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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting, a nonprofit news organization based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Learn more at \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/\">revealnews.org\u003c/a> and subscribe to the Reveal podcast, produced with PRX, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/podcast\">revealnews.org/podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]nside Tesla’s electric car factory, giant red robots – some named for X-Men characters – heave car parts in the air, while workers wearing black toil on aluminum car bodies. Forklifts and tuggers zip by on gray-painted floors, differentiated from pedestrian walkways by another shade of gray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s one color, though, that some of Tesla’s former safety experts wanted to see more of: yellow – the traditional hue of caution used to mark hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concerned about bone-crunching collisions and the lack of clearly marked pedestrian lanes at the Fremont, California, plant, the general assembly line’s then-lead safety professional went to her boss, who she said told her, “Elon does not like the color yellow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The melding of cutting-edge technology and world-saving vision is Tesla Inc.’s big draw. Many, including Justine White, the safety lead, went to work there inspired by Elon Musk, a CEO with star power and now a\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/science/shortcuts/2018/feb/07/forget-the-car-in-space-why-elon-musks-reusable-rockets-are-more-than-a-publicity-stunt\"> groundbreaking rocket\u003c/a> in space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What she and some of her colleagues found, they said, was a chaotic factory floor where style and speed trumped safety. Musk’s name often was invoked to justify shortcuts and shoot down concerns, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under fire for mounting injuries, Tesla recently\u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/blog/becoming-safest-car-factory-world\"> touted a sharp drop\u003c/a> in its injury rate for 2017, which it says came down to meet the auto industry average of about 6.2 injuries per 100 workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But things are not always as they seem at Tesla. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/article/tesla-says-its-factory-is-safer-but-it-left-injuries-off-the-books\">investigation\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"http://revealnews.org/\">Reveal\u003c/a> from The Center for Investigative Reporting found that Tesla has failed to report some of its serious injuries on legally mandated reports, making the company’s injury numbers look better than they actually are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11662656\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-800x613.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-800x613.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-160x123.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-1020x782.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-1180x904.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-960x736.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-240x184.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-375x287.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-520x399.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2.png 1190w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last April, Tarik Logan suffered debilitating headaches from the fumes of a toxic glue he had to use at the plant. He texted his mom: “I’m n hella pain foreal something ain’t right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The searing pain became so unbearable he couldn’t work, and it plagued him for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Logan’s inhalation injury, as it was diagnosed, never made it onto the official injury logs that state and federal law requires companies to keep. Neither did reports from other factory workers of sprains, strains and repetitive stress injuries from piecing together Tesla’s sleek cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, company officials labeled the injuries personal medical issues or minor incidents requiring only first aid, according to internal company records obtained by Reveal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undercounting injuries is one symptom of a more fundamental problem at Tesla: The company has put its manufacturing of electric cars above safety concerns, according to five former members of its environment, health and safety team who left the company last year. That, they said, has put workers unnecessarily in harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, White said she warned superiors about a potential explosion hazard but was told they would defer to production managers because fixing the problem would require stopping the production line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From September 2016 to January 2017, White oversaw safety for thousands of workers on Tesla’s general assembly line, in charge of responding to injuries, reviewing injury records, teaching safety classes and assessing the factory for hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything took a back seat to production,” White said. “It’s just a matter of time before somebody gets killed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla, worth about $50 billion, employs more than 10,000 workers at its Fremont factory. Alongside the company’s remarkable rise, workers have been sliced by machinery, crushed by forklifts, burned in electrical explosions and sprayed with molten metal. Tesla recorded \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419499-Tesla-300A-2017.html\">722 injuries\u003c/a> last year, about two a day. The rate of serious injuries, requiring time off or a work restriction, was 30 percent worse than the previous year’s industry average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frantic growth, constant changes and lax rules, combined with a CEO whom senior managers were afraid to cross, created an atmosphere in which few dared to stand up for worker safety, the former environment, health and safety team members told Reveal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in addition to yellow, Musk was said to dislike too many signs in the factory and the warning beeps forklifts make when backing up, former team members said. His preferences, they said, were well known and led to cutting back on those standard safety signals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone said, ‘Elon doesn’t like something,’ you were concerned because you could lose your job,” said Susan Rigmaiden, former environmental compliance manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months into her job, White became so alarmed that she \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419515-Justine-Email-to-HR.html\">wrote\u003c/a> to a human resources manager that “the risk of injury is too high. People are getting hurt every day and near-hit incidents where people are getting almost crushed or hit by cars is unacceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, she \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4416595-Justine-White-Email-to-Sam-Teller.html\">emailed\u003c/a> Sam Teller, Musk’s chief of staff, that safety team leaders were failing to address the hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know what can keep a person up at night regarding safety,” she wrote. “I must tell you that I can’t sleep here at Tesla.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she never heard back from Musk’s office. She transferred departments and quit a couple of months later, disillusioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her March 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4437759-Resignation-Letter-Excerpt.html\">resignation letter,\u003c/a> White recounted the time she told her boss, Seth Woody, “that the plant layout was extremely dangerous to pedestrians.” Woody, head of the safety team, told her “that Elon didn’t want signs, anything yellow (like caution tape) or to wear safety shoes in the plant” and acknowledged it “was a mess,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sent the letter directly to Musk and the head of human resources at the time – to no response, she said. Woody did not respond to inquiries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662661\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662661\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Tesla quality inspector Dennis Cruz has had a series of injuries that took him off the production line. At one point, living on workers’ compensation payments because of work-induced tendinitis, he ended up living in his car, unable to afford rent.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tesla quality inspector Dennis Cruz has had a series of injuries that took him off the production line. At one point, living on workers’ compensation payments because of work-induced tendinitis, he ended up living in his car, unable to afford rent. \u003ccite>(Emily Harger/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tesla officials dismissed all of White’s concerns as unsubstantiated. They insisted that the company records injuries accurately and cares deeply about the safety of its workers. As proof, company officials said a recent anonymous internal survey found 82 percent of employees agreed that “Tesla is committed to my health, safety and well-being.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before publication of this story, a Tesla spokesman sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4432415-Tesla-Statement.html\">statement\u003c/a> accusing Reveal of being a tool in an ongoing unionization drive and portraying “a completely false picture of Tesla and what it is actually like to work here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our view, what they portray as investigative journalism is in fact an ideologically motivated attack by an extremist organization working directly with union supporters to create a calculated disinformation campaign against Tesla,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla’s spokesman also sent photos of rails and posts in the factory that were painted yellow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal interviewed more than three dozen current and former employees and managers and reviewed hundreds of pages of documents. Some of the workers who spoke to Reveal have supported the unionization effort, while many others – including safety professionals – had no involvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Chaotic Factory Floor\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On one hand, Tesla boasts state-of-the-art machinery that makes it “like working for Iron Man,” as one former employee described it. On the other, the company relied on hoists that weren’t engineered or inspected before they were used to lift heavy car parts, according to a former safety team member, resulting in repeated accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662666\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662666\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"At Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, CEO Elon Musk’s name often was invoked to justify shortcuts and shoot down safety concerns, former safety experts for the company say. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-1020x675.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-1200x794.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-1180x781.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-960x635.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, CEO Elon Musk’s name often was invoked to justify shortcuts and shoot down safety concerns, former safety experts for the company say. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company is under immense pressure to ramp up manufacturing of the new Model 3 sedan, its first mass-market vehicle at $35,000. Musk initially said Tesla would be producing\u003ca href=\"https://mashable.com/2017/10/03/tesla-model-3-production-woes-analysis/#KH37hHQFemqw\"> 20,000 of them per month\u003c/a> by the end of 2017, but the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2018/04/03/tesla-misses-model-3-production-goal-once-again/?utm_term=.6679155b2d34\">just missed\u003c/a> its scaled-back promise to produce half that number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla is often in a state of frenzied production. Former employees said they faced 12-hour workdays, faulty equipment and paltry training as they scrambled to come up with workarounds on the fly to get cars out the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hustle meant that health and safety protocols could literally get left in the dust. Last year, construction workers cut through concrete to build the new Model 3 assembly line, spreading silica dust – which can cause cancer – without containing and testing it first, Rigmaiden and two other former members of the health and safety team said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the high stakes for life and limb, the safety professionals maintain safety training has been woefully inadequate. The company said all workers receive at least four days of training. But new employees often were pulled out of training early to fill spots on the factory floor, White and another former safety team member said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Team members were reluctant to speak to reporters, but said they agreed to in order to help improve conditions for current and future Tesla workers. Some asked to remain anonymous for fear of reprisals or hurting their careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Tesla Chief People Officer Gaby Toledano, who joined the company in May, repeatedly questioned the motives of the former health and safety professionals and suggested they might have been “failing at their own job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toledano touted the hiring in October of Laurie Shelby as Tesla’s first vice president for environment, health and safety as an improvement in itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anybody who walks through our doors into this factory is our responsibility, and we care about them,” said Shelby, formerly safety vice president at aluminum manufacturer Alcoa. “I have a passion for safety and it’s about caring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla disputed each of Reveal’s findings. The company said that it had no information that workers were exposed to silica dust and that it does regular air monitoring. It said that while some hoists did fail and injure workers, it was not due to a lack of engineering or inspections, and they have been improved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662669\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Tesla officials Laurie Shelby (L) and Gaby Toledano read the concerns of then-safety lead Justine White, who emailed CEO Elon Musk’s chief of staff in 2016. “I know what can keep a person up at night regarding safety,” she wrote. “I must tell you that I can’t sleep here at Tesla.” Tesla says her concerns were unsubstantiated. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tesla officials Laurie Shelby (L) and Gaby Toledano read the concerns of then-safety lead Justine White, who emailed CEO Elon Musk’s chief of staff in 2016. “I know what can keep a person up at night regarding safety,” she wrote. “I must tell you that I can’t sleep here at Tesla.” Tesla says her concerns were unsubstantiated. \u003ccite>(Paul Kuroda/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Toledano and Shelby said they had never heard of Musk’s purported aesthetic preferences and pointed out that the factory does have some yellow. Both distanced themselves from what might have happened before their tenure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all injured workers have given up on Tesla, either. Dennis Cruz has had his share of injuries, yet he still wants to get back to the production line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, out on workers’ compensation because of work-induced tendinitis, Cruz ended up living in his car, unable to afford rent. Then, in late 2016, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4436216-SDS-BM4601.html\">toxic\u003c/a> adhesive many workers complain about got in his eye, damaging his cornea. And in September, as a quality inspector, Cruz says he put out a fire that broke out on a car body, inhaling fumes from burning chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz, 42, is on light duty as he struggles with shortness of breath, coughing spells and headaches. But he wants to provide for his family, apply his skills and get promoted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t do that on workers’ comp. I can’t do that away from the factory,” he said. “That’s why I push to go back. I push to go back into the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Discrepancies in Injury Counts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Tesla’s internal injury tracking system, a supervisor wrote that a worker couldn’t come to work one day in February 2017 because “his left arm was in pain from installing Wiper motors during his shift.” One worker “fainted and hit head on floor” because “team member was working in a group setting and became uncomfortably hot.” Another employee, a supervisor noted, was “highly relied upon at this workstation” but injured her shoulder from repetitive motion due to an “Unfriendly Ergonomic Process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla is required by law to report every work-related injury that results in days away from work, job restrictions or medical treatment beyond first aid. But those injuries were labeled “personal medical” cases, meaning work had nothing to do with them. So they weren’t counted when Tesla tallied its injuries on legally mandated reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662683\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"New Tesla employees learn how to use tools safely in a training session at the Fremont factory. State safety regulators have cited Tesla eight times since 2013 for deficient training, including twice in the last year. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New Tesla employees learn how to use tools safely in a training session at the Fremont factory. State safety regulators have cited Tesla eight times since 2013 for deficient training, including twice in the last year. \u003ccite>(Paul Kuroda/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The list of the uncounted goes on. One worker had back spasms when reaching for boxes, one sprained her back carrying something to a work table and one got a pinch in his back from bending over to apply sealer and couldn’t walk off the pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, if something at work contributed to an injury – even if work wasn’t the only cause – the injury \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/t8/14300_5.html\">must be counted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A former Tesla safety professional, however, said the company systematically undercounted injuries by mislabeling them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I saw injuries on there like broken bones and lacerations that they were saying were not recordable” as injuries, said the safety professional, who asked to remain anonymous. “I saw a lot of stuff that was like, ‘Wow, this is crazy.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal compared records from Tesla’s internal tracking system, obtained from a source, with the official logs, which were requested by an employee and provided to Reveal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a dozen examples provided to the company by Reveal, Tesla stood by its decision to not count them. It said workers may have thought they were injured because of their jobs, and supervisors may have assumed the same. But later, Tesla said, a medical professional – sometimes contracted or affiliated with the company – determined there was no connection to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel very strongly,” Shelby said. “We are doing proper recordkeeping here at Tesla.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal also provided Tesla’s internal descriptions of the injuries, along with the company’s case-by-case response, to Doug Parker, executive director of Worksafe, an Oakland-based organization that \u003ca href=\"http://worksafe.typepad.com/files/worksafe_tesla5_24.pdf\">previously analyzed\u003c/a> Tesla’s official injury logs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The examples you’ve given me are concerning, troubling,” he said. “They suggest that Tesla isn’t reporting all the workplace injuries that they should be reporting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to the podcast:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"300\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/429374469&color=%23ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&show_teaser=true&visual=true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Division of Occupational Safety and Health has cited Tesla for more than 40 violations since 2013. Tesla’s rate of serious injuries that required time off or job restrictions was\u003ca href=\"http://worksafe.org/file_download/inline/83a169a1-2af7-4c2e-81a5-21b6965ff996\"> 83 percent higher\u003c/a> than the industry in 2016. Since then, however, Tesla says it has turned things around on its way to “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/blog/becoming-safest-car-factory-world\">becoming the safest car factory in the world\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Musk claimed in a \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/02/24/elon-musk-addresses-working-condition-claims-in-tesla-staff-wide-email/\">staffwide email\u003c/a> and at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/06/06/elon-musk-says-tesla-is-on-its-way-to-lowering-employees-injury-rate/\">shareholder meeting\u003c/a> that the company’s injury rate was much better than the industry average. A company \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/blog/creating-the-safest-car-factory-in-the-world\">blog post\u003c/a> said that to be average would be “to go backwards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then Tesla apparently did hit reverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our 2017 data showed that we are at industry average, so we’re happy about that,” Shelby said, explaining the earlier claims as a “snapshot in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk also \u003ca href=\"https://electrek.co/2017/06/02/elon-musk-tesla-injury-factory/\">emailed\u003c/a> his staff last year saying he was meeting weekly with the safety team and “would like to meet every injured person as soon as they are well, so that I can understand from them exactly what we need to do to make it better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toledano said Musk did meet with some injured workers, but no longer meets weekly with the safety team because it isn’t necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I can’t claim he’s met with every injured worker,” she said. “I think that’s absurd.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several former members of the environment, health and safety team said they had other reasons to doubt Tesla’s official numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, for example, didn’t always count injuries among the plant’s temporary workers, they said. Tesla fills some of its factory positions with temp workers who later may be offered permanent jobs. Companies must count those injuries if they supervise the temps, as Tesla does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the law,” agreed Tesla’s Shelby. “Based on my review of our data, we’ve always done that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Laurie Shelby, Tesla’s vice president for environment, health and safety, points to the principles of her department listed on a placard at the car plant in Fremont.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laurie Shelby, Tesla’s vice president for environment, health and safety, points to the principles of her department listed on a placard at the car plant in Fremont. \u003ccite>(Paul Kuroda/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At one point, though, White said she asked her supervisor why the injury rate seemed off, and he told her they weren’t counting temp worker injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They knew they were reporting incorrect numbers,” White said. “Those workers were being injured on the floor and that wasn’t being captured, and they knew that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla began to fix that problem in 2017, former employees said, but it’s unclear how consistently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11662690\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-800x537.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-800x537.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-160x107.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-1020x684.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-1200x805.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-1180x792.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-960x644.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-240x161.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-375x252.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-520x349.