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"content": "\u003cp>LAS VEGAS -- Marijuana cultivation is a family affair for Los Angeles native David Holmes. A couple of his uncles grew cannabis, as did his brother. But while they were off planting and harvesting, Holmes was busy studying mathematics in college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And at that point I wasn’t really a connoisseur,” says Holmes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 15 years ago, he says, a friend in graduate school turned him on to a particularly potent strain of weed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This insanely resinous cannabis he had grown,” says Holmes, laughing as he recalls the memory. “And he showed me his grow room and it blew my mind. It’s like a laboratory in your house. And I kind of got addicted to cultivation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130316\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Marijuana cultivator David Holmes in the grow room at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas. \" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marijuana cultivator David Holmes in the grow room at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Holmes is now one of the most sought-after cultivators in the business. He maintains a small grow near his home in L.A. for research. At another location he manufactures a plant nutrient called \u003ca href=\"http://clade9nutrients.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Clade9\u003c/a> that he sells to large medical pot growers in California, Arizona and Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes grows a lot of weed, but for other people as a facility designer and cultivation consultant. His latest client is \u003ca href=\"http://www.pegasusnevada.com/home.html\" target=\"_blank\">Pegasus Nevada\u003c/a>. The company just began growing medical marijuana inside a beige two-story warehouse at the edge of the Las Vegas airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The temperature and humidity, the light intensity, all the factors that contribute to plant growth, you can control,” explains Holmes. “Indoors, you can essentially play God.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it’s fully operational, the Pegasus facility will have a cloning room, a space for marijuana extraction, a packaging area and a couple of gymnasium-size flowering rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130318\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"One of the gymnasium-size grow rooms at Pegasus Nevada. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the gymnasium-size grow rooms at Pegasus Nevada. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Right now all the growing is concentrated in what Holmes calls the mother room, a space the size of a two-car garage. On each side, two long rows of plants are fed a steady stream of purified water and a special plant nutrient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we have 19 strains in here,” explains Holmes as he examines the plants. “Each has their own market niche.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asks if I've heard of the variety \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xK9KHSYmDRQ\" target=\"_blank\">\"Girl Scout Cookies\" \u003c/a>and points to a deep-green bushy plant. “It’s a really dense, highly resinous, very nice nose. And maybe more importantly, \u003ca href=\"http://snoopdogg.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Snoop Dogg\u003c/a> rapped about it,” he laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pegasus didn’t bring Holmes aboard just to help it grow potent, high-quality pot, but to help it grow its business beyond medical sales. Pegasus is among a slew of medical marijuana firms that have sprouted up in Nevada since the state adopted regulations for legal sales for medical purposes three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right from the very beginning we liked his approach. It was very data-driven, metric-driven,” says Ranson Shepherd, operations manager for Pegasus Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130320\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-800x559.jpg\" alt=\"David Holmes with his ‘mother’ plants at Pegasus Nevada. \" width=\"800\" height=\"559\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-800x559.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-400x279.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-1180x824.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-960x671.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Holmes with his ‘mother’ plants at Pegasus Nevada. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Each room was specifically designed accordingly and set up for full automation. So he can log in anytime of the day, take a look and see where we’re having challenges,” says Shepherd. “It’s all tracked in data, (but) a lot of guys in the industry now are still operating without those kind of systems to guide their business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this kind of technical and scientific precision that Pegasus aims to capitalize on now that Nevada voters look like they, too, are ready to approve a \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Nevada_Marijuana_Legalization,_Question_2_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\">pot legalization ballot measure\u003c/a> similar to California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_64,_Marijuana_Legalization_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 64\u003c/a>, which would allow adults to legally possess up to an ounce of weed and grow up to six plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if Proposition 64 passes, you can’t sell what you grow without a license. And even if you are licensed, you won’t be able to grow anywhere you want. Towns and cities have the option of barring commercial indoor and outdoor cultivation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But as normalization of cannabis really comes about and cities start to recognize it's an agricultural product just like any other, I think that we're going to see it move into the agricultural areas, whether that be Mendocino or Southern California,” says Amanda Reiman of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.drugpolicy.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Drug Policy Alliance, \u003c/a>a major proponent of Proposition 64.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Holmes says California’s 20-year-old medical marijuana law, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_215,_the_Medical_Marijuana_Initiative_(1996)\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 215, \u003c/a>has left cultivators operating in a legal gray area that has invited law enforcement crackdowns, stifled innovation and scared off investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11128391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11128391\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-800x563.jpg\" alt=\"Marijuana 'mother' plants at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas\" width=\"800\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-800x563.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-400x281.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-1180x830.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-960x675.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marijuana 'mother' plants at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Whether you did all the things that your lawyer told you to do in California to be safe, there's always a potential you can get shut down,” says Holmes. “But with Prop. 64 it looks like you'll be safe from that issue, and it’s really hard to invest in something if you don't know what tomorrow might bring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of investors coming out of the woodwork eager to plough money into a legal pot market. But Holmes says few he’s encountered have the know-how or the commitment to maintain and develop a top-notch cultivation facility. He also says there are far more investors than there are skilled, qualified growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So there's going to be big mistakes made in that gap,” says Holmes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At some point there's probably going to be some type of degree that you could study cannabis cultivation. But right now there's no textbook. We’re kind of writing it as we go, but we are definitely getting smarter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/cacounts/\">California Counts\u003c/a> is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LAS VEGAS -- Marijuana cultivation is a family affair for Los Angeles native David Holmes. A couple of his uncles grew cannabis, as did his brother. But while they were off planting and harvesting, Holmes was busy studying mathematics in college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And at that point I wasn’t really a connoisseur,” says Holmes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 15 years ago, he says, a friend in graduate school turned him on to a particularly potent strain of weed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This insanely resinous cannabis he had grown,” says Holmes, laughing as he recalls the memory. “And he showed me his grow room and it blew my mind. It’s like a laboratory in your house. And I kind of got addicted to cultivation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130316\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Marijuana cultivator David Holmes in the grow room at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas. \" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-800x532.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-400x266.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoom2-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marijuana cultivator David Holmes in the grow room at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Holmes is now one of the most sought-after cultivators in the business. He maintains a small grow near his home in L.A. for research. At another location he manufactures a plant nutrient called \u003ca href=\"http://clade9nutrients.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Clade9\u003c/a> that he sells to large medical pot growers in California, Arizona and Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes grows a lot of weed, but for other people as a facility designer and cultivation consultant. His latest client is \u003ca href=\"http://www.pegasusnevada.com/home.html\" target=\"_blank\">Pegasus Nevada\u003c/a>. The company just began growing medical marijuana inside a beige two-story warehouse at the edge of the Las Vegas airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The temperature and humidity, the light intensity, all the factors that contribute to plant growth, you can control,” explains Holmes. “Indoors, you can essentially play God.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it’s fully operational, the Pegasus facility will have a cloning room, a space for marijuana extraction, a packaging area and a couple of gymnasium-size flowering rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130318\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"One of the gymnasium-size grow rooms at Pegasus Nevada. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/GrowRoomBig-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the gymnasium-size grow rooms at Pegasus Nevada. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Right now all the growing is concentrated in what Holmes calls the mother room, a space the size of a two-car garage. On each side, two long rows of plants are fed a steady stream of purified water and a special plant nutrient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we have 19 strains in here,” explains Holmes as he examines the plants. “Each has their own market niche.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asks if I've heard of the variety \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xK9KHSYmDRQ\" target=\"_blank\">\"Girl Scout Cookies\" \u003c/a>and points to a deep-green bushy plant. “It’s a really dense, highly resinous, very nice nose. And maybe more importantly, \u003ca href=\"http://snoopdogg.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Snoop Dogg\u003c/a> rapped about it,” he laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pegasus didn’t bring Holmes aboard just to help it grow potent, high-quality pot, but to help it grow its business beyond medical sales. Pegasus is among a slew of medical marijuana firms that have sprouted up in Nevada since the state adopted regulations for legal sales for medical purposes three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right from the very beginning we liked his approach. It was very data-driven, metric-driven,” says Ranson Shepherd, operations manager for Pegasus Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130320\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-800x559.jpg\" alt=\"David Holmes with his ‘mother’ plants at Pegasus Nevada. \" width=\"800\" height=\"559\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-800x559.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-400x279.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-1180x824.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MotherPLants-960x671.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Holmes with his ‘mother’ plants at Pegasus Nevada. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Each room was specifically designed accordingly and set up for full automation. So he can log in anytime of the day, take a look and see where we’re having challenges,” says Shepherd. “It’s all tracked in data, (but) a lot of guys in the industry now are still operating without those kind of systems to guide their business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s this kind of technical and scientific precision that Pegasus aims to capitalize on now that Nevada voters look like they, too, are ready to approve a \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Nevada_Marijuana_Legalization,_Question_2_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\">pot legalization ballot measure\u003c/a> similar to California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_64,_Marijuana_Legalization_(2016)\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 64\u003c/a>, which would allow adults to legally possess up to an ounce of weed and grow up to six plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if Proposition 64 passes, you can’t sell what you grow without a license. And even if you are licensed, you won’t be able to grow anywhere you want. Towns and cities have the option of barring commercial indoor and outdoor cultivation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But as normalization of cannabis really comes about and cities start to recognize it's an agricultural product just like any other, I think that we're going to see it move into the agricultural areas, whether that be Mendocino or Southern California,” says Amanda Reiman of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.drugpolicy.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Drug Policy Alliance, \u003c/a>a major proponent of Proposition 64.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Holmes says California’s 20-year-old medical marijuana law, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_215,_the_Medical_Marijuana_Initiative_(1996)\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 215, \u003c/a>has left cultivators operating in a legal gray area that has invited law enforcement crackdowns, stifled innovation and scared off investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11128391\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11128391\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-800x563.jpg\" alt=\"Marijuana 'mother' plants at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas\" width=\"800\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-800x563.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-400x281.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-1180x830.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/potrep-HAND-960x675.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marijuana 'mother' plants at Pegasus Nevada in Las Vegas \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Whether you did all the things that your lawyer told you to do in California to be safe, there's always a potential you can get shut down,” says Holmes. “But with Prop. 64 it looks like you'll be safe from that issue, and it’s really hard to invest in something if you don't know what tomorrow might bring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of investors coming out of the woodwork eager to plough money into a legal pot market. But Holmes says few he’s encountered have the know-how or the commitment to maintain and develop a top-notch cultivation facility. He also says there are far more investors than there are skilled, qualified growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So there's going to be big mistakes made in that gap,” says Holmes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At some point there's probably going to be some type of degree that you could study cannabis cultivation. But right now there's no textbook. We’re kind of writing it as we go, but we are definitely getting smarter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/cacounts/\">California Counts\u003c/a> is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor's note:\u003c/strong> This story includes a \u003ca href=\"#correction\">correction\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two candidates vying to replace Mark Leno as San Francisco state senator sat down for a conversation at KQED Friday and discussed a wide range of issues, from affordable housing to what it takes to get things done in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://www.scottwiener.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Scott Wiener \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://janekim.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Jane Kim \u003c/a>would both be considered liberal Democrats almost anywhere but San Francisco, where even a friendly relationship with a Republican can arouse suspicion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/M9SExD0RkvQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener, considered the more moderate candidate, declined to defend TV ads from an outside group that describe Kim as a flip-flopper who is always \"betraying her values.\" The \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9wM9z_d-Mw&feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\">ad\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"http://www.eqca.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Equality California\u003c/a>, an LGBT rights PAC, is funded in part by realtors, apartment owners and other business groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's not my ad,\" Wiener said. \"I will speak for \u003cem>my\u003c/em> ad, and we've had debates and talked about differences of opinion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kim, who is endorsed by Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders, highlighted her consistent support for tenants and affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need a progressive voice in Sacramento,\" Kim said. \"We are increasingly seeing business-friendly Democrats in Sacramento fight \u003ca href=\"https://www.sftu.org/ellis/\" target=\"_blank\">Ellis Act \u003c/a>reforms (on tenant evictions) and make higher education more affordable again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener defended his own liberal bona fides saying, \"I've been a fighter for housing in San Francisco, for protecting renters, expanding rent control ... and more transit-oriented housing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener also noted that if he doesn't succeed Sen. Leno, San Francisco will be without any LGBT representative at the state Capitol. (San Francisco Assemblyman David Chiu replaced termed-out, openly gay Assemblyman Tom Ammiano two years ago.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our straight allies are incredibly important,\" Wiener said, adding that it's also important to have an openly LGBT representative\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked what they each liked about the other, Wiener said, \"Jane has been a really good fighter for pedestrian safety.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Kim said, \"Scott is someone who always stands up and takes hard positions that are not always popular.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"correction\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nIn the June primary, Kim surprised many by edging out Wiener by less than 700 votes with help from Sen. Sanders. The race is believed to be very close, with both candidates pushing hard before the Nov. 8 election. Whoever wins, San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee will get to name their replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong>\u003c/em> This story was edited to remove a reference to oil companies funding an Equality California campaign advertisement.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor's note:\u003c/strong> This story includes a \u003ca href=\"#correction\">correction\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two candidates vying to replace Mark Leno as San Francisco state senator sat down for a conversation at KQED Friday and discussed a wide range of issues, from affordable housing to what it takes to get things done in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://www.scottwiener.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Scott Wiener \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://janekim.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Jane Kim \u003c/a>would both be considered liberal Democrats almost anywhere but San Francisco, where even a friendly relationship with a Republican can arouse suspicion.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/M9SExD0RkvQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/M9SExD0RkvQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Wiener, considered the more moderate candidate, declined to defend TV ads from an outside group that describe Kim as a flip-flopper who is always \"betraying her values.\" The \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9wM9z_d-Mw&feature=youtu.be\" target=\"_blank\">ad\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"http://www.eqca.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Equality California\u003c/a>, an LGBT rights PAC, is funded in part by realtors, apartment owners and other business groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's not my ad,\" Wiener said. \"I will speak for \u003cem>my\u003c/em> ad, and we've had debates and talked about differences of opinion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kim, who is endorsed by Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders, highlighted her consistent support for tenants and affordable housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need a progressive voice in Sacramento,\" Kim said. \"We are increasingly seeing business-friendly Democrats in Sacramento fight \u003ca href=\"https://www.sftu.org/ellis/\" target=\"_blank\">Ellis Act \u003c/a>reforms (on tenant evictions) and make higher education more affordable again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener defended his own liberal bona fides saying, \"I've been a fighter for housing in San Francisco, for protecting renters, expanding rent control ... and more transit-oriented housing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener also noted that if he doesn't succeed Sen. Leno, San Francisco will be without any LGBT representative at the state Capitol. (San Francisco Assemblyman David Chiu replaced termed-out, openly gay Assemblyman Tom Ammiano two years ago.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our straight allies are incredibly important,\" Wiener said, adding that it's also important to have an openly LGBT representative\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked what they each liked about the other, Wiener said, \"Jane has been a really good fighter for pedestrian safety.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Kim said, \"Scott is someone who always stands up and takes hard positions that are not always popular.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"correction\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nIn the June primary, Kim surprised many by edging out Wiener by less than 700 votes with help from Sen. Sanders. The race is believed to be very close, with both candidates pushing hard before the Nov. 8 election. Whoever wins, San Francisco Mayor Ed Lee will get to name their replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong>\u003c/em> This story was edited to remove a reference to oil companies funding an Equality California campaign advertisement.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was part of a special edition of KQED’s The California Report Magazine, produced in collaboration with Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting, a nonprofit news organization based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Learn more at\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://revealnews.org/\">\u003cem>revealnews.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and subscribe to the Reveal podcast, produced with PRX, at\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://revealnews.org/podcast\">\u003cem>revealnews.org/podcast\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he trees towered above them, limbs etched in black against the night sky. He steered his pickup down a narrow path of mud and rocks and parked in front of a trailer. He tried to kiss her. She froze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What are you doing?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to get up early,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He began groping her body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t you have a wife?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woods seemed to crawl with creatures; the ground was slick with rain. As wilderness pulsed around them, she ran through the possibilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she fled, would she find her way out? If she fought back, would he hurt her?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would anyone hear her if she screamed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the special edition of The California Report Magazine, produced in collaboration with Reveal from The Center for Investigation Reporting:\u003c/em>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287778617″ params=”auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true” width=”100%” height=”400″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Emerald Triangle, trees are ever present. They peek over small towns and dip into valleys, sheathing this cluster of remote Northern California counties in silence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the ancient forests here have provided cover for the nation’s largest marijuana-growing industry, shielding pot farmers from convention, outsiders and law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the forests also hide secrets, among them young women with stories of sexual abuse and exploitation. Some have spoken out; a handful have pressed charges. Most have confided only in private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students from the nearest college, Humboldt State University, return from a summer of trimming marijuana buds with tales of being forced to give their boss a blow job to get paid. Other “trimmigrants,” who typically work during the June-to-November harvest, recount offers of higher wages to trim topless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During one harvest season, two growers began having sex with their teenage trimmer. When they feared she would run away, they locked her inside an oversized toolbox with breathing holes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact with law enforcement is rare and, female trimmigrants say, rarely satisfying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130062\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Emily Rothman of Florida throws her pack into a truck that will take her to a friend’s pot farm in Garberville. She said all the women she knows have been warned of things to watch out for when coming to the area for work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emily Rothman of Florida throws her pack into a truck that will take her to a friend’s pot farm in Garberville. She said all the women she knows have been warned of things to watch out for when coming to the area for work. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Verifying their stories is as difficult as finding your way through the forest at night, down twisty dirt roads, to one of the backwoods marijuana farms. During months of reporting in the region, Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting unearthed dozens of accounts of sexual exploitation, abuse and trafficking. Victims’ advocates say the problem is far larger and, with every harvest, continues to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Women believe they are getting hired for trimming work, and then they’re drugged and raped,” said Maryann Hayes Mariani, a coordinator for the North Coast Rape Crisis Team. “Everybody looks at (the region) like it’s the Land of Oz. I’m just so tired of pretending like it’s not happening here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet law enforcement repeatedly has failed to investigate abuse and sexual violence in the industry. Instead, officers mostly focus on what they view as the root cause of the problem: the drug trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the rural counties of Northern California, marijuana is still a largely underground industry, worth billions. Last year, legal California sales alone were valued at $2.7 billion, according to \u003ca href=\"https://frontierfinancials.com/product/california/?ref=AMR\">The ArcView Group\u003c/a>, a marijuana market research firm. Sales are projected to balloon to $6.4 billion by 2020 if marijuana is legalized for recreational use. It’s big business, drawing busloads of job seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130068\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Ads for trimmers are tacked to a bulletin board in Garberville, Calif. Female trimmers often pair up, even form trimming collectives, counting on safety in numbers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ads for trimmers are tacked to a bulletin board in Garberville, Calif. Female trimmers often pair up, even form trimming collectives, counting on safety in numbers. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The number of trimmigrants who go missing alone is overwhelming for law enforcement, fueling an epidemic of the lost. In 2015, Humboldt County reported 352 missing people, more per capita than any other county in \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/missing/stats\">the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When an artist from San Francisco disappeared in the Humboldt County town of Garberville last harvest season, her mother and roommate filed a missing persons report. Months later, she resurfaced to tell her family she had been held against her will on a marijuana farm, drugged and sexually abused. She never formally reported her abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the time of her disappearance, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.humboldtgov.org/187/Sheriffs-Office\">Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office\u003c/a>had labeled her a “voluntary missing adult.” They flagged the case as a low priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people come to Humboldt each year to work on the marijuana farms,” the deputy who took the report told her roommate \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3035995-Screen-Shot-2016-08-29-at-3-47-56-PM.html\">in an email\u003c/a>. “So far she is falling into the same category as many others have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to women and girls who come of their own volition to trim, others are brought in specifically to provide sex services. Come harvest season, escorts flood these rural areas, drawn to the large population of male growers and laborers who spend months at a time alone on isolated mountain farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron Prose, an investigator for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.eureka.ca.gov/depts/police/\">Eureka Police Departmen\u003c/a>t, said sex traffickers know law enforcement agencies have little interest in cracking down on them. None of the county agencies surveyed by Reveal have investigators assigned to human trafficking. Prose himself is semi-retired; he investigates trafficking cases when he has time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130072\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Some growers prefer to keep trimmers in the dark about where they are working, blindfolding workers before driving to remote plots deep in the mountains.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some growers prefer to keep trimmers in the dark about where they are working, blindfolding workers before driving to remote plots deep in the mountains. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For women, the dangers are due in part to the gender dynamics in the industry. Growing is a male-dominated field, and many growers prefer to hire female trimmers. Several told Reveal that they believe women are more dexterous, making them more efficient workers. Others are looking for company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of these younger guys don’t have regular relationships because they’re out in the hills growing weed, but they still want a girl,” Prose said. “It sounds kind of crude, but they seek female companionship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, many marijuana farms are responsible operations. Most workers describe good experiences, including excellent pay, food and shelter. Many also welcome the unusual working conditions of an industry long at odds with mainstream culture and the law. Drug use on the job, for instance, is common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, California voters will decide whether to fully \u003ca href=\"http://vig.cdn.sos.ca.gov/2016/general/en/pdf/complete-vig.pdf\">legalize recreational marijuana\u003c/a>. But such use remains illegal under federal and most state laws, and the culture of silence is so embedded in the state’s industry – the nation’s top black market supplier – it seems unlikely that legalization alone will dramatically alter the landscape for women toiling deep in the Emerald Triangle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of wilderness here, and dirt roads and acres of forest,” said Amy Benitez, a victims’ advocate in Humboldt County. “There’s a lot of nooks and crannies you can hide in. You add this criminal element to it, where there’s money, and there’s just more ways that you can abuse power and control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Saturday, Oct. 18, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>hat power imbalance is what ensnared a 22-year-old environmentalist and musician who arrived in one of the mountain towns in the middle of the 2014 harvest season looking for trimming work. In Petrolia, Terri – not her real name – found a world apart from her hometown in the Los Angeles Basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Petrolia sits beneath the King Range mountains at the edge of Humboldt County, hidden behind a curtain of redwoods and Douglas fir trees. With a population of about 400, it has one general store, one bar, no cellphone service and no police. It’s about two hours down crumbling cliffside roads to the nearest highway. Most locals live in the surrounding mountains, overlooking the forested valley and black sand beaches of the last undeveloped stretch of California known as the Lost Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130076\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130076\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"The town of Petrolia sits beneath the King Range mountains at the edge of Humboldt County. With a population of about 400, it has one general store, one bar, no cellphone service and no police.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The town of Petrolia sits beneath the King Range mountains at the edge of Humboldt County. With a population of about 400, it has one general store, one bar, no cellphone service and no police. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I like to think of Petrolia as this little town hanging off the edge of the world,” said Jenoa Briar-Bonpane, a former resident who became Terri’s therapist. “At night, you’ve never seen so many stars.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly everyone in Petrolia knows each other. Most are involved in marijuana growing to some degree. But like other small towns dotting the Emerald Triangle, in the past decade, more and more people have moved in. Greenhouses have sprung up, enabling industrial-scale marijuana growing. Larger farms have drawn more workers from outside the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Terri did not have a job. An acquaintance introduced her to Cedar McCulloch-Clow and Emily Herman, a married couple with two children, a horde of chickens and goats, and a bicycle-strewn junkyard. Terri set up a tent in the couple’s yard, plunked down her violin and camping gear and began looking for work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130079\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130079\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Cedar McCulloch-Clow, a goat farmer and volunteer firefighter, owns the property where Terri pitched her tent while doing trim work in Petrolia.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cedar McCulloch-Clow, a goat farmer and volunteer firefighter, owns the property where Terri pitched her tent while doing trim work in Petrolia. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She also set about working her way into the community. She went to the weekly farmers market at the community center and ran and biked in the annual Rye and Tide, a 7 1/2-mile race that begins with a swig of whiskey outside the town bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri found a couple of trimming jobs, including for Sam Epperson and his partner, Rachel Adair. Their operation was far smaller than the region’s newer marijuana fields – known as grows – and had a vegetable garden and turkey coop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri and three other trimmers sat in a row of swivel office chairs in a wood-paneled trimming shack. They wore aprons to keep from tracking loose leaves into the house and carefully tallied the weight of their work – they would be paid $200 a pound – with pencil and paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130081\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130081\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Terri sat in an office chair in this cramped shack, trimming marijuana buds. She and three other trimmers were paid $200 for every pound. They wore aprons and tracked their work with paper and pencil.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terri sat in an office chair in this cramped shack, trimming marijuana buds. She and three other trimmers were paid $200 for every pound. They wore aprons and tracked their work with paper and pencil. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Epperson, quiet and bespectacled with a mop of graying curls, prepared fresh food and drinks for the workers. Every day, he offered them an organic chocolate bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One night, on the concrete patio of the town bar – \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/yellowrosepetrolia/\">the Yellow Rose\u003c/a> – Terri met a grower named Kailan Meserve. He was twice her age, tan and muscular, with a swagger and salt-and-pepper hair. Meserve mentioned he needed trimmers and bought her a beer. A friend of Terri’s, Katie Finnegan, went inside to buy another drink. When Finnegan returned, Terri had disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130082\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130082\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Marijuana trimmer Terri met local grower Kailan Meserve one night at the Yellow Rose bar in Petrolia, Calif., in 2014.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marijuana trimmer Terri met local grower Kailan Meserve one night at the Yellow Rose bar in Petrolia, Calif., in 2014. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Inside, the bar is a bright, airy space with pristine off-white walls and a polished beige floor – a contrast with its often grungy clientele. One side of the bar is lined with light metal cafe tables, the other with pool tables and arcade games. The darkest part of the bar is to the left of the dartboard, a long dim hallway to the single-stall women’s restroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 45 minutes after Finnegan lost track of Terri, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036002-Yellow-Rose-excerpt.html\">court records show\u003c/a> she found her unconscious in that bathroom, her pants around her ankles. Terri appeared to have fallen and hit the sink on her way down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri remembered almost nothing about the night. She was concerned something had happened with Meserve. But back on the grow, Epperson and Adair put her at ease: Meserve was \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036003-Humboldt-County-Supervisorial-District-1-PDF.html\">a captain\u003c/a> of the volunteer fire department, the son of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcoastjournal.com/091803/cover0918.html\">prominent\u003c/a> local environmental activist and politician. Meserve, they said, was married with toddler twins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a good guy,” Epperson recalled telling her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple still had work for Terri, but on their small-scale grow, the harvest wouldn’t last long. They encouraged her to take up Meserve on his offer of a trimming job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was advice Epperson now says he deeply regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">C\u003c/span>onservative ranchers and loggers dominated the small population of the Emerald Triangle when hippies began arriving en masse in the late 1960s. They were a diverse bunch, from tree-sitting activists to disillusioned Vietnam veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kailan Meserve’s father came to Humboldt County as part of the “back to the land” movement. His first home was a teepee on the Mattole River. Later, he built a house in Petrolia, where he, his wife and children lived on wind and solar power, grew produce and raised their own goats, cows and chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, marijuana was a recreational drug, grown mostly for personal use. It didn’t stay that way for long. Growers realized they could better support themselves and their families by selling pot on the black market. The climate was ideal, the woods and mountains isolated enough to conceal the illicit crop. The American-grown marijuana industry was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130085\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130085\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Sunshine Johnston tends to cannabis plants at her farm in Redcrest, Calif., in the Emerald Triangle.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunshine Johnston tends to cannabis plants at her farm in Redcrest, Calif., in the Emerald Triangle. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From the outset, the children of these growers had more difficulties than their parents. The Summer of Love was over. Across the community, alcohol and drug abuse was rampant. So was law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat of raids constantly loomed over the Meserve household, threatening to pull the family apart. According to Meserve’s sister, Amy, their parents began using cocaine and alcohol and exploded into constant fights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just got really crazy,” she recalled. “Kailan pretty much raised us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When federal \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/10/us/military-takes-part-in-drug-sweep-and-reaps-criticism-and-a-lawsuit.html?pagewanted=all\">Operation Green Sweep\u003c/a> touched down in Petrolia in 1990, soldiers flew helicopters overhead and officers confronted families in their homes with M16 rifles. Children learned to lie about the reality of their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still have PTSD,” said Sam Epperson, who grew up on a marijuana farm in eastern Humboldt County. “I can hear choppers flying from miles away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With law enforcement crackdowns came higher black market prices and greater risks. To protect their crops from theft, many farmers began to carry guns and booby-trap their properties. Residents dealt with crime themselves, avoiding law enforcement whenever possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1996, California became the first state in the country to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/MMP/Pages/CompassionateUseact.aspx\">legalize medical marijuana\u003c/a>. But the law failed to limit the amount of marijuana that could be grown, and law enforcement had no way to determine which plants were cultivated for medical purposes or for profit. Crime and black market growing in the Emerald Triangle soared, including by growers with connections to organized crime, vastly eclipsing local law enforcement’s efforts to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Wayne Hanson of the Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office put it simply: “We lost the drug war many years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The turmoil prompted some of the children to leave. Kailan Meserve was among the many who stayed. He became a stonemason, specializing in fireplaces, and grew pot on the side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “green rush” hit Petrolia in 2010. With California voters \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/ballot/2010/19_11_2010.pdf\">considering full legalization\u003c/a>, new growers poured into town hoping to get rich. The hippie haven was about to go mainstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law did not pass, but according to friends, Meserve decided that if anyone was going to make money peddling pot, it was going to be him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He viewed himself as having that hometown advantage,” Cedar McCulloch-Clow said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locals noticed the change. At a party a few years ago, therapist Jenoa Briar-Bonpane recalls looking over the edge of a mountain ridge and spotting two new grow operations below. “Where did those come from?” she wondered. Someone said they belonged to Meserve, and he became the talk of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a sense of, ‘Wow, he’s really blowing things up,’ ” Briar-Bonpane said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a big employer in town, and a local, Meserve enjoyed a trust not afforded to outsiders, including a freedom from consequences, according to friends. He’d always had a brash demeanor and a reputation for hitting on women – even after he married in 2001. Over time, those who knew him said he seemed to sink deeper into drugs and alcohol. He was convicted three times for driving under the influence, according to court records, and got into a car crash that \u003ca href=\"http://www.times-standard.com/general-news/20080921/two-injured-in-petrolia-crash\">seriously injured\u003c/a> him and his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He “got a little big for his britches,” Amy Meserve said, “and lost his filter completely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of it seemed to slow down Meserve. His business expanded, and the trimmigrants who showed up in Petrolia looking for work were thankful for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sunday, Nov. 9, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>erri saw Kailan Meserve again at a pingpong tournament. He was one of the few entrusted with a key to the community center and had set up the tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meserve offered to buy Terri drinks several times, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">according to investigators\u003c/a> – and each time, she declined. Around 10 p.m., he asked if she had to time to talk, she recalled, “to clear things up.” He offered to give her a ride home. It was rainy, and without sidewalks and streetlights, a walk home in Petrolia could be treacherous. She agreed. She figured she might also ask him about a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130089\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"One night after a pingpong tournament at the Mattole Valley Community Center in Petrolia, Calif., 22-year-old trimmer Terri got a ride home from local grower Kailan Meserve. But home isn’t where he took her.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One night after a pingpong tournament at the Mattole Valley Community Center in Petrolia, Calif., 22-year-old trimmer Terri got a ride home from local grower Kailan Meserve. But home isn’t where he took her. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Terri was staying about 2 miles from the community center. But Meserve went the opposite direction, turning right toward a dark mass of trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where are we going?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just want to show you where my property is,” she remembers him saying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri started to get a “weird feeling,” according to court records. She told him she had to get up early. He ignored her and continued down the road, turning right again at a metal gate and entering a narrow dirt path into a thicket of towering eucalyptus. Finally, they came to a trailer and stopped. He tried to kiss her. She froze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130092\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130092\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"This is the entrance to the isolated property in Petrolia where local grower Kailan Meserve took Terri after a pingpong tournament.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This is the entrance to the isolated property in Petrolia where local grower Kailan Meserve took Terri after a pingpong tournament. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What are you doing?” she asked. “Don’t you have a wife?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her mind spun through the possibilities. Could she find her way back if she ran? Would he chase her? Hurt her? Would anyone hear her if she screamed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was happening so fast and she could hardly see. Everything outside the beam of the headlights was flooded in black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri declined to be interviewed for this story, but she encouraged friends and community members to open up and gave permission for her therapist, Briar-Bonpane, to speak as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking her to a place that was dark, forested, unknown to her,” Briar-Bonpane said, “it’s the most terrifying situation for a woman who’s with a scary man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meserve asked her to go inside. Terri climbed out of the truck and walked into the trailer. She remembers a small kitchen and a bedroom with a bare mattress. Over the next few hours, according to records, Meserve repeatedly penetrated her and forced her to perform oral sex until she gagged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He held down her arms and at one point throttled her neck. When she began gasping for air, he told her she was “weak and couldn’t take it.” She didn’t scream. The more violent he was, she’d later tell the investigators, the more excited he seemed to become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to make you my bitch,” she recalls him saying, according to court records. He threatened to kill her, freeze her body and throw her to the animals if he ever found out she had slept with anyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">M\u003c/span>any trimmigrants begin their journey about two hours southeast of Petrolia, in a small strip of a town at the hub of California’s outdoor growing economy. Garberville is surrounded on all sides by mountains of towering redwoods and lined with the kinds of businesses sustained by disposable income, including a \u003ca href=\"http://www.humboldt-hunnies-eminence-day-spa.com/\">spa\u003c/a> and a motorcycle \u003ca href=\"http://www.dazeysmotorsports.com/\">dealership\u003c/a>. Next door, in Redway, there’s even a \u003ca href=\"http://www.thegroomroompetsalon.com/\">pet salon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Come harvest season, trimmigrants arrive from all over the country and world – college students and artists, working professionals and tourists, homeless hippies and other wanderers. Without connections, they crowd the sidewalks as though on the floor of an auction house, jockeying for jobs with homemade signs. Others camp along the river or in the woods until they find work or try to meet potential employers by frequenting local bars or volunteering at one of the area’s many marijuana-funded nonprofits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130093\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130093\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Carsten (L) and girlfriend Maya (R), both of Germany, and Beaver (back) of London head out after a free lunch at the Mateel Community Center in Redway, Calif. They were looking for trimming jobs to fund their travels but hadn’t gotten any work yet.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carsten (L) and girlfriend Maya (R), both of Germany, and Beaver (back) of London head out after a free lunch at the Mateel Community Center in Redway, Calif. They were looking for trimming jobs to fund their travels but hadn’t gotten any work yet. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With marijuana fetching black market prices, they expect wages far higher than typical migrant farmworkers – as much as $300 a day, depending on how fast they work. A successful season can fund months of travel, and the experience itself can be an adventure, harkening back to the drug-infused journeys of Grateful Dead fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of cocaine, a lot of Ecstasy, a lot of meth, a lot of heroin,” said Terri’s former employer Rachel Adair. “It’s like a big party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But trimmigrants also stumble into a treacherous landscape, both on and off the job. Many locals despise their presence, the trash, the carousing on sidewalks – and the negative impact on tourism. Members of a Garberville group called Locals on Patrol take photographs, check identification and tell people to move on. Anti-trimmigrant bumper stickers have proliferated. “No Work Here, Keep Moving,” they read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trimmigrants also serve at the mercy of their bosses, who are themselves vulnerable to the risks of operating in the black market – ranging from robberies to law enforcement stings. As a result, some growers prefer to keep trimmers in the dark about where they are working. Workers and advocates say growers sometimes blindfold trimmers before driving to plots deep in the mountains, locations so remote that they often lack cell service and public transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When conflicts arise, trimmigrants may find themselves fired without pay. Even those who complete the job might never get paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130094\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130094\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CraigslistTrimmers1-800x1422.jpg\" alt=\"In Craigslist ads, aspiring female trimmers sometimes include photos of themselves in bikinis or low-cut tops, exploiting the demand for female workers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1422\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CraigslistTrimmers1.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CraigslistTrimmers1-400x711.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Craigslist ads, aspiring female trimmers sometimes include photos of themselves in bikinis or low-cut tops, exploiting the demand for female workers. \u003ccite>(Shoshana Walter/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At 38 years old, Amy Jarose is among the most experienced trimmigrants. One time, she was working on a farm in the mountains when, she said, the grower began to pressure her for blow jobs and sex. She immediately left on foot, without pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You hitchhike,” Jarose said. “You pack up your bags and hit the road and hope to God a really good person will pick you up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growers often target women for trimming jobs; male trimmers told Reveal they repeatedly were passed up or let go to make room for female workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some women exploit the demand. On \u003ca href=\"https://humboldt.craigslist.org/search/fgs\">Craigslist\u003c/a> during the last harvest season, aspiring trimmers posted photos of themselves in bikinis or low-cut tops, accompanied by winking emoticons. One advertisement, offering “Oriental female trimmers,” included the phone number of a sensual massage parlor in Los Angeles. On a community bulletin board in downtown Garberville, a pink lace garter belt adorned one ad, while another read, “We love to cook … and much more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deanna Hirschi once worked as a trimmer but said she soon realized she could earn more by offering sex for pay. She met growers at motels in Garberville or sometimes hours into the mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The guys on the hills pay $500 an hour,” she said, three or four times the amount she might get in a city. “They’re stuck up on a hill and they come down from the hill for one day, and they’ve got hundreds of thousands of dollars in their pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The demand for female companionship has contributed to sex trafficking in these rural areas from all over the country and world, including from Mexico and Eastern Europe, according to social service providers and victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One local trafficking survivor, who goes by the name Elle Snow, started a nonprofit organization to spread awareness in Humboldt County called\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/itsgameover101/\">Game Over\u003c/a>. To measure the demand, she posted fake escort advertisements on the classified ad website \u003ca href=\"http://humboldt.backpage.com/FemaleEscorts/classifieds/Disclaimer?category=517483\">Backpage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130096\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130096\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-800x443.jpg\" alt=\"A Backpage ad offers escort services in Humboldt County. To measure demand for such services, local trafficking survivor Elle Snow, who now runs a nonprofit, posted a fake Backpage ad. Within two months, she said, she had accumulated calls and text messages from 437 phone numbers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-800x443.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-400x221.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-1180x653.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-960x532.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-672x372.jpg 672w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-1038x576.jpg 1038w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Backpage ad offers escort services in Humboldt County. To measure demand for such services, local trafficking survivor Elle Snow, who now runs a nonprofit, posted a fake Backpage ad. Within two months, she said, she had accumulated calls and text messages from 437 phone numbers. \u003ccite>(Shoshana Walter/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Within two months, Snow said, she had accumulated calls and text messages from 437 phone numbers. Many came from southern Humboldt – where Garberville and Petrolia are located – an indication to Snow that many of the potential clients were involved in the marijuana industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Traffickers call Humboldt County not just green for the weed, but green for the bitches,” she said, referring to the money traffickers can make selling women and sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many trimmers welcome the attention, but others do not. Women pair up, even form trimming collectives, counting on safety in numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130097\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130097\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CListOrientalTrimmers-800x1223.jpg\" alt=\"A Craigslist ad offers “Oriental female trimmers” in Humboldt County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1223\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CListOrientalTrimmers.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CListOrientalTrimmers-400x612.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Craigslist ad offers “Oriental female trimmers” in Humboldt County. \u003ccite>(Shoshana Walter/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paige Radcliff and Emma Less came last season for trimming work, hoping to make enough to fund their own future harvest. During nearly 14-hour days, the two listened to Israeli folk music and bent over plastic tubs in their laps, rotating the buds with the tips of their fingers as they clipped off the stems and curly bits of leaf. “Give it a little haircut,” Radcliff said again and again, until they had piled up 6 pounds of smooth round nuggets and their fingers were coated in potent, sticky brown resin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a girl comes here on her own, I wouldn’t recommend it,” Less said. Prior to finding this job, they encountered growers who hit on them – and they simply walked away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Radcliff agreed. “Unless you can super defend yourself, or you just give off a super-intimidating vibe where dudes are scared of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like a truck driver.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or a pirate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exactly, just come across as, like, super peg leg.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about it,” Less said, over the steady snip of her scissors. “None of this is monitored. No one knows you’re here, not here. It’s easy for people to go missing. It’s easy for people to take advantage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Monday, Nov. 10, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>erri showed up for work in a daze the morning after she was assaulted in the forest. Bruises covered her chest and the back of her head. As she picked up her clippers, her boss remembers, she began to cry. She told Rachel Adair that “something inappropriate” had happened with Kailan Meserve and that she was scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adair – an emergency room nurse and midwife – sent Terri to Jenoa Briar-Bonpane, a therapist and friend. Terri told the therapist the rest of the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a predator,” Briar-Bonpane recalls thinking. She had treated child sex abuse and rape victims for years, but she was especially struck by how calculating Meserve sounded. “He must be stopped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week later, some of Terri’s former employers called for a meeting, inviting town elders, the local doctor and friends. On a crisp November morning, about a dozen people joined Terri in the home near where she had pitched her tent. They gathered in a somber circle around a heavy oak dining table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cedar McCulloch-Clow, 38, with perpetual dirt under his fingernails and a baseball cap on his head, recalls feeling conflicted about the meeting. He had become friends with Terri during her many nights camping on their property. But he also had known Meserve since he was 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The room was tense and quiet, except for the sounds of children playing down the hall. Adair remembers wanting to ensure, first and foremost, that Terri was safe. Dr. Dick Scheinman was adamant that they call the police. Most others wanted to find an alternate solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130098\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"A week after Terri’s rape, community members gathered around this table in Cedar McCulloch-Clow’s home, trying to decide what should be done about her assault.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A week after Terri’s rape, community members gathered around this table in Cedar McCulloch-Clow’s home, trying to decide what should be done about her assault. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Greg Smith, whose family has long grown marijuana, was among the town elders there. “There’s a lot of people who grow pot, and they have a resistance to calling the law,” he said later. “It’s kind of the Wild West in some ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ideas came in quick succession and were rejected just as quickly. Bring Meserve before a community tribunal. Send a large contingent of men to his doorstep. Gather Petrolia’s population of elderly women and have them chase after him with their shoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith decided to pay Meserve a visit at home. He urged him to admit he had a problem, show remorse and enroll in therapy and drug and alcohol treatment. Meserve refused, he said, describing the night in the trailer as consensual. Next, Smith approached Fire Chief Travis Howe about kicking Meserve out of the volunteer fire department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when the group learned this wasn’t the first time Meserve had been accused of rape. A year earlier, a young woman was visiting a friend of Meserve’s. After a night of partying at the Yellow Rose bar, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">31-year-old woman said\u003c/a>, Meserve came into her room while she was sleeping and forced himself on her. When he couldn’t maintain an erection, he left, but soon came back and tried again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman never filed a police report, and only a few people in town knew. Howe was one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howe said he had confronted Meserve, who told him it was consensual. “He messed up terribly, cheating on his wife,” Howe said. “He needed to get spanked.” When Meserve promised to do better, Howe kept him on as a fire captain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the group realized Terri’s experience was not an isolated incident. It was a pattern of behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One week had passed since Terri’s assault. She had expressed little interest in contacting law enforcement. But the group thought something had to be done for the safety of other women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They asked her to take a step many rape victims dread: Would she call the police?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">F\u003c/span>or victims of sexual assault, the answer often lies beneath layers of fear and shame. Rape\u003ca href=\"http://www.nij.gov/topics/crime/rape-sexual-violence/pages/rape-notification.aspx\"> usually goes unreported\u003c/a>, but trimmigrants face particular pressure to avoid law enforcement. Calling police may rule out future jobs in the industry, especially if that contact alerts police to an illegal grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hell no, you don’t call the cops on anybody for anything if you want to work in Humboldt,” said Karen Bejcek, a trimmigrant who usually lives in a teepee in Siskiyou County when she’s not trimming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other conditions in pot country prevent victims from seeking any kind of help. Trimmigrants often lack the local connections or even the know-how to successfully navigate their way out of the wild, wooded terrain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because many work on illegal grows, they suspect law enforcement won’t do anything anyway. And because the industry attracts a young and transient workforce, victims – who may come with their own troubled histories – do not always recognize they are being abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130099\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"Khaled Mourra (L) of Mexico and Mayssan Charafeddine of Montreal try to hitch a ride in Garberville, Calif. During harvest season, “trimmigrants” crowd the town’s sidewalks jockeying for jobs with homemade signs or try to meet potential employers by frequenting local bars.\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-800x536.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-400x268.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-960x643.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khaled Mourra (L) of Mexico and Mayssan Charafeddine of Montreal try to hitch a ride in Garberville, Calif. During harvest season, “trimmigrants” crowd the town’s sidewalks jockeying for jobs with homemade signs or try to meet potential employers by frequenting local bars. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One teen from Humboldt County said she started working for a local grower when she was 12. He gave her methamphetamine to speed up her trimming work, she said, and passed her around to pay off his debts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re tweaking, you’re good,” she said, touting her trimming prowess. “I did, like, a couple pounds in like one night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The girl eventually ran away, reaching a youth homeless shelter in the county seat of Eureka, only to discover that pimps were using it as a hunting ground. At 14, she said, she became their recruiter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t the only one. At least two other shelter residents said men used them to recruit other teens, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036021-AC-Disclosure-101414-1.html\">according to a report\u003c/a> later submitted to the state Department of Social Services. The shelter’s executive director, Patt Sweeney, said he was aware teens in the program had been trafficked for sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve made reports to law enforcement,” he said. “It’s just very hard to prosecute.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In exchange for alcohol and marijuana, the girl brought other teens to parties at local motels, where they were given drugs and alcohol and had sex, sometimes by force. She said the parties drew growers and gang members involved in marijuana distribution. Because she brought girls, she said she was never assaulted – and the music and dancing could be fun. But she doesn’t remember much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was always drunk,” she said with a shrug. “And then we’d just go buy more drugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the girls she met at the shelter and parties also traveled south to trim on marijuana farms. Once there, she said, some found they were expected to do more than trim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sales pitch to young girls is common in pot country, according to Leah Gee, the director of a group home in Eureka that housed the girl. “They’ll give you weed, alcohol and food, and all you have to do is trim.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130101\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"“They’ll give you weed, alcohol and food, and all you have to do is trim,” Leah Gee says of the sales pitch to underage girls looking for work on pot farms. But Gee, the director of a group home in Eureka, Calif., says they sometimes find they’re expected to do more than trim.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“They’ll give you weed, alcohol and food, and all you have to do is trim,” Leah Gee says of the sales pitch to underage girls looking for work on pot farms. But Gee, the director of a group home in Eureka, Calif., says they sometimes find they’re expected to do more than trim. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2013, federal prosecutors said two growers picked up a 15-year-old runaway in Hollywood and took her to their farm in Lake County, near Humboldt. They directed her to trim marijuana and have sex with them, sometimes while chained to a metal rack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In interviews with police after a raid of the farm, the girl described the sex with one of the men as consensual. Sex with the other grower was “\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3035371-Balletto-Complaint.html\">not as consensual\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she was not free to leave: To keep her from fleeing\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>the men put her inside an oversized metal toolbox with breathing holes for several days, according to court records, using a garden hose to clean out her waste. The men also shocked the girl with a cattle prod and told her she would be shot by neighbors if she attempted to leave, an employee later told police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local prosecutors charged the men with human trafficking, the first case of its kind in the county. But when federal authorities took over the case, the trafficking charge was dropped. The men are expected to plead guilty later this year on charges of illegal marijuana cultivation and employing a minor in a drug operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sunday, Nov. 23, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">A\u003c/span> deputy sheriff from Humboldt County, Michael Hass, had Terri recount the entire story of her assault over the phone before telling her she had to come in person to make a report – a nearly two-hour drive. The community group that had encouraged her to report made the arrangements. Jenoa Briar-Bonpane went along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they arrived at the county sheriff’s office in Eureka, they walked through the metal detector, down a beige cinder-block hallway to a dimly lit window in the waiting room, Briar-Bonpane recalls. They told the receptionist they were there to see Hass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After several minutes passed, Hass swung open the door, barely making eye contact with Terri. He told her to follow him, but barred Briar-Bonpane from joining her. She told him it was common practice for an advocate to accompany a sexual assault victim to make a report. According to Briar-Bonpane, Hass refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about the account, Hass said he did not know that Briar-Bonpane was an advocate and he objected to the many complaints the sheriff’s office later received about his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were the same complaints that we weren’t taking it seriously and the investigation wasn’t up to the people of Petrolia’s standards,” he said. “From my standpoint, it got handled very seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri agreed to make the report anyway. Hass took her into an empty room and pushed a typed statement based on her telephone account in front of her, Briar-Bonpane said. Terri signed it, and five minutes later, they returned to the waiting room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Can you tell us when you’re going to pick him up?” Briar-Bonpane remembers asking, referring to Kailan Meserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To file her report, Terri was told she had to come in person. It turned out the same trip was not required of Meserve, Briar-Bonpane said. To her surprise, Hass told her deputies already had interviewed Meserve in Petrolia. Meserve had told them the same story he had told others: The night in the trailer was consensual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal could not find any record that the deputies ever searched the trailer, and Meserve’s sister, Amy, confirmed that they never did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one in town seems concerned about him,” Hass said, according to Briar-Bonpane. “We’re not going to arrest him. There’s no evidence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news left the group back in Petrolia shocked – and Terri terrified. While she moved from home to home and finally to a motel outside of town, the group began to deluge the sheriff’s office with emails and phone calls. Terri’s friend Katie Finnegan took a day off work to file a complaint with the office about its handling of the case. Residents sent \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036023-Petrolia-DA-Emails.html\">letters to the district attorney\u003c/a>, complaining about Hass and urging that Meserve be prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Please do not let this go without a thorough investigation and arrest,” Dick Scheinman, the town doctor, wrote to then-District Attorney Paul Gallegos in December 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month passed, and he emailed again: “i am not a legal beagle and am not trying to tell you how to do your job, but i feel it is most important for you to try your hardest to find out what happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Meserve remained in Petrolia. “I am very concerned about the safety of women in the Mattole Valley while he is present there,” Briar-Bonpane wrote to newly elected District Attorney Maggie Fleming in March 2015. “Young boys/men in the valley are watching and learning about whether or not you can sexually assault women without consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word of Terri’s allegations reached the woman who had said Meserve raped her the year before. She felt nauseous, then angry. She blamed herself for not reporting it, “because maybe she could have prevented it from happening to the other girl,” an investigator later wrote. About a month after Terri visited Hass, the second victim decided to report her rape. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">Records show\u003c/a> Hass told her to call the district attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case landed on the desk of Kyla Baxley, the district attorney’s investigator responsible for child abuse and sexual assault cases. She has a reputation for being thorough, going beyond the case information filed by local law enforcement. In 2014, Baxley gathered evidence that allowed the district attorney’s office to prosecute its first human trafficking case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Time and again, Baxley had seen victims in Humboldt County “not met with the respect they deserve,” she told Reveal. In the Petrolia case, she said, both victims felt blown off by the sheriff’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was already a big step for her to take, for her to report it,” she said of Terri. “I was really frustrated, honestly. I felt awful for the poor thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baxley immediately launched her investigation, making plans to meet Terri in person. She brought in community advocates to support Terri as she shared her story yet again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tried to show her there were a lot of people who supported her and wanted to hear her truth,” Baxley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 14, 2015, prosecutors filed charges against Meserve for raping both women. Two weeks later, he surrendered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">A\u003c/span>s the marijuana industry has grown and the trimmigrant population with it, service providers have encountered increasing numbers of human trafficking victims. Humboldt Domestic Violence Services answered more than 2,000 crisis calls last year, an increase of about 80 percent in four years. Executive Director Brenda Bishop attributed the increase to a surge in sexual abuse and trafficking on marijuana grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130103\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Trimmed marijuana buds dry at a farm. Trimmers serve at the mercy of their bosses, who are themselves vulnerable to the risks of operating in the black market. When conflicts arise, trimmigrants may find themselves fired without pay.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trimmed marijuana buds dry at a farm. Trimmers serve at the mercy of their bosses, who are themselves vulnerable to the risks of operating in the black market. When conflicts arise, trimmigrants may find themselves fired without pay. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other organizations have noticed a problem, too, including the Eureka Police Department. In a survey of about 200 local homeless people, Police Chief Andrew Mills said his department discovered many were former trimmigrants who had been forced to work on marijuana farms without pay, including women who reported being required to perform sex acts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite evidence of a growing problem, law enforcement has put few resources into investigations of trafficking and sexual exploitation. Instead, police have conducted stings targeting prostitutes and sometimes their pimps. And the Eureka police chief recently posed as a grower online to attract trimmers, only to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036273-Trimmigrant-EPD-letter.html\">warn them\u003c/a> not to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason is that, in this spread-out rural region, there are not enough detectives to go around. In Humboldt County, the sheriff’s office is so overtaxed that many deputies are responsible for investigating crimes – a job typically left to detectives – in addition to responding to 911 calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a detective bureau to handle the bad of the bad crimes, and they can’t even keep up with that. So our deputies are more like detectives,” Lt. Wayne Hanson said. “It’s triage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Humboldt native with a bushy gray mustache, Hanson has raided marijuana farms for more than two decades. On the walls of his office are framed photographs and news clips, including one from the day after voters legalized medical marijuana in 1996. In the photograph, Hanson – with a dark brown mustache – stands next to towering piles of marijuana plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a warehouse in downtown Eureka, where people were growing marijuana for money. That’s why marijuana is grown – for money, not for medical reasons,” Hanson said. “People are greedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hanson and other local law enforcement officials see the greed that has amplified California’s marijuana industry as a common denominator in violent and organized crimes. Hanson said many grows also cause environmental damage. As a result, marijuana has remained a high priority for them, even as federal and state authorities have pulled back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130104\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Richard Mansfield trims cannabis on his daughter’s farm in Redcrest, Calif. Workers rotate the buds with the tips of their fingers as they clip off the stems and curly bits of leaf.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Richard Mansfield trims cannabis on his daughter’s farm in Redcrest, Calif. Workers rotate the buds with the tips of their fingers as they clip off the stems and curly bits of leaf. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marijuana raids also have become a large source of revenue for local law enforcement agencies. During raids, officers have confiscated not just harvests, but also money, guns and even farming equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humboldt County law enforcement agencies made 100 seizures of property and funds last year, including from farmers who had legal permission to grow. The value of the assets totaled more than $2 million – more per capita than was pulled from the state’s 15 most populous counties combined, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/publications/asset_forf/2015-af/2015-af.pdf?\">state data shows\u003c/a>. Mendocino County’s marijuana eradication team receives a finder’s fee from a pool of seized funds for every case it initiates, in addition to a nearly 50 percent cut of any \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036024-Mendocino-Asset-Forfeiture-MOU.html\">confiscated funds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is tantamount to tunnel vision, said Kyla Baxley, the district attorney’s office investigator. “They’re going in to eradicate marijuana, and they would probably tell you nothing else is happening but the drugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That perspective seems to pervade law enforcement agencies across the Emerald Triangle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the year Terri arrived in Petrolia, a young Mexican woman arrived in nearby Mendocino County, ready to start the restaurant job she was promised. Instead, a grower – Baldemar Alvarez – put her to work on several marijuana farms, she said, and forced her to cook, clean his house and have sex with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman said Alvarez, twice her age, called her a prostitute and said she belonged to him until she reimbursed him for hiring a coyote to bring her into the country illegally. He stoked her fear, telling her she’d get lost in the woods and a bear would feast on her body if she fled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the time, I had fear,” said Carmen (not her real name). “Fear, thinking, ‘If the police catch me, they’re going to arrest me. They’re not going to let me explain, they’re not going to believe me.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, Carmen persuaded Alvarez to take her to the doctor for stomach pains, she said. Once there, a nurse-midwife told her she was pregnant, and Carmen shared her story of abuse. When she returned to Alvarez, she left her address behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendocino County sheriff’s deputies \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036030-Redacted-Report.html\">picked up Carmen and the grower\u003c/a> a few days later. Carmen was relieved. But at the station, things changed. A detective asked her whether she had made the claims just to get immigration documents, she said. Victims of sexual assault are eligible for a special kind of visa, known as a U-visa. Trafficking victims are eligible for a T-visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen’s abuse allegations are documented in police \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036027-Incident-Report-2014-00023144-Redacted-2.html\">dispatch records\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036275-20160830103623931.html\">a restraining order\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036276-20160830103613365.html\">other documents\u003c/a>, but the full extent of the investigation is unclear. The detective involved did not respond to interview requests, and the sheriff’s office declined to provide a copy of its investigation, saying it was not yet complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underscoring the he-said, she-said obstacles for law enforcement, Alvarez told Reveal that Carmen fabricated the story to get immigration papers. He told detectives he had planned to marry her. Even though she hasn’t paid him back for her illegal border crossing, he said, he has sent her money on a couple of occasions for the baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a big misunderstanding; she’s a backstabber is what I call it,” he said, denying he had abused her or anyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another woman who had a relationship with the grower and gave birth to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036291-20160830111656824.html\">one of his children\u003c/a> said he repeatedly has brought women, including herself, into the United States from Mexico and abused them. Investigators never contacted her, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sun began to rise the morning after deputies took Carmen into custody, she said the detective told her that he had one last request. He put her in a room with Alvarez and had her confront him, to get him to confess. It didn’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, at this time, we do not have any evidence to detain him,” she recalled the detective saying. “Everything you say, he denies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputies charged Alvarez with \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036030-Redacted-Report.html\">felony marijuana cultivation\u003c/a> in August 2014, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036026-Docs-Produced-1.html\">his third\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036025-Reveal-Media-14-15437.html\">arrest\u003c/a> for the offense in three years. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036274-20160830103632255.html\">Jail records\u003c/a> show he bailed out within 20 minutes. The prosecutor never took the case to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Thursday, April 30, 2015\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he case against Kailan Meserve was unprecedented – the first time a marijuana grower in Humboldt County had been charged with raping a trimmigrant. In Petrolia, it had created a rift, causing many to question the trust they had placed in the community. Yet outside Petrolia, it captured little attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from a local blog, no media outlets covered Meserve’s arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remained in jail briefly while the prosecutor’s office argued against allowing him to post his \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036032-Bail-Motion.html\">$2 million bail\u003c/a>. Investigator Kyla Baxley had seen large greenhouses on several of Meserve’s properties and argued that his income had been \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">derived illegally\u003c/a> from the cultivation of marijuana. In the end, Meserve’s family and friends pooled funds, and he was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130105\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11130105\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/KailanMugshot.jpg\" alt=\"Kailan Meserve of Petrolia, shown in his mugshot. He was sentenced to 23 years in prison.\" width=\"500\" height=\"593\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/KailanMugshot.jpg 500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/KailanMugshot-400x474.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kailan Meserve of Petrolia, shown in his mugshot. He was sentenced to 23 years in prison. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the next year, he enrolled in treatment for alcohol abuse, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036032-Bail-Motion.html\">court records\u003c/a>. Facebook photos show he and his family also enjoyed a Disney vacation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Epperson fell into a deep depression. He couldn’t shake the feeling that he was responsible for Terri climbing into Meserve’s truck that night. With harvest season over, Terri had left Petrolia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, on April 4, 2016, the trial date arrived. Meserve sat next to his lawyer in a courtroom in downtown Eureka, dressed in a button-down shirt and slacks. Terri had returned to take the stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is this your first time testifying in court? How do you feel about being here?” prosecutor Brie Bennett asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK,” Terri replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She described the night in detail. The feeling of panic, the sexual acts, the violence. She answered questions from the defense attorney about her sex life in Petrolia and a shoplifting conviction from years ago. At one point, her voice began to crack, and she wiped tears from behind her black-framed glasses. Her voice grew faint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge leaned over. “Please speak up,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other victim described waking up the morning after the assault, crying and sore. She told her friend she had to go, according to court records, and began the long drive back to San Francisco, making stops to throw up along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the stand, Meserve denied having a drug problem and called his encounters with Terri and the other woman consensual. Everyone was drunk, he said. No one ever told him to stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Did she say she wanted to go to the trailer?” the prosecutor asked about Terri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She never said she didn’t,” Meserve responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From her seat in the courtroom, Meserve’s sister, Amy, remembers watching an image take shape that she did not recognize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s being portrayed like some monster,” she said later. “Obviously, he did not think he was raping anyone. I just don’t think he did. That’s not who he is, that’s not what he’s capable of. I just know if they would have said no or stop or anything, he would have stopped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Meserve’s family attended the trial, most of the group that had supported Terri remained behind in Petrolia. It was a far distance to travel, but it also was painful to watch. Many believed it had been a mistake to contact law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am friends with his sister and his dad and his mom,” said longtime local grower Greg Smith. “It feels like we’re carrying a big weight on our chest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130106\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Nearly everyone in the tiny town of Petrolia knows each other. Most are involved in marijuana growing to some degree. It’s where Terri, a 22-year-old environmentalist and musician, arrived in the middle of the 2014 harvest season looking for trimming work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nearly everyone in the tiny town of Petrolia knows each other. Most are involved in marijuana growing to some degree. It’s where Terri, a 22-year-old environmentalist and musician, arrived in the middle of the 2014 harvest season looking for trimming work. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The community of Petrolia was changing, but residents weren’t sure it was for the better. California Gov. Jerry Brown had signed a package of laws that would further regulate the medical marijuana industry, beginning with state-issued licenses in 2018. Many Humboldt County growers have refused to participate. They would not sign up for county permits, the first step toward legal compliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To complicate matters, under the new regulations, counties can ban growing altogether, and many have, preserving a highly profitable black market. Competition is increasing, and prices are likely to drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this new future, it seemed, small farmers would struggle financially. Success would mean going big or continuing to sell on the black market. Before his arrest, Meserve had found that success growing marijuana, accruing land, money and power. But some wondered, at what cost?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 19, a jury found Meserve guilty of 15 felony counts, including rape and false imprisonment. His wife began to cry as deputies handcuffed him and took him into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the news reached Petrolia, many in the group that had supported Terri felt deflated instead of relieved. They knew the conviction meant Meserve could end up spending the rest of his life in prison. Smith and Epperson agreed to write letters to the judge urging a lenient sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would rather have rehabilitation than punishment,” Smith said. “Some people think it’s impossible with him, but I don’t know. I just have hope that people can change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 28, the Meserve family and their supporters filed into the courtroom. Meserve’s mother, sister and wife cried as he stood motionless, awaiting the judge’s sentence. Each read from a prepared statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These charges are extreme and overboard,” said his father, David. “These charges are from an enthusiasm for prosecuting people in the marijuana industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kailan wants to start an AA group in Petrolia,” said Monica, his wife. “He wants to give back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri was not there. An advocate read a statement from the second victim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every morsel of self-confidence has left me,” she read. “Humboldt is my home, and I cannot bring myself to visit my friends or family there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge sentenced Meserve to 23 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130107\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"A handwritten ad solicits work in downtown Garberville. Male trimmers told Reveal they repeatedly were passed up or let go to make room for female workers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A handwritten ad solicits work in downtown Garberville. Male trimmers told Reveal they repeatedly were passed up or let go to make room for female workers. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He did not make a statement in court that day. Through his family, he declined to comment for this story. Terri has since moved out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, as the harvest season swings into full gear, a new crop of trimmigrants is streaming north, thumbs out, pointing toward the thickly forested mountains of the Emerald Triangle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> An earlier version of this story incorrectly characterized the pingpong tournament held at Petrolia’s community center. Only Meserve was involved with the setup.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "For decades, the Emerald Triangle has provided cover for the nation’s largest marijuana-growing industry. But its forests also hide secrets, among them young women with stories of sexual abuse and exploitation.",
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"title": "In Secretive Marijuana Industry, Whispers of Abuse and Trafficking | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was part of a special edition of KQED’s The California Report Magazine, produced in collaboration with Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting, a nonprofit news organization based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Learn more at\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://revealnews.org/\">\u003cem>revealnews.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and subscribe to the Reveal podcast, produced with PRX, at\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"http://revealnews.org/podcast\">\u003cem>revealnews.org/podcast\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he trees towered above them, limbs etched in black against the night sky. He steered his pickup down a narrow path of mud and rocks and parked in front of a trailer. He tried to kiss her. She froze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What are you doing?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to get up early,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He began groping her body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t you have a wife?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woods seemed to crawl with creatures; the ground was slick with rain. As wilderness pulsed around them, she ran through the possibilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she fled, would she find her way out? If she fought back, would he hurt her?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would anyone hear her if she screamed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the special edition of The California Report Magazine, produced in collaboration with Reveal from The Center for Investigation Reporting:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”400″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287778617″&visual=true&”auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287778617″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Emerald Triangle, trees are ever present. They peek over small towns and dip into valleys, sheathing this cluster of remote Northern California counties in silence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, the ancient forests here have provided cover for the nation’s largest marijuana-growing industry, shielding pot farmers from convention, outsiders and law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the forests also hide secrets, among them young women with stories of sexual abuse and exploitation. Some have spoken out; a handful have pressed charges. Most have confided only in private.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students from the nearest college, Humboldt State University, return from a summer of trimming marijuana buds with tales of being forced to give their boss a blow job to get paid. Other “trimmigrants,” who typically work during the June-to-November harvest, recount offers of higher wages to trim topless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During one harvest season, two growers began having sex with their teenage trimmer. When they feared she would run away, they locked her inside an oversized toolbox with breathing holes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact with law enforcement is rare and, female trimmigrants say, rarely satisfying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130062\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Emily Rothman of Florida throws her pack into a truck that will take her to a friend’s pot farm in Garberville. She said all the women she knows have been warned of things to watch out for when coming to the area for work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/EmilyRothmanTrimmigrant-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emily Rothman of Florida throws her pack into a truck that will take her to a friend’s pot farm in Garberville. She said all the women she knows have been warned of things to watch out for when coming to the area for work. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Verifying their stories is as difficult as finding your way through the forest at night, down twisty dirt roads, to one of the backwoods marijuana farms. During months of reporting in the region, Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting unearthed dozens of accounts of sexual exploitation, abuse and trafficking. Victims’ advocates say the problem is far larger and, with every harvest, continues to grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Women believe they are getting hired for trimming work, and then they’re drugged and raped,” said Maryann Hayes Mariani, a coordinator for the North Coast Rape Crisis Team. “Everybody looks at (the region) like it’s the Land of Oz. I’m just so tired of pretending like it’s not happening here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet law enforcement repeatedly has failed to investigate abuse and sexual violence in the industry. Instead, officers mostly focus on what they view as the root cause of the problem: the drug trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the rural counties of Northern California, marijuana is still a largely underground industry, worth billions. Last year, legal California sales alone were valued at $2.7 billion, according to \u003ca href=\"https://frontierfinancials.com/product/california/?ref=AMR\">The ArcView Group\u003c/a>, a marijuana market research firm. Sales are projected to balloon to $6.4 billion by 2020 if marijuana is legalized for recreational use. It’s big business, drawing busloads of job seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130068\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130068\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Ads for trimmers are tacked to a bulletin board in Garberville, Calif. Female trimmers often pair up, even form trimming collectives, counting on safety in numbers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmigrantScissorPost-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ads for trimmers are tacked to a bulletin board in Garberville, Calif. Female trimmers often pair up, even form trimming collectives, counting on safety in numbers. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The number of trimmigrants who go missing alone is overwhelming for law enforcement, fueling an epidemic of the lost. In 2015, Humboldt County reported 352 missing people, more per capita than any other county in \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/missing/stats\">the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When an artist from San Francisco disappeared in the Humboldt County town of Garberville last harvest season, her mother and roommate filed a missing persons report. Months later, she resurfaced to tell her family she had been held against her will on a marijuana farm, drugged and sexually abused. She never formally reported her abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the time of her disappearance, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.humboldtgov.org/187/Sheriffs-Office\">Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office\u003c/a>had labeled her a “voluntary missing adult.” They flagged the case as a low priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people come to Humboldt each year to work on the marijuana farms,” the deputy who took the report told her roommate \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3035995-Screen-Shot-2016-08-29-at-3-47-56-PM.html\">in an email\u003c/a>. “So far she is falling into the same category as many others have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to women and girls who come of their own volition to trim, others are brought in specifically to provide sex services. Come harvest season, escorts flood these rural areas, drawn to the large population of male growers and laborers who spend months at a time alone on isolated mountain farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron Prose, an investigator for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.eureka.ca.gov/depts/police/\">Eureka Police Departmen\u003c/a>t, said sex traffickers know law enforcement agencies have little interest in cracking down on them. None of the county agencies surveyed by Reveal have investigators assigned to human trafficking. Prose himself is semi-retired; he investigates trafficking cases when he has time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130072\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130072\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Some growers prefer to keep trimmers in the dark about where they are working, blindfolding workers before driving to remote plots deep in the mountains.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmedLeaves-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Some growers prefer to keep trimmers in the dark about where they are working, blindfolding workers before driving to remote plots deep in the mountains. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For women, the dangers are due in part to the gender dynamics in the industry. Growing is a male-dominated field, and many growers prefer to hire female trimmers. Several told Reveal that they believe women are more dexterous, making them more efficient workers. Others are looking for company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of these younger guys don’t have regular relationships because they’re out in the hills growing weed, but they still want a girl,” Prose said. “It sounds kind of crude, but they seek female companionship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, many marijuana farms are responsible operations. Most workers describe good experiences, including excellent pay, food and shelter. Many also welcome the unusual working conditions of an industry long at odds with mainstream culture and the law. Drug use on the job, for instance, is common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, California voters will decide whether to fully \u003ca href=\"http://vig.cdn.sos.ca.gov/2016/general/en/pdf/complete-vig.pdf\">legalize recreational marijuana\u003c/a>. But such use remains illegal under federal and most state laws, and the culture of silence is so embedded in the state’s industry – the nation’s top black market supplier – it seems unlikely that legalization alone will dramatically alter the landscape for women toiling deep in the Emerald Triangle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of wilderness here, and dirt roads and acres of forest,” said Amy Benitez, a victims’ advocate in Humboldt County. “There’s a lot of nooks and crannies you can hide in. You add this criminal element to it, where there’s money, and there’s just more ways that you can abuse power and control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Saturday, Oct. 18, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>hat power imbalance is what ensnared a 22-year-old environmentalist and musician who arrived in one of the mountain towns in the middle of the 2014 harvest season looking for trimming work. In Petrolia, Terri – not her real name – found a world apart from her hometown in the Los Angeles Basin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Petrolia sits beneath the King Range mountains at the edge of Humboldt County, hidden behind a curtain of redwoods and Douglas fir trees. With a population of about 400, it has one general store, one bar, no cellphone service and no police. It’s about two hours down crumbling cliffside roads to the nearest highway. Most locals live in the surrounding mountains, overlooking the forested valley and black sand beaches of the last undeveloped stretch of California known as the Lost Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130076\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130076\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"The town of Petrolia sits beneath the King Range mountains at the edge of Humboldt County. With a population of about 400, it has one general store, one bar, no cellphone service and no police.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaCA-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The town of Petrolia sits beneath the King Range mountains at the edge of Humboldt County. With a population of about 400, it has one general store, one bar, no cellphone service and no police. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I like to think of Petrolia as this little town hanging off the edge of the world,” said Jenoa Briar-Bonpane, a former resident who became Terri’s therapist. “At night, you’ve never seen so many stars.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly everyone in Petrolia knows each other. Most are involved in marijuana growing to some degree. But like other small towns dotting the Emerald Triangle, in the past decade, more and more people have moved in. Greenhouses have sprung up, enabling industrial-scale marijuana growing. Larger farms have drawn more workers from outside the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Terri did not have a job. An acquaintance introduced her to Cedar McCulloch-Clow and Emily Herman, a married couple with two children, a horde of chickens and goats, and a bicycle-strewn junkyard. Terri set up a tent in the couple’s yard, plunked down her violin and camping gear and began looking for work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130079\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130079\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Cedar McCulloch-Clow, a goat farmer and volunteer firefighter, owns the property where Terri pitched her tent while doing trim work in Petrolia.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Cedar-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cedar McCulloch-Clow, a goat farmer and volunteer firefighter, owns the property where Terri pitched her tent while doing trim work in Petrolia. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She also set about working her way into the community. She went to the weekly farmers market at the community center and ran and biked in the annual Rye and Tide, a 7 1/2-mile race that begins with a swig of whiskey outside the town bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri found a couple of trimming jobs, including for Sam Epperson and his partner, Rachel Adair. Their operation was far smaller than the region’s newer marijuana fields – known as grows – and had a vegetable garden and turkey coop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri and three other trimmers sat in a row of swivel office chairs in a wood-paneled trimming shack. They wore aprons to keep from tracking loose leaves into the house and carefully tallied the weight of their work – they would be paid $200 a pound – with pencil and paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130081\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130081\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Terri sat in an office chair in this cramped shack, trimming marijuana buds. She and three other trimmers were paid $200 for every pound. They wore aprons and tracked their work with paper and pencil.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/TrimmingStation-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terri sat in an office chair in this cramped shack, trimming marijuana buds. She and three other trimmers were paid $200 for every pound. They wore aprons and tracked their work with paper and pencil. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Epperson, quiet and bespectacled with a mop of graying curls, prepared fresh food and drinks for the workers. Every day, he offered them an organic chocolate bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One night, on the concrete patio of the town bar – \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/yellowrosepetrolia/\">the Yellow Rose\u003c/a> – Terri met a grower named Kailan Meserve. He was twice her age, tan and muscular, with a swagger and salt-and-pepper hair. Meserve mentioned he needed trimmers and bought her a beer. A friend of Terri’s, Katie Finnegan, went inside to buy another drink. When Finnegan returned, Terri had disappeared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130082\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130082\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Marijuana trimmer Terri met local grower Kailan Meserve one night at the Yellow Rose bar in Petrolia, Calif., in 2014.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/YellowRoseBar-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marijuana trimmer Terri met local grower Kailan Meserve one night at the Yellow Rose bar in Petrolia, Calif., in 2014. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Inside, the bar is a bright, airy space with pristine off-white walls and a polished beige floor – a contrast with its often grungy clientele. One side of the bar is lined with light metal cafe tables, the other with pool tables and arcade games. The darkest part of the bar is to the left of the dartboard, a long dim hallway to the single-stall women’s restroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 45 minutes after Finnegan lost track of Terri, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036002-Yellow-Rose-excerpt.html\">court records show\u003c/a> she found her unconscious in that bathroom, her pants around her ankles. Terri appeared to have fallen and hit the sink on her way down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri remembered almost nothing about the night. She was concerned something had happened with Meserve. But back on the grow, Epperson and Adair put her at ease: Meserve was \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036003-Humboldt-County-Supervisorial-District-1-PDF.html\">a captain\u003c/a> of the volunteer fire department, the son of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcoastjournal.com/091803/cover0918.html\">prominent\u003c/a> local environmental activist and politician. Meserve, they said, was married with toddler twins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a good guy,” Epperson recalled telling her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple still had work for Terri, but on their small-scale grow, the harvest wouldn’t last long. They encouraged her to take up Meserve on his offer of a trimming job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was advice Epperson now says he deeply regrets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">C\u003c/span>onservative ranchers and loggers dominated the small population of the Emerald Triangle when hippies began arriving en masse in the late 1960s. They were a diverse bunch, from tree-sitting activists to disillusioned Vietnam veterans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kailan Meserve’s father came to Humboldt County as part of the “back to the land” movement. His first home was a teepee on the Mattole River. Later, he built a house in Petrolia, where he, his wife and children lived on wind and solar power, grew produce and raised their own goats, cows and chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, marijuana was a recreational drug, grown mostly for personal use. It didn’t stay that way for long. Growers realized they could better support themselves and their families by selling pot on the black market. The climate was ideal, the woods and mountains isolated enough to conceal the illicit crop. The American-grown marijuana industry was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130085\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130085\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Sunshine Johnston tends to cannabis plants at her farm in Redcrest, Calif., in the Emerald Triangle.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/SunshineTends-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunshine Johnston tends to cannabis plants at her farm in Redcrest, Calif., in the Emerald Triangle. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From the outset, the children of these growers had more difficulties than their parents. The Summer of Love was over. Across the community, alcohol and drug abuse was rampant. So was law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The threat of raids constantly loomed over the Meserve household, threatening to pull the family apart. According to Meserve’s sister, Amy, their parents began using cocaine and alcohol and exploded into constant fights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just got really crazy,” she recalled. “Kailan pretty much raised us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When federal \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/10/us/military-takes-part-in-drug-sweep-and-reaps-criticism-and-a-lawsuit.html?pagewanted=all\">Operation Green Sweep\u003c/a> touched down in Petrolia in 1990, soldiers flew helicopters overhead and officers confronted families in their homes with M16 rifles. Children learned to lie about the reality of their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still have PTSD,” said Sam Epperson, who grew up on a marijuana farm in eastern Humboldt County. “I can hear choppers flying from miles away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With law enforcement crackdowns came higher black market prices and greater risks. To protect their crops from theft, many farmers began to carry guns and booby-trap their properties. Residents dealt with crime themselves, avoiding law enforcement whenever possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1996, California became the first state in the country to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/MMP/Pages/CompassionateUseact.aspx\">legalize medical marijuana\u003c/a>. But the law failed to limit the amount of marijuana that could be grown, and law enforcement had no way to determine which plants were cultivated for medical purposes or for profit. Crime and black market growing in the Emerald Triangle soared, including by growers with connections to organized crime, vastly eclipsing local law enforcement’s efforts to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lt. Wayne Hanson of the Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office put it simply: “We lost the drug war many years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The turmoil prompted some of the children to leave. Kailan Meserve was among the many who stayed. He became a stonemason, specializing in fireplaces, and grew pot on the side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “green rush” hit Petrolia in 2010. With California voters \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/ballot/2010/19_11_2010.pdf\">considering full legalization\u003c/a>, new growers poured into town hoping to get rich. The hippie haven was about to go mainstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law did not pass, but according to friends, Meserve decided that if anyone was going to make money peddling pot, it was going to be him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He viewed himself as having that hometown advantage,” Cedar McCulloch-Clow said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Locals noticed the change. At a party a few years ago, therapist Jenoa Briar-Bonpane recalls looking over the edge of a mountain ridge and spotting two new grow operations below. “Where did those come from?” she wondered. Someone said they belonged to Meserve, and he became the talk of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a sense of, ‘Wow, he’s really blowing things up,’ ” Briar-Bonpane said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a big employer in town, and a local, Meserve enjoyed a trust not afforded to outsiders, including a freedom from consequences, according to friends. He’d always had a brash demeanor and a reputation for hitting on women – even after he married in 2001. Over time, those who knew him said he seemed to sink deeper into drugs and alcohol. He was convicted three times for driving under the influence, according to court records, and got into a car crash that \u003ca href=\"http://www.times-standard.com/general-news/20080921/two-injured-in-petrolia-crash\">seriously injured\u003c/a> him and his wife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He “got a little big for his britches,” Amy Meserve said, “and lost his filter completely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of it seemed to slow down Meserve. His business expanded, and the trimmigrants who showed up in Petrolia looking for work were thankful for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sunday, Nov. 9, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>erri saw Kailan Meserve again at a pingpong tournament. He was one of the few entrusted with a key to the community center and had set up the tables.