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"content": "\u003cp>Airline passengers coming to the U.S. on direct flights from eight majority-Muslim nations must now place most electronic devices, including laptops, tablets and cameras, in checked baggage under stepped-up security measures, Trump administration officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passengers can still carry smartphones into the plane's cabin, but nothing larger, the officials added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measures took effect Tuesday morning and cover about 50 incoming flights a day from the eight countries -- Jordan, Egypt, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Morocco, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All are traditional U.S. allies and none is among the six majority-Muslim nations on President Trump's controversial executive order that seeks to temporarily suspend immigration. The president issued a revised executive order on March 6, and this one, like the original in January, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/15/520171478/trump-travel-ban-faces-court-hearings-by-challengers-today\" target=\"_blank\">has been halted by the courts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The six countries cited in Trump's order all have fraught relations with the U.S., and several are plagued by unrest or civil war, including Syria, Libya and Yemen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast, the countries on the new airline list are mostly stable, have generally good relations with the U.S. and include four wealthy states in the Persian Gulf.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. officials said the airplane restrictions are based on intelligence indicating that terror groups are still plotting to blow up civilian planes. The officials stress that the latest measure is not related to the president's executive order, but it's certain to draw comparisons amid the ongoing political and legal battle over Trump's immigration order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Royal Jordanian Informs Passengers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Royal Jordanian Airlines announced the security steps on Twitter on Monday afternoon. The tweet was deleted shortly afterward, but it prompted administration officials to speak to reporters Monday evening, and they said the measures would take effect Tuesday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure is open-ended and will be reviewed periodically. It covers 10 airports in the eight countries -- Amman, Jordan; Cairo; Istanbul; Kuwait City; Casablanca, Morocco; Doha, Qatar; Jeddah and Riyadh in Saudi Arabia; and Dubai and Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That list includes every major travel hub in the region except Israel's main airport just outside Tel Aviv.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. authorities have expressed concerns in the past that explosives could be placed inside electronic devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, administration officials declined to say specifically how this move would enhance security since it doesn't ban electronic items currently permitted on planes. It just requires that most be placed in checked bags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passengers can still take smartphones or essential medical devices into the cabin. But larger items, including laptops, tablets, cameras, DVD players and electronic games, will have to be checked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The officials cited attacks in recent years by extremists, including the downing of a Russian charter plane in Egypt in 2015, which was apparently caused by an \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/17/egypt-plane-crash-bomb-jet-russia-security-service\" target=\"_blank\">explosive device on the aircraft.\u003c/a> The officials also noted airport attacks carried out by gunmen in Brussels and Istanbul in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. carriers are not affected because none travels directly to the U.S. from airports in the eight named countries. The measure does not cover flights leaving the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>American officials said they started reaching out on Sunday to make sure the countries and airlines knew the new regulations were coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past several years, U.S. authorities have expressed great concern about the bomb-making skills of the al-Qaida satellite in Yemen and have cited group member \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-11662143\" target=\"_blank\">Ibrahim al-Asiri\u003c/a> in particular.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yemen is on Trump's immigration ban, but there are no direct flights from that country to the U.S. However, Yemen is relatively close to the four Persian Gulf states on the airline list.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>FBI Director James Comey lit the fuse Monday on a political time bomb and no one — including him — knows how long it will take to burn or what kind of damage it may cause when it goes off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey confirmed to members of Congress that his investigators are looking into possible collusion between the campaign that elected President Trump and the Russian government. In fact, he said, the FBI has been doing so since last July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The signs had been there, from press reports to the announcement by Attorney General Jeff Sessions that Sessions would recuse himself from any such probe. Now, Comey's disclosure to the House Intelligence Committee removes all doubt that the FBI believes there is sufficient evidence to look into the connections between Trump's onetime political aides and the Kremlin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"KQPVMjjRK5LyUpwEYDYfwrNIeN5W3ZtV\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case that Russia interfered in the presidential campaign \u003ca href=\"https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/ICA_2017_01.pdf\">has been made\u003c/a> — the U.S. intelligence community laid out an unclassified version in December and then-President Barack Obama responded by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/29/507436692/obama-expels-35-diplomats-imposes-retaliatory-sanctions-against-russia-for-hacki\">expelling a group of Russian spies\u003c/a> and sanctioning some of its key officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But details about the role Trump's team might have played in the making of that mischief still are murky, and Monday's hearing did not include much explosive new information. In fact, the panel's chairman, California Rep. Devin Nunes — who served on Trump's transition team — and his fellow Republicans spent as much of their time as they could drawing the focus away from the Russian collusion narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real outrage, Republicans argue, is the leaking of classified information to the \u003cem>Washington Post\u003c/em> and other newspapers, especially the identity of former Lt. Gen. Mike Flynn as having been swept up in U.S. government surveillance of Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn resigned after a brief stint as Trump's national security adviser and has since \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/10/519703341/michael-flynn-admits-lobbying-may-have-benefited-turkish-government\">retroactively registered as a foreign agent\u003c/a> for his work representing Turkish interests. Democrats revealed on Friday that \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/16/520444056/former-trump-national-security-adviser-was-paid-to-advise-russian-firms\">Flynn had also taken more than $50,000 in payments\u003c/a> from Russian government entities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ex8AC3J6hjVGY3hWgPivKyjPzRfHnIbE\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, led by ranking member Adam Schiff, also of California, used their time on Monday to put Trump and the Russians together as closely as possible, including in an \u003ca href=\"http://schiff.house.gov/news/press-releases/intelligence-committee-ranking-member-schiff-opening-statement-during-hearing-on-russian-active-measures\">extended opening statement\u003c/a> by Schiff that laid out his theory of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of Schiff's statement, however, relied on information that's already publicly available or which has been called into question. Monday's session did not include major new details about the alleged ways that the Trump camp may have worked with the Russian intelligence services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it did raise new questions about the imbroglio — some of which lawmakers may answer at a second session now scheduled for March 28, and some of which might not be cleared up until the FBI announces the results of its investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. How much evidence is still to be discovered? And how reliable is what's now public?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Schiff crafted a narrative about the Russians' first exploration of the presidential candidates to a critical period from July to August of 2016. If Moscow began by trying simply to learn more about the potential next U.S. president, it shifted to trying to hurt the likely Democratic nominee, Hillary Clinton, and then helping her opponent — or so the argument goes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff relied on information that has appeared in press reports and some that appears in a controversial dossier passed from a former British intelligence officer to Comey by Arizona Sen. John McCain. NPR and other news organizations \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ombudsman/2017/01/13/509563890/the-thinking-behind-nprs-reporting-on-the-trump-dossier\">have refrained from reporting such details\u003c/a> because of the unknown provenance of the dossier — but does Schiff's use of it in the public hearing indicate that at least some of the information has been verified?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democrats' case also rests on conversations between Trump advisers and people connected to the Russian military intelligence service, the GRU, or other top Russians. But how much more detail exists about what was said in those meetings? How much effort are congressional or FBI investigators making to interview Trump's campaign advisers?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Might Trump aides have colluded with Russia without knowing it?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One new thread that emerged from Monday's hearing came as part of an exchange between Comey and Illinois Democrat Mike Quigley, who asked whether it's possible for Americans to help a foreign power and not know about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, Comey answered cautiously — an American might give information to someone he legitimately believes is a Chinese researcher and isn't aware is actually a Chinese intelligence officer. Or an American might fall in love with someone and not realize he or she is in a relationship with a foreign agent: \"Romance could be a feature,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could explain denials by people at the center of the Trump-Russia imbroglio, including former Trump campaign manager Paul Manafort, who resigned after reports about his connections to pro-Kremlin government factions in Ukraine. The \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> referred to Manafort \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/14/us/politics/russia-intelligence-communications-trump.html?_r=0\">in a story in February\u003c/a> about U.S. intelligence officials documenting many alleged connections between the Trump camp and the Russians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manafort called the report \"absurd\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/14/us/politics/russia-intelligence-communications-trump.html?_r=0\">and told the newspaper\u003c/a>: \"It's not like these people wear badges that say, 'I'm a Russian intelligence officer.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manafort's comment caused head-scratching at the time it appeared, but Comey and Quigley's exchange on Monday created the prospect for a story about Russia not necessarily using Trump campaign aides as agents but as dupes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. What did Trump know — and when did he know it?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Comey's investigation results in no charges or new information about ties between Trump's camp and Russia, the White House would get rid of an albatross that has been around its neck for months. But if the FBI charges former Trump campaign officials, or reveals links between the Trump camp that haven't already been aired publicly, that could escalate quickly and land the president or his top campaign aides in hot water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump never retreats and never apologizes, and so far has mounted a brash defense. He flits between sometimes acknowledging the Russian mischief during the presidential race and sometimes dismissing it as a fiction created by Democrats to excuse their loss. That strategy has continued to be workable, and Republican aides on Capitol Hill have shown continued willingness to carry water for the White House in responding to press reports or handling inquiries like those on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But charges against Trump aides, or new revelations about collusion between the campaign and Russian agents, would change all that — and fast. Democrats may never forgive Comey for revealing just before Election Day that the FBI had resumed some inquiries into Hillary Clinton's private email server, which Clinton and Democrats say threw a close election to Trump. Now the president, the White House and their Republican allies on Capitol Hill are under a similar Sword of Damocles.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. How will Russia respond to the investigations and their outcome?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey, National Security Agency Director Michael Rogers and other top U.S. intelligence officials have taken care not to say whether they believe Russia succeeded in influencing the outcome of the 2016 election — only that they're confident Moscow conducted an influence campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Russian President Vladimir Putin turn out to have invested wisely or to have been the dog that caught the car? If Putin wanted the U.S. to relax the Obama-era sanctions imposed after Russia's invasion of Ukraine, that ship may have sailed — the scrutiny of Trump's connections to Moscow may have now made even the appearance of any deal impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And American military deployments in Eastern Europe, including of armored units along NATO's frontier with Russia and of ships and aircraft in the Black Sea, have continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of this means, however, that Putin is finished meddling in American politics, Comey warned. He told members of Congress on Monday that the Russians, for their own purposes, likely are satisfied with their work — having sowed confusion and undercut faith in the U.S. democratic process — and may try it again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to assume they're coming back,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=4+Unanswered+Questions+About+The+FBI%27s+Russia+Investigation&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>FBI Director James Comey lit the fuse Monday on a political time bomb and no one — including him — knows how long it will take to burn or what kind of damage it may cause when it goes off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey confirmed to members of Congress that his investigators are looking into possible collusion between the campaign that elected President Trump and the Russian government. In fact, he said, the FBI has been doing so since last July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The signs had been there, from press reports to the announcement by Attorney General Jeff Sessions that Sessions would recuse himself from any such probe. Now, Comey's disclosure to the House Intelligence Committee removes all doubt that the FBI believes there is sufficient evidence to look into the connections between Trump's onetime political aides and the Kremlin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case that Russia interfered in the presidential campaign \u003ca href=\"https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/ICA_2017_01.pdf\">has