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"disqusTitle": "Attorneys Poised at Bay Area Airports for New Trump Travel Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>A dozen or so civil rights attorneys from several immigrant advocacy groups stationed themselves outside the arrivals area for foreign flights at San Francisco International Airport on Thursday, the day President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/29/trump-travel-ban-close-family-ties-job-offers-deemed-bona-fide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">revised travel ban is due to take effect\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organizations also deployed attorneys to airports in San Jose and Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Trump administration's first order blocking U.S. entry from seven Muslim-majority nations went into effect in January, it \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/29/trump-travel-ban-continues-to-spread-confusion-protests/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">created chaos\u003c/a> at airports across the country. The latest version of the executive order, banning a narrower group of visitors and refugees from six of those countries, is so far marked by quiet confusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revised executive order blocks U.S. entry for certain travelers from Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/26/supreme-court-will-rule-on-president-trumps-travel-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Under a ruling Monday from the U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a>, the federal government may bar people from those countries if they lack a \"bona fide relationship with any person or entity in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The biggest challenge right now is that there is so much uncertainty about how this version of the ban will play out,\" said Zahra Billoo, executive director for the Bay Area chapter of the Council on American-Islamic Relations, who was at SFO. \"For example, just last night we learned that grandparents and fiances would not be considered close enough relatives to come into the United States, according to the government’s interpretation of the court opinion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billoo referred to direction from the U.S. Department of State, distributed Wednesday night and \u003ca href=\"http://live.reuters.com/Event/Live_US_Politics/989297085\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">published by Reuters\u003c/a>. Government attorneys reportedly scrambled this week to write guidelines to comply with the Supreme Court ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department cable, according to Reuters, gives the following direction on what constitutes a \"bona fide\" familial connection to the U.S.:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Close family” is defined as a parent (including parent-in-law), spouse, child, adult son or daughter, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, sibling, whether whole or half. This includes step relationships. “Close family” does not include grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, brothers-laws and sisters-in-law, fiancés, and any other “extended” family members.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>People with documented relationships to U.S. entities, like universities or businesses, would also be exempt from the ban, but only if authorities believe the relationship wasn't created simply to thwart the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the Departments of State, Justice and Homeland Security held a \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2017/06/272281.htm\">background briefing\u003c/a> call with reporters Thursday morning to begin to explain the new order, which will be implemented as of 5 p.m. PT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Travelers from the six countries who already have visas and show up at U.S. ports of entry will be allowed to enter the United States, unless the government has some other reason for not admitting them, according to one senior administration official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another official said that refugees who have booked travel through July 6 will be admitted and will not be subject to the ban's restrictions. However, going forward, a relationship with a refugee resettlement agency will not be considered a \"bona fide\" relationship with a U.S. entity, so refugees who lack other relationships may be kept out, the official added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/29/qa-border-officers-will-play-key-role-in-enforcing-travel-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a> expects \"business as usual\" at the nation's airports and other ports of entry Thursday, according to a statement from the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"U.S. Customs and Border Protection Officers have received guidance on the Supreme Court ruling and the President's Executive Order and will carry out their duties in accordance with the law and regulations,\" the statement says, adding that the order only applies to people seeking entry to the U.S. after the order takes effect. Those who had approved visas on Wednesday, for example, would not be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would not affect persons who arrive at our ports of entry with legitimate travel documents,\" the statement continues. \"The professional men and women of CBP expect 'business as usual' at our ports of entry upon implementation of the March 6 Executive Order today [Thursday, June 29].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billoo and other lawyers at SFO were poised to assess the affect of the travel ban and to provide information and legal aid to families and associates of travelers if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that as of late Thursday morning, her organization was unaware of a single detention related to the executive order, but she expects that to change over the next three months that the order is slated to be in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re really worried that the Trump administration will be emboldened by the Supreme Court decision,\" said Billoo. \"Our concern is that this is an administration that has issued not one but two Muslim bans and then amended the second one so it would be in effect right now. There is a possibility that they will attempt to add more countries or extend the timeline on these bans, which is why it’s so important that advocates and allies stay vigilant and continue to resist.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The interim executive order will remain in effect until the U.S. Supreme Court rules on the constitutionality of the Trump administration's original order. The court is due to take up the case in October.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A dozen or so civil rights attorneys from several immigrant advocacy groups stationed themselves outside the arrivals area for foreign flights at San Francisco International Airport on Thursday, the day President Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/29/trump-travel-ban-close-family-ties-job-offers-deemed-bona-fide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">revised travel ban is due to take effect\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organizations also deployed attorneys to airports in San Jose and Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Trump administration's first order blocking U.S. entry from seven Muslim-majority nations went into effect in January, it \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/29/trump-travel-ban-continues-to-spread-confusion-protests/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">created chaos\u003c/a> at airports across the country. The latest version of the executive order, banning a narrower group of visitors and refugees from six of those countries, is so far marked by quiet confusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The revised executive order blocks U.S. entry for certain travelers from Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/26/supreme-court-will-rule-on-president-trumps-travel-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Under a ruling Monday from the U.S. Supreme Court\u003c/a>, the federal government may bar people from those countries if they lack a \"bona fide relationship with any person or entity in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The biggest challenge right now is that there is so much uncertainty about how this version of the ban will play out,\" said Zahra Billoo, executive director for the Bay Area chapter of the Council on American-Islamic Relations, who was at SFO. \"For example, just last night we learned that grandparents and fiances would not be considered close enough relatives to come into the United States, according to the government’s interpretation of the court opinion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billoo referred to direction from the U.S. Department of State, distributed Wednesday night and \u003ca href=\"http://live.reuters.com/Event/Live_US_Politics/989297085\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">published by Reuters\u003c/a>. Government attorneys reportedly scrambled this week to write guidelines to comply with the Supreme Court ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department cable, according to Reuters, gives the following direction on what constitutes a \"bona fide\" familial connection to the U.S.:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Close family” is defined as a parent (including parent-in-law), spouse, child, adult son or daughter, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, sibling, whether whole or half. This includes step relationships. “Close family” does not include grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, brothers-laws and sisters-in-law, fiancés, and any other “extended” family members.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>People with documented relationships to U.S. entities, like universities or businesses, would also be exempt from the ban, but only if authorities believe the relationship wasn't created simply to thwart the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the Departments of State, Justice and Homeland Security held a \u003ca href=\"https://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2017/06/272281.htm\">background briefing\u003c/a> call with reporters Thursday morning to begin to explain the new order, which will be implemented as of 5 p.m. PT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Travelers from the six countries who already have visas and show up at U.S. ports of entry will be allowed to enter the United States, unless the government has some other reason for not admitting them, according to one senior administration official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another official said that refugees who have booked travel through July 6 will be admitted and will not be subject to the ban's restrictions. However, going forward, a relationship with a refugee resettlement agency will not be considered a \"bona fide\" relationship with a U.S. entity, so refugees who lack other relationships may be kept out, the official added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/29/qa-border-officers-will-play-key-role-in-enforcing-travel-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">U.S. Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a> expects \"business as usual\" at the nation's airports and other ports of entry Thursday, according to a statement from the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"U.S. Customs and Border Protection Officers have received guidance on the Supreme Court ruling and the President's Executive Order and will carry out their duties in accordance with the law and regulations,\" the statement says, adding that the order only applies to people seeking entry to the U.S. after the order takes effect. Those who had approved visas on Wednesday, for example, would not be affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It would not affect persons who arrive at our ports of entry with legitimate travel documents,\" the statement continues. \"The professional men and women of CBP expect 'business as usual' at our ports of entry upon implementation of the March 6 Executive Order today [Thursday, June 29].\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billoo and other lawyers at SFO were poised to assess the affect of the travel ban and to provide information and legal aid to families and associates of travelers if needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that as of late Thursday morning, her organization was unaware of a single detention related to the executive order, but she expects that to change over the next three months that the order is slated to be in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We’re really worried that the Trump administration will be emboldened by the Supreme Court decision,\" said Billoo. \"Our concern is that this is an administration that has issued not one but two Muslim bans and then amended the second one so it would be in effect right now. There is a possibility that they will attempt to add more countries or extend the timeline on these bans, which is why it’s so important that advocates and allies stay vigilant and continue to resist.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The interim executive order will remain in effect until the U.S. Supreme Court rules on the constitutionality of the Trump administration's original order. The court is due to take up the case in October.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Vows Fight After House OKs Law to Punish Sanctuary Cities",
"title": "California Vows Fight After House OKs Law to Punish Sanctuary Cities",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Republicans in the House of Representatives pushed through two bills Thursday that would punish so-called \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/07/10/explainer-what-are-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sanctuary cities\u003c/a> and people who re-enter the country after being deported -- and would codify into law much of what President Trump has tried to do by \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/22/justice-department-narrows-scope-of-sanctuary-cities-executive-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not the measures -- one known as Kate's Law, after San Francisco murder victim Kate Steinle -- will be able to get through the Senate remains unclear. Plus, if the bills are signed into law, immigrant rights advocates say they will sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote came as California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/Multi-state%20FOIA%20Request%20to%20Federal%20Immigration%20Agencies%2006.29.17.pdf?