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"content": "\u003cp>Phillips 66 wants to more than double the number of oil tankers that travel through San Francisco Bay to unload crude at its refinery in Rodeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, 59 ships a year are allowed to make crude oil and gas oil deliveries to the refinery's marine terminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips 66 wants to increase that limit to 135 and to raise the daily average of oil unloaded at the terminal from about 51,000 barrels to 130,000. The company says the extra tanker deliveries would replace crude oil currently delivered by pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips' preliminary proposal -- summarized in a presentation \u003ca href=\"#phillips66\">below\u003c/a> -- has angered environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It \"poses an incredible new risk of oil spills to San Francisco Bay,\" Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director for \u003ca href=\"https://baykeeper.org/blog/action-alert-help-protect-sf-bay-oil-spills\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Baykeeper\u003c/a>, said in an interview. \"We're really concerned about the increase in the number of tankers that the refinery is proposing to bring in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents of Vallejo have expressed alarm about the move, coming just 10 months after an oil spill at the marine terminal that is believed to have been the source of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/16/refinery-tanker-firm-cited-for-fumes-that-sickened-scores-in-vallejo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noxious fumes\u003c/a> that sickened dozens of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local air regulators are holding a \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/planning-and-research/ceqa/phillips-66-marine-terminal-scoping-meeting-notice-072717-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public meeting in Vallejo Thursday night\u003c/a> to address their concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have definitely heard from the community in Vallejo,\" Tom Flannigan, a Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokesman, said in an interview. \"Because Vallejo was impacted recently, there's just a lot of concern. That's why we decided to have a meeting there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vallejo city officials also expressed concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna Altman, assistant city manager, said while the city does not have an official position on the refinery's proposal, it's still waiting for answers about the September 2016 incident from Phillips 66.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given the delay in their response and leaving our residents without answers, it is likely that we would be very concerned about any expansion absent adequate testing equipment, an early warning system and other appropriate procedures in place,\" Altman said in an email, adding that the issue could be brought before the Vallejo City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month the regional air district issued notices of violation to Phillips 66 and to the operator of the oil tanker, the Yamuna Spirit, in connection with the spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both companies have disputed findings from the Coast Guard that blame the refinery and the ship for September's spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery's move toward an increase in shipping crude to its Rodeo facility and away from pipeline transfers comes after officials in San Luis Obispo County rejected the company's proposal to transport more oil by train to its refinery there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the Baykeeper's Choksi-Chugh, more oil by ship, pipeline and rail is not the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've got an urgent need to move towards more of a clean energy future, and these refineries keep putting proposal after proposal to increase and expand their refining capacity,\" Choksi-Chugh said. \"It's moving us in the wrong direction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she believes the added ships will be bringing heavy tar sands oil from Canada -- a material she and other environmentalists say poses an added level of danger to local waters. Past spills of tar sands crude, like one into \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/08/16/158025375/when-this-oil-spills-its-a-whole-new-monster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michigan's Kalamazoo River\u003c/a> in 2010, have proved extremely difficult to clean up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Adler, a Phillips 66 spokesman, confirmed in an email that the oil that would be brought by extra ships to the refinery would be different from the crude transported by pipeline from Central California. He declined to comment further on the proposal, adding that he would attend Thursday's air district public scoping meeting in Vallejo where residents could ask questions about the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meeting is one step in what's expected to be a long process before the company gets approval for more tankers. The public comment period for the project's scoping ends on Aug. 28. Air district officials plan to work on its environmental impact report over the next year, seeking input from the public and 40 government agencies. The district's board of directors would then vote on the issue.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"phillips66\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3901454-Phillips-66-Rodeo-Tanker-Proposal-Presentation\" notes=\"true\" text=\"true\" search=\"true\" sidebar=\"true\" pdf=\"true\" responsive=\"true\" page=\"1\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Phillips 66 wants to more than double the number of oil tankers that travel through San Francisco Bay to unload crude at its refinery in Rodeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, 59 ships a year are allowed to make crude oil and gas oil deliveries to the refinery's marine terminal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips 66 wants to increase that limit to 135 and to raise the daily average of oil unloaded at the terminal from about 51,000 barrels to 130,000. The company says the extra tanker deliveries would replace crude oil currently delivered by pipeline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips' preliminary proposal -- summarized in a presentation \u003ca href=\"#phillips66\">below\u003c/a> -- has angered environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It \"poses an incredible new risk of oil spills to San Francisco Bay,\" Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director for \u003ca href=\"https://baykeeper.org/blog/action-alert-help-protect-sf-bay-oil-spills\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Baykeeper\u003c/a>, said in an interview. \"We're really concerned about the increase in the number of tankers that the refinery is proposing to bring in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents of Vallejo have expressed alarm about the move, coming just 10 months after an oil spill at the marine terminal that is believed to have been the source of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/16/refinery-tanker-firm-cited-for-fumes-that-sickened-scores-in-vallejo/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">noxious fumes\u003c/a> that sickened dozens of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local air regulators are holding a \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/planning-and-research/ceqa/phillips-66-marine-terminal-scoping-meeting-notice-072717-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public meeting in Vallejo Thursday night\u003c/a> to address their concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have definitely heard from the community in Vallejo,\" Tom Flannigan, a Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokesman, said in an interview. \"Because Vallejo was impacted recently, there's just a lot of concern. That's why we decided to have a meeting there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vallejo city officials also expressed concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joanna Altman, assistant city manager, said while the city does not have an official position on the refinery's proposal, it's still waiting for answers about the September 2016 incident from Phillips 66.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given the delay in their response and leaving our residents without answers, it is likely that we would be very concerned about any expansion absent adequate testing equipment, an early warning system and other appropriate procedures in place,\" Altman said in an email, adding that the issue could be brought before the Vallejo City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month the regional air district issued notices of violation to Phillips 66 and to the operator of the oil tanker, the Yamuna Spirit, in connection with the spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both companies have disputed findings from the Coast Guard that blame the refinery and the ship for September's spill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery's move toward an increase in shipping crude to its Rodeo facility and away from pipeline transfers comes after officials in San Luis Obispo County rejected the company's proposal to transport more oil by train to its refinery there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the Baykeeper's Choksi-Chugh, more oil by ship, pipeline and rail is not the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've got an urgent need to move towards more of a clean energy future, and these refineries keep putting proposal after proposal to increase and expand their refining capacity,\" Choksi-Chugh said. \"It's moving us in the wrong direction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she believes the added ships will be bringing heavy tar sands oil from Canada -- a material she and other environmentalists say poses an added level of danger to local waters. Past spills of tar sands crude, like one into \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2012/08/16/158025375/when-this-oil-spills-its-a-whole-new-monster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Michigan's Kalamazoo River\u003c/a> in 2010, have proved extremely difficult to clean up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Adler, a Phillips 66 spokesman, confirmed in an email that the oil that would be brought by extra ships to the refinery would be different from the crude transported by pipeline from Central California. He declined to comment further on the proposal, adding that he would attend Thursday's air district public scoping meeting in Vallejo where residents could ask questions about the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That meeting is one step in what's expected to be a long process before the company gets approval for more tankers. The public comment period for the project's scoping ends on Aug. 28. Air district officials plan to work on its environmental impact report over the next year, seeking input from the public and 40 government agencies. The district's board of directors would then vote on the issue.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca id=\"phillips66\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Valley Fever Cases Highest On Record",
"title": "California Valley Fever Cases Highest On Record",
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"content": "\u003cp>The number of Valley Fever cases in California \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/CocciEpiSummary2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rose to a record level\u003c/a> in 2016, with 5,372 reported — a jump of 71 percent from the previous year. Historically, about three-quarters of cases have been in the state’s heavily agricultural San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fungal infection, known as coccidioidomycosis, or “cocci,” is most common in the southern portion of the Valley and along the Central Coast of California. State health officials say they’re not sure what caused the recent increase, the largest since 2011, but “climatic and environmental factors” could have increased the risk of exposure to the airborne spores that cause the disease, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climatologists and other researchers have theorized that intensified \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017GL073524/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dust storms\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/valley-fever-on-the-rise-in-us-southwest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heat waves\u003c/a> linked to global warming can fuel Valley Fever infection. Human activities that stir dust into the air, such as farming and construction, also contribute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An influx of new people in areas where the fungus is most prevalent, along with better reporting of the disease, also may have contributed to the increase, according to the public health department, which has tracked Valley Fever since 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-1h7jK\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/1h7jK/2/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/coccidioidomycosis/statistics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 11,000 cases\u003c/a> of Valley Fever were reported in 2015, the latest year for which data are available, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That was up from 8,232 cases the previous year. Arizona and California account for the vast majority of cases. In 2015, Arizona had 7,622 cases, the most of any state. California had the second-highest number, with 3,053. Nevada, Utah and New Mexico, among other states, had smaller numbers of Valley Fever cases in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deaths from Valley Fever averaged 200 a year from 1990 to 2008, according to the CDC. And since 1997, the number of deaths has changed very little from year to year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health does not regularly track Valley Fever. But it said a review of death certificates found that 1,098 people in the state died of the disease from 2000 to 2013. The state’s overall incidence rate of Valley Fever in 2016, 13.7 per 100,000 people, was up sharply from the 2015 rate of 8 per 100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re horrified but not surprised when the cases increase,” said Sandra Larson, former executive director of the Valley Fever Americas Foundation, who lives just outside Bakersfield, in the San Joaquin Valley. “We’re known as endemic for Valley Fever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People contract the illness by breathing in tiny spores stirred up from dusty soil. The illness echoes the flu in its symptoms, which can include cough, severe fatigue, fever, headaches and rashes. In many cases, people recover on their own. But the infection can also spread beyond the lungs into other parts of the body, including joints, reproductive organs and teeth. In rare cases it can lead to hospitalization, and even death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kern County, an agricultural area that encompasses Bakersfield and stretches into the Mojave Desert, had the highest number of cases in 2016, with about 40 percent of the statewide total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-WvZvn\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WvZvn/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Royce Johnson, chief of infectious diseases at Kern Medical Center, said people have long tried to understand what causes spikes in Valley Fever, but with little success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many variables — temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind — you have to have a pretty fancy computer model to try to study this,” said Johnson, who has been treating Valley Fever since 1975.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the number of California cases last year were the highest on record, Johnson said, he doubts it was the worst year for “cocci” in history. The infection also surged in the early 1990s, before the state starting following it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Johnson said 2016 “was a very big year” for Valley Fever in his practice, and many patients came in with the typical symptoms. The disease can be “devastating,” leaving some people disabled or unemployable, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Valley Fever causes severe knee swelling, for example, “you’re not going to build houses or pick grapes or be an auto mechanic,” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juan Perez, 55, who lives in San Diego County, said he’s been unable to work since coming down with the illness, which prompted him to sell his house and sign up for disability payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez believes he contracted Valley Fever in 2014 while working as a power and utilities inspector in the Bakersfield area. His co-workers were digging up pipes that had been buried for 50 or 60 years, and dust was flying everywhere, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, pneumonia-like symptoms set in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I started feeling exhausted, started having a hard time breathing. I couldn’t sleep at night,” Perez remembers. “My appetite was just not what it used to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez eventually was hospitalized, and he underwent surgery to remove a mass under his lungs. Now, he says he has chronic fatigue and pain, and he takes medication to keep the fungus at bay. But there is no cure. Even going to the grocery store wears him out, Perez says. “I basically have to hold onto the cart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Valley Fever can be very serious, people are far more likely to be injured in a car wreck than to contract a severe case of the disease, said Larson, the former director of the Valley Fever America Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is trying to build more awareness about the disease. Public understanding of it is still limited, but it has increased significantly in recent years, Larson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty years ago, no one knew about Valley Fever, but now “there’s a national recognition of it that we never had before,” Larson said. That’s due in part to celebrities such as Los Angeles Dodgers baseball player Brandon Morrow, who has \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/sports/dodgers/la-sp-dodgers-brandon-morrow-20170703-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">spoken openly\u003c/a> about his protracted battle with the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denise Smith, director of disease control for Kern County’s Public Health Department, said the county has also embarked on a number of public awareness initiatives. It has educated local doctors about it, and recently launched a billboard campaign to inform residents about how to recognize and prevent the illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people get in treatment early, they have better outcomes,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The number of Valley Fever cases in California \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/CDPH%20Document%20Library/CocciEpiSummary2016.