Thousands of people are homeless in San Francisco, and even more throughout the Bay Area. Despite years of concern and millions of dollars of investment, the problem persists.
Who are the people who live on the streets and on the edge of homelessness? Why have we failed to create lasting change? And are there solutions that offer hope for the future? As part of a collaboration with dozens of Bay Area news organizations, KQED is exploring these questions, and more.
Experience Life on the Streets of San Francisco [360 Video]
How Many Are Homeless? A Question With Many Answers
Persistence, Community Support Help S.F. Neighborhood Fight Homelessness
California To Spend Billions to Tackle Homelessness
Stanford's Virtual Reality Lab Cultivates Empathy for the Homeless
Turning Motel Rooms into a Recovery Ward for the Homeless
'To Have and Have Not': The Early Days of Bay Area Homelessness
S.F. Homeless Problem Looks the Same as It Did 20 Years Ago
Forum on the Road: San Rafael's Homeless Plan Stirs Debate
San Franciscans to Vote on 'Housing Not Tents' Homelessness Measure
Targeting and Healing Medi-Cal's Most Expensive Patients -- And Saving Money
How One Veteran Got Housing After 25 Years of Homelessness
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"disqusTitle": "How Many Are Homeless? A Question With Many Answers",
"title": "How Many Are Homeless? A Question With Many Answers",
"headTitle": "SF Homeless Project | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>How many people are homeless in San Francisco?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That question is the basis for the most frequent Google search in the city regarding homelessness. The answer, though, is elusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple government agencies have attempted to calculate the scope of homelessness, but accurately measuring it or its social and economic impacts is difficult, if not impossible. Homelessness can take many forms and is often a temporary status, making it hard to reliably track.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The city hopes to build a more comprehensive information system, making it easier to count and provide assistance to homeless people. Currently, however, estimates on the number of people living on San Francisco’s streets — and the costs associated with them — vary dramatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The figure 6,686 is the most widely circulated approximation of those who are homeless in the city. That number comes from a count made on a single night in January 2015, when volunteers fanned out across San Francisco and identified people who appeared to be sleeping on the streets, in parks, in cars, or anywhere else not meant for human habitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those staying in a temporary shelter that evening were also counted to come up with the final estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biennial survey -- conducted in cities across the country at the behest of the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development -- provides the only consistent and uniform data enumerating street people. The information from those counts influences everything from federal funding for homeless services to newspaper headlines to discussions at City Hall. But they stem from an imprecise science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11002534\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web.jpg\" alt=\"homeless_data_web\" width=\"568\" height=\"1145\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web.jpg 568w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web-400x806.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some cities, including San Francisco, volunteers are told not to speak with the people they’re counting for safety reasons, forcing them to rely on visual cues. Some, like a person curled up in a sleeping bag on the street, are pretty clear. Others, like someone pushing a cart full of recyclables, are less definitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big undercount, because they just look at someone and assume a housing status,” said Jennifer Friedenbach, executive director of the San Francisco advocacy group Coalition to End Homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The HUD survey also excludes people in jail, in hospitals, sleeping on a friend’s couch or waiting for a shelter bed, as well as individuals who evaded the canvassers. The thousands of formerly homeless residing in permanent supportive housing -- which offers a suite of services along with an apartment room for life -- are also excluded from the figure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not perfect, but it’s a good snapshot in time of the homeless,” said Eduardo Cabrera, a spokesman for HUD who participated in San Francisco’s most recent survey. “At this point, it’s the best tool we have to measure the extent of homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000275\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless person sleeps on Market St. in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671.jpg 1671w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless person sleeps on Market St. in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Michael Macor/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>9,975 Homeless in the City?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Department of Public Health maintains a robust database that accounts for every homeless person that uses medical, mental health or substance abuse services in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the HUD count, which takes place over just a few hours, Public Health’s database, called the Coordinated Care Management System, tracks people who have experienced homelessness at any point during an entire fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s better for getting a sense of how many people in a community are touched by homelessness over a longer time span,” said Barry Lee, a Penn State sociology professor familiar with similar tracking systems. “By its nature, homelessness is episodic, it’s fluid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fiscal 2014-15, Public Health’s CCMS reported 9,975 homeless individuals in the city, a figure nearly 50 percent higher than the biennial homeless count’s estimate (32 percent higher when including the supplemental youth count). The database, which provides a detailed breakdown of the health conditions and demographics of the people it tracks, paints a stark picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2014-15 fiscal year:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>More than half of the homeless people in CCMS had a history of depression or psychoses.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Roughly 60 percent had, at some point, abused drugs or alcohol.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A third had been intermittently homeless for longer than a decade, up from 9 percent in 2007. Nearly half of those individuals were African American. Just 6 percent of the city’s general population is black.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The number of homeless people age 60 or older jumped 30 percent, from 856 individuals in 2007 to 1,103 last year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>79 homeless people died in 2014-15. As of April, 87 homeless individuals had died in 2015-16, with three months left in the fiscal year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Homeless people cost the city more than $150 million in emergency health care last year, including ambulance rides, emergency room visits, placements in sobering centers and other services. A relatively small number accrued significantly high care costs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The 1,320 homeless people needing the most aid required $108 million in emergency medical and mental health services last year -- or roughly $80,000 on average -- accounting for nearly a quarter of all such costs in San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They’re a very vulnerable, very sick, and very high-cost group,” said Maria X. Martinez, a Public Health director who helps oversee CCMS. “They’re the people you’re stepping over on the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public Health’s information system has helped San Francisco target and track its most needy residents, but it has a practical limitation: It only captures those using medical, mental health or substance abuse services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Younger street people, who are typically healthier, are under-represented, according to Friedenbach. The more than 2,000 schoolchildren living without a stable home, according to the San Francisco Unified School District, are also probably missing from the database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedenbach estimates there are closer to 13,000 homeless people in the city over the course of an entire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000277\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless man, uses a pew to catch up on some sleep recently at St. Boniface Catholic church. The highly-regarded Gubbio project at St. Boniface church in San Francisco's Tenderloin community is facing hard times. Nearly 100 homeless men and women, who are now able to sleep in the pews and use the church bathroom, are being forced back onto the streets early next week due to shortened hours and a lack of funding. \" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-800x480.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-400x240.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-1180x707.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-960x576.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless man, uses a pew to catch up on some sleep recently at St. Boniface Catholic church. The highly-regarded Gubbio project at St. Boniface church in San Francisco's Tenderloin community is facing hard times. Nearly 100 homeless men and women, who are now able to sleep in the pews and use the church bathroom, are being forced back onto the streets early next week due to shortened hours and a lack of funding. \u003ccite>(Brant Ward/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Growing or Shrinking?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Public Health’s database shows the homeless population is getting older, sicker, and spending more time on the streets, it also suggests there are now fewer of them in San Francisco. In 2007, the city health department recorded nearly 12,000 homeless individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data run counter to the point-in-time estimates. Both HUD and the biennial count show the number of homeless, particularly those without shelter, has grown over the past decade -- a trend that matches public perception in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been here 26 years, and the homeless problem is worse than it has ever been,” said Candace Combs, a massage studio owner and president of the Mission Creek Merchants Association. “When I walk by these encampments, as a woman, it doesn’t feel safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combs isn’t the only person concerned about the growing number of tarps and tents on the sidewalks; there has been a surge in 311 complaints regarding encampments in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, the city’s 311 line recorded 898 encampment-related grievances, or between two and three per day, according to a Chronicle analysis. As of mid-May this year, there had been 6,982 complaints about homeless camps, or more than 50 per day. (Andy Maimoni, deputy director of 311, attributed some of the growth to a new category for homeless camps added to the mobile app in October.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>311 complaints, of course, don’t measure the number of homeless people, but public sentiment. The spike in such grievances may not reflect a growing homeless population, just a more visible one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There used to a be a lot of marginal space, but that has become valuable real estate in a lot of places,” Lee, of Penn State, said, referring not just to the situation in San Francisco, but many parts of the nation. “You might be seeing more people out and about, but it could be because they have nowhere else to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000285\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000285\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-800x511.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless man shows his rings he has collected over the past 5 years. He spends his days sitting in the branches of an Australian Tea Tree reading books and taking with passers by in Golden Gate Park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-800x511.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-400x256.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-1180x754.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-960x614.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless man shows his rings he has collected over the past 5 years. He spends his days sitting in the branches of an Australian Tea Tree reading books and taking with passers by in Golden Gate Park. \u003ccite>(Michael Macor/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creating a Better System\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty of accurately tracking how many people are homeless isn’t unique to San Francisco. Due to its often transient and temporary nature, it’s virtually impossible to make a precise count of homeless individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any city will ever say, ‘We feel confident that we have counted every single homeless person,’” said Nan Roman, president of National Alliance to End Homelessness in Washington, D.C. “But you can get close, you can get the dimensions, and if you’re consistent in the count methodology, you can measure progress from year to year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, San Francisco doesn’t have a single information network to track homeless people, but rather a number of separate databases managed by different service providers. Jeff Kositsky, director of San Francisco’s new Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing, hopes to solve that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kositsky plans to unite the disparate homeless information systems, including the Department of Public Health’s CCMS, allowing the city to better track its neediest residents and connect them to appropriate services -- whether that’s housing, a shelter bed or medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Putting all services under one roof should not only make it easier for the city to track the number of people living on the streets, it should also make it simpler for homeless people to access care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re homeless, you may need to be assessed three, four different times, answering the same questions each time; it’s unfair, inefficient and not respectful of people we’re trying to serve,” Kositsky said. “Clients have to get into many different lines to access services, and we’re going to ask them to get into one line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kositsky anticipates the new homeless system will be partially running by next October, and fully functional by the fall of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Joaquin Palomino is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. Email: jpalomino@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @JoaquinPalomino\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>About this project: This week, the Chronicle joins more than 70 other news organizations to focus San Francisco’s attention on the seemingly intractable problem of homelessness in our city. Videos, interactive graphics, and coverage from other media can be found online at sfchronicle.com/homeless and sfhomelessproject.com, and on Twitter at @bayareahomeless. Join the online conversation at #sfhomelessproject.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "That question is the basis for the most frequent Google search in the city regarding homelessness. The answer, though, is elusive.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>How many people are homeless in San Francisco?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That question is the basis for the most frequent Google search in the city regarding homelessness. The answer, though, is elusive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple government agencies have attempted to calculate the scope of homelessness, but accurately measuring it or its social and economic impacts is difficult, if not impossible. Homelessness can take many forms and is often a temporary status, making it hard to reliably track.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The city hopes to build a more comprehensive information system, making it easier to count and provide assistance to homeless people. Currently, however, estimates on the number of people living on San Francisco’s streets — and the costs associated with them — vary dramatically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The figure 6,686 is the most widely circulated approximation of those who are homeless in the city. That number comes from a count made on a single night in January 2015, when volunteers fanned out across San Francisco and identified people who appeared to be sleeping on the streets, in parks, in cars, or anywhere else not meant for human habitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those staying in a temporary shelter that evening were also counted to come up with the final estimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biennial survey -- conducted in cities across the country at the behest of the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development -- provides the only consistent and uniform data enumerating street people. The information from those counts influences everything from federal funding for homeless services to newspaper headlines to discussions at City Hall. But they stem from an imprecise science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11002534\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web.jpg\" alt=\"homeless_data_web\" width=\"568\" height=\"1145\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web.jpg 568w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_data_web-400x806.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 568px) 100vw, 568px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some cities, including San Francisco, volunteers are told not to speak with the people they’re counting for safety reasons, forcing them to rely on visual cues. Some, like a person curled up in a sleeping bag on the street, are pretty clear. Others, like someone pushing a cart full of recyclables, are less definitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big undercount, because they just look at someone and assume a housing status,” said Jennifer Friedenbach, executive director of the San Francisco advocacy group Coalition to End Homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The HUD survey also excludes people in jail, in hospitals, sleeping on a friend’s couch or waiting for a shelter bed, as well as individuals who evaded the canvassers. The thousands of formerly homeless residing in permanent supportive housing -- which offers a suite of services along with an apartment room for life -- are also excluded from the figure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not perfect, but it’s a good snapshot in time of the homeless,” said Eduardo Cabrera, a spokesman for HUD who participated in San Francisco’s most recent survey. “At this point, it’s the best tool we have to measure the extent of homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000275\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless person sleeps on Market St. in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_03_1671.jpg 1671w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless person sleeps on Market St. in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Michael Macor/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>9,975 Homeless in the City?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Department of Public Health maintains a robust database that accounts for every homeless person that uses medical, mental health or substance abuse services in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the HUD count, which takes place over just a few hours, Public Health’s database, called the Coordinated Care Management System, tracks people who have experienced homelessness at any point during an entire fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s better for getting a sense of how many people in a community are touched by homelessness over a longer time span,” said Barry Lee, a Penn State sociology professor familiar with similar tracking systems. “By its nature, homelessness is episodic, it’s fluid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fiscal 2014-15, Public Health’s CCMS reported 9,975 homeless individuals in the city, a figure nearly 50 percent higher than the biennial homeless count’s estimate (32 percent higher when including the supplemental youth count). The database, which provides a detailed breakdown of the health conditions and demographics of the people it tracks, paints a stark picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 2014-15 fiscal year:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>More than half of the homeless people in CCMS had a history of depression or psychoses.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Roughly 60 percent had, at some point, abused drugs or alcohol.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A third had been intermittently homeless for longer than a decade, up from 9 percent in 2007. Nearly half of those individuals were African American. Just 6 percent of the city’s general population is black.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The number of homeless people age 60 or older jumped 30 percent, from 856 individuals in 2007 to 1,103 last year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>79 homeless people died in 2014-15. As of April, 87 homeless individuals had died in 2015-16, with three months left in the fiscal year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Homeless people cost the city more than $150 million in emergency health care last year, including ambulance rides, emergency room visits, placements in sobering centers and other services. A relatively small number accrued significantly high care costs.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The 1,320 homeless people needing the most aid required $108 million in emergency medical and mental health services last year -- or roughly $80,000 on average -- accounting for nearly a quarter of all such costs in San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They’re a very vulnerable, very sick, and very high-cost group,” said Maria X. Martinez, a Public Health director who helps oversee CCMS. “They’re the people you’re stepping over on the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public Health’s information system has helped San Francisco target and track its most needy residents, but it has a practical limitation: It only captures those using medical, mental health or substance abuse services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Younger street people, who are typically healthier, are under-represented, according to Friedenbach. The more than 2,000 schoolchildren living without a stable home, according to the San Francisco Unified School District, are also probably missing from the database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friedenbach estimates there are closer to 13,000 homeless people in the city over the course of an entire year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000277\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000277\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless man, uses a pew to catch up on some sleep recently at St. Boniface Catholic church. The highly-regarded Gubbio project at St. Boniface church in San Francisco's Tenderloin community is facing hard times. Nearly 100 homeless men and women, who are now able to sleep in the pews and use the church bathroom, are being forced back onto the streets early next week due to shortened hours and a lack of funding. \" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-800x480.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-400x240.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-1180x707.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_02_1920-960x576.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless man, uses a pew to catch up on some sleep recently at St. Boniface Catholic church. The highly-regarded Gubbio project at St. Boniface church in San Francisco's Tenderloin community is facing hard times. Nearly 100 homeless men and women, who are now able to sleep in the pews and use the church bathroom, are being forced back onto the streets early next week due to shortened hours and a lack of funding. \u003ccite>(Brant Ward/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Growing or Shrinking?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Public Health’s database shows the homeless population is getting older, sicker, and spending more time on the streets, it also suggests there are now fewer of them in San Francisco. In 2007, the city health department recorded nearly 12,000 homeless individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data run counter to the point-in-time estimates. Both HUD and the biennial count show the number of homeless, particularly those without shelter, has grown over the past decade -- a trend that matches public perception in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been here 26 years, and the homeless problem is worse than it has ever been,” said Candace Combs, a massage studio owner and president of the Mission Creek Merchants Association. “When I walk by these encampments, as a woman, it doesn’t feel safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combs isn’t the only person concerned about the growing number of tarps and tents on the sidewalks; there has been a surge in 311 complaints regarding encampments in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2013, the city’s 311 line recorded 898 encampment-related grievances, or between two and three per day, according to a Chronicle analysis. As of mid-May this year, there had been 6,982 complaints about homeless camps, or more than 50 per day. (Andy Maimoni, deputy director of 311, attributed some of the growth to a new category for homeless camps added to the mobile app in October.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>311 complaints, of course, don’t measure the number of homeless people, but public sentiment. The spike in such grievances may not reflect a growing homeless population, just a more visible one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There used to a be a lot of marginal space, but that has become valuable real estate in a lot of places,” Lee, of Penn State, said, referring not just to the situation in San Francisco, but many parts of the nation. “You might be seeing more people out and about, but it could be because they have nowhere else to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000285\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000285\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-800x511.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless man shows his rings he has collected over the past 5 years. He spends his days sitting in the branches of an Australian Tea Tree reading books and taking with passers by in Golden Gate Park. \" width=\"800\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-800x511.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-400x256.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-1180x754.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500-960x614.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_08_1500.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless man shows his rings he has collected over the past 5 years. He spends his days sitting in the branches of an Australian Tea Tree reading books and taking with passers by in Golden Gate Park. \u003ccite>(Michael Macor/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Creating a Better System\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty of accurately tracking how many people are homeless isn’t unique to San Francisco. Due to its often transient and temporary nature, it’s virtually impossible to make a precise count of homeless individuals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think any city will ever say, ‘We feel confident that we have counted every single homeless person,’” said Nan Roman, president of National Alliance to End Homelessness in Washington, D.C. “But you can get close, you can get the dimensions, and if you’re consistent in the count methodology, you can measure progress from year to year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, San Francisco doesn’t have a single information network to track homeless people, but rather a number of separate databases managed by different service providers. Jeff Kositsky, director of San Francisco’s new Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing, hopes to solve that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kositsky plans to unite the disparate homeless information systems, including the Department of Public Health’s CCMS, allowing the city to better track its neediest residents and connect them to appropriate services -- whether that’s housing, a shelter bed or medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Putting all services under one roof should not only make it easier for the city to track the number of people living on the streets, it should also make it simpler for homeless people to access care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re homeless, you may need to be assessed three, four different times, answering the same questions each time; it’s unfair, inefficient and not respectful of people we’re trying to serve,” Kositsky said. “Clients have to get into many different lines to access services, and we’re going to ask them to get into one line.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kositsky anticipates the new homeless system will be partially running by next October, and fully functional by the fall of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Joaquin Palomino is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. Email: jpalomino@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @JoaquinPalomino\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>About this project: This week, the Chronicle joins more than 70 other news organizations to focus San Francisco’s attention on the seemingly intractable problem of homelessness in our city. Videos, interactive graphics, and coverage from other media can be found online at sfchronicle.com/homeless and sfhomelessproject.com, and on Twitter at @bayareahomeless. Join the online conversation at #sfhomelessproject.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Persistence, Community Support Help S.F. Neighborhood Fight Homelessness",
"title": "Persistence, Community Support Help S.F. Neighborhood Fight Homelessness",
"headTitle": "SF Homeless Project | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Private chef Marc Vogel cooks for wealthy clients around the world, and he just returned home from a very long trip to Mali and Turkey. But despite his jet lag, he's dropping off a bag of old clothes at a San Francisco neighborhood homeless resource center called \u003ca href=\"http://northbeachcitizens.org\">North Beach Citizens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have my assistant go through the house, and I take it over because everybody here can use it,\" Vogel says. He also occasionally cooks at the center's annual fundraiser, an Italian-style dinner hosted by the center's famous founder, film director Francis Ford Coppola. (Until recently, Coppola cooked the meatballs himself.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Say what you want about Coppola,\" gushes Vogel. \"At least he's making it happen!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271265472\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As San Francisco struggles for solutions to homelessness, North Beach Citizens is viewed by many homeless advocates as a success story, and one that could be replicated in other communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They do really good work. I think they're a beautiful part of that community,\" says Jennifer Friedenbach, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cohsf.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Coalition on Homelessness\u003c/a>. \"We certainly have a lot of money in San Francisco and a lot of private donors that could invest in (replicating) this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coppola founded the center about 15 years ago to help the homeless people he encountered on his daily walks through the neighborhood. It is currently housed in a former porn theater on a busy stretch of Kearny Street that includes pizza restaurants, strip clubs, residents and tourists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10991441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10991441 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Hideaki Hirama reads the paper and eats his breakfast at the North Beach Citizens center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hideaki Hirama reads the paper and eats his breakfast at the North Beach Citizens center. \u003ccite>(Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It's a community,\" says Kristie Fairchild, a former ceramics artist who Coppola tapped to be the center's executive director. During morning drop-in hours, clients chat quietly as they sip coffee and eat pizza focaccia donated from a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/nativeson/article/Liguria-Bakery-in-North-Beach-makes-focaccia-2368406.php\">local bakery\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a really sweet atmosphere -- a gentle, enjoyable kind of coffee shop environment,\" Fairchild says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Against this backdrop, North Beach Citizens offers intensive case management to anyone ready to do what it takes to get off the street. The solutions are as individual as the people themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take Michael Kelly, 46, who's been homeless for about 15 years. Kelly wants to reconnect with his family. One of Fairchild's community partners, a group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.miraclemessages.org/\">Miracle Messages\u003c/a>, is helping him do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They got me in contact with my mom after 10 years on Mother's Day. She freaked out!\" says Kelly. \"Now I have my sister's number. I haven't talked to her in 15 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For others, North Beach Citizens \u003cem>is\u003c/em> family. Larry Prescott, 75, comes here almost every week to check in with Fairchild and other caseworkers. A few years ago, he was evicted from his apartment and wound up homeless, sleeping on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because of my age, Kristie took really good care of me. And she put me up in a hotel,\" Prescott says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he lives in a single-room-occupancy hotel in the Mission District, and he says caseworkers are helping him navigate public housing waiting lists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a great program,\" Prescott says. \"A lot of these people you see here, any other program would tell them, 'Take a hike.' So, I'm a lucky guy.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10991446\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10991446\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A client waits to be let in to North Beach Citizens during morning drop-in hours. June 8, 2016\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A client waits to be let in to North Beach Citizens during morning drop-in hours. \u003ccite>(Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 75 people enrolled in North Beach Citizens' \u003ca href=\"http://www.northbeachcitizens.org/core-program/\">core program\u003c/a>. Twenty are homeless, and the rest are in some type of temporary or permanent housing. Fairchild says that since 2005, her staff has helped more than 300 people out of homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She concedes the resource center is one of a kind in some ways. Having a celebrity benefactor like Coppola certainly helped. And while many nonprofits in San Francisco are losing their facilities because of the city's hot real estate market, North Beach Citizens' building was purchased for them by an anonymous donor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fairchild says that with a little creativity, other neighborhoods could adopt the model even without these advantages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He doesn't give us a dime anymore,\" Fairchild says. Coppola always believed that once North Beach Citizens was up and running, it would need to \"sink or swim\" on its own. \"It's my board of directors that engages the community to support us,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairchild says key ingredients needed to replicate the program include a caring staff that knows the neighborhood, a welcoming physical space where clients can engage with caseworkers and one another, and -- perhaps most importantly -- community buy-in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're not doing this in a vacuum,\" she says. \"In North Beach, I think people understand what we're doing here benefits the community because we're getting people off the streets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a solid thing,\" says David Hlopak, a tech executive who lives in the neighborhood. \"I mean, of all the charities that I've seen out there, it's like the rubber hits the road and the money and the resources you donate to it get used.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Dodge, who directs the mayor's Office of HOPE (Housing Opportunity, Partnerships & Engagement), agrees that a program like this \"takes some funds. It's a lot to maintain. It's hard to find places. But it's not \u003cem>that\u003c/em> hard. There are places in every neighborhood that can welcome this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairchild says she can't help everyone who lands on her doorstep. The program has strict rules, and some people aren't ready or able to follow them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she doesn't get discouraged. She only wishes more San Francisco communities would leverage their wealth and talent to make ending homelessness a neighborhood priority.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Private chef Marc Vogel cooks for wealthy clients around the world, and he just returned home from a very long trip to Mali and Turkey. But despite his jet lag, he's dropping off a bag of old clothes at a San Francisco neighborhood homeless resource center called \u003ca href=\"http://northbeachcitizens.org\">North Beach Citizens\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have my assistant go through the house, and I take it over because everybody here can use it,\" Vogel says. He also occasionally cooks at the center's annual fundraiser, an Italian-style dinner hosted by the center's famous founder, film director Francis Ford Coppola. (Until recently, Coppola cooked the meatballs himself.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Say what you want about Coppola,\" gushes Vogel. \"At least he's making it happen!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271265472&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271265472'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As San Francisco struggles for solutions to homelessness, North Beach Citizens is viewed by many homeless advocates as a success story, and one that could be replicated in other communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They do really good work. I think they're a beautiful part of that community,\" says Jennifer Friedenbach, executive director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cohsf.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Coalition on Homelessness\u003c/a>. \"We certainly have a lot of money in San Francisco and a lot of private donors that could invest in (replicating) this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coppola founded the center about 15 years ago to help the homeless people he encountered on his daily walks through the neighborhood. It is currently housed in a former porn theater on a busy stretch of Kearny Street that includes pizza restaurants, strip clubs, residents and tourists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10991441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10991441 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Hideaki Hirama reads the paper and eats his breakfast at the North Beach Citizens center.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19858__MG_0649-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hideaki Hirama reads the paper and eats his breakfast at the North Beach Citizens center. \u003ccite>(Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It's a community,\" says Kristie Fairchild, a former ceramics artist who Coppola tapped to be the center's executive director. During morning drop-in hours, clients chat quietly as they sip coffee and eat pizza focaccia donated from a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/nativeson/article/Liguria-Bakery-in-North-Beach-makes-focaccia-2368406.php\">local bakery\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a really sweet atmosphere -- a gentle, enjoyable kind of coffee shop environment,\" Fairchild says.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Against this backdrop, North Beach Citizens offers intensive case management to anyone ready to do what it takes to get off the street. The solutions are as individual as the people themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take Michael Kelly, 46, who's been homeless for about 15 years. Kelly wants to reconnect with his family. One of Fairchild's community partners, a group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.miraclemessages.org/\">Miracle Messages\u003c/a>, is helping him do that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They got me in contact with my mom after 10 years on Mother's Day. She freaked out!\" says Kelly. \"Now I have my sister's number. I haven't talked to her in 15 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For others, North Beach Citizens \u003cem>is\u003c/em> family. Larry Prescott, 75, comes here almost every week to check in with Fairchild and other caseworkers. A few years ago, he was evicted from his apartment and wound up homeless, sleeping on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because of my age, Kristie took really good care of me. And she put me up in a hotel,\" Prescott says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now he lives in a single-room-occupancy hotel in the Mission District, and he says caseworkers are helping him navigate public housing waiting lists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a great program,\" Prescott says. \"A lot of these people you see here, any other program would tell them, 'Take a hike.' So, I'm a lucky guy.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10991446\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10991446\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A client waits to be let in to North Beach Citizens during morning drop-in hours. June 8, 2016\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/RS19857__MG_0640-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A client waits to be let in to North Beach Citizens during morning drop-in hours. \u003ccite>(Deborah Svoboda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are currently about 75 people enrolled in North Beach Citizens' \u003ca href=\"http://www.northbeachcitizens.org/core-program/\">core program\u003c/a>. Twenty are homeless, and the rest are in some type of temporary or permanent housing. Fairchild says that since 2005, her staff has helped more than 300 people out of homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She concedes the resource center is one of a kind in some ways. Having a celebrity benefactor like Coppola certainly helped. And while many nonprofits in San Francisco are losing their facilities because of the city's hot real estate market, North Beach Citizens' building was purchased for them by an anonymous donor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Fairchild says that with a little creativity, other neighborhoods could adopt the model even without these advantages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He doesn't give us a dime anymore,\" Fairchild says. Coppola always believed that once North Beach Citizens was up and running, it would need to \"sink or swim\" on its own. \"It's my board of directors that engages the community to support us,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairchild says key ingredients needed to replicate the program include a caring staff that knows the neighborhood, a welcoming physical space where clients can engage with caseworkers and one another, and -- perhaps most importantly -- community buy-in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're not doing this in a vacuum,\" she says. \"In North Beach, I think people understand what we're doing here benefits the community because we're getting people off the streets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a solid thing,\" says David Hlopak, a tech executive who lives in the neighborhood. \"I mean, of all the charities that I've seen out there, it's like the rubber hits the road and the money and the resources you donate to it get used.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Dodge, who directs the mayor's Office of HOPE (Housing Opportunity, Partnerships & Engagement), agrees that a program like this \"takes some funds. It's a lot to maintain. It's hard to find places. But it's not \u003cem>that\u003c/em> hard. There are places in every neighborhood that can welcome this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fairchild says she can't help everyone who lands on her doorstep. The program has strict rules, and some people aren't ready or able to follow them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she doesn't get discouraged. She only wishes more San Francisco communities would leverage their wealth and talent to make ending homelessness a neighborhood priority.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California has more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/2015-AHAR-Part-1.pdf\">115,000 homeless people\u003c/a>, many suffering from some kind of mental illness. This week the state Legislature is acting on a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1618\">$2 billion bond\u003c/a> that would help get many of them off the streets. The state Senate approved the bond yesterday, the Assembly is expected to take it up later this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People like Angelina Washington. She is homeless and currently lives in a long-term shelter for women with mental illnesses at \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacloaves.org/\">Sacramento’s Loaves & Fishes\u003c/a>. That’s a nonprofit that provides services to the homeless. Washington has a simple wish, if she ever has her own apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To sleep in when I want,” she says. “We can’t sleep in over there at the shelter. We have to get up at 6:30 and we have to be out by 8.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271237287″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because she’s been homeless for so long and suffers from mental illness, Washington could potentially benefit from the proposed bond. It would make $2 billion available to California counties over several years to create permanent supportive housing for people like her. The bond would be paid for with funds from \u003ca href=\"http://prop63.org/\">Proposition 63\u003c/a>, which provides money for mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joan Burke is director of advocacy at Loaves & Fishes. She says the money would help expand programs that have already proved successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do know what works. And we do have good programs that are helping people get out of homelessness much more quickly,” she says. “We just don’t have enough of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Senate President pro tempore Kevin de León started thinking about the bill last fall after taking a tour of Skid Row in Los Angeles. Counties already provide various services to the homeless. But de León says having a home is key to helping a person get stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You just cannot provide psychotherapeutic services or substance abuse therapeutic services and expect them to go back and live in a cardboard box in an alley or adjacent to an off-ramp,” he says. “It’s nonsensical. It’s illogical. And you’re wasting money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Wolch is dean of UC Berkeley’s College of Environmental Design and studies homelessness. She says housing-first approaches have been extremely successful. She acknowledges the strategy is initially expensive, but says it’s a good investment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately it costs taxpayers more money to leave people on the streets,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolch does foresee some challenges, specifically where the housing will be built. She says neighborhoods tend to push back when low-income housing or other services are proposed nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of resistance that needs to be dealt with,” she says. “And I think that some of it has to be legislated in terms of not allowing communities to zone out or, in various other ways, exclude these kinds of facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Money from the bond could be awarded as early as this fiscal year, which begins in July.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters have supported large housing bonds in the past, including a \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_46,_Bonds_for_Housing_Projects_(2002)\">$2.1 billion bond in 2002\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_1C,_Bonds_for_Housing_(2006)\">$2.9 billion bond in 2006 \u003c/a> for overall housing programs. In 2014, voters approved \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_41,_Veterans_Housing_and_Homeless_Prevention_Bond_(2014)\">$600 million for veterans’ housing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California has more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.hudexchange.info/resources/documents/2015-AHAR-Part-1.pdf\">115,000 homeless people\u003c/a>, many suffering from some kind of mental illness. This week the state Legislature is acting on a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1618\">$2 billion bond\u003c/a> that would help get many of them off the streets. The state Senate approved the bond yesterday, the Assembly is expected to take it up later this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People like Angelina Washington. She is homeless and currently lives in a long-term shelter for women with mental illnesses at \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacloaves.org/\">Sacramento’s Loaves & Fishes\u003c/a>. That’s a nonprofit that provides services to the homeless. Washington has a simple wish, if she ever has her own apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To sleep in when I want,” she says. “We can’t sleep in over there at the shelter. We have to get up at 6:30 and we have to be out by 8.