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"content": "\u003cp>A growing number of cities, states, police departments, school districts and other local governments are signaling they won’t cooperate with what Trump administration officials are describing as the largest migrant deportation effort in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Omaha police department has no plans to participate in any raids,” said Chief Todd Schmaderer, who heads the Omaha, Nebraska police department\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBHJUXlMIdE\"> in a video posted on Youtube\u003c/a>. He added that local officers “do not and will not” stop people to check their legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the Department of Homeland Security say they’ve launched efforts nationally to identify, detain and deport far more migrants without legal status, including some allowed into the U.S. by the Biden administration. DHS officials also say their agents are now free to conduct raids at churches and schools, canceling guidelines that made “sensitive” areas off-limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appearing in the same video, Omaha’s Republican Mayor Jean Stothert said threats of a nationwide immigration crackdown are causing “concern and fear” in her community. “Enforcing immigration law is the responsibility of federal law enforcement agencies, not the Omaha police department,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Omaha officials aren’t alone. Leaders in Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York City and other communities have made it clear they’ll \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/21/nx-s1-5269899/trump-immigration-enforcement-schools-churches\">play no role aiding any round-ups\u003c/a> of migrants without legal status — and may actively oppose them with lawsuits and other efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have a very chilling effect on our ability to provide public safety in the city if people were afraid to call the Minneapolis police because they think we’re going to call Immigration on them,” said Minneapolis police Chief Brian O’Hara in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2025/01/17/minneapolis-police-chief-reiterates-policy-prohibiting-officers-enforcing-immigration-law\">interview with MPR News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At an event last week in Grand Prairie, Texas, police Chief Daniel Scesney said his department also won’t support immigration sweeps. “My officers would not be using their time efficiently if they were driving around trying to find people who might have been born in another place,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.keranews.org/news/2025-01-17/grand-prairie-police-chief-immigration-status-deportations\"> Scesney said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities publicly opposed some or all of the federal crackdown:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cli>Denver’s city government \u003ca href=\"https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Mayors-Office/News/ICYMI-Denver-Takes-Commonsense-Approach-to-Trump-Mass-Deportation-Plans\">posted an editorial this week on its official website\u003c/a> describing the federal immigration crackdown as “a calamity.” Mayor Mike Johnson, a Democrat, said it’s likely the city will join lawsuits aimed at protecting migrant rights.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The school district in Bridgeport, Connecticut issued a statement saying U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents will be denied access to school buildings, buses or events without permission from officials. “Every student … regardless of their immigration status has the right to feel secure and supported,” said interim Superintendent Royce Avery.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In November, the city of Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://cd4.lacity.gov/press-releases/city-council-votes-to-establish-los-angeles-as-a-sanctuary-city/\">passed an ordinance\u003c/a> that prohibited use of city resources in immigration enforcement efforts while limiting information sharing with federal immigration authorities.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>At a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/NYCMayor/status/1882217228424081889\">gathering Wednesday in New York City\u003c/a>, Mayor Eric Adams, a former police officer, said city officials would “stand up for all New Yorkers, documented or undocumented” and “make sure you get the services you deserve.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In El Paso, Texas, Mayor Renard Johnson, who describes himself as nonpartisan, criticized Trump’s immigration plans to deploy U.S. troops along the southern border, which he described as “very safe.” At a public meeting this week, Renard spoke to migrant families: “You can live in peace in our communities, you can go to the schools, you can go to the churches, and you’re going to be okay.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Before President Trump took office, many local jurisdictions around the U.S. passed measures strictly limiting cooperation with U.S. immigration authorities. The Center for Immigration Studies, which advocates for tighter restrictions on migrants entering the U.S., identified \u003ca href=\"https://cis.org/Map-Sanctuary-Cities-Counties-and-States\">13 states and more than 200 cities and counties\u003c/a> with some form of “sanctuary” law or ordinance protecting migrants.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101908578,news_12023442,news_12021487\"]Some cities have embraced Trump’s migrant deportation plan. Huntington Beach, California, passed a measure this week declaring the community a “non-sanctuary city.”\u003ca href=\"https://www.huntingtonbeachca.gov/news_detail_T4_R263.php\"> In a statement, Mayor Pat Burns\u003c/a>, a Republican, blasted other California officials for “subverting our federal government’s enforcement of our immigration laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump administration officials have made it clear they plan to pressure local governments that don’t cooperate. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/22/nx-s1-5271541/doj-immigration-trump-memo-prosecution\">Justice Department memo\u003c/a> distributed this week said state and local officials could face prosecution if they fail to aid enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Federal law prohibits state and local actors from resisting, obstructing, and otherwise failing to comply with lawful immigration-related commands or requests,” the memo states, raising the possibility of charges for harboring immigrants without legal status or for failing to share information with immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A growing number of cities, states, police departments, school districts and other local governments are signaling they won’t cooperate with what Trump administration officials are describing as the largest migrant deportation effort in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Omaha police department has no plans to participate in any raids,” said Chief Todd Schmaderer, who heads the Omaha, Nebraska police department\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBHJUXlMIdE\"> in a video posted on Youtube\u003c/a>. He added that local officers “do not and will not” stop people to check their legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the Department of Homeland Security say they’ve launched efforts nationally to identify, detain and deport far more migrants without legal status, including some allowed into the U.S. by the Biden administration. DHS officials also say their agents are now free to conduct raids at churches and schools, canceling guidelines that made “sensitive” areas off-limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appearing in the same video, Omaha’s Republican Mayor Jean Stothert said threats of a nationwide immigration crackdown are causing “concern and fear” in her community. “Enforcing immigration law is the responsibility of federal law enforcement agencies, not the Omaha police department,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Omaha officials aren’t alone. Leaders in Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York City and other communities have made it clear they’ll \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/21/nx-s1-5269899/trump-immigration-enforcement-schools-churches\">play no role aiding any round-ups\u003c/a> of migrants without legal status — and may actively oppose them with lawsuits and other efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have a very chilling effect on our ability to provide public safety in the city if people were afraid to call the Minneapolis police because they think we’re going to call Immigration on them,” said Minneapolis police Chief Brian O’Hara in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.mprnews.org/story/2025/01/17/minneapolis-police-chief-reiterates-policy-prohibiting-officers-enforcing-immigration-law\">interview with MPR News\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At an event last week in Grand Prairie, Texas, police Chief Daniel Scesney said his department also won’t support immigration sweeps. “My officers would not be using their time efficiently if they were driving around trying to find people who might have been born in another place,”\u003ca href=\"https://www.keranews.org/news/2025-01-17/grand-prairie-police-chief-immigration-status-deportations\"> Scesney said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities publicly opposed some or all of the federal crackdown:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul class=\"edTag\">\n\u003cli>Denver’s city government \u003ca href=\"https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Mayors-Office/News/ICYMI-Denver-Takes-Commonsense-Approach-to-Trump-Mass-Deportation-Plans\">posted an editorial this week on its official website\u003c/a> describing the federal immigration crackdown as “a calamity.” Mayor Mike Johnson, a Democrat, said it’s likely the city will join lawsuits aimed at protecting migrant rights.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The school district in Bridgeport, Connecticut issued a statement saying U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents will be denied access to school buildings, buses or events without permission from officials. “Every student … regardless of their immigration status has the right to feel secure and supported,” said interim Superintendent Royce Avery.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In November, the city of Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://cd4.lacity.gov/press-releases/city-council-votes-to-establish-los-angeles-as-a-sanctuary-city/\">passed an ordinance\u003c/a> that prohibited use of city resources in immigration enforcement efforts while limiting information sharing with federal immigration authorities.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>At a \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/NYCMayor/status/1882217228424081889\">gathering Wednesday in New York City\u003c/a>, Mayor Eric Adams, a former police officer, said city officials would “stand up for all New Yorkers, documented or undocumented” and “make sure you get the services you deserve.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In El Paso, Texas, Mayor Renard Johnson, who describes himself as nonpartisan, criticized Trump’s immigration plans to deploy U.S. troops along the southern border, which he described as “very safe.” At a public meeting this week, Renard spoke to migrant families: “You can live in peace in our communities, you can go to the schools, you can go to the churches, and you’re going to be okay.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Before President Trump took office, many local jurisdictions around the U.S. passed measures strictly limiting cooperation with U.S. immigration authorities. The Center for Immigration Studies, which advocates for tighter restrictions on migrants entering the U.S., identified \u003ca href=\"https://cis.org/Map-Sanctuary-Cities-Counties-and-States\">13 states and more than 200 cities and counties\u003c/a> with some form of “sanctuary” law or ordinance protecting migrants.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Some cities have embraced Trump’s migrant deportation plan. Huntington Beach, California, passed a measure this week declaring the community a “non-sanctuary city.”\u003ca href=\"https://www.huntingtonbeachca.gov/news_detail_T4_R263.php\"> In a statement, Mayor Pat Burns\u003c/a>, a Republican, blasted other California officials for “subverting our federal government’s enforcement of our immigration laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump administration officials have made it clear they plan to pressure local governments that don’t cooperate. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/22/nx-s1-5271541/doj-immigration-trump-memo-prosecution\">Justice Department memo\u003c/a> distributed this week said state and local officials could face prosecution if they fail to aid enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Federal law prohibits state and local actors from resisting, obstructing, and otherwise failing to comply with lawful immigration-related commands or requests,” the memo states, raising the possibility of charges for harboring immigrants without legal status or for failing to share information with immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "federal-judge-temporarily-blocks-trumps-executive-order-ending-birthright-citizenship",
"title": "Federal Judge Temporarily Blocks Trump’s Executive Order Ending Birthright Citizenship",
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"headTitle": "Federal Judge Temporarily Blocks Trump’s Executive Order Ending Birthright Citizenship | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge on Thursday temporarily blocked President Donald Trump’s executive order \u003ca style=\"font-weight: var(--font-weight-reg)\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/birthright-citizenship-immigration-trump-20919d26029cf0f98ecb0dc7f90a066b\">ending the constitutional guarantee of birthright citizenship\u003c/a> regardless of the parent’s immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge John C. Coughenour ruled in the case brought by the states of Washington, Arizona, Illinois and Oregon, which argue the 14th Amendment and Supreme Court case law have cemented birthright citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is one of \u003ca style=\"font-weight: var(--font-weight-reg)\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/birthright-citizenship-trump-executive-order-immigrants-fc7dd75ba1fb0a10f56b2a85b92dbe53\">five lawsuits being brought by 22 states\u003c/a> and a number of immigrant rights groups across the country. The suits include personal testimonies from attorneys general who are U.S. citizens by birthright and names of pregnant women who are afraid their children won’t become U.S. citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023126/california-leaders-to-sue-trump-over-birthright-citizenship-border-policies\">Rob Bonta is co-leading one of those other lawsuits\u003c/a>, which is joined by the city of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our North Star is the rule of law. And the question we ask ourselves is, ‘Is he violating the law?’” Bonta told KQED this week. “To undermine birthright citizenship without going through the process … to amend the Constitution? We will take him to court, and we believe very strongly that we will prevail. The president cannot amend the Constitution unilaterally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/what-has-trump-done-trump-executive-orders-f061fbe7f08c08d81509a6af20ef8fc0\">Signed by Trump on Inauguration Day\u003c/a>, the order is slated to take effect on Feb. 19. It could impact hundreds of thousands of people born in the country, according to one of the lawsuits. In 2022, there were about 255,000 births of citizen children to mothers living in the country illegally and about 153,000 births to two such parents, according to the four-state suit filed in Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12021919 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-47-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is among about 30 countries where birthright citizenship — the principle of jus soli or “right of the soil” — is applied. Most are in the Americas, and Canada and Mexico are among them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits argue that the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees citizenship for people born and naturalized in the U.S., and states have been interpreting the amendment that way for a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ratified in 1868 in the aftermath of the Civil War, the amendment says: “All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order asserts that the children of noncitizens are not subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and orders federal agencies not to recognize citizenship for children who don’t have at least one parent who is a citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">key case involving birthright citizenship unfolded in 1898\u003c/a>. The Supreme Court held that Wong Kim Ark, who was born in San Francisco to Chinese immigrants, was a U.S. citizen because he was born in the country. After a trip abroad, he faced being denied reentry by the federal government because he wasn’t a citizen under the Chinese Exclusion Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some advocates of immigration restrictions have argued that the case clearly applied to children born to parents who were both legal immigrants. They say it’s less clear whether it applies to children born to parents living in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s executive order prompted attorneys general to share their personal connections to birthright citizenship. Connecticut Attorney General William Tong, for instance, a U.S. citizen by birthright and the nation’s first Chinese American elected attorney general, said the lawsuit was personal to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no legitimate legal debate on this question. But the fact that Trump is dead wrong will not prevent him from inflicting serious harm right now on American families like my own,” Tong said this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the lawsuits aimed at blocking the executive order includes the case of a pregnant woman, identified as “Carmen,” who is not a citizen but has lived in the United States for more than 15 years and has a pending visa application that could lead to permanent residency status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stripping children of the ‘priceless treasure’ of citizenship is a grave injury,” the suit said. “It denies them the full membership in U.S. society to which they are entitled.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/tychehendricks\">Tyche Hendricks\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Federal Judge Temporarily Blocks Trump’s Executive Order Ending Birthright Citizenship | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge on Thursday temporarily blocked President Donald Trump’s executive order \u003ca style=\"font-weight: var(--font-weight-reg)\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/birthright-citizenship-immigration-trump-20919d26029cf0f98ecb0dc7f90a066b\">ending the constitutional guarantee of birthright citizenship\u003c/a> regardless of the parent’s immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge John C. Coughenour ruled in the case brought by the states of Washington, Arizona, Illinois and Oregon, which argue the 14th Amendment and Supreme Court case law have cemented birthright citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is one of \u003ca style=\"font-weight: var(--font-weight-reg)\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/birthright-citizenship-trump-executive-order-immigrants-fc7dd75ba1fb0a10f56b2a85b92dbe53\">five lawsuits being brought by 22 states\u003c/a> and a number of immigrant rights groups across the country. The suits include personal testimonies from attorneys general who are U.S. citizens by birthright and names of pregnant women who are afraid their children won’t become U.S. citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023126/california-leaders-to-sue-trump-over-birthright-citizenship-border-policies\">Rob Bonta is co-leading one of those other lawsuits\u003c/a>, which is joined by the city of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our North Star is the rule of law. And the question we ask ourselves is, ‘Is he violating the law?’” Bonta told KQED this week. “To undermine birthright citizenship without going through the process … to amend the Constitution? We will take him to court, and we believe very strongly that we will prevail. The president cannot amend the Constitution unilaterally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/what-has-trump-done-trump-executive-orders-f061fbe7f08c08d81509a6af20ef8fc0\">Signed by Trump on Inauguration Day\u003c/a>, the order is slated to take effect on Feb. 19. It could impact hundreds of thousands of people born in the country, according to one of the lawsuits. In 2022, there were about 255,000 births of citizen children to mothers living in the country illegally and about 153,000 births to two such parents, according to the four-state suit filed in Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is among about 30 countries where birthright citizenship — the principle of jus soli or “right of the soil” — is applied. Most are in the Americas, and Canada and Mexico are among them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits argue that the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees citizenship for people born and naturalized in the U.S., and states have been interpreting the amendment that way for a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ratified in 1868 in the aftermath of the Civil War, the amendment says: “All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order asserts that the children of noncitizens are not subject to the jurisdiction of the United States and orders federal agencies not to recognize citizenship for children who don’t have at least one parent who is a citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015449/a-129-year-old-san-francisco-lawsuit-could-stop-trump-from-ending-birthright-citizenship\">key case involving birthright citizenship unfolded in 1898\u003c/a>. The Supreme Court held that Wong Kim Ark, who was born in San Francisco to Chinese immigrants, was a U.S. citizen because he was born in the country. After a trip abroad, he faced being denied reentry by the federal government because he wasn’t a citizen under the Chinese Exclusion Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some advocates of immigration restrictions have argued that the case clearly applied to children born to parents who were both legal immigrants. They say it’s less clear whether it applies to children born to parents living in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s executive order prompted attorneys general to share their personal connections to birthright citizenship. Connecticut Attorney General William Tong, for instance, a U.S. citizen by birthright and the nation’s first Chinese American elected attorney general, said the lawsuit was personal to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no legitimate legal debate on this question. But the fact that Trump is dead wrong will not prevent him from inflicting serious harm right now on American families like my own,” Tong said this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the lawsuits aimed at blocking the executive order includes the case of a pregnant woman, identified as “Carmen,” who is not a citizen but has lived in the United States for more than 15 years and has a pending visa application that could lead to permanent residency status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Stripping children of the ‘priceless treasure’ of citizenship is a grave injury,” the suit said. “It denies them the full membership in U.S. society to which they are entitled.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/tychehendricks\">Tyche Hendricks\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "bay-area-japanese-americans-draw-on-wwii-trauma-resist-deportation-threats",
"title": "Bay Area Japanese Americans Draw on WWII Trauma to Resist Deportation Threats",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sadako Kashiwagi is haunted by the memory of her family scrambling to leave their home as her father discarded books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We could take only what we could carry. And I remember him pitching his books — he loved his books — into the fireplace because it had Japanese written on it,” said Kashiwagi, who was 8 when the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service attacked Pearl Harbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The surprise bombing launched the United States into World War II. Beginning in December 1941, the U.S. government used the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to authorize the immediate imprisonment of Japanese nationals, claiming that wartime incarceration was necessary to prevent sabotage and spying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law was used alongside \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/executive-order-9066\">Executive Order 9066\u003c/a> to force the removal and relocation of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11906015/how-japanese-americans-in-the-bay-area-are-carrying-forward-the-legacy-of-reparations\">estimated 120,000 people of Japanese descent\u003c/a>. Most of those incarcerated under the executive order were American citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Alien Enemies Act, a president can authorize the arrest, relocation or deportation of any citizen of a foreign country deemed an enemy. In addition to World War II, it has been used two other times in American history: the War of 1812 and World War I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could soon be used for massive deportation operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023316\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A drawing of Tule Lake concentration camp, made by artist Jimmy Tsutomu Mirikitani, who was also incarcerated at Tule Lake, is displayed at Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi’s home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the campaign trail, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> vowed to use the centuries-old law to expedite the removal of undocumented migrants. During his inaugural speech on Monday, he said the obscure law would be used to target drug cartels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And by invoking the Alien Enemies Act of 1798, I will direct our government to use the full and immense power of federal and state law enforcement to eliminate the presence of all foreign gang criminal networks, bringing devastating crime to U.S. soil, including our cities and inner cities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s anti-immigrant rhetoric has mobilized Japanese Americans in the Bay Area. They are forming a multigenerational resistance effort that includes building solidarity efforts with ally organizations, planning rapid response teams and doubling down on a campaign to educate the public about their community’s incarceration history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This brings back all kinds of memories, even tears,” said Kashiwagi, a 91-year-old Berkeley resident. “You don’t think I’d remember much, but it’s amazing how much I do remember.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023312\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023312\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi, 91, points to the bunker that her and her family lived in, at Tule Lake concentration camp, for four years, at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. Tule Lake became the largest of the 10 War Relocation Authority (WRA) camps. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One week before Inauguration Day, Kashiwagi and a group of Japanese American seniors gathered at J-Sei, a cultural center in Emeryville, to share musubis, baked goods and fruit — and discuss ways to prevent history from repeating. Since 2017, the group, mostly in their 80s and 90s, has met monthly as part of Let’s Talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many, like Kashiwagi, are survivors of World War II incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As usual, they shared their families’ prison camp stories and the lasting impacts of family separations and detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albany resident Geri Handa’s family, like many other families of Japanese ancestry, was separated during the war. She said family separation is relatable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That parents will be separated from their children, or they have to make the difficult decision of having to leave here and go back to Mexico, or wherever it may be, and start again,” Handa, 76, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023318\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An altar of Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi’s family members at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Let’s Talk is led by Satsuki Ina, who was born at the Tule Lake Segregation Center, which was near the Oregon border and the largest of the 10 relocation camps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, she co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://tsuruforsolidarity.org/\">Tsuru for Solidarity\u003c/a>, a Japanese American social justice advocacy group that works to end immigrant detention sites and support communities targeted by anti-immigration policies. The group started holding protests outside of immigrant detention centers during Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group, along with other Japanese American community advocates and organizers, has been vocal about the parallels between current-day anti-immigration rhetoric and wartime incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Ina, the incarceration of Japanese families burdened the community with long-lasting intergenerational trauma, something she specializes in as a licensed psychotherapist. A central part of her community work is helping Japanese American elders feel safe enough to unearth their family’s stories of detention, long a source of quiet shame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023571\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023571\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism-800x663.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism-1020x845.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism-160x133.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shizuko Ina and others wait in line to register for relocation in April 1942 in San Francisco, California. Shizuko Ina is the mother of Bay Area resident Satsuki Ina, who was born in an incarceration camp. \u003ccite>(Dorothea Lange/Library of Congress 1942)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ina has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979430/the-poet-and-the-silk-girl-a-japanese-american-story-of-love-imprisonment-and-protest\">published a memoir about her family’s survival\u003c/a>. Her mother was \u003ca href=\"https://blogs.loc.gov/picturethis/2021/05/her-name-is-shizuko-a-mothers-influence/\">photographed waiting in line\u003c/a> for a registration number by the famous documentary photographer Dorothea Lange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done many things to now get the fourth and fifth generation [of Japanese Americans] to recognize that there have been long-term impacts and that they have a stake in stopping the same injustice that was perpetrated against us back then,” said Ina, 80.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Takei, a lawyer and program director of civil liberties and community safety at the Asian Law Caucus, a San Francisco-based legal nonprofit organization, said the Alien Enemies Act spurred the vilification of Japanese immigrants like his great-grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12015449 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/20241119_BirthrightCitizenshipExplainer_GC-16_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Alien Enemies Act was used to target the\u003cem> Issei \u003c/em>generation, the immigrant generation, who had come to the United States and raised families here,” Takei said. “It creates specific authority, under certain circumstances, to detain and deport people who are designated alien enemies based purely on their ancestry in the country that they were born in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/policy-solutions/alien-enemies-act\">paper published in October\u003c/a> by the Brennan Center for Justice, a law and policy institute in New York, warned that the Alien Enemies Act is “an authority that permits summarily detaining and deporting civilians merely on the basis of their ancestry.” The paper argues that repealing the act “is crucial to preventing presidential overreach” and “ancestry-based internment and expulsion in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repeated attempts to repeal it by civil rights groups and Democratic politicians have been unsuccessful. South Bay congressman Mike Honda introduced a bill in 2010 that stalled. In recent years, he has supported efforts by Rep. Ilhan Omar (D–Minnesota) and Sen. Mazie Hirano (D–Hawaii), though their bill hasn’t gained traction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alien Enemies Act has only been used in the context of declared wars, but Takei said it is also permissible to use in the event of “any invasion or predatory incursion” against the United States. Legal experts told KQED that if it is invoked, it would be challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023314\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hiroshi Kashiwagi, Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi’s husband’s ashes rest at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025.\u003cbr>Hiroshi was also incarcerated at Tule Lake. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of this is centered around [Trump’s] rhetoric, where he talks about people coming to the United States — to build a better life here — as being invaders,” Takei said. “Whether or not it is a legally valid way of invoking the act, it certainly relies on the language of the Alien Enemy Act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriel “Jack” Chin, a law professor at UC Davis, believes Trump’s reference to the Alien Enemies Act is a strategic move to rally his anti-immigration supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are trying to sell the message that immigrants are coming here and stealing your jobs or immigrants are coming here and eating your pets — if you’re trying to wave the bloody shirt, then it’s a good title to get people riled up,” he said. “The argument that we’re being invaded and we need to take war-like measures to respond seems to be the point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inflammatory rhetoric has stirred strong emotions among many Japanese Americans, including Berkeley resident Alan Maeda. At Let’s Talk, he shared that learning more than half the country voted for such divisiveness left him fearful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel unsafe with people that don’t look like me,” Maeda, 77, said, as tears formed at the corner of his eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maeda’s grandfather was relocated because he was a religious leader. During his incarceration, his son — Maeda’s father — fought in the 100th Infantry Battalion, the first Japanese American soldiers to fight in World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like dad had to prove himself, but that’s not enough,” Maeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japanese elders, who have stepped out of their comfort zones to speak up and protest during the late stages of their lives, have inspired young people such as KC Mukai, a Yonsei or fourth-generation Japanese American. Mukai, a volunteer with Tsuru for Solidarity, is also co-chair of the Japanese American Youth Alliance, which works to empower and unite young Japanese Americans in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023190\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KC Mukai, of Berkeley, a young Japanese American activist and organizer, poses at the Japan Center Malls in San Francisco’s Japantown on Jan. 18, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our Bay Area hub has been hard at work, leaning into education and activation of our community here,” Mukai said. “We really want to rally all Japanese Americans to come together and educate themselves on know-your-rights training, how to be a sanctuary people or a sanctuary organization, and start really thinking about our role in this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mukai is helping plan the National Japanese American Historical Society’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.njahs.org/events/dor25\">2025 Bay Area Day of Remembrance\u003c/a> event, the annual commemoration of World War II incarceration. Each year, the event takes place at the AMC Kabuki 8 theater in San Francisco’s Japantown, and this year’s theme is “Carrying the Light for Justice: Neighbors Not Enemies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffery Matsuoka, chair of the event’s organizing committee, said the theme is a direct response to Trump’s threat to invoke the Alien Enemies Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to play off of that, to indicate that immigrants are not our enemies … they’re our neighbors who are embedded throughout our society,” Matsuoka said. “The great majority of immigrants are trying to seek a better life, as did our ancestors who came from Japan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023193\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KC Mukai, of Berkeley, organizes a Japanese American Youth Alliance conference at the Japan Center Malls in San Francisco’s Japantown, Jan. 18, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Takei believes the demonization of immigrants is an American tradition that needs to be challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we bend to this kind of xenophobic rhetoric — if we accept it — then it means that any ethnic group is at risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsuru for Solidarity is working with Latinx, Black and Indigenous community groups to prepare in case there’s an immediate call to action. In response to Trump’s day-one executive orders, group members are coordinating with local counties to ensure rapid response systems are in place. They are also offering their homes as safe spaces for undocumented immigrants during ICE raids and holding resiliency training to provide mental health strategies for activists and organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12023560 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-28-BL-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Tsuru for Solidarity and the Japanese Community Youth Council will host a gathering in San Francisco’s Japantown to equip Japanese Americans with concrete strategies to protect vulnerable immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about connecting with people ahead of time so that …if we need a rapid response, we already have an established communication process,” Ina said. “What often happens is the administration makes efforts to divide us and to work against each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsuru for Solidarity is also working with other Bay Area organizations, including the Interfaith Movement for Human Integrity, the Center for Empowering Refugees and Immigrants and New Light Wellness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we started, we lit the flame, and the flame’s been burning since,” Ina said, recalling Trump’s first administration when many Japanese Americans were reluctant to protest because of cultural taboos. “When us old folk showed up with our canes and hearing aids and walkers and all of our necessary equipment that drew the press, it gave us an opportunity to say why this is so important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past couple of years, Kashiwagi, a former librarian, has visited students at Oakland’s Roosevelt Middle School to share her family’s history. She told KQED that being vulnerable and telling her family’s incarceration story in public isn’t easy, but she wants to continue her family’s legacy of activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023315\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi, 91, poses for a photo at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During a recent visit to her Berkeley home, Kashiwagi walked carefully with a cane. She carries emotional and physical scars from being incarcerated. To prove it, she pulled up her shirt sleeve, revealing a scar on her wrist. It’s a reminder of when her hand accidentally went through a window while she played with her brothers during recess at Tule Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She received 20 stitches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look at it and I say, ‘Well, you know, don’t tell me I didn’t go to camp. I have proof that I did,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kashiwagi said it didn’t hurt much when she injured her wrist as a child but that her scar has become oddly sensitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s starting to itch, and it just hurts through here,” she said, tracing the white lines against the paper-thin skin of her wrist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here we go again,” she muttered. “Here we go again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "President Donald Trump’s campaign pledge to use the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to expedite deportations has rekindled trauma for Japanese Americans who were relocated and imprisoned during World War II.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sadako Kashiwagi is haunted by the memory of her family scrambling to leave their home as her father discarded books.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We could take only what we could carry. And I remember him pitching his books — he loved his books — into the fireplace because it had Japanese written on it,” said Kashiwagi, who was 8 when the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service attacked Pearl Harbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The surprise bombing launched the United States into World War II. Beginning in December 1941, the U.S. government used the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to authorize the immediate imprisonment of Japanese nationals, claiming that wartime incarceration was necessary to prevent sabotage and spying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law was used alongside \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/executive-order-9066\">Executive Order 9066\u003c/a> to force the removal and relocation of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11906015/how-japanese-americans-in-the-bay-area-are-carrying-forward-the-legacy-of-reparations\">estimated 120,000 people of Japanese descent\u003c/a>. Most of those incarcerated under the executive order were American citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Alien Enemies Act, a president can authorize the arrest, relocation or deportation of any citizen of a foreign country deemed an enemy. In addition to World War II, it has been used two other times in American history: the War of 1812 and World War I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could soon be used for massive deportation operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023316\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-30-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A drawing of Tule Lake concentration camp, made by artist Jimmy Tsutomu Mirikitani, who was also incarcerated at Tule Lake, is displayed at Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi’s home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the campaign trail, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> vowed to use the centuries-old law to expedite the removal of undocumented migrants. During his inaugural speech on Monday, he said the obscure law would be used to target drug cartels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And by invoking the Alien Enemies Act of 1798, I will direct our government to use the full and immense power of federal and state law enforcement to eliminate the presence of all foreign gang criminal networks, bringing devastating crime to U.S. soil, including our cities and inner cities,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s anti-immigrant rhetoric has mobilized Japanese Americans in the Bay Area. They are forming a multigenerational resistance effort that includes building solidarity efforts with ally organizations, planning rapid response teams and doubling down on a campaign to educate the public about their community’s incarceration history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This brings back all kinds of memories, even tears,” said Kashiwagi, a 91-year-old Berkeley resident. “You don’t think I’d remember much, but it’s amazing how much I do remember.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023312\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023312\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi, 91, points to the bunker that her and her family lived in, at Tule Lake concentration camp, for four years, at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. Tule Lake became the largest of the 10 War Relocation Authority (WRA) camps. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One week before Inauguration Day, Kashiwagi and a group of Japanese American seniors gathered at J-Sei, a cultural center in Emeryville, to share musubis, baked goods and fruit — and discuss ways to prevent history from repeating. Since 2017, the group, mostly in their 80s and 90s, has met monthly as part of Let’s Talk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many, like Kashiwagi, are survivors of World War II incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As usual, they shared their families’ prison camp stories and the lasting impacts of family separations and detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Albany resident Geri Handa’s family, like many other families of Japanese ancestry, was separated during the war. She said family separation is relatable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That parents will be separated from their children, or they have to make the difficult decision of having to leave here and go back to Mexico, or wherever it may be, and start again,” Handa, 76, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023318\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023318\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-10-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An altar of Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi’s family members at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Let’s Talk is led by Satsuki Ina, who was born at the Tule Lake Segregation Center, which was near the Oregon border and the largest of the 10 relocation camps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, she co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://tsuruforsolidarity.org/\">Tsuru for Solidarity\u003c/a>, a Japanese American social justice advocacy group that works to end immigrant detention sites and support communities targeted by anti-immigration policies. The group started holding protests outside of immigrant detention centers during Trump’s first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group, along with other Japanese American community advocates and organizers, has been vocal about the parallels between current-day anti-immigration rhetoric and wartime incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Ina, the incarceration of Japanese families burdened the community with long-lasting intergenerational trauma, something she specializes in as a licensed psychotherapist. A central part of her community work is helping Japanese American elders feel safe enough to unearth their family’s stories of detention, long a source of quiet shame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023571\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023571\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism-800x663.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism-1020x845.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/JapaneseActivism-160x133.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shizuko Ina and others wait in line to register for relocation in April 1942 in San Francisco, California. Shizuko Ina is the mother of Bay Area resident Satsuki Ina, who was born in an incarceration camp. \u003ccite>(Dorothea Lange/Library of Congress 1942)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ina has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979430/the-poet-and-the-silk-girl-a-japanese-american-story-of-love-imprisonment-and-protest\">published a memoir about her family’s survival\u003c/a>. Her mother was \u003ca href=\"https://blogs.loc.gov/picturethis/2021/05/her-name-is-shizuko-a-mothers-influence/\">photographed waiting in line\u003c/a> for a registration number by the famous documentary photographer Dorothea Lange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve done many things to now get the fourth and fifth generation [of Japanese Americans] to recognize that there have been long-term impacts and that they have a stake in stopping the same injustice that was perpetrated against us back then,” said Ina, 80.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Takei, a lawyer and program director of civil liberties and community safety at the Asian Law Caucus, a San Francisco-based legal nonprofit organization, said the Alien Enemies Act spurred the vilification of Japanese immigrants like his great-grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Alien Enemies Act was used to target the\u003cem> Issei \u003c/em>generation, the immigrant generation, who had come to the United States and raised families here,” Takei said. “It creates specific authority, under certain circumstances, to detain and deport people who are designated alien enemies based purely on their ancestry in the country that they were born in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/policy-solutions/alien-enemies-act\">paper published in October\u003c/a> by the Brennan Center for Justice, a law and policy institute in New York, warned that the Alien Enemies Act is “an authority that permits summarily detaining and deporting civilians merely on the basis of their ancestry.” The paper argues that repealing the act “is crucial to preventing presidential overreach” and “ancestry-based internment and expulsion in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Repeated attempts to repeal it by civil rights groups and Democratic politicians have been unsuccessful. South Bay congressman Mike Honda introduced a bill in 2010 that stalled. In recent years, he has supported efforts by Rep. Ilhan Omar (D–Minnesota) and Sen. Mazie Hirano (D–Hawaii), though their bill hasn’t gained traction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alien Enemies Act has only been used in the context of declared wars, but Takei said it is also permissible to use in the event of “any invasion or predatory incursion” against the United States. Legal experts told KQED that if it is invoked, it would be challenged in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023314\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-16-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hiroshi Kashiwagi, Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi’s husband’s ashes rest at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025.\u003cbr>Hiroshi was also incarcerated at Tule Lake. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“A lot of this is centered around [Trump’s] rhetoric, where he talks about people coming to the United States — to build a better life here — as being invaders,” Takei said. “Whether or not it is a legally valid way of invoking the act, it certainly relies on the language of the Alien Enemy Act.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriel “Jack” Chin, a law professor at UC Davis, believes Trump’s reference to the Alien Enemies Act is a strategic move to rally his anti-immigration supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you are trying to sell the message that immigrants are coming here and stealing your jobs or immigrants are coming here and eating your pets — if you’re trying to wave the bloody shirt, then it’s a good title to get people riled up,” he said. “The argument that we’re being invaded and we need to take war-like measures to respond seems to be the point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inflammatory rhetoric has stirred strong emotions among many Japanese Americans, including Berkeley resident Alan Maeda. At Let’s Talk, he shared that learning more than half the country voted for such divisiveness left him fearful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel unsafe with people that don’t look like me,” Maeda, 77, said, as tears formed at the corner of his eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maeda’s grandfather was relocated because he was a religious leader. During his incarceration, his son — Maeda’s father — fought in the 100th Infantry Battalion, the first Japanese American soldiers to fight in World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like dad had to prove himself, but that’s not enough,” Maeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japanese elders, who have stepped out of their comfort zones to speak up and protest during the late stages of their lives, have inspired young people such as KC Mukai, a Yonsei or fourth-generation Japanese American. Mukai, a volunteer with Tsuru for Solidarity, is also co-chair of the Japanese American Youth Alliance, which works to empower and unite young Japanese Americans in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023190\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00535-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KC Mukai, of Berkeley, a young Japanese American activist and organizer, poses at the Japan Center Malls in San Francisco’s Japantown on Jan. 18, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our Bay Area hub has been hard at work, leaning into education and activation of our community here,” Mukai said. “We really want to rally all Japanese Americans to come together and educate themselves on know-your-rights training, how to be a sanctuary people or a sanctuary organization, and start really thinking about our role in this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mukai is helping plan the National Japanese American Historical Society’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.njahs.org/events/dor25\">2025 Bay Area Day of Remembrance\u003c/a> event, the annual commemoration of World War II incarceration. Each year, the event takes place at the AMC Kabuki 8 theater in San Francisco’s Japantown, and this year’s theme is “Carrying the Light for Justice: Neighbors Not Enemies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeffery Matsuoka, chair of the event’s organizing committee, said the theme is a direct response to Trump’s threat to invoke the Alien Enemies Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to play off of that, to indicate that immigrants are not our enemies … they’re our neighbors who are embedded throughout our society,” Matsuoka said. “The great majority of immigrants are trying to seek a better life, as did our ancestors who came from Japan.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023193\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250118_Japanese-American-Activist_DMB_00664-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">KC Mukai, of Berkeley, organizes a Japanese American Youth Alliance conference at the Japan Center Malls in San Francisco’s Japantown, Jan. 18, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Takei believes the demonization of immigrants is an American tradition that needs to be challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we bend to this kind of xenophobic rhetoric — if we accept it — then it means that any ethnic group is at risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsuru for Solidarity is working with Latinx, Black and Indigenous community groups to prepare in case there’s an immediate call to action. In response to Trump’s day-one executive orders, group members are coordinating with local counties to ensure rapid response systems are in place. They are also offering their homes as safe spaces for undocumented immigrants during ICE raids and holding resiliency training to provide mental health strategies for activists and organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Tsuru for Solidarity and the Japanese Community Youth Council will host a gathering in San Francisco’s Japantown to equip Japanese Americans with concrete strategies to protect vulnerable immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about connecting with people ahead of time so that …if we need a rapid response, we already have an established communication process,” Ina said. “What often happens is the administration makes efforts to divide us and to work against each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tsuru for Solidarity is also working with other Bay Area organizations, including the Interfaith Movement for Human Integrity, the Center for Empowering Refugees and Immigrants and New Light Wellness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we started, we lit the flame, and the flame’s been burning since,” Ina said, recalling Trump’s first administration when many Japanese Americans were reluctant to protest because of cultural taboos. “When us old folk showed up with our canes and hearing aids and walkers and all of our necessary equipment that drew the press, it gave us an opportunity to say why this is so important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past couple of years, Kashiwagi, a former librarian, has visited students at Oakland’s Roosevelt Middle School to share her family’s history. She told KQED that being vulnerable and telling her family’s incarceration story in public isn’t easy, but she wants to continue her family’s legacy of activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023315\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023315\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/20250115_JapaneseAmericanActivism_GC-28-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sadako Nimura Kashiwagi, 91, poses for a photo at her home in Berkeley on Jan. 15, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During a recent visit to her Berkeley home, Kashiwagi walked carefully with a cane. She carries emotional and physical scars from being incarcerated. To prove it, she pulled up her shirt sleeve, revealing a scar on her wrist. It’s a reminder of when her hand accidentally went through a window while she played with her brothers during recess at Tule Lake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She received 20 stitches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look at it and I say, ‘Well, you know, don’t tell me I didn’t go to camp. I have proof that I did,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kashiwagi said it didn’t hurt much when she injured her wrist as a child but that her scar has become oddly sensitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s starting to itch, and it just hurts through here,” she said, tracing the white lines against the paper-thin skin of her wrist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here we go again,” she muttered. “Here we go again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "bay-area-officials-vow-uphold-sanctuary-immigrants-despite-threats-from-trump",
"title": "Bay Area Officials Vow to Uphold Sanctuary for Immigrants Despite Threats From Trump",
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"headTitle": "Bay Area Officials Vow to Uphold Sanctuary for Immigrants Despite Threats From Trump | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> continuing to call for mass deportations and his administration threatening recalcitrant state and local leaders with federal prosecution, officials in sanctuary cities like Oakland and San Francisco are preparing for the worst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a few hours after entering the Oval Office on Monday, Trump signed several executive orders on immigration, including one that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023126/california-leaders-to-sue-trump-over-birthright-citizenship-border-policies\">threatens to end birthright citizenship\u003c/a> for children whose parents are living in the U.S. without permanent legal status. Meanwhile, fears of federal raids and deportations have gripped immigrant communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite pressure from the Trump administration, officials in Oakland and San Francisco said they are committed to shielding members of the immigrant community, including those without legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever Trump says or threatens, we are a sanctuary city, and we are a sanctuary state,” state Sen. Jesse Arreguín (D–Berkeley) said Wednesday in Oakland, where officials discussed new initiatives and protections for immigrant families. “We are ready to protect our immigrant families. That’s what Oakland does as a proud sanctuary city and a place of refuge for decades, and the state of California is a committed partner in this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arreguín pointed to bills being \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023345/california-legislatures-special-session-fire-aid-trump-lawsuits-faces-1st-test\">considered in a special legislative session\u003c/a> to allocate $25 million to funding litigation against the Trump administration and another $25 million for nonprofit legal aid providers assisting Californians at risk of deportation or detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023544\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12023544 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Jesse Arreguín speaks during a press conference with leaders from community groups throughout Alameda County in the Fruitvale neighborhood of Oakland on Jan. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The efforts come amid reports of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/25501043-memorandum-from-the-acting-deputy-attorney-general-01/?mode=document\">a Justice Department memorandum\u003c/a> sent Tuesday directing the FBI’s Joint Terrorism Task Forces to take part in the enforcement of the president’s directives and instructing U.S. attorneys to \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/01/22/donald-trump-justice-department-immigration-005783\">pursue prosecutions and legal action\u003c/a> against state and local officials who resist the beefed-up immigration protocol — a veiled threat against states such as California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials passed several sanctuary laws during Trump’s first administration and frequently \u003ca href=\"https://kqed.org/news/12023094/california-has-sued-trump-123-times-heres-where-it-won-and-lost\">pushed back\u003c/a> against the president’s anti-immigrant policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12023252 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpJanuary6PardonsGetty-1020x686.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joaquín Torres, the elected assessor-recorder in San Francisco, said city officials there are also prepared to defend undocumented residents against the Trump administration’s hostile policies regardless of what federal officials threaten to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is working with community organizations to educate people on their rights and the protections they’re guaranteed through the city’s sanctuary laws, Torres said. He noted that San Francisco County has an \u003ca href=\"https://immigrants.sf.gov/help/rapid-response\">emergency hotline for immigrants\u003c/a> that is monitored 24/7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been preparing and getting information out to communities so that they can know their rights no matter what actions are taken by the federal government,” Torres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He continued: “We’re not going to fall prey to scare tactics. We are not going to allow fear to divide our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023542\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023542\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monique Berlanga, Executive Director for Centro Legal de La Raza, speaks during a press conference with leaders from community groups throughout Alameda County in the Fruitvale neighborhood of Oakland on Jan. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>East Bay officials will also revive a rapid response hotline that residents can use to report Immigration and Customs Enforcement activity or to access legal assistance, they said at Wednesday’s press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hotline will be run by a coalition of community organizations headed by the legal nonprofit Centro Legal de la Raza. According to Monique Berlanga, executive director of the group, the emergency line will be active for the next three years and will cost around $4.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County Supervisor Nikki Fortunato Bas said at the press conference that the Board of Supervisors has created a committee that specifically focuses on protecting immigrant communities in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure that we uphold our collective vision to ensure that everyone, whether you are an immigrant, a resident, undocumented or not, that you are able to go to school safely, able to seek health care services safely and able to go about your daily routine without fear,” Bas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rcooke\">Riley Cooke\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Leaders in sanctuary cities like Oakland and San Francisco outlined efforts to protect immigrant communities, even as they could draw legal action from Trump’s Justice Department.",
