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"content": "\u003cp>A former Contra Costa County sheriff’s deputy has been charged with unlawful intercourse with the teenager at the center of a sexual misconduct case involving several Bay Area law enforcement agencies. The new felony charge against Ricardo Perez is the most serious charge filed against law officers involved with Jasmine Abuslin, also known as Celeste Guap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez previously had been charged with one felony count of oral copulation with a minor and two misdemeanor counts of lewd conduct in public with Abuslin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County District Attorney's Office spokeswoman Rebecca Richardson acknowledged in an email Wednesday that \"new evidence came to light\" to support the more serious felony charge, filed Aug. 4, but refused to comment further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abuslin, now 19, testified against Perez in a preliminary hearing \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/29/former-contra-costa-sheriffs-deputy-to-stand-trial-in-sexual-exploitation-case/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">last month\u003c/a>. She told the court that she had met the former sheriff's deputy for sex numerous times in July 2015 when she was 17 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She testified that she didn't tell Perez that she was underage until several months later, after she turned 18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not remember his words but I remember his attitude,\" Abuslin said of Perez when she told him she had been underage when they had sex. \"It was like ‘whatever.' He did not seem shocked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez’s attorney, Joseph Motta, argued that his client didn’t know that Abuslin was underage, but retired Judge Joan Cartwright, who presided over the July 27 hearing, disagreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was clearly 17 years old when this was occurring,” Cartwright said from the bench.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Perez’s conduct was raunchy and certainly bordering on pornographic activities,\" said noted civil rights attorney John Burris, who is representing Abuslin in her civil claims for damages. \"He -- as an adult human being -- should’ve known better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six law enforcement officials have been charged with lesser crimes in connection with the broader case involving Abuslin’s relationships with officers from Oakland, Livermore, Richmond and San Francisco, as well as Alameda and Contra Costa County sheriff’s deputies, according to legal claims filed against those jurisdictions. The case also involves a former guard for a military equipment facility in Stockton who was fired late last year for soliciting sex and prostitution work from Abuslin after the case became public last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez resigned from the Contra Costa County Sheriff's Department shortly after the scandal emerged. He is scheduled to be arraigned Thursday in Alameda County Superior Court in Dublin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Alex Emslie contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The original version of this report misidentified the judge presiding over the July 27 preliminary hearing in this case. It has been corrected to attribute retired Judge Joan Cartwright.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Two weeks after President Trump announced via Twitter that he was going to ban transgender military members, a lawsuit has been filed to block the tweet from becoming policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit was filed Wednesday by the National Center for Lesbian Rights (\u003ca href=\"http://www.nclrights.org/\">NCLR\u003c/a>) in San Francisco and GLBTQ Legal Advocates & Defenders (\u003ca href=\"https://www.glad.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">GLAD\u003c/a>) on behalf of five transgender active-duty service members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs currently serve in the Coast Guard, National Guard and the Army, including one who expects to be deployed to Iraq soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs -- identified as Jane Doe 1 through 5 -- allege that after being told by the Obama administration last year that they could serve openly, they now fear being kicked out of the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"#complaint\">legal complaint\u003c/a> filed in federal court in Washington, D.C., states that \"execution of the President’s directive will result in an end to service by openly transgender service members and has already resulted in immediate, concrete injury to Plaintiffs by unsettling and destabilizing plaintiffs’ reasonable expectation of continued service.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It claims violation of the plaintiffs' equal protection and due process rights under the U.S. Constitution by banning their service without any justification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1530.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> by the Rand Corp. in Santa Monica found transgender people were \"fit to serve, and that allowing them to serve openly would have minimal financial costs or impact on readiness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shannon Minter, legal director of the National Center for Lesbian Rights, is one of the attorneys representing the service members. He calls changing the policy a year after it was implemented “shameful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I mean that is cruel, irrational, harmful, very harmful to our nation’s military,\" Minter told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that the sudden announcement by Trump two weeks ago -- without spelling out any details of what the new policy would be -- caught transgender service members by complete surprise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They were just blindsided and left with no way to make plans about their future re-enlistment,\" Minter said. \"They don’t know if they’re losing their jobs, their health care, their benefits.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for the Defense Department declined to comment on the lawsuit, saying only that they were working with the White House to develop a written policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One question is: Can a lawsuit against a policy not yet written succeed in blocking it from being implemented? UC Hastings emeritus law professor David Levine said the legal challenge is \"reasonable, and not premature,\" given that the plaintiffs all have existing contracts with the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do think it would be quite a strong argument for saying, at least as to currently serving members of the armed forces, that they should not be forced out at this point,\" Levine said. He added that singling out transgender people for the military ban was \"irrational,\" given studies showing allowing them to serve openly would have minimal costs and impact on troop readiness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estimates on how many transgender people currently serve in the military vary widely, but Rand Corp. recently estimated there were more than 6,600 on the high end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"aligncenter noborder\">\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"complaint\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Read the Complaint\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3921893-Transgender-Military-Ban-Complaint-Filed\" notes=\"true\" text=\"true\" search=\"true\" sidebar=\"true\" pdf=\"true\" responsive=\"true\" page=\"1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Zyanya Cazares, a sixth-grade teacher who is starting a new assignment this fall teaching in a bilingual education program in Los Angeles, grew up speaking Spanish. But she was recently reminded that the casual, conversational Spanish she spoke at home is not the same as the formal form of the language she's now being asked to teach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a Chicana, it’s very easy to say, ‘Oh I know how to say that word in Spanish, you just add an 'o' at the end,’ ” Cazares said. “But that’s not academic Spanish, and we’re in an academic setting -- so I definitely have to prepare to learn the real word of how to say it academically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cazares was one of a dozen current and aspiring bilingual education teachers who gathered at California State University Dominguez Hills to learn about the latest teaching methods and also, for many teachers like Cazares, to fill in gaps in their language skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'One of our goals is to empower teachers, to create a space where they can use their heritage language to express themselves and to grow.'\u003ccite>Professor Lilia Sarmiento\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More often than not, many educators say, bilingual education teachers’ grasp of academic language in their second language trails that of their academic language in English. Experts in bilingual education say improving those skills will be essential as school districts open new programs after California voters lifted restrictions on dual-language programs last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Principals tell us, we know that the content is important, what they need to teach, but send us teachers [who] speak Spanish well,” said Lilia Sarmiento, a professor of education at Cal State Dominguez Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A. Unified is leading the pack of school districts in the state opening new bilingual education programs. It’s opening 16 programs this coming academic year, bringing the total to 101 bilingual programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second language of the vast majority of bilingual programs in California public schools is Spanish. A smaller number are in Chinese, French and other languages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/08/170809ctcr.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/BilingualEd-1020x681.jpg\" Title=\"As California Bilingual Education Grows, Teacher Training Is Key\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarmiento helped start the \u003ca href=\"http://csudhelcongreso.weebly.com/\">two-week summer training for bilingual teachers\u003c/a> in which Cazares enrolled. During the second-to-last class session, CSU Dominguez Hills professor Heather Kertyzia talked to them about how to defuse tension with students through the use of nonviolent language in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He can’t be independent at home because there are -- what’s the word I’m looking for -- physical punishments,” she said in Spanish, talking about why students act up in class. Kertyzia is not a fluent Spanish speaker; she learned the language in college and while living in Colombia. Despite incorrect grammar here and there, the message about the lesson remains clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cazares noticed that and said it’s helped calm her nerves about starting her new teaching post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Through this class I’ve noticed that it’s empowering to engage the students in the, ‘Well how do we say this word,’ or 'It’s OK not to know how to say every word,'” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her notebook is full of terms and concepts in Spanish she’ll be using on day one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cem>Charlas\u003c/em>, is like chats, or talking. So \u003cem>charlas literarias: \u003c/em>literature talks; \u003cem>cigla:\u003c/em> acronym; \u003cem>citas:\u003c/em> quotes,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"H4lauXaLsjAOh3JSBJFYQDhYD8ruFkCB\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s exactly those kinds of vocabulary gaps this class is aiming to close. Besides their teaching credential, bilingual education teachers must have additional training. Some educators say the preparation currently required by the state isn’t enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our goals is to empower teachers, to create a space where they can use their heritage language to express themselves and to grow, not only professionally but personally,” Sarmiento said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators say these kinds of teachers will be snapped up by school districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a current shortage and the shortage is almost going to double, with the new programs that the districts are predicting and expanding of the current programs that they have,” said Shelly Spiegel-Coleman, a longtime bilingual education advocate and executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.californianstogether.org/bilingual-teacher-shortage-requires-immediate-action-study-shows-that-bilingual-teachers-exist-but-they-require-professional-development/\">Californians Together.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success of new programs will depend on how well trained teachers are. Spiegel-Coleman successfully lobbied Gov. Jerry Brown to create grants to train bilingual ed teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are hundreds of teachers with bilingual education training who have been in English classrooms for years, so their skills are rusty, Spiegel-Coleman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the source that we think is most easily tapped to staff the programs, but we really need the universities, and we need the recruitment. We really need to think about building the pipeline,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that pipeline, she said, should include the product of current bilingual programs: the thousands of California high school seniors who are graduating with seals of biliteracy on their diplomas.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Zyanya Cazares, a sixth-grade teacher who is starting a new assignment this fall teaching in a bilingual education program in Los Angeles, grew up speaking Spanish. But she was recently reminded that the casual, conversational Spanish she spoke at home is not the same as the formal form of the language she's now being asked to teach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a Chicana, it’s very easy to say, ‘Oh I know how to say that word in Spanish, you just add an 'o' at the end,’ ” Cazares said. “But that’s not academic Spanish, and we’re in an academic setting -- so I definitely have to prepare to learn the real word of how to say it academically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cazares was one of a dozen current and aspiring bilingual education teachers who gathered at California State University Dominguez Hills to learn about the latest teaching methods and also, for many teachers like Cazares, to fill in gaps in their language skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'One of our goals is to empower teachers, to create a space where they can use their heritage language to express themselves and to grow.'