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271237287″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271237287″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because she’s been homeless for so long and suffers from mental illness, Washington could potentially benefit from the proposed bond. It would make $2 billion available to California counties over several years to create permanent supportive housing for people like her. The bond would be paid for with funds from \u003ca href=\"http://prop63.org/\">Proposition 63\u003c/a>, which provides money for mental health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joan Burke is director of advocacy at Loaves & Fishes. She says the money would help expand programs that have already proved successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do know what works. And we do have good programs that are helping people get out of homelessness much more quickly,” she says. “We just don’t have enough of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Senate President pro tempore Kevin de León started thinking about the bill last fall after taking a tour of Skid Row in Los Angeles. Counties already provide various services to the homeless. But de León says having a home is key to helping a person get stable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You just cannot provide psychotherapeutic services or substance abuse therapeutic services and expect them to go back and live in a cardboard box in an alley or adjacent to an off-ramp,” he says. “It’s nonsensical. It’s illogical. And you’re wasting money.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Wolch is dean of UC Berkeley’s College of Environmental Design and studies homelessness. She says housing-first approaches have been extremely successful. She acknowledges the strategy is initially expensive, but says it’s a good investment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately it costs taxpayers more money to leave people on the streets,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolch does foresee some challenges, specifically where the housing will be built. She says neighborhoods tend to push back when low-income housing or other services are proposed nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of resistance that needs to be dealt with,” she says. “And I think that some of it has to be legislated in terms of not allowing communities to zone out or, in various other ways, exclude these kinds of facilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Money from the bond could be awarded as early as this fiscal year, which begins in July.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters have supported large housing bonds in the past, including a \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_46,_Bonds_for_Housing_Projects_(2002)\">$2.1 billion bond in 2002\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_1C,_Bonds_for_Housing_(2006)\">$2.9 billion bond in 2006 \u003c/a> for overall housing programs. In 2014, voters approved \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_41,_Veterans_Housing_and_Homeless_Prevention_Bond_(2014)\">$600 million for veterans’ housing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The burgeoning field of Virtual Reality — or VR as it is commonly known — is a vehicle for telling stories through 360-degree visuals and sound that put you right in the middle of the action, be it at a crowded \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXHil1TPxvA&feature=youtu.be&t=6m30s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Syrian refugee camp\u003c/a>, or inside the body of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.genworth.com/lets-talk/r70i-aging-experience.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">85-year-old with a bad hip and cataracts\u003c/a>. Because of VR’s immersive properties, some people describe the medium as “the ultimate empathy machine.” But can it make people care about something as fraught and multi-faceted as homelessness?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study in progress at Stanford’s \u003ca href=\"https://vhil.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Virtual Human Interaction Lab\u003c/a> explores that question, and I strapped on an \u003ca href=\"https://www.oculus.com/en-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oculus Rift\u003c/a> headset (one of the most popular devices people currently use to experience VR) to look for an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new way of understanding homelessness\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://vhil.stanford.edu/projects/2015/empathy-at-scale/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Empathy at Scale\u003c/a>,\u003c/em> puts participants in a variety of scenes designed to help them imagine the experience of being homeless themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11744366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11744366 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-800x481.jpg\" alt=\"'Empathy at Scale,' a computer simulation developed by Stanford researchers, attempts to help you experience what it is to live as a homeless person.\" width=\"800\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-800x481.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-400x240.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-768x462.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-1180x709.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-960x577.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut.jpg 1449w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Empathy at Scale,’ a computer simulation developed by Stanford researchers, attempts to help you experience what it is to live as a homeless person. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy Stanford’s Virtual Human Interaction Lab)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike VR that uses 360-degree video, this dramatization looks like a low-fi video game, so it’s hard to mistake it for reality. Even so, my brain responded to the immersive environment to some extent as if I did perceive it as real. When a cop pulled up and trained a flashlight into the car, I physically flinched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who come into our lab and say ‘I knew that was fake the whole time,’” says \u003cem>Empathy at Scale\u003c/em> project manager Elise Ogle. “But for some people, your brain just can’t determine the difference between real life and this powerful visual stimuli that we’re showing you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The 22 bus line story\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of their research for the project, the creators of \u003cem>Empathy at Scale\u003c/em> incorporated local stories about homelessness. One they found particularly affecting was \u003cem>Hotel 22\u003c/em>, a short documentary by a Stanford student filmmaker about Valley Transportation Authority \u003ca href=\"http://www.vta.org/routes/rt22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bus line 22\u003c/a>, which runs all night between Palo Alto and San Jose. The line is nicknamed “Hotel 22,” because it’s popular with homeless people looking for a safe alternative to sleeping on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">[vimeo 138190538 w=640 h=360]\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/138190538\">\u003cem>Hotel 22\u003c/em> by Elizabeth Lo\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/shortoftheweek\">Short of the Week\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com\">Vimeo\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bus, it turns out, is an ideal virtual reality setting for delivering a variety of stories that show how complex the problem of homelessness is. As the bus travels down the street in the VR world, I click on each passenger, and hear a recording of Ogle telling me how they got on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the back, a man sits with a boy of about 10. “This is a father, Ray, and his son, named Ethan,” Ogle says in a flat, emotionally neutral tone. “Ethan’s mother suffered from a chronic illness and recently passed away. Left with the hospital bills, Ray is in debt. They’re on a family shelter waiting list. So until free spaces become available, they sleep on the bus at night.\u003cem>“\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271733576″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Empathy is uncomfortable\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jamil Zaki, an assistant professor of psychology at \u003ca href=\"http://ssnl.stanford.edu/\">Stanford’s Social Neuroscience Lab\u003c/a>, helped the VR team design its study, and he says we often go out of our way to avoid feeling empathy. “People are incredibly efficient at cutting the world up into us and them,” Zaki says. “And when they do so, they’re also incredibly efficient at cutting off whoever’s on the other side of that boundary. Even when people acknowledge that someone who’s different from them experiences pain and suffering, they often find ways to blame that individual. They say ‘Well, that person’s having a bad time, but it’s because of the choices that they made. I would never been in that position.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”rSm5iIUjxRt3aztiv3qAbmK9w2V2jhfe”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wearing a VR headset that engages your ears, eyes and even peripheral vision, makes it hard to shut out the pain of the people or avatars in front of you. “Once you understand the world as someone else sees it, and inhabit their inner life, you’re on the hook!” Zaki says. “You now, in essence, have a responsibility to care for that person, and maybe invest in their well-being.”\u003cbr>\nAs University of Southern California VR researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.immersivejournalism.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nonny de la Peña\u003c/a> explained in a recent TED talk, the VR scenario may also force people to confront strong emotions like panic when events occur that they feel powerless to stop. (Even though, physically, you could just take your headset off.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zsLz0mRmEG0]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Testing the technology\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford researchers are looking for a diverse pool of around 1,000 people to test \u003cem>Empathy at Scale\u003c/em> before the end of this year. So they’ve set up a mobile testing unit at places like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tech Museum\u003c/a> in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jhansi Raju, an ophthalmologist from Chicago, tried out the technology while visiting the Tech Museum with her family recently. She found the \u003cem>Hotel 22\u003c/em> sequence most affecting. “It showed the human side of homelessness,” Raju says. “Everyone’s story was so different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raju was especially moved by the story of Ray and his son Ethan. “For me, having a child and imagining how you could live on a bus with a kid, that was very moving and very sad to see,” Rajus says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study tests the level of empathy a user feels after experiencing the VR narratives by asking various questions after he or she goes through the various scenes. It also offers her the option to donate the $10 gift card she got for participating in the study to a local charity. Raju agrees to donate. “I feel like I’m a pretty aware person, in terms of social issues like that,” Raju says. “But going through this process really makes you experience the feelings and the emotions of it.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The burgeoning field of Virtual Reality — or VR as it is commonly known — is a vehicle for telling stories through 360-degree visuals and sound that put you right in the middle of the action, be it at a crowded \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXHil1TPxvA&feature=youtu.be&t=6m30s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Syrian refugee camp\u003c/a>, or inside the body of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.genworth.com/lets-talk/r70i-aging-experience.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">85-year-old with a bad hip and cataracts\u003c/a>. Because of VR’s immersive properties, some people describe the medium as “the ultimate empathy machine.” But can it make people care about something as fraught and multi-faceted as homelessness?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A study in progress at Stanford’s \u003ca href=\"https://vhil.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Virtual Human Interaction Lab\u003c/a> explores that question, and I strapped on an \u003ca href=\"https://www.oculus.com/en-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oculus Rift\u003c/a> headset (one of the most popular devices people currently use to experience VR) to look for an answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new way of understanding homelessness\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, called \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://vhil.stanford.edu/projects/2015/empathy-at-scale/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Empathy at Scale\u003c/a>,\u003c/em> puts participants in a variety of scenes designed to help them imagine the experience of being homeless themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11744366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11744366 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-800x481.jpg\" alt=\"'Empathy at Scale,' a computer simulation developed by Stanford researchers, attempts to help you experience what it is to live as a homeless person.\" width=\"800\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-800x481.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-400x240.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-768x462.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-1180x709.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut-960x577.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/RS19971_HomelessStudy_Scene2-qut.jpg 1449w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Empathy at Scale,’ a computer simulation developed by Stanford researchers, attempts to help you experience what it is to live as a homeless person. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy Stanford’s Virtual Human Interaction Lab)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Unlike VR that uses 360-degree video, this dramatization looks like a low-fi video game, so it’s hard to mistake it for reality. Even so, my brain responded to the immersive environment to some extent as if I did perceive it as real. When a cop pulled up and trained a flashlight into the car, I physically flinched.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people who come into our lab and say ‘I knew that was fake the whole time,’” says \u003cem>Empathy at Scale\u003c/em> project manager Elise Ogle. “But for some people, your brain just can’t determine the difference between real life and this powerful visual stimuli that we’re showing you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The 22 bus line story\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of their research for the project, the creators of \u003cem>Empathy at Scale\u003c/em> incorporated local stories about homelessness. One they found particularly affecting was \u003cem>Hotel 22\u003c/em>, a short documentary by a Stanford student filmmaker about Valley Transportation Authority \u003ca href=\"http://www.vta.org/routes/rt22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bus line 22\u003c/a>, which runs all night between Palo Alto and San Jose. The line is nicknamed “Hotel 22,” because it’s popular with homeless people looking for a safe alternative to sleeping on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/138190538\">\u003cem>Hotel 22\u003c/em> by Elizabeth Lo\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/shortoftheweek\">Short of the Week\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com\">Vimeo\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bus, it turns out, is an ideal virtual reality setting for delivering a variety of stories that show how complex the problem of homelessness is. As the bus travels down the street in the VR world, I click on each passenger, and hear a recording of Ogle telling me how they got on the bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the back, a man sits with a boy of about 10. “This is a father, Ray, and his son, named Ethan,” Ogle says in a flat, emotionally neutral tone. “Ethan’s mother suffered from a chronic illness and recently passed away. Left with the hospital bills, Ray is in debt. They’re on a family shelter waiting list. So until free spaces become available, they sleep on the bus at night.\u003cem>“\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271733576″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271733576″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Empathy is uncomfortable\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jamil Zaki, an assistant professor of psychology at \u003ca href=\"http://ssnl.stanford.edu/\">Stanford’s Social Neuroscience Lab\u003c/a>, helped the VR team design its study, and he says we often go out of our way to avoid feeling empathy. “People are incredibly efficient at cutting the world up into us and them,” Zaki says. “And when they do so, they’re also incredibly efficient at cutting off whoever’s on the other side of that boundary. Even when people acknowledge that someone who’s different from them experiences pain and suffering, they often find ways to blame that individual. They say ‘Well, that person’s having a bad time, but it’s because of the choices that they made. I would never been in that position.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But wearing a VR headset that engages your ears, eyes and even peripheral vision, makes it hard to shut out the pain of the people or avatars in front of you. “Once you understand the world as someone else sees it, and inhabit their inner life, you’re on the hook!” Zaki says. “You now, in essence, have a responsibility to care for that person, and maybe invest in their well-being.”\u003cbr>\nAs University of Southern California VR researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.immersivejournalism.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nonny de la Peña\u003c/a> explained in a recent TED talk, the VR scenario may also force people to confront strong emotions like panic when events occur that they feel powerless to stop. (Even though, physically, you could just take your headset off.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zsLz0mRmEG0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zsLz0mRmEG0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Testing the technology\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford researchers are looking for a diverse pool of around 1,000 people to test \u003cem>Empathy at Scale\u003c/em> before the end of this year. So they’ve set up a mobile testing unit at places like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.thetech.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tech Museum\u003c/a> in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jhansi Raju, an ophthalmologist from Chicago, tried out the technology while visiting the Tech Museum with her family recently. She found the \u003cem>Hotel 22\u003c/em> sequence most affecting. “It showed the human side of homelessness,” Raju says. “Everyone’s story was so different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Raju was especially moved by the story of Ray and his son Ethan. “For me, having a child and imagining how you could live on a bus with a kid, that was very moving and very sad to see,” Rajus says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study tests the level of empathy a user feels after experiencing the VR narratives by asking various questions after he or she goes through the various scenes. It also offers her the option to donate the $10 gift card she got for participating in the study to a local charity. Raju agrees to donate. “I feel like I’m a pretty aware person, in terms of social issues like that,” Raju says. “But going through this process really makes you experience the feelings and the emotions of it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After someone has a health crisis and gets emergency medical care, the patient is sent home to recover. But what if that person has no home? The homeless can’t get well when they go back to the street, and they end up cycling back into expensive hospitals and emergency rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now one program in Southern California has tackled that dilemma by giving people just out of the hospital a place to heal – by turning cheap motels into triage and recovery wards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just up the freeway from Disneyland, in the city of Buena Park in Orange County, Paul Leon stands outside the beat-up remnant of a seedy motel. Above him, a faded pink sign advertises the Coral Motel – whose rooms back in its prime cost 35 bucks a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This particular motel was going to be taken back by the city of Buena Park,” Leon says, “because of the drugs, alcohol, prostitution at the motel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_204668\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-204668\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/homeless-hotel-10-e1467050104697.jpg\" alt=\"The Coral Motel in Buena Park, Calif., used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care, serves as a respite for people needing a place to recover after being discharged from the hospital. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Coral Motel in Buena Park, Calif., used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care, serves as a respite for people needing a place to recover after being discharged from the hospital. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon had another idea. As a public health nurse in Orange County, he proposed turning the motel lobby into a triage center and converting the rooms into clean recovery facilities for homeless people recently released from local hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Usually recuperative care centers are pricey to set up — but this, Leon says, was just the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The beauty of this, it’s the poor man’s recuperative,” Leon says. “They’re not the Hyatt or the Hilton, but they do serve a purpose for us. The costs to run it are much less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The motel recovery room costs about half as much as a hospital would, that’s about $2,000 less per person for each day. In some ways, it’s better than being at home, because it has a nurse on staff to help supervise care and handle complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elvin Quiñones is one of the patients staying at the Coral Motel. He walks me across the motel parking lot so he can show off his previous home -– a small white Datsun B210 sedan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll show you my house,” he says, “it’s not very big.”\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_204670\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-204670\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/homeless-hotel-13-e1467050409396.jpg\" alt=\"After Elvin Quiñones had gallbladder surgery, he didn’t have anywhere to recover. He ended up at the motel used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After Elvin Quiñones had gallbladder surgery, he didn’t have anywhere to recover. He ended up at the motel used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Quiñones is a solid guy, and it’s hard to picture him crammed in the car along with his two dogs. In the days right after his gall bladder operation, he had a bunch of medical gear, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll be honest, I was sleeping in front of Walmart, the 24-hour Walmart, because they had a bathroom,” Quiñones says. “I still had a tube stuck inside me that was draining, so I needed someplace where I could empty out the drain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>Being homeless and helpless, he says, is “surreal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>“You think you’re going to wake up, and it’ll all be a nightmare. And you wake up and it’s not,” he says. “It’s just the next day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week after his medical release, the hospital called and helped place him in the motel. Ginny Ripslinger is a nurse administrator at St. Joseph’s Hospital in the city of Orange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a new model of care for Orange County,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over and above any state payments from Medi-Cal, California’s health care program for the poor, hospitals and health insurers are happy to pony up some cash, she says. They save money by stabilizing these patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than that, Ripslinger says, it’s just the right thing to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t want to discharge them to the street,” she says. “And there’s an obligation on the hospitals to provide continuity of care and safe discharges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While those homeless patients are recovering in the motel room over two or three weeks, there’s a hidden benefit, Ripslinger says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might say they’re a captured audience. We can then provide the social services and the linkages to the community for stable housing and get them in a protected environment,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_204664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1921px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-204664\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/homeless-hotel-2-e1467049303242.jpg\" alt=\"Victor Ramirez, 61, uses his ventilator at the men’s dorm at the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care in Santa Fe Springs, Calif.