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"disqusTitle": "CPUC Probe Says PG&E Mistakes Led to Benicia Refinery Outage",
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"content": "\u003cp>State regulators say that PG&E's inadequate training of operations personnel and its slow response to the failure of an electrical component led to a power outage at a Benicia oil refinery last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 18-minute power failure early the morning of May 5, 2017, disrupted operations at the Valero refinery, triggered a major release of toxic sulfur dioxide and prompted emergency shelter-in-place orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fallout from the incident has included several government \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11450295/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investigations\u003c/a>, a brief increase in gas prices, a push for Benicia to impose its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675407/in-wake-of-valero-refinery-incident-benicia-weighs-whether-to-pursue-safety-ordinance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">oversight\u003c/a> of the refinery and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11541168/valero-sues-pge-for-reckless-outage-at-benicia-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit\u003c/a> filed by Valero against PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E says it rejects the conclusions of the California Public Utilities Commission investigation into the outage and maintains that the oil company is responsible for the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4613939/CPUC-PGE-Valero-Investigative-Report\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CPUC investigative report\u003c/a>, completed in April and released to KQED after a California Public Records Act request, lays out the events that began the day before the power failure. The document also outlines the complex way the Valero refinery is tied into PG&E's electrical network -- and how workers' misunderstanding of the connection led to the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says the sequence of events that led to the outage began May 4, with a transformer failure at a substation adjacent to the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC report says that the PG&E operator who detected the problem reviewed company diagrams and documents and concluded the transformer issue would not affect a safety system designed to protect the refinery if it's disconnected from the utility's electrical network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The safety system is necessary because the refinery generates part of the electricity it needs from an on-site power plant. The system, known as \"anti-islanding\" protection, is designed to prevent electricity from flowing out of the refinery. The protection scheme is designed to kick in if both of the major PG&E transmission lines to the utility's Benicia substation suffer major problems or are taken offline simultaneously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early the morning of May 5, the CPUC report says, PG&E operators at the substation de-energized one of the transmission lines as the first step in a long-planned maintenance operation. Cutting power to the transmission line, along with the previously discovered transformer failure, activated the anti-islanding system. Power to the entire Valero facility went down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC investigation incorporates findings from Exponent, an engineering firm PG&E hired to analyze the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exponent found that the PG&E operator who first noticed the transformer failure did not understand that it could play a part in triggering the anti-islanding system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineering firm noted that the PG&E's document describing the system \"is perceived by operators to be unclear on conditions necessary to activate the scheme, the instrumentation equipment ... that the scheme depends on\" and other key information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exponent recommended a series of safety measures -- including improved training and maintenance procedures and the use of warning devices to alert operators of potential problems with the anti-islanding system -- to prevent future incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC's investigation concluded that PG&E violated a state regulation that requires electrical substations to be operated and maintained safely and in a manner to provide adequate service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to failing to maintain the transformer involved in the incident, the CPUC said,\"PG&E did not provide adequate training, documents, or diagrams for its operators to fully understand the anti-islanding protection scheme. If the ... substation operators had sufficient training and documentation on the anti-islanding protection scheme, they would have properly identified and resolved the failed (transformer issue) and prevented the incident from occurring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, PG&E spokeswoman Deanna Contreras reiterated the company's earlier apologies for the outage, but said it does not agree withthe CPUC's findings. The utility has maintained the electrical failure was Valero's fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E denies the CPUC's specific allegations that we failed to maintain a type of transformer for its intended use and that we failed to provide adequate training, documents or diagrams to operators,\" Contreras said in an emailed statement. \"Additionally, PG&E maintains that the responsibility for the unplanned refinery shutdown rests with Valero.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two previous probes, by Solano County and state workplace regulators, cleared Valero of wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contreras added that PG&E is adopting Exponent's safety recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Weissman, a lecturer at UC Berkeley's Goldman School of Public Policy and a former CPUC administrative law judge, said the company should aggressively implement those measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's going to want to be responsive to this,\" Weissman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Valero spokeswoman declined to comment on the CPUC report, citing its pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But earlier this week, a Valero executive told the Benicia City Council that the refinery and PG&E are working out new rules aimed at preventing a repeat of the 2017 incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to limit the number of times PG&E is sticking a screwdriver into the wires that supply our refinery,” Rich Walsh, vice president of Valero’s regulatory and environmental law programs, told council members on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new protocols would require PG&E crews to consolidate their maintenance work on the electricity lines that serve the refinery into shorter time periods and allow Valero to inspect PG&E equipment before those jobs, among other changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the CPUC report \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4613939/CPUC-PGE-Valero-Investigative-Report.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a> and below.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4613939-CPUC-PGE-Valero-Investigative-Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "State regulators say training and maintenance issues led to power failure at Valero's North Bay refinery -- an incident that triggered a major release of toxic sulfur dioxide. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State regulators say that PG&E's inadequate training of operations personnel and its slow response to the failure of an electrical component led to a power outage at a Benicia oil refinery last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 18-minute power failure early the morning of May 5, 2017, disrupted operations at the Valero refinery, triggered a major release of toxic sulfur dioxide and prompted emergency shelter-in-place orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fallout from the incident has included several government \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11450295/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">investigations\u003c/a>, a brief increase in gas prices, a push for Benicia to impose its own \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11675407/in-wake-of-valero-refinery-incident-benicia-weighs-whether-to-pursue-safety-ordinance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">oversight\u003c/a> of the refinery and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11541168/valero-sues-pge-for-reckless-outage-at-benicia-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit\u003c/a> filed by Valero against PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E says it rejects the conclusions of the California Public Utilities Commission investigation into the outage and maintains that the oil company is responsible for the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4613939/CPUC-PGE-Valero-Investigative-Report\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">CPUC investigative report\u003c/a>, completed in April and released to KQED after a California Public Records Act request, lays out the events that began the day before the power failure. The document also outlines the complex way the Valero refinery is tied into PG&E's electrical network -- and how workers' misunderstanding of the connection led to the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report says the sequence of events that led to the outage began May 4, with a transformer failure at a substation adjacent to the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC report says that the PG&E operator who detected the problem reviewed company diagrams and documents and concluded the transformer issue would not affect a safety system designed to protect the refinery if it's disconnected from the utility's electrical network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The safety system is necessary because the refinery generates part of the electricity it needs from an on-site power plant. The system, known as \"anti-islanding\" protection, is designed to prevent electricity from flowing out of the refinery. The protection scheme is designed to kick in if both of the major PG&E transmission lines to the utility's Benicia substation suffer major problems or are taken offline simultaneously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early the morning of May 5, the CPUC report says, PG&E operators at the substation de-energized one of the transmission lines as the first step in a long-planned maintenance operation. Cutting power to the transmission line, along with the previously discovered transformer failure, activated the anti-islanding system. Power to the entire Valero facility went down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC investigation incorporates findings from Exponent, an engineering firm PG&E hired to analyze the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exponent found that the PG&E operator who first noticed the transformer failure did not understand that it could play a part in triggering the anti-islanding system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The engineering firm noted that the PG&E's document describing the system \"is perceived by operators to be unclear on conditions necessary to activate the scheme, the instrumentation equipment ... that the scheme depends on\" and other key information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exponent recommended a series of safety measures -- including improved training and maintenance procedures and the use of warning devices to alert operators of potential problems with the anti-islanding system -- to prevent future incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CPUC's investigation concluded that PG&E violated a state regulation that requires electrical substations to be operated and maintained safely and in a manner to provide adequate service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to failing to maintain the transformer involved in the incident, the CPUC said,\"PG&E did not provide adequate training, documents, or diagrams for its operators to fully understand the anti-islanding protection scheme. If the ... substation operators had sufficient training and documentation on the anti-islanding protection scheme, they would have properly identified and resolved the failed (transformer issue) and prevented the incident from occurring.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, PG&E spokeswoman Deanna Contreras reiterated the company's earlier apologies for the outage, but said it does not agree withthe CPUC's findings. The utility has maintained the electrical failure was Valero's fault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"PG&E denies the CPUC's specific allegations that we failed to maintain a type of transformer for its intended use and that we failed to provide adequate training, documents or diagrams to operators,\" Contreras said in an emailed statement. \"Additionally, PG&E maintains that the responsibility for the unplanned refinery shutdown rests with Valero.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two previous probes, by Solano County and state workplace regulators, cleared Valero of wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contreras added that PG&E is adopting Exponent's safety recommendations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steven Weissman, a lecturer at UC Berkeley's Goldman School of Public Policy and a former CPUC administrative law judge, said the company should aggressively implement those measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's going to want to be responsive to this,\" Weissman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Valero spokeswoman declined to comment on the CPUC report, citing its pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But earlier this week, a Valero executive told the Benicia City Council that the refinery and PG&E are working out new rules aimed at preventing a repeat of the 2017 incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to limit the number of times PG&E is sticking a screwdriver into the wires that supply our refinery,” Rich Walsh, vice president of Valero’s regulatory and environmental law programs, told council members on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new protocols would require PG&E crews to consolidate their maintenance work on the electricity lines that serve the refinery into shorter time periods and allow Valero to inspect PG&E equipment before those jobs, among other changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the CPUC report \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/4613939/CPUC-PGE-Valero-Investigative-Report.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a> and below.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The industry association that represents San Francisco’s landlords is backing a new Board of Supervisors proposal that would give city inspectors the power to force scofflaw property owners to install or upgrade fire alarm and sprinkler systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Hillary Ronen on Tuesday unveiled a set of measures that would allow the city’s Fire and Building Inspection departments to order landlords who have failed to correct two or more safety violations to retrofit their buildings with sprinklers and alarms or improve existing systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal would bar landlