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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_54812\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/Leaf2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-54812\" title=\"Leaf2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/Leaf2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"196\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Nissan all-electric Leaf on San Francisco streets. (Photo: Josh Cassidy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board has unanimously approved sweeping new rules designed to facilitate the transition from gasoline-powered to electric and hydrogen-powered cars. By 2025, automakers are now required to produce 1.4 million “zero-emission” vehicles for the California market, a number that would make clean cars 15 percent of all new car and truck sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules also require automakers, by 2025, to halve greenhouse gas emissions emanating from vehicle tailpipes, compared to current levels. The federal Environmental Protection Agency is considering similar emissions rules, as well as a new fuel economy standard of 54.5 mpg by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators hope the new rules will lead to the widespread adoption of zero-emission vehicles, which they say is critical for meeting California’s goal of cutting greenhouse gas emissions 80% by 2050. That goal was established by executive order by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenneger, and goes beyond the cuts mandated by California's landmark global warming law, AB 32. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the board's calculations, zero-emission vehicles will have to make up nearly 100% of new car sales in 2040 and beyond to meet that goal. “Without [the transition from gasoline to clean cars], which may appear to be radical to people, you cannot lower CO2 emissions enough to stop the global climate change that’s occurring,” says Tom Cackette of the Air Resources Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air Resources Board estimates that the new rules will raise the average sticker price on 2025 model year cars by $1900. However, the board says, the savings in fuel costs over the life of the car will be three times that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules announced today include the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Greenhouse gas emissions cuts\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe rules cut greenhouse gas emissions from tailpipes 47% by 2025 compared to today’s new cars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cuts in smog-forming emissions\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nToday’s cars are 99% cleaner than cars were in the 1960s. But the new rules reduce smog-forming emissions from tailpipes a further 75% by 2025.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Zero-emission vehicle mandate\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBeginning in 2018, automakers must sell increasing numbers of electric cars, hydrogen fuel-cell cars or other cars emitting little to no pollution. By 2025, zero-emission vehicles must make up 15% of new car sales. In the early years of the program, car companies can get credit for plug-in hybrid car sales or for going above and beyond requirements of the greenhouse gas rule.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Hydrogen Fuel Stations\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe rules would require gas stations to install hydrogen fueling pumps based on the number of hydrogen fuel-cell cars in the state. The oil companies are negotiating with ARB on a Memorandum of Agreement that would allow them to avoid regulation if they build hydrogen stations with government or private funding.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As for the response from the car industry, at a public meeting this week automakers asked for maximum flexibility in meeting the new sales mandate. They say success will ultimately depend on consumer adoption of the new technology, which includes cars like the all-electric Nissan Leaf and the Chevy Volt plug-in hybrid. Of the 10,000 Leafs sold in the US, almost 4,500 of them were sold in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a long, long bridge between here and 2025 to grow 15 percent of the market on a car that’s not price competitive, on a car that’s not performance competitive, on a car that will inevitably have infrastructure issues,” says Bill Reinert with Toyota’s Advanced Technology Group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board didn’t address electric charging infrastructure in these rules, but has committed to looking at the issue in 2014. Currently, there are about 1,200 public charging stations in California and funding exists for several thousand more. Since electric vehicle owners charge their cars predominantly at home, regulators say they aren’t sure how many public charging stations will be needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air Resources Board says it's committed to continuing financial incentives for advanced vehicles, though the program has proven so popular that they have been reduced. Today, consumers can get a $2500 rebate for purchasing a zero-emission vehicle and $1500 for a plug-in hybrid, down from $5000 originally. “We can’t give an assurance that [the funding] will last through the year, so we’re looking at other alternatives,” says Tom Cackette of ARB. (For more on what it's like to buy and drive an electric car, check out QUEST's blog series \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/series/life-with-leaf/\">Life with the Leaf\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More from CARB:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/clean_cars/clean_cars.htm\">California's Advanced clean cars program\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/factsheets/advanced_clean_cars_eng.pdf\">Fact sheet\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_54812\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/Leaf2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-54812\" title=\"Leaf2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/Leaf2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"196\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Nissan all-electric Leaf on San Francisco streets. (Photo: Josh Cassidy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board has unanimously approved sweeping new rules designed to facilitate the transition from gasoline-powered to electric and hydrogen-powered cars. By 2025, automakers are now required to produce 1.4 million “zero-emission” vehicles for the California market, a number that would make clean cars 15 percent of all new car and truck sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rules also require automakers, by 2025, to halve greenhouse gas emissions emanating from vehicle tailpipes, compared to current levels. The federal Environmental Protection Agency is considering similar emissions rules, as well as a new fuel economy standard of 54.5 mpg by 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State regulators hope the new rules will lead to the widespread adoption of zero-emission vehicles, which they say is critical for meeting California’s goal of cutting greenhouse gas emissions 80% by 2050. That goal was established by executive order by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenneger, and goes beyond the cuts mandated by California's landmark global warming law, AB 32. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the board's calculations, zero-emission vehicles will have to make up nearly 100% of new car sales in 2040 and beyond to meet that goal. “Without [the transition from gasoline to clean cars], which may appear to be radical to people, you cannot lower CO2 emissions enough to stop the global climate change that’s occurring,” says Tom Cackette of the Air Resources Board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air Resources Board estimates that the new rules will raise the average sticker price on 2025 model year cars by $1900. However, the board says, the savings in fuel costs over the life of the car will be three times that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new rules announced today include the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Greenhouse gas emissions cuts\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe rules cut greenhouse gas emissions from tailpipes 47% by 2025 compared to today’s new cars.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cuts in smog-forming emissions\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nToday’s cars are 99% cleaner than cars were in the 1960s. But the new rules reduce smog-forming emissions from tailpipes a further 75% by 2025.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Zero-emission vehicle mandate\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBeginning in 2018, automakers must sell increasing numbers of electric cars, hydrogen fuel-cell cars or other cars emitting little to no pollution. By 2025, zero-emission vehicles must make up 15% of new car sales. In the early years of the program, car companies can get credit for plug-in hybrid car sales or for going above and beyond requirements of the greenhouse gas rule.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Hydrogen Fuel Stations\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe rules would require gas stations to install hydrogen fueling pumps based on the number of hydrogen fuel-cell cars in the state. The oil companies are negotiating with ARB on a Memorandum of Agreement that would allow them to avoid regulation if they build hydrogen stations with government or private funding.