\u003ccite>Professor Lilia Sarmiento\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More often than not, many educators say, bilingual education teachers’ grasp of academic language in their second language trails that of their academic language in English. Experts in bilingual education say improving those skills will be essential as school districts open new programs after California voters lifted restrictions on dual-language programs last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Principals tell us, we know that the content is important, what they need to teach, but send us teachers [who] speak Spanish well,” said Lilia Sarmiento, a professor of education at Cal State Dominguez Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarmiento helped start the \u003ca href=\"http://csudhelcongreso.weebly.com/\">two-week summer training for bilingual teachers\u003c/a> in which Cazares enrolled. During the second-to-last class session, CSU Dominguez Hills professor Heather Kertyzia talked to them about how to defuse tension with students through the use of nonviolent language in the classroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He can’t be independent at home because there are -- what’s the word I’m looking for -- physical punishments,” she said in Spanish, talking about why students act up in class. Kertyzia is not a fluent Spanish speaker; she learned the language in college and while living in Colombia. Despite incorrect grammar here and there, the message about the lesson remains clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cazares noticed that and said it’s helped calm her nerves about starting her new teaching post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Through this class I’ve noticed that it’s empowering to engage the students in the, ‘Well how do we say this word,’ or 'It’s OK not to know how to say every word,'” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her notebook is full of terms and concepts in Spanish she’ll be using on day one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cem>Charlas\u003c/em>, is like chats, or talking. So \u003cem>charlas literarias: \u003c/em>literature talks; \u003cem>cigla:\u003c/em> acronym; \u003cem>citas:\u003c/em> quotes,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s exactly those kinds of vocabulary gaps this class is aiming to close. Besides their teaching credential, bilingual education teachers must have additional training. Some educators say the preparation currently required by the state isn’t enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of our goals is to empower teachers, to create a space where they can use their heritage language to express themselves and to grow, not only professionally but personally,” Sarmiento said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators say these kinds of teachers will be snapped up by school districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a current shortage and the shortage is almost going to double, with the new programs that the districts are predicting and expanding of the current programs that they have,” said Shelly Spiegel-Coleman, a longtime bilingual education advocate and executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.californianstogether.org/bilingual-teacher-shortage-requires-immediate-action-study-shows-that-bilingual-teachers-exist-but-they-require-professional-development/\">Californians Together.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The success of new programs will depend on how well trained teachers are. Spiegel-Coleman successfully lobbied Gov. Jerry Brown to create grants to train bilingual ed teachers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are hundreds of teachers with bilingual education training who have been in English classrooms for years, so their skills are rusty, Spiegel-Coleman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the source that we think is most easily tapped to staff the programs, but we really need the universities, and we need the recruitment. We really need to think about building the pipeline,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that pipeline, she said, should include the product of current bilingual programs: the thousands of California high school seniors who are graduating with seals of biliteracy on their diplomas.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Google on Monday \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-08/google-fires-employee-behind-controversial-diversity-memo\">fired\u003c/a> James Damore, the engineer who wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/exclusive-heres-the-full-10-page-anti-diversity-screed-1797564320\">10-page memo\u003c/a> saying the gender gap in computer engineering is due to “biological” differences that disadvantage women. All of this has sparked a heated debate. But among many lawyers, Google’s action was clear-cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/richard-thompson-ford/\">Richard Ford\u003c/a> is a professor at Stanford Law School. He says that while the government must honor your First Amendment right to free speech, the law is pretty clear that employers don’t have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Employers have broad latitude to fire employees based on ideas that are antithetical to the ethos of the workplace,” Ford said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are exceptions. An employer can’t fire somebody because of their race, religion or — in California — because of their political activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”YpuYsKUoqH2Jv21QlEF5SKtxzmdhCai9″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of Damore, Google CEO Sundar Pichai said \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.google/topics/diversity/note-employees-ceo-sundar-pichai/\">in a blog post\u003c/a> that to suggest a group of colleagues have traits that make them less “biologically suited” to engineering is contrary to Google’s basic values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But legally, if Google didn’t fire Damore, the company could have been liable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Google, pay raises and promotions for engineers are determined in part by peer review. So if Damore gave a woman engineer a negative review, the woman could have a case because of his memo, Ford said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is case law with respect to that,” Ford said. “Employers have been held liable when they’ve done nothing to repudiate or correct for those points of view.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And at that point, he said, the burden is on the employer to prove that sexism wasn’t a factor in blocking a female engineer’s promotion or pay raise.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Google on Monday \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-08/google-fires-employee-behind-controversial-diversity-memo\">fired\u003c/a> James Damore, the engineer who wrote a \u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/exclusive-heres-the-full-10-page-anti-diversity-screed-1797564320\">10-page memo\u003c/a> saying the gender gap in computer engineering is due to “biological” differences that disadvantage women. All of this has sparked a heated debate. But among many lawyers, Google’s action was clear-cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/directory/richard-thompson-ford/\">Richard Ford\u003c/a> is a professor at Stanford Law School. He says that while the government must honor your First Amendment right to free speech, the law is pretty clear that employers don’t have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Employers have broad latitude to fire employees based on ideas that are antithetical to the ethos of the workplace,” Ford said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are exceptions. An employer can’t fire somebody because of their race, religion or — in California — because of their political activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the case of Damore, Google CEO Sundar Pichai said \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.google/topics/diversity/note-employees-ceo-sundar-pichai/\">in a blog post\u003c/a> that to suggest a group of colleagues have traits that make them less “biologically suited” to engineering is contrary to Google’s basic values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: This story has been \u003ca href=\"#updated\">updated\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]C[/dropcap]onsider a couple of scenarios for big trouble at Oroville Dam:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First: The facility's main concrete spillway suffers serious damage, resulting in erosion of the rock beneath it -- and potentially threatening the safety of the dam itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second: Water fills Lake Oroville, the gigantic reservoir behind the dam, and begins surging down a steep unpaved hillside that's meant to serve as an emergency spillway. The slope suffers serious erosion, again potentially threatening the dam's safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These scenes will sound familiar to anyone who followed the crisis at Oroville, which began to unfold six months ago this week. In fact, you may think you watched them happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"x3InW8qQEQ1k40k0oU0Hh1odHHJBgZJd\"]But these aren't descriptions of actual events. They're worst-case scenarios that a federal-state safety review considered more than two years before Oroville became a synonym for \"near catastrophe.\" The review -- part of a process in which state, federal and independent experts study situations that could threaten a dam -- agreed the scenarios were so unlikely that they didn't merit further consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That finding, apparently based on inaccurate or incomplete information from the California Department of Water Resources about the condition of the dam's spillways and the strength of the rock they were built on, has led some dam safety experts and DWR critics to question both the evidence the safety board reviewed and whether the review process itself is effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study -- called a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ferc.gov/industries/hydropower/safety/guidelines/dspmp/background/per-plan.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">potential failure mode analysis\u003c/a>, or PFMA -- was performed in 2014 as part of what's called a Part 12D safety review, a title that refers to a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission regulation that requires independent safety inspections for most large dams every five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/oroville-spillway/pdf/ferc/2014%20Potential%20Failure%20Mode%20Analysis%20Workshop.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2014 PFMA\u003c/a> declined further study of 31 \"candidate\" possible failure modes, including the two that outlined possible spillway failures.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Spillway chute is in good condition, and the underlying rock is very competent.'\u003ccite>2014 Oroville Dam safety review\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Although the details of the evidence analyzed for the spillway failure scenarios is not publicly available, Department of Water Resources documents KQED obtained under the California Public Records Act and other \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/oroville-spillway/ferc_report.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recently released records\u003c/a> give a clear indication of why the experts decided to shelve them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In dismissing the possibility that the main spillway might be lost, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3923829-2014-Potential-Failure-Mode-Analysis-Workshop.html#document/p1/a368139\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a PFMA summary\u003c/a> said the 3,000-foot-long concrete chute \"is in good condition and the underlying rock is very competent. ... It is seen as highly unlikely that the concrete lining will fail and highly unlikely that significant erosion of the rock will occur during one spilling event.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The summary noted the spillway chute had undergone \"minor repairs\" in 2009. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experts declined further study of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3923828-2014-Potential-Failure-Mode-Analysis-Workshop.html#document/p1/a368140\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the emergency spillway scenario\u003c/a> -- which contemplated an overflow as much as 25 times greater than the one that actually occurred in February -- because of \"the rock between the Feather River and emergency spillway is very competent and resistant to erosion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Competent\" rock refers to rock that is only lightly weathered and is structurally sound and resistant to erosion. But despite the declarations in the PFMA summary, the February near-disaster showed that extensive areas of the rock underlying the concrete spillway and the hillside serving as the emergency spillway were \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/04/07/how-incompetent-rock-led-to-the-oroville-dam-crisis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">incompetent and highly erodible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PFMA's assumptions about the main spillway, too, are called into question by records that show DWR was well aware the chute's concrete surface was prone to chronic cracking and that water flowed through numerous flaws in the chute floor and undermined parts of the structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records show the spillway underwent top-to-bottom repairs on at least three occasions, including: \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>1977, when it was less than a decade old.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1997, after record releases caused what DWR described as \"distress throughout the length of the spillway\" that required issuance of an emergency contract for repair.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2009, when what the PFMA summary describes as \"minor repairs\" involved repairing cracks, exposed rebar, eroded concrete, broken subsurface drains and voids that had opened under the chute's slab.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The four outside consultants hired to conduct the 2014 Part 12D safety review, including the PFMA process, did not respond to emailed requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Department of Water Resources spokeswoman Erin Mellon said in an email Monday the evidence presented for the potential failure mode analysis included a site inspection and historical documents including past geologic studies of the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While not offering specifics about the data considered, Mellon said \"the information gathered showed the spillway was in good condition and the rock beneath it was extremely competent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Poor-Quality Rock\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J. David Rogers, a professor of geologic engineering at the Missouri University of Science and Technology who has visited the Oroville facility since the February crisis, said he was startled by the description of the rock under the spillways as being sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The principal issue with performance of the service and emergency spillways has been the poor quality of the underlying 'rock,' \" Rogers said in an email. He characterized the material as \"deeply weathered ... essentially with the consistency of stiff soil, not rock. The depth of weathering varies from 20 to 80 vertical feet, based on simple visual inspection.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'The principal issue with performance of the service and emergency spillways has been the poor quality of the underlying \"rock.