been made\u003c/a> — the U.S. intelligence community laid out an unclassified version in December and then-President Barack Obama responded by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/12/29/507436692/obama-expels-35-diplomats-imposes-retaliatory-sanctions-against-russia-for-hacki\">expelling a group of Russian spies\u003c/a> and sanctioning some of its key officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But details about the role Trump's team might have played in the making of that mischief still are murky, and Monday's hearing did not include much explosive new information. In fact, the panel's chairman, California Rep. Devin Nunes — who served on Trump's transition team — and his fellow Republicans spent as much of their time as they could drawing the focus away from the Russian collusion narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The real outrage, Republicans argue, is the leaking of classified information to the \u003cem>Washington Post\u003c/em> and other newspapers, especially the identity of former Lt. Gen. Mike Flynn as having been swept up in U.S. government surveillance of Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn resigned after a brief stint as Trump's national security adviser and has since \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/03/10/519703341/michael-flynn-admits-lobbying-may-have-benefited-turkish-government\">retroactively registered as a foreign agent\u003c/a> for his work representing Turkish interests. Democrats revealed on Friday that \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/16/520444056/former-trump-national-security-adviser-was-paid-to-advise-russian-firms\">Flynn had also taken more than $50,000 in payments\u003c/a> from Russian government entities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, led by ranking member Adam Schiff, also of California, used their time on Monday to put Trump and the Russians together as closely as possible, including in an \u003ca href=\"http://schiff.house.gov/news/press-releases/intelligence-committee-ranking-member-schiff-opening-statement-during-hearing-on-russian-active-measures\">extended opening statement\u003c/a> by Schiff that laid out his theory of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of Schiff's statement, however, relied on information that's already publicly available or which has been called into question. Monday's session did not include major new details about the alleged ways that the Trump camp may have worked with the Russian intelligence services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it did raise new questions about the imbroglio — some of which lawmakers may answer at a second session now scheduled for March 28, and some of which might not be cleared up until the FBI announces the results of its investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. How much evidence is still to be discovered? And how reliable is what's now public?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Schiff crafted a narrative about the Russians' first exploration of the presidential candidates to a critical period from July to August of 2016. If Moscow began by trying simply to learn more about the potential next U.S. president, it shifted to trying to hurt the likely Democratic nominee, Hillary Clinton, and then helping her opponent — or so the argument goes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schiff relied on information that has appeared in press reports and some that appears in a controversial dossier passed from a former British intelligence officer to Comey by Arizona Sen. John McCain. NPR and other news organizations \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/ombudsman/2017/01/13/509563890/the-thinking-behind-nprs-reporting-on-the-trump-dossier\">have refrained from reporting such details\u003c/a> because of the unknown provenance of the dossier — but does Schiff's use of it in the public hearing indicate that at least some of the information has been verified?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democrats' case also rests on conversations between Trump advisers and people connected to the Russian military intelligence service, the GRU, or other top Russians. But how much more detail exists about what was said in those meetings? How much effort are congressional or FBI investigators making to interview Trump's campaign advisers?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Might Trump aides have colluded with Russia without knowing it?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One new thread that emerged from Monday's hearing came as part of an exchange between Comey and Illinois Democrat Mike Quigley, who asked whether it's possible for Americans to help a foreign power and not know about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, Comey answered cautiously — an American might give information to someone he legitimately believes is a Chinese researcher and isn't aware is actually a Chinese intelligence officer. Or an American might fall in love with someone and not realize he or she is in a relationship with a foreign agent: \"Romance could be a feature,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could explain denials by people at the center of the Trump-Russia imbroglio, including former Trump campaign manager Paul Manafort, who resigned after reports about his connections to pro-Kremlin government factions in Ukraine. The \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> referred to Manafort \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/14/us/politics/russia-intelligence-communications-trump.html?_r=0\">in a story in February\u003c/a> about U.S. intelligence officials documenting many alleged connections between the Trump camp and the Russians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manafort called the report \"absurd\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/14/us/politics/russia-intelligence-communications-trump.html?_r=0\">and told the newspaper\u003c/a>: \"It's not like these people wear badges that say, 'I'm a Russian intelligence officer.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manafort's comment caused head-scratching at the time it appeared, but Comey and Quigley's exchange on Monday created the prospect for a story about Russia not necessarily using Trump campaign aides as agents but as dupes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. What did Trump know — and when did he know it?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Comey's investigation results in no charges or new information about ties between Trump's camp and Russia, the White House would get rid of an albatross that has been around its neck for months. But if the FBI charges former Trump campaign officials, or reveals links between the Trump camp that haven't already been aired publicly, that could escalate quickly and land the president or his top campaign aides in hot water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump never retreats and never apologizes, and so far has mounted a brash defense. He flits between sometimes acknowledging the Russian mischief during the presidential race and sometimes dismissing it as a fiction created by Democrats to excuse their loss. That strategy has continued to be workable, and Republican aides on Capitol Hill have shown continued willingness to carry water for the White House in responding to press reports or handling inquiries like those on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But charges against Trump aides, or new revelations about collusion between the campaign and Russian agents, would change all that — and fast. Democrats may never forgive Comey for revealing just before Election Day that the FBI had resumed some inquiries into Hillary Clinton's private email server, which Clinton and Democrats say threw a close election to Trump. Now the president, the White House and their Republican allies on Capitol Hill are under a similar Sword of Damocles.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. How will Russia respond to the investigations and their outcome?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey, National Security Agency Director Michael Rogers and other top U.S. intelligence officials have taken care not to say whether they believe Russia succeeded in influencing the outcome of the 2016 election — only that they're confident Moscow conducted an influence campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Russian President Vladimir Putin turn out to have invested wisely or to have been the dog that caught the car? If Putin wanted the U.S. to relax the Obama-era sanctions imposed after Russia's invasion of Ukraine, that ship may have sailed — the scrutiny of Trump's connections to Moscow may have now made even the appearance of any deal impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And American military deployments in Eastern Europe, including of armored units along NATO's frontier with Russia and of ships and aircraft in the Black Sea, have continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of this means, however, that Putin is finished meddling in American politics, Comey warned. He told members of Congress on Monday that the Russians, for their own purposes, likely are satisfied with their work — having sowed confusion and undercut faith in the U.S. democratic process — and may try it again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to assume they're coming back,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=4+Unanswered+Questions+About+The+FBI%27s+Russia+Investigation&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Sesame Street to Introduce Muppet With Autism (Video)",
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"content": "\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1FeuSdL61MY\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Folks on Sesame Street have a way of making everyone feel accepted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That certainly goes for Julia, a Muppet youngster with blazing red hair, bright green eyes — and autism. Rather than being treated like an outsider, which too often is the plight of kids on the spectrum, Julia is one of the gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look: On this friendliest of streets (actually Studio J at New York's Kaufman Astoria Studios, where \"Sesame Street\" lives) Julia is about to play a game with Oscar, Abby and Grover. In this scene being taped for airing next season, these Muppet chums have been challenged to spot objects shaped like squares or circles or triangles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're lucky,\" says Abby to Grover. \"You have Julia on your team, and she is really good at finding shapes!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With that, they skedaddle, an exit that calls for the six Muppeteers squatted out of sight below them to scramble accordingly. Joining her pals, Julia (performed by Stacey Gordon) takes off hunting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a year, Julia has existed in print and digital illustrations as the centerpiece of a multifaceted initiative by Sesame Workshop called \"Sesame Street and Autism: See Amazing in All Children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has been the subject of a storybook released along with videos, e-books, an app and website. The goal is to promote a better understanding of what the Autism Speaks advocacy group describes as \"a range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication, as well as by unique strengths and differences.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now Julia has been brought to life in fine Muppet fettle. She makes her TV debut on \"Sesame Street\" in the \"Meet Julia\" episode airing April 10 on both PBS and HBO. Additional videos featuring Julia will be available online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M8QQRtA0hVA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Developing Julia and all the other components of this campaign has required years of consultation with organizations, experts and families within the autism community, according to Jeanette Betancourt, Sesame Workshop's senior vice president of U.S. Social Impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the U.S., one in 68 children is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder,\" she says. \"We wanted to promote a better understanding and reduce the stigma often found around these children. We're modeling the way both children and adults can look at autism from a strength-based perspective: finding things that all children share.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julia is at the heart of this effort. But while she represents the full range of children on the spectrum, she isn't meant to typify each one of them: \"Just as we look at all children as being unique, we should do the same thing when we're looking at children with autism,\" Betancourt says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was with keen interest that Stacey Gordon first learned of Julia more than a year ago. \"I said, 'If she's ever a puppet, I want to BE Julia!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No wonder. Gordon is a Phoenix-based puppeteer who performs, conducts classes and workshops, and creates whimsical puppets for sale to the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also has a son with autism, and, before she started her family, was a therapist to youngsters on the spectrum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although she figured her chances of landing the dream role of Julia were nil, her contacts in the puppet world paid off: Two friends who worked as Muppeteers on \"Sesame Street\" dropped her name to the producers. After submitting tapes, then coming to New York for an audition, she was hired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the introductory segment, Julia is having fun with Abby and Elmo when Big Bird walks up. He wants to be her new friend, but she doesn't speak to him. He thinks she doesn't like him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She does things just a little differently, in a Julia sort of way,\" Abby informs him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julia, chuckling, then displays a different-but-fun way of playing tag, and everyone joins in. But when a siren wails, she covers her ears and looks stricken.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She needs to take a break,\" Big Bird's human friend Alan calmly explains. 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I don't want to let the autism community down.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"600\" height=\"338\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/520577117/520788209\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With that, they skedaddle, an exit that calls for the six Muppeteers squatted out of sight below them to scramble accordingly. Joining her pals, Julia (performed by Stacey Gordon) takes off hunting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than a year, Julia has existed in print and digital illustrations as the centerpiece of a multifaceted initiative by Sesame Workshop called \"Sesame Street and Autism: See Amazing in All Children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She has been the subject of a storybook released along with videos, e-books, an app and website. The goal is to promote a better understanding of what the Autism Speaks advocacy group describes as \"a range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication, as well as by unique strengths and differences.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now Julia has been brought to life in fine Muppet fettle. She makes her TV debut on \"Sesame Street\" in the \"Meet Julia\" episode airing April 10 on both PBS and HBO. Additional videos featuring Julia will be available online.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/M8QQRtA0hVA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/M8QQRtA0hVA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Developing Julia and all the other components of this campaign has required years of consultation with organizations, experts and families within the autism community, according to Jeanette Betancourt, Sesame Workshop's senior vice president of U.S. Social Impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the U.S., one in 68 children is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder,\" she says. \"We wanted to promote a better understanding and reduce the stigma often found around these children. We're modeling the way both children and adults can look at autism from a strength-based perspective: finding things that all children share.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julia is at the heart of this effort. But while she represents the full range of children on the spectrum, she isn't meant to typify each one of them: \"Just as we look at all children as being unique, we should do the same thing when we're looking at children with autism,\" Betancourt says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was with keen interest that Stacey Gordon first learned of Julia more than a year ago. \"I said, 'If she's ever a puppet, I want to BE Julia!'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No wonder. 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"disqusTitle": "Pajaro River Farmers Prayed for Rain; Now They'd Like It to Stop",