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As for the response from the car industry, at a public meeting this week automakers asked for maximum flexibility in meeting the new sales mandate. They say success will ultimately depend on consumer adoption of the new technology, which includes cars like the all-electric Nissan Leaf and the Chevy Volt plug-in hybrid. Of the 10,000 Leafs sold in the US, almost 4,500 of them were sold in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a long, long bridge between here and 2025 to grow 15 percent of the market on a car that’s not price competitive, on a car that’s not performance competitive, on a car that will inevitably have infrastructure issues,” says Bill Reinert with Toyota’s Advanced Technology Group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board didn’t address electric charging infrastructure in these rules, but has committed to looking at the issue in 2014. Currently, there are about 1,200 public charging stations in California and funding exists for several thousand more. Since electric vehicle owners charge their cars predominantly at home, regulators say they aren’t sure how many public charging stations will be needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Air Resources Board says it's committed to continuing financial incentives for advanced vehicles, though the program has proven so popular that they have been reduced. Today, consumers can get a $2500 rebate for purchasing a zero-emission vehicle and $1500 for a plug-in hybrid, down from $5000 originally. “We can’t give an assurance that [the funding] will last through the year, so we’re looking at other alternatives,” says Tom Cackette of ARB. (For more on what it's like to buy and drive an electric car, check out QUEST's blog series \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/series/life-with-leaf/\">Life with the Leaf\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More from CARB:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/clean_cars/clean_cars.htm\">California's Advanced clean cars program\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/zevprog/factsheets/advanced_clean_cars_eng.pdf\">Fact sheet\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Richmond Selected as Site for Second Lawrence Berkeley National Lab",
"title": "Richmond Selected as Site for Second Lawrence Berkeley National Lab",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_54175\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/cropLBNLIllustration_012312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-54175\" title=\"cropLBNLIllustration_012312\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/cropLBNLIllustration_012312.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An architectural rendering of the Richmond site. Courtesy LBNL.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a statement released this morning, the University of California, Berkeley announced it has chosen the Richmond Field Station to locate its second new laboratory. The site, already owned by the university, would be best suited to handle \"long-term growth\" and \"pressing space problems,\" \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.lbl.gov/feature-stories/2012/01/23/berkeley-lab-selects-richmond-field-station-as-preferred-site/\">the statement read\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Quest Reporter Amy Standen \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/six-bay-area-cities-play-the-waiting-game/\">covered the story last week\u003c/a>, taking a look at the six locations that had been narrowed down as possible choices. Sites in Alameda, Albany, Berkeley, Emeryville, Oakland and Richmond were considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/six-bay-area-cities-play-the-waiting-game/\">\u003cem>Six Bay Area Cities Play the Waiting Game\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/staff_roster.shtml\">Will Travis\u003c/a> – who, until recently, headed the Bay Conservation and Development Commission, a state agency that regulates building around the bay – says, sure, big development projects happen all the time in the Bay Area. But Lawrence Berkeley labs is what he calls \"a platinum level, marquee\" project.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since it was founded in 1931, thirteen Nobel prizes have been won on work done here. Sixteen elements added to the periodic table. World-famous innovations in medical science, alternative energy and atomic research that helped win World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It reflects who we are as a society, a knowledge-based society,\" says Travis, \"and this is the epitome of that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a staff of \u003ca href=\"http://www.lbl.gov/LBL-PID/Lab_Facts/index.html\">4,000 and a budget of more than $800 million\u003c/a>, the Lawrence Berkeley Lab has been overflowing its headquarters in the Berkeley Hills for some time. Research on \u003ca href=\"http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/news/news_detail.cfm/news_id=17669\">biofuels\u003c/a> and other fields has spilled over to satellite offices in Emeryville and Walnut Creek. The idea is to consolidate those operations into a second campus.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>All of the sites were \"flat and near the water,\" Standen reported, and several had unique features. The Alameda site was the decommissioned Naval Base; the Albany site was near bird habitats and could ruffle feathers among avid bird watchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three of the sites were partially located in Berkeley; our news partner Berkeleyside \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2012/01/23/breaking-berkeley-lab-chooses-richmond-for-2nd-campus/\">covers the story\u003c/a> from that city's angle. KQED Staff \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/08/04/cities-vie-for-a-second-lawrence-berkeley-lab-campus-a-critic-speaks-out/\">covered the multi-city showdown\u003c/a> as it unfolded last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://richmondconfidential.org/2011/05/10/richmond-named-as-finalist-in-lawrence-berkeley-national-lab-campus-bid/\">The Richmond site\u003c/a> is located near the Golden Gate Fields racetrack, just off I-580.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The (Richmond) Field station, which Lawrence Berkeley Lab already owns, currently houses several scientific projects, including an earthquake simulator and UC Berkeley's Forest Products Lab.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The university will now develop environmental impact reports and seek final approval from the Department of Energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_54178\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/RichmondWaterfront_2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-54178\" title=\"RichmondWaterfront_2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/RichmondWaterfront_2-300x132.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"132\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Richmond's Waterfront. Courtesy Google Maps.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Richmond's waterfront area, which is also home to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rosietheriveter.org/\">Rosie the Riveter\u003c/a>/WWII Home Front National Historic Park, has seen other potential development in recent years that has been contentious, to say the least. Just about six miles from the Field Station is the Point Molate Fuel Depot, a former fueling stop for Navy ships, and potential casino site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Check out this\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201103020931\"> episode of Forum\u003c/a> from last May, that addressed a non-binding measure on the November 2010 ballot that could build a Las Vegas-style casino managed by the Guidiville Band of Pomo Indians.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_54175\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/cropLBNLIllustration_012312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-54175\" title=\"cropLBNLIllustration_012312\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/cropLBNLIllustration_012312.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An architectural rendering of the Richmond site. Courtesy LBNL.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a statement released this morning, the University of California, Berkeley announced it has chosen the Richmond Field Station to locate its second new laboratory. The site, already owned by the university, would be best suited to handle \"long-term growth\" and \"pressing space problems,\" \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.lbl.gov/feature-stories/2012/01/23/berkeley-lab-selects-richmond-field-station-as-preferred-site/\">the statement read\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Quest Reporter Amy Standen \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/six-bay-area-cities-play-the-waiting-game/\">covered the story last week\u003c/a>, taking a look at the six locations that had been narrowed down as possible choices. Sites in Alameda, Albany, Berkeley, Emeryville, Oakland and Richmond were considered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/six-bay-area-cities-play-the-waiting-game/\">\u003cem>Six Bay Area Cities Play the Waiting Game\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/staff_roster.shtml\">Will Travis\u003c/a> – who, until recently, headed the Bay Conservation and Development Commission, a state agency that regulates building around the bay – says, sure, big development projects happen all the time in the Bay Area. But Lawrence Berkeley labs is what he calls \"a platinum level, marquee\" project.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since it was founded in 1931, thirteen Nobel prizes have been won on work done here. Sixteen elements added to the periodic table. World-famous innovations in medical science, alternative energy and atomic research that helped win World War II.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It reflects who we are as a society, a knowledge-based society,\" says Travis, \"and this is the epitome of that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a staff of \u003ca href=\"http://www.lbl.gov/LBL-PID/Lab_Facts/index.html\">4,000 and a budget of more than $800 million\u003c/a>, the Lawrence Berkeley Lab has been overflowing its headquarters in the Berkeley Hills for some time. Research on \u003ca href=\"http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/news/news_detail.cfm/news_id=17669\">biofuels\u003c/a> and other fields has spilled over to satellite offices in Emeryville and Walnut Creek. The idea is to consolidate those operations into a second campus.