\" width=\"1921\" height=\"1282\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Victor Ramirez, 61, uses his ventilator at the men’s dorm at the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care in Santa Fe Springs, Calif. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon launched the homeless services nonprofit called the Illumination Foundation to help provide those community links and health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The foundation now has expanded the motel model of care to six sites in four counties –- Orange, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino — and Leon says he has been working with dozens of cities across the country to establish similar models elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re just starting and you don’t have a recuperative care program,” Leon says, “one easy quick method is to use motels. They could basically start within days to house some of the patients that are the most vulnerable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every city has a homeless problem, he adds, and every city has its own version of the beat-up Coral Motel. It’s a rare opportunity, Leon says, to turn two big problems into one solution.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After someone has a health crisis and gets emergency medical care, the patient is sent home to recover. But what if that person has no home? The homeless can’t get well when they go back to the street, and they end up cycling back into expensive hospitals and emergency rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now one program in Southern California has tackled that dilemma by giving people just out of the hospital a place to heal – by turning cheap motels into triage and recovery wards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just up the freeway from Disneyland, in the city of Buena Park in Orange County, Paul Leon stands outside the beat-up remnant of a seedy motel. Above him, a faded pink sign advertises the Coral Motel – whose rooms back in its prime cost 35 bucks a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This particular motel was going to be taken back by the city of Buena Park,” Leon says, “because of the drugs, alcohol, prostitution at the motel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_204668\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-204668\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/homeless-hotel-10-e1467050104697.jpg\" alt=\"The Coral Motel in Buena Park, Calif., used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care, serves as a respite for people needing a place to recover after being discharged from the hospital. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Coral Motel in Buena Park, Calif., used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care, serves as a respite for people needing a place to recover after being discharged from the hospital. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon had another idea. As a public health nurse in Orange County, he proposed turning the motel lobby into a triage center and converting the rooms into clean recovery facilities for homeless people recently released from local hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Usually recuperative care centers are pricey to set up — but this, Leon says, was just the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The beauty of this, it’s the poor man’s recuperative,” Leon says. “They’re not the Hyatt or the Hilton, but they do serve a purpose for us. The costs to run it are much less.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The motel recovery room costs about half as much as a hospital would, that’s about $2,000 less per person for each day. In some ways, it’s better than being at home, because it has a nurse on staff to help supervise care and handle complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elvin Quiñones is one of the patients staying at the Coral Motel. He walks me across the motel parking lot so he can show off his previous home -– a small white Datsun B210 sedan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll show you my house,” he says, “it’s not very big.”\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_204670\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-204670\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/homeless-hotel-13-e1467050409396.jpg\" alt=\"After Elvin Quiñones had gallbladder surgery, he didn’t have anywhere to recover. He ended up at the motel used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">After Elvin Quiñones had gallbladder surgery, he didn’t have anywhere to recover. He ended up at the motel used by the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Quiñones is a solid guy, and it’s hard to picture him crammed in the car along with his two dogs. In the days right after his gall bladder operation, he had a bunch of medical gear, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll be honest, I was sleeping in front of Walmart, the 24-hour Walmart, because they had a bathroom,” Quiñones says. “I still had a tube stuck inside me that was draining, so I needed someplace where I could empty out the drain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>Being homeless and helpless, he says, is “surreal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>“You think you’re going to wake up, and it’ll all be a nightmare. And you wake up and it’s not,” he says. “It’s just the next day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week after his medical release, the hospital called and helped place him in the motel. Ginny Ripslinger is a nurse administrator at St. Joseph’s Hospital in the city of Orange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a new model of care for Orange County,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over and above any state payments from Medi-Cal, California’s health care program for the poor, hospitals and health insurers are happy to pony up some cash, she says. They save money by stabilizing these patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than that, Ripslinger says, it’s just the right thing to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t want to discharge them to the street,” she says. “And there’s an obligation on the hospitals to provide continuity of care and safe discharges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While those homeless patients are recovering in the motel room over two or three weeks, there’s a hidden benefit, Ripslinger says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You might say they’re a captured audience. We can then provide the social services and the linkages to the community for stable housing and get them in a protected environment,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_204664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1921px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-204664\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/homeless-hotel-2-e1467049303242.jpg\" alt=\"Victor Ramirez, 61, uses his ventilator at the men’s dorm at the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care in Santa Fe Springs, Calif.\" width=\"1921\" height=\"1282\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Victor Ramirez, 61, uses his ventilator at the men’s dorm at the Illumination Foundation Recuperative Care in Santa Fe Springs, Calif. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon launched the homeless services nonprofit called the Illumination Foundation to help provide those community links and health services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The foundation now has expanded the motel model of care to six sites in four counties –- Orange, Los Angeles, Riverside, San Bernardino — and Leon says he has been working with dozens of cities across the country to establish similar models elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re just starting and you don’t have a recuperative care program,” Leon says, “one easy quick method is to use motels. They could basically start within days to house some of the patients that are the most vulnerable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every city has a homeless problem, he adds, and every city has its own version of the beat-up Coral Motel. It’s a rare opportunity, Leon says, to turn two big problems into one solution.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'To Have and Have Not': The Early Days of Bay Area Homelessness",
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"headTitle": "SF Homeless Project | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Once upon a time there were no homeless people in San Francisco. Or California. Or the country, for that matter. Really. At least not in the way we have come to define “the homeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I remember when I first saw homeless people on the streets of San Francisco. It was fall of 1982 and I was producing a local documentary for KQED called “To Have and Have Not” about the growing gap between rich and poor in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Recession, unemployment, cutbacks in federal support and a breakdown in mental health services -- all this formed a perfect storm.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Sound familiar?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Tenderloin and other run-down corners of the city, my TV crew and I began to notice and speak with people who told us they had nowhere to live. I’d been renting a place in the city for five years. I was accustomed to a few panhandlers downtown, winos and derelicts in the Tenderloin, some runaways in the Haight. But this was different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly, St. Anthony’s Dining Hall was swamped with people needing a free meal. Emergency shelters were overrun. At night, people huddled in storefronts in the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing more and more women and children,” Clare Doyle, the director of a Catholic-run soup kitchen in the Mission, told us. “More families. More children who come in here by themselves, sometimes with jars saying, ‘Can I have some soup to take home to my mom?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10998213\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10998213 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-1920x1080.jpg\" alt=\"tohaveandhavenot\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A still from the 1983 KQED documentary. (KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This was shocking and it was new. Homeless people in San Francisco. No one was sure how many, but emergency shelters were taking in close to a thousand, while many more eked out a life in the alleys and the parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why was this happening?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, we were in the middle of a recession. Twelve million people were unemployed across the country, 1.5 million in California, and 150,000 in the Bay Area. Manufacturing plants were shutting down, people were hurting. It was the beginning of what we now know as “the de-industrialization of America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsweek declared it “The Hard-Luck Christmas of ’82,” saying “with 12 million unemployed and 2 million homeless, private charity cannot make up for federal cutbacks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was the other reason: cutbacks. Under President Ronald Reagan, who was elected in 1980, the government had slashed federal housing subsidies and poverty programs, including food stamps. Low-cost housing was vanishing, especially in cities like San Francisco, where the housing market was already tight and expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10998258\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1418px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10998258\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2.jpg\" alt='A still from the 1983 KQED documentary, \"To Have and Have Not.\"' width=\"1418\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2.jpg 1418w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-400x305.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-800x609.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-1180x899.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-960x731.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1418px) 100vw, 1418px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A still from the 1983 KQED documentary, \"To Have and Have Not.\" \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There was at least one more cause of this new homeless calamity: the closing of mental health hospitals without creating an adequate safety net of neighborhood clinics and support services. This process had begun in the '70s but deepened every year. “We have a lot more people with emotional problems,” Doyle told us at her shelter in the Mission. “A lot of people who have been dumped out of the mental health system literally with a handful of Thorazine and dumped on the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recession, unemployment, cutbacks in federal support for housing and the poor, and a breakdown in mental health services -- all this formed a perfect storm, and the victims were people we began to call “the homeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s, when a third of the country was unemployed, and sprawling camps of the hungry and desperate – “Hoovervilles” – emerged everywhere from New York’s Central Park to downtown L.A.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in some ways it had a nastier edge. The homeless in San Francisco in the early 1980s lived in the midst of recession-proof wealth. They were surrounded by those with old Pacific Heights money and the new prosperity of Silicon Valley entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. In Los Gatos, a Ferrari dealer told me he was experiencing record sales. Sometimes customers forked over $80,000 in cash for a new sports car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my lifetime, which began in the postwar prosperity of the ’50s and '60s, this “tale of two cities” clash was the beginning of the long era of “income inequality” that has so divided our country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"rectangular\" ids=\"10998256,10998255\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are scenes in “To Have and Have Not” of homeless people and their advocates starting to organize and march on City Hall to demand and receive emergency shelter. There’s also a skirmish in which police drag off some homeless men who refused to leave the temporary sanctuary of a broken-down Muni bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, this is still what’s happening, still the way we treat the homeless: provide services, which are ample but never enough, tolerate a certain level of suffering on the streets, and resort to criminal prosecution and even police shootings when someone feels threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty-four years after I first saw and filmed homeless people in the City of St. Francis, I never expected to see this crisis still festering, still unresolved. And I have the same thought I had back then: We are a resilient, democratic, prosperous society, but at what point does a city, a country, become so economically divided that it tears itself apart?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Stephen Talbot was a staff reporter and producer at KQED-TV from 1980 to 1989. He went on to become a producer for the PBS series \"Frontline,\" but has returned to KQED over the years to produce documentaries like “The Celebrity and the City” about Jerry Brown as mayor of Oakland and the show \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/soundtracks/\">“Sound Tracks: Music Without Borders.”\u003c/a> He just completed senior producing an independent documentary in Indianapolis called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/underthebridgedoc/\" target=\"_blank\">“Under the Bridge: The Criminalization of Homelessness.”\u003c/a> Talbot now works for \u003ca href=\"http://itvs.org/\">ITVS\u003c/a>, the San Francisco-based nonprofit that runs the documentary series \"Independent Lens.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Once upon a time there were no homeless people in San Francisco. Or California. Or the country, for that matter. Really. At least not in the way we have come to define “the homeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I remember when I first saw homeless people on the streets of San Francisco. It was fall of 1982 and I was producing a local documentary for KQED called “To Have and Have Not” about the growing gap between rich and poor in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Recession, unemployment, cutbacks in federal support and a breakdown in mental health services -- all this formed a perfect storm.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Sound familiar?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Tenderloin and other run-down corners of the city, my TV crew and I began to notice and speak with people who told us they had nowhere to live. I’d been renting a place in the city for five years. I was accustomed to a few panhandlers downtown, winos and derelicts in the Tenderloin, some runaways in the Haight. But this was different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly, St. Anthony’s Dining Hall was swamped with people needing a free meal. Emergency shelters were overrun. At night, people huddled in storefronts in the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing more and more women and children,” Clare Doyle, the director of a Catholic-run soup kitchen in the Mission, told us. “More families. More children who come in here by themselves, sometimes with jars saying, ‘Can I have some soup to take home to my mom?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10998213\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10998213 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-1920x1080.jpg\" alt=\"tohaveandhavenot\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A still from the 1983 KQED documentary. (KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This was shocking and it was new. Homeless people in San Francisco. No one was sure how many, but emergency shelters were taking in close to a thousand, while many more eked out a life in the alleys and the parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why was this happening?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, we were in the middle of a recession. Twelve million people were unemployed across the country, 1.5 million in California, and 150,000 in the Bay Area. Manufacturing plants were shutting down, people were hurting. It was the beginning of what we now know as “the de-industrialization of America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsweek declared it “The Hard-Luck Christmas of ’82,” saying “with 12 million unemployed and 2 million homeless, private charity cannot make up for federal cutbacks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that was the other reason: cutbacks. Under President Ronald Reagan, who was elected in 1980, the government had slashed federal housing subsidies and poverty programs, including food stamps. Low-cost housing was vanishing, especially in cities like San Francisco, where the housing market was already tight and expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10998258\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1418px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10998258\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2.jpg\" alt='A still from the 1983 KQED documentary, \"To Have and Have Not.\"' width=\"1418\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2.jpg 1418w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-400x305.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-800x609.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-1180x899.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/tohaveandhavenot_1-2-960x731.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1418px) 100vw, 1418px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A still from the 1983 KQED documentary, \"To Have and Have Not.\" \u003ccite>(KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There was at least one more cause of this new homeless calamity: the closing of mental health hospitals without creating an adequate safety net of neighborhood clinics and support services. This process had begun in the '70s but deepened every year. “We have a lot more people with emotional problems,” Doyle told us at her shelter in the Mission. “A lot of people who have been dumped out of the mental health system literally with a handful of Thorazine and dumped on the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recession, unemployment, cutbacks in federal support for housing and the poor, and a breakdown in mental health services -- all this formed a perfect storm, and the victims were people we began to call “the homeless.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s, when a third of the country was unemployed, and sprawling camps of the hungry and desperate – “Hoovervilles” – emerged everywhere from New York’s Central Park to downtown L.A.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in some ways it had a nastier edge. The homeless in San Francisco in the early 1980s lived in the midst of recession-proof wealth. They were surrounded by those with old Pacific Heights money and the new prosperity of Silicon Valley entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. In Los Gatos, a Ferrari dealer told me he was experiencing record sales. Sometimes customers forked over $80,000 in cash for a new sports car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my lifetime, which began in the postwar prosperity of the ’50s and '60s, this “tale of two cities” clash was the beginning of the long era of “income inequality” that has so divided our country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are scenes in “To Have and Have Not” of homeless people and their advocates starting to organize and march on City Hall to demand and receive emergency shelter. There’s also a skirmish in which police drag off some homeless men who refused to leave the temporary sanctuary of a broken-down Muni bus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many ways, this is still what’s happening, still the way we treat the homeless: provide services, which are ample but never enough, tolerate a certain level of suffering on the streets, and resort to criminal prosecution and even police shootings when someone feels threatened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty-four years after I first saw and filmed homeless people in the City of St. Francis, I never expected to see this crisis still festering, still unresolved. And I have the same thought I had back then: We are a resilient, democratic, prosperous society, but at what point does a city, a country, become so economically divided that it tears itself apart?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Stephen Talbot was a staff reporter and producer at KQED-TV from 1980 to 1989. He went on to become a producer for the PBS series \"Frontline,\" but has returned to KQED over the years to produce documentaries like “The Celebrity and the City” about Jerry Brown as mayor of Oakland and the show \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/soundtracks/\">“Sound Tracks: Music Without Borders.”\u003c/a> He just completed senior producing an independent documentary in Indianapolis called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/underthebridgedoc/\" target=\"_blank\">“Under the Bridge: The Criminalization of Homelessness.”\u003c/a> Talbot now works for \u003ca href=\"http://itvs.org/\">ITVS\u003c/a>, the San Francisco-based nonprofit that runs the documentary series \"Independent Lens.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "S.F. Homeless Problem Looks the Same as It Did 20 Years Ago",
"title": "S.F. Homeless Problem Looks the Same as It Did 20 Years Ago",