\"'\u003ccite>J. David Rogers,\u003cbr>\nMissouri University of Science and Technology\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Rogers said the review panel would not have had \"any easy means\" of determining the true character of the material underlying the spillways -- except perhaps for the appearance of \"apparently competent\" bedrock exposed at the top of the spillway adjacent to the massive control structure that houses a set of eight huge floodgates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the appearance of that apparently sound rock might have been misleading, Rogers said, because crews had to remove 70 feet of material to reach it. Most of the rest of the spillway, he said, was excavated no more than 20 or 25 feet deep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left masses of weaker material in place under the spillway. When the concrete chute breached during moderate flows in February, he said, \"the rushing water was able to pluck crushed rock and soil\" from beneath the spillway, ultimately destroying it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11316407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/KG_oro_spillway_damage-12011_02_13_2017-e1487088543262.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11316407\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/KG_oro_spillway_damage-12011_02_13_2017-800x546.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"546\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Department of Water Resources crews inspect and evaluate the erosion in the Oroville Dam's emergency spillway on Feb. 13, the day after state officials ordered the immediate evacuation of residents downstream. DWR had concluded in earlier studies that just 1 to 4 feet of erosion would occur if water flowed down the emergency spillway. \u003ccite>(Kelly M. Grow/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emergency Spillway: Theory vs. Reality\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main spillway failure in February came just as a series of powerful, warm storms dumped heavy rain over the Feather River watershed, partially melting a thick blanket of snow that had fallen earlier in the season and triggering a surge of runoff into Lake Oroville. Dam managers responded by ramping up releases down the spillway to about 50,000 cubic feet per second, less than 20 percent of its design capacity and about one-third of its record flow rate in January 1997.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a large hole appeared in the spillway on Feb. 7, DWR temporarily stopped releasing water down the chute, then resumed limited flows as large sections of the rock beneath the concrete structure rapidly eroded -- contrary to the confident assertions that the material was \"very competent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, the lake rose toward its rim. On Feb. 11, for the first time in the dam's history, water began pouring over a 1,700-foot-long weir adjacent to the concrete chute and down the hill designated as the dam's emergency spillway. Less than 30 hours later, on the afternoon of Feb. 12, uphill erosion of the type dismissed by the 2014 PFMA had scoured channels as much as 50 feet deep and appeared to be threatening the stability of the weir. The fear of a collapse, which would unleash a catastrophic flood down the Feather River, prompted the emergency evacuation of Oroville and other riverside communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That uncontrolled flow in February peaked at about 12,500 cubic feet per second, just a tiny fraction of the 350,000 cubic feet -- about 2.6 million gallons -- per second it was supposed to handle. (The regulated \u003ca href=\"http://www.lre.usace.army.mil/Missions/Great-Lakes-Information/Outflows/Discharge-Measurements/Niagara-River/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">flow over Niagara Falls\u003c/a>, by comparison, is 100,000 cfs during \"tourist\" hours.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That theoretical maximum flow over Oroville's emergency weir represented what might happen in a worst-case flood scenario, when both spillways would have a single purpose: preventing water from flowing over the top of Oroville Dam, an event that could lead to the structure's collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Water Resources and FERC had insisted for more than a decade prior to the February emergency -- and through three separate potential failure mode analyses -- that even under the duress of extremely high flows racing down the tree- and brush-covered slope, erosion would be limited to just 1 to 4 feet of surface material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Mellon, the DWR spokeswoman, on Monday repeated earlier department statements that it's up to an independent forensics team -- appointed in March at FERC's direction -- to analyze the causes of the spillway failure. She didn't respond to a question about why DWR's understanding of the conditions underlying the spillways was so different from actual conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal Energy Regulatory Commission spokeswoman Celeste Miller said that a \"panel of expert consultants\" is reviewing the history and performance of the agency's safety program, including past potential failure analyses, for Oroville Dam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Need for Re-evaluation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin McCann, an adjunct professor at Stanford’s College of Civil and Environmental Engineering and director of the college’s \u003ca href=\"http://npdp.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Performance of Dams Program\u003c/a>, says the Oroville episode shows a re-evaluation of the way potential failure mode analyses are done may be in order. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In light of the two regulatory bodies and a responsible owner being involved in the PFMA process, we've got to ask ourselves, 'Are we getting it right?'\" McCann said in an interview. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This stuff is not easy -- it really is quite difficult,\" he said. \"It takes expertise, it takes experience, it takes interpretation and evaluation on the part of experts, and that's very hard. Perhaps the process needs to be re-examined.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610666\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11610666\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-800x511.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-800x511.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-1920x1226.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-1180x754.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-960x613.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-375x240.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">July construction activity below Oroville Dam's emergency weir. Crews are building a massive wall in the slope below the weir to prevent potentially dangerous erosion of the kind that appeared during an overflow in February. \u003ccite>(Kelly M. Grow/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>David Rogers, the Missouri geoengineering expert, said Oroville could shake up future safety dam reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unexpected failures have a way of waking people up and providing a much needed 'reality check' for both the engineers and the politicians,\" Rogers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those who agrees is Assemblyman James Gallagher, who represents Oroville. He's proposed legislation, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1270\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AB 1270\u003c/a>, that would require more frequent and tougher dam safety inspections and subject them to periodic review by UC Berkeley's Center for Catastrophic Risk Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gallagher said in an interview last week that the 2014 PFMA decision to decline further study of the possibility of spillway failures \"goes to one of the fundamental issues\" raised by the Oroville crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have independent oversight,\" Gallagher said. \"But the question is, are they asking the right questions? Do they have the right data to properly provide that oversight? ... When something catastrophic happens, do we have enough information and the right processes and procedures in place to handle those situations? And the answer right now is clearly, no, we don't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"updated\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to incorporate information from newly released documents on the 2014 Potential Failure Mode Analysis involving Oroville Dam's main and emergency spillways and to include a response from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The story has also been edited to add links to some of the historical documents referenced in the text.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Federal-state safety review considered scenarios strikingly similar to actual February events, but said they were so unlikely to happen they didn't warrant further study. ",
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"description": "Federal-state safety review considered scenarios strikingly similar to actual February events, but said they were so unlikely to happen they didn't warrant further study. ",
"title": "Panel Weighed Oroville Spillway Failure in 2014 -- and Called It 'Highly Unlikely' | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's note: This story has been \u003ca href=\"#updated\">updated\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">C\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>onsider a couple of scenarios for big trouble at Oroville Dam:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First: The facility's main concrete spillway suffers serious damage, resulting in erosion of the rock beneath it -- and potentially threatening the safety of the dam itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second: Water fills Lake Oroville, the gigantic reservoir behind the dam, and begins surging down a steep unpaved hillside that's meant to serve as an emergency spillway. The slope suffers serious erosion, again potentially threatening the dam's safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These scenes will sound familiar to anyone who followed the crisis at Oroville, which began to unfold six months ago this week. In fact, you may think you watched them happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>But these aren't descriptions of actual events. They're worst-case scenarios that a federal-state safety review considered more than two years before Oroville became a synonym for \"near catastrophe.\" The review -- part of a process in which state, federal and independent experts study situations that could threaten a dam -- agreed the scenarios were so unlikely that they didn't merit further consideration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That finding, apparently based on inaccurate or incomplete information from the California Department of Water Resources about the condition of the dam's spillways and the strength of the rock they were built on, has led some dam safety experts and DWR critics to question both the evidence the safety board reviewed and whether the review process itself is effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study -- called a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ferc.gov/industries/hydropower/safety/guidelines/dspmp/background/per-plan.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">potential failure mode analysis\u003c/a>, or PFMA -- was performed in 2014 as part of what's called a Part 12D safety review, a title that refers to a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission regulation that requires independent safety inspections for most large dams every five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/oroville-spillway/pdf/ferc/2014%20Potential%20Failure%20Mode%20Analysis%20Workshop.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2014 PFMA\u003c/a> declined further study of 31 \"candidate\" possible failure modes, including the two that outlined possible spillway failures.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Spillway chute is in good condition, and the underlying rock is very competent.'\u003ccite>2014 Oroville Dam safety review\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Although the details of the evidence analyzed for the spillway failure scenarios is not publicly available, Department of Water Resources documents KQED obtained under the California Public Records Act and other \u003ca href=\"http://www.water.ca.gov/oroville-spillway/ferc_report.cfm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recently released records\u003c/a> give a clear indication of why the experts decided to shelve them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In dismissing the possibility that the main spillway might be lost, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3923829-2014-Potential-Failure-Mode-Analysis-Workshop.html#document/p1/a368139\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a PFMA summary\u003c/a> said the 3,000-foot-long concrete chute \"is in good condition and the underlying rock is very competent. ... It is seen as highly unlikely that the concrete lining will fail and highly unlikely that significant erosion of the rock will occur during one spilling event.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The summary noted the spillway chute had undergone \"minor repairs\" in 2009. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experts declined further study of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3923828-2014-Potential-Failure-Mode-Analysis-Workshop.html#document/p1/a368140\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the emergency spillway scenario\u003c/a> -- which contemplated an overflow as much as 25 times greater than the one that actually occurred in February -- because of \"the rock between the Feather River and emergency spillway is very competent and resistant to erosion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Competent\" rock refers to rock that is only lightly weathered and is structurally sound and resistant to erosion. But despite the declarations in the PFMA summary, the February near-disaster showed that extensive areas of the rock underlying the concrete spillway and the hillside serving as the emergency spillway were \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/04/07/how-incompetent-rock-led-to-the-oroville-dam-crisis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">incompetent and highly erodible\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The PFMA's assumptions about the main spillway, too, are called into question by records that show DWR was well aware the chute's concrete surface was prone to chronic cracking and that water flowed through numerous flaws in the chute floor and undermined parts of the structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records show the spillway underwent top-to-bottom repairs on at least three occasions, including: \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>1977, when it was less than a decade old.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>1997, after record releases caused what DWR described as \"distress throughout the length of the spillway\" that required issuance of an emergency contract for repair.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>2009, when what the PFMA summary describes as \"minor repairs\" involved repairing cracks, exposed rebar, eroded concrete, broken subsurface drains and voids that had opened under the chute's slab.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The four outside consultants hired to conduct the 2014 Part 12D safety review, including the PFMA process, did not respond to emailed requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Department of Water Resources spokeswoman Erin Mellon said in an email Monday the evidence presented for the potential failure mode analysis included a site inspection and historical documents including past geologic studies of the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While not offering specifics about the data considered, Mellon said \"the information gathered showed the spillway was in good condition and the rock beneath it was extremely competent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Poor-Quality Rock\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>J. David Rogers, a professor of geologic engineering at the Missouri University of Science and Technology who has visited the Oroville facility since the February crisis, said he was startled by the description of the rock under the spillways as being sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The principal issue with performance of the service and emergency spillways has been the poor quality of the underlying 'rock,' \" Rogers said in an email. He characterized the material as \"deeply weathered ... essentially with the consistency of stiff soil, not rock. The depth of weathering varies from 20 to 80 vertical feet, based on simple visual inspection.