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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Sept. 19:\u003c/strong> The American Psychological Association says that a controversial research paper that applied computer facial recognition to successfully guess people’s sexual orientation has passed a review of documentation submitted by the researchers. The paper is set to be published in the association’s peer-reviewed \u003cem>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the association said it completed the review last week. The association undertook the review to substantiate an institutional review board's vetting of the study, which ensured that the study met ethical guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given the sensitive nature of photo-images used in the current study, we are currently taking this additional step with this as yet unpublished manuscript,\" a spokesperson for the APA wrote to KQED last week, before the review was completed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research, by Michal Kosinski and Yilun Wang of Stanford University, claims that a computer algorithm bested humans in distinguishing between a gay person and a straight person when analyzing images from public profiles on a dating website. (Here is a \u003ca href=\"https://osf.io/zn79k/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preprint\u003c/a> of the study; it's not necessarily the final version of the paper.)Researchers claim AI can be taught to predict sexual orientation from analyzing photographs. LGBTQ advocates are outraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research had led to a firestorm of criticism from LGBTQ advocates and academics since it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21728614-machines-read-faces-are-coming-advances-ai-are-used-spot-signs?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/ed/advancesinaiareusedtospotsignsofsexuality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first reported\u003c/a> Sept. 9 by The Economist. Two gay rights groups, Human Rights Campaign and GLAAD, \u003ca href=\"https://www.glaad.org/blog/glaad-and-hrc-call-stanford-university-responsible-media-debunk-dangerous-flawed-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called the research,\u003c/a> in a joint press release, \"junk science.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Analyzing Faces\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using basic facial-recognition technology, the researchers weeded through 130,741 public photos of men and women posted on a U.S. dating website, selecting for images that showed a single face large and clear enough to analyze. This left a pool of 35,326 pictures of 14,776 individuals. Gay and straight people, male and female, were represented evenly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Software called VGG-Face analyzed the faces and looked for correlations between a person's face (nose length, jaw width, etc.) and their self-declared sexual identity on the website. Using a resulting model made up of these distinguishing characteristics, the program, when shown one photo of a gay man and one of a straight man, was able to identify their sexual orientation 81 percent of the time. For women, the success rate was 71 percent. (Accuracy increased when the model was shown more than one image of a person.) Human guessers correctly identified straight faces and gay faces just 61 percent of the time for men and 54 percent for women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers say in the paper that these results \"provide strong support\" for the prenatal hormone theory of gay and lesbian sexual orientation. The theory holds that under or overexposure to prenatal androgens are a key determinant of sexual orientation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/11oGZ1Ke3wK9E3BtOFfGfUQuuaSMR8AO2WfWH3aVke6U/preview#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">authors' note\u003c/a> (last updated Sept. 13), the researchers discuss the study's limitations at some length, including the narrow demographic characteristics of the individuals analyzed -- white people who self-reported to be gay or straight. They also expressed concerns about the implications of the study:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We were really disturbed by these results and spent much time considering whether they should be made public at all. We did not want to enable the very risks that we are warning against. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recent press reports,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> however, suggest that governments and corporations are already using tools aimed at revealing intimate traits from faces. Facial images of billions of people are stockpiled in digital and traditional archives, including dating platforms, photo-sharing websites, and government databases. Profile pictures on Facebook, LinkedIn, and Google Plus are public by default. CCTV cameras and smartphones can be used to take pictures of others’ faces without their permission.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Critics of the research expressed concerns that it will lead to the very invasion of privacy the authors seek to warn against. HRC/GLAAD also criticized the limited demographic pool used by the researchers, the \"superficial\" nature of the characteristics analyzed in the model, and the way media have represented the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UuEcSNFMduIaf0cOWdWbOV3NORLoKWdz3big4xuk7Z4/edit#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">authors responded\u003c/a> angrily, calling the HRC/GLAAD press release premature and misleading. \"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They do a great disservice to the LGBTQ community by dismissing our results outright without properly assessing the science behind it, and hurt the mission of the great organizations that they represent,\" they wrote. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers also stressed, in their authors' note, that they did not invent the tools used. Rather, they applied internet-available software to internet-available data, with the goal of demonstrating the privacy risks inherent in artificially intelligent technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We studied existing technologies,\" wrote Kosinski and Wang, already widely used by companies and governments, to see whether they present a risk to the privacy of LGBTQ individuals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They added, \"We were terrified to find that they do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such tools present a special threat, said the authors, to the privacy and safety of gay men and women living under repressive regimes where homosexuality is illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other LGBT academics and writers did not accept this line of reasoning. Oberlin sociology professor Greggor Mattson wrote a \u003ca href=\"https://greggormattson.com/2017/09/09/artificial-intelligence-discovers-gayface/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">takedown,\u003c/a> published on his website, describing the study as \"much less insightful than the researchers claim.\" The authors' discussion of their ethical concerns suffered from \"stunning tone-deafness,\" Mattson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least one LGBT blogger, though, came to the researchers' defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Bollinger, writing at LGBTQ Nation, wrote a \u003ca href=\"https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/09/hrc-glaad-release-silly-statement-gay-face-study/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">post \u003c/a>titled \"HRC and GLAAD release a silly statement about the ‘gay face’ study.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"We should take a stance of curiosity instead of judgment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is just one study that looked at one sample and said a few things. There will be more studies later on that will say other things. Let’s see how that all unfolds before deciding what the correct answer is.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post was edited Oct. 9 to specify the nature of the American Psychological Association's review of the study.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Sept. 19:\u003c/strong> The American Psychological Association says that a controversial research paper that applied computer facial recognition to successfully guess people’s sexual orientation has passed a review of documentation submitted by the researchers. The paper is set to be published in the association’s peer-reviewed \u003cem>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for the association said it completed the review last week. The association undertook the review to substantiate an institutional review board's vetting of the study, which ensured that the study met ethical guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given the sensitive nature of photo-images used in the current study, we are currently taking this additional step with this as yet unpublished manuscript,\" a spokesperson for the APA wrote to KQED last week, before the review was completed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research, by Michal Kosinski and Yilun Wang of Stanford University, claims that a computer algorithm bested humans in distinguishing between a gay person and a straight person when analyzing images from public profiles on a dating website. (Here is a \u003ca href=\"https://osf.io/zn79k/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preprint\u003c/a> of the study; it's not necessarily the final version of the paper.)Researchers claim AI can be taught to predict sexual orientation from analyzing photographs. LGBTQ advocates are outraged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research had led to a firestorm of criticism from LGBTQ advocates and academics since it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21728614-machines-read-faces-are-coming-advances-ai-are-used-spot-signs?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/ed/advancesinaiareusedtospotsignsofsexuality\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first reported\u003c/a> Sept. 9 by The Economist. Two gay rights groups, Human Rights Campaign and GLAAD, \u003ca href=\"https://www.glaad.org/blog/glaad-and-hrc-call-stanford-university-responsible-media-debunk-dangerous-flawed-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">called the research,\u003c/a> in a joint press release, \"junk science.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Analyzing Faces\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using basic facial-recognition technology, the researchers weeded through 130,741 public photos of men and women posted on a U.S. dating website, selecting for images that showed a single face large and clear enough to analyze. This left a pool of 35,326 pictures of 14,776 individuals. Gay and straight people, male and female, were represented evenly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Software called VGG-Face analyzed the faces and looked for correlations between a person's face (nose length, jaw width, etc.) and their self-declared sexual identity on the website. Using a resulting model made up of these distinguishing characteristics, the program, when shown one photo of a gay man and one of a straight man, was able to identify their sexual orientation 81 percent of the time. For women, the success rate was 71 percent. (Accuracy increased when the model was shown more than one image of a person.) Human guessers correctly identified straight faces and gay faces just 61 percent of the time for men and 54 percent for women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers say in the paper that these results \"provide strong support\" for the prenatal hormone theory of gay and lesbian sexual orientation. The theory holds that under or overexposure to prenatal androgens are a key determinant of sexual orientation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/11oGZ1Ke3wK9E3BtOFfGfUQuuaSMR8AO2WfWH3aVke6U/preview#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">authors' note\u003c/a> (last updated Sept. 13), the researchers discuss the study's limitations at some length, including the narrow demographic characteristics of the individuals analyzed -- white people who self-reported to be gay or straight. They also expressed concerns about the implications of the study:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We were really disturbed by these results and spent much time considering whether they should be made public at all. We did not want to enable the very risks that we are warning against. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recent press reports,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> however, suggest that governments and corporations are already using tools aimed at revealing intimate traits from faces. Facial images of billions of people are stockpiled in digital and traditional archives, including dating platforms, photo-sharing websites, and government databases. Profile pictures on Facebook, LinkedIn, and Google Plus are public by default. CCTV cameras and smartphones can be used to take pictures of others’ faces without their permission.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Critics of the research expressed concerns that it will lead to the very invasion of privacy the authors seek to warn against. HRC/GLAAD also criticized the limited demographic pool used by the researchers, the \"superficial\" nature of the characteristics analyzed in the model, and the way media have represented the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UuEcSNFMduIaf0cOWdWbOV3NORLoKWdz3big4xuk7Z4/edit#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">authors responded\u003c/a> angrily, calling the HRC/GLAAD press release premature and misleading. \"\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They do a great disservice to the LGBTQ community by dismissing our results outright without properly assessing the science behind it, and hurt the mission of the great organizations that they represent,\" they wrote. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers also stressed, in their authors' note, that they did not invent the tools used. Rather, they applied internet-available software to internet-available data, with the goal of demonstrating the privacy risks inherent in artificially intelligent technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We studied existing technologies,\" wrote Kosinski and Wang, already widely used by companies and governments, to see whether they present a risk to the privacy of LGBTQ individuals.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They added, \"We were terrified to find that they do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such tools present a special threat, said the authors, to the privacy and safety of gay men and women living under repressive regimes where homosexuality is illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other LGBT academics and writers did not accept this line of reasoning. Oberlin sociology professor Greggor Mattson wrote a \u003ca href=\"https://greggormattson.com/2017/09/09/artificial-intelligence-discovers-gayface/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">takedown,\u003c/a> published on his website, describing the study as \"much less insightful than the researchers claim.\" The authors' discussion of their ethical concerns suffered from \"stunning tone-deafness,\" Mattson wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least one LGBT blogger, though, came to the researchers' defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alex Bollinger, writing at LGBTQ Nation, wrote a \u003ca href=\"https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/09/hrc-glaad-release-silly-statement-gay-face-study/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">post \u003c/a>titled \"HRC and GLAAD release a silly statement about the ‘gay face’ study.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"We should take a stance of curiosity instead of judgment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is just one study that looked at one sample and said a few things. 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"disqusTitle": "One in Five Californians Live in Poverty",
