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"bio": "Devin Katayama is former Editor of Talent and Development for KQED. He supported our internship program and on-call staff by looking for equitable opportunities to improve the newsroom.\r\n\r\nHe previously hosted The Bay and American Suburb podcasts from KQED News. Prior to returning to the Bay Area in 2015, Devin was the education reporter for WFPL in Louisville and worked as a producer with radio stations in Chicago and Portland, OR. His work has appeared on NPR’s \u003cem>Morning Edition, All Things Considered, The Takeaway\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Here and Now.\u003c/em>\r\n\r\nDevin earned his MA in Journalism from Columbia College Chicago, where he was a Follett Fellow and the recipient of the 2011 Studs Terkel Community Media Workshop Scholarship for his story on Chicago's homeless youth. He won WBUR's 2014 Daniel Schorr award and a regional RTNDA Edward R. Murrow Award for his documentary \"At Risk\" that looked at issues facing some of Louisville's students. Devin has also received numerous local awards from the Associated Press and the Society of Professional Journalists.",
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"bio": "\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena Sook Kim is a former senior editor of the weekend desk at KQED. Before taking on that post, she was the Senior Editor of the Silicon Valley Desk and was the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">host of The California Report. The daily morning show airs on KQED in San Francisco, one of the nation’s largest NPR affiliates, and on 30 stations across the state. In that role, she produces and reports on news, politics and life in the Golden State. Queena likes to take sideways look at the larger trends changing the state. One of her favorite stories asked\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/02/15/why-the-heck-do-mexican-reporters-on-public-radio-say-their-names-that-way\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">why Latino journalists “over’pronounce” their Spanish surnames\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> as a way of looking at how immigration is creating a culture shift in California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining The California Report, Queena was a \u003ca href=\"http://www.marketplace.org/people/queena-kim\">Senior Reporter covering technology for Marketplace\u003c/a>, the daily business show that airs on public radio. Queena covered daily tech business stories and reported on larger technology trends. She did a series of stories looking at role of social engineering in hacking and on a start-up in Silicon Valley that’s trying to use technology, instead of animals, to make meat that bleeds.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena started her career as a business journalist at the Wall Street Journal, where she spent four years covering the paper, home building and toy industries. She wrote A1 stories about the unusually aggressive tactics KB Home took against its home buyers. and the resurgence of “Cracker” architecture in Florida. She also wrote section front stories on marketing trends and\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As a journalist, Queena has spent much of her career helping start-up editorial products. She was on the founding editorial team of The Bay Citizen, an experimental, online news site in San Francisco that was funded by the late hillbilly billionaire Warren Hellman. In 2009, Queena received a grant from the Corporation of Public Broadcasting to start-up a podcast called \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/cyberfrequencies\">CyberFrequencies\u003c/a>, which reported on the culture of technology. She also helped start-up two radio shows - Off-Ramp and Pacific Drift - for KPCC, the NPR-affiliate in Los Angeles. Off-Ramp was awarded 1st Place for news and Public Affairs programming by the PRINDI and the L.A. Press club. \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/queena-sook-kim\">Queena’s stories have appeared \u003c/a>on NPR’s Day to Day, Hearing Voices, WNYC’s Studio 360, WBUR’s Here and Now, BBC’s Global Perspectives and New York Times’ multimedia page.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1994, Queena won a Fulbright Grant to teach and study in Seoul, South Korea. She was also selected to be a Teach For America Corps Member in 1991 and taught elementary school in the Inglewood Unified School District in Southern California.\u003c/span>\r\n\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queena is a frequent public speaker and has given talks at UC Berkeley, Stanford University, San Francisco State University, PRINDI conference and the Craigslist Foundation Boot Camp. Queena went to UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism and graduated cum laude from New York University with a B.A. in Politics. She grew up in Southern California and lives in Berkeley, Ca in a big fixer on which she spends most weekends, well, fixing.\u003c/span>",
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"disqusTitle": "From the East Bay Desk: the Top Oakland Stories of 2015",
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"content": "\u003cp>Here are our top 10 stories in Oakland in 2015:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Housing\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland is now a regular on lists showing the most \u003ca href=\"http://blog.sfgate.com/ontheblock/2015/12/21/oakland-ascends-to-nations-4th-most-expensive-rental-market/\" target=\"_blank\">expensive and fastest-growing housing markets\u003c/a> in the nation. One-bedroom apartment rents increased 19 percent in the past year, while two bedrooms increased 13 percent, \u003ca href=\"https://www.zumper.com/blog/2015/12/zumper-national-rent-report-december-2015/\" target=\"_blank\">according to Zumper\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Home prices have also shot up, but income levels have not.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city passed no major housing reforms this year (Libby Schaaf’s first as mayor), despite \u003ca href=\"http://www.policylink.org/sites/default/files/pl-report-oak-housing-070715.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a report commissioned by the city\u003c/a> that laid out several policy recommendations. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schaaf did create a Housing Cabinet, which has been working on developing new policies and laws based off those recommendations, and they are expected to trickle out in 2016. But many housing activists say Oakland is moving too slowly, especially when \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/10/16/facing-the-housing-crisis-berkeley-and-emeryville-lawmakers-are-advancing-numerous-solutions-but-not-oakland\" target=\"_blank\">compared with other cities\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. \u003cstrong>One\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Housing Victory\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In May, when activists found out that the city was selling a piece of public land on East 12th Street near Lake Merritt to a private developer solely for market-rate housing, they \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/06/activists-take-over-oakland-city-council-meeting-prevent-vote-on-condo-project\">shut down\u003c/a> an Oakland City Council meeting in protest. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Later, when the city attorney determined that the sale \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/07/06/breaking-news-oakland-city-attorney-said-luxury-tower-deal-is-illegal\">might be illegal\u003c/a>, the City Council decided to pull back and reopen the bidding, this time with a focus on affordable housing first. The #SaveE12th campaign was a major win for those who have pushed the city to create more affordable housing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city has been \u003ca href=\"http://www2.oaklandnet.com/oakca1/groups/cityattorney/documents/agenda/oak055937.pdf\">meeting privately\u003c/a> with five separate developer groups that want to purchase the 1-acre parcel. All of the groups have included affordable housing in their proposals. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. \u003cstrong>Homicides\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland has long been on the list of \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/pictures/mlj45eldkd/no-3-oakland-calif/\">most dangerous cities\u003c/a> in America, for its disproportionately high rate of homicides. After a decline in the homicide rate in 2014, the numbers inched up again in 2015. Two homicides in particular stood out.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">First was the murder of artist\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2015/09/29/artist-shot-killed-while-working-on-west-oakland-community-mural/\"> Antonio Ramos\u003c/a>, who was killed in late September while painting a mural on an underpass beneath Interstate 580 in West Oakland. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The painting was the idea of a nonprofit group and portrays the vision of an inclusive and renewed West Oakland. It is sprinkled with images of musical notes that seem to sing above the sound of the highway. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Among renderings of brightly painted Victorian houses and the faces of children, white doves fly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the middle of working on the mural, Ramos was shot and killed. He was a young man intent on giving back to his community and the tragic irony of his death -- painting a symbol of peace -- rippled throughout the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the end of the year, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/24/oakland-city-council-presidents-grandson-killed-in-street-robbery\">Torian Hughes\u003c/a> -- considered a grandson by City Council president Lynette McElhaney -- was slain in what police say was a robbery homicide. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>4. \u003cstrong>Fatal Police Shootings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The hashtag that helped define a movement, #\u003ca href=\"https://stories.californiasunday.com/2015-03-01/black-lives-matter/\" target=\"_blank\">Black Lives Matter\u003c/a>, began, among other places, in Oakland.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland's police department has been singled out by the Obama administration as a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/03/oakland-police-reform-115552_Page4.html#.VoUPR8ArLjA\" target=\"_blank\">progressive department\u003c/a> implementing new tactics to work more effectively in the community. But after two years of no fatal officer-involved shootings by the OPD, 2015 saw five killings at the hands of police, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Man-fleeing-Oakland-police-found-dead-after-6394929.php\" target=\"_blank\">at least one death \u003c/a>some saw as suspicious. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The circumstances in each instance were distinct, but the message of Black Lives Matter and other activists was uniform: They criticized OPD as too ready to fire on black men. A group known as Mapping Police Violence ranked \u003ca href=\"http://mappingpoliceviolence.org/2015/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland as the third-most-dangerous city\u003c/a> in the U.S. for being killed by police in 2015. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city says that each of these cases was justified and that it has strengthened internal review of all instances where officers use force against civilians.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>5. \u003cstrong>The Coal Wars\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many Oaklanders were angry when they learned that developers of a new logistics facility being built on the site of a former army base want \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/30/a-dust-up-in-oakland-over-plan-to-ship-coal-through-new-terminal\" target=\"_blank\">to export coal through the city\u003c/a>. This got the attention of Mayor Libby Schaaf, who wrote “s\u003ca href=\"http://documents.scribd.com.s3.amazonaws.com/docs/3khxtyd4w4j07hq.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">top it immediately\u003c/a>” in a letter to investor Phil Tagami.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland officials are now considering what legal options the city has to stop the movement of coal through the city, although it appears there may not be many. There is a clause in the agreement between the city and Tagami’s group that would allow the city to amend the agreement if the project would affect the health or safety of employees or neighbors. A hearing on the issue is scheduled for Feb. 16.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>6. \u003cstrong> Oakland's 'Soul'\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A distinct feeling of what might be called gentrification anxiety lingered heavily in the air in 2015, like a fog rolling across the bay. There was a widespread sense of dread that seemed to say that nothing less than Oakland's soul was at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given this tension, it is perhaps not surprising that what started out as a noise complaint one night at Lake Merritt by a newer white resident against a group of mostly black drummers ended in an altercation and the police being called.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News spread quickly on social media that there were new bans being enforced at the lake. There weren't, actually, but -- added to reports that some black churches had also been the subject of complaints over late-night choir practices -- many were left feeling that the \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/who-owns-communal-space-in-oakland#t=0:00\" target=\"_blank\">city's culture, especially black culture, was under assault\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>7. \u003cstrong> Uber\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/23/uber-comes-to-oakland-in-a-big-way\" target=\"_blank\">Uber announced\u003c/a> in September that it would open a major office in Oakland’s Uptown neighborhood,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Schaaf called it a game-changer. The ride-service giant says it will create between 2,000 and 3,000 new jobs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Uber could become a major player in defining the future of downtown Oakland when its office opens in 2017. Since the purchase was made on the private market, the company wasn’t required to provide any specific community benefits beyond a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/blog/real-estate/2015/10/uber-oakland-affordable-housing-fee-gentrification.html\" target=\"_blank\">$1 million affordable housing\u003c/a> fee. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some are concerned that, as Oakland attracts more large powerful companies, the housing market will price out current residents, as has happened in San Francisco. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/pop/2015/09/24/welcome-to-oakland-uber-a-few-tips-for-the-big-move/\" target=\"_blank\">Read some tips KQED has for Uber here\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>8. \u003cstrong>The Warriors\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of course the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/16/game-6-warriors-look-to-clinch-nba-championship\" target=\"_blank\">Golden State Warriors winning\u003c/a> their first championship in 40 years made this year’s list. They were (and continue to be) the best team in the NBA. In June, the Warriors beat the Cleveland Cavaliers in six games and brought \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/miss-the-warriors-parade-weve-got-you-covered\" target=\"_blank\">a huge celebration to downtown Oakland\u003c/a>. This season, the team is off to an even better start.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/congratulations-warriors-fans-heres-to-you\" target=\"_blank\">“Curry with the sauce all day.”\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>9. \u003cstrong>The Curfew\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of Schaaf's most \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/06/05/oakland-councilmembers-question-police-overspending-to-crack-down-on-protesters\">publicly criticized acts\u003c/a> of the year was when she instructed Oakland police to enforce a “protest curfew” to shut down \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-four-arrested-in-oakland-protests-20150525-story.html\">unauthorized protests after dark\u003c/a>. The new policy got off to a rocky start when officers tried it out on a\u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/05/22/oakland-mayor-libby-schaaf-institutes-curfew-on-nighttime-street-protest\"> peaceful protest organized by black women\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Schaaf says that the policy helps stop looting, actual implementation by police seems to have ended. The backlash from many activists and civil rights groups, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/aclu-oakland-protest-curfew-let-people-march\">ACLU, \u003c/a>helped set the tone for an antagonistic relationship between the mayor and the city’s activists. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>10. \u003cstrong>Bizarre Brawls\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This technically did not happen in Oakland, but at an Alameda City Council meeting,\u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/11/05/a-beat-down-at-alameda-city-hall\" target=\"_blank\"> fisticuffs broke out\u003c/a> between a tenants rights advocate and the director of public works. The tension? Rising rents and evictions in Alameda, and the passage of a moratorium on rent increases. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Former-Black-Panther-leader-claims-Oakland-6645231.php\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland proper, \u003c/a>activist and former Black Panther leader Elaine Brown accused longtime City Councilwoman Desley Brooks of attacking her at a barbecue joint, Everett and Jones. As described in \u003ca href=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/293641717/Elaine-Brown-Complaint\" target=\"_blank\">the complaint Brown filed against the city\u003c/a>, the incident sounds like a soap-opera episode. It sprang from the two discussing -- no surprise --affordable housing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Here are our top 10 stories in Oakland in 2015:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Housing\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland is now a regular on lists showing the most \u003ca href=\"http://blog.sfgate.com/ontheblock/2015/12/21/oakland-ascends-to-nations-4th-most-expensive-rental-market/\" target=\"_blank\">expensive and fastest-growing housing markets\u003c/a> in the nation. One-bedroom apartment rents increased 19 percent in the past year, while two bedrooms increased 13 percent, \u003ca href=\"https://www.zumper.com/blog/2015/12/zumper-national-rent-report-december-2015/\" target=\"_blank\">according to Zumper\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Home prices have also shot up, but income levels have not.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city passed no major housing reforms this year (Libby Schaaf’s first as mayor), despite \u003ca href=\"http://www.policylink.org/sites/default/files/pl-report-oak-housing-070715.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">a report commissioned by the city\u003c/a> that laid out several policy recommendations. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Schaaf did create a Housing Cabinet, which has been working on developing new policies and laws based off those recommendations, and they are expected to trickle out in 2016. But many housing activists say Oakland is moving too slowly, especially when \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/10/16/facing-the-housing-crisis-berkeley-and-emeryville-lawmakers-are-advancing-numerous-solutions-but-not-oakland\" target=\"_blank\">compared with other cities\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. \u003cstrong>One\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>Housing Victory\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In May, when activists found out that the city was selling a piece of public land on East 12th Street near Lake Merritt to a private developer solely for market-rate housing, they \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/06/activists-take-over-oakland-city-council-meeting-prevent-vote-on-condo-project\">shut down\u003c/a> an Oakland City Council meeting in protest. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Later, when the city attorney determined that the sale \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/07/06/breaking-news-oakland-city-attorney-said-luxury-tower-deal-is-illegal\">might be illegal\u003c/a>, the City Council decided to pull back and reopen the bidding, this time with a focus on affordable housing first. The #SaveE12th campaign was a major win for those who have pushed the city to create more affordable housing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city has been \u003ca href=\"http://www2.oaklandnet.com/oakca1/groups/cityattorney/documents/agenda/oak055937.pdf\">meeting privately\u003c/a> with five separate developer groups that want to purchase the 1-acre parcel. All of the groups have included affordable housing in their proposals. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. \u003cstrong>Homicides\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland has long been on the list of \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/pictures/mlj45eldkd/no-3-oakland-calif/\">most dangerous cities\u003c/a> in America, for its disproportionately high rate of homicides. After a decline in the homicide rate in 2014, the numbers inched up again in 2015. Two homicides in particular stood out.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">First was the murder of artist\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2015/09/29/artist-shot-killed-while-working-on-west-oakland-community-mural/\"> Antonio Ramos\u003c/a>, who was killed in late September while painting a mural on an underpass beneath Interstate 580 in West Oakland. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The painting was the idea of a nonprofit group and portrays the vision of an inclusive and renewed West Oakland. It is sprinkled with images of musical notes that seem to sing above the sound of the highway. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Among renderings of brightly painted Victorian houses and the faces of children, white doves fly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the middle of working on the mural, Ramos was shot and killed. He was a young man intent on giving back to his community and the tragic irony of his death -- painting a symbol of peace -- rippled throughout the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the end of the year, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/24/oakland-city-council-presidents-grandson-killed-in-street-robbery\">Torian Hughes\u003c/a> -- considered a grandson by City Council president Lynette McElhaney -- was slain in what police say was a robbery homicide. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>4. \u003cstrong>Fatal Police Shootings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The hashtag that helped define a movement, #\u003ca href=\"https://stories.californiasunday.com/2015-03-01/black-lives-matter/\" target=\"_blank\">Black Lives Matter\u003c/a>, began, among other places, in Oakland.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland's police department has been singled out by the Obama administration as a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/03/oakland-police-reform-115552_Page4.html#.VoUPR8ArLjA\" target=\"_blank\">progressive department\u003c/a> implementing new tactics to work more effectively in the community. But after two years of no fatal officer-involved shootings by the OPD, 2015 saw five killings at the hands of police, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Man-fleeing-Oakland-police-found-dead-after-6394929.php\" target=\"_blank\">at least one death \u003c/a>some saw as suspicious. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The circumstances in each instance were distinct, but the message of Black Lives Matter and other activists was uniform: They criticized OPD as too ready to fire on black men. A group known as Mapping Police Violence ranked \u003ca href=\"http://mappingpoliceviolence.org/2015/\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland as the third-most-dangerous city\u003c/a> in the U.S. for being killed by police in 2015. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The city says that each of these cases was justified and that it has strengthened internal review of all instances where officers use force against civilians.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>5. \u003cstrong>The Coal Wars\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many Oaklanders were angry when they learned that developers of a new logistics facility being built on the site of a former army base want \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/07/30/a-dust-up-in-oakland-over-plan-to-ship-coal-through-new-terminal\" target=\"_blank\">to export coal through the city\u003c/a>. This got the attention of Mayor Libby Schaaf, who wrote “s\u003ca href=\"http://documents.scribd.com.s3.amazonaws.com/docs/3khxtyd4w4j07hq.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">top it immediately\u003c/a>” in a letter to investor Phil Tagami.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland officials are now considering what legal options the city has to stop the movement of coal through the city, although it appears there may not be many. There is a clause in the agreement between the city and Tagami’s group that would allow the city to amend the agreement if the project would affect the health or safety of employees or neighbors. A hearing on the issue is scheduled for Feb. 16.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>6. \u003cstrong> Oakland's 'Soul'\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A distinct feeling of what might be called gentrification anxiety lingered heavily in the air in 2015, like a fog rolling across the bay. There was a widespread sense of dread that seemed to say that nothing less than Oakland's soul was at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given this tension, it is perhaps not surprising that what started out as a noise complaint one night at Lake Merritt by a newer white resident against a group of mostly black drummers ended in an altercation and the police being called.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News spread quickly on social media that there were new bans being enforced at the lake. There weren't, actually, but -- added to reports that some black churches had also been the subject of complaints over late-night choir practices -- many were left feeling that the \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/who-owns-communal-space-in-oakland#t=0:00\" target=\"_blank\">city's culture, especially black culture, was under assault\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>7. \u003cstrong> Uber\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/23/uber-comes-to-oakland-in-a-big-way\" target=\"_blank\">Uber announced\u003c/a> in September that it would open a major office in Oakland’s Uptown neighborhood,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Schaaf called it a game-changer. The ride-service giant says it will create between 2,000 and 3,000 new jobs. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Uber could become a major player in defining the future of downtown Oakland when its office opens in 2017. Since the purchase was made on the private market, the company wasn’t required to provide any specific community benefits beyond a \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/blog/real-estate/2015/10/uber-oakland-affordable-housing-fee-gentrification.html\" target=\"_blank\">$1 million affordable housing\u003c/a> fee. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some are concerned that, as Oakland attracts more large powerful companies, the housing market will price out current residents, as has happened in San Francisco. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/pop/2015/09/24/welcome-to-oakland-uber-a-few-tips-for-the-big-move/\" target=\"_blank\">Read some tips KQED has for Uber here\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>8. \u003cstrong>The Warriors\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Of course the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/16/game-6-warriors-look-to-clinch-nba-championship\" target=\"_blank\">Golden State Warriors winning\u003c/a> their first championship in 40 years made this year’s list. They were (and continue to be) the best team in the NBA. In June, the Warriors beat the Cleveland Cavaliers in six games and brought \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/miss-the-warriors-parade-weve-got-you-covered\" target=\"_blank\">a huge celebration to downtown Oakland\u003c/a>. This season, the team is off to an even better start.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/kqed/congratulations-warriors-fans-heres-to-you\" target=\"_blank\">“Curry with the sauce all day.”\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>9. \u003cstrong>The Curfew\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of Schaaf's most \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/06/05/oakland-councilmembers-question-police-overspending-to-crack-down-on-protesters\">publicly criticized acts\u003c/a> of the year was when she instructed Oakland police to enforce a “protest curfew” to shut down \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-four-arrested-in-oakland-protests-20150525-story.html\">unauthorized protests after dark\u003c/a>. The new policy got off to a rocky start when officers tried it out on a\u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/05/22/oakland-mayor-libby-schaaf-institutes-curfew-on-nighttime-street-protest\"> peaceful protest organized by black women\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While Schaaf says that the policy helps stop looting, actual implementation by police seems to have ended. The backlash from many activists and civil rights groups, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/blog/aclu-oakland-protest-curfew-let-people-march\">ACLU, \u003c/a>helped set the tone for an antagonistic relationship between the mayor and the city’s activists. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>10. \u003cstrong>Bizarre Brawls\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This technically did not happen in Oakland, but at an Alameda City Council meeting,\u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/SevenDays/archives/2015/11/05/a-beat-down-at-alameda-city-hall\" target=\"_blank\"> fisticuffs broke out\u003c/a> between a tenants rights advocate and the director of public works. The tension? Rising rents and evictions in Alameda, and the passage of a moratorium on rent increases. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Former-Black-Panther-leader-claims-Oakland-6645231.php\" target=\"_blank\">Oakland proper, \u003c/a>activist and former Black Panther leader Elaine Brown accused longtime City Councilwoman Desley Brooks of attacking her at a barbecue joint, Everett and Jones. As described in \u003ca href=\"http://www.scribd.com/doc/293641717/Elaine-Brown-Complaint\" target=\"_blank\">the complaint Brown filed against the city\u003c/a>, the incident sounds like a soap-opera episode. It sprang from the two discussing -- no surprise --affordable housing. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "There's Snow in the Sierra, But Not Enough Yet",
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"content": "\u003cp>It didn't take an official measurement for Californians to start celebrating the presence of snow in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But still, drought watchers have anxiously awaited California's version of Groundhog Day, the Sierra snow survey. Starting in December, the California Department of Water Resources sends a crew each month to a spot near Echo Summit, high above Lake Tahoe. The crew measures the snow, tells reporters, and reporters tell the rest of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year the news is obviously better than last year, with the snowpack at 136 percent of average at Phillips Station. But statewide remote sensing shows the snowpack at 105 percent of normal for this date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CapRadioQuinton/status/682277819024474112\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Which is encouraging. But still obviously not where we'd like to be,\" said chief surveyor Frank Gehrke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A good part of this snowpack is going to essentially soak into the ground before we see it as runoff,\" Gehrke said. \"So we're encouraged, but we have four to five months before the final tale is told, in terms of whether or not we make significant progress on recovering from the drought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>How Does the Snow Survey Work?\u003c/strong> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xojdkhJwZxY\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More snow is good, because in the spring and summer the snow melts and runs down streams and rivers into the state's reservoirs. Some 30 percent of water for Californians comes just from the Sierra Nevada snowmelt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arthur Hinojosa, with the Department of Water Resources, says that in some ways, the snow is even more important than the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because that snowpack is the best reservoir we have and if it’s sitting there full going into the summer,\" Hinojosa says, \"then that’s a boon and we did not have that last year at all. We had our largest reservoir empty going into the summer. And that was a huge impact across the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this date is early in the game. We need the snowpack to continue building through March, but as the full effect of the ocean’s strong El Niño conditions kicks in during January, storms could revert to the more familiar “Pineapple Express” -- warm tropical systems that tend to drop more rain than snow in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/snowapp/sweq.action\" target=\"_blank\">follow the snow online\u003c/a>, where electronic sensors record every hour of every day during the winter season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"rectangular\" ids=\"10814856,10814855,10814852,10814848,10814846,10814840,10814844,10814842,10814845\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It didn't take an official measurement for Californians to start celebrating the presence of snow in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But still, drought watchers have anxiously awaited California's version of Groundhog Day, the Sierra snow survey. Starting in December, the California Department of Water Resources sends a crew each month to a spot near Echo Summit, high above Lake Tahoe. The crew measures the snow, tells reporters, and reporters tell the rest of us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year the news is obviously better than last year, with the snowpack at 136 percent of average at Phillips Station. But statewide remote sensing shows the snowpack at 105 percent of normal for this date.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\"Which is encouraging. But still obviously not where we'd like to be,\" said chief surveyor Frank Gehrke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A good part of this snowpack is going to essentially soak into the ground before we see it as runoff,\" Gehrke said. \"So we're encouraged, but we have four to five months before the final tale is told, in terms of whether or not we make significant progress on recovering from the drought.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>How Does the Snow Survey Work?\u003c/strong> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xojdkhJwZxY\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More snow is good, because in the spring and summer the snow melts and runs down streams and rivers into the state's reservoirs. Some 30 percent of water for Californians comes just from the Sierra Nevada snowmelt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arthur Hinojosa, with the Department of Water Resources, says that in some ways, the snow is even more important than the rain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Because that snowpack is the best reservoir we have and if it’s sitting there full going into the summer,\" Hinojosa says, \"then that’s a boon and we did not have that last year at all. We had our largest reservoir empty going into the summer. And that was a huge impact across the state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this date is early in the game. We need the snowpack to continue building through March, but as the full effect of the ocean’s strong El Niño conditions kicks in during January, storms could revert to the more familiar “Pineapple Express” -- warm tropical systems that tend to drop more rain than snow in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cdecapp/snowapp/sweq.action\" target=\"_blank\">follow the snow online\u003c/a>, where electronic sensors record every hour of every day during the winter season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Controversial High-Tech Plan to Save Earth's Last Rhinos",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">L\u003c/span>ast month at the San Diego Zoo’s Safari Park, one of the world’s four last northern white rhinos died. It was the latest dose of bad news concerning threatened rhino species in Africa and Asia that are being slaughtered by poachers supplying the lucrative black market for the animal’s horn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the price of rhino horn nearing $70,000 a kilo, poaching in South Africa, where 90 percent of rhinos live today, has increased more than a hundredfold in less than a decade. In 2007, South African authorities recorded eight white rhinos killed by poachers; last year, the number was more than 1,200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First used in Chinese medicine 1,800 years ago, demand for rhino horn is now driven primarily by a surge in popularity in Vietnam. In addition to being thought of as a treatment for cancer and fever, it has emerged as a status symbol. Businessmen showcase rhino horns as trophies and shave off powder to serve in cocktails. Ingestion of the powder is also thought to alleviate hangovers and is allegedly sometimes snorted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So with an apparently insatiable appetite for rhino horn and poachers overwhelming South African law enforcement, the 50-million-year-old species appears headed for certain extinction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, a San Francisco startup is developing a technology it says could save the world's rhinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm, \u003ca href=\"http://signup.pembient.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Pembient\u003c/a>, is developing a method to 3-D print rhino horn that is genetically identical to wild horn. By supplying the black market with an indistinguishable synthetic substitute, the company thinks it can drive down the cost of horn and undercut the incentive for poaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10806153\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10806153\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1440x960.jpg\" alt=\"Indian forestry officials stand near the carcass of a one-horned rhinoceros which was killed and de-horned by poachers in Burapahar, a range of the Kaziranga National Park, in June 2015.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10806153\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Indian forestry officials stand near the carcass of a one-horned rhinoceros which was killed and de-horned by poachers in Burapahar, a range of the Kaziranga National Park, in June 2015. \u003ccite>(AFP-Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Pembient will act as an inexhaustible stockpile of accessible rhino horn,” said Matthew Marcus, the company’s chief executive. “If we can make a product that’s bioidentical, we can control the price of horn in the market, and then hopefully save rhinos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advances in DNA sequencing now make it possible to replicate animal products in much the same way that software is copied, said George Bonaci, co-founder of Pembient. To create the horn, Pembient embeds the rhino’s genetic code into yeast, which converts sugar into horn protein, or keratin. This is the “ink” for the 3-D printer. The printing process then melts the keratin into solid pieces of horn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pembient was selected for the first San Francisco class of biotech accelerator Indie Bio, along with companies developing animal-free milk and egg whites from yeast, mass-produced stem cells that aim to reduce costs for stem cell research, and bioengineered textiles that aim to reduce the need for cotton harvesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In earlier stages of product development, Pembient was considering commercial products, like rhino beer and face cream made with synthetic horn. But the firm has dropped those plans and is now focused on producing solid horn. It has successfully engineered bioidentical horn powder and expects to be able to print a full horn within a year or two. The company says it will flood the market with this product, initially pricing it at one-eighth or less of the going rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>ut Pembient’s strategy places the company in the middle of a debate over how to manage a species on the brink of extinction. Armed rhino guards and would-be poachers die regularly in gunbattles. Governments battle over whether to lift the international trade ban on horn. And efforts to dehorn rhinos humanely have not been effective at deterring poaching because the horn grows back quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The international conservation community agrees that action must be taken, but many are concerned that Pembient’s plan could make matters worse by introducing new demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Synthetic rhino horn products could increase the pace of the demise of rhinos,” said John Baker, managing director of \u003ca href=\"http://wildaid.org/\" target=\"_blank\">WildAid\u003c/a>, a San Francisco-based conservation nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Reducing the cost will only make it accessible to many more people who could not previously afford it, just as we’re getting to a critical mass in the public perception that rhino horn is bad,” Baker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10806154\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10806154\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1440x960.jpg\" alt=\"Crime scene investigator examines a poached rhino carcass in September 2014 in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. \" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10806154\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crime scene investigator examines a poached rhino carcass in September 2014 in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. \u003ccite>(Moeletsi Mabe/The Times-Gallo Images-Getty Images))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Baker’s organization believes that the poaching crisis can be solved only through reducing demand and enforcing trade bans. It produces big-budget public service announcements starring the likes of \u003ca href=\"http://www.wildaid.org/people/jackie-chan\" target=\"_blank\">Jackie Chan\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://wildaid.org/news/prince-williams-historic-wildlife-address-chinese-people\" target=\"_blank\">Prince William\u003c/a> to educate Asian consumers about the consequences of purchasing rhino horn as well as ivory, tiger skins and shark fin. A number of other NGOs, including the \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/rhino\" target=\"_blank\">World Wildlife Foundation\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://rhinos.org/\" target=\"_blank\">International Rhino Foundation\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetherhino.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Save the Rhino\u003c/a>, are employing similar approaches and have issued public statements voicing the same concerns over synthetic horn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to WildAid surveys, many Vietnamese do not know that purchasing horn results in the death of wild rhinos or that the animal is facing the threat of extinction. Baker says that once people are informed of the facts, they stop consuming the products. He points to successful reduction in demand for other wildlife products, such as an 85 percent drop in consumption of shark fin soup in China over a recent three-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pembient counters that demand can never be eliminated completely, and that rising poaching rates show that existing conservation approaches are not working quickly enough. It says that demand reduction campaigns could in some cases actually create demand by focusing public attention on rhino horn. It also questions the ethics of imposing Western values on Asian traditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to make it so it’s not a zero-sum game where either the tradition dies or the rhino dies,” Bonaci said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baker and others question the merit of profiting from synthetic rhino horn, and say that Pembient is trying to make money from its technology. In response, Pembient says it plans to donate a portion of revenue to anti-poverty campaigns and conservation. It also argues it will be able to attract better talent to work on the issue because it is a business and can afford to pay competitive salaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents raise concerns that if there were no way to tell the difference between wild and synthetic horn, it would be impossible to regulate black market trade. Pembient plans to solve the problem by developing a way to identify synthetic horn that only law enforcement officials could recognize. Experts say this could be the most challenging component of Pembient’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People watching the issue closely believe that the survival of the rhino species hinges on decisions to be made in the next few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>World leaders will gather in Johannesburg in 2016 to consider whether to lift the global trade ban on rhino horn. A South African court is currently considering domestic legalization, with some proponents also pushing for the introduction of rhino farming. A number of wildlife managers are also experimenting with the use of drones and satellites to monitor and protect wild rhinos, to mixed success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pembient says its approach is uniquely sustainable and scalable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re turning the whole boat around 180 degrees from what people have been doing for the past 10 years with no results, and saying, ‘Let’s make as much horn as possible,’ ” Marcus said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">L\u003c/span>ast month at the San Diego Zoo’s Safari Park, one of the world’s four last northern white rhinos died. It was the latest dose of bad news concerning threatened rhino species in Africa and Asia that are being slaughtered by poachers supplying the lucrative black market for the animal’s horn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the price of rhino horn nearing $70,000 a kilo, poaching in South Africa, where 90 percent of rhinos live today, has increased more than a hundredfold in less than a decade. In 2007, South African authorities recorded eight white rhinos killed by poachers; last year, the number was more than 1,200.