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meserve offered to buy Terri drinks several times, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">according to investigators\u003c/a> – and each time, she declined. Around 10 p.m., he asked if she had to time to talk, she recalled, “to clear things up.” He offered to give her a ride home. It was rainy, and without sidewalks and streetlights, a walk home in Petrolia could be treacherous. She agreed. She figured she might also ask him about a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130089\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130089\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"One night after a pingpong tournament at the Mattole Valley Community Center in Petrolia, Calif., 22-year-old trimmer Terri got a ride home from local grower Kailan Meserve. But home isn’t where he took her.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/MattoleCommunityCenter-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One night after a pingpong tournament at the Mattole Valley Community Center in Petrolia, Calif., 22-year-old trimmer Terri got a ride home from local grower Kailan Meserve. But home isn’t where he took her. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Terri was staying about 2 miles from the community center. But Meserve went the opposite direction, turning right toward a dark mass of trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where are we going?” she asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just want to show you where my property is,” she remembers him saying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri started to get a “weird feeling,” according to court records. She told him she had to get up early. He ignored her and continued down the road, turning right again at a metal gate and entering a narrow dirt path into a thicket of towering eucalyptus. Finally, they came to a trailer and stopped. He tried to kiss her. She froze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130092\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130092\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"This is the entrance to the isolated property in Petrolia where local grower Kailan Meserve took Terri after a pingpong tournament.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/WoodedPath-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This is the entrance to the isolated property in Petrolia where local grower Kailan Meserve took Terri after a pingpong tournament. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What are you doing?” she asked. “Don’t you have a wife?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her mind spun through the possibilities. Could she find her way back if she ran? Would he chase her? Hurt her? Would anyone hear her if she screamed?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was happening so fast and she could hardly see. Everything outside the beam of the headlights was flooded in black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri declined to be interviewed for this story, but she encouraged friends and community members to open up and gave permission for her therapist, Briar-Bonpane, to speak as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking her to a place that was dark, forested, unknown to her,” Briar-Bonpane said, “it’s the most terrifying situation for a woman who’s with a scary man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meserve asked her to go inside. Terri climbed out of the truck and walked into the trailer. She remembers a small kitchen and a bedroom with a bare mattress. Over the next few hours, according to records, Meserve repeatedly penetrated her and forced her to perform oral sex until she gagged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He held down her arms and at one point throttled her neck. When she began gasping for air, he told her she was “weak and couldn’t take it.” She didn’t scream. The more violent he was, she’d later tell the investigators, the more excited he seemed to become.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to make you my bitch,” she recalls him saying, according to court records. He threatened to kill her, freeze her body and throw her to the animals if he ever found out she had slept with anyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">M\u003c/span>any trimmigrants begin their journey about two hours southeast of Petrolia, in a small strip of a town at the hub of California’s outdoor growing economy. Garberville is surrounded on all sides by mountains of towering redwoods and lined with the kinds of businesses sustained by disposable income, including a \u003ca href=\"http://www.humboldt-hunnies-eminence-day-spa.com/\">spa\u003c/a> and a motorcycle \u003ca href=\"http://www.dazeysmotorsports.com/\">dealership\u003c/a>. Next door, in Redway, there’s even a \u003ca href=\"http://www.thegroomroompetsalon.com/\">pet salon\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Come harvest season, trimmigrants arrive from all over the country and world – college students and artists, working professionals and tourists, homeless hippies and other wanderers. Without connections, they crowd the sidewalks as though on the floor of an auction house, jockeying for jobs with homemade signs. Others camp along the river or in the woods until they find work or try to meet potential employers by frequenting local bars or volunteering at one of the area’s many marijuana-funded nonprofits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130093\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130093\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Carsten (L) and girlfriend Maya (R), both of Germany, and Beaver (back) of London head out after a free lunch at the Mateel Community Center in Redway, Calif. They were looking for trimming jobs to fund their travels but hadn’t gotten any work yet.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CarstenMaya-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carsten (L) and girlfriend Maya (R), both of Germany, and Beaver (back) of London head out after a free lunch at the Mateel Community Center in Redway, Calif. They were looking for trimming jobs to fund their travels but hadn’t gotten any work yet. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With marijuana fetching black market prices, they expect wages far higher than typical migrant farmworkers – as much as $300 a day, depending on how fast they work. A successful season can fund months of travel, and the experience itself can be an adventure, harkening back to the drug-infused journeys of Grateful Dead fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of cocaine, a lot of Ecstasy, a lot of meth, a lot of heroin,” said Terri’s former employer Rachel Adair. “It’s like a big party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But trimmigrants also stumble into a treacherous landscape, both on and off the job. Many locals despise their presence, the trash, the carousing on sidewalks – and the negative impact on tourism. Members of a Garberville group called Locals on Patrol take photographs, check identification and tell people to move on. Anti-trimmigrant bumper stickers have proliferated. “No Work Here, Keep Moving,” they read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trimmigrants also serve at the mercy of their bosses, who are themselves vulnerable to the risks of operating in the black market – ranging from robberies to law enforcement stings. As a result, some growers prefer to keep trimmers in the dark about where they are working. Workers and advocates say growers sometimes blindfold trimmers before driving to plots deep in the mountains, locations so remote that they often lack cell service and public transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When conflicts arise, trimmigrants may find themselves fired without pay. Even those who complete the job might never get paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130094\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130094\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CraigslistTrimmers1-800x1422.jpg\" alt=\"In Craigslist ads, aspiring female trimmers sometimes include photos of themselves in bikinis or low-cut tops, exploiting the demand for female workers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1422\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CraigslistTrimmers1.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CraigslistTrimmers1-400x711.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Craigslist ads, aspiring female trimmers sometimes include photos of themselves in bikinis or low-cut tops, exploiting the demand for female workers. \u003ccite>(Shoshana Walter/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At 38 years old, Amy Jarose is among the most experienced trimmigrants. One time, she was working on a farm in the mountains when, she said, the grower began to pressure her for blow jobs and sex. She immediately left on foot, without pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You hitchhike,” Jarose said. “You pack up your bags and hit the road and hope to God a really good person will pick you up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growers often target women for trimming jobs; male trimmers told Reveal they repeatedly were passed up or let go to make room for female workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some women exploit the demand. On \u003ca href=\"https://humboldt.craigslist.org/search/fgs\">Craigslist\u003c/a> during the last harvest season, aspiring trimmers posted photos of themselves in bikinis or low-cut tops, accompanied by winking emoticons. One advertisement, offering “Oriental female trimmers,” included the phone number of a sensual massage parlor in Los Angeles. On a community bulletin board in downtown Garberville, a pink lace garter belt adorned one ad, while another read, “We love to cook … and much more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deanna Hirschi once worked as a trimmer but said she soon realized she could earn more by offering sex for pay. She met growers at motels in Garberville or sometimes hours into the mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The guys on the hills pay $500 an hour,” she said, three or four times the amount she might get in a city. “They’re stuck up on a hill and they come down from the hill for one day, and they’ve got hundreds of thousands of dollars in their pocket.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The demand for female companionship has contributed to sex trafficking in these rural areas from all over the country and world, including from Mexico and Eastern Europe, according to social service providers and victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One local trafficking survivor, who goes by the name Elle Snow, started a nonprofit organization to spread awareness in Humboldt County called\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/itsgameover101/\">Game Over\u003c/a>. To measure the demand, she posted fake escort advertisements on the classified ad website \u003ca href=\"http://humboldt.backpage.com/FemaleEscorts/classifieds/Disclaimer?category=517483\">Backpage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130096\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130096\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-800x443.jpg\" alt=\"A Backpage ad offers escort services in Humboldt County. To measure demand for such services, local trafficking survivor Elle Snow, who now runs a nonprofit, posted a fake Backpage ad. Within two months, she said, she had accumulated calls and text messages from 437 phone numbers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-800x443.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-400x221.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-1180x653.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-960x532.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-672x372.jpg 672w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/BackpageAd-1038x576.jpg 1038w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Backpage ad offers escort services in Humboldt County. To measure demand for such services, local trafficking survivor Elle Snow, who now runs a nonprofit, posted a fake Backpage ad. Within two months, she said, she had accumulated calls and text messages from 437 phone numbers. \u003ccite>(Shoshana Walter/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Within two months, Snow said, she had accumulated calls and text messages from 437 phone numbers. Many came from southern Humboldt – where Garberville and Petrolia are located – an indication to Snow that many of the potential clients were involved in the marijuana industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Traffickers call Humboldt County not just green for the weed, but green for the bitches,” she said, referring to the money traffickers can make selling women and sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many trimmers welcome the attention, but others do not. Women pair up, even form trimming collectives, counting on safety in numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130097\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130097\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CListOrientalTrimmers-800x1223.jpg\" alt=\"A Craigslist ad offers “Oriental female trimmers” in Humboldt County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1223\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CListOrientalTrimmers.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CListOrientalTrimmers-400x612.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Craigslist ad offers “Oriental female trimmers” in Humboldt County. \u003ccite>(Shoshana Walter/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Paige Radcliff and Emma Less came last season for trimming work, hoping to make enough to fund their own future harvest. During nearly 14-hour days, the two listened to Israeli folk music and bent over plastic tubs in their laps, rotating the buds with the tips of their fingers as they clipped off the stems and curly bits of leaf. “Give it a little haircut,” Radcliff said again and again, until they had piled up 6 pounds of smooth round nuggets and their fingers were coated in potent, sticky brown resin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If a girl comes here on her own, I wouldn’t recommend it,” Less said. Prior to finding this job, they encountered growers who hit on them – and they simply walked away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Radcliff agreed. “Unless you can super defend yourself, or you just give off a super-intimidating vibe where dudes are scared of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Like a truck driver.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or a pirate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Exactly, just come across as, like, super peg leg.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Think about it,” Less said, over the steady snip of her scissors. “None of this is monitored. No one knows you’re here, not here. It’s easy for people to go missing. It’s easy for people to take advantage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Monday, Nov. 10, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>erri showed up for work in a daze the morning after she was assaulted in the forest. Bruises covered her chest and the back of her head. As she picked up her clippers, her boss remembers, she began to cry. She told Rachel Adair that “something inappropriate” had happened with Kailan Meserve and that she was scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adair – an emergency room nurse and midwife – sent Terri to Jenoa Briar-Bonpane, a therapist and friend. Terri told the therapist the rest of the story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a predator,” Briar-Bonpane recalls thinking. She had treated child sex abuse and rape victims for years, but she was especially struck by how calculating Meserve sounded. “He must be stopped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week later, some of Terri’s former employers called for a meeting, inviting town elders, the local doctor and friends. On a crisp November morning, about a dozen people joined Terri in the home near where she had pitched her tent. They gathered in a somber circle around a heavy oak dining table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cedar McCulloch-Clow, 38, with perpetual dirt under his fingernails and a baseball cap on his head, recalls feeling conflicted about the meeting. He had become friends with Terri during her many nights camping on their property. But he also had known Meserve since he was 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The room was tense and quiet, except for the sounds of children playing down the hall. Adair remembers wanting to ensure, first and foremost, that Terri was safe. Dr. Dick Scheinman was adamant that they call the police. Most others wanted to find an alternate solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130098\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"A week after Terri’s rape, community members gathered around this table in Cedar McCulloch-Clow’s home, trying to decide what should be done about her assault.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LivingRoom-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A week after Terri’s rape, community members gathered around this table in Cedar McCulloch-Clow’s home, trying to decide what should be done about her assault. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Greg Smith, whose family has long grown marijuana, was among the town elders there. “There’s a lot of people who grow pot, and they have a resistance to calling the law,” he said later. “It’s kind of the Wild West in some ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ideas came in quick succession and were rejected just as quickly. Bring Meserve before a community tribunal. Send a large contingent of men to his doorstep. Gather Petrolia’s population of elderly women and have them chase after him with their shoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith decided to pay Meserve a visit at home. He urged him to admit he had a problem, show remorse and enroll in therapy and drug and alcohol treatment. Meserve refused, he said, describing the night in the trailer as consensual. Next, Smith approached Fire Chief Travis Howe about kicking Meserve out of the volunteer fire department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when the group learned this wasn’t the first time Meserve had been accused of rape. A year earlier, a young woman was visiting a friend of Meserve’s. After a night of partying at the Yellow Rose bar, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">31-year-old woman said\u003c/a>, Meserve came into her room while she was sleeping and forced himself on her. When he couldn’t maintain an erection, he left, but soon came back and tried again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman never filed a police report, and only a few people in town knew. Howe was one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howe said he had confronted Meserve, who told him it was consensual. “He messed up terribly, cheating on his wife,” Howe said. “He needed to get spanked.” When Meserve promised to do better, Howe kept him on as a fire captain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the group realized Terri’s experience was not an isolated incident. It was a pattern of behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One week had passed since Terri’s assault. She had expressed little interest in contacting law enforcement. But the group thought something had to be done for the safety of other women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They asked her to take a step many rape victims dread: Would she call the police?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">F\u003c/span>or victims of sexual assault, the answer often lies beneath layers of fear and shame. Rape\u003ca href=\"http://www.nij.gov/topics/crime/rape-sexual-violence/pages/rape-notification.aspx\"> usually goes unreported\u003c/a>, but trimmigrants face particular pressure to avoid law enforcement. Calling police may rule out future jobs in the industry, especially if that contact alerts police to an illegal grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hell no, you don’t call the cops on anybody for anything if you want to work in Humboldt,” said Karen Bejcek, a trimmigrant who usually lives in a teepee in Siskiyou County when she’s not trimming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other conditions in pot country prevent victims from seeking any kind of help. Trimmigrants often lack the local connections or even the know-how to successfully navigate their way out of the wild, wooded terrain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because many work on illegal grows, they suspect law enforcement won’t do anything anyway. And because the industry attracts a young and transient workforce, victims – who may come with their own troubled histories – do not always recognize they are being abused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130099\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-800x536.jpg\" alt=\"Khaled Mourra (L) of Mexico and Mayssan Charafeddine of Montreal try to hitch a ride in Garberville, Calif. During harvest season, “trimmigrants” crowd the town’s sidewalks jockeying for jobs with homemade signs or try to meet potential employers by frequenting local bars.\" width=\"800\" height=\"536\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-800x536.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-400x268.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Khaled-960x643.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khaled Mourra (L) of Mexico and Mayssan Charafeddine of Montreal try to hitch a ride in Garberville, Calif. During harvest season, “trimmigrants” crowd the town’s sidewalks jockeying for jobs with homemade signs or try to meet potential employers by frequenting local bars. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One teen from Humboldt County said she started working for a local grower when she was 12. He gave her methamphetamine to speed up her trimming work, she said, and passed her around to pay off his debts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re tweaking, you’re good,” she said, touting her trimming prowess. “I did, like, a couple pounds in like one night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The girl eventually ran away, reaching a youth homeless shelter in the county seat of Eureka, only to discover that pimps were using it as a hunting ground. At 14, she said, she became their recruiter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wasn’t the only one. At least two other shelter residents said men used them to recruit other teens, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036021-AC-Disclosure-101414-1.html\">according to a report\u003c/a> later submitted to the state Department of Social Services. The shelter’s executive director, Patt Sweeney, said he was aware teens in the program had been trafficked for sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve made reports to law enforcement,” he said. “It’s just very hard to prosecute.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In exchange for alcohol and marijuana, the girl brought other teens to parties at local motels, where they were given drugs and alcohol and had sex, sometimes by force. She said the parties drew growers and gang members involved in marijuana distribution. Because she brought girls, she said she was never assaulted – and the music and dancing could be fun. But she doesn’t remember much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was always drunk,” she said with a shrug. “And then we’d just go buy more drugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the girls she met at the shelter and parties also traveled south to trim on marijuana farms. Once there, she said, some found they were expected to do more than trim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sales pitch to young girls is common in pot country, according to Leah Gee, the director of a group home in Eureka that housed the girl. “They’ll give you weed, alcohol and food, and all you have to do is trim.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130101\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130101\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"“They’ll give you weed, alcohol and food, and all you have to do is trim,” Leah Gee says of the sales pitch to underage girls looking for work on pot farms. But Gee, the director of a group home in Eureka, Calif., says they sometimes find they’re expected to do more than trim.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/LeahGee-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“They’ll give you weed, alcohol and food, and all you have to do is trim,” Leah Gee says of the sales pitch to underage girls looking for work on pot farms. But Gee, the director of a group home in Eureka, Calif., says they sometimes find they’re expected to do more than trim. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2013, federal prosecutors said two growers picked up a 15-year-old runaway in Hollywood and took her to their farm in Lake County, near Humboldt. They directed her to trim marijuana and have sex with them, sometimes while chained to a metal rack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In interviews with police after a raid of the farm, the girl described the sex with one of the men as consensual. Sex with the other grower was “\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3035371-Balletto-Complaint.html\">not as consensual\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she was not free to leave: To keep her from fleeing\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>the men put her inside an oversized metal toolbox with breathing holes for several days, according to court records, using a garden hose to clean out her waste. The men also shocked the girl with a cattle prod and told her she would be shot by neighbors if she attempted to leave, an employee later told police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local prosecutors charged the men with human trafficking, the first case of its kind in the county. But when federal authorities took over the case, the trafficking charge was dropped. The men are expected to plead guilty later this year on charges of illegal marijuana cultivation and employing a minor in a drug operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sunday, Nov. 23, 2014\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">A\u003c/span> deputy sheriff from Humboldt County, Michael Hass, had Terri recount the entire story of her assault over the phone before telling her she had to come in person to make a report – a nearly two-hour drive. The community group that had encouraged her to report made the arrangements. Jenoa Briar-Bonpane went along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they arrived at the county sheriff’s office in Eureka, they walked through the metal detector, down a beige cinder-block hallway to a dimly lit window in the waiting room, Briar-Bonpane recalls. They told the receptionist they were there to see Hass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After several minutes passed, Hass swung open the door, barely making eye contact with Terri. He told her to follow him, but barred Briar-Bonpane from joining her. She told him it was common practice for an advocate to accompany a sexual assault victim to make a report. According to Briar-Bonpane, Hass refused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked about the account, Hass said he did not know that Briar-Bonpane was an advocate and he objected to the many complaints the sheriff’s office later received about his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were the same complaints that we weren’t taking it seriously and the investigation wasn’t up to the people of Petrolia’s standards,” he said. “From my standpoint, it got handled very seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri agreed to make the report anyway. Hass took her into an empty room and pushed a typed statement based on her telephone account in front of her, Briar-Bonpane said. Terri signed it, and five minutes later, they returned to the waiting room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Can you tell us when you’re going to pick him up?” Briar-Bonpane remembers asking, referring to Kailan Meserve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To file her report, Terri was told she had to come in person. It turned out the same trip was not required of Meserve, Briar-Bonpane said. To her surprise, Hass told her deputies already had interviewed Meserve in Petrolia. Meserve had told them the same story he had told others: The night in the trailer was consensual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal could not find any record that the deputies ever searched the trailer, and Meserve’s sister, Amy, confirmed that they never did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one in town seems concerned about him,” Hass said, according to Briar-Bonpane. “We’re not going to arrest him. There’s no evidence.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news left the group back in Petrolia shocked – and Terri terrified. While she moved from home to home and finally to a motel outside of town, the group began to deluge the sheriff’s office with emails and phone calls. Terri’s friend Katie Finnegan took a day off work to file a complaint with the office about its handling of the case. Residents sent \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036023-Petrolia-DA-Emails.html\">letters to the district attorney\u003c/a>, complaining about Hass and urging that Meserve be prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Please do not let this go without a thorough investigation and arrest,” Dick Scheinman, the town doctor, wrote to then-District Attorney Paul Gallegos in December 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A month passed, and he emailed again: “i am not a legal beagle and am not trying to tell you how to do your job, but i feel it is most important for you to try your hardest to find out what happened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Meserve remained in Petrolia. “I am very concerned about the safety of women in the Mattole Valley while he is present there,” Briar-Bonpane wrote to newly elected District Attorney Maggie Fleming in March 2015. “Young boys/men in the valley are watching and learning about whether or not you can sexually assault women without consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word of Terri’s allegations reached the woman who had said Meserve raped her the year before. She felt nauseous, then angry. She blamed herself for not reporting it, “because maybe she could have prevented it from happening to the other girl,” an investigator later wrote. About a month after Terri visited Hass, the second victim decided to report her rape. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">Records show\u003c/a> Hass told her to call the district attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case landed on the desk of Kyla Baxley, the district attorney’s investigator responsible for child abuse and sexual assault cases. She has a reputation for being thorough, going beyond the case information filed by local law enforcement. In 2014, Baxley gathered evidence that allowed the district attorney’s office to prosecute its first human trafficking case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Time and again, Baxley had seen victims in Humboldt County “not met with the respect they deserve,” she told Reveal. In the Petrolia case, she said, both victims felt blown off by the sheriff’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was already a big step for her to take, for her to report it,” she said of Terri. “I was really frustrated, honestly. I felt awful for the poor thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baxley immediately launched her investigation, making plans to meet Terri in person. She brought in community advocates to support Terri as she shared her story yet again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tried to show her there were a lot of people who supported her and wanted to hear her truth,” Baxley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 14, 2015, prosecutors filed charges against Meserve for raping both women. Two weeks later, he surrendered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">A\u003c/span>s the marijuana industry has grown and the trimmigrant population with it, service providers have encountered increasing numbers of human trafficking victims. Humboldt Domestic Violence Services answered more than 2,000 crisis calls last year, an increase of about 80 percent in four years. Executive Director Brenda Bishop attributed the increase to a surge in sexual abuse and trafficking on marijuana grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130103\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Trimmed marijuana buds dry at a farm. Trimmers serve at the mercy of their bosses, who are themselves vulnerable to the risks of operating in the black market. When conflicts arise, trimmigrants may find themselves fired without pay.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/DryingBuds-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trimmed marijuana buds dry at a farm. Trimmers serve at the mercy of their bosses, who are themselves vulnerable to the risks of operating in the black market. When conflicts arise, trimmigrants may find themselves fired without pay. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other organizations have noticed a problem, too, including the Eureka Police Department. In a survey of about 200 local homeless people, Police Chief Andrew Mills said his department discovered many were former trimmigrants who had been forced to work on marijuana farms without pay, including women who reported being required to perform sex acts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite evidence of a growing problem, law enforcement has put few resources into investigations of trafficking and sexual exploitation. Instead, police have conducted stings targeting prostitutes and sometimes their pimps. And the Eureka police chief recently posed as a grower online to attract trimmers, only to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036273-Trimmigrant-EPD-letter.html\">warn them\u003c/a> not to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason is that, in this spread-out rural region, there are not enough detectives to go around. In Humboldt County, the sheriff’s office is so overtaxed that many deputies are responsible for investigating crimes – a job typically left to detectives – in addition to responding to 911 calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a detective bureau to handle the bad of the bad crimes, and they can’t even keep up with that. So our deputies are more like detectives,” Lt. Wayne Hanson said. “It’s triage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Humboldt native with a bushy gray mustache, Hanson has raided marijuana farms for more than two decades. On the walls of his office are framed photographs and news clips, including one from the day after voters legalized medical marijuana in 1996. In the photograph, Hanson – with a dark brown mustache – stands next to towering piles of marijuana plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a warehouse in downtown Eureka, where people were growing marijuana for money. That’s why marijuana is grown – for money, not for medical reasons,” Hanson said. “People are greedy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hanson and other local law enforcement officials see the greed that has amplified California’s marijuana industry as a common denominator in violent and organized crimes. Hanson said many grows also cause environmental damage. As a result, marijuana has remained a high priority for them, even as federal and state authorities have pulled back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130104\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130104\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Richard Mansfield trims cannabis on his daughter’s farm in Redcrest, Calif. Workers rotate the buds with the tips of their fingers as they clip off the stems and curly bits of leaf.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/CannaTrimming-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Richard Mansfield trims cannabis on his daughter’s farm in Redcrest, Calif. Workers rotate the buds with the tips of their fingers as they clip off the stems and curly bits of leaf. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marijuana raids also have become a large source of revenue for local law enforcement agencies. During raids, officers have confiscated not just harvests, but also money, guns and even farming equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humboldt County law enforcement agencies made 100 seizures of property and funds last year, including from farmers who had legal permission to grow. The value of the assets totaled more than $2 million – more per capita than was pulled from the state’s 15 most populous counties combined, \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/publications/asset_forf/2015-af/2015-af.pdf?\">state data shows\u003c/a>. Mendocino County’s marijuana eradication team receives a finder’s fee from a pool of seized funds for every case it initiates, in addition to a nearly 50 percent cut of any \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036024-Mendocino-Asset-Forfeiture-MOU.html\">confiscated funds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result is tantamount to tunnel vision, said Kyla Baxley, the district attorney’s office investigator. “They’re going in to eradicate marijuana, and they would probably tell you nothing else is happening but the drugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That perspective seems to pervade law enforcement agencies across the Emerald Triangle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2014, the year Terri arrived in Petrolia, a young Mexican woman arrived in nearby Mendocino County, ready to start the restaurant job she was promised. Instead, a grower – Baldemar Alvarez – put her to work on several marijuana farms, she said, and forced her to cook, clean his house and have sex with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman said Alvarez, twice her age, called her a prostitute and said she belonged to him until she reimbursed him for hiring a coyote to bring her into the country illegally. He stoked her fear, telling her she’d get lost in the woods and a bear would feast on her body if she fled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the time, I had fear,” said Carmen (not her real name). “Fear, thinking, ‘If the police catch me, they’re going to arrest me. They’re not going to let me explain, they’re not going to believe me.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, Carmen persuaded Alvarez to take her to the doctor for stomach pains, she said. Once there, a nurse-midwife told her she was pregnant, and Carmen shared her story of abuse. When she returned to Alvarez, she left her address behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendocino County sheriff’s deputies \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036030-Redacted-Report.html\">picked up Carmen and the grower\u003c/a> a few days later. Carmen was relieved. But at the station, things changed. A detective asked her whether she had made the claims just to get immigration documents, she said. Victims of sexual assault are eligible for a special kind of visa, known as a U-visa. Trafficking victims are eligible for a T-visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen’s abuse allegations are documented in police \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036027-Incident-Report-2014-00023144-Redacted-2.html\">dispatch records\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036275-20160830103623931.html\">a restraining order\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036276-20160830103613365.html\">other documents\u003c/a>, but the full extent of the investigation is unclear. The detective involved did not respond to interview requests, and the sheriff’s office declined to provide a copy of its investigation, saying it was not yet complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underscoring the he-said, she-said obstacles for law enforcement, Alvarez told Reveal that Carmen fabricated the story to get immigration papers. He told detectives he had planned to marry her. Even though she hasn’t paid him back for her illegal border crossing, he said, he has sent her money on a couple of occasions for the baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This was a big misunderstanding; she’s a backstabber is what I call it,” he said, denying he had abused her or anyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another woman who had a relationship with the grower and gave birth to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036291-20160830111656824.html\">one of his children\u003c/a> said he repeatedly has brought women, including herself, into the United States from Mexico and abused them. Investigators never contacted her, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sun began to rise the morning after deputies took Carmen into custody, she said the detective told her that he had one last request. He put her in a room with Alvarez and had her confront him, to get him to confess. It didn’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately, at this time, we do not have any evidence to detain him,” she recalled the detective saying. “Everything you say, he denies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deputies charged Alvarez with \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036030-Redacted-Report.html\">felony marijuana cultivation\u003c/a> in August 2014, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036026-Docs-Produced-1.html\">his third\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036025-Reveal-Media-14-15437.html\">arrest\u003c/a> for the offense in three years. \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036274-20160830103632255.html\">Jail records\u003c/a> show he bailed out within 20 minutes. The prosecutor never took the case to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Thursday, April 30, 2015\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">T\u003c/span>he case against Kailan Meserve was unprecedented – the first time a marijuana grower in Humboldt County had been charged with raping a trimmigrant. In Petrolia, it had created a rift, causing many to question the trust they had placed in the community. Yet outside Petrolia, it captured little attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from a local blog, no media outlets covered Meserve’s arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remained in jail briefly while the prosecutor’s office argued against allowing him to post his \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036032-Bail-Motion.html\">$2 million bail\u003c/a>. Investigator Kyla Baxley had seen large greenhouses on several of Meserve’s properties and argued that his income had been \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036005-Meserve-Warrant.html\">derived illegally\u003c/a> from the cultivation of marijuana. In the end, Meserve’s family and friends pooled funds, and he was released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130105\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11130105\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/KailanMugshot.jpg\" alt=\"Kailan Meserve of Petrolia, shown in his mugshot. He was sentenced to 23 years in prison.\" width=\"500\" height=\"593\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/KailanMugshot.jpg 500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/KailanMugshot-400x474.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kailan Meserve of Petrolia, shown in his mugshot. He was sentenced to 23 years in prison. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the Humboldt County Sheriff’s Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over the next year, he enrolled in treatment for alcohol abuse, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3036032-Bail-Motion.html\">court records\u003c/a>. Facebook photos show he and his family also enjoyed a Disney vacation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Epperson fell into a deep depression. He couldn’t shake the feeling that he was responsible for Terri climbing into Meserve’s truck that night. With harvest season over, Terri had left Petrolia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, on April 4, 2016, the trial date arrived. Meserve sat next to his lawyer in a courtroom in downtown Eureka, dressed in a button-down shirt and slacks. Terri had returned to take the stand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is this your first time testifying in court? How do you feel about being here?” prosecutor Brie Bennett asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“OK,” Terri replied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She described the night in detail. The feeling of panic, the sexual acts, the violence. She answered questions from the defense attorney about her sex life in Petrolia and a shoplifting conviction from years ago. At one point, her voice began to crack, and she wiped tears from behind her black-framed glasses. Her voice grew faint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge leaned over. “Please speak up,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other victim described waking up the morning after the assault, crying and sore. She told her friend she had to go, according to court records, and began the long drive back to San Francisco, making stops to throw up along the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the stand, Meserve denied having a drug problem and called his encounters with Terri and the other woman consensual. Everyone was drunk, he said. No one ever told him to stop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Did she say she wanted to go to the trailer?” the prosecutor asked about Terri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She never said she didn’t,” Meserve responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From her seat in the courtroom, Meserve’s sister, Amy, remembers watching an image take shape that she did not recognize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s being portrayed like some monster,” she said later. “Obviously, he did not think he was raping anyone. I just don’t think he did. That’s not who he is, that’s not what he’s capable of. I just know if they would have said no or stop or anything, he would have stopped.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Meserve’s family attended the trial, most of the group that had supported Terri remained behind in Petrolia. It was a far distance to travel, but it also was painful to watch. Many believed it had been a mistake to contact law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am friends with his sister and his dad and his mom,” said longtime local grower Greg Smith. “It feels like we’re carrying a big weight on our chest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130106\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130106\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Nearly everyone in the tiny town of Petrolia knows each other. Most are involved in marijuana growing to some degree. It’s where Terri, a 22-year-old environmentalist and musician, arrived in the middle of the 2014 harvest season looking for trimming work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PetroliaSunset-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nearly everyone in the tiny town of Petrolia knows each other. Most are involved in marijuana growing to some degree. It’s where Terri, a 22-year-old environmentalist and musician, arrived in the middle of the 2014 harvest season looking for trimming work. \u003ccite>(Andrew Burton/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The community of Petrolia was changing, but residents weren’t sure it was for the better. California Gov. Jerry Brown had signed a package of laws that would further regulate the medical marijuana industry, beginning with state-issued licenses in 2018. Many Humboldt County growers have refused to participate. They would not sign up for county permits, the first step toward legal compliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To complicate matters, under the new regulations, counties can ban growing altogether, and many have, preserving a highly profitable black market. Competition is increasing, and prices are likely to drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this new future, it seemed, small farmers would struggle financially. Success would mean going big or continuing to sell on the black market. Before his arrest, Meserve had found that success growing marijuana, accruing land, money and power. But some wondered, at what cost?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 19, a jury found Meserve guilty of 15 felony counts, including rape and false imprisonment. His wife began to cry as deputies handcuffed him and took him into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the news reached Petrolia, many in the group that had supported Terri felt deflated instead of relieved. They knew the conviction meant Meserve could end up spending the rest of his life in prison. Smith and Epperson agreed to write letters to the judge urging a lenient sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would rather have rehabilitation than punishment,” Smith said. “Some people think it’s impossible with him, but I don’t know. I just have hope that people can change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 28, the Meserve family and their supporters filed into the courtroom. Meserve’s mother, sister and wife cried as he stood motionless, awaiting the judge’s sentence. Each read from a prepared statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These charges are extreme and overboard,” said his father, David. “These charges are from an enthusiasm for prosecuting people in the marijuana industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kailan wants to start an AA group in Petrolia,” said Monica, his wife. “He wants to give back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Terri was not there. An advocate read a statement from the second victim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every morsel of self-confidence has left me,” she read. “Humboldt is my home, and I cannot bring myself to visit my friends or family there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge sentenced Meserve to 23 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11130107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11130107\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"A handwritten ad solicits work in downtown Garberville. Male trimmers told Reveal they repeatedly were passed up or let go to make room for female workers.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/AdSolicitsWork-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A handwritten ad solicits work in downtown Garberville. Male trimmers told Reveal they repeatedly were passed up or let go to make room for female workers. \u003ccite>(Sarah Rice/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He did not make a statement in court that day. Through his family, he declined to comment for this story. Terri has since moved out of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, as the harvest season swings into full gear, a new crop of trimmigrants is streaming north, thumbs out, pointing toward the thickly forested mountains of the Emerald Triangle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Correction:\u003c/strong> An earlier version of this story incorrectly characterized the pingpong tournament held at Petrolia’s community center. Only Meserve was involved with the setup.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Registration Surges But GOP's Share Shrinks -- 1 in 3 New Voters Is Latino",
"title": "Registration Surges But GOP's Share Shrinks -- 1 in 3 New Voters Is Latino",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Sure, this presidential campaign has been nasty, divisive and frequently in need of parental control settings. But for how hard it’s been to stomach at times, this election season may be producing a civic upside: Californians are registering to vote at rates not seen in 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s voter rolls are surging. Nearly three-quarters of those eligible to vote are now registered, the highest rate at this point in the election cycle since a different Clinton was running for president in 1996 (because of the ebb and flow of voter registration rolls, it’s best to compare registration counts at the same point in election cycles).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the most recent estimates from the Secretary of State’s Office, California now boasts more than 18 million registered voters -- more than the population of 46 states. That number is likely to grow before California’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voter-registration/\">registration date cutoff on Oct. 24\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CALmatters analysis of voter registration data estimates that up to 2.2 million people who are likely new to the California political process have joined the state’s voter rolls since primary season began in earnest in January of this year. These new voters reflect major growth in the number of Latinos and Asian-American voters, who -- along with younger voters registering for the first time -- are steering clear of the GOP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s voter registration surge could have profound implications for election results next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watch the GOP Share of California Voters Shrink\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11129734\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 550px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11129734\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/NewVoterGraphic1GIF.gif\" alt='Source: California Secretary of State, CALmatters analysis of voter registration data provided by the firm Political Data Inc. \"New Voters\" defined as those voters who registered after January 1, 2016 with no voting history between 1992 and 2016. Totals will likely include some re-registrants. ' width=\"550\" height=\"634\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California Secretary of State, CALmatters analysis of voter registration data provided by the firm Political Data Inc. \"New Voters\" defined as those voters who registered after Jan. 1, 2016 with no voting history between 1992 and 2016. Totals will likely include some re-registrants. \u003ccite>(CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Continuing the long-term trend, California’s new voters tend not to register as Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data limitations make it difficult to parse out exactly who is joining California’s electorate for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, courtesy of Sacramento-based data warehousing and consulting firm Political Data Inc., we can separate out voters who have registered since Jan. 1 of this year and have never voted in an election between 1992 and the June primary. This group will contain some long-dormant voters who have re-registered in recent months, but it should serve as a decent proxy for new voters (you could also argue that a long-dormant voter re-registering could be viewed as a sign of renewed political interest, although people re-register for a variety of reasons).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"VdKxZnvwnim91lLeBgwBTxhWEanH3BoK\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proportion of California voters who register Republican has been in relatively steady decline since the 1990s, with a steepening drop over the past four years. New California voters who have registered since January are also resisting the GOP -- only 15 percent of all new voters are Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of factors help explain why: Millennials, who make up the bulk of new voters, aren’t very conservative, and California is already a very blue state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it does appear that this election may be helping Democrats pick up voters in California at a higher clip. About half of new voters who registered after January registered Democrat, while 30 percent registered independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Latinos Lead the Surge in 2016 California Registration\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[LatinosLeadSurge]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s perhaps the most common question in California political circles? Whether GOP presidential nominee Donald Trump’s anti-immigration rhetoric will mobilize California Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer thus far appears to be yes. The number of registered Latino voters has grown by nearly 20 percent from the end of 2015 through this year. About one in three new California voters is Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asian-American registration has also climbed significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Latinos and Asian-Americans Steer Clear of GOP\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[NewVotersTrendAway]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latino and Asian-American voters new to the political process in California are both less likely to register Republican than those already registered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, part of that trend is simply generational, as young Latino and Asian-American voters mirror white millennials in their resistance to the GOP. The pattern of California Asian-Americans trending Democrat possibly in response to Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/02/us/politics/trump-asian-american-voters.html?_r=0\">may also be reflecting\u003c/a> a national trend of increasing concern to Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But interestingly, new Latino voters are registering Democrat at roughly the same rate as current Latino voters. In what could be seen as a missed opportunity for Democrats, a significantly higher percentage are registering independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. For more \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/matt-levin/\">\u003cem>data stories\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> by Matt Levin, go \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/matt-levin/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California’s voter rolls are surging, and like younger voters and Asian-Americans, new Latino voters are resisting the GOP.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sure, this presidential campaign has been nasty, divisive and frequently in need of parental control settings. But for how hard it’s been to stomach at times, this election season may be producing a civic upside: Californians are registering to vote at rates not seen in 20 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s voter rolls are surging. Nearly three-quarters of those eligible to vote are now registered, the highest rate at this point in the election cycle since a different Clinton was running for president in 1996 (because of the ebb and flow of voter registration rolls, it’s best to compare registration counts at the same point in election cycles).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the most recent estimates from the Secretary of State’s Office, California now boasts more than 18 million registered voters -- more than the population of 46 states. That number is likely to grow before California’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voter-registration/\">registration date cutoff on Oct. 24\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CALmatters analysis of voter registration data estimates that up to 2.2 million people who are likely new to the California political process have joined the state’s voter rolls since primary season began in earnest in January of this year. These new voters reflect major growth in the number of Latinos and Asian-American voters, who -- along with younger voters registering for the first time -- are steering clear of the GOP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s voter registration surge could have profound implications for election results next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watch the GOP Share of California Voters Shrink\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11129734\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 550px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11129734\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/NewVoterGraphic1GIF.gif\" alt='Source: California Secretary of State, CALmatters analysis of voter registration data provided by the firm Political Data Inc. \"New Voters\" defined as those voters who registered after January 1, 2016 with no voting history between 1992 and 2016. Totals will likely include some re-registrants. ' width=\"550\" height=\"634\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: California Secretary of State, CALmatters analysis of voter registration data provided by the firm Political Data Inc. \"New Voters\" defined as those voters who registered after Jan. 1, 2016 with no voting history between 1992 and 2016. Totals will likely include some re-registrants. \u003ccite>(CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Continuing the long-term trend, California’s new voters tend not to register as Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data limitations make it difficult to parse out exactly who is joining California’s electorate for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, courtesy of Sacramento-based data warehousing and consulting firm Political Data Inc., we can separate out voters who have registered since Jan. 1 of this year and have never voted in an election between 1992 and the June primary. This group will contain some long-dormant voters who have re-registered in recent months, but it should serve as a decent proxy for new voters (you could also argue that a long-dormant voter re-registering could be viewed as a sign of renewed political interest, although people re-register for a variety of reasons).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proportion of California voters who register Republican has been in relatively steady decline since the 1990s, with a steepening drop over the past four years. New California voters who have registered since January are also resisting the GOP -- only 15 percent of all new voters are Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of factors help explain why: Millennials, who make up the bulk of new voters, aren’t very conservative, and California is already a very blue state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it does appear that this election may be helping Democrats pick up voters in California at a higher clip. About half of new voters who registered after January registered Democrat, while 30 percent registered independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Latinos Lead the Surge in 2016 California Registration\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[LatinosLeadSurge]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s perhaps the most common question in California political circles? Whether GOP presidential nominee Donald Trump’s anti-immigration rhetoric will mobilize California Latinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer thus far appears to be yes. The number of registered Latino voters has grown by nearly 20 percent from the end of 2015 through this year. About one in three new California voters is Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asian-American registration has also climbed significantly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Latinos and Asian-Americans Steer Clear of GOP\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[NewVotersTrendAway]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latino and Asian-American voters new to the political process in California are both less likely to register Republican than those already registered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, part of that trend is simply generational, as young Latino and Asian-American voters mirror white millennials in their resistance to the GOP. The pattern of California Asian-Americans trending Democrat possibly in response to Trump \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/02/us/politics/trump-asian-american-voters.html?_r=0\">may also be reflecting\u003c/a> a national trend of increasing concern to Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But interestingly, new Latino voters are registering Democrat at roughly the same rate as current Latino voters. In what could be seen as a missed opportunity for Democrats, a significantly higher percentage are registering independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. For more \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/matt-levin/\">\u003cem>data stories\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> by Matt Levin, go \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/matt-levin/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "is-the-soda-tax-on-your-ballot-actually-a-grocery-tax",
"title": "Is the Soda Tax on Your Ballot Actually a Grocery Tax?",
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"headTitle": "Is the Soda Tax on Your Ballot Actually a Grocery Tax? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Supporters of taxing soda distributors in San Francisco, Oakland and Albany see these November 2016 ballot measures as a fundraising tool to stem a growing Type 2 diabetes epidemic. But opponents say it’s really a “grocery tax” that will hurt low-income residents and small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So which one is it, a soda tax or a grocery tax?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By charging distributors 1 cent per ounce of sugar-sweetened drinks they bring into a city, all three Bay Area ballot measures aim to raise significant funds — over \u003ca href=\"http://sfgov.org/elections/sites/default/files/Documents/candidates/Controller%20Statement%20Prop%20V%20-%20Tax%20on%20Distributing%20Sugar-sweetened%20Beverages.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$7.5 million\u003c/a> in San Francisco, $6 million in Oakland and $220,000 in Albany per year — for health and education programs to reduce the consumption of sugary drinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287345567″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To really educate young people, catch them early and teach them what comes from consumption of sugary beverages, the damage that causes,” said Annie Campbell Washington, Oakland vice mayor, City Council member and a big supporter of the tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That probably sounds terrifying to the soda industry. So the American Beverage Association, representing giants like Coca-Cola and Pepsi, has spent more than $14 million to fight the proposals, which are pretty similar in all three cities. Their massive ad campaign in the Bay Area often features small-business owners of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a dream to expand my business. This tax could kill it. Join me, vote no on the S.F. Grocery Tax,” says Danielle Reed, a cafe owner, in one of the ads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Campaigns Are Saying\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both campaigns for and against the tax have gone door to door in disadvantaged, diverse areas the soda industry heavily markets to, like San Francisco’s Tenderloin and Oakland’s Fruitvale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the pro-tax team points to evidence linking sugary drinks to obesity, diabetes, tooth decay and other health problems, the No on Grocery Tax promoters make an economic argument. They say that distributors will pass on the cost of a soda tax to small-business owners, who might need to raise the prices of other items they sell in order to stay competitive, hence the “grocery tax” tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abdul Taleb, owner of a small grocery in Fruitvale, heard the latter argument, and now he’s worried he’ll lose customers if Oakland’s Measure HH passes — so he’s voting no. Sugary beverages account for more than 10 percent of his sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s part of our business and we have to stay as competitive as we can in order to keep people in our neighborhood. And we are already struggling to keep people here,” Taleb said, adding that larger supermarkets are able to absorb extra costs more easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taleb supports healthy choices for his customers — his store specializes in fresh fruits and vegetables. But he doesn’t believe Oakland would actually use any additional funds from a soda tax toward public health education that could benefit his neighborhood in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s absolutely not true,” Taleb said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three measures say the tax funds would go to their city’s general fund. \u003ca href=\"http://sfgov.org/elections/file/3941\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition V\u003c/a> in San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"http://www.acgov.org/rov/elections/20161108/documents/MeasureHH.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure HH\u003c/a> in Oakland would also require the creation of advisory boards made up of residents and public health experts that would recommend to the City Council how to spend those funds, while Albany’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.albanyca.org/index.aspx?page=999\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure O1\u003c/a> would also seek public input to spend additional funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Berkeley, the first city in the U.S. to implement a soda tax last year, additional dollars have been allocated toward health programs for children and other residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Berkeley, dozens of similar attempts had failed around the country, such as in Richmond in 2012 and San Francisco in 2014. Berkeley’s law inspired the current round of proposals that voters are deciding on in the Bay Area but also in Boulder, Colorado, on Nov. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11127321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11127321\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Abdul Taleb, the owner of a small grocery store in Oakland's Fruitvale neighborhood, believes Measure HH could end up driving customers away. Taleb has appeared in ads against the tax.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abdul Taleb, the owner of a small grocery store in Oakland’s Fruitvale neighborhood, believes Measure HH could end up driving customers away. Taleb has appeared in ads against the tax. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How \u003cem>Is\u003c/em> the Nation’s First Soda Tax Working?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley raises about $1.5 million per year from its soda tax, which goes into the city’s general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the city has allocated about $2 million to nutrition and gardening programs at public schools, and local organizations bringing fresh fruits and vegetables at a subsidized price into lower-income neighborhoods, said Xavier Morales, who sits on the advisory panel. Morales is the current executive director of the Praxis Project and former executive director of the Latino Coalition for a Healthy California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are raising these funds so we can go into communities that have fewer resources and be able to make the healthy choice the easy choice for them,” said Morales, who lives in southwest Berkeley, an area with a higher concentration of Latino and African-American residents than other parts of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morales helped pass Berkeley’s soda tax in 2014 and battled an aggressive anti-tax campaign then, which also claimed poor residents would bear the brunt of the cost of the tax, while saying the money might not go toward improving health, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to remember, these are multibillion, global corporations trying to protect their profits on the backs of the most vulnerable communities,” Morales said. “They’ll say anything to deflect attention from the real issue, and that is that sugar is not healthy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Not a Grocery Tax’ in Berkeley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Freese, who owns a small corner store in southwest Berkeley, said the soda tax has not hurt her business, and the paperwork to comply has not been too cumbersome. Freese is technically a distributor because she brings ice teas and other sugary drinks to her store from an Oakland warehouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city of Berkeley has a one-page form. We fill it out, write our check and mail it in,” said Freese. “It’s just like another part of bookkeeping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She passes on the cost of the tax directly to the price of the sugary drinks for sale in her store, but not the price of other groceries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s a 12-ounce soda, we pay 12 cents in tax, and we add 12 cents onto the price of the soda for our customers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is also what dozens of other mom-and-pop corner stores, supermarkets and restaurants across Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://news.berkeley.edu/2015/10/07/soda-tax-boosts-sugary-drink-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> doing, so the soda tax has \u003cem>not\u003c/em> worked out to be a grocery tax in that city, said Jennifer Falbe, a researcher at UC Berkeley’s School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11127319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11127319 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Scientific studies link sugary beverage consumption to obesity, diabetes and other ills. The Centers for Disease Control projects up to one in three Americans could develop diabetes by 2050, with an even higher impact in communities of color.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientific studies link over consumption of sugar to obesity, diabetes and other ills. The Centers for Disease Control projects up to one in three Americans could develop diabetes by 2050, with a greater impact in communities of color. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Cornell University and University of Iowa \u003ca href=\"http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2015/08/study-berkeley-soda-tax-falls-flat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> found that only a small portion of the soda tax was reflected in the price of sugary drinks in the first few months after the ordinance took effect. But the preliminary findings of another \u003ca href=\"http://www.phi.org/resources/?resource=berkeley-evaluation-of-soda-tax-best-study-preliminary-findings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> by the Oakland-based Public Health Institute looked at retail scanner data of millions of transactions in Berkeley and found the cost of the tax was predominantly passed on to the price of sodas and other sugar-sweetened beverages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We also did not see a rise in the average grocery bill,” said Lynn Silver, one of the researchers with the Public Health Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Higher sugary drink prices do not seem to be forcing any small businesses to close, said Falbe. But stores on the border with Oakland have mixed feelings about it, in part because customers can buy cheaper sodas just a few blocks away, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the businesses that we interviewed mentioned that it would make things easier for them if it wasn’t just one city, Berkeley, that had a tax like this, but if it was over a larger geographic region like the county or the state. That might simplify things for them,” Falbe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Falbe’s team also polled people in Berkeley’s low-income areas before and after the soda tax was implemented, and concluded that sugary drink consumption declined by 21 percent. Because that survey was conducted only a couple of months after the soda tax went into effect, Falbe suspects the political campaign to approve the tax also influenced people’s behavior by raising awareness of the health impacts of sugary drinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tax proposals on this year’s ballot would not impact milk, 100 percent juice, baby formula, diet drinks or drinks taken for medical reasons.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Berkeley's soda tax, the first in the nation, does not appear to be working like a tax on groceries, say researchers.",
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"title": "Is the Soda Tax on Your Ballot Actually a Grocery Tax? | KQED",