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"title": "Bay Area Officials Vow to Uphold Sanctuary for Immigrants Despite Threats From Trump | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> continuing to call for mass deportations and his administration threatening recalcitrant state and local leaders with federal prosecution, officials in sanctuary cities like Oakland and San Francisco are preparing for the worst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only a few hours after entering the Oval Office on Monday, Trump signed several executive orders on immigration, including one that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023126/california-leaders-to-sue-trump-over-birthright-citizenship-border-policies\">threatens to end birthright citizenship\u003c/a> for children whose parents are living in the U.S. without permanent legal status. Meanwhile, fears of federal raids and deportations have gripped immigrant communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite pressure from the Trump administration, officials in Oakland and San Francisco said they are committed to shielding members of the immigrant community, including those without legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whatever Trump says or threatens, we are a sanctuary city, and we are a sanctuary state,” state Sen. Jesse Arreguín (D–Berkeley) said Wednesday in Oakland, where officials discussed new initiatives and protections for immigrant families. “We are ready to protect our immigrant families. That’s what Oakland does as a proud sanctuary city and a place of refuge for decades, and the state of California is a committed partner in this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arreguín pointed to bills being \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12023345/california-legislatures-special-session-fire-aid-trump-lawsuits-faces-1st-test\">considered in a special legislative session\u003c/a> to allocate $25 million to funding litigation against the Trump administration and another $25 million for nonprofit legal aid providers assisting Californians at risk of deportation or detention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023544\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12023544 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-22-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Jesse Arreguín speaks during a press conference with leaders from community groups throughout Alameda County in the Fruitvale neighborhood of Oakland on Jan. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The efforts come amid reports of \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/25501043-memorandum-from-the-acting-deputy-attorney-general-01/?mode=document\">a Justice Department memorandum\u003c/a> sent Tuesday directing the FBI’s Joint Terrorism Task Forces to take part in the enforcement of the president’s directives and instructing U.S. attorneys to \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/01/22/donald-trump-justice-department-immigration-005783\">pursue prosecutions and legal action\u003c/a> against state and local officials who resist the beefed-up immigration protocol — a veiled threat against states such as California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials passed several sanctuary laws during Trump’s first administration and frequently \u003ca href=\"https://kqed.org/news/12023094/california-has-sued-trump-123-times-heres-where-it-won-and-lost\">pushed back\u003c/a> against the president’s anti-immigrant policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joaquín Torres, the elected assessor-recorder in San Francisco, said city officials there are also prepared to defend undocumented residents against the Trump administration’s hostile policies regardless of what federal officials threaten to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco is working with community organizations to educate people on their rights and the protections they’re guaranteed through the city’s sanctuary laws, Torres said. He noted that San Francisco County has an \u003ca href=\"https://immigrants.sf.gov/help/rapid-response\">emergency hotline for immigrants\u003c/a> that is monitored 24/7.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been preparing and getting information out to communities so that they can know their rights no matter what actions are taken by the federal government,” Torres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He continued: “We’re not going to fall prey to scare tactics. We are not going to allow fear to divide our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023542\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023542\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250122-OaklandImmigrants-13-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Monique Berlanga, Executive Director for Centro Legal de La Raza, speaks during a press conference with leaders from community groups throughout Alameda County in the Fruitvale neighborhood of Oakland on Jan. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>East Bay officials will also revive a rapid response hotline that residents can use to report Immigration and Customs Enforcement activity or to access legal assistance, they said at Wednesday’s press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hotline will be run by a coalition of community organizations headed by the legal nonprofit Centro Legal de la Raza. According to Monique Berlanga, executive director of the group, the emergency line will be active for the next three years and will cost around $4.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County Supervisor Nikki Fortunato Bas said at the press conference that the Board of Supervisors has created a committee that specifically focuses on protecting immigrant communities in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure that we uphold our collective vision to ensure that everyone, whether you are an immigrant, a resident, undocumented or not, that you are able to go to school safely, able to seek health care services safely and able to go about your daily routine without fear,” Bas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rcooke\">Riley Cooke\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "some-parents-weigh-school-attendance-amid-fear-of-immigration-arrests",
"title": "Some Parents Weigh School Attendance Amid Fear of Immigration Arrests",
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"content": "\u003cp>As President Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-deportation-immigration-homan-asylum-inauguration-ac10480dc636b758ab3c435b974aeb19\">cracks down on immigrants\u003c/a> in the U.S. illegally, some families are wondering if it is safe to send their children to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many districts, educators have sought to reassure immigrant parents that schools are safe places for their kids, despite the president’s campaign pledge to carry out mass deportations. But fears intensified for some when the Trump administration announced Tuesday it would allow federal immigration agencies to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-enforcement-sensitive-locations-trump-ab0d2d2652e9df696f14410ebb52a1fc\">make arrests at schools\u003c/a>, churches and hospitals, ending a policy that had been in effect since 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, dear God! I can’t imagine why they would do that,” said Carmen, an immigrant from Mexico, after hearing that the Trump administration had rescinded the policy against arrests in “sensitive locations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She took her two grandchildren, ages 6 and 4, to their school Wednesday in the San Francisco Bay Area after school officials assured her it is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What has helped calm my nerves is knowing that the school stands with us and promised to inform us if it’s not safe at school,” said Carmen, who spoke on condition that only her first name be used, out of fear she could be targeted by immigration officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants across the country have been anxious about Trump’s pledge to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-immigration-mass-deportations-kobach-kansas-1918efac421cf5772a932917757a4642\">deport millions of people\u003c/a>. While fears of raids did not come to pass on the administration’s first day, rapid changes on immigration policy have left many confused and uncertain about their future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when many migrant families — even those in the country legally — are assessing whether and how to go about in public, many school systems are watching for effects on \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-school-deportation-9747be35d2eb109693930f114f148b94\">student attendance\u003c/a>. Several schools said they were fielding calls from worried parents about rumors that immigration agents would try to enter schools, but it was too early to tell whether large numbers of families are keeping their children home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missing school can deprive students of more than learning. For students from low-income families, including many immigrants, schools are a primary way to access \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/school-lunch-fees-usda-bbe8dcf809018369e561613585c18a43\">food\u003c/a>, mental health services and other support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s move to clear the way for arrests at schools reverses guidance that restricted two federal agencies — Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Customs and Border Protection — from carrying out enforcement in sensitive locations. In a statement, the Department of Homeland Security said: “Criminals will no longer be able to hide in America’s schools and churches to avoid arrest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniela Anello, who heads D.C. Bilingual Public Charter School in the nation’s capital, said she was shocked by the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s horrific,” Anello said. “There’s no such thing as hiding anyone. It doesn’t happen, hasn’t happened. … It’s ridiculous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/data/unauthorized-immigrant-population/state/US\">733,000 school-aged children\u003c/a> are in the U.S. illegally, according to the Migration Policy Institute. Many more have U.S. citizenship but have parents who are in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Schools work to reassure parents\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Education officials in some states and districts have vowed to stand up for immigrant students, including their \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-students-education-plyler-d16e72263e68fd7fa12991ae5057897d\">right to a public education\u003c/a>. In California, for one, officials have offered guidance to schools on state law limiting local participation in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpsboe.org/content/actions/2024_11s/24-1114-RS2.pdf\">resolution (PDF)\u003c/a> passed by Chicago Public Schools’ Board of Education in November said schools would not assist ICE in enforcing immigration law. Agents would not be allowed into schools without a criminal warrant, it said. And New York City principals last month were reminded by the district of policies including one against collecting information on a student’s immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the case everywhere. Many districts have not offered any reassurances for immigrant families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators at Georgia Fugees Academy Charter School have learned even students and families in the country legally are intimidated by Trump’s wide-ranging proposals to deport millions of immigrants and roll back non-citizens’ rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not even at risk of deportation and they’re still scared,” Chief Operating Officer Luma Mufleh said. Officials at the small Atlanta charter school focused on serving refugees and immigrants expected so many students to miss school the day after Trump took office that educators accelerated the school’s exam schedule so students wouldn’t miss important tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked on Tuesday for attendance data, school officials did not feel comfortable sharing it. “We don’t want our school to be targeted,“ Mufleh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy on immigration enforcement at schools likely will prompt some immigrant parents who fear deportation to keep their children home, even if they face little risk, said Michael Lukens, executive director for the Amica Center for Immigrant Rights. He said he believes it’s part of the administration’s goal to make life so untenable that immigrants eventually leave the United States on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many U.S. adults are on board with the idea of undertaking some targeted deportations, a shift toward arresting people in the country illegally at places like schools would be \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-poll-deportation-trump-border-security-40b2a28e34f8d0c76b4a6589f3db1ba3\">highly unpopular\u003c/a>, according to a survey from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research. It found only about 2 in 10 U.S. adults somewhat or strongly favor arresting children who are in the country illegally while they are at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Some parents see school as one of the last safe places\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Iris Gonzalez in Boston, schools seem like just about the only safe place for her to go as someone in the country illegally. She’s had children in Boston schools for nearly a decade and she doesn’t expect anyone there to bother her or her daughters for proof they’re here legally. So her children will keep going to school. “Education is important,” she said in Spanish.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12020308,news_12023167,forum_2010101908347\"]Gonzalez, who came to the U.S. from Guatemala illegally 14 years ago, does worry about entering a courthouse or driving, even though she has a license. “What if they stop me?” she wonders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t sleep,” she said. “There’s a lot of uncertainty about how to look for work, whether to keep driving and what’s going to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen, the Mexican grandmother who now lives in California, said returning home is not an option for her family, which faced threats after her son-in-law was kidnapped two years from their home in Michoacan state, an area overrun with drug trafficking gangs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her family arrived two years ago under former President Joe Biden’s program allowing asylum-seekers to enter the U.S. and then apply for permission to stay. Following his inauguration Monday, Trump promptly \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-deportation-immigration-homan-asylum-inauguration-ac10480dc636b758ab3c435b974aeb19\">shut down the CBP One app\u003c/a> that processed these and other arrivals and has promised to “end asylum” during his presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen has had several hearings on her asylum request, which has not yet been granted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My biggest fear is that we don’t have anywhere to go back to,” she said. “It’s about saving our lives. And protecting our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Many migrants’ fears intensified when the Trump administration announced Tuesday it would allow federal immigration agencies to make arrests at schools, churches and hospitals, ending a policy that had been in effect since 2011.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As President Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-deportation-immigration-homan-asylum-inauguration-ac10480dc636b758ab3c435b974aeb19\">cracks down on immigrants\u003c/a> in the U.S. illegally, some families are wondering if it is safe to send their children to school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many districts, educators have sought to reassure immigrant parents that schools are safe places for their kids, despite the president’s campaign pledge to carry out mass deportations. But fears intensified for some when the Trump administration announced Tuesday it would allow federal immigration agencies to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-enforcement-sensitive-locations-trump-ab0d2d2652e9df696f14410ebb52a1fc\">make arrests at schools\u003c/a>, churches and hospitals, ending a policy that had been in effect since 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, dear God! I can’t imagine why they would do that,” said Carmen, an immigrant from Mexico, after hearing that the Trump administration had rescinded the policy against arrests in “sensitive locations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She took her two grandchildren, ages 6 and 4, to their school Wednesday in the San Francisco Bay Area after school officials assured her it is safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What has helped calm my nerves is knowing that the school stands with us and promised to inform us if it’s not safe at school,” said Carmen, who spoke on condition that only her first name be used, out of fear she could be targeted by immigration officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants across the country have been anxious about Trump’s pledge to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-immigration-mass-deportations-kobach-kansas-1918efac421cf5772a932917757a4642\">deport millions of people\u003c/a>. While fears of raids did not come to pass on the administration’s first day, rapid changes on immigration policy have left many confused and uncertain about their future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when many migrant families — even those in the country legally — are assessing whether and how to go about in public, many school systems are watching for effects on \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-school-deportation-9747be35d2eb109693930f114f148b94\">student attendance\u003c/a>. Several schools said they were fielding calls from worried parents about rumors that immigration agents would try to enter schools, but it was too early to tell whether large numbers of families are keeping their children home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Missing school can deprive students of more than learning. For students from low-income families, including many immigrants, schools are a primary way to access \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/school-lunch-fees-usda-bbe8dcf809018369e561613585c18a43\">food\u003c/a>, mental health services and other support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday’s move to clear the way for arrests at schools reverses guidance that restricted two federal agencies — Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Customs and Border Protection — from carrying out enforcement in sensitive locations. In a statement, the Department of Homeland Security said: “Criminals will no longer be able to hide in America’s schools and churches to avoid arrest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniela Anello, who heads D.C. Bilingual Public Charter School in the nation’s capital, said she was shocked by the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s horrific,” Anello said. “There’s no such thing as hiding anyone. It doesn’t happen, hasn’t happened. … It’s ridiculous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/data/unauthorized-immigrant-population/state/US\">733,000 school-aged children\u003c/a> are in the U.S. illegally, according to the Migration Policy Institute. Many more have U.S. citizenship but have parents who are in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Schools work to reassure parents\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Education officials in some states and districts have vowed to stand up for immigrant students, including their \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-students-education-plyler-d16e72263e68fd7fa12991ae5057897d\">right to a public education\u003c/a>. In California, for one, officials have offered guidance to schools on state law limiting local participation in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.cpsboe.org/content/actions/2024_11s/24-1114-RS2.pdf\">resolution (PDF)\u003c/a> passed by Chicago Public Schools’ Board of Education in November said schools would not assist ICE in enforcing immigration law. Agents would not be allowed into schools without a criminal warrant, it said. And New York City principals last month were reminded by the district of policies including one against collecting information on a student’s immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the case everywhere. Many districts have not offered any reassurances for immigrant families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Educators at Georgia Fugees Academy Charter School have learned even students and families in the country legally are intimidated by Trump’s wide-ranging proposals to deport millions of immigrants and roll back non-citizens’ rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not even at risk of deportation and they’re still scared,” Chief Operating Officer Luma Mufleh said. Officials at the small Atlanta charter school focused on serving refugees and immigrants expected so many students to miss school the day after Trump took office that educators accelerated the school’s exam schedule so students wouldn’t miss important tests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked on Tuesday for attendance data, school officials did not feel comfortable sharing it. “We don’t want our school to be targeted,“ Mufleh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy on immigration enforcement at schools likely will prompt some immigrant parents who fear deportation to keep their children home, even if they face little risk, said Michael Lukens, executive director for the Amica Center for Immigrant Rights. He said he believes it’s part of the administration’s goal to make life so untenable that immigrants eventually leave the United States on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many U.S. adults are on board with the idea of undertaking some targeted deportations, a shift toward arresting people in the country illegally at places like schools would be \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-poll-deportation-trump-border-security-40b2a28e34f8d0c76b4a6589f3db1ba3\">highly unpopular\u003c/a>, according to a survey from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research. It found only about 2 in 10 U.S. adults somewhat or strongly favor arresting children who are in the country illegally while they are at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Some parents see school as one of the last safe places\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For Iris Gonzalez in Boston, schools seem like just about the only safe place for her to go as someone in the country illegally. She’s had children in Boston schools for nearly a decade and she doesn’t expect anyone there to bother her or her daughters for proof they’re here legally. So her children will keep going to school. “Education is important,” she said in Spanish.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Gonzalez, who came to the U.S. from Guatemala illegally 14 years ago, does worry about entering a courthouse or driving, even though she has a license. “What if they stop me?” she wonders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t sleep,” she said. “There’s a lot of uncertainty about how to look for work, whether to keep driving and what’s going to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen, the Mexican grandmother who now lives in California, said returning home is not an option for her family, which faced threats after her son-in-law was kidnapped two years from their home in Michoacan state, an area overrun with drug trafficking gangs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her family arrived two years ago under former President Joe Biden’s program allowing asylum-seekers to enter the U.S. and then apply for permission to stay. Following his inauguration Monday, Trump promptly \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-deportation-immigration-homan-asylum-inauguration-ac10480dc636b758ab3c435b974aeb19\">shut down the CBP One app\u003c/a> that processed these and other arrivals and has promised to “end asylum” during his presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen has had several hearings on her asylum request, which has not yet been granted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My biggest fear is that we don’t have anywhere to go back to,” she said. “It’s about saving our lives. And protecting our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-leaders-to-sue-trump-over-birthright-citizenship-border-policies",
"title": "California Takes Aim at Trump’s ‘Un-American’ Citizenship Order in New Lawsuit",
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"headTitle": "California Takes Aim at Trump’s ‘Un-American’ Citizenship Order in New Lawsuit | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:53 a.m. Tuesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> Attorney General Rob Bonta on Tuesday morning filed a lawsuit challenging President Donald Trump’s plan to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/protecting-the-meaning-and-value-of-american-citizenship/\">stop recognizing birthright citizenship\u003c/a> for children born in the U.S. to parents who are not citizens or lawful permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit asks the court for a preliminary injunction to immediately block Trump’s executive order from taking effect, Bonta said at a press conference in San Francisco, saying the order flouts over 125 years of settled legal precedent. It is also being led by the attorneys general from Massachusetts and New Jersey, and is joined by those from 15 other states and Washington, as well as the city attorney of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It marks the first lawsuit filed against the new Trump administration by California, which has promised to serve as a bulwark against actions that state officials see as unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am deeply disappointed that we’re here one day into the new administration and also not at all surprised,” Bonta said at the press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump is following through on a campaign promise,” he continued. “Today, I’m also following through on a promise to take action if Trump violates the law and infringes on our rights, on your rights, as he did today with what is frankly an un-American executive order. I have one message for President Trump: I’ll see you in court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12023242 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attorney General Rob Bonta (second from right), City Attorney David Chiu (center), Gabriel Medina from La Raza Immigration Services, and others, at a press conference on Tuesday, Jan 21, 2025, to announce preliminary injunction against President Donald Trump’s birthright citizenship order. \u003ccite>(Gilare Zada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Noting the century-plus of Supreme Court precedent, Bonta said the questions around birthright citizenship were “done and dusted.” “Of course, to Trump, law and order, judicial precedents, constitutional rights have little bearing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, state political leaders and immigrant advocates are also considering lawsuits over Trump’s directive to use the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/declaring-a-national-emergency-at-the-southern-border-of-the-united-states/\">military for immigration enforcement\u003c/a> and border security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those measures are part of a raft of executive actions Trump signed Monday addressing immigration and border security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta told KQED on Monday that his office has spent months preparing and coordinating with Democratic attorneys general from other states and advocacy organizations within California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12015449 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/20241119_BirthrightCitizenshipExplainer_GC-16_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our North Star is the rule of law. And the question we ask ourselves is, ‘Is he violating the law?’” Bonta said. “To undermine birthright citizenship without going through the process … to amend the Constitution? We will take him to court, and we believe very strongly that we will prevail. The president cannot amend the Constitution unilaterally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta pointed out that it was a San Francisco-born son of Chinese immigrants, Wong Kim Ark, who sued all the way to the Supreme Court in 1898 when his citizenship was challenged at the border. \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/supreme-court-case-library/united-states-v-wong-kim-ark-1898\">His case set the precedent establishing birthright citizenship\u003c/a> under the 14th Amendment of the Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s very much a California story and a Bay Area story,” Bonta said. “It’s obviously now impacting millions of people who enjoy birthright citizenship from a lot of different heritages and national origins.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Attorney David Chiu, who joined the lawsuit, spoke Tuesday about Wong’s case and said “The story of birthright citizenship is as San Francisco as they come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To deny some children the basic rights that other children in our country have will create a permanent, multi-generational underclass of those who will have been born in our country but will never have lived anywhere else and be effectively stateless,” Chiu said. “These children will not be able to naturalize or obtain citizenship from another country. They will live under constant threat of deportation. And as they age, they won’t be able to work lawfully or vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12009320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12009320\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Attorney David Chiu speaks during a press conference at City Hall in San Francisco on Aug. 15, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to the “personal chaos” that Chiu said Trump’s order would create for the immigrant community, he noted that it would lead to the loss of federal funding for public benefits programs like food stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such funding is based in part on the number of eligible recipients, and “without Social Security numbers, San Francisco cannot verify otherwise eligible newborns who qualify for these programs,” Chiu said, although the city “will still have to bear the inherent costs of caring for our residents, whether or not they have Social Security numbers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta added that his office will be reviewing the president’s order to use the military for immigration enforcement and deciding whether to challenge it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Asian Law Caucus joined the American Civil Liberties Union and other groups to \u003ca href=\"https://statedemocracydefenders.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/birthright-final-complaint.pdf\">file a lawsuit\u003c/a> over Trump’s birthright citizenship order on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aarti Kohli, the Asian Law Caucus’ executive director, said her organization is determined to protect the civil rights of Bay Area immigrants and their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re born here, you are a citizen — period. No politician, including President Trump, can decide who is American and who is not,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11936087\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/GettyImages-915911080-e1737482651615.jpg\" alt=\"A border patrol vehicle in partial view behind a tall border fence.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A US Border Patrol vehicle sits parked next to a secondary fence along the US-Mexico border in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Daniel Acker/Bloomberg via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kohli said she was also alarmed by the possibility that Trump could invoke the Alien Enemies Act, a 1798 law that allows the deportation of foreign nationals of a country at war with the U.S., to go after immigrant gang members, something he pledged in his inaugural address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The act was last used during World War II to imprison Japanese, German and Italian immigrants, a move the federal government later repudiated as discriminatory. In 1983, the Asian Law Caucus helped overturn the conviction of \u003ca href=\"https://korematsuinstitute.org\">Fred Korematsu\u003c/a>, an Oakland man who refused the U.S. Army’s order to go into an incarceration camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen this playbook before — using national security as a pretext to target specific communities,” Kohli said. “History shows that harsh immigration policies don’t make us safer or more prosperous. They destabilize communities, hurt local businesses that depend on immigrant workers and divert resources from addressing genuine public safety concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent weeks, Bonta has been touring the state to spread the word about the state’s “sanctuary laws,” such as the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">2017 California Values Act\u003c/a>, which limit local law enforcement and public resources from being used to assist the federal government in immigration enforcement.[aside postID=news_12023124 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/DonaldTrumpInaugurationAP-1020x680.jpg']State laws don’t prevent immigration enforcement agencies from operating in California, and the U.S. Border Patrol arrested 78 people in Kern County last week. The incident sparked fear in immigrant communities, and some agricultural workers reportedly stayed away from their jobs for days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Masih Fouladi, executive director of the California Immigrant Policy Center, said his organization is working with other groups to offer “know your rights” workshops to immigrants who may lack legal status. Among other things, he counsels immigrants not to open the door for immigration agents unless they can produce a judicial warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fouladi said he is concerned that Trump’s declaration of a national emergency at the border to mobilize military resources could lead to mistreatment of migrants and violations of their rights, similar to what occurred when the first Trump administration declared a “zero tolerance” policy, which led to migrant children being forcibly separated from their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those types of policies the last time around were so dehumanizing that tore families apart and led to family separation,” he said. “We will be working with local and state elected officials to see how we can make sure that families, at least here in California, are as protected as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump rescinded a number of former President Joe Biden’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/initial-rescissions-of-harmful-executive-orders-and-actions/\">executive orders on immigration\u003c/a>, including measures to coordinate with other countries in addressing the causes of migration, reunify separated migrant families and rebuild the refugee resettlement program dismantled during the first Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also signed presidential actions to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Halt refugee admissions for at least four months.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Prosecute unauthorized immigrants.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Hold more unauthorized immigrants in detention until they are deported.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Terminate Biden-era humanitarian parole protections to certain migrants from countries including Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua and Venezuela, as well as those vetted at border appointments scheduled with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/about/mobile-apps-directory/cbpone\">CBP One smartphone app\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Continue the wall on the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Designate cartels as terrorist organizations.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reinstate the “Remain in Mexico” policy of his first term, which required asylum seekers to await their immigration court hearings outside the U.S.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Establish new Homeland Security task forces in every state, with local as well as federal law enforcement participation, a move that would challenge California’s sanctuary laws.