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rose to a record level\u003c/a> in 2016, with 5,372 reported — a jump of 71 percent from the previous year. Historically, about three-quarters of cases have been in the state’s heavily agricultural San Joaquin Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fungal infection, known as coccidioidomycosis, or “cocci,” is most common in the southern portion of the Valley and along the Central Coast of California. State health officials say they’re not sure what caused the recent increase, the largest since 2011, but “climatic and environmental factors” could have increased the risk of exposure to the airborne spores that cause the disease, according to the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climatologists and other researchers have theorized that intensified \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017GL073524/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dust storms\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/valley-fever-on-the-rise-in-us-southwest/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">heat waves\u003c/a> linked to global warming can fuel Valley Fever infection. Human activities that stir dust into the air, such as farming and construction, also contribute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An influx of new people in areas where the fungus is most prevalent, along with better reporting of the disease, also may have contributed to the increase, according to the public health department, which has tracked Valley Fever since 1995.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-1h7jK\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/1h7jK/2/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/coccidioidomycosis/statistics.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 11,000 cases\u003c/a> of Valley Fever were reported in 2015, the latest year for which data are available, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. That was up from 8,232 cases the previous year. Arizona and California account for the vast majority of cases. In 2015, Arizona had 7,622 cases, the most of any state. California had the second-highest number, with 3,053. Nevada, Utah and New Mexico, among other states, had smaller numbers of Valley Fever cases in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deaths from Valley Fever averaged 200 a year from 1990 to 2008, according to the CDC. And since 1997, the number of deaths has changed very little from year to year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health does not regularly track Valley Fever. But it said a review of death certificates found that 1,098 people in the state died of the disease from 2000 to 2013. The state’s overall incidence rate of Valley Fever in 2016, 13.7 per 100,000 people, was up sharply from the 2015 rate of 8 per 100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re horrified but not surprised when the cases increase,” said Sandra Larson, former executive director of the Valley Fever Americas Foundation, who lives just outside Bakersfield, in the San Joaquin Valley. “We’re known as endemic for Valley Fever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People contract the illness by breathing in tiny spores stirred up from dusty soil. The illness echoes the flu in its symptoms, which can include cough, severe fatigue, fever, headaches and rashes. In many cases, people recover on their own. But the infection can also spread beyond the lungs into other parts of the body, including joints, reproductive organs and teeth. In rare cases it can lead to hospitalization, and even death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kern County, an agricultural area that encompasses Bakersfield and stretches into the Mojave Desert, had the highest number of cases in 2016, with about 40 percent of the statewide total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe id=\"datawrapper-chart-WvZvn\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/WvZvn/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Royce Johnson, chief of infectious diseases at Kern Medical Center, said people have long tried to understand what causes spikes in Valley Fever, but with little success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are so many variables — temperature, rainfall, humidity, wind — you have to have a pretty fancy computer model to try to study this,” said Johnson, who has been treating Valley Fever since 1975.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the number of California cases last year were the highest on record, Johnson said, he doubts it was the worst year for “cocci” in history. The infection also surged in the early 1990s, before the state starting following it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Johnson said 2016 “was a very big year” for Valley Fever in his practice, and many patients came in with the typical symptoms. The disease can be “devastating,” leaving some people disabled or unemployable, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Valley Fever causes severe knee swelling, for example, “you’re not going to build houses or pick grapes or be an auto mechanic,” Johnson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juan Perez, 55, who lives in San Diego County, said he’s been unable to work since coming down with the illness, which prompted him to sell his house and sign up for disability payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez believes he contracted Valley Fever in 2014 while working as a power and utilities inspector in the Bakersfield area. His co-workers were digging up pipes that had been buried for 50 or 60 years, and dust was flying everywhere, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon after, pneumonia-like symptoms set in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I started feeling exhausted, started having a hard time breathing. I couldn’t sleep at night,” Perez remembers. “My appetite was just not what it used to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perez eventually was hospitalized, and he underwent surgery to remove a mass under his lungs. Now, he says he has chronic fatigue and pain, and he takes medication to keep the fungus at bay. But there is no cure. Even going to the grocery store wears him out, Perez says. “I basically have to hold onto the cart.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Valley Fever can be very serious, people are far more likely to be injured in a car wreck than to contract a severe case of the disease, said Larson, the former director of the Valley Fever America Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization is trying to build more awareness about the disease. Public understanding of it is still limited, but it has increased significantly in recent years, Larson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty years ago, no one knew about Valley Fever, but now “there’s a national recognition of it that we never had before,” Larson said. That’s due in part to celebrities such as Los Angeles Dodgers baseball player Brandon Morrow, who has \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/sports/dodgers/la-sp-dodgers-brandon-morrow-20170703-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">spoken openly\u003c/a> about his protracted battle with the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denise Smith, director of disease control for Kern County’s Public Health Department, said the county has also embarked on a number of public awareness initiatives. It has educated local doctors about it, and recently launched a billboard campaign to inform residents about how to recognize and prevent the illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When people get in treatment early, they have better outcomes,” Smith said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A key tool to help California reach ambitious greenhouse gas reduction goals will continue for decades to come, as Gov. Jerry Brown signed an extension of the state’s cap-and-trade program on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown was joined by legislative leaders and his predecessor, Arnold Schwarzenegger, to sign Assembly Bill 398 on Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay. The legislation \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/10/heres-whats-in-the-deal-to-extend-californias-cap-and-trade-system/\">extends the system\u003c/a> through which the state limits greenhouse gases from companies by creating a marketplace for emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are a nation-state in a globalizing world and we’re having an impact,\" Brown said. \"You’re here witnessing one of the key milestones in turning around this carbonized world into a decarbonized sustainable future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"XTlHgU2eAHtvwFWkycFbodAERAQXCgny\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a decade ago, Schwarzenegger stood in the same spot to sign Assembly Bill 32. That bill both set emission reduction goals for California and authorized the creation of the cap-and-trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the Republican governor predicted that the law would \"begin a whole new era of environmental protection in California that will change the course of history,\" and that the federal government would follow the state's lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPDjZm2v5sg?ecver=1&w=560&h=315]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a decade later, Schwarzenegger acknowledged that California's emission reduction goals and cap-and-trade program stand as progressive outposts, rather than bellwethers, for federal climate policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The states and the cities in America, the private sector, the academic sector, the scientists, everyone is still in the Paris agreement, There is only one man that dropped out,\" he said, referring to President Trump. \"But America did not drop out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Brown and Schwarzenegger made note of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/17/california-lawmakers-approve-plan-to-extend-cap-and-trade-system/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bipartisan nature\u003c/a> of the extension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Schwarzenegger/status/889949509655994368\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight Republicans legislators voted for AB 398, a move that has caused \u003ca href=\"http://www.pe.com/2017/07/20/melissa-melendez-resigns-leadership-post-calls-out-chad-mayes/\">turmoil within the caucus\u003c/a> and state party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger said that California's economic growth should silence conservative critics who contend that the cap-and-trade program will hurt businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don’t those conservative Republicans get the message?\" he asked. \"Stop lying to the people! Stop it!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown openly embraced the business community in his address, noting the many business lobbyists and representatives in attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people say, ‘Oh my god, we don’t like those people,' \" he said. \"Well let’s face it, this is California. Our industry, our wealth, our whole well-being is the product of all these individuals and companies and organizations and cultural organizations and nonprofits, the whole thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal to extend the program was a carefully balanced effort that also included provisions to address local air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has not yet signed that separate bill, Assembly Bill 617, which increases monitoring and penalties on local polluters.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A key tool to help California reach ambitious greenhouse gas reduction goals will continue for decades to come, as Gov. Jerry Brown signed an extension of the state’s cap-and-trade program on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown was joined by legislative leaders and his predecessor, Arnold Schwarzenegger, to sign Assembly Bill 398 on Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay. The legislation \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/10/heres-whats-in-the-deal-to-extend-californias-cap-and-trade-system/\">extends the system\u003c/a> through which the state limits greenhouse gases from companies by creating a marketplace for emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are a nation-state in a globalizing world and we’re having an impact,\" Brown said. \"You’re here witnessing one of the key milestones in turning around this carbonized world into a decarbonized sustainable future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a decade ago, Schwarzenegger stood in the same spot to sign Assembly Bill 32. That bill both set emission reduction goals for California and authorized the creation of the cap-and-trade program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the Republican governor predicted that the law would \"begin a whole new era of environmental protection in California that will change the course of history,\" and that the federal government would follow the state's lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/aPDjZm2v5sg?ecver=1'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/aPDjZm2v5sg?ecver=1'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than a decade later, Schwarzenegger acknowledged that California's emission reduction goals and cap-and-trade program stand as progressive outposts, rather than bellwethers, for federal climate policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The states and the cities in America, the private sector, the academic sector, the scientists, everyone is still in the Paris agreement, There is only one man that dropped out,\" he said, referring to President Trump. \"But America did not drop out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Brown and Schwarzenegger made note of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/07/17/california-lawmakers-approve-plan-to-extend-cap-and-trade-system/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bipartisan nature\u003c/a> of the extension.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Eight Republicans legislators voted for AB 398, a move that has caused \u003ca href=\"http://www.pe.com/2017/07/20/melissa-melendez-resigns-leadership-post-calls-out-chad-mayes/\">turmoil within the caucus\u003c/a> and state party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwarzenegger said that California's economic growth should silence conservative critics who contend that the cap-and-trade program will hurt businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don’t those conservative Republicans get the message?\" he asked. \"Stop lying to the people! Stop it!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown openly embraced the business community in his address, noting the many business lobbyists and representatives in attendance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people say, ‘Oh my god, we don’t like those people,' \" he said. \"Well let’s face it, this is California. Our industry, our wealth, our whole well-being is the product of all these individuals and companies and organizations and cultural organizations and nonprofits, the whole thing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The deal to extend the program was a carefully balanced effort that also included provisions to address local air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown has not yet signed that separate bill, Assembly Bill 617, which increases monitoring and penalties on local polluters.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "new-quake-maps-could-shake-up-development-plans-in-santa-monica",
"title": "New Quake Maps Could Shake Up Development Plans in Santa Monica",