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"headline": "Is the Soda Tax on Your Ballot Actually a Grocery Tax?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Supporters of taxing soda distributors in San Francisco, Oakland and Albany see these November 2016 ballot measures as a fundraising tool to stem a growing Type 2 diabetes epidemic. But opponents say it’s really a “grocery tax” that will hurt low-income residents and small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So which one is it, a soda tax or a grocery tax?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By charging distributors 1 cent per ounce of sugar-sweetened drinks they bring into a city, all three Bay Area ballot measures aim to raise significant funds — over \u003ca href=\"http://sfgov.org/elections/sites/default/files/Documents/candidates/Controller%20Statement%20Prop%20V%20-%20Tax%20on%20Distributing%20Sugar-sweetened%20Beverages.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$7.5 million\u003c/a> in San Francisco, $6 million in Oakland and $220,000 in Albany per year — for health and education programs to reduce the consumption of sugary drinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287345567″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287345567″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To really educate young people, catch them early and teach them what comes from consumption of sugary beverages, the damage that causes,” said Annie Campbell Washington, Oakland vice mayor, City Council member and a big supporter of the tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That probably sounds terrifying to the soda industry. So the American Beverage Association, representing giants like Coca-Cola and Pepsi, has spent more than $14 million to fight the proposals, which are pretty similar in all three cities. Their massive ad campaign in the Bay Area often features small-business owners of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a dream to expand my business. This tax could kill it. Join me, vote no on the S.F. Grocery Tax,” says Danielle Reed, a cafe owner, in one of the ads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Campaigns Are Saying\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both campaigns for and against the tax have gone door to door in disadvantaged, diverse areas the soda industry heavily markets to, like San Francisco’s Tenderloin and Oakland’s Fruitvale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the pro-tax team points to evidence linking sugary drinks to obesity, diabetes, tooth decay and other health problems, the No on Grocery Tax promoters make an economic argument. They say that distributors will pass on the cost of a soda tax to small-business owners, who might need to raise the prices of other items they sell in order to stay competitive, hence the “grocery tax” tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abdul Taleb, owner of a small grocery in Fruitvale, heard the latter argument, and now he’s worried he’ll lose customers if Oakland’s Measure HH passes — so he’s voting no. Sugary beverages account for more than 10 percent of his sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s part of our business and we have to stay as competitive as we can in order to keep people in our neighborhood. And we are already struggling to keep people here,” Taleb said, adding that larger supermarkets are able to absorb extra costs more easily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taleb supports healthy choices for his customers — his store specializes in fresh fruits and vegetables. But he doesn’t believe Oakland would actually use any additional funds from a soda tax toward public health education that could benefit his neighborhood in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s absolutely not true,” Taleb said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All three measures say the tax funds would go to their city’s general fund. \u003ca href=\"http://sfgov.org/elections/file/3941\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition V\u003c/a> in San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"http://www.acgov.org/rov/elections/20161108/documents/MeasureHH.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure HH\u003c/a> in Oakland would also require the creation of advisory boards made up of residents and public health experts that would recommend to the City Council how to spend those funds, while Albany’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.albanyca.org/index.aspx?page=999\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure O1\u003c/a> would also seek public input to spend additional funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Berkeley, the first city in the U.S. to implement a soda tax last year, additional dollars have been allocated toward health programs for children and other residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Berkeley, dozens of similar attempts had failed around the country, such as in Richmond in 2012 and San Francisco in 2014. Berkeley’s law inspired the current round of proposals that voters are deciding on in the Bay Area but also in Boulder, Colorado, on Nov. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11127321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11127321\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Abdul Taleb, the owner of a small grocery store in Oakland's Fruitvale neighborhood, believes Measure HH could end up driving customers away. Taleb has appeared in ads against the tax.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21459_IMG_0133-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abdul Taleb, the owner of a small grocery store in Oakland’s Fruitvale neighborhood, believes Measure HH could end up driving customers away. Taleb has appeared in ads against the tax. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How \u003cem>Is\u003c/em> the Nation’s First Soda Tax Working?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley raises about $1.5 million per year from its soda tax, which goes into the city’s general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the city has allocated about $2 million to nutrition and gardening programs at public schools, and local organizations bringing fresh fruits and vegetables at a subsidized price into lower-income neighborhoods, said Xavier Morales, who sits on the advisory panel. Morales is the current executive director of the Praxis Project and former executive director of the Latino Coalition for a Healthy California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are raising these funds so we can go into communities that have fewer resources and be able to make the healthy choice the easy choice for them,” said Morales, who lives in southwest Berkeley, an area with a higher concentration of Latino and African-American residents than other parts of the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morales helped pass Berkeley’s soda tax in 2014 and battled an aggressive anti-tax campaign then, which also claimed poor residents would bear the brunt of the cost of the tax, while saying the money might not go toward improving health, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to remember, these are multibillion, global corporations trying to protect their profits on the backs of the most vulnerable communities,” Morales said. “They’ll say anything to deflect attention from the real issue, and that is that sugar is not healthy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘Not a Grocery Tax’ in Berkeley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Freese, who owns a small corner store in southwest Berkeley, said the soda tax has not hurt her business, and the paperwork to comply has not been too cumbersome. Freese is technically a distributor because she brings ice teas and other sugary drinks to her store from an Oakland warehouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city of Berkeley has a one-page form. We fill it out, write our check and mail it in,” said Freese. “It’s just like another part of bookkeeping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She passes on the cost of the tax directly to the price of the sugary drinks for sale in her store, but not the price of other groceries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s a 12-ounce soda, we pay 12 cents in tax, and we add 12 cents onto the price of the soda for our customers,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is also what dozens of other mom-and-pop corner stores, supermarkets and restaurants across Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://news.berkeley.edu/2015/10/07/soda-tax-boosts-sugary-drink-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> doing, so the soda tax has \u003cem>not\u003c/em> worked out to be a grocery tax in that city, said Jennifer Falbe, a researcher at UC Berkeley’s School of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11127319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11127319 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Scientific studies link sugary beverage consumption to obesity, diabetes and other ills. The Centers for Disease Control projects up to one in three Americans could develop diabetes by 2050, with an even higher impact in communities of color.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21457_IMG_0137-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientific studies link over consumption of sugar to obesity, diabetes and other ills. The Centers for Disease Control projects up to one in three Americans could develop diabetes by 2050, with a greater impact in communities of color. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Cornell University and University of Iowa \u003ca href=\"http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/2015/08/study-berkeley-soda-tax-falls-flat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">analysis\u003c/a> found that only a small portion of the soda tax was reflected in the price of sugary drinks in the first few months after the ordinance took effect. But the preliminary findings of another \u003ca href=\"http://www.phi.org/resources/?resource=berkeley-evaluation-of-soda-tax-best-study-preliminary-findings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> by the Oakland-based Public Health Institute looked at retail scanner data of millions of transactions in Berkeley and found the cost of the tax was predominantly passed on to the price of sodas and other sugar-sweetened beverages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We also did not see a rise in the average grocery bill,” said Lynn Silver, one of the researchers with the Public Health Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Higher sugary drink prices do not seem to be forcing any small businesses to close, said Falbe. But stores on the border with Oakland have mixed feelings about it, in part because customers can buy cheaper sodas just a few blocks away, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of the businesses that we interviewed mentioned that it would make things easier for them if it wasn’t just one city, Berkeley, that had a tax like this, but if it was over a larger geographic region like the county or the state. That might simplify things for them,” Falbe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Falbe’s team also polled people in Berkeley’s low-income areas before and after the soda tax was implemented, and concluded that sugary drink consumption declined by 21 percent. Because that survey was conducted only a couple of months after the soda tax went into effect, Falbe suspects the political campaign to approve the tax also influenced people’s behavior by raising awareness of the health impacts of sugary drinks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tax proposals on this year’s ballot would not impact milk, 100 percent juice, baby formula, diet drinks or drinks taken for medical reasons.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Asian-Americans Continue to Drift Away From the GOP, But It's a Complicated Story",
"title": "Asian-Americans Continue to Drift Away From the GOP, But It's a Complicated Story",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush once described Asian-Americans as the \"canary in the coal mine\" of the Republican Party, saying that if Republicans didn't make more of an effort to court the fastest-growing racial group in the United States, the party would pay a price at the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a \u003ca href=\"http://naasurvey.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/NAAS2016-Oct5-report.pdf\">new report\u003c/a> from the National Asian American Survey finds not only that Asian-Americans continue a steady drift away from the GOP, but that the party may be losing one of its most reliable ethnic groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among registered Asian-American voters, the survey found Democrat Hillary Clinton had a 4-1 lead over Republican Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alton Wang, a communications associate with the nonpartisan group \u003ca href=\"http://www.apiavote.org/\">APIAVote\u003c/a>, said many Asian-Americans are \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2015/09/16/439574726/how-asian-american-voters-went-from-republican-to-democratic\">increasingly turned off\u003c/a> by anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim rhetoric. More than one in five respondents were undecided. This is especially key because swing states, including Nevada, Virginia and North Carolina, have sizable Asian-American populations with undecided voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group stood out. Vietnamese-Americans were once considered a reliable Republican voting bloc. But since 2008, more voters identified as something other than Republican. Here's what the survey found:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"In the past, Vietnamese Americans were the only Asian American group more likely to identify as Republican than Democrat. In 2008, 42% of Vietnamese American registered voters identified as Republican, compared to 23% in 2016. Among this group, non-partisan identifiers are growing. In 2008, 40% of Vietnamese registered voters identified as independent or claimed they did 'not think in terms of political parties,' but this number rose to 47% in 2016.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese-Americans, many of whom \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/vietnamese-immigrants-united-states\">came to the U.S.\u003c/a> as refugees after the Vietnam War, stood out in one other way: They were among the least likely to say they support accepting Syrian refugees into the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has made opposition to Syrian resettlement in the U.S. a key part of his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's so ironic and contradictory to their history as refugees,\" said Linda Vo, a professor at the University of California, Irvine, who has been trying to make sense of this inconsistency. \"I've asked these individuals, 'Why would you be supportive of a candidate [Trump] who is anti-refugee, anti-immigrant, when you yourself came as one?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11128468\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 690px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11128468\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/screen-shot-2016-10-12-at-11.28.18-am_custom-11ebd33722b9288b4d427577e8cdcaeec373f0f8.png\" alt=\"Source: 2016 National Asian American Survey of 1,694 Asian-American and 261 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander registered voters conducted by telephone between Aug. 10 and Sept. 29, 2016. The overall margin of error is +/- 3.5 percent.\" width=\"690\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/screen-shot-2016-10-12-at-11.28.18-am_custom-11ebd33722b9288b4d427577e8cdcaeec373f0f8.png 690w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/screen-shot-2016-10-12-at-11.28.18-am_custom-11ebd33722b9288b4d427577e8cdcaeec373f0f8-400x237.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: 2016 National Asian American Survey of 1,694 Asian-American and 261 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander registered voters conducted by telephone between Aug. 10 and Sept. 29, 2016. The overall margin of error is +/- 3.5 percent. \u003ccite>(Alyson Hurt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Janelle Wong, one of the NAAS researchers, who also heads the Asian-American Studies department at the University of Maryland, broke the data down even further. She said Vietnamese-American respondents who are younger, U.S.-born and with a college degree were more likely to say they'd welcome Syrian refugees. Of all the groups surveyed, Vietnamese-Americans were the most divided: 34 percent said they opposed accepting refugees; 27 percent refused to answer the question or said they didn't know; and 38 percent said they favored accepting refugees. This is in stark contrast to Hmong-American respondents, 74 percent of whom supported accepting refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vo said many of the Vietnamese-Americans she spoke with who aren't welcoming of refugees tend to agree with the view that Syrian refugees are dangerous, and they think of themselves as different. That is, they consider themselves to be \"good\" refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Postwar refugees from Vietnam, she said, considered the Republican Party to be more anti-Communist and — for the largely Catholic immigrants — more socially conservative, with values that aligned with their own. Second-generation Vietnamese-Americans, Vo said, tend to vote for Democratic candidates — as they voted for Barack Obama in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're shifting away from the Republican Party, but not yet ready to commit to Democrats,\" Wong said. Many Vietnamese-Americans tend to be \"big government people\" — supporting social services, including Obamacare — but aren't necessarily comfortable with the label of \"Democrat,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I talked with Steven Mai, a 42-year-old Vietnamese-American engineer and community activist who lives in Garden Grove, California. Mai immigrated to the U.S. in 1985. He's a Republican but says he doesn't always vote for GOP candidates. He said he had supported Trump until the Republican candidate \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/31/us/politics/donald-trump-khizr-khan-wife-ghazala.html\">criticized the family\u003c/a> of Humayun Khan, an American Muslim Army captain who died in Iraq.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Trump, when he was attacking that family ... I said, 'That's it, that's my final call,' \" said Mai, who serves in the California State Military Reserve. \"And now I confirmed my belief that yes ... he's just proven over time that he was never a leader.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mai's parents feel differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My parents are going to vote for Donald Trump,\" he said. \"Even though I told them their votes can be very dangerous, they said, 'Well, I'm not particularly liking Trump, I just don't like Hillary.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I did mention that, 'Hey, after all, this person [Trump] is not supporting us — particularly minorities, or refugees. But my mom, she said, 'Well, the better of the two is still going to be Trump,' because [my parents are] Republican, and they vote by party line.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush once described Asian-Americans as the \"canary in the coal mine\" of the Republican Party, saying that if Republicans didn't make more of an effort to court the fastest-growing racial group in the United States, the party would pay a price at the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a \u003ca href=\"http://naasurvey.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/NAAS2016-Oct5-report.pdf\">new report\u003c/a> from the National Asian American Survey finds not only that Asian-Americans continue a steady drift away from the GOP, but that the party may be losing one of its most reliable ethnic groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among registered Asian-American voters, the survey found Democrat Hillary Clinton had a 4-1 lead over Republican Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alton Wang, a communications associate with the nonpartisan group \u003ca href=\"http://www.apiavote.org/\">APIAVote\u003c/a>, said many Asian-Americans are \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/itsallpolitics/2015/09/16/439574726/how-asian-american-voters-went-from-republican-to-democratic\">increasingly turned off\u003c/a> by anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim rhetoric. More than one in five respondents were undecided. This is especially key because swing states, including Nevada, Virginia and North Carolina, have sizable Asian-American populations with undecided voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One group stood out. Vietnamese-Americans were once considered a reliable Republican voting bloc. But since 2008, more voters identified as something other than Republican. Here's what the survey found:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"In the past, Vietnamese Americans were the only Asian American group more likely to identify as Republican than Democrat. In 2008, 42% of Vietnamese American registered voters identified as Republican, compared to 23% in 2016. Among this group, non-partisan identifiers are growing. In 2008, 40% of Vietnamese registered voters identified as independent or claimed they did 'not think in terms of political parties,' but this number rose to 47% in 2016.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese-Americans, many of whom \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/vietnamese-immigrants-united-states\">came to the U.S.\u003c/a> as refugees after the Vietnam War, stood out in one other way: They were among the least likely to say they support accepting Syrian refugees into the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has made opposition to Syrian resettlement in the U.S. a key part of his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's so ironic and contradictory to their history as refugees,\" said Linda Vo, a professor at the University of California, Irvine, who has been trying to make sense of this inconsistency. \"I've asked these individuals, 'Why would you be supportive of a candidate [Trump] who is anti-refugee, anti-immigrant, when you yourself came as one?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11128468\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 690px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11128468\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/screen-shot-2016-10-12-at-11.28.18-am_custom-11ebd33722b9288b4d427577e8cdcaeec373f0f8.png\" alt=\"Source: 2016 National Asian American Survey of 1,694 Asian-American and 261 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander registered voters conducted by telephone between Aug. 10 and Sept. 29, 2016. The overall margin of error is +/- 3.5 percent.\" width=\"690\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/screen-shot-2016-10-12-at-11.28.18-am_custom-11ebd33722b9288b4d427577e8cdcaeec373f0f8.png 690w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/screen-shot-2016-10-12-at-11.28.18-am_custom-11ebd33722b9288b4d427577e8cdcaeec373f0f8-400x237.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 690px) 100vw, 690px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: 2016 National Asian American Survey of 1,694 Asian-American and 261 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander registered voters conducted by telephone between Aug. 10 and Sept. 29, 2016. The overall margin of error is +/- 3.5 percent. \u003ccite>(Alyson Hurt/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Janelle Wong, one of the NAAS researchers, who also heads the Asian-American Studies department at the University of Maryland, broke the data down even further. She said Vietnamese-American respondents who are younger, U.S.-born and with a college degree were more likely to say they'd welcome Syrian refugees. Of all the groups surveyed, Vietnamese-Americans were the most divided: 34 percent said they opposed accepting refugees; 27 percent refused to answer the question or said they didn't know; and 38 percent said they favored accepting refugees. This is in stark contrast to Hmong-American respondents, 74 percent of whom supported accepting refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vo said many of the Vietnamese-Americans she spoke with who aren't welcoming of refugees tend to agree with the view that Syrian refugees are dangerous, and they think of themselves as different. That is, they consider themselves to be \"good\" refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Postwar refugees from Vietnam, she said, considered the Republican Party to be more anti-Communist and — for the largely Catholic immigrants — more socially conservative, with values that aligned with their own. Second-generation Vietnamese-Americans, Vo said, tend to vote for Democratic candidates — as they voted for Barack Obama in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're shifting away from the Republican Party, but not yet ready to commit to Democrats,\" Wong said. Many Vietnamese-Americans tend to be \"big government people\" — supporting social services, including Obamacare — but aren't necessarily comfortable with the label of \"Democrat,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I talked with Steven Mai, a 42-year-old Vietnamese-American engineer and community activist who lives in Garden Grove, California. Mai immigrated to the U.S. in 1985. He's a Republican but says he doesn't always vote for GOP candidates. He said he had supported Trump until the Republican candidate \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/31/us/politics/donald-trump-khizr-khan-wife-ghazala.html\">criticized the family\u003c/a> of Humayun Khan, an American Muslim Army captain who died in Iraq.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Trump, when he was attacking that family ... I said, 'That's it, that's my final call,' \" said Mai, who serves in the California State Military Reserve. \"And now I confirmed my belief that yes ... he's just proven over time that he was never a leader.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mai's parents feel differently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My parents are going to vote for Donald Trump,\" he said. \"Even though I told them their votes can be very dangerous, they said, 'Well, I'm not particularly liking Trump, I just don't like Hillary.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I did mention that, 'Hey, after all, this person [Trump] is not supporting us — particularly minorities, or refugees. But my mom, she said, 'Well, the better of the two is still going to be Trump,' because [my parents are] Republican, and they vote by party line.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Reforming Pension Reform: San Jose Votes on Compromise Deal With City Unions",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Nov. 8, the divisive issue of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseinside.com/tag/pensionreform/\">pension reform\u003c/a> will be once again before San Jose voters. They’ll be deciding on a ballot measure designed to end a bitter legal battle over a previous pension reform measure. If passed, Measure F would roll back cuts to employee pensions that were approved by city voters four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 70 percent of San Jose voters approved the controversial Measure B in 2012 to rein in retirement and disability benefits that city leaders said were forcing cuts to critical services. But police, firefighters and other city employee unions \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/index.aspx?NID=3182\">sued to block the measure\u003c/a>. Now, both sides are asking voters to support a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/45738\">compromise settlement\u003c/a> reached last year between the city and its unions. Mayor Sam Liccardo, who supported the original pension reform package, helped broker\u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/index.aspx?NID=4657\"> the deal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287177699\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The lesson learned here is that we can achieve the savings we need in reforming our pension system and retiree benefits,\" Liccardo says. \"And we can achieve them through agreement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo says Measure F would restore disability and pension benefits while still saving $42 million a year -- primarily through closing the retiree health care program to new employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no organized campaign to oppose Measure F. But \u003ca href=\"http://protectpensionreform.com/\">critics\u003c/a>, including the \u003ca href=\"http://www.svtaxpayers.org/\">Silicon Valley Taxpayers Association\u003c/a>, say the union-backed compromise reneges on the city’s commitment to curb retirement costs under the 4-year-old Measure B. Former City Councilman Pete Constant is the association’s vice president. He says the measure would restore pension benefits to unsustainable levels and once again saddle San Jose taxpayers with millions of dollars in unfunded liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really about: Can we afford to continue making promises that we don’t know that we can keep?\" says Constant. \"And are we going to become more realistic in our projection of costs and realistic in providing benefits to employees?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conflict over pension reform in San Jose has taken its toll on city personnel, especially in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QE2AzaTWQNM&feature=youtu.be\">Police Department \u003c/a>which has lost more than 600 officers -- many leaving for other agencies with better benefits. \u003ca href=\"http://protectsanjose.com/content/vote-yes-measure-f\">Union president Paul Kelly\u003c/a> says that exodus has officers stretched dangerously thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now, that’s where we’re at,\" Kelly says. \"We’re at a state of emergency. If Measure F doesn’t pass, it’s much worse than that. Much.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure F is supported by some major backers of Measure B, including the Chamber of Commerce and Measure B’s chief architect -- former Mayor Chuck Reed. He says it’s not a repudiation of his flagship legislation but rather an affirmation. He says it locks in savings from the previous Measure B and shields them from the threat of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Nov. 8, the divisive issue of \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseinside.com/tag/pensionreform/\">pension reform\u003c/a> will be once again before San Jose voters. They’ll be deciding on a ballot measure designed to end a bitter legal battle over a previous pension reform measure. If passed, Measure F would roll back cuts to employee pensions that were approved by city voters four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 70 percent of San Jose voters approved the controversial Measure B in 2012 to rein in retirement and disability benefits that city leaders said were forcing cuts to critical services. But police, firefighters and other city employee unions \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/index.aspx?NID=3182\">sued to block the measure\u003c/a>. Now, both sides are asking voters to support a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/DocumentCenter/View/45738\">compromise settlement\u003c/a> reached last year between the city and its unions. Mayor Sam Liccardo, who supported the original pension reform package, helped broker\u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjoseca.gov/index.aspx?NID=4657\"> the deal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287177699&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287177699'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The lesson learned here is that we can achieve the savings we need in reforming our pension system and retiree benefits,\" Liccardo says. \"And we can achieve them through agreement.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo says Measure F would restore disability and pension benefits while still saving $42 million a year -- primarily through closing the retiree health care program to new employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no organized campaign to oppose Measure F. But \u003ca href=\"http://protectpensionreform.com/\">critics\u003c/a>, including the \u003ca href=\"http://www.svtaxpayers.org/\">Silicon Valley Taxpayers Association\u003c/a>, say the union-backed compromise reneges on the city’s commitment to curb retirement costs under the 4-year-old Measure B. Former City Councilman Pete Constant is the association’s vice president. He says the measure would restore pension benefits to unsustainable levels and once again saddle San Jose taxpayers with millions of dollars in unfunded liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really about: Can we afford to continue making promises that we don’t know that we can keep?\" says Constant. \"And are we going to become more realistic in our projection of costs and realistic in providing benefits to employees?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conflict over pension reform in San Jose has taken its toll on city personnel, especially in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QE2AzaTWQNM&feature=youtu.be\">Police Department \u003c/a>which has lost more than 600 officers -- many leaving for other agencies with better benefits. \u003ca href=\"http://protectsanjose.com/content/vote-yes-measure-f\">Union president Paul Kelly\u003c/a> says that exodus has officers stretched dangerously thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Right now, that’s where we’re at,\" Kelly says. \"We’re at a state of emergency. If Measure F doesn’t pass, it’s much worse than that. Much.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure F is supported by some major backers of Measure B, including the Chamber of Commerce and Measure B’s chief architect -- former Mayor Chuck Reed. He says it’s not a repudiation of his flagship legislation but rather an affirmation. He says it locks in savings from the previous Measure B and shields them from the threat of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "San Jose's Vietnamese-American Voters Poised for New Clout",
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"content": "\u003cp>Anthony Tran cares a lot about having a voice — in his community and at the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just about every week, the 23-year-old Democrat sings in the Vietnamese-American choir at Our Lady of La Vang Parish in downtown San Jose. And recently he also found his voice in the 2016 elections after being inspired by former Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first year I became more political and talked to my parents about it,” said the San Jose State University economics major. “My parents never talked about anything politics before this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287178538″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran’s parents are part of a large community of refugees who came to San Jose after escaping Saigon when it fell to the communists in 1975. For decades, many in the community said they didn’t get involved in politics. They were just focused on learning English and rebuilding their lives here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today Vietnamese-Americans’ political influence is reaching a new level, especially on the San Jose City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two Vietnamese-American council members now, and after November’s election there could be \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/10/02/san-jose-district-8-voters-have-a-tough-decision-in-november/\">three out of 11\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly a sign of the growing influence and power of a very important community that for many years, frankly, didn’t have power,” said Mayor Sam Liccardo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Jose’s District 8, attorney Jimmy Nguyen is running against Sylvia Arenas. Tam Nguyen represents District 7 and Manh Nguyen represents District 4. In June,\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/09/07/outgoing-san-jose-councilman-ramps-up-pr-efforts/\"> Manh Nguyen was defeated\u003c/a> by Lan Diep, who won the seat by a dozen votes. Diep will take office in January 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese-Americans now make up about 10 percent of the city’s population. They are an even larger share of the city’s electorate, said Hien Do, a professor of sociology and interdisciplinary social sciences specializing in Asian-American studies at San Jose State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think one of the reasons they probably \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/llpdz5smfklkxpn/NAAS2016-Oct5report-oct3%20jw.docx?dl=0\">vote more than other\u003c/a> communities is because they feel they have more at stake, but also they see their politicians representing them,” said Do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That political evolution started around 2005, when Madison Nguyen was elected as the first Vietnamese-American member on the San Jose City Council. She subsequently became vice mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they can elect the candidate that they support, then they feel very empowered,” said Nguyen. “And that sense of empowerment is significant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loc Vu, an 84-year-old former South Vietnamese Army colonel, said the reason older Vietnamese-American voters turn out in large numbers is because of their experience of war and political persecution in Vietnam. As with many in his generation, Vu often votes Republican, even though he’s now registered as an independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most refugees believe Republicans are more anti-communist than the other party,” said Vu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madison Nguyen, who left Vietnam and came to the United States when she was 4 years old, said the anti-communist Republican mindset is hardwired into a large majority of older Vietnamese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can almost guarantee you that every Vietnamese-American who left Vietnam resents the communist government because that’s the reason we left in the first place,” said Nguyen, a Democrat. “It’s because we don’t want to live in a country where we could be persecuted for our political or religious beliefs. We came to this country for a better shot at success and a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today a new generation of Vietnamese-Americans in Santa Clara County are openly becoming Democrats. \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2008/10/25/young-vietnamese-americans-turn-away-from-gop/\">In 2008, a Mercury News \u003c/a>computer analysis of nearly 30,000 new voters showed that Vietnamese Americans age 30 and under were registering Democratic over Republican by nearly 4-1. The analysis was done by putting Vietnamese surnames into a database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a coffee shop in San Jose’s Little Saigon neighborhood, Nicole Le, who came to the United States from Vietnam when she was 10, said her parents are staunch Republicans but all five of their children are registered Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The younger generation wants to break away from the mold, that teaching, that philosophy,” said Le, 44, a professional at a tech company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madison Nguyen, now running for the state’s 27th Assembly District against current councilman Ash Kalra, said younger voters are less concerned about communism and more concerned about the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are other issues, such as education, job creation and the housing crisis,” said Nguyen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11122788\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11122788\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Former San Jose Vice Mayor Madison Nguyen is campaigning for state Assembly at New India Chat Cafe.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former San Jose Vice Mayor Madison Nguyen is campaigning for state Assembly at New India Chaat Cafe. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That said, Nguyen’s political path is a cautionary tale about the continuing electoral power of older Vietnamese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen was almost recalled from the San Jose City Council in 2009 when she proposed naming a San Jose shopping and restaurant area “Saigon Business District” instead of “Little Saigon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do said it was a miscalculation because the name “Little Saigon” represented the Vietnamese who had been displaced and it honored all their sacrifices and hard work building a new life in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wasn’t just a place to do business, it was the place, our home, our language, our culture. All those things that represent who we are and who we were as refugees,” said Do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen said that in 2009 she was a young, green politician when she made the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think I would classify it as losing touch with my community. I was just politically inexperienced,” said Nguyen, who prevailed in the recall election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today millennial voters like Tran said that unlike many of the community’s elders, they won’t vote for a local candidate just because that person is Vietnamese-American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s nice for a new ethnic group to enter office, but to me it doesn’t matter as long as the best-qualified people represent the people’s interest,” said Tran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that Tran has been bitten by the political bug, he said, casting a ballot and having a voice in the election is what matters most to him.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Anthony Tran cares a lot about having a voice — in his community and at the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just about every week, the 23-year-old Democrat sings in the Vietnamese-American choir at Our Lady of La Vang Parish in downtown San Jose. And recently he also found his voice in the 2016 elections after being inspired by former Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the first year I became more political and talked to my parents about it,” said the San Jose State University economics major. “My parents never talked about anything politics before this year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287178538″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287178538″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tran’s parents are part of a large community of refugees who came to San Jose after escaping Saigon when it fell to the communists in 1975. For decades, many in the community said they didn’t get involved in politics. They were just focused on learning English and rebuilding their lives here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today Vietnamese-Americans’ political influence is reaching a new level, especially on the San Jose City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two Vietnamese-American council members now, and after November’s election there could be \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/10/02/san-jose-district-8-voters-have-a-tough-decision-in-november/\">three out of 11\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly a sign of the growing influence and power of a very important community that for many years, frankly, didn’t have power,” said Mayor Sam Liccardo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Jose’s District 8, attorney Jimmy Nguyen is running against Sylvia Arenas. Tam Nguyen represents District 7 and Manh Nguyen represents District 4. In June,\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2016/09/07/outgoing-san-jose-councilman-ramps-up-pr-efforts/\"> Manh Nguyen was defeated\u003c/a> by Lan Diep, who won the seat by a dozen votes. Diep will take office in January 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vietnamese-Americans now make up about 10 percent of the city’s population. They are an even larger share of the city’s electorate, said Hien Do, a professor of sociology and interdisciplinary social sciences specializing in Asian-American studies at San Jose State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think one of the reasons they probably \u003ca href=\"https://www.dropbox.com/s/llpdz5smfklkxpn/NAAS2016-Oct5report-oct3%20jw.docx?dl=0\">vote more than other\u003c/a> communities is because they feel they have more at stake, but also they see their politicians representing them,” said Do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That political evolution started around 2005, when Madison Nguyen was elected as the first Vietnamese-American member on the San Jose City Council. She subsequently became vice mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they can elect the candidate that they support, then they feel very empowered,” said Nguyen. “And that sense of empowerment is significant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loc Vu, an 84-year-old former South Vietnamese Army colonel, said the reason older Vietnamese-American voters turn out in large numbers is because of their experience of war and political persecution in Vietnam. As with many in his generation, Vu often votes Republican, even though he’s now registered as an independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most refugees believe Republicans are more anti-communist than the other party,” said Vu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madison Nguyen, who left Vietnam and came to the United States when she was 4 years old, said the anti-communist Republican mindset is hardwired into a large majority of older Vietnamese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can almost guarantee you that every Vietnamese-American who left Vietnam resents the communist government because that’s the reason we left in the first place,” said Nguyen, a Democrat. “It’s because we don’t want to live in a country where we could be persecuted for our political or religious beliefs. We came to this country for a better shot at success and a future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But today a new generation of Vietnamese-Americans in Santa Clara County are openly becoming Democrats. \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2008/10/25/young-vietnamese-americans-turn-away-from-gop/\">In 2008, a Mercury News \u003c/a>computer analysis of nearly 30,000 new voters showed that Vietnamese Americans age 30 and under were registering Democratic over Republican by nearly 4-1. The analysis was done by putting Vietnamese surnames into a database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a coffee shop in San Jose’s Little Saigon neighborhood, Nicole Le, who came to the United States from Vietnam when she was 10, said her parents are staunch Republicans but all five of their children are registered Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The younger generation wants to break away from the mold, that teaching, that philosophy,” said Le, 44, a professional at a tech company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Madison Nguyen, now running for the state’s 27th Assembly District against current councilman Ash Kalra, said younger voters are less concerned about communism and more concerned about the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are other issues, such as education, job creation and the housing crisis,” said Nguyen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11122788\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-11122788\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Former San Jose Vice Mayor Madison Nguyen is campaigning for state Assembly at New India Chat Cafe.\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21389_IMG_1389-qut2-1-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former San Jose Vice Mayor Madison Nguyen is campaigning for state Assembly at New India Chaat Cafe. \u003ccite>(Beth Willon/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That said, Nguyen’s political path is a cautionary tale about the continuing electoral power of older Vietnamese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen was almost recalled from the San Jose City Council in 2009 when she proposed naming a San Jose shopping and restaurant area “Saigon Business District” instead of “Little Saigon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Do said it was a miscalculation because the name “Little Saigon” represented the Vietnamese who had been displaced and it honored all their sacrifices and hard work building a new life in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It wasn’t just a place to do business, it was the place, our home, our language, our culture. All those things that represent who we are and who we were as refugees,” said Do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen said that in 2009 she was a young, green politician when she made the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think I would classify it as losing touch with my community. I was just politically inexperienced,” said Nguyen, who prevailed in the recall election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today millennial voters like Tran said that unlike many of the community’s elders, they won’t vote for a local candidate just because that person is Vietnamese-American.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s nice for a new ethnic group to enter office, but to me it doesn’t matter as long as the best-qualified people represent the people’s interest,” said Tran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that Tran has been bitten by the political bug, he said, casting a ballot and having a voice in the election is what matters most to him.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Why San Francisco Rarely Sends Youth Directly to Adult Court",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/10/explainer-why-and-how-kids-end-up-in-adult-court/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Direct file\u003c/a> is a practice by which a district attorney — not a judge — can decide if a minor as young as 14 will go to adult court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice is used differently across California’s 58 counties. But whether direct file will continue to be used in the state is up for a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s on the ballot this November under \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/measure/2020/info/proposition-57\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 57\u003c/a>, a broader criminal justice reform initiative backed by Gov. Jerry Brown. If it passes, young people would be required to have a hearing in front of a judge to determine whether their trial would go to adult court or stay in the juvenile system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Youth advocates believe ending direct file would reduce the number of youth cases that end up in adult court, making the whole state more like counties such as San Francisco, a place that rarely uses direct file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287149849″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have 58 counties, 58 different systems, you have 58 different approaches,” says Dan Macallair, executive director of the Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His organization recently released a report called “\u003ca href=\"http://www.cjcj.org/uploads/cjcj/documents/do_politics_influence_the_prosecution_of_youth_as_adults.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Justice by Geography.\u003c/a>” According to the report, kids arrested for a felony are 2.4 times more likely to be direct-filed in counties with a Republican as the chief district attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“District attorneys are elected,” Macallair says. “A lot of people get elected based upon how tough they are on crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other experts, like UC Berkeley criminologist Barry Krisberg, say direct file is increasingly used in rural and Central California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apart from politics, others say the uneven use of direct file depends on demographics. “By and large it’s African-American and Hispanic,” says Arthur Bowie, supervisor of the Juvenile Division in the Sacramento County Public Defender’s Office. Of the district attorneys, he says, “It’s not so much that they purposefully look at this and say, ‘Oh I got this black kid I have to direct-file on.’ I think there’s just this indifference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”tSseH4028e87svIvjGfOxrtQoAgtyj3F”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento County’s rate of direct file is\u003ca href=\"http://casi.cjcj.org/Juvenile/2014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> roughly double that of California’s as a whole\u003c/a>. The team of Sacramento prosecutors who make decisions about direct file say they don’t believe race is what’s at play. And just like the district attorney, a judge — who would be making the decisions about sending a juvenile’s case to adult court if Proposition 57 passes — is also elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Grippi, Sacramento’s chief deputy district attorney, says one reason for Sacramento’s high rate of direct file is resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have as many options as the other counties,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes counties like San Francisco. The direct-file rate in San Francisco is consistently at the bottom of these charts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This can be in part attributed to a focus on preventative education programs like the one that happened on a recent Tuesday night at the \u003ca href=\"http://3rdstyouth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic\u003c/a> in San Francisco’s Bayview neighborhood, a historically black community in southeast San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This workshop has 10 students who sit around white circular tables in a room with brightly colored walls. They range in age from 12 to 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facilitator Lisa Thurau divides the students into two teams and prompts them to choose their representative avatars. Minutes later team Marilyn Monroe faces off against team Abraham Lincoln in a game of “Juvenile Justice Jeopardy,” the San Francisco version. Thurau developed this game through her nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://strategiesforyouth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strategies for Youth\u003c/a>, and has traveled from her home of Cambridge, Massachusetts, to bring the game to San Francisco and train future facilitators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11125399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11125399 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-800x504.jpg\" alt=\"A screenshot of "Juvenile Justice Jeopardy," a game youth at the 3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic in San Francisco's Bayview neighborhood are playing while learning about the justice system.\" width=\"800\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-800x504.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-400x252.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-1180x743.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-960x605.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screen shot of ‘Juvenile Justice Jeopardy,’ a game that youth at the 3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic in San Francisco’s Bayview neighborhood are playing while learning about the justice system. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thurau reads a recently selected question out loud: “At what age can you legally buy cigarettes and smoke? Not that you should.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students call out answers, getting points for the right ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This workshop is happening in large part due to yet another organization — this one’s called BMAGIC. It was created in 2004 by the San Francisco Public Defender’s Office in collaboration with community-based organizations. It represents one of the city’s efforts to address justice and crime at a local neighborhood level before young offenders end up in the juvenile justice system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties write off San Francisco as too different. It’s a place with tech money, and unlike most counties, which include many cities, San Francisco has just one. That means it has one school district and one police department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But prosecutor Jean Roland says the real magic starts with the mentality of the district attorney’s office. They report using direct file three times a year on the high end, and some years they haven’t used it at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all share a common thought process of trying to cut off that prison pipeline,” Roland says. “If we don’t do it when they’re younger, when they have a chance, it becomes harder and harder to do that as they reach adulthood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roland points to\u003ca href=\"http://hrweb.mit.edu/worklife/youngadult/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> studies\u003c/a> that say a young person’s brain is still developing until their mid-20s. That research is not something all counties value, but in San Francisco the staff repeat it again and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patricia Lee, managing attorney of the San Francisco Public Defender’s Juvenile Division, started working at her office over 30 years ago, a time when she says San Francisco didn’t have many good options to rehabilitate youth. She says she gets how people from other counties may feel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11127016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"Patricia Lee, managing attorney of the San Francisco Public Defender’s Juvenile Division, holds artwork that she feels demonstrates the challenges many of her clients face. \" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11127016\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-800x543.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-400x271.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-1180x801.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-960x652.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patricia Lee, managing attorney of the San Francisco Public Defender’s Juvenile Division, holds artwork that she feels demonstrates the challenges many of her clients face.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Twenty-five years ago we were in that position, too,” Lee says. But she and her colleagues have gotten creative, she says, and other counties, no matter how different, can do the same. She recommends applying for federal grants, collaborating with other departments across the cities, and even partnering with nearby counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee says these approaches contribute to the declining number of youth involved in San Francisco’s juvenile justice system — 1,500 kids in 2005 and around 600 today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Youth advocates say that if Proposition 57 passes, it will be symbolic of a shift in attitudes toward kids in the justice system. And, they believe, it will lead to fewer young people in adult court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the 3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic, Thurau raises another question: “How old do you have to be to be sent to adult court?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody gets that one right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional support for this reporting comes from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.berkeley.edu/research/human-rights-center/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Human Rights Center\u003c/a> at the UC Berkeley School of Law and the\u003ca href=\"http://investigativereportingprogram.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Investigative Reporting Program\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In California, district attorneys can send youth straight to adult court with a practice called direct file. Proposition 57 would end it, making San Francisco, which uses it rarely, a potential model.",
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"title": "Why San Francisco Rarely Sends Youth Directly to Adult Court | KQED",
"description": "In California, district attorneys can send youth straight to adult court with a practice called direct file. Proposition 57 would end it, making San Francisco, which uses it rarely, a potential model.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/10/explainer-why-and-how-kids-end-up-in-adult-court/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Direct file\u003c/a> is a practice by which a district attorney — not a judge — can decide if a minor as young as 14 will go to adult court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The practice is used differently across California’s 58 counties. But whether direct file will continue to be used in the state is up for a vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s on the ballot this November under \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/measure/2020/info/proposition-57\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 57\u003c/a>, a broader criminal justice reform initiative backed by Gov. Jerry Brown. If it passes, young people would be required to have a hearing in front of a judge to determine whether their trial would go to adult court or stay in the juvenile system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Youth advocates believe ending direct file would reduce the number of youth cases that end up in adult court, making the whole state more like counties such as San Francisco, a place that rarely uses direct file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287149849″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287149849″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have 58 counties, 58 different systems, you have 58 different approaches,” says Dan Macallair, executive director of the Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His organization recently released a report called “\u003ca href=\"http://www.cjcj.org/uploads/cjcj/documents/do_politics_influence_the_prosecution_of_youth_as_adults.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Justice by Geography.\u003c/a>” According to the report, kids arrested for a felony are 2.4 times more likely to be direct-filed in counties with a Republican as the chief district attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“District attorneys are elected,” Macallair says. “A lot of people get elected based upon how tough they are on crime.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other experts, like UC Berkeley criminologist Barry Krisberg, say direct file is increasingly used in rural and Central California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apart from politics, others say the uneven use of direct file depends on demographics. “By and large it’s African-American and Hispanic,” says Arthur Bowie, supervisor of the Juvenile Division in the Sacramento County Public Defender’s Office. Of the district attorneys, he says, “It’s not so much that they purposefully look at this and say, ‘Oh I got this black kid I have to direct-file on.’ I think there’s just this indifference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento County’s rate of direct file is\u003ca href=\"http://casi.cjcj.org/Juvenile/2014\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> roughly double that of California’s as a whole\u003c/a>. The team of Sacramento prosecutors who make decisions about direct file say they don’t believe race is what’s at play. And just like the district attorney, a judge — who would be making the decisions about sending a juvenile’s case to adult court if Proposition 57 passes — is also elected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Grippi, Sacramento’s chief deputy district attorney, says one reason for Sacramento’s high rate of direct file is resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have as many options as the other counties,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That includes counties like San Francisco. The direct-file rate in San Francisco is consistently at the bottom of these charts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This can be in part attributed to a focus on preventative education programs like the one that happened on a recent Tuesday night at the \u003ca href=\"http://3rdstyouth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic\u003c/a> in San Francisco’s Bayview neighborhood, a historically black community in southeast San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This workshop has 10 students who sit around white circular tables in a room with brightly colored walls. They range in age from 12 to 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facilitator Lisa Thurau divides the students into two teams and prompts them to choose their representative avatars. Minutes later team Marilyn Monroe faces off against team Abraham Lincoln in a game of “Juvenile Justice Jeopardy,” the San Francisco version. Thurau developed this game through her nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://strategiesforyouth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Strategies for Youth\u003c/a>, and has traveled from her home of Cambridge, Massachusetts, to bring the game to San Francisco and train future facilitators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11125399\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11125399 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-800x504.jpg\" alt=\"A screenshot of "Juvenile Justice Jeopardy," a game youth at the 3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic in San Francisco's Bayview neighborhood are playing while learning about the justice system.\" width=\"800\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-800x504.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-400x252.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-1180x743.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/RS21394_RS21393_alt_510-qut-960x605.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screen shot of ‘Juvenile Justice Jeopardy,’ a game that youth at the 3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic in San Francisco’s Bayview neighborhood are playing while learning about the justice system. \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Thurau reads a recently selected question out loud: “At what age can you legally buy cigarettes and smoke? Not that you should.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students call out answers, getting points for the right ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This workshop is happening in large part due to yet another organization — this one’s called BMAGIC. It was created in 2004 by the San Francisco Public Defender’s Office in collaboration with community-based organizations. It represents one of the city’s efforts to address justice and crime at a local neighborhood level before young offenders end up in the juvenile justice system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties write off San Francisco as too different. It’s a place with tech money, and unlike most counties, which include many cities, San Francisco has just one. That means it has one school district and one police department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But prosecutor Jean Roland says the real magic starts with the mentality of the district attorney’s office. They report using direct file three times a year on the high end, and some years they haven’t used it at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we all share a common thought process of trying to cut off that prison pipeline,” Roland says. “If we don’t do it when they’re younger, when they have a chance, it becomes harder and harder to do that as they reach adulthood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roland points to\u003ca href=\"http://hrweb.mit.edu/worklife/youngadult/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> studies\u003c/a> that say a young person’s brain is still developing until their mid-20s. That research is not something all counties value, but in San Francisco the staff repeat it again and again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patricia Lee, managing attorney of the San Francisco Public Defender’s Juvenile Division, started working at her office over 30 years ago, a time when she says San Francisco didn’t have many good options to rehabilitate youth. She says she gets how people from other counties may feel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11127016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"Patricia Lee, managing attorney of the San Francisco Public Defender’s Juvenile Division, holds artwork that she feels demonstrates the challenges many of her clients face. \" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11127016\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-800x543.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-400x271.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-1180x801.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/PatriciaLee-960x652.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patricia Lee, managing attorney of the San Francisco Public Defender’s Juvenile Division, holds artwork that she feels demonstrates the challenges many of her clients face.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(Laura Klivans/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Twenty-five years ago we were in that position, too,” Lee says. But she and her colleagues have gotten creative, she says, and other counties, no matter how different, can do the same. She recommends applying for federal grants, collaborating with other departments across the cities, and even partnering with nearby counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee says these approaches contribute to the declining number of youth involved in San Francisco’s juvenile justice system — 1,500 kids in 2005 and around 600 today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Youth advocates say that if Proposition 57 passes, it will be symbolic of a shift in attitudes toward kids in the justice system. And, they believe, it will lead to fewer young people in adult court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the 3rd Street Youth Center & Clinic, Thurau raises another question: “How old do you have to be to be sent to adult court?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nobody gets that one right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional support for this reporting comes from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.berkeley.edu/research/human-rights-center/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Human Rights Center\u003c/a> at the UC Berkeley School of Law and the\u003ca href=\"http://investigativereportingprogram.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Investigative Reporting Program\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "S.F. Voters Are Getting Another Official Mailer After Receiving 316-Page Election Handbook",
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"headTitle": "Election 2016 | News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://sfgov.org/elections/\">San Francisco Department of Elections\u003c/a> has sent out even more paperwork to the city's voters after receiving complaints that its 316-page pamphlet for the November 2016 election failed to include the Democratic Party's candidate endorsements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's director, John Arntz, says the party's list fell through the cracks when it was sent to the department's general email inbox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic officials faxed the list to the agency, but when they called to confirm the fax was received, a temporary employee who took the call did not pass it along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The information was supposed to be in the voter guide. It wasn't. So, we followed up on it,\" Arntz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with sending out a new mailer listing party endorsements, Arntz said his office will take steps to prevent a similar mistake from happening again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Going forward we've got to get a process in place where the parties would address it to my attention or to the publications manager,\" Arntz said. \"We'll fix that going forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department is required to provide party endorsements that are sent to the office in the voter information pamphlet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Page 36 of this year's pamphlet there's a section called \"Party Endorsements.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State law allows political parties to endorse candidates for voter-nominated offices. The party endorsements received by the Department of Elections by the submission deadline are as follows.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The page then includes GOP candidate endorsements, but nothing from Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arntz says the new mailer was sent out last Friday, and will include endorsements from both the Democratic and Republican parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mistake was revealed in the midst of the divisive state Senate contest between Supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://janekim.org/\">Jane Kim\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.scottwiener.com/\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a>, both Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the Scott Wiener for Senate campaign announced it had uncovered the error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For state seats, the Democratic Party endorsed Wiener for the state Senate, Kamala Harris for U.S, Senate, Phil Ting for state Assembly (19th District) and David Chiu for state Assembly (17th District), among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Republican Party endorsed Matthew Del Carlo for state Assembly (17th District) and Carlos \"Chuck\" Taylor for state Assembly (19th District), among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "S.F. Voters Are Getting Another Official Mailer After Receiving 316-Page Election Handbook",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://sfgov.org/elections/\">San Francisco Department of Elections\u003c/a> has sent out even more paperwork to the city's voters after receiving complaints that its 316-page pamphlet for the November 2016 election failed to include the Democratic Party's candidate endorsements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency's director, John Arntz, says the party's list fell through the cracks when it was sent to the department's general email inbox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic officials faxed the list to the agency, but when they called to confirm the fax was received, a temporary employee who took the call did not pass it along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The information was supposed to be in the voter guide. It wasn't. So, we followed up on it,\" Arntz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with sending out a new mailer listing party endorsements, Arntz said his office will take steps to prevent a similar mistake from happening again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Going forward we've got to get a process in place where the parties would address it to my attention or to the publications manager,\" Arntz said. \"We'll fix that going forward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department is required to provide party endorsements that are sent to the office in the voter information pamphlet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Page 36 of this year's pamphlet there's a section called \"Party Endorsements.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State law allows political parties to endorse candidates for voter-nominated offices. The party endorsements received by the Department of Elections by the submission deadline are as follows.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The page then includes GOP candidate endorsements, but nothing from Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arntz says the new mailer was sent out last Friday, and will include endorsements from both the Democratic and Republican parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mistake was revealed in the midst of the divisive state Senate contest between Supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://janekim.org/\">Jane Kim\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.scottwiener.com/\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a>, both Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the Scott Wiener for Senate campaign announced it had uncovered the error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For state seats, the Democratic Party endorsed Wiener for the state Senate, Kamala Harris for U.S, Senate, Phil Ting for state Assembly (19th District) and David Chiu for state Assembly (17th District), among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Republican Party endorsed Matthew Del Carlo for state Assembly (17th District) and Carlos \"Chuck\" Taylor for state Assembly (19th District), among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Veteran GOP Congressman in Tough Race Against Political Unknown",
"title": "Veteran GOP Congressman in Tough Race Against Political Unknown",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Congressman Darrell Issa, R-Vista, is in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/03/tough-race-forces-darrell-issa-wealthiest-congress/\">toughest race of his 16-year political career\u003c/a>. In the June primary, a political unknown — retired Marine colonel and attorney Doug Applegate -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/jun/08/issa-faces-strong-challenge/\">came within striking distance\u003c/a>. Many are blaming\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/sep/01/issa-says-hes-not-worried-about-trump-factor-his-r/\"> Issa's support of Donald Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287335825\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa issued a statement over the weekend, reacting to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/07/you-can-do-anything-in-tape-trump-brags-about/\">Access Hollywood video\u003c/a> that depicted the GOP nominee making lewd sexual comments. While other Republicans in tight races pulled their support, Issa did not. In an emailed statement, Issa said \"he found these comments and behavior wholly inappropriate, offensive and unfitting of anyone seeking to lead our nation. There is never a time or place where it's appropriate to make jokes about sexual assault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, the 49th Congressional District, which straddles San Diego and Orange counties, has proved to be reliably Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his time in Washington, D.C., Issa has built a reputation as a firebrand, digging into the controversies on Capitol Hill, like Hillary Clinton’s email server. The former chairman of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform was at the center of the congressional investigations into the “Fast and Furious” gun-buying operation of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa also wants to be known for his slogan, “working for you,” which is on his new yard signs — his first yard signs in 16 years in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m telling people 'I’m working for you, in Washington, on those global issues, on those national issues,' ” Issa said during a campaign event at a park in Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126842\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-800x590.jpg\" alt=\"Vista Republican Congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff.\" width=\"800\" height=\"590\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vista Republican congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Photos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He said he wants to be known for local projects like sand replenishment for Solana Beach and Encinitas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since California went to the top-two primary before the 2012 congressional election, Issa hadn’t received less than 60 percent of the vote in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not this time. Against his Democratic challenger, Doug Applegate, Issa received 51 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa’s surprise poor showing has been traced to his embrace of Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way we are going to get our economy going again, the way Ronald Reagan did, is with someone like Donald Trump,” Issa said before a crowd at a Trump rally in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa originally campaigned for Florida Sen. Marco Rubio. When Rubio dropped out and Trump came to the San Diego Convention Center on May 27, the congressman gave a full-throated \u003ca href=\"https://www.darrellissa.com/2016/05/06/donald-trump-is-the-obvious-choice-for-every-american/\">endorsement\u003c/a> of the business mogul — comparing him to Reagan. This was less than two weeks before the California primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, on the other side of the aisle, at places like UC San Diego, thousands of young supporters were still energized by Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone was surprised,” said Mary Latibashvili, of UCSD College Democrats, talking about Applegate’s surprise showing in the primary. “Because Bernie was on the ballot, I think that drove a lot of students to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-800x449.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Applegate admits he didn’t really campaign in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, there wasn’t a lot of campaigning on either side in the primary,” Applegate said. “So I think what you can take away from that is a baseline and now is when it really gets interesting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s working hard now. When he’s not campaigning, he’s stumping for cash. And he's getting help. The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee has targeted the 49th Congressional District, to try and flip this traditionally red district blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate won’t say how much he has raised, but in the last month he spent a week in Washington. Before a campaign stop outside the VA hospital in La Jolla, he had just come back from Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than Trump’s unpopularity in California, Applegate blames Issa for his poor showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s the hand-built negatives of Darrell Issa himself,” Applegate said. “He doesn’t come back to talk to people. He certainly doesn’t come back and talk to vets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate is still an unknown. After he left active duty as a Marine in the 1980s, he remained in Southern California. He was a reserve officer and an attorney when he was called up in 2006 to serve in Iraq around Ramadi. As an attorney he represented cops and criminals. In 2008, he was part of a legal team that defended a former \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ex-marine-accused-of-war-crime-speaks-out-17-08-2008/\">Marine sergeant\u003c/a> from Riverside, who was the first soldier charged with war crimes in civilian court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate said he hadn’t considered running for office before this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126844\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-800x456.jpg\" alt=\"Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \" width=\"800\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-400x228.