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"content": "\u003cp>A greater share of people live in poverty in California than in any other state, according to a measure used by the U.S. Census Bureau that takes into account the cost of living and government assistance programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 20 percent of Californians lived below the Census' \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2017/demo/p60-261.html\" target=\"_blank\">\"supplemental\" poverty measure\u003c/a> from 2014 to 2016, according to data released by the Bureau on Tuesday. That was exceeded only by the District of Columbia where about 21 percent of people live in poverty. However, a greater number of people in California are poor, close to 8 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplemental poverty measure factors in the government programs for low-income families and individuals, as well as housing costs, which are not included in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2017/demo/p60-259.html\" target=\"_blank\">official poverty measure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[stateSPM]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, the number of people in poverty fell between 2015 and 2016 as the median household income increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the poverty rate held steady in California despite growth in income. The median household income nationally was $59,039 in 2016, up 3.2 percent from the 2015 median of $57,230.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the fact that California’s poverty rate essentially held steady might mean that rising housing costs are really limiting the extent to which gains in the job market can lift people out of poverty,” said Alissa Anderson, senior policy analyst with the California Budget and Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Households in the Northeast had the highest median incomes, earning $64,390 while households in the West inched behind at $64,275.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new data also show that the San Jose area may be the most expensive place to be poor in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A family of four that is renting in the San Jose area would have to earn more than $37,400 a year to leave poverty. That's $10,000 more than the national threshold. The San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward region had the second highest poverty threshold in the country, followed by Honolulu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SJ-SPM]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A greater share of people live in poverty in California than in any other state, according to a measure used by the U.S. Census Bureau that takes into account the cost of living and government assistance programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 20 percent of Californians lived below the Census' \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2017/demo/p60-261.html\" target=\"_blank\">\"supplemental\" poverty measure\u003c/a> from 2014 to 2016, according to data released by the Bureau on Tuesday. That was exceeded only by the District of Columbia where about 21 percent of people live in poverty. However, a greater number of people in California are poor, close to 8 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The supplemental poverty measure factors in the government programs for low-income families and individuals, as well as housing costs, which are not included in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2017/demo/p60-259.html\" target=\"_blank\">official poverty measure\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[stateSPM]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, the number of people in poverty fell between 2015 and 2016 as the median household income increased.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the poverty rate held steady in California despite growth in income. The median household income nationally was $59,039 in 2016, up 3.2 percent from the 2015 median of $57,230.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the fact that California’s poverty rate essentially held steady might mean that rising housing costs are really limiting the extent to which gains in the job market can lift people out of poverty,” said Alissa Anderson, senior policy analyst with the California Budget and Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Households in the Northeast had the highest median incomes, earning $64,390 while households in the West inched behind at $64,275.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new data also show that the San Jose area may be the most expensive place to be poor in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A family of four that is renting in the San Jose area would have to earn more than $37,400 a year to leave poverty. That's $10,000 more than the national threshold. The San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward region had the second highest poverty threshold in the country, followed by Honolulu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[SJ-SPM]\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Investigators Cite Limits of Tesla Autopilot System in Fatal Crash",
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"content": "\u003cp>WASHINGTON -- Design limitations of the Tesla Model S's Autopilot system played a major role in the first known fatal crash of a highway vehicle operating under automated control systems, the National Transportation Safety Board says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/events/Documents/2017-HWY16FH018-BMG-abstract.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an abstract of it final report\u003c/a> the direct cause of the crash was an inattentive Tesla driver's over-reliance on technology and a truck driver who made a left-hand turn in front of the car. But the board also recommended that automakers incorporate safeguards that keep drivers' attention engaged and that limit the use of automated systems to the conditions for which they were designed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Brown, 40, of Canton, Ohio, was traveling on a divided highway near Gainesville, Florida, using the Tesla's automated driving systems when he was killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto-based Tesla had told Model S owners the automated systems should only be used on limited-access highways, which are primarily interstates. But the company didn't incorporate protections against their use on other types of roads, the board found. Despite upgrades since the May 2016 crash, Tesla has still not incorporated such protections, NTSB Chairman Robert Sumwalt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In this crash, Tesla's system worked as designed, but it was designed to perform limited tasks in a limited range of environments,\" he said. \"Tesla allowed the driver to use the system outside of the environment for which it was designed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result, Sumwalt said, was a collision \"that should never have happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Tesla said \"we appreciate the NTSB's analysis of last year's tragic accident and we will evaluate their recommendations as we continue to evolve our technology.\" The company added that overall its automated driving systems, called Autopilot, improve safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NTSB directed its recommendations to automakers generally, rather than just Tesla, saying the oversight is an industrywide problem. Manufacturers should be able to use GPS mapping systems to create such safeguards, Sumwalt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manufacturers should also develop systems for ensuring operators remain attentive to the vehicle's performance when using semi-autonomous driving systems other than detecting the pressure of hands on the steering wheeling, the NTSB recommended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown had his hands on the sedan's steering wheel for only 25 seconds out of the 37.5 minutes the vehicle's cruise control and lane-keeping systems were in use prior to the crash, investigators found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a consequence, Brown's attention wandered and he didn't detect the semitrailer in his path, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Model S is a level 2 on a self-driving scale of 0 to 5. Level 5 vehicles can operate autonomously in nearly all circumstances. Level 2 automation systems are generally limited to use on interstate highways, which don't have intersections. Drivers are supposed to continuously monitor vehicle performance and be ready to take control if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides Tesla, automakers marketing level 2 systems include Audi, BMW, Inifiniti, Mercedes Benz and Volvo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators found that the Tesla Model S sedan's cameras and radar weren't capable of detecting a vehicle turning into its path.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather, the systems are designed to detect vehicles they are following to prevent rear-end collisions. The board re-issued previous recommendations that the government require all new cars and trucks to be equipped with technology that wirelessly transmits the vehicles' location, speed, heading and other information to other vehicles in order to prevent collisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last December, the Obama administration proposed that new vehicles be able to wirelessly communicate with each other, with traffic lights and with other roadway infrastructure. Automakers were generally supportive of the proposal, but it hasn't been acted on by the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's family defended his actions and Tesla in a statement released Monday. Brown was a technology geek and enthusiastic fan of the Model S who posted videos about the car and spoke to gatherings at Tesla stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nobody wants tragedy to touch their family, but expecting to identify all limitations of an emerging technology and expecting perfection is not feasible either,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which regulates auto safety, declined this year to issue a recall or fine Tesla as a result of the crash, but it warned automakers they aren't to treat semiautonomous cars as if they were fully self-driving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the NTSB was meeting to consider the Tesla crash, Transportation Secretary Elaine Chao was in Michigan unveiling new self-driving car safety guidelines for automakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines encourage companies to put in place broad safety goals, such as making sure drivers are paying attention while using advanced assist systems. The systems are expected to detect and respond to people and objects both in and out of its travel path \"including pedestrians, bicyclists, animals, and objects that could affect safe operation of the vehicle,\" the guidelines say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a 12-point safety checklist, but the government makes it clear that the guidelines are voluntary and not regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>AP Auto Writer Dee-Ann Durbin in Ann Arbor, Michigan, contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>WASHINGTON -- Design limitations of the Tesla Model S's Autopilot system played a major role in the first known fatal crash of a highway vehicle operating under automated control systems, the National Transportation Safety Board says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board said in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/events/Documents/2017-HWY16FH018-BMG-abstract.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an abstract of it final report\u003c/a> the direct cause of the crash was an inattentive Tesla driver's over-reliance on technology and a truck driver who made a left-hand turn in front of the car. But the board also recommended that automakers incorporate safeguards that keep drivers' attention engaged and that limit the use of automated systems to the conditions for which they were designed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua Brown, 40, of Canton, Ohio, was traveling on a divided highway near Gainesville, Florida, using the Tesla's automated driving systems when he was killed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto-based Tesla had told Model S owners the automated systems should only be used on limited-access highways, which are primarily interstates. But the company didn't incorporate protections against their use on other types of roads, the board found. Despite upgrades since the May 2016 crash, Tesla has still not incorporated such protections, NTSB Chairman Robert Sumwalt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In this crash, Tesla's system worked as designed, but it was designed to perform limited tasks in a limited range of environments,\" he said. \"Tesla allowed the driver to use the system outside of the environment for which it was designed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The result, Sumwalt said, was a collision \"that should never have happened.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Tesla said \"we appreciate the NTSB's analysis of last year's tragic accident and we will evaluate their recommendations as we continue to evolve our technology.\" The company added that overall its automated driving systems, called Autopilot, improve safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NTSB directed its recommendations to automakers generally, rather than just Tesla, saying the oversight is an industrywide problem. Manufacturers should be able to use GPS mapping systems to create such safeguards, Sumwalt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Manufacturers should also develop systems for ensuring operators remain attentive to the vehicle's performance when using semi-autonomous driving systems other than detecting the pressure of hands on the steering wheeling, the NTSB recommended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown had his hands on the sedan's steering wheel for only 25 seconds out of the 37.5 minutes the vehicle's cruise control and lane-keeping systems were in use prior to the crash, investigators found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a consequence, Brown's attention wandered and he didn't detect the semitrailer in his path, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Model S is a level 2 on a self-driving scale of 0 to 5. Level 5 vehicles can operate autonomously in nearly all circumstances. Level 2 automation systems are generally limited to use on interstate highways, which don't have intersections. Drivers are supposed to continuously monitor vehicle performance and be ready to take control if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides Tesla, automakers marketing level 2 systems include Audi, BMW, Inifiniti, Mercedes Benz and Volvo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators found that the Tesla Model S sedan's cameras and radar weren't capable of detecting a vehicle turning into its path.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather, the systems are designed to detect vehicles they are following to prevent rear-end collisions. The board re-issued previous recommendations that the government require all new cars and trucks to be equipped with technology that wirelessly transmits the vehicles' location, speed, heading and other information to other vehicles in order to prevent collisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last December, the Obama administration proposed that new vehicles be able to wirelessly communicate with each other, with traffic lights and with other roadway infrastructure. Automakers were generally supportive of the proposal, but it hasn't been acted on by the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's family defended his actions and Tesla in a statement released Monday. Brown was a technology geek and enthusiastic fan of the Model S who posted videos about the car and spoke to gatherings at Tesla stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Nobody wants tragedy to touch their family, but expecting to identify all limitations of an emerging technology and expecting perfection is not feasible either,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which regulates auto safety, declined this year to issue a recall or fine Tesla as a result of the crash, but it warned automakers they aren't to treat semiautonomous cars as if they were fully self-driving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the NTSB was meeting to consider the Tesla crash, Transportation Secretary Elaine Chao was in Michigan unveiling new self-driving car safety guidelines for automakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines encourage companies to put in place broad safety goals, such as making sure drivers are paying attention while using advanced assist systems. The systems are expected to detect and respond to people and objects both in and out of its travel path \"including pedestrians, bicyclists, animals, and objects that could affect safe operation of the vehicle,\" the guidelines say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a 12-point safety checklist, but the government makes it clear that the guidelines are voluntary and not regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>AP Auto Writer Dee-Ann Durbin in Ann Arbor, Michigan, contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Relief Group Says Its San Diego Office Violated Policies in Housing Refugees",