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"headTitle": "New Quake Maps Could Shake Up Development Plans in Santa Monica | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The 1971 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fiabD0WBl7w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Fernando (Sylmar) earthquake\u003c/a> killed 64 people, buckled roadways and leveled scores of buildings. Soon after, California \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/rghm/ap/Pages/main.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">passed a law\u003c/a> that requires updated mapping of major earthquake fault zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But due to a lack of funding, the effort ground to a halt not long after it began and resumed only about four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/shzp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Geological Survey’s\u003c/a> newly released \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/rghm/ap/Pages/PreliminaryMaps.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mapping of the Santa Monica Fault\u003c/a> could, if approved after a 90-day public comment period, prohibit new construction on top of active sections of the fault and require extensive geological review for proposed development within 500 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Santa Monica and Hollywood faults historically have been fairly quiet since the area’s been settled, as far as we know,” says California Geological Survey senior engineer Timothy Dawson. “The major concern is that these faults cover some of the most densely populated areas in the L.A. basin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Monica Fault helped shape a roughly 30-mile stretch from Pasadena to the Pacific. It’s why properties along sections of Santa Monica Boulevard in West L.A. — like the immense \u003ca href=\"https://www.lds.org/church/temples/los-angeles-california?lang=eng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\u003c/a> — sit a little higher than those on the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11593578\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11593578\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-800x507.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Monica Fault cleaves a path along portions of Santa Monica Boulevard creating steep slopes like the one that’s home to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.\" width=\"800\" height=\"507\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-800x507.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-1020x646.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-1180x747.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-960x608.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-240x152.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-375x238.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-520x329.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Monica Fault cleaves a path along portions of Santa Monica Boulevard, creating steep slopes like the one that’s home to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. \u003ccite>(Ken Lund/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What the fault has done mostly is create these things called fault scarps. The Mormon temple is actually on top of one of these fault scarps related to the Santa Monica Fault,” says Dawson. “Some geologists have referred to (it) as the most beautifully manicured fault scarp in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new fault map drafts confirm what officials in Santa Monica have known for some time and have been preparing for. Earlier this year, the city approved what’s widely seen as the most sweeping \u003ca href=\"https://www.smgov.net/Departments/PCD/Programs/Seismic-Retrofit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">seismic retrofit program\u003c/a> in California. The state mapping could give even more muscle to the effort by imposing an additional layer of guidelines for new construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The draft map that CGS has released really affects new developments, redevelopment and reconstruction,” says Santa Monica city planner Jing Yeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What this (state) mapping is intended to do is really highlight potential surface rupture. And that is a different consideration then the seismic retrofit program that the city is in the process of implementing,” says Yeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Monica’s program targets thousands of existing structures and is based more on building type vs. proximity to a fault. The effort’s been largely well received as a long overdue fix of vulnerable buildings in Santa Monica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has created a \u003ca href=\"http://smgov.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=05191306d93d4c04827773b8d2151cd7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">searchable map\u003c/a> of seismically vulnerable buildings:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11593596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://smgov.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=05191306d93d4c04827773b8d2151cd7\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11593596\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"The City of Santa Monica has created a list and searchable map of seismically vulnerable buildings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-960x649.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-240x162.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Monica has created a list and searchable map of seismically vulnerable buildings. \u003ccite>(City of Santa Monica)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What impact the state’s new seismic hazard mapping could ultimately have on the city’s seismic upgrade plan and on future development is still uncertain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’ll bring greater awareness of the risks. I think that’s good for any person that lives or works in Santa Monica,” says Martha Cox-Nitikman, senior director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.bomagla.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public policy for the Building Owners and Managers Association of Greater Los Angeles\u003c/a>. The association represents the interests of several large property owners in Santa Monica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city might want to go back sometime later and update some of the engineering standards,” says Cox-Nitikman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now I think building owners are just looking at the standards that are in the (city) ordinance that we are currently living with, and there are standards in embedded in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new California Geological Survey fault hazard maps and the law behind it can only do so much. Ultimately it depends on local leaders in the affected communities to decide how strictly they’ll enforce the building standards outlined by the state.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The 1971 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fiabD0WBl7w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Fernando (Sylmar) earthquake\u003c/a> killed 64 people, buckled roadways and leveled scores of buildings. Soon after, California \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/rghm/ap/Pages/main.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">passed a law\u003c/a> that requires updated mapping of major earthquake fault zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But due to a lack of funding, the effort ground to a halt not long after it began and resumed only about four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/shzp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Geological Survey’s\u003c/a> newly released \u003ca href=\"http://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/rghm/ap/Pages/PreliminaryMaps.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mapping of the Santa Monica Fault\u003c/a> could, if approved after a 90-day public comment period, prohibit new construction on top of active sections of the fault and require extensive geological review for proposed development within 500 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Santa Monica and Hollywood faults historically have been fairly quiet since the area’s been settled, as far as we know,” says California Geological Survey senior engineer Timothy Dawson. “The major concern is that these faults cover some of the most densely populated areas in the L.A. basin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Monica Fault helped shape a roughly 30-mile stretch from Pasadena to the Pacific. It’s why properties along sections of Santa Monica Boulevard in West L.A. — like the immense \u003ca href=\"https://www.lds.org/church/temples/los-angeles-california?lang=eng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\u003c/a> — sit a little higher than those on the other side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11593578\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11593578\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-800x507.jpg\" alt=\"The Santa Monica Fault cleaves a path along portions of Santa Monica Boulevard creating steep slopes like the one that’s home to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.\" width=\"800\" height=\"507\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-800x507.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-1020x646.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-1180x747.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-960x608.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-240x152.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-375x238.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JCLSHill-520x329.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Santa Monica Fault cleaves a path along portions of Santa Monica Boulevard, creating steep slopes like the one that’s home to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. \u003ccite>(Ken Lund/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“What the fault has done mostly is create these things called fault scarps. The Mormon temple is actually on top of one of these fault scarps related to the Santa Monica Fault,” says Dawson. “Some geologists have referred to (it) as the most beautifully manicured fault scarp in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new fault map drafts confirm what officials in Santa Monica have known for some time and have been preparing for. Earlier this year, the city approved what’s widely seen as the most sweeping \u003ca href=\"https://www.smgov.net/Departments/PCD/Programs/Seismic-Retrofit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">seismic retrofit program\u003c/a> in California. The state mapping could give even more muscle to the effort by imposing an additional layer of guidelines for new construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The draft map that CGS has released really affects new developments, redevelopment and reconstruction,” says Santa Monica city planner Jing Yeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What this (state) mapping is intended to do is really highlight potential surface rupture. And that is a different consideration then the seismic retrofit program that the city is in the process of implementing,” says Yeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Monica’s program targets thousands of existing structures and is based more on building type vs. proximity to a fault. The effort’s been largely well received as a long overdue fix of vulnerable buildings in Santa Monica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has created a \u003ca href=\"http://smgov.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=05191306d93d4c04827773b8d2151cd7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">searchable map\u003c/a> of seismically vulnerable buildings:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11593596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://smgov.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=05191306d93d4c04827773b8d2151cd7\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11593596\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"The City of Santa Monica has created a list and searchable map of seismically vulnerable buildings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-1180x798.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-960x649.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-240x162.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-375x254.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/SantaMonicaMapCap-520x352.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Santa Monica has created a list and searchable map of seismically vulnerable buildings. \u003ccite>(City of Santa Monica)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What impact the state’s new seismic hazard mapping could ultimately have on the city’s seismic upgrade plan and on future development is still uncertain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’ll bring greater awareness of the risks. I think that’s good for any person that lives or works in Santa Monica,” says Martha Cox-Nitikman, senior director of \u003ca href=\"https://www.bomagla.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public policy for the Building Owners and Managers Association of Greater Los Angeles\u003c/a>. The association represents the interests of several large property owners in Santa Monica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city might want to go back sometime later and update some of the engineering standards,” says Cox-Nitikman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now I think building owners are just looking at the standards that are in the (city) ordinance that we are currently living with, and there are standards in embedded in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new California Geological Survey fault hazard maps and the law behind it can only do so much. Ultimately it depends on local leaders in the affected communities to decide how strictly they’ll enforce the building standards outlined by the state.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s just after 7:30 p.m. on a recent evening as Celerina Chavez finishes the supper dishes in the Kern County home she and her husband Bartolo Chavez have owned for more than two decades. This after-dinner scene is fairly ordinary, except for the water flowing from the kitchen faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the small city of Arvin, near Bakersfield, the tap water is tainted with \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-03/documents/ffrrofactsheet_contaminant_tcp_january2014_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1,2,3-Trichloropropane\u003c/a> (TCP). It’s a man-made chemical that California has \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/chemicals/123-trichloropropane)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">identified\u003c/a> as a carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TCP is actually one of the most toxic chemicals that we’re finding in water,” says Andria Ventura, toxics program manager for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.cleanwateraction.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Clean Water Action\u003c/a>. “People should not drink TCP.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But people are drinking it. Statewide, the toxic chemical has contaminated water supplies throughout the state, particularly in the agricultural communities of the Central Valley, where Celerina and Bartolo raised their two daughters, both now away at college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would ... give them that water,” Celerina Chavez says. “I didn't know that it was contaminated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple now receives tokens from the water district to receive free filtered water. Their drinking water also contains the toxins arsenic and chromium-6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the tokens aren’t enough,” Bartolo Chavez says. “So in addition, we buy bottled water at Costco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bartolo works in the juice industry and Celerina is a hotel worker. They pay about $50 a month for the extra bottles — a price they say they can ill afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[TCP]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a> on July 18 \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/press_room/press_releases/2017/pr071817_123tcp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">adopted\u003c/a> the strictest possible standard (5 parts per trillion or less) for the contaminant in public drinking water. That's the lowest level at which existing technology can detect the chemical and remove it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, the tap water of about a million Californians is known to contain TCP at levels higher than that, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/tcp_mcl_presentation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data\u003c/a> from the state water board. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the contamination is tied to the historic use of industrial solvent. TCP has been found in many urban areas, including Los Angeles, San Bernardino and San Mateo counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the agricultural Central Valley, it’s linked to a type of pesticide once made by two manufacturers, Shell Oil and Dow Chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From at least the 1950s into the 1980s, farmers spread the pesticide on fields to kill tiny, soil-dwelling worms that attacked the roots of plants, causing millions of dollars in crop losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is extremely persistent,” says \u003ca href=\"http://rbwaterlaw.com/people/todd-e-robins/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Todd E. Robins\u003c/a>, a San Francisco attorney representing more than two dozen Central Valley water suppliers that are now suing Shell and Dow for the cost of cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TCP lasts in the ground and in the groundwater for literally centuries,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in January 2018, all public water systems in the state -- more than 4,000 of them -- must test for TCP. If the average of four quarters of sampling shows the chemical exceeding levels of the new limit, the state will require cleanup, says Andrew DiLuccia, spokesman for the water board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that won’t be cheap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently we have an estimation of approximately a little over $33 million a year,” DiLuccia says. Over the next 20 years, the state estimates $500 million in cleanup may be necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But that could change as more systems begin to test,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Robins claims some of the TCP pollution in the agricultural areas of California could have been avoided. According to the lawsuits he has filed, both Shell and Dow knew early on that TCP was \u003cem>not\u003c/em> an active ingredient in the pesticide — rather, it was a different chemical in the pesticide that actually killed the worms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, Robins says, both companies kept putting TCP in their pesticides as a way to get rid of their TCP inventories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather than spending money to dispose of this chemical waste,” Robins explains, “they could put it in barrels and sell it to farmers and have farmers dispose of the chemical waste in soil and in farm fields all around the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public relations representatives for Shell and Dow wouldn’t comment on whether discarding TCP was a motive for adding it to the pesticides, citing the lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow spokesman Jarrod Erpelding released a statement saying:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"TCP was a trace constituent associated with highly beneficial agricultural product formulations, which have not been on the market for several decades, that controlled pests that otherwise would have caused millions of dollars in annual crop losses. TCP is also associated with products that Dow did not manufacture or sell and with certain industrial processes in which Dow had no involvement. All regulations should be predicated on sound science, and the MCL [Maximum Contaminant Level] for TCP is no different.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Shell representatives emailed a statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The former Shell agricultural product, last manufactured more than 30 years ago, contained trace amounts of 1,2,3 trichloropropane (TCP). It was used to control microscopic worms that attacked crops causing millions of dollars a year of crop loss for farmers, and was approved for use by the U.S. government and the State of California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Many of the hardest-hit California communities are rural, with small water districts that won't be able to afford the cleanup costs. Among them is the water supplier for the city where the Chavez family lives: Arvin, on the outskirts of Bakersfield in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s something that’s going to place a humongous burden on the residents of Arvin,” says Raul Barraza Jr., general manager of the Arvin Community Services District. “You’re talking about very complex treatment ... each water system has its completely own personality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barraza says water suppliers will have to decide whether to treat TCP on-site or whether to pipe the contaminated water to a central treatment facility. In either case, Barraza says, they’ll likely be running it through a granular activated carbon filter, much like a Brita filter placed in a pitcher of water – only a lot bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re generally 20,000-pound vessels,” says Lisa Koehn, assistant public utilities director for the city of Clovis, near Fresno. “And they’re about 12 foot in diameter, about 20 feet tall.” And costly to operate, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clovis recently settled a lawsuit against Dow Chemical for $7.5 million. The city also won a jury verdict in its favor after suing Shell Oil, then settled with the company for $15 million, says David J. Wolfe, city attorney for Clovis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koehn cautions that the settlement monies aren't likely to cover all the costs of cleanup. To do that, she says, taxpayer-funded grants and higher water fees will likely be needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state attorney general’s office would not comment on whether it’s also pursuing legal action against the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins, meanwhile, says none of this had to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real tragedy is the active ingredient in these products was extremely effective,” he says. “It broke down into harmless byproducts in a matter of days after these products were injected into the soil.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, which publishes \u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthline\u003c/a>, an editorially independent service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The state's recent decision to regulate 1,2,3-Trichloropropane means all local drinking water agencies will have to test for the carcinogen starting in 2018. ",
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"description": "The state's recent decision to regulate 1,2,3-Trichloropropane means all local drinking water agencies will have to test for the carcinogen starting in 2018. ",
"title": "California Decides All Drinking Water Must Be Tested for a Toxin. But Who Pays? | KQED",
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"headline": "California Decides All Drinking Water Must Be Tested for a Toxin. But Who Pays?",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>Stephanie O’Neill\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s just after 7:30 p.m. on a recent evening as Celerina Chavez finishes the supper dishes in the Kern County home she and her husband Bartolo Chavez have owned for more than two decades. This after-dinner scene is fairly ordinary, except for the water flowing from the kitchen faucet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here in the small city of Arvin, near Bakersfield, the tap water is tainted with \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-03/documents/ffrrofactsheet_contaminant_tcp_january2014_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1,2,3-Trichloropropane\u003c/a> (TCP). It’s a man-made chemical that California has \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/chemicals/123-trichloropropane)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">identified\u003c/a> as a carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TCP is actually one of the most toxic chemicals that we’re finding in water,” says Andria Ventura, toxics program manager for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.cleanwateraction.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Clean Water Action\u003c/a>. “People should not drink TCP.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But people are drinking it. Statewide, the toxic chemical has contaminated water supplies throughout the state, particularly in the agricultural communities of the Central Valley, where Celerina and Bartolo raised their two daughters, both now away at college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would ... give them that water,” Celerina Chavez says. “I didn't know that it was contaminated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The couple now receives tokens from the water district to receive free filtered water. Their drinking water also contains the toxins arsenic and chromium-6.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the tokens aren’t enough,” Bartolo Chavez says. “So in addition, we buy bottled water at Costco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bartolo works in the juice industry and Celerina is a hotel worker. They pay about $50 a month for the extra bottles — a price they say they can ill afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[TCP]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a> on July 18 \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/press_room/press_releases/2017/pr071817_123tcp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">adopted\u003c/a> the strictest possible standard (5 parts per trillion or less) for the contaminant in public drinking water. That's the lowest level at which existing technology can detect the chemical and remove it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Statewide, the tap water of about a million Californians is known to contain TCP at levels higher than that, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/tcp_mcl_presentation.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">data\u003c/a> from the state water board. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the contamination is tied to the historic use of industrial solvent. TCP has been found in many urban areas, including Los Angeles, San Bernardino and San Mateo counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the agricultural Central Valley, it’s linked to a type of pesticide once made by two manufacturers, Shell Oil and Dow Chemical.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From at least the 1950s into the 1980s, farmers spread the pesticide on fields to kill tiny, soil-dwelling worms that attacked the roots of plants, causing millions of dollars in crop losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is extremely persistent,” says \u003ca href=\"http://rbwaterlaw.com/people/todd-e-robins/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Todd E. Robins\u003c/a>, a San Francisco attorney representing more than two dozen Central Valley water suppliers that are now suing Shell and Dow for the cost of cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TCP lasts in the ground and in the groundwater for literally centuries,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in January 2018, all public water systems in the state -- more than 4,000 of them -- must test for TCP. If the average of four quarters of sampling shows the chemical exceeding levels of the new limit, the state will require cleanup, says Andrew DiLuccia, spokesman for the water board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that won’t be cheap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently we have an estimation of approximately a little over $33 million a year,” DiLuccia says. Over the next 20 years, the state estimates $500 million in cleanup may be necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But that could change as more systems begin to test,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Robins claims some of the TCP pollution in the agricultural areas of California could have been avoided. According to the lawsuits he has filed, both Shell and Dow knew early on that TCP was \u003cem>not\u003c/em> an active ingredient in the pesticide — rather, it was a different chemical in the pesticide that actually killed the worms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, Robins says, both companies kept putting TCP in their pesticides as a way to get rid of their TCP inventories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather than spending money to dispose of this chemical waste,” Robins explains, “they could put it in barrels and sell it to farmers and have farmers dispose of the chemical waste in soil and in farm fields all around the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public relations representatives for Shell and Dow wouldn’t comment on whether discarding TCP was a motive for adding it to the pesticides, citing the lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow spokesman Jarrod Erpelding released a statement saying:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"TCP was a trace constituent associated with highly beneficial agricultural product formulations, which have not been on the market for several decades, that controlled pests that otherwise would have caused millions of dollars in annual crop losses. TCP is also associated with products that Dow did not manufacture or sell and with certain industrial processes in which Dow had no involvement. All regulations should be predicated on sound science, and the MCL [Maximum Contaminant Level] for TCP is no different.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Shell representatives emailed a statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“The former Shell agricultural product, last manufactured more than 30 years ago, contained trace amounts of 1,2,3 trichloropropane (TCP). It was used to control microscopic worms that attacked crops causing millions of dollars a year of crop loss for farmers, and was approved for use by the U.S. government and the State of California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Many of the hardest-hit California communities are rural, with small water districts that won't be able to afford the cleanup costs. Among them is the water supplier for the city where the Chavez family lives: Arvin, on the outskirts of Bakersfield in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s something that’s going to place a humongous burden on the residents of Arvin,” says Raul Barraza Jr., general manager of the Arvin Community Services District. “You’re talking about very complex treatment ... each water system has its completely own personality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barraza says water suppliers will have to decide whether to treat TCP on-site or whether to pipe the contaminated water to a central treatment facility. In either case, Barraza says, they’ll likely be running it through a granular activated carbon filter, much like a Brita filter placed in a pitcher of water – only a lot bigger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re generally 20,000-pound vessels,” says Lisa Koehn, assistant public utilities director for the city of Clovis, near Fresno. “And they’re about 12 foot in diameter, about 20 feet tall.” And costly to operate, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clovis recently settled a lawsuit against Dow Chemical for $7.5 million. The city also won a jury verdict in its favor after suing Shell Oil, then settled with the company for $15 million, says David J. Wolfe, city attorney for Clovis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Koehn cautions that the settlement monies aren't likely to cover all the costs of cleanup. To do that, she says, taxpayer-funded grants and higher water fees will likely be needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state attorney general’s office would not comment on whether it’s also pursuing legal action against the companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins, meanwhile, says none of this had to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real tragedy is the active ingredient in these products was extremely effective,” he says. “It broke down into harmless byproducts in a matter of days after these products were injected into the soil.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"http://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, which publishes \u003ca href=\"http://californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Healthline\u003c/a>, an editorially independent service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Group Aims to Make Safe Places for Low-Income Kids to Play in L.A.",
"title": "Group Aims to Make Safe Places for Low-Income Kids to Play in L.A.",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>For children in low-income urban neighborhoods in California, there's often no safe place to play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building playgrounds is a start, but a pilot program in Los Angeles wants to take a different approach: putting play where you wouldn't expect it, and where kids can use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Let's Play Everywhere Los Angeles\" is \u003ca href=\"https://kaboom.org/playability/play_everywhere/los_angeles\">launching this summer\u003c/a> in L.A., aiming to convert some of the urban spaces that children visit every day -- like vacant lots, bus stops or laundromats -- into places where they can play. It's the brainchild of KaBOOM, a nonprofit that will build 10 such projects in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Playgrounds are great. But there’s equity issues around play, and sometimes it’s not the easiest option to take your child physically to a playground.'\u003ccite>Jen De Melo, KaBOOM\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes single-parent families don’t have that luxury to drop off their kids at the park,\" said L.A. Deputy Mayor Barbara Romero, who is tasked with expanding parks and play opportunities in the city's underserved neighborhoods. \"So how do we build interim play areas for kids who can't get to a park?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other cities and states where KaBOOM has rolled out projects, people have come up with a variety of answers: A laundromat in Vermont became a puppet theater for kids; a bus stop shelter in the Central Valley was transformed into an interactive game station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people think of play as a luxury, but for kids it’s a necessity to build the social, physical and emotional skills they need to become healthy adults, said Jen De Melo, of KaBOOM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Melo builds traditional playgrounds across the country, but she said they aren't the only answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Playgrounds are great, don’t get me wrong, I love them,\" she said. \"But there’s equity issues around play, and sometimes it’s not the easiest choice or the easiest option to take your child physically to a playground.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11577812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11577812\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-800x579.jpg\" alt=\"Jen De Melo sits at a park in Richmond, which closed off an adjoining street to help open a playground to the neighborhood beyond its normal boundary. De Melo works for the nonprofit Kaboom!, which is sponsoring a pilot program in Los Angeles to fund 10 projects that incorporate play into kids' everyday lives.\" width=\"800\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-800x579.