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final.png 1592w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After workers requested the company’s injury logs last year, Tesla\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419502-Tesla-300A-2016-Amended.html\"> amended\u003c/a> its\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419503-Tesla-300A-2016-initial.html\"> original\u003c/a> 2016 report to add 135 injuries that hadn’t been counted previously. The company said it changed the numbers after it discovered injuries that hadn’t been shared with Tesla by its temp agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Toxic Workplace Chemicals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In April 2017, Tarik Logan – a temporary worker – was assigned to patch parts in Tesla’s battery packs with Henkel Loctite AA H3500. The powerful adhesive includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/methyl-methacrylate.pdf\">toxic chemicals\u003c/a> that can cause \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4433392-LoctiteH3500-SDS-1808799.html\">allergic reactions and even genetic defects\u003c/a>. Logan and a former co-worker said they went through more than 100 tubes of the glue a day without adequate ventilation or protection from the fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First it brought dizziness, then headaches – the worst pain he’s ever felt, Logan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a strong person,” said Toni Porter, his mother. “For him to cry out, it was terrifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla referred Logan, then 23, to a medical clinic that diagnosed an “acute reaction to car adhesive glue causing headaches, dizziness, and some respiratory discomfort.” The doctor gave him prescription-strength painkillers and told him to avoid the glue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My head still hurt tho,” he texted Porter. “This Shit hurrrrrts!!!!!!!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These texts are among those sent by Tarik Logan to his mother, Toni Porter, while Logan worked at the Tesla factory in Fremont, California in April 2017:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11662690\" src=\"https://www.revealnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/texts34.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He missed work and ended up at the hospital multiple times, Logan and Porter said. Then Tesla declined to take him on as a permanent employee, citing attendance issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla, in response to Reveal’s inquiries, said it doesn’t agree with the doctor’s determination that Logan’s pain was work-related. In any case, Tesla said, it doesn’t count as an injury because it didn’t require any medical treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, however, just the prescription of pain medication – documented in medical records obtained by Reveal – \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/2007-02-06-1\">requires\u003c/a> that his injury be counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Logan handled only a very small amount of the chemical and exposure levels were within standards, Tesla stated. The company also said Logan didn’t complain about headaches until he told a doctor a month later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That statement is contradicted by medical records and internal company records, which show that Logan’s supervisor put it in Tesla’s injury tracking system and Logan was diagnosed by a doctor a week after his headaches started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former safety team member who asked to remain anonymous said Tesla told workers that their reactions to workplace chemicals were personal medical problems instead of treating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have employees at work that don’t know what they’re being exposed to, and nobody’s taking care of them,” the safety professional said. “It’s heartbreaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662701\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Eberley, 48, was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome in 2014. He injured his hand welding thousands of studs to car wheelhouses during nearly 12-hour days at Tesla.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-960x637.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-520x345.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Eberley, 48, was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome in 2014. He injured his hand welding thousands of studs to car wheelhouses during nearly 12-hour days at Tesla. \u003ccite>(Emily Harger/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One worker is described in internal records as having gone to Tesla’s nurse “expressing concerns with the fumes in the area. Saying he feels like he is dying.” It was marked a personal medical issue, with a note that stated, “Beyond my skillset.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelby, the safety vice president, said Tesla checks thoroughly for chemical exposures and “nowhere are we over any of the exposure limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4390644-Inspection-1268303-Citations-Copy.html\">cited\u003c/a> the company for failing to “effectively assess the workplace” for chemical hazards, which Tesla is appealing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Thrown to the Wolves’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Tesla has been improving, it wasn’t fast enough for Alaa Alkhafagi, who joined Tesla in 2017 as an engineering technician servicing robots that spray paint on car bodies. Alkhafagi said he received no safety instruction specific to the paint department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, Alkhafagi, 27, said he was told to go underneath the painting booth to clear excess paint from a clogged hose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unsure of how to get down there, workers would pry up a piece of the metal flooring and jump in, he said. When he did, Alkhafagi’s foot got stuck in paint, his hand slipped and he fell forward, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4436269-Alkhafagi-Injury.html\">smashing\u003c/a> his head and arm. He ended up unable to make a fist or go back to his job, filing a workers’ compensation claim, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident didn’t end up on Tesla’s official injury logs. The company said it wasn’t recorded because Alkhafagi initially received only first aid. But his inability to go back to his normal work duties would mean that the injury should have been counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s more than the accident,” Alkhafagi said. “They haven’t trained anyone properly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla said that after his injury, the company made sure only specially trained workers did that job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lack of adequate training was a problem throughout the factory, said Roger Croney, who oversaw workers in three different departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New employees with no factory experience were sent to Tesla’s die-casting operation – where aluminum is melted and molded into parts – without basic training specific to the job, said Croney, former associate manager in that department. Some didn’t know they’d be working with 1,200-degree molten metal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was far different from the General Motors plant in Ohio where Croney had worked for eight years, he said. So Croney took it upon himself to develop his own training program. A blast of liquid metal had burned his face and hands not long after he came to Tesla in 2012, and he took safety seriously. But other supervisors didn’t, Croney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662702\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Roger Croney oversaw workers in three different departments at Tesla. He took it upon himself to develop his own training program for new employees, whom he said were sometimes sent to work with no factory experience or basic training specific to the job. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roger Croney oversaw workers in three different departments at Tesla. He took it upon himself to develop his own training program for new employees, whom he said were sometimes sent to work with no factory experience or basic training specific to the job. \u003ccite>(AJ Mast/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of workers come in and they get thrown to the wolves,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Croney quit in March 2017 with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4432391-Roger-Croney-Resignation-Letter.html\">letter\u003c/a> alleging a pattern of discriminatory treatment. Croney, who is black, said he was passed over repeatedly by white people with less experience and then demoted to a supervisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Tesla said Croney didn’t mention racial discrimination in his letter or exit interview. Croney has a pending claim of racial discrimination at Tesla with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State safety regulators have cited Tesla eight times since 2013 for deficient training, including twice in the last year, according to a Reveal review of records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla defended its training regimen, saying all new production employees get a day of orientation, a day of classroom instruction and two days of hands-on training in which they’re shown how to hold and use tools while avoiding injury. Workers building the Model 3 get an additional two days of virtual training on computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Four days is pretty intensive,” Toledano said, “and then there’s ongoing training, so training is central.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Repetitive Stress Injuries\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Acknowledging that repetitive stress injuries are the most common way workers get hurt there, Tesla officials emphasize ergonomic improvements to the new Model 3 assembly line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually redesigned it so it’s safer for our employees to make,” Shelby said. “It’s super cool to see when it’s on the line how much easier it is to make the Model 3.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla, however, wouldn’t let reporters see that assembly line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662703\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662703\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-800x528.jpg\" alt=\"Inside Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, the company is under immense pressure to ramp up production of the new Model 3 sedan, its first mass-market vehicle at $35,000.\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-800x528.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-1020x673.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-1200x791.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-1180x778.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-960x633.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-240x158.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-375x247.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-520x343.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inside Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, the company is under immense pressure to ramp up production of the new Model 3 sedan, its first mass-market vehicle at $35,000. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When building Tesla’s other cars, former workers said they had to sacrifice their bodies to save time. Some workers, for example, lifted heavy car seats over their shoulders because the mechanical assists designed to ease the load were too slow, said Joel Barraza, a former production associate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People would carry a seat because they’d be like, ‘Oh, I gotta get this done.’ I personally carried a seat,” Barraza said. “They’re supposed to move. Move it on, move it on, keep the line going.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White, the former safety lead, also said workers sometimes lifted seats manually, but Tesla, in a statement, said it doesn’t happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barraza said he was fired along with hundreds of other workers last fall. Tesla said employees were\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/10/13/4819750/\"> terminated en masse\u003c/a> due to performance issues, though some workers have argued they were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/17/tesla-firings-former-and-current-employees-allege-layoffs.html\">cost-cutting layoffs\u003c/a> or used to \u003ca href=\"http://www.autonews.com/article/20171026/OEM01/171029793/tesla-uaw-labor-dispute-california\">punish union supporters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662704\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Eberley shows his scar from surgery after carpal tunnel syndrome left him unable to continue work at the Tesla factory in Fremont. He has been out of work for years. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-520x346.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Eberley shows his scar from surgery after carpal tunnel syndrome left him unable to continue work at the Tesla factory in Fremont. He has been out of work for years. \u003ccite>(Emily Harger/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Barraza said he and others hurt their backs through repetitive movements, but few complained because “supervisors would be like, ‘Oh, he’s just being a little bitch.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers’ accounts from 2017 didn’t sound much different from those who were injured years earlier. In 2014, Mark Eberley was diagnosed with Tesla-induced carpal tunnel syndrome. He wrecked his hand welding thousands of studs to car wheelhouses during nearly 12-hour days, he said. He needed surgery and was out of work and on workers’ compensation for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter what we were doing, it was hustle, hustle, hustle,” he said. “If you didn’t get your numbers, they’d be complaining to you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pressure could be crushing for white-collar workers as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At his office job at the Fremont factory, senior analyst Ali Khan prepared Tesla’s financial filings required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. In 2016, the office was understaffed, and he worked at least 12 hours every day, he said – no weekends, holidays or days off at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pain from repetitive motion started in his wrists, radiated up his arms, then to his neck and back. He said he would have trouble holding a glass of water and couldn’t play with his 1-year-old daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khan said he asked for an ergonomic evaluation, but Tesla’s safety team told his manager they were too busy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My boss is telling me, ‘Oh, if you are going to take time off, it’s going to slow us down, it’s going to affect your reviews,'” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla eventually sent him to one of its preferred health clinics. A doctor there diagnosed him with work-related muscle strains and tendinitis, repeatedly prescribing painkillers and work restrictions, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4433386-Khan-Medical-Records.html\">medical records show\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant Khan had to be listed on Tesla’s injury logs. He wasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khan said he still wasn’t allowed the doctor-ordered breaks. Forfeiting lucrative stock options, he submitted his resignation in August 2016. But his body hasn’t recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These things were preventable – that’s what makes me upset,” he said. “All of this could have been addressed, and it just wasn’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"ctx-article-root\">\u003c!-- -->\u003c/span> \u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"pixel-ping-tracker\" src=\"https://pixel.revealnews.org/pixel.gif?key=pixel.3rdrevnews.tesla-says-its-factory-is-safer-but-it-left-injuries-off-the-books.htkl4vtololw22goiwba\" width=\"0\" height=\"0\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Undercounting injuries is a symptom of a bigger problem: Tesla has put electric car manufacturing above safety concerns, former safety experts say.",
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"title": "Tesla Says Its Factory Is Safer, but It Left Injuries Off the Books | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/author/willevans\" rel=\"author\">Will Evans\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/author/alyssa-jeong-perry\" rel=\"author\">Alyssa Jeong Perry\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting, a nonprofit news organization based in the San Francisco Bay Area. Learn more at \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/\">revealnews.org\u003c/a> and subscribe to the Reveal podcast, produced with PRX, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/podcast\">revealnews.org/podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>nside Tesla’s electric car factory, giant red robots – some named for X-Men characters – heave car parts in the air, while workers wearing black toil on aluminum car bodies. Forklifts and tuggers zip by on gray-painted floors, differentiated from pedestrian walkways by another shade of gray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s one color, though, that some of Tesla’s former safety experts wanted to see more of: yellow – the traditional hue of caution used to mark hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concerned about bone-crunching collisions and the lack of clearly marked pedestrian lanes at the Fremont, California, plant, the general assembly line’s then-lead safety professional went to her boss, who she said told her, “Elon does not like the color yellow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The melding of cutting-edge technology and world-saving vision is Tesla Inc.’s big draw. Many, including Justine White, the safety lead, went to work there inspired by Elon Musk, a CEO with star power and now a\u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/science/shortcuts/2018/feb/07/forget-the-car-in-space-why-elon-musks-reusable-rockets-are-more-than-a-publicity-stunt\"> groundbreaking rocket\u003c/a> in space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What she and some of her colleagues found, they said, was a chaotic factory floor where style and speed trumped safety. Musk’s name often was invoked to justify shortcuts and shoot down concerns, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under fire for mounting injuries, Tesla recently\u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/blog/becoming-safest-car-factory-world\"> touted a sharp drop\u003c/a> in its injury rate for 2017, which it says came down to meet the auto industry average of about 6.2 injuries per 100 workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But things are not always as they seem at Tesla. An \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/article/tesla-says-its-factory-is-safer-but-it-left-injuries-off-the-books\">investigation\u003c/a> by \u003ca href=\"http://revealnews.org/\">Reveal\u003c/a> from The Center for Investigative Reporting found that Tesla has failed to report some of its serious injuries on legally mandated reports, making the company’s injury numbers look better than they actually are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11662656\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-800x613.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"613\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-800x613.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-160x123.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-1020x782.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-1180x904.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-960x736.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-240x184.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-375x287.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2-520x399.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-employee-injury-rate-final-2.png 1190w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last April, Tarik Logan suffered debilitating headaches from the fumes of a toxic glue he had to use at the plant. He texted his mom: “I’m n hella pain foreal something ain’t right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The searing pain became so unbearable he couldn’t work, and it plagued him for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Logan’s inhalation injury, as it was diagnosed, never made it onto the official injury logs that state and federal law requires companies to keep. Neither did reports from other factory workers of sprains, strains and repetitive stress injuries from piecing together Tesla’s sleek cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, company officials labeled the injuries personal medical issues or minor incidents requiring only first aid, according to internal company records obtained by Reveal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undercounting injuries is one symptom of a more fundamental problem at Tesla: The company has put its manufacturing of electric cars above safety concerns, according to five former members of its environment, health and safety team who left the company last year. That, they said, has put workers unnecessarily in harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, White said she warned superiors about a potential explosion hazard but was told they would defer to production managers because fixing the problem would require stopping the production line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From September 2016 to January 2017, White oversaw safety for thousands of workers on Tesla’s general assembly line, in charge of responding to injuries, reviewing injury records, teaching safety classes and assessing the factory for hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything took a back seat to production,” White said. “It’s just a matter of time before somebody gets killed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla, worth about $50 billion, employs more than 10,000 workers at its Fremont factory. Alongside the company’s remarkable rise, workers have been sliced by machinery, crushed by forklifts, burned in electrical explosions and sprayed with molten metal. Tesla recorded \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419499-Tesla-300A-2017.html\">722 injuries\u003c/a> last year, about two a day. The rate of serious injuries, requiring time off or a work restriction, was 30 percent worse than the previous year’s industry average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frantic growth, constant changes and lax rules, combined with a CEO whom senior managers were afraid to cross, created an atmosphere in which few dared to stand up for worker safety, the former environment, health and safety team members told Reveal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in addition to yellow, Musk was said to dislike too many signs in the factory and the warning beeps forklifts make when backing up, former team members said. His preferences, they said, were well known and led to cutting back on those standard safety signals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If someone said, ‘Elon doesn’t like something,’ you were concerned because you could lose your job,” said Susan Rigmaiden, former environmental compliance manager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months into her job, White became so alarmed that she \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419515-Justine-Email-to-HR.html\">wrote\u003c/a> to a human resources manager that “the risk of injury is too high. People are getting hurt every day and near-hit incidents where people are getting almost crushed or hit by cars is unacceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next day, she \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4416595-Justine-White-Email-to-Sam-Teller.html\">emailed\u003c/a> Sam Teller, Musk’s chief of staff, that safety team leaders were failing to address the hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know what can keep a person up at night regarding safety,” she wrote. “I must tell you that I can’t sleep here at Tesla.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she never heard back from Musk’s office. She transferred departments and quit a couple of months later, disillusioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her March 2017 \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4437759-Resignation-Letter-Excerpt.html\">resignation letter,\u003c/a> White recounted the time she told her boss, Seth Woody, “that the plant layout was extremely dangerous to pedestrians.” Woody, head of the safety team, told her “that Elon didn’t want signs, anything yellow (like caution tape) or to wear safety shoes in the plant” and acknowledged it “was a mess,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sent the letter directly to Musk and the head of human resources at the time – to no response, she said. Woody did not respond to inquiries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662661\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662661\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Tesla quality inspector Dennis Cruz has had a series of injuries that took him off the production line. At one point, living on workers’ compensation payments because of work-induced tendinitis, he ended up living in his car, unable to afford rent.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/031118_TESLA_DennisCruz_02-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tesla quality inspector Dennis Cruz has had a series of injuries that took him off the production line. At one point, living on workers’ compensation payments because of work-induced tendinitis, he ended up living in his car, unable to afford rent. \u003ccite>(Emily Harger/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tesla officials dismissed all of White’s concerns as unsubstantiated. They insisted that the company records injuries accurately and cares deeply about the safety of its workers. As proof, company officials said a recent anonymous internal survey found 82 percent of employees agreed that “Tesla is committed to my health, safety and well-being.