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"content": "\u003cp>The national headquarters of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.rescue.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">International Rescue Committee\u003c/a> says it has found problems with the way its San Diego branch placed refugees in homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement follows a \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2017/jul/27/san-diego-refugee-resettlement-apartment/\">KPBS investigation\u003c/a> into allegations that refugees were told to sign falsified rental documents to get their large families into apartments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven refugee families resettled in San Diego late year told KPBS that local IRC staffers placed them in apartments that \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2017/aug/09/after-more-refugee-families-asked-leave-questions-/\">occupancy guidelines\u003c/a> say were too small. Some of them said they knew family members' names had been omitted from the leases, while others didn't realize that had happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the rental documents, too many occupants could be considered a material violation of the agreements. Four families were asked to leave their homes because of too many people. The local IRC office initially denied coaching families to lie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4HMtDVQyBs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to KPBS Tuesday, the IRC's national office in New York said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>We unfortunately have identified housing placement practices in San Diego which were inconsistent with the IRC’s policies and code of conduct. In response, we have taken steps to reinforce housing-related policies and practices with local staff and we have engaged with and are supporting families who may have been impacted.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>KPBS repeatedly requested a phone interview with the IRC’s national office to learn more about its findings and how it was helping families, but the agency declined. San Diego IRC Executive Director David Murphy has also not responded to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the U.S. State Department, which awards federal dollars to resettlement agencies, said in an email that the agency was satisfied with the measures taken by the IRC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State Department requested that IRC conduct a thorough investigation into the allegations, and they have communicated to us that they have taken appropriate action to ensure that all refugees resettled through IRC in San Diego are served in full compliance with all relevant programs, guidelines, and codes,” the spokeswoman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPBS reached out to the seven families it previously interviewed. One family said it has not been contacted by the IRC and was turned down when it previously contacted the local office for assistance. A second said the IRC also declined to help the family search for a new place. That family is now looking to move to Oregon. A third family said it was contacted by the IRC and was open to assistance, but told the staff member that it felt the organization was untrustworthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fourth family said it did receive help from the IRC, which located a three-bedroom with a six-month lease, but the family worried it was too temporary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A State Department spokeswoman said on Thursday that the agency is in contact with the IRC about the refugees’ needs for assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The families arrived last year during a surge of refugees in San Diego. The wave forced IRC staffers to rapidly find homes for refugees on limited means in one of the nation’s tightest and most expensive rental markets.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement to KPBS Tuesday, the IRC's national office in New York said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>We unfortunately have identified housing placement practices in San Diego which were inconsistent with the IRC’s policies and code of conduct. In response, we have taken steps to reinforce housing-related policies and practices with local staff and we have engaged with and are supporting families who may have been impacted.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>KPBS repeatedly requested a phone interview with the IRC’s national office to learn more about its findings and how it was helping families, but the agency declined. San Diego IRC Executive Director David Murphy has also not responded to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the U.S. State Department, which awards federal dollars to resettlement agencies, said in an email that the agency was satisfied with the measures taken by the IRC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The State Department requested that IRC conduct a thorough investigation into the allegations, and they have communicated to us that they have taken appropriate action to ensure that all refugees resettled through IRC in San Diego are served in full compliance with all relevant programs, guidelines, and codes,” the spokeswoman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KPBS reached out to the seven families it previously interviewed. One family said it has not been contacted by the IRC and was turned down when it previously contacted the local office for assistance. A second said the IRC also declined to help the family search for a new place. That family is now looking to move to Oregon. A third family said it was contacted by the IRC and was open to assistance, but told the staff member that it felt the organization was untrustworthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fourth family said it did receive help from the IRC, which located a three-bedroom with a six-month lease, but the family worried it was too temporary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A State Department spokeswoman said on Thursday that the agency is in contact with the IRC about the refugees’ needs for assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The families arrived last year during a surge of refugees in San Diego. The wave forced IRC staffers to rapidly find homes for refugees on limited means in one of the nation’s tightest and most expensive rental markets.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Contra Costa County supervisors appointed retired Superior Court Judge Diana Becton as the county’s interim district attorney. Becton, who has served on the bench for 21 years, will be the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2017/09/12/contra-costa-supervisors-da-selection-would-be-first-african-american-woman-in-office-history/\" target=\"_blank\">first woman and the first African-American\u003c/a> to hold the office of Contra Costa County DA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton will fill the seat left by Mark Peterson in June. State prosecutors \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-contra-costa-da-charged-20170614-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">charged\u003c/a> Peterson with using campaign contributions as a personal slush fund and then lying about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton has promised she will work to restore public trust in the DA's office. She said her goals as a prosecutor include reducing racial disparities in sentencing, bail reform and restoring community-police relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Board of Supervisors’ meeting Tuesday, dozens of criminal justice advocates and community members spoke in support of Becton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am one of the individuals who was part of the problem,” said formerly incarcerated Richmond resident Antoine Cloird. “I changed my life about 14 years ago, and I just got my stuff expunged because of Diane [sic] Becton, because someone reached out to our community and saw the need for those who are really about change can get a second chance at a first-class life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Becton also faced opposition to her appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County Sheriff David Livingston called for supervisors to disqualify the judge and another applicant, Assistant District Attorney Tom Kensok over \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/18/unattributed-responses-from-contra-costa-county-district-attorney-candidates-spark-concern/\" target=\"_blank\">unattributed responses\u003c/a> on their applications for the position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any applicant to the county who conducted themselves that way would be removed from the process of selection,” Livingston said. “Certainly a deputy sheriff would be removed. So I urge you, look at the remaining three candidates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unattributed responses came to light when anonymous packages targeting Becton’s application were delivered to their offices back in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I should have used quotation marks when I used the words of other people,” Becton said, “and what I want to tell you is that I own that mistake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she urged supervisors to focus on the core issues of criminal justice reform and racial equality that she was trying to highlight in those passages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton also said she would take into consideration a person’s immigration status when making charging decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to use our discretion and give wide latitude when negotiating plea deals when we know that there are immigration consequences,” Becton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton starts as interim DA on Monday. She will hold the office until voters elect a new DA in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Contra Costa County supervisors appointed retired Superior Court Judge Diana Becton as the county’s interim district attorney. Becton, who has served on the bench for 21 years, will be the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2017/09/12/contra-costa-supervisors-da-selection-would-be-first-african-american-woman-in-office-history/\" target=\"_blank\">first woman and the first African-American\u003c/a> to hold the office of Contra Costa County DA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton will fill the seat left by Mark Peterson in June. State prosecutors \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-contra-costa-da-charged-20170614-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">charged\u003c/a> Peterson with using campaign contributions as a personal slush fund and then lying about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton has promised she will work to restore public trust in the DA's office. She said her goals as a prosecutor include reducing racial disparities in sentencing, bail reform and restoring community-police relations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Board of Supervisors’ meeting Tuesday, dozens of criminal justice advocates and community members spoke in support of Becton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am one of the individuals who was part of the problem,” said formerly incarcerated Richmond resident Antoine Cloird. “I changed my life about 14 years ago, and I just got my stuff expunged because of Diane [sic] Becton, because someone reached out to our community and saw the need for those who are really about change can get a second chance at a first-class life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Becton also faced opposition to her appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County Sheriff David Livingston called for supervisors to disqualify the judge and another applicant, Assistant District Attorney Tom Kensok over \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/18/unattributed-responses-from-contra-costa-county-district-attorney-candidates-spark-concern/\" target=\"_blank\">unattributed responses\u003c/a> on their applications for the position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any applicant to the county who conducted themselves that way would be removed from the process of selection,” Livingston said. “Certainly a deputy sheriff would be removed. So I urge you, look at the remaining three candidates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unattributed responses came to light when anonymous packages targeting Becton’s application were delivered to their offices back in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I should have used quotation marks when I used the words of other people,” Becton said, “and what I want to tell you is that I own that mistake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she urged supervisors to focus on the core issues of criminal justice reform and racial equality that she was trying to highlight in those passages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton also said she would take into consideration a person’s immigration status when making charging decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to use our discretion and give wide latitude when negotiating plea deals when we know that there are immigration consequences,” Becton said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becton starts as interim DA on Monday. She will hold the office until voters elect a new DA in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "They Come Hat in Hand for California's 'Green' Money",
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"content": "\u003cp>It should come as no surprise that when the California Legislature recently began the process of divvying up proceeds from the state’s cap-and-trade auctions, a cavalcade of local officials, community activists and lobbyists rushed to Sacramento, with hands out. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billions of dollars burning a hole in the state’s pocket has that effect on people, and the competition is fierce. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appeals from advocates to fund pet projects were spread over two days in late August, in windowless rooms before sometimes distracted officials. The requests are for cash for electric vehicles, to create green spaces, even for machines to cut pollution from cow manure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brevity is prized in this legislative equivalent of speed dating, which plays out in front of committees in the Senate and Assembly. There’s scant time to make the case for your cause. Talk too much, and you risk irritating the panelists. Nobody wants the stink eye from the people with the purse strings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thirty to 60 seconds is the sweet spot,” said Amy Vanderwarker, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"http://caleja.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Environmental Justice Alliance\u003c/a>, who sought millions in funding for programs that help people in low-income communities adapt to climate change with solar panels and weatherproofing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Vanderwarker and the dozens of others who filed through, there’s a lot at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly $5 billion has flowed into the state’s unique Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund since 2013. The money is raised when the state auctions permits to pollute, part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/on-ramp-californias-climate-change-planwhat_is_the_california_global_warming_solutions_act_and_is_it_working/\" target=\"_blank\">California’s program\u003c/a> to cap planet-warming emissions. The account fluctuates with the carbon market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big chunk of the revenue each year is spoken for, set aside for the state’s high-speed rail plan, affordable housing and a host of transit projects. The discretionary portion amounts to about 40 percent of the total and must go toward projects that lower greenhouse gas emissions or assist low-income areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"865\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11616476\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-160x252.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-240x377.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-375x590.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-520x818.