\">joined nine other attorneys general\u003c/a> in asking the Trump administration to hand over information about its immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Seeking Immigration Information\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The group wants information about the administration's policies on immigration enforcement at sensitive places, including schools and hospitals. They're also asking for details on how the Department of Homeland Security is treating “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/6-things-to-know-about-trumps-reversal-on-dreamers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dreamers\u003c/a>” -- young people who came to the U.S. as minors and had been granted legal status by President Barack Obama -- and how many have been deported under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11539279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11539279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ccite>(Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The attorneys general also want to know details of a controversial program, which asks local jails to detain people for immigration authorities. Known as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/07/16/california-pushes-back-against-secure-communities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Secure Communities\u003c/a>, it was started under Bush and then expanded and later halted by Obama. The program has been ruled unconstitutional in some courts, and was revived by Trump earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mixed messages from the Trump Administration on immigration enforcement are sowing confusion and increasing anxiety among immigrants,” said Becerra in a written statement. “Today we ask the administration to tell us what it is doing in this area. It’s a simple request that will go a long way towards helping inform California’s residents about how policies have actually changed, and how changes affect their rights. I will continue to protect the people of our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Freedom of Information Act request comes one day after Becerra filed a brief in support of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/s-f-files-suit-against-trump-saying-punishing-sanctuary-cities-is-illegal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco's lawsuit against the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is challenging \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/27/attorney-general-threatens-to-withhold-funds-from-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an executive order\u003c/a> that the president issued shortly after taking office, which sought to withhold federal funds from local governments refusing to use their law enforcement officers in federal immigration enforcement. That executive order \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/25/federal-judge-blocks-trump-order-on-sanctuary-city-funding/\">was put on hold\u003c/a> by a San Francisco judge in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of what was in the executive order is mirrored by the legislation passed by the House of Representatives on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>New Legislation Tackles Old Fights\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_028_xml.pdf\">legislation\u003c/a>, by Republicans Bob Goodlatte of Virginia, Steve King of Iowa and Andy Biggs of Arizona, prohibits governments from restricting cooperation with federal immigration enforcement and declares those that do will be ineligible for three law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also attempts to address some of the issues the Obama administration ran into with the Secure Communities program, which asked local sheriffs to keep people who were suspected of being in the country illegally in their jails until Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials picked them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many cities, including San Francisco, refused to comply with the so-called ICE detainers, saying they could not be forced to enforce federal immigration laws. Others balked after courts ruled, in response to lawsuits against sheriffs, that prolonged detentions based on the detainers violated the Fourth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new legislation says a detainer amounts to probable cause if the Department of Homeland Security secretary has “reasonable grounds to believe” they are deportable, if they are the subject of current deportation proceedings or have been previously deported, or if the person has made statements that they are deportable. It also gives local jurisdictions legal immunity if they comply with detainers. And, it lets families sue cities and counties if they declined to honor a detainer and the person released later harmed someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, the lack of immigration enforcement and the spread of dangerous sanctuary policies have failed the American people and cost too many lives,\" said Goodlatte in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_029_xml.pdf\">second bill\u003c/a> imposes longer prison sentences on people who are deported and then re-enter the U.S. It is named for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/08/s-f-waterfront-shooting-elicits-strong-responses-from-politicians/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kate Steinle\u003c/a>, who was walking along the San Francisco waterfront in 2015 when she was hit by gunfire and killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities arrested Juan Francisco Lopez, an undocumented immigrant who had recently been released from San Francisco jail and had previously been deported five times, in Steinle's shooting death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10590607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-e1436211867292.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10590607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1. \u003ccite>(Susan Cohen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/06/29/the-story-behind-kates-law-and-how-it-could-change-immigration-policies-in-the-u-s/?utm_term=.9d6086fdb156\">second attempt for supporters of Kate's Law\u003c/a> -- a similar bill passed the House in 2015 but failed in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Chan, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus who has worked on Secure Communities issues for years, said she believes many of the provisions in the legislation aimed at punishing sanctuary cities would not stand up in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The basic \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem is that ICE detainers are not based on probable cause; they are not signed by a judge,\" she said. \"No matte\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">r how Congress defines probable cause ... there are still basic Fourth Amendment issues with these detainers.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fourth Amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures. But Chan said there's another constitutional problem with the legislation: The 10th Amendment, which ensures states' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are trying to coerce local governments into enforcing federal immigration law, and the 10th Amendment was written to ensure states are not commandeered by the federal government,\" she said. \"If the Senate does pass this, and I don't think that's likely, there are certainly good reasons to litigate it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan also argued that \"Kate's Law\" won't make anyone safer -- it will only benefit private prison companies, who have contracts with the federal government for immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Rep. David Valadao, a Republican who represents Kings County in Congress, had a different take. He said in a statement that the bills are steps toward fixing a \"broken\" immigration system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\"Since coming to Congress, I have been a vocal advocate of reforming every aspect of our broken immigration system, including implementing reforms to ensure undocumented immigrants who have committed violent crimes are not allowed to return to the United States,\" he said. \"By enhancing penalties for deported felons, we can prevent these needless crimes from ever taking place.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Republicans in the House of Representatives pushed through two bills Thursday that would punish so-called \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/07/10/explainer-what-are-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sanctuary cities\u003c/a> and people who re-enter the country after being deported -- and would codify into law much of what President Trump has tried to do by \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/22/justice-department-narrows-scope-of-sanctuary-cities-executive-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">executive order\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But whether or not the measures -- one known as Kate's Law, after San Francisco murder victim Kate Steinle -- will be able to get through the Senate remains unclear. Plus, if the bills are signed into law, immigrant rights advocates say they will sue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vote came as California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press_releases/Multi-state%20FOIA%20Request%20to%20Federal%20Immigration%20Agencies%2006.29.17.pdf?\">joined nine other attorneys general\u003c/a> in asking the Trump administration to hand over information about its immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Seeking Immigration Information\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The group wants information about the administration's policies on immigration enforcement at sensitive places, including schools and hospitals. They're also asking for details on how the Department of Homeland Security is treating “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/19/6-things-to-know-about-trumps-reversal-on-dreamers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dreamers\u003c/a>” -- young people who came to the U.S. as minors and had been granted legal status by President Barack Obama -- and how many have been deported under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11539279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11539279\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/RS24780_GettyImages-157556522-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ccite>(Brendan Hoffman/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The attorneys general also want to know details of a controversial program, which asks local jails to detain people for immigration authorities. Known as \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/07/16/california-pushes-back-against-secure-communities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Secure Communities\u003c/a>, it was started under Bush and then expanded and later halted by Obama. The program has been ruled unconstitutional in some courts, and was revived by Trump earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mixed messages from the Trump Administration on immigration enforcement are sowing confusion and increasing anxiety among immigrants,” said Becerra in a written statement. “Today we ask the administration to tell us what it is doing in this area. It’s a simple request that will go a long way towards helping inform California’s residents about how policies have actually changed, and how changes affect their rights. I will continue to protect the people of our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Freedom of Information Act request comes one day after Becerra filed a brief in support of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/s-f-files-suit-against-trump-saying-punishing-sanctuary-cities-is-illegal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco's lawsuit against the Trump administration\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city is challenging \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/27/attorney-general-threatens-to-withhold-funds-from-sanctuary-cities/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an executive order\u003c/a> that the president issued shortly after taking office, which sought to withhold federal funds from local governments refusing to use their law enforcement officers in federal immigration enforcement. That executive order \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/04/25/federal-judge-blocks-trump-order-on-sanctuary-city-funding/\">was put on hold\u003c/a> by a San Francisco judge in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of what was in the executive order is mirrored by the legislation passed by the House of Representatives on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>New Legislation Tackles Old Fights\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_028_xml.pdf\">legislation\u003c/a>, by Republicans Bob Goodlatte of Virginia, Steve King of Iowa and Andy Biggs of Arizona, prohibits governments from restricting cooperation with federal immigration enforcement and declares those that do will be ineligible for three law enforcement grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also attempts to address some of the issues the Obama administration ran into with the Secure Communities program, which asked local sheriffs to keep people who were suspected of being in the country illegally in their jails until Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials picked them up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many cities, including San Francisco, refused to comply with the so-called ICE detainers, saying they could not be forced to enforce federal immigration laws. Others balked after courts ruled, in response to lawsuits against sheriffs, that prolonged detentions based on the detainers violated the Fourth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new legislation says a detainer amounts to probable cause if the Department of Homeland Security secretary has “reasonable grounds to believe” they are deportable, if they are the subject of current deportation proceedings or have been previously deported, or if the person has made statements that they are deportable. It also gives local jurisdictions legal immunity if they comply with detainers. And, it lets families sue cities and counties if they declined to honor a detainer and the person released later harmed someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, the lack of immigration enforcement and the spread of dangerous sanctuary policies have failed the American people and cost too many lives,\" said Goodlatte in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://judiciary.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/GOODLA_029_xml.pdf\">second bill\u003c/a> imposes longer prison sentences on people who are deported and then re-enter the U.S. It is named for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/08/s-f-waterfront-shooting-elicits-strong-responses-from-politicians/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kate Steinle\u003c/a>, who was walking along the San Francisco waterfront in 2015 when she was hit by gunfire and killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities arrested Juan Francisco Lopez, an undocumented immigrant who had recently been released from San Francisco jail and had previously been deported five times, in Steinle's shooting death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10590607\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-e1436211867292.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10590607\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/IMG_3368.JPG-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial for Kate Steinle on San Francisco's Pier 14, where she was fatally shot on July 1. \u003ccite>(Susan Cohen/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/06/29/the-story-behind-kates-law-and-how-it-could-change-immigration-policies-in-the-u-s/?utm_term=.9d6086fdb156\">second attempt for supporters of Kate's Law\u003c/a> -- a similar bill passed the House in 2015 but failed in the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angela Chan, an attorney with the Asian Law Caucus who has worked on Secure Communities issues for years, said she believes many of the provisions in the legislation aimed at punishing sanctuary cities would not stand up in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The basic \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">problem is that ICE detainers are not based on probable cause; they are not signed by a judge,\" she said. \"No matte\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">r how Congress defines probable cause ... there are still basic Fourth Amendment issues with these detainers.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fourth Amendment protects people from unreasonable search and seizures. But Chan said there's another constitutional problem with the legislation: The 10th Amendment, which ensures states' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are trying to coerce local governments into enforcing federal immigration law, and the 10th Amendment was written to ensure states are not commandeered by the federal government,\" she said. \"If the Senate does pass this, and I don't think that's likely, there are certainly good reasons to litigate it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan also argued that \"Kate's Law\" won't make anyone safer -- it will only benefit private prison companies, who have contracts with the federal government for immigration detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Rep. David Valadao, a Republican who represents Kings County in Congress, had a different take. He said in a statement that the bills are steps toward fixing a \"broken\" immigration system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\"Since coming to Congress, I have been a vocal advocate of reforming every aspect of our broken immigration system, including implementing reforms to ensure undocumented immigrants who have committed violent crimes are not allowed to return to the United States,\" he said. \"By enhancing penalties for deported felons, we can prevent these needless crimes from ever taking place.