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before publication of this story, a Tesla spokesman sent a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4432415-Tesla-Statement.html\">statement\u003c/a> accusing Reveal of being a tool in an ongoing unionization drive and portraying “a completely false picture of Tesla and what it is actually like to work here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our view, what they portray as investigative journalism is in fact an ideologically motivated attack by an extremist organization working directly with union supporters to create a calculated disinformation campaign against Tesla,” the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla’s spokesman also sent photos of rails and posts in the factory that were painted yellow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal interviewed more than three dozen current and former employees and managers and reviewed hundreds of pages of documents. Some of the workers who spoke to Reveal have supported the unionization effort, while many others – including safety professionals – had no involvement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Chaotic Factory Floor\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On one hand, Tesla boasts state-of-the-art machinery that makes it “like working for Iron Man,” as one former employee described it. On the other, the company relied on hoists that weren’t engineered or inspected before they were used to lift heavy car parts, according to a former safety team member, resulting in repeated accidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662666\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662666\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"At Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, CEO Elon Musk’s name often was invoked to justify shortcuts and shoot down safety concerns, former safety experts for the company say. \" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-800x529.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-1020x675.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-1200x794.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-1180x781.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-960x635.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MuskLaunchEvent-520x344.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, CEO Elon Musk’s name often was invoked to justify shortcuts and shoot down safety concerns, former safety experts for the company say. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company is under immense pressure to ramp up manufacturing of the new Model 3 sedan, its first mass-market vehicle at $35,000. Musk initially said Tesla would be producing\u003ca href=\"https://mashable.com/2017/10/03/tesla-model-3-production-woes-analysis/#KH37hHQFemqw\"> 20,000 of them per month\u003c/a> by the end of 2017, but the company \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2018/04/03/tesla-misses-model-3-production-goal-once-again/?utm_term=.6679155b2d34\">just missed\u003c/a> its scaled-back promise to produce half that number.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla is often in a state of frenzied production. Former employees said they faced 12-hour workdays, faulty equipment and paltry training as they scrambled to come up with workarounds on the fly to get cars out the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hustle meant that health and safety protocols could literally get left in the dust. Last year, construction workers cut through concrete to build the new Model 3 assembly line, spreading silica dust – which can cause cancer – without containing and testing it first, Rigmaiden and two other former members of the health and safety team said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the high stakes for life and limb, the safety professionals maintain safety training has been woefully inadequate. The company said all workers receive at least four days of training. But new employees often were pulled out of training early to fill spots on the factory floor, White and another former safety team member said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Team members were reluctant to speak to reporters, but said they agreed to in order to help improve conditions for current and future Tesla workers. Some asked to remain anonymous for fear of reprisals or hurting their careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Tesla Chief People Officer Gaby Toledano, who joined the company in May, repeatedly questioned the motives of the former health and safety professionals and suggested they might have been “failing at their own job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toledano touted the hiring in October of Laurie Shelby as Tesla’s first vice president for environment, health and safety as an improvement in itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anybody who walks through our doors into this factory is our responsibility, and we care about them,” said Shelby, formerly safety vice president at aluminum manufacturer Alcoa. “I have a passion for safety and it’s about caring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla disputed each of Reveal’s findings. The company said that it had no information that workers were exposed to silica dust and that it does regular air monitoring. It said that while some hoists did fail and injure workers, it was not due to a lack of engineering or inspections, and they have been improved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662669\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662669\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Tesla officials Laurie Shelby (L) and Gaby Toledano read the concerns of then-safety lead Justine White, who emailed CEO Elon Musk’s chief of staff in 2016. “I know what can keep a person up at night regarding safety,” she wrote. “I must tell you that I can’t sleep here at Tesla.” Tesla says her concerns were unsubstantiated. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9143-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tesla officials Laurie Shelby (L) and Gaby Toledano read the concerns of then-safety lead Justine White, who emailed CEO Elon Musk’s chief of staff in 2016. “I know what can keep a person up at night regarding safety,” she wrote. “I must tell you that I can’t sleep here at Tesla.” Tesla says her concerns were unsubstantiated. \u003ccite>(Paul Kuroda/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Toledano and Shelby said they had never heard of Musk’s purported aesthetic preferences and pointed out that the factory does have some yellow. Both distanced themselves from what might have happened before their tenure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all injured workers have given up on Tesla, either. Dennis Cruz has had his share of injuries, yet he still wants to get back to the production line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one point, out on workers’ compensation because of work-induced tendinitis, Cruz ended up living in his car, unable to afford rent. Then, in late 2016, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4436216-SDS-BM4601.html\">toxic\u003c/a> adhesive many workers complain about got in his eye, damaging his cornea. And in September, as a quality inspector, Cruz says he put out a fire that broke out on a car body, inhaling fumes from burning chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz, 42, is on light duty as he struggles with shortness of breath, coughing spells and headaches. But he wants to provide for his family, apply his skills and get promoted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t do that on workers’ comp. I can’t do that away from the factory,” he said. “That’s why I push to go back. I push to go back into the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Discrepancies in Injury Counts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Tesla’s internal injury tracking system, a supervisor wrote that a worker couldn’t come to work one day in February 2017 because “his left arm was in pain from installing Wiper motors during his shift.” One worker “fainted and hit head on floor” because “team member was working in a group setting and became uncomfortably hot.” Another employee, a supervisor noted, was “highly relied upon at this workstation” but injured her shoulder from repetitive motion due to an “Unfriendly Ergonomic Process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla is required by law to report every work-related injury that results in days away from work, job restrictions or medical treatment beyond first aid. But those injuries were labeled “personal medical” cases, meaning work had nothing to do with them. So they weren’t counted when Tesla tallied its injuries on legally mandated reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662683\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662683\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"New Tesla employees learn how to use tools safely in a training session at the Fremont factory. State safety regulators have cited Tesla eight times since 2013 for deficient training, including twice in the last year. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/Y5I6227-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">New Tesla employees learn how to use tools safely in a training session at the Fremont factory. State safety regulators have cited Tesla eight times since 2013 for deficient training, including twice in the last year. \u003ccite>(Paul Kuroda/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The list of the uncounted goes on. One worker had back spasms when reaching for boxes, one sprained her back carrying something to a work table and one got a pinch in his back from bending over to apply sealer and couldn’t walk off the pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, if something at work contributed to an injury – even if work wasn’t the only cause – the injury \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/t8/14300_5.html\">must be counted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A former Tesla safety professional, however, said the company systematically undercounted injuries by mislabeling them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I saw injuries on there like broken bones and lacerations that they were saying were not recordable” as injuries, said the safety professional, who asked to remain anonymous. “I saw a lot of stuff that was like, ‘Wow, this is crazy.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal compared records from Tesla’s internal tracking system, obtained from a source, with the official logs, which were requested by an employee and provided to Reveal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a dozen examples provided to the company by Reveal, Tesla stood by its decision to not count them. It said workers may have thought they were injured because of their jobs, and supervisors may have assumed the same. But later, Tesla said, a medical professional – sometimes contracted or affiliated with the company – determined there was no connection to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel very strongly,” Shelby said. “We are doing proper recordkeeping here at Tesla.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal also provided Tesla’s internal descriptions of the injuries, along with the company’s case-by-case response, to Doug Parker, executive director of Worksafe, an Oakland-based organization that \u003ca href=\"http://worksafe.typepad.com/files/worksafe_tesla5_24.pdf\">previously analyzed\u003c/a> Tesla’s official injury logs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The examples you’ve given me are concerning, troubling,” he said. “They suggest that Tesla isn’t reporting all the workplace injuries that they should be reporting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Listen to the podcast:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"300\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" allow=\"autoplay\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/429374469&color=%23ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&show_teaser=true&visual=true\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Division of Occupational Safety and Health has cited Tesla for more than 40 violations since 2013. Tesla’s rate of serious injuries that required time off or job restrictions was\u003ca href=\"http://worksafe.org/file_download/inline/83a169a1-2af7-4c2e-81a5-21b6965ff996\"> 83 percent higher\u003c/a> than the industry in 2016. Since then, however, Tesla says it has turned things around on its way to “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/blog/becoming-safest-car-factory-world\">becoming the safest car factory in the world\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Musk claimed in a \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/02/24/elon-musk-addresses-working-condition-claims-in-tesla-staff-wide-email/\">staffwide email\u003c/a> and at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/06/06/elon-musk-says-tesla-is-on-its-way-to-lowering-employees-injury-rate/\">shareholder meeting\u003c/a> that the company’s injury rate was much better than the industry average. A company \u003ca href=\"https://www.tesla.com/blog/creating-the-safest-car-factory-in-the-world\">blog post\u003c/a> said that to be average would be “to go backwards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then Tesla apparently did hit reverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our 2017 data showed that we are at industry average, so we’re happy about that,” Shelby said, explaining the earlier claims as a “snapshot in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Musk also \u003ca href=\"https://electrek.co/2017/06/02/elon-musk-tesla-injury-factory/\">emailed\u003c/a> his staff last year saying he was meeting weekly with the safety team and “would like to meet every injured person as soon as they are well, so that I can understand from them exactly what we need to do to make it better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toledano said Musk did meet with some injured workers, but no longer meets weekly with the safety team because it isn’t necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I can’t claim he’s met with every injured worker,” she said. “I think that’s absurd.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several former members of the environment, health and safety team said they had other reasons to doubt Tesla’s official numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, for example, didn’t always count injuries among the plant’s temporary workers, they said. Tesla fills some of its factory positions with temp workers who later may be offered permanent jobs. Companies must count those injuries if they supervise the temps, as Tesla does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the law,” agreed Tesla’s Shelby. “Based on my review of our data, we’ve always done that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662689\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662689\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Laurie Shelby, Tesla’s vice president for environment, health and safety, points to the principles of her department listed on a placard at the car plant in Fremont.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/B82I9150-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Laurie Shelby, Tesla’s vice president for environment, health and safety, points to the principles of her department listed on a placard at the car plant in Fremont. \u003ccite>(Paul Kuroda/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At one point, though, White said she asked her supervisor why the injury rate seemed off, and he told her they weren’t counting temp worker injuries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They knew they were reporting incorrect numbers,” White said. “Those workers were being injured on the floor and that wasn’t being captured, and they knew that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla began to fix that problem in 2017, former employees said, but it’s unclear how consistently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11662690\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-800x537.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-800x537.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-160x107.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-1020x684.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-1200x805.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-1180x792.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-960x644.png 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-240x161.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-375x252.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final-520x349.png 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/tesla-factory-injury-rate-final.png 1592w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After workers requested the company’s injury logs last year, Tesla\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419502-Tesla-300A-2016-Amended.html\"> amended\u003c/a> its\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4419503-Tesla-300A-2016-initial.html\"> original\u003c/a> 2016 report to add 135 injuries that hadn’t been counted previously. The company said it changed the numbers after it discovered injuries that hadn’t been shared with Tesla by its temp agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Toxic Workplace Chemicals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In April 2017, Tarik Logan – a temporary worker – was assigned to patch parts in Tesla’s battery packs with Henkel Loctite AA H3500. The powerful adhesive includes \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/methyl-methacrylate.pdf\">toxic chemicals\u003c/a> that can cause \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4433392-LoctiteH3500-SDS-1808799.html\">allergic reactions and even genetic defects\u003c/a>. Logan and a former co-worker said they went through more than 100 tubes of the glue a day without adequate ventilation or protection from the fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First it brought dizziness, then headaches – the worst pain he’s ever felt, Logan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s a strong person,” said Toni Porter, his mother. “For him to cry out, it was terrifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla referred Logan, then 23, to a medical clinic that diagnosed an “acute reaction to car adhesive glue causing headaches, dizziness, and some respiratory discomfort.” The doctor gave him prescription-strength painkillers and told him to avoid the glue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My head still hurt tho,” he texted Porter. “This Shit hurrrrrts!!!!!!!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These texts are among those sent by Tarik Logan to his mother, Toni Porter, while Logan worked at the Tesla factory in Fremont, California in April 2017:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11662690\" src=\"https://www.revealnews.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/texts34.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"537\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He missed work and ended up at the hospital multiple times, Logan and Porter said. Then Tesla declined to take him on as a permanent employee, citing attendance issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla, in response to Reveal’s inquiries, said it doesn’t agree with the doctor’s determination that Logan’s pain was work-related. In any case, Tesla said, it doesn’t count as an injury because it didn’t require any medical treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By law, however, just the prescription of pain medication – documented in medical records obtained by Reveal – \u003ca href=\"https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/2007-02-06-1\">requires\u003c/a> that his injury be counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Logan handled only a very small amount of the chemical and exposure levels were within standards, Tesla stated. The company also said Logan didn’t complain about headaches until he told a doctor a month later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That statement is contradicted by medical records and internal company records, which show that Logan’s supervisor put it in Tesla’s injury tracking system and Logan was diagnosed by a doctor a week after his headaches started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former safety team member who asked to remain anonymous said Tesla told workers that their reactions to workplace chemicals were personal medical problems instead of treating them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have employees at work that don’t know what they’re being exposed to, and nobody’s taking care of them,” the safety professional said. “It’s heartbreaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662701\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Eberley, 48, was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome in 2014. He injured his hand welding thousands of studs to car wheelhouses during nearly 12-hour days at Tesla.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-960x637.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679-520x345.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_05-1024x679.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Eberley, 48, was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome in 2014. He injured his hand welding thousands of studs to car wheelhouses during nearly 12-hour days at Tesla. \u003ccite>(Emily Harger/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One worker is described in internal records as having gone to Tesla’s nurse “expressing concerns with the fumes in the area. Saying he feels like he is dying.” It was marked a personal medical issue, with a note that stated, “Beyond my skillset.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelby, the safety vice president, said Tesla checks thoroughly for chemical exposures and “nowhere are we over any of the exposure limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4390644-Inspection-1268303-Citations-Copy.html\">cited\u003c/a> the company for failing to “effectively assess the workplace” for chemical hazards, which Tesla is appealing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘Thrown to the Wolves’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Tesla has been improving, it wasn’t fast enough for Alaa Alkhafagi, who joined Tesla in 2017 as an engineering technician servicing robots that spray paint on car bodies. Alkhafagi said he received no safety instruction specific to the paint department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, Alkhafagi, 27, said he was told to go underneath the painting booth to clear excess paint from a clogged hose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unsure of how to get down there, workers would pry up a piece of the metal flooring and jump in, he said. When he did, Alkhafagi’s foot got stuck in paint, his hand slipped and he fell forward, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4436269-Alkhafagi-Injury.html\">smashing\u003c/a> his head and arm. He ended up unable to make a fist or go back to his job, filing a workers’ compensation claim, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident didn’t end up on Tesla’s official injury logs. The company said it wasn’t recorded because Alkhafagi initially received only first aid. But his inability to go back to his normal work duties would mean that the injury should have been counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s more than the accident,” Alkhafagi said. “They haven’t trained anyone properly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla said that after his injury, the company made sure only specially trained workers did that job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lack of adequate training was a problem throughout the factory, said Roger Croney, who oversaw workers in three different departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New employees with no factory experience were sent to Tesla’s die-casting operation – where aluminum is melted and molded into parts – without basic training specific to the job, said Croney, former associate manager in that department. Some didn’t know they’d be working with 1,200-degree molten metal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was far different from the General Motors plant in Ohio where Croney had worked for eight years, he said. So Croney took it upon himself to develop his own training program. A blast of liquid metal had burned his face and hands not long after he came to Tesla in 2012, and he took safety seriously. But other supervisors didn’t, Croney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662702\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662702\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"Roger Croney oversaw workers in three different departments at Tesla. He took it upon himself to develop his own training program for new employees, whom he said were sometimes sent to work with no factory experience or basic training specific to the job. \" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683-520x347.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/AJ53579-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roger Croney oversaw workers in three different departments at Tesla. He took it upon himself to develop his own training program for new employees, whom he said were sometimes sent to work with no factory experience or basic training specific to the job. \u003ccite>(AJ Mast/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of workers come in and they get thrown to the wolves,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Croney quit in March 2017 with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4432391-Roger-Croney-Resignation-Letter.html\">letter\u003c/a> alleging a pattern of discriminatory treatment. Croney, who is black, said he was passed over repeatedly by white people with less experience and then demoted to a supervisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Tesla said Croney didn’t mention racial discrimination in his letter or exit interview. Croney has a pending claim of racial discrimination at Tesla with the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State safety regulators have cited Tesla eight times since 2013 for deficient training, including twice in the last year, according to a Reveal review of records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla defended its training regimen, saying all new production employees get a day of orientation, a day of classroom instruction and two days of hands-on training in which they’re shown how to hold and use tools while avoiding injury. Workers building the Model 3 get an additional two days of virtual training on computers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Four days is pretty intensive,” Toledano said, “and then there’s ongoing training, so training is central.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Repetitive Stress Injuries\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Acknowledging that repetitive stress injuries are the most common way workers get hurt there, Tesla officials emphasize ergonomic improvements to the new Model 3 assembly line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually redesigned it so it’s safer for our employees to make,” Shelby said. “It’s super cool to see when it’s on the line how much easier it is to make the Model 3.