribe. “We haven’t gone anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Occupation of Alcatraz started on Nov. 20, 1969 with a group who called themselves the Indians of All Tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel that if we are going to succeed, we must hold on to the old ways,” read the Indians of All Tribes’ call to action. “This is the first and most important reason we went to Alcatraz Island.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their movement lasted 19 months and gave visibility to broken treaties and a calls for self determination for Native people. The historic event of activism is recognized as one of the most important actions in contemporary Native American history that made strides for American Indian civil rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea was to have cultural centers,” said Eloy Martinez, a Southern Ute tribe elder who participated in the occupation in 1969. “The idea was for sovereignty, education. All those things that seemed easy for other people to get that we never have. Those were the things that the idea was about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native families set off on Monday in canoes from San Francisco’s Aquatic Park and paddled out and around Alcatraz Island. Before returning, each family requested permission from Ohlone elders, in tradition, to come ashore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about the canoe journey to Alcatraz and hear history of the occupation, listen to this episode by clicking the play button above or finding this episode on your favorite podcast app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cem>Subscribe to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">The Bay\u003c/a> to hear more local, Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">Spotify\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">Stitcher\u003c/a>, NPR One, or via \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">Alexa\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "The Iconic Bay Area Spots That Locals Don't Visit (According to You)",
"title": "The Iconic Bay Area Spots That Locals Don't Visit (According to You)",
"headTitle": "Bay Curious | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>We at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> often focus on the lesser-known corners of the Bay Area when we answer your questions about the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet for those who grew up here, it's often the most famous attractions — the ones tourists travel continents to see — that for whatever reason, people have just never visited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]So we asked locals on social media, \"What 'iconic' Bay Area destination/landmark have you never set foot in?\" and hundreds of you responded across \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQED/status/1126954831527026688\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/BxaaUGxhVSf/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Instagram\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/KQED/posts/10155938030646191?__tn__=-R\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/bokbkq/people_who_grew_up_in_the_bay_area_what_iconic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for the local attractions that many Bay Area born-and-bred folks simply don't go to. And, if this inspires you to finally take the plunge and check them out, we've got tips on making your first visit to these places.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Winner: Alcatraz\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748223\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11748223 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Why would anyone want to visit a federal prison?\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Why would anyone want to visit a federal prison? \u003ccite>(Tylerjswenson/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hands down, Alcatraz Island and its infamous former federal penitentiary was the answer we heard most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MadRiddance/status/1127283787149131776\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people said they'd visited Alcatraz as a child with their school but hadn't returned as adults. Several commenters also wondered why anyone would \u003cem>want\u003c/em> to visit a prison, even a decommissioned one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reason, based on the overwhelming response, \"never visiting Alcatraz\" might have to join saying \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10649552/the-origins-of-hella\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\"hella\"\u003c/a> as indisputable proof of ones Bay Area credentials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> Be sure to plan ahead. \u003ca href=\"https://www.alcatrazcruises.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tickets to Alcatraz\u003c/a> go on sale 90 days ahead of time, and they often sell out weeks in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Riding a Cable Car\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-800x570.jpg\" alt=\"Cable cars have been roaming San Francisco streets for more than a century, but a lot of locals have never taken a ride.\" width=\"800\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-800x570.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-1200x855.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-1920x1368.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cable cars have been roaming San Francisco streets for more than a century, but a lot of locals have never taken a ride. \u003ccite>(Jamie Squire/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/annwhidden/status/1126970365178044416\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> You can use your Clipper card or the MuniMobile app to take your inaugural ride. Otherwise be sure you have the single-ride fare of $7 \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/getting-around/muni/cable-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in exact change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another tip: if you're at a super busy stop with a long line — like the Powell Street turnaround — try walking up a stop or two for a much better chance of climbing aboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Walking the Golden Gate Bridge\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Check the weather before you head out or you might end up taking a foggy, misty walk across the bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-1920x1283.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Check the weather before you head out or you might end up taking a foggy, misty walk across the bridge. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/tiffanyblu/status/1127035934430490625\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it? \u003c/strong>It may sound obvious, but check the weather on the bridge before you depart to avoid walking 1.7 miles (each way) in a sea of view-less fog. To be totally sure, try consulting a live \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/brchannel/NBC-Bay-Area-Traffic-and-Weather-Live-Web-Cams-Golden-Gate-Bridge-260814771.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bridge traffic cam.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Winchester Mystery House\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut-800x635.jpg\" alt=\"The Winchester Mystery House is such a mystery that plenty of locals have never been.\" width=\"800\" height=\"635\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut-800x635.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut-160x127.