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. — The California Supreme Court is declining to take a case that seeks to invalidate a key component of California’s effort to combat climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court’s decision on Wednesday leaves in place a ruling by the California Court of Appeal. The lower court sided with Gov. Jerry Brown’s administration in a 2-1 ruling that says state regulators can auction permits that allow companies to release greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”OEVxkHlw3VAjSYTGKoleKg8xcHCfPWCr”]Businesses and the California Chamber of Commerce appealed the ruling. They contend the auctions are an illegal tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auctions are part of California’s cap-and-trade program and have raised billions of dollars for high-speed rail, green-energy programs, electric-vehicle incentives and other efforts to combat greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown is looking to extend the cap-and-trade program beyond its expiration in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SACRAMENTO, Calif. — The California Supreme Court is declining to take a case that seeks to invalidate a key component of California’s effort to combat climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court’s decision on Wednesday leaves in place a ruling by the California Court of Appeal. The lower court sided with Gov. Jerry Brown’s administration in a 2-1 ruling that says state regulators can auction permits that allow companies to release greenhouse gases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Businesses and the California Chamber of Commerce appealed the ruling. They contend the auctions are an illegal tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auctions are part of California’s cap-and-trade program and have raised billions of dollars for high-speed rail, green-energy programs, electric-vehicle incentives and other efforts to combat greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown is looking to extend the cap-and-trade program beyond its expiration in 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Q&A: Border Officers Will Play Key Role in Enforcing Travel Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers will be key players in putting President Trump’s\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/29/trump-travel-ban-close-family-ties-job-offers-deemed-bona-fide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> revised travel ban into effect on Thursday\u003c/a>, which will primarily affect visitors from six mostly Muslim countries: Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/26/supreme-court-will-rule-on-president-trumps-travel-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on Monday lifting a stay on the executive order\u003c/a> imposed by two lower courts, the Trump administration outlined how it will begin to implement its modified ban. \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/16pdf/16-1436_l6hc.pdf\">The court ruled Monday\u003c/a> that the ban cannot be applied to “foreign nationals who have a credible claim of bona fide relationship with a person or entity in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”ghtjXAdHFyovWEJA4tdZZnAsadWpEHB9″]The Customs and Border Protection officers are the officials dressed in blue who are stationed at airports and border crossings and screen people coming into the U.S. They stamp passports, inspect travel documents, confiscate drugs and other illicit items, and make sure belongings and purchases are properly declared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These officers were embroiled in the ensuing \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/01/29/confusion-protests-over-president-trumps-immigration-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chaos \u003c/a>when an earlier version of the president’s travel ban took effect, forcing them to turn away visa holders who were later allowed in. And they will be in the mix again for the new ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at what they do:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WHAT IS CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency was created as part of the Department of Homeland Security in 2003 after the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon. Its largest division — the Office of Field Operations — admits people and goods at 328 airports, land crossings and seaports. They admitted 390 million travelers during the fiscal year that ended Sept. 30, including 119 million at airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the work done by the agency is at border crossings along the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The busiest point of entry is San Diego’s San Ysidro crossing with Tijuana, Mexico, with 31.8 million admissions during the latest 12-month period, an average of 87,000 per day. El Paso, Texas, across from Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, was second-busiest with 28.8 million admissions, followed by San Diego’s Otay Mesa crossing (17.8 million), Laredo, Texas (17.7 million), and New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport (15.9 million).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel ban will mostly affect airports because that’s how visitors from the six countries generally arrive. Aside from JFK, the only airports to crack the top 20 in passenger volume are Miami International (No. 11), Los Angeles International (No. 12) and San Francisco International (No. 20).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>HOW WILL OFFICERS ENFORCE THE TRAVEL BAN?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration this week set new criteria for visa applicants from the six countries and for all refugees, requiring a “close” family or business tie to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visas that have already been approved will not be revoked, but instructions issued by the State Department say that new applicants from the six countries must prove a relationship with a parent, spouse, child, adult son or daughter, son-in-law, daughter-in-law or sibling already in the United States to be eligible. The same requirement, with some exceptions, holds for would-be refugees from all nations that are still awaiting approval for admission to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law, fiances or other extended family members are not considered to be close relationships, according to the guidelines that were issued in a cable sent to all U.S. embassies and consulates late on Wednesday. The new rules take effect at 8 p.m. EDT on Thursday, according to the cable, which was obtained by \u003cem>The Associated Press\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task will fall largely to the State Department but Customs and Border Protection officers would get involved if someone from one of the six countries arrived without a visa or there was a reason to question the validity of their documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WHAT ILLEGAL ACTIVITY DO OFFICERS FIND?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents primarily seize drugs and stop people seeking to enter the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drugs — increasingly heroin and methamphetamine — are commonly smuggled into the United States by car from Mexico. People also enter the country illegally by hiding in trunks or by using someone else’s travel documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers denied admission 274,821 times at airports, land crossings and seaports during the latest fiscal year, an increase of 8 percent from the same period a year earlier. They seized 257 tons of marijuana, 26.3 tons of cocaine, 18.8 tons of methamphetamine and 2.1 tons of heroin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 40 percent of people in the country illegally overstay their visas, and one of the agency’s top priorities is to better track them. The absence of a system for people to check out when they leave the country makes that a daunting and expensive endeavor. Homeland Security said in May that nearly 740,000 foreigners overstayed visas during the latest fiscal year, and that was only for those who arrived by plane or ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>IS IT DIFFERENT THAN BORDER PATROL?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Patrol is another division within the agency. Customs and Border Protection agents wear blue uniforms and patrol ports of entry. Border Patrol agents work areas between and wear green uniforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection is the nation’s largest law enforcement agency, with about 60,000 employees and an annual budget of $13.5 billion. Trump has requested a 21 percent spending increase, partly to build a wall on the border with Mexico and hire more Border Patrol agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WHAT ABOUT THE STAFFING SHORTAGE?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration said this month that it has 1,400 vacancies for officers at ports of entry. Customs and Border Protection has struggled to fill jobs for years, largely because an unusually high number of applicants fail to pass a polygraph that has been a hiring requirement since 2012. One official recently said 75 percent failed, more than double the average among law enforcement agencies surveyed by \u003cem>The Associated Press\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives passed a bill this month to waive the polygraph requirement for many veterans and some other applicants. Customs and Border Protection recently said it was easing some physical fitness and language requirements in hiring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has called for expanding the Border Patrol by 5,000 agents, but has not proposed any increase in officers at airports, land crossings and seaports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Alicia A. Caldwell and Matthew Lee in Washington contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers will be key players in putting President Trump’s\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/29/trump-travel-ban-close-family-ties-job-offers-deemed-bona-fide/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> revised travel ban into effect on Thursday\u003c/a>, which will primarily affect visitors from six mostly Muslim countries: Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/26/supreme-court-will-rule-on-president-trumps-travel-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision on Monday lifting a stay on the executive order\u003c/a> imposed by two lower courts, the Trump administration outlined how it will begin to implement its modified ban. \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/16pdf/16-1436_l6hc.pdf\">The court ruled Monday\u003c/a> that the ban cannot be applied to “foreign nationals who have a credible claim of bona fide relationship with a person or entity in the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>The Customs and Border Protection officers are the officials dressed in blue who are stationed at airports and border crossings and screen people coming into the U.S. They stamp passports, inspect travel documents, confiscate drugs and other illicit items, and make sure belongings and purchases are properly declared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These officers were embroiled in the ensuing \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/01/29/confusion-protests-over-president-trumps-immigration-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chaos \u003c/a>when an earlier version of the president’s travel ban took effect, forcing them to turn away visa holders who were later allowed in. And they will be in the mix again for the new ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at what they do:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WHAT IS CUSTOMS AND BORDER PROTECTION?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency was created as part of the Department of Homeland Security in 2003 after the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon. Its largest division — the Office of Field Operations — admits people and goods at 328 airports, land crossings and seaports. They admitted 390 million travelers during the fiscal year that ended Sept. 30, including 119 million at airports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the work done by the agency is at border crossings along the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The busiest point of entry is San Diego’s San Ysidro crossing with Tijuana, Mexico, with 31.8 million admissions during the latest 12-month period, an average of 87,000 per day. El Paso, Texas, across from Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, was second-busiest with 28.8 million admissions, followed by San Diego’s Otay Mesa crossing (17.8 million), Laredo, Texas (17.7 million), and New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport (15.9 million).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The travel ban will mostly affect airports because that’s how visitors from the six countries generally arrive. Aside from JFK, the only airports to crack the top 20 in passenger volume are Miami International (No. 11), Los Angeles International (No. 12) and San Francisco International (No. 20).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>HOW WILL OFFICERS ENFORCE THE TRAVEL BAN?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration this week set new criteria for visa applicants from the six countries and for all refugees, requiring a “close” family or business tie to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visas that have already been approved will not be revoked, but instructions issued by the State Department say that new applicants from the six countries must prove a relationship with a parent, spouse, child, adult son or daughter, son-in-law, daughter-in-law or sibling already in the United States to be eligible. The same requirement, with some exceptions, holds for would-be refugees from all nations that are still awaiting approval for admission to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law, fiances or other extended family members are not considered to be close relationships, according to the guidelines that were issued in a cable sent to all U.S. embassies and consulates late on Wednesday. The new rules take effect at 8 p.m. EDT on Thursday, according to the cable, which was obtained by \u003cem>The Associated Press\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task will fall largely to the State Department but Customs and Border Protection officers would get involved if someone from one of the six countries arrived without a visa or there was a reason to question the validity of their documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WHAT ILLEGAL ACTIVITY DO OFFICERS FIND?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents primarily seize drugs and stop people seeking to enter the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drugs — increasingly heroin and methamphetamine — are commonly smuggled into the United States by car from Mexico. People also enter the country illegally by hiding in trunks or by using someone else’s travel documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers denied admission 274,821 times at airports, land crossings and seaports during the latest fiscal year, an increase of 8 percent from the same period a year earlier. They seized 257 tons of marijuana, 26.3 tons of cocaine, 18.8 tons of methamphetamine and 2.1 tons of heroin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated 40 percent of people in the country illegally overstay their visas, and one of the agency’s top priorities is to better track them. The absence of a system for people to check out when they leave the country makes that a daunting and expensive endeavor. Homeland Security said in May that nearly 740,000 foreigners overstayed visas during the latest fiscal year, and that was only for those who arrived by plane or ship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>IS IT DIFFERENT THAN BORDER PATROL?