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla, however, wouldn’t let reporters see that assembly line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662703\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662703\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-800x528.jpg\" alt=\"Inside Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, the company is under immense pressure to ramp up production of the new Model 3 sedan, its first mass-market vehicle at $35,000.\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-800x528.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-1020x673.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-1200x791.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-1180x778.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-960x633.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-240x158.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-375x247.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/TeslaFactory-520x343.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Inside Tesla’s electric car factory in Fremont, the company is under immense pressure to ramp up production of the new Model 3 sedan, its first mass-market vehicle at $35,000. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When building Tesla’s other cars, former workers said they had to sacrifice their bodies to save time. Some workers, for example, lifted heavy car seats over their shoulders because the mechanical assists designed to ease the load were too slow, said Joel Barraza, a former production associate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People would carry a seat because they’d be like, ‘Oh, I gotta get this done.’ I personally carried a seat,” Barraza said. “They’re supposed to move. Move it on, move it on, keep the line going.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White, the former safety lead, also said workers sometimes lifted seats manually, but Tesla, in a statement, said it doesn’t happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barraza said he was fired along with hundreds of other workers last fall. Tesla said employees were\u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/10/13/4819750/\"> terminated en masse\u003c/a> due to performance issues, though some workers have argued they were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2017/10/17/tesla-firings-former-and-current-employees-allege-layoffs.html\">cost-cutting layoffs\u003c/a> or used to \u003ca href=\"http://www.autonews.com/article/20171026/OEM01/171029793/tesla-uaw-labor-dispute-california\">punish union supporters\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662704\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Eberley shows his scar from surgery after carpal tunnel syndrome left him unable to continue work at the Tesla factory in Fremont. He has been out of work for years. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-960x639.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682-520x346.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/032018_Tesla_MarkEberley_03-1024x682.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Eberley shows his scar from surgery after carpal tunnel syndrome left him unable to continue work at the Tesla factory in Fremont. He has been out of work for years. \u003ccite>(Emily Harger/Reveal)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Barraza said he and others hurt their backs through repetitive movements, but few complained because “supervisors would be like, ‘Oh, he’s just being a little bitch.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers’ accounts from 2017 didn’t sound much different from those who were injured years earlier. In 2014, Mark Eberley was diagnosed with Tesla-induced carpal tunnel syndrome. He wrecked his hand welding thousands of studs to car wheelhouses during nearly 12-hour days, he said. He needed surgery and was out of work and on workers’ compensation for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No matter what we were doing, it was hustle, hustle, hustle,” he said. “If you didn’t get your numbers, they’d be complaining to you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pressure could be crushing for white-collar workers as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At his office job at the Fremont factory, senior analyst Ali Khan prepared Tesla’s financial filings required by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. In 2016, the office was understaffed, and he worked at least 12 hours every day, he said – no weekends, holidays or days off at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pain from repetitive motion started in his wrists, radiated up his arms, then to his neck and back. He said he would have trouble holding a glass of water and couldn’t play with his 1-year-old daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khan said he asked for an ergonomic evaluation, but Tesla’s safety team told his manager they were too busy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My boss is telling me, ‘Oh, if you are going to take time off, it’s going to slow us down, it’s going to affect your reviews,'” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla eventually sent him to one of its preferred health clinics. A doctor there diagnosed him with work-related muscle strains and tendinitis, repeatedly prescribing painkillers and work restrictions, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4433386-Khan-Medical-Records.html\">medical records show\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meant Khan had to be listed on Tesla’s injury logs. He wasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khan said he still wasn’t allowed the doctor-ordered breaks. Forfeiting lucrative stock options, he submitted his resignation in August 2016. But his body hasn’t recovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These things were preventable – that’s what makes me upset,” he said. “All of this could have been addressed, and it just wasn’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 4:10 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SAN DIEGO — The Trump administration said Monday that California Gov. Jerry Brown rejected terms of the National Guard's initial deployment to the Mexican border, but a state official said nothing was decided.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The governor determined that what we asked for is unsupportable, but we will have other iterations,\" Ronald Vitiello, U.S. Customs and Border Protection's acting deputy commissioner, told reporters in Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown elicited rare and effusive praise from President Trump last week for pledging 400 troops to the Guard's third large-scale border mission since 2006.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Democratic governor conditioned his commitment on his state's troops having nothing to do with immigration enforcement, even in a supporting role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's announcement last week did not address what specific jobs the California Guard would and would not do and or answer the thorny question of how state officials would distinguish work related to immigration from other duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vitiello said the governor decided California will not accept terms of an initial troop rollout for the state that was similar to plans for the other three border states, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to two U.S. officials, the initial jobs for those troops include fixing and maintaining vehicles, using remote-control surveillance cameras to report suspicious activity to U.S. Border Patrol agents, operating radios and providing \"mission support,\" which can include clerical work, buying gas and handling payrolls. The officials spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California National Guard spokesman Lt. Col. Thomas Keegan said \"state officials have not rejected anything\" since Brown proposed a formal agreement Wednesday with the Homeland Security and Defense Departments that prohibits any involvement in immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The federal government has not yet responded,\" Keegan said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vitiello said the federal government wanted 237 troops for work in two parts of the state that California \"has indicated they will not perform,\" but he emphasized that California may participate in other ways that must still be worked out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are anticipating additional requirements, and we got a signal from California that they are interested in improving border security,\" Vitiello said. \"So, at some point that might come together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown was clear last week that California troops will help go after drugs, guns and criminal gangs, but not immigrants. Drawing that line will likely prove difficult because the Border Patrol combats illegal immigration but also drug smuggling and other crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's pledge of 400 troops allowed Trump to boast support from all four border-state governors and helped put the president above the lower end of his threshold of marshaling 2,000 to 4,000 troops that he wants to fight illegal immigration and drug trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democratic governor cast his decision as a welcome infusion of support paid for by the U.S. government to fight transnational criminal gangs and drug and firearms smugglers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican governors from Arizona, New Mexico and Texas have openly embraced the Trump administration's plans and specific jobs for their troops, as California did in previous Guard deployments. Texas National Guard members are already doing aerial and ground surveillance. The Arizona National Guard said last week that its troops will provide air and ground support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Guard had about 900 troops working on the border mission Monday, a number that changes daily, said Lt. Gen. Daniel R. Hokanson, the National Guard Bureau's vice chief. Nearly 250 were in Arizona, more than 60 in New Mexico and about 650 in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Alonso Lugo reported from Washington.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Tens of thousands of marijuana fans are expected to flock to San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park this Friday, April 20, marking one of the many annual celebrations of cannabis that will take place around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s 420 event comes several months after sales of recreational marijuana \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11640572/legal-adult-use-pot-sales-finally-begin-in-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">became legal\u003c/a> in California, and as cannabis advocates and industry leaders push for a growing cultural acceptance of pot use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many who participate in these events will take the time to celebrate their recent victories,” said Paul Armentano, deputy director of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML). “But there will continue to be a movement afoot to try and bring normalization to the way adult users of cannabis are treated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marijuana advocates want to spread legalization to other states and protect dispensaries from federal enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The passage and enactment of Proposition 64 is not the finish line. In many ways it marks the beginning of the race toward cannabis freedom,” Armentano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 420 celebrations around the nation have traditionally been used to advocate for marijuana legalization and to celebrate pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More of KQED’s Coverage of Legal Marijuana\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11638104\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662332/trump-vows-to-back-law-to-protext-marijuana-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump Vows to Back Law to Protect Marijuana Industry\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11656341/pot-tourists-can-smoke-it-where-they-buy-it-in-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pot Tourists Can Smoke it Where They Buy it in San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/362754/now-that-pot-is-legal-should-you-worry-about-secondhand-smoke-california-scientist-says-yes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Now That Pot is Legal, Should You Worry About Secondhand Smoke? California Scientist Says Yes\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11649379/photos-are-pot-themed-weddings-soon-to-be-in-high-demand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PHOTOS: Are Pot-Themed Weddings Soon to be in High Demand?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Now we’re at a place where the industry needs to take this holiday to show that the industry is responsible,” said Josh Drayton, a spokesman for the California Cannabis Industry Association. “The evolution of cannabis regulation and culture in California has changed, and I believe the 420 celebrations need to evolve as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change in the law, coupled with the fact that this year’s event falls on a Friday with the weather forecast to be mostly sunny, could bring very large crowds to Hippie Hill in Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers plan to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on permits, 60 private security guards, more than 180 portable bathrooms and cleanup work in the park and some of the surrounding neighborhood areas, said Alex Aquino, a Haight Street merchant who began producing the 420 event last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dozen companies, including several cannabis businesses, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.420hippiehill.com/partners/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sponsoring\u003c/a> the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquino says his goal is to keep the party — which includes a music concert — safe and clean. His team plans to put up a long fence line around portions of the park. Two ambulances will be on-site during the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably going to be a bigger celebration because it’s legal,” Aquino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s not legal is to smoke marijuana in public, but that law will be violated often at Hippie Hill Friday afternoon. In fact, the event’s website features\u003ca href=\"https://www.420hippiehill.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> several photos of smoke\u003c/a> wafting into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquino stresses that sponsors will be barred from selling pot at the event as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Recreation and Park officials say working with Aquino last year worked well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were a much safer event, a cleaner park and cleaner streets,” said Connie Chan, a Rec and Park spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The party traditionally brings out a significant number of police officers, traffic control officers and public works crews. In all, at least eight city agencies will be involved in helping to put on the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency plans increased Muni service to and from areas around Golden Gate Park for the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll have a lot of people out there and a lot of service to make it as smooth as possible,” said SFMTA director Ed Reiskin. “There are people who are not going to or from 420 but are just trying to get around town, trying to get home at the end of the day, and we’ll do our best to manage for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several streets, including parts of John F. Kennedy Drive, will be closed, starting early Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be extra city cleanup crews on hand, according to Larry Stringer, San Francisco’s Public Works deputy director for operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done this for a few years now, so we have a plan that’s pretty well set,” Stringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor London Breed, who represents the area, plans to announce the city’s plans for handling this year’s event during a press conference on Wednesday, the same day fencing will be installed around the area of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday’s event starts at 9 a.m., the music starts at noon, the party’s climax will of course take place at 4:20 p.m, and the event is set to end at 6 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Muna Danish contributed reporting to this article.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tens of thousands of marijuana fans are expected to flock to San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park this Friday, April 20, marking one of the many annual celebrations of cannabis that will take place around the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s 420 event comes several months after sales of recreational marijuana \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11640572/legal-adult-use-pot-sales-finally-begin-in-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">became legal\u003c/a> in California, and as cannabis advocates and industry leaders push for a growing cultural acceptance of pot use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many who participate in these events will take the time to celebrate their recent victories,” said Paul Armentano, deputy director of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML). “But there will continue to be a movement afoot to try and bring normalization to the way adult users of cannabis are treated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marijuana advocates want to spread legalization to other states and protect dispensaries from federal enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The passage and enactment of Proposition 64 is not the finish line. In many ways it marks the beginning of the race toward cannabis freedom,” Armentano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 420 celebrations around the nation have traditionally been used to advocate for marijuana legalization and to celebrate pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Read More of KQED’s Coverage of Legal Marijuana\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11638104\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/12/RS28657_GettyImages-91997121-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11662332/trump-vows-to-back-law-to-protext-marijuana-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump Vows to Back Law to Protect Marijuana Industry\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11656341/pot-tourists-can-smoke-it-where-they-buy-it-in-san-francisco\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pot Tourists Can Smoke it Where They Buy it in San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/362754/now-that-pot-is-legal-should-you-worry-about-secondhand-smoke-california-scientist-says-yes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Now That Pot is Legal, Should You Worry About Secondhand Smoke? California Scientist Says Yes\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11649379/photos-are-pot-themed-weddings-soon-to-be-in-high-demand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PHOTOS: Are Pot-Themed Weddings Soon to be in High Demand?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Now we’re at a place where the industry needs to take this holiday to show that the industry is responsible,” said Josh Drayton, a spokesman for the California Cannabis Industry Association. “The evolution of cannabis regulation and culture in California has changed, and I believe the 420 celebrations need to evolve as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change in the law, coupled with the fact that this year’s event falls on a Friday with the weather forecast to be mostly sunny, could bring very large crowds to Hippie Hill in Golden Gate Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers plan to spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on permits, 60 private security guards, more than 180 portable bathrooms and cleanup work in the park and some of the surrounding neighborhood areas, said Alex Aquino, a Haight Street merchant who began producing the 420 event last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dozen companies, including several cannabis businesses, are \u003ca href=\"https://www.420hippiehill.com/partners/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sponsoring\u003c/a> the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquino says his goal is to keep the party — which includes a music concert — safe and clean. His team plans to put up a long fence line around portions of the park. Two ambulances will be on-site during the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s probably going to be a bigger celebration because it’s legal,” Aquino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s not legal is to smoke marijuana in public, but that law will be violated often at Hippie Hill Friday afternoon. In fact, the event’s website features\u003ca href=\"https://www.420hippiehill.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> several photos of smoke\u003c/a> wafting into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquino stresses that sponsors will be barred from selling pot at the event as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Recreation and Park officials say working with Aquino last year worked well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The results were a much safer event, a cleaner park and cleaner streets,” said Connie Chan, a Rec and Park spokeswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The party traditionally brings out a significant number of police officers, traffic control officers and public works crews. In all, at least eight city agencies will be involved in helping to put on the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency plans increased Muni service to and from areas around Golden Gate Park for the event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll have a lot of people out there and a lot of service to make it as smooth as possible,” said SFMTA director Ed Reiskin. “There are people who are not going to or from 420 but are just trying to get around town, trying to get home at the end of the day, and we’ll do our best to manage for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several streets, including parts of John F. Kennedy Drive, will be closed, starting early Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be extra city cleanup crews on hand, according to Larry Stringer, San Francisco’s Public Works deputy director for operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done this for a few years now, so we have a plan that’s pretty well set,” Stringer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor London Breed, who represents the area, plans to announce the city’s plans for handling this year’s event during a press conference on Wednesday, the same day fencing will be installed around the area of the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friday’s event starts at 9 a.m., the music starts at noon, the party’s climax will of course take place at 4:20 p.m, and the event is set to end at 6 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Muna Danish contributed reporting to this article.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661407/a-time-traveling-map-for-rapidly-changing-oakland\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">A Time-Traveling Map for Rapidly Changing Oakland\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine standing along the shores of Oakland’s Lake Merritt, and instead of seeing the downtown skyline you see Native American shell mounds, a roller coaster, and grizzly bears. That’s the idea behind a new project called Long Lost Oakland. It’s a map of the buildings, plants, and animals that used to be there. Bianca Taylor went to Oakland for an unconventional history lesson.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>After Internment, Japanese-American Teens Turned to Car Clubs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The roots of California car culture can be found in Southern California. But a CSU professor is digging into the little-known history of Japanese-American -- or Nikkei -- car clubs, made up of teenagers, many of whom had been children in internment camps during World War II. Sasha Khokha talks to Cal State Long Beach sociology professor Oliver Wang about his new oral history project.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13828983/on-the-trail-of-the-woman-who-performed-50000-illegal-abortions\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">On the Trail of Inez Burns, the Woman who Performed 50,000 Illegal Abortions\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s colorful history has had its share of characters, but our next story involves a secret abortion clinic, a former California governor, and a highly-publicized case that went to the Supreme Court. KQED’s Chloe Veltman explores the life of Inez Burns, the audacious woman at the center of it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/363257/a-firefighter-in-san-diego-confronts-the-trauma-of-the-job\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Suffering in Silence: A Firefighter in San Diego Confronts the Trauma of the Job\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s been a rough year for California: deadly wildfires, floods, and tragic shootings. When the news becomes too intense, many of us just turn it off, take a break. But the first responders who handle these disasters can never turn it off. Firefighters, cops, paramedics, emergency room nurses often suffer silently from seeing so much pain and destruction. Heidi de Marco, a reporter with Kaiser Health News, brings us this story of a San Diego firefighter in who found his life tumbling out of control at the age of 37.