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut.jpg 910w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Winchester Mystery House is such a mystery that plenty of locals have never been. \u003ccite>(Gentgeen via Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Kappabear1/status/1127335715958706177\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> On Reddit, user leicanthrope \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/bokbkq/people_who_grew_up_in_the_bay_area_what_iconic/enhkpvu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">offers this advice\u003c/a> for visiting San Jose's notorious \"haunted\" mansion: \"Former guide here... I highly recommend going during the off-season. If you show up during spring break or the summer, they're likely going to be absolutely slammed...During the off season, it's much more comfortable inside the house, the tour guides aren't as fried from giving a ton of tours back-to-back, and you'll likely have a smaller tour group.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Santa Cruz Mystery Spot\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748219\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11748219 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-800x451.jpg\" alt=\"It's a mystery why so many locals have never been to the Mystery Spot in Santa Cruz.\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-1020x575.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-1200x676.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It's a mystery why so many locals have never been to the Mystery Spot in Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Tshrinivasan via Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/twagshot/status/1127027970818727936\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/bokbkq/people_who_grew_up_in_the_bay_area_what_iconic/enhbf22/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">As noted on Reddit\u003c/a>, the wait times to buy tickets to Santa Cruz's self-described \u003ca href=\"https://www.mysteryspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“gravitational anomaly”\u003c/a> (and premier purveyor of bumper stickers) could potentially be long on arrival or even sell out. So consider \u003ca href=\"https://www.mysteryspot.com/buy-tickets-online\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">buying your tickets online\u003c/a> beforehand.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Coit Tower\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-800x565.jpg\" alt=\"You can see it from all over the Bay Area, but how many people who live here have actually been inside Coit Tower?\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-800x565.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-160x113.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-1020x720.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-1200x847.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-1920x1355.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">You can see it from all over the Bay Area, but how many people who live here have actually been inside Coit Tower? \u003ccite>(Jamie Squire/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/sfsportsfan01/status/1126972859824332800\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> You can \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/destination/telegraph-hill-pioneer-park/coit-tower/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">buy your tickets\u003c/a> for the elevator ride to the top ahead of time, and San Francisco residents get a discount. But you don't even need to pay to check out the \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/destination/telegraph-hill-pioneer-park/coit-tower/\">1934 murals\u003c/a> inside the tower's base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748203\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"The Great Depression-era murals might be even more impressive than the view from the top.\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-1200x803.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Great Depression-era murals might be even more impressive than the view from the top. \u003ccite>(Peter Roome/\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/50619629@N00/5792328682\">Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Honorable Mentions...\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Angel Island, Grace Cathedral, the Transamerica Pyramid and the Palace of Fine Arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>We at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> often focus on the lesser-known corners of the Bay Area when we answer your questions about the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet for those who grew up here, it's often the most famous attractions — the ones tourists travel continents to see — that for whatever reason, people have just never visited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>So we asked locals on social media, \"What 'iconic' Bay Area destination/landmark have you never set foot in?\" and hundreds of you responded across \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQED/status/1126954831527026688\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/BxaaUGxhVSf/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Instagram\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/KQED/posts/10155938030646191?__tn__=-R\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/bokbkq/people_who_grew_up_in_the_bay_area_what_iconic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reddit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for the local attractions that many Bay Area born-and-bred folks simply don't go to. And, if this inspires you to finally take the plunge and check them out, we've got tips on making your first visit to these places.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Winner: Alcatraz\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748223\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11748223 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Why would anyone want to visit a federal prison?\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b-536x402.jpg 536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS4388_4080900448_6ce040db24_b.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Why would anyone want to visit a federal prison? \u003ccite>(Tylerjswenson/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hands down, Alcatraz Island and its infamous former federal penitentiary was the answer we heard most.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Some people said they'd visited Alcatraz as a child with their school but hadn't returned as adults. Several commenters also wondered why anyone would \u003cem>want\u003c/em> to visit a prison, even a decommissioned one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reason, based on the overwhelming response, \"never visiting Alcatraz\" might have to join saying \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10649552/the-origins-of-hella\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\"hella\"\u003c/a> as indisputable proof of ones Bay Area credentials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> Be sure to plan ahead. \u003ca href=\"https://www.alcatrazcruises.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tickets to Alcatraz\u003c/a> go on sale 90 days ahead of time, and they often sell out weeks in advance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Riding a Cable Car\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-800x570.jpg\" alt=\"Cable cars have been roaming San Francisco streets for more than a century, but a lot of locals have never taken a ride.\" width=\"800\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-800x570.