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Patrol is another division within the agency. Customs and Border Protection agents wear blue uniforms and patrol ports of entry. Border Patrol agents work areas between and wear green uniforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection is the nation’s largest law enforcement agency, with about 60,000 employees and an annual budget of $13.5 billion. Trump has requested a 21 percent spending increase, partly to build a wall on the border with Mexico and hire more Border Patrol agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WHAT ABOUT THE STAFFING SHORTAGE?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration said this month that it has 1,400 vacancies for officers at ports of entry. Customs and Border Protection has struggled to fill jobs for years, largely because an unusually high number of applicants fail to pass a polygraph that has been a hiring requirement since 2012. One official recently said 75 percent failed, more than double the average among law enforcement agencies surveyed by \u003cem>The Associated Press\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The House of Representatives passed a bill this month to waive the polygraph requirement for many veterans and some other applicants. Customs and Border Protection recently said it was easing some physical fitness and language requirements in hiring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has called for expanding the Border Patrol by 5,000 agents, but has not proposed any increase in officers at airports, land crossings and seaports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writers Alicia A. Caldwell and Matthew Lee in Washington contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Close Family Ties, Job Offers Considered 'Bona Fide' as Trump Travel Ban Takes Effect",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated June 29 at 1:20 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration Thursday outlined how it will implement its modified travel ban, following \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/26/533934989/supreme-court-will-hear-cases-on-president-trumps-travel-ban\">the Supreme Court's decision on Monday lifting a stay on the executive order\u003c/a> imposed by two lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/16pdf/16-1436_l6hc.pdf\">The Supreme Court ruled Monday\u003c/a> that the modified ban cannot be applied to \"foreign nationals who have a credible claim of bona fide relationship with a person or entity in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior U.S. officials who briefed reporters on a conference call, but would not allow themselves to be identified, said the order will allow travelers from Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen to enter the U.S. if they have close family ties. Those ties are defined as a parent, including parent-in-law; spouse; child; adult son or daughter, including son-in-law or daughter-in-law; and sibling, including half and step siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the administration's definition does not include grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law, fiances and other extended family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/534760203/534916115\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the administration's interpretation of the high court's ruling, people who have accepted job offers in the U.S. or an invitation to lecture at a U.S. university may also receive visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The modified order also bars refugees from entering the U.S. for 120 days, though refugees already scheduled to be resettled in the U.S. through July 6 will be allowed to enter the country. And, in keeping with the high court's order, refugees who can show a \"bona fide relationship\" will be allowed entry. But that does not include refugees without qualifying family members in the U.S., even if they have established relationships with resettlement agencies, under the Trump administration's interpretation of the high court's ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In at least a partial victory for the president, the Supreme Court lifted the stay, issued by federal courts in Maryland and Hawaii, that had prevented the order from taking effect, while the justices consider whether the ban is constitutional. During the course of litigation over the revised ban\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>the president directed his administration to begin implementation \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/14/presidential-memorandum-secretary-state-attorney-general-secretary\">\"72 hours after all applicable injunctions are lifted or stayed,\"\u003c/a> which would be Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"F8RvUDrQtEQwNUF1zsz7QKIx52COjHax\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/26/533934989/supreme-court-will-hear-cases-on-president-trumps-travel-ban\">As NPR reported earlier this week\u003c/a>, the initial version of the travel ban, issued Jan. 27, \"caused chaos at airports across the country until it was blocked by a federal judge in Washington state\" on Feb. 3, a ruling that was upheld by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit. That prompted the administration to craft a revised version in March that omitted references to religion and specifically exempted green-card holders. But that order, too, was challenged by lawsuits. It was blocked by lower courts in Maryland and Hawaii, decisions also upheld by appeals courts, and never took effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department said Wednesday that once the order is implemented, it will process visa applications for nationals of affected countries \"as directed by the Executive Order and in full compliance with the Supreme Court's decision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has said the order will be implemented \"in a professional, organized and timely way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Various advocacy groups have been seeking guidance as to what constitutes \"a bona fide relationship\" with a person or entity in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"vBMYBLxu9Y0wfhBjFGW3ApWeBbPcU9bM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Muslim Advocates, a civil rights group, questioned the wisdom of the administration's approach. The State Department guidelines \"are extremely disappointing and troubling,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.muslimadvocates.org/muslim-civil-rights-group-says-guidelines-to-implement-muslim-ban-defy-common-sense/\">the group said\u003c/a>, \"Defining close family to exclude grandparents, cousins, and other relatives defies common sense; it also directly goes against the intent of the Supreme Court's order.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group's statement also said it will have a presence at Dulles Airport outside Washington, D.C., Thursday night to ensure that travelers \"don't get ensnared by this still unconstitutional policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Close+Family+Ties%2C+Job+Offers+Considered+%27Bona+Fide%27+As+Trump+Travel+Ban+Takes+Effect&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated June 29 at 1:20 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration Thursday outlined how it will implement its modified travel ban, following \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/26/533934989/supreme-court-will-hear-cases-on-president-trumps-travel-ban\">the Supreme Court's decision on Monday lifting a stay on the executive order\u003c/a> imposed by two lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/16pdf/16-1436_l6hc.pdf\">The Supreme Court ruled Monday\u003c/a> that the modified ban cannot be applied to \"foreign nationals who have a credible claim of bona fide relationship with a person or entity in the United States.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senior U.S. officials who briefed reporters on a conference call, but would not allow themselves to be identified, said the order will allow travelers from Iran, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen to enter the U.S. if they have close family ties. Those ties are defined as a parent, including parent-in-law; spouse; child; adult son or daughter, including son-in-law or daughter-in-law; and sibling, including half and step siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the administration's definition does not include grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law, fiances and other extended family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/534760203/534916115\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the administration's interpretation of the high court's ruling, people who have accepted job offers in the U.S. or an invitation to lecture at a U.S. university may also receive visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The modified order also bars refugees from entering the U.S. for 120 days, though refugees already scheduled to be resettled in the U.S. through July 6 will be allowed to enter the country. And, in keeping with the high court's order, refugees who can show a \"bona fide relationship\" will be allowed entry. But that does not include refugees without qualifying family members in the U.S., even if they have established relationships with resettlement agencies, under the Trump administration's interpretation of the high court's ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In at least a partial victory for the president, the Supreme Court lifted the stay, issued by federal courts in Maryland and Hawaii, that had prevented the order from taking effect, while the justices consider whether the ban is constitutional. During the course of litigation over the revised ban\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>the president directed his administration to begin implementation \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/14/presidential-memorandum-secretary-state-attorney-general-secretary\">\"72 hours after all applicable injunctions are lifted or stayed,\"\u003c/a> which would be Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/06/26/533934989/supreme-court-will-hear-cases-on-president-trumps-travel-ban\">As NPR reported earlier this week\u003c/a>, the initial version of the travel ban, issued Jan. 27, \"caused chaos at airports across the country until it was blocked by a federal judge in Washington state\" on Feb. 3, a ruling that was upheld by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit. That prompted the administration to craft a revised version in March that omitted references to religion and specifically exempted green-card holders. But that order, too, was challenged by lawsuits. It was blocked by lower courts in Maryland and Hawaii, decisions also upheld by appeals courts, and never took effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department said Wednesday that once the order is implemented, it will process visa applications for nationals of affected countries \"as directed by the Executive Order and in full compliance with the Supreme Court's decision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has said the order will be implemented \"in a professional, organized and timely way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Various advocacy groups have been seeking guidance as to what constitutes \"a bona fide relationship\" with a person or entity in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Muslim Advocates, a civil rights group, questioned the wisdom of the administration's approach. The State Department guidelines \"are extremely disappointing and troubling,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.muslimadvocates.org/muslim-civil-rights-group-says-guidelines-to-implement-muslim-ban-defy-common-sense/\">the group said\u003c/a>, \"Defining close family to exclude grandparents, cousins, and other relatives defies common sense; it also directly goes against the intent of the Supreme Court's order.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group's statement also said it will have a presence at Dulles Airport outside Washington, D.C., Thursday night to ensure that travelers \"don't get ensnared by this still unconstitutional policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Close+Family+Ties%2C+Job+Offers+Considered+%27Bona+Fide%27+As+Trump+Travel+Ban+Takes+Effect&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Cash for Rural Counties Could Dry Up Under Trump",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's called PILT -- a strange-sounding acronym for a program that President Trump has proposed cutting. But it's a program many rural counties say is essential to fund firefighting, search and rescue, and other basic services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officially called Payment in Lieu of Taxes, PILT compensates counties for the basic services they provide on non-taxable federal lands. The Department of Interior announced this week its largest PILT allocation ever, and California, the largest recipient of PILT money, \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/secretary-zinke-senators-and-local-officials-announce-rural-communities-receive-record\">netted $48 million out of a nationwide total of $464 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Interior touted that payment as continuing \"to underscore the Trump Administration’s commitment to rural communities.\" But Trump's 2018 budget provides only $397 million for the program -- a nearly 17 percent decrease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems contradictory to express you have the commitment to rural communities when you’re threatening to cut funding,\" said Rebecca Terrazas-Baxter, director of intergovernmental relations for Imperial County, which gets $3.4 million, or nearly 5 percent of its budget, from PILT payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is an extremely important funding source. If there were to be any cuts to it, it would significantly impact us,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many counties in the rural West, Imperial County is nearly 50 percent federal land (\u003ca href=\"http://i.imgur.com/eYT1svW.jpg\">California is 45 percent\u003c/a>). But the county is still responsible for responding to police, fire and medical calls there, running search-and-rescue missions for people who get lost, and taking out trash. Unlike private landowners, the federal government pays no taxes to support the county services provided on its lands. That's where PILT comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sheriff spends a lot of time on public land,\" Terrazas-Baxter said, especially in the popular off-roading area Glamis Sand Dunes. Over a holiday weekend, the area can draw up to 40,000 people -- in a county of less than 200,000. She says the county needs PILT money to help keep federal lands safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Southern California, Imperial County is most dependent on PILT. Riverside and San Bernardino counties also receive about $3.3 million each from the program, but they are less dependent on the funding because they are larger, more urban and have a more diversified tax base. Each county's budget is more than $5.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed cuts to PILT are even more significant in light of a proposal to eliminate an additional source of federal funding to rural areas: the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/pts/\">Secure Rural Schools \u003c/a>program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program, which funds local education, road building and other basic services in areas \u003ca href=\"https://www.idahoednews.org/news/federal-funding-chopped-budget-cuts-hit-timber-country/\">hit-hard by the decline in logging on public lands\u003c/a>, expired in 2015 and Trump's proposed budget does not re-authorize it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's these sparsely populated, rural counties with large amounts of public land that stand to lose the most if PILT is cut, said Mark Haggerty, an economist with Headwaters Economics, a nonpartisan economic research firm in Bozeman, Montana. He\u003ca href=\"https://headwaterseconomics.org/county-payments/policy-options/presidents-budget-cuts-county-payments/\"> mapped the impact of the proposed federal payment cuts on every county\u003c/a>. He has been working with counties in rural Idaho that are staring down a loss of 40 percent of their budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, those are areas like Trinity, Siskiyou and Plumas counties in the northern part of the state.