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"content": "\u003cp>On this first day of spring, rain has returned to the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm OK with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This was my first winter here. After grinding out years of drought in Los Angeles, I still love seeing the rain fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure, we've gotten plenty, and it has caused me some inconvenience. When it's heavy, that first BART train I take in the morning is almost always late. And I've been drenched a few times on the bicycle ride between BART's 16th and Mission Station and KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But earlier this month, between scattered showers at Oakland's Temescal Farmers' Market, I met someone who has probably seen enough rain for a while, and what she told me was a lesson that some of us have no idea how inconvenient rain can be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've pretty much had a solid rainfall for two months straight,\" J.B. Ingraham of Happy Boy Farms told me. \"Long term, it's been a really positive impact. Short term it's been very challenging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/03/HappyBoyFarmsFlooding.mp3\" title=\"Winter Rains Bring Too Much of a Good Thing to Pajaro Riverbed Farm\" program=\"KQED News\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-800x533.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Boy Farms grows vegetables in San Benito, Santa Cruz and Santa Clara counties. I've stood in long lines for its carrots, kale and collards at the Temescal Farmers' Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of Happy Boy's parcels are along the Pajaro River, near Watsonville. The rainfall Ingraham talks about -- about 20 inches total in January and February -- pushed the river over its banks and flooded some of the firm's farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are a 250-acre farm. We've lost around 100 acres of crops. We have about 80 acres we can't even get to because we're still pumping water out,\" Ingraham said. She says she's seen fish swimming in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water submerged a tractor and wells. The cost of repairs will run to more than $10,000, Ingraham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Winter is a really hard time for farms to break even to begin with, but add all of this on top of it ...,\" Ingraham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the farm has gotten creative and is trying to engage its customer community. It has launched \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/happyboyfarms\" target=\"_blank\">a GoFundMe page\u003c/a> and is offering a credit voucher for 10 percent more than any donation over $20. In other words, for a contribution of 20 bucks now, customers get a voucher for 22 bucks' worth of produce in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Oakland restaurants that buy produce from Happy Boy Farms -- Temescal's Pizzaiolo and Grand Lake's\u003cbr>\nBoot & Shoe Service -- have joined the effort by offering the proceeds from special cocktails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Boy's message on its GoFundMe page is blunt:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last year at this time, we prayed for rain, as we had experienced significant crop failure due to years of drought. This winter, we got what we prayed for, and it has rained, and rained, and rained, resulting in flooding that has caused catastrophic damage to our farm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367892\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367892\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Happy Boy Farms parcel along the Pajaro River near Watsonville. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Happy Boy Farms parcel along the Pajaro River near Watsonville. \u003ccite>(Happy Boy Farms)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the Temescal Farmers' Market, Ingraham's tone was equally matter of fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With farming, you have to let things roll off your back,\" she said. \"You have to stay hopeful and realize that all you can do is what you can do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I asked about the level of support from customers at the market, her tone changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are so community-driven. The customers are so thoughtful and supportive every week. There are a lot of hard-core folks who do come out in all the conditions,\" she said. \"That's why we keep coming. That's why we keep growing. ... It's a beautiful symbiotic relationship.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Boy Farms grows vegetables in San Benito, Santa Cruz and Santa Clara counties. I've stood in long lines for its carrots, kale and collards at the Temescal Farmers' Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of Happy Boy's parcels are along the Pajaro River, near Watsonville. The rainfall Ingraham talks about -- about 20 inches total in January and February -- pushed the river over its banks and flooded some of the firm's farmland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are a 250-acre farm. We've lost around 100 acres of crops. We have about 80 acres we can't even get to because we're still pumping water out,\" Ingraham said. She says she's seen fish swimming in the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water submerged a tractor and wells. The cost of repairs will run to more than $10,000, Ingraham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Winter is a really hard time for farms to break even to begin with, but add all of this on top of it ...,\" Ingraham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the farm has gotten creative and is trying to engage its customer community. It has launched \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/happyboyfarms\" target=\"_blank\">a GoFundMe page\u003c/a> and is offering a credit voucher for 10 percent more than any donation over $20. In other words, for a contribution of 20 bucks now, customers get a voucher for 22 bucks' worth of produce in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two Oakland restaurants that buy produce from Happy Boy Farms -- Temescal's Pizzaiolo and Grand Lake's\u003cbr>\nBoot & Shoe Service -- have joined the effort by offering the proceeds from special cocktails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy Boy's message on its GoFundMe page is blunt:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last year at this time, we prayed for rain, as we had experienced significant crop failure due to years of drought. This winter, we got what we prayed for, and it has rained, and rained, and rained, resulting in flooding that has caused catastrophic damage to our farm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11367892\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11367892\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Happy Boy Farms parcel along the Pajaro River near Watsonville. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/Happy-Boy-underwater-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Happy Boy Farms parcel along the Pajaro River near Watsonville. \u003ccite>(Happy Boy Farms)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the Temescal Farmers' Market, Ingraham's tone was equally matter of fact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"With farming, you have to let things roll off your back,\" she said. \"You have to stay hopeful and realize that all you can do is what you can do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I asked about the level of support from customers at the market, her tone changed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are so community-driven. The customers are so thoughtful and supportive every week. There are a lot of hard-core folks who do come out in all the conditions,\" she said. \"That's why we keep coming. That's why we keep growing. ... It's a beautiful symbiotic relationship.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Deportation Threats Worry Farmworkers -- and Farm Owners",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the rolling hills above the farm community of Santa Paula, acres and acres of avocado and citrus trees spread out like a postcard from California's small-farm past. This is a rural area, but people here aren't Donald Trump voters -- Santa Paula voted 2-1 against him. The town of 30,000 in Ventura County is largely Latino, with an economy based on agriculture -- an economy that depends on immigrant workers, many of them undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first meet Luis, he's standing on top of a ladder in an avocado tree, cutting fruit for harvest. He collects up to 80 pounds of avocados in a canvas sack on his back, then climbs down and lugs it to a collection bin, dumping the fruit with a rumble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a pretty nice workout,” he jokes. Then he starts back up the tree for another round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363911\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363911 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's his fourth year on the harvest, and like many workers in Ventura County, Luis is an undocumented immigrant from Mexico. I'm identifying him only by his first name over fears he could be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work like a lot of people,\" he says, “We don't have papers. We cross the border, they say, 'illegally.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he likes his job, and he's good at it. That's why the farm, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/seller/brokaw-ranch-company\">Brokaw Ranch Co.\u003c/a>, wants to keep him and the rest of the contracted crew he works on.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor.'\u003ccite>Ellen Brokaw, Brokaw Ranch owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Brokaw Ranch manager Jose Alcaraz explains it's hard to find harvest crews who can work quickly and efficiently, and it's time-consuming to train new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have a good crew, we don't want to lose it,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz is a U.S. citizen now, but decades ago he came to Santa Paula from Mexico just like Luis. So, he understands why farmworkers are worried about President Trump -- farming businesses are worried, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in the same boat,” he says. “We need each other, so we are concerned -- if they are concerned, we are concerned, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"rectangular\" ids=\"11363918,11363919,11363904\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's promises to deport people in the country without authorization have people on edge, especially in California agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ventura County's farm bureau estimates there are about 36,000 immigrant workers, many of them undocumented, bringing in the county's $2 billion harvest. According to an estimate by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.farmworkerfamily.org/\">Center for Farmworker Families\u003c/a>, about 75 percent of California's agricultural workers are unauthorized immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But authorization or not, farms need workers, and they were scraping to find them even before Trump's election. Field work is hard, and the pay's not great -- about $12 an hour to start, although fast, experienced crews like Luis' can earn up to $20 an hour on a piecework rate. But it's hot, dirty, physical work, and farms all over the country have struggled to find legal workers willing to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ujgqEGdx4Ucr1zJN37MDbFfBHC7zDLzI\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranch owner Ellen Brokaw says she's tried to hire U.S. workers, as part of federal rules linked to a guest worker program she has turned to since the labor supply started to dry up. But she says U.S.-born workers don't want the jobs, and so she depends on immigrants to keep the business going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people apply, but almost never do any of them stay. So there's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If mass deportations hit Santa Paula, she and Alcaraz both say Brokaw Ranch would lose much of its harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would have to abandon most of our crops,\" Brokaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brokaw says what agriculture here needs is \"humane and reasonable\" immigration reform. Instead, with Trump in the White House, Santa Paula and other farm communities are worried he'll deport their workforce, who also happen to be their neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363913\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363913 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Company, which produces avocados, oranges, lemons, and other fruits in Ventura County. “There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,” she says.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Co., which produces avocados, oranges, lemons and other fruits in Ventura County. 'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,' she says. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Anybody who gets stopped or confronted who doesn't have papers is vulnerable. It's an awful way to live, under that shadow.\" Brokaw says, adding that the threat of raids is disruptive to a community of which undocumented workers are “absolutely, absolutely” a part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These people who are here cultivating and harvesting our crops are hard-working people who just want to live safely and support their families. And the way in which they are demonized is ... deeply distressing. And totally inaccurate,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rumors of raids have been flying, and there already have been arrests reported in nearby communities. Alcaraz says people in Santa Paula are scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"JDb1XvQiTA3KOtw8x1KBZdTxXx8IU0Gz\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they're preparing for the worst. Local community groups are doing outreach, setting up town hall meetings with lawyers and advocates to make sure undocumented people know their rights. One group has set up a text alert system to warn of ICE raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he hauls yet another sack of avocados, Luis says he's keeping his head down and staying on the right side of the law as much as he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm trying to do good, you know? Because I'm planning to live my whole life right here,\" he says. \"I really like it. California's a pretty good state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with a wave, he heads off back to work.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the rolling hills above the farm community of Santa Paula, acres and acres of avocado and citrus trees spread out like a postcard from California's small-farm past. This is a rural area, but people here aren't Donald Trump voters -- Santa Paula voted 2-1 against him. The town of 30,000 in Ventura County is largely Latino, with an economy based on agriculture -- an economy that depends on immigrant workers, many of them undocumented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I first meet Luis, he's standing on top of a ladder in an avocado tree, cutting fruit for harvest. He collects up to 80 pounds of avocados in a canvas sack on his back, then climbs down and lugs it to a collection bin, dumping the fruit with a rumble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a pretty nice workout,” he jokes. Then he starts back up the tree for another round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363911\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363911 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24650_4-qut-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ventura County is one of the United States' top agricultural producers, growing citrus, avocados and strawberries sold nationwide. According to the Ventura County farm bureau, as many as 36,000 field workers bring the harvest in every season -- almost all of them immigrants. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It's his fourth year on the harvest, and like many workers in Ventura County, Luis is an undocumented immigrant from Mexico. I'm identifying him only by his first name over fears he could be deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work like a lot of people,\" he says, “We don't have papers. We cross the border, they say, 'illegally.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he likes his job, and he's good at it. That's why the farm, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/seller/brokaw-ranch-company\">Brokaw Ranch Co.\u003c/a>, wants to keep him and the rest of the contracted crew he works on.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor.'\u003ccite>Ellen Brokaw, Brokaw Ranch owner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Brokaw Ranch manager Jose Alcaraz explains it's hard to find harvest crews who can work quickly and efficiently, and it's time-consuming to train new ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have a good crew, we don't want to lose it,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcaraz is a U.S. citizen now, but decades ago he came to Santa Paula from Mexico just like Luis. So, he understands why farmworkers are worried about President Trump -- farming businesses are worried, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are in the same boat,” he says. “We need each other, so we are concerned -- if they are concerned, we are concerned, too.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's promises to deport people in the country without authorization have people on edge, especially in California agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ventura County's farm bureau estimates there are about 36,000 immigrant workers, many of them undocumented, bringing in the county's $2 billion harvest. According to an estimate by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.farmworkerfamily.org/\">Center for Farmworker Families\u003c/a>, about 75 percent of California's agricultural workers are unauthorized immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But authorization or not, farms need workers, and they were scraping to find them even before Trump's election. Field work is hard, and the pay's not great -- about $12 an hour to start, although fast, experienced crews like Luis' can earn up to $20 an hour on a piecework rate. But it's hot, dirty, physical work, and farms all over the country have struggled to find legal workers willing to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ranch owner Ellen Brokaw says she's tried to hire U.S. workers, as part of federal rules linked to a guest worker program she has turned to since the labor supply started to dry up. But she says U.S.-born workers don't want the jobs, and so she depends on immigrants to keep the business going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people apply, but almost never do any of them stay. So there's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If mass deportations hit Santa Paula, she and Alcaraz both say Brokaw Ranch would lose much of its harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would have to abandon most of our crops,\" Brokaw says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brokaw says what agriculture here needs is \"humane and reasonable\" immigration reform. Instead, with Trump in the White House, Santa Paula and other farm communities are worried he'll deport their workforce, who also happen to be their neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11363913\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11363913 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Company, which produces avocados, oranges, lemons, and other fruits in Ventura County. “There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,” she says.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-960x639.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24649_3-qut1-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ellen Brokaw owns Brokaw Ranch Co., which produces avocados, oranges, lemons and other fruits in Ventura County. 'There's no way that we can take care of and pick our crops without immigrant labor,' she says. \u003ccite>(Marcus Teply/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Anybody who gets stopped or confronted who doesn't have papers is vulnerable. It's an awful way to live, under that shadow.\" Brokaw says, adding that the threat of raids is disruptive to a community of which undocumented workers are “absolutely, absolutely” a part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These people who are here cultivating and harvesting our crops are hard-working people who just want to live safely and support their families. And the way in which they are demonized is ... deeply distressing. And totally inaccurate,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rumors of raids have been flying, and there already have been arrests reported in nearby communities. Alcaraz says people in Santa Paula are scared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they're preparing for the worst. Local community groups are doing outreach, setting up town hall meetings with lawyers and advocates to make sure undocumented people know their rights. One group has set up a text alert system to warn of ICE raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he hauls yet another sack of avocados, Luis says he's keeping his head down and staying on the right side of the law as much as he can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm trying to do good, you know? Because I'm planning to live my whole life right here,\" he says. \"I really like it. California's a pretty good state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with a wave, he heads off back to work.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "After Brief Tenure, Uber President Quits Amid Company Turmoil",
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"content": "\u003cp>After less than a year as president of Uber, Jeff Jones is leaving the embattled ride-hailing company, Uber confirms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to thank Jeff for his six months at the company and wish him all the best,\" an Uber spokesperson says in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones, previously Target's chief marketing officer, was brought on by CEO Travis Kalanick last fall to boost Uber's reputation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Uber has long been known for its aggressiveness in taking on regulators, competitors and critics, the company has recently found itself entangled in a series of ugly controversies, ranging from sexual harassment \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/20/516260638/uber-will-investigate-sexual-harassment-claims-by-engineer\">allegations\u003c/a> to Kalanick's abrasive behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"hmQawdKBiAvdM1w7DsTqAJ5NB5RQcJaF\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/01/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick-argues-with-uber-black-driver/\">video surfaced\u003c/a> last month showing Kalanick arguing with an Uber driver, the CEO said he needed \"leadership help\" and announced his search for a new chief operating officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that hunt appeared to threaten Jones' role as second in command to Kalanick, in a statement to \u003ca href=\"http://www.recode.net/2017/3/19/14976110/uber-president-jeff-jones-quits\">Recode\u003c/a>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>Jones simply says his leadership approach is \"inconsistent\" with what he saw happening at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Uber CEO Travis Kalanick issued a note to staff: \"After we announced our intention to hire a COO, Jeff came to the tough decision that he doesn't see his future at Uber.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recode first reported Jones' departure on Sunday, initially citing sources that claimed Jones' departure was \"directly related\" to the company's amassing controversies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of recent scandals plague Uber, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>This month, the\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/03/technology/uber-greyball-program-evade-authorities.html\"> New York Times\u003c/a>\u003c/em> exposed Uber's secret \"Greyball\" program, established in 2014 to evade authorities worldwide in cities where the service has been banned. Uber later announced it will \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/an-update-on-greyballing/\">prohibit the use\u003c/a> of the program.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/20/516260638/uber-will-investigate-sexual-harassment-claims-by-engineer\">Last month\u003c/a>, former Uber employee Susan Fowler Rigetti published a blog post describing systemic sexism and sexual harassment in the workplace. The viral post prompted Uber to launch an independent investigation, led by former U.S. Attorney Gen. Eric Holder.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Earlier this year, a social media campaign encouraged consumers to #DeleteUber after CEO Travis \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/02/513133535/uber-ceo-leaves-business-council-after-criticism-from-trump-opponents\">Kalanick joined\u003c/a> President Trump's economic advisory council — he's since quit.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>People accused Uber of trying to profit from Trump's immigration order and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Uber_NYC/status/825577611816468481?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">\"breaking strike\"\u003c/a> by lifting surcharge pricing for airport protesters in New York.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Jones joins a list of recent top executives to leave the company. Engineering executive \u003ca href=\"http://www.recode.net/2017/2/27/14745360/amit-singhal-google-uber\">Amit Singhal was asked to resign\u003c/a> after failing to disclose a sexual harassment claim from his previous job at Google. This month, Uber's vice president of product and growth, Ed Baker, stepped down, in addition to security researcher Charlie Miller's departure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Uber employees spoke with \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2017/02/14/technology/uber-corporate-culture/\">CNNTech\u003c/a> about the company's \"grueling\" work pace and work-life balance — or lack thereof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're going to leave, people do so within the first year because the pace isn't what they expected or what they're used to,\" said Neal Narayani, Uber's head of people analytics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Short-Lived+Tenure%2C+Uber+President+Quits+Amid+Company+Turmoil&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After less than a year as president of Uber, Jeff Jones is leaving the embattled ride-hailing company, Uber confirms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to thank Jeff for his six months at the company and wish him all the best,\" an Uber spokesperson says in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jones, previously Target's chief marketing officer, was brought on by CEO Travis Kalanick last fall to boost Uber's reputation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Uber has long been known for its aggressiveness in taking on regulators, competitors and critics, the company has recently found itself entangled in a series of ugly controversies, ranging from sexual harassment \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/20/516260638/uber-will-investigate-sexual-harassment-claims-by-engineer\">allegations\u003c/a> to Kalanick's abrasive behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/01/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick-argues-with-uber-black-driver/\">video surfaced\u003c/a> last month showing Kalanick arguing with an Uber driver, the CEO said he needed \"leadership help\" and announced his search for a new chief operating officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that hunt appeared to threaten Jones' role as second in command to Kalanick, in a statement to \u003ca href=\"http://www.recode.net/2017/3/19/14976110/uber-president-jeff-jones-quits\">Recode\u003c/a>\u003cem>, \u003c/em>Jones simply says his leadership approach is \"inconsistent\" with what he saw happening at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Uber CEO Travis Kalanick issued a note to staff: \"After we announced our intention to hire a COO, Jeff came to the tough decision that he doesn't see his future at Uber.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recode first reported Jones' departure on Sunday, initially citing sources that claimed Jones' departure was \"directly related\" to the company's amassing controversies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A number of recent scandals plague Uber, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>This month, the\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/03/technology/uber-greyball-program-evade-authorities.html\"> New York Times\u003c/a>\u003c/em> exposed Uber's secret \"Greyball\" program, established in 2014 to evade authorities worldwide in cities where the service has been banned. Uber later announced it will \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/an-update-on-greyballing/\">prohibit the use\u003c/a> of the program.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/20/516260638/uber-will-investigate-sexual-harassment-claims-by-engineer\">Last month\u003c/a>, former Uber employee Susan Fowler Rigetti published a blog post describing systemic sexism and sexual harassment in the workplace. The viral post prompted Uber to launch an independent investigation, led by former U.S. Attorney Gen. Eric Holder.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Earlier this year, a social media campaign encouraged consumers to #DeleteUber after CEO Travis \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/02/513133535/uber-ceo-leaves-business-council-after-criticism-from-trump-opponents\">Kalanick joined\u003c/a> President Trump's economic advisory council — he's since quit.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>People accused Uber of trying to profit from Trump's immigration order and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Uber_NYC/status/825577611816468481?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">\"breaking strike\"\u003c/a> by lifting surcharge pricing for airport protesters in New York.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Jones joins a list of recent top executives to leave the company. Engineering executive \u003ca href=\"http://www.recode.net/2017/2/27/14745360/amit-singhal-google-uber\">Amit Singhal was asked to resign\u003c/a> after failing to disclose a sexual harassment claim from his previous job at Google. This month, Uber's vice president of product and growth, Ed Baker, stepped down, in addition to security researcher Charlie Miller's departure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Uber employees spoke with \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2017/02/14/technology/uber-corporate-culture/\">CNNTech\u003c/a> about the company's \"grueling\" work pace and work-life balance — or lack thereof.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're going to leave, people do so within the first year because the pace isn't what they expected or what they're used to,\" said Neal Narayani, Uber's head of people analytics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=After+Short-Lived+Tenure%2C+Uber+President+Quits+Amid+Company+Turmoil&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "WATCH: Republicans Praise Gorsuch, Democrats Decry Garland Treatment on Day 1 of Hearings",