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The feeding frenzy this time was for less than $1 billion, and balancing the account won’t be easy. Lawmakers’ wish lists total $3.5 billion, the governor wants $1.5 billion, and the supplicants came in seeking more than $2 billion. There’s list overlap -- many of the projects are the same, but they cannot all be fully funded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the outset of the Senate hearing, Bob Wieckowski, a Fremont Democrat who chairs the budget subcommittee, attempted to lower expectations for those who saw a bottomless well. There’s $842 million for use now, he told the audience, so work with that when making requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is an art to queuing up for a shot at the pot of gold. Better to be an earlier speaker when attention spans are fresh, or at the end, to get the last word? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronald Hughes, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calvans.org/about-us/history-of-calvans\" target=\"_blank\">California Vanpool Authority\u003c/a>, employed the early-bird strategy: “Sit toward the front” during the opening portion of the proceedings, he said -- prime placement to snag a spot at the front of the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be pressed cheek by jowl with high-priced lobbyists and speak before harried legislators “is always intimidating,” Hughes said. “I’m from a small town, Hanford. You’ve got to stand there and have your ‘elevator speech’ ready. It’s uncomfortable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hughes’ “ask,” as the requests are known, was among the day’s most modest: $6 million to fund the statewide system of vans that ferry farm workers to and from the fields, reducing traffic and keeping heavily polluting jalopies off the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"Assemblyman Richard Bloom\" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-1180x801.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-960x652.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-240x163.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assemblyman Richard Bloom \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over in the Assembly, Richard Bloom, a Democrat from Santa Monica, chaired the hearing. “Remain orderly and don’t elbow anyone out of the way,” he announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Max Podemski, planning director for the community group Pacoima Beautiful, was preparing an ask for the first time and wasn’t ready for the rush when the public was welcomed to the floor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was sitting there, and all of a sudden there was a stampede” to the microphone, Podemski said. His group wants $20 million for greening and beautification of \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacoimabeautiful.org/what-we-do/community-planning\" target=\"_blank\">Pacoima Wash\u003c/a>, a 10-mile flood-control channel in the San Fernando Valley. The funds would provide park space, a bike path and connections to public transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jockeying can get testy. There was much harrumphing when a delegation of uniformed fire chiefs, resplendent in brass-buttoned and beribboned uniforms, broke from protocol and cut to the front of the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two and a half hours, the last speaker in line, Terry McHale, a lobbyist for a state firefighters union, drew appreciative chuckles as he acknowledged the ordeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not since my large Irish Catholic family would line up for allowance have I been in such a long line of people with their hand out,” McHale said. “Being the smallest in my family, I was the last in that line, too.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the Senate, the knot in Wieckowski’s tie was slipping south and the line of those still waiting to speak had no end in sight. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, everyone had their say, if not their money. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers will vote on the entreaties—they typically favor transportation, forestry, agriculture and urban “greening” projects—before adjourning for the year on Sep. 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It should come as no surprise that when the California Legislature recently began the process of divvying up proceeds from the state’s cap-and-trade auctions, a cavalcade of local officials, community activists and lobbyists rushed to Sacramento, with hands out. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billions of dollars burning a hole in the state’s pocket has that effect on people, and the competition is fierce. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appeals from advocates to fund pet projects were spread over two days in late August, in windowless rooms before sometimes distracted officials. The requests are for cash for electric vehicles, to create green spaces, even for machines to cut pollution from cow manure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brevity is prized in this legislative equivalent of speed dating, which plays out in front of committees in the Senate and Assembly. There’s scant time to make the case for your cause. Talk too much, and you risk irritating the panelists. Nobody wants the stink eye from the people with the purse strings. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thirty to 60 seconds is the sweet spot,” said Amy Vanderwarker, co-director of the \u003ca href=\"http://caleja.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Environmental Justice Alliance\u003c/a>, who sought millions in funding for programs that help people in low-income communities adapt to climate change with solar panels and weatherproofing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Vanderwarker and the dozens of others who filed through, there’s a lot at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly $5 billion has flowed into the state’s unique Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund since 2013. The money is raised when the state auctions permits to pollute, part of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/on-ramp-californias-climate-change-planwhat_is_the_california_global_warming_solutions_act_and_is_it_working/\" target=\"_blank\">California’s program\u003c/a> to cap planet-warming emissions. The account fluctuates with the carbon market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A big chunk of the revenue each year is spoken for, set aside for the state’s high-speed rail plan, affordable housing and a host of transit projects. The discretionary portion amounts to about 40 percent of the total and must go toward projects that lower greenhouse gas emissions or assist low-income areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"865\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11616476\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-160x252.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-240x377.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-375x590.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/BrownCapTrade-520x818.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The feeding frenzy this time was for less than $1 billion, and balancing the account won’t be easy. Lawmakers’ wish lists total $3.5 billion, the governor wants $1.5 billion, and the supplicants came in seeking more than $2 billion. There’s list overlap -- many of the projects are the same, but they cannot all be fully funded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the outset of the Senate hearing, Bob Wieckowski, a Fremont Democrat who chairs the budget subcommittee, attempted to lower expectations for those who saw a bottomless well. There’s $842 million for use now, he told the audience, so work with that when making requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is an art to queuing up for a shot at the pot of gold. Better to be an earlier speaker when attention spans are fresh, or at the end, to get the last word? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronald Hughes, director of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.calvans.org/about-us/history-of-calvans\" target=\"_blank\">California Vanpool Authority\u003c/a>, employed the early-bird strategy: “Sit toward the front” during the opening portion of the proceedings, he said -- prime placement to snag a spot at the front of the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be pressed cheek by jowl with high-priced lobbyists and speak before harried legislators “is always intimidating,” Hughes said. “I’m from a small town, Hanford. You’ve got to stand there and have your ‘elevator speech’ ready. It’s uncomfortable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hughes’ “ask,” as the requests are known, was among the day’s most modest: $6 million to fund the statewide system of vans that ferry farm workers to and from the fields, reducing traffic and keeping heavily polluting jalopies off the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-800x543.jpg\" alt=\"Assemblyman Richard Bloom\" width=\"800\" height=\"543\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-800x543.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-160x109.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-1020x692.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-1180x801.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-960x652.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-240x163.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-375x254.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RichardBloom-520x353.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Assemblyman Richard Bloom \u003ccite>(Wikimedia Commons)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over in the Assembly, Richard Bloom, a Democrat from Santa Monica, chaired the hearing. “Remain orderly and don’t elbow anyone out of the way,” he announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Max Podemski, planning director for the community group Pacoima Beautiful, was preparing an ask for the first time and wasn’t ready for the rush when the public was welcomed to the floor. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was sitting there, and all of a sudden there was a stampede” to the microphone, Podemski said. His group wants $20 million for greening and beautification of \u003ca href=\"http://www.pacoimabeautiful.org/what-we-do/community-planning\" target=\"_blank\">Pacoima Wash\u003c/a>, a 10-mile flood-control channel in the San Fernando Valley. The funds would provide park space, a bike path and connections to public transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The jockeying can get testy. There was much harrumphing when a delegation of uniformed fire chiefs, resplendent in brass-buttoned and beribboned uniforms, broke from protocol and cut to the front of the line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two and a half hours, the last speaker in line, Terry McHale, a lobbyist for a state firefighters union, drew appreciative chuckles as he acknowledged the ordeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not since my large Irish Catholic family would line up for allowance have I been in such a long line of people with their hand out,” McHale said. “Being the smallest in my family, I was the last in that line, too.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the Senate, the knot in Wieckowski’s tie was slipping south and the line of those still waiting to speak had no end in sight. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, everyone had their say, if not their money. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers will vote on the entreaties—they typically favor transportation, forestry, agriculture and urban “greening” projects—before adjourning for the year on Sep. 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters is a nonprofit journalism venture dedicated to exploring state policies and politics. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Berkeley to Consider Allowing Police to Use Pepper Spray During Demonstrations",
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"content": "\u003cp>Berkeley is considering changing its 20-year policy banning police from using pepper spray during demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal was hammered out by Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.jessearreguin.com\" target=\"_blank\">Mayor Jesse Arreguin\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/police/\" target=\"_blank\">Police Chief Andrew Greenwood\u003c/a> ahead of upcoming speaking engagements on the UC Berkeley campus by right-wing talk show host Ben Shapiro and conservative commentator Milo Yiannopoulos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longstanding policy forbids using the chemical irritant as a form of crowd control. The change would allow police to use pepper spray in crowd situations, but only against specific individuals committing acts of violence. Arreguin told KQED that the amendment would not allow using pepper spray against non-violent protesters, passive resisters, those resisting arrest or those involved in violence against property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Greenwood \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Clerk/City_Council/2017/09_Sep/Documents/2017-09-12%20Special%20Agenda%20Packet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">requested the change\u003c/a>, citing “a series of coordinated attacks by extremists in Berkeley [that] have resulted in violent riots, injuries and the destruction of property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his report to the City Council, Greenwood details several demonstrations this year, which featured \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/27/photos-berkeley-protests-the-far-right/\" target=\"_blank\">violent clashes\u003c/a> between large groups of masked anti-facists and right-wing protesters. Greenwood argued “the emergence of tactics involving weapons, shields, and the large-scale, coordinated maneuver of large groups of masked individuals\" ... require the Berkeley Police Department to be prepared and properly equipped “to protect free speech and keep our community safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fringe-right conservatives and white nationalists have recently descended on Berkeley -- making the home of the Free Speech Movement a flashpoint in the culture wars. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenwood called the city a “battleground for extremist groups.” But the chief’s report seems mostly focused on Antifa protesters, who, he said, show up armed with shields. Pepper spray would be more effective since shields cannot provide full protection against the chemical, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy change is being sought on an emergency basis, in light of upcoming events and expected protests. Arreguin defended the rush as an “urgent situation ... to maintain order and public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how the City Council will vote. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/citycouncildistrict4/\" target=\"_blank\">Councilmember Kate Harrison\u003c/a> is leary to change such a longstanding policy so quickly. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a cycle of reacting to events… without really thinking through the consequences,” Harrison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BPD has come under criticism for excessive use of force in recent years -- including during a 2014 Black Lives Matter protest. Harrison also raised questions about the effectiveness of pepper spray, which she said could lead someone to become more aggressive and create panic in a crowd situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special City Council hearing begins at 3 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full motion before the Berkeley City Council below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Motion, Special Meeting Item # 1\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motion to re-affirm and further amend the Berkeley City Council’s policy regarding the use of pepper spray by the Berkeley Police Department as such use relates to crowd control, expression of First Amendment speech, and addressing acts of violence by specific individuals within a crowd, as follows (in bold):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oleoresin Capsicum (pepper spray) shall not be used as a crowd control technique to disperse a crowd or move a crowd.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pepper spray shall not be used on persons engaged in legal speech or other expression that is protected by the First Amendment, nor upon those committing unlawful acts by non-violent or passive resistance means, (e.g. sitting or lying down to block a street or doorway).