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A federal program facing cuts under Trump’s budget pays counties for services they provide on federal land such as firefighting, policing and search and rescue.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's called PILT -- a strange-sounding acronym for a program that President Trump has proposed cutting. But it's a program many rural counties say is essential to fund firefighting, search and rescue, and other basic services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officially called Payment in Lieu of Taxes, PILT compensates counties for the basic services they provide on non-taxable federal lands. The Department of Interior announced this week its largest PILT allocation ever, and California, the largest recipient of PILT money, \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/secretary-zinke-senators-and-local-officials-announce-rural-communities-receive-record\">netted $48 million out of a nationwide total of $464 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Interior touted that payment as continuing \"to underscore the Trump Administration’s commitment to rural communities.\" But Trump's 2018 budget provides only $397 million for the program -- a nearly 17 percent decrease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems contradictory to express you have the commitment to rural communities when you’re threatening to cut funding,\" said Rebecca Terrazas-Baxter, director of intergovernmental relations for Imperial County, which gets $3.4 million, or nearly 5 percent of its budget, from PILT payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is an extremely important funding source. If there were to be any cuts to it, it would significantly impact us,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many counties in the rural West, Imperial County is nearly 50 percent federal land (\u003ca href=\"http://i.imgur.com/eYT1svW.jpg\">California is 45 percent\u003c/a>). But the county is still responsible for responding to police, fire and medical calls there, running search-and-rescue missions for people who get lost, and taking out trash. Unlike private landowners, the federal government pays no taxes to support the county services provided on its lands. That's where PILT comes in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sheriff spends a lot of time on public land,\" Terrazas-Baxter said, especially in the popular off-roading area Glamis Sand Dunes. Over a holiday weekend, the area can draw up to 40,000 people -- in a county of less than 200,000. She says the county needs PILT money to help keep federal lands safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Southern California, Imperial County is most dependent on PILT. Riverside and San Bernardino counties also receive about $3.3 million each from the program, but they are less dependent on the funding because they are larger, more urban and have a more diversified tax base. Each county's budget is more than $5.5 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed cuts to PILT are even more significant in light of a proposal to eliminate an additional source of federal funding to rural areas: the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/pts/\">Secure Rural Schools \u003c/a>program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program, which funds local education, road building and other basic services in areas \u003ca href=\"https://www.idahoednews.org/news/federal-funding-chopped-budget-cuts-hit-timber-country/\">hit-hard by the decline in logging on public lands\u003c/a>, expired in 2015 and Trump's proposed budget does not re-authorize it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's these sparsely populated, rural counties with large amounts of public land that stand to lose the most if PILT is cut, said Mark Haggerty, an economist with Headwaters Economics, a nonpartisan economic research firm in Bozeman, Montana. He\u003ca href=\"https://headwaterseconomics.org/county-payments/policy-options/presidents-budget-cuts-county-payments/\"> mapped the impact of the proposed federal payment cuts on every county\u003c/a>. He has been working with counties in rural Idaho that are staring down a loss of 40 percent of their budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, those are areas like Trinity, Siskiyou and Plumas counties in the northern part of the state.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Why the 'O' in San Francisco's Airport Code, SFO?",
"headTitle": "Why the ‘O’ in San Francisco’s Airport Code, SFO? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://addisairport.com/\">ADD\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.flyfresno.com/\">FAT\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/guinea/fria-airport.html\">FIG\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.danangairportonline.com/\">DAD\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://opennav.com/airport/MOM/what-is-the-iata-code-for-letfotar-airport%3F\">MOM\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/brazil/altamira-airport.html\">ATM\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportDetails.do?airportCode=WOW\">WOW\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/canada/estevan-point-airport.html\">YEP\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/germany/sembach-airport.html\">SEX\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://airportcod.es/#airport/sux\">SUX\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nThat short “poem” is not just a string of random words. They’re all airport codes. But how do airports get these codes? To some, certain codes don’t seem to have any rhyme or reason. Which brings us to a question from listener Ruth Suter, who flies in and out of the Bay Area a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Why is the San Francisco airport called SFO?”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SF seems obvious, but where did the O come from? Does it have to do with Oakland? We talked to John Hill at the SFO Museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/bay-curious/2017/06/SFO.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/4731173713_4fff3dbce9_o.jpg\" Title=\"Why the 'O' in San Francisco’s airport code, SFO?\" program=\"Bay Curious\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an interesting story, and it came from the three-letter code distinctions that were established by the International Air Transport Association. Also called IATA. That group was formed in 1945,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before IATA, most airports were identified by the two letters used by the National Weather Service codes. It usually made sense. Los Angeles was LA, Phoenix was PH, San Francisco was SF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But as aviation quickly advanced, and more airports were established, two-letter codes sort of ran out of steam,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To have more options, IATA required airports to have three letters instead of two, increasing the possible combinations from 650 to 15,600.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only real requirement was that no two codes were the same. So as long as everybody had a distinct three-letter code, the system would work,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no universal naming convention, though there are some patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few airports just added an X to the end of their two-letter codes. Like Portland (PDX) and Los Angeles (LAX).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”X4ry0yV8JL4GU1ojPCiKmUbQDrYS5Upl”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other airports decided to use the first three letters of the city’s name, like OAK in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there were airports that took the acronyms of their namesakes, like JFK for New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other codes are inspired by places that are no longer there, or names that are no longer used. Chicago’s O’Hare airport (ORD) was once known as Orchard Field Airport, named after a small town that was once nearby, Orchard Place. In New Orleans, MSY got its name from the Moisant Stock Yards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the codes that seemingly make no sense at all, like EWR for Newark Liberty International Airport. It’s like that because in the United States, codes starting with N can only be used by the Navy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about Ruth’s airport? SFO? Turns out it has nothing to do with Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, Oakland’s Airport started virtually the same time that San Francisco’s did. So it would have been confusing to put those together, and I think Oakland tried to get its own three-letter code from the same time frame as SFO,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With S.F. they simply took an O, which we can assume was convenient to the fact that San Francisco has an O at the end of it,” says Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Why the \"O\" in SFO? And why is one of Chicago's airports coded ORD? And IAD for Dulles?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://addisairport.com/\">ADD\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.flyfresno.com/\">FAT\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/guinea/fria-airport.html\">FIG\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.danangairportonline.com/\">DAD\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://opennav.com/airport/MOM/what-is-the-iata-code-for-letfotar-airport%3F\">MOM\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/brazil/altamira-airport.html\">ATM\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flightstats.com/go/Airport/airportDetails.do?airportCode=WOW\">WOW\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/canada/estevan-point-airport.html\">YEP\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.prokerala.com/travel/airports/germany/sembach-airport.html\">SEX\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"http://airportcod.es/#airport/sux\">SUX\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nThat short “poem” is not just a string of random words. They’re all airport codes. But how do airports get these codes? To some, certain codes don’t seem to have any rhyme or reason. Which brings us to a question from listener Ruth Suter, who flies in and out of the Bay Area a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“Why is the San Francisco airport called SFO?”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SF seems obvious, but where did the O come from? Does it have to do with Oakland? We talked to John Hill at the SFO Museum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an interesting story, and it came from the three-letter code distinctions that were established by the International Air Transport Association. Also called IATA. That group was formed in 1945,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before IATA, most airports were identified by the two letters used by the National Weather Service codes. It usually made sense. Los Angeles was LA, Phoenix was PH, San Francisco was SF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But as aviation quickly advanced, and more airports were established, two-letter codes sort of ran out of steam,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To have more options, IATA required airports to have three letters instead of two, increasing the possible combinations from 650 to 15,600.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only real requirement was that no two codes were the same. So as long as everybody had a distinct three-letter code, the system would work,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no universal naming convention, though there are some patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few airports just added an X to the end of their two-letter codes. Like Portland (PDX) and Los Angeles (LAX).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other airports decided to use the first three letters of the city’s name, like OAK in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there were airports that took the acronyms of their namesakes, like JFK for New York’s John F. Kennedy International Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other codes are inspired by places that are no longer there, or names that are no longer used. Chicago’s O’Hare airport (ORD) was once known as Orchard Field Airport, named after a small town that was once nearby, Orchard Place. In New Orleans, MSY got its name from the Moisant Stock Yards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are the codes that seemingly make no sense at all, like EWR for Newark Liberty International Airport. It’s like that because in the United States, codes starting with N can only be used by the Navy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what about Ruth’s airport? SFO? Turns out it has nothing to do with Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, Oakland’s Airport started virtually the same time that San Francisco’s did. So it would have been confusing to put those together, and I think Oakland tried to get its own three-letter code from the same time frame as SFO,” Hill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With S.F. they simply took an O, which we can assume was convenient to the fact that San Francisco has an O at the end of it,” says Hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Ford GoBike is off and rolling — the Bay Area’s revamped regional bike-share system launched Wednesday with a ceremony in San Francisco — but not without running into a potentially nasty political pothole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But first things first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The launch:\u003c/strong> The newly dedicated system, sponsored by and with a $49 million investment from Ford Motor Co., hit the streets with about 450 of its blue bicycles available at 37 docking stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new bike stations, the first of more than 300 eventually planned across the city, are located in the Financial District, South of Market and Civic Center neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford GoBike has scheduled its East Bay rollout — details to be announced — for July 11. The system’s share bikes will be launched in San Jose sometime the week of July 10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford GoBike, operated by New York City-based Motivate, plans to have 7,000 bikes on the street by the end of 2018: 4,500 in San Francisco, 1,000 in San Jose, and a total of 1,500 in Oakland, Emeryville and Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now we come to the bit of rough pavement the shiny new bike system just encountered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the pothole:\u003c/strong> If you’ve been following the Ford GoBike story, it’s been kind of all good news, all the time, starting with last year’s announcement that Ford would foot most of the bill for the system and continuing with the plan to offer very user-friendly rates to low-income riders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that happy narrative changed a bit on Tuesday, when the San Francisco County Transportation Authority board voted to hold up $255,000 in clean-air funding that would support part of Ford GoBike’s future expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency’s board is made up of the full San Francisco Board of Supervisors. It withheld the money after Supervisor Aaron Peskin, who acts as chair of the transportation authority body, expressed concern about the effect Ford GoBike might have on the city’s long-established bike-rental firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue, in brief: The expanded bike-share system was offering a $15 “Go Pass” that would provide unlimited rides up to three hours in length over a 24-hour period. Rental companies complained to Mayor Ed Lee, whose office has tried to negotiate an agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motivate, the Ford GoBike operator, killed the “Go Pass” in favor of a day pass similar to those offered in Chicago and New York. For $10, riders get unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period — and pay extra if any of those rides go over half an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The existing mom-and-pop bike-rental companies … have been there forever and ever,” and are local employers that are important to the city’s tourist industry, Peskin told the transportation board Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peskin said he’d been involved in “productive” talks with Motivate and the mayor’s office, but that the rental companies’ issues had not been fully resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to continue to hold that $255,000, pending what I think will be — I hate to use the cliche term — a win-win resolution of this in the next couple of weeks,” Peskin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board gave unanimous approval to delaying the funding, which could be considered again as early as the agency’s July 11 meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motivate spokeswoman Dani Simons told KQED’s Jeremy Siegel on Wednesday the company doesn’t want to replace the rental firms and is trying to respond to those worries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have had regular meetings and working group sessions with the bike rental companies, and we’re fully committed to continuing those conversations,” Simons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Withholding the $255,000 wouldn’t appear to have any immediate effect on Ford GoBike’s expansion plans. The money would go to help the city’s planning and permits for the final phase of the buildout in the city late next year. That would involve the installation of 96 bike stations and 1,350 bikes in the western half of the city — north and south of Golden Gate Park and near San Francisco State.