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'The principal issue with performance of the service and emergency spillways has been the poor quality of the underlying \"rock.\"'\u003ccite>J. David Rogers,\u003cbr>\nMissouri University of Science and Technology\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Rogers said the review panel would not have had \"any easy means\" of determining the true character of the material underlying the spillways -- except perhaps for the appearance of \"apparently competent\" bedrock exposed at the top of the spillway adjacent to the massive control structure that houses a set of eight huge floodgates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the appearance of that apparently sound rock might have been misleading, Rogers said, because crews had to remove 70 feet of material to reach it. Most of the rest of the spillway, he said, was excavated no more than 20 or 25 feet deep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That left masses of weaker material in place under the spillway. When the concrete chute breached during moderate flows in February, he said, \"the rushing water was able to pluck crushed rock and soil\" from beneath the spillway, ultimately destroying it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11316407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/KG_oro_spillway_damage-12011_02_13_2017-e1487088543262.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11316407\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/KG_oro_spillway_damage-12011_02_13_2017-800x546.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"546\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Department of Water Resources crews inspect and evaluate the erosion in the Oroville Dam's emergency spillway on Feb. 13, the day after state officials ordered the immediate evacuation of residents downstream. DWR had concluded in earlier studies that just 1 to 4 feet of erosion would occur if water flowed down the emergency spillway. \u003ccite>(Kelly M. Grow/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emergency Spillway: Theory vs. Reality\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main spillway failure in February came just as a series of powerful, warm storms dumped heavy rain over the Feather River watershed, partially melting a thick blanket of snow that had fallen earlier in the season and triggering a surge of runoff into Lake Oroville. Dam managers responded by ramping up releases down the spillway to about 50,000 cubic feet per second, less than 20 percent of its design capacity and about one-third of its record flow rate in January 1997.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a large hole appeared in the spillway on Feb. 7, DWR temporarily stopped releasing water down the chute, then resumed limited flows as large sections of the rock beneath the concrete structure rapidly eroded -- contrary to the confident assertions that the material was \"very competent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, the lake rose toward its rim. On Feb. 11, for the first time in the dam's history, water began pouring over a 1,700-foot-long weir adjacent to the concrete chute and down the hill designated as the dam's emergency spillway. Less than 30 hours later, on the afternoon of Feb. 12, uphill erosion of the type dismissed by the 2014 PFMA had scoured channels as much as 50 feet deep and appeared to be threatening the stability of the weir. The fear of a collapse, which would unleash a catastrophic flood down the Feather River, prompted the emergency evacuation of Oroville and other riverside communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That uncontrolled flow in February peaked at about 12,500 cubic feet per second, just a tiny fraction of the 350,000 cubic feet -- about 2.6 million gallons -- per second it was supposed to handle. (The regulated \u003ca href=\"http://www.lre.usace.army.mil/Missions/Great-Lakes-Information/Outflows/Discharge-Measurements/Niagara-River/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">flow over Niagara Falls\u003c/a>, by comparison, is 100,000 cfs during \"tourist\" hours.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That theoretical maximum flow over Oroville's emergency weir represented what might happen in a worst-case flood scenario, when both spillways would have a single purpose: preventing water from flowing over the top of Oroville Dam, an event that could lead to the structure's collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Water Resources and FERC had insisted for more than a decade prior to the February emergency -- and through three separate potential failure mode analyses -- that even under the duress of extremely high flows racing down the tree- and brush-covered slope, erosion would be limited to just 1 to 4 feet of surface material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Mellon, the DWR spokeswoman, on Monday repeated earlier department statements that it's up to an independent forensics team -- appointed in March at FERC's direction -- to analyze the causes of the spillway failure. She didn't respond to a question about why DWR's understanding of the conditions underlying the spillways was so different from actual conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal Energy Regulatory Commission spokeswoman Celeste Miller said that a \"panel of expert consultants\" is reviewing the history and performance of the agency's safety program, including past potential failure analyses, for Oroville Dam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Need for Re-evaluation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Martin McCann, an adjunct professor at Stanford’s College of Civil and Environmental Engineering and director of the college’s \u003ca href=\"http://npdp.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Performance of Dams Program\u003c/a>, says the Oroville episode shows a re-evaluation of the way potential failure mode analyses are done may be in order. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In light of the two regulatory bodies and a responsible owner being involved in the PFMA process, we've got to ask ourselves, 'Are we getting it right?'\" McCann said in an interview. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This stuff is not easy -- it really is quite difficult,\" he said. \"It takes expertise, it takes experience, it takes interpretation and evaluation on the part of experts, and that's very hard. Perhaps the process needs to be re-examined.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610666\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11610666\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-800x511.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-800x511.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-1920x1226.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-1180x754.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-960x613.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-375x240.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/KG_oroville_4296_07_21_2017-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">July construction activity below Oroville Dam's emergency weir. Crews are building a massive wall in the slope below the weir to prevent potentially dangerous erosion of the kind that appeared during an overflow in February. \u003ccite>(Kelly M. Grow/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>David Rogers, the Missouri geoengineering expert, said Oroville could shake up future safety dam reviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unexpected failures have a way of waking people up and providing a much needed 'reality check' for both the engineers and the politicians,\" Rogers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those who agrees is Assemblyman James Gallagher, who represents Oroville. He's proposed legislation, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB1270\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AB 1270\u003c/a>, that would require more frequent and tougher dam safety inspections and subject them to periodic review by UC Berkeley's Center for Catastrophic Risk Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gallagher said in an interview last week that the 2014 PFMA decision to decline further study of the possibility of spillway failures \"goes to one of the fundamental issues\" raised by the Oroville crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have independent oversight,\" Gallagher said. \"But the question is, are they asking the right questions? Do they have the right data to properly provide that oversight? ... When something catastrophic happens, do we have enough information and the right processes and procedures in place to handle those situations? And the answer right now is clearly, no, we don't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"updated\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to incorporate information from newly released documents on the 2014 Potential Failure Mode Analysis involving Oroville Dam's main and emergency spillways and to include a response from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. The story has also been edited to add links to some of the historical documents referenced in the text.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For the first time, a generation of children is going through adolescence with smartphones ever-present. \u003ca href=\"http://www.psychology.sdsu.edu/people/jean-twenge/\">Jean Twenge\u003c/a>, a professor of psychology at San Diego State University, has a name for these young people born between 1995 and 2012: \"iGen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says members of this generation are physically safer than those who came before them. They drink less, they learn to drive later and they're holding off on having sex. But psychologically, she argues, they are far more vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental health crisis in decades,\" she writes in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/09/has-the-smartphone-destroyed-a-generation/534198/\">story\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The Atlantic, \u003c/em>adapted from her \u003ca href=\"http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/iGen/Jean-M-Twenge/9781501151989\">forthcoming book\u003c/a>. And she says it's largely because of smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenge spoke to \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> about her research and her conclusions. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/542016165/542087124\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does teen behavior now differ from generations past?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's teens are just not spending as much time with their friends in person, face-to-face, where they can really read each others' emotions and get that social support. And we know from lots and lots of research that spending time with other people in person is one of the best predictors for psychological well-being and one of the best protections against having mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is this generation facing that worries you so much?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>iGen is showing mental health issues across a wide variety of indicators. They're more likely than young people just five or 10 years ago to say that they're anxious, that they have symptoms of depression, that they have thought about suicide or have even [attempted] suicide. So across the board, there's a really consistent trend with mental health issues increasing among teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is it specifically the smartphone, or is it social media? Or is it the number of hours per day spent on these things?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, you look at the pattern of loneliness. It suddenly begins to increase around 2012. And the majority of Americans had a cell phone by the end of 2012, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2013/06/05/smartphone-ownership-2013/\">Pew Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given that using social media for more hours is linked to more loneliness, and that smartphones were used by the majority of Americans around 2012, and that's the same time loneliness increases, that's very suspicious. You can't absolutely prove causation, but by a bunch of different studies, there's this connection between spending a lot of time on social media and feeling lonely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How much of a factor is parenting?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I was somewhat surprised when I interviewed iGen teens how many of them are deeply aware of the negative effects of smartphones. Parenting is playing a role. I think many parents are worried about their teens driving, and going out with their friends and drinking. Yet parents are often not worrying about their teen who stays at home but is on their phone all the time. But they should be worried about that. I think parents are worried about the wrong thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you propose solutions that might help people?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first is just awareness that spending a lot of time on the phone is not harmless and that if you're spending a lot of time on the phone, then it may take away from activities that might be more beneficial for psychological well-being, like spending time with people in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then for parents, I think it is [a] good idea to put off giving your child a smartphone as long as you can. If you feel they need a phone, say, for riding a bus, you can get them a flip phone. They still sell them. And then once your teen has a smartphone, there are apps that allow parents to restrict the number of hours a day that teens are on the smartphone, and also what time of day they use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Smartphones+Are+Making+Kids+Unhappy&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For the first time, a generation of children is going through adolescence with smartphones ever-present. \u003ca href=\"http://www.psychology.sdsu.edu/people/jean-twenge/\">Jean Twenge\u003c/a>, a professor of psychology at San Diego State University, has a name for these young people born between 1995 and 2012: \"iGen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says members of this generation are physically safer than those who came before them. They drink less, they learn to drive later and they're holding off on having sex. But psychologically, she argues, they are far more vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not an exaggeration to describe iGen as being on the brink of the worst mental health crisis in decades,\" she writes in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2017/09/has-the-smartphone-destroyed-a-generation/534198/\">story\u003c/a> in \u003cem>The Atlantic, \u003c/em>adapted from her \u003ca href=\"http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/iGen/Jean-M-Twenge/9781501151989\">forthcoming book\u003c/a>. And she says it's largely because of smartphones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenge spoke to \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> about her research and her conclusions. This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/542016165/542087124\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does teen behavior now differ from generations past?