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>All of the sites were \"flat and near the water,\" Standen reported, and several had unique features. The Alameda site was the decommissioned Naval Base; the Albany site was near bird habitats and could ruffle feathers among avid bird watchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three of the sites were partially located in Berkeley; our news partner Berkeleyside \u003ca href=\"http://www.berkeleyside.com/2012/01/23/breaking-berkeley-lab-chooses-richmond-for-2nd-campus/\">covers the story\u003c/a> from that city's angle. KQED Staff \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/08/04/cities-vie-for-a-second-lawrence-berkeley-lab-campus-a-critic-speaks-out/\">covered the multi-city showdown\u003c/a> as it unfolded last summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Rachael Myrow here, host of the California Report, with a handful of links to cool and/or important stories outside the Bay Area local readers should check out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"Homeless make up growing number of California welfare recipients\" href=\"http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-welfare-20120117,0,6705179.story\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"noopener\">Homeless make up growing number of California welfare recipients\u003c/a> (Los Angeles Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/17/us/young-us-citizens-in-mexico-up-early-to-learn-in-the-us.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\" href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/17/us/young-us-citizens-in-mexico-up-early-to-learn-in-the-us.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\">Young U.S. Citizens in Mexico Up Early to Learn in the U.S.\u003c/a> (New York Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/17/science/for-bio-hackers-lab-work-often-begins-at-home.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\" href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/17/science/for-bio-hackers-lab-work-often-begins-at-home.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\">For Bio-Hackers, Lab Work Often Begins at Home\u003c/a> (New York Times)\u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"http://chronicle.com/article/Investorsa-Calif/130367/?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en\" href=\"http://chronicle.com/article/Investorsa-Calif/130367/?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en\">Investors and a California University Team Up to Start a Bilingual College\u003c/a> (Chronicle of Higher Education)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"http://labusinessjournal.com/news/2012/jan/16/doe-makes-co-development-deal-originoil/\" href=\"http://labusinessjournal.com/news/2012/jan/16/doe-makes-co-development-deal-originoil/\">DOE Makes Development Deal with OriginOil\u003c/a> (Los Angeles Business Journal)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Judge Puts Onus on State to Prove It Considered Methyl Iodide Alternatives",
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"content": "\u003cp>The lawsuit over California’s approval of a controversial pesticide may hinge on a seemingly straightforward question: Did regulators ever ask themselves what would happen if they didn’t approve methyl iodide?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an Oakland courtroom today, Alameda Superior Court Judge Frank Roesch presided over a one-day trial about the pesticide, a fumigant approved by state regulators in December, 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and farm worker groups sued the state, along with Arysta LifeScience, which produces methyl iodide, in January, 2011, contending that the chemical puts farm workers at risk of cancer or miscarriage. They said the state used bad science in approving the chemical, and ignored the concerns of its own scientific advisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earthjustice’s Greg Loarie, representing the plaintiffs, came to the courtroom armed with diagrams and spreadsheets, geared up to give a technical brief on the finer points of pharmacokinetic and uncertainty factors, iodide absorption rates and other eye-glazing toxicological issues. His goal was to prove that the state had cherry-picked its data and methods in order to arrive at a conclusion amenable to methyl iodide manufacturer Arysta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Judge Roesch quickly seized on a different point. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under \u003ca href=\"http://ceres.ca.gov/ceqa/more/faq.html\">California’s Environmental Quality Act\u003c/a>, state agencies must consider alternatives to its proposed decisions, what’s known as a “no-project alternative.” In this case, that could have included evaluating alternatives to methyl iodide, or the possibility of approving the chemical at more conservative exposure levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under questioning from Roesch, Deputy Attorney General Cecilia Dennis, representing the DPR, couldn’t produce a document showing the agency had complied with this stipulation. “Absent that,” said Judge Roesch, “I don’t see how you can prevail in this lawsuit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis argued that such a consideration was implicit in the overall document. She said the DPR leaves it up to local agricultural districts to weigh the pros and cons of using the chemical, a process that effectively serves as a no-project alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Roesch’s focus on the regulatory process, science did make its way into the courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earthjustice’s Loarie pointed to emails – obtained earlier in a public records request by KQED/QUEST – revealing dissent from DPR staff scientists over whether Warmerdam’s science had been sound. The emails come from two staff scientists – Lori Lim and Ruby Reed – who have since left the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawyer for Ayrsta argued that plaintiffs were overplaying the Lim and Reed emails in order to “manufacture” a story of dissent within the agency. He quoted another staff scientist who, memos showed, had found the approval levels to be reasonable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This case is a battle of the experts,” said Dennis. “And, as the court knows, the agency is allowed to pick which experts it relies on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, though, the outcome may rest on process rather than science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Roesch gave the attorneys a week to draft a brief persuading him that DPR is not required to follow CEQA. Earthjustice lawyers will have a week to respond. Judge Roesch will then issue a final ruling on whether or not the state violated California law when it approved methyl iodide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the hearing, a PR representative for Arysta was unwilling to comment, citing the absence of a final ruling from the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Towers of Pesticide Action Network said the judge’s comments had left him feeling optimistic. “We’re hopeful that he’ll ultimately rule that methyl iodide was unfairly approved in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in focusing on procedural issues, was the judge neglecting what plaintiffs consider to be the essential question, namely, is methyl iodide safe to use?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers replied, “there is no debate, as the scientific community has said time and time again, that methyl iodide causes serious health effects. The real debate is whether the state followed its own process and whether political appointees at the top ignored scientists in their own agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Previous posts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update 1:30 p.m.\u003c/strong> The hearing is now over. Reading Amy Standen’s tweets from the courtroom, it looks like the judge has put the burden of proof on the state to justify its decision to approve methyl iodide. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider these:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157537532626735104\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\nhttps://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157537658715897856\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157564821322215424\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal battle over methyl iodide is underway at Alameda County Superior Court in Oakland. KQED’s Amy Standen is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/01/12/lack-of-court-transcript-issue-at-methyl-iodide-trial/#tweet\">\u003cstrong>tweeting live from the courtroom\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case concerns the California Department of Pesticide Regulation’s 2010 decision to approve methyl iodide for use as a fumigant. The chemical’s manufacturer, Arysta LifeSciences, was hoping growers would use it as a substitute for methyl bromide, which has been deemed an ozone-depleting substance and is being phased out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the approval process, DPR asked its scientists to determine a safe level of methyl iodide exposure for farm workers. It also turned to a panel of external researchers to vet the process. The final safe limit the experts came up with was .8 parts per billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the state announced its regulations, that number had swollen to 96 parts per billion. Emails and other documents obtained through a public records request suggested that dismayed scientists were unclear about the origins of the 96 ppb figure, and that a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/08/26/documents-show-deep-rift-over-methyl-iodide-approval-directors-concern-over-manufacturers-reaction/\">deep rift over the approval\u003c/a> developed between the scientific evaluators and the agency’s managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and farmworker groups have since \u003ca href=\"http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/greenspace/2011/01/state-approves-controversial-pesticide.html\">sued the state\u003c/a>. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lab studies in rats have shown exposure to methyl iodide can cause miscarriages and cancer. Case studies of humans show it can cause brain damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Methyl iodide was approved by the federal EPA in 2007, over the concerns of \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/iodomethane_letter.pdf\">54 scientists who urged the agency in a letter \u003c/a>(pdf) to prevent its registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s approval of methyl iodide was also the subject of a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/22/listen-to-the-state-assembly-hearing-on-methyl-iodide/\">joint hearing by the state legislature\u003c/a> in February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/methyl-iodide/\">\u003cstrong>Click here for our previous methyl iodide coverage\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>, including this Amy Standen \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/03/01/methyl-iodide-mystery-where-did-the-state-get-its-higher-safe-level-number-from/\">interview with an executive from the company’s manufacturer\u003c/a>, conducted in an attempt to figure out where the number for the higher exposure level came from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"tweet\">\u003c/a>Click on the play button below to start the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/#!/kqednewslive\">live Twitter feed\u003c/a> from Amy Standen…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://www.coveritlive.com/index2.php/option=com_altcaster/task=viewaltcast/altcast_code=f2586f30da/height=550/width=470\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"470px\" height=\"550px\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a side note, the proceedings got underway only after an unexpected delay occurred. If you’re looking for a concrete example of how budget cuts have affected the smooth functioning of the state, Amy Standen’s earlier \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive\">tweets\u003c/a> illustrates…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157509518589313024\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157511179948916737\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157520101028003840\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157522121038381056\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/statuses/157526746441318400\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The lawsuit over California’s approval of a controversial pesticide may hinge on a seemingly straightforward question: Did regulators ever ask themselves what would happen if they didn’t approve methyl iodide?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an Oakland courtroom today, Alameda Superior Court Judge Frank Roesch presided over a one-day trial about the pesticide, a fumigant approved by state regulators in December, 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and farm worker groups sued the state, along with Arysta LifeScience, which produces methyl iodide, in January, 2011, contending that the chemical puts farm workers at risk of cancer or miscarriage. They said the state used bad science in approving the chemical, and ignored the concerns of its own scientific advisers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earthjustice’s Greg Loarie, representing the plaintiffs, came to the courtroom armed with diagrams and spreadsheets, geared up to give a technical brief on the finer points of pharmacokinetic and uncertainty factors, iodide absorption rates and other eye-glazing toxicological issues. His goal was to prove that the state had cherry-picked its data and methods in order to arrive at a conclusion amenable to methyl iodide manufacturer Arysta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Judge Roesch quickly seized on a different point. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under \u003ca href=\"http://ceres.ca.gov/ceqa/more/faq.html\">California’s Environmental Quality Act\u003c/a>, state agencies must consider alternatives to its proposed decisions, what’s known as a “no-project alternative.” In this case, that could have included evaluating alternatives to methyl iodide, or the possibility of approving the chemical at more conservative exposure levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under questioning from Roesch, Deputy Attorney General Cecilia Dennis, representing the DPR, couldn’t produce a document showing the agency had complied with this stipulation. “Absent that,” said Judge Roesch, “I don’t see how you can prevail in this lawsuit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dennis argued that such a consideration was implicit in the overall document. She said the DPR leaves it up to local agricultural districts to weigh the pros and cons of using the chemical, a process that effectively serves as a no-project alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite Roesch’s focus on the regulatory process, science did make its way into the courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earthjustice’s Loarie pointed to emails – obtained earlier in a public records request by KQED/QUEST – revealing dissent from DPR staff scientists over whether Warmerdam’s science had been sound. The emails come from two staff scientists – Lori Lim and Ruby Reed – who have since left the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lawyer for Ayrsta argued that plaintiffs were overplaying the Lim and Reed emails in order to “manufacture” a story of dissent within the agency. He quoted another staff scientist who, memos showed, had found the approval levels to be reasonable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This case is a battle of the experts,” said Dennis. “And, as the court knows, the agency is allowed to pick which experts it relies on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, though, the outcome may rest on process rather than science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Roesch gave the attorneys a week to draft a brief persuading him that DPR is not required to follow CEQA. Earthjustice lawyers will have a week to respond. Judge Roesch will then issue a final ruling on whether or not the state violated California law when it approved methyl iodide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the hearing, a PR representative for Arysta was unwilling to comment, citing the absence of a final ruling from the judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Towers of Pesticide Action Network said the judge’s comments had left him feeling optimistic. “We’re hopeful that he’ll ultimately rule that methyl iodide was unfairly approved in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in focusing on procedural issues, was the judge neglecting what plaintiffs consider to be the essential question, namely, is methyl iodide safe to use?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Towers replied, “there is no debate, as the scientific community has said time and time again, that methyl iodide causes serious health effects. The real debate is whether the state followed its own process and whether political appointees at the top ignored scientists in their own agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Previous posts\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update 1:30 p.m.\u003c/strong> The hearing is now over. Reading Amy Standen’s tweets from the courtroom, it looks like the judge has put the burden of proof on the state to justify its decision to approve methyl iodide. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider these:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157537532626735104\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\nhttps://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157537658715897856\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157564821322215424\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal battle over methyl iodide is underway at Alameda County Superior Court in Oakland. KQED’s Amy Standen is \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/01/12/lack-of-court-transcript-issue-at-methyl-iodide-trial/#tweet\">\u003cstrong>tweeting live from the courtroom\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case concerns the California Department of Pesticide Regulation’s 2010 decision to approve methyl iodide for use as a fumigant. The chemical’s manufacturer, Arysta LifeSciences, was hoping growers would use it as a substitute for methyl bromide, which has been deemed an ozone-depleting substance and is being phased out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the approval process, DPR asked its scientists to determine a safe level of methyl iodide exposure for farm workers. It also turned to a panel of external researchers to vet the process. The final safe limit the experts came up with was .8 parts per billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when the state announced its regulations, that number had swollen to 96 parts per billion. Emails and other documents obtained through a public records request suggested that dismayed scientists were unclear about the origins of the 96 ppb figure, and that a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/08/26/documents-show-deep-rift-over-methyl-iodide-approval-directors-concern-over-manufacturers-reaction/\">deep rift over the approval\u003c/a> developed between the scientific evaluators and the agency’s managers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental and farmworker groups have since \u003ca href=\"http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/greenspace/2011/01/state-approves-controversial-pesticide.html\">sued the state\u003c/a>. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lab studies in rats have shown exposure to methyl iodide can cause miscarriages and cancer. Case studies of humans show it can cause brain damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Methyl iodide was approved by the federal EPA in 2007, over the concerns of \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/iodomethane_letter.pdf\">54 scientists who urged the agency in a letter \u003c/a>(pdf) to prevent its registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s approval of methyl iodide was also the subject of a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/22/listen-to-the-state-assembly-hearing-on-methyl-iodide/\">joint hearing by the state legislature\u003c/a> in February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/methyl-iodide/\">\u003cstrong>Click here for our previous methyl iodide coverage\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>, including this Amy Standen \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/03/01/methyl-iodide-mystery-where-did-the-state-get-its-higher-safe-level-number-from/\">interview with an executive from the company’s manufacturer\u003c/a>, conducted in an attempt to figure out where the number for the higher exposure level came from.