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford GoBike, operated by New York City-based Motivate, plans to have 7,000 bikes on the street by the end of 2018: 4,500 in San Francisco, 1,000 in San Jose, and a total of 1,500 in Oakland, Emeryville and Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now we come to the bit of rough pavement the shiny new bike system just encountered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the pothole:\u003c/strong> If you’ve been following the Ford GoBike story, it’s been kind of all good news, all the time, starting with last year’s announcement that Ford would foot most of the bill for the system and continuing with the plan to offer very user-friendly rates to low-income riders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that happy narrative changed a bit on Tuesday, when the San Francisco County Transportation Authority board voted to hold up $255,000 in clean-air funding that would support part of Ford GoBike’s future expansion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency’s board is made up of the full San Francisco Board of Supervisors. It withheld the money after Supervisor Aaron Peskin, who acts as chair of the transportation authority body, expressed concern about the effect Ford GoBike might have on the city’s long-established bike-rental firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue, in brief: The expanded bike-share system was offering a $15 “Go Pass” that would provide unlimited rides up to three hours in length over a 24-hour period. Rental companies complained to Mayor Ed Lee, whose office has tried to negotiate an agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motivate, the Ford GoBike operator, killed the “Go Pass” in favor of a day pass similar to those offered in Chicago and New York. For $10, riders get unlimited 30-minute rides in a 24-hour period — and pay extra if any of those rides go over half an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The existing mom-and-pop bike-rental companies … have been there forever and ever,” and are local employers that are important to the city’s tourist industry, Peskin told the transportation board Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peskin said he’d been involved in “productive” talks with Motivate and the mayor’s office, but that the rental companies’ issues had not been fully resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to continue to hold that $255,000, pending what I think will be — I hate to use the cliche term — a win-win resolution of this in the next couple of weeks,” Peskin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board gave unanimous approval to delaying the funding, which could be considered again as early as the agency’s July 11 meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motivate spokeswoman Dani Simons told KQED’s Jeremy Siegel on Wednesday the company doesn’t want to replace the rental firms and is trying to respond to those worries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have had regular meetings and working group sessions with the bike rental companies, and we’re fully committed to continuing those conversations,” Simons said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Withholding the $255,000 wouldn’t appear to have any immediate effect on Ford GoBike’s expansion plans. The money would go to help the city’s planning and permits for the final phase of the buildout in the city late next year. That would involve the installation of 96 bike stations and 1,350 bikes in the western half of the city — north and south of Golden Gate Park and near San Francisco State.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After 10 years, the Treasure Island Music Festival is taking a breather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two-day festival, held annually since 2007 on man-made Treasure Island, will not return this year, organizers said Wednesday in a press release. The festival is expected to return in 2018 at a different location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Although the event will no longer be held on Treasure Island, there are no plans to change the festival’s name, if for no other reason than to pay homage to the historic little island that was home to the event for a decade,” said the release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Festival organizers Another Planet Entertainment and Noise Pop have yet to announce where the festival will take place in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hiatus comes after \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2016/10/17/photos-and-highlights-from-timf-10-a-rain-soaked-final-fest-on-the-island/\">last year’s festival\u003c/a> was fraught with heavy rain and other issues. The decision to relocate was determined prior to the festival, as construction for the landmark Treasure Island Development project began in March last year on the island’s western shoreline. This resulted in a last-minute relocation for the festival from the Great Lawn to a barren area on the southeast corner of the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some acts, including How to Dress Well and Glass Animals, performed abridged sets due to the heavy rain. Others, such as DJs Duke Dumont and Flight Facilities, cancelled their sets outright. To make up for his cancellation, James Blake performed a show at the Fox Theater the Monday after the festival that was free to festival ticketholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">“Last year’s festival had no impact on the decision to not hold a festival in 2017,” said Alex Scott, executive vice president at Another Planet Entertainment. “We are simply taking the time it takes to finalize the new location, making sure the new site will be one we can settle into for the foreseeable future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previous iterations of Treasure Island Music Festival, which officially launched in 2007, were headlined by the likes of Outkast, Beck, LCD Soundsystem and Major Lazer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-12127869\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-800x78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>In an era where people are protesting noisily around the country, we’re looking for stories of quiet resistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opting out of the status quo doesn’t have to make a big political statement. Sometimes little acts of dissent can bring about big change. In fact, we tend to forget how much “the power of no” is part of our everyday lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re interested in the reasons why people decide to say no to the apparently minor things that most of us are conditioned to say yes to, and what happens to them and their communities when they refuse to participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Please take our \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1QJCqXE5vvlU2xlRWpwNUjXDKOw0sjmqCtQXOKMILQdQ/edit?ts=594068fe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">short survey\u003c/a> to tell us your story:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1QJCqXE5vvlU2xlRWpwNUjXDKOw0sjmqCtQXOKMILQdQ/edit?ts=594068fe\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some examples of the sorts of stories we’re interested in hearing — though please don’t limit yourself to these archetypes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A member of a group of political activists (e.g., a student or environmental group) who decides not to participate in a particular action with the rest of the group.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A person who won’t work more than 40 hours a week on principle even in a workplace where working long hours is the norm.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A high-performing student who chooses not to attend a four-year university.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">A parent who chooses not to send their kid(s) to a private or charter school, and instead puts them in the local public school, when their peers actively searched out, applied for and sent their kid(s) to private or charter schools.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">A couple in a community where everyone typically has lots of children who decide not to have kids.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A prom king or queen who decides not to go to the school prom, even though everyone in their peer group is going.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In an era where people are protesting noisily around the country, we’re looking for stories of quiet resistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opting out of the status quo doesn’t have to make a big political statement. Sometimes little acts of dissent can bring about big change. In fact, we tend to forget how much “the power of no” is part of our everyday lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re interested in the reasons why people decide to say no to the apparently minor things that most of us are conditioned to say yes to, and what happens to them and their communities when they refuse to participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Please take our \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1QJCqXE5vvlU2xlRWpwNUjXDKOw0sjmqCtQXOKMILQdQ/edit?ts=594068fe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">short survey\u003c/a> to tell us your story:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1QJCqXE5vvlU2xlRWpwNUjXDKOw0sjmqCtQXOKMILQdQ/edit?ts=594068fe\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some examples of the sorts of stories we’re interested in hearing — though please don’t limit yourself to these archetypes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>A member of a group of political activists (e.g., a student or environmental group) who decides not to participate in a particular action with the rest of the group.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A person who won’t work more than 40 hours a week on principle even in a workplace where working long hours is the norm.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A high-performing student who chooses not to attend a four-year university.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">A parent who chooses not to send their kid(s) to a private or charter school, and instead puts them in the local public school, when their peers actively searched out, applied for and sent their kid(s) to private or charter schools.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">A couple in a community where everyone typically has lots of children who decide not to have kids.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A prom king or queen who decides not to go to the school prom, even though everyone in their peer group is going.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Before Kevin Powers underwent lung cancer surgery last October, his girlfriend, Agi Orsi, meticulously checked and double-checked to be sure his Santa Monica hospital and surgeon were in his health plan’s network. They were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in the hospital, Orsi dutifully wrote “No out-of-network doctors” across the top of Powers’ admission paperwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her diligence was for naught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Powers, 57, suffered serious complications, resulting in a two-week hospital stay that included visits from several specialists. It also resulted in a barrage of surprise medical bills from some of those specialists charging out-of-network rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bills total about $5,600 — so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s overwhelming,” says Orsi, 64, who lives with Powers in Topanga Canyon. “I feel like consumers are at a major disadvantage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/06/bazar_100.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"133\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-348286\">\u003cstrong>Ask Emily\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>Answering consumers’ questions about California’s changing medical landscape.\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\nSend questions for Emily to \u003ca href=\"mailto:AskEmily@kff.org\">AskEmily@kff.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Starting next month, many Californians will be protected against such surprise medical bills from out-of-network providers, also known as “\u003ca href=\"http://www.kff.org/private-insurance/issue-brief/surprise-medical-bills/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">balance billing\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB72\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new state law\u003c/a>, if you visit an in-network facility — such as a hospital, lab or imaging center — you will be responsible only for your in-network share of the cost, even if you’re seen by an out-of-network provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://dmhc.ca.gov/Portals/0/HealthCareInCalifornia/FactSheets/fsab72.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">law\u003c/a> applies to non-emergency services received on or after July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a very big deal,” says Tam Ma, legal and policy director for the advocacy group \u003ca href=\"http://www.health-access.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Health Access California\u003c/a>. “We’ve heard from hundreds of consumers who were getting these surprise bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2015 Consumers Union \u003ca href=\"https://consumersunion.