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's teens are just not spending as much time with their friends in person, face-to-face, where they can really read each others' emotions and get that social support. And we know from lots and lots of research that spending time with other people in person is one of the best predictors for psychological well-being and one of the best protections against having mental health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is this generation facing that worries you so much?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>iGen is showing mental health issues across a wide variety of indicators. They're more likely than young people just five or 10 years ago to say that they're anxious, that they have symptoms of depression, that they have thought about suicide or have even [attempted] suicide. So across the board, there's a really consistent trend with mental health issues increasing among teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is it specifically the smartphone, or is it social media? Or is it the number of hours per day spent on these things?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, you look at the pattern of loneliness. It suddenly begins to increase around 2012. And the majority of Americans had a cell phone by the end of 2012, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2013/06/05/smartphone-ownership-2013/\">Pew Center\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given that using social media for more hours is linked to more loneliness, and that smartphones were used by the majority of Americans around 2012, and that's the same time loneliness increases, that's very suspicious. You can't absolutely prove causation, but by a bunch of different studies, there's this connection between spending a lot of time on social media and feeling lonely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How much of a factor is parenting?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I was somewhat surprised when I interviewed iGen teens how many of them are deeply aware of the negative effects of smartphones. Parenting is playing a role. I think many parents are worried about their teens driving, and going out with their friends and drinking. Yet parents are often not worrying about their teen who stays at home but is on their phone all the time. But they should be worried about that. I think parents are worried about the wrong thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you propose solutions that might help people?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first is just awareness that spending a lot of time on the phone is not harmless and that if you're spending a lot of time on the phone, then it may take away from activities that might be more beneficial for psychological well-being, like spending time with people in person.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then for parents, I think it is [a] good idea to put off giving your child a smartphone as long as you can. If you feel they need a phone, say, for riding a bus, you can get them a flip phone. They still sell them. And then once your teen has a smartphone, there are apps that allow parents to restrict the number of hours a day that teens are on the smartphone, and also what time of day they use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Smartphones+Are+Making+Kids+Unhappy&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Women in tech need to be more proactive in how they take their companies to task on sexism and gender inequality — including filing lawsuits, lawyer Anita Hill told KQED on Tuesday, in response to a senior engineer’s controversial memo condemning Google’s diversity initiatives. Hill is a professor of social policy, law, and women’s, gender and sexuality studies at Brandeis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineer who wrote the memo, James Damore, was fired late Monday. In the memo, he \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/3914586/Googles-Ideological-Echo-Chamber.pdf\">wrote\u003c/a> that “biological causes” are part of the reason women aren’t represented equally in Google’s tech departments and leadership. Damore also said men have a “higher drive for status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/2017/08/AnitaHillInterview.mp3\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS26157_GettyImages-131933334-qut-1180x887.jpg\" title=\"An Interview with Anita Hill\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill, who made national headlines in 1991 for accusing her former boss Clarence Thomas — then a U.S. Supreme Court nominee — of sexual harassment, said women have to lead the charge to change the culture in tech. For her, that means legal action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m hesitant to put more on women but I believe that there are some people ready to take that step, and when some step forward to file a complaint, others will join,” she said. “That’s really been my personal experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/08/opinion/anita-hill-women-in-tech-should-take-sexism-to-court.html?action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=opinion-c-col-left-region®ion=opinion-c-col-left-region&WT.nav=opinion-c-col-left-region\">New York Times\u003c/a> opinion piece published Tuesday, Hill outlined what she sees as the most effective ways for women to combat sexism, gender inequality and arguments like Damore’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”zITiavysgZlI8CUP8DciBWNidZgow1kC”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t afford to wait for the tech industry to police itself — and there are few indications that it will ever do so,” she wrote. “Women in the industry should collectively consider their legal options. Top among these would be class-action discrimination cases against employers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last few years, women have \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/4/10/15246444/history-gender-timeline-discrimination-lawsuits-legal-silicon-valley-google-oracle\">filed discrimination lawsuits\u003c/a> against several tech companies. Many of these cases are ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I expect there will be co-workers who say you should be grateful to have this position. I think those are the most damaging feedback women can get. Dismissal by their co-workers,” Hill told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also noted the emotional toll that lawsuits can take. After she accused Thomas of sexual harassment, he denied all wrongdoing and was confirmed to the high court. Hill was ostracized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no answer to the problems that’s easy or quick,” she said. “But for those who have gone through the process it can be fulfilling and empowering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the lawsuits, women have a vastly marginalized position in tech. Among other things, they are underrepresented by a large degree and receive less pay than their male counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adriana Gascoigne, CEO of the nonprofit S.F.-based Girls in Tech, said she agreed “100 percent” with Hill’s assessment that women needed to pursue individual and class-action lawsuits to push back against sexism and inequality in tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet other women weren’t convinced lawsuits would always be the best route for pushing change in tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That may be necessary but not sufficient,” said Elizabeth Ames, senior vice president at the Palo Alto-based Anita Borg Institute, an advocacy group for women in tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that’s clear, however: The focus should be on the work and value that women are contributing to tech and not on a memo written by a man, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are many senior-level executive technical women at Google today who are doing fantastic work and we don’t really hear much about them,” Ames said. “Instead, we’re wasting time talking about this guy.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Women in tech need to be more proactive in how they take their companies to task on sexism and gender inequality — including filing lawsuits, lawyer Anita Hill told KQED on Tuesday, in response to a senior engineer’s controversial memo condemning Google’s diversity initiatives. Hill is a professor of social policy, law, and women’s, gender and sexuality studies at Brandeis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineer who wrote the memo, James Damore, was fired late Monday. In the memo, he \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/3914586/Googles-Ideological-Echo-Chamber.pdf\">wrote\u003c/a> that “biological causes” are part of the reason women aren’t represented equally in Google’s tech departments and leadership. Damore also said men have a “higher drive for status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hill, who made national headlines in 1991 for accusing her former boss Clarence Thomas — then a U.S. Supreme Court nominee — of sexual harassment, said women have to lead the charge to change the culture in tech. For her, that means legal action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m hesitant to put more on women but I believe that there are some people ready to take that step, and when some step forward to file a complaint, others will join,” she said. “That’s really been my personal experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/08/opinion/anita-hill-women-in-tech-should-take-sexism-to-court.html?action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=opinion-c-col-left-region®ion=opinion-c-col-left-region&WT.nav=opinion-c-col-left-region\">New York Times\u003c/a> opinion piece published Tuesday, Hill outlined what she sees as the most effective ways for women to combat sexism, gender inequality and arguments like Damore’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t afford to wait for the tech industry to police itself — and there are few indications that it will ever do so,” she wrote. “Women in the industry should collectively consider their legal options. Top among these would be class-action discrimination cases against employers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last few years, women have \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/4/10/15246444/history-gender-timeline-discrimination-lawsuits-legal-silicon-valley-google-oracle\">filed discrimination lawsuits\u003c/a> against several tech companies. Many of these cases are ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I expect there will be co-workers who say you should be grateful to have this position. I think those are the most damaging feedback women can get. Dismissal by their co-workers,” Hill told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also noted the emotional toll that lawsuits can take. After she accused Thomas of sexual harassment, he denied all wrongdoing and was confirmed to the high court. Hill was ostracized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have no answer to the problems that’s easy or quick,” she said. “But for those who have gone through the process it can be fulfilling and empowering.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the lawsuits, women have a vastly marginalized position in tech. Among other things, they are underrepresented by a large degree and receive less pay than their male counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adriana Gascoigne, CEO of the nonprofit S.F.-based Girls in Tech, said she agreed “100 percent” with Hill’s assessment that women needed to pursue individual and class-action lawsuits to push back against sexism and inequality in tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet other women weren’t convinced lawsuits would always be the best route for pushing change in tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That may be necessary but not sufficient,” said Elizabeth Ames, senior vice president at the Palo Alto-based Anita Borg Institute, an advocacy group for women in tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that’s clear, however: The focus should be on the work and value that women are contributing to tech and not on a memo written by a man, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are many senior-level executive technical women at Google today who are doing fantastic work and we don’t really hear much about them,” Ames said. “Instead, we’re wasting time talking about this guy.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Kern County agricultural officials announced Tuesday that they are issuing more than $50,000 in fines against two companies for violating pesticide rules in connection with an incident that sickened 37 farmworkers in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firms facing penalties are Sun Pacific, the produce company behind the popular Cuties mandarins and clementines, and Grapeman Farms. Both companies have operations throughout the Central Valley and Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the penalties comes as agricultural commissioners in three California counties investigate several other chemical drift incidents that sickened some three dozen agricultural workers over the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kern County fines are the result of an investigation by the county agricultural department that found the companies’ use of two pesticides near Maricopa on May 5 violated state law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The penalties are the most expensive fines issued by the county in several years, according to Glenn Fankhauser, Kern County agricultural commissioner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to do everything we can to protect the public and the environment,” Fankhauser said. “Integral to this is agricultural safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fieldworkers who became ill were harvesting cabbage for the Dan Andrews Farms. That morning, as many as 37 employees complained of an odor that made them sick. Officials say five of them sought medical treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural officials took foliage samples from fields in the area. Lab tests on those samples confirmed that Vulcan, a pesticide with the controversial chemical \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/29/521898976/will-the-epa-reject-a-pesticide-or-its-own-scientific-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chlorpyrifos\u003c/a>, and Cosavet DF, which contains sulfur, had drifted a half-mile away, into the area where the cabbage-harvesting employees were working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sun Pacific was fined $30,250 for violating five pesticide laws. It had applied Vulcan to a number of seedless tangerine fields starting the evening before the workers got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators said the company improperly sprayed the chemical because it used a nozzle that violated the pesticide company’s label guidelines. Growers who use Vulcan are supposed to ensure that their sprays involve droplets that are too heavy to be carried through the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They used nozzles which created a mist which was too fine than was specified on the label,” Fankhauser said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grapeman was penalized $20,000 for violating two pesticide regulations. The company applied Cosavet DF to several grape sites an hour before the illnesses were reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was windy the morning the grower used the pesticide, investigators said. The company