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-1020x738.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-1180x854.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-960x695.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-240x174.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-375x271.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-520x376.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jen De Melo sits at a park in Richmond, which closed off an adjoining street to help open a playground to the neighborhood beyond its normal boundary. De Melo works for the nonprofit Kaboom, which is sponsoring a pilot program in Los Angeles to fund 10 projects that incorporate play into kids' everyday lives. \u003ccite>(David Gorn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Janice Galindo, a single mom to a 3-year-old boy, it's not a question of nearby access to a park or playground, it's being able to find the time for kids to play there. She's concerned about safety, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she does see the benefits of having a space where her boy can play: On a recent day at \u003ca href=\"http://parks.lacounty.gov/wps/portal/dpr/Parks/Ruben_F_Salazar_Park\">Ruben Salazar Park\u003c/a> in east L.A., she watched him play with two other kids, which also helps him to improve his social skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Within five minutes, he had two little girlfriends already,\" said Galindo, 26. \"And I was like, 'Wow. This is fun for him.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Galindo grew up a few blocks from Ruben Salazar Park, but she almost never played there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn’t really play at a park because my parents worked a lot,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gets to the heart of the Play Everywhere pilot project: Kids often have to tag along with their parents on errands, or join them at work -- meaning play opportunities at playgrounds are limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the case for every family in her neighborhood, Galindo said. Even though a traditional playground may be just down the block, that doesn't mean kids will use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in her office in L.A.'s city hall, Romero said \"Let's Play Everywhere\" is an idea that might ripple out and take on a life of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, if one laundromat with a puppet theater or dress-up play stage starts to draw more parents to it because of its imaginative play area, other laundromats might start installing their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Change needs to happen,\" De Melo said. \"Really making play an easy choice by having it in lots of spaces, not just playgrounds.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For children in low-income urban neighborhoods in California, there's often no safe place to play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building playgrounds is a start, but a pilot program in Los Angeles wants to take a different approach: putting play where you wouldn't expect it, and where kids can use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Let's Play Everywhere Los Angeles\" is \u003ca href=\"https://kaboom.org/playability/play_everywhere/los_angeles\">launching this summer\u003c/a> in L.A., aiming to convert some of the urban spaces that children visit every day -- like vacant lots, bus stops or laundromats -- into places where they can play. It's the brainchild of KaBOOM, a nonprofit that will build 10 such projects in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Playgrounds are great. But there’s equity issues around play, and sometimes it’s not the easiest option to take your child physically to a playground.'\u003ccite>Jen De Melo, KaBOOM\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes single-parent families don’t have that luxury to drop off their kids at the park,\" said L.A. Deputy Mayor Barbara Romero, who is tasked with expanding parks and play opportunities in the city's underserved neighborhoods. \"So how do we build interim play areas for kids who can't get to a park?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other cities and states where KaBOOM has rolled out projects, people have come up with a variety of answers: A laundromat in Vermont became a puppet theater for kids; a bus stop shelter in the Central Valley was transformed into an interactive game station.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people think of play as a luxury, but for kids it’s a necessity to build the social, physical and emotional skills they need to become healthy adults, said Jen De Melo, of KaBOOM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De Melo builds traditional playgrounds across the country, but she said they aren't the only answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Playgrounds are great, don’t get me wrong, I love them,\" she said. \"But there’s equity issues around play, and sometimes it’s not the easiest choice or the easiest option to take your child physically to a playground.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11577812\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11577812\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-800x579.jpg\" alt=\"Jen De Melo sits at a park in Richmond, which closed off an adjoining street to help open a playground to the neighborhood beyond its normal boundary. De Melo works for the nonprofit Kaboom!, which is sponsoring a pilot program in Los Angeles to fund 10 projects that incorporate play into kids' everyday lives.\" width=\"800\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-800x579.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-1020x738.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-1180x854.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-960x695.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-240x174.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-375x271.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/JenDeMelo-520x376.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jen De Melo sits at a park in Richmond, which closed off an adjoining street to help open a playground to the neighborhood beyond its normal boundary. De Melo works for the nonprofit Kaboom, which is sponsoring a pilot program in Los Angeles to fund 10 projects that incorporate play into kids' everyday lives. \u003ccite>(David Gorn/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Janice Galindo, a single mom to a 3-year-old boy, it's not a question of nearby access to a park or playground, it's being able to find the time for kids to play there. She's concerned about safety, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she does see the benefits of having a space where her boy can play: On a recent day at \u003ca href=\"http://parks.lacounty.gov/wps/portal/dpr/Parks/Ruben_F_Salazar_Park\">Ruben Salazar Park\u003c/a> in east L.A., she watched him play with two other kids, which also helps him to improve his social skills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Within five minutes, he had two little girlfriends already,\" said Galindo, 26. \"And I was like, 'Wow. This is fun for him.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Galindo grew up a few blocks from Ruben Salazar Park, but she almost never played there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I didn’t really play at a park because my parents worked a lot,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gets to the heart of the Play Everywhere pilot project: Kids often have to tag along with their parents on errands, or join them at work -- meaning play opportunities at playgrounds are limited.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the case for every family in her neighborhood, Galindo said. Even though a traditional playground may be just down the block, that doesn't mean kids will use it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in her office in L.A.'s city hall, Romero said \"Let's Play Everywhere\" is an idea that might ripple out and take on a life of its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, if one laundromat with a puppet theater or dress-up play stage starts to draw more parents to it because of its imaginative play area, other laundromats might start installing their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Change needs to happen,\" De Melo said. \"Really making play an easy choice by having it in lots of spaces, not just playgrounds.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Finally Begins Regulating Cancer-Causing Chemical Found in Drinking Water",
"headTitle": "California Finally Begins Regulating Cancer-Causing Chemical Found in Drinking Water | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>Update, July 18, 2017:\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">More than 25 years after the state determined that 1,2,3-TCP causes cancer, the State Water Resources Control Board voted to approve a standard for the chemical in drinking water. They set the limit at 5 parts per trillion, a level supported by clean water and pesticide reform advocates. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The state will now start water systems to test all of their wells every month starting in January. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Board chair Felicia Marcus called the vote, “a very important day for public health.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s a very serious public health threat,” agreed board Vice-Chair Steven Moore. “California officially determined that this is a carcinogen. And when you look at the science and the experiments and all that was done to show it, it is disquieting how serious and insidious this chemical is.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, June 20, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The state water board has proposed a standard for 1,2,3-TCP and held a \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/phtcp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hearing\u003c/a> to receive public comment. The state is proposing that the maximum contamination for 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water be set at 5 parts per trillion. The nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a>, which advocates for safe, clean drinking water in the San Joaquin Valley, testified in support of the proposed standard.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>State water officials have not yet formally implemented the standard, but they have issued an \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/123tcp_map_5ppt.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">updated map\u003c/a> showing contaminated wells.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Fresno City Council \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/post/fresno-takes-first-step-toward-ridding-water-toxic-123-tcp#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has authorized\u003c/a> a study to find out how to remove 12,3-TCP from the city’s water supply. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, January 2, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In January, The State Water Resources Control Board is expected to roll out the draft of a first-ever enforceable standard for 1,2,3-TCP in California drinking water.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In December, the city of Clovis, in Fresno County, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article122257349.html\">won a $22 million court judgment\u003c/a> against Shell Oil Co., for TCP contamination in wells. More than 40 other cases remain open.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Story, March 7, 2016:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have to admit, after the water crisis in Flint, Michigan, I’m a little freaked out about what’s in my tap water. So when I opened my water bill from the city of Fresno recently, I decided to actually read the “consumer confidence report” for drinking water. And I found this footnote in tiny print:\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>Consumer Confidence Report Footnote\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>123 Trichloropropane has been detected in 29 wells in Fresno…. Some people who use water containing it over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer, based on studies in laboratory animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wait…what? I have two little kids, and my family drinks the tap water. And it might cause cancer? I decided to fork out $200 to get mine tested. And to start digging into how 1,2,3-TCP got into the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out, it’s not just Fresno. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/123TCP.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a>, 1,2,3-TCP has been found in about a hundred public water systems across California, mostly in the Central Valley but also in counties like Santa Cruz, Monterey, Sacramento, and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many Californians don’t know whether this stuff is in their water, because neither the state nor the federal EPA regulates 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water. So that means public utilities don’t have to test for it, filter it out, or advise their customers if it’s in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>123-TCP IN ACTIVE COMMUNITY WELLS\u003c/h2>\n\u003ch4>Water systems where significant levels of contaminant 123-TCP have been detected.\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_561928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-561928 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg\" alt=\"TCP_FinalGraphic\" width=\"700\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic-400x446.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: CALIFORNIA STATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARD, MAP: Teodros Hailye, KQED Science\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s even though the state determined it was a carcinogen back in 1992. And the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) set a very low \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/water/phg/pdf/082009TCP_phg.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public health goal \u003c/a>for 1,2,3-TCP in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no absolutely no question that is a genotoxic carcinogen,” says Robert Howd, a toxicologist who led the scientific review for OEHHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been no studies of 1,2,3-TCP’s effect on humans, but animal studies showed multiple tumors at multiple sites in both rats and mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The data are very clear,” Howd says. “Virtually nobody is disputing that. There’s just no controversy about this being a DNA reactive carcinogen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howd’s team set the public health goal at .7 parts per trillion (.0007 parts per billion) The only carcinogen with a lower state public health goal for drinking water is dioxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003cstrong>How Did It Get Into the Water? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">“This whole story begins in the 1930s, the dawn of the age of chemical agriculture” says San Francisco attorney \u003ca href=\"http://rbwaterlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Daily-Journal-Article_8.20.12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Todd Robins\u003c/a>. He represents about 30 communities around the state who are suing over 1,2,3-TCP contamination, and he’s spent the last decade trying to track how it leached into groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants…and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers.”\u003ccite>San Francisco attorney Todd Robins\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Somebody at the Pineapple Research Institute in Honolulu got ahold of this sample of what was essentially hazardous waste from a chemical production process at Shell,” he says, “and he used it in some experiments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experiments, Robins says, were to figure out how to control nematodes, tiny microscopic worms in the soil that attack a plant’s roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants … and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers,” says Robins. “Then Dow soon followed suit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies sold the product to farmers as a fumigant, which is injected into the soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins has compiled a huge stack of documents that show neither Dow Chemical nor Shell \u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000464-00240-19741121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">listed 1,2,3-TCP\u003c/a> on their \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000201-00253-19690414.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">product labels\u003c/a>, even though it was one of several ingredients. One of Dow’s own scientists \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_memo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">admitted\u003c/a> that the compound had served no function killing nematodes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins shows me a 1974 memo where Dow describes some of the fumigant components as “garbage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562003\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg\" alt=\"Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville's water.\" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville’s water. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Some of the most startling information is how clearly the companies understood from a scientific perspective the amount of garbage they were putting into these products,” says Robins, “and knowingly having farmers essentially dispose of their hazardous waste for them on farm fields throughout our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a few cases, Dow and Shell have paid to clean up groundwater with 1,2,3-TCP. But in the more than 3 dozen cases filed against the companies over the contamination, they’ve never admitted any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Dow and Shell declined my request for a taped interview. They sent me emails saying they couldn’t comment on active litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow spokesman Randy Fishback wrote that fumigants with 1,2,3-TCP were part of what he called “historical, highly beneficial agricultural products” that “controlled agricultural pests that otherwise would have caused millions of dollars in annual crop losses.” He added those products have been off the market for several decades, and that “TCP is also associated with certain industrial processes in which Dow had no involvement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tiny Communities Can’t Afford Cleanup\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562005\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562005\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg\" alt=\"Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state's public health goal. \" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state’s public health goal. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the communities suing Dow and Shell have only a few hundred households, like Woodville in rural Tulare County. Ralph Gutierrez runs the water system here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the meter reader, I’m the sewer line cleaner, I do the budget,” says Gutierrez, grinning in his cowboy boots and Dodger hat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He unlocks the gate to show me one of the town’s two drinking water wells, surrounded by orchards and cow pastures. These wells serve a total of 467 households, and 1,2,3-TCP has been detected in the water at 7 parts per trillion, ten times the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dow and Shell are the ones that put this into the system,” Gutierrez says. “Obviously, they have money to attack their problems, but when you come to communities like this, they’re all farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez says there’s no way he can raise water rates high enough to pay for expensive carbon filtration to keep the carcinogen from reaching people’s taps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t want my kids drinking it,” he says. “Would Dow Chemical or Shell like their people to be drinking this water? I don’t think so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Results From My Tap\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out the sample from my kitchen tap comes in at 2.2 parts per trillion. That’s three times the state public health goal for 1,2,3-TCP.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations.”\u003ccite>Cindy Forbes, State Water Resources Control Board \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>OEHHA sets its goal to try to reduce the lifetime cancer risk to less than one in 1 million. So my risk is three in 1 million, over a lifetime drinking my tap water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, my overall risk of getting cancer from any source is much higher; it’s more like one in three. Truth is, I should probably be more worried about secondhand smoke, or Fresno’s notoriously dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’m not taking any chances with my kids. I’ve installed an undersink filter that says it takes out Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). But there’s no guarantee it takes out 1,2,3-TCP, because without a government standard, it’s not rated for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State Regulation On Its Way\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some water systems in the Central Valley have levels of 1,2,3-TCP that push the potential cancer risk to roughly one in 6,000. And a grassroots group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/cwc_kicks_off_2016_123tcp_campaign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a> is pressuring the state to set a maximum contaminant level for the compound. That’s an enforceable standard, unlike the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 25 years after California declared 1,2,3-TCP to be a carcinogen, drinking water regulators are planning to set that level by next spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations, but we have had so many other regulations with limited resources to work on, that we haven’t been able to get it over the finish line,” says Cindy Forbes, deputy director for the water board’s drinking water program. “There are a lot of pieces to setting a new maximum contaminant level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like conducting their own peer-reviewed science, taking public comment, and evaluating the cost of detection and cleanup — not just the health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our number one priority,” says Forbes. “It’s my priority, it’s the board’s priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sasha Khokha has since moved from Fresno to the Bay Area, where she hosts KQED’s weekly edition of \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/\">The California Report\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The state water board proposes a limit for a dangerous chemical affecting drinking water across California.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">\u003cb>Update, July 18, 2017:\u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">More than 25 years after the state determined that 1,2,3-TCP causes cancer, the State Water Resources Control Board voted to approve a standard for the chemical in drinking water. They set the limit at 5 parts per trillion, a level supported by clean water and pesticide reform advocates. \u003c/span>\u003cspan class=\"s2\">The state will now start water systems to test all of their wells every month starting in January. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Board chair Felicia Marcus called the vote, “a very important day for public health.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"s1\">“It’s a very serious public health threat,” agreed board Vice-Chair Steven Moore. “California officially determined that this is a carcinogen. And when you look at the science and the experiments and all that was done to show it, it is disquieting how serious and insidious this chemical is.” \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, June 20, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The state water board has proposed a standard for 1,2,3-TCP and held a \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/phtcp.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hearing\u003c/a> to receive public comment. The state is proposing that the maximum contamination for 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water be set at 5 parts per trillion. The nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a>, which advocates for safe, clean drinking water in the San Joaquin Valley, testified in support of the proposed standard.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>State water officials have not yet formally implemented the standard, but they have issued an \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/documents/123-tcp/123tcp_map_5ppt.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">updated map\u003c/a> showing contaminated wells.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Fresno City Council \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/post/fresno-takes-first-step-toward-ridding-water-toxic-123-tcp#stream/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has authorized\u003c/a> a study to find out how to remove 12,3-TCP from the city’s water supply. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, January 2, 2017:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In January, The State Water Resources Control Board is expected to roll out the draft of a first-ever enforceable standard for 1,2,3-TCP in California drinking water.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>In December, the city of Clovis, in Fresno County, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnobee.com/news/local/article122257349.html\">won a $22 million court judgment\u003c/a> against Shell Oil Co., for TCP contamination in wells. More than 40 other cases remain open.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Story, March 7, 2016:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I have to admit, after the water crisis in Flint, Michigan, I’m a little freaked out about what’s in my tap water. So when I opened my water bill from the city of Fresno recently, I decided to actually read the “consumer confidence report” for drinking water. And I found this footnote in tiny print:\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">\n\u003ch2>Consumer Confidence Report Footnote\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>123 Trichloropropane has been detected in 29 wells in Fresno…. Some people who use water containing it over many years may have an increased risk of getting cancer, based on studies in laboratory animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Wait…what? I have two little kids, and my family drinks the tap water. And it might cause cancer? I decided to fork out $200 to get mine tested. And to start digging into how 1,2,3-TCP got into the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out, it’s not just Fresno. According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/drinking_water/certlic/drinkingwater/123TCP.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">State Water Resources Control Board\u003c/a>, 1,2,3-TCP has been found in about a hundred public water systems across California, mostly in the Central Valley but also in counties like Santa Cruz, Monterey, Sacramento, and Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But many Californians don’t know whether this stuff is in their water, because neither the state nor the federal EPA regulates 1,2,3-TCP in drinking water. So that means public utilities don’t have to test for it, filter it out, or advise their customers if it’s in the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>123-TCP IN ACTIVE COMMUNITY WELLS\u003c/h2>\n\u003ch4>Water systems where significant levels of contaminant 123-TCP have been detected.\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_561928\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-561928 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg\" alt=\"TCP_FinalGraphic\" width=\"700\" height=\"780\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_FinalGraphic-400x446.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SOURCE: CALIFORNIA STATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARD, MAP: Teodros Hailye, KQED Science\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s even though the state determined it was a carcinogen back in 1992. And the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) set a very low \u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/water/phg/pdf/082009TCP_phg.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public health goal \u003c/a>for 1,2,3-TCP in 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is no absolutely no question that is a genotoxic carcinogen,” says Robert Howd, a toxicologist who led the scientific review for OEHHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been no studies of 1,2,3-TCP’s effect on humans, but animal studies showed multiple tumors at multiple sites in both rats and mice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The data are very clear,” Howd says. “Virtually nobody is disputing that. There’s just no controversy about this being a DNA reactive carcinogen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howd’s team set the public health goal at .7 parts per trillion (.0007 parts per billion) The only carcinogen with a lower state public health goal for drinking water is dioxin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003cstrong>How Did It Get Into the Water? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">“This whole story begins in the 1930s, the dawn of the age of chemical agriculture” says San Francisco attorney \u003ca href=\"http://rbwaterlaw.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Daily-Journal-Article_8.20.12.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Todd Robins\u003c/a>. He represents about 30 communities around the state who are suing over 1,2,3-TCP contamination, and he’s spent the last decade trying to track how it leached into groundwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants…and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers.”\u003ccite>San Francisco attorney Todd Robins\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Somebody at the Pineapple Research Institute in Honolulu got ahold of this sample of what was essentially hazardous waste from a chemical production process at Shell,” he says, “and he used it in some experiments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experiments, Robins says, were to figure out how to control nematodes, tiny microscopic worms in the soil that attack a plant’s roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Shell saw a huge opportunity to take a hazardous waste stream from their chemical plants … and start putting it in barrels, and selling it to farmers,” says Robins. “Then Dow soon followed suit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies sold the product to farmers as a fumigant, which is injected into the soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins has compiled a huge stack of documents that show neither Dow Chemical nor Shell \u003ca href=\"https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000464-00240-19741121.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">listed 1,2,3-TCP\u003c/a> on their \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/000201-00253-19690414.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">product labels\u003c/a>, even though it was one of several ingredients. One of Dow’s own scientists \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/TCP_memo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">admitted\u003c/a> that the compound had served no function killing nematodes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Robins shows me a 1974 memo where Dow describes some of the fumigant components as “garbage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562003\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg\" alt=\"Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville's water.\" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/ralph-gutierrez-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ralph Gutierrez says Shell and Dow should pay to clean 1,2,3-TCP out of Woodville’s water. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Some of the most startling information is how clearly the companies understood from a scientific perspective the amount of garbage they were putting into these products,” says Robins, “and knowingly having farmers essentially dispose of their hazardous waste for them on farm fields throughout our state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a few cases, Dow and Shell have paid to clean up groundwater with 1,2,3-TCP. But in the more than 3 dozen cases filed against the companies over the contamination, they’ve never admitted any wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Dow and Shell declined my request for a taped interview. They sent me emails saying they couldn’t comment on active litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dow spokesman Randy Fishback wrote that fumigants with 1,2,3-TCP were part of what he called “historical, highly beneficial agricultural products” that “controlled agricultural pests that otherwise would have caused millions of dollars in annual crop losses.” He added those products have been off the market for several decades, and that “TCP is also associated with certain industrial processes in which Dow had no involvement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tiny Communities Can’t Afford Cleanup\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_562005\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 4272px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-562005\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg\" alt=\"Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state's public health goal. \" width=\"4272\" height=\"2848\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1.jpg 4272w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/03/woodville-3-1-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 4272px) 100vw, 4272px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Woodville is a small farming community in Tulare County, where the 1,2,3-TCP in the drinking water is ten times the state’s public health goal. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khokha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of the communities suing Dow and Shell have only a few hundred households, like Woodville in rural Tulare County. Ralph Gutierrez runs the water system here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m the meter reader, I’m the sewer line cleaner, I do the budget,” says Gutierrez, grinning in his cowboy boots and Dodger hat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He unlocks the gate to show me one of the town’s two drinking water wells, surrounded by orchards and cow pastures. These wells serve a total of 467 households, and 1,2,3-TCP has been detected in the water at 7 parts per trillion, ten times the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dow and Shell are the ones that put this into the system,” Gutierrez says. “Obviously, they have money to attack their problems, but when you come to communities like this, they’re all farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez says there’s no way he can raise water rates high enough to pay for expensive carbon filtration to keep the carcinogen from reaching people’s taps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wouldn’t want my kids drinking it,” he says. “Would Dow Chemical or Shell like their people to be drinking this water? I don’t think so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Results From My Tap\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turns out the sample from my kitchen tap comes in at 2.2 parts per trillion. That’s three times the state public health goal for 1,2,3-TCP.