"title": "WATCH: Republicans Praise Gorsuch, Democrats Decry Garland Treatment on Day 1 of Hearings",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>https://youtu.be/ycGeUyezm7s\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At his Supreme Court confirmation hearing, Neil Gorsuch pitched himself as a reasonable jurist who would do his best to uphold the rule of law without any bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sitting here, I am acutely aware of my own imperfections,\" the federal appeals court judge told the Senate Judiciary Committee on Monday. \"But I pledge to each of you and to the American people that, if confirmed, I will do all my powers permit to be a faithful servant of the Constitution and laws of our great nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 49-year-old Gorsuch, who was nominated by President Trump in January to succeed the late Justice Antonin Scalia, did his best to strike a chord of unity in his testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"fBWbrNKlqSgbGTI2Yx0N8mS01a8ZAU9L\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his comments followed four hours of opening statements from the committee members in which Democrats made clear they believed it was not Gorsuch who should be sitting before them, but President Obama's original nominee, Merrick Garland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal judge appeared nonplussed by the Democrats' comments and the perpetual Garland shadow that hung over the first day of testimony. He will take questions from the committee on Tuesday and Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorsuch touted his successful record as a judge on the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, saying that \"97 percent of the 2,700 cases I've decided were decided unanimously -- and that I've been in the majority 99 percent of the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also underscored his commitment to the separation of powers, stating, \"It is for this body, the people's representatives, to make new laws, for the executive to ensure those laws are faithfully enforced, and for neutral and independent judges to apply the law in the people's disputes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: \"If judges were just secret legislators, declaring not what the law is but what they would like it to be, the very idea of a government by the people and for the people would be at risk.\"\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their opening remarks, Republicans on the committee heaped plenty of praise on the federal judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"S0lhGc0ojrO2gqmbApPufsFIxdCMOhy5\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His grasp on the separation of powers -- including judicial independence -- enlivens his body of work,\" said committee chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, meanwhile, repeatedly invoked Garland, who was denied a hearing by Senate Republicans during an election year after Scalia's death in February 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am deeply disappointed that it is under these circumstances that we begin these hearings,\" said Judiciary Committee ranking member Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to say that Democrats would give Gorsuch a courtesy that Senate Republicans did not give Garland: a fair hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our job is to determine whether Judge Gorsuch is a reasonable mainstream conservative or is he not,\" Feinstein continued. She then outlined her concerns with some of Gorsuch's past writings that hinted he opposed \u003cem>Roe v. Wade, \u003c/em>calling the case a \"super precedent\" that legalized abortion and gave women a right to privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Colorado judge was introduced, as is customary, by his home state's senators. Republican Sen. Cory Gardner underscored that Gorsuch is not \"an activist judge\" and was well qualified to serve on the nation's highest court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"mVZfZ2qcwX1FZL3uqlkRAczlFWrQw6X6\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Michael Bennet of Colorado also had words of praise for Gorsuch, though he, too, decried Senate Republicans' treatment of Garland, calling it \"an embarrassment to this body that will be recorded in history.\" Yet he, like Feinstein, argued that \"two wrongs never make a right\" and said Gorsuch should get a fair hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Obama administration acting Solicitor General Neal Katyal, a Georgetown Law professor, also spoke in support of Gorsuch, calling him a \"first-rate intellect and a fair and decent man\" who had a \"dedication to the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Katyal also bemoaned the circumstances under which he was nominated, calling it \"a tragedy of national proportions that Merrick Garland does not sit on the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the first day of testimony underscored that the hearings would remain sharply divided along party lines, with each senator accusing the opposing side of political posturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, argued that the Senate owes a president discretion in picking his judicial nominees and pointed out that Gorsuch had received the highest rating possible from the American Bar Association, the \"gold standard\" in vetting judicial nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hatch blasted Democrats for wanting Gorsuch to outline how he would vote on certain cases, saying that to them, \"judicial independence requires he be beholden to them and [their] political agenda\" on issues like abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Republicans argued that Gorsuch should be judged on his own merits, legal writings and decisions -- not compared to the man who nominated him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C., said, \"The nominee before us today is not President Trump,\" nor is he Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell or Judge Garland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., joked that he was certainly no fan of Trump during the campaign and made the case that Republicans didn't blockade Garland's nomination to allow Trump to make a nomination because most of them didn't believe Trump would win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"2SMhW5lK0ZzUBiWvjdiiSMSa1fCC1c89\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you believe this has been a great plan to get a Trump nominee on the court, then you had to believe Trump was going to win to begin with,\" said Graham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South Carolina Republican pointed out that he had voted to confirm President Obama's two Supreme Court nominees, Justices Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, because they were qualified for the bench and not because he agreed with their politics. Graham urged his Democratic colleagues to give Gorsuch the same deference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm dying to hear someone over there tell me why [Gorsuch] is not qualified to be sitting here,\" Graham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas Sen. Ted Cruz claimed in his comments that Gorsuch's nomination carried with it a \"superlegitimacy\" because Trump made the Supreme Court vacancy a major campaign issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Democrats devoted many of their opening statements to pushing back against the so-called Republican obstructionism that they believe caused Scalia's seat to remain vacant for more than a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Judiciary Committee once stood against a court-packing scheme that would have eroded judicial independence. That was a proud moment. Now, Republicans on this committee are guilty of their own 'court unpacking scheme,' \" said Sen. Patrick Leahy, D-Vt. \"The blockade of Chief Judge Merrick Garland was never grounded in principle or precedent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ycGeUyezm7s'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ycGeUyezm7s'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>At his Supreme Court confirmation hearing, Neil Gorsuch pitched himself as a reasonable jurist who would do his best to uphold the rule of law without any bias.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sitting here, I am acutely aware of my own imperfections,\" the federal appeals court judge told the Senate Judiciary Committee on Monday. \"But I pledge to each of you and to the American people that, if confirmed, I will do all my powers permit to be a faithful servant of the Constitution and laws of our great nation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 49-year-old Gorsuch, who was nominated by President Trump in January to succeed the late Justice Antonin Scalia, did his best to strike a chord of unity in his testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his comments followed four hours of opening statements from the committee members in which Democrats made clear they believed it was not Gorsuch who should be sitting before them, but President Obama's original nominee, Merrick Garland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal judge appeared nonplussed by the Democrats' comments and the perpetual Garland shadow that hung over the first day of testimony. He will take questions from the committee on Tuesday and Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gorsuch touted his successful record as a judge on the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, saying that \"97 percent of the 2,700 cases I've decided were decided unanimously -- and that I've been in the majority 99 percent of the time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also underscored his commitment to the separation of powers, stating, \"It is for this body, the people's representatives, to make new laws, for the executive to ensure those laws are faithfully enforced, and for neutral and independent judges to apply the law in the people's disputes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added: \"If judges were just secret legislators, declaring not what the law is but what they would like it to be, the very idea of a government by the people and for the people would be at risk.\"\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In their opening remarks, Republicans on the committee heaped plenty of praise on the federal judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His grasp on the separation of powers -- including judicial independence -- enlivens his body of work,\" said committee chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, meanwhile, repeatedly invoked Garland, who was denied a hearing by Senate Republicans during an election year after Scalia's death in February 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am deeply disappointed that it is under these circumstances that we begin these hearings,\" said Judiciary Committee ranking member Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She went on to say that Democrats would give Gorsuch a courtesy that Senate Republicans did not give Garland: a fair hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our job is to determine whether Judge Gorsuch is a reasonable mainstream conservative or is he not,\" Feinstein continued. She then outlined her concerns with some of Gorsuch's past writings that hinted he opposed \u003cem>Roe v. Wade, \u003c/em>calling the case a \"super precedent\" that legalized abortion and gave women a right to privacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Colorado judge was introduced, as is customary, by his home state's senators. Republican Sen. Cory Gardner underscored that Gorsuch is not \"an activist judge\" and was well qualified to serve on the nation's highest court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Sen. Michael Bennet of Colorado also had words of praise for Gorsuch, though he, too, decried Senate Republicans' treatment of Garland, calling it \"an embarrassment to this body that will be recorded in history.\" Yet he, like Feinstein, argued that \"two wrongs never make a right\" and said Gorsuch should get a fair hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Obama administration acting Solicitor General Neal Katyal, a Georgetown Law professor, also spoke in support of Gorsuch, calling him a \"first-rate intellect and a fair and decent man\" who had a \"dedication to the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Katyal also bemoaned the circumstances under which he was nominated, calling it \"a tragedy of national proportions that Merrick Garland does not sit on the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, the first day of testimony underscored that the hearings would remain sharply divided along party lines, with each senator accusing the opposing side of political posturing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, argued that the Senate owes a president discretion in picking his judicial nominees and pointed out that Gorsuch had received the highest rating possible from the American Bar Association, the \"gold standard\" in vetting judicial nominees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hatch blasted Democrats for wanting Gorsuch to outline how he would vote on certain cases, saying that to them, \"judicial independence requires he be beholden to them and [their] political agenda\" on issues like abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other Republicans argued that Gorsuch should be judged on his own merits, legal writings and decisions -- not compared to the man who nominated him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Thom Tillis, R-N.C., said, \"The nominee before us today is not President Trump,\" nor is he Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell or Judge Garland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., joked that he was certainly no fan of Trump during the campaign and made the case that Republicans didn't blockade Garland's nomination to allow Trump to make a nomination because most of them didn't believe Trump would win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you believe this has been a great plan to get a Trump nominee on the court, then you had to believe Trump was going to win to begin with,\" said Graham.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The South Carolina Republican pointed out that he had voted to confirm President Obama's two Supreme Court nominees, Justices Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, because they were qualified for the bench and not because he agreed with their politics. Graham urged his Democratic colleagues to give Gorsuch the same deference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm dying to hear someone over there tell me why [Gorsuch] is not qualified to be sitting here,\" Graham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas Sen. 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"slug": "to-make-voters-care-about-gerrymandering-cast-it-as-action-thriller-villain",
"title": "To Make Voters Care About Gerrymandering, Cast It as Action Thriller Villain?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Grab a powerful political tool that few voters understand. Plan to fight in courts, statehouses and ballot boxes. Add an infusion of celebrity and more than a dash of cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a recipe some activists are trying as they work to export to other states California’s model for drawing political lines — a change that ultimately could shake up Congress and the domination Republicans now enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having collaborated to create California’s nonpartisan system for setting political boundaries nearly a decade ago, former Republican Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger and the government watchdog group Common Cause are now teaming up to try to overhaul how political maps are drawn in several other large states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re supporting ballot measures in Ohio, Michigan and Missouri; helping with lawsuits in Wisconsin, North Carolina and Maryland; and lobbying legislatures in Pennsylvania, Georgia and Texas. The details vary in each state, but the overarching similarity is an attack on partisan gerrymandering in favor of a system more like California’s, which has removed a lot of the politics from the process of setting boundaries for legislative and congressional districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The states that are thinking about these big changes are critical on the electoral map,” said Kathay Feng, director of the national redistricting effort at Common Cause. “These are all states where just in 2016 … big battles were going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process for carving states into political districts is called “redistricting,” and while it may sound like a painfully boring word, it’s actually a potent political weapon. Drawing up the maps strikes at the bedrock of democracy: It influences how well elected officials represent their communities. That’s because regions can be divided in ways that dilute the concentration of Republicans or Democrats, giving one party more power than it deserves based on its proportional share of the voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In North Carolina, the advocates note, 47 percent of the votes for Congress last year went to Democratic candidates — but Democrats won only 23 percent of that state’s seats. In Maryland, it was the reverse: Republican candidates for Congress won 35 percent of the votes, but less than 13 percent of the seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In those states, like most across the country, the party that holds power in the state legislature gets to set the boundaries for congressional districts. Supporters of independent redistricting say the system creates an inherently politicized process, where maps are drawn to continue to benefit the party in power. Critics of the independent system say elected lawmakers — unlike independent commissioners — are accountable to voters and can be thrown out of office if people grow unhappy with how they draw the maps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11364186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11364186\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration-.jpg\" alt=\"Gerrymandering explained.