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661407/a-time-traveling-map-for-rapidly-changing-oakland\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">A Time-Traveling Map for Rapidly Changing Oakland\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Imagine standing along the shores of Oakland’s Lake Merritt, and instead of seeing the downtown skyline you see Native American shell mounds, a roller coaster, and grizzly bears. That’s the idea behind a new project called Long Lost Oakland. It’s a map of the buildings, plants, and animals that used to be there. Bianca Taylor went to Oakland for an unconventional history lesson.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>After Internment, Japanese-American Teens Turned to Car Clubs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The roots of California car culture can be found in Southern California. But a CSU professor is digging into the little-known history of Japanese-American -- or Nikkei -- car clubs, made up of teenagers, many of whom had been children in internment camps during World War II. Sasha Khokha talks to Cal State Long Beach sociology professor Oliver Wang about his new oral history project.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13828983/on-the-trail-of-the-woman-who-performed-50000-illegal-abortions\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">On the Trail of Inez Burns, the Woman who Performed 50,000 Illegal Abortions\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s colorful history has had its share of characters, but our next story involves a secret abortion clinic, a former California governor, and a highly-publicized case that went to the Supreme Court. KQED’s Chloe Veltman explores the life of Inez Burns, the audacious woman at the center of it all.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/363257/a-firefighter-in-san-diego-confronts-the-trauma-of-the-job\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Suffering in Silence: A Firefighter in San Diego Confronts the Trauma of the Job\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s been a rough year for California: deadly wildfires, floods, and tragic shootings. When the news becomes too intense, many of us just turn it off, take a break. But the first responders who handle these disasters can never turn it off. Firefighters, cops, paramedics, emergency room nurses often suffer silently from seeing so much pain and destruction. Heidi de Marco, a reporter with Kaiser Health News, brings us this story of a San Diego firefighter in who found his life tumbling out of control at the age of 37.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "NTSB: Tesla Booted From Crash Investigation for Not Following Rules",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board, which is looking into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658404/safety-agency-orders-probe-of-tesla-crash-and-fire-as-company-points-to-freeway-hazard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fatal crash last month\u003c/a> of an SUV using Tesla's Autopilot system, said it is removing the high-tech automaker from the probe for improperly disclosing details of the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla says it withdrew from the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NTSB is examining last month's crash of a 2017 Tesla Model X near Mountain View. The vehicle crashed into a concrete lane divider, killing the driver, Walter Huang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11659115/tesla-says-vehicle-in-deadly-crash-was-on-autopilot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tesla blamed Huang for the accident\u003c/a>, which the NTSB contends runs counter to agency protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-12/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-crash-probe-over-autopilot-data-flap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg notes\u003c/a>, \"The NTSB guards the integrity of its investigations closely, demanding that participants adhere to rules about what information they can release and their expected cooperation. These so-called parties to investigations must sign legal agreements laying out their responsibilities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tesla violated the party agreement by releasing investigative information before it was vetted and confirmed by the NTSB,\" the agency said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20180412.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a>. \"Such releases of incomplete information often lead to speculation and incorrect assumptions about the probable cause of a crash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is unfortunate that Tesla, by its actions, did not abide by the party agreement,\" said NTSB Chairman Robert Sumwalt. \"We decided to revoke Tesla's party status and informed Mr. Musk in a phone call last evening and \u003ca href=\"http://link.email.dynect.net/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=oGJ1pkZyysOST8btnWeAdWfazdP60O3PLkuOZioW2RiI0IVhceklyikuuz730yACd%2BvEm0h%2B113mSmdgAw4ydO/suCeYKBzFnZcYcVV9wFyhwIiDVPNWUXsWB7zNOf9z&G=0&R=https://goo.gl/gZofXm&I=20180412174102.0000002a26a4%40mail6-94-usnbn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVhY2Y5YTJkYzdiZjIyZTQ3NTEzMTllNTs%3D&S=aToOg89TnPzHZ7NglVgNSTnTz0lqFtcgJ5Y1HLJiKOA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via letter \u003c/a>today. While we understand the demand for information that parties face during an NTSB investigation, uncoordinated releases of incomplete information do not further transportation safety or serve the public interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement emailed to NPR, a Tesla spokesperson said the company decided to withdraw from the agreement of its own accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last week, in a conversation with the NTSB, we were told that if we made additional statements before their 12-24 month investigative process is complete, we would no longer be a party to the investigation agreement. On Tuesday, we chose to withdraw from the agreement and issued a statement to correct misleading claims that had been made about Autopilot — claims which made it seem as though Autopilot creates safety problems when the opposite is true,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been clear in our conversations with the NTSB that they're more concerned with press headlines than actually promoting safety,\" Tesla said. \"Among other things, they repeatedly released partial bits of incomplete information to the media in violation of their own rules, at the same time that they were trying to prevent us from telling all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-agreement-in-fatal-crash-probe-1523547055\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Removals from NTSB party agreements are rare. The agency in 2014 revoked party status for \u003ca href=\"http://quotes.wsj.com/UPS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United Parcel Service\u003c/a> Inc. and a pilots union in the probe of a crash of one of the package-delivery company's cargo planes after public comments were made by each side about circumstances surrounding the accident.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For Tesla, a departure from the NTSB agreement risks diminishing the car maker's influence over and insight into an investigation that could ultimately reach critical conclusions about one of the company's signature products.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=NTSB%3A+Tesla+Booted+From+Crash+Investigation+For+Not+Following+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 3 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Transportation Safety Board, which is looking into the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11658404/safety-agency-orders-probe-of-tesla-crash-and-fire-as-company-points-to-freeway-hazard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fatal crash last month\u003c/a> of an SUV using Tesla's Autopilot system, said it is removing the high-tech automaker from the probe for improperly disclosing details of the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla says it withdrew from the investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NTSB is examining last month's crash of a 2017 Tesla Model X near Mountain View. The vehicle crashed into a concrete lane divider, killing the driver, Walter Huang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11659115/tesla-says-vehicle-in-deadly-crash-was-on-autopilot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tesla blamed Huang for the accident\u003c/a>, which the NTSB contends runs counter to agency protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-04-12/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-crash-probe-over-autopilot-data-flap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bloomberg notes\u003c/a>, \"The NTSB guards the integrity of its investigations closely, demanding that participants adhere to rules about what information they can release and their expected cooperation. These so-called parties to investigations must sign legal agreements laying out their responsibilities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tesla violated the party agreement by releasing investigative information before it was vetted and confirmed by the NTSB,\" the agency said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/NR20180412.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a>. \"Such releases of incomplete information often lead to speculation and incorrect assumptions about the probable cause of a crash.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is unfortunate that Tesla, by its actions, did not abide by the party agreement,\" said NTSB Chairman Robert Sumwalt. \"We decided to revoke Tesla's party status and informed Mr. Musk in a phone call last evening and \u003ca href=\"http://link.email.dynect.net/link.php?DynEngagement=true&H=oGJ1pkZyysOST8btnWeAdWfazdP60O3PLkuOZioW2RiI0IVhceklyikuuz730yACd%2BvEm0h%2B113mSmdgAw4ydO/suCeYKBzFnZcYcVV9wFyhwIiDVPNWUXsWB7zNOf9z&G=0&R=https://goo.gl/gZofXm&I=20180412174102.0000002a26a4%40mail6-94-usnbn1&X=MHwxMDQ2NzU4OjVhY2Y5YTJkYzdiZjIyZTQ3NTEzMTllNTs%3D&S=aToOg89TnPzHZ7NglVgNSTnTz0lqFtcgJ5Y1HLJiKOA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via letter \u003c/a>today. While we understand the demand for information that parties face during an NTSB investigation, uncoordinated releases of incomplete information do not further transportation safety or serve the public interest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement emailed to NPR, a Tesla spokesperson said the company decided to withdraw from the agreement of its own accord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last week, in a conversation with the NTSB, we were told that if we made additional statements before their 12-24 month investigative process is complete, we would no longer be a party to the investigation agreement. On Tuesday, we chose to withdraw from the agreement and issued a statement to correct misleading claims that had been made about Autopilot — claims which made it seem as though Autopilot creates safety problems when the opposite is true,\" the statement said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's been clear in our conversations with the NTSB that they're more concerned with press headlines than actually promoting safety,\" Tesla said. \"Among other things, they repeatedly released partial bits of incomplete information to the media in violation of their own rules, at the same time that they were trying to prevent us from telling all the facts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/tesla-withdraws-from-ntsb-agreement-in-fatal-crash-probe-1523547055\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Wall Street Journal\u003c/a> writes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"Removals from NTSB party agreements are rare. The agency in 2014 revoked party status for \u003ca href=\"http://quotes.wsj.com/UPS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United Parcel Service\u003c/a> Inc. and a pilots union in the probe of a crash of one of the package-delivery company's cargo planes after public comments were made by each side about circumstances surrounding the accident.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>For Tesla, a departure from the NTSB agreement risks diminishing the car maker's influence over and insight into an investigation that could ultimately reach critical conclusions about one of the company's signature products.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=NTSB%3A+Tesla+Booted+From+Crash+Investigation+For+Not+Following+Rules&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "5 Insights From Comey's Memoir: Ex-FBI Chief Blasts Trump as Mob-Like",
"title": "5 Insights From Comey's Memoir: Ex-FBI Chief Blasts Trump as Mob-Like",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>James Comey's much-anticipated memoir, \u003cem>A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership,\u003c/em> doesn't pull any punches when it comes to condemning the tenure of President Trump. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former FBI director, whom Trump unceremoniously fired, paints a picture of a chief executive only concerned about his own image in the press instead of the safety of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The book isn't set to be released until next week, but NPR has obtained a copy. In it, Comey reflects on the circumstances surrounding his dismissal, reveals further insights into his fraught conversations with the president and examines his own controversial decisions — namely how he handled the investigation into former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's private email server and whether he impacted Clinton's chances against Trump in the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are five major areas Comey examines in the memoir:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Trump's \"unethical\" and \"transactional\" Mafia-like approach\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The broad portrait Comey tries to paint is of Trump as a president so far outside democratic norms that he is a danger to the republic as he spouts conspiracy theories and untruths regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This president is unethical, and untethered to truth and institutional values,\" Comey writes. \"His leadership is transactional, ego driven and about personal loyalty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ultimately, it may have been Comey's refusal to bend to that demand for loyalty, he believes, that led to the president to suddenly fire him almost a year ago. That set in motion the appointment, by Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, of special counsel Robert Mueller. The title of Comey's book itself is a nod to his belief that a public servant's allegiance should not be to one man but instead to the belief in democratic ideals and to the Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early in his law career, Comey writes, he worked as a prosecutor targeting organized crime, and he compares many of his interactions with Trump to those of mobsters and the Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">The James Comey Saga, In Timeline Form\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2017/05/10/ap_17129807287428-41f7d297bc889255f8ece4811990290fdb3e705e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The silent circle of assent. The boss in complete control. The loyalty oaths. The us-versus-them worldview. The lying about all things, large and small, in service to some code of loyalty that put the organization above morality and above the truth,\" he writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the now infamous one-on-one dinner he had with Trump at which Comey says the president demanded loyalty — but Comey would only promise honesty and, finally, \"honest loyalty\" — Comey writes that the president's \u003cem>\"\u003c/em>demand was like Sammy the Bull's Cosa Nostra induction ceremony,\u003cem>\"\u003c/em> a reference\u003ca href=\"http://www.organized-crime.de/revmaa01sammygravano.htm\"> to a member of the Gambino crime family\u003c/a> who would eventually turn state's evidence to help bring down mob boss John Gotti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its response to the book, the Republican National Committee made its own play on the book's title.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"James Comey's book is really just a way for him to make money off of his true higher loyalty \u003cem>– \u003c/em>to himself,\" the RNC said in an email to reporters Thursday evening after several reports about the book and its contents were posted online by multiple media outlets.\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Trump himself fired back on Twitter early Friday morning, a \"proven LEAKER & LIAR\" whose firing was fully justified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/984763579210633216\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/984767560494313472\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Were Trump's actions illegal? \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also writes about the pressure he felt from Trump when the president asked the then-FBI director whether he could \"see your way clear to letting this go, to letting [Michael] Flynn go.\" The president's longtime ally and former national security adviser, Flynn, had to resign because he had misrepresented to Vice President Pence his conversations with Russia's ambassador during the presidential transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn has since pleaded guilty to lying to the FBI as part of a plea deal with Mueller. Precisely what Trump and others knew about what took place during the presidential transition and the early weeks of the administration remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey reserves judgment on whether Trump's actions then and other times since constituted obstruction of justice, admitting, \"I have one perspective on the behavior I saw, which while disturbing and violating basic norms of ethical leadership, may fall short of being illegal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does, however, fault those who overlook how much he says Trump's actions are beyond the pale. Comey's ire seems to extend to much of a Republican Party that he appears to feel has made a Faustian bargain with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is also wrong to stand idly by, or worse, to stay silent when you know better, while a president brazenly seeks to undermine public confidence in law enforcement institutions that were established to keep our leaders in check,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty confronted by the Washington establishment is embodied by retired Marine Gen. John Kelly. Comey writes that after he was fired, then-Secretary of Homeland Security Kelly phoned and offered to resign in protest in an \"emotional call\" with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said he didn't want to work for dishonorable people who would treat someone like me in such a manner. I urged Kelly not to do that, arguing that the country needed principled people around this president. Especially this president,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than three months later, Trump would tap Kelly to be his chief of staff, but his relationship with Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/john-kelly-trump-oval-office-meeting-threatened-quit-f29667d3-d99f-4e23-92f6-9c48c360722b.html\">is described as tenuous\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. The backlash over the Clinton email investigation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many liberals and opponents of the president will likely cheer the stinging rebuke Comey delivers of Trump, they also won't forget one of his most controversial decisions. Comey released a letter less than two weeks before the 2016 election revealing the FBI had reopened its investigation into Clinton's private email server used while she was secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Clinton's camp — and the former Democratic nominee herself — have said they believe that may have swayed the election. Ultimately, the weekend before the election, the FBI said no relevant information had been found. Clinton, however, felt she had been tarred too much too close to Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his testimony before Congress last year, Comey told senators the idea that he had impacted the election with that pronouncement made him \"mildly nauseous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have read she has felt anger toward me personally, and I'm sorry for that,\" Comey writes in the memoir. \"I'm sorry that I couldn't do a better job explaining to her and her supporters why I made the decisions I made.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his book, Comey explains that one reason he felt he had to release the letter was because he believed that Clinton was going to win — and he didn't want her presidency to be tainted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is entirely possible that, because I was making decisions in an environment where Hillary Clinton was sure to be the next president, my concern about making her an illegitimate president by concealing the restarted investigation bore greater weight than it would have if the election appeared closer or if Donald Trump were ahead in all polls. But I don't know,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662012\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-693805668comeyaskew_wide-fba99371cb1191370d6c05af0bf64ec60eefc120-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662012\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After Clinton's loss to Trump, Comey says President Barack Obama reassured Comey he had conducted himself the right way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I picked you to be FBI director because of your integrity and your ability,\" Obama said, according to Comey. \"I want you to know that nothing – nothing – has happened in the last year to change my view.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Comey's \"extremely careless\" damnation \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In July 2016, Comey went before TV cameras to announce that the Justice Department would not be filing charges against Clinton but that he felt she had acted irresponsibly by handling classified material on the personal email server.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book, Comey writes that he regrets using the language \"extremely careless\" to describe Clinton's conduct because it is so similar to \"grossly negligent\" — the legal standard under which she might have been prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone on the investigative team agreed there was no case against Clinton, Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey said he still believes he did the right thing by making that statement because the Justice Department had taken a similar approach in other high-interest investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, he also confirms that the FBI had unverified classified information that could have hurt then-Attorney General Loretta Lynch's credibility in overseeing the probe — and that's one reason he took a more high-profile role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Had it become public, the unverified material would undoubtedly have been used by political opponents to cast serious doubt on the attorney general's independence in connection with the Clinton investigation,\" Comey says. He doesn't elaborate more on what that information may be, simply that it's a \"development still unknown to the American public to this day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/how-a-dubious-russian-document-influenced-the-fbis-handling-of-the-clinton-probe/2017/05/24/f375c07c-3a95-11e7-9e48-c4f199710b69_story.html?utm_term=.0c803703aaff\">The Washington Post has reported\u003c/a> that the FBI obtained what appeared to be a Russian intelligence intercept that described documents in which Lynch assured Clinton's campaign that she would go easy on them in the email investigation. Comey and other FBI officials are believed to have suspected that intelligence was phony, but it, in part, prompted Comey to take matters into his own hands given the damage it might have done to Lynch's credibility if it became public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lynch has also come under fire for a tarmac meeting with Clinton's husband, former President Bill Clinton, as the investigation was underway. Comey says he saw no evidence of her interfering with the probe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Trump's obsession with the Steele dossier — instead of Russian interference\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also says that Trump was intently focused on disproving some salacious allegations in the unverified dossier — authored by former British spy Christopher Steele — about Trump's alleged actions with Russian prostitutes, raising it several times with Comey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \"strongly denied the allegations, asking — rhetorically, I assumed — whether he seemed like a guy who needed the service of prostitutes,\" the former FBI director writes. One reason Trump wanted the allegations disproved was because he feared there was a very slim chance his wife, Melania, might believe them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He just rolled on, unprompted, explaining why it couldn't possibly be true, ending by saying he was thinking of asking me to investigate the allegation to prove it was a lie. I said it was up to him,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one thing that Comey said wasn't on Trump's mind was dealing with the threat posed by Russia. The United States had publicly blamed Russia for interfering in the 2016 race, and by early 2017, the outgoing Obama administration was taking punitive actions including kicking out intelligence officers and closing Russian diplomatic posts inside the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his advisers, however, were not curious about any of that, Comey writes. He recounts a meeting in which he and intelligence officials briefed the then-president elect in January 2017 in Trump Tower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his aides were more concerned with how to \"spin\" the information they had just been given and concerned about the perception that people might believe the only reason Trump was elected was because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/23/528500501/lies-forgery-and-skulduggery-the-long-history-of-active-measures\">the Russian \"active measures\" effort.