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"headline": "California Takes Aim at Trump’s ‘Un-American’ Citizenship Order in New Lawsuit",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 11:53 a.m. Tuesday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> Attorney General Rob Bonta on Tuesday morning filed a lawsuit challenging President Donald Trump’s plan to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/protecting-the-meaning-and-value-of-american-citizenship/\">stop recognizing birthright citizenship\u003c/a> for children born in the U.S. to parents who are not citizens or lawful permanent residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit asks the court for a preliminary injunction to immediately block Trump’s executive order from taking effect, Bonta said at a press conference in San Francisco, saying the order flouts over 125 years of settled legal precedent. It is also being led by the attorneys general from Massachusetts and New Jersey, and is joined by those from 15 other states and Washington, as well as the city attorney of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It marks the first lawsuit filed against the new Trump administration by California, which has promised to serve as a bulwark against actions that state officials see as unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am deeply disappointed that we’re here one day into the new administration and also not at all surprised,” Bonta said at the press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Trump is following through on a campaign promise,” he continued. “Today, I’m also following through on a promise to take action if Trump violates the law and infringes on our rights, on your rights, as he did today with what is frankly an un-American executive order. I have one message for President Trump: I’ll see you in court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12023242 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/Presser_IMG_5746-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attorney General Rob Bonta (second from right), City Attorney David Chiu (center), Gabriel Medina from La Raza Immigration Services, and others, at a press conference on Tuesday, Jan 21, 2025, to announce preliminary injunction against President Donald Trump’s birthright citizenship order. \u003ccite>(Gilare Zada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Noting the century-plus of Supreme Court precedent, Bonta said the questions around birthright citizenship were “done and dusted.” “Of course, to Trump, law and order, judicial precedents, constitutional rights have little bearing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, state political leaders and immigrant advocates are also considering lawsuits over Trump’s directive to use the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/declaring-a-national-emergency-at-the-southern-border-of-the-united-states/\">military for immigration enforcement\u003c/a> and border security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those measures are part of a raft of executive actions Trump signed Monday addressing immigration and border security.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta told KQED on Monday that his office has spent months preparing and coordinating with Democratic attorneys general from other states and advocacy organizations within California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our North Star is the rule of law. And the question we ask ourselves is, ‘Is he violating the law?’” Bonta said. “To undermine birthright citizenship without going through the process … to amend the Constitution? We will take him to court, and we believe very strongly that we will prevail. The president cannot amend the Constitution unilaterally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta pointed out that it was a San Francisco-born son of Chinese immigrants, Wong Kim Ark, who sued all the way to the Supreme Court in 1898 when his citizenship was challenged at the border. \u003ca href=\"https://constitutioncenter.org/the-constitution/supreme-court-case-library/united-states-v-wong-kim-ark-1898\">His case set the precedent establishing birthright citizenship\u003c/a> under the 14th Amendment of the Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s very much a California story and a Bay Area story,” Bonta said. “It’s obviously now impacting millions of people who enjoy birthright citizenship from a lot of different heritages and national origins.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Attorney David Chiu, who joined the lawsuit, spoke Tuesday about Wong’s case and said “The story of birthright citizenship is as San Francisco as they come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To deny some children the basic rights that other children in our country have will create a permanent, multi-generational underclass of those who will have been born in our country but will never have lived anywhere else and be effectively stateless,” Chiu said. “These children will not be able to naturalize or obtain citizenship from another country. They will live under constant threat of deportation. And as they age, they won’t be able to work lawfully or vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12009320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12009320\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/240815-CityAttorneyDeepfakes-10-BL_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">City Attorney David Chiu speaks during a press conference at City Hall in San Francisco on Aug. 15, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In addition to the “personal chaos” that Chiu said Trump’s order would create for the immigrant community, he noted that it would lead to the loss of federal funding for public benefits programs like food stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such funding is based in part on the number of eligible recipients, and “without Social Security numbers, San Francisco cannot verify otherwise eligible newborns who qualify for these programs,” Chiu said, although the city “will still have to bear the inherent costs of caring for our residents, whether or not they have Social Security numbers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta added that his office will be reviewing the president’s order to use the military for immigration enforcement and deciding whether to challenge it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s Asian Law Caucus joined the American Civil Liberties Union and other groups to \u003ca href=\"https://statedemocracydefenders.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/birthright-final-complaint.pdf\">file a lawsuit\u003c/a> over Trump’s birthright citizenship order on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aarti Kohli, the Asian Law Caucus’ executive director, said her organization is determined to protect the civil rights of Bay Area immigrants and their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re born here, you are a citizen — period. No politician, including President Trump, can decide who is American and who is not,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11936087\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11936087\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/12/GettyImages-915911080-e1737482651615.jpg\" alt=\"A border patrol vehicle in partial view behind a tall border fence.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A US Border Patrol vehicle sits parked next to a secondary fence along the US-Mexico border in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Daniel Acker/Bloomberg via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kohli said she was also alarmed by the possibility that Trump could invoke the Alien Enemies Act, a 1798 law that allows the deportation of foreign nationals of a country at war with the U.S., to go after immigrant gang members, something he pledged in his inaugural address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The act was last used during World War II to imprison Japanese, German and Italian immigrants, a move the federal government later repudiated as discriminatory. In 1983, the Asian Law Caucus helped overturn the conviction of \u003ca href=\"https://korematsuinstitute.org\">Fred Korematsu\u003c/a>, an Oakland man who refused the U.S. Army’s order to go into an incarceration camp.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve seen this playbook before — using national security as a pretext to target specific communities,” Kohli said. “History shows that harsh immigration policies don’t make us safer or more prosperous. They destabilize communities, hurt local businesses that depend on immigrant workers and divert resources from addressing genuine public safety concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent weeks, Bonta has been touring the state to spread the word about the state’s “sanctuary laws,” such as the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">2017 California Values Act\u003c/a>, which limit local law enforcement and public resources from being used to assist the federal government in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>State laws don’t prevent immigration enforcement agencies from operating in California, and the U.S. Border Patrol arrested 78 people in Kern County last week. The incident sparked fear in immigrant communities, and some agricultural workers reportedly stayed away from their jobs for days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Masih Fouladi, executive director of the California Immigrant Policy Center, said his organization is working with other groups to offer “know your rights” workshops to immigrants who may lack legal status. Among other things, he counsels immigrants not to open the door for immigration agents unless they can produce a judicial warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fouladi said he is concerned that Trump’s declaration of a national emergency at the border to mobilize military resources could lead to mistreatment of migrants and violations of their rights, similar to what occurred when the first Trump administration declared a “zero tolerance” policy, which led to migrant children being forcibly separated from their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those types of policies the last time around were so dehumanizing that tore families apart and led to family separation,” he said. “We will be working with local and state elected officials to see how we can make sure that families, at least here in California, are as protected as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Trump rescinded a number of former President Joe Biden’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/initial-rescissions-of-harmful-executive-orders-and-actions/\">executive orders on immigration\u003c/a>, including measures to coordinate with other countries in addressing the causes of migration, reunify separated migrant families and rebuild the refugee resettlement program dismantled during the first Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also signed presidential actions to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Halt refugee admissions for at least four months.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Prosecute unauthorized immigrants.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Hold more unauthorized immigrants in detention until they are deported.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Terminate Biden-era humanitarian parole protections to certain migrants from countries including Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua and Venezuela, as well as those vetted at border appointments scheduled with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/about/mobile-apps-directory/cbpone\">CBP One smartphone app\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Continue the wall on the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Designate cartels as terrorist organizations.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Reinstate the “Remain in Mexico” policy of his first term, which required asylum seekers to await their immigration court hearings outside the U.S.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Establish new Homeland Security task forces in every state, with local as well as federal law enforcement participation, a move that would challenge California’s sanctuary laws.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Trump Wants to Deport Immigrants Accused of Crimes. California Sheriffs Could Play a Key Role",
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"headTitle": "Trump Wants to Deport Immigrants Accused of Crimes. California Sheriffs Could Play a Key Role | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California sheriffs once again find themselves navigating a difficult political calculus on immigration as President \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> begins his second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can enforce a state sanctuary law that some of them personally oppose, or they can roll out the welcome mat to federal immigration enforcement authorities whom Trump has promised will carry out the largest deportation program in American history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some California sheriffs have pledged not to cooperate with federal immigration enforcement authorities, based on their own policies or laws passed by their counties, and will forbid immigration agents from using county personnel, property or databases without a federal warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others said that while California law prevents direct cooperation with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, immigration authorities are free to use their jail websites and fingerprints databases to identify people of interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Several state leaders would prefer we do not have any communication with ICE, however, that is not what (the laws) say,” said Fresno County Sheriff John Zanoni. “ICE may access jail bookings through our public website and fingerprint information put into the national database to identify any incarcerated persons of interest to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And one sheriff, Chad Bianco of Riverside County, said he would work around California law, if he could, to ensure more people are deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalMatters attempted to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/01/california-sheriffs-immigration-ice-tracker/\">contact all 58 sheriff’s offices in California\u003c/a>. Twenty-seven responded by Friday afternoon. Most sheriffs who responded simply said they will follow state law, spelled out in a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">bill passed during the first Trump administration\u003c/a> that limited California law enforcement participation in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Trump’s inauguration today, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/01/kern-county-immigration-sweep/\">immigration raids in the Central Valley\u003c/a> earlier this month already had undocumented migrants and their families concerned about massive enforcement sweeps on immigrant-dependent industries like agriculture. Trump and cabinet officials from his first term have \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/the-lede/how-sheriffs-might-power-trumps-deportation-machine\">pledged “targeted arrests”\u003c/a> of undocumented people, and view local law enforcement as “force multipliers” of that effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California sheriffs could play an influential role in determining whether someone gets arrested and deported because they manage the state’s local jail system, where people suspected of committing crimes are held while awaiting trial. A bill named after a slain Georgia nursing student that is expected to pass in Congress could enhance sheriffs’ sway over \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/immigration/\">immigration enforcement\u003c/a> by prioritizing deportations of undocumented immigrants \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/01/17/laken-riley-act-clears-critical-senate-hurdle\">arrested on suspicion of burglary\u003c/a> and shoplifting, regardless of whether they’re convicted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of sheriffs who responded to a CalMatters inquiry said they were balancing their duties with their need for cooperation from frightened immigrant communities. They worry those communities will shun all law enforcement if they fear deportation based on their immigration status alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t know how many calls I’ve gotten from Hispanics in my area that I’ve known, I’ve grown up with, they’re all worried about family members,” said Mendocino County Sheriff Matt Kendall. “I’ve got in-laws through my children calling me because they’re concerned, but let’s look at the ability to actually enforce this crap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hell, I’ve got 50 deputies and I can barely keep a lid on crime in a county of 90,000. How are these guys coming out here with all of this ‘We’re gonna deport 10 million people’ or something. No, that’s ridiculous. It’s not gonna happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall said he undoubtedly has people in his community who have committed serious crimes and are also undocumented, and wants those people arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they want to go out and deport all the criminals, knock yourselves out, but let’s pick and choose what’s important and what is not,”he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One consistent theme: Every sheriff who responded to CalMatters said immigration enforcement isn’t their job. But some of them went further, pledging not to honor immigration holds, while others said they will neither “prevent nor hinder” immigration enforcement agents from doing their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sanctuary law divided California sheriffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Gov. Jerry Brown signed legislation making California \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/general-news-5b325d95a9c548e29b887de8b2303b76%20California%20becomes%20sanctuary%20state%20as%20governor%20signs%20bill\">a sanctuary state\u003c/a> in 2017, barring police from inquiring about people’s immigration status and participating in federal immigration enforcement, the reaction from the Trump administration was immediate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration cut off hundreds of millions of dollars in law enforcement grants to sanctuary cities that limited cooperation with federal immigration authorities. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/exclusive-us-justice-department-ends-trump-era-limits-grants-sanctuary-cities-2021-04-28/\">Biden administration restored the grants\u003c/a> in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California sheriffs were outspoken critics of the sanctuary law during Trump’s previous presidency. A group of San Joaquin Valley sheriffs traveled with Trump to the border in 2019, where they endorsed his immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12023106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux, said he doesn’t agree with California’s sanctuary law, and said any governor who supports it should be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Boudreaux said he wants to distinguish between targeted enforcement of “felonious” people, which he supports, and massive immigration raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, if they come into the area saying, ‘Hey, we’re just going to scoop up as many people as we can that are here illegally,’ we’re not going to do that, because (we) have a community to serve,” Boudreaux said. “If you can separate the difference between that, you should be able to see what I mean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boudreaux pledged to keep working with federal immigration authorities within the parameters of California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(If) I have a federal counterpart that comes into my county asking for assistance, I’m going to give it to them,” Boudreaux said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bianco, the Riverside County sheriff and one of Trump’s most outspoken allies in California, took office in 2019. Now, Bianco said he’s ready to work around state law to step up immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will do everything in my power to make sure I keep the residents of Riverside County safe,” Bianco \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxla.com/news/how-local-sheriffs-plan-trumps-immigration-policy\">said to KTTV-TV in November\u003c/a>. “If that involves working somehow around (California’s sanctuary law) with ICE so we can deport these people victimizing us and our residents, you can be 100% sure I’m going to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigrant advocates watching sheriffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Eva Bitran, Immigrants’ Rights project coordinator at the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California, said her organization would be watching for violations of the state sanctuary law, which would typically involve police calling federal immigration authorities at jails or during arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what happened to Daniel Valenzuela in 2019, when Corona police interrogated him about his immigration status during a traffic stop, then transferred him to U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents. Valenzuela was then deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU sued the city of Corona, which paid Valenzuela a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/press-releases/city-corona-pay-settlement-man-turned-over-border-agents\">$35,000 settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our expectation is that the sheriffs will follow the law,” Bitran said. “We will be watching to ensure they do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023107\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants wait to receive toiletry items at Moviemiento Juventud 2000 in Tijuana on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2020, Los Angeles County banned the warrantless transfer of inmates to immigration enforcement custody. Los Angeles County Sheriff Robert Luna said his department does not honor immigration detainers unless presented with a federal warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='immigration' label='More Immigration Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2018 and 2023, the last date for which data was available, there were \u003ca href=\"https://data-openjustice.doj.ca.gov/sites/default/files/dataset/2024-07/SB54%20Transfers%202018-2023_07022024.csv\">4,192 transfers of people\u003c/a> from California jails to immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s street enforcement that has people worried in both the Central Valley and downtown Oakland, where the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office is already trying to tamp down rumors of immigration raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to assure you that this information is false,” said Alameda County Sheriff’s Sgt. Roberto Morales. “This information has caused panic and anxiety in our communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we respect criminal warrants issued by a judge, Sheriff’s Office personnel do not comply with administrative immigration warrants. Importantly, we believe that local law enforcement involvement in ICE deportation operations undermines our community policing strategies and depletes local resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters reporter Cayla Mihalovich contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Donald Trump wants to deport undocumented immigrants arrested on suspicion of various crimes. That could put sheriffs overseeing California jails in conflict with the state’s sanctuary law.",
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"title": "Trump Wants to Deport Immigrants Accused of Crimes. California Sheriffs Could Play a Key Role | KQED",
"description": "President Donald Trump wants to deport undocumented immigrants arrested on suspicion of various crimes. That could put sheriffs overseeing California jails in conflict with the state’s sanctuary law.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California sheriffs once again find themselves navigating a difficult political calculus on immigration as President \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> begins his second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can enforce a state sanctuary law that some of them personally oppose, or they can roll out the welcome mat to federal immigration enforcement authorities whom Trump has promised will carry out the largest deportation program in American history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some California sheriffs have pledged not to cooperate with federal immigration enforcement authorities, based on their own policies or laws passed by their counties, and will forbid immigration agents from using county personnel, property or databases without a federal warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others said that while California law prevents direct cooperation with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, immigration authorities are free to use their jail websites and fingerprints databases to identify people of interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Several state leaders would prefer we do not have any communication with ICE, however, that is not what (the laws) say,” said Fresno County Sheriff John Zanoni. “ICE may access jail bookings through our public website and fingerprint information put into the national database to identify any incarcerated persons of interest to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And one sheriff, Chad Bianco of Riverside County, said he would work around California law, if he could, to ensure more people are deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CalMatters attempted to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/01/california-sheriffs-immigration-ice-tracker/\">contact all 58 sheriff’s offices in California\u003c/a>. Twenty-seven responded by Friday afternoon. Most sheriffs who responded simply said they will follow state law, spelled out in a \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB54\">bill passed during the first Trump administration\u003c/a> that limited California law enforcement participation in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Trump’s inauguration today, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/01/kern-county-immigration-sweep/\">immigration raids in the Central Valley\u003c/a> earlier this month already had undocumented migrants and their families concerned about massive enforcement sweeps on immigrant-dependent industries like agriculture. Trump and cabinet officials from his first term have \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/the-lede/how-sheriffs-might-power-trumps-deportation-machine\">pledged “targeted arrests”\u003c/a> of undocumented people, and view local law enforcement as “force multipliers” of that effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California sheriffs could play an influential role in determining whether someone gets arrested and deported because they manage the state’s local jail system, where people suspected of committing crimes are held while awaiting trial. A bill named after a slain Georgia nursing student that is expected to pass in Congress could enhance sheriffs’ sway over \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/immigration/\">immigration enforcement\u003c/a> by prioritizing deportations of undocumented immigrants \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/01/17/laken-riley-act-clears-critical-senate-hurdle\">arrested on suspicion of burglary\u003c/a> and shoplifting, regardless of whether they’re convicted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of sheriffs who responded to a CalMatters inquiry said they were balancing their duties with their need for cooperation from frightened immigrant communities. They worry those communities will shun all law enforcement if they fear deportation based on their immigration status alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t know how many calls I’ve gotten from Hispanics in my area that I’ve known, I’ve grown up with, they’re all worried about family members,” said Mendocino County Sheriff Matt Kendall. “I’ve got in-laws through my children calling me because they’re concerned, but let’s look at the ability to actually enforce this crap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hell, I’ve got 50 deputies and I can barely keep a lid on crime in a county of 90,000. How are these guys coming out here with all of this ‘We’re gonna deport 10 million people’ or something. No, that’s ridiculous. It’s not gonna happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kendall said he undoubtedly has people in his community who have committed serious crimes and are also undocumented, and wants those people arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they want to go out and deport all the criminals, knock yourselves out, but let’s pick and choose what’s important and what is not,”he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One consistent theme: Every sheriff who responded to CalMatters said immigration enforcement isn’t their job. But some of them went further, pledging not to honor immigration holds, while others said they will neither “prevent nor hinder” immigration enforcement agents from doing their jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sanctuary law divided California sheriffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Gov. Jerry Brown signed legislation making California \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/general-news-5b325d95a9c548e29b887de8b2303b76%20California%20becomes%20sanctuary%20state%20as%20governor%20signs%20bill\">a sanctuary state\u003c/a> in 2017, barring police from inquiring about people’s immigration status and participating in federal immigration enforcement, the reaction from the Trump administration was immediate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration cut off hundreds of millions of dollars in law enforcement grants to sanctuary cities that limited cooperation with federal immigration authorities. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/us/exclusive-us-justice-department-ends-trump-era-limits-grants-sanctuary-cities-2021-04-28/\">Biden administration restored the grants\u003c/a> in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several California sheriffs were outspoken critics of the sanctuary law during Trump’s previous presidency. A group of San Joaquin Valley sheriffs traveled with Trump to the border in 2019, where they endorsed his immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-12023106\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/020323_Mike-Boudreaux_AP_CM_02-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux, said he doesn’t agree with California’s sanctuary law, and said any governor who supports it should be removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Boudreaux said he wants to distinguish between targeted enforcement of “felonious” people, which he supports, and massive immigration raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, if they come into the area saying, ‘Hey, we’re just going to scoop up as many people as we can that are here illegally,’ we’re not going to do that, because (we) have a community to serve,” Boudreaux said. “If you can separate the difference between that, you should be able to see what I mean.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boudreaux pledged to keep working with federal immigration authorities within the parameters of California law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(If) I have a federal counterpart that comes into my county asking for assistance, I’m going to give it to them,” Boudreaux said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bianco, the Riverside County sheriff and one of Trump’s most outspoken allies in California, took office in 2019. Now, Bianco said he’s ready to work around state law to step up immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will do everything in my power to make sure I keep the residents of Riverside County safe,” Bianco \u003ca href=\"https://www.foxla.com/news/how-local-sheriffs-plan-trumps-immigration-policy\">said to KTTV-TV in November\u003c/a>. “If that involves working somehow around (California’s sanctuary law) with ICE so we can deport these people victimizing us and our residents, you can be 100% sure I’m going to do that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigrant advocates watching sheriffs\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Eva Bitran, Immigrants’ Rights project coordinator at the American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California, said her organization would be watching for violations of the state sanctuary law, which would typically involve police calling federal immigration authorities at jails or during arrests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what happened to Daniel Valenzuela in 2019, when Corona police interrogated him about his immigration status during a traffic stop, then transferred him to U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents. Valenzuela was then deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU sued the city of Corona, which paid Valenzuela a \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/press-releases/city-corona-pay-settlement-man-turned-over-border-agents\">$35,000 settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our expectation is that the sheriffs will follow the law,” Bitran said. “We will be watching to ensure they do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023107\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_03-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants wait to receive toiletry items at Moviemiento Juventud 2000 in Tijuana on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2020, Los Angeles County banned the warrantless transfer of inmates to immigration enforcement custody. Los Angeles County Sheriff Robert Luna said his department does not honor immigration detainers unless presented with a federal warrant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2018 and 2023, the last date for which data was available, there were \u003ca href=\"https://data-openjustice.doj.ca.gov/sites/default/files/dataset/2024-07/SB54%20Transfers%202018-2023_07022024.csv\">4,192 transfers of people\u003c/a> from California jails to immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s street enforcement that has people worried in both the Central Valley and downtown Oakland, where the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office is already trying to tamp down rumors of immigration raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to assure you that this information is false,” said Alameda County Sheriff’s Sgt. Roberto Morales. “This information has caused panic and anxiety in our communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While we respect criminal warrants issued by a judge, Sheriff’s Office personnel do not comply with administrative immigration warrants. Importantly, we believe that local law enforcement involvement in ICE deportation operations undermines our community policing strategies and depletes local resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CalMatters reporter Cayla Mihalovich contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-has-sued-trump-123-times-heres-where-it-won-and-lost",