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"tweet\">\u003c/a>Click on the play button below to start the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/#!/kqednewslive\">live Twitter feed\u003c/a> from Amy Standen…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"http://www.coveritlive.com/index2.php/option=com_altcaster/task=viewaltcast/altcast_code=f2586f30da/height=550/width=470\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"470px\" height=\"550px\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a side note, the proceedings got underway only after an unexpected delay occurred. If you’re looking for a concrete example of how budget cuts have affected the smooth functioning of the state, Amy Standen’s earlier \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive\">tweets\u003c/a> illustrates…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157509518589313024\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157511179948916737\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157520101028003840\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/status/157522121038381056\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/#!/KQEDNewsLive/statuses/157526746441318400\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"description": "Rachael Myrow here, host of the California Report, with a handful of links to cool and/or important stories outside the Bay Area local readers should check out. Orphaned cubs return to the wild (Fresno Bee) L. A. County jailers more likely to use force on mentally ill inmates (Los Angeles Times) L.A. council moves to require condoms in porn filming (Los Angeles Journal) COACHELLA 2012: First weekend sold out (Riverside Press Enterprise) Dodgers settle with Fox, abandon media rights sale (Wall Street Journal)",
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"title": "Chevron's $18 Billion Ecuador Liability: What Happens Next?",
"headTitle": "Chevron’s $18 Billion Ecuador Liability: What Happens Next? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52671\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 248px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-52671\" title=\"chevronecuador\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ecuadoran lawyer Pablo Fajardo (R) shows the ratification of a sentence ordering Chevron to pay an for environmental damage, on January 4, 2012 (Rodrigo Buendia/AFP/Getty.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week an Ecuadoran appeals court \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/01/04/ecuador-court-upholds-18billion-ruling-against-chevron/\">upheld an $18 billion ruling against San Ramon-based oil giant Chevron\u003c/a> for pollution and ill health effects caused in the country’s rainforest. The decades-old damage stemmed from oil exploration by Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers on both sides of the lawsuit clashed yesterday on KQED Radio’s Forum program. \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201201090900\">Listen to the show here\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also on the program was Patrick Radden Keefe, an author and journalist who has written a \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/01/09/120109fa_fact_keefe\">piece on the case appearing in the latest issue of The New Yorker\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, after the decision by the Ecuadoran court, Radden Keefe \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2012/01/why-chevron-will-settle-in-ecuador.html\">wrote that he thinks Chevron will settle the case\u003c/a>, despite its vow not to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The most likely outcome is a settlement. In fact, according to a source close to the case, this fall Chevron’s general counsel, R. Hewitt Pate, initiated a secret meeting in San Francisco with John Keker, an attorney who represents Donziger, to explore the possibility of settling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In theory, Chevron has one final appeal in Ecuador, to the country’s Supreme Court. But to proceed with that appeal and stop the plaintiffs from trying to collect on the judgment in the meantime, Chevron would have to post a multi-billion dollar bond, which, given its jaundiced view of the rule of law in Ecuador, it seems unlikely to do. So for all intents and purposes, yesterday’s decision amounts to a green light for the plaintiffs to start collecting.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Forum, however, Radden Keefe explained the difficulty plaintiffs would have in trying to collect, and also where the case might go from here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The catch is the plaintiffs could start collecting, in theory, but Chevron doesn’t have any assets in Ecuador. So the plaintiffs will have to go to other places around the world and say there’s this judgment that you need to respect, and in theory they can try to repossess Chevron’s assets in those countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before that, there’s a final level of appeal to the Ecuadoran Supreme Court. But there’s some dispute as to whether Chevron might have to post a multi-billion dollar bond to make that appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is also trying to undo the judgement or indemnify itself through an arbitration process in the Hague. And Chevron right about the time the $18 billion judgement came down actually sued the lead lawyer for the plaintiff’s, American Steven Donziger, in New York federal court, accusing him of fraud and extortion and saying he was part of a racketeering conspiracy. That case has been suspended for the moment but may continue.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Donziger was a key figure in a 2009 documentary about the case, \u003cem>Crude\u003c/em>. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duFXuRnd2CU&feature=player_embedded\">Watch the trailer here\u003c/a>.) In 2010, Chevron won a lawsuit in which the film’s director, Joe Berlinger, was \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/16/entertainment/la-et-crude-20100716\">required to hand over certain outtakes\u003c/a> that the company said show legal and political manipulation on the part of Donziger. Chevron then used those clips as part of a public relations campaign against the high-profile legal team. Chevron also cited the omitted video as part of a countersuit, including federal racketeering claims, against plaintiffs’ attorneys. (You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/user/TexacoEcuador\">watch some of the documentary’s outtakes in this short film by Chevron \u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, KQED’s Kelly Wilkinson talked about the case with Cynie Payne, a Rutgers University assistant professor and former UC Berkeley lecturer who specializes in international and environmental law. Here’s an edited transcript:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How significant was the latest ruling? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent ruling by the Ecuador appeals court is one step in the process. US courts are similar to Ecuador courts – first trial, then appeals, then Supreme Court. So there’s one further level of review in this case.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nChevron says it doesn’t believe the ruling is enforceable and basically they have no intention of paying. Is there a point where this gets resolved or does it just keep going? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The normal course would be for Chevron to appeal the ruling in the courts of Ecuador and once that appeal goes to the Supreme Court there they get a final decision. Should the Supreme Court uphold the lower courts’ decisions, Ecuador would seek to enforce that in any country where Chevron has assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So it doesn’t need to be in Ecuador…\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the plaintiff can try to recover the judgment in any country where Chevron has holdings. After the initial trial court decision in Ecuador, Chevron went to US courts and sought a ruling that attempts to prevent any country from honoring the decision in Ecuador’s courts. That was overruled by a US Appeals Court, which said it’s not possible for US courts to dictate to courts of other sovereign nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Originally, Chevron wanted the trial originally to take place in Ecuador, correct?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one of the peculiar aspects of this case. Originally it was brought by Ecuadoran plaintfiffs in US court and Chevron argued strenuously to a US court that in fact Ecuador was the most appropriate place to try the case. So the US court said fine, bring the proceedings to Ecuador, which the plaintiffs did. But they didn’t the results they had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about this case is making it drag on so long?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases like this typically do take a long time. This case was originally filed in the US in one state, was removed to another state, and then it went to Ecuador. That extended the proceedings, and there were also lengthy factual findings and investigations with a court-appointed expert in Ecuador looking at the actual sites where the pollution was alleged to occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparison, you might think of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, which occurred decades ago but only recently wound up in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So could it be one strategy of Chevron to draw out the proceedings?