\" width=\"720\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration-.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--160x128.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--240x192.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--375x300.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--520x416.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gerrymandering explained. \u003ccite>(Steven Nass/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, voters passed ballot measures in 2008 and 2010 that took power to draw political maps away from the Legislature and handed it to an independent citizens \u003ca href=\"http://wedrawthelines.ca.gov/commission.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">commission\u003c/a> made up of five Democrats, five Republicans and four people not affiliated with a major party. Politicians, lobbyists and campaign donors are not eligible to serve on the commission. California is the only state that’s removed politicians from the map-drawing process, though 15 other states have taken the authority away from the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change in California has benefited Democrats — they’ve picked up five seats in Congress in the last decade and won a supermajority in both houses of the state Legislature. That’s because the old maps were drawn to favor incumbents from both parties, and the new maps create more competition, said Eric McGhee, a researcher with the Public Policy Institute of California. More Democrats have been elected, he said, because the districts mirror the growing share of Democratic voters in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The plan is basically fair,” McGhee said. “The commission drew the lines to reflect the way the state had changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger is touting the California model — and urging change in other states — in a series of kitschy social media videos designed to maximize his movie star appeal. Using clips from his early films and a smattering of foul language, the videos are trying to make an arcane subject relevant to the masses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve proven that gerrymandering can be permanently terminated,” the “Terminator” star says in one \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/attn/videos/1285232444845545/?hc_location=ufi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video\u003c/a>. “Tell your leaders to let the people decide who should draw their maps,” he says in \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/attn/videos/1292839037418219/?hc_ref=PAGES_TIMELINE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another\u003c/a>. “Hint: Not them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger’s advocacy for the nonpartisan system marks a break from many others in the GOP. Republicans sued in 2011 to block California’s approach, but their case was \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.findlaw.com/california_case_law/2011/10/california-republicans-lose-redistricting-plan-challenges.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">thrown out\u003c/a> by the courts. Jim Brulte, who heads the California Republican Party, said independent redistricting is good “in concept,” but not the way it’s played out in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were flat-out Democrat operatives on the commission in California that managed to get through the so-called independent process,” Brulte said. “So not everything that looks good on paper turns out the way it should.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, Republicans have pursued a partisan approach to setting district boundaries that has been very successful. After Barack Obama was first elected president in 2008, Republicans crafted a strategy to win control of state legislatures. It worked. The GOP now controls \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/about-state-legislatures/partisan-composition.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">32 statehouses\u003c/a>, while Democrats wield power in 14. Because in most states the congressional lines are drawn by state legislatures, this state-capitol control has translated to growing Republican domination in Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, beset by defeat in the presidential race last year and weakened by minority positions in both houses of Congress, are now crafting their own \u003ca href=\"https://democraticredistricting.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">campaign\u003c/a> to redraw political maps. Obama has said he wants to make redistricting a priority in his years after leaving office, and his former Attorney General Eric Holder is now \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/11/us/eric-holder-to-lead-democrats-attack-on-republican-gerrymandering.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leading\u003c/a> the Democratic effort to be better positioned when lines are redrawn in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Democratic campaign and the nonpartisan Common Cause effort will need serious money to put initiatives on the ballot and fight lengthy battles in court. And that is where California—home to many \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/hey-big-spenders-three-multimillionaires-stake-a-claim-on-your-state-ballot/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">politically active billionaires\u003c/a> — is also likely to come into play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feng, the Common Cause director, said she’s in early talks with Republican donor Charles Munger Jr., who \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/08/us/08bcredistrict.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bankrolled\u003c/a> the ballot measures that created independent redistricting in California, and Democratic donor Tom Steyer, who has funded a variety of liberal initiatives. (Neither one has committed.) Schwarzenegger aide Bonnie Reiss said the former governor plans to raise money for the effort, as well as donate some of his own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Former Republican Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger and the government watchdog group Common Cause are now teaming up to try to overhaul how political maps are drawn in several other large states.",
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"title": "To Make Voters Care About Gerrymandering, Cast It as Action Thriller Villain? | KQED",
"description": "Former Republican Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger and the government watchdog group Common Cause are now teaming up to try to overhaul how political maps are drawn in several other large states.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca ref=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/laurel-rosenhall/\">Laurel Rosenhall\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca ref=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Grab a powerful political tool that few voters understand. Plan to fight in courts, statehouses and ballot boxes. Add an infusion of celebrity and more than a dash of cash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a recipe some activists are trying as they work to export to other states California’s model for drawing political lines — a change that ultimately could shake up Congress and the domination Republicans now enjoy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having collaborated to create California’s nonpartisan system for setting political boundaries nearly a decade ago, former Republican Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger and the government watchdog group Common Cause are now teaming up to try to overhaul how political maps are drawn in several other large states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re supporting ballot measures in Ohio, Michigan and Missouri; helping with lawsuits in Wisconsin, North Carolina and Maryland; and lobbying legislatures in Pennsylvania, Georgia and Texas. The details vary in each state, but the overarching similarity is an attack on partisan gerrymandering in favor of a system more like California’s, which has removed a lot of the politics from the process of setting boundaries for legislative and congressional districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The states that are thinking about these big changes are critical on the electoral map,” said Kathay Feng, director of the national redistricting effort at Common Cause. “These are all states where just in 2016 … big battles were going on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process for carving states into political districts is called “redistricting,” and while it may sound like a painfully boring word, it’s actually a potent political weapon. Drawing up the maps strikes at the bedrock of democracy: It influences how well elected officials represent their communities. That’s because regions can be divided in ways that dilute the concentration of Republicans or Democrats, giving one party more power than it deserves based on its proportional share of the voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In North Carolina, the advocates note, 47 percent of the votes for Congress last year went to Democratic candidates — but Democrats won only 23 percent of that state’s seats. In Maryland, it was the reverse: Republican candidates for Congress won 35 percent of the votes, but less than 13 percent of the seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In those states, like most across the country, the party that holds power in the state legislature gets to set the boundaries for congressional districts. Supporters of independent redistricting say the system creates an inherently politicized process, where maps are drawn to continue to benefit the party in power. Critics of the independent system say elected lawmakers — unlike independent commissioners — are accountable to voters and can be thrown out of office if people grow unhappy with how they draw the maps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11364186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11364186\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration-.jpg\" alt=\"Gerrymandering explained.\" width=\"720\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration-.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--160x128.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--240x192.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--375x300.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/REDISTRICTING-Illustration--520x416.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gerrymandering explained. \u003ccite>(Steven Nass/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, voters passed ballot measures in 2008 and 2010 that took power to draw political maps away from the Legislature and handed it to an independent citizens \u003ca href=\"http://wedrawthelines.ca.gov/commission.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">commission\u003c/a> made up of five Democrats, five Republicans and four people not affiliated with a major party. Politicians, lobbyists and campaign donors are not eligible to serve on the commission. California is the only state that’s removed politicians from the map-drawing process, though 15 other states have taken the authority away from the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change in California has benefited Democrats — they’ve picked up five seats in Congress in the last decade and won a supermajority in both houses of the state Legislature. That’s because the old maps were drawn to favor incumbents from both parties, and the new maps create more competition, said Eric McGhee, a researcher with the Public Policy Institute of California. More Democrats have been elected, he said, because the districts mirror the growing share of Democratic voters in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The plan is basically fair,” McGhee said. “The commission drew the lines to reflect the way the state had changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger is touting the California model — and urging change in other states — in a series of kitschy social media videos designed to maximize his movie star appeal. Using clips from his early films and a smattering of foul language, the videos are trying to make an arcane subject relevant to the masses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve proven that gerrymandering can be permanently terminated,” the “Terminator” star says in one \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/attn/videos/1285232444845545/?hc_location=ufi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video\u003c/a>. “Tell your leaders to let the people decide who should draw their maps,” he says in \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/attn/videos/1292839037418219/?hc_ref=PAGES_TIMELINE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">another\u003c/a>. “Hint: Not them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger’s advocacy for the nonpartisan system marks a break from many others in the GOP. Republicans sued in 2011 to block California’s approach, but their case was \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.findlaw.com/california_case_law/2011/10/california-republicans-lose-redistricting-plan-challenges.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">thrown out\u003c/a> by the courts. Jim Brulte, who heads the California Republican Party, said independent redistricting is good “in concept,” but not the way it’s played out in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were flat-out Democrat operatives on the commission in California that managed to get through the so-called independent process,” Brulte said. “So not everything that looks good on paper turns out the way it should.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, Republicans have pursued a partisan approach to setting district boundaries that has been very successful. After Barack Obama was first elected president in 2008, Republicans crafted a strategy to win control of state legislatures. It worked. The GOP now controls \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/about-state-legislatures/partisan-composition.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">32 statehouses\u003c/a>, while Democrats wield power in 14. Because in most states the congressional lines are drawn by state legislatures, this state-capitol control has translated to growing Republican domination in Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats, beset by defeat in the presidential race last year and weakened by minority positions in both houses of Congress, are now crafting their own \u003ca href=\"https://democraticredistricting.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">campaign\u003c/a> to redraw political maps. Obama has said he wants to make redistricting a priority in his years after leaving office, and his former Attorney General Eric Holder is now \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/11/us/eric-holder-to-lead-democrats-attack-on-republican-gerrymandering.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">leading\u003c/a> the Democratic effort to be better positioned when lines are redrawn in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Democratic campaign and the nonpartisan Common Cause effort will need serious money to put initiatives on the ballot and fight lengthy battles in court. And that is where California—home to many \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/hey-big-spenders-three-multimillionaires-stake-a-claim-on-your-state-ballot/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">politically active billionaires\u003c/a> — is also likely to come into play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feng, the Common Cause director, said she’s in early talks with Republican donor Charles Munger Jr., who \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/08/us/08bcredistrict.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bankrolled\u003c/a> the ballot measures that created independent redistricting in California, and Democratic donor Tom Steyer, who has funded a variety of liberal initiatives. (Neither one has committed.) Schwarzenegger aide Bonnie Reiss said the former governor plans to raise money for the effort, as well as donate some of his own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Republican Congressman Faces Boisterous Crowd at Nevada County Town Hall",