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They were about to lead a country that had been attacked by a foreign adversary, yet they had no questions about what the future Russian threat might be,\" Comey writes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+Insights+From+Comey%27s+Memoir%3A+Ex-FBI+Chief+Blasts+Trump+As+Mob-Like&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In\u003cem> A Higher Loyalty\u003c/em>, James Comey says the president \"is unethical, and untethered to truth and institutional values. ... His leadership is transactional, ego driven and about personal loyalty.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>James Comey's much-anticipated memoir, \u003cem>A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership,\u003c/em> doesn't pull any punches when it comes to condemning the tenure of President Trump. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former FBI director, whom Trump unceremoniously fired, paints a picture of a chief executive only concerned about his own image in the press instead of the safety of the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The book isn't set to be released until next week, but NPR has obtained a copy. In it, Comey reflects on the circumstances surrounding his dismissal, reveals further insights into his fraught conversations with the president and examines his own controversial decisions — namely how he handled the investigation into former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's private email server and whether he impacted Clinton's chances against Trump in the 2016 presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are five major areas Comey examines in the memoir:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Trump's \"unethical\" and \"transactional\" Mafia-like approach\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The broad portrait Comey tries to paint is of Trump as a president so far outside democratic norms that he is a danger to the republic as he spouts conspiracy theories and untruths regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This president is unethical, and untethered to truth and institutional values,\" Comey writes. \"His leadership is transactional, ego driven and about personal loyalty.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And ultimately, it may have been Comey's refusal to bend to that demand for loyalty, he believes, that led to the president to suddenly fire him almost a year ago. That set in motion the appointment, by Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein, of special counsel Robert Mueller. The title of Comey's book itself is a nod to his belief that a public servant's allegiance should not be to one man but instead to the belief in democratic ideals and to the Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early in his law career, Comey writes, he worked as a prosecutor targeting organized crime, and he compares many of his interactions with Trump to those of mobsters and the Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">The James Comey Saga, In Timeline Form\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/15/527773206/what-just-happened-the-james-comey-saga-in-timeline-form\">\u003cimg src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2017/05/10/ap_17129807287428-41f7d297bc889255f8ece4811990290fdb3e705e-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The silent circle of assent. The boss in complete control. The loyalty oaths. The us-versus-them worldview. The lying about all things, large and small, in service to some code of loyalty that put the organization above morality and above the truth,\" he writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the now infamous one-on-one dinner he had with Trump at which Comey says the president demanded loyalty — but Comey would only promise honesty and, finally, \"honest loyalty\" — Comey writes that the president's \u003cem>\"\u003c/em>demand was like Sammy the Bull's Cosa Nostra induction ceremony,\u003cem>\"\u003c/em> a reference\u003ca href=\"http://www.organized-crime.de/revmaa01sammygravano.htm\"> to a member of the Gambino crime family\u003c/a> who would eventually turn state's evidence to help bring down mob boss John Gotti.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its response to the book, the Republican National Committee made its own play on the book's title.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"James Comey's book is really just a way for him to make money off of his true higher loyalty \u003cem>– \u003c/em>to himself,\" the RNC said in an email to reporters Thursday evening after several reports about the book and its contents were posted online by multiple media outlets.\u003cem> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Trump himself fired back on Twitter early Friday morning, a \"proven LEAKER & LIAR\" whose firing was fully justified.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003ch2>2. Were Trump's actions illegal? \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also writes about the pressure he felt from Trump when the president asked the then-FBI director whether he could \"see your way clear to letting this go, to letting [Michael] Flynn go.\" The president's longtime ally and former national security adviser, Flynn, had to resign because he had misrepresented to Vice President Pence his conversations with Russia's ambassador during the presidential transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flynn has since pleaded guilty to lying to the FBI as part of a plea deal with Mueller. Precisely what Trump and others knew about what took place during the presidential transition and the early weeks of the administration remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey reserves judgment on whether Trump's actions then and other times since constituted obstruction of justice, admitting, \"I have one perspective on the behavior I saw, which while disturbing and violating basic norms of ethical leadership, may fall short of being illegal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does, however, fault those who overlook how much he says Trump's actions are beyond the pale. Comey's ire seems to extend to much of a Republican Party that he appears to feel has made a Faustian bargain with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is also wrong to stand idly by, or worse, to stay silent when you know better, while a president brazenly seeks to undermine public confidence in law enforcement institutions that were established to keep our leaders in check,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difficulty confronted by the Washington establishment is embodied by retired Marine Gen. John Kelly. Comey writes that after he was fired, then-Secretary of Homeland Security Kelly phoned and offered to resign in protest in an \"emotional call\" with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He said he didn't want to work for dishonorable people who would treat someone like me in such a manner. I urged Kelly not to do that, arguing that the country needed principled people around this president. Especially this president,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than three months later, Trump would tap Kelly to be his chief of staff, but his relationship with Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/john-kelly-trump-oval-office-meeting-threatened-quit-f29667d3-d99f-4e23-92f6-9c48c360722b.html\">is described as tenuous\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. The backlash over the Clinton email investigation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While many liberals and opponents of the president will likely cheer the stinging rebuke Comey delivers of Trump, they also won't forget one of his most controversial decisions. Comey released a letter less than two weeks before the 2016 election revealing the FBI had reopened its investigation into Clinton's private email server used while she was secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Clinton's camp — and the former Democratic nominee herself — have said they believe that may have swayed the election. Ultimately, the weekend before the election, the FBI said no relevant information had been found. Clinton, however, felt she had been tarred too much too close to Election Day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his testimony before Congress last year, Comey told senators the idea that he had impacted the election with that pronouncement made him \"mildly nauseous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have read she has felt anger toward me personally, and I'm sorry for that,\" Comey writes in the memoir. \"I'm sorry that I couldn't do a better job explaining to her and her supporters why I made the decisions I made.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his book, Comey explains that one reason he felt he had to release the letter was because he believed that Clinton was going to win — and he didn't want her presidency to be tainted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is entirely possible that, because I was making decisions in an environment where Hillary Clinton was sure to be the next president, my concern about making her an illegitimate president by concealing the restarted investigation bore greater weight than it would have if the election appeared closer or if Donald Trump were ahead in all polls. But I don't know,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662012\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/gettyimages-693805668comeyaskew_wide-fba99371cb1191370d6c05af0bf64ec60eefc120-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11662012\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former FBI Director James Comey testifies before the Senate intelligence committee on June 8, 2017. \u003ccite>(Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After Clinton's loss to Trump, Comey says President Barack Obama reassured Comey he had conducted himself the right way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I picked you to be FBI director because of your integrity and your ability,\" Obama said, according to Comey. \"I want you to know that nothing – nothing – has happened in the last year to change my view.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Comey's \"extremely careless\" damnation \u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In July 2016, Comey went before TV cameras to announce that the Justice Department would not be filing charges against Clinton but that he felt she had acted irresponsibly by handling classified material on the personal email server.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the book, Comey writes that he regrets using the language \"extremely careless\" to describe Clinton's conduct because it is so similar to \"grossly negligent\" — the legal standard under which she might have been prosecuted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone on the investigative team agreed there was no case against Clinton, Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comey said he still believes he did the right thing by making that statement because the Justice Department had taken a similar approach in other high-interest investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, he also confirms that the FBI had unverified classified information that could have hurt then-Attorney General Loretta Lynch's credibility in overseeing the probe — and that's one reason he took a more high-profile role.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Had it become public, the unverified material would undoubtedly have been used by political opponents to cast serious doubt on the attorney general's independence in connection with the Clinton investigation,\" Comey says. He doesn't elaborate more on what that information may be, simply that it's a \"development still unknown to the American public to this day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/how-a-dubious-russian-document-influenced-the-fbis-handling-of-the-clinton-probe/2017/05/24/f375c07c-3a95-11e7-9e48-c4f199710b69_story.html?utm_term=.0c803703aaff\">The Washington Post has reported\u003c/a> that the FBI obtained what appeared to be a Russian intelligence intercept that described documents in which Lynch assured Clinton's campaign that she would go easy on them in the email investigation. Comey and other FBI officials are believed to have suspected that intelligence was phony, but it, in part, prompted Comey to take matters into his own hands given the damage it might have done to Lynch's credibility if it became public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Lynch has also come under fire for a tarmac meeting with Clinton's husband, former President Bill Clinton, as the investigation was underway. Comey says he saw no evidence of her interfering with the probe.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Trump's obsession with the Steele dossier — instead of Russian interference\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Comey also says that Trump was intently focused on disproving some salacious allegations in the unverified dossier — authored by former British spy Christopher Steele — about Trump's alleged actions with Russian prostitutes, raising it several times with Comey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump \"strongly denied the allegations, asking — rhetorically, I assumed — whether he seemed like a guy who needed the service of prostitutes,\" the former FBI director writes. One reason Trump wanted the allegations disproved was because he feared there was a very slim chance his wife, Melania, might believe them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He just rolled on, unprompted, explaining why it couldn't possibly be true, ending by saying he was thinking of asking me to investigate the allegation to prove it was a lie. I said it was up to him,\" Comey writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one thing that Comey said wasn't on Trump's mind was dealing with the threat posed by Russia. The United States had publicly blamed Russia for interfering in the 2016 race, and by early 2017, the outgoing Obama administration was taking punitive actions including kicking out intelligence officers and closing Russian diplomatic posts inside the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his advisers, however, were not curious about any of that, Comey writes. He recounts a meeting in which he and intelligence officials briefed the then-president elect in January 2017 in Trump Tower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his aides were more concerned with how to \"spin\" the information they had just been given and concerned about the perception that people might believe the only reason Trump was elected was because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/05/23/528500501/lies-forgery-and-skulduggery-the-long-history-of-active-measures\">the Russian \"active measures\" effort.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They were about to lead a country that had been attacked by a foreign adversary, yet they had no questions about what the future Russian threat might be,\" Comey writes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+Insights+From+Comey%27s+Memoir%3A+Ex-FBI+Chief+Blasts+Trump+As+Mob-Like&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Does California Shield Police From Scrutiny More Than Many States?",
"title": "Why Does California Shield Police From Scrutiny More Than Many States?",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Cops have a lot of pull in the California Capitol, and over the decades, that’s added up to this startling reality: The Golden State now goes further than many states in terms of protecting police from public scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a stark contrast to the state’s “left coast” image. On abortion rights, gun control and climate change, California has embraced some of the most liberal policies in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with a statehouse controlled entirely by Democrats, California laws are friendlier to law enforcement—and less transparent to the public—than those in Wisconsin and Florida, states with Republican governors and legislatures. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One explanation is that politicians from both parties seek police endorsements to help them sway voters. Polling from last year showed that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_317MBS.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">two-thirds of Californians\u003c/a> think their local police are doing a good job controlling crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another is that labor unions representing officers donate generously to elect officials at every level of government. Three major statewide law enforcement groups—the Peace Officers Research Association of California, the California Statewide Law Enforcement Association and the California Correctional Peace Officers Association—together poured $5.7 million into California political campaigns in the last election cycle, including giving $475,000 to the California Democratic Party and $168,500 to the California Republican Party. That doesn’t include the money dozens of local police unions around the state give to politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As cities across the nation were roiled by police killings in recent years, the Legislature quietly killed proposals to create more police accountability. Now, as California’s capital city responds to the recent killing of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11657508/demonstrators-protest-sacramento-police-fatal-shooting-of-unarmed-black-man\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Stephon Clark\u003c/a>—the unarmed black man shot last month by Sacramento police who seemingly mistook the cellphone he held for a gun—some of those failed bills are being re-introduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California police shot 162 people dead last year, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/police-shootings-2017/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a tally by\u003c/a> The Washington Post—which means the state has 16 percent of the nation’s killings by police but only 12 percent of its population. Activists with the Black Lives Matter movement say legislation now proposed in California is “many years behind” and that Democrats in the Legislature have not been responsive to black communities on police issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What happens is that the police unions, the police lobbyists come out in full force and then legislators who are afraid of their campaign coffers being interrupted side with law enforcement,” said Cat Brooks, founder of the Anti Police-Terror Project based in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police unions see it differently: Reactionary legislators propose un-workable bills, and then law enforcement helps them understand why the bills are bad ideas. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been fortunate to have common sense prevail at the end, as opposed to the stuff that’s proposed at the beginning,” said Tom Saggau, a spokesman for the Los Angeles Police Protective League, a labor union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to making campaign contributions, police are like most interest groups that work to influence public policy, said Brian Marvel, president of Peace Officers Research Association of California, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s politics in America,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the money helps, Marvel said, it is not the only reason police have influence in Sacramento: “Public safety resonates across both sides. People want to be safe in their home, people want to be safe to walk down the street, people respect law enforcement.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are three ways in which California law protects police more than some states do—and one proposed law that would give it the nation’s toughest standard to justify police using deadly force: \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California keeps police misconduct records secret\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In most states, the public has at least some access to records that detail misconduct by police officers. Not so in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State is among 23 states that do not make discipline of police officers available through a public records request—and one of just three states with laws specifically making police personnel records confidential, according to an investigation by New York public radio WNYC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"665\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11661934\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-160x193.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-240x290.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-375x453.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-520x629.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secrecy—which dates back to a law Gov. Jerry Brown signed in 1978—makes it nearly impossible for Californians to know if the police who patrol their streets have ever been disciplined for excessive use of force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Law enforcement is the only public employee group for which we have no access to the records—every other employment category you pretty much have full access under the Public Records Act,” said state Sen. Nancy Skinner, a Berkeley Democrat. “Good policing requires community trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1421\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Bill 1421\u003c/a> would make officers’ records public in three situations: when they fire a gun or use force resulting in serious injury or death; when they’ve engaged in sexual assault on the job; or when they’ve been dishonest in investigating a crime, such as by filing false reports or concealing evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar legislation \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-essential-politics-california-police-misconduct-r-1464384312-htmlstory.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">failed\u003c/a> in 2016, facing stiff opposition from law enforcement groups who argued that it amounted to an invasion of privacy. It’s too soon to say if Skinner’s bill will meet the same fate, but at least one police group says it’s working to find common ground with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are trying to find how we can release some information once it’s gone through its administrative process or the courts,” said Marvel, a San Diego police officer who is president of the Peace Officers Research Association. “I think we can agree on a system of transparency that allows the community to have faith in their police department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other law enforcement groups say there’s no need to open up personnel records. Gary Ingemunson, an attorney for the LA police union, called Skinner’s proposal “a can of worms.” He said existing procedures—through the courts and citizen review boards—provide sufficient accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why are we opening it up? So the newspapers can have a field day?” Ingemunson said. “What’s really important is that the people who need to know have a way to find out... It’s already as open as it needs to be, in our view.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California lets local law enforcement police themselves\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When police kill, it’s generally up to the local district attorney’s office to determine if it’s a crime. But sometimes they rely on investigations conducted by the cop’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/31/ties-that-bind-conflicts-of-interest-police-killings\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">own department\u003c/a>, and research has shown that prosecutors \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/police-rarely-criminally-charged-for-on-duty-shootings-1416874955\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">rarely file\u003c/a> criminal charges against officers involved in on-the-job shootings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police say that’s because the vast majority of their shootings are legally justified, done only when officers perceive an imminent threat. Critics say it’s because cops and prosecutors, who work together closely and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/article207924559.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">spend money\u003c/a> to help each other win elections, are too cozy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four other states require that a state agency—instead of local prosecutors—conduct the investigation when police conduct results in death. Wisconsin passed such a law in 2014 after a man whose son was killed by police used a $1.75 million settlement \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/12/13/370592433/in-wisconsin-a-decade-old-police-shooting-leads-to-new-law\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">to lobby for the change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"665\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11661935\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-160x193.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-240x290.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-375x453.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-520x629.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, lawmakers have rejected the idea twice. But Sacramento Democratic Assemblyman Kevin McCarty—spurred on by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/article206963509.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recent announcement\u003c/a> that Sacramento police asked the state Attorney General to investigate the death of Stephon Clark—plans to re-introduce a bill requiring the state Justice Department to investigate deaths and serious injury caused by police. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It raises a bigger question: why not for all the shootings?” McCarty said. “Having an independent third-party law enforcement agency come and do the investigation can bring about more transparency and more trust in the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty points to \u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/At-Arms-Length-Oct-2016.