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has taken a very aggressive litigation strategy in challenging this decision in numerous forums, including in international arbitration that’s based in The Hague. In fact courts that are asked to compel Chevron to pay the Ecuador judgmentwill need to take a look at that Hague arbitration proceeding, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is like a long-running melodrama. There will be another installment. The next step will be the Supreme court of Ecuador – when that decision comes, the plaintiffs will be free to try to collect the judgment. Then there will be much more complicated legal issues to look at because of the multiple places these things are going forward – US courts and international arbitration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there’s an interesting element to this case that may be replicated in other places. The case is all based in facts going back to the middle of the 20th century when there was a kind of free-for-all exploitation of natural resources in the developing world by developed countries. And the understanding and appreciation of the value of the resources and the problem of pollution have changed to some extent, so some of these settlements or agreements made with governments back in the 1960s or 1970s may seem highly inequitable to the current government of the country and to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the underlying issue of this case: It’s very difficult for the legal system to address that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may be that these things should not be handled in a litigation context. In light of the Chevron-Ecuador situation and the charges leveled on both sides about procedural misdeeds it seems that this has not been an efficient process that holds any of the parties up in a good light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the US we have a very strict \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/superfund/\">Superfund\u003c/a> law. So it may be that when you dropped your dry cleaning waste in the water, you didn’t know you were going to pollute it. But nevertheless you and your successor companies are responsible for cleaning it up. That is legislation that has been applied widely to all types of pollutants. A similar approach may be appropriate in this case.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"description": "Last week an Ecuadoran appeals court upheld an $18 billion ruling against San Ramon-based oil giant Chevron for pollution and ill health effects caused in the country's rainforest. The decades-old damage stemmed from oil exploration by Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2000. Lawyers on both sides of the lawsuit clashed yesterday on KQED Radio's Forum",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52671\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 248px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-52671\" title=\"chevronecuador\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ecuadoran lawyer Pablo Fajardo (R) shows the ratification of a sentence ordering Chevron to pay an for environmental damage, on January 4, 2012 (Rodrigo Buendia/AFP/Getty.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week an Ecuadoran appeals court \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/01/04/ecuador-court-upholds-18billion-ruling-against-chevron/\">upheld an $18 billion ruling against San Ramon-based oil giant Chevron\u003c/a> for pollution and ill health effects caused in the country’s rainforest. The decades-old damage stemmed from oil exploration by Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers on both sides of the lawsuit clashed yesterday on KQED Radio’s Forum program. \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201201090900\">Listen to the show here\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also on the program was Patrick Radden Keefe, an author and journalist who has written a \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/01/09/120109fa_fact_keefe\">piece on the case appearing in the latest issue of The New Yorker\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, after the decision by the Ecuadoran court, Radden Keefe \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2012/01/why-chevron-will-settle-in-ecuador.html\">wrote that he thinks Chevron will settle the case\u003c/a>, despite its vow not to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The most likely outcome is a settlement. In fact, according to a source close to the case, this fall Chevron’s general counsel, R. Hewitt Pate, initiated a secret meeting in San Francisco with John Keker, an attorney who represents Donziger, to explore the possibility of settling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In theory, Chevron has one final appeal in Ecuador, to the country’s Supreme Court. But to proceed with that appeal and stop the plaintiffs from trying to collect on the judgment in the meantime, Chevron would have to post a multi-billion dollar bond, which, given its jaundiced view of the rule of law in Ecuador, it seems unlikely to do. So for all intents and purposes, yesterday’s decision amounts to a green light for the plaintiffs to start collecting.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Forum, however, Radden Keefe explained the difficulty plaintiffs would have in trying to collect, and also where the case might go from here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The catch is the plaintiffs could start collecting, in theory, but Chevron doesn’t have any assets in Ecuador. So the plaintiffs will have to go to other places around the world and say there’s this judgment that you need to respect, and in theory they can try to repossess Chevron’s assets in those countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before that, there’s a final level of appeal to the Ecuadoran Supreme Court. But there’s some dispute as to whether Chevron might have to post a multi-billion dollar bond to make that appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is also trying to undo the judgement or indemnify itself through an arbitration process in the Hague. And Chevron right about the time the $18 billion judgement came down actually sued the lead lawyer for the plaintiff’s, American Steven Donziger, in New York federal court, accusing him of fraud and extortion and saying he was part of a racketeering conspiracy. That case has been suspended for the moment but may continue.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Donziger was a key figure in a 2009 documentary about the case, \u003cem>Crude\u003c/em>. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duFXuRnd2CU&feature=player_embedded\">Watch the trailer here\u003c/a>.) In 2010, Chevron won a lawsuit in which the film’s director, Joe Berlinger, was \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/16/entertainment/la-et-crude-20100716\">required to hand over certain outtakes\u003c/a> that the company said show legal and political manipulation on the part of Donziger. Chevron then used those clips as part of a public relations campaign against the high-profile legal team. Chevron also cited the omitted video as part of a countersuit, including federal racketeering claims, against plaintiffs’ attorneys. (You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/user/TexacoEcuador\">watch some of the documentary’s outtakes in this short film by Chevron \u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, KQED’s Kelly Wilkinson talked about the case with Cynie Payne, a Rutgers University assistant professor and former UC Berkeley lecturer who specializes in international and environmental law. Here’s an edited transcript:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How significant was the latest ruling? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent ruling by the Ecuador appeals court is one step in the process. US courts are similar to Ecuador courts – first trial, then appeals, then Supreme Court. So there’s one further level of review in this case.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nChevron says it doesn’t believe the ruling is enforceable and basically they have no intention of paying. Is there a point where this gets resolved or does it just keep going? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The normal course would be for Chevron to appeal the ruling in the courts of Ecuador and once that appeal goes to the Supreme Court there they get a final decision. Should the Supreme Court uphold the lower courts’ decisions, Ecuador would seek to enforce that in any country where Chevron has assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So it doesn’t need to be in Ecuador…\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the plaintiff can try to recover the judgment in any country where Chevron has holdings. After the initial trial court decision in Ecuador, Chevron went to US courts and sought a ruling that attempts to prevent any country from honoring the decision in Ecuador’s courts. That was overruled by a US Appeals Court, which said it’s not possible for US courts to dictate to courts of other sovereign nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Originally, Chevron wanted the trial originally to take place in Ecuador, correct?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one of the peculiar aspects of this case. Originally it was brought by Ecuadoran plaintfiffs in US court and Chevron argued strenuously to a US court that in fact Ecuador was the most appropriate place to try the case. So the US court said fine, bring the proceedings to Ecuador, which the plaintiffs did. But they didn’t the results they had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about this case is making it drag on so long?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases like this typically do take a long time. This case was originally filed in the US in one state, was removed to another state, and then it went to Ecuador. That extended the proceedings, and there were also lengthy factual findings and investigations with a court-appointed expert in Ecuador looking at the actual sites where the pollution was alleged to occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparison, you might think of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, which occurred decades ago but only recently wound up in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So could it be one strategy of Chevron to draw out the proceedings?