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First used in Chinese medicine 1,800 years ago, demand for rhino horn is now driven primarily by a surge in popularity in Vietnam. In addition to being thought of as a treatment for cancer and fever, it has emerged as a status symbol. Businessmen showcase rhino horns as trophies and shave off powder to serve in cocktails. Ingestion of the powder is also thought to alleviate hangovers and is allegedly sometimes snorted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So with an apparently insatiable appetite for rhino horn and poachers overwhelming South African law enforcement, the 50-million-year-old species appears headed for certain extinction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, a San Francisco startup is developing a technology it says could save the world's rhinos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm, \u003ca href=\"http://signup.pembient.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Pembient\u003c/a>, is developing a method to 3-D print rhino horn that is genetically identical to wild horn. By supplying the black market with an indistinguishable synthetic substitute, the company thinks it can drive down the cost of horn and undercut the incentive for poaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10806153\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10806153\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1440x960.jpg\" alt=\"Indian forestry officials stand near the carcass of a one-horned rhinoceros which was killed and de-horned by poachers in Burapahar, a range of the Kaziranga National Park, in June 2015.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10806153\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-478965476-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Indian forestry officials stand near the carcass of a one-horned rhinoceros which was killed and de-horned by poachers in Burapahar, a range of the Kaziranga National Park, in June 2015. \u003ccite>(AFP-Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Pembient will act as an inexhaustible stockpile of accessible rhino horn,” said Matthew Marcus, the company’s chief executive. “If we can make a product that’s bioidentical, we can control the price of horn in the market, and then hopefully save rhinos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advances in DNA sequencing now make it possible to replicate animal products in much the same way that software is copied, said George Bonaci, co-founder of Pembient. To create the horn, Pembient embeds the rhino’s genetic code into yeast, which converts sugar into horn protein, or keratin. This is the “ink” for the 3-D printer. The printing process then melts the keratin into solid pieces of horn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pembient was selected for the first San Francisco class of biotech accelerator Indie Bio, along with companies developing animal-free milk and egg whites from yeast, mass-produced stem cells that aim to reduce costs for stem cell research, and bioengineered textiles that aim to reduce the need for cotton harvesting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In earlier stages of product development, Pembient was considering commercial products, like rhino beer and face cream made with synthetic horn. But the firm has dropped those plans and is now focused on producing solid horn. It has successfully engineered bioidentical horn powder and expects to be able to print a full horn within a year or two. The company says it will flood the market with this product, initially pricing it at one-eighth or less of the going rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">B\u003c/span>ut Pembient’s strategy places the company in the middle of a debate over how to manage a species on the brink of extinction. Armed rhino guards and would-be poachers die regularly in gunbattles. Governments battle over whether to lift the international trade ban on horn. And efforts to dehorn rhinos humanely have not been effective at deterring poaching because the horn grows back quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The international conservation community agrees that action must be taken, but many are concerned that Pembient’s plan could make matters worse by introducing new demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Synthetic rhino horn products could increase the pace of the demise of rhinos,” said John Baker, managing director of \u003ca href=\"http://wildaid.org/\" target=\"_blank\">WildAid\u003c/a>, a San Francisco-based conservation nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Reducing the cost will only make it accessible to many more people who could not previously afford it, just as we’re getting to a critical mass in the public perception that rhino horn is bad,” Baker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10806154\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10806154\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1440x960.jpg\" alt=\"Crime scene investigator examines a poached rhino carcass in September 2014 in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. \" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-10806154\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/GettyImages-455706982-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Crime scene investigator examines a poached rhino carcass in September 2014 in the Kruger National Park, South Africa. \u003ccite>(Moeletsi Mabe/The Times-Gallo Images-Getty Images))\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Baker’s organization believes that the poaching crisis can be solved only through reducing demand and enforcing trade bans. It produces big-budget public service announcements starring the likes of \u003ca href=\"http://www.wildaid.org/people/jackie-chan\" target=\"_blank\">Jackie Chan\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://wildaid.org/news/prince-williams-historic-wildlife-address-chinese-people\" target=\"_blank\">Prince William\u003c/a> to educate Asian consumers about the consequences of purchasing rhino horn as well as ivory, tiger skins and shark fin. A number of other NGOs, including the \u003ca href=\"http://www.worldwildlife.org/species/rhino\" target=\"_blank\">World Wildlife Foundation\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"http://rhinos.org/\" target=\"_blank\">International Rhino Foundation\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.savetherhino.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Save the Rhino\u003c/a>, are employing similar approaches and have issued public statements voicing the same concerns over synthetic horn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to WildAid surveys, many Vietnamese do not know that purchasing horn results in the death of wild rhinos or that the animal is facing the threat of extinction. Baker says that once people are informed of the facts, they stop consuming the products. He points to successful reduction in demand for other wildlife products, such as an 85 percent drop in consumption of shark fin soup in China over a recent three-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pembient counters that demand can never be eliminated completely, and that rising poaching rates show that existing conservation approaches are not working quickly enough. It says that demand reduction campaigns could in some cases actually create demand by focusing public attention on rhino horn. It also questions the ethics of imposing Western values on Asian traditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to make it so it’s not a zero-sum game where either the tradition dies or the rhino dies,” Bonaci said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baker and others question the merit of profiting from synthetic rhino horn, and say that Pembient is trying to make money from its technology. In response, Pembient says it plans to donate a portion of revenue to anti-poverty campaigns and conservation. It also argues it will be able to attract better talent to work on the issue because it is a business and can afford to pay competitive salaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents raise concerns that if there were no way to tell the difference between wild and synthetic horn, it would be impossible to regulate black market trade. Pembient plans to solve the problem by developing a way to identify synthetic horn that only law enforcement officials could recognize. Experts say this could be the most challenging component of Pembient’s plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People watching the issue closely believe that the survival of the rhino species hinges on decisions to be made in the next few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>World leaders will gather in Johannesburg in 2016 to consider whether to lift the global trade ban on rhino horn. A South African court is currently considering domestic legalization, with some proponents also pushing for the introduction of rhino farming. A number of wildlife managers are also experimenting with the use of drones and satellites to monitor and protect wild rhinos, to mixed success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pembient says its approach is uniquely sustainable and scalable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re turning the whole boat around 180 degrees from what people have been doing for the past 10 years with no results, and saying, ‘Let’s make as much horn as possible,’ ” Marcus said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Dana Gunders on Making Food Waste a Social Taboo",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s the holiday season and you know what that means: food and lots of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like most folks, you’ve probably had the following experience: You’re at a dinner party and helping to clean up. Then, somebody turns to the host and says, “Hey, where should I put all this salad?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the host says, “Toss it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you don’t say it. But what you wanna say is, “Wait! I’ll eat that!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to “make wasting food a social taboo,” says Dana Gunders, a scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/239013213\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, littering and smoking in public were not considered as offensive as they are today, and even \u003ca href=\"http://www.liquorlaws.net/duilaws.html\" target=\"_blank\">drunk driving\u003c/a> was winked at. Gunders wants to see the same trajectory of opprobrium for food waste as for previously accepted behaviors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m really hoping that we can get to a point where wasting food be looked down upon,” Gunders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans throw away about 40 percent of their food. That’s like buying five bags of groceries and then leaving two of them at the store. Gunders wrote a book called “Waste Free Kitchen Handbook,” which is full of these sorts of facts about food waste and gives tips on how to cut down on wasting food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders says it’s become sort of “posh” in America to throw away food, but it wasn’t always this way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are certainly wasting more food -- about 50 percent more of it -- than in the 70s,” she said. “This is a real change in attitude. (D)uring World War II, there was a huge campaign not to waste food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This included posters around the nation encouraging people to save food, she said. “The posters would say say things like food is a weapon, let’s save it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/CbPmkFW5gg0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>World War II may be over but that doesn’t make food any less valuable. Gunders wants us to think about the resources it takes to deliver food to our tables. There’s gas, labor, soil and water. In California,\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/05/21/us/your-contribution-to-the-california-drought.html\" target=\"_blank\"> 80 percent of the state’s water goes toward growing food\u003c/a>. And when you throw that food out, you’re throwing out the water used in its cultivation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then, there’s the fact that somebody else needs that food,” Gunders said. “It’s really a moral tragedy that we’re all okay with this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders says there are a few forces creating this situation. For one, the industrialization of the food industry has made food cheaper and more accessible in the U.S. than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the one hand we have one in six Americans who are food insecure, and that means they don’t know where their next meal will come from,” Gunders said. “On the other hand, for the other segment of the population, food is low cost and so it may be [an] inconvenience to save it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Gunders said, as we’ve shifted away from being an agrarian society, we’ve become even more out-of-touch with the value of food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see this phenomenon play out among students who take part in gardening programs. Having grown the food, they’ve learned to value it more, Gunders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When kids see how much it takes to grow a broccoli, they’re much more willing to eat it,” Gunders said. “And they’re less excited about throwing it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked Gunders if she thought there was more “germophobia” around our food today, because I've seen more and more people who think sharing food is unhealthy because it spreads germs. So ... better for your friend to throw out his half-eaten bowl of spaghetti than for you to eat it, is the thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think overall we do have more fear of our food than we used to,” Gunders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, people think you have to throw out food after their expiration dates. In fact, expiration dates are manufacturer suggestions for when the food is at its freshest. It’s not regulated and so really just the manufacturer’s best guess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People often think the food might make them sick after the expiration date,” Gunders said. “That’s not true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders said your body is highly attuned to detect food that is going bad. It smells bad, it tastes weird, it feels slimy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders said not wasting food has taken on some urgency in recent years. At the same time we’re wasting more food than ever, we’re also growing more of it, and that’s wreaking havoc on the environment. For example, livestock agriculture worldwide is one of both the biggest contributors to greenhouse gases and destroyers of biodiversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this is bumming you, don’t despair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The great news is that we can take this problem on,” Gunders said. “This is not climate change. This is about making small changes in our daily habits around food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first step to not wasting food: Know Thyself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people love leftovers and some people won’t touch them. If you’re somebody who finds them gross, Gunders suggests questioning your assumptions on why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if that’s you, I’d say be more careful about the portions you’re cooking. And encourage your guests to take the food home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this whole trend of carrying your coffee mug to the coffee shop,” Gunders said. “I’ve thought why don’t we carry our own leftover containers around?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With that, happy holidays, and don’t forget to bring that leftover container to your next party!\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s the holiday season and you know what that means: food and lots of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And like most folks, you’ve probably had the following experience: You’re at a dinner party and helping to clean up. Then, somebody turns to the host and says, “Hey, where should I put all this salad?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the host says, “Toss it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you don’t say it. But what you wanna say is, “Wait! I’ll eat that!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We need to “make wasting food a social taboo,” says Dana Gunders, a scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/239013213&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/239013213'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At one time, littering and smoking in public were not considered as offensive as they are today, and even \u003ca href=\"http://www.liquorlaws.net/duilaws.html\" target=\"_blank\">drunk driving\u003c/a> was winked at. Gunders wants to see the same trajectory of opprobrium for food waste as for previously accepted behaviors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m really hoping that we can get to a point where wasting food be looked down upon,” Gunders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans throw away about 40 percent of their food. That’s like buying five bags of groceries and then leaving two of them at the store. Gunders wrote a book called “Waste Free Kitchen Handbook,” which is full of these sorts of facts about food waste and gives tips on how to cut down on wasting food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders says it’s become sort of “posh” in America to throw away food, but it wasn’t always this way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are certainly wasting more food -- about 50 percent more of it -- than in the 70s,” she said. “This is a real change in attitude. (D)uring World War II, there was a huge campaign not to waste food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This included posters around the nation encouraging people to save food, she said. “The posters would say say things like food is a weapon, let’s save it.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/CbPmkFW5gg0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/CbPmkFW5gg0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>World War II may be over but that doesn’t make food any less valuable. Gunders wants us to think about the resources it takes to deliver food to our tables. There’s gas, labor, soil and water. In California,\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/05/21/us/your-contribution-to-the-california-drought.html\" target=\"_blank\"> 80 percent of the state’s water goes toward growing food\u003c/a>. And when you throw that food out, you’re throwing out the water used in its cultivation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then, there’s the fact that somebody else needs that food,” Gunders said. “It’s really a moral tragedy that we’re all okay with this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders says there are a few forces creating this situation. For one, the industrialization of the food industry has made food cheaper and more accessible in the U.S. than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“On the one hand we have one in six Americans who are food insecure, and that means they don’t know where their next meal will come from,” Gunders said. “On the other hand, for the other segment of the population, food is low cost and so it may be [an] inconvenience to save it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, Gunders said, as we’ve shifted away from being an agrarian society, we’ve become even more out-of-touch with the value of food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see this phenomenon play out among students who take part in gardening programs. Having grown the food, they’ve learned to value it more, Gunders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When kids see how much it takes to grow a broccoli, they’re much more willing to eat it,” Gunders said. “And they’re less excited about throwing it out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked Gunders if she thought there was more “germophobia” around our food today, because I've seen more and more people who think sharing food is unhealthy because it spreads germs. So ... better for your friend to throw out his half-eaten bowl of spaghetti than for you to eat it, is the thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do think overall we do have more fear of our food than we used to,” Gunders said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, people think you have to throw out food after their expiration dates. In fact, expiration dates are manufacturer suggestions for when the food is at its freshest. It’s not regulated and so really just the manufacturer’s best guess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People often think the food might make them sick after the expiration date,” Gunders said. “That’s not true.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders said your body is highly attuned to detect food that is going bad. It smells bad, it tastes weird, it feels slimy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunders said not wasting food has taken on some urgency in recent years. At the same time we’re wasting more food than ever, we’re also growing more of it, and that’s wreaking havoc on the environment. For example, livestock agriculture worldwide is one of both the biggest contributors to greenhouse gases and destroyers of biodiversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this is bumming you, don’t despair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The great news is that we can take this problem on,” Gunders said. “This is not climate change. This is about making small changes in our daily habits around food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first step to not wasting food: Know Thyself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people love leftovers and some people won’t touch them. If you’re somebody who finds them gross, Gunders suggests questioning your assumptions on why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if that’s you, I’d say be more careful about the portions you’re cooking. And encourage your guests to take the food home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s this whole trend of carrying your coffee mug to the coffee shop,” Gunders said. “I’ve thought why don’t we carry our own leftover containers around?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With that, happy holidays, and don’t forget to bring that leftover container to your next party!\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Porter Ranch Residents at Wit's End Over Months-Old Gas Leak",
"title": "Porter Ranch Residents at Wit's End Over Months-Old Gas Leak",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>People say the rotten-egg stench is everywhere. First it’s irritating, then sickening, then crushing, maddening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Day in, day out.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katelin, 8 years old, says she can’t stand to play outside anymore. A 10-year-old boy says he hasn’t been able to pay attention at school -- all he wants to do is go home, make sure all the doors and windows are shut tight, and pull down the shades and go to sleep.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need air!” says Andrew Krowne, Katelin's father. \"You’re saying not to go outside and breathe?”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Porter Ranch neighborhood where these people live is next to SoCalGas’ Aliso Canyon Storage Facility, a complex of pumped-out oil wells in the Simi Hills, 28 miles west of downtown Los Angeles. Here, SoCalGas pumps natural gas under pressure into spongelike sandstone formations thousands of feet beneath the earth’s surface.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company first reported a leak in the facility's Well 25 on \u003cspan class=\"aBn\">\u003cspan class=\"aQJ\">Oct. 23\u003c/span>\u003c/span>, and it’s been spewing methane unchecked ever since. California Air Resources Board officials say that every day the well vents enough gas to fill the Empire State Building.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238819892\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and each month the leak in Aliso Canyon goes unchecked \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/12/14/the-hidden-climate-threat-that-gas-companies-noticed-but-rarely-fixed/\" target=\"_blank\">contributes the same amount to global warming\u003c/a> as adding another 200,000 cars on the road for a year, CARB spokesman David Clegern said.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As emergency crews work around the clock to stop the leak, the state official in charge of well regulation has called the accident a very unusual event that would have been hard to predict.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others say sloppy state oversight could lead to more such disasters.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This field has over 90 more wells up here that are just as old as the well that’s leaking now,” says Walker Foley, an organizer with Food & Water Watch, an environmental group. \"This field is a catastrophe waiting to happen.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"QSwzgGOWjhK4WpBCIjzTLRoQSn5DWZI1\"]The gas itself is odorless, but it’s treated with mercaptans, sulfur-based odorants meant to raise an alarm when methane escapes.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Gillian Wright, SoCalGas vice president for customer services, some 20 sampling devices on and around the company’s property have failed to detect hydrocarbons, or even mercaptans, above regulatory thresholds.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though county health officials don’t expect the additives to cause any long-term illnesses, they often make people feel very ill when they’re exposed to them, said Cyrus Rangan, who heads the L.A. county health department’s Bureau of Toxicology and Environmental Assessment.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The] physiologic response is actual health symptoms that include nausea, headaches, dizziness, lightheadedness, some respiratory problems,” Rangan says. “So, they are real symptoms. They are happening every day for a lot of people, and they’re getting worse for a lot of people as well.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10805407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10805407 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1440x964.jpg\" alt=\"PorterRanch\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1440x964.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-400x268.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-768x514.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Porter Ranch residents and environmental activists from throughout the Los Angeles metropolitan area picketed recently outside the entrance to the Aliso Canyon Storage Facility, operated by SoCalGas. A huge natural gas leak there has gone unchecked for two months. (Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas has paid to relocate about 2,100 families away from the putrid fumes, and there are another 550 or so on a waiting list.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A.’s city attorney has sued the company for allegedly creating a public nuisance, and \u003cspan class=\"aBn\">\u003cspan class=\"aQJ\">on Tuesday\u003c/span>\u003c/span> he \u003ca href=\"http://www.lacityattorney.org/#!Los-Angeles-City-Attorney-Mike-Feuer-Seeks-Temporary-Restraining-Order-Against-SoCal-Gas-Over-Porter-Ranch-Gas-Leak-Will-Also-Seek-to-Depose-Key-Gas-Company-Employees/c1143/5679a8dd0cf203da56e8964b\" target=\"_blank\">sought a restraining order\u003c/a> that would compel the gas company to act more quickly to find temporary shelter for people affected by the leak. City Attorney Mike Feuer argues that nobody in that situation should have to wait more than 48 hours after requesting relocation assistance.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A law firm associated with environmental activist Erin Brockovich has been signing people up for individual lawsuits, and another firm has filed a class-action case. Los Angeles school district officials have closed two campuses and authorized a possible lawsuit.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles City Councilman Mitchell Englander, who represents neighborhoods near the well, says he values the help his constituents have received, including investigations by a broad array of state agencies.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a big question that’s been looming to me from the beginning of this,” Englander told the crowd at a forum organized by Brockovich’s legal team to recruit plaintiffs for litigation. “Where’s our governor? I don’t know why he hasn’t been here on site. He’s the only that can actually declare a state of emergency if that’s truly needed. He can bring in the outside resources and contact the feds. So yeah, Jerry Brown, wherever you are, come to Porter Ranch as quickly as possible. We need your help.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Bout, assistant director for response at Brown’s Office of Emergency Services, said the leak doesn’t fit the guidelines for an emergency declaration, because SoCalGas has been paying for temporary housing and other emergency needs and because the state’s Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) already has the authority it needs.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Bohlen, state oil and gas supervisor and the head of DOGGR, says his staff tells him this kind of leak actually was hard to see coming. He ordered SoCalGas to stop pumping into any storage reservoirs around the well, to reduce pressure on the leak.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe we have some of the best advisers available, and we will work with the company to make sure they’re doing the right things that are both protecting public safety and getting the well closed as quickly as possible,” says Bohlen, who resigned on Nov. 30 but remains DOGGR's designated authority on the well leak.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cornell University engineering professor Tony Ingraffea -- a former petrochemical industry insider and outspoken critic of industry practices -- says with California’s regulatory record, the Aliso Canyon leak should be no surprise.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Routine is, ‘Well, we just didn’t get around to it. We don’t have enough manpower. We didn’t get the reports on time from the company. The company failed to fill out the reports adequately.’ ” Ingraffea says. “Now that process goes on and on and on, weeks, months, years. And then something like this happens, and routine becomes negligence.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents included with \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653468-Porter-Ranch-Gas-Leak-Complaint-Perris.html\" target=\"_blank\">one of the lawsuits\u003c/a> show a number of wells around the leak site that are \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653467-Missing-Data.html\" target=\"_blank\">missing pressure data\u003c/a>. Bohlen says it’s not clear whether operators failed to report the data or regulators failed to record it.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just weeks before the Porter Ranch leak was reported in October, DOGGR \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653469-2015-22-DOC-Issues-Renewal-Plan-for-Oil-and-Gas.html\" target=\"_blank\">announced plans\u003c/a> to reform shortcomings in the regional office, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653498-Renewal-Plan-10-08-2015.html\" target=\"_blank\">outdated enforcement policies and sloppy record keeping\u003c/a>.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bohlen says there’s no indication yet that either state regulators or SoCalGas did anything wrong at the leak site, and he’s confident the division is correcting its past shortcomings.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have completely turned the division’s direction to being very proactive. We’re issuing many, many more orders, notices of violations and so forth,” he says.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, former oil and gas geologist Briana Mordick points out that the shaft of the well \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653471-03700776-DATA-03-19-2008.html\" target=\"_blank\">appears to be only partially reinforced with concrete\u003c/a>. Mordick is now a senior scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council and a critic of state regulation of injection wells like the one that is leaking now.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Best practice would have more cement,” she says. “Certainly, you would want to make sure that any zones that contain fluid or things like that were shut off. One of the problems you can have in a situation where you don’t have cement is the casing could be corroding on the back side.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A SoCalGas project manager replied to an interview request with an email saying the company won’t know what caused the leak until it has completed a thorough review. That won’t happen until after the leak is plugged, the email states.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews are working around the clock to tap into the well shaft, near where it meets a subterranean reservoir. Once they hit the shaft, they’ll inject heavy mud and fluids to choke the flow of gas.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drilling could take another four months.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>People say the rotten-egg stench is everywhere. First it’s irritating, then sickening, then crushing, maddening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Day in, day out.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katelin, 8 years old, says she can’t stand to play outside anymore. A 10-year-old boy says he hasn’t been able to pay attention at school -- all he wants to do is go home, make sure all the doors and windows are shut tight, and pull down the shades and go to sleep.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need air!” says Andrew Krowne, Katelin's father. \"You’re saying not to go outside and breathe?”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Porter Ranch neighborhood where these people live is next to SoCalGas’ Aliso Canyon Storage Facility, a complex of pumped-out oil wells in the Simi Hills, 28 miles west of downtown Los Angeles. Here, SoCalGas pumps natural gas under pressure into spongelike sandstone formations thousands of feet beneath the earth’s surface.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company first reported a leak in the facility's Well 25 on \u003cspan class=\"aBn\">\u003cspan class=\"aQJ\">Oct. 23\u003c/span>\u003c/span>, and it’s been spewing methane unchecked ever since. California Air Resources Board officials say that every day the well vents enough gas to fill the Empire State Building.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238819892&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238819892'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, and each month the leak in Aliso Canyon goes unchecked \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2015/12/14/the-hidden-climate-threat-that-gas-companies-noticed-but-rarely-fixed/\" target=\"_blank\">contributes the same amount to global warming\u003c/a> as adding another 200,000 cars on the road for a year, CARB spokesman David Clegern said.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As emergency crews work around the clock to stop the leak, the state official in charge of well regulation has called the accident a very unusual event that would have been hard to predict.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others say sloppy state oversight could lead to more such disasters.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This field has over 90 more wells up here that are just as old as the well that’s leaking now,” says Walker Foley, an organizer with Food & Water Watch, an environmental group. \"This field is a catastrophe waiting to happen.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>The gas itself is odorless, but it’s treated with mercaptans, sulfur-based odorants meant to raise an alarm when methane escapes.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Gillian Wright, SoCalGas vice president for customer services, some 20 sampling devices on and around the company’s property have failed to detect hydrocarbons, or even mercaptans, above regulatory thresholds.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even though county health officials don’t expect the additives to cause any long-term illnesses, they often make people feel very ill when they’re exposed to them, said Cyrus Rangan, who heads the L.A. county health department’s Bureau of Toxicology and Environmental Assessment.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The] physiologic response is actual health symptoms that include nausea, headaches, dizziness, lightheadedness, some respiratory problems,” Rangan says. “So, they are real symptoms. They are happening every day for a lot of people, and they’re getting worse for a lot of people as well.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10805407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10805407 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1440x964.jpg\" alt=\"PorterRanch\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1440x964.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-400x268.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-800x536.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-768x514.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch-960x643.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/PorterRanch.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Porter Ranch residents and environmental activists from throughout the Los Angeles metropolitan area picketed recently outside the entrance to the Aliso Canyon Storage Facility, operated by SoCalGas. A huge natural gas leak there has gone unchecked for two months. (Chris Richard/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas has paid to relocate about 2,100 families away from the putrid fumes, and there are another 550 or so on a waiting list.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>L.A.’s city attorney has sued the company for allegedly creating a public nuisance, and \u003cspan class=\"aBn\">\u003cspan class=\"aQJ\">on Tuesday\u003c/span>\u003c/span> he \u003ca href=\"http://www.lacityattorney.org/#!Los-Angeles-City-Attorney-Mike-Feuer-Seeks-Temporary-Restraining-Order-Against-SoCal-Gas-Over-Porter-Ranch-Gas-Leak-Will-Also-Seek-to-Depose-Key-Gas-Company-Employees/c1143/5679a8dd0cf203da56e8964b\" target=\"_blank\">sought a restraining order\u003c/a> that would compel the gas company to act more quickly to find temporary shelter for people affected by the leak. City Attorney Mike Feuer argues that nobody in that situation should have to wait more than 48 hours after requesting relocation assistance.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A law firm associated with environmental activist Erin Brockovich has been signing people up for individual lawsuits, and another firm has filed a class-action case. Los Angeles school district officials have closed two campuses and authorized a possible lawsuit.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles City Councilman Mitchell Englander, who represents neighborhoods near the well, says he values the help his constituents have received, including investigations by a broad array of state agencies.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a big question that’s been looming to me from the beginning of this,” Englander told the crowd at a forum organized by Brockovich’s legal team to recruit plaintiffs for litigation. “Where’s our governor? I don’t know why he hasn’t been here on site. He’s the only that can actually declare a state of emergency if that’s truly needed. He can bring in the outside resources and contact the feds. So yeah, Jerry Brown, wherever you are, come to Porter Ranch as quickly as possible. We need your help.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dan Bout, assistant director for response at Brown’s Office of Emergency Services, said the leak doesn’t fit the guidelines for an emergency declaration, because SoCalGas has been paying for temporary housing and other emergency needs and because the state’s Division of Oil, Gas and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) already has the authority it needs.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Bohlen, state oil and gas supervisor and the head of DOGGR, says his staff tells him this kind of leak actually was hard to see coming. He ordered SoCalGas to stop pumping into any storage reservoirs around the well, to reduce pressure on the leak.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe we have some of the best advisers available, and we will work with the company to make sure they’re doing the right things that are both protecting public safety and getting the well closed as quickly as possible,” says Bohlen, who resigned on Nov. 30 but remains DOGGR's designated authority on the well leak.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cornell University engineering professor Tony Ingraffea -- a former petrochemical industry insider and outspoken critic of industry practices -- says with California’s regulatory record, the Aliso Canyon leak should be no surprise.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Routine is, ‘Well, we just didn’t get around to it. We don’t have enough manpower. We didn’t get the reports on time from the company. The company failed to fill out the reports adequately.’ ” Ingraffea says. “Now that process goes on and on and on, weeks, months, years. And then something like this happens, and routine becomes negligence.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public documents included with \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653468-Porter-Ranch-Gas-Leak-Complaint-Perris.html\" target=\"_blank\">one of the lawsuits\u003c/a> show a number of wells around the leak site that are \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653467-Missing-Data.html\" target=\"_blank\">missing pressure data\u003c/a>. Bohlen says it’s not clear whether operators failed to report the data or regulators failed to record it.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just weeks before the Porter Ranch leak was reported in October, DOGGR \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653469-2015-22-DOC-Issues-Renewal-Plan-for-Oil-and-Gas.html\" target=\"_blank\">announced plans\u003c/a> to reform shortcomings in the regional office, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653498-Renewal-Plan-10-08-2015.html\" target=\"_blank\">outdated enforcement policies and sloppy record keeping\u003c/a>.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bohlen says there’s no indication yet that either state regulators or SoCalGas did anything wrong at the leak site, and he’s confident the division is correcting its past shortcomings.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have completely turned the division’s direction to being very proactive. We’re issuing many, many more orders, notices of violations and so forth,” he says.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, former oil and gas geologist Briana Mordick points out that the shaft of the well \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2653471-03700776-DATA-03-19-2008.html\" target=\"_blank\">appears to be only partially reinforced with concrete\u003c/a>. Mordick is now a senior scientist with the Natural Resources Defense Council and a critic of state regulation of injection wells like the one that is leaking now.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Best practice would have more cement,” she says. “Certainly, you would want to make sure that any zones that contain fluid or things like that were shut off. One of the problems you can have in a situation where you don’t have cement is the casing could be corroding on the back side.”\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A SoCalGas project manager replied to an interview request with an email saying the company won’t know what caused the leak until it has completed a thorough review. That won’t happen until after the leak is plugged, the email states.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crews are working around the clock to tap into the well shaft, near where it meets a subterranean reservoir. Once they hit the shaft, they’ll inject heavy mud and fluids to choke the flow of gas.\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003cu>\u003c/u>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "PG&E Wants to Give Ivanpah Plant More Time to Meet Power Targets",