"headTitle": "SF Homeless Project | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Fifty years ago, the destitute figures who dotted America’s streets were called winos and hobos, and in San Francisco they mainly stuck to Third Street’s Skid Row.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, with the end of the Vietnam War, battle-shocked veterans began filling urban alleyways. The 1980s brought Reaganomics’ decimation of federal social and housing programs, and a cascade of the poor and mentally ill landed on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of that decade, a new term had entered the lexicon of San Francisco and the rest of the nation: homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271154169\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, despite the efforts of six mayoral administrations dating back to Dianne Feinstein, homelessness is stamped into the city so deeply it has become a defining characteristic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco initially responded by providing temporary, spartan shelters. Now, it permanently houses thousands of people salvaged from the streets through multimillion-dollar residential and counseling programs. But still, the city remains home to sprawling tent cities, junkies squatting on blankets shooting heroin, and all manner of anguished destitute people and beggars holding out hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The city’s last official one-day count, in 2015, put the adult homeless population at 6,686. But another city survey puts the total closer to 10,000, and many officials and advocates for homeless people say the number may be higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the case, homelessness in San Francisco doesn’t look much different than it did 10 years ago. Or 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Money has always been part of the problem -- no matter how much the city has spent, it has never been enough. But homelessness has also persisted because of a lack of focus and because good intentions have fallen short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000154\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless woman from the encampment on 5th Street near the Bay Bridge entrance laid in the sidewalk and street Tuesday March 3, 2015. Homeless encampments are still prevalent in San Francisco, Calif. and their locations are becoming more apparent.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-400x270.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-960x649.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless woman from the encampment on 5th Street near the Bay Bridge entrance laid in the sidewalk and street Tuesday March 3, 2015. Homeless encampments are still prevalent in San Francisco, Calif. and their locations are becoming more apparent. \u003ccite>(Brant Ward/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shelters Weren’t Answer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-1980s, as a growing number of street people began living out of shopping carts downtown, Mayor Feinstein joined the rest of the country in adopting the shelter-bed-and-a-sandwich approach. Offer a place of respite, the thought was, and they can turn it around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It didn’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities from San Francisco to New York learned that without dealing with the underlying factors that cause the most acutely troubled people to lose their housing -- mental illness, substance abuse, disabilities and joblessness -- temporary shelters accomplish little. That realization led to another: Doing more than just providing a cot for the night is incredibly expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco has been a national leader in getting people off the streets and into housing where they receive the counseling services they need. Since 2004, it has put more than 22,000 people under roofs. But it now spends $241 million a year on homeless programs -- more than double the budget for the city Recreation and Park Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such spending can seem like sand shoveled into a tide. Workers at the eight city departments and 76 private and nonprofit organizations who devote themselves to restoring street-ravaged lives say there has been a lot of progress, but no end of frustration and criticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I shake my head and think, ‘What are we trying to do here?’” Mayor Ed Lee said one day as he watched a homeless camp being disassembled and its inhabitants moved into the city’s one-stop Navigation Center of homeless housing services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying everything we can,” Lee said. “It takes time. It is not easy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Why Can’t They Do More?’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khalid Abdul-Rahim, who works as a security guard along the Embarcadero, regularly has to shoo homeless people away from Justin Herman Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They do new shelters like that Navigation Center, but why can’t they do more real housing permanently?” he asked one rainy night last winter as he watched three people shiver under thin blankets in a bus shelter. “I had one guy pull a fork on me to stab me once out here. I see people all the time hungry, sleeping outside, miserable. How can this be in a city this rich? It’s about humanity. Shouldn’t be this way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few understand the misery of homelessness better than Daniel Pledger. Born and raised in San Francisco, he’s been without a roof off and on for many of his 65 years -- a notable exception being when he played bass in the locally popular punk band Seizure in the 1970s and ’80s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pledger has spent most of the past year sleeping on the streets around Potrero Hill. He kicked heroin five years ago, but his struggles with alcohol have gotten him evicted from one place after another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to have a wife,” he said recently, sitting on a Tenderloin sidewalk with a Hefty bag full of his clothes. “I had a place to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I am the invisible man. People walk right by me. I have to get control of this demon -- of the booze -- but there are a lot of guys like me out here. Have they given up on us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>First Innovation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Art Agnos took the first step in San Francisco to move beyond overnight shelters. In the late 1980s, he created two large complexes with not just beds, but also mental health and substance-abuse counselors on site -- what have come to be called supportive services. He envisioned a program that would direct street people from there into permanent housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there wasn’t enough housing available. As Agnos struggled to ramp up his plans, a colony of homeless people in front of City Hall grew into the hundreds and was derisively dubbed “Camp Agnos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 1990, Agnos finally ordered police to sweep out the Civic Center squatters, abandoning his promise to transition them inside. Yet the stench of civic ineffectiveness had set in. The homelessness issue Agnos had taken on with such hope sank his bid for re-election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the shelter-counseling complexes that Agnos created are mere shelters -- and he remains frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do know what to do, but we haven’t had the conviction or the commitment to make it happen,” Agnos said. “We could end homelessness as a commonplace occurrence in American cities if we adopted the same kind of commitment we did in addressing World War II: if we treat it like we want to win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But until the public and the politicians who serve them say we are going to win this, we won’t. There is a bright spot here and there, and bleakness in everything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who succeeded Agnos as mayor, former Police Chief Frank Jordan, changed tactics, using police as outreach workers as well as enforcers. Under his Matrix program, their job was to clear the streets of homeless camps and aggressive panhandlers and steer them into housing and counseling programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But again, there weren’t enough programs to handle the thousands of indigents on the streets. And enlisting police as social workers drew ceaseless attacks from the city’s progressives, torpedoing Jordan’s re-election bid as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Willie Brown followed with efforts at supportive housing, but ultimately -- and famously -- declared the homeless problem unsolvable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His successor, Gavin Newsom, took the most aggressive stance yet toward tackling the issue. In 2004, he announced a 10-year plan to end chronic homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it failed to reach that goal, it did result in moving 22,000 homeless people off the streets into either housing or onto buses headed home. And in the past few years, the majority of the city’s destitute military veterans -- many suffering post-traumatic stress from as far back as the 1970s -- have been moved indoors, thanks in part to a national effort led by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet the city’s streets look the same today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a mythology that you can, quote unquote, end homelessness at any moment,” Newsom said in 2014. “But there are new people coming in, suffering through the cycles of their lives. It’s the manifestation of complete, abject failure as a society. We’ll never solve this at City Hall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Supervisor Angela Alioto, who was in charge of crafting the 10-year plan, says it failed because it didn’t create enough counseling and engagement, not just for street people, but for those already housed -- some of whom still panhandle, making the homeless landscape look even worse than it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to do housing, what I call ‘minute clinics’ for health and counseling in every building, and get the homeless involved in things that make them feel good about themselves -- volunteer work, charity, whatever,” Alioto said recently as she handed out dollar bills to a couple of panhandlers in North Beach. “It’s about dignity. Housing is not the end, it’s the beginning, if you really want to get everyone off the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000156\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000156\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless panhandler plied his trade as traffic came off the freeway near 13th Street Wednesday July 15, 2015. Although San Francisco housed over 3,000 homeless people in the last two years, the overall homeless count stubbornly remains about the same. \" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-800x581.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-400x290.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-960x697.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless panhandler plied his trade as traffic came off the freeway near 13th Street Wednesday July 15, 2015. Although San Francisco housed over 3,000 homeless people in the last two years, the overall homeless count stubbornly remains about the same. \u003ccite>(Brant Ward/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Different Types of Homeless\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What became clear over all the years is that the city’s homeless population is anything but homogeneous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, there are about 1,300 homeless people in San Francisco in either individual or family shelters, and another 1,500 in jail, transitional housing, hospitals or otherwise indoors. Some 3,500 are estimated to be “unsheltered,” and about half of those make up the hard-core street population -- the most obvious, most troubled and most expensive homeless people in the city to care for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estimates by San Francisco officials and by the Silicon Valley Economic Roundtable are that each of those chronic cases costs about $80,000 a year in police, jail, ambulance and other tabs. By contrast, it costs about $20,000 a year to keep a person in a supportive environment -- the permanent housing where on-site mental therapists, substance abuse counselors and other social workers can help keep a person off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many chronically homeless people crowd into the Tenderloin, where soup kitchens, rehab clinics and poverty-aid organizations are centered. Homeless drug addicts have spread into areas where their dealers are easiest to find: heroin in the Mission District, methamphetamine around Division Street, crack in the Tenderloin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mental Illness\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most heart-rending subpopulation is made up of the mentally ill. Here, good intentions are at the heart of how San Francisco’s streets became an open-air mental ward, with deranged people railing at telephone poles or passersby, or muttering to themselves for hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the 1960s and ’70s, state-run mental institutions, where troubled people were once committed against their will, came to be seen by advocates as a means of violating individuals’ rights. Closing them saved money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With their demise, the plan, supported by both conservatives and liberals, was for community-based centers across the country to help people instead -- but those were underfunded. The result: A growing population of mentally ill people were turned loose to fend for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s estimated that a third or more of homeless people in San Francisco and nationally suffer from mental illness. The city would need hundreds of new psychiatric-care beds to get them off the sidewalks -- the current inventory of fewer than 1,000 is not nearly enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if it created those beds, getting people into them is difficult. Unless they are judged a danger to themselves or others, the mentally ill can’t be forced into care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example: Tatiana and Oksana, Ukrainian immigrants who speak little English and give no last name. Believed to be mother and daughter, they’ve been on the streets for at least a decade, with brief stints in emergency housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pair pose no threat as they push their heaped shopping cart through downtown and the Mission, sleeping in doorways and glancing suspiciously at everyone who passes by, so they can’t be compelled to leave the streets. Any conversation with them veers quickly, wildly off track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two social workers, barred by state privacy rules from being identified, interviewed them several times. They concluded that Tatiana is in her 50s and Oksana is in her 30s, and that they are probably mentally ill or impaired. For three years, social workers have tried to get them to give their required permission for psychiatric care -- but the pair won’t commit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Afraid of the ‘Russkies’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two women have repeatedly told The Chronicle through Ukrainian interpreters they don’t need help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re afraid of everyone, afraid we’ll be sent back to the old country,” Tatiana said. “Russians want us to leave the city, they are bad, they are everywhere, but we won’t go. We’re not homeless. We are just on the street. We will not go inside where the Russkies can get us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mental health programs weren’t the only ones bludgeoned by budget cuts. Federal housing aid and social programs were slashed by as much as 80 percent in the 1980s, and state and local governments couldn’t catch up. Many of the people who wound up homeless that decade have never left the street, pushing the average age among the street population to 58.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Millions in Poverty\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, with the minimum wage supplying about half or less of the buying power it did in 1980 and about 30 percent of Americans living at or near poverty level, there is a continual flow of people becoming homeless, said Peter Edelman, a Georgetown University law professor specializing in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We never even replaced the affordable-housing support that was destroyed in the 1980s, so if you want to solve homelessness, you need to not have so much poverty,” Edelman said. “What we’ve got is a problem of homelessness created because we haven’t done what we should have in the first place, so now we have to handle it in the second place -- with techniques like supportive housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one area in which San Francisco, with among the highest rents and greatest gulfs between rich and poor in the country, is actually a leader in innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, the city has refined a system of sending outreach counselors into the street to persuade the chronically indigent to accept housing, shelter, employment or medical help -- and then move into permanent supportive housing before they can wander off again. In the past 12 years, San Francisco has put about 12,000 people into such housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is that the city is at least 2,500 supportive-housing units short of what it needs to clear the streets of the most expensive and visible chronically homeless people -- about 1,500 of them -- and to stay ahead of the incoming chronic population every year. But that’s not insurmountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation could be dramatically improved through new private-public funding models, cheaper forms of modular housing, and streamlining techniques for helping people move out of supportive housing after they’ve been stabilized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the city’s shelters were expanded by hundreds of beds, and fashioned more along the lines of the 15-month-old Navigation Center, they could finally become the routing tools into housing that Agnos envisioned a quarter-century ago. The center at Mission and 16th streets takes in street campers with their partners, pets and gear and surrounds them with case managers to help them get their lives together quickly. The city is already heading that way: A second center is scheduled to open at Market and 12th streets this week, and the Board of Supervisors has voted to open five more Navigation Centers over the next two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the city’s establishment of a new Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing, streamlining city services for street people under one roof into a more direct focus on housing and counseling, San Francisco has its best opportunity in years to clear the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to do what we need to do,” said Jeff Kositsky, head of the new department. “The approach now is the same -- we just have to be creative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bit of Optimism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Friedenbach, whose Coalition on Homelessness advocacy group has spent decades pushing the city to create more housing and services for the indigent, is skeptically optimistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though Matrix is in the trash bin of history and police leaders insist cracking down isn’t the way to solve homelessness, Friedenbach said, the city still puts too much emphasis on breaking up camps whose residents have nowhere good to go and issuing tickets for quality-of-life violations like sitting on sidewalks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Wasting Money’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A city report in May that found taxpayers spend $20 million a year enforcing such laws quantifies the futility of the effort, she said. To Friedenbach, ticketing street people boils down to just two things: “San Francisco is either ruining homeless people’s lives and wasting money, or harassing homeless people and wasting money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With little to show for it, it is time for a new approach,” she said. For Friedenbach, “new” actually means ramping up old concepts -- more efficiently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s about money,” she said. “We need a sustained revenue source to double the housing units for homeless people, and to do prevention to keep people in their homes and to not become homeless to begin with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not that complicated,” she said. “I think in San Francisco, people are ready to do something different. But then, I’ve seen that before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kevin Fagan is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. Email: kfagan@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @KevinChron\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>About this project: This week, the Chronicle will join more than 70 other news organizations to focus San Francisco’s attention on the seemingly intractable problem of homelessness in our city. The S.F. Homeless Project aims to explore possible solutions that might ease, if not end, the suffering of so many thousands of unfortunate people living on our streets, and improve the quality of life for all residents. The project’s primary day of coverage is June 29, but the Chronicle will publish stories and editorials all week. Videos, interactive graphics, and coverage from other media can be found online at \u003ca href=\"http://sfchronicle.com/homeless\">sfchronicle.com/homeless\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://medium.com/sfhomelessproject\">sfhomelessproject\u003c/a>.com, and on Twitter at @bayareahomeless. Join the online conversation at #sfhomelessproject.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fifty years ago, the destitute figures who dotted America’s streets were called winos and hobos, and in San Francisco they mainly stuck to Third Street’s Skid Row.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, with the end of the Vietnam War, battle-shocked veterans began filling urban alleyways. The 1980s brought Reaganomics’ decimation of federal social and housing programs, and a cascade of the poor and mentally ill landed on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of that decade, a new term had entered the lexicon of San Francisco and the rest of the nation: homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271154169&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/271154169'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, despite the efforts of six mayoral administrations dating back to Dianne Feinstein, homelessness is stamped into the city so deeply it has become a defining characteristic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco initially responded by providing temporary, spartan shelters. Now, it permanently houses thousands of people salvaged from the streets through multimillion-dollar residential and counseling programs. But still, the city remains home to sprawling tent cities, junkies squatting on blankets shooting heroin, and all manner of anguished destitute people and beggars holding out hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The city’s last official one-day count, in 2015, put the adult homeless population at 6,686. But another city survey puts the total closer to 10,000, and many officials and advocates for homeless people say the number may be higher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the case, homelessness in San Francisco doesn’t look much different than it did 10 years ago. Or 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Money has always been part of the problem -- no matter how much the city has spent, it has never been enough. But homelessness has also persisted because of a lack of focus and because good intentions have fallen short.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000154\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless woman from the encampment on 5th Street near the Bay Bridge entrance laid in the sidewalk and street Tuesday March 3, 2015. Homeless encampments are still prevalent in San Francisco, Calif. and their locations are becoming more apparent.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-800x541.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-400x270.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_01_1920-960x649.