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has taken a very aggressive litigation strategy in challenging this decision in numerous forums, including in international arbitration that’s based in The Hague. In fact courts that are asked to compel Chevron to pay the Ecuador judgmentwill need to take a look at that Hague arbitration proceeding, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is like a long-running melodrama. There will be another installment. The next step will be the Supreme court of Ecuador – when that decision comes, the plaintiffs will be free to try to collect the judgment. Then there will be much more complicated legal issues to look at because of the multiple places these things are going forward – US courts and international arbitration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there’s an interesting element to this case that may be replicated in other places. The case is all based in facts going back to the middle of the 20th century when there was a kind of free-for-all exploitation of natural resources in the developing world by developed countries. And the understanding and appreciation of the value of the resources and the problem of pollution have changed to some extent, so some of these settlements or agreements made with governments back in the 1960s or 1970s may seem highly inequitable to the current government of the country and to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the underlying issue of this case: It’s very difficult for the legal system to address that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may be that these things should not be handled in a litigation context. In light of the Chevron-Ecuador situation and the charges leveled on both sides about procedural misdeeds it seems that this has not been an efficient process that holds any of the parties up in a good light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the US we have a very strict \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/superfund/\">Superfund\u003c/a> law. So it may be that when you dropped your dry cleaning waste in the water, you didn’t know you were going to pollute it. 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"disqusTitle": "Breakfast Blend: HBO to Withold DVDs from Netflix. \"We believe in exclusivity,\" HBO spokesman says.",
"title": "Breakfast Blend: HBO to Withold DVDs from Netflix. \"We believe in exclusivity,\" HBO spokesman says.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Rachael Myrow here, host of the California Report, with a handful of links to cool and/or important stories outside the Bay Area local readers should check out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"Marine biologist accused of feeding killer whales\" href=\"http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-0106-killer-whale-indict-20120106,0,148262.story\" target=\"_top\">Marine biologist accused of feeding killer whales\u003c/a> (Los Angeles Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/06/us/politics/study-says-looks-matter-as-tv-covers-congress.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\" href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/06/us/politics/study-says-looks-matter-as-tv-covers-congress.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\">Study Says Looks Matter as TV Covers Congress\u003c/a> (New York Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pe.com/local-news/riverside-county/riverside/riverside-headlines-index/20120105-music-singer-etta-james-released-from-hospital.ece\">MUSIC: Singer Etta James released from hospital\u003c/a> (Riverside Press Enterprise)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203471004577144313874423718.html?KEYWORDS=California\">Ford to Open Silicon Valley Lab (Wall Street Journal)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://online.wsj.com/article/AP8323d198741a47f3a084efd67820661d.html?KEYWORDS=California\">HBO stops selling DVDs to Netflix (Wall Street Journal)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>Rachael Myrow here, host of the California Report, with a handful of links to cool and/or important stories outside the Bay Area local readers should check out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"Marine biologist accused of feeding killer whales\" href=\"http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-0106-killer-whale-indict-20120106,0,148262.story\" target=\"_top\">Marine biologist accused of feeding killer whales\u003c/a> (Los Angeles Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca title=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/06/us/politics/study-says-looks-matter-as-tv-covers-congress.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\" href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/06/us/politics/study-says-looks-matter-as-tv-covers-congress.html?emc=tnt&tntemail0=y\">Study Says Looks Matter as TV Covers Congress\u003c/a> (New York Times)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pe.com/local-news/riverside-county/riverside/riverside-headlines-index/20120105-music-singer-etta-james-released-from-hospital.ece\">MUSIC: Singer Etta James released from hospital\u003c/a> (Riverside Press Enterprise)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970203471004577144313874423718.html?KEYWORDS=California\">Ford to Open Silicon Valley Lab (Wall Street Journal)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://online.wsj.com/article/AP8323d198741a47f3a084efd67820661d.html?KEYWORDS=California\">HBO stops selling DVDs to Netflix (Wall Street Journal)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Predator Wasps to be Introduced in L.A. to Counter Citrus Pests",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52241\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/01_mike_lewis_cisr_asian_citrus_psyllid.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52241\" title=\"01_mike_lewis_cisr_asian_citrus_psyllid\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/01_mike_lewis_cisr_asian_citrus_psyllid.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"133\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Asian Citrus Psyllid feeds on a lemon tree leaf. (Credit: Mike Lewis)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mark Hoddle has the makings of a Hollywood blockbuster. That's not something one usually says about an entomologist. The script might start this way:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>EXT. ALLAMA IQBAL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Cooperative Extension biological control specialist \u003ca href=\"http://biocontrol.ucr.edu/hoddle/\">Mark\u003c/a> and his wife Christina, assistant specialist in entomology, deplane in Lahore, Pakistan, on the hunt for a natural-born predator that attacks the Asian citrus psyllid. They need to find neutralize the citrus psyllid because it's an invasive insect that has California's citrus industry shakento its root stocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hoddles had their sights set on \u003cem>Tamarixia radiata\u003c/em>, a wasp smaller than a chocolate sprinkle, Mark Hoddle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Hoddle explained to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201201050850/b\">California Report\u003c/a>, the female likes to lay eggs in, not to mention eat, the nymphs of the Asian citrus psyllid. \"She uses something called an \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovipositor\">ovipositor\u003c/a>, which is kind of like a syringe. She stabs a nymph with that syringe and then injects an egg. When that egg hatches, the larvae feeds on the psyllid, killing it.\" \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wasp also uses its ovipositor to eat the psyllid, stabbing it then lapping up the guts that ooze from the puncture wounds. \"Like a kitten,\" Hoddle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52242\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 246px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/distribution_asian_citrus_psyllid_california_small.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-52242 \" title=\"distribution_asian_citrus_psyllid_california_small\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/distribution_asian_citrus_psyllid_california_small-246x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Where the Asian Citrus Psyllid has been found in California...so far. (Credit:USDA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Believed to have originated somewhere on the Indian subcontinent, the Asian citrus psyllid has made its way to the Middle East and the Americas. It was first found in the US in Florida in 1998. As far as we know, it reached California in 2008, along the Mexican border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the Asian citrus psyllid has flown or hitchhiked its way inexorably northward into the backyards of Los Angeles, San Bernardino and Riverside counties. They eat the leaves and stems of citrus trees, injecting a toxin as they go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leaves twist and die. Worse, some of the psyllids are carrying a bacterium that causes \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/search?q=ovipositor&hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=XdX&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&prmd=imvns&source=lnms&tbm=isch&ei=d98FT9GrHoKwsAKF2NWRCg&sa=X&oi=mode_link&ct=mode&cd=2&ved=0CAsQ_AUoAQ&biw=1280&bih=796#hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=8Is&rls=org.mozilla:en-US%3Aofficial&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Huanglongbing&pbx=1&oq=Huanglongbing&aq=f&aqi=g2g-S4g-mS1&aql=&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=768117l768117l0l768564l1l1l0l0l0l0l157l157l0.1l1l0&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.,cf.osb&fp=45bde0f5721a4de0&biw=1280&bih=796\">Huanglongbing\u003c/a>, or citrus greening. The leaves on infected trees turn yellowand the fruit becomes hard and bitter before the tree expires. Huanglongbing has not been found in California - yet - but commercial citrus growers are really, really worried about it. As is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/citrus_greening/index.shtml\">USDA\u003c/a>. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tamarixia radiata\u003c/em> from humid parts of China and Vietnam have been feasting on Asian citrus psyllids in Florida with zest. So the Hoddles thought they should head to the Punjab because \"that particular part of the world has a very good climate match with California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But of course, the question rises ... what about unintended consequences?