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a report by the Stanford Criminal Justice Center\u003c/a> that describes the Wisconsin law as a model California should follow. But Tanya Faison, a leader of Black Lives Matter in Sacramento, said such a change is far short of a panacea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be oversight boards that reflect our community that do the investigations when police officers kill people,” Faison said. “This would move the needle in the right direction but there is more work to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police opposed McCarty’s bill last year, saying people who mistrust local law enforcement are unlikely to have more confidence in state-level authorities. And they challenge the assumption that investigators can’t set aside their personal relationships to conduct a fair inquiry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What McCarty is saying is that these officers are unprofessional and can’t do their job,” said Marvel. “I don’t buy into that premise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra chimed in with support only after last year’s bill was watered down to a study. Lawmakers then killed it in the Senate Appropriations Committee, where bills can \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/capitol-suspense-california-bills-vanish-almost-without-trace/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">die without a public vote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked this month if he would support McCarty’s effort this year, Becerra was noncommittal. “What you want to make sure is that you have an investigation that withstands the test of transparency, scrutiny, and accountability. That can be accomplished in any number of ways,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Establishing a unit in the state Department of Justice to investigate police shootings would cost between $8.5 million and $10 million a year, according to \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB284\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis\u003c/a> of prior legislation. McCarty said he’s exploring whether his proposal can be inserted into this year’s state budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California has no power to revoke a cop’s certification \u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>State law says that anyone convicted of a felony cannot serve in law enforcement. Beyond that though, California’s system for getting rid of bad cops is highly decentralized. The state has more than 600 law enforcement agencies, and each one can decide if (short of a felony conviction) an officer’s misconduct is a firing offense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the opposite of how most of the country regulates police, according to research by Roger Goldman, retired professor at the Saint Louis University School of Law. He said that 45 states have a centralized system for revoking an officer’s professional certification—and most of them do it for less than a felony conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“States like Georgia, Florida and North Carolina are decertifying cops hand over fist, and California is decertifying nobody, other than if convicted of a felony,” Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"701\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11661936\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-160x204.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-240x306.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-375x478.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-520x663.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t always like this. California used to allow its law enforcement regulatory agency—known as the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training—to yank a cop’s certification. But in 2003, police unions lobbied the Legislature to take away that power, and Gov. Gray Davis signed the bill a month before he was recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other states with a decentralized system like California’s are Hawaii, New Jersey, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What do they have in common? Very blue. Very strong police unions. The (California) Legislature is obviously scared to death of taking on the police unions,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Goldman contends the lack of such a system makes it easier for bad cops in California to bounce from one department to another, state officials disagree. They argue that police departments here can do a background check on anyone they’re considering hiring and find out if they’ve been fired for misconduct. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because California doesn’t have a process per se like other states (to) rescind or cancel a certificate or license, doesn’t mean California takes that lightly,” said Dave Althausen, spokesman for the state regulatory agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has a database that tracks every sworn officer in the state, he said, including when they were hired by a department and under what circumstances they left. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they are convicted of a felony, the law says the agency must note in their file that they are “ineligible to be a peace officer in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Althausen acknowledged, there’s no requirement that agencies check the database when hiring a new officer. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>And yet: California is considering the nation’s toughest standard for use of deadly force\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 1989, the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/490/386.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ruled\u003c/a> that police use of force is justified whenever a “reasonable officer” in the same circumstance would do the same, setting the legal standard now used in every state. It’s one reason so few cops are convicted of crimes when they kill—jurors must consider whether a reasonable officer perceiving the same threat would make the same split-second decision. If so, the killing is legally justified. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers will consider a bill this year that would make California the only state in the nation to set a different standard, one supporters believe will make it easier to hold police accountable. Under AB 931 police could only use deadly force when “necessary” to prevent injury or death in the context of the officer’s entire encounter with a suspect—not just the moment before firing his gun. Killing would only be legally justified if other tactics, such as warnings or de-escalation, were not possible instead. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/jpeTtfceEBA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not saying that law enforcement officers can never use deadly force,” said Assemblywoman Shirley Weber, a San Diego Democrat carrying the bill with McCarty. “Deadly force can be used, but only when it is completely necessary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers with the American Civil Liberties Union, which is backing the bill, say the Supreme Court standard sets a minimum level of protection for civilians confronted by police, and that states can choose to set a higher bar. But Ingemunson, the lawyer for the LA police union questioned that, saying the proposed standard may violate officers’ rights under federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The theory would be that an officer also has rights, and one might be to be judged by the federal standard, not some state standard,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police are frustrated that the bill language has not yet been made public, and say it’s hypocritical of the ACLU to criticize law enforcement for a lack of transparency while working with legislators behind the scenes to draft a bill that would impact their profession. They also warn that the “necessary” standard might discourage police from going into dangerous situations where their help is needed. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be a colossal hindrance to law enforcement in this state,” said Marvel. “It would take away our ability to react efficiently and effectively. Officers will be thinking, ‘Should I really be doing this? Should I run away?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though no other states have a standard like the one California is considering, some police departments have a standard higher than the one set by the Supreme Court in their internal policies. Seth Stoughton, an assistant professor at the University of South Carolina School of Law, researched use-of-force policies in the nation’s 50 largest police departments for a paper published last year. He concluded that Los Angeles has nothing in its policy describing a continuum of the types of force that should be deployed, while Seattle has the most detailed policy, stating, in part, that officers must “use only the force necessary to perform their duties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Supreme Court case law sets a (low) floor, but not a ceiling on how agencies handle use of force internally,” Stoughton wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Zimring, a professor at UC Berkeley’s law school, said the California Legislature could best impact police behavior by increasing the amount of civil damages victims may seek in lawsuits over deadly force. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The major force in controlling, or failing to control, police use of force is the police chief,” Zimring said. “What state law can do is...make excessive use of deadly force expensive enough to motivate police chiefs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Cops have a lot of pull in the California Capitol, and over the decades, that’s added up to this startling reality: The Golden State now goes further than many states in terms of protecting police from public scrutiny.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Cops have a lot of pull in the California Capitol, and over the decades, that’s added up to this startling reality: The Golden State now goes further than many states in terms of protecting police from public scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a stark contrast to the state’s “left coast” image. On abortion rights, gun control and climate change, California has embraced some of the most liberal policies in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with a statehouse controlled entirely by Democrats, California laws are friendlier to law enforcement—and less transparent to the public—than those in Wisconsin and Florida, states with Republican governors and legislatures. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One explanation is that politicians from both parties seek police endorsements to help them sway voters. Polling from last year showed that \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/content/pubs/survey/S_317MBS.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">two-thirds of Californians\u003c/a> think their local police are doing a good job controlling crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another is that labor unions representing officers donate generously to elect officials at every level of government. Three major statewide law enforcement groups—the Peace Officers Research Association of California, the California Statewide Law Enforcement Association and the California Correctional Peace Officers Association—together poured $5.7 million into California political campaigns in the last election cycle, including giving $475,000 to the California Democratic Party and $168,500 to the California Republican Party. That doesn’t include the money dozens of local police unions around the state give to politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As cities across the nation were roiled by police killings in recent years, the Legislature quietly killed proposals to create more police accountability. Now, as California’s capital city responds to the recent killing of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11657508/demonstrators-protest-sacramento-police-fatal-shooting-of-unarmed-black-man\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Stephon Clark\u003c/a>—the unarmed black man shot last month by Sacramento police who seemingly mistook the cellphone he held for a gun—some of those failed bills are being re-introduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California police shot 162 people dead last year, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/police-shootings-2017/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a tally by\u003c/a> The Washington Post—which means the state has 16 percent of the nation’s killings by police but only 12 percent of its population. Activists with the Black Lives Matter movement say legislation now proposed in California is “many years behind” and that Democrats in the Legislature have not been responsive to black communities on police issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What happens is that the police unions, the police lobbyists come out in full force and then legislators who are afraid of their campaign coffers being interrupted side with law enforcement,” said Cat Brooks, founder of the Anti Police-Terror Project based in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police unions see it differently: Reactionary legislators propose un-workable bills, and then law enforcement helps them understand why the bills are bad ideas. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been fortunate to have common sense prevail at the end, as opposed to the stuff that’s proposed at the beginning,” said Tom Saggau, a spokesman for the Los Angeles Police Protective League, a labor union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to making campaign contributions, police are like most interest groups that work to influence public policy, said Brian Marvel, president of Peace Officers Research Association of California, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s politics in America,” he said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the money helps, Marvel said, it is not the only reason police have influence in Sacramento: “Public safety resonates across both sides. People want to be safe in their home, people want to be safe to walk down the street, people respect law enforcement.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are three ways in which California law protects police more than some states do—and one proposed law that would give it the nation’s toughest standard to justify police using deadly force: \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California keeps police misconduct records secret\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In most states, the public has at least some access to records that detail misconduct by police officers. Not so in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State is among 23 states that do not make discipline of police officers available through a public records request—and one of just three states with laws specifically making police personnel records confidential, according to an investigation by New York public radio WNYC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"665\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11661934\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-160x193.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-240x290.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-375x453.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/27-states-give-the-public-at-least-some-access-to-police-discipline-records-520x629.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secrecy—which dates back to a law Gov. Jerry Brown signed in 1978—makes it nearly impossible for Californians to know if the police who patrol their streets have ever been disciplined for excessive use of force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Law enforcement is the only public employee group for which we have no access to the records—every other employment category you pretty much have full access under the Public Records Act,” said state Sen. Nancy Skinner, a Berkeley Democrat. “Good policing requires community trust.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB1421\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Bill 1421\u003c/a> would make officers’ records public in three situations: when they fire a gun or use force resulting in serious injury or death; when they’ve engaged in sexual assault on the job; or when they’ve been dishonest in investigating a crime, such as by filing false reports or concealing evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similar legislation \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-sac-essential-politics-california-police-misconduct-r-1464384312-htmlstory.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">failed\u003c/a> in 2016, facing stiff opposition from law enforcement groups who argued that it amounted to an invasion of privacy. It’s too soon to say if Skinner’s bill will meet the same fate, but at least one police group says it’s working to find common ground with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are trying to find how we can release some information once it’s gone through its administrative process or the courts,” said Marvel, a San Diego police officer who is president of the Peace Officers Research Association. “I think we can agree on a system of transparency that allows the community to have faith in their police department.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other law enforcement groups say there’s no need to open up personnel records. Gary Ingemunson, an attorney for the LA police union, called Skinner’s proposal “a can of worms.” He said existing procedures—through the courts and citizen review boards—provide sufficient accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why are we opening it up? So the newspapers can have a field day?” Ingemunson said. “What’s really important is that the people who need to know have a way to find out... It’s already as open as it needs to be, in our view.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California lets local law enforcement police themselves\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When police kill, it’s generally up to the local district attorney’s office to determine if it’s a crime. But sometimes they rely on investigations conducted by the cop’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/31/ties-that-bind-conflicts-of-interest-police-killings\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">own department\u003c/a>, and research has shown that prosecutors \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/police-rarely-criminally-charged-for-on-duty-shootings-1416874955\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">rarely file\u003c/a> criminal charges against officers involved in on-the-job shootings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police say that’s because the vast majority of their shootings are legally justified, done only when officers perceive an imminent threat. Critics say it’s because cops and prosecutors, who work together closely and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/article207924559.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">spend money\u003c/a> to help each other win elections, are too cozy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four other states require that a state agency—instead of local prosecutors—conduct the investigation when police conduct results in death. Wisconsin passed such a law in 2014 after a man whose son was killed by police used a $1.75 million settlement \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2014/12/13/370592433/in-wisconsin-a-decade-old-police-shooting-leads-to-new-law\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">to lobby for the change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"665\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11661935\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-160x193.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-240x290.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-375x453.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/4-states-require-a-state-agency-to-investigate-police-shootings-520x629.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, lawmakers have rejected the idea twice. But Sacramento Democratic Assemblyman Kevin McCarty—spurred on by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/local/article206963509.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">recent announcement\u003c/a> that Sacramento police asked the state Attorney General to investigate the death of Stephon Clark—plans to re-introduce a bill requiring the state Justice Department to investigate deaths and serious injury caused by police. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It raises a bigger question: why not for all the shootings?” McCarty said. “Having an independent third-party law enforcement agency come and do the investigation can bring about more transparency and more trust in the process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCarty points to \u003ca href=\"https://law.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/At-Arms-Length-Oct-2016.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a report by the Stanford Criminal Justice Center\u003c/a> that describes the Wisconsin law as a model California should follow. But Tanya Faison, a leader of Black Lives Matter in Sacramento, said such a change is far short of a panacea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be oversight boards that reflect our community that do the investigations when police officers kill people,” Faison said. “This would move the needle in the right direction but there is more work to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police opposed McCarty’s bill last year, saying people who mistrust local law enforcement are unlikely to have more confidence in state-level authorities. And they challenge the assumption that investigators can’t set aside their personal relationships to conduct a fair inquiry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What McCarty is saying is that these officers are unprofessional and can’t do their job,” said Marvel. “I don’t buy into that premise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra chimed in with support only after last year’s bill was watered down to a study. Lawmakers then killed it in the Senate Appropriations Committee, where bills can \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/capitol-suspense-california-bills-vanish-almost-without-trace/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">die without a public vote\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked this month if he would support McCarty’s effort this year, Becerra was noncommittal. “What you want to make sure is that you have an investigation that withstands the test of transparency, scrutiny, and accountability. That can be accomplished in any number of ways,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Establishing a unit in the state Department of Justice to investigate police shootings would cost between $8.5 million and $10 million a year, according to \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB284\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis\u003c/a> of prior legislation. McCarty said he’s exploring whether his proposal can be inserted into this year’s state budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California has no power to revoke a cop’s certification \u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>State law says that anyone convicted of a felony cannot serve in law enforcement. Beyond that though, California’s system for getting rid of bad cops is highly decentralized. The state has more than 600 law enforcement agencies, and each one can decide if (short of a felony conviction) an officer’s misconduct is a firing offense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the opposite of how most of the country regulates police, according to research by Roger Goldman, retired professor at the Saint Louis University School of Law. He said that 45 states have a centralized system for revoking an officer’s professional certification—and most of them do it for less than a felony conviction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“States like Georgia, Florida and North Carolina are decertifying cops hand over fist, and California is decertifying nobody, other than if convicted of a felony,” Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"550\" height=\"701\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-11661936\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification.jpg 550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-160x204.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-240x306.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-375x478.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/45-states-have-the-power-to-revoke-a-police-officers-certification-520x663.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t always like this. California used to allow its law enforcement regulatory agency—known as the Commission on Peace Officer Standards and Training—to yank a cop’s certification. But in 2003, police unions lobbied the Legislature to take away that power, and Gov. Gray Davis signed the bill a month before he was recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other states with a decentralized system like California’s are Hawaii, New Jersey, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, Goldman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What do they have in common? Very blue. Very strong police unions. The (California) Legislature is obviously scared to death of taking on the police unions,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Goldman contends the lack of such a system makes it easier for bad cops in California to bounce from one department to another, state officials disagree. They argue that police departments here can do a background check on anyone they’re considering hiring and find out if they’ve been fired for misconduct. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just because California doesn’t have a process per se like other states (to) rescind or cancel a certificate or license, doesn’t mean California takes that lightly,” said Dave Althausen, spokesman for the state regulatory agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has a database that tracks every sworn officer in the state, he said, including when they were hired by a department and under what circumstances they left. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If they are convicted of a felony, the law says the agency must note in their file that they are “ineligible to be a peace officer in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, Althausen acknowledged, there’s no requirement that agencies check the database when hiring a new officer. \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>And yet: California is considering the nation’s toughest standard for use of deadly force\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In 1989, the U.S. Supreme Court \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/490/386.html\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ruled\u003c/a> that police use of force is justified whenever a “reasonable officer” in the same circumstance would do the same, setting the legal standard now used in every state. It’s one reason so few cops are convicted of crimes when they kill—jurors must consider whether a reasonable officer perceiving the same threat would make the same split-second decision. If so, the killing is legally justified. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California lawmakers will consider a bill this year that would make California the only state in the nation to set a different standard, one supporters believe will make it easier to hold police accountable. Under AB 931 police could only use deadly force when “necessary” to prevent injury or death in the context of the officer’s entire encounter with a suspect—not just the moment before firing his gun. Killing would only be legally justified if other tactics, such as warnings or de-escalation, were not possible instead. \u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/jpeTtfceEBA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/jpeTtfceEBA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“We’re not saying that law enforcement officers can never use deadly force,” said Assemblywoman Shirley Weber, a San Diego Democrat carrying the bill with McCarty. “Deadly force can be used, but only when it is completely necessary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers with the American Civil Liberties Union, which is backing the bill, say the Supreme Court standard sets a minimum level of protection for civilians confronted by police, and that states can choose to set a higher bar. But Ingemunson, the lawyer for the LA police union questioned that, saying the proposed standard may violate officers’ rights under federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The theory would be that an officer also has rights, and one might be to be judged by the federal standard, not some state standard,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police are frustrated that the bill language has not yet been made public, and say it’s hypocritical of the ACLU to criticize law enforcement for a lack of transparency while working with legislators behind the scenes to draft a bill that would impact their profession. They also warn that the “necessary” standard might discourage police from going into dangerous situations where their help is needed. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be a colossal hindrance to law enforcement in this state,” said Marvel. “It would take away our ability to react efficiently and effectively. Officers will be thinking, ‘Should I really be doing this? Should I run away?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though no other states have a standard like the one California is considering, some police departments have a standard higher than the one set by the Supreme Court in their internal policies. Seth Stoughton, an assistant professor at the University of South Carolina School of Law, researched use-of-force policies in the nation’s 50 largest police departments for a paper published last year. He concluded that Los Angeles has nothing in its policy describing a continuum of the types of force that should be deployed, while Seattle has the most detailed policy, stating, in part, that officers must “use only the force necessary to perform their duties.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Supreme Court case law sets a (low) floor, but not a ceiling on how agencies handle use of force internally,” Stoughton wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Franklin Zimring, a professor at UC Berkeley’s law school, said the California Legislature could best impact police behavior by increasing the amount of civil damages victims may seek in lawsuits over deadly force. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The major force in controlling, or failing to control, police use of force is the police chief,” Zimring said. “What state law can do is...make excessive use of deadly force expensive enough to motivate police chiefs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CALmatters.org\u003c/a> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "8 Advance Tidbits From the Upcoming Theranos Book",
"title": "8 Advance Tidbits From the Upcoming Theranos Book",
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"content": "\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">Theranos this week \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-lays-off-most-of-its-remaining-workforce-1523382373\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">laid off\u003c/a> all but about two dozen of its remaining employees — the latest indignity for the once fabulously rich blood-testing company that’s become a parable for Silicon Valley hubris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">As with much of the flood of bad news for Theranos, word of the layoffs came from John Carreyrou, the investigative reporter at the Wall Street Journal who was the first to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">break the story\u003c/a> of the company’s troubles in October 2015 and who later landed a string of Theranos-related scoops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">Carreyrou also happens to be the author of a new book on the company, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/549478/bad-blood-by-john-carreyrou/9781524731656/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup\u003c/a>,” which is being released on May 21. The first print, from the publishing house Alfred A. Knopf, will be 100,000 copies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">STAT obtained an advance copy of the roughly 300-page book. Through countless details and episodes reported for the first time, Carreyrou paints a damning portrait of the culture of dysfunction and deception overseen by CEO Elizabeth Holmes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are the eight most remarkable things we learned from reading “Bad Blood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, we should add, didn’t return STAT’s request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>1. Theranos was lying as early as 2006\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Much of the attention on Theranos’ misdeeds has been focused on what happened (and what failed to happen) \u003ci>after\u003c/i> the company launched its blood-testing services to the public in Walgreens drugstores in September 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carreyrou says there was deception going on far earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an episode reported for the first time in the book, Carreyrou describes a surreal scene from 2006, in which the company’s first chief financial officer learned that Theranos had deceived Novartis executives in demonstrating its technology at a pitch meeting in Switzerland. The trick: Because the blood-testing system was inconsistent in generating results, Theranos staffers had recorded a result from one of the times it worked to display in the demonstration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when the CFO raised concern about that with Holmes? He was fired on the spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>2. Theranos’s technology was more amateurish than previously known\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Theranos has largely taken heat for lying. But Carreyrou also found absurdity and amateurism at the heart of the company’s technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one revealing incident, Holmes and an associate spent two hours pricking their fingers in a hotel before a big meeting with Novartis in a futile effort to get the buggy technology to work. In another, an executive bragged that he could write the code for the technology’s software faster using Flash — before a “Learn Flash” book turned up on his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>3. It didn’t take much to get fired or fall out of favor at Theranos\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not unusual for a fast-growing startup to see some employee turnover. But Carreyrou’s book describes Theranos’s corporate culture as far more toxic and chaotic than previously known.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/03/19/theranos-ramesh-balwani/\">Sunny Balwani\u003c/a>, Theranos’s shadowy former No. 2 executive, fired employees without explanation to the rest of the staff so frequently that surviving employees referred to dismissed colleagues with a memorable turn of phrase. “‘Sunny disappeared him,’ they would say, conjuring up the image of a Mafia hit in 1970s Brooklyn,” Carreyrou writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when Theranos employees didn’t get sacked, even the smallest incidents could cause them to offend Holmes and Balwani and lose their status within the company hierarchy. In one surreal incident Carreyrou describes, an employee was castigated for a weekend project in which he invented a new type of bike light — seen by Holmes and Balwani as a major conflict of interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>4. Holmes’s younger brother led a pack of ‘Therabros’\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Among the hires at Theranos: Holmes’s younger brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s book details for the first time the strange role that Christian Holmes played at the company. Despite no relevant qualifications, Christian Holmes joined Theranos’ product management team just a few years after graduating from Duke University. He cut a very different figure than his sister, coming off as more interested in having fun than in changing the world, Carreyrou reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christian Holmes recruited several of his fraternity brothers from Duke to join Theranos, forming a clique with an outsized status in the corporate hierarchy that other employees called “the Frat Pack.” In one of the most memorable lines of Carreyrou’s book, one staffer at an ad agency that worked with Theranos referred to Christian Holmes’s clique as the “Therabros.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if Christian Holmes still works at Theranos, though his \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/christian-holmes-20233414/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LinkedIn page \u003c/a>still lists him as the company’s senior director of business development.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>5. Super-lawyer David Boies comes off looking bad\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>David Boies, the legendary lawyer who represented Al Gore in Florida and took on Bill Gates in a massive antitrust case, has had a bad few months: He took a reputation hit for his role in silencing the women who’ve accused Harvey Weinstein of sexual harrassment and assault. The New York Times fired him. So did a\u003ca href=\"https://abovethelaw.com/2017/11/david-boies-loses-more-work-over-weinstein-debacle/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Florida city\u003c/a>, on a pro bono case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s new book might not help Boies’ ailing image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bad Blood” paints a vivid portrait of the central role that Boies played in unsuccessfully trying to pressure the Wall Street Journal to kill Carreyrou’s original story — and in trying to intimidate Tyler Schultz, the young Stanford graduate who briefly worked at Theranos and blew the whistle on the company’s misdeeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>6. Holmes wasn’t manipulated — but her deep voice may be\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The public fascination with the Theranos scandal has been driven in no small part by the cult of personality around Holmes, the charismatic, turtleneck-clad young woman who dropped out of Stanford at age 19 to revolutionize blood testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Theranos’s misdeeds have come to light, her mystique has centered around a key question: Was she the key figure behind the deception — or simply a pawn of Balwani, who happened to also be her boyfriend for a time? (More on that in a second.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s account gives every reason to believe Holmes was the decision-maker. Scene after scene in the book shows her convincing people to do her bidding, often in the face of overwhelming reason to do otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes also comes off as supremely in control of her own image. In one memorable incident, she slipped out of her trademark baritone into a voice many octaves higher, leading one former employee to suspect that the deep voice may be affected to fit in in a corporate world dominated by men.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>7. Balwani is even more central to the Theranos saga than you thought\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Balwani was in the public spotlight last month when he was charged with fraud by the Securities and Exchange Commission. While Holmes and her company settled analogous charges, Balwani is going to court to fight the SEC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s book paints the most detailed portrait to date of Balwani. The book describes him as a man who drove statement sports cars, wore way too much cologne to the office, and mercilessly bullied employees even though he understood little about blood testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The book also provides new details about the timeline of the romantic relationship between Holmes and Balwani, who is nearly 20 years Holmes’s senior. According to Carreyrou, they became romantically involved not long after she dropped out of Stanford at age 19. And they broke up in the spring of 2016, when Holmes pushed him out of the company as Theranos’ problems were growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>8. Carreyrou has a reporter’s notebook for the ages\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first-person account of how a journalist got a big story, known in the news business as a reporter’s notebook, has become a familiar genre. In the book, Carreyrou for the first time pens his own account of how he landed one of the biggest business stories of the decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou writes vividly about getting the tip that sparked the story (it came by phone, from a pathology blogger), taking a breakthrough call while watching his sons play at a Brooklyn park, and getting information that led him to conclude that he or Schultz was being surveilled by Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s own story, like the rest of the book, does not disappoint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/04/12/theranos-bad-blood-carreyrou/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">story\u003c/a> was originally published by STAT, an online publication of Boston Globe Media that covers health, medicine, and scientific discovery. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">Theranos this week \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-lays-off-most-of-its-remaining-workforce-1523382373\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">laid off\u003c/a> all but about two dozen of its remaining employees — the latest indignity for the once fabulously rich blood-testing company that’s become a parable for Silicon Valley hubris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">As with much of the flood of bad news for Theranos, word of the layoffs came from John Carreyrou, the investigative reporter at the Wall Street Journal who was the first to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/theranos-has-struggled-with-blood-tests-1444881901\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">break the story\u003c/a> of the company’s troubles in October 2015 and who later landed a string of Theranos-related scoops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">Carreyrou also happens to be the author of a new book on the company, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/549478/bad-blood-by-john-carreyrou/9781524731656/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup\u003c/a>,” which is being released on May 21. The first print, from the publishing house Alfred A. Knopf, will be 100,000 copies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"danger-zone\">STAT obtained an advance copy of the roughly 300-page book. Through countless details and episodes reported for the first time, Carreyrou paints a damning portrait of the culture of dysfunction and deception overseen by CEO Elizabeth Holmes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Below are the eight most remarkable things we learned from reading “Bad Blood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, we should add, didn’t return STAT’s request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>1. Theranos was lying as early as 2006\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Much of the attention on Theranos’ misdeeds has been focused on what happened (and what failed to happen) \u003ci>after\u003c/i> the company launched its blood-testing services to the public in Walgreens drugstores in September 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Carreyrou says there was deception going on far earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an episode reported for the first time in the book, Carreyrou describes a surreal scene from 2006, in which the company’s first chief financial officer learned that Theranos had deceived Novartis executives in demonstrating its technology at a pitch meeting in Switzerland. The trick: Because the blood-testing system was inconsistent in generating results, Theranos staffers had recorded a result from one of the times it worked to display in the demonstration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when the CFO raised concern about that with Holmes? He was fired on the spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>2. Theranos’s technology was more amateurish than previously known\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Theranos has largely taken heat for lying. But Carreyrou also found absurdity and amateurism at the heart of the company’s technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one revealing incident, Holmes and an associate spent two hours pricking their fingers in a hotel before a big meeting with Novartis in a futile effort to get the buggy technology to work. In another, an executive bragged that he could write the code for the technology’s software faster using Flash — before a “Learn Flash” book turned up on his desk.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>3. It didn’t take much to get fired or fall out of favor at Theranos\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s not unusual for a fast-growing startup to see some employee turnover. But Carreyrou’s book describes Theranos’s corporate culture as far more toxic and chaotic than previously known.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/03/19/theranos-ramesh-balwani/\">Sunny Balwani\u003c/a>, Theranos’s shadowy former No. 2 executive, fired employees without explanation to the rest of the staff so frequently that surviving employees referred to dismissed colleagues with a memorable turn of phrase. “‘Sunny disappeared him,’ they would say, conjuring up the image of a Mafia hit in 1970s Brooklyn,” Carreyrou writes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when Theranos employees didn’t get sacked, even the smallest incidents could cause them to offend Holmes and Balwani and lose their status within the company hierarchy. In one surreal incident Carreyrou describes, an employee was castigated for a weekend project in which he invented a new type of bike light — seen by Holmes and Balwani as a major conflict of interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>4. Holmes’s younger brother led a pack of ‘Therabros’\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Among the hires at Theranos: Holmes’s younger brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s book details for the first time the strange role that Christian Holmes played at the company. Despite no relevant qualifications, Christian Holmes joined Theranos’ product management team just a few years after graduating from Duke University. He cut a very different figure than his sister, coming off as more interested in having fun than in changing the world, Carreyrou reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christian Holmes recruited several of his fraternity brothers from Duke to join Theranos, forming a clique with an outsized status in the corporate hierarchy that other employees called “the Frat Pack.” In one of the most memorable lines of Carreyrou’s book, one staffer at an ad agency that worked with Theranos referred to Christian Holmes’s clique as the “Therabros.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear if Christian Holmes still works at Theranos, though his \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/christian-holmes-20233414/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LinkedIn page \u003c/a>still lists him as the company’s senior director of business development.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>5. Super-lawyer David Boies comes off looking bad\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>David Boies, the legendary lawyer who represented Al Gore in Florida and took on Bill Gates in a massive antitrust case, has had a bad few months: He took a reputation hit for his role in silencing the women who’ve accused Harvey Weinstein of sexual harrassment and assault. The New York Times fired him. So did a\u003ca href=\"https://abovethelaw.com/2017/11/david-boies-loses-more-work-over-weinstein-debacle/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Florida city\u003c/a>, on a pro bono case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s new book might not help Boies’ ailing image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bad Blood” paints a vivid portrait of the central role that Boies played in unsuccessfully trying to pressure the Wall Street Journal to kill Carreyrou’s original story — and in trying to intimidate Tyler Schultz, the young Stanford graduate who briefly worked at Theranos and blew the whistle on the company’s misdeeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>6. Holmes wasn’t manipulated — but her deep voice may be\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The public fascination with the Theranos scandal has been driven in no small part by the cult of personality around Holmes, the charismatic, turtleneck-clad young woman who dropped out of Stanford at age 19 to revolutionize blood testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Theranos’s misdeeds have come to light, her mystique has centered around a key question: Was she the key figure behind the deception — or simply a pawn of Balwani, who happened to also be her boyfriend for a time? (More on that in a second.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s account gives every reason to believe Holmes was the decision-maker. Scene after scene in the book shows her convincing people to do her bidding, often in the face of overwhelming reason to do otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Holmes also comes off as supremely in control of her own image. In one memorable incident, she slipped out of her trademark baritone into a voice many octaves higher, leading one former employee to suspect that the deep voice may be affected to fit in in a corporate world dominated by men.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>7. Balwani is even more central to the Theranos saga than you thought\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Balwani was in the public spotlight last month when he was charged with fraud by the Securities and Exchange Commission. While Holmes and her company settled analogous charges, Balwani is going to court to fight the SEC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s book paints the most detailed portrait to date of Balwani. The book describes him as a man who drove statement sports cars, wore way too much cologne to the office, and mercilessly bullied employees even though he understood little about blood testing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The book also provides new details about the timeline of the romantic relationship between Holmes and Balwani, who is nearly 20 years Holmes’s senior. According to Carreyrou, they became romantically involved not long after she dropped out of Stanford at age 19. And they broke up in the spring of 2016, when Holmes pushed him out of the company as Theranos’ problems were growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>8. Carreyrou has a reporter’s notebook for the ages\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The first-person account of how a journalist got a big story, known in the news business as a reporter’s notebook, has become a familiar genre. In the book, Carreyrou for the first time pens his own account of how he landed one of the biggest business stories of the decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou writes vividly about getting the tip that sparked the story (it came by phone, from a pathology blogger), taking a breakthrough call while watching his sons play at a Brooklyn park, and getting information that led him to conclude that he or Schultz was being surveilled by Theranos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carreyrou’s own story, like the rest of the book, does not disappoint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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"order": 19
},
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"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
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}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 3
},
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}
},
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
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"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"order": 18
},
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
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