should not have sprayed the chemicals, given the weather conditions and the possibility they could have drifted to nearby fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives of Sun Pacific and Grapeman Farms have yet to respond to requests for comment. Both companies can appeal the fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The penalties were announced less than a week after more than a dozen farmworkers in South Bakersfield got sick, possibly because of a chemical drift. Kern County fire officials say 13 people in that Aug. 2 incident were decontaminated after complaining of eye irritation and nausea while working in a garlic field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fankhauser says his office is investigating six farm labor contractors, landowners and pesticide applicators in connection with last week’s case. Investigators believe Vulcan and Vapam, a soil fumigant, may have gotten those workers sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, two dozen farmworkers in the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/30/chemicals-sicken-two-dozen-central-coast-farm-workers-in-one-week/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Salinas and Watsonville\u003c/a> areas were hospitalized after chemical drifts apparently made them sick, incidents that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/06/advocates-concerned-about-chemical-drifts-that-sickened-central-coast-farmworkers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alarmed farmworker advocates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growers tied to Dole Food Co. and Driscoll’s, a major berry distributor, are under investigation in connection with the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/01/driscolls-tied-to-central-coast-chemical-incident-that-sickened-farmworkers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Watsonville case\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to do everything we can to protect the public and the environment,” Fankhauser said. “Integral to this is agricultural safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fieldworkers who became ill were harvesting cabbage for the Dan Andrews Farms. That morning, as many as 37 employees complained of an odor that made them sick. Officials say five of them sought medical treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agricultural officials took foliage samples from fields in the area. Lab tests on those samples confirmed that Vulcan, a pesticide with the controversial chemical \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/03/29/521898976/will-the-epa-reject-a-pesticide-or-its-own-scientific-evidence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">chlorpyrifos\u003c/a>, and Cosavet DF, which contains sulfur, had drifted a half-mile away, into the area where the cabbage-harvesting employees were working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sun Pacific was fined $30,250 for violating five pesticide laws. It had applied Vulcan to a number of seedless tangerine fields starting the evening before the workers got sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators said the company improperly sprayed the chemical because it used a nozzle that violated the pesticide company’s label guidelines. Growers who use Vulcan are supposed to ensure that their sprays involve droplets that are too heavy to be carried through the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They used nozzles which created a mist which was too fine than was specified on the label,” Fankhauser said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grapeman was penalized $20,000 for violating two pesticide regulations. The company applied Cosavet DF to several grape sites an hour before the illnesses were reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was windy the morning the grower used the pesticide, investigators said. The company should not have sprayed the chemicals, given the weather conditions and the possibility they could have drifted to nearby fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives of Sun Pacific and Grapeman Farms have yet to respond to requests for comment. Both companies can appeal the fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The penalties were announced less than a week after more than a dozen farmworkers in South Bakersfield got sick, possibly because of a chemical drift. Kern County fire officials say 13 people in that Aug. 2 incident were decontaminated after complaining of eye irritation and nausea while working in a garlic field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fankhauser says his office is investigating six farm labor contractors, landowners and pesticide applicators in connection with last week’s case. Investigators believe Vulcan and Vapam, a soil fumigant, may have gotten those workers sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, two dozen farmworkers in the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/30/chemicals-sicken-two-dozen-central-coast-farm-workers-in-one-week/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Salinas and Watsonville\u003c/a> areas were hospitalized after chemical drifts apparently made them sick, incidents that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/06/advocates-concerned-about-chemical-drifts-that-sickened-central-coast-farmworkers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alarmed farmworker advocates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growers tied to Dole Food Co. and Driscoll’s, a major berry distributor, are under investigation in connection with the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/01/driscolls-tied-to-central-coast-chemical-incident-that-sickened-farmworkers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Watsonville case\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A draft government report on climate says the U.S. is already experiencing the consequences of global warming. The findings sharply contrast with statements by President Trump and some members of his Cabinet, who have sought to downplay the changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/07/climate/document-Draft-of-the-Climate-Science-Special-Report.html\">leaked ahead of publication\u003c/a> and reported by \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> on Tuesday, says Americans are seeing more heat waves and rainfall as a result of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, known as the Climate Science Special Report, is part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.globalchange.gov/nca4\">National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>, which is mandated by Congress every four years and provides a synthesis of the federal government's knowledge about the state of the climate. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/05/06/310021768/new-report-finds-climate-change-already-having-broad-impact\">Previous assessments\u003c/a> have shown that climate change is already affecting the United States' weather and economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The draft report, by agencies such as NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, echoes that message. It finds that the world has warmed by about 1.6 degrees Fahrenheit over the past 150 years and that human activity is the primary cause for that warming. In the U.S., the report says the largest temperature increases have taken place in the West. It also found an increase in extreme precipitation events in the Northeast. The report concludes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Many lines of evidence demonstrate that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gasses, are primarily responsible for observed climate changes in the industrial era. There are no alternative explanations, and no natural cycles found in the observational record that can explain the observed changes in climate.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It concludes with high confidence that humans are responsible for effectively all observed warming since 1951.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That statement is directly at odds with statements from Trump and key Cabinet members. The head of Trump's Environmental Protection Agency, Scott Pruitt, has said there is \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/09/519425866/epa-chief-scott-pruitt-questions-basic-facts-about-climate-change\">tremendous disagreement\u003c/a>\" on the impact humans have had on the climate. And in June,\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/06/01/531090243/trumps-speech-on-paris-climate-agreement-withdrawal-annotated\"> Trump announced\u003c/a> that the U.S. would withdraw from the so-called Paris agreement on climate change, which is the main international effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"RRDwYi4km7yO1wY3ui9YZ3cjkHcPjRGH\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump sent official notice of the U.S. intention to withdraw late last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because we pulled out of the Paris accord doesn't mean we believe in climate production,\" Trump's ambassador to the U.N., Nikki Haley, said on NBC's \u003cem>Today\u003c/em> show. \"What we're saying is, we're not going to sell out American businesses to do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time it was leaked, the draft report had been completed for months and was awaiting the administration's approval ahead of publication. However, key positions involved in vetting the report, such as the presidential science adviser, have gone unfilled by Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The\u003cem> Times\u003c/em> was the first to report on the draft report's conclusions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, a White House official noted that \"drafts of this report have been published and made widely available online months ago during the public comment period. The White House will withhold comment on any draft report before its scheduled release date.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+Already+Feeling+Consequences+Of+Global+Warming%2C+Draft+Report+Finds&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A draft government report on climate says the U.S. is already experiencing the consequences of global warming. The findings sharply contrast with statements by President Trump and some members of his Cabinet, who have sought to downplay the changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document, which was \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/07/climate/document-Draft-of-the-Climate-Science-Special-Report.html\">leaked ahead of publication\u003c/a> and reported by \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> on Tuesday, says Americans are seeing more heat waves and rainfall as a result of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, known as the Climate Science Special Report, is part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.globalchange.gov/nca4\">National Climate Assessment\u003c/a>, which is mandated by Congress every four years and provides a synthesis of the federal government's knowledge about the state of the climate. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/05/06/310021768/new-report-finds-climate-change-already-having-broad-impact\">Previous assessments\u003c/a> have shown that climate change is already affecting the United States' weather and economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The draft report, by agencies such as NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, echoes that message. It finds that the world has warmed by about 1.6 degrees Fahrenheit over the past 150 years and that human activity is the primary cause for that warming. In the U.S., the report says the largest temperature increases have taken place in the West. It also found an increase in extreme precipitation events in the Northeast. The report concludes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Many lines of evidence demonstrate that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gasses, are primarily responsible for observed climate changes in the industrial era. There are no alternative explanations, and no natural cycles found in the observational record that can explain the observed changes in climate.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It concludes with high confidence that humans are responsible for effectively all observed warming since 1951.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That statement is directly at odds with statements from Trump and key Cabinet members. The head of Trump's Environmental Protection Agency, Scott Pruitt, has said there is \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/09/519425866/epa-chief-scott-pruitt-questions-basic-facts-about-climate-change\">tremendous disagreement\u003c/a>\" on the impact humans have had on the climate. And in June,\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/06/01/531090243/trumps-speech-on-paris-climate-agreement-withdrawal-annotated\"> Trump announced\u003c/a> that the U.S. would withdraw from the so-called Paris agreement on climate change, which is the main international effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump sent official notice of the U.S. intention to withdraw late last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just because we pulled out of the Paris accord doesn't mean we believe in climate production,\" Trump's ambassador to the U.N., Nikki Haley, said on NBC's \u003cem>Today\u003c/em> show. \"What we're saying is, we're not going to sell out American businesses to do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time it was leaked, the draft report had been completed for months and was awaiting the administration's approval ahead of publication. However, key positions involved in vetting the report, such as the presidential science adviser, have gone unfilled by Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The\u003cem> Times\u003c/em> was the first to report on the draft report's conclusions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, a White House official noted that \"drafts of this report have been published and made widely available online months ago during the public comment period. The White House will withhold comment on any draft report before its scheduled release date.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+Already+Feeling+Consequences+Of+Global+Warming%2C+Draft+Report+Finds&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Murder Rate in East Palo Alto So Far This Year? Zero",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s National Night Out in East Palo Alto, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.east-palo-alto.ca.us/index.aspx?NID=320\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mayor Larry Moody\u003c/a> hops into \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.east-palo-alto.ca.us/index.aspx?NID=559\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">police Cmdr. Jerry Alcaraz’s\u003c/a> black SUV. They’ve got a busy night ahead — several blocks in the city are having parties. Their first stop is the Light Tree Apartments off Highway 101.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first time Alcaraz is attending a block party at Light Tree, an affordable housing complex. Back in the day, he says, it was not a place where police were welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to say it’s weird being here, but 10 to 15 years ago I wouldn’t have expected Light Tree would be hosting a National Night Out,” Alcaraz says on the evening of Aug. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-05/local/me-833_1_east-palo-alto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1992\u003c/a>, East Palo Alto had the highest homicide rate in the country. Forty-two people were murdered that year. Now, 25 years later, the city is boasting another milestone: For the first time in two decades, the murder rate so far this year is zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that change is evident at Light Tree. In the ’90s and early 2000s, Light Tree was known as a major spot where people would come to buy drugs. There were constant reports of gunshots. When police showed up, Alcaraz says few people were willing to talk to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those things where we rarely drove our patrol vehicles in here,” he says. “We would park on the outside and walk in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610511\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11610511 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cmdr. Jerry Alcaraz talks with an East Palo Alto resident during National Night Out on Aug. 1. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days the scene at Light Tree is altogether different. Alcaraz and Moody drive right into the complex. As the mayor walks toward a crowd of families eating pozole and barbecue, he’s greeted with warm smiles and tight hugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hey young man, you play ball?” Moody yells out to a teenager walking toward the food line. The two strike up a conversation, and as they part ways, the mayor suggests the young man check out the YMCA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve got so much going on there,” Moody says. “They will even help you with your studies. You should check it out!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610504\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11610504 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Residents of East Palo Alto enjoy live music during National Night Out. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some people describe East Palo Alto in the ’80s and early ’90s as almost feeling like a war zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the city hit a tipping point after East Palo Alto police aggressively began efforts to break up the gangs that had infested the city. In 2014, 16 people from three East Palo Alto gangs were indicted on murder and other charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We became a community that was sick and tired of being sick and tired,” Moody says. “We didn’t want to continue to accept the fact that children could be killed in East Palo Alto and nobody cared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alcaraz is hesitant about being too self-congratulatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way the crime rate would have dropped just because of the police,” Alcaraz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the community stepped up. They report crimes more often and are willing to talk to the police. He shares a story of investigating a crime that recently happened in the city. Alcaraz says that by the time he got back to the police precinct, he had received calls from witnesses and neighbors offering information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That rarely happened years ago,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there is Facebook. Six years ago, the social media giant built its headquarters at the edge of East Palo Alto in the neighboring city of Menlo Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move has sparked a steady stream of growth for the city. A Target store recently opened in the city’s core, Amazon will soon open a new office, and several commercial and residential developments are in the works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Moody believes gentrification has had \u003ci>some\u003c/i> impact on crime rates, it’s not the whole story. According to U.S. Census data, the median income and education level for residents in East Palo Alto hasn’t shifted much in the last 17 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto Mendoza was born and raised in East Palo Alto. He also raised his children here. He says he’s glad the neighborhoods are safer, but the accelerating gentrification poses new challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel pushed out in some sorts,” Mendoza says. “What’s going to happen to the lower-income families? Like ourselves?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610512\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11610512\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">East Palo Alto, National Night Out \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moody says the city is working on bringing affordable housing through public/private partnerships. And he believes the steep murder rate decline is a significant sign that this small but robust city is headed in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with that, Moody and Alcaraz wave goodbye and head to the next block party.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s National Night Out in East Palo Alto, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.east-palo-alto.ca.us/index.aspx?NID=320\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mayor Larry Moody\u003c/a> hops into \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.east-palo-alto.ca.us/index.aspx?NID=559\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">police Cmdr. Jerry Alcaraz’s\u003c/a> black SUV. They’ve got a busy night ahead — several blocks in the city are having parties. Their first stop is the Light Tree Apartments off Highway 101.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first time Alcaraz is attending a block party at Light Tree, an affordable housing complex. Back in the day, he says, it was not a place where police were welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to say it’s weird being here, but 10 to 15 years ago I wouldn’t have expected Light Tree would be hosting a National Night Out,” Alcaraz says on the evening of Aug. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-05/local/me-833_1_east-palo-alto\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1992\u003c/a>, East Palo Alto had the highest homicide rate in the country. Forty-two people were murdered that year. Now, 25 years later, the city is boasting another milestone: For the first time in two decades, the murder rate so far this year is zero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that change is evident at Light Tree. In the ’90s and early 2000s, Light Tree was known as a major spot where people would come to buy drugs. There were constant reports of gunshots. When police showed up, Alcaraz says few people were willing to talk to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those things where we rarely drove our patrol vehicles in here,” he says. “We would park on the outside and walk in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610511\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11610511 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1211.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cmdr. Jerry Alcaraz talks with an East Palo Alto resident during National Night Out on Aug. 1. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days the scene at Light Tree is altogether different. Alcaraz and Moody drive right into the complex. As the mayor walks toward a crowd of families eating pozole and barbecue, he’s greeted with warm smiles and tight hugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hey young man, you play ball?” Moody yells out to a teenager walking toward the food line. The two strike up a conversation, and as they part ways, the mayor suggests the young man check out the YMCA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve got so much going on there,” Moody says. “They will even help you with your studies. You should check it out!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610504\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11610504 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1256.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Residents of East Palo Alto enjoy live music during National Night Out. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some people describe East Palo Alto in the ’80s and early ’90s as almost feeling like a war zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the city hit a tipping point after East Palo Alto police aggressively began efforts to break up the gangs that had infested the city. In 2014, 16 people from three East Palo Alto gangs were indicted on murder and other charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We became a community that was sick and tired of being sick and tired,” Moody says. “We didn’t want to continue to accept the fact that children could be killed in East Palo Alto and nobody cared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alcaraz is hesitant about being too self-congratulatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way the crime rate would have dropped just because of the police,” Alcaraz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the community stepped up. They report crimes more often and are willing to talk to the police. He shares a story of investigating a crime that recently happened in the city. Alcaraz says that by the time he got back to the police precinct, he had received calls from witnesses and neighbors offering information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That rarely happened years ago,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there is Facebook. Six years ago, the social media giant built its headquarters at the edge of East Palo Alto in the neighboring city of Menlo Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move has sparked a steady stream of growth for the city. A Target store recently opened in the city’s core, Amazon will soon open a new office, and several commercial and residential developments are in the works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Moody believes gentrification has had \u003ci>some\u003c/i> impact on crime rates, it’s not the whole story. According to U.S. Census data, the median income and education level for residents in East Palo Alto hasn’t shifted much in the last 17 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto Mendoza was born and raised in East Palo Alto. He also raised his children here. He says he’s glad the neighborhoods are safer, but the accelerating gentrification poses new challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel pushed out in some sorts,” Mendoza says. “What’s going to happen to the lower-income families? Like ourselves?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11610512\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11610512\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/IMG_1253.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">East Palo Alto, National Night Out \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moody says the city is working on bringing affordable housing through public/private partnerships. And he believes the steep murder rate decline is a significant sign that this small but robust city is headed in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with that, Moody and Alcaraz wave goodbye and head to the next block party.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Google CEO Sundar Pichai cut his vacation short and returned to the company’s Mountain View headquarters as criticism mounted over a senior engineer’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/08/07/542020041/google-grapples-with-fallout-after-employee-slams-diversity-efforts\">controversial memo\u003c/a> condemning Google’s diversity initiatives. The engineer was subsequently fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo, which some inside Google jokingly called a “manifesto,” was widely shared inside and outside the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Damore \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/3914586/Googles-Ideological-Echo-Chamber.pdf\">wrote\u003c/a> that “biological causes” are part of the reason women aren’t represented equally in its tech departments and leadership. In addition, Damore said men have a “higher drive for status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”o4MdZedeqCFhMC3UGpgCkIin4iblZwmR”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damore also criticized the company for being an “ideological echo chamber” that made it hard to dissent from “Google’s left bias” and “politically correct monoculture.” He also faulted the company for offering mentoring and other opportunities to its employees based on gender or race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pichai \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.google/topics/diversity/note-employees-ceo-sundar-pichai/\">released a memo\u003c/a> of his own Monday night about the situation. Pichai said that he supported the right of workers to express themselves but that the memo had gone too far. The CEO wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The memo has clearly impacted our co-workers, some of whom are hurting and feel judged based on their gender. Our co-workers shouldn’t have to worry that each time they open their mouths to speak in a meeting, they have to prove that they are not like the memo states, being ‘agreeable’ rather than ‘assertive,’ showing a ‘lower stress tolerance,’ or being ‘neurotic.’ “\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Pichai said portions of Damore’s memo violate “our Code of Conduct and cross the line by advancing harmful gender stereotypes in our workplace.” Pichai has scheduled an all-staff meeting to discuss the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/542210855/542286113\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>, Damore said he is likely to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/business/google-women-engineer-fired-memo.html\">pursue legal action\u003c/a>. “I have a legal right to express my concerns about the terms and conditions of my working environment and to bring up potentially illegal behavior, which is what my document does,” Damore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, social media continues to churn with tweets and posts on both sides of the issue. Conservative sites like \u003ca href=\"http://thefederalist.com/2017/08/08/google-fires-engineer-noticing-men-women-different/\">The Federalist\u003c/a> saw the firing as proof of Damore’s point that Google does not tolerate diversity of opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, former Google employee Kelly Ellis, who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/08/07/542087066/google-engineers-criticism-of-diversity-programs-sparks-controversy\">told NPR on Monday\u003c/a> that she thought Google should fire Damore, sent out tweets supporting the decision. Ellis says she left Google because she was sexually harassed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellis said Google promotes employees and determines salaries based on peer evaluations. Therefore, she says, Damore’s bias against women could harm female colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Google+CEO+Cuts+Vacation+Short+To+Deal+With+Crisis+Over+Diversity+Memo&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Google CEO Sundar Pichai cut his vacation short and returned to the company’s Mountain View headquarters as criticism mounted over a senior engineer’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/08/07/542020041/google-grapples-with-fallout-after-employee-slams-diversity-efforts\">controversial memo\u003c/a> condemning Google’s diversity initiatives. The engineer was subsequently fired.