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless woman from the encampment on 5th Street near the Bay Bridge entrance laid in the sidewalk and street Tuesday March 3, 2015. Homeless encampments are still prevalent in San Francisco, Calif. and their locations are becoming more apparent. \u003ccite>(Brant Ward/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shelters Weren’t Answer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-1980s, as a growing number of street people began living out of shopping carts downtown, Mayor Feinstein joined the rest of the country in adopting the shelter-bed-and-a-sandwich approach. Offer a place of respite, the thought was, and they can turn it around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It didn’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities from San Francisco to New York learned that without dealing with the underlying factors that cause the most acutely troubled people to lose their housing -- mental illness, substance abuse, disabilities and joblessness -- temporary shelters accomplish little. That realization led to another: Doing more than just providing a cot for the night is incredibly expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco has been a national leader in getting people off the streets and into housing where they receive the counseling services they need. Since 2004, it has put more than 22,000 people under roofs. But it now spends $241 million a year on homeless programs -- more than double the budget for the city Recreation and Park Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such spending can seem like sand shoveled into a tide. Workers at the eight city departments and 76 private and nonprofit organizations who devote themselves to restoring street-ravaged lives say there has been a lot of progress, but no end of frustration and criticism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I shake my head and think, ‘What are we trying to do here?’” Mayor Ed Lee said one day as he watched a homeless camp being disassembled and its inhabitants moved into the city’s one-stop Navigation Center of homeless housing services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying everything we can,” Lee said. “It takes time. It is not easy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Why Can’t They Do More?’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khalid Abdul-Rahim, who works as a security guard along the Embarcadero, regularly has to shoo homeless people away from Justin Herman Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They do new shelters like that Navigation Center, but why can’t they do more real housing permanently?” he asked one rainy night last winter as he watched three people shiver under thin blankets in a bus shelter. “I had one guy pull a fork on me to stab me once out here. I see people all the time hungry, sleeping outside, miserable. How can this be in a city this rich? It’s about humanity. Shouldn’t be this way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few understand the misery of homelessness better than Daniel Pledger. Born and raised in San Francisco, he’s been without a roof off and on for many of his 65 years -- a notable exception being when he played bass in the locally popular punk band Seizure in the 1970s and ’80s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pledger has spent most of the past year sleeping on the streets around Potrero Hill. He kicked heroin five years ago, but his struggles with alcohol have gotten him evicted from one place after another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I used to have a wife,” he said recently, sitting on a Tenderloin sidewalk with a Hefty bag full of his clothes. “I had a place to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I am the invisible man. People walk right by me. I have to get control of this demon -- of the booze -- but there are a lot of guys like me out here. Have they given up on us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>First Innovation\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Art Agnos took the first step in San Francisco to move beyond overnight shelters. In the late 1980s, he created two large complexes with not just beds, but also mental health and substance-abuse counselors on site -- what have come to be called supportive services. He envisioned a program that would direct street people from there into permanent housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there wasn’t enough housing available. As Agnos struggled to ramp up his plans, a colony of homeless people in front of City Hall grew into the hundreds and was derisively dubbed “Camp Agnos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 1990, Agnos finally ordered police to sweep out the Civic Center squatters, abandoning his promise to transition them inside. Yet the stench of civic ineffectiveness had set in. The homelessness issue Agnos had taken on with such hope sank his bid for re-election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the shelter-counseling complexes that Agnos created are mere shelters -- and he remains frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We do know what to do, but we haven’t had the conviction or the commitment to make it happen,” Agnos said. “We could end homelessness as a commonplace occurrence in American cities if we adopted the same kind of commitment we did in addressing World War II: if we treat it like we want to win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But until the public and the politicians who serve them say we are going to win this, we won’t. There is a bright spot here and there, and bleakness in everything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man who succeeded Agnos as mayor, former Police Chief Frank Jordan, changed tactics, using police as outreach workers as well as enforcers. Under his Matrix program, their job was to clear the streets of homeless camps and aggressive panhandlers and steer them into housing and counseling programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But again, there weren’t enough programs to handle the thousands of indigents on the streets. And enlisting police as social workers drew ceaseless attacks from the city’s progressives, torpedoing Jordan’s re-election bid as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Willie Brown followed with efforts at supportive housing, but ultimately -- and famously -- declared the homeless problem unsolvable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His successor, Gavin Newsom, took the most aggressive stance yet toward tackling the issue. In 2004, he announced a 10-year plan to end chronic homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it failed to reach that goal, it did result in moving 22,000 homeless people off the streets into either housing or onto buses headed home. And in the past few years, the majority of the city’s destitute military veterans -- many suffering post-traumatic stress from as far back as the 1970s -- have been moved indoors, thanks in part to a national effort led by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet the city’s streets look the same today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a mythology that you can, quote unquote, end homelessness at any moment,” Newsom said in 2014. “But there are new people coming in, suffering through the cycles of their lives. It’s the manifestation of complete, abject failure as a society. We’ll never solve this at City Hall.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Supervisor Angela Alioto, who was in charge of crafting the 10-year plan, says it failed because it didn’t create enough counseling and engagement, not just for street people, but for those already housed -- some of whom still panhandle, making the homeless landscape look even worse than it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to do housing, what I call ‘minute clinics’ for health and counseling in every building, and get the homeless involved in things that make them feel good about themselves -- volunteer work, charity, whatever,” Alioto said recently as she handed out dollar bills to a couple of panhandlers in North Beach. “It’s about dignity. Housing is not the end, it’s the beginning, if you really want to get everyone off the streets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11000156\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11000156\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"A homeless panhandler plied his trade as traffic came off the freeway near 13th Street Wednesday July 15, 2015. Although San Francisco housed over 3,000 homeless people in the last two years, the overall homeless count stubbornly remains about the same. \" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-800x581.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-400x290.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/homeless_share_06_1920-960x697.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A homeless panhandler plied his trade as traffic came off the freeway near 13th Street Wednesday July 15, 2015. Although San Francisco housed over 3,000 homeless people in the last two years, the overall homeless count stubbornly remains about the same. \u003ccite>(Brant Ward/San Francisco Chronicle)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Different Types of Homeless\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What became clear over all the years is that the city’s homeless population is anything but homogeneous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, there are about 1,300 homeless people in San Francisco in either individual or family shelters, and another 1,500 in jail, transitional housing, hospitals or otherwise indoors. Some 3,500 are estimated to be “unsheltered,” and about half of those make up the hard-core street population -- the most obvious, most troubled and most expensive homeless people in the city to care for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estimates by San Francisco officials and by the Silicon Valley Economic Roundtable are that each of those chronic cases costs about $80,000 a year in police, jail, ambulance and other tabs. By contrast, it costs about $20,000 a year to keep a person in a supportive environment -- the permanent housing where on-site mental therapists, substance abuse counselors and other social workers can help keep a person off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many chronically homeless people crowd into the Tenderloin, where soup kitchens, rehab clinics and poverty-aid organizations are centered. Homeless drug addicts have spread into areas where their dealers are easiest to find: heroin in the Mission District, methamphetamine around Division Street, crack in the Tenderloin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mental Illness\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most heart-rending subpopulation is made up of the mentally ill. Here, good intentions are at the heart of how San Francisco’s streets became an open-air mental ward, with deranged people railing at telephone poles or passersby, or muttering to themselves for hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the 1960s and ’70s, state-run mental institutions, where troubled people were once committed against their will, came to be seen by advocates as a means of violating individuals’ rights. Closing them saved money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With their demise, the plan, supported by both conservatives and liberals, was for community-based centers across the country to help people instead -- but those were underfunded. The result: A growing population of mentally ill people were turned loose to fend for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s estimated that a third or more of homeless people in San Francisco and nationally suffer from mental illness. The city would need hundreds of new psychiatric-care beds to get them off the sidewalks -- the current inventory of fewer than 1,000 is not nearly enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if it created those beds, getting people into them is difficult. Unless they are judged a danger to themselves or others, the mentally ill can’t be forced into care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example: Tatiana and Oksana, Ukrainian immigrants who speak little English and give no last name. Believed to be mother and daughter, they’ve been on the streets for at least a decade, with brief stints in emergency housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pair pose no threat as they push their heaped shopping cart through downtown and the Mission, sleeping in doorways and glancing suspiciously at everyone who passes by, so they can’t be compelled to leave the streets. Any conversation with them veers quickly, wildly off track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two social workers, barred by state privacy rules from being identified, interviewed them several times. They concluded that Tatiana is in her 50s and Oksana is in her 30s, and that they are probably mentally ill or impaired. For three years, social workers have tried to get them to give their required permission for psychiatric care -- but the pair won’t commit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Afraid of the ‘Russkies’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two women have repeatedly told The Chronicle through Ukrainian interpreters they don’t need help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re afraid of everyone, afraid we’ll be sent back to the old country,” Tatiana said. “Russians want us to leave the city, they are bad, they are everywhere, but we won’t go. We’re not homeless. We are just on the street. We will not go inside where the Russkies can get us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mental health programs weren’t the only ones bludgeoned by budget cuts. Federal housing aid and social programs were slashed by as much as 80 percent in the 1980s, and state and local governments couldn’t catch up. Many of the people who wound up homeless that decade have never left the street, pushing the average age among the street population to 58.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Millions in Poverty\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, with the minimum wage supplying about half or less of the buying power it did in 1980 and about 30 percent of Americans living at or near poverty level, there is a continual flow of people becoming homeless, said Peter Edelman, a Georgetown University law professor specializing in poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We never even replaced the affordable-housing support that was destroyed in the 1980s, so if you want to solve homelessness, you need to not have so much poverty,” Edelman said. “What we’ve got is a problem of homelessness created because we haven’t done what we should have in the first place, so now we have to handle it in the second place -- with techniques like supportive housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one area in which San Francisco, with among the highest rents and greatest gulfs between rich and poor in the country, is actually a leader in innovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, the city has refined a system of sending outreach counselors into the street to persuade the chronically indigent to accept housing, shelter, employment or medical help -- and then move into permanent supportive housing before they can wander off again. In the past 12 years, San Francisco has put about 12,000 people into such housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is that the city is at least 2,500 supportive-housing units short of what it needs to clear the streets of the most expensive and visible chronically homeless people -- about 1,500 of them -- and to stay ahead of the incoming chronic population every year. But that’s not insurmountable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The situation could be dramatically improved through new private-public funding models, cheaper forms of modular housing, and streamlining techniques for helping people move out of supportive housing after they’ve been stabilized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the city’s shelters were expanded by hundreds of beds, and fashioned more along the lines of the 15-month-old Navigation Center, they could finally become the routing tools into housing that Agnos envisioned a quarter-century ago. The center at Mission and 16th streets takes in street campers with their partners, pets and gear and surrounds them with case managers to help them get their lives together quickly. The city is already heading that way: A second center is scheduled to open at Market and 12th streets this week, and the Board of Supervisors has voted to open five more Navigation Centers over the next two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the city’s establishment of a new Department of Homelessness and Supportive Housing, streamlining city services for street people under one roof into a more direct focus on housing and counseling, San Francisco has its best opportunity in years to clear the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to do what we need to do,” said Jeff Kositsky, head of the new department. “The approach now is the same -- we just have to be creative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bit of Optimism\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Friedenbach, whose Coalition on Homelessness advocacy group has spent decades pushing the city to create more housing and services for the indigent, is skeptically optimistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though Matrix is in the trash bin of history and police leaders insist cracking down isn’t the way to solve homelessness, Friedenbach said, the city still puts too much emphasis on breaking up camps whose residents have nowhere good to go and issuing tickets for quality-of-life violations like sitting on sidewalks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Wasting Money’\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A city report in May that found taxpayers spend $20 million a year enforcing such laws quantifies the futility of the effort, she said. To Friedenbach, ticketing street people boils down to just two things: “San Francisco is either ruining homeless people’s lives and wasting money, or harassing homeless people and wasting money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With little to show for it, it is time for a new approach,” she said. For Friedenbach, “new” actually means ramping up old concepts -- more efficiently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s about money,” she said. “We need a sustained revenue source to double the housing units for homeless people, and to do prevention to keep people in their homes and to not become homeless to begin with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not that complicated,” she said. “I think in San Francisco, people are ready to do something different. But then, I’ve seen that before.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Kevin Fagan is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. Email: kfagan@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @KevinChron\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>About this project: This week, the Chronicle will join more than 70 other news organizations to focus San Francisco’s attention on the seemingly intractable problem of homelessness in our city. The S.F. Homeless Project aims to explore possible solutions that might ease, if not end, the suffering of so many thousands of unfortunate people living on our streets, and improve the quality of life for all residents. The project’s primary day of coverage is June 29, but the Chronicle will publish stories and editorials all week. Videos, interactive graphics, and coverage from other media can be found online at \u003ca href=\"http://sfchronicle.com/homeless\">sfchronicle.com/homeless\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://medium.com/sfhomelessproject\">sfhomelessproject\u003c/a>.com, and on Twitter at @bayareahomeless. Join the online conversation at #sfhomelessproject.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A nonprofit serving San Rafael’s homeless has set off a community wide debate about what services should be provided to Marin County’s homeless population and where. The Ritter Center has reached an agreement with city officials to move its services, like showers and a medical center, elsewhere. That agreement comes on the tail of complaints from businesses and residents that the center was attracting homeless residents to San Rafael’s small downtown. We’ll discuss how one of the nation’s wealthiest counties is coping with an enduring problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Related Links:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli class=\"title entry-title cleanprint-title\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.marinij.com/article/NO/20160614/LOCAL1/160619898\">San Rafael Leaders are Working on a Homeless Solution\u003c/a> (Marin Independent Journal)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"title entry-title cleanprint-title\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.rittercenter.org/\">Ritter Center’s Website\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "San Franciscans to Vote on 'Housing Not Tents' Homelessness Measure",
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"content": "\u003cp>We're sure you remember San Francisco's great \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/01/s-f-clearing-homeless-holdouts-from-division-street-neighborhood\" target=\"_blank\">homeless tent sweep of 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, city officials decided \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/25/s-f-supervisor-scott-wiener-city-needs-fast-response-to-homeless-tent-camps\" target=\"_blank\">they'd had it\u003c/a> with the growing presence of tent encampments along \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/01/life-on-division-street-i-never-thought-it-would-be-part-of-my-walk?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=socialmedia&utm_campaign=kqedmain\" target=\"_blank\">Division Street\u003c/a>, beneath the elevated 101 freeway, and forced the street dwellers to move.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>While some of the people living in tents went to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/04/a-visit-to-pier-80-s-f-s-temporary-homeless-shelter-in-remote-corner-of-city\" target=\"_blank\">a temporary shelter\u003c/a> at Pier 80, most of the tent residents appear to have merely carried their belongings to new locations, as they have for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now comes the next step in the city's campaign to make the tents vanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Supervisor Mark Farrell submitted a \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbos.org/index.aspx?page=19368\" target=\"_blank\">Housing Not Tents\u003c/a>\" measure for the November ballot that will make it easier for public officials to clear camps from the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The laws that are on the books are not directly applicable to our tent encampments right now,\" said Farrell, whose District 2 includes Pacific Heights, Sea Cliff and the Marina. \"They are used -- our police code is used, and blocking the right-of-way laws are used -- to really enforce the encampments and make sure they don't grow, but this is something that we wanted to make very specific.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure would permit the city to remove tents, provided it offers specific shelter or housing opportunities to the people living there. A tent camp could also be removed if a resident participates in the city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhsa.org/79.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Homeward Bound\u003c/a> program -- an initiative under which the city pays for bus tickets for homeless residents who have out-of-town family or friends willing to take them in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Housing Not Tents\" proposal would require the city to give 24 hours' notice that it intends to remove an encampment. It would also require the city to store camp residents' belongings for 90 days after a removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing the ballot measure, Farrell disputed the notion that allowing people to live in tents is a compassionate option for people who can't or won't find other housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reality is nobody is getting healthier, nobody is getting better,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrell placed the initiative on the ballot with the backing of fellow Board of Supervisors moderates Scott Wiener, Katy Tang and Malia Cohen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor John Avalos, a member of the board's progressive majority, blasted the measure Tuesday and accused Farrell and allies of playing politics with homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are not enough shelter beds for all the people living in encampments,” Avalos \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Tent-city-law-headed-to-ballot-in-SF-8316714.php\" target=\"_blank\">told the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>. “We all know it. So why this legislation? It’s a fallacy, and they are just politicizing the ballot in a desperate move to give moderates some issue to campaign on in November.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of clearing the camps, which house an undetermined number of the city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/S-F-homeless-population-getting-sicker-older-6387308.php\" target=\"_blank\">roughly 6,700 homeless residents\u003c/a>, Avalos and some advocates for the homeless would like the city to provide basic services for them.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nKQED's Stephanie Martin Taylor contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>We're sure you remember San Francisco's great \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/01/s-f-clearing-homeless-holdouts-from-division-street-neighborhood\" target=\"_blank\">homeless tent sweep of 2016\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, city officials decided \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/01/25/s-f-supervisor-scott-wiener-city-needs-fast-response-to-homeless-tent-camps\" target=\"_blank\">they'd had it\u003c/a> with the growing presence of tent encampments along \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/01/life-on-division-street-i-never-thought-it-would-be-part-of-my-walk?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=socialmedia&utm_campaign=kqedmain\" target=\"_blank\">Division Street\u003c/a>, beneath the elevated 101 freeway, and forced the street dwellers to move.