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations.”\u003ccite>Cindy Forbes, State Water Resources Control Board \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>OEHHA sets its goal to try to reduce the lifetime cancer risk to less than one in 1 million. So my risk is three in 1 million, over a lifetime drinking my tap water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, my overall risk of getting cancer from any source is much higher; it’s more like one in three. Truth is, I should probably be more worried about secondhand smoke, or Fresno’s notoriously dirty air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’m not taking any chances with my kids. I’ve installed an undersink filter that says it takes out Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). But there’s no guarantee it takes out 1,2,3-TCP, because without a government standard, it’s not rated for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State Regulation On Its Way\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some water systems in the Central Valley have levels of 1,2,3-TCP that push the potential cancer risk to roughly one in 6,000. And a grassroots group called \u003ca href=\"http://www.communitywatercenter.org/cwc_kicks_off_2016_123tcp_campaign\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Water Center\u003c/a> is pressuring the state to set a maximum contaminant level for the compound. That’s an enforceable standard, unlike the public health goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 25 years after California declared 1,2,3-TCP to be a carcinogen, drinking water regulators are planning to set that level by next spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been a high priority for us to develop regulations, but we have had so many other regulations with limited resources to work on, that we haven’t been able to get it over the finish line,” says Cindy Forbes, deputy director for the water board’s drinking water program. “There are a lot of pieces to setting a new maximum contaminant level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like conducting their own peer-reviewed science, taking public comment, and evaluating the cost of detection and cleanup — not just the health risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s our number one priority,” says Forbes. “It’s my priority, it’s the board’s priority.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sasha Khokha has since moved from Fresno to the Bay Area, where she hosts KQED’s weekly edition of \u003ca href=\"http://audio.californiareport.org/\">The California Report\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Crews contending with triple-digit temperatures slowed the spread of an aggressive wildfire that destroyed dozens of homes in a rural area of California near Yosemite National Park, officials said Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze burning for a week has scorched just over 119 square miles (308 square kilometers) of dense brush and dead trees in the Sierra Nevada foothills. Many evacuated residents were allowed to return, but flames continue to threaten about 1,500 homes in Mariposa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was 50 percent contained, but officials said it could take crews another two weeks to fully surround it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are still out in front of an uncontrolled fire, but the fire isn’t moving at 30 mph (48 kph). The fire is crawling along,” fire spokesman Brandon Vaccaro said Saturday. Flames spared Mariposa, a historic Gold Rush-era town, but more than 130 buildings, including 63 homes, were destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 5,000 firefighters fought the blaze using air tankers and fleets of helicopters and bulldozers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire grew by up to 47 square miles (122 square kilometers) a day at its peak. But by the weekend, the growth rate was slowed despite dry, blistering weather, Vaccaro said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11590091\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11590091\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-800x527.jpg\" alt=\"Flames approach a home as the Detwiler Fire burns through brush on July 19, 2017 in Mariposa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-800x527.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-1020x672.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-1180x777.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-960x632.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-240x158.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-375x247.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames approach a home as the Detwiler Fire burns through brush on July 19, 2017, in Mariposa. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The smoke blurred the scenic vistas of Yosemite National Park, about 35 miles (56 kilometers) west of the fire. Tourists expecting the grandeur of falls and granite peaks instead saw hazy gray silhouettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some roads remained closed. But Mariposa, with a population of about 2,000, was coming back to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Valdez was back at work Saturday at a hardware store despite losing his home of 17 years to the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people out there who depend upon us to get power, to get water, to get their equipment fixed,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valdez, 60, and his wife had 20 minutes to grab a few photographs, bills and some family Bibles before they fled the encroaching flames. When they returned, only the home’s chimney was still standing. They plan to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was one of more than a dozen that have ravaged California in recent weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the south, officials have finally lifted all remaining evacuations in a stubborn fire burning for more than two weeks in the mountains of Santa Barbara County. The blaze, which destroyed 16 homes, is 87 percent and hasn’t grown in size for several days.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>LOS ANGELES — Crews contending with triple-digit temperatures slowed the spread of an aggressive wildfire that destroyed dozens of homes in a rural area of California near Yosemite National Park, officials said Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze burning for a week has scorched just over 119 square miles (308 square kilometers) of dense brush and dead trees in the Sierra Nevada foothills. Many evacuated residents were allowed to return, but flames continue to threaten about 1,500 homes in Mariposa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was 50 percent contained, but officials said it could take crews another two weeks to fully surround it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are still out in front of an uncontrolled fire, but the fire isn’t moving at 30 mph (48 kph). The fire is crawling along,” fire spokesman Brandon Vaccaro said Saturday. Flames spared Mariposa, a historic Gold Rush-era town, but more than 130 buildings, including 63 homes, were destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 5,000 firefighters fought the blaze using air tankers and fleets of helicopters and bulldozers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire grew by up to 47 square miles (122 square kilometers) a day at its peak. But by the weekend, the growth rate was slowed despite dry, blistering weather, Vaccaro said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11590091\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11590091\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-800x527.jpg\" alt=\"Flames approach a home as the Detwiler Fire burns through brush on July 19, 2017 in Mariposa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-800x527.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-1020x672.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-1180x777.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-960x632.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-240x158.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-375x247.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/DetwilerHome-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flames approach a home as the Detwiler Fire burns through brush on July 19, 2017, in Mariposa. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The smoke blurred the scenic vistas of Yosemite National Park, about 35 miles (56 kilometers) west of the fire. Tourists expecting the grandeur of falls and granite peaks instead saw hazy gray silhouettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some roads remained closed. But Mariposa, with a population of about 2,000, was coming back to life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Valdez was back at work Saturday at a hardware store despite losing his home of 17 years to the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are people out there who depend upon us to get power, to get water, to get their equipment fixed,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valdez, 60, and his wife had 20 minutes to grab a few photographs, bills and some family Bibles before they fled the encroaching flames. When they returned, only the home’s chimney was still standing. They plan to rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was one of more than a dozen that have ravaged California in recent weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To the south, officials have finally lifted all remaining evacuations in a stubborn fire burning for more than two weeks in the mountains of Santa Barbara County. The blaze, which destroyed 16 homes, is 87 percent and hasn’t grown in size for several days.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Scientists Are Releasing 20 Million Mosquitoes in Fresno County",
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"content": "\u003cp>This summer, scientists in California are releasing 20 million mosquitoes in an effort to shrink the population of mosquitoes that can carry diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sounds counterintuitive. But the plan is to release millions of sterile male mosquitoes, which will then mate with wild female mosquitoes. The eggs the females lay won’t hatch, researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project is called \u003ca href=\"https://blog.verily.com/2017/07/debug-fresno-our-first-us-field-study.html\">Debug Fresno\u003c/a> and it’s being undertaken by Verily, a subsidiary of Alphabet, Google’s holding company. It’s the company’s first field study involving sterile mosquitoes in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say the goal is to cut the population of \u003cem>Aedes aegypti\u003c/em> mosquitoes — the species responsible for spreading Zika, dengue and chikungunya. \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> have been present in California’s Central Valley since 2013 and have been a problem in Fresno County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a terrible nuisance, a terrible biting nuisance. It’s changed the way people can enjoy their backyard and it’s a threat for disease transmission,” Steve Mulligan of Fresno County’s Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District told \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2017/07/19/scientists-plan-to-trick-zika-carrying-mosquitoes-into-breeding-themselves-out-of-existence/?utm_term=.488aede6eedb\">The Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each week for 20 weeks, the company plans to release 1 million of the sterile, non-biting male mosquitoes in two neighborhoods in Fresno County. The male mosquitoes are bred and infected with \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>, a bacterium that is “naturally found in at least 40 percent of all insect species,” according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/46021/title/Bacterium-Blocks-Zika-s-Spread/\">The Scientist magazine\u003c/a>, though it’s normally not found in \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, we hope to see a steep decline in the presence of \u003cem>Aedes aegypti\u003c/em> in these communities,” Verily says in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a phenomenon called cytoplasmic incompatibility, “matings between \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>-infected males and uninfected females results in embryo lethality or low hatch rates,” William Sullivan and Scott L. O’Neill \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v543/n7644/fig_tab/nature21509_F1.html\">write in the journal Nature\u003c/a>. “Because the effect of \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> infection on insect reproduction favours the survival of \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>-infected females over uninfected females, \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> can rapidly spread through an insect population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> also helps mosquitoes to avoid carrying diseases like Zika in the first place. \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> “carrying \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> bacteria were highly resistant to Zika virus infection, and were unable to transmit the virus via their saliva,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/46021/title/Bacterium-Blocks-Zika-s-Spread/\">The Scientist writes\u003c/a>, citing a 2016 study in Brazil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The magazine says the bacterium “is not known” to infect humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verily is partnering in the project with the Kentucky-based company MosquitoMate and the Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District of Fresno County. They plan to study the \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> population density and number of eggs hatching in the experimental areas and compare to control neighborhoods to measure the experiment’s effectiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not the first time the bacteria-carrying mosquitoes have been released into the wild in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MosquitoMate and the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District \u003ca href=\"http://fkmcd.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=d8c2b636e93b40b4b940e6042ef286c6\">released 75,000\u003c/a> \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>-carrying mosquitoes each week for several weeks this spring in the Florida Keys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year in Fresno, MosquitoMate and county officials released \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/14/15972950/mosquitoes-google-alphabet-verily-debug-wolbachia-bacteria-fresno-california\">about 800,000\u003c/a> of the mosquitoes. This experiment is a 25-fold increase on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verily says it developed “automated mass rearing and sex-sorting processes,” which enable it to breed and release so many of the mosquitoes in such a short time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> is an invasive species to Fresno County, and officials told the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> they don’t predict an impact on the local ecosystem from reducing or eliminating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method Verily is using to cut the mosquito population differs from the experiment the British company Oxitec proposed last year in the Florida Keys. In contrast to the mosquitoes being infected by bacteria, Oxitec has released males that are genetically modified with “a gene that causes the mosquito’s offspring to die in the first two to three days of life,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dallasnews.com/news/zika-virus/2017/07/14/genetically-engineered-mosquitoes-wipe-zika-dallas-county-oppose-local-trials\">The Dallas Morning News\u003c/a>. Many Florida Keys residents \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/20/502717253/florida-keys-approves-trial-of-genetically-modified-mosquitoes-to-fight-zika\">bitterly opposed\u003c/a> the proposed experiment last year; some Texas residents are reacting similarly to a proposed trial there, the \u003cem>Morning News\u003c/em> reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the spring to the fall of 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2017/s0620-virus-carrying-mosquitoes.html\">38 additional counties\u003c/a> in the U.S. reported evidence of the \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> mosquito, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Since the beginning of 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/zika/reporting/case-counts.html\">more than 5,300\u003c/a> symptomatic cases of Zika were reported to the CDC in the U.S., though the vast majority stemmed from people traveling to affected areas. As of Wednesday, the agency said there were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/zika/reporting/2017-case-counts.html\">no reported cases\u003c/a> of people getting Zika in the U.S. this year “through presumed local mosquito-borne transmission.