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"content": "\u003cp>PG&E wants to give the owners of the troubled Ivanpah solar plant six extra months to get their power-generation act together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility is asking state regulators to approve “forbearance agreements” with the owners of the $2.2 billion, federally backed tower-power plant in the Mojave Desert, which is on the verge of failing to meet electricity production requirements set out in its power purchase agreements (PPAs) with PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/15/nrg-ivanpah-faces-chance-of-default-PGE-contract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported last week\u003c/a>, majority owner and plant manager NRG Energy said in a November quarterly report that it won’t be able to deliver the electricity it promised to PG&E. As a result, “PG&E may, at its option, declare an event of default” when a two-year “guaranteed energy production” period comes up on Feb. 1, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its request to the California Public Utilities Commission, PG&E said if it doesn’t get the matter resolved by March 31, “PG&E may, in order to protect its customers’ interests, need to begin a process that could lead to its declaring an event of default under the PPAs and invoking the remedies available to it (including contract termination).” The power agreements are confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benefit of forbearance to NRG and minority owners Google and BrightSource Energy would be obvious — they get six months to continue to ramp up performance, which was up 71 percent in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same period in 2014, Ivanpah’s first year in operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement issued Tuesday, NRG said, “Based on the performance increases we have seen in 2015, external modeling for 2016 forecasts that we can meet these targets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its filing with the CPUC, PG&E says both it and its ratepayers will also benefit from the new deals. Not only would renewable energy required under state law continue to flow, but PG&E would get undisclosed “consideration” — payment — for any gap in actual and promised electricity delivery. Such payments, not included in PG&E’s current Ivanpah agreements, would apply to the first two years of the plant’s operation as well as the proposed forbearance period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The payments could take a bit of the sting out of the high price PG&E’s customers pay for Ivanpah power: around $200 per megawatt hour, more than three times the rate set out in new agreements for electricity from solar plants that use photovoltaic panels, according to Lawrence Berkeley Lab researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new agreements between PG&E and Ivanpah’s owners would run for six months “unless extended for an additional six months if the Projects are able to meet certain production requirements during the initial six months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To produce electricity, Ivanpah, just off Interstate 15 about 40 miles south of Las Vegas, uses giant mirrors that reflect light onto boilers atop 459-foot-tall towers, producing steam that is then used to spin turbines. The plant’s construction was backed by a $1.6 billion loan guarantee through the Department of Energy as well as a $535 million cash payment in lieu of a tax credit from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While its three units were expected to produce nearly 1 million megawatt-hours annually — enough to meet the needs of 140,000 households — first-year output came in around 420,000 MWh. Under the PPA, Ivanpah is required to deliver to PG&E at least 70 percent of the guaranteed electricity in the first two years of operation, rising to 80 percent in subsequent rolling two-year periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NRG and BrightSource, the technology provider for the project, have said they expected all along it would take at least four years to get up to full speed. But production in the first year was clearly less robust than expected and put the plant in a big hole.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>PG&E wants to give the owners of the troubled Ivanpah solar plant six extra months to get their power-generation act together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The utility is asking state regulators to approve “forbearance agreements” with the owners of the $2.2 billion, federally backed tower-power plant in the Mojave Desert, which is on the verge of failing to meet electricity production requirements set out in its power purchase agreements (PPAs) with PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/15/nrg-ivanpah-faces-chance-of-default-PGE-contract\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported last week\u003c/a>, majority owner and plant manager NRG Energy said in a November quarterly report that it won’t be able to deliver the electricity it promised to PG&E. As a result, “PG&E may, at its option, declare an event of default” when a two-year “guaranteed energy production” period comes up on Feb. 1, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its request to the California Public Utilities Commission, PG&E said if it doesn’t get the matter resolved by March 31, “PG&E may, in order to protect its customers’ interests, need to begin a process that could lead to its declaring an event of default under the PPAs and invoking the remedies available to it (including contract termination).” The power agreements are confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The benefit of forbearance to NRG and minority owners Google and BrightSource Energy would be obvious — they get six months to continue to ramp up performance, which was up 71 percent in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same period in 2014, Ivanpah’s first year in operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement issued Tuesday, NRG said, “Based on the performance increases we have seen in 2015, external modeling for 2016 forecasts that we can meet these targets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its filing with the CPUC, PG&E says both it and its ratepayers will also benefit from the new deals. Not only would renewable energy required under state law continue to flow, but PG&E would get undisclosed “consideration” — payment — for any gap in actual and promised electricity delivery. Such payments, not included in PG&E’s current Ivanpah agreements, would apply to the first two years of the plant’s operation as well as the proposed forbearance period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The payments could take a bit of the sting out of the high price PG&E’s customers pay for Ivanpah power: around $200 per megawatt hour, more than three times the rate set out in new agreements for electricity from solar plants that use photovoltaic panels, according to Lawrence Berkeley Lab researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new agreements between PG&E and Ivanpah’s owners would run for six months “unless extended for an additional six months if the Projects are able to meet certain production requirements during the initial six months.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To produce electricity, Ivanpah, just off Interstate 15 about 40 miles south of Las Vegas, uses giant mirrors that reflect light onto boilers atop 459-foot-tall towers, producing steam that is then used to spin turbines. The plant’s construction was backed by a $1.6 billion loan guarantee through the Department of Energy as well as a $535 million cash payment in lieu of a tax credit from the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While its three units were expected to produce nearly 1 million megawatt-hours annually — enough to meet the needs of 140,000 households — first-year output came in around 420,000 MWh. Under the PPA, Ivanpah is required to deliver to PG&E at least 70 percent of the guaranteed electricity in the first two years of operation, rising to 80 percent in subsequent rolling two-year periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NRG and BrightSource, the technology provider for the project, have said they expected all along it would take at least four years to get up to full speed. But production in the first year was clearly less robust than expected and put the plant in a big hole.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Mild, Blustery Storm Passes; Cold Christmas Eve Rain Next",
"title": "Mild, Blustery Storm Passes; Cold Christmas Eve Rain Next",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 8:55 a.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong> The storm's heaviest rain has moved south of the central Bay Area, into the Santa Cruz Mountains, the highlands along the Big Sur coast and well beyond. As forecast, the weather system brought gusty winds into the Bay Area overnight, with many locations recording gusts of 40 mph and above. The highest gust \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?wfo=mtr&pil=PNS&sid=MTR&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">reported by the National Weather Service\u003c/a> on Tuesday morning: 71 mph at the Big Rock recording station, a ridgetop location above Marin County's Lucas Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other notable gusts: 62 mph on Atlas Peak, northeast of Napa; 55 mph at Las Trampas Ridge, west of the San Ramon Valley; 51 mph at San Francisco International Airport; 51 mph at the Benicia Bridge; 50 mph at Altamont Pass, east of Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our next storm, bringing colder temperatures and lighter rain, is expected to arrive late Wednesday in northern Sonoma County and continue through most of Christmas Eve. Forecasters say about an inch of rain could fall in ridgetop and mountain locations, with a chance of Christmas morning snow on the region's highest peaks. Lowland rainfall totals are expected to be modest -- just one-tenth to one-third of an inch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe/post/4674\" target=\"_blank\">Tahoe Daily Snow reports\u003c/a> that ski resorts along the crest of the Sierra picked up as much as 59 inches of snow over the past four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wednesday-Thursday storm is expected to bring another dumping of snow to the Sierra, with as much as 18 inches expected near the highway passes and even more at higher elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That weather system is expected to be followed by an extended, chilly break between storms, with most of the region forecast not to see precipitation again until early in the new year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 4:45 p.m. Monday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a strangely wet/damp/dry weekend in the Bay Area -- depending on where you were, you got a good soaking or saw hardly a drop of rain -- the Bay Area and much of the rest of Northern California is in for widespread rainfall marked by occasionally heavy downpours and high winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?wfo=mtr&pil=AFD&sid=MTR&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">National Weather Service Bay Area office in Monterey\u003c/a> says the storm system punching across the coast Monday afternoon will bring rainfall ranging from a half-inch to an inch in areas adjoining San Francisco Bay to 5 inches in the Santa Cruz Mountains, East Bay hills and higher elevations of Marin and Sonoma County. West to northwest winds \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?wfo=mtr&pil=NPW&sid=mtr&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">are forecast\u003c/a> to increase to 20 to 30 mph over the higher terrain of Marin and Sonoma counties and the East Bay, with gusts of 50 mph possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest storm, fed by a relatively dense plume of moisture being driven northeast across the Pacific from the subtropics west of the Hawaiian Islands, is dumping heavy rain over the Sierra foothills -- from 3 inches to 6 inches in some area -- and lots of snow higher up in the mountains. As much as 3 feet of heavy, wet snow could fall on Sierra peaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Precipitation totals\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Selected rain totals for 48 hours ending 4 p.m. Monday, Dec. 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable>\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003cth>Location\u003c/th>\n\u003cth>Amount (in.)\u003c/th>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Mount Tamalpais (Middle Peak)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>7.20\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Venado (Sonoma County)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>4.04\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Ben Lomond (Santa Cruz Mts.)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>3.93\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Olema (West Marin)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>3.91\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Vollmer Peak (Berkeley Hills)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>2.73\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Oakland\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>2.14\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>St. Mary's College (Moraga)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>2.10\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>San Francisco\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.94\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Santa Rosa\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.70\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>La Honda\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.63\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Napa\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.40\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>San Francisco International Airport\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.83\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Redwood City\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.69\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Fairfield/Travis AFB\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.36\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Sacramento\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.29\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>San Jose\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.03\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The copious rainfall in the foothills prompted the National Weather Service in Sacramento to issued flash flood watches for areas burned by the Rim and American fires (2013), the King Fire (2014) and the Butte Fire (2015).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North of the Bay Area, the storm has also caused flooding in the Mendocino County city of Ukiah and has led to an advisory that flooding will occur in communities across the county. A flood watch was posted for the southern Mendocino County town of Hopland, where the Russian River is expected to rise dramatically by early Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's rain comes on top of totals that, for the northern half of the Bay Area, was a pretty wet weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Precipitation over the weekend, starting in the early hours of Friday morning through Monday morning, ranged from .30 of an inch at San Jose International Airport to 7.29 inches at Mount Tamalpais' Middle Peak recording station. The disparity was starkest on Sunday, when South Bay locations received little or no rain -- .01 inch at San Jose airport -- while Mount Tam saw 4.54 inches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main reasons for the difference: The stream of moisture feeding Sunday's daylong rain was focused more to the north of the Golden Gate, and the Peninsula Hills and Santa Cruz mountains wrung out the rainclouds blowing in off the Pacific before they could make it to the Santa Clara Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's storm is expected to move south and east by Tuesday afternoon. Wednesday could see a break in the rain before a less potent but much colder storm arrives on Christmas Eve. If you're planning to be caroling or lighting luminaria, the early forecast suggests that rain may end by early evening. Dry weather is forecast for Christmas Day and at least the first part of the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 8:55 a.m. Tuesday:\u003c/strong> The storm's heaviest rain has moved south of the central Bay Area, into the Santa Cruz Mountains, the highlands along the Big Sur coast and well beyond. As forecast, the weather system brought gusty winds into the Bay Area overnight, with many locations recording gusts of 40 mph and above. The highest gust \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?wfo=mtr&pil=PNS&sid=MTR&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">reported by the National Weather Service\u003c/a> on Tuesday morning: 71 mph at the Big Rock recording station, a ridgetop location above Marin County's Lucas Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other notable gusts: 62 mph on Atlas Peak, northeast of Napa; 55 mph at Las Trampas Ridge, west of the San Ramon Valley; 51 mph at San Francisco International Airport; 51 mph at the Benicia Bridge; 50 mph at Altamont Pass, east of Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our next storm, bringing colder temperatures and lighter rain, is expected to arrive late Wednesday in northern Sonoma County and continue through most of Christmas Eve. Forecasters say about an inch of rain could fall in ridgetop and mountain locations, with a chance of Christmas morning snow on the region's highest peaks. Lowland rainfall totals are expected to be modest -- just one-tenth to one-third of an inch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe/post/4674\" target=\"_blank\">Tahoe Daily Snow reports\u003c/a> that ski resorts along the crest of the Sierra picked up as much as 59 inches of snow over the past four days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Wednesday-Thursday storm is expected to bring another dumping of snow to the Sierra, with as much as 18 inches expected near the highway passes and even more at higher elevations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That weather system is expected to be followed by an extended, chilly break between storms, with most of the region forecast not to see precipitation again until early in the new year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 4:45 p.m. Monday:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a strangely wet/damp/dry weekend in the Bay Area -- depending on where you were, you got a good soaking or saw hardly a drop of rain -- the Bay Area and much of the rest of Northern California is in for widespread rainfall marked by occasionally heavy downpours and high winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?wfo=mtr&pil=AFD&sid=MTR&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">National Weather Service Bay Area office in Monterey\u003c/a> says the storm system punching across the coast Monday afternoon will bring rainfall ranging from a half-inch to an inch in areas adjoining San Francisco Bay to 5 inches in the Santa Cruz Mountains, East Bay hills and higher elevations of Marin and Sonoma County. West to northwest winds \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?wfo=mtr&pil=NPW&sid=mtr&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">are forecast\u003c/a> to increase to 20 to 30 mph over the higher terrain of Marin and Sonoma counties and the East Bay, with gusts of 50 mph possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest storm, fed by a relatively dense plume of moisture being driven northeast across the Pacific from the subtropics west of the Hawaiian Islands, is dumping heavy rain over the Sierra foothills -- from 3 inches to 6 inches in some area -- and lots of snow higher up in the mountains. As much as 3 feet of heavy, wet snow could fall on Sierra peaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>Precipitation totals\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Selected rain totals for 48 hours ending 4 p.m. Monday, Dec. 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003ctable>\n\u003ctbody>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003cth>Location\u003c/th>\n\u003cth>Amount (in.)\u003c/th>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Mount Tamalpais (Middle Peak)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>7.20\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Venado (Sonoma County)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>4.04\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Ben Lomond (Santa Cruz Mts.)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>3.93\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Olema (West Marin)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>3.91\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Vollmer Peak (Berkeley Hills)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>2.73\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Oakland\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>2.14\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>St. Mary's College (Moraga)\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>2.10\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>San Francisco\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.94\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Santa Rosa\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.70\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>La Honda\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.63\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Napa\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>1.40\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>San Francisco International Airport\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.83\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Redwood City\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.69\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Fairfield/Travis AFB\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.36\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>Sacramento\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.29\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003ctr>\n\u003ctd>San Jose\u003c/td>\n\u003ctd>0.03\u003c/td>\n\u003c/tr>\n\u003c/tbody>\n\u003c/table>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The copious rainfall in the foothills prompted the National Weather Service in Sacramento to issued flash flood watches for areas burned by the Rim and American fires (2013), the King Fire (2014) and the Butte Fire (2015).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North of the Bay Area, the storm has also caused flooding in the Mendocino County city of Ukiah and has led to an advisory that flooding will occur in communities across the county. A flood watch was posted for the southern Mendocino County town of Hopland, where the Russian River is expected to rise dramatically by early Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's rain comes on top of totals that, for the northern half of the Bay Area, was a pretty wet weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Precipitation over the weekend, starting in the early hours of Friday morning through Monday morning, ranged from .30 of an inch at San Jose International Airport to 7.29 inches at Mount Tamalpais' Middle Peak recording station. The disparity was starkest on Sunday, when South Bay locations received little or no rain -- .01 inch at San Jose airport -- while Mount Tam saw 4.54 inches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main reasons for the difference: The stream of moisture feeding Sunday's daylong rain was focused more to the north of the Golden Gate, and the Peninsula Hills and Santa Cruz mountains wrung out the rainclouds blowing in off the Pacific before they could make it to the Santa Clara Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's storm is expected to move south and east by Tuesday afternoon. Wednesday could see a break in the rain before a less potent but much colder storm arrives on Christmas Eve. If you're planning to be caroling or lighting luminaria, the early forecast suggests that rain may end by early evening. Dry weather is forecast for Christmas Day and at least the first part of the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Tesoro Mistakenly Issued Test Alert During Martinez Refinery Problem",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Tesoro refinery in Martinez mistakenly issued a test alert to the surrounding community in the middle of a real emergency last Tuesday that caused flaring and sent a large plume of black smoke into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A major part of the refinery, which can process 166,000 barrels of crude oil a day, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/15/martinez-refinery-flare-prompts-health-advisory\" target=\"_blank\">malfunctioned and halted operations\u003c/a> at several of the facility's units. The problem eventually led to a real Level Two community warning, advising nearby residents with respiratory problems to stay indoors because of the smoke drifting from Tesoro's property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While no one was injured and no one reported becoming ill from the smoke, the company's delay in sending out the actual alert has led a top East Bay health official to call on Tesoro to better train its employees during emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They hit the wrong one, the one for test instead of the one for the actual condition. It's a training issue that needs to be addressed,\" Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa County's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer, said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift superintendent who issued the notification as a test was actually in training, according to Tesoro's preliminary report on the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That worker issued the test notification 12 minutes after the first unit went offline. Flaring and intense smoke spewed from the refinery for 15 minutes after that before the trainee issued a Level 1 Community Warning System alert. Four minutes later, the superintendent issued a Level 2 alert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are aware of the issue in this past week's initial notification and are addressing it internally,\" Patty Deutsche, a Tesoro spokeswoman, said in an emailed statement. \"We absolutely take community notifications seriously and provide complete training to designated personnel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesoro sent a \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/tesoro-incident-2015-1215-72-hour-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">72-hour report\u003c/a> about the incident to the county on Friday afternoon. It describes a chain of events that would eventually cause flaring that released at least 500 pounds of sulfur dioxide into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may not be known what else was in the plume until the company provides a more detailed investigative report next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was other stuff that was released and I don't think they know exactly all the gas that was released,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Tesoro's report, a loss of fuel gas caused a boiler unit to stop working. That put a fluid catalytic cracking unit, which helps produce gasoline, offline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My biggest thing that raised a flag ... is it looks like the initial cause of the incident was the loss of fuel gas,\" Sawyer said. \"It's something that normally should not happen, and if it does you could have another upset.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a boiler unit, gas is burned to heat water that produces high-pressure steam. That steam is sent throughout parts of the refinery to drive turbines that power fuel compressors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When they lost the steam, their compressors went down,\" Sawyer said. That allowed lots of pressure to build up inside several units, which caused the facility's safety guards to activate, leading to the flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The concern whenever you shut down a unit like this, there's always more opportunity for something unexpected to happen where you could have an uncontrolled release,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery's steam generation system was back online around two hours after the incident began, Deutsche said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management district launched an investigation into the incident on Tuesday afternoon, said district spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see a rundown of Contra Costa's hazardous materials incident notification policy \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/incident_notification_policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Tesoro refinery in Martinez mistakenly issued a test alert to the surrounding community in the middle of a real emergency last Tuesday that caused flaring and sent a large plume of black smoke into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A major part of the refinery, which can process 166,000 barrels of crude oil a day, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/12/15/martinez-refinery-flare-prompts-health-advisory\" target=\"_blank\">malfunctioned and halted operations\u003c/a> at several of the facility's units. The problem eventually led to a real Level Two community warning, advising nearby residents with respiratory problems to stay indoors because of the smoke drifting from Tesoro's property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While no one was injured and no one reported becoming ill from the smoke, the company's delay in sending out the actual alert has led a top East Bay health official to call on Tesoro to better train its employees during emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They hit the wrong one, the one for test instead of the one for the actual condition. It's a training issue that needs to be addressed,\" Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa County's chief environmental health and hazardous materials officer, said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shift superintendent who issued the notification as a test was actually in training, according to Tesoro's preliminary report on the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That worker issued the test notification 12 minutes after the first unit went offline. Flaring and intense smoke spewed from the refinery for 15 minutes after that before the trainee issued a Level 1 Community Warning System alert. Four minutes later, the superintendent issued a Level 2 alert.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are aware of the issue in this past week's initial notification and are addressing it internally,\" Patty Deutsche, a Tesoro spokeswoman, said in an emailed statement. \"We absolutely take community notifications seriously and provide complete training to designated personnel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesoro sent a \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/tesoro-incident-2015-1215-72-hour-report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">72-hour report\u003c/a> about the incident to the county on Friday afternoon. It describes a chain of events that would eventually cause flaring that released at least 500 pounds of sulfur dioxide into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may not be known what else was in the plume until the company provides a more detailed investigative report next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was other stuff that was released and I don't think they know exactly all the gas that was released,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Tesoro's report, a loss of fuel gas caused a boiler unit to stop working. That put a fluid catalytic cracking unit, which helps produce gasoline, offline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My biggest thing that raised a flag ... is it looks like the initial cause of the incident was the loss of fuel gas,\" Sawyer said. \"It's something that normally should not happen, and if it does you could have another upset.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a boiler unit, gas is burned to heat water that produces high-pressure steam. That steam is sent throughout parts of the refinery to drive turbines that power fuel compressors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When they lost the steam, their compressors went down,\" Sawyer said. That allowed lots of pressure to build up inside several units, which caused the facility's safety guards to activate, leading to the flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The concern whenever you shut down a unit like this, there's always more opportunity for something unexpected to happen where you could have an uncontrolled release,\" Sawyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery's steam generation system was back online around two hours after the incident began, Deutsche said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management district launched an investigation into the incident on Tuesday afternoon, said district spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can see a rundown of Contra Costa's hazardous materials incident notification policy \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/pdf/incident_notification_policy.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "A Collection of Our Favorite Sites for Weather Forecast Geek-Outs",
"title": "A Collection of Our Favorite Sites for Weather Forecast Geek-Outs",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://embed.windyty.com/?37.562,-122.124,7,rain,menu\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're like me, and I sincerely hope you're not, the job of obsessing about our winter weather involves occasional glances out the window coupled with marathon sessions geeking out over weather forecasts and staring at radar loops and puzzling over terminology like \u003ca href=\"http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/students/courselinks/fall12/atmo336/lectures/sec1/info500mb.html\" target=\"_blank\">500-millibar heights\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/the-animated-global-map-total-precipitable-water-so-freaking-cool-i-cant-even\" target=\"_blank\">total precipitable water\u003c/a>. While we wait to see how this whole El Niño winter pans out in California, here's a brief list of sites that prove consistently useful, interesting and fun. \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10800727\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10800727\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-400x213.png\" alt=\"Visualization from earth.nullschool.net of waves in the Pacific Ocean off California. (Click for larger image.)\" width=\"400\" height=\"213\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10800727\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-400x213.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-800x425.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-768x408.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-960x510.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-280x150.png 280w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26.png 1168w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visualization from \u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\">earth.nullschool.net\u003c/a> of waves in the Pacific Ocean off California. (Click for larger image.) \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\">Earth\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, starting with stuff that you can spend hours, maybe, just staring at and playing with: Cameron Beccario's \u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\">Earth\u003c/a>, a site that turns raw data from weather observations and models into \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/28/california-storm-the-coolest-view-you-will-see-today/\" target=\"_blank\">dynamic portraits\u003c/a> of current and upcoming weather. There is a lot to the visualizations here -- you need to open the controls under the label \"earth\" at the pages lower left to get an idea of the different slices of data and views available here. A newer site based on Beccario's open-source code and similar weather model input is \u003ca href=\"https://www.windytv.com\" target=\"_blank\">Windytv.com\u003c/a> -- embedded at the top of the post -- which is geared toward delivering observations and forecasts that people like pilots, kitesurfers and other adventurers can use.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787886\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787886\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage-400x345.png\" alt=\"A high surf advisory from the National Weather Service in Monterey. (Click for larger image.)\" width=\"400\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage-400x345.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage.png 652w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A high surf advisory from the National Weather Service in Monterey. (Click for larger image.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/\" target=\"_blank\">National Weather Service, San Francisco Bay Area/Monterey\u003c/a>: A one-stop shop for the basics -- everything from hourly \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/rainfall.php\" target=\"_blank\">rainfall reports\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://w2.weather.gov/climate/index.php?wfo=mtr\" target=\"_blank\">climatology\u003c/a> for the Bay Area locations to \u003ca href=\"http://radar.weather.gov/radar.php?rid=mux&product=N0R&overlay=11101111&loop=no\" target=\"_blank\">weather radar\u003c/a>. The site's indispensable feature -- one common to every local National Weather Service office -- is its \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">Area Forecast Discussion\u003c/a>. In essence, it's a forecaster's narrative of the reasoning behind the current outlook and includes details about timing of storms that are often obscure in the simple forecast. (For similar insights into the Sierra Nevada weather outlook -- especially how much snow to expect in the mountains and when -- check out the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDSTO&wfo=STO\" target=\"_blank\">NWS Sacramento forecast discussion\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787550\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787550\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map-400x474.png\" alt=\"Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) map from NOAA's California Nevada River Forecast Center. Map depicts weather models' forecast precipitation from Tuesday, Dec. 8 through early Monday, Dec. 14. (Click for larger version.)\" width=\"400\" height=\"474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map-400x474.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map.png 663w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) map from NOAA's California Nevada River Forecast Center. Map depicts weather models' forecast precipitation from Tuesday, Dec. 8 through early Monday, Dec. 14. (Click for larger version.) \u003ccite>(CNRFC/NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">California-Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>: This site contains an almost limitless reservoir of data on precipitation -- both what's forecast to fall and what's coming -- and on near-real-time river conditions for California, Nevada and southern Oregon. A couple of favorite features to navigate to on the CNRFC home page: The Forecast Precipitation (QPF) and Observed Precipitation (QPE) pages, both of which open from tabs on the page's right side. Those pages give a comprehensive picture of California precipitation for the past five days and coming six days. If you're into the text discussion thing, the CNRFC's daily \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/cnrfc/rsa_getprod.php?prod=RNOHMDRSA&wfo=cnrfc&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">Hydrometeorological Discussion\u003c/a> gives a quick rundown of storm impacts in major watersheds and a thorough forecast analysis based on numerical weather models.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/814prcp.new_.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/814prcp.new_-400x422.gif\" alt=\"The 8- to 14-day precipitation outlook from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center. \" width=\"400\" height=\"422\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 8- to 14-day precipitation outlook from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center. \u003ccite>(CPC/NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">NOAA's Climate Prediction Center\u003c/a>: A portal for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's precipitation and temperature outlooks for periods ranging from the next six to 10 days to three months. The CPC's maps give a quick overview of expected precipitation patterns and whether a given region is expected to get above or below median rainfall. For the details, and to understand exactly what's being forecast, it's necessary to read the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/predictions/610day/fxus06.html\" target=\"_blank\">prognostic discussion\u003c/a> that's published in concert with the shorter-term maps.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787889\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787889\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-400x110.png\" alt=\"The California Weather Blog, by Stanford climate scientist Daniel Swain. \" width=\"400\" height=\"110\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-400x110.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-800x220.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-960x264.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56.png 967w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Weather Blog, by Stanford climate scientist Daniel Swain.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\">California Weather Blog\u003c/a>: This is a site featuring technical model analysis by Daniel Swain, the Stanford doctoral candidate who \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/articles/watching-the-weather-with-daniel-swain/\" target=\"_blank\">coined\u003c/a> the term \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_24904396/california-drought-whats-causing-it\" target=\"_blank\">Ridiculously Resilient Ridge\u003c/a>\" to describe the persistent dome of high pressure that blocked most winter storms from reaching California each of the last two winters. Swain doesn't add to the blog often, but his posts draw wide attention and lots and lots of comments -- an online conversation that he participates in. Also worth following: Swain's \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Weather_West\" target=\"_blank\">Twitter feed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-10788275\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03-400x87.png\" alt=\"Tahoe Daily Snow\" width=\"300\" height=\"66\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03-400x87.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03.png 561w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe\" target=\"_blank\">OpenSnow.com/Tahoe Daily Snow\u003c/a>: A smart, well-written site with a simple, straightforward mission: detailed snow forecasts for the Sierra Nevada around Lake Tahoe (it turns out people like to partake in winter sports up there -- things like skiing and snowboarding and chaining up while they sit in I-80 and U.S. 50 traffic).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-10787939\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14-400x228.png\" alt=\"Golden Gate Weather Services\" width=\"400\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14-400x228.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14.png 755w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/links.html\" target=\"_blank\">Golden Gate Weather Services\u003c/a>: Jan Null, a consulting meteorologist and proprietor of Golden Gate Weather Services, has long been the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Jan-Null-is-the-hot-name-in-weather-4246555.php\" target=\"_blank\">go-to source\u003c/a> for journalists looking for insight into Bay Area weather. He's amassed \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/links.html\">a staggering volume\u003c/a> of information on his website, ranging from San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html\" target=\"_blank\">complete monthly rainfall record\u003c/a> going back to 1849 to an explainer on \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/enso/enso_myths.htm\" target=\"_blank\">the myths and realities of El Niño\u003c/a>. One caveat: While we've found lots of cool stuff here -- hey, look at \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/season.html\" target=\"_blank\">this tabular history of San Francisco rainfall\u003c/a>, sorted by season, total amount and days of rain! -- the site is actually a little hard to navigate.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://glossary.ametsoc.org\" target=\"_blank\">American Meteorology Society's Glossary of Meteorology\u003c/a>: I mentioned precipitable water somewhere up above. If you really want to know \u003ca href=\"http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Precipitable_water\" target=\"_blank\">what that is\u003c/a> -- or find the meanings of thousands of other meteorological terms, many of which include math stuff that's beyond me -- this is the place.\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://embed.windyty.com/?37.562,-122.124,7,rain,menu\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're like me, and I sincerely hope you're not, the job of obsessing about our winter weather involves occasional glances out the window coupled with marathon sessions geeking out over weather forecasts and staring at radar loops and puzzling over terminology like \u003ca href=\"http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/students/courselinks/fall12/atmo336/lectures/sec1/info500mb.html\" target=\"_blank\">500-millibar heights\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow-show/the-animated-global-map-total-precipitable-water-so-freaking-cool-i-cant-even\" target=\"_blank\">total precipitable water\u003c/a>. While we wait to see how this whole El Niño winter pans out in California, here's a brief list of sites that prove consistently useful, interesting and fun. \u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10800727\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-10800727\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-400x213.png\" alt=\"Visualization from earth.nullschool.net of waves in the Pacific Ocean off California. (Click for larger image.)\" width=\"400\" height=\"213\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10800727\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-400x213.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-800x425.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-768x408.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-960x510.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26-280x150.png 280w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-19-13.35.26.png 1168w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visualization from \u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\">earth.nullschool.net\u003c/a> of waves in the Pacific Ocean off California. (Click for larger image.) \u003ccite>(\u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\">Earth\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So, starting with stuff that you can spend hours, maybe, just staring at and playing with: Cameron Beccario's \u003ca href=\"http://earth.nullschool.net/\" target=\"_blank\">Earth\u003c/a>, a site that turns raw data from weather observations and models into \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/02/28/california-storm-the-coolest-view-you-will-see-today/\" target=\"_blank\">dynamic portraits\u003c/a> of current and upcoming weather. There is a lot to the visualizations here -- you need to open the controls under the label \"earth\" at the pages lower left to get an idea of the different slices of data and views available here. A newer site based on Beccario's open-source code and similar weather model input is \u003ca href=\"https://www.windytv.com\" target=\"_blank\">Windytv.com\u003c/a> -- embedded at the top of the post -- which is geared toward delivering observations and forecasts that people like pilots, kitesurfers and other adventurers can use.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787886\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787886\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage-400x345.png\" alt=\"A high surf advisory from the National Weather Service in Monterey. (Click for larger image.)\" width=\"400\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage-400x345.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/nwsmtrimage.png 652w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A high surf advisory from the National Weather Service in Monterey. (Click for larger image.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/\" target=\"_blank\">National Weather Service, San Francisco Bay Area/Monterey\u003c/a>: A one-stop shop for the basics -- everything from hourly \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/rainfall.php\" target=\"_blank\">rainfall reports\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://w2.weather.gov/climate/index.php?wfo=mtr\" target=\"_blank\">climatology\u003c/a> for the Bay Area locations to \u003ca href=\"http://radar.weather.gov/radar.php?rid=mux&product=N0R&overlay=11101111&loop=no\" target=\"_blank\">weather radar\u003c/a>. The site's indispensable feature -- one common to every local National Weather Service office -- is its \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDMTR&wfo=MTR\" target=\"_blank\">Area Forecast Discussion\u003c/a>. In essence, it's a forecaster's narrative of the reasoning behind the current outlook and includes details about timing of storms that are often obscure in the simple forecast. (For similar insights into the Sierra Nevada weather outlook -- especially how much snow to expect in the mountains and when -- check out the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/total_forecast/getprod.php?prod=XXXAFDSTO&wfo=STO\" target=\"_blank\">NWS Sacramento forecast discussion\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787550\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787550\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map-400x474.png\" alt=\"Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) map from NOAA's California Nevada River Forecast Center. Map depicts weather models' forecast precipitation from Tuesday, Dec. 8 through early Monday, Dec. 14. (Click for larger version.)\" width=\"400\" height=\"474\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map-400x474.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/map.png 663w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Quantitative Precipitation Forecast (QPF) map from NOAA's California Nevada River Forecast Center. Map depicts weather models' forecast precipitation from Tuesday, Dec. 8 through early Monday, Dec. 14. (Click for larger version.) \u003ccite>(CNRFC/NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnrfc.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">California-Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>: This site contains an almost limitless reservoir of data on precipitation -- both what's forecast to fall and what's coming -- and on near-real-time river conditions for California, Nevada and southern Oregon. A couple of favorite features to navigate to on the CNRFC home page: The Forecast Precipitation (QPF) and Observed Precipitation (QPE) pages, both of which open from tabs on the page's right side. Those pages give a comprehensive picture of California precipitation for the past five days and coming six days. If you're into the text discussion thing, the CNRFC's daily \u003ca href=\"http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/cnrfc/rsa_getprod.php?prod=RNOHMDRSA&wfo=cnrfc&version=0\" target=\"_blank\">Hydrometeorological Discussion\u003c/a> gives a quick rundown of storm impacts in major watersheds and a thorough forecast analysis based on numerical weather models.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/814prcp.new_.gif\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787672\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/814prcp.new_-400x422.gif\" alt=\"The 8- to 14-day precipitation outlook from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center. \" width=\"400\" height=\"422\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 8- to 14-day precipitation outlook from NOAA's Climate Prediction Center. \u003ccite>(CPC/NOAA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">NOAA's Climate Prediction Center\u003c/a>: A portal for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's precipitation and temperature outlooks for periods ranging from the next six to 10 days to three months. The CPC's maps give a quick overview of expected precipitation patterns and whether a given region is expected to get above or below median rainfall. For the details, and to understand exactly what's being forecast, it's necessary to read the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/predictions/610day/fxus06.html\" target=\"_blank\">prognostic discussion\u003c/a> that's published in concert with the shorter-term maps.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10787889\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10787889\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-400x110.png\" alt=\"The California Weather Blog, by Stanford climate scientist Daniel Swain. \" width=\"400\" height=\"110\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-400x110.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-800x220.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56-960x264.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.12.56.png 967w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Weather Blog, by Stanford climate scientist Daniel Swain.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.weatherwest.com/\" target=\"_blank\">California Weather Blog\u003c/a>: This is a site featuring technical model analysis by Daniel Swain, the Stanford doctoral candidate who \u003ca href=\"https://baynature.org/articles/watching-the-weather-with-daniel-swain/\" target=\"_blank\">coined\u003c/a> the term \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/science/ci_24904396/california-drought-whats-causing-it\" target=\"_blank\">Ridiculously Resilient Ridge\u003c/a>\" to describe the persistent dome of high pressure that blocked most winter storms from reaching California each of the last two winters. Swain doesn't add to the blog often, but his posts draw wide attention and lots and lots of comments -- an online conversation that he participates in. Also worth following: Swain's \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/Weather_West\" target=\"_blank\">Twitter feed\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-10788275\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03-400x87.png\" alt=\"Tahoe Daily Snow\" width=\"300\" height=\"66\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03-400x87.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-09-06.58.03.png 561w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://opensnow.com/dailysnow/tahoe\" target=\"_blank\">OpenSnow.com/Tahoe Daily Snow\u003c/a>: A smart, well-written site with a simple, straightforward mission: detailed snow forecasts for the Sierra Nevada around Lake Tahoe (it turns out people like to partake in winter sports up there -- things like skiing and snowboarding and chaining up while they sit in I-80 and U.S. 50 traffic).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14.png\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-10787939\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14-400x228.png\" alt=\"Golden Gate Weather Services\" width=\"400\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14-400x228.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/Screenshot-2015-12-08-23.18.14.png 755w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/links.html\" target=\"_blank\">Golden Gate Weather Services\u003c/a>: Jan Null, a consulting meteorologist and proprietor of Golden Gate Weather Services, has long been the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Jan-Null-is-the-hot-name-in-weather-4246555.php\" target=\"_blank\">go-to source\u003c/a> for journalists looking for insight into Bay Area weather. He's amassed \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/links.html\">a staggering volume\u003c/a> of information on his website, ranging from San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/monthly.html\" target=\"_blank\">complete monthly rainfall record\u003c/a> going back to 1849 to an explainer on \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/enso/enso_myths.htm\" target=\"_blank\">the myths and realities of El Niño\u003c/a>. One caveat: While we've found lots of cool stuff here -- hey, look at \u003ca href=\"http://ggweather.com/sf/season.html\" target=\"_blank\">this tabular history of San Francisco rainfall\u003c/a>, sorted by season, total amount and days of rain! -- the site is actually a little hard to navigate.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://glossary.ametsoc.org\" target=\"_blank\">American Meteorology Society's Glossary of Meteorology\u003c/a>: I mentioned precipitable water somewhere up above. If you really want to know \u003ca href=\"http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Precipitable_water\" target=\"_blank\">what that is\u003c/a> -- or find the meanings of thousands of other meteorological terms, many of which include math stuff that's beyond me -- this is the place.\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Deanna Lynn Wulff shoves rusty tin cans, cigarettes and beer bottles into an oversized garbage bag. She’s cleaning up a campsite in the Sierra National Forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This won’t take that long,” she says. Ten minutes later and she’s still picking up trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s see what the magazine is? Dirt Rider!” she says, and shoves it into the bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the same campsite where 20 years ago she pitched her tent for the entire summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197561″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s looking good,” she says. “Somebody can come here now and feel that it’s pristine and was waiting for them, just as it was waiting for me!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10797151\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10797151\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp.jpg\" alt=\"Deanna Lynn Wulff always brings trash bags to the Sierra National Forest so she can pick up litter. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"2469\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-400x514.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-800x1029.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-768x988.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-1440x1852.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-1180x1517.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-960x1235.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deanna Lynn Wulff always brings trash bags to the Sierra National Forest so she can pick up litter. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wulff was working at a nearby lodge and camped out here after a rental situation turned sour. She confesses that she initially was afraid of the dark. In fact, she kept a cooking pot and a bottle of bleach nearby in case of intruders. But nothing scary happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead, I would wake up every morning to this, which is the sound of the water, birds singing, and the sunlight filtering through the trees,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never felt better in all of my life. To be in a beautiful place all of the time is an amazing experience. I’m from the suburbs of Cupertino. It’s a fine place to be and all that, but it was definitely beyond my expectation that spending time in the forest would make you feel so good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the experience altered the course of her life dramatically. “If you recognize something that brings you total joy, how can you walk away from that?”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘You connect the parks, and you create this wonderful corridor for people and wildlife.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And she hasn’t. She’s spent many summers since in the woods. She’s trekked thousands of miles, and she’s seen a lot of the forest. There are areas of great beauty here, she says, including some huge granite outcroppings and pristine mountain lakes. But she’s also seen things that upset her: trash, poorly maintained trails and the logging of large trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she asked herself, “What can I do to save this place, to make sure it’s here for others?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her answer is a sometimes daunting project with plenty of resistance from opponents: to turn the Sierra National Forest — that vast stretch of land between Yosemite and Sequoia/Kings Canyon national parks — into the 1.4 million-acre Sierra National Monument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You connect the parks, and you create this wonderful corridor for people and wildlife,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10790881\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10790881 size-thumbnail\" title=\"Courtesy Daryl Jamgotchian\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Balloon Dome is part of the Sierra National Forest which sits between Yosemite and Sequoia/Kings Canyon national parks.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So for the past 2½ years, she’s canvassed legislative offices and area businesses to garner enthusiasm for her mission. She’s calling it \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/unitetheparks/\">Unite the Parks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An act of Congress can establish a monument, but typically what it takes is a presidential proclamation, often following a groundswell of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the entire state and the entire country are involved in these kinds of decisions,” Wulff says. “It’s just way better if you have the community support for it. My job is to get all of those pieces of the puzzle together, and then the president has to decide that this is an important thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monuments get more protection than national forests. “You can still do a lot of recreation in the monument,” Wulff says. “You can still mountain bike, do disperse camping, you can still hunt. But you make sure there’s a forest there to go spend time in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”08975zY7VEBBiHtdYcr34crY0JfMYUum”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A monument designation would mean no more commercial logging, although there would be some thinning of the forests using controlled burns. Wulff would also like to phase out grazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cows that are up here are in high alpine meadows, for the most part, and they shouldn’t be there. They’re not part of nature, you know,” Wulff says. “They’re bad for the watershed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100 area organizations and businesses support the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rick Garner, owner of Yosemite Bicycle and Sport in Oakhurst, says he’s in favor because the trail system in the forest is a mess. He says motorbikes have the run of mountain biking trails and are trashing the place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They come up to these trails, they destroy them and they pack up their motorcycles and drive away to wherever they came from,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three California legislators, all Democrats, are also on board: Zoe Lofgren, Mike Honda and Alan Lowenthal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s been plenty of opposition. Republican Rep. Tom McClintock’s district includes the Sierra National Forest, and he is dead set against it. He says he’s been getting phone calls from his constituents asking him to fight it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10797161\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10797161 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Long says he loves the forest too, but he’ll fight the monument’s creation tooth-and-nail.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1552\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-400x323.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-800x647.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-768x621.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-1440x1164.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-1180x954.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-960x776.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Long says he loves the forest, too, but he’ll fight the monument’s creation tooth and nail. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>McClintock would like to see a revival of the timber industry. “A national monument means more restrictions on public use,” he says. “We want to restore public access and sound forest management.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a group called Stop the Sierra National Monument. Its Facebook page has 3,000 members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Long, one of the group’s leaders, says people signed up on the Facebook page last spring when they heard that outdoors store REI had scheduled a presentation in Fresno by Wulff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REI canceled the event when it learned there were plans for a large protest by members of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/916364548384667/\">Stop the Sierra National Monument \u003c/a>group. “They canceled it when they heard we were coming,” Long says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long is an avid hunter, four-wheeler and backpacker. He owns a military surplus business called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/G-I-Jims-Military-Surplus-and-Survival-181593165192390/\">G.I. Jim’s\u003c/a>. He says the forest is his home, and he doesn’t want more restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t need a monument. A monument is a statue, OK. It’s not a forest,” says Long. “A forest is a properly managed resource.” One that he believes should have more local control, and provide more access to logging and mining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this happens, I mean these communities have already had their logging and mills shut down, everything else,” he says. “What I don’t want to see is limitations on our rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wulff sees it another way. She says a recreational wilderness is good for tourism, which helps the economy. Even some of the bumpy dirt roads we’re driving along in her Toyota Tacoma could be restored, she says, while keeping others open for wilderness access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are so many old logging roads that it’s easy to get lost. On this day, Wulff is trying to find the right road to get to a particular trailhead. “We’re going to find out very soon if it connects us with another road that takes us where we want to go,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s kind of like her Unite the Parks mission. She’s not sure how many roads she’ll have to take but, she says, even if it doesn’t happen with this president, she’s in it for the long haul.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Deanna Lynn Wulff shoves rusty tin cans, cigarettes and beer bottles into an oversized garbage bag. She’s cleaning up a campsite in the Sierra National Forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This won’t take that long,” she says. Ten minutes later and she’s still picking up trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s see what the magazine is? Dirt Rider!” she says, and shoves it into the bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the same campsite where 20 years ago she pitched her tent for the entire summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197561″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/238197561″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s looking good,” she says. “Somebody can come here now and feel that it’s pristine and was waiting for them, just as it was waiting for me!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10797151\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10797151\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp.jpg\" alt=\"Deanna Lynn Wulff always brings trash bags to the Sierra National Forest so she can pick up litter. \" width=\"1920\" height=\"2469\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-400x514.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-800x1029.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-768x988.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-1440x1852.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-1180x1517.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/WulffCleansUp-960x1235.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deanna Lynn Wulff always brings trash bags to the Sierra National Forest so she can pick up litter. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Wulff was working at a nearby lodge and camped out here after a rental situation turned sour. She confesses that she initially was afraid of the dark. In fact, she kept a cooking pot and a bottle of bleach nearby in case of intruders. But nothing scary happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead, I would wake up every morning to this, which is the sound of the water, birds singing, and the sunlight filtering through the trees,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never felt better in all of my life. To be in a beautiful place all of the time is an amazing experience. I’m from the suburbs of Cupertino. It’s a fine place to be and all that, but it was definitely beyond my expectation that spending time in the forest would make you feel so good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says the experience altered the course of her life dramatically. “If you recognize something that brings you total joy, how can you walk away from that?”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘You connect the parks, and you create this wonderful corridor for people and wildlife.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>And she hasn’t. She’s spent many summers since in the woods. She’s trekked thousands of miles, and she’s seen a lot of the forest. There are areas of great beauty here, she says, including some huge granite outcroppings and pristine mountain lakes. But she’s also seen things that upset her: trash, poorly maintained trails and the logging of large trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she asked herself, “What can I do to save this place, to make sure it’s here for others?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her answer is a sometimes daunting project with plenty of resistance from opponents: to turn the Sierra National Forest — that vast stretch of land between Yosemite and Sequoia/Kings Canyon national parks — into the 1.4 million-acre Sierra National Monument.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You connect the parks, and you create this wonderful corridor for people and wildlife,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10790881\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10790881 size-thumbnail\" title=\"Courtesy Daryl Jamgotchian\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/12208722_430725383788138_9125785783549493519_n1.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Balloon Dome is part of the Sierra National Forest which sits between Yosemite and Sequoia/Kings Canyon national parks.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So for the past 2½ years, she’s canvassed legislative offices and area businesses to garner enthusiasm for her mission. She’s calling it \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/unitetheparks/\">Unite the Parks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An act of Congress can establish a monument, but typically what it takes is a presidential proclamation, often following a groundswell of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the entire state and the entire country are involved in these kinds of decisions,” Wulff says. “It’s just way better if you have the community support for it. My job is to get all of those pieces of the puzzle together, and then the president has to decide that this is an important thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monuments get more protection than national forests. “You can still do a lot of recreation in the monument,” Wulff says. “You can still mountain bike, do disperse camping, you can still hunt. But you make sure there’s a forest there to go spend time in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A monument designation would mean no more commercial logging, although there would be some thinning of the forests using controlled burns. Wulff would also like to phase out grazing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The cows that are up here are in high alpine meadows, for the most part, and they shouldn’t be there. They’re not part of nature, you know,” Wulff says. “They’re bad for the watershed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 100 area organizations and businesses support the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rick Garner, owner of Yosemite Bicycle and Sport in Oakhurst, says he’s in favor because the trail system in the forest is a mess. He says motorbikes have the run of mountain biking trails and are trashing the place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They come up to these trails, they destroy them and they pack up their motorcycles and drive away to wherever they came from,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three California legislators, all Democrats, are also on board: Zoe Lofgren, Mike Honda and Alan Lowenthal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s been plenty of opposition. Republican Rep. Tom McClintock’s district includes the Sierra National Forest, and he is dead set against it. He says he’s been getting phone calls from his constituents asking him to fight it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10797161\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10797161 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Long says he loves the forest too, but he’ll fight the monument’s creation tooth-and-nail.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1552\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-400x323.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-800x647.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-768x621.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-1440x1164.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-1180x954.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/JimLong-960x776.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Long says he loves the forest, too, but he’ll fight the monument’s creation tooth and nail. \u003ccite>(Alice Daniel/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>McClintock would like to see a revival of the timber industry. “A national monument means more restrictions on public use,” he says. “We want to restore public access and sound forest management.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a group called Stop the Sierra National Monument. Its Facebook page has 3,000 members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Long, one of the group’s leaders, says people signed up on the Facebook page last spring when they heard that outdoors store REI had scheduled a presentation in Fresno by Wulff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>REI canceled the event when it learned there were plans for a large protest by members of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/916364548384667/\">Stop the Sierra National Monument \u003c/a>group. “They canceled it when they heard we were coming,” Long says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long is an avid hunter, four-wheeler and backpacker. He owns a military surplus business called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/G-I-Jims-Military-Surplus-and-Survival-181593165192390/\">G.I. Jim’s\u003c/a>. He says the forest is his home, and he doesn’t want more restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t need a monument. A monument is a statue, OK. It’s not a forest,” says Long. “A forest is a properly managed resource.” One that he believes should have more local control, and provide more access to logging and mining.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this happens, I mean these communities have already had their logging and mills shut down, everything else,” he says. “What I don’t want to see is limitations on our rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Wulff sees it another way. She says a recreational wilderness is good for tourism, which helps the economy. Even some of the bumpy dirt roads we’re driving along in her Toyota Tacoma could be restored, she says, while keeping others open for wilderness access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are so many old logging roads that it’s easy to get lost. On this day, Wulff is trying to find the right road to get to a particular trailhead. “We’re going to find out very soon if it connects us with another road that takes us where we want to go,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s kind of like her Unite the Parks mission. She’s not sure how many roads she’ll have to take but, she says, even if it doesn’t happen with this president, she’s in it for the long haul.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "CPUC Approves Fee Hike for Opting Out of PG&E Service",