"title": "California Has Sued Trump 123 Times. Here's Where It Won and Lost",
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"headTitle": "California Has Sued Trump 123 Times. Here’s Where It Won and Lost | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>That revving you hear from Sacramento is the sound of California’s Democratic leaders preparing to sue the tar out of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve seen this all before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2018/03/becerra-v-trump-california-using-courts-fight-administration/\">California sued the Trump administration 123 times\u003c/a> between 2017 and 2021, according to Attorney General Rob Bonta’s office. It \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2021/01/california-cost-trump-lawsuits/\">spent about $10 million a year\u003c/a> in doing so. A majority of the lawsuits dealt with environment rules, immigration and health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal and policy expect those same issues to take center stage during Trump 2.0.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Bonta’s team started to prepare legal briefs months ahead of the election, it’s why Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/capitol/2024/11/gavin-newsom-special-session-trump-resistance/\">called for a special legislative session\u003c/a> to “Trump-proof” California, and it’s why state Democrats have agreed to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/california-trump-legal-fees-fund/\">allocate $50 million to fight Trump\u003c/a> in court — a move that \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/J_GallagherAD3/status/1878599444003959053\">state Republicans denounced\u003c/a> as a “slush fund” for “hypothetical fights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump lost more than two-thirds of the lawsuits filed against his rules in his first term. His win rate of 31% was lower than that of the three administrations prior, \u003ca href=\"https://policyintegrity.org/tracking-major-rules/presidential-win-rates\">according to an analysis\u003c/a> by the Institute of Policy Integrity at the New York University School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do California’s past legal skirmishes with the Trump administration 1.0 tell us about the policy battles to come? And how might this time be different?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many experts say the new Trump administration could be more strategic and wise this time. In his first round, his policy proposals were \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/world/us/trump-administrations-sloppy-work-has-led-to-supreme-court-losses-idUSKBN23P3M1/\">often rushed through\u003c/a> and failed to pass legal muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s something we are certainly worried about this second time around, that they’ll make the same policy decisions that are bad from our perspective, but do it again in a smarter way that makes them harder to challenge,” said Eva Bitrán, director of immigrants’ rights and staff attorney at American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possible difference: The rules have changed. At the end of the U.S. Supreme Court’s 2023 term, the conservative majority issued a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/07/california-supreme-court-chevron/\">series of rulings\u003c/a> that, taken together, make it much easier for people, businesses and aggrieved state governments to challenge federal regulations. At the time, these rulings were seen as a historic victory for the conservative legal movement and big business. Now that Trump is back in office, it may actually make the California attorney general’s job of stymying the Trump agenda easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at California’s record in court against Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Environment: Wins on procedure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California prides itself on being a national leader on ecologically-minded rules and aggressive climate action. That brings it into natural conflict with any modern Republican White House, but especially the Trump administration.Roughly half of the lawsuits that the state filed against the Trump administration the first time around were related in some way to the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winning on administrative procedure. California’s Department of Justice racked up a lot of legal wins early on in Trump’s term. The vast majority of them were over important but relatively narrow policy debates around \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/epa-states-settle-lawsuit-over-imported-asbestos-2021-06-08/\">asbestos oversight rules\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/397687-court-blocks-epa-policy-against-enforcing-truck-pollution-rule/\">big rigs\u003c/a> that use old engine components, energy efficiency requirements on freezers and ceiling fans (that was two cases), among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with many \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/the-real-reason-president-trump-is-constantly-losing-in-court/2019/03/19/f5ffb056-33a8-11e9-af5b-b51b7ff322e9_story.html\">other areas of policy\u003c/a>, California was able to eke out these easy victories by persuading courts that the Trump administration had rushed rules through without explaining their rationale, providing sufficient evidence or giving the public the opportunity to weigh in. These are violations of the Administrative Procedure Act, which is the bureaucratic equivalent of failing to do your homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Trump 2.0 may be more careful this time, his \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/biden-2024-government-regulations-democrats-6badc3b424b9eff3ba51e0ec35a8d824\">pledge to fire thousands\u003c/a> of career civil servants may also make the task of writing regulations that pass legal muster that much more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The waiver wars\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of California’s most successful legal challenges ended with a victory outside the court, said Julia Stein, an environmental law professor at UCLA. After the Trump administration revoked California’s \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-auto-emissions-standards-fight-with-donald-trump-explained/\">permission to set its own emission limits\u003c/a> on car exhaust — which comes from an Environmental Protection Agency waiver of the federal law’s preeminence over state rules — California sued. Then it sued again. Though the legal battle never quite reached a conclusion before Trump left office in 2021, the prolonged regulatory uncertainty was enough to convince some of the world’s biggest automakers to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2020/08/california-clean-car-emissions/\">cut a deal directly with California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stein said she wouldn’t be surprised if that serves as a template for other regulated industries as California and the second Trump administration inevitably resume their legal battles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think businesses are going to feel like, ‘well, I still need to make investment decisions and I still need to contend with different state regulatory environments and federal regulatory environments and so I might want to start entering into private agreements,’” said Stein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023098\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view of Threemile Slough in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta near Rio Vista on May 19, 2024. The Delta is formed by the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers before their waters flow into San Francisco Bay. \u003ccite>(Loren Elliott/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Waters of the United States\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California and other blue states spent the bulk of Trump’s first term beefing in court over how to define a “waterway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a semantic debate with enormous implications. Since the 1970s, the Clean Water Act has been the main way that federal regulators have battled water pollution. In 2015, the Obama administration expanded the definition of waterways covered under the law to include many wetlands and streams that only pop up during rainstorms. Trump’s Environmental Protection Agency suspended that rule, reintroduced an old one, then came up with a new rule of its own, getting sued at every step. California didn’t end up formally winning in court, but the state did run out the clock in time for President Joe Biden to take over in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story doesn’t end there. In 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court backed a narrower definition of the Clean Water Act, effectively taking Trump’s side of things. But California remains its own regulatory bastion; its stringent water quality rules remain in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s coming\u003c/strong>: There’s no shortage of ways that California might \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2024/11/california-trump-environmental-policies/\">disagree with the incoming Trump administration on environmental matters\u003c/a>, but the past is likely to be a pretty good guide. Expect the waiver wars to continue. California offered a taste of what’s to come before Biden was even out of office when it \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/01/trump-california-withdraws-diesel-clean-air-rules/\">abandoned a proposed ban on diesel trucks\u003c/a>, anticipating an unwinnable battle with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other areas of possible disagreement abound. They include disputes over green infrastructure spending, offshore energy projects, \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/01/09/biden-sends-more-fire-aid-california-00197436\">wildfire relief funds\u003c/a>, new \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/biden-national-monuments-california-event-canceled-wildfires-2cdbdb8ee3af0214dee71b65892f2f14\">national monuments\u003c/a> created by Biden and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/04/climate/trump-epa-science.html\">limits on the use of academic research\u003c/a> to inform environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigration: Travel bans and sanctuary cities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Thousands of people protested at airports in the first week of the previous Trump administration when he issued an executive order banning people from \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jan/29/protest-trump-travel-ban-muslims-airports\">seven Muslim-majority nations\u003c/a> from entering the United States. It kicked off years of battles over immigration enforcement, and California had a mixed record in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Travel bans\u003c/strong>. The Trump administration tried multiple times to enact his order restricting travel from those Muslim-majority nations. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11622854/california-revives-lawsuit-against-trump-travel-ban\">California and others sued\u003c/a>, arguing that not only was the policy discriminatory, but that it was also bound to harm the economy, businesses and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s first two attempts were struck down, but in 2018 the Supreme Court upheld his third version of the ban. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/20/proclamation-ending-discriminatory-bans-on-entry-to-the-united-states/\">Biden reversed the order\u003c/a> on his first day in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even in the cases where California lost, like this one, the fact that it took three rounds for the ban to be upheld, that’s helpful,” Bitrán at ACLU Southern California said. “Throwing sand in the gears and slowing them down has a protective effect on California’s immigrant communities, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023099\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Border Patrol agent leads a group of migrants seeking asylum towards a van to be transported and processed, near Dulzura on June 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gregory Bull/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sanctuary funding\u003c/strong>. During the first Trump administration, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2017/12/californias-new-sanctuary-law-will-aid-immigrants-not/\">California passed a “sanctuary state” law\u003c/a> to protect undocumented immigrants from deportation. That protection \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2024/11/immigrant-deportation-california-trump/\">does have exceptions\u003c/a> — it does not apply to people convicted of violent crimes or serious offenses, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trump said he planned to withhold certain federal dollars \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2017/02/trump-suggests-yanking-fed-dollars-if-california-is-a-sanctuary-statecan-he-do-that/\">from “sanctuary jurisdictions”\u003c/a> unless they cooperated with federal immigration authorities, the state, along with San Francisco, sued. That funding included \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-becerra-sues-trump-administration-imposing-unlawful-new-grant\">about $28 million for the state of California\u003c/a> that supports recidivism prevention, at-risk youth and other law enforcement programs, former state Attorney General Xavier Becerra said at the time. A \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/regulation/court-battles/410149-california-judge-rules-against-sessionss-effort-to-hit-sanctuary/\">federal judge sided with California\u003c/a>, calling Trump’s order unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Protecting DACA\u003c/strong>. In what some immigration attorneys call a landmark case, the state and the University of California Board of Regents participated in the defense of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA, which allows immigrants brought to the U.S. as children to stay and work in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the program does not grant people legal status, it does protect them from deportation. In June 2020, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/18/829858289/supreme-court-upholds-daca-in-blow-to-trump-administration\">Supreme Court ruled in favor\u003c/a> of the so-called DREAMers, blocking Trump’s plan to end the DACA program. This ruling shielded some 700,000 DREAMers, including about 200,000 residing in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s coming\u003c/strong>: Top of mind for immigration advocates is the promise of mass deportations, including Trump’s threat to use the military to carry out raids. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/01/kern-county-immigration-sweep/\">recent raid in Kern County\u003c/a>, made waves throughout the state as a preview of what is potentially to come. Axios first reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/01/09/trump-immigration-executive-orders-stephen-miller\">Trump plans to issue 100 executive orders\u003c/a> on his first day back in the Oval Office, many of which are reported to be centered on immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump could also \u003ca href=\"https://californiahealthline.org/news/new-rule-casts-shadow-on-immigrants-use-of-government-benefits/\">reinstate a public charge policy\u003c/a> from his first term that sought to make it harder for immigrants to get green cards if they use, or were likely to use, safety net programs, such as Medicaid or food stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal experts also expect to see more fights around federal funding, restrictions for asylum seekers, and renewed efforts to end DACA or other temporary protected status.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Health care: Obamacare and more\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In round 1, Trump tried just about everything to pick away and dismantle the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare. And while he was successful in nixing provisions of it, the health law today continues to stand. Some advocates and experts credit in part California’s move to interfere and defend the law during Trump’s last term for the fact that millions continue to have health coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Defending the Affordable Care Act\u003c/strong>. Trump’s main attempt to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/07/27/539907467/senate-careens-toward-high-drama-midnight-health-care-vote\">repeal the Affordable Care Act\u003c/a> failed when the Senate rejected a bill that would have undone former President Barack Obama’s signature law. A second challenge to the law followed when Texas filed a lawsuit contesting its constitutionality. Because the Trump administration did not move to defend the federal health law, 17 states led by California, intervened to make the case for keeping the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A booth for information on Covered California at the California Native Americans Day celebration at the state Capitol on Sept. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Miguel Gutierrez Jr./CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While this was not a challenge initiated by California, advocates say California played a unique and instrumental role in the law’s defense. California essentially “stepped in for a Justice Department that was no longer doing its job on behalf of the nation” and defended the law in court, said Anthony Wright, executive director at Families USA, a consumer health advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2021, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/06/court-again-leaves-affordable-care-act-in-place/\">Supreme Court ruled in California’s favor\u003c/a> to preserve the Affordable Care Act. Had the decision gone Texas’ way, approximately 20 million Americans, including 5 million Californians, could have lost their coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Health care subsidies\u003c/strong>. California also went to bat for health care subsidies that help make Obamacare coverage more affordable. In 2017, Trump announced the federal government would stop paying insurers for cost-sharing subsidies that help offset out-of-pocket expenses, like deductibles and copays. Becerra and 17 other state attorney generals filed a lawsuit on behalf of the estimated 6 million Americans who would have been affected by this change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='donald-trump' label='More Trump Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthleadersmedia.com/finance/judge-dismisses-californias-lawsuit-over-halted-cost-sharing-payments\">placed its lawsuit on hold\u003c/a> when marketplaces and insurers found a workaround to offset those losses by increasing premiums on certain plans (but also premium aid), and the case was eventually closed. While this was not a court win, per say, Wright said California’s administrative response was still a win for consumers. “It was a way so that people’s copayments and deductibles didn’t spike to unaffordable levels,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Title X ‘gag’ rule\u003c/strong>. Title X is a federal program created in the 1970s that provides free or low cost family planning services to people with low incomes. In 2018, Trump proposed a “gag rule” that prohibited clinics receiving Title X funding from performing or referring patients to abortion services. Home to about a fourth of all Title X patients, California along with others challenged the policy change, but a ruling by a federal appeals court judge ultimately allowed it to continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the rule change, many clinics stopped participating in the Title X program. That meant that the program served \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/issue-brief/rebuilding-the-title-x-network-under-the-biden-administration/\">about 60% fewer patients\u003c/a> between 2018 and 2020, according to KFF, a health policy research center. The Biden administration eventually revoked Trump’s policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s coming\u003c/strong>: Health advocates say they’ll be closely watching everything from reproductive choice and access to gender-affirming care to potential cuts or caps on Medicaid spending. Medicaid, better known as Medi-Cal in California, serves close to a third of the state population, and reductions in funding for this program would be deeply consequential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding is the key word. While the state can do a lot to protect Californian’s access to care — as the Legislature has attempted to do with a slate of laws over the last few years — it also depends greatly on federal funding to make that happen, said Amanda McAllister-Wallner, interim executive director at Health Access California, a consumer advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a big takeaway and a big lesson learned from this last time around is we can do a lot here in California to protect consumers, to uphold California values,” McAllister said. “But without the federal funding to guarantee access to health care for folks, it’s really hard to keep people enrolled and to keep people with coverage.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California sued Donald Trump 123 times during his first presidency. Trump lost about two-thirds of cases filed against his administration, but that doesn’t guarantee the same results this time around.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>That revving you hear from Sacramento is the sound of California’s Democratic leaders preparing to sue the tar out of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve seen this all before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2018/03/becerra-v-trump-california-using-courts-fight-administration/\">California sued the Trump administration 123 times\u003c/a> between 2017 and 2021, according to Attorney General Rob Bonta’s office. It \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2021/01/california-cost-trump-lawsuits/\">spent about $10 million a year\u003c/a> in doing so. A majority of the lawsuits dealt with environment rules, immigration and health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal and policy expect those same issues to take center stage during Trump 2.0.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Bonta’s team started to prepare legal briefs months ahead of the election, it’s why Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/capitol/2024/11/gavin-newsom-special-session-trump-resistance/\">called for a special legislative session\u003c/a> to “Trump-proof” California, and it’s why state Democrats have agreed to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletter/california-trump-legal-fees-fund/\">allocate $50 million to fight Trump\u003c/a> in court — a move that \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/J_GallagherAD3/status/1878599444003959053\">state Republicans denounced\u003c/a> as a “slush fund” for “hypothetical fights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump lost more than two-thirds of the lawsuits filed against his rules in his first term. His win rate of 31% was lower than that of the three administrations prior, \u003ca href=\"https://policyintegrity.org/tracking-major-rules/presidential-win-rates\">according to an analysis\u003c/a> by the Institute of Policy Integrity at the New York University School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do California’s past legal skirmishes with the Trump administration 1.0 tell us about the policy battles to come? And how might this time be different?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many experts say the new Trump administration could be more strategic and wise this time. In his first round, his policy proposals were \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/world/us/trump-administrations-sloppy-work-has-led-to-supreme-court-losses-idUSKBN23P3M1/\">often rushed through\u003c/a> and failed to pass legal muster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s something we are certainly worried about this second time around, that they’ll make the same policy decisions that are bad from our perspective, but do it again in a smarter way that makes them harder to challenge,” said Eva Bitrán, director of immigrants’ rights and staff attorney at American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another possible difference: The rules have changed. At the end of the U.S. Supreme Court’s 2023 term, the conservative majority issued a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/07/california-supreme-court-chevron/\">series of rulings\u003c/a> that, taken together, make it much easier for people, businesses and aggrieved state governments to challenge federal regulations. At the time, these rulings were seen as a historic victory for the conservative legal movement and big business. Now that Trump is back in office, it may actually make the California attorney general’s job of stymying the Trump agenda easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a look at California’s record in court against Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Environment: Wins on procedure\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California prides itself on being a national leader on ecologically-minded rules and aggressive climate action. That brings it into natural conflict with any modern Republican White House, but especially the Trump administration.Roughly half of the lawsuits that the state filed against the Trump administration the first time around were related in some way to the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winning on administrative procedure. California’s Department of Justice racked up a lot of legal wins early on in Trump’s term. The vast majority of them were over important but relatively narrow policy debates around \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/legal/litigation/epa-states-settle-lawsuit-over-imported-asbestos-2021-06-08/\">asbestos oversight rules\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/397687-court-blocks-epa-policy-against-enforcing-truck-pollution-rule/\">big rigs\u003c/a> that use old engine components, energy efficiency requirements on freezers and ceiling fans (that was two cases), among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with many \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/the-real-reason-president-trump-is-constantly-losing-in-court/2019/03/19/f5ffb056-33a8-11e9-af5b-b51b7ff322e9_story.html\">other areas of policy\u003c/a>, California was able to eke out these easy victories by persuading courts that the Trump administration had rushed rules through without explaining their rationale, providing sufficient evidence or giving the public the opportunity to weigh in. These are violations of the Administrative Procedure Act, which is the bureaucratic equivalent of failing to do your homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Trump 2.0 may be more careful this time, his \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/biden-2024-government-regulations-democrats-6badc3b424b9eff3ba51e0ec35a8d824\">pledge to fire thousands\u003c/a> of career civil servants may also make the task of writing regulations that pass legal muster that much more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The waiver wars\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of California’s most successful legal challenges ended with a victory outside the court, said Julia Stein, an environmental law professor at UCLA. After the Trump administration revoked California’s \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/explainers/california-auto-emissions-standards-fight-with-donald-trump-explained/\">permission to set its own emission limits\u003c/a> on car exhaust — which comes from an Environmental Protection Agency waiver of the federal law’s preeminence over state rules — California sued. Then it sued again. Though the legal battle never quite reached a conclusion before Trump left office in 2021, the prolonged regulatory uncertainty was enough to convince some of the world’s biggest automakers to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2020/08/california-clean-car-emissions/\">cut a deal directly with California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stein said she wouldn’t be surprised if that serves as a template for other regulated industries as California and the second Trump administration inevitably resume their legal battles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think businesses are going to feel like, ‘well, I still need to make investment decisions and I still need to contend with different state regulatory environments and federal regulatory environments and so I might want to start entering into private agreements,’” said Stein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023098\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023098\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters2-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view of Threemile Slough in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta near Rio Vista on May 19, 2024. The Delta is formed by the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers before their waters flow into San Francisco Bay. \u003ccite>(Loren Elliott/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Waters of the United States\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California and other blue states spent the bulk of Trump’s first term beefing in court over how to define a “waterway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was a semantic debate with enormous implications. Since the 1970s, the Clean Water Act has been the main way that federal regulators have battled water pollution. In 2015, the Obama administration expanded the definition of waterways covered under the law to include many wetlands and streams that only pop up during rainstorms. Trump’s Environmental Protection Agency suspended that rule, reintroduced an old one, then came up with a new rule of its own, getting sued at every step. California didn’t end up formally winning in court, but the state did run out the clock in time for President Joe Biden to take over in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story doesn’t end there. In 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court backed a narrower definition of the Clean Water Act, effectively taking Trump’s side of things. But California remains its own regulatory bastion; its stringent water quality rules remain in effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s coming\u003c/strong>: There’s no shortage of ways that California might \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2024/11/california-trump-environmental-policies/\">disagree with the incoming Trump administration on environmental matters\u003c/a>, but the past is likely to be a pretty good guide. Expect the waiver wars to continue. California offered a taste of what’s to come before Biden was even out of office when it \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/01/trump-california-withdraws-diesel-clean-air-rules/\">abandoned a proposed ban on diesel trucks\u003c/a>, anticipating an unwinnable battle with Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other areas of possible disagreement abound. They include disputes over green infrastructure spending, offshore energy projects, \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/01/09/biden-sends-more-fire-aid-california-00197436\">wildfire relief funds\u003c/a>, new \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/biden-national-monuments-california-event-canceled-wildfires-2cdbdb8ee3af0214dee71b65892f2f14\">national monuments\u003c/a> created by Biden and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/04/climate/trump-epa-science.html\">limits on the use of academic research\u003c/a> to inform environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigration: Travel bans and sanctuary cities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Thousands of people protested at airports in the first week of the previous Trump administration when he issued an executive order banning people from \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/jan/29/protest-trump-travel-ban-muslims-airports\">seven Muslim-majority nations\u003c/a> from entering the United States. It kicked off years of battles over immigration enforcement, and California had a mixed record in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Travel bans\u003c/strong>. The Trump administration tried multiple times to enact his order restricting travel from those Muslim-majority nations. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11622854/california-revives-lawsuit-against-trump-travel-ban\">California and others sued\u003c/a>, arguing that not only was the policy discriminatory, but that it was also bound to harm the economy, businesses and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s first two attempts were struck down, but in 2018 the Supreme Court upheld his third version of the ban. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/20/proclamation-ending-discriminatory-bans-on-entry-to-the-united-states/\">Biden reversed the order\u003c/a> on his first day in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even in the cases where California lost, like this one, the fact that it took three rounds for the ban to be upheld, that’s helpful,” Bitrán at ACLU Southern California said. “Throwing sand in the gears and slowing them down has a protective effect on California’s immigrant communities, too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023099\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters3-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Border Patrol agent leads a group of migrants seeking asylum towards a van to be transported and processed, near Dulzura on June 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Gregory Bull/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sanctuary funding\u003c/strong>. During the first Trump administration, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2017/12/californias-new-sanctuary-law-will-aid-immigrants-not/\">California passed a “sanctuary state” law\u003c/a> to protect undocumented immigrants from deportation. That protection \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2024/11/immigrant-deportation-california-trump/\">does have exceptions\u003c/a> — it does not apply to people convicted of violent crimes or serious offenses, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Trump said he planned to withhold certain federal dollars \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2017/02/trump-suggests-yanking-fed-dollars-if-california-is-a-sanctuary-statecan-he-do-that/\">from “sanctuary jurisdictions”\u003c/a> unless they cooperated with federal immigration authorities, the state, along with San Francisco, sued. That funding included \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-becerra-sues-trump-administration-imposing-unlawful-new-grant\">about $28 million for the state of California\u003c/a> that supports recidivism prevention, at-risk youth and other law enforcement programs, former state Attorney General Xavier Becerra said at the time. A \u003ca href=\"https://thehill.com/regulation/court-battles/410149-california-judge-rules-against-sessionss-effort-to-hit-sanctuary/\">federal judge sided with California\u003c/a>, calling Trump’s order unconstitutional.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Protecting DACA\u003c/strong>. In what some immigration attorneys call a landmark case, the state and the University of California Board of Regents participated in the defense of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA, which allows immigrants brought to the U.S. as children to stay and work in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the program does not grant people legal status, it does protect them from deportation. In June 2020, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/18/829858289/supreme-court-upholds-daca-in-blow-to-trump-administration\">Supreme Court ruled in favor\u003c/a> of the so-called DREAMers, blocking Trump’s plan to end the DACA program. This ruling shielded some 700,000 DREAMers, including about 200,000 residing in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s coming\u003c/strong>: Top of mind for immigration advocates is the promise of mass deportations, including Trump’s threat to use the military to carry out raids. A \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/01/kern-county-immigration-sweep/\">recent raid in Kern County\u003c/a>, made waves throughout the state as a preview of what is potentially to come. Axios first reported that \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/01/09/trump-immigration-executive-orders-stephen-miller\">Trump plans to issue 100 executive orders\u003c/a> on his first day back in the Oval Office, many of which are reported to be centered on immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump could also \u003ca href=\"https://californiahealthline.org/news/new-rule-casts-shadow-on-immigrants-use-of-government-benefits/\">reinstate a public charge policy\u003c/a> from his first term that sought to make it harder for immigrants to get green cards if they use, or were likely to use, safety net programs, such as Medicaid or food stamps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal experts also expect to see more fights around federal funding, restrictions for asylum seekers, and renewed efforts to end DACA or other temporary protected status.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Health care: Obamacare and more\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In round 1, Trump tried just about everything to pick away and dismantle the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare. And while he was successful in nixing provisions of it, the health law today continues to stand. Some advocates and experts credit in part California’s move to interfere and defend the law during Trump’s last term for the fact that millions continue to have health coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Defending the Affordable Care Act\u003c/strong>. Trump’s main attempt to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/07/27/539907467/senate-careens-toward-high-drama-midnight-health-care-vote\">repeal the Affordable Care Act\u003c/a> failed when the Senate rejected a bill that would have undone former President Barack Obama’s signature law. A second challenge to the law followed when Texas filed a lawsuit contesting its constitutionality. Because the Trump administration did not move to defend the federal health law, 17 states led by California, intervened to make the case for keeping the Affordable Care Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023100\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023100\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/250120CalMatters4-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A booth for information on Covered California at the California Native Americans Day celebration at the state Capitol on Sept. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Miguel Gutierrez Jr./CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While this was not a challenge initiated by California, advocates say California played a unique and instrumental role in the law’s defense. California essentially “stepped in for a Justice Department that was no longer doing its job on behalf of the nation” and defended the law in court, said Anthony Wright, executive director at Families USA, a consumer health advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June 2021, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.scotusblog.com/2021/06/court-again-leaves-affordable-care-act-in-place/\">Supreme Court ruled in California’s favor\u003c/a> to preserve the Affordable Care Act. Had the decision gone Texas’ way, approximately 20 million Americans, including 5 million Californians, could have lost their coverage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Health care subsidies\u003c/strong>. California also went to bat for health care subsidies that help make Obamacare coverage more affordable. In 2017, Trump announced the federal government would stop paying insurers for cost-sharing subsidies that help offset out-of-pocket expenses, like deductibles and copays. Becerra and 17 other state attorney generals filed a lawsuit on behalf of the estimated 6 million Americans who would have been affected by this change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthleadersmedia.com/finance/judge-dismisses-californias-lawsuit-over-halted-cost-sharing-payments\">placed its lawsuit on hold\u003c/a> when marketplaces and insurers found a workaround to offset those losses by increasing premiums on certain plans (but also premium aid), and the case was eventually closed. While this was not a court win, per say, Wright said California’s administrative response was still a win for consumers. “It was a way so that people’s copayments and deductibles didn’t spike to unaffordable levels,” Wright said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Title X ‘gag’ rule\u003c/strong>. Title X is a federal program created in the 1970s that provides free or low cost family planning services to people with low incomes. In 2018, Trump proposed a “gag rule” that prohibited clinics receiving Title X funding from performing or referring patients to abortion services. Home to about a fourth of all Title X patients, California along with others challenged the policy change, but a ruling by a federal appeals court judge ultimately allowed it to continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the rule change, many clinics stopped participating in the Title X program. That meant that the program served \u003ca href=\"https://www.kff.org/womens-health-policy/issue-brief/rebuilding-the-title-x-network-under-the-biden-administration/\">about 60% fewer patients\u003c/a> between 2018 and 2020, according to KFF, a health policy research center. The Biden administration eventually revoked Trump’s policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s coming\u003c/strong>: Health advocates say they’ll be closely watching everything from reproductive choice and access to gender-affirming care to potential cuts or caps on Medicaid spending. Medicaid, better known as Medi-Cal in California, serves close to a third of the state population, and reductions in funding for this program would be deeply consequential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Funding is the key word. While the state can do a lot to protect Californian’s access to care — as the Legislature has attempted to do with a slate of laws over the last few years — it also depends greatly on federal funding to make that happen, said Amanda McAllister-Wallner, interim executive director at Health Access California, a consumer advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a big takeaway and a big lesson learned from this last time around is we can do a lot here in California to protect consumers, to uphold California values,” McAllister said. “But without the federal funding to guarantee access to health care for folks, it’s really hard to keep people enrolled and to keep people with coverage.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "as-trump-takes-office-border-crossings-are-down-but-thats-only-part-of-the-story",
"title": "As Trump Takes Office, Border Crossings Are Down. But That's Only Part of the Story",
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"headTitle": "As Trump Takes Office, Border Crossings Are Down. But That’s Only Part of the Story | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>TIJUANA, Mexico — It’s noon and the sun is brutal. At the foot of a steep hill, in the shade, a woman with an exhausted stare is rocking her child to sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cindy Alamie says she can’t remember the last time she rested, certainly not back in Buenaventura, the city on Colombia’s Pacific coast where she comes from, a place rocked by armed conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband owned a small store there. He was a peace activist in his free time. Local gangs began demanding higher protection fees. She said, “They told us if we didn’t pay, they’d kill our family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alamie says the decision to leave home was made in a matter of seconds. They’d head north to the U.S.-Mexico border and hire a \u003cem>coyote\u003c/em> (a smuggler) to get them to the other side. Her sister, who lives in California, would be waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding a coyote in Tijuana was easy. One guy offered to cross the family of three for $8,000. But folks at Juventud 2000, a shelter in the city, dissuaded them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told us we could get killed out there or caught and sent back to Colombia,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023023\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andres Patiño plays with his son outside the Embajadores de Jesús church in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Immigrants like Alamie have decided instead to go the official route by using the CBP One app, which provides an appointment to request legal entry into the U.S. But she’s been waiting for five months and is starting to get desperate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unauthorized apprehensions at the U.S. southern border have decreased significantly in the past six months — by more than 70% compared with the same period in 2023, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-december-2024-monthly-update\">Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government attributes the dip to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/06/23/1198912704/bidens-executive-actions-on-immigration-send-mixed-signals\">an executive order\u003c/a> issued last summer by President Biden that severely restricts asylum requests from migrants attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border with no authorization. Another factor is the implementation of the CBP One app, and experts say the Mexican national guard cracking down on migrants heading north is playing a key role, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Biden’s successor, President-elect Donald Trump, takes office on Jan. 20, he will be inheriting a quiet border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alamie says the date is looming in her mind. “I think about it every day,” she says. “I imagine him taking his seat at the White House. And then what’s going to happen?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to ramping up border security, Trump has promised to shut down the CBP One app. “We will stop all migrant flights, end all illegal entries” he \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1835315698169475316?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1835315698169475316%7Ctwgr%5Ec463189ca2f09e6a59829ce2e85febcef0d344a1%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonexaminer.com%2Fpolicy%2Fimmigration%2F3227614%2Ftrump-ending-cbp-one-migrant-app-border-consequences%2F\">posted on X last year\u003c/a>, “[and] terminate the Kamala phone app for smuggling illegals,” a reference to the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s assertion that the app is used to smuggle people across the border is false. Immigrants seeking asylum use the app to make appointments for screening with U.S. government officials to gain legal entry into the country while they wait to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023024\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023024\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The pedestrian port of entry in Tijuana, Mexico on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023025\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023025\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents line the grounds of the migrant shelter Juventud 2000 in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the lower number of border apprehensions only tells part of the story. Behind the scenes, folks on the ground say major shifts are happening in how people cross the border. “Immigrants are still arriving,” says Jose Maria Garcia Lara, director of the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter. “They’re just moving underground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shelter is just a stone’s throw away from the border wall. It’s so packed that the floor of the main room is covered in back-to-back sleeping tents. Many people here are Mexicans displaced by narco violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this day, a nonprofit is delivering presents to migrant children. The result is utter chaos. Shrieks of delight are punctuated by beeping toy sounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia Lara says this is nothing compared with what it was like early last year. There were so many migrants that people had to camp out in public parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For months now, the number of people arriving at the shelter has gone down,” he says. “They’re still coming to Tijuana though. Becoming invisible. Hiring coyotes who put them up in motels and safe houses, so they can cross over through more remote parts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023026\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023026\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1152\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-800x576.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-1020x734.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-160x115.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-1536x1106.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jose Maria Garcia Lara head of migrant shelter Juventud 2000 in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Humanitarian aid groups say the shift has been notable. “Things along the border have changed in the last year to four months,” says James Crodero of the volunteer group Border Kindness, which leaves first aid supplies and water for migrants along the border. He says crossings have shifted “from more predictable routes that have been used for years on end, to areas that we don’t know. We know for a fact that people are coming across, and it has moved into more dangerous areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the Tijuana shelter, in her piece of shade, Alamie says she’s reconsidering attempting to cross. The coyote has almost doubled his price, from $8,000 to $15,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s so close,” she sighs, pointing in the direction of the border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a general sense of anxiety at the shelter. Near where Alamie is sitting, a group of women wash clothing at a furious pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re all from Michoacán, Mexico, and say they’re all fleeing drug violence. They keep trying to get a CBP One appointment with no luck, and they know their window of opportunity is closing. But they don’t want to cross without documents or hire a coyote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if they’d ever go back home, one woman, Marta, who asks that her last name be withheld fearing cartel violence, smiles wearily. Without pausing her scrubbing, she answers: “Never. But we can’t move forward either. We’re stuck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023027\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marta from Michoacán, Mexico, washes clothes at the migrant shelter Embajadores de Jesús church in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023028\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023028\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child peers through the gate doors as women wash clothes at the Embajadores de Jesús church in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the other side of the city, in a neighborhood up in the hills, a man named Samuel makes a living getting people like Marta and Alamie unstuck. Samuel is a coyote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He will not give his last name because what he does is illegal in both countries. And like all coyotes, he has to give a cut of his profits to a cartel. He won’t tell me which one. He simply refers to them as “\u003cem>los mañosos,\u003c/em>” or “the slick ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samuel says crossing costs between $9,000 and $12,000 for a family. He says he’s heard of coyotes who can “get violent” with women but that he’s always been respectful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023030\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023030\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mountain view of Tecate, Mexico, from California’s Jacumba Valley on Dec. 7, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, he says, migrants get crossed through deeper parts of the desert. It’s dangerous terrain, and can take up to a week, but it’s less patrolled by Mexican authorities and U.S. Border Patrol. “We don’t get caught. We have ways,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>An unassuming middle-aged man, Samuel is surveilling as we speak, his eyes darting around. He speaks in short sentences unless he gets heated, like when he’s asked if the incoming Trump administration could hurt his business. “The U.S. can put up a wall,” he says. “But you better make sure it reaches the sky. Because there’s no such thing as a problem for us. Like a mouse, we’ll find a hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several miles up, on the other side of the border, many people envision a very different future under Trump’s administration, one with an impenetrable border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023031\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023031\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-800x662.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-1020x844.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-160x132.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-1536x1271.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Monroe at the US southern border in Jacumba Valley, California, on Dec. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kate Monroe is the founder of Border Vets, a group of military veterans that advocate for stronger border security. We meet her on the San Diego side of the border, in what’s known as the Jacumba Wilderness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR has reported extensively in this region. In the past few years, it’s been the site of massive informal open-air detention camps. “Up until just a few months ago, you would see 500 to 1,000 people a day crossing in every single hole along this border, in broad daylight,” she says. That sight scared her. “Americans, we don’t have to go quietly into the night. We can stand up and fight that,” referring to illegal crossings.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101908347,news_12021487,news_12016488\"]Still, for the last few months, it’s been quieter out here as border crossings go down or, depending on who you ask, go further underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe’s hope is that the incoming president takes border enforcement further. She says she’s looking forward to seeing mass deportations of immigrants with criminal records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone can agree that those people should go,” she says. Monroe also hopes to see a strengthened Border Patrol and the wall finished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being an advocate for tougher immigration and border enforcement doesn’t mean she doesn’t have compassion for immigrants, she says. Particularly when it comes to the risks and dangers women face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe says her military career ended after a brutal sexual assault. When she hears migrant women’s stories and the way sexual assault is often seen as the “price to pay” for making the trek to the U.S., it reminds her of what she endured. “It disgusts me,” she says. “It pains me and my spirit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, she would like to see border security and deportations combined with immigration reform that allows for orderly migration. “If we really want people in our country, we need to build workforce housing, change our visa program, reimagine the way that we handle immigration. All these jobs we say Americans don’t want, we need to put together a plan to get labor here in a way that doesn’t get them assaulted, robbed and killed on the way here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023033\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Monroe visits the southern US border in Jacumba Valley on Dec. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023034\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023034\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Monroe speaks to migrants in Jacumba Valley, after they crossed into the US on Dec. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As we talk, we see a family walking by the border wall. They’re the first migrants I’ve seen out here in three days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look terrified to see us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe gives them water. Two of the girls, ages 4 and 11, start sobbing. Their puffy winter jackets are covered in desert dust. Their father, Ronald, hugs them and cries. “It’s over,” he whispers in their ear. “We’re no longer running away. Nothing can happen to us now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family is from Venezuela. They’ve been on the move for a month. They say it felt too scary to wait in Mexico hoping to get an official appointment for entry into the U.S., so they hired a coyote. When asked about that experience, Ronald’s voice cracks as he says, “To those people, we are nothing but merchandise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a matter of seconds, before he can tell us his last name or the rest of his story, Border Patrol agents arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023035\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mother holds onto her daughter after crossing the southern border in Jacumba Valley as Border Patrol agents process the group. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Can you imagine how humiliating?” Monroe says, pointing at Ronald as he crouches to remove his shoelaces, a standard Border Patrol request, while his daughters watch. “Is this what compassion looks like?” she asks as the family is loaded into the patrol car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe believes scenes like this are a result of policies Democrats put in place. She says there has to be a better way for people to come to America, and that Trump has the answers to fix the broken immigration system.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Unauthorized apprehensions at the US southern border have decreased significantly in the past six months, with the CBP One app one of the main factors. But wait times can be long, and Trump has vowed to shut down the app.",
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"title": "As Trump Takes Office, Border Crossings Are Down. But That's Only Part of the Story | KQED",
"description": "Unauthorized apprehensions at the US southern border have decreased significantly in the past six months, with the CBP One app one of the main factors. But wait times can be long, and Trump has vowed to shut down the app.",
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"headline": "As Trump Takes Office, Border Crossings Are Down. But That's Only Part of the Story",
"datePublished": "2025-01-19T13:00:05-08:00",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/297147616/jasmine-garsd\">Jasmine Garsd\u003c/a>, NPR",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>TIJUANA, Mexico — It’s noon and the sun is brutal. At the foot of a steep hill, in the shade, a woman with an exhausted stare is rocking her child to sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cindy Alamie says she can’t remember the last time she rested, certainly not back in Buenaventura, the city on Colombia’s Pacific coast where she comes from, a place rocked by armed conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband owned a small store there. He was a peace activist in his free time. Local gangs began demanding higher protection fees. She said, “They told us if we didn’t pay, they’d kill our family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alamie says the decision to leave home was made in a matter of seconds. They’d head north to the U.S.-Mexico border and hire a \u003cem>coyote\u003c/em> (a smuggler) to get them to the other side. Her sister, who lives in California, would be waiting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finding a coyote in Tijuana was easy. One guy offered to cross the family of three for $8,000. But folks at Juventud 2000, a shelter in the city, dissuaded them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told us we could get killed out there or caught and sent back to Colombia,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023023\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-1-copy-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Andres Patiño plays with his son outside the Embajadores de Jesús church in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Immigrants like Alamie have decided instead to go the official route by using the CBP One app, which provides an appointment to request legal entry into the U.S. But she’s been waiting for five months and is starting to get desperate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unauthorized apprehensions at the U.S. southern border have decreased significantly in the past six months — by more than 70% compared with the same period in 2023, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/cbp-releases-december-2024-monthly-update\">Customs and Border Protection\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government attributes the dip to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/06/23/1198912704/bidens-executive-actions-on-immigration-send-mixed-signals\">an executive order\u003c/a> issued last summer by President Biden that severely restricts asylum requests from migrants attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border with no authorization. Another factor is the implementation of the CBP One app, and experts say the Mexican national guard cracking down on migrants heading north is playing a key role, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Biden’s successor, President-elect Donald Trump, takes office on Jan. 20, he will be inheriting a quiet border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alamie says the date is looming in her mind. “I think about it every day,” she says. “I imagine him taking his seat at the White House. And then what’s going to happen?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to ramping up border security, Trump has promised to shut down the CBP One app. “We will stop all migrant flights, end all illegal entries” he \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1835315698169475316?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1835315698169475316%7Ctwgr%5Ec463189ca2f09e6a59829ce2e85febcef0d344a1%7Ctwcon%5Es1_&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonexaminer.com%2Fpolicy%2Fimmigration%2F3227614%2Ftrump-ending-cbp-one-migrant-app-border-consequences%2F\">posted on X last year\u003c/a>, “[and] terminate the Kamala phone app for smuggling illegals,” a reference to the app.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s assertion that the app is used to smuggle people across the border is false. Immigrants seeking asylum use the app to make appointments for screening with U.S. government officials to gain legal entry into the country while they wait to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023024\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023024\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The pedestrian port of entry in Tijuana, Mexico on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023025\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023025\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-3-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tents line the grounds of the migrant shelter Juventud 2000 in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the lower number of border apprehensions only tells part of the story. Behind the scenes, folks on the ground say major shifts are happening in how people cross the border. “Immigrants are still arriving,” says Jose Maria Garcia Lara, director of the Juventud 2000 migrant shelter. “They’re just moving underground.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shelter is just a stone’s throw away from the border wall. It’s so packed that the floor of the main room is covered in back-to-back sleeping tents. Many people here are Mexicans displaced by narco violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this day, a nonprofit is delivering presents to migrant children. The result is utter chaos. Shrieks of delight are punctuated by beeping toy sounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia Lara says this is nothing compared with what it was like early last year. There were so many migrants that people had to camp out in public parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For months now, the number of people arriving at the shelter has gone down,” he says. “They’re still coming to Tijuana though. Becoming invisible. Hiring coyotes who put them up in motels and safe houses, so they can cross over through more remote parts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023026\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023026\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1152\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-800x576.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-1020x734.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-160x115.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-4-copy-e1737242919751-1536x1106.