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Surprise-Bills-Survey-CA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">survey\u003c/a> found that nearly 1 in 4 Californians who visited a hospital or had surgery in the previous two years were charged an out‐of‐network rate when they thought a provider was in‐network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a common scenario: A patient takes pains to ensure her hospital and surgeon are in network, only to get billed by the out-of-network anesthesiologist who appears at her bedside to put her under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_239562\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 380px\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-239562 size-khn-article-small\" title=\"\" src=\"https://californiahealthline.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/agikevin-770.jpg?w=370&h=247&crop=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"370\" height=\"247\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Powers (right) is facing more than $5,000 in surprise medical bills from his October lung cancer surgery even though his girlfriend, Agi Orsi (left) took pains to ensure his hospital and surgeon were in his health plan’s network. (Photo courtesy of Agi Orsi)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“No one gets to pick their anesthesiologist,” Ma says. “It depends on who is on duty, who is available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surprise bills also often come from pathologists, radiologists and assistant surgeons — other providers that patients typically can’t choose, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law covers Californians with private health insurance plans that are regulated by the state Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) and the state Department of Insurance, which includes roughly 70 percent of the state’s private insurance market, according to the California Health Care Foundation. (California Healthline is an editorially independent publication of the California Health Care Foundation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It does not cover some 5.7 million people whose employer-sponsored insurance plans are regulated by the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurers, health care providers and regulators are working furiously behind the scenes to hash out some details about that law, including how much out-of-network providers should be compensated for their services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that shouldn’t affect you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it going to be pretty as plans and providers figure this out in the background? Maybe not,” says Charles Bacchi, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calhealthplans.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Association of Health Plans\u003c/a>. “But what’s important is that it’s not readily apparent to the consumer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key point to remember is that you shouldn’t pay more than your in-network copayment, coinsurance or deductible, as long as you visited an in-network facility for non-emergency services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if you receive what looks like a bill from a provider showing an out-of-network rate, don’t panic, says Betsy Imholz, director of special projects for \u003ca href=\"https://consumersunion.org/experts/elizabeth-betsy-imholz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Consumers Union\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_239563\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 280px\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-239563 size-khn-article-vertical\" title=\"\" src=\"https://californiahealthline.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/kevin-in-hospital-770.jpg?w=270&h=405&crop=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"405\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Powers suffered serious complications after his lung cancer surgery last October, resulting in a two-week hospital stay and surprise out-of-network bills. He is shown here in the hospital after surgery. (Photo courtesy of Agi Orsi)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>First, read it carefully. It may not actually be a bill. Under the law, any communication to the patient from an out-of-network provider before that provider gets the consumer’s in-network cost information must say — in bold, 12-point type — that it is “not a bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s an out-of-network doctor, they shouldn’t be claiming that you owe anything right away,” Imholz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don’t pay anything until you receive an Explanation of Benefits from your insurer, experts advise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you do receive it, inspect it. If you think you’re still being billed incorrectly, call your health plan and file a grievance, says Mary Watanabe, DMHC’s deputy director of health policy. Your plan will have 30 days to resolve the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your plan doesn’t resolve the situation within that time frame, or you’re dissatisfied with the decision, it’s time to call your regulator. For most of you, that will be DMHC: \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthhelp.ca.gov/\">www.healthhelp.ca.gov\u003c/a> or 888-466-2219. To reach the Department of Insurance, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.insurance.ca.gov/\">www.insurance.ca.gov\u003c/a> or call 800-927-HELP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also call your regulator \u003cem>before\u003c/em> you hear back from your health plan, particularly if out-of-network providers are hassling you for payment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you inadvertently paid an out-of-network provider more than he or she is owed, all is not lost. The doctor has to refund the overpayment within 30 days, Ma says. Otherwise, interest starts to accrue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One warning: The law allows out-of-network providers to bill you out-of-network rates, but only if you voluntarily sign a form at least 24 hours before you receive care, Imholz says. The form must include an estimate of your cost and explain that you can receive care from an in-network provider instead, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have to sign it. It’s completely voluntary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you actually do want to be seen by an out-of-network provider and are willing to pay the out-of-network charges, you still have to sign the consent form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since this law kicks in July 1, the surprise medical bills Powers received after his lung surgery won’t be covered. Orsi says Powers can’t afford to pay them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think it’s fair,” she says. “I’m going to keep fighting it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may be hope. If, like that Southern California couple, you’re currently fighting a surprise bill for a service you received before July 1, Watanabe urges you to call DMHC anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can often help,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A California law that takes effect July 1 prohibits out-of-network charges if you visit a medical facility that’s in your health plan’s network.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before Kevin Powers underwent lung cancer surgery last October, his girlfriend, Agi Orsi, meticulously checked and double-checked to be sure his Santa Monica hospital and surgeon were in his health plan’s network. They were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in the hospital, Orsi dutifully wrote “No out-of-network doctors” across the top of Powers’ admission paperwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her diligence was for naught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Powers, 57, suffered serious complications, resulting in a two-week hospital stay that included visits from several specialists. It also resulted in a barrage of surprise medical bills from some of those specialists charging out-of-network rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bills total about $5,600 — so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s overwhelming,” says Orsi, 64, who lives with Powers in Topanga Canyon. “I feel like consumers are at a major disadvantage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/06/bazar_100.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"133\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-348286\">\u003cstrong>Ask Emily\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>Answering consumers’ questions about California’s changing medical landscape.\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\nSend questions for Emily to \u003ca href=\"mailto:AskEmily@kff.org\">AskEmily@kff.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Starting next month, many Californians will be protected against such surprise medical bills from out-of-network providers, also known as “\u003ca href=\"http://www.kff.org/private-insurance/issue-brief/surprise-medical-bills/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">balance billing\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB72\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new state law\u003c/a>, if you visit an in-network facility — such as a hospital, lab or imaging center — you will be responsible only for your in-network share of the cost, even if you’re seen by an out-of-network provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://dmhc.ca.gov/Portals/0/HealthCareInCalifornia/FactSheets/fsab72.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">law\u003c/a> applies to non-emergency services received on or after July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a very big deal,” says Tam Ma, legal and policy director for the advocacy group \u003ca href=\"http://www.health-access.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Health Access California\u003c/a>. “We’ve heard from hundreds of consumers who were getting these surprise bills.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2015 Consumers Union \u003ca href=\"https://consumersunion.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Surprise-Bills-Survey-CA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">survey\u003c/a> found that nearly 1 in 4 Californians who visited a hospital or had surgery in the previous two years were charged an out‐of‐network rate when they thought a provider was in‐network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a common scenario: A patient takes pains to ensure her hospital and surgeon are in network, only to get billed by the out-of-network anesthesiologist who appears at her bedside to put her under.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_239562\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 380px\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-239562 size-khn-article-small\" title=\"\" src=\"https://californiahealthline.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/agikevin-770.jpg?w=370&h=247&crop=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"370\" height=\"247\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Powers (right) is facing more than $5,000 in surprise medical bills from his October lung cancer surgery even though his girlfriend, Agi Orsi (left) took pains to ensure his hospital and surgeon were in his health plan’s network. (Photo courtesy of Agi Orsi)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“No one gets to pick their anesthesiologist,” Ma says. “It depends on who is on duty, who is available.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surprise bills also often come from pathologists, radiologists and assistant surgeons — other providers that patients typically can’t choose, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law covers Californians with private health insurance plans that are regulated by the state Department of Managed Health Care (DMHC) and the state Department of Insurance, which includes roughly 70 percent of the state’s private insurance market, according to the California Health Care Foundation. (California Healthline is an editorially independent publication of the California Health Care Foundation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It does not cover some 5.7 million people whose employer-sponsored insurance plans are regulated by the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurers, health care providers and regulators are working furiously behind the scenes to hash out some details about that law, including how much out-of-network providers should be compensated for their services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that shouldn’t affect you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it going to be pretty as plans and providers figure this out in the background? Maybe not,” says Charles Bacchi, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calhealthplans.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Association of Health Plans\u003c/a>. “But what’s important is that it’s not readily apparent to the consumer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key point to remember is that you shouldn’t pay more than your in-network copayment, coinsurance or deductible, as long as you visited an in-network facility for non-emergency services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if you receive what looks like a bill from a provider showing an out-of-network rate, don’t panic, says Betsy Imholz, director of special projects for \u003ca href=\"https://consumersunion.org/experts/elizabeth-betsy-imholz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Consumers Union\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"attachment_239563\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"width: 280px\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-239563 size-khn-article-vertical\" title=\"\" src=\"https://californiahealthline.files.wordpress.com/2017/06/kevin-in-hospital-770.jpg?w=270&h=405&crop=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"270\" height=\"405\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kevin Powers suffered serious complications after his lung cancer surgery last October, resulting in a two-week hospital stay and surprise out-of-network bills. He is shown here in the hospital after surgery. (Photo courtesy of Agi Orsi)\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>First, read it carefully. It may not actually be a bill. Under the law, any communication to the patient from an out-of-network provider before that provider gets the consumer’s in-network cost information must say — in bold, 12-point type — that it is “not a bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If it’s an out-of-network doctor, they shouldn’t be claiming that you owe anything right away,” Imholz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And don’t pay anything until you receive an Explanation of Benefits from your insurer, experts advise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you do receive it, inspect it. If you think you’re still being billed incorrectly, call your health plan and file a grievance, says Mary Watanabe, DMHC’s deputy director of health policy. Your plan will have 30 days to resolve the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If your plan doesn’t resolve the situation within that time frame, or you’re dissatisfied with the decision, it’s time to call your regulator. For most of you, that will be DMHC: \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthhelp.ca.gov/\">www.healthhelp.ca.gov\u003c/a> or 888-466-2219. To reach the Department of Insurance, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.insurance.ca.gov/\">www.insurance.ca.gov\u003c/a> or call 800-927-HELP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can also call your regulator \u003cem>before\u003c/em> you hear back from your health plan, particularly if out-of-network providers are hassling you for payment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you inadvertently paid an out-of-network provider more than he or she is owed, all is not lost. The doctor has to refund the overpayment within 30 days, Ma says. Otherwise, interest starts to accrue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One warning: The law allows out-of-network providers to bill you out-of-network rates, but only if you voluntarily sign a form at least 24 hours before you receive care, Imholz says. The form must include an estimate of your cost and explain that you