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-1200x855.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381-1920x1368.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180418381.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cable cars have been roaming San Francisco streets for more than a century, but a lot of locals have never taken a ride. \u003ccite>(Jamie Squire/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> You can use your Clipper card or the MuniMobile app to take your inaugural ride. Otherwise be sure you have the single-ride fare of $7 \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfmta.com/getting-around/muni/cable-cars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in exact change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another tip: if you're at a super busy stop with a long line — like the Powell Street turnaround — try walking up a stop or two for a much better chance of climbing aboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Walking the Golden Gate Bridge\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748201\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748201\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"Check the weather before you head out or you might end up taking a foggy, misty walk across the bridge.\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-1200x802.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009-1920x1283.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS2629_goldengatebridge20121009.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Check the weather before you head out or you might end up taking a foggy, misty walk across the bridge. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it? \u003c/strong>It may sound obvious, but check the weather on the bridge before you depart to avoid walking 1.7 miles (each way) in a sea of view-less fog. To be totally sure, try consulting a live \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcbayarea.com/brchannel/NBC-Bay-Area-Traffic-and-Weather-Live-Web-Cams-Golden-Gate-Bridge-260814771.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bridge traffic cam.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Winchester Mystery House\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut-800x635.jpg\" alt=\"The Winchester Mystery House is such a mystery that plenty of locals have never been.\" width=\"800\" height=\"635\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut-800x635.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut-160x127.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS36595_Winchester_House_910px-qut.jpg 910w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Winchester Mystery House is such a mystery that plenty of locals have never been. \u003ccite>(Gentgeen via Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> On Reddit, user leicanthrope \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/bokbkq/people_who_grew_up_in_the_bay_area_what_iconic/enhkpvu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">offers this advice\u003c/a> for visiting San Jose's notorious \"haunted\" mansion: \"Former guide here... I highly recommend going during the off-season. If you show up during spring break or the summer, they're likely going to be absolutely slammed...During the off season, it's much more comfortable inside the house, the tour guides aren't as fried from giving a ton of tours back-to-back, and you'll likely have a smaller tour group.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The Santa Cruz Mystery Spot\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748219\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11748219 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-800x451.jpg\" alt=\"It's a mystery why so many locals have never been to the Mystery Spot in Santa Cruz.\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-1020x575.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut-1200x676.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/RS37179_Entrance_of_mystery_spotUSA-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It's a mystery why so many locals have never been to the Mystery Spot in Santa Cruz. \u003ccite>(Tshrinivasan via Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 3.0)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/bokbkq/people_who_grew_up_in_the_bay_area_what_iconic/enhbf22/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">As noted on Reddit\u003c/a>, the wait times to buy tickets to Santa Cruz's self-described \u003ca href=\"https://www.mysteryspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“gravitational anomaly”\u003c/a> (and premier purveyor of bumper stickers) could potentially be long on arrival or even sell out. So consider \u003ca href=\"https://www.mysteryspot.com/buy-tickets-online\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">buying your tickets online\u003c/a> beforehand.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Coit Tower\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748206\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748206\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-800x565.jpg\" alt=\"You can see it from all over the Bay Area, but how many people who live here have actually been inside Coit Tower?\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-800x565.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-160x113.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-1020x720.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-1200x847.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1-1920x1355.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/GettyImages-180658422-1.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">You can see it from all over the Bay Area, but how many people who live here have actually been inside Coit Tower? \u003ccite>(Jamie Squire/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finally tempted to try it?\u003c/strong> You can \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/destination/telegraph-hill-pioneer-park/coit-tower/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">buy your tickets\u003c/a> for the elevator ride to the top ahead of time, and San Francisco residents get a discount. But you don't even need to pay to check out the \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/destination/telegraph-hill-pioneer-park/coit-tower/\">1934 murals\u003c/a> inside the tower's base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11748203\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11748203\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"The Great Depression-era murals might be even more impressive than the view from the top.\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-1020x683.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-1200x803.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/05/5792328682_1b0c612212_o.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Great Depression-era murals might be even more impressive than the view from the top. \u003ccite>(Peter Roome/\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/50619629@N00/5792328682\">Flickr\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Honorable Mentions...\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Angel Island, Grace Cathedral, the Transamerica Pyramid and the Palace of Fine Arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
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},
"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
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"navPromosReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": true,
"promos": {
"news": {},
"podcasts-radio": {},
"video-tv": {},
"events": {},
"support": {}
}
}
}