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"content": "\u003cp>Republican congressman Doug LaMalfa drew more than 1,400 people to a town hall Saturday at the Nevada County Fairgrounds about an hour north of Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowd peppered LaMalfa with questions on the environment and immigration. LaMalfa backed the idea of building a wall along the border with Mexico, saying the country has to defend its borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But health care dominated much of the two-hour discussion. Many in the crowd appeared eager to voice their support for the Affordable Care Act and their displeasure with \u003ca href=\"https://housegop.leadpages.co/healthcare/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Republican efforts\u003c/a> to repeal and replace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11365772\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11365772\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Republican Congressman Doug LaMalfa listens to voters after a town hall on Saturday March 18, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican congressman Doug LaMalfa listens to voters after a town hall on Saturday, March 18, 2017. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some, including Stan Bunstock from Oroville, had very personal stories to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Myself I would have died. I would have lost everything,” he said. “I had esophageal cancer. Thank God for the Affordable Care Act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing a rowdy crowd, LaMalfa maintained that the Affordable Care Act is in a death spiral and he defended his party’s plan to overhaul health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to have a system that offers more choices. And you’re having less and less choices,” LaMalfa said to boos. Many in the crowd chanted “24 million,” the number of people the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/115th-congress-2017-2018/costestimate/americanhealthcareact.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Congressional Budget Office\u003c/a> estimates could lose insurance under the Republican plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, LaMalfa says he’s heard from hundreds of middle-class families who are seeing big premium increases under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those in attendance held up either green or red signs to signal whether they agreed or not with LaMalfa. The congressman often faced a sea of red when responding to questions. Still, Nevada County is a rare spot of blue in a solidly red district that \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/california-president-clinton-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">voted largely\u003c/a> for President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Republican congressman Doug LaMalfa drew more than 1,400 people to a town hall Saturday at the Nevada County Fairgrounds about an hour north of Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowd peppered LaMalfa with questions on the environment and immigration. LaMalfa backed the idea of building a wall along the border with Mexico, saying the country has to defend its borders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But health care dominated much of the two-hour discussion. Many in the crowd appeared eager to voice their support for the Affordable Care Act and their displeasure with \u003ca href=\"https://housegop.leadpages.co/healthcare/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Republican efforts\u003c/a> to repeal and replace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11365772\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11365772\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Republican Congressman Doug LaMalfa listens to voters after a town hall on Saturday March 18, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/RS24666_LaMalfa-qut-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Republican congressman Doug LaMalfa listens to voters after a town hall on Saturday, March 18, 2017. \u003ccite>(Katie Orr/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some, including Stan Bunstock from Oroville, had very personal stories to share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Myself I would have died. I would have lost everything,” he said. “I had esophageal cancer. Thank God for the Affordable Care Act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing a rowdy crowd, LaMalfa maintained that the Affordable Care Act is in a death spiral and he defended his party’s plan to overhaul health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to have a system that offers more choices. And you’re having less and less choices,” LaMalfa said to boos. Many in the crowd chanted “24 million,” the number of people the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/115th-congress-2017-2018/costestimate/americanhealthcareact.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Congressional Budget Office\u003c/a> estimates could lose insurance under the Republican plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, LaMalfa says he’s heard from hundreds of middle-class families who are seeing big premium increases under the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those in attendance held up either green or red signs to signal whether they agreed or not with LaMalfa. The congressman often faced a sea of red when responding to questions. Still, Nevada County is a rare spot of blue in a solidly red district that \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/elections/results/california-president-clinton-trump\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">voted largely\u003c/a> for President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Extraordinary Effort to Save the White Abalone",
"headTitle": "The Extraordinary Effort to Save the White Abalone | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">O\u003c/span>n a rainy winter evening, biologist \u003ca href=\"http://kristinaquilino.weebly.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kristin Aquilino\u003c/a> was rummaging through the trunk of her pickup truck in the \u003ca href=\"http://bml.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bodega Marine Lab\u003c/a> parking lot. She was looking for a rubber spatula—a tool she needed to pry a recently captured white abalone from inside an ice chest brimming with seawater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquilino had driven the rare animal 385 miles from Los Angeles, where it was captured off the coast, and where small numbers of this endangered species can still be found. She was about to introduce the 7-inch marine snail to its new home, a research facility at UC Davis’ Bodega Marine Lab in Bodega Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1483680\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1483680\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656.jpg\" alt=\"Kristen Aquilino searches for a spatula so she can remove a wild-caught white abalone from inside a cooler that transported the animal from Los Angeles to San Francisco.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kristen Aquilino searches for a spatula so she can remove a wild-caught white abalone from inside a cooler that transported the animal from Los Angeles to San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Maggie Carson Jurow)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now Aquilino had the unenviable task of trying to pry loose the creature’s squishy orange foot without injuring it. Any nick to this male abalone’s flesh, or chip to its shell, could cause the snail to bleed uncontrollably since its fluid doesn’t clot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been studying these animals for years and this is one of the few wild white abalone I’ve seen,” says Aquilino, an abalone expert at the Bodega Marine Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because there are more white abalone living in captivity than there are in the wild. And the mollusk suctioning Aquilino’s hands is the first wild white abalone scientists have collected from the ocean in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rare creatures are incredibly difficult for divers to find in the deep waters where they live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been working for six to seven years to find loner abalone along the coast,” says fish biologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.habitat.noaa.gov/restoration/connection/davewitting.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dave Witting\u003c/a> from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1484296\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 346px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1484296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660.jpg\" alt='A wild white abalone was covered in so much algae that scientists say he was \"extremely hard\" to find.' width=\"346\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-160x158.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-800x789.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-768x757.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-960x947.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-240x237.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-375x370.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-520x513.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-128x128.jpg 128w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A wild white abalone was covered in so much algae that scientists say he was “extremely hard” to find. \u003ccite>(Maggie Carson Jurow)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We spoke to old abalone divers who are long retired now, but, basically we picked their brains and found some locations,” says Witting, who collected the male abalone that Aquilino drove to Bodega Marine Lab. “\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He was extremely hard to find,” says Witting. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It looked like a fuzzy rock.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only was the abalone difficult to spot, but Witting needed a special Endangered Species Act permit to collect him—a permit that took two years to acquire. So the animal’s arrival at Bodega Marine Lab was historic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a big moment,” said Aquilino. “They will go extinct in 10 to 15 years if there’s not a program to place them back in the wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquilino gingerly placed the snail inside a bright blue bucket at the lab, where her 12-person research team runs a captive breeding program to protect white abalone from dying off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like all new abalone that arrive, he received a nickname: abalone 314 or “Pi.” Researchers were hoping Pi’s arrival would introduce new DNA into the aging captive population, creating stronger offspring with more genetic diversity—and a better chance for survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1427858\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1427858\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey.jpg\" alt=\"A free diver searches for abalone off the California coast.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-960x638.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A free diver searches for abalone off the California coast. \u003ccite>(Ken Bailey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Path to Extinction\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White abalone was once a delicacy at California seafood restaurants, the most highly prized of all abalone species for its soft meat. Then it disappeared from menus in 1993 when the fishery was closed due to overfishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Abalone-Worldwide-Haliotidae-Daniel-Geiger/dp/3939767433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Buzz Owen\u003c/a>, a retired commercial and recreational abalone diver, recalls his abundant abalone catches back in the ’50s and ’60s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was no limit on the number you could take,” says Owen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My record was in 1961. After diving for nine hours near Catalina Island when I caught 83 dozen including some whites and greens and pinks. “That didn’t even dent this population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1483445\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1483445\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile.png\" alt=\"These abalone shells in Monterey, California on September 5, 1930 sit outside a market after the tender meat was removed. White was so popular that it was nearly eaten to extinction.\" width=\"768\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-160x114.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-240x171.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-375x267.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-520x370.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">White abalone was so popular that it was nearly eaten to extinction. These shells sit outside a Monterey market in 1930. \u003ccite>(Richard S. Crocker/Online Archive of California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Size limits on what divers could catch were intended to protect abalone so they could mature and reproduce. But it wasn’t enough to prevent the numbers from dwindling to a crisis point. The scattered survivors were too far apart for their ejected sperm and eggs to mingle, so spawning was rarely successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government eventually realized closing the fishery wasn’t enough, so they made collection of all abalone a federal crime in 1997. (One exception for abalone diving remains: there’s still a legal, recreational red abalone fishery north of San Francisco.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in 2001, white abalone became the first marine invertebrate to receive federal protection as an endangered species after the population had declined by almost \u003ca href=\"http://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pr/species/esa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">99 percent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success—or failure—of white abalone now depends on the breeding program at the Bodega Lab, and six other organizations, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Department of Fish and Wildlife\u003c/a> and NOAA, that support the effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first captive breeding attempt at UC Santa Barbara in 2001, the parent abalone created 100,000 juveniles, but almost all of them died due to a fatal wasting disease called withering syndrome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, the \u003ca href=\"http://cimwi.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Channel Islands Marine Resource Institute\u003c/a> in Santa Barbara bred the abalone again and after the Bodega lab received a permit in 2011, it bred animals in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Captive breeding was finally turning a corner. Between 2012 and 2014, the number of abalone that survived to be juveniles increased threefold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"rectangular\" size=\"medium\" ids=\"1483442,1484303,1484302\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are now 8,000 juveniles living in captivity at Bodega’s lab. They haven’t been released into the wild yet because scientists still need to test methods for introduction into the ocean—an environment the animals have never experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a make-or-break situation right now with the wild population,” says Aquilino.\u003cb> \u003c/b>“We put them in this mess, so it’s up to us to save them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Abalone Brings Hope \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Pi arrived at the Bodega Lab, Aquilino was excited about breeding him in March. White abalone only spawn once a year so timing is critical. It would be the first breeding of a newly collected abalone in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even hopeful stories don’t always turn out to be happy ones. In early February, 15 weeks after Pi’s arrival to Bodega, Aquilino sent an email with “cruddy news.” He didn’t survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">By 2019, scientists may be ready to release of thousands of young white abalone into the wild.