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>While some of the people living in tents went to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/04/a-visit-to-pier-80-s-f-s-temporary-homeless-shelter-in-remote-corner-of-city\" target=\"_blank\">a temporary shelter\u003c/a> at Pier 80, most of the tent residents appear to have merely carried their belongings to new locations, as they have for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now comes the next step in the city's campaign to make the tents vanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, Supervisor Mark Farrell submitted a \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbos.org/index.aspx?page=19368\" target=\"_blank\">Housing Not Tents\u003c/a>\" measure for the November ballot that will make it easier for public officials to clear camps from the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The laws that are on the books are not directly applicable to our tent encampments right now,\" said Farrell, whose District 2 includes Pacific Heights, Sea Cliff and the Marina. \"They are used -- our police code is used, and blocking the right-of-way laws are used -- to really enforce the encampments and make sure they don't grow, but this is something that we wanted to make very specific.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure would permit the city to remove tents, provided it offers specific shelter or housing opportunities to the people living there. A tent camp could also be removed if a resident participates in the city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfhsa.org/79.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Homeward Bound\u003c/a> program -- an initiative under which the city pays for bus tickets for homeless residents who have out-of-town family or friends willing to take them in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Housing Not Tents\" proposal would require the city to give 24 hours' notice that it intends to remove an encampment. It would also require the city to store camp residents' belongings for 90 days after a removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In announcing the ballot measure, Farrell disputed the notion that allowing people to live in tents is a compassionate option for people who can't or won't find other housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reality is nobody is getting healthier, nobody is getting better,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrell placed the initiative on the ballot with the backing of fellow Board of Supervisors moderates Scott Wiener, Katy Tang and Malia Cohen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor John Avalos, a member of the board's progressive majority, blasted the measure Tuesday and accused Farrell and allies of playing politics with homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are not enough shelter beds for all the people living in encampments,” Avalos \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/Tent-city-law-headed-to-ballot-in-SF-8316714.php\" target=\"_blank\">told the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>. “We all know it. So why this legislation? It’s a fallacy, and they are just politicizing the ballot in a desperate move to give moderates some issue to campaign on in November.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of clearing the camps, which house an undetermined number of the city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/S-F-homeless-population-getting-sicker-older-6387308.php\" target=\"_blank\">roughly 6,700 homeless residents\u003c/a>, Avalos and some advocates for the homeless would like the city to provide basic services for them.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nKQED's Stephanie Martin Taylor contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Targeting and Healing Medi-Cal's Most Expensive Patients -- And Saving Money",
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"content": "\u003cp>SANTA FE SPRINGS -- Don Meade may not like hospitals, but he uses them. In just one year, he made 62 trips to the emergency room. He rattles off the names of local hospitals in Orange and Los Angeles counties like they're a handful of pills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"St. Joseph's, Laguna Hills,\" he says. \"The best one for me around here is PIH in Whittier.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It was them relying on the ER for everything. They got a common cold, they’d run to the ER.'\u003ccite> John Simmons, lead nurse in Chronic Care Plus program\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At 52, Meade has chronic heart disease and other serious ailments, and he is recovering from a longtime addiction to crack cocaine. Today, he lives with his dog Scrappy in a small apartment in Fullerton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As health care costs continue to rise, attention has turned to a tiny number of expensive patients like Meade, called super-utilizers. One program in Southern California has taken a different approach to treating Meade and other high-cost patients: Over the past two years, it has tracked them, healed them and saved a ton of money along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond making a trip to the ER pretty much every week of the year, Meade has had innumerable X-rays, scans, tests and hospital admissions — all of it on the taxpayers' and hospitals' dime, since he is a beneficiary of Medi-Cal, the state and federal program for the poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The doctors and a few nurses knew me [by name], and I told them I should get some stock in the hospital because I was there so much,\" he muses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/270183668\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meade received more than $1 million in care each year in the two years before he entered the Orange County program, according to Paul León, CEO of the Illumination Foundation, which runs the Chronic Care Plus program that has stabilized Meade and found him housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's crazy,\" says Maria Raven, an associate professor at UC San Francisco who specializes in frequent-user policy. \"This small group of people makes quite an impact on the health care system, and on the finances of the health care system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within Medi-Cal, frequent health care users make up just 1 percent of the patient population, but soak up about one-fourth of health care spending, according to Dr. Kenneth Kizer at the Institute for Population Health Improvement at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why health professionals across California have started targeting this problem group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_201680\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-201680 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/super-utilizer-6-e1466531188307.jpg\" alt=\"Donald Meade plays with his puppy, Scrappy, at his new apartment in Fullerton, Calif.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Donald Meade plays with his puppy, Scrappy, at his new apartment in Fullerton, California. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a small, busy room in a facility in Santa Fe Springs, just up Interstate 5 from Disneyland, the Chronic Care Plus program's lead nurse, John Simmons, directs care for a select group of homeless frequent users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simmons says the big secret about these health care frequent fliers is that they're not necessarily the sickest patients -- they're often just homeless, with substance abuse or mental health issues, and they routinely end up in the emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was them relying on the ER for everything,\" Simmons says. \"They got a common cold, they’d want to run to the ER.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To break the cycle, Simmons does what is known as intensive care coordination. He helps the 37 participants, including Don Meade, find housing, get off drugs, get access to services and make an appointment with a primary care doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Illumination Foundation, a homeless health services group based in Orange County, started the program with the goal of breaking the vicious cycle into which these people had fallen, and then following them over a two-year period. That length of time, Simmons says, can change their lives for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The beauty of the program was, we took those people and got them self-sufficient,\" Simmons says, \"and you notice their health [go] on an upward trend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program saved $14 million in health care spending for just those 37 people over two years, compared with the two years prior to the launch of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That doesn't count the savings of requiring fewer police and emergency transportation services, Simmons says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saving so much money with so few participants is an open invitation to expand the program, says Pat Brydges, an administrator at St. Joseph's Hospital, which helped fund the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are homeless people in every city in every state,\" Brydges says. \"There's no reason why this wouldn't work across the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is consistent with St. Joseph's mission to help all people, and the cost savings is an extra perk, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pauses briefly to contemplate how much money would be saved if this tiny pilot program went national.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wow, I don’t even know if I could count that much,\" Brydges says. \"But if we can do $14 million in this one area alone, it’s amazing what we could do across the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in his Fullerton apartment, Meade says he now sees a primary care doctor instead of going to the emergency department. His weekly trips to the hospital have decreased, though he still has ongoing heart and health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being followed by program coordinators over such a long time has really made a difference in his life, Meade says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the stress leaves after you’re in your own home, but if you're out in the street you’re worried so much all the time,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting off the street is one thing, Meade says, but staying off the street is another. It's not just that he has his own doctor now, and better health. He has a new life, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Illumination Foundation plans to release data at the end of June on its first two years.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SANTA FE SPRINGS -- Don Meade may not like hospitals, but he uses them. In just one year, he made 62 trips to the emergency room. He rattles off the names of local hospitals in Orange and Los Angeles counties like they're a handful of pills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"St. Joseph's, Laguna Hills,\" he says. \"The best one for me around here is PIH in Whittier.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'It was them relying on the ER for everything. They got a common cold, they’d run to the ER.'\u003ccite> John Simmons, lead nurse in Chronic Care Plus program\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>At 52, Meade has chronic heart disease and other serious ailments, and he is recovering from a longtime addiction to crack cocaine. Today, he lives with his dog Scrappy in a small apartment in Fullerton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As health care costs continue to rise, attention has turned to a tiny number of expensive patients like Meade, called super-utilizers. One program in Southern California has taken a different approach to treating Meade and other high-cost patients: Over the past two years, it has tracked them, healed them and saved a ton of money along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond making a trip to the ER pretty much every week of the year, Meade has had innumerable X-rays, scans, tests and hospital admissions — all of it on the taxpayers' and hospitals' dime, since he is a beneficiary of Medi-Cal, the state and federal program for the poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The doctors and a few nurses knew me [by name], and I told them I should get some stock in the hospital because I was there so much,\" he muses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/270183668&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/270183668'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meade received more than $1 million in care each year in the two years before he entered the Orange County program, according to Paul León, CEO of the Illumination Foundation, which runs the Chronic Care Plus program that has stabilized Meade and found him housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's crazy,\" says Maria Raven, an associate professor at UC San Francisco who specializes in frequent-user policy. \"This small group of people makes quite an impact on the health care system, and on the finances of the health care system.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within Medi-Cal, frequent health care users make up just 1 percent of the patient population, but soak up about one-fourth of health care spending, according to Dr. Kenneth Kizer at the Institute for Population Health Improvement at UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's why health professionals across California have started targeting this problem group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_201680\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-201680 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/super-utilizer-6-e1466531188307.jpg\" alt=\"Donald Meade plays with his puppy, Scrappy, at his new apartment in Fullerton, Calif.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Donald Meade plays with his puppy, Scrappy, at his new apartment in Fullerton, California. \u003ccite>(Heidi de Marco/KHN)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a small, busy room in a facility in Santa Fe Springs, just up Interstate 5 from Disneyland, the Chronic Care Plus program's lead nurse, John Simmons, directs care for a select group of homeless frequent users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Simmons says the big secret about these health care frequent fliers is that they're not necessarily the sickest patients -- they're often just homeless, with substance abuse or mental health issues, and they routinely end up in the emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was them relying on the ER for everything,\" Simmons says. \"They got a common cold, they’d want to run to the ER.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To break the cycle, Simmons does what is known as intensive care coordination. He helps the 37 participants, including Don Meade, find housing, get off drugs, get access to services and make an appointment with a primary care doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Illumination Foundation, a homeless health services group based in Orange County, started the program with the goal of breaking the vicious cycle into which these people had fallen, and then following them over a two-year period. That length of time, Simmons says, can change their lives for good.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The beauty of the program was, we took those people and got them self-sufficient,\" Simmons says, \"and you notice their health [go] on an upward trend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program saved $14 million in health care spending for just those 37 people over two years, compared with the two years prior to the launch of the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That doesn't count the savings of requiring fewer police and emergency transportation services, Simmons says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saving so much money with so few participants is an open invitation to expand the program, says Pat Brydges, an administrator at St. Joseph's Hospital, which helped fund the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are homeless people in every city in every state,\" Brydges says. \"There's no reason why this wouldn't work across the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is consistent with St. Joseph's mission to help all people, and the cost savings is an extra perk, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pauses briefly to contemplate how much money would be saved if this tiny pilot program went national.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wow, I don’t even know if I could count that much,\" Brydges says. \"But if we can do $14 million in this one area alone, it’s amazing what we could do across the nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in his Fullerton apartment, Meade says he now sees a primary care doctor instead of going to the emergency department. His weekly trips to the hospital have decreased, though he still has ongoing heart and health problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being followed by program coordinators over such a long time has really made a difference in his life, Meade says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the stress leaves after you’re in your own home, but if you're out in the street you’re worried so much all the time,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting off the street is one thing, Meade says, but staying off the street is another. It's not just that he has his own doctor now, and better health. He has a new life, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Illumination Foundation plans to release data at the end of June on its first two years.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How One Veteran Got Housing After 25 Years of Homelessness",
"title": "How One Veteran Got Housing After 25 Years of Homelessness",
"headTitle": "SF Homeless Project | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The thick surgical scars running up and down George Arthur’s arms, chest and neck tell a story of pain, tragedy and incredible survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am programmed to survive,\" George tells me in one of the many conversations we’ve had over the past four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George learned some of his survival skills during a brief stint in the military. But his real test has been on the streets. For the past 25 years or so he’s lived in flophouses, shelters, parks, sometimes on the sidewalk. He's survived drug overdoses, brutal fights and a dramatic suicide attempt that's claimed the lives of more than 1,500 other people: a leap from the Golden Gate Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/265149628\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, military veterans like George made up as much as half the homeless population in some American cities. But in recent years there’s been surprising progress and the number of vets living in shelters and on the streets has dropped by as much as 50 percent. Are there clues here for solving our broader homeless crisis? Maybe. But one thing is clear to me. The push to help vets is radically changing the lives of people like George Arthur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met George for the first time four years ago, not on the streets but behind bars. I was touring a San Francisco jail facility where officers were showing off a special section for incarcerated military veterans, part of a program called COVER. It was something the Sheriff’s Department was proud of -- a relatively peaceful place without a lot of the violence and racial tension endemic to most California lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When I entered the cell area, inmates were hanging out in the day room working on an art project. George approached me and in a soft voice said he wanted to talk. He told me he'd been in and out of jail and prison for drugs and petty theft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The revolving door,\" he said with a timid smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Few people have survived a fall from the Golden Gate Bridge. Even fewer were ever able to walk again.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>George is about 6 feet tall, with short brown hair, a craggy face and deep-set eyes. His body is sinewy and crooked and got me thinking about a statue that’s about to topple over. I noticed he was walking stiffly and seemed to be in pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I literally have enough metal on the inside of my skin, holding my bones together, that I shouldn’t be breathing,\" he told me. \"I shouldn’t even be walking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I asked George what he needed most, he said it's obvious: a safe place to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you don't have housing -- you know, literally being out on the streets -- it's a lot easier on the streets if you are on dope,\" George said. \"You know, it just is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962464\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-800x1528.jpg\" alt=\"Artist Joel Daniel Phillips drew this charcoal and graphite portrait of George Arthur.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1528\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962464\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-800x1528.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-400x764.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-1180x2254.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-960x1834.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist Joel Daniel Phillips drew this charcoal and graphite portrait of George Arthur. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Joel Daniel Phillips)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>George was right. After he got out of jail he went back to the streets and back to drugs. It was kind of strange because I kept bumping into George. I’d see him passing by KQED on his way to San Francisco General Hospital. Or in front of Trader Joe's on Bryant Street. Or near my son's school on Nob Hill. Sometimes he was in a daze and didn't recognize me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he started showing up near my house in the Lower Haight. On Sundays he’d grab a free breakfast at a nearby church and sit on a bench to watch the dogs playing in Duboce Park. One morning I found him lounging in the sun with his shirt off, reading a paperback (Plato's \"Republic\"), nibbling on a bagel and smiling at a small white terrier named Pepper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George recognized me and I joined him on the bench. He talked about trying to get housing at a newly opened facility for homeless vets called Veterans Commons. But there seemed to be obstacles. His mood darkened as he talked about the daily struggles of life on the street, especially the challenge of staying safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Often times I feel as though I'm in combat,\" he said. \"Or in a combat environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was two years ago, about the time George got a new caseworker named Charlie Berman. He's a social worker at Citywide Case Management, a program that provides services to San Francisco's homeless and mentally ill. By the time Berman was assigned the case, George had racked up more than 200 visits to treatment programs and the emergency room. He was belligerent. Sometimes violent. Berman explained to me that George had multiple brain injuries that made it hard to remember people and events and to put things together to make good decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">George looks back on these years as a slow-motion suicide. 'Killing myself, killing the developed me... That’s what I was doing.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"George is someone who's been through a lot,\" he said. \"He's a survivor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first met George I assumed his injuries happened in combat. But it turns out he was never in combat because his time in the military was very brief. George joined the Marines back in the late 1980s, hoping to follow in his father’s footsteps in the military. But he flunked out of basic training due to a shoulder injury and allegations of drug use prior to enlisting. It's a failure that still haunts George today. He was living in Chicago at the time. He got married and had a son who died just a few days after birth. So George came West to escape his grief. But in San Francisco his marriage fell apart and he got deeper and deeper into drugs -- weed, meth, cocaine. He got into brutal fights and had a bad motorcycle accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George looks back on these years as a slow-motion suicide. \"Killing myself, killing the developed me,\" he says. \"That’s what I was doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeply troubled, George decided to end his life. He remembers hopping the bus to San Francisco’s Presidio -- the former Army base. He drank a bottle of scotch and made his way up to the Golden Gate Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got a copy of the Coast Guard report from that day, March 9, 2008. It describes officers rushing to the center of the bridge to save a man who was hanging by his hands from a railing. That man was George. The officers tried to talk him back but he let go and plunged more than 200 feet into the water. A Coast Guard boat had been alerted and the crew quickly pulled him out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few people have survived a fall from the Golden Gate Bridge. Even fewer were ever able to walk again. George's recovery was brutal -- he spent months immobilized in a hospital. His case wasn't picked up by the media. I could find no record of it on the Internet, and other survivors I spoke with have never heard of George. But over the years he’s shared his story with therapists, caseworkers and people he meets on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-800x702.jpg\" alt=\"Artist Joel Daniel Phillips creates iconic, life-size drawings of people living on the streets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"702\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-800x702.