can receive care from an in-network provider instead, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t have to sign it. It’s completely voluntary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you actually do want to be seen by an out-of-network provider and are willing to pay the out-of-network charges, you still have to sign the consent form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since this law kicks in July 1, the surprise medical bills Powers received after his lung surgery won’t be covered. Orsi says Powers can’t afford to pay them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think it’s fair,” she says. “I’m going to keep fighting it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may be hope. If, like that Southern California couple, you’re currently fighting a surprise bill for a service you received before July 1, Watanabe urges you to call DMHC anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judge Skeptical of KQED Motion to Release Recordings of Gay Marriage Trial",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 4:40 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco Wednesday indicated he was unlikely to grant a motion by KQED to unseal video recordings of the 2010 U.S. District Court trial that found Proposition 8 unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While KQED established \"a strong public interest in having the recordings published,\" Judge William Orrick said he also agreed with attorneys representing proponents of Proposition 8, who argued that reversing an earlier ruling sealing the recordings would undermine \"judicial integrity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orrick did not issue a formal ruling Wednesday, but he made it clear he was disinclined to approve KQED's motion at this time. He said waiting 10 years, until early 2021, would likely strike the \"appropriate balance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been almost seven years since a federal court judge in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/documents/us-district-court-decision-perry-v-schwarzenegger?ref=us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">declared\u003c/a> California's ban on same-sex marriage a violation of the U.S. Constitution. The video and audio of that historic Proposition 8 trial have never seen the light of day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the entire 2010 trial was scheduled to be broadcast live, the U.S. Supreme Court intervened, ruling that the trial court did not follow proper procedures before allowing the live video streaming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire trial and closing arguments were videotaped anyway, but objections from opponents of same-sex marriage and a federal court order have kept the recordings from being released.\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=\"j3YCzPC5dH8M9FwApzh4h2PIUbMeIQvo\"]\u003cbr>\n\"The sealing of the videotape of the Prop. 8 trial can no longer be justified by any compelling interest,\" KQED attorney Thomas Burke wrote in the court filing. KQED argues that the value of unsealing the tapes \"now far outweighs the privacy or other interests of judicial administration.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the trial proceeded, attorneys representing Proposition 8 (the California attorney general declined to defend the measure as it ordinarily would) argued against broadcasting the trial for fear it could invade the privacy or even threaten the safety of their witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its brief, KQED argues that seven years after Judge Vaughn Walker issued his \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/documents/us-district-court-decision-perry-v-schwarzenegger?ref=us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ruling\u003c/a> in the case, \"any meaningful threat of public broadcast has now fully dissipated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's case is being supported by the original plaintiffs, the City and County of San Francisco, the American Civil Liberties Union and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In opposition to unsealing the recordings, Proposition 8 proponents' attorney Charles Cooper quotes the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, which in 2012 rejected an earlier request by a coalition of media, including KQED, to release them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The trial judge on several occasions unequivocally promised that the recording of the trial would be used only in chambers and not publicly broadcast,\" Judge Stephen Reinhardt wrote. \"He made these commitments because the Supreme Court had intervened in this very case in a manner that required him to do so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper also argues that because Walker’s assurances that the recordings were only for his private use \"were unequivocal, the harm to judicial integrity that would result from revoking them is no less severe today than it was when the Ninth Circuit ruled five years ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representing Proposition 8 proponents on Wednesday, attorney Pete Patterson added little to their written arguments. He didn't really have to, given Judge Orrick's opening comments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orrick said he did not believe Judge Reinhardt intended to keep the trial recordings permanently sealed, suggesting a motion to unseal them could be reconsidered in 2021, 10 years after the Proposition 8 trial decision went up to the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the passage of time, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/12pdf/12-307_6j37.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legal resolution\u003c/a> of the same-sex marriage issue by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2013, Proposition 8 proponents argue that releasing the videotapes would \"increase the risk of harm to proponents and witnesses\" from LGBT rights supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also argue that ignoring the earlier promise to keep the recordings sealed \"would cause tangible harm to our system of justice. Witness cooperation would be more difficult to obtain if the public were unable to trust promises about the broadcast of trial proceedings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a dozen LGBT advocates showed up for the hearing to support unsealing the recordings. One of them was Ryan Kendall, who testified during the trial about the damage done to him by so-called reparative therapy that falsely claims to \"convert\" sexual orientation from gay to straight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I walked into that courtroom seven years ago, it was with a full expectation that it would eventually be broadcast,\" Kendall said after the hearing on Wednesday. \"Clearly I think this is a matter of great public importance and that it would only benefit individuals and families and protect children by letting people see my testimony in particular and the testimony of this case in general.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall said he hopes the court will consider releasing parts of the trial testimony, while maintaining a seal on testimony from witnesses who testified in support of California's same-sex marriage ban, if that's what those witnesses want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to change everyone’s hearts and minds so that people are no longer targeted for being gay, tortured for being gay, murdered for being trans or gay,\" he said. \"These things happen in the real world, and we’re not fighting for tapes, we’re fighting for lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have nothing to fear from the truth,\" Kendall added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Support for same-sex marriage throughout the U.S. has grown dramatically in recent years, according to the results of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2017/06/26/support-for-same-sex-marriage-grows-even-among-groups-that-had-been-skeptical/?utm_source=Pew+Research+Center&utm_campaign=1f473c5639-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2017_06_28&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_3e953b9b70-1f473c5639-399366821\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pew Research Center survey\u003c/a> published this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Scott Shafer filed a declaration in support of KQED's motion.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A federal judge is considering whether there is a compelling public interest in unsealing video recordings of a historic trial that found Proposition 8 unconstitutional and legalized same-sex marriage in California in 2010.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 4:40 p.m. Wednesday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco Wednesday indicated he was unlikely to grant a motion by KQED to unseal video recordings of the 2010 U.S. District Court trial that found Proposition 8 unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While KQED established \"a strong public interest in having the recordings published,\" Judge William Orrick said he also agreed with attorneys representing proponents of Proposition 8, who argued that reversing an earlier ruling sealing the recordings would undermine \"judicial integrity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orrick did not issue a formal ruling Wednesday, but he made it clear he was disinclined to approve KQED's motion at this time. He said waiting 10 years, until early 2021, would likely strike the \"appropriate balance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been almost seven years since a federal court judge in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/documents/us-district-court-decision-perry-v-schwarzenegger?ref=us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">declared\u003c/a> California's ban on same-sex marriage a violation of the U.S. Constitution. The video and audio of that historic Proposition 8 trial have never seen the light of day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the entire 2010 trial was scheduled to be broadcast live, the U.S. Supreme Court intervened, ruling that the trial court did not follow proper procedures before allowing the live video streaming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire trial and closing arguments were videotaped anyway, but objections from opponents of same-sex marriage and a federal court order have kept the recordings from being released.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\"The sealing of the videotape of the Prop. 8 trial can no longer be justified by any compelling interest,\" KQED attorney Thomas Burke wrote in the court filing. KQED argues that the value of unsealing the tapes \"now far outweighs the privacy or other interests of judicial administration.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the trial proceeded, attorneys representing Proposition 8 (the California attorney general declined to defend the measure as it ordinarily would) argued against broadcasting the trial for fear it could invade the privacy or even threaten the safety of their witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its brief, KQED argues that seven years after Judge Vaughn Walker issued his \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/documents/us-district-court-decision-perry-v-schwarzenegger?ref=us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ruling\u003c/a> in the case, \"any meaningful threat of public broadcast has now fully dissipated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's case is being supported by the original plaintiffs, the City and County of San Francisco, the American Civil Liberties Union and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In opposition to unsealing the recordings, Proposition 8 proponents' attorney Charles Cooper quotes the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, which in 2012 rejected an earlier request by a coalition of media, including KQED, to release them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The trial judge on several occasions unequivocally promised that the recording of the trial would be used only in chambers and not publicly broadcast,\" Judge Stephen Reinhardt wrote. \"He made these commitments because the Supreme Court had intervened in this very case in a manner that required him to do so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooper also argues that because Walker’s assurances that the recordings were only for his private use \"were unequivocal, the harm to judicial integrity that would result from revoking them is no less severe today than it was when the Ninth Circuit ruled five years ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representing Proposition 8 proponents on Wednesday, attorney Pete Patterson added little to their written arguments. He didn't really have to, given Judge Orrick's opening comments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orrick said he did not believe Judge Reinhardt intended to keep the trial recordings permanently sealed, suggesting a motion to unseal them could be reconsidered in 2021, 10 years after the Proposition 8 trial decision went up to the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the passage of time, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/12pdf/12-307_6j37.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legal resolution\u003c/a> of the same-sex marriage issue by the U.S. Supreme Court in 2013, Proposition 8 proponents argue that releasing the videotapes would \"increase the risk of harm to proponents and witnesses\" from LGBT rights supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also argue that ignoring the earlier promise to keep the recordings sealed \"would cause tangible harm to our system of justice. Witness cooperation would be more difficult to obtain if the public were unable to trust promises about the broadcast of trial proceedings.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a dozen LGBT advocates showed up for the hearing to support unsealing the recordings. One of them was Ryan Kendall, who testified during the trial about the damage done to him by so-called reparative therapy that falsely claims to \"convert\" sexual orientation from gay to straight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When I walked into that courtroom seven years ago, it was with a full expectation that it would eventually be broadcast,\" Kendall said after the hearing on Wednesday. \"Clearly I think this is a matter of great public importance and that it would only benefit individuals and families and protect children by letting people see my testimony in particular and the testimony of this case in general.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall said he hopes the court will consider releasing parts of the trial testimony, while maintaining a seal on testimony from witnesses who testified in support of California's same-sex marriage ban, if that's what those witnesses want.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to change everyone’s hearts and minds so that people are no longer targeted for being gay, tortured for being gay, murdered for being trans or gay,\" he said. \"These things happen in the real world, and we’re not fighting for tapes, we’re fighting for lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have nothing to fear from the truth,\" Kendall added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Support for same-sex marriage throughout the U.S. has grown dramatically in recent years, according to the results of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2017/06/26/support-for-same-sex-marriage-grows-even-among-groups-that-had-been-skeptical/?utm_source=Pew+Research+Center&utm_campaign=1f473c5639-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2017_06_28&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_3e953b9b70-1f473c5639-399366821\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pew Research Center survey\u003c/a> published this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Scott Shafer filed a declaration in support of KQED's motion.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"freakonomics-radio": {
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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