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’ve enjoyed being a Marine officer, no matter what I was doing. In good places and bad places. I’ve enjoyed practicing law,” Applegate said. “This was one of those things where there was a junction between everything I had done in my life up to this point. I think I’m better prepared than most people sitting on the hill when they first got there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general election has heated up quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa put out a mailer highlighting Applegate’s divorce in the early 2000s, where a judge issued two temporary restraining orders against him. Applegate’s ex-wife released a statement supporting Applegate’s campaign. An Applegate ad featured a 2011 New York Times story that accused Issa — often considered the richest member of Congress — of steering congressional earmarks to benefit some of his real estate holdings. Issa threatened a lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The falsehoods there, and then him, turning it into an outright lie,” Issa said. “You know, that’s what this campaign is about for him. For me, I’m going to win by double digits. I’m going to win by double digits running on a record of what I’ve done in Washington. And I am proud of holding two administrations accountable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans still hold more than an \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov//ror/ror-pages/124day-gen-16/congressional.pdf\">8-point\u003c/a> advantage in the number of voters registered in the 49th Congressional District, which includes Del Mar, Solana Beach, Encinitas, Carlsbad, Oceanside, Vista and San Clemente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is — now that both sides are actively campaigning — who will come out to vote in November?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/politics/election/california-counts/\">California Counts\u003c/a> is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what's important to the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Republican Rep. Darrell Issa is in the toughest race of his 16-year political career -- and many are blaming his support of Donald Trump.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Congressman Darrell Issa, R-Vista, is in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/03/tough-race-forces-darrell-issa-wealthiest-congress/\">toughest race of his 16-year political career\u003c/a>. In the June primary, a political unknown — retired Marine colonel and attorney Doug Applegate -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/jun/08/issa-faces-strong-challenge/\">came within striking distance\u003c/a>. Many are blaming\u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/sep/01/issa-says-hes-not-worried-about-trump-factor-his-r/\"> Issa's support of Donald Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287335825&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/287335825'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa issued a statement over the weekend, reacting to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2016/oct/07/you-can-do-anything-in-tape-trump-brags-about/\">Access Hollywood video\u003c/a> that depicted the GOP nominee making lewd sexual comments. While other Republicans in tight races pulled their support, Issa did not. In an emailed statement, Issa said \"he found these comments and behavior wholly inappropriate, offensive and unfitting of anyone seeking to lead our nation. There is never a time or place where it's appropriate to make jokes about sexual assault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past, the 49th Congressional District, which straddles San Diego and Orange counties, has proved to be reliably Republican.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his time in Washington, D.C., Issa has built a reputation as a firebrand, digging into the controversies on Capitol Hill, like Hillary Clinton’s email server. The former chairman of the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform was at the center of the congressional investigations into the “Fast and Furious” gun-buying operation of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa also wants to be known for his slogan, “working for you,” which is on his new yard signs — his first yard signs in 16 years in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m telling people 'I’m working for you, in Washington, on those global issues, on those national issues,' ” Issa said during a campaign event at a park in Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126842\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126842\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-800x590.jpg\" alt=\"Vista Republican Congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff.\" width=\"800\" height=\"590\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaTych800-400x295.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vista Republican congressman Darrell Issa (L) will face Democrat attorney Doug Applegate in a November runoff. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Photos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He said he wants to be known for local projects like sand replenishment for Solana Beach and Encinitas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since California went to the top-two primary before the 2012 congressional election, Issa hadn’t received less than 60 percent of the vote in June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not this time. Against his Democratic challenger, Doug Applegate, Issa received 51 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa’s surprise poor showing has been traced to his embrace of Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way we are going to get our economy going again, the way Ronald Reagan did, is with someone like Donald Trump,” Issa said before a crowd at a Trump rally in San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa originally campaigned for Florida Sen. Marco Rubio. When Rubio dropped out and Trump came to the San Diego Convention Center on May 27, the congressman gave a full-throated \u003ca href=\"https://www.darrellissa.com/2016/05/06/donald-trump-is-the-obvious-choice-for-every-american/\">endorsement\u003c/a> of the business mogul — comparing him to Reagan. This was less than two weeks before the California primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, on the other side of the aisle, at places like UC San Diego, thousands of young supporters were still energized by Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone was surprised,” said Mary Latibashvili, of UCSD College Democrats, talking about Applegate’s surprise showing in the primary. “Because Bernie was on the ballot, I think that drove a lot of students to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126843\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126843\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-800x449.jpg\" alt=\"U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/IssaCampaigning800-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Rep. Darrell Issa reaches out to volunteers while campaigning in Orange County, Oct. 1, 2016. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Applegate admits he didn’t really campaign in the primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, there wasn’t a lot of campaigning on either side in the primary,” Applegate said. “So I think what you can take away from that is a baseline and now is when it really gets interesting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s working hard now. When he’s not campaigning, he’s stumping for cash. And he's getting help. The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee has targeted the 49th Congressional District, to try and flip this traditionally red district blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate won’t say how much he has raised, but in the last month he spent a week in Washington. Before a campaign stop outside the VA hospital in La Jolla, he had just come back from Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than Trump’s unpopularity in California, Applegate blames Issa for his poor showing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s the hand-built negatives of Darrell Issa himself,” Applegate said. “He doesn’t come back to talk to people. He certainly doesn’t come back and talk to vets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate is still an unknown. After he left active duty as a Marine in the 1980s, he remained in Southern California. He was a reserve officer and an attorney when he was called up in 2006 to serve in Iraq around Ramadi. As an attorney he represented cops and criminals. In 2008, he was part of a legal team that defended a former \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/ex-marine-accused-of-war-crime-speaks-out-17-08-2008/\">Marine sergeant\u003c/a> from Riverside, who was the first soldier charged with war crimes in civilian court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applegate said he hadn’t considered running for office before this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11126844\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11126844\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-800x456.jpg\" alt=\"Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \" width=\"800\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/10/Applegate800-400x228.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Congressional candidate Doug Applegate talks to students at a Democratic event at UC San Diego. \u003ccite>(Matthew Bowler/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’ve enjoyed being a Marine officer, no matter what I was doing. In good places and bad places. I’ve enjoyed practicing law,” Applegate said. “This was one of those things where there was a junction between everything I had done in my life up to this point. I think I’m better prepared than most people sitting on the hill when they first got there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The general election has heated up quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa put out a mailer highlighting Applegate’s divorce in the early 2000s, where a judge issued two temporary restraining orders against him. Applegate’s ex-wife released a statement supporting Applegate’s campaign. An Applegate ad featured a 2011 New York Times story that accused Issa — often considered the richest member of Congress — of steering congressional earmarks to benefit some of his real estate holdings. Issa threatened a lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The falsehoods there, and then him, turning it into an outright lie,” Issa said. “You know, that’s what this campaign is about for him. For me, I’m going to win by double digits. I’m going to win by double digits running on a record of what I’ve done in Washington. And I am proud of holding two administrations accountable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans still hold more than an \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov//ror/ror-pages/124day-gen-16/congressional.pdf\">8-point\u003c/a> advantage in the number of voters registered in the 49th Congressional District, which includes Del Mar, Solana Beach, Encinitas, Carlsbad, Oceanside, Vista and San Clemente.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The question is — now that both sides are actively campaigning — who will come out to vote in November?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "List: Which California Republicans Are Supporting Donald Trump?",
"title": "List: Which California Republicans Are Supporting Donald Trump?",
"headTitle": "Election 2016 | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>It's been a tumultuous few days for Donald Trump's presidential campaign, to say the least. The Republican nominee spent the weekend alternately defending and apologizing for lewd comments he made about women in a 2005 video that surfaced Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, House Speaker Paul Ryan said he will \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/article/politics-and-government/11123810/paul-ryan-will-no-longer-defend-trump-looks-to-protect-house-majority\">no longer defend\u003c/a> Trump and will instead focus on down-ballot congressional races. Trump fired back at Ryan and other congressional Republicans in a Tweet storm that continued Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Our very weak and ineffective leader, Paul Ryan, had a bad conference call where his members went wild at his disloyalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/785828772423561216\">October 11, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Disloyal R's are far more difficult than Crooked Hillary. They come at you from all sides. They don’t know how to win - I will teach them!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/785854588654092290\">October 11, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>While two California Republicans in high-profile congressional races jumped off the Trump train in the wake of the video release, a KQED News survey of GOP lawmakers in the state finds that many Republicans remain on board with their party's nominee. Others have never endorsed Trump and surely will not now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We will continue to update this list as we receive responses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>Congress \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-01 \u003cstrong>Rep. Doug LaMalfa \u003c/strong>supports Trump. On Sunday, \u003ca href=\"http://www.actionnewsnow.com/news/rep-lamalfa-issues-statement-on-trump-s-leaked-audio/\">he told KHSL\u003c/a> that Trump's comments in the video were \"unacceptable braggadocio language for any man to be using.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-04 \u003cstrong>Rep. Tom McClintock\u003c/strong> supports Trump. On Monday, he said in \u003ca href=\"http://tommcclintock.com/voice-single.php?id=174\">a statement\u003c/a> that he \"cannot understand why so many hand-wringing Republican leaders can’t bear to stand up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-07 \u003cstrong>Sacramento Sheriff Scott Jones\u003c/strong> (running against incumbent Democrat Ami Bera) \u003ca href=\"http://www.scottjonesforcongress.com/2016/10/sheriff-scott-jones-issues-statement-presidential-election/\">announced Saturday\u003c/a> that he is dropping his support of Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-08 \u003cstrong>Rep. Paul Cook \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.joinpaulcook.com/blog/post/2016/05/11/Colonel-Paul-Cook-(ret)-releases-statement-on-Trump-nomination.aspx\">supports Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-10 \u003cstrong>Rep. Jeff Denham\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/politics-government/election/article107018027.html\">told the Modesto Bee\u003c/a> that he was \"deeply disappointed to hear about Donald Trump’s language toward women,\" but did not drop his previous support for the candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-21 \u003cstrong>Rep. David Valadao\u003c/strong> has opposed Trump's candidacy and continued his disapproval following Friday's revelations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">I have repeatedly stated I cannot support Trump & this type of disgusting behavior is exactly why...(1/3)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— David G. Valadao (@dgvaladao) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dgvaladao/status/784789438786220032\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CA-22 \u003cstrong>Rep. Devin Nunes\u003c/strong> supports Trump, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.yourcentralvalley.com/news/fresno-co-republican-party-supports-trump-despite-lewd-comments-on-women\">did not comment\u003c/a> to CBS Fresno after the video release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-23 \u003cstrong>Rep. Kevin McCarthy\u003c/strong> supports Trump. He said following the release of the video that Trump needs to make a \"full and unqualified apology.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-24 \u003cstrong>Justin Fareed\u003c/strong> is running for an open congressional seat in Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo counties. He hasn't supported Trump and tweeted his disapproval of the candidate's comments on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Trump’s comments, regardless of when they were said, are disgusting & inexcusable. Women should be treated w/ the highest regard & respect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Fareed for Congress (@JustinFareed) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JustinFareed/status/784566005511122945\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CA-25 \u003cstrong>Rep. Steve Knight\u003c/strong> is not supporting Trump. In a statement on Saturday, the vulnerable incumbent said: \"After hearing Donald Trump's inexcusable comments last night I was deeply disturbed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-39 \u003cstrong>Rep. Ed Royce \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/trump-715832-county-percent.html\">told the Orange County Register in May\u003c/a> that he is supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-42 \u003cstrong>Rep. Ken Calvert\u003c/strong> supports Trump. \u003ca href=\"http://calvertforcongress.com/news/statement-on-presidential-race/#more-684\">In a statement Monday\u003c/a>, Calvert said \"the comments from the 2005 recording were offensive, demeaning to women and beyond the pale.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-45 \u003cstrong>Rep. Mimi Walters\u003c/strong> supports Trump. Walters called his comments \"offensive\" in a statement released Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-48 \u003cstrong>Rep. Dana Rohrabacher\u003c/strong> supports Trump. Rohrabacher told \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/clinton-731690-trump-rohrabacher.html\">the Orange County Register\u003c/a> that \"Republicans who are backing away are gutless.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-49 \u003cstrong>Rep. Darrell Issa\u003c/strong> supports Trump. Issa tweeted his disapproval of Trump's comments Friday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">This type of behavior has no place in American politics, especially not from those seeking to lead our great nation \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/X0B3fQHII6\">https://t.co/X0B3fQHII6\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Darrell E. Issa (@TeamIssa) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TeamIssa/status/784607068598788096\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CA-50 \u003cstrong>Rep. Duncan Hunter\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/08/donald-trump-2016-temperament-214161\">supports Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>State Assembly \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-01 \u003cstrong>Asm. Brian Dahle \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-06 \u003cstrong>Kevin Kiley, \u003c/strong>a former deputy Attorney General running to replace termed-out Asm. Beth Gaines has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-12 \u003cstrong>Heath Flora \u003c/strong>and \u003cstrong>Ken Vogel, \u003c/strong>Republicans running to replace termed-out Asm. Kristin Olsen have not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-16 \u003cstrong>Asm. Catharine Baker\u003c/strong> does not support Trump. In a statement on Saturday, she said, \"The most recent revelations of his taped statements about women re-affirm my stance not to vote for Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-23 \u003cstrong>Asm. Jim Patterson \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-33 \u003cstrong>Asm. Jay Obernolte\u003c/strong> has not yet responded, but served as a Trump delegate at this year's Republican National Convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-35 \u003cstrong>Jordan Cunningham, \u003c/strong>a Republican running to replace termed-out Asm. Katcho Achadjian has not yet responded. Cunningham did tweet a denouncement of Trump's comments on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The way Trump objectifies women is unacceptable. This isn't just locker room talk. We have two incredibly flawed candidates on the ticket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jordan Cunningham (@Cunning_Jordan) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Cunning_Jordan/status/784820450291429376\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>AD-36 \u003cstrong>Asm. Tom Lackey \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-38 \u003cstrong>Dante Acosta\u003c/strong>, a Republican councilmember in Santa Clarita running to replace Scott Wilk has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-40 \u003cstrong>Asm. Marc Steinorth \u003c/strong>is not supporting Trump. In a statement, he said \"I am not endorsing or supporting Donald Trump for president. I am concerned about the direction of CA and wholly focused on my own race. It is disingenuous for Sacramento politicians to use a broad brush and paint all Republicans as the same person. We are all individuals entitled to stand on our own merits. \" He also tweeted in response to the comments Trump made on the 2005 video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">As a husband and father, the comments by Donald Trump are disgusting. He should be ashamed. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/xQDhp2pcsD\">https://t.co/xQDhp2pcsD\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Asm. Marc Steinorth (@MarcSteinorth) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MarcSteinorth/status/784640240287834112\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>AD-55 \u003cstrong>Asm. Ling Ling Chang\u003c/strong> is not supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-60 \u003cstrong>Asm. Eric Linder \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-65 \u003cstrong>Asm. Young Kim\u003c/strong> has not supported or denounced Trump's candidacy. In August, her spokesman \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/trump-726396-women-clinton.html\">told the Orange County Register\u003c/a> that \"she is not involving herself in the presidential campaign, so will have no comment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-66 \u003cstrong>Asm. David Hadley\u003c/strong> is \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailybreeze.com/opinion/20160729/why-clinton-and-trump-wont-get-a-south-bay-legislators-vote-david-hadley\">not supporting\u003c/a> Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-67 \u003cstrong>Asm. Melissa Melendez\u003c/strong> supports Trump. She said in a statement: \"Donald Trump has my vote. Hillary's actions speak louder than Trump's words.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-68 \u003cstrong>Steve Choi\u003c/strong>, running to replace termed-out Assemblyman Donald Wagner, says he supports Trump and that the candidate's apology for his comments in the video was sincere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-72 \u003cstrong>Asm.\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Travis Allen \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously stated that he \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/trump-715910-donald-republican.html\">supports Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-74 \u003cstrong>Asm.\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Matthew Harper \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously tweeted about his support for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Republicans need to unify behind Donald Trump to defeat Hillary Clinton.John Kasich should drop out and get out of the way. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump\">@realDonaldTrump\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Matthew Harper (@AsmHarper) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AsmHarper/status/727865185579339776\">May 4, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>AD-76 \u003cstrong>Asm.\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Rocky Chavez \u003c/strong>is not supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>State Senate\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-01 \u003cstrong>Sen. Ted Gaines \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-04 \u003cstrong>Sen. Jim Nielsen \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-08 \u003cstrong>Sen. Tom Berryhill \u003c/strong>has not yet responded. Berryhill \u003ca href=\"http://www.mymotherlode.com/multimedia/audio/mlviews/berryhill-talks-state-issues\">previously told Clarke Broadcasting\u003c/a> that he is \"backing Donald Trump for sure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-12 \u003cstrong>Sen. Anthony Cannella\u003c/strong> is not supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-14 \u003cstrong>Sen. Andy Vidak\u003c/strong> has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-23 \u003cstrong>Sen. Mike Morrell \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbsun.com/government-and-politics/20160704/where-do-inland-empire-republican-elected-officials-candidates-stand-on-donald-trump\">told the San Bernardino Sun\u003c/a> that he supports Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-28 \u003cstrong>Sen. \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Jeff Stone \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously \u003ca href=\"http://www.pe.com/articles/trump-802198-republican-district.html\">told the Press-Enterprise\u003c/a> that he will vote for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-29 \u003cstrong>Sen. Bob Huff \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-34 \u003cstrong>Sen. Janet Nguyen \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-36 \u003cstrong>Sen. Pat Bates \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-37 \u003cstrong>Sen. John Moorlach \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-39 \u003cstrong>Sen. Joel \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Anderson \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but served as a Trump delegate at this year's Republican National Convention.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's been a tumultuous few days for Donald Trump's presidential campaign, to say the least. The Republican nominee spent the weekend alternately defending and apologizing for lewd comments he made about women in a 2005 video that surfaced Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, House Speaker Paul Ryan said he will \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/article/politics-and-government/11123810/paul-ryan-will-no-longer-defend-trump-looks-to-protect-house-majority\">no longer defend\u003c/a> Trump and will instead focus on down-ballot congressional races. Trump fired back at Ryan and other congressional Republicans in a Tweet storm that continued Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Our very weak and ineffective leader, Paul Ryan, had a bad conference call where his members went wild at his disloyalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/785828772423561216\">October 11, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Disloyal R's are far more difficult than Crooked Hillary. They come at you from all sides. They don’t know how to win - I will teach them!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/785854588654092290\">October 11, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>While two California Republicans in high-profile congressional races jumped off the Trump train in the wake of the video release, a KQED News survey of GOP lawmakers in the state finds that many Republicans remain on board with their party's nominee. Others have never endorsed Trump and surely will not now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We will continue to update this list as we receive responses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>Congress \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-01 \u003cstrong>Rep. Doug LaMalfa \u003c/strong>supports Trump. On Sunday, \u003ca href=\"http://www.actionnewsnow.com/news/rep-lamalfa-issues-statement-on-trump-s-leaked-audio/\">he told KHSL\u003c/a> that Trump's comments in the video were \"unacceptable braggadocio language for any man to be using.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-04 \u003cstrong>Rep. Tom McClintock\u003c/strong> supports Trump. On Monday, he said in \u003ca href=\"http://tommcclintock.com/voice-single.php?id=174\">a statement\u003c/a> that he \"cannot understand why so many hand-wringing Republican leaders can’t bear to stand up.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-07 \u003cstrong>Sacramento Sheriff Scott Jones\u003c/strong> (running against incumbent Democrat Ami Bera) \u003ca href=\"http://www.scottjonesforcongress.com/2016/10/sheriff-scott-jones-issues-statement-presidential-election/\">announced Saturday\u003c/a> that he is dropping his support of Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-08 \u003cstrong>Rep. Paul Cook \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.joinpaulcook.com/blog/post/2016/05/11/Colonel-Paul-Cook-(ret)-releases-statement-on-Trump-nomination.aspx\">supports Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-10 \u003cstrong>Rep. Jeff Denham\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.modbee.com/news/politics-government/election/article107018027.html\">told the Modesto Bee\u003c/a> that he was \"deeply disappointed to hear about Donald Trump’s language toward women,\" but did not drop his previous support for the candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-21 \u003cstrong>Rep. David Valadao\u003c/strong> has opposed Trump's candidacy and continued his disapproval following Friday's revelations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">I have repeatedly stated I cannot support Trump & this type of disgusting behavior is exactly why...(1/3)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— David G. Valadao (@dgvaladao) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/dgvaladao/status/784789438786220032\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CA-22 \u003cstrong>Rep. Devin Nunes\u003c/strong> supports Trump, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.yourcentralvalley.com/news/fresno-co-republican-party-supports-trump-despite-lewd-comments-on-women\">did not comment\u003c/a> to CBS Fresno after the video release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-23 \u003cstrong>Rep. Kevin McCarthy\u003c/strong> supports Trump. He said following the release of the video that Trump needs to make a \"full and unqualified apology.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-24 \u003cstrong>Justin Fareed\u003c/strong> is running for an open congressional seat in Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo counties. He hasn't supported Trump and tweeted his disapproval of the candidate's comments on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Trump’s comments, regardless of when they were said, are disgusting & inexcusable. Women should be treated w/ the highest regard & respect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Fareed for Congress (@JustinFareed) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JustinFareed/status/784566005511122945\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CA-25 \u003cstrong>Rep. Steve Knight\u003c/strong> is not supporting Trump. In a statement on Saturday, the vulnerable incumbent said: \"After hearing Donald Trump's inexcusable comments last night I was deeply disturbed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-39 \u003cstrong>Rep. Ed Royce \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/trump-715832-county-percent.html\">told the Orange County Register in May\u003c/a> that he is supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-42 \u003cstrong>Rep. Ken Calvert\u003c/strong> supports Trump. \u003ca href=\"http://calvertforcongress.com/news/statement-on-presidential-race/#more-684\">In a statement Monday\u003c/a>, Calvert said \"the comments from the 2005 recording were offensive, demeaning to women and beyond the pale.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-45 \u003cstrong>Rep. Mimi Walters\u003c/strong> supports Trump. Walters called his comments \"offensive\" in a statement released Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-48 \u003cstrong>Rep. Dana Rohrabacher\u003c/strong> supports Trump. Rohrabacher told \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/clinton-731690-trump-rohrabacher.html\">the Orange County Register\u003c/a> that \"Republicans who are backing away are gutless.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CA-49 \u003cstrong>Rep. Darrell Issa\u003c/strong> supports Trump. Issa tweeted his disapproval of Trump's comments Friday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">This type of behavior has no place in American politics, especially not from those seeking to lead our great nation \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/X0B3fQHII6\">https://t.co/X0B3fQHII6\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Darrell E. Issa (@TeamIssa) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TeamIssa/status/784607068598788096\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>CA-50 \u003cstrong>Rep. Duncan Hunter\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/08/donald-trump-2016-temperament-214161\">supports Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>State Assembly \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-01 \u003cstrong>Asm. Brian Dahle \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-06 \u003cstrong>Kevin Kiley, \u003c/strong>a former deputy Attorney General running to replace termed-out Asm. Beth Gaines has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-12 \u003cstrong>Heath Flora \u003c/strong>and \u003cstrong>Ken Vogel, \u003c/strong>Republicans running to replace termed-out Asm. Kristin Olsen have not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-16 \u003cstrong>Asm. Catharine Baker\u003c/strong> does not support Trump. In a statement on Saturday, she said, \"The most recent revelations of his taped statements about women re-affirm my stance not to vote for Trump.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-23 \u003cstrong>Asm. Jim Patterson \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-33 \u003cstrong>Asm. Jay Obernolte\u003c/strong> has not yet responded, but served as a Trump delegate at this year's Republican National Convention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-35 \u003cstrong>Jordan Cunningham, \u003c/strong>a Republican running to replace termed-out Asm. Katcho Achadjian has not yet responded. Cunningham did tweet a denouncement of Trump's comments on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The way Trump objectifies women is unacceptable. This isn't just locker room talk. We have two incredibly flawed candidates on the ticket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Jordan Cunningham (@Cunning_Jordan) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Cunning_Jordan/status/784820450291429376\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>AD-36 \u003cstrong>Asm. Tom Lackey \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-38 \u003cstrong>Dante Acosta\u003c/strong>, a Republican councilmember in Santa Clarita running to replace Scott Wilk has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-40 \u003cstrong>Asm. Marc Steinorth \u003c/strong>is not supporting Trump. In a statement, he said \"I am not endorsing or supporting Donald Trump for president. I am concerned about the direction of CA and wholly focused on my own race. It is disingenuous for Sacramento politicians to use a broad brush and paint all Republicans as the same person. We are all individuals entitled to stand on our own merits. \" He also tweeted in response to the comments Trump made on the 2005 video.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">As a husband and father, the comments by Donald Trump are disgusting. He should be ashamed. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/xQDhp2pcsD\">https://t.co/xQDhp2pcsD\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Asm. Marc Steinorth (@MarcSteinorth) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MarcSteinorth/status/784640240287834112\">October 8, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>AD-55 \u003cstrong>Asm. Ling Ling Chang\u003c/strong> is not supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-60 \u003cstrong>Asm. Eric Linder \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-65 \u003cstrong>Asm. Young Kim\u003c/strong> has not supported or denounced Trump's candidacy. In August, her spokesman \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/trump-726396-women-clinton.html\">told the Orange County Register\u003c/a> that \"she is not involving herself in the presidential campaign, so will have no comment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-66 \u003cstrong>Asm. David Hadley\u003c/strong> is \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailybreeze.com/opinion/20160729/why-clinton-and-trump-wont-get-a-south-bay-legislators-vote-david-hadley\">not supporting\u003c/a> Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-67 \u003cstrong>Asm. Melissa Melendez\u003c/strong> supports Trump. She said in a statement: \"Donald Trump has my vote. Hillary's actions speak louder than Trump's words.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-68 \u003cstrong>Steve Choi\u003c/strong>, running to replace termed-out Assemblyman Donald Wagner, says he supports Trump and that the candidate's apology for his comments in the video was sincere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-72 \u003cstrong>Asm.\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Travis Allen \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously stated that he \u003ca href=\"http://www.ocregister.com/articles/trump-715910-donald-republican.html\">supports Trump\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AD-74 \u003cstrong>Asm.\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Matthew Harper \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously tweeted about his support for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Republicans need to unify behind Donald Trump to defeat Hillary Clinton.John Kasich should drop out and get out of the way. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump\">@realDonaldTrump\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Matthew Harper (@AsmHarper) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AsmHarper/status/727865185579339776\">May 4, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>AD-76 \u003cstrong>Asm.\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Rocky Chavez \u003c/strong>is not supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline\">\u003cstrong>State Senate\u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-01 \u003cstrong>Sen. Ted Gaines \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-04 \u003cstrong>Sen. Jim Nielsen \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-08 \u003cstrong>Sen. Tom Berryhill \u003c/strong>has not yet responded. Berryhill \u003ca href=\"http://www.mymotherlode.com/multimedia/audio/mlviews/berryhill-talks-state-issues\">previously told Clarke Broadcasting\u003c/a> that he is \"backing Donald Trump for sure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-12 \u003cstrong>Sen. Anthony Cannella\u003c/strong> is not supporting Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-14 \u003cstrong>Sen. Andy Vidak\u003c/strong> has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-23 \u003cstrong>Sen. Mike Morrell \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbsun.com/government-and-politics/20160704/where-do-inland-empire-republican-elected-officials-candidates-stand-on-donald-trump\">told the San Bernardino Sun\u003c/a> that he supports Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-28 \u003cstrong>Sen. \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Jeff Stone \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but previously \u003ca href=\"http://www.pe.com/articles/trump-802198-republican-district.html\">told the Press-Enterprise\u003c/a> that he will vote for Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-29 \u003cstrong>Sen. Bob Huff \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-34 \u003cstrong>Sen. Janet Nguyen \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-36 \u003cstrong>Sen. Pat Bates \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-37 \u003cstrong>Sen. John Moorlach \u003c/strong>has not yet responded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SD-39 \u003cstrong>Sen. Joel \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Anderson \u003c/strong>has not yet responded, but served as a Trump delegate at this year's Republican National Convention.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
},
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"order": 18
},
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},
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"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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