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police may use pepper spray upon specific individuals within a crowd who are committing acts of violence upon police or others.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Berkeley is considering changing its 20-year policy banning police from using pepper spray during demonstrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal was hammered out by Berkeley \u003ca href=\"https://www.jessearreguin.com\" target=\"_blank\">Mayor Jesse Arreguin\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/police/\" target=\"_blank\">Police Chief Andrew Greenwood\u003c/a> ahead of upcoming speaking engagements on the UC Berkeley campus by right-wing talk show host Ben Shapiro and conservative commentator Milo Yiannopoulos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The longstanding policy forbids using the chemical irritant as a form of crowd control. The change would allow police to use pepper spray in crowd situations, but only against specific individuals committing acts of violence. Arreguin told KQED that the amendment would not allow using pepper spray against non-violent protesters, passive resisters, those resisting arrest or those involved in violence against property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief Greenwood \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/uploadedFiles/Clerk/City_Council/2017/09_Sep/Documents/2017-09-12%20Special%20Agenda%20Packet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">requested the change\u003c/a>, citing “a series of coordinated attacks by extremists in Berkeley [that] have resulted in violent riots, injuries and the destruction of property.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his report to the City Council, Greenwood details several demonstrations this year, which featured \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/27/photos-berkeley-protests-the-far-right/\" target=\"_blank\">violent clashes\u003c/a> between large groups of masked anti-facists and right-wing protesters. Greenwood argued “the emergence of tactics involving weapons, shields, and the large-scale, coordinated maneuver of large groups of masked individuals\" ... require the Berkeley Police Department to be prepared and properly equipped “to protect free speech and keep our community safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fringe-right conservatives and white nationalists have recently descended on Berkeley -- making the home of the Free Speech Movement a flashpoint in the culture wars. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenwood called the city a “battleground for extremist groups.” But the chief’s report seems mostly focused on Antifa protesters, who, he said, show up armed with shields. Pepper spray would be more effective since shields cannot provide full protection against the chemical, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy change is being sought on an emergency basis, in light of upcoming events and expected protests. Arreguin defended the rush as an “urgent situation ... to maintain order and public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how the City Council will vote. \u003ca href=\"https://www.cityofberkeley.info/citycouncildistrict4/\" target=\"_blank\">Councilmember Kate Harrison\u003c/a> is leary to change such a longstanding policy so quickly. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a cycle of reacting to events… without really thinking through the consequences,” Harrison said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BPD has come under criticism for excessive use of force in recent years -- including during a 2014 Black Lives Matter protest. Harrison also raised questions about the effectiveness of pepper spray, which she said could lead someone to become more aggressive and create panic in a crowd situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The special City Council hearing begins at 3 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full motion before the Berkeley City Council below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Motion, Special Meeting Item # 1\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motion to re-affirm and further amend the Berkeley City Council’s policy regarding the use of pepper spray by the Berkeley Police Department as such use relates to crowd control, expression of First Amendment speech, and addressing acts of violence by specific individuals within a crowd, as follows (in bold):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oleoresin Capsicum (pepper spray) shall not be used as a crowd control technique to disperse a crowd or move a crowd.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pepper spray shall not be used on persons engaged in legal speech or other expression that is protected by the First Amendment, nor upon those committing unlawful acts by non-violent or passive resistance means, (e.g. sitting or lying down to block a street or doorway).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police may use pepper spray upon specific individuals within a crowd who are committing acts of violence upon police or others.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bay Area Could See Encore of Spectacular Lightning Show",
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"content": "\u003cp>The National Weather Service says there were more than \u003ca href=\"#storify\">7,000 strokes of lightning\u003c/a> recorded in and near the Bay Area Monday evening -- and forecasters say another round is possible Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lightning caused several fires, led to delays at San Francisco International Airport and turned the Giants-Dodgers game at AT&T Park into \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/giants/article/Dodgers-hope-to-end-10-game-skid-at-AT-T-where-12190021.php\" target=\"_blank\">a late night-early morning event\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spectacular light-and-sound show -- most of the lightning was of the cloud-to-cloud variety -- was the result of a system pumping moist air into the region from the south combining with hot weather that encouraged the formation of thunderstorms, according to National Weather Service meteorologist Charles Bell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was really impressive,\" Bell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rK9h6rmtoU&w=800&h=450]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lightning is common in California -- think summer thunderstorms over the Sierra Nevada and other mountain ranges -- but not in the state's urban areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It actually happens more frequently that people realize,\" Bell said. \"What made this event yesterday a little unusual was the fact that it was over metropolitan areas where people could really see it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters say the system that drove Monday's thunderstorms is still in place and could lead to more storm conditions Tuesday afternoon and evening, especially in the southern parts of the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's storms were exciting for some and scary for others. In fact, there was one serious scare at SFO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At around 9:30 p.m., airport staff responded to a report of a lightning strike near a United Airlines tug driver who was towing an empty aircraft, according to airport spokesman Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial reports that indicated the worker was struck by lightning and injured were incorrect, Yakel said. He was evaluated and released by airport medics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Fremont, police and firefighters responded to a grass fire, more than one structure fire and reports of power outages, according to a tweet from the police department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lightning display came a day after a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/09/11/forecasters-caught-off-guard-by-winds-that-caused-south-bay-outages/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">windstorm\u003c/a>, that caught the National Weather Service by surprise, caused a series of outages, knocking out power for thousands of Pacific Gas and Electric customers in Santa Clara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"storify\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//storify.com/kqednews/a-rare-and-spectacular-san-francisco-light/embed?border=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"1000\" frameborder=\"no\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The National Weather Service says there were more than \u003ca href=\"#storify\">7,000 strokes of lightning\u003c/a> recorded in and near the Bay Area Monday evening -- and forecasters say another round is possible Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lightning caused several fires, led to delays at San Francisco International Airport and turned the Giants-Dodgers game at AT&T Park into \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/giants/article/Dodgers-hope-to-end-10-game-skid-at-AT-T-where-12190021.php\" target=\"_blank\">a late night-early morning event\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spectacular light-and-sound show -- most of the lightning was of the cloud-to-cloud variety -- was the result of a system pumping moist air into the region from the south combining with hot weather that encouraged the formation of thunderstorms, according to National Weather Service meteorologist Charles Bell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was really impressive,\" Bell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/_rK9h6rmtoU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/_rK9h6rmtoU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lightning is common in California -- think summer thunderstorms over the Sierra Nevada and other mountain ranges -- but not in the state's urban areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It actually happens more frequently that people realize,\" Bell said. \"What made this event yesterday a little unusual was the fact that it was over metropolitan areas where people could really see it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forecasters say the system that drove Monday's thunderstorms is still in place and could lead to more storm conditions Tuesday afternoon and evening, especially in the southern parts of the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's storms were exciting for some and scary for others. In fact, there was one serious scare at SFO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At around 9:30 p.m., airport staff responded to a report of a lightning strike near a United Airlines tug driver who was towing an empty aircraft, according to airport spokesman Doug Yakel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initial reports that indicated the worker was struck by lightning and injured were incorrect, Yakel said. He was evaluated and released by airport medics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Fremont, police and firefighters responded to a grass fire, more than one structure fire and reports of power outages, according to a tweet from the police department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lightning display came a day after a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/09/11/forecasters-caught-off-guard-by-winds-that-caused-south-bay-outages/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">windstorm\u003c/a>, that caught the National Weather Service by surprise, caused a series of outages, knocking out power for thousands of Pacific Gas and Electric customers in Santa Clara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"storify\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"//storify.com/kqednews/a-rare-and-spectacular-san-francisco-light/embed?border=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"1000\" frameborder=\"no\" allowtransparency=\"true\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Power of Progressives Key in Choice to Fill Richmond City Council Seat",
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"content": "\u003cp>Richmond city councilmembers could vote Tuesday night to fill a seat left open by one of the city's most well-known names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people seeking the post range in age and experience, but the most important element could be what's become a powerful progressive advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A total of 13 candidates \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/3484/City-Council-Vacancy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have applied\u003c/a> to replace Gayle McLaughlin, who resigned in July to run for lieutenant governor of California. McLaughlin, a former mayor, helped create the Richmond Progressive Alliance (RPA) -- a group that has endorsed progressive candidates who now make up a majority of the council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group had a major influence during the 2014 election when Chevron -- the major economic driver for Richmond -- spent more than $3 million on candidates who ended up losing, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2016/10/21/richmond-amid-a-flurry-of-campaign-spending-chevron-visibly-absent/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">East Bay Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Smith, political science professor at San Francisco State University, said he's impressed that a group of ordinary citizens has been able to organize the way RPA has without much wealth or many resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is virtually unheard of in American urban politics,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A majority council vote is needed to appoint McLaughlin’s replacement. Richmond Mayor Tom Butt wrote in the Chevron-backed online publication \u003ca href=\"http://richmondstandard.com/2017/08/16/mayor-13-applicants-to-replace-gayle-mclaughlin-on-council/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Richmond Standard\u003c/a> that the decision of who replaces McLaughlin likely lies in the hands of the progressive alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The RPA controls the City Council and the appointment process,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the group say it often takes stances that are anti-economic development, said Smith. For example, the RPA supports raising the minimum wage and strengthening rent control -- two hotly debated issues in the expensive Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve advanced a broadly progressive left agenda pretty much across the board that some people think from time to time is too rigid or too ideological,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The RPA has endorsed three of the 13 candidates and has named Marilyn Langlois as its preferred choice. Langlois lost her run for City Council in 2012 and was unsuccessful the last time the council had to appoint one of its members in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Tuesday night's meeting, the council is set to interview the candidates and the public will have a chance to comment. If the council does not fill the seat by its Sept. 16 deadline it must hold a special election, which would happen next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about the 13 candidates see their official statements by \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/3484/City-Council-Vacancy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">clicking here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Richmond city councilmembers could vote Tuesday night to fill a seat left open by one of the city's most well-known names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people seeking the post range in age and experience, but the most important element could be what's become a powerful progressive advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A total of 13 candidates \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/3484/City-Council-Vacancy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have applied\u003c/a> to replace Gayle McLaughlin, who resigned in July to run for lieutenant governor of California. McLaughlin, a former mayor, helped create the Richmond Progressive Alliance (RPA) -- a group that has endorsed progressive candidates who now make up a majority of the council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group had a major influence during the 2014 election when Chevron -- the major economic driver for Richmond -- spent more than $3 million on candidates who ended up losing, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2016/10/21/richmond-amid-a-flurry-of-campaign-spending-chevron-visibly-absent/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">East Bay Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robert Smith, political science professor at San Francisco State University, said he's impressed that a group of ordinary citizens has been able to organize the way RPA has without much wealth or many resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is virtually unheard of in American urban politics,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A majority council vote is needed to appoint McLaughlin’s replacement. Richmond Mayor Tom Butt wrote in the Chevron-backed online publication \u003ca href=\"http://richmondstandard.com/2017/08/16/mayor-13-applicants-to-replace-gayle-mclaughlin-on-council/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Richmond Standard\u003c/a> that the decision of who replaces McLaughlin likely lies in the hands of the progressive alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The RPA controls the City Council and the appointment process,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics of the group say it often takes stances that are anti-economic development, said Smith. For example, the RPA supports raising the minimum wage and strengthening rent control -- two hotly debated issues in the expensive Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve advanced a broadly progressive left agenda pretty much across the board that some people think from time to time is too rigid or too ideological,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The RPA has endorsed three of the 13 candidates and has named Marilyn Langlois as its preferred choice. Langlois lost her run for City Council in 2012 and was unsuccessful the last time the council had to appoint one of its members in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Tuesday night's meeting, the council is set to interview the candidates and the public will have a chance to comment. If the council does not fill the seat by its Sept. 16 deadline it must hold a special election, which would happen next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To learn more about the 13 candidates see their official statements by \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/3484/City-Council-Vacancy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">clicking here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "vietnam-war-inspires-a-lifetime-of-political-activism-in-san-jose",