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jose Maria Garcia Lara head of migrant shelter Juventud 2000 in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Humanitarian aid groups say the shift has been notable. “Things along the border have changed in the last year to four months,” says James Crodero of the volunteer group Border Kindness, which leaves first aid supplies and water for migrants along the border. He says crossings have shifted “from more predictable routes that have been used for years on end, to areas that we don’t know. We know for a fact that people are coming across, and it has moved into more dangerous areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside the Tijuana shelter, in her piece of shade, Alamie says she’s reconsidering attempting to cross. The coyote has almost doubled his price, from $8,000 to $15,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s so close,” she sighs, pointing in the direction of the border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a general sense of anxiety at the shelter. Near where Alamie is sitting, a group of women wash clothing at a furious pace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re all from Michoacán, Mexico, and say they’re all fleeing drug violence. They keep trying to get a CBP One appointment with no luck, and they know their window of opportunity is closing. But they don’t want to cross without documents or hire a coyote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked if they’d ever go back home, one woman, Marta, who asks that her last name be withheld fearing cartel violence, smiles wearily. Without pausing her scrubbing, she answers: “Never. But we can’t move forward either. We’re stuck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023027\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-5-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marta from Michoacán, Mexico, washes clothes at the migrant shelter Embajadores de Jesús church in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023028\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023028\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-6-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child peers through the gate doors as women wash clothes at the Embajadores de Jesús church in Tijuana, Mexico, on Dec. 6, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the other side of the city, in a neighborhood up in the hills, a man named Samuel makes a living getting people like Marta and Alamie unstuck. Samuel is a coyote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He will not give his last name because what he does is illegal in both countries. And like all coyotes, he has to give a cut of his profits to a cartel. He won’t tell me which one. He simply refers to them as “\u003cem>los mañosos,\u003c/em>” or “the slick ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samuel says crossing costs between $9,000 and $12,000 for a family. He says he’s heard of coyotes who can “get violent” with women but that he’s always been respectful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023030\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023030\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-7-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mountain view of Tecate, Mexico, from California’s Jacumba Valley on Dec. 7, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, he says, migrants get crossed through deeper parts of the desert. It’s dangerous terrain, and can take up to a week, but it’s less patrolled by Mexican authorities and U.S. Border Patrol. “We don’t get caught. We have ways,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"ad-header \">\n\u003cp>An unassuming middle-aged man, Samuel is surveilling as we speak, his eyes darting around. He speaks in short sentences unless he gets heated, like when he’s asked if the incoming Trump administration could hurt his business. “The U.S. can put up a wall,” he says. “But you better make sure it reaches the sky. Because there’s no such thing as a problem for us. Like a mouse, we’ll find a hole.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several miles up, on the other side of the border, many people envision a very different future under Trump’s administration, one with an impenetrable border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023031\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023031\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-800x662.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-1020x844.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-160x132.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-8-copy-e1737243188696-1536x1271.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Monroe at the US southern border in Jacumba Valley, California, on Dec. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kate Monroe is the founder of Border Vets, a group of military veterans that advocate for stronger border security. We meet her on the San Diego side of the border, in what’s known as the Jacumba Wilderness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR has reported extensively in this region. In the past few years, it’s been the site of massive informal open-air detention camps. “Up until just a few months ago, you would see 500 to 1,000 people a day crossing in every single hole along this border, in broad daylight,” she says. That sight scared her. “Americans, we don’t have to go quietly into the night. We can stand up and fight that,” referring to illegal crossings.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Still, for the last few months, it’s been quieter out here as border crossings go down or, depending on who you ask, go further underground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe’s hope is that the incoming president takes border enforcement further. She says she’s looking forward to seeing mass deportations of immigrants with criminal records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone can agree that those people should go,” she says. Monroe also hopes to see a strengthened Border Patrol and the wall finished.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being an advocate for tougher immigration and border enforcement doesn’t mean she doesn’t have compassion for immigrants, she says. Particularly when it comes to the risks and dangers women face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe says her military career ended after a brutal sexual assault. When she hears migrant women’s stories and the way sexual assault is often seen as the “price to pay” for making the trek to the U.S., it reminds her of what she endured. “It disgusts me,” she says. “It pains me and my spirit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If anything, she would like to see border security and deportations combined with immigration reform that allows for orderly migration. “If we really want people in our country, we need to build workforce housing, change our visa program, reimagine the way that we handle immigration. All these jobs we say Americans don’t want, we need to put together a plan to get labor here in a way that doesn’t get them assaulted, robbed and killed on the way here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023033\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023033\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-9-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Monroe visits the southern US border in Jacumba Valley on Dec. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023034\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023034\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-10-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Monroe speaks to migrants in Jacumba Valley, after they crossed into the US on Dec. 8, 2024. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As we talk, we see a family walking by the border wall. They’re the first migrants I’ve seen out here in three days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They look terrified to see us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe gives them water. Two of the girls, ages 4 and 11, start sobbing. Their puffy winter jackets are covered in desert dust. Their father, Ronald, hugs them and cries. “It’s over,” he whispers in their ear. “We’re no longer running away. Nothing can happen to us now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family is from Venezuela. They’ve been on the move for a month. They say it felt too scary to wait in Mexico hoping to get an official appointment for entry into the U.S., so they hired a coyote. When asked about that experience, Ronald’s voice cracks as he says, “To those people, we are nothing but merchandise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a matter of seconds, before he can tell us his last name or the rest of his story, Border Patrol agents arrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023035\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023035\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/npr.brightspotcdn-11-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A mother holds onto her daughter after crossing the southern border in Jacumba Valley as Border Patrol agents process the group. \u003ccite>(Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Can you imagine how humiliating?” Monroe says, pointing at Ronald as he crouches to remove his shoelaces, a standard Border Patrol request, while his daughters watch. “Is this what compassion looks like?” she asks as the family is loaded into the patrol car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monroe believes scenes like this are a result of policies Democrats put in place. She says there has to be a better way for people to come to America, and that Trump has the answers to fix the broken immigration system.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story originally published on Dec. 23, 2024. It has since been updated. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the San Francisco Bay waterfront, Oksana Demidenko walks through Rosie the Riveter Memorial Park in the city of Richmond, looking at photos of the female factory workers who built World War II Liberty ships here in the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard work, very physical work,” says Demidenko, 56, a Ukrainian nurse who came to California to escape the Russian bombardment of Kiev in 2022. She says “the Rosies” remind her of the women helping the war effort in Ukraine. “Rosie the Riveter, from the start of the war, she inspired people in Ukraine. She was in chats, blogs, everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walking with her is Mary Wogec, a public health administrator who sponsored Demidenko through a humanitarian program called \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/ukraine\">Uniting for Ukraine\u003c/a>, and invited her — and her four cats — to live in her home. Wogec says she signed up to be a sponsor after watching Ukrainians fleeing as the Russian invasion unfolded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just can’t imagine having my life uprooted like that,” she says. “[But] what I’ve seen, first of all, is amazing resilience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Demidenko was granted \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/temporary-protected-status\">Temporary Protected Status\u003c/a>, known as TPS by the U.S. It provides a shield from deportation, and a work permit, although it doesn’t represent permanent legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although aching over having to leave her mother behind in Ukraine, Demidenko says she feels welcome in the U.S. — and safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with President-elect Donald Trump returning to the White House next month, Demidenko is worried her protection could soon end. Trump has vowed a massive deportation campaign and sharp immigration restrictions, including slashing the TPS program, as he tried to do during his first term at the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019641\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019641\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oksana Demidenko hangs traditional Ukrainian embroidered shirts above her closet at her home in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. Hanging from the closet is a sign made by her sponsor, Mary Wogec, welcoming her and her cats to the United States. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Everybody now, we don’t know if we have a future or not,” says Demidenko.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of \u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RS/RS20844/79\">more than 1 million people from 17 countries, including 60,000 from Ukraine \u003c/a>with Temporary Protected Status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program was \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/101st-congress/senate-bill/358\">established by Congress as part of the Immigration Act of 1990\u003c/a> for immigrants living in the U.S. whose home countries are experiencing armed conflict, natural disasters or other “extraordinary conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Democratic and Republican administrations have offered TPS to people from countries in crisis. Protections last from six to 18 months and the government can renew them — or terminate them — depending on country conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Trump team signals plan to end TPS designations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In an Oct. 2 interview with News Nation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsnationnow.com/politics/2024-election/trump-springfield-haitian-migrants-removed/\">Trump said he would revoke TPS for Haitians\u003c/a> and deport them, after amplifying false rumors that Haitian immigrants in Springfield, Ohio were eating their neighbors’ pets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incoming Vice President J.D. Vance \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/19/us/politics/vance-haitian-immigrants-illegal.html\">called Haitians with TPS “illegal aliens.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Theresa Cardinal Brown, an immigration analyst with the Bipartisan Policy Center, says people with TPS are living in the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you get TPS status, that is a government authorization for you to stay,” she said. The Trump transition team did not respond to NPR’s requests for comment about plans to change the TPS program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump advisers maintain that the program is being misused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after the election in November, the man Trump picked as his ‘border czar,’ \u003ca href=\"https://whkradio.com/radioshow/strictly-speaking\">Thomas Homan, told Cleveland talk radio host Bob Frantz\u003c/a> that the administration needs to take a “hard” approach to ending TPS designations and sending people back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019642\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mary Wogec (left) and Oksana Demidenko look through books about traditional Ukrainian embroidery at their home in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Temporary protected status is at the approval of the Secretary of Homeland Security. That could end tomorrow. And if TPS ends, they’re gonna be removable,” he said. “Temporary means temporary. Whatever reason [why] you got temporary protected status — maybe it’s a hurricane in your homeland, maybe war in your homeland — but [when] this situation clears up, you need to go home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown says returning people to shattered countries is challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What capacity do those countries have to accept those repatriations and reintegrate those people into the economy again? I think about a place like Haiti,” which descended into chaos after the president was assassinated in 2021, she said. “Another question is, for example, a country like Venezuela, which will not take back its citizens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incoming president could go to Congress, which has the power to repeal TPS entirely. But Brown thinks it’s unlikely this will happen given the fact that Republicans hold such slim majorities in the House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edward Alden, who studies immigration as a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, expects the incoming Trump administration to do whatever it can to restrict programs such as TPS, DACA and humanitarian parole, as part of his broader plan to limit immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re going to come out of the gate with some really, really aggressive strategies. And I think this is going to be on a scale that none of us in our lifetimes has ever seen before,” he said. “There may be some constraints in the courts. TPS will clearly end up back there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019645\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019645\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oksana Demidenko brushes her cat Java while watching updates about the war in Ukraine at their home in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Teen helped preserve TPS in Trump’s first term\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Trump’s first term,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/15/1136641841/temporary-protected-status-extended-trump-biden\">he sought to revoke the program for around 300,000 immigrants from six countries\u003c/a>. But he was blocked in the courts. The main challenge, a 2018 case known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/cases/ramos-v-nielsen\">Ramos v. Nielsen\u003c/a>, came from a group of TPS beneficiaries and their U.S.-born children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the lawsuit, plaintiffs argued the spirit of the law allows the government to consider current conditions on the ground, not just whether the original crisis that led to TPS had been resolved, as the Trump administration was asserting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the issue could be decided definitively, President Joe Biden\u003ca href=\"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2022-24984.pdf\"> restored TPS for everyone affected\u003c/a>, and the lawsuit was dismissed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crista Ramos was 14 when she and her Salvadoran-born mother \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714388/california-teen-leads-suit-to-keep-hundreds-of-thousands-of-immigrants-in-u-s\">became lead plaintiffs in the suit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Ramos is 20, studying politics at the University of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent evening, she sits at a picnic table with her mother, while her brother practices soccer. She says she joined the lawsuit to make the case that rescinding TPS not only affects the beneficiaries, but their families as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Throughout my high school, that was always in the back of my head: Was my family going to be able to stick together?” Ramos says. “That was a stress that was on me and so many children like me. We could lose our parents at any point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her mother, Cristina Morales, 44, is an educator who works with autistic children. She came to California as a teenager three decades ago and put down roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a homeowner. My kids are in college. My husband and I, we’ve been together since high school,” she said. “Being under TPS protected me. But then I learned the hard way… this is a temporary status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because she first entered illegally, Morales has no path to citizenship. Instead, she clings to the hope the government will renew her TPS every 18 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with Trump returning to the White House, Ramos fears her mother is again at risk of deportation. She came of age in one legal battle, and says she’s bracing to defend TPS again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me, it’s not even sadness. It’s just anger that we have to relive this traumatic experience again,” Ramos says. “But I want to turn that anger into change, to fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making a home in California amid uncertainty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the Richmond waterfront park, Demidenko marvels at the flowers growing in December. She’s feeling more at home in California, with visits to the redwoods, the coastline along Highway 1 and the state capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019647\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019647\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oksana Demidenko takes a photo on her phone of flowers at Marina Bay Park in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And she says she loves her job as a technician in a state public health laboratory, tracking respiratory viruses like avian flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very interesting,” she says. “I love it because I can help the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Demidenko first arrived in the country, she planned to apply for a nursing license. But in talking with Wogec, who also works in public health, she learned that California has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OSPHLD/LFS/Pages/CLTAC-Lab-Workforce-Subcommittee-Report-2022.aspx\">shortage of clinical laboratory scientists\u003c/a>.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_12016037,news_12015876,news_12015449\"]“I told her a little bit about it and she said, ‘I always wanted to work in a laboratory,” says Wogec. “Her grandfather was a famous scientist in Ukraine. … And she said, ‘When I was a little girl, I would go to my grandfather’s lab and I love labs.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the sun sparkling on the water of the bay and pleasure boats motoring by, the bombings in Ukraine seem far away. But Demidenko says the fear she felt, huddling on the floor of her hallway in Kiev as air raid sirens wailed, remains vivid. It still jolts her awake some nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You haven’t time to go to a shelter, because first it’s a rocket and after that [you hear the] sirens,” she says. “Nobody’s safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wogec says the TPS holders she knows are hardworking people contributing to this country, and the government should find a way to keep them here legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t even imagine that the United States would send people back to Ukraine or Afghanistan. Not to mention Nicaragua or Haiti,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Demidenko says she’s turning Wogec’s garage into a workshop for making natural soaps. That was her hobby in Ukraine, but now she’s thinking \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if she loses her work permit, she might try to start a soap business as a potential avenue toward a visa.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll start my business,” she says, “because maybe it’ll give me a chance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TPS for Ukrainians had been set to expire April 19, and for Salvadorans like Morales, even earlier: March 9. But on Jan. 10, Biden \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/01/10/dhs-extend-temporary-protected-status-ukraine\">extended TPS for Ukraine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/01/10/dhs-publishes-federal-register-notice-extending-temporary-protected-status-el\">El Salvador\u003c/a>, as well as Venezuela and Sudan. So – for now – Demidenko and Morales can breathe a little easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story originally published on Dec. 23, 2024. It has since been updated. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the San Francisco Bay waterfront, Oksana Demidenko walks through Rosie the Riveter Memorial Park in the city of Richmond, looking at photos of the female factory workers who built World War II Liberty ships here in the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard work, very physical work,” says Demidenko, 56, a Ukrainian nurse who came to California to escape the Russian bombardment of Kiev in 2022. She says “the Rosies” remind her of the women helping the war effort in Ukraine. “Rosie the Riveter, from the start of the war, she inspired people in Ukraine. She was in chats, blogs, everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walking with her is Mary Wogec, a public health administrator who sponsored Demidenko through a humanitarian program called \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/ukraine\">Uniting for Ukraine\u003c/a>, and invited her — and her four cats — to live in her home. Wogec says she signed up to be a sponsor after watching Ukrainians fleeing as the Russian invasion unfolded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just can’t imagine having my life uprooted like that,” she says. “[But] what I’ve seen, first of all, is amazing resilience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Demidenko was granted \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/humanitarian/temporary-protected-status\">Temporary Protected Status\u003c/a>, known as TPS by the U.S. It provides a shield from deportation, and a work permit, although it doesn’t represent permanent legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although aching over having to leave her mother behind in Ukraine, Demidenko says she feels welcome in the U.S. — and safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with President-elect Donald Trump returning to the White House next month, Demidenko is worried her protection could soon end. Trump has vowed a massive deportation campaign and sharp immigration restrictions, including slashing the TPS program, as he tried to do during his first term at the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019641\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019641\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-4-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oksana Demidenko hangs traditional Ukrainian embroidered shirts above her closet at her home in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. Hanging from the closet is a sign made by her sponsor, Mary Wogec, welcoming her and her cats to the United States. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Everybody now, we don’t know if we have a future or not,” says Demidenko.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is one of \u003ca href=\"https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/RS/RS20844/79\">more than 1 million people from 17 countries, including 60,000 from Ukraine \u003c/a>with Temporary Protected Status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program was \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/101st-congress/senate-bill/358\">established by Congress as part of the Immigration Act of 1990\u003c/a> for immigrants living in the U.S. whose home countries are experiencing armed conflict, natural disasters or other “extraordinary conditions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Democratic and Republican administrations have offered TPS to people from countries in crisis. Protections last from six to 18 months and the government can renew them — or terminate them — depending on country conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Trump team signals plan to end TPS designations\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In an Oct. 2 interview with News Nation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsnationnow.com/politics/2024-election/trump-springfield-haitian-migrants-removed/\">Trump said he would revoke TPS for Haitians\u003c/a> and deport them, after amplifying false rumors that Haitian immigrants in Springfield, Ohio were eating their neighbors’ pets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Incoming Vice President J.D. Vance \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/19/us/politics/vance-haitian-immigrants-illegal.html\">called Haitians with TPS “illegal aliens.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Theresa Cardinal Brown, an immigration analyst with the Bipartisan Policy Center, says people with TPS are living in the U.S. legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you get TPS status, that is a government authorization for you to stay,” she said. The Trump transition team did not respond to NPR’s requests for comment about plans to change the TPS program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Trump advisers maintain that the program is being misused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after the election in November, the man Trump picked as his ‘border czar,’ \u003ca href=\"https://whkradio.com/radioshow/strictly-speaking\">Thomas Homan, told Cleveland talk radio host Bob Frantz\u003c/a> that the administration needs to take a “hard” approach to ending TPS designations and sending people back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019642\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-5-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mary Wogec (left) and Oksana Demidenko look through books about traditional Ukrainian embroidery at their home in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Temporary protected status is at the approval of the Secretary of Homeland Security. That could end tomorrow. And if TPS ends, they’re gonna be removable,” he said. “Temporary means temporary. Whatever reason [why] you got temporary protected status — maybe it’s a hurricane in your homeland, maybe war in your homeland — but [when] this situation clears up, you need to go home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown says returning people to shattered countries is challenging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What capacity do those countries have to accept those repatriations and reintegrate those people into the economy again? I think about a place like Haiti,” which descended into chaos after the president was assassinated in 2021, she said. “Another question is, for example, a country like Venezuela, which will not take back its citizens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incoming president could go to Congress, which has the power to repeal TPS entirely. But Brown thinks it’s unlikely this will happen given the fact that Republicans hold such slim majorities in the House and Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edward Alden, who studies immigration as a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, expects the incoming Trump administration to do whatever it can to restrict programs such as TPS, DACA and humanitarian parole, as part of his broader plan to limit immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re going to come out of the gate with some really, really aggressive strategies. And I think this is going to be on a scale that none of us in our lifetimes has ever seen before,” he said. “There may be some constraints in the courts. TPS will clearly end up back there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019645\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019645\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oksana Demidenko brushes her cat Java while watching updates about the war in Ukraine at their home in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Teen helped preserve TPS in Trump’s first term\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Trump’s first term,\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/11/15/1136641841/temporary-protected-status-extended-trump-biden\">he sought to revoke the program for around 300,000 immigrants from six countries\u003c/a>. But he was blocked in the courts. The main challenge, a 2018 case known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclusocal.org/en/cases/ramos-v-nielsen\">Ramos v. Nielsen\u003c/a>, came from a group of TPS beneficiaries and their U.S.-born children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the lawsuit, plaintiffs argued the spirit of the law allows the government to consider current conditions on the ground, not just whether the original crisis that led to TPS had been resolved, as the Trump administration was asserting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the issue could be decided definitively, President Joe Biden\u003ca href=\"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2022-24984.pdf\"> restored TPS for everyone affected\u003c/a>, and the lawsuit was dismissed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crista Ramos was 14 when she and her Salvadoran-born mother \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714388/california-teen-leads-suit-to-keep-hundreds-of-thousands-of-immigrants-in-u-s\">became lead plaintiffs in the suit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Ramos is 20, studying politics at the University of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent evening, she sits at a picnic table with her mother, while her brother practices soccer. She says she joined the lawsuit to make the case that rescinding TPS not only affects the beneficiaries, but their families as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Throughout my high school, that was always in the back of my head: Was my family going to be able to stick together?” Ramos says. “That was a stress that was on me and so many children like me. We could lose our parents at any point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her mother, Cristina Morales, 44, is an educator who works with autistic children. She came to California as a teenager three decades ago and put down roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m a homeowner. My kids are in college. My husband and I, we’ve been together since high school,” she said. “Being under TPS protected me. But then I learned the hard way… this is a temporary status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because she first entered illegally, Morales has no path to citizenship. Instead, she clings to the hope the government will renew her TPS every 18 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with Trump returning to the White House, Ramos fears her mother is again at risk of deportation. She came of age in one legal battle, and says she’s bracing to defend TPS again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For me, it’s not even sadness. It’s just anger that we have to relive this traumatic experience again,” Ramos says. “But I want to turn that anger into change, to fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making a home in California amid uncertainty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the Richmond waterfront park, Demidenko marvels at the flowers growing in December. She’s feeling more at home in California, with visits to the redwoods, the coastline along Highway 1 and the state capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12019647\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12019647\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-7-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Oksana Demidenko takes a photo on her phone of flowers at Marina Bay Park in Richmond, on Dec. 17, 2024. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And she says she loves her job as a technician in a state public health laboratory, tracking respiratory viruses like avian flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very interesting,” she says. “I love it because I can help the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Demidenko first arrived in the country, she planned to apply for a nursing license. But in talking with Wogec, who also works in public health, she learned that California has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OSPHLD/LFS/Pages/CLTAC-Lab-Workforce-Subcommittee-Report-2022.aspx\">shortage of clinical laboratory scientists\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I told her a little bit about it and she said, ‘I always wanted to work in a laboratory,” says Wogec. “Her grandfather was a famous scientist in Ukraine. … And she said, ‘When I was a little girl, I would go to my grandfather’s lab and I love labs.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the sun sparkling on the water of the bay and pleasure boats motoring by, the bombings in Ukraine seem far away. But Demidenko says the fear she felt, huddling on the floor of her hallway in Kiev as air raid sirens wailed, remains vivid. It still jolts her awake some nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You haven’t time to go to a shelter, because first it’s a rocket and after that [you hear the] sirens,” she says. “Nobody’s safe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wogec says the TPS holders she knows are hardworking people contributing to this country, and the government should find a way to keep them here legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t even imagine that the United States would send people back to Ukraine or Afghanistan. Not to mention Nicaragua or Haiti,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her part, Demidenko says she’s turning Wogec’s garage into a workshop for making natural soaps. That was her hobby in Ukraine, but now she’s thinking \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">if she loses her work permit, she might try to start a soap business as a potential avenue toward a visa.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ll start my business,” she says, “because maybe it’ll give me a chance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TPS for Ukrainians had been set to expire April 19, and for Salvadorans like Morales, even earlier: March 9. But on Jan. 10, Biden \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/01/10/dhs-extend-temporary-protected-status-ukraine\">extended TPS for Ukraine\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/01/10/dhs-publishes-federal-register-notice-extending-temporary-protected-status-el\">El Salvador\u003c/a>, as well as Venezuela and Sudan. So – for now – Demidenko and Morales can breathe a little easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-nonprofit-empowers-half-moon-bay-farmworkers-healing-resources",