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo, which some inside Google jokingly called a “manifesto,” was widely shared inside and outside the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>James Damore \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/3914586/Googles-Ideological-Echo-Chamber.pdf\">wrote\u003c/a> that “biological causes” are part of the reason women aren’t represented equally in its tech departments and leadership. In addition, Damore said men have a “higher drive for status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Damore also criticized the company for being an “ideological echo chamber” that made it hard to dissent from “Google’s left bias” and “politically correct monoculture.” He also faulted the company for offering mentoring and other opportunities to its employees based on gender or race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pichai \u003ca href=\"https://www.blog.google/topics/diversity/note-employees-ceo-sundar-pichai/\">released a memo\u003c/a> of his own Monday night about the situation. Pichai said that he supported the right of workers to express themselves but that the memo had gone too far. The CEO wrote:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The memo has clearly impacted our co-workers, some of whom are hurting and feel judged based on their gender. Our co-workers shouldn’t have to worry that each time they open their mouths to speak in a meeting, they have to prove that they are not like the memo states, being ‘agreeable’ rather than ‘assertive,’ showing a ‘lower stress tolerance,’ or being ‘neurotic.’ “\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Pichai said portions of Damore’s memo violate “our Code of Conduct and cross the line by advancing harmful gender stereotypes in our workplace.” Pichai has scheduled an all-staff meeting to discuss the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/542210855/542286113\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>, Damore said he is likely to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/business/google-women-engineer-fired-memo.html\">pursue legal action\u003c/a>. “I have a legal right to express my concerns about the terms and conditions of my working environment and to bring up potentially illegal behavior, which is what my document does,” Damore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, social media continues to churn with tweets and posts on both sides of the issue. Conservative sites like \u003ca href=\"http://thefederalist.com/2017/08/08/google-fires-engineer-noticing-men-women-different/\">The Federalist\u003c/a> saw the firing as proof of Damore’s point that Google does not tolerate diversity of opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, former Google employee Kelly Ellis, who \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/08/07/542087066/google-engineers-criticism-of-diversity-programs-sparks-controversy\">told NPR on Monday\u003c/a> that she thought Google should fire Damore, sent out tweets supporting the decision. Ellis says she left Google because she was sexually harassed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ellis said Google promotes employees and determines salaries based on peer evaluations. Therefore, she says, Damore’s bias against women could harm female colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Google+CEO+Cuts+Vacation+Short+To+Deal+With+Crisis+Over+Diversity+Memo&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>26 Presidio Terrace, a four-floor San Francisco mansion, was recently \u003ca href=\"https://sf.curbed.com/2016/7/11/12149666/presidio-terrance-mansion-price-home-sf\">on the market\u003c/a> for $14.5 million. 30 Presidio Terrace, a neighbor in the gated community, last sold for \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/CA/San-Francisco/30-Presidio-Ter-94118/home/1278737\">$9.5 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Presidio Terrace itself? As in, the street? The strip of pavement these tony residents rely on to reach their front doors? The private road the homeowners association has owned for more than a century?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a bargain. After the homeowners association failed to pay a $14 tax bill -- for three decades -- the street went up for auction, the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> reports. A San Jose couple snagged it for about $90,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tina Lam and Michael Cheng made their strategic purchase in 2015. But now, the newspaper writes, \"they're looking to cash in — maybe by charging the residents of those mansions to park on their own private street.\" Or, lacking that, opening the spots up to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheng, a real estate investor who was born in Taiwan, tells the newspaper the couple \"got lucky.\" Lam, a Silicon Valley engineer who immigrated from Hong Kong, says she \"really just wanted to own something in San Francisco\" because she loves the city so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole story is well worth a read \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/matier-ross/article/Rich-SF-residents-get-a-shock-Someone-bought-11738236.php\">over at the Chronicle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presidio Terrace was originally built as an enclave for white residents, as \u003ca href=\"https://sf.curbed.com/2016/5/24/11760976/presidio-terrace-home-millions\">Curbed San Francisco\u003c/a> noted last year. The Virtual Museum of San Francisco \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.net/hist/timeline.html\">quotes an ad from 1906\u003c/a>, bemoaning the fact that Japanese and Chinese residents were moving into neighborhoods and saying, \"There is only one spot in San Francisco where only Caucasians are permitted to buy or lease real estate or where they may reside. That place is Presidio Terrace.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presidio Terrace, along with many other wealthy neighborhoods, continued to prohibit ownership by nonwhites until 1948, the \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em> notes. That year, the Supreme Court blocked such racial covenants from being enforced. (Some neighborhoods tried to uphold their racial covenants even after they were illegal; member station WAMU has \u003ca href=\"http://wamu.org/story/14/01/17/how_racial_covenants_shaped_dc_neighborhoods/\">reported on\u003c/a> an example in Washington, D.C.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, Presidio Terrace is \u003ca href=\"http://sfist.com/2007/06/06/sfist_photo_presdio_terrace_sfs_gated_community.php\">gated and guarded\u003c/a>. SFGate \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/matier-ross/article/Feinstein-s-16-5-million-view-in-Pacific-Heights-2523619.php\">described\u003c/a> it as \"very private and swank.\" San Francisco's late former mayor \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/zillow/2013/04/05/mansion-once-home-to-former-san-fran-mayor-joe-alioto-for-sale/#d888b8eb976d\">Joseph Alioto\u003c/a> used to be a resident, as did \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/2005/08/01/luxuryrealestate-mansions-lifestyle-cx_sc_0801how_ls.html\">Sen. Dianne Feinstein\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/2005/08/01/luxuryrealestate-mansions-lifestyle-cx_sc_0801how_ls.html\">.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3914473-Presidio-Lawsuit.html\">a lawsuit\u003c/a> filed by the Presidio Terrace Association, the neighborhood's current residents didn't find out about the sale of their private road until this May — more than two years after it happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all started with a $14 bill. Or, well, a lot of $14 bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The homeowners association says in the lawsuit that, based on city records, \"the property taxes on the Common Area have been less than $14.00 annually for the past several years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The taxes weren't paid for \"many years,\" the association says, because the city was sending the bills to an address \"associated with an accountant who last performed work for the Association in the 1980s.\" A warning that the account was in default, owing $994.77, was sent to the same address. It, too, went unnoticed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months later, the street was auctioned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Incidentally, are you wondering how much each resident paid to that HOA? \u003ca href=\"https://sf.curbed.com/2013/10/21/10184914/presidio-terrace-trophy-property-takes-245k-off-its-price\">Based\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"http://blog.sfgate.com/ontheblock/2013/04/01/former-mayor-alioto-mansion-in-presidio-terrace-hits-the-mls/\">news reports\u003c/a>, it's well north of $500 a month.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city should have known the address was wrong, the residents say. They're calling for the sale to be rescinded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of the treasurer-tax collector does not seem persuaded by that argument. A spokeswoman told the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle \u003c/em>there was nothing they could do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, the spokeswoman told the paper, \"Ninety-nine percent of property owners in San Francisco know what they need to do, and they pay their taxes on time — and they keep their mailing address up to date.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wealthy+San+Francisco+Neighborhood+Fails+To+Pay+Taxes%2C+Loses+Private+Street&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "After a series of $14 tax bills went unnoticed, San Francisco auctioned Presidio Terrace off to the highest bidder -- a couple from San Jose. They're thinking of charging residents to park there.",
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"description": "After a series of $14 tax bills went unnoticed, San Francisco auctioned Presidio Terrace off to the highest bidder -- a couple from San Jose. They're thinking of charging residents to park there.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>26 Presidio Terrace, a four-floor San Francisco mansion, was recently \u003ca href=\"https://sf.curbed.com/2016/7/11/12149666/presidio-terrance-mansion-price-home-sf\">on the market\u003c/a> for $14.5 million. 30 Presidio Terrace, a neighbor in the gated community, last sold for \u003ca href=\"https://www.redfin.com/CA/San-Francisco/30-Presidio-Ter-94118/home/1278737\">$9.5 million\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Presidio Terrace itself? As in, the street? The strip of pavement these tony residents rely on to reach their front doors? The private road the homeowners association has owned for more than a century?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a bargain. After the homeowners association failed to pay a $14 tax bill -- for three decades -- the street went up for auction, the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> reports. A San Jose couple snagged it for about $90,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tina Lam and Michael Cheng made their strategic purchase in 2015. But now, the newspaper writes, \"they're looking to cash in — maybe by charging the residents of those mansions to park on their own private street.\" Or, lacking that, opening the spots up to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cheng, a real estate investor who was born in Taiwan, tells the newspaper the couple \"got lucky.\" Lam, a Silicon Valley engineer who immigrated from Hong Kong, says she \"really just wanted to own something in San Francisco\" because she loves the city so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole story is well worth a read \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/matier-ross/article/Rich-SF-residents-get-a-shock-Someone-bought-11738236.php\">over at the Chronicle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presidio Terrace was originally built as an enclave for white residents, as \u003ca href=\"https://sf.curbed.com/2016/5/24/11760976/presidio-terrace-home-millions\">Curbed San Francisco\u003c/a> noted last year. The Virtual Museum of San Francisco \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfmuseum.net/hist/timeline.html\">quotes an ad from 1906\u003c/a>, bemoaning the fact that Japanese and Chinese residents were moving into neighborhoods and saying, \"There is only one spot in San Francisco where only Caucasians are permitted to buy or lease real estate or where they may reside. That place is Presidio Terrace.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presidio Terrace, along with many other wealthy neighborhoods, continued to prohibit ownership by nonwhites until 1948, the \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em> notes. That year, the Supreme Court blocked such racial covenants from being enforced. (Some neighborhoods tried to uphold their racial covenants even after they were illegal; member station WAMU has \u003ca href=\"http://wamu.org/story/14/01/17/how_racial_covenants_shaped_dc_neighborhoods/\">reported on\u003c/a> an example in Washington, D.C.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, Presidio Terrace is \u003ca href=\"http://sfist.com/2007/06/06/sfist_photo_presdio_terrace_sfs_gated_community.php\">gated and guarded\u003c/a>. SFGate \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/matier-ross/article/Feinstein-s-16-5-million-view-in-Pacific-Heights-2523619.php\">described\u003c/a> it as \"very private and swank.\" San Francisco's late former mayor \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/zillow/2013/04/05/mansion-once-home-to-former-san-fran-mayor-joe-alioto-for-sale/#d888b8eb976d\">Joseph Alioto\u003c/a> used to be a resident, as did \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/2005/08/01/luxuryrealestate-mansions-lifestyle-cx_sc_0801how_ls.html\">Sen. Dianne Feinstein\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/2005/08/01/luxuryrealestate-mansions-lifestyle-cx_sc_0801how_ls.html\">.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3914473-Presidio-Lawsuit.html\">a lawsuit\u003c/a> filed by the Presidio Terrace Association, the neighborhood's current residents didn't find out about the sale of their private road until this May — more than two years after it happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It all started with a $14 bill. Or, well, a lot of $14 bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The homeowners association says in the lawsuit that, based on city records, \"the property taxes on the Common Area have been less than $14.00 annually for the past several years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The taxes weren't paid for \"many years,\" the association says, because the city was sending the bills to an address \"associated with an accountant who last performed work for the Association in the 1980s.\" A warning that the account was in default, owing $994.77, was sent to the same address. It, too, went unnoticed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months later, the street was auctioned off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Incidentally, are you wondering how much each resident paid to that HOA? \u003ca href=\"https://sf.curbed.com/2013/10/21/10184914/presidio-terrace-trophy-property-takes-245k-off-its-price\">Based\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"http://blog.sfgate.com/ontheblock/2013/04/01/former-mayor-alioto-mansion-in-presidio-terrace-hits-the-mls/\">news reports\u003c/a>, it's well north of $500 a month.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city should have known the address was wrong, the residents say. They're calling for the sale to be rescinded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of the treasurer-tax collector does not seem persuaded by that argument. A spokeswoman told the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle \u003c/em>there was nothing they could do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, the spokeswoman told the paper, \"Ninety-nine percent of property owners in San Francisco know what they need to do, and they pay their taxes on time — and they keep their mailing address up to date.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Wealthy+San+Francisco+Neighborhood+Fails+To+Pay+Taxes%2C+Loses+Private+Street&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"order": 1
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
},
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
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