"title": "Vietnam War Inspires a Lifetime of Political Activism in San Jose",
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"content": "\u003cp>UC Berkeley is famous for its student protests during the Vietnam War era, but students protested all over the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford students rioted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2011/01/19/stanford-ponders-the-return-of-rotc-after-nearly-four-decades/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">kick the ROTC program\u003c/a> off-campus. San Francisco State University students gained notoriety for going\u003ca href=\"http://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=STRIKE!..._Concerning_the_1968-69_Strike_at_San_Francisco_State_College\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> on strike\u003c/a> in 1968 to demand ethnic studies classes, but the campus was also a hotbed for \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/209216\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anti-war protest\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And San Jose State University students garnered national headlines with a couple dynamic protests, like the one over campus recruiting by Dow Chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow Chemical was a major manufacturer of napalm, a reviled weapon used extensively by the U.S. military in Vietnam, and on Nov. 20, 1967, roughly 3,000 people filled the plaza outside the administration building at San Jose State to protest the company’s presence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university’s archives contain footage of that protest:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MOfs8iJNTeE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose State journalism professor Gordon Greb reported on the chaotic scene, injecting some commentary that today belies what you can observe in the video footage. Many people who marched against the Vietnam War will tell you the media at that time tended to downplay the size of crowds and focus their reports on violence. (This demonstration had been peaceful for hours before the scene on this video.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/vietnamwar/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-11616324\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/TheVietnamWar_web-banners-1180x177-e1505162432907.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"301\" height=\"301\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the perspective of one shy physics major who was part of the crowd that day, Gil Villagran. Today, Villagran’s hair is short and white. He walks with a cane. But on that day in 1967, Villagran was an obvious target for police photographers looking to identify troublemakers. He wore his hair long, and on top, a Che Guevera-style red beret, with a yellow felt star he’d sewn on himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People around Villagran spotted the photographers on the roof of the engineering building overlooking the plaza. “Somebody said, ‘Look, it’s the cops taking pictures of us. Wave to the cops.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-800x777.jpg\" alt=\"Gil Villagran's long hair and beard caught the eye of police photographers in 1967. He's trimmed since then, but his fervor for political protest remains strong.\" width=\"800\" height=\"777\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-800x777.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-160x155.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-1020x990.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-1180x1145.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-960x932.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-240x233.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-375x364.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-520x505.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gil Villagran’s long hair and beard caught the eye of police photographers in 1967. He’s trimmed since then, but his fervor for political protest remains strong. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Gil Villagran)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those photos would lead to his expulsion, making Villagran one of a handful of demonstrators who paid a price for putting San Jose State in the national headlines. Later that week, a letter arrived, special delivery, at his parents’ home in Santa Clara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It reads: “The Governor of the state of California, Ronald Reagan, the trustees of the California State University system, the president of the university, have determined that your presence on this campus is a danger to faculty, students and staff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen my mother so distraught,” Villagran said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>The Bay Area Reacts to the Vietnam War\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/5N_CZoYSc7M?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>His parents were not happy about his penchant for political protest. Villagran’s father was a bracero, a farmworker from Mexico. Villagran was the first in his family to go to college. They wanted him to focus on his studies. They also worried for his physical safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in 1967 Villlagran felt there was nothing more important than the war: a war he felt was unjust, unconstitutional and a horrific waste of human life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Two of my friends were dead. And I was a very bitter young man about that,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran was already annoying less politically charged students by turning every class he attended into a seminar on the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And many students would get very upset,” he says. “‘Hey, I came here to learn psychology. Why are we talking about this fucking war?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11615194 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"The Dow Chemical protest of 1967 was covered by the Spartan Daily.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-520x293.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3.jpg 999w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Dow Chemical protest of 1967 was covered by the Spartan Daily. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of San José State University Special Collections & Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s when Villagran was still going to class. He admits he attended fewer and fewer classes, as the immediacy of the war gnawed on him. Almost every day, he says, there was a teach-in on the plaza by the administration building, or planning meetings for protests and marches at San Jose State. Underground newsletters like Sedition and The Red Eye kept student activists apprised of the latest news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran traveled with friends to other campuses to see famous people, including Angela Davis, Tom Hayden, Harry Edwards, Bobby Kennedy and Ralph Nader. But the 23,000 student campus at San Jose also pulled in top-line anti-war speakers and performers, including Joan Baez, who offered to sing a song for the first student who promised to burn his draft card should one come in the mail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran volunteered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose State students made national headlines again in 1970, when they marched to the San Jose Civic Auditorium, where President Richard Nixon’s \u003ca href=\"http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1970/10/30/page/1/article/mob-attacks-nixon-cars/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">motorcade left through a crowd\u003c/a> of angry demonstrators. GOP advertisements then used images of the scene to drum up political support for Republican candidates that election season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose State sociology Professor Emeritus Bob Gliner was also protesting the war back then. He says anti-war demonstrators were always a vocal minority on campus. In the decades since the Vietnam War, student activism has generally been episodic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people say, ‘Oh, they grew out of it, or they grew up.’ But I think, if we want to have a vibrant democracy, it’s not something you grow out of,” Gliner says. “It’s something you integrate into your day to day life, to be conscious of world events and to do something about problems that really bother you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran, now 69, speaks proudly of a lifetime of political activism. After he was expelled in 1967, he returned to San Jose State to earn a masters degree. He became a social worker and returned to San Jose State to teach in the School of Social Work, where he’s still an emeritus lecturer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, he’s written articles and opinion pieces for local papers and blogs. His interests range from current politics, like the presidency of \u003ca href=\"https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2017/07/28/18801101.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Donald Trump\u003c/a>, to the historical, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2016/06/08/18787319.php#18786938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this essay\u003c/a> on four San Jose women who attempted to block the loading of napalm bombs headed for Vietnam in 1966. Currently, Villagran is focused on highlighting the Latino history of the South Bay with a group called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/LaRazaHistoricalSocietySCV/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">La Raza Historical Society of Santa Clara Valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran says he would like the university to mark the area where students angrily protested Dow Chemical with a monument outside the administration building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There should be something here like that. Right here. Because that’s where it all happened,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To read more of KQED’s series of articles regarding the impact of the Vietnam War on the Bay Area, visit \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/vietnamwar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">kqed.org/vietnamwar\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>UC Berkeley is famous for its student protests during the Vietnam War era, but students protested all over the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford students rioted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2011/01/19/stanford-ponders-the-return-of-rotc-after-nearly-four-decades/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">kick the ROTC program\u003c/a> off-campus. San Francisco State University students gained notoriety for going\u003ca href=\"http://www.foundsf.org/index.php?title=STRIKE!..._Concerning_the_1968-69_Strike_at_San_Francisco_State_College\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> on strike\u003c/a> in 1968 to demand ethnic studies classes, but the campus was also a hotbed for \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/209216\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anti-war protest\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And San Jose State University students garnered national headlines with a couple dynamic protests, like the one over campus recruiting by Dow Chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow Chemical was a major manufacturer of napalm, a reviled weapon used extensively by the U.S. military in Vietnam, and on Nov. 20, 1967, roughly 3,000 people filled the plaza outside the administration building at San Jose State to protest the company’s presence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The university’s archives contain footage of that protest:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MOfs8iJNTeE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MOfs8iJNTeE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>San Jose State journalism professor Gordon Greb reported on the chaotic scene, injecting some commentary that today belies what you can observe in the video footage. Many people who marched against the Vietnam War will tell you the media at that time tended to downplay the size of crowds and focus their reports on violence. (This demonstration had been peaceful for hours before the scene on this video.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/vietnamwar/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-11616324\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/TheVietnamWar_web-banners-1180x177-e1505162432907.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"301\" height=\"301\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was the perspective of one shy physics major who was part of the crowd that day, Gil Villagran. Today, Villagran’s hair is short and white. He walks with a cane. But on that day in 1967, Villagran was an obvious target for police photographers looking to identify troublemakers. He wore his hair long, and on top, a Che Guevera-style red beret, with a yellow felt star he’d sewn on himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People around Villagran spotted the photographers on the roof of the engineering building overlooking the plaza. “Somebody said, ‘Look, it’s the cops taking pictures of us. Wave to the cops.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616202\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-800x777.jpg\" alt=\"Gil Villagran's long hair and beard caught the eye of police photographers in 1967. He's trimmed since then, but his fervor for political protest remains strong.\" width=\"800\" height=\"777\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-800x777.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-160x155.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-1020x990.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-1180x1145.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-960x932.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-240x233.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-375x364.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-520x505.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2-50x50.jpg 50w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26507_IMG_0409-2.