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"content": "\u003cp>Your utility bill is about to go up if you choose to join an alternative energy provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators at the California Public Utilities Commission on Thursday approved an exit fee doubling what consumers pay when they opt out of PG&E service. The average residential Marin Clean Energy customer in the Bay Area now pays PG&E $6.70 a month to not use PG&E's power. Beginning on Jan. 1, the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment Exit Fee will go up to $13 for the average customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission approved the plan despite protests from customers who buy alternative energy under a program known as Community Choice. Richard Gray jumped from PG&E to the one of those programs, Marin Clean Energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This exit fee is an intentional barrier to clean energy. It’s an unjustified extortion by PG&E to cover bad bets that they made in energy costs,\" Gray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Public Utilities Commissioner Mike Florio said the fees reflect historical costs incurred to kick-start alternative energy when renewables were more expensive. He said it’s not fair to now load those costs onto customers who don’t have the option of switching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, several local municipalities are moving forward with alternate energy providers, known as Community Choice Aggregations, or CCAs. There are currently three aggregation programs in California: Marin Clean Energy, Sonoma Clean Energy and Lancaster Choice Energy in Los Angeles County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the El Cerrito City Council \u003ca href=\"http://www.contracostatimes.com/el-cerrito/ci_29194807/el-cerrito-opposes-pg-e-fee-alternative-provider\" target=\"_blank\">approved a plan\u003c/a> allowing residents to join Marin Clean Energy. San Mateo and San Francisco are also planning to develop CCAs.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Your utility bill is about to go up if you choose to join an alternative energy provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators at the California Public Utilities Commission on Thursday approved an exit fee doubling what consumers pay when they opt out of PG&E service. The average residential Marin Clean Energy customer in the Bay Area now pays PG&E $6.70 a month to not use PG&E's power. Beginning on Jan. 1, the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment Exit Fee will go up to $13 for the average customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission approved the plan despite protests from customers who buy alternative energy under a program known as Community Choice. Richard Gray jumped from PG&E to the one of those programs, Marin Clean Energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This exit fee is an intentional barrier to clean energy. It’s an unjustified extortion by PG&E to cover bad bets that they made in energy costs,\" Gray said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Public Utilities Commissioner Mike Florio said the fees reflect historical costs incurred to kick-start alternative energy when renewables were more expensive. He said it’s not fair to now load those costs onto customers who don’t have the option of switching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, several local municipalities are moving forward with alternate energy providers, known as Community Choice Aggregations, or CCAs. There are currently three aggregation programs in California: Marin Clean Energy, Sonoma Clean Energy and Lancaster Choice Energy in Los Angeles County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the El Cerrito City Council \u003ca href=\"http://www.contracostatimes.com/el-cerrito/ci_29194807/el-cerrito-opposes-pg-e-fee-alternative-provider\" target=\"_blank\">approved a plan\u003c/a> allowing residents to join Marin Clean Energy. San Mateo and San Francisco are also planning to develop CCAs.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "ivanpah-solar-project-faces-chance-of-default-on-pge-contract",
"title": "Ivanpah Solar Project Faces Risk of Default on PG&E Contracts",
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"content": "\u003cp>Energy production has picked up at the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/02/13/worlds-largest-solar-plant-opens/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System\u003c/a> in the Mojave Desert, but not enough to allow the plant’s owners — who include Google and Oakland-based BrightSource Energy — to avoid the risk of defaulting on their contracts to deliver electricity to Pacific Gas & Electric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Majority owner and plant manager NRG Energy said in its \u003ca href=\"http://investors.nrg.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=121544&p=IROL-secToc&TOC=aHR0cDovL2FwaS50ZW5rd2l6YXJkLmNvbS9vdXRsaW5lLnhtbD9yZXBvPXRlbmsmaXBhZ2U9MTA1NTc5Mzgmc3Vic2lkPTU3&ListAll=1&sXBRL=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most recent quarterly report\u003c/a> that it won’t be able to deliver the electricity promised in its power purchase agreements with PG&E. The agreements cover output from two of Ivanpah’s three units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contracts are confidential, but in its Nov. 4 filing NRG said it “expects that the units will not meet their guaranteed energy production amount for the initial performance measurement period,” which ends in January, two years after commercial operations began. NRG said that if that happens “PG&E may, at its option, declare an event of default,” and that it was “exploring options to mitigate this risk or its consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither PG&E nor NRG would answer questions about what a default might mean. A PG&E spokesman said its agreements to buy Ivanpah power “remain active.” An NRG representative said, “We have worked hard to help PG&E meet their renewable energy needs and look forward to continuing to support them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivanpah covers about 6 square miles of public land just off Interstate 15 — 5 miles from the Nevada state line and 40 miles south of Las Vegas. While solar panels use photovoltaics to produce electricity directly, at Ivanpah, tens of thousands of giant mirrors reflect light onto boilers atop 459-foot-tall towers, producing steam that is then used to spin turbines. It’s basically what happens at a coal plant – thermal generation – except the fuel is sunlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build the $2.2 billion plant, Ivanpah’s owners got a $1.6 billion loan guarantee through the Department of Energy, and last December they received $535 million from the U.S. Treasury in lieu of a 30 percent investment tax credit, a deal made available as part of the Obama administration’s 2009 economic stimulus package. That taxpayer largesse has made the project a target of \u003ca href=\"http://www.breitbart.com/california/2014/10/31/ivanpah-solar-plant-underproducing-badly-revised/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">conservative critics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically for a renewable energy plant, Ivanpah’s environmental impact has also been a source of controversy. It was built in an area that’s home to the threatened desert tortoise, and an estimated 3,504 birds were killed at the plant in its first year of operation (fewer than some had expected, it should be noted). The plant’s use of natural gas for auxiliary heat means it had to comply with California’s cap-and-trade program just like your average big polluter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10795794\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10795794\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig.jpg\" alt=\"A solar receiver and boiler on top of a tower is reflected in a heliostat with two mirrors at the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1245\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-400x259.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-800x519.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-768x498.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-1440x934.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-1180x765.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-960x623.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A solar receiver and boiler on top of a tower is reflected in a heliostat with two mirrors at the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System. \u003ccite>(Ethan Miller/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Ivanpah got off to a very slow start when it began pumping out power in January 2014. It was expected to produce nearly 1 million megawatt-hours annually — enough to meet the needs of 140,000 households, it was said — but first-year output was about 420,000 MWh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NRG and BrightSource, which developed the technology used at Ivanpah, said this was as expected, as engineers worked out the kinks on the first massive deployment of power-tower technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Production was up 71 percent in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same period in 2014, and NRG spokesman David Knox said Ivanpah “is continuing to progress on its four-year ramp-up and we are exceptionally pleased with the progress we have made in 2015.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with that improvement, Units 1 and 3 won’t meet the 70 percent threshold required for the first two years in the PG&E contracts, according to NRG’s filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One question unanswered is whether Ivanpah’s failure to deliver might give PG&E an opportunity to terminate the contract with NRG, or at least rewrite it. While the utility needs renewable energy to meet California’s ambitious \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/PUC/energy/Renewables/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">renewable portfolio standard\u003c/a>, the electricity it gets from Ivanpah is far more expensive than renewable energy becoming available today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to data from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, PG&E paid an average of $197.33 per megawatt-hour for electricity from Ivanpah Unit 1 in the June-September period this year, and $201.99 for Unit 3 electricity. In contrast, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory reported this year that falling project costs had driven down prices in new photovoltaic power purchase agreements to around $50 per MWh. (Photovoltaic plants have had no problem meeting their performance targets quickly. In 2014, its first full year of operation, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiavalleysolarranch.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a new 250-MW solar plant\u003c/a> in San Luis Obispo County — a 1,500-acre array of solar panels on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/prog/nlcs/Carrizo_Plain_NM.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carrizo Plain\u003c/a> — generated 688,000 MWh of electricity. That’s above the expected 662,000 MWh.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivanpah power is expensive in part because the contracts were made in 2009 and 2010. At the time, power from photovoltaics was nearly as costly, and many thought concentrating solar power systems, like Ivanpah, might be the best bet for large-scale energy generation from the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One potential advantage the power-tower systems have is they can be built with energy storage, allowing for more flexible generation. Ivanpah wasn’t built with storage, but a single-tower project near Tonopah, Nevada, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.solarreserve.com/en/global-projects/csp/crescent-dunes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crescent Dunes\u003c/a>, uses molten salts as a storage medium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That project, also backed by the federal governement, was developed and is owned by Santa Monica-based SolarReserve. The company has a contract to sell the output to NV Energy for $135/MWh and is promising 10 hours of energy storage, giving it the ability to deliver electricity through the evening and well into the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while SolarReserve recently said Crescent Dunes “has achieved full load electricity generation” and “is progressing into full commercial operations,” none of the other complex and costly power-tower projects proposed in the United States is on track to be built.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Energy production has picked up at the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2014/02/13/worlds-largest-solar-plant-opens/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System\u003c/a> in the Mojave Desert, but not enough to allow the plant’s owners — who include Google and Oakland-based BrightSource Energy — to avoid the risk of defaulting on their contracts to deliver electricity to Pacific Gas & Electric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Majority owner and plant manager NRG Energy said in its \u003ca href=\"http://investors.nrg.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=121544&p=IROL-secToc&TOC=aHR0cDovL2FwaS50ZW5rd2l6YXJkLmNvbS9vdXRsaW5lLnhtbD9yZXBvPXRlbmsmaXBhZ2U9MTA1NTc5Mzgmc3Vic2lkPTU3&ListAll=1&sXBRL=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">most recent quarterly report\u003c/a> that it won’t be able to deliver the electricity promised in its power purchase agreements with PG&E. The agreements cover output from two of Ivanpah’s three units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contracts are confidential, but in its Nov. 4 filing NRG said it “expects that the units will not meet their guaranteed energy production amount for the initial performance measurement period,” which ends in January, two years after commercial operations began. NRG said that if that happens “PG&E may, at its option, declare an event of default,” and that it was “exploring options to mitigate this risk or its consequences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither PG&E nor NRG would answer questions about what a default might mean. A PG&E spokesman said its agreements to buy Ivanpah power “remain active.” An NRG representative said, “We have worked hard to help PG&E meet their renewable energy needs and look forward to continuing to support them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivanpah covers about 6 square miles of public land just off Interstate 15 — 5 miles from the Nevada state line and 40 miles south of Las Vegas. While solar panels use photovoltaics to produce electricity directly, at Ivanpah, tens of thousands of giant mirrors reflect light onto boilers atop 459-foot-tall towers, producing steam that is then used to spin turbines. It’s basically what happens at a coal plant – thermal generation – except the fuel is sunlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To build the $2.2 billion plant, Ivanpah’s owners got a $1.6 billion loan guarantee through the Department of Energy, and last December they received $535 million from the U.S. Treasury in lieu of a 30 percent investment tax credit, a deal made available as part of the Obama administration’s 2009 economic stimulus package. That taxpayer largesse has made the project a target of \u003ca href=\"http://www.breitbart.com/california/2014/10/31/ivanpah-solar-plant-underproducing-badly-revised/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">conservative critics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically for a renewable energy plant, Ivanpah’s environmental impact has also been a source of controversy. It was built in an area that’s home to the threatened desert tortoise, and an estimated 3,504 birds were killed at the plant in its first year of operation (fewer than some had expected, it should be noted). The plant’s use of natural gas for auxiliary heat means it had to comply with California’s cap-and-trade program just like your average big polluter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10795794\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10795794\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig.jpg\" alt=\"A solar receiver and boiler on top of a tower is reflected in a heliostat with two mirrors at the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1245\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-400x259.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-800x519.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-768x498.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-1440x934.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-1180x765.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/IvanpahBig-960x623.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A solar receiver and boiler on top of a tower is reflected in a heliostat with two mirrors at the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System. \u003ccite>(Ethan Miller/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Ivanpah got off to a very slow start when it began pumping out power in January 2014. It was expected to produce nearly 1 million megawatt-hours annually — enough to meet the needs of 140,000 households, it was said — but first-year output was about 420,000 MWh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NRG and BrightSource, which developed the technology used at Ivanpah, said this was as expected, as engineers worked out the kinks on the first massive deployment of power-tower technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Production was up 71 percent in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same period in 2014, and NRG spokesman David Knox said Ivanpah “is continuing to progress on its four-year ramp-up and we are exceptionally pleased with the progress we have made in 2015.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with that improvement, Units 1 and 3 won’t meet the 70 percent threshold required for the first two years in the PG&E contracts, according to NRG’s filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One question unanswered is whether Ivanpah’s failure to deliver might give PG&E an opportunity to terminate the contract with NRG, or at least rewrite it. While the utility needs renewable energy to meet California’s ambitious \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/PUC/energy/Renewables/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">renewable portfolio standard\u003c/a>, the electricity it gets from Ivanpah is far more expensive than renewable energy becoming available today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to data from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, PG&E paid an average of $197.33 per megawatt-hour for electricity from Ivanpah Unit 1 in the June-September period this year, and $201.99 for Unit 3 electricity. In contrast, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory reported this year that falling project costs had driven down prices in new photovoltaic power purchase agreements to around $50 per MWh. (Photovoltaic plants have had no problem meeting their performance targets quickly. In 2014, its first full year of operation, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiavalleysolarranch.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a new 250-MW solar plant\u003c/a> in San Luis Obispo County — a 1,500-acre array of solar panels on the \u003ca href=\"http://www.blm.gov/ca/st/en/prog/nlcs/Carrizo_Plain_NM.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carrizo Plain\u003c/a> — generated 688,000 MWh of electricity. That’s above the expected 662,000 MWh.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ivanpah power is expensive in part because the contracts were made in 2009 and 2010. At the time, power from photovoltaics was nearly as costly, and many thought concentrating solar power systems, like Ivanpah, might be the best bet for large-scale energy generation from the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One potential advantage the power-tower systems have is they can be built with energy storage, allowing for more flexible generation. Ivanpah wasn’t built with storage, but a single-tower project near Tonopah, Nevada, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.solarreserve.com/en/global-projects/csp/crescent-dunes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Crescent Dunes\u003c/a>, uses molten salts as a storage medium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That project, also backed by the federal governement, was developed and is owned by Santa Monica-based SolarReserve. The company has a contract to sell the output to NV Energy for $135/MWh and is promising 10 hours of energy storage, giving it the ability to deliver electricity through the evening and well into the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while SolarReserve recently said Crescent Dunes “has achieved full load electricity generation” and “is progressing into full commercial operations,” none of the other complex and costly power-tower projects proposed in the United States is on track to be built.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"source": "NPR"
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
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"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
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"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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