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are many instances of problems addressed with invasive species that became problems in their own right. Who can forget the story of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mvV8OT-mmE\">cane toad\u003c/a> in Australia?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoddle says \u003cem>Tamarixia\u003c/em> \u003cem>radiata \u003c/em>\"is highly evolved to feed just on Asian citrus psyllid. So for this parasite to sort of de-evolve and become more of a generalist parasite would require an immense number of biological, physical, biochemical and behavioral changes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52244\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/mike_lewis_acp-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52244\" title=\"mike_lewis_acp-1\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/mike_lewis_acp-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"120\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On the left, a Tamarixia radiata wasp. On the right, the dried husk of an Asian citrus psyllid from which an adult wasp has burst after 12 days of incubation. (Credit: Mike Lewis)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After an early test release behind the home of UC Riverside Chancellor Tim White (already known to fans of \u003ca href=\"http://chancellor.ucr.edu/ub/\">Undercover Boss\u003c/a> as a guy game to experiment), \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/plant/acp/\">state\u003c/a> and federal regulators appear to be comfortable with the idea that UC scientists will raise thousands of \u003cem>Tamarixia radiata \u003c/em>for release throughout California, starting in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoddle says \u003cem>Tamarixia radiata \u003c/em>won’t eradicate Asian citrus psyllid. Commercial citrus producers in California will still continue to apply insecticides to prevent the spread of Huanglongbing. But, he says, state regulators have already determined backyard pesticide applications are too expensive ($10-11 million so far) and too ineffective to bother with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One final note: Hoddle collected the parasites in collaboration with scientists at the University of Agriculture in Faisalabad. As it happens, the university’s vice chancellor, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Prof-Dr-Iqrar-Ahmad-Khan/133988486642485\">Iqrar Khan\u003c/a>, is a UC Riverside graduate. It's a small world, after all.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52241\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/01_mike_lewis_cisr_asian_citrus_psyllid.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52241\" title=\"01_mike_lewis_cisr_asian_citrus_psyllid\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/01_mike_lewis_cisr_asian_citrus_psyllid.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"133\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Asian Citrus Psyllid feeds on a lemon tree leaf. (Credit: Mike Lewis)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mark Hoddle has the makings of a Hollywood blockbuster. That's not something one usually says about an entomologist. The script might start this way:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>EXT. ALLAMA IQBAL INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Cooperative Extension biological control specialist \u003ca href=\"http://biocontrol.ucr.edu/hoddle/\">Mark\u003c/a> and his wife Christina, assistant specialist in entomology, deplane in Lahore, Pakistan, on the hunt for a natural-born predator that attacks the Asian citrus psyllid. They need to find neutralize the citrus psyllid because it's an invasive insect that has California's citrus industry shakento its root stocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hoddles had their sights set on \u003cem>Tamarixia radiata\u003c/em>, a wasp smaller than a chocolate sprinkle, Mark Hoddle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Hoddle explained to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201201050850/b\">California Report\u003c/a>, the female likes to lay eggs in, not to mention eat, the nymphs of the Asian citrus psyllid. \"She uses something called an \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovipositor\">ovipositor\u003c/a>, which is kind of like a syringe. She stabs a nymph with that syringe and then injects an egg. When that egg hatches, the larvae feeds on the psyllid, killing it.\" \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wasp also uses its ovipositor to eat the psyllid, stabbing it then lapping up the guts that ooze from the puncture wounds. \"Like a kitten,\" Hoddle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52242\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 246px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/distribution_asian_citrus_psyllid_california_small.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-52242 \" title=\"distribution_asian_citrus_psyllid_california_small\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/distribution_asian_citrus_psyllid_california_small-246x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"246\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Where the Asian Citrus Psyllid has been found in California...so far. (Credit:USDA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Believed to have originated somewhere on the Indian subcontinent, the Asian citrus psyllid has made its way to the Middle East and the Americas. It was first found in the US in Florida in 1998. As far as we know, it reached California in 2008, along the Mexican border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since then, the Asian citrus psyllid has flown or hitchhiked its way inexorably northward into the backyards of Los Angeles, San Bernardino and Riverside counties. They eat the leaves and stems of citrus trees, injecting a toxin as they go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The leaves twist and die. Worse, some of the psyllids are carrying a bacterium that causes \u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/search?q=ovipositor&hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=XdX&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&prmd=imvns&source=lnms&tbm=isch&ei=d98FT9GrHoKwsAKF2NWRCg&sa=X&oi=mode_link&ct=mode&cd=2&ved=0CAsQ_AUoAQ&biw=1280&bih=796#hl=en&client=firefox-a&hs=8Is&rls=org.mozilla:en-US%3Aofficial&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=Huanglongbing&pbx=1&oq=Huanglongbing&aq=f&aqi=g2g-S4g-mS1&aql=&gs_sm=e&gs_upl=768117l768117l0l768564l1l1l0l0l0l0l157l157l0.1l1l0&bav=on.2,or.r_gc.r_pw.,cf.osb&fp=45bde0f5721a4de0&biw=1280&bih=796\">Huanglongbing\u003c/a>, or citrus greening. The leaves on infected trees turn yellowand the fruit becomes hard and bitter before the tree expires. Huanglongbing has not been found in California - yet - but commercial citrus growers are really, really worried about it. As is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/plant_pest_info/citrus_greening/index.shtml\">USDA\u003c/a>. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Tamarixia radiata\u003c/em> from humid parts of China and Vietnam have been feasting on Asian citrus psyllids in Florida with zest. So the Hoddles thought they should head to the Punjab because \"that particular part of the world has a very good climate match with California.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But of course, the question rises ... what about unintended consequences?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are many instances of problems addressed with invasive species that became problems in their own right. Who can forget the story of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4mvV8OT-mmE\">cane toad\u003c/a> in Australia?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoddle says \u003cem>Tamarixia\u003c/em> \u003cem>radiata \u003c/em>\"is highly evolved to feed just on Asian citrus psyllid. So for this parasite to sort of de-evolve and become more of a generalist parasite would require an immense number of biological, physical, biochemical and behavioral changes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52244\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/mike_lewis_acp-1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52244\" title=\"mike_lewis_acp-1\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/mike_lewis_acp-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"120\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On the left, a Tamarixia radiata wasp. On the right, the dried husk of an Asian citrus psyllid from which an adult wasp has burst after 12 days of incubation. (Credit: Mike Lewis)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After an early test release behind the home of UC Riverside Chancellor Tim White (already known to fans of \u003ca href=\"http://chancellor.ucr.edu/ub/\">Undercover Boss\u003c/a> as a guy game to experiment), \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/plant/acp/\">state\u003c/a> and federal regulators appear to be comfortable with the idea that UC scientists will raise thousands of \u003cem>Tamarixia radiata \u003c/em>for release throughout California, starting in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoddle says \u003cem>Tamarixia radiata \u003c/em>won’t eradicate Asian citrus psyllid. Commercial citrus producers in California will still continue to apply insecticides to prevent the spread of Huanglongbing. But, he says, state regulators have already determined backyard pesticide applications are too expensive ($10-11 million so far) and too ineffective to bother with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One final note: Hoddle collected the parasites in collaboration with scientists at the University of Agriculture in Faisalabad. As it happens, the university’s vice chancellor, \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Prof-Dr-Iqrar-Ahmad-Khan/133988486642485\">Iqrar Khan\u003c/a>, is a UC Riverside graduate. It's a small world, after all.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "PG&E Says Power Restored to 7,000 Customers in San Francisco",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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