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-400x351.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-1180x1036.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-960x843.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist Joel Daniel Phillips creates iconic, life-size drawings of people living on the streets. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Shaun Robert)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One day about a year ago an artist named Joel Daniel Phillips was taking photographs at Sixth and Mission streets, images he uses to create iconic, life-size drawings of people living on the streets. He met George and they ended up talking for nearly an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He told me the basic synopsis of his story and I was totally astounded,\" Phillips said. \"There are so many people who are, essentially, social dark matter. Who, for a variety of reasons, we don't know how to respond to. People that we walk by and refuse to make eye contact with, even. There are so many stories that aren't told that are just as compelling or even more compelling because they're overlooked.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips snapped a couple of photos and from those images drew a portrait of George that's part of a larger series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that time, George didn’t know about the growing push to get veterans off the streets, the billions of dollars the Obama administration was pumping into housing and support programs. In San Francisco, officials created a registry to prioritize the most urgent cases. But when it came to getting George housing, some people thought he wasn't ready. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wasn't sober and since he barely served in the military he didn't qualify for most VA benefits. But George made it onto the veterans' registry anyway. And after being homeless for nearly 25 years, he got his own apartment at Veterans Commons a few months ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962452\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-800x810.jpg\" alt=\"George Arthur enters his new apartment in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"810\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962452\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-800x810.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-400x405.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-1180x1195.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-960x972.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Arthur enters his new apartment in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Alexander Cwalinski/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Charlie Berman helped George move in, he recalls it was deeply emotional for both men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"George has such a pattern in his life of things not working out that for him actually to get what he wants, what he hoped for, is a big deal,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George now had a place to live in one of America's most expensive cities. But Berman is the first to admit that arriving from the streets to a new apartment is a major challenge. I saw that close-up when I joined him on a check-in visit a few weeks after George got his new place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we entered the studio apartment, George was in a fog and told us he was stoned. Clothes, paper and food were scattered around the room. We sat at a small kitchen table and chatted, and then Berman helped George pick things up. By the time we left, George was feeling better. Berman noted the obvious: Housing is not a cure-all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are these very tangible benefits for George that we can see,\" he told me. \"He's not going to the hospital as much. He's making our appointments for the first time ever on time. It’s amazing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'There are so many people who are, essentially, social dark matter. Who, for a variety of reasons, we don't know how to respond to.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And at the same time George continues to struggle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Something that I've talked to him about is certain behaviors like saving things you find on the ground. Or being aggressive and fighting with people as a way to defend yourself are really functional and make a lot of sense when you're living on the street, but just don't translate well into being housed,” Berman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Focusing resources on long-term homeless vets like George is paying off around California. Since 2011, Los Angeles, San Diego, Riverside, Fresno and San Francisco have all seen steady declines in the number of military veterans living on the streets or in shelters by as much as 50 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Veterans in the last five years, compared to other homeless subpopulations, have received a great deal of resources,” said Leon Winston, chief operating officer at Swords to Plowshares, the group that operates the Veterans Commons facility, just south of Market Street. \"It’s been a bit of an embarrassment of riches.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962458\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-800x825.jpg\" alt=\"George Arthur poses with reporter Michael Montgomery (L) and artist Joel Daniel Phillips (R), who holds the portrait he drew of George.\" width=\"800\" height=\"825\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962458\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-800x825.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-400x412.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-1180x1216.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-960x990.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Arthur poses with reporter Michael Montgomery (L) and artist Joel Daniel Phillips (R), who holds the portrait he drew of George.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Charlie Berman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a coda to this story, I gathered recently at the offices of Citywide Case Management with George Arthur, Charlie Berman and Joel Daniel Phillips. Phillips brought along his portrait of George, mounted in a heavy frame. In the drawing, George is dressed in a T-shirt, sweatshirt and surf shorts, and is staring straight at the viewer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That’s kind of my look,\" he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George was seeing the portrait for the first time and took a very close look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me wonder what it is that is in his/my mind. It’s really expressive work. There's no question,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told me he liked it. But he had a concern -- what was he to do with the drawing? It was too large to carry around on the streets. I reminded George that he now has an apartment \u003cem>with walls\u003c/em>. He could hang the portrait there. And that’s what he did, and that’s where it is today. At George’s place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's Note: To receive VA health care benefits, recent veterans must have served 24 continuous months or the full period for which they were called to active duty, although there are exceptions. However, as part of the VA’s homeless program, a person can be considered a veteran eligible for certain benefits regardless of the length of active service.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "\"I’m programmed to survive,\" says San Francisco's George Arthur, who has survived overdoses, brutal fights and a suicide attempt that should have killed him.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The thick surgical scars running up and down George Arthur’s arms, chest and neck tell a story of pain, tragedy and incredible survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am programmed to survive,\" George tells me in one of the many conversations we’ve had over the past four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George learned some of his survival skills during a brief stint in the military. But his real test has been on the streets. For the past 25 years or so he’s lived in flophouses, shelters, parks, sometimes on the sidewalk. He's survived drug overdoses, brutal fights and a dramatic suicide attempt that's claimed the lives of more than 1,500 other people: a leap from the Golden Gate Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/265149628&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/265149628'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, military veterans like George made up as much as half the homeless population in some American cities. But in recent years there’s been surprising progress and the number of vets living in shelters and on the streets has dropped by as much as 50 percent. Are there clues here for solving our broader homeless crisis? Maybe. But one thing is clear to me. The push to help vets is radically changing the lives of people like George Arthur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met George for the first time four years ago, not on the streets but behind bars. I was touring a San Francisco jail facility where officers were showing off a special section for incarcerated military veterans, part of a program called COVER. It was something the Sheriff’s Department was proud of -- a relatively peaceful place without a lot of the violence and racial tension endemic to most California lockups.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003cstrong>Homelessness is a complex issue. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">Learn more >>\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/sf-homeless-project\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-800x240.jpg\" alt=\"sfproject3\" width=\"800\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11004769\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/sfproject3-400x120.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When I entered the cell area, inmates were hanging out in the day room working on an art project. George approached me and in a soft voice said he wanted to talk. He told me he'd been in and out of jail and prison for drugs and petty theft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The revolving door,\" he said with a timid smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Few people have survived a fall from the Golden Gate Bridge. Even fewer were ever able to walk again.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>George is about 6 feet tall, with short brown hair, a craggy face and deep-set eyes. His body is sinewy and crooked and got me thinking about a statue that’s about to topple over. I noticed he was walking stiffly and seemed to be in pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I literally have enough metal on the inside of my skin, holding my bones together, that I shouldn’t be breathing,\" he told me. \"I shouldn’t even be walking.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I asked George what he needed most, he said it's obvious: a safe place to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you don't have housing -- you know, literally being out on the streets -- it's a lot easier on the streets if you are on dope,\" George said. \"You know, it just is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962464\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-800x1528.jpg\" alt=\"Artist Joel Daniel Phillips drew this charcoal and graphite portrait of George Arthur.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1528\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962464\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-800x1528.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-400x764.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-1180x2254.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgePortrait-960x1834.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist Joel Daniel Phillips drew this charcoal and graphite portrait of George Arthur. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Joel Daniel Phillips)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>George was right. After he got out of jail he went back to the streets and back to drugs. It was kind of strange because I kept bumping into George. I’d see him passing by KQED on his way to San Francisco General Hospital. Or in front of Trader Joe's on Bryant Street. Or near my son's school on Nob Hill. Sometimes he was in a daze and didn't recognize me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he started showing up near my house in the Lower Haight. On Sundays he’d grab a free breakfast at a nearby church and sit on a bench to watch the dogs playing in Duboce Park. One morning I found him lounging in the sun with his shirt off, reading a paperback (Plato's \"Republic\"), nibbling on a bagel and smiling at a small white terrier named Pepper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George recognized me and I joined him on the bench. He talked about trying to get housing at a newly opened facility for homeless vets called Veterans Commons. But there seemed to be obstacles. His mood darkened as he talked about the daily struggles of life on the street, especially the challenge of staying safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Often times I feel as though I'm in combat,\" he said. \"Or in a combat environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was two years ago, about the time George got a new caseworker named Charlie Berman. He's a social worker at Citywide Case Management, a program that provides services to San Francisco's homeless and mentally ill. By the time Berman was assigned the case, George had racked up more than 200 visits to treatment programs and the emergency room. He was belligerent. Sometimes violent. Berman explained to me that George had multiple brain injuries that made it hard to remember people and events and to put things together to make good decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">George looks back on these years as a slow-motion suicide. 'Killing myself, killing the developed me... That’s what I was doing.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"George is someone who's been through a lot,\" he said. \"He's a survivor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first met George I assumed his injuries happened in combat. But it turns out he was never in combat because his time in the military was very brief. George joined the Marines back in the late 1980s, hoping to follow in his father’s footsteps in the military. But he flunked out of basic training due to a shoulder injury and allegations of drug use prior to enlisting. It's a failure that still haunts George today. He was living in Chicago at the time. He got married and had a son who died just a few days after birth. So George came West to escape his grief. But in San Francisco his marriage fell apart and he got deeper and deeper into drugs -- weed, meth, cocaine. He got into brutal fights and had a bad motorcycle accident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George looks back on these years as a slow-motion suicide. \"Killing myself, killing the developed me,\" he says. \"That’s what I was doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deeply troubled, George decided to end his life. He remembers hopping the bus to San Francisco’s Presidio -- the former Army base. He drank a bottle of scotch and made his way up to the Golden Gate Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I got a copy of the Coast Guard report from that day, March 9, 2008. It describes officers rushing to the center of the bridge to save a man who was hanging by his hands from a railing. That man was George. The officers tried to talk him back but he let go and plunged more than 200 feet into the water. A Coast Guard boat had been alerted and the crew quickly pulled him out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Few people have survived a fall from the Golden Gate Bridge. Even fewer were ever able to walk again. George's recovery was brutal -- he spent months immobilized in a hospital. His case wasn't picked up by the media. I could find no record of it on the Internet, and other survivors I spoke with have never heard of George. But over the years he’s shared his story with therapists, caseworkers and people he meets on the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-800x702.jpg\" alt=\"Artist Joel Daniel Phillips creates iconic, life-size drawings of people living on the streets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"702\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962455\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-800x702.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-400x351.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-1180x1036.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/JoelDanielPhillips-960x843.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist Joel Daniel Phillips creates iconic, life-size drawings of people living on the streets. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Shaun Robert)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One day about a year ago an artist named Joel Daniel Phillips was taking photographs at Sixth and Mission streets, images he uses to create iconic, life-size drawings of people living on the streets. He met George and they ended up talking for nearly an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He told me the basic synopsis of his story and I was totally astounded,\" Phillips said. \"There are so many people who are, essentially, social dark matter. Who, for a variety of reasons, we don't know how to respond to. People that we walk by and refuse to make eye contact with, even. There are so many stories that aren't told that are just as compelling or even more compelling because they're overlooked.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips snapped a couple of photos and from those images drew a portrait of George that's part of a larger series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At that time, George didn’t know about the growing push to get veterans off the streets, the billions of dollars the Obama administration was pumping into housing and support programs. In San Francisco, officials created a registry to prioritize the most urgent cases. But when it came to getting George housing, some people thought he wasn't ready. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He wasn't sober and since he barely served in the military he didn't qualify for most VA benefits. But George made it onto the veterans' registry anyway. And after being homeless for nearly 25 years, he got his own apartment at Veterans Commons a few months ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962452\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-800x810.jpg\" alt=\"George Arthur enters his new apartment in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"810\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962452\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-800x810.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-400x405.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-1180x1195.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-960x972.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-50x50.jpg 50w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgesApartment-96x96.jpg 96w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Arthur enters his new apartment in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Alexander Cwalinski/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When Charlie Berman helped George move in, he recalls it was deeply emotional for both men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"George has such a pattern in his life of things not working out that for him actually to get what he wants, what he hoped for, is a big deal,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George now had a place to live in one of America's most expensive cities. But Berman is the first to admit that arriving from the streets to a new apartment is a major challenge. I saw that close-up when I joined him on a check-in visit a few weeks after George got his new place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we entered the studio apartment, George was in a fog and told us he was stoned. Clothes, paper and food were scattered around the room. We sat at a small kitchen table and chatted, and then Berman helped George pick things up. By the time we left, George was feeling better. Berman noted the obvious: Housing is not a cure-all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are these very tangible benefits for George that we can see,\" he told me. \"He's not going to the hospital as much. He's making our appointments for the first time ever on time. It’s amazing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'There are so many people who are, essentially, social dark matter. Who, for a variety of reasons, we don't know how to respond to.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And at the same time George continues to struggle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Something that I've talked to him about is certain behaviors like saving things you find on the ground. Or being aggressive and fighting with people as a way to defend yourself are really functional and make a lot of sense when you're living on the street, but just don't translate well into being housed,” Berman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Focusing resources on long-term homeless vets like George is paying off around California. Since 2011, Los Angeles, San Diego, Riverside, Fresno and San Francisco have all seen steady declines in the number of military veterans living on the streets or in shelters by as much as 50 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Veterans in the last five years, compared to other homeless subpopulations, have received a great deal of resources,” said Leon Winston, chief operating officer at Swords to Plowshares, the group that operates the Veterans Commons facility, just south of Market Street. \"It’s been a bit of an embarrassment of riches.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10962458\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-800x825.jpg\" alt=\"George Arthur poses with reporter Michael Montgomery (L) and artist Joel Daniel Phillips (R), who holds the portrait he drew of George.\" width=\"800\" height=\"825\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10962458\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-800x825.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-400x412.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-1180x1216.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-960x990.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/GeorgeWithPortrait-32x32.jpg 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Arthur poses with reporter Michael Montgomery (L) and artist Joel Daniel Phillips (R), who holds the portrait he drew of George.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Charlie Berman/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a coda to this story, I gathered recently at the offices of Citywide Case Management with George Arthur, Charlie Berman and Joel Daniel Phillips. Phillips brought along his portrait of George, mounted in a heavy frame. In the drawing, George is dressed in a T-shirt, sweatshirt and surf shorts, and is staring straight at the viewer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That’s kind of my look,\" he said with a laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George was seeing the portrait for the first time and took a very close look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It makes me wonder what it is that is in his/my mind. It’s really expressive work. There's no question,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He told me he liked it. But he had a concern -- what was he to do with the drawing? It was too large to carry around on the streets. I reminded George that he now has an apartment \u003cem>with walls\u003c/em>. He could hang the portrait there. And that’s what he did, and that’s where it is today. At George’s place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's Note: To receive VA health care benefits, recent veterans must have served 24 continuous months or the full period for which they were called to active duty, although there are exceptions. However, as part of the VA’s homeless program, a person can be considered a veteran eligible for certain benefits regardless of the length of active service.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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},
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
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