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know why,” she later explained over the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was obviously very sudden and unexpected. He looked fine on Tuesday and then a day later he was no longer holding on to the side of the tank.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late February, Jim Moore, a California Department of Fish and Wildlife shellfish health expert, examined the animal’s tissue, and says “Pi” may have developed a foot infection, though he couldn’t be sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may never be able to pinpoint cause of death, that is just the way it is sometimes,” says Moore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was some good news for Aquilino and her team. A female white abalone recently captured off the coast of Southern California arrived at the Bodega lab just before Pi’s death—just in time for breeding. They named her “Green 312.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was one of 13 animals that successfully spawned on March 1. For the scientists, it was a big deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1483453 alignright\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial.jpeg\" alt=\"Map_partial\" width=\"370\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial.jpeg 680w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-160x176.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-240x264.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-375x413.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-520x572.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\">“\u003cem>Pretty cool that there are new genes in the program for the first time in 14 years!!!\u003c/em>” Aquilino said in an email to colleagues a day after the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green 312 and four other female abalone from the original captive group produced about 14 million eggs. By the next morning, scientists woke up to find millions of embryos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was lucky enough to witness one of the embryos from the wild female hatching under the scope this morning, Aquilino wrote, “which was a first for me and super duper exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bodega Marine Lab and six other agencies have a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/stories/2016/02/docs/white__abalone_spotlight_species_5_year_action_plan_final_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">five-year plan\u003c/a> and expect to be ready in about two years for a release of thousands of young white abalone into the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We now have enough captive white abalone to start testing the best methods for reintroduction to the wild once a permit is in place,” says Aquilino, “and we’re hopeful.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">O\u003c/span>n a rainy winter evening, biologist \u003ca href=\"http://kristinaquilino.weebly.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kristin Aquilino\u003c/a> was rummaging through the trunk of her pickup truck in the \u003ca href=\"http://bml.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bodega Marine Lab\u003c/a> parking lot. She was looking for a rubber spatula—a tool she needed to pry a recently captured white abalone from inside an ice chest brimming with seawater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquilino had driven the rare animal 385 miles from Los Angeles, where it was captured off the coast, and where small numbers of this endangered species can still be found. She was about to introduce the 7-inch marine snail to its new home, a research facility at UC Davis’ Bodega Marine Lab in Bodega Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1483680\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1483680\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656.jpg\" alt=\"Kristen Aquilino searches for a spatula so she can remove a wild-caught white abalone from inside a cooler that transported the animal from Los Angeles to San Francisco.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5656-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kristen Aquilino searches for a spatula so she can remove a wild-caught white abalone from inside a cooler that transported the animal from Los Angeles to San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Maggie Carson Jurow)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now Aquilino had the unenviable task of trying to pry loose the creature’s squishy orange foot without injuring it. Any nick to this male abalone’s flesh, or chip to its shell, could cause the snail to bleed uncontrollably since its fluid doesn’t clot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been studying these animals for years and this is one of the few wild white abalone I’ve seen,” says Aquilino, an abalone expert at the Bodega Marine Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because there are more white abalone living in captivity than there are in the wild. And the mollusk suctioning Aquilino’s hands is the first wild white abalone scientists have collected from the ocean in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rare creatures are incredibly difficult for divers to find in the deep waters where they live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been working for six to seven years to find loner abalone along the coast,” says fish biologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.habitat.noaa.gov/restoration/connection/davewitting.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dave Witting\u003c/a> from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1484296\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 346px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1484296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660.jpg\" alt='A wild white abalone was covered in so much algae that scientists say he was \"extremely hard\" to find.' width=\"346\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-160x158.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-800x789.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-768x757.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-960x947.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-240x237.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-375x370.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-520x513.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-64x64.jpg 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-96x96.jpg 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/maggie-carson-jurow-npr-5660-128x128.jpg 128w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A wild white abalone was covered in so much algae that scientists say he was “extremely hard” to find. \u003ccite>(Maggie Carson Jurow)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We spoke to old abalone divers who are long retired now, but, basically we picked their brains and found some locations,” says Witting, who collected the male abalone that Aquilino drove to Bodega Marine Lab. “\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He was extremely hard to find,” says Witting. “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It looked like a fuzzy rock.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only was the abalone difficult to spot, but Witting needed a special Endangered Species Act permit to collect him—a permit that took two years to acquire. So the animal’s arrival at Bodega Marine Lab was historic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a big moment,” said Aquilino. “They will go extinct in 10 to 15 years if there’s not a program to place them back in the wild.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquilino gingerly placed the snail inside a bright blue bucket at the lab, where her 12-person research team runs a captive breeding program to protect white abalone from dying off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like all new abalone that arrive, he received a nickname: abalone 314 or “Pi.” Researchers were hoping Pi’s arrival would introduce new DNA into the aging captive population, creating stronger offspring with more genetic diversity—and a better chance for survival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1427858\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1427858\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey.jpg\" alt=\"A free diver searches for abalone off the California coast.\" width=\"1000\" height=\"665\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey.jpg 1000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-960x638.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/02/abalone_ken-bailey-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A free diver searches for abalone off the California coast. \u003ccite>(Ken Bailey)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Path to Extinction\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White abalone was once a delicacy at California seafood restaurants, the most highly prized of all abalone species for its soft meat. Then it disappeared from menus in 1993 when the fishery was closed due to overfishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Abalone-Worldwide-Haliotidae-Daniel-Geiger/dp/3939767433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Buzz Owen\u003c/a>, a retired commercial and recreational abalone diver, recalls his abundant abalone catches back in the ’50s and ’60s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was no limit on the number you could take,” says Owen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My record was in 1961. After diving for nine hours near Catalina Island when I caught 83 dozen including some whites and greens and pinks. “That didn’t even dent this population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1483445\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1483445\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile.png\" alt=\"These abalone shells in Monterey, California on September 5, 1930 sit outside a market after the tender meat was removed. White was so popular that it was nearly eaten to extinction.\" width=\"768\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-160x114.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-240x171.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-375x267.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Abalone_shell_pile-520x370.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">White abalone was so popular that it was nearly eaten to extinction. These shells sit outside a Monterey market in 1930. \u003ccite>(Richard S. Crocker/Online Archive of California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Size limits on what divers could catch were intended to protect abalone so they could mature and reproduce. But it wasn’t enough to prevent the numbers from dwindling to a crisis point. The scattered survivors were too far apart for their ejected sperm and eggs to mingle, so spawning was rarely successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government eventually realized closing the fishery wasn’t enough, so they made collection of all abalone a federal crime in 1997. (One exception for abalone diving remains: there’s still a legal, recreational red abalone fishery north of San Francisco.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in 2001, white abalone became the first marine invertebrate to receive federal protection as an endangered species after the population had declined by almost \u003ca href=\"http://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/pr/species/esa/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">99 percent\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success—or failure—of white abalone now depends on the breeding program at the Bodega Lab, and six other organizations, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Department of Fish and Wildlife\u003c/a> and NOAA, that support the effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first captive breeding attempt at UC Santa Barbara in 2001, the parent abalone created 100,000 juveniles, but almost all of them died due to a fatal wasting disease called withering syndrome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, the \u003ca href=\"http://cimwi.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Channel Islands Marine Resource Institute\u003c/a> in Santa Barbara bred the abalone again and after the Bodega lab received a permit in 2011, it bred animals in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Captive breeding was finally turning a corner. Between 2012 and 2014, the number of abalone that survived to be juveniles increased threefold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are now 8,000 juveniles living in captivity at Bodega’s lab. They haven’t been released into the wild yet because scientists still need to test methods for introduction into the ocean—an environment the animals have never experienced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a make-or-break situation right now with the wild population,” says Aquilino.\u003cb> \u003c/b>“We put them in this mess, so it’s up to us to save them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Abalone Brings Hope \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Pi arrived at the Bodega Lab, Aquilino was excited about breeding him in March. White abalone only spawn once a year so timing is critical. It would be the first breeding of a newly collected abalone in more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even hopeful stories don’t always turn out to be happy ones. In early February, 15 weeks after Pi’s arrival to Bodega, Aquilino sent an email with “cruddy news.” He didn’t survive.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">By 2019, scientists may be ready to release of thousands of young white abalone into the wild.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know why,” she later explained over the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was obviously very sudden and unexpected. He looked fine on Tuesday and then a day later he was no longer holding on to the side of the tank.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late February, Jim Moore, a California Department of Fish and Wildlife shellfish health expert, examined the animal’s tissue, and says “Pi” may have developed a foot infection, though he couldn’t be sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We may never be able to pinpoint cause of death, that is just the way it is sometimes,” says Moore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was some good news for Aquilino and her team. A female white abalone recently captured off the coast of Southern California arrived at the Bodega lab just before Pi’s death—just in time for breeding. They named her “Green 312.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was one of 13 animals that successfully spawned on March 1. For the scientists, it was a big deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1483453 alignright\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial.jpeg\" alt=\"Map_partial\" width=\"370\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial.jpeg 680w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-160x176.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-240x264.jpeg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-375x413.jpeg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/03/Map_partial-520x572.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\">“\u003cem>Pretty cool that there are new genes in the program for the first time in 14 years!!!\u003c/em>” Aquilino said in an email to colleagues a day after the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green 312 and four other female abalone from the original captive group produced about 14 million eggs. By the next morning, scientists woke up to find millions of embryos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was lucky enough to witness one of the embryos from the wild female hatching under the scope this morning, Aquilino wrote, “which was a first for me and super duper exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bodega Marine Lab and six other agencies have a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/stories/2016/02/docs/white__abalone_spotlight_species_5_year_action_plan_final_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">five-year plan\u003c/a> and expect to be ready in about two years for a release of thousands of young white abalone into the wild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
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