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gil Villagran’s long hair and beard caught the eye of police photographers in 1967. He’s trimmed since then, but his fervor for political protest remains strong. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of Gil Villagran)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those photos would lead to his expulsion, making Villagran one of a handful of demonstrators who paid a price for putting San Jose State in the national headlines. Later that week, a letter arrived, special delivery, at his parents’ home in Santa Clara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It reads: “The Governor of the state of California, Ronald Reagan, the trustees of the California State University system, the president of the university, have determined that your presence on this campus is a danger to faculty, students and staff.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen my mother so distraught,” Villagran said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>The Bay Area Reacts to the Vietnam War\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/5N_CZoYSc7M?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>His parents were not happy about his penchant for political protest. Villagran’s father was a bracero, a farmworker from Mexico. Villagran was the first in his family to go to college. They wanted him to focus on his studies. They also worried for his physical safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in 1967 Villlagran felt there was nothing more important than the war: a war he felt was unjust, unconstitutional and a horrific waste of human life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Two of my friends were dead. And I was a very bitter young man about that,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran was already annoying less politically charged students by turning every class he attended into a seminar on the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And many students would get very upset,” he says. “‘Hey, I came here to learn psychology. Why are we talking about this fucking war?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11615194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11615194 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"The Dow Chemical protest of 1967 was covered by the Spartan Daily.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3-520x293.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS26474_f98ce8793f2c5f868f03355a973b2fd3.jpg 999w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Dow Chemical protest of 1967 was covered by the Spartan Daily. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of San José State University Special Collections & Archives)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s when Villagran was still going to class. He admits he attended fewer and fewer classes, as the immediacy of the war gnawed on him. Almost every day, he says, there was a teach-in on the plaza by the administration building, or planning meetings for protests and marches at San Jose State. Underground newsletters like Sedition and The Red Eye kept student activists apprised of the latest news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran traveled with friends to other campuses to see famous people, including Angela Davis, Tom Hayden, Harry Edwards, Bobby Kennedy and Ralph Nader. But the 23,000 student campus at San Jose also pulled in top-line anti-war speakers and performers, including Joan Baez, who offered to sing a song for the first student who promised to burn his draft card should one come in the mail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran volunteered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose State students made national headlines again in 1970, when they marched to the San Jose Civic Auditorium, where President Richard Nixon’s \u003ca href=\"http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1970/10/30/page/1/article/mob-attacks-nixon-cars/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">motorcade left through a crowd\u003c/a> of angry demonstrators. GOP advertisements then used images of the scene to drum up political support for Republican candidates that election season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose State sociology Professor Emeritus Bob Gliner was also protesting the war back then. He says anti-war demonstrators were always a vocal minority on campus. In the decades since the Vietnam War, student activism has generally been episodic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people say, ‘Oh, they grew out of it, or they grew up.’ But I think, if we want to have a vibrant democracy, it’s not something you grow out of,” Gliner says. “It’s something you integrate into your day to day life, to be conscious of world events and to do something about problems that really bother you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran, now 69, speaks proudly of a lifetime of political activism. After he was expelled in 1967, he returned to San Jose State to earn a masters degree. He became a social worker and returned to San Jose State to teach in the School of Social Work, where he’s still an emeritus lecturer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, he’s written articles and opinion pieces for local papers and blogs. His interests range from current politics, like the presidency of \u003ca href=\"https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2017/07/28/18801101.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Donald Trump\u003c/a>, to the historical, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2016/06/08/18787319.php#18786938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">this essay\u003c/a> on four San Jose women who attempted to block the loading of napalm bombs headed for Vietnam in 1966. Currently, Villagran is focused on highlighting the Latino history of the South Bay with a group called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/LaRazaHistoricalSocietySCV/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">La Raza Historical Society of Santa Clara Valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Villagran says he would like the university to mark the area where students angrily protested Dow Chemical with a monument outside the administration building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There should be something here like that. Right here. Because that’s where it all happened,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>To read more of KQED’s series of articles regarding the impact of the Vietnam War on the Bay Area, visit \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/vietnamwar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">kqed.org/vietnamwar\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Governor, Senate Leader Reach Deal on California 'Sanctuary State' Bill",
"title": "Governor, Senate Leader Reach Deal on California 'Sanctuary State' Bill",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>After weeks of negotiations, Governor Jerry Brown and California's state Senate leader agreed Monday to legislation that would severely restrict interactions between California law enforcement agencies and federal immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill builds on previous state laws that limited the ability of local police and sheriffs departments to work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It includes some hard-fought wins for immigration advocates, including a blanket ban on immigration holds -- when local jails are asked to keep someone in their custody for ICE who's otherwise eligible for release. But it also gives sheriffs some latitude over when they can talk to immigration officials about somebody in their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> will make a significant impact in increasing protections for immigrants in most counties,\" A\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ngela Chan, a San Francisco-based immigration attorney at the Asian Law Caucus, who’s been pushing these sorts of protections in Sacramento for years. \"B\u003c/span>ecause it's not everything we’d hoped for it doesn't completely stop the entanglement (between local police and ICE), we do have a lot more work to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de León, who wrote\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\"> Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, agreed to the series of amendments following fierce opposition from sheriffs and other law enforcement officials, and concern that the governor might veto the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes made this week got Brown and the police chiefs association on board, but the powerful California State Sheriff's Association remains opposed, saying they don't want any limits on their communications with ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While a good portion of our suggestions were ultimately incorporated, the bill still goes too far in cutting off communications with the federal government,\" Santa Barbara Sheriff Bill Brown, who heads the statewide association, said in a written statement. \"In the end, we cannot support legislation that limits our ability to protect our communities in a symbolic attempt to impact federal law and policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"7m02GsXrIKLoWWe4YZCIrR9bvElj5UVs\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De León, who introduced the bill just weeks after President Donald Trump's election, told KQED's Forum program on Tuesday that while the bill doesn't have everything he originally wanted, it will go a long way toward protecting immigrants and preserving their trust in local police agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will be the most far reaching progressive policy of its kind in the nation,\" he said. \"It’s a win- win for public safety, it’s a win-win for the community based organizations who worked tirelessly to lobby the legislative body and the governor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear how the Trump administration will respond to the the amended bill. The Department of Justice has already moved to cut off federal law enforcement grants to so-called sanctuary cities like San Francisco, which prohibit cooperation with ICE. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/14/s-f-and-california-attorney-general-announce-lawsuit-challenging-latest-trump-sanctuary-city-policies/\">The state joined San Francisco \u003c/a>and Santa Clara counties in a suit challenging that funding threat; but it remains to be seen if the Justice Department will consider the entire state ineligible for those grants under SB54.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the other changes made to the bill:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation will preserve the ability of law enforcement officers to cooperate on federal task forces as long as the task forces do not specifically target immigration enforcement. It will also allow federal authorities access to statewide databases that could give them valuable information about undocumented Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">None of the restrictions in the bill will apply to state prisons. And while ICE won't be allowed to rent office space and permanently station officers inside local jails -- as is now the case in Fresno County -- SB54 won't prevent ICE agents from interviewing people who are in the custody of local jails. Currently, Fresno, Kern and Stanislaus counties currently \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/03/fresno-sheriffs-ice-partnership-may-give-a-glimpse-of-trump-era-deportations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allow ICE agents to interview jail inmates\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the most major concession to law enforcement concerns, de León agreed to allow sheriffs to talk to ICE about certain people in their custody. Under the measure, sheriff's agencies can pass on information about people who are in jail and were previously convicted of one of 800 crimes -- mostly felonies -- in the past 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in general, the bill seeks to draw a bright line between local police agency's work and that of ICE. For example, the bill would prohibit the Orange County Sheriff's Department from allowing jail guards to act as immigration agents under a federal partnership called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/287g\">287(g) program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill has passed the state Senate but has faced a tougher test in the more moderate Assembly. With the changes -- and Brown's support -- backers think the Assembly will easily pass the measure by Friday, the annual legislative deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has until Oct. 15 to sign or veto bills passed by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[sb54amend]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California's governor and top senate leader reached a deal allowing a bill limiting law enforcement's interactions with ICE to move forward.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After weeks of negotiations, Governor Jerry Brown and California's state Senate leader agreed Monday to legislation that would severely restrict interactions between California law enforcement agencies and federal immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill builds on previous state laws that limited the ability of local police and sheriffs departments to work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It includes some hard-fought wins for immigration advocates, including a blanket ban on immigration holds -- when local jails are asked to keep someone in their custody for ICE who's otherwise eligible for release. But it also gives sheriffs some latitude over when they can talk to immigration officials about somebody in their custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> will make a significant impact in increasing protections for immigrants in most counties,\" A\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ngela Chan, a San Francisco-based immigration attorney at the Asian Law Caucus, who’s been pushing these sorts of protections in Sacramento for years. \"B\u003c/span>ecause it's not everything we’d hoped for it doesn't completely stop the entanglement (between local police and ICE), we do have a lot more work to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate President Pro Tem Kevin de León, who wrote\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\"> Senate Bill 54\u003c/a>, agreed to the series of amendments following fierce opposition from sheriffs and other law enforcement officials, and concern that the governor might veto the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes made this week got Brown and the police chiefs association on board, but the powerful California State Sheriff's Association remains opposed, saying they don't want any limits on their communications with ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While a good portion of our suggestions were ultimately incorporated, the bill still goes too far in cutting off communications with the federal government,\" Santa Barbara Sheriff Bill Brown, who heads the statewide association, said in a written statement. \"In the end, we cannot support legislation that limits our ability to protect our communities in a symbolic attempt to impact federal law and policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De León, who introduced the bill just weeks after President Donald Trump's election, told KQED's Forum program on Tuesday that while the bill doesn't have everything he originally wanted, it will go a long way toward protecting immigrants and preserving their trust in local police agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This will be the most far reaching progressive policy of its kind in the nation,\" he said. \"It’s a win- win for public safety, it’s a win-win for the community based organizations who worked tirelessly to lobby the legislative body and the governor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unclear how the Trump administration will respond to the the amended bill. The Department of Justice has already moved to cut off federal law enforcement grants to so-called sanctuary cities like San Francisco, which prohibit cooperation with ICE. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/14/s-f-and-california-attorney-general-announce-lawsuit-challenging-latest-trump-sanctuary-city-policies/\">The state joined San Francisco \u003c/a>and Santa Clara counties in a suit challenging that funding threat; but it remains to be seen if the Justice Department will consider the entire state ineligible for those grants under SB54.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the other changes made to the bill:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation will preserve the ability of law enforcement officers to cooperate on federal task forces as long as the task forces do not specifically target immigration enforcement. It will also allow federal authorities access to statewide databases that could give them valuable information about undocumented Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">None of the restrictions in the bill will apply to state prisons. And while ICE won't be allowed to rent office space and permanently station officers inside local jails -- as is now the case in Fresno County -- SB54 won't prevent ICE agents from interviewing people who are in the custody of local jails. Currently, Fresno, Kern and Stanislaus counties currently \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/03/fresno-sheriffs-ice-partnership-may-give-a-glimpse-of-trump-era-deportations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allow ICE agents to interview jail inmates\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the most major concession to law enforcement concerns, de León agreed to allow sheriffs to talk to ICE about certain people in their custody. Under the measure, sheriff's agencies can pass on information about people who are in jail and were previously convicted of one of 800 crimes -- mostly felonies -- in the past 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in general, the bill seeks to draw a bright line between local police agency's work and that of ICE. For example, the bill would prohibit the Orange County Sheriff's Department from allowing jail guards to act as immigration agents under a federal partnership called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/287g\">287(g) program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill has passed the state Senate but has faced a tougher test in the more moderate Assembly. With the changes -- and Brown's support -- backers think the Assembly will easily pass the measure by Friday, the annual legislative deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has until Oct. 15 to sign or veto bills passed by the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[sb54amend]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Is All That Wildfire Smoke Damaging My Lungs?",