"title": "This California Nonprofit Empowers Half Moon Bay Farmworkers With Healing, Resources",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a rainy morning a few weeks before Christmas, Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga arrived at California Terra Garden, a mushroom farm in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/half-moon-bay\">Half Moon Bay\u003c/a>, with about two dozen staff and volunteers from the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.alasdreams.com/\">Ayudando Latinos a Soñar\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group emerged from the Farmworker Equity Express Bus, a double-decker coach, carrying bags filled with handmade tamales, Christmas gifts and groceries to give out to farmworkers. A priest and a musician played Christmas carols in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga donned a green Santa hat to match her green hoodie, which read, “Our veggies are Moon Raised.” The 53-year-old, with bright pink lipstick, imparted the cheerful vibe of the event, a welcome contrast to the history of this farm as the site of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11938972/7-killed-in-monday-shooting-massacre-in-half-moon-bay\">a mass shooting in January of 2023. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ALAS brought aid to workers at California Terra Garden for years before the shooting and has continued, undeterred, since. Hernandez-Arriaga founded the organization in 2011 with the mantra “cultura cura,” which means “culture cures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything ALAS does — from distributing basic necessities, putting on events and offering immigration services, music classes for kids and adults and mental health counseling — is infused with Latinx culture to empower the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12018720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12018720\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ayudando Latinos A Soñar (ALAS) founder Dr. Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga greets seniors of the Corazones de Oro program during a lunch at the ALAS Community Arts Center in Half Moon Bay, California, on Monday, Dec. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga never imagined how vital the healing part of the group’s mission would be after a mass shooting, which thrust Half Moon Bay’s farmworker community into the national spotlight and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939470/deplorable-heartbreaking-officials-pledge-to-investigate-labor-conditions-at-mushroom-farms-targeted-in-half-moon-bay-shootings\">exposed the decrepit living conditions\u003c/a> hundreds of farmworkers are forced to live in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For far too long, Hernandez-Arriaga said, farmworkers in Half Moon Bay have contributed to the region’s economy with their labor but were largely left out of the broader community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Latinos] are present in the economic workforce. We’re present in the job industry,” she said. “Farmworkers here are putting food on the tables for our community. Mothers are caring for the children of the community here. We’re not present in the way of cultural citizenship. When traditions are really alive in the community and there are spaces to bring us together, that creates healing and that centers healing and pride and joy and visibility in a collective way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12014006 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/Rogelio_Garcia_-_Convivir1-e1731360269373-1020x616.png']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met Hernandez-Arriaga in the fall of 2023 when I reported on a program ALAS created to bring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11940252/another-opportunity-to-fight-for-change-half-moon-bay-farmworker-advocate-to-attend-state-of-the-union\">accordion classes to farmworkers as a form of music therapy\u003c/a>. The arts are often treated as just a “tradition or custom,” she said, but it really is what’s known in psychology as “cultural sensory intervention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cultura is our medicine,” she said. “This is not something that I’m developing or that we’re seeing as new.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga’s background is in social work and counseling. She earned her master’s in social work at Our Lady of the Lake University before moving to the Bay Area nearly 25 years ago to work as a social worker for incarcerated youth in Santa Clara County. She has since earned a doctorate in education from the University of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She moved to Half Moon Bay in 2002 with her husband and three daughters — one now 20-year-old college student and 18-year-old twins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She volunteered as a counselor for young people and began to notice a familiar condition — kids feeling embarrassed about their heritage and like outsiders in their community, similar to what she felt growing up in rural Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both of her grandfathers were lifelong farmworkers. Her mother picked cotton and went to segregated schools, Hernandez-Arriaga recalled. Even though she was an award-winning high school student, she felt that she had to be ashamed of her Mexican roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12018721\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12018721\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ayudando Latinos A Soñar (ALAS) founder Dr. Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga, right, embraces Lorena Acosta, left, of the Corazones de Oro senior program during a lunch at the ALAS Community Arts Center in Half Moon Bay, California, on Monday, Dec. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I felt the slow death of the loss of my culture, the loss of being proud of who I was,” she said. “I grew up with a lack of connection to cultura. Although I felt it burning inside of me, on the outside, I had to be very assimilated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before moving to Half Moon Bay, Hernandez-Arriaga lived in San Jose, where Latine culture permeates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I realized after several years that this community of Half Moon Bay was, in many ways, suffering the same experiences that I had growing up in Texas: a lot of racism, discrimination, othering, not being valued for speaking Spanish, looking down upon,” she said. “And, I thought, this cannot be happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga’s comments made me think about what representation really means. BIPOC communities talk about wanting to feel seen, but true representation goes further than that. We want to feel validated, celebrated and respected as integral members of the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12017277 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/82914079-D49D-465A-8F32-B10D0AC67EB7-1020x680.jpeg']Her response was to start a nonprofit that would address the needs of the community from food to cultural pride. ALAS’s operating budget grew to \u003ca href=\"https://www.alasdreams.com/impact\">$5.3 million in 2024, up from $232,652 in 2018.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the shooting happened, the community came together and said, ‘We need to change living conditions,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, ALAS was already working on a housing development. The group partnered with Mercy Housing, a nonprofit developer, in 2022 to build senior housing on a city-owned lot in downtown Half Moon Bay. The project, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11986281/half-moon-bay-farmworker-housing-gains-approval-after-push-by-newsom\">known as 555 Kelly\u003c/a>, calls for 40 apartments in a five-story building with a community center on the ground floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga thought that the outpouring of outrage and concern over farmworker housing would translate into urgency for 555 Kelly, but instead, the project was delayed by community opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of a sudden, we were a year or more into the project, and it came to a really surprising halt when the planning commission and so many in our community said, ‘We do not want this here. We do not want 555 Kelly. We do not want farmworker housing — or we do want it, but not here in our downtown space where you’re proposing,’” she said. “Why are farm workers always hidden in the fields? Why can’t we have them downtown walking to their medical appointments, walking to church, walking to the mercado, walking to the parks?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Criticism of the project included boilerplate opposition to development — the building is too tall and doesn’t have enough parking — but there was also significant pushback against the community center and communal kitchen on the ground floor. However, that space is crucial, Hernandez-Arriaga said, to create a sense of community for the building’s residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a stern warning from Gov. Gavin Newsom, Half Moon Bay’s planning commission and city council approved the project last June. It could break ground in 2026 and finally welcome residents in 2028, six years after planning began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not done,” Hernandez-Arriaga said. “ALAS is going to fight this through because our farmworker community deserves that and more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Half Moon Bay’s farmworker community was thrust into the national spotlight after the January 2023 mass shooting at two mushroom farms. The fight for housing continues. ",
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"title": "This California Nonprofit Empowers Half Moon Bay Farmworkers With Healing, Resources | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported for K Onda KQED, a monthly newsletter focused on the Bay Area’s Latinx community. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/newsletters/k-onda\">\u003cem>Click here to subscribe.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a rainy morning a few weeks before Christmas, Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga arrived at California Terra Garden, a mushroom farm in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/half-moon-bay\">Half Moon Bay\u003c/a>, with about two dozen staff and volunteers from the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.alasdreams.com/\">Ayudando Latinos a Soñar\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group emerged from the Farmworker Equity Express Bus, a double-decker coach, carrying bags filled with handmade tamales, Christmas gifts and groceries to give out to farmworkers. A priest and a musician played Christmas carols in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga donned a green Santa hat to match her green hoodie, which read, “Our veggies are Moon Raised.” The 53-year-old, with bright pink lipstick, imparted the cheerful vibe of the event, a welcome contrast to the history of this farm as the site of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11938972/7-killed-in-monday-shooting-massacre-in-half-moon-bay\">a mass shooting in January of 2023. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ALAS brought aid to workers at California Terra Garden for years before the shooting and has continued, undeterred, since. Hernandez-Arriaga founded the organization in 2011 with the mantra “cultura cura,” which means “culture cures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everything ALAS does — from distributing basic necessities, putting on events and offering immigration services, music classes for kids and adults and mental health counseling — is infused with Latinx culture to empower the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12018720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12018720\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-016-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ayudando Latinos A Soñar (ALAS) founder Dr. Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga greets seniors of the Corazones de Oro program during a lunch at the ALAS Community Arts Center in Half Moon Bay, California, on Monday, Dec. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga never imagined how vital the healing part of the group’s mission would be after a mass shooting, which thrust Half Moon Bay’s farmworker community into the national spotlight and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939470/deplorable-heartbreaking-officials-pledge-to-investigate-labor-conditions-at-mushroom-farms-targeted-in-half-moon-bay-shootings\">exposed the decrepit living conditions\u003c/a> hundreds of farmworkers are forced to live in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For far too long, Hernandez-Arriaga said, farmworkers in Half Moon Bay have contributed to the region’s economy with their labor but were largely left out of the broader community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Latinos] are present in the economic workforce. We’re present in the job industry,” she said. “Farmworkers here are putting food on the tables for our community. Mothers are caring for the children of the community here. We’re not present in the way of cultural citizenship. When traditions are really alive in the community and there are spaces to bring us together, that creates healing and that centers healing and pride and joy and visibility in a collective way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I met Hernandez-Arriaga in the fall of 2023 when I reported on a program ALAS created to bring \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11940252/another-opportunity-to-fight-for-change-half-moon-bay-farmworker-advocate-to-attend-state-of-the-union\">accordion classes to farmworkers as a form of music therapy\u003c/a>. The arts are often treated as just a “tradition or custom,” she said, but it really is what’s known in psychology as “cultural sensory intervention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cultura is our medicine,” she said. “This is not something that I’m developing or that we’re seeing as new.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga’s background is in social work and counseling. She earned her master’s in social work at Our Lady of the Lake University before moving to the Bay Area nearly 25 years ago to work as a social worker for incarcerated youth in Santa Clara County. She has since earned a doctorate in education from the University of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She moved to Half Moon Bay in 2002 with her husband and three daughters — one now 20-year-old college student and 18-year-old twins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She volunteered as a counselor for young people and began to notice a familiar condition — kids feeling embarrassed about their heritage and like outsiders in their community, similar to what she felt growing up in rural Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both of her grandfathers were lifelong farmworkers. Her mother picked cotton and went to segregated schools, Hernandez-Arriaga recalled. Even though she was an award-winning high school student, she felt that she had to be ashamed of her Mexican roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12018721\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12018721\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241216-KOndaJanuary-JY-018-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ayudando Latinos A Soñar (ALAS) founder Dr. Belinda Hernandez-Arriaga, right, embraces Lorena Acosta, left, of the Corazones de Oro senior program during a lunch at the ALAS Community Arts Center in Half Moon Bay, California, on Monday, Dec. 16, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I felt the slow death of the loss of my culture, the loss of being proud of who I was,” she said. “I grew up with a lack of connection to cultura. Although I felt it burning inside of me, on the outside, I had to be very assimilated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before moving to Half Moon Bay, Hernandez-Arriaga lived in San Jose, where Latine culture permeates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I realized after several years that this community of Half Moon Bay was, in many ways, suffering the same experiences that I had growing up in Texas: a lot of racism, discrimination, othering, not being valued for speaking Spanish, looking down upon,” she said. “And, I thought, this cannot be happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga’s comments made me think about what representation really means. BIPOC communities talk about wanting to feel seen, but true representation goes further than that. We want to feel validated, celebrated and respected as integral members of the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Her response was to start a nonprofit that would address the needs of the community from food to cultural pride. ALAS’s operating budget grew to \u003ca href=\"https://www.alasdreams.com/impact\">$5.3 million in 2024, up from $232,652 in 2018.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the shooting happened, the community came together and said, ‘We need to change living conditions,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As it turned out, ALAS was already working on a housing development. The group partnered with Mercy Housing, a nonprofit developer, in 2022 to build senior housing on a city-owned lot in downtown Half Moon Bay. The project, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11986281/half-moon-bay-farmworker-housing-gains-approval-after-push-by-newsom\">known as 555 Kelly\u003c/a>, calls for 40 apartments in a five-story building with a community center on the ground floor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hernandez-Arriaga thought that the outpouring of outrage and concern over farmworker housing would translate into urgency for 555 Kelly, but instead, the project was delayed by community opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All of a sudden, we were a year or more into the project, and it came to a really surprising halt when the planning commission and so many in our community said, ‘We do not want this here. We do not want 555 Kelly. We do not want farmworker housing — or we do want it, but not here in our downtown space where you’re proposing,’” she said. “Why are farm workers always hidden in the fields? Why can’t we have them downtown walking to their medical appointments, walking to church, walking to the mercado, walking to the parks?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Criticism of the project included boilerplate opposition to development — the building is too tall and doesn’t have enough parking — but there was also significant pushback against the community center and communal kitchen on the ground floor. However, that space is crucial, Hernandez-Arriaga said, to create a sense of community for the building’s residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a stern warning from Gov. Gavin Newsom, Half Moon Bay’s planning commission and city council approved the project last June. It could break ground in 2026 and finally welcome residents in 2028, six years after planning began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not done,” Hernandez-Arriaga said. “ALAS is going to fight this through because our farmworker community deserves that and more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Acres of orange fields sat unpicked in Kern County this week as word of Border Patrol raids circulated through Messenger chats and images of federal agents detaining laborers spread on local Facebook groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Patrol conducted unannounced raids throughout Bakersfield on Tuesday, descending on businesses where day laborers and field workers gather. Agents in unmarked SUVs rounded up people in vans outside a Home Depot and gas station that serves a breakfast popular with field workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This appears to be the first large-scale Border Patrol raid in California since the election of Donald Trump, coming just a day after Congress certified the election on Jan. 6, in the final days of Joe Biden’s presidency. The panic and confusion, for both immigrants and local businesses that rely on their labor, foreshadow what awaits communities across California if Trump follows through on his promise to conduct mass deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was profiling, it was purely field workers,” said Sara Fuentes, store manager of the local gas station. Fuentes said that at 9 a.m., when the store typically gets a rush of workers on their way to pick oranges, two men in civilian clothes and unmarked Suburbans started detaining people outside the store. “They didn’t stop people with FedEx uniforms, they were stopping people who looked like they worked in the fields.” Fuentes says one customer pulled in just to pump gas and agents approached him and detained him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuentes has lived in Bakersfield all her life and says she’s never seen anything like it. In one instance, she said a man and woman drove up to the store together, and the man went inside. Border Patrol detained the man as he walked out, Fuentes said, and then demanded the woman get out of the vehicle. When she refused, another agent parked his vehicle behind the woman, blocking her car. Fuentes said it wasn’t until the local Univision station showed up that Border Patrol agents backed up their car and allowed the woman to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-group\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\u003cp>Fuentes says none of the regular farm workers showed up to buy breakfast on Wednesday morning. “No field workers at all,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growers and agricultural leaders in California and across the nation have warned that Trump’s promised mass deportations will disrupt the nation’s food supply, leading to shortages and higher prices. In Kern County this week, just the word of the deportations inspired workers to stay away from the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are freaked out, people are worried, people are planning on staying home the next couple of days,” said Antonio De Loera-Brust, director of communication for the United Farm Workers. De Loera-Brust said the Border Patrol detained at least one UFW member in Kern County as they “traveled between home and work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Videos shared in local Facebook groups and Instagram pages show Border Patrol agents pulling over vehicles along Highway 99 on Tuesday and Wednesday in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“They were stopping cars at random, asking people for papers. They were going to gas stations and Home Depot where day laborers gather,” said Antonio De Loera-Brust. “It’s provoking intense anxiety and a lot of fear in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection did not respond to a request for comment. On social media, Gregory K. Bovino, the Border Patrol chief in El Centro, called the sweeps “Operation Return to Sender.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are taking it to the bad people and bad things in Bakersfield,” the El Centro Border Patrol said in response to a comment on its Facebook page. “We are planning operations for other locals (sic) such as Fresno and especially Sacramento.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12021488\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A US Customs and Border Protection patch on the uniform of an agent in the Jacumba mountains in Imperial County on Oct. 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Allison Dinner/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how many people have been detained by Border Patrol or how long the operation would last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in the middle of our citrus harvesting. This sent shockwaves through the entire community,” said Casey Creamer, president of the industry group California Citrus Mutual, on Thursday. “People aren’t going to work and kids aren’t going to school. Yesterday, about 25% of the workforce, today 75% didn’t show up.”[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101908347,news_12016440,news_12016488\"]He pushed back on the Border Patrol’s claims they’re targeting bad people. He said they appeared to be general sweeps of workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this is the new normal, this is absolute economic devastation,” said Richard S. Gearhart, an associate professor of economics at Cal State, Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the short term, he predicted farms and dairies could make up the losses, but that homebuilders, restaurants and small businesses would be most hurt financially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he’s worried about the long-term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are talking about a recession-level event if this is the new long-term norm,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agriculture comprises about 10% of Kern County’s gross domestic product and undocumented workers may comprise half of the workforce, he said. And the Central Valley provides about a quarter of the United States’ food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, you WILL see, in the long run, food inflation and food shortages,” he wrote in a text message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He predicted immigrants, even ones with documents, would stop shopping, going to school and seeking health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, this could have some serious deleterious long run impacts beyond lost farm productivity. Losses in education and health would be catastrophic,” he said. “Basically, you know how Kern County complains about oil? This event would be analogous to shutting down oil production. Economic catastrophe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Acres of orange fields sat unpicked in Kern County this week as word of Border Patrol raids circulated through Messenger chats and images of federal agents detaining laborers spread on local Facebook groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Patrol conducted unannounced raids throughout Bakersfield on Tuesday, descending on businesses where day laborers and field workers gather. Agents in unmarked SUVs rounded up people in vans outside a Home Depot and gas station that serves a breakfast popular with field workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This appears to be the first large-scale Border Patrol raid in California since the election of Donald Trump, coming just a day after Congress certified the election on Jan. 6, in the final days of Joe Biden’s presidency. The panic and confusion, for both immigrants and local businesses that rely on their labor, foreshadow what awaits communities across California if Trump follows through on his promise to conduct mass deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was profiling, it was purely field workers,” said Sara Fuentes, store manager of the local gas station. Fuentes said that at 9 a.m., when the store typically gets a rush of workers on their way to pick oranges, two men in civilian clothes and unmarked Suburbans started detaining people outside the store. “They didn’t stop people with FedEx uniforms, they were stopping people who looked like they worked in the fields.” Fuentes says one customer pulled in just to pump gas and agents approached him and detained him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fuentes has lived in Bakersfield all her life and says she’s never seen anything like it. In one instance, she said a man and woman drove up to the store together, and the man went inside. Border Patrol detained the man as he walked out, Fuentes said, and then demanded the woman get out of the vehicle. When she refused, another agent parked his vehicle behind the woman, blocking her car. Fuentes said it wasn’t until the local Univision station showed up that Border Patrol agents backed up their car and allowed the woman to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-group\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n\u003cp>Fuentes says none of the regular farm workers showed up to buy breakfast on Wednesday morning. “No field workers at all,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growers and agricultural leaders in California and across the nation have warned that Trump’s promised mass deportations will disrupt the nation’s food supply, leading to shortages and higher prices. In Kern County this week, just the word of the deportations inspired workers to stay away from the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are freaked out, people are worried, people are planning on staying home the next couple of days,” said Antonio De Loera-Brust, director of communication for the United Farm Workers. De Loera-Brust said the Border Patrol detained at least one UFW member in Kern County as they “traveled between home and work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Videos shared in local Facebook groups and Instagram pages show Border Patrol agents pulling over vehicles along Highway 99 on Tuesday and Wednesday in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>“They were stopping cars at random, asking people for papers. They were going to gas stations and Home Depot where day laborers gather,” said Antonio De Loera-Brust. “It’s provoking intense anxiety and a lot of fear in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection did not respond to a request for comment. On social media, Gregory K. Bovino, the Border Patrol chief in El Centro, called the sweeps “Operation Return to Sender.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are taking it to the bad people and bad things in Bakersfield,” the El Centro Border Patrol said in response to a comment on its Facebook page. “We are planning operations for other locals (sic) such as Fresno and especially Sacramento.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021488\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12021488\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/100622_Border-Patrol-Seal_GETTY_CM_01-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A US Customs and Border Protection patch on the uniform of an agent in the Jacumba mountains in Imperial County on Oct. 6, 2022. \u003ccite>(Allison Dinner/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how many people have been detained by Border Patrol or how long the operation would last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in the middle of our citrus harvesting. This sent shockwaves through the entire community,” said Casey Creamer, president of the industry group California Citrus Mutual, on Thursday. “People aren’t going to work and kids aren’t going to school. Yesterday, about 25% of the workforce, today 75% didn’t show up.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He pushed back on the Border Patrol’s claims they’re targeting bad people. He said they appeared to be general sweeps of workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this is the new normal, this is absolute economic devastation,” said Richard S. Gearhart, an associate professor of economics at Cal State, Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the short term, he predicted farms and dairies could make up the losses, but that homebuilders, restaurants and small businesses would be most hurt financially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he’s worried about the long-term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You are talking about a recession-level event if this is the new long-term norm,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agriculture comprises about 10% of Kern County’s gross domestic product and undocumented workers may comprise half of the workforce, he said. And the Central Valley provides about a quarter of the United States’ food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, you WILL see, in the long run, food inflation and food shortages,” he wrote in a text message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He predicted immigrants, even ones with documents, would stop shopping, going to school and seeking health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, this could have some serious deleterious long run impacts beyond lost farm productivity. Losses in education and health would be catastrophic,” he said. “Basically, you know how Kern County complains about oil? This event would be analogous to shutting down oil production. Economic catastrophe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"source": "NPR"
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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