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This summer, scientists in California are releasing 20 million mosquitoes in an effort to shrink the population of mosquitoes that can carry diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sounds counterintuitive. But the plan is to release millions of sterile male mosquitoes, which will then mate with wild female mosquitoes. The eggs the females lay won’t hatch, researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project is called \u003ca href=\"https://blog.verily.com/2017/07/debug-fresno-our-first-us-field-study.html\">Debug Fresno\u003c/a> and it’s being undertaken by Verily, a subsidiary of Alphabet, Google’s holding company. It’s the company’s first field study involving sterile mosquitoes in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists say the goal is to cut the population of \u003cem>Aedes aegypti\u003c/em> mosquitoes — the species responsible for spreading Zika, dengue and chikungunya. \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> have been present in California’s Central Valley since 2013 and have been a problem in Fresno County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a terrible nuisance, a terrible biting nuisance. It’s changed the way people can enjoy their backyard and it’s a threat for disease transmission,” Steve Mulligan of Fresno County’s Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District told \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2017/07/19/scientists-plan-to-trick-zika-carrying-mosquitoes-into-breeding-themselves-out-of-existence/?utm_term=.488aede6eedb\">The Washington Post\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each week for 20 weeks, the company plans to release 1 million of the sterile, non-biting male mosquitoes in two neighborhoods in Fresno County. The male mosquitoes are bred and infected with \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>, a bacterium that is “naturally found in at least 40 percent of all insect species,” according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/46021/title/Bacterium-Blocks-Zika-s-Spread/\">The Scientist magazine\u003c/a>, though it’s normally not found in \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over time, we hope to see a steep decline in the presence of \u003cem>Aedes aegypti\u003c/em> in these communities,” Verily says in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a phenomenon called cytoplasmic incompatibility, “matings between \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>-infected males and uninfected females results in embryo lethality or low hatch rates,” William Sullivan and Scott L. O’Neill \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v543/n7644/fig_tab/nature21509_F1.html\">write in the journal Nature\u003c/a>. “Because the effect of \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> infection on insect reproduction favours the survival of \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>-infected females over uninfected females, \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> can rapidly spread through an insect population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> also helps mosquitoes to avoid carrying diseases like Zika in the first place. \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> “carrying \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em> bacteria were highly resistant to Zika virus infection, and were unable to transmit the virus via their saliva,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/46021/title/Bacterium-Blocks-Zika-s-Spread/\">The Scientist writes\u003c/a>, citing a 2016 study in Brazil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The magazine says the bacterium “is not known” to infect humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verily is partnering in the project with the Kentucky-based company MosquitoMate and the Consolidated Mosquito Abatement District of Fresno County. They plan to study the \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> population density and number of eggs hatching in the experimental areas and compare to control neighborhoods to measure the experiment’s effectiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not the first time the bacteria-carrying mosquitoes have been released into the wild in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MosquitoMate and the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District \u003ca href=\"http://fkmcd.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapJournal/index.html?appid=d8c2b636e93b40b4b940e6042ef286c6\">released 75,000\u003c/a> \u003cem>Wolbachia\u003c/em>-carrying mosquitoes each week for several weeks this spring in the Florida Keys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year in Fresno, MosquitoMate and county officials released \u003ca href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/14/15972950/mosquitoes-google-alphabet-verily-debug-wolbachia-bacteria-fresno-california\">about 800,000\u003c/a> of the mosquitoes. This experiment is a 25-fold increase on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Verily says it developed “automated mass rearing and sex-sorting processes,” which enable it to breed and release so many of the mosquitoes in such a short time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> is an invasive species to Fresno County, and officials told the \u003cem>Post\u003c/em> they don’t predict an impact on the local ecosystem from reducing or eliminating it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The method Verily is using to cut the mosquito population differs from the experiment the British company Oxitec proposed last year in the Florida Keys. In contrast to the mosquitoes being infected by bacteria, Oxitec has released males that are genetically modified with “a gene that causes the mosquito’s offspring to die in the first two to three days of life,” according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.dallasnews.com/news/zika-virus/2017/07/14/genetically-engineered-mosquitoes-wipe-zika-dallas-county-oppose-local-trials\">The Dallas Morning News\u003c/a>. Many Florida Keys residents \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/20/502717253/florida-keys-approves-trial-of-genetically-modified-mosquitoes-to-fight-zika\">bitterly opposed\u003c/a> the proposed experiment last year; some Texas residents are reacting similarly to a proposed trial there, the \u003cem>Morning News\u003c/em> reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the spring to the fall of 2016, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2017/s0620-virus-carrying-mosquitoes.html\">38 additional counties\u003c/a> in the U.S. reported evidence of the \u003cem>A. aegypti\u003c/em> mosquito, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Since the beginning of 2015, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/zika/reporting/case-counts.html\">more than 5,300\u003c/a> symptomatic cases of Zika were reported to the CDC in the U.S., though the vast majority stemmed from people traveling to affected areas. As of Wednesday, the agency said there were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/zika/reporting/2017-case-counts.html\">no reported cases\u003c/a> of people getting Zika in the U.S. this year “through presumed local mosquito-borne transmission.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>FRESNO -- A chimney and a cinderblock wall are all that's left standing among rubble that was a house Miki Crawford and her family called home for 22 years after a wildfire raced through her Northern California rural community, the former nurses' aide said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything else is obliterated,\" Crawford said. \"It's just a feeling of complete devastation and loss.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crawford said she and her husband, Jai Crawford, packed two cars with clothes, photographs, family heirlooms, their four pugs and one hound dog and fled Tuesday after the blaze burning in the hills near Yosemite National Park doubled in size.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their son hiked to the area in Mount Bullion the following day and took photographs revealing a nightmare — their three-bedroom home and at least five other nearby houses destroyed in their neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aggressive wildfire sweeping through the Sierra Nevada foothills covered with dense brush and dead trees destroyed 58 homes and 60 other buildings. But it spared Mariposa, a historic Gold Rush-era town popular with tourists bound for Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters lifted an evacuation order for residents of Mariposa and reopened Highway 140 between the town and Yosemite, Cal Fire spokesman Andy Isolano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"xavCxvywqh8gdn4ybymeI4d7LteD3tgJ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wildfire that has scorched 115 square miles (298 square kilometers) threatened at least 1,500 homes and forced almost 5,000 people to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly a dozen of the destroyed homes had dotted hills 10 miles west of Mariposa. Residents a few miles to the north also saw damage, including Mount Bullion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crawford, 56, said there have been wildfires near her community in Mariposa County. But this was the first time they had to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We saw a video that showed the blaze coming from two different directions at one time, and it just looked like a firestorm,\" she said. \"It was such an erratic fire coming from all directions that there wasn't anything firefighters could do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she hopes to clean up the area and buy a modular home to put on their land. Relatives have started a GoFundMe page to help the couple rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters were battling 17 blazes across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside Sacramento on Thursday, authorities say they arrested a boy suspected of sparking a small wildfire while smoking marijuana. The 12-acre fire near Auburn did not damage any homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fire near Mariposa, officials were investigating an injury accident involving a single fire engine that sent one firefighter to the hospital. No further details were available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was 15 percent contained after nearly $11 million was spent to battle the blaze, officials said. The cause remained under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze had crept within a half-mile of Mariposa, but crews were able to stop it by dropping red fire retardant and using bulldozers and hand crews to build fire brakes, said Cal Fire spokesman Jason Motta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retiree Suzie Ummels, 61, who lives in Mariposa, said she learned through a friend that her home was spared. She said before the evacuation order had been lifted that she was going stir-crazy in an evacuation away from the comforts of home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know whether I'm blessed or lucky or a combination of both,\" she said. \"I just want to go home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Located about 35 miles southwest of Yosemite National Park, Mariposa features a charming main street with covered sidewalks and historic wood and brick buildings that house antique shops, restaurants, pizza parlors and art galleries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carol Dewey, who owns a downtown bed and breakfast, was one of several business owners allowed in Thursday to check on their shops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The place is like a ghost town,\" Dewey said. \"This fire has really devastated the area. Business is just flat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dewey, 64, said people in their 30s have opened several new businesses and wine bars, attracting lots of young tourists. However, the businesses stood empty as firefighters worked to keep the flames away from the town with 2,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze came within 35 miles (56 kilometers) of Yosemite, where campgrounds were open, park spokesman Scott Gediman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers warned visitors with respiratory problems to be mindful of the smoky haze over the park's landmark Half Dome rock face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite does not appear at risk from the fire, which was moving south, away from the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Olga Rodriguez reported from San Francisco.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>FRESNO -- A chimney and a cinderblock wall are all that's left standing among rubble that was a house Miki Crawford and her family called home for 22 years after a wildfire raced through her Northern California rural community, the former nurses' aide said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Everything else is obliterated,\" Crawford said. \"It's just a feeling of complete devastation and loss.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crawford said she and her husband, Jai Crawford, packed two cars with clothes, photographs, family heirlooms, their four pugs and one hound dog and fled Tuesday after the blaze burning in the hills near Yosemite National Park doubled in size.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their son hiked to the area in Mount Bullion the following day and took photographs revealing a nightmare — their three-bedroom home and at least five other nearby houses destroyed in their neighborhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The aggressive wildfire sweeping through the Sierra Nevada foothills covered with dense brush and dead trees destroyed 58 homes and 60 other buildings. But it spared Mariposa, a historic Gold Rush-era town popular with tourists bound for Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters lifted an evacuation order for residents of Mariposa and reopened Highway 140 between the town and Yosemite, Cal Fire spokesman Andy Isolano said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wildfire that has scorched 115 square miles (298 square kilometers) threatened at least 1,500 homes and forced almost 5,000 people to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly a dozen of the destroyed homes had dotted hills 10 miles west of Mariposa. Residents a few miles to the north also saw damage, including Mount Bullion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crawford, 56, said there have been wildfires near her community in Mariposa County. But this was the first time they had to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We saw a video that showed the blaze coming from two different directions at one time, and it just looked like a firestorm,\" she said. \"It was such an erratic fire coming from all directions that there wasn't anything firefighters could do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she hopes to clean up the area and buy a modular home to put on their land. Relatives have started a GoFundMe page to help the couple rebuild.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Firefighters were battling 17 blazes across California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside Sacramento on Thursday, authorities say they arrested a boy suspected of sparking a small wildfire while smoking marijuana. The 12-acre fire near Auburn did not damage any homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fire near Mariposa, officials were investigating an injury accident involving a single fire engine that sent one firefighter to the hospital. No further details were available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire was 15 percent contained after nearly $11 million was spent to battle the blaze, officials said. The cause remained under investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze had crept within a half-mile of Mariposa, but crews were able to stop it by dropping red fire retardant and using bulldozers and hand crews to build fire brakes, said Cal Fire spokesman Jason Motta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retiree Suzie Ummels, 61, who lives in Mariposa, said she learned through a friend that her home was spared. She said before the evacuation order had been lifted that she was going stir-crazy in an evacuation away from the comforts of home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know whether I'm blessed or lucky or a combination of both,\" she said. \"I just want to go home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Located about 35 miles southwest of Yosemite National Park, Mariposa features a charming main street with covered sidewalks and historic wood and brick buildings that house antique shops, restaurants, pizza parlors and art galleries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carol Dewey, who owns a downtown bed and breakfast, was one of several business owners allowed in Thursday to check on their shops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The place is like a ghost town,\" Dewey said. \"This fire has really devastated the area. Business is just flat.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dewey, 64, said people in their 30s have opened several new businesses and wine bars, attracting lots of young tourists. However, the businesses stood empty as firefighters worked to keep the flames away from the town with 2,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze came within 35 miles (56 kilometers) of Yosemite, where campgrounds were open, park spokesman Scott Gediman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rangers warned visitors with respiratory problems to be mindful of the smoky haze over the park's landmark Half Dome rock face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite does not appear at risk from the fire, which was moving south, away from the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Olga Rodriguez reported from San Francisco.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"order": 3
},
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},
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
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},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"order": 10
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"city-arts": {
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
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},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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