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"content": "\u003cp>It's an unusually bad wildfire season in the West, and for weeks people across the region have been breathing air thick with smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's smoke from Canada, smoke from Idaho, smoke from California and Montana. There's smoke everywhere,\" says Greg Svelund, a spokesman for \u003ca href=\"http://oregonsmoke.blogspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Oregon's Department of Environmental Quality.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A quick look at the Environmental Protection Agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.main\" target=\"_blank\">Air Now\u003c/a> website shows unhealthy or hazardous air conditions all over the Pacific Northwest and into Northern California, Idaho and Montana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My lungs have been really sore. It's hard to breathe and it smells like we're in a campfire,\" says Tucker McClaran, who I found riding her bike in Portland, Oregon. She's wearing what looks like a \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Coxeer-Motocycle-Cover-Outdoor-Activities/dp/B06Y28TMQ3/ref=sr_1_19?ie=UTF8&qid=1504889293&sr=8-19-spons&keywords=bicycle+masks&psc=1\" target=\"_blank\">biker's face mask\u003c/a>. \"It's hot,\" she says. \"It's chemically, and it's gross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will her face mask really help protect her lungs? And what are the long-term health risks of breathing this acrid, yellow air?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/549165837/550058423\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer those and other health questions, I met up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohsu.edu/providers/gopal-allada/11AEA160C74A4143B794D2BB27A9DEB5\">Dr. Gopal Allada,\u003c/a> a pulmonologist and critical care specialist at Oregon Health and Science University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're on a balcony at the university hospital, overlooking the smoky city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This haze represents a lot of ambient smoke particles and particulate that's burning from the trees and organic matter,\" Allada says. \"It's hanging in the air and hitting our lungs, hitting our nose and causing problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The falling flecks of ash get lodged in our eyes and nose and cause irritating symptoms like itchy eyes, sore throat, headaches -- even a little nausea. But it's the\u003ca href=\"https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/indoors/air/pmq_a.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> fine particles\u003c/a> -- particulate matter that's 2.5 microns or less in diameter -- that are the biggest health hazard. They're so small you can't see them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Local resident Ruben Garibyan watches the approach of flames from the La Tuna Fire from his balcony in the Shadow Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles on Sept. 2, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616314\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Local resident Ruben Garibyan watches the approach of flames from the La Tuna Fire from his balcony in the Shadow Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles on Sept. 2, 2017. \u003ccite>(ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"This is not good for our lungs,\" Allada says. \"When you inhale these really small particles, smaller than a few microns, they can land in your lungs and cause respiratory symptoms.\" They can even pass into your bloodstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most people, the risk of any serious complications, like chest pain, irregular heartbeat or even heart attack, is minimal. But for people who have underlying heart conditions or respiratory illnesses -- such as asthma or chronic lung disease -- exposure to wildfire smoke can be serious. Other high-risk groups include people over 65, children (whose lungs are still developing) and pregnant women, because of the risk to the fetus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best way for everyone to minimize the risk when skies are smoky is to stay inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Close all windows and doors unless it's really hot,\" Allada says. \"And use the recirculate button in your car or on your air conditioner, so you are not bringing in new particulate matter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don't have air conditioning, try spending some time in a library, mall or community center that does, says Dr. Ann Thomas, a preventive medicine specialist with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oregon.gov/OHA/PH/PHD/Pages/index.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Oregon Health Authority\u003c/a>, which has published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.oregon.gov/oha/ph/Preparedness/Prepare/Documents/OHA%208626%20Wildfire%20FAQs-v6c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">pamphlet\u003c/a> on the health effects of wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"A smoky pall hangs over much of the western United States in early September.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616311\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A smoky pall hangs over much of the western United States in early September. \u003ccite>(Earth Observatory/NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A standard dust mask that you can buy at the pharmacy won't do you much good, Thomas says. It may keep out the large pieces of ash, but it also may cause you to inhale more deeply, and it won't filter out the microscopic particles that can get into your lungs. An\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/disp_part/n95list1.html\"> N95\u003c/a> mask can filter out 95 percent of smoke particles, but only if it's fitted properly and dirty air doesn't leak around the sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the particulates, there are gases like carbon monoxide and cyanide in wildfire smoke, but these are more of a danger to firefighters who work close to the flames and are exposed year after year, says Thomas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of us shouldn't worry too much about long-term damage, even if the smoke persists for a few days or weeks. \"I don't want to downplay the significance of the symptoms that many of us are feeling,\" Thomas says. \"But the good news is, they go away. They'll resolve quickly, unless you are in one of these high-risk groups.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are at high risk, you might want to invest in a \u003ca href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/19338.htm\" target=\"_blank\">high-efficiency particle arresting\u003c/a> (HEPA) air filter, which costs around $50 to $300. And when air conditions are bad, avoid burning candles, frying meat, even vacuuming, which can all add more tiny particles to the air. And drink lots of water. The fluid keeps your eyes, nose and throat moist, which can help alleviate irritation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's an unusually bad wildfire season in the West, and for weeks people across the region have been breathing air thick with smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's smoke from Canada, smoke from Idaho, smoke from California and Montana. There's smoke everywhere,\" says Greg Svelund, a spokesman for \u003ca href=\"http://oregonsmoke.blogspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Oregon's Department of Environmental Quality.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A quick look at the Environmental Protection Agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=airnow.main\" target=\"_blank\">Air Now\u003c/a> website shows unhealthy or hazardous air conditions all over the Pacific Northwest and into Northern California, Idaho and Montana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My lungs have been really sore. It's hard to breathe and it smells like we're in a campfire,\" says Tucker McClaran, who I found riding her bike in Portland, Oregon. She's wearing what looks like a \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Coxeer-Motocycle-Cover-Outdoor-Activities/dp/B06Y28TMQ3/ref=sr_1_19?ie=UTF8&qid=1504889293&sr=8-19-spons&keywords=bicycle+masks&psc=1\" target=\"_blank\">biker's face mask\u003c/a>. \"It's hot,\" she says. \"It's chemically, and it's gross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will her face mask really help protect her lungs? And what are the long-term health risks of breathing this acrid, yellow air?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/549165837/550058423\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To answer those and other health questions, I met up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ohsu.edu/providers/gopal-allada/11AEA160C74A4143B794D2BB27A9DEB5\">Dr. Gopal Allada,\u003c/a> a pulmonologist and critical care specialist at Oregon Health and Science University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We're on a balcony at the university hospital, overlooking the smoky city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This haze represents a lot of ambient smoke particles and particulate that's burning from the trees and organic matter,\" Allada says. \"It's hanging in the air and hitting our lungs, hitting our nose and causing problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The falling flecks of ash get lodged in our eyes and nose and cause irritating symptoms like itchy eyes, sore throat, headaches -- even a little nausea. But it's the\u003ca href=\"https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/indoors/air/pmq_a.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> fine particles\u003c/a> -- particulate matter that's 2.5 microns or less in diameter -- that are the biggest health hazard. They're so small you can't see them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Local resident Ruben Garibyan watches the approach of flames from the La Tuna Fire from his balcony in the Shadow Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles on Sept. 2, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616314\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/LaTunaSmoke-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Local resident Ruben Garibyan watches the approach of flames from the La Tuna Fire from his balcony in the Shadow Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles on Sept. 2, 2017. \u003ccite>(ROBYN BECK/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"This is not good for our lungs,\" Allada says. \"When you inhale these really small particles, smaller than a few microns, they can land in your lungs and cause respiratory symptoms.\" They can even pass into your bloodstream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most people, the risk of any serious complications, like chest pain, irregular heartbeat or even heart attack, is minimal. But for people who have underlying heart conditions or respiratory illnesses -- such as asthma or chronic lung disease -- exposure to wildfire smoke can be serious. Other high-risk groups include people over 65, children (whose lungs are still developing) and pregnant women, because of the risk to the fetus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best way for everyone to minimize the risk when skies are smoky is to stay inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Close all windows and doors unless it's really hot,\" Allada says. \"And use the recirculate button in your car or on your air conditioner, so you are not bringing in new particulate matter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you don't have air conditioning, try spending some time in a library, mall or community center that does, says Dr. Ann Thomas, a preventive medicine specialist with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.oregon.gov/OHA/PH/PHD/Pages/index.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Oregon Health Authority\u003c/a>, which has published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.oregon.gov/oha/ph/Preparedness/Prepare/Documents/OHA%208626%20Wildfire%20FAQs-v6c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">pamphlet\u003c/a> on the health effects of wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11616311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"A smoky pall hangs over much of the western United States in early September.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11616311\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/smokeusa_vir_2017247_lrg-2_custom-28dc5b96f459e875b13c84536519b29cec0e577a-s800-c85-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A smoky pall hangs over much of the western United States in early September. \u003ccite>(Earth Observatory/NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A standard dust mask that you can buy at the pharmacy won't do you much good, Thomas says. It may keep out the large pieces of ash, but it also may cause you to inhale more deeply, and it won't filter out the microscopic particles that can get into your lungs. An\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/disp_part/n95list1.html\"> N95\u003c/a> mask can filter out 95 percent of smoke particles, but only if it's fitted properly and dirty air doesn't leak around the sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the particulates, there are gases like carbon monoxide and cyanide in wildfire smoke, but these are more of a danger to firefighters who work close to the flames and are exposed year after year, says Thomas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of us shouldn't worry too much about long-term damage, even if the smoke persists for a few days or weeks. \"I don't want to downplay the significance of the symptoms that many of us are feeling,\" Thomas says. \"But the good news is, they go away. They'll resolve quickly, unless you are in one of these high-risk groups.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are at high risk, you might want to invest in a \u003ca href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/ency/imagepages/19338.htm\" target=\"_blank\">high-efficiency particle arresting\u003c/a> (HEPA) air filter, which costs around $50 to $300. And when air conditions are bad, avoid burning candles, frying meat, even vacuuming, which can all add more tiny particles to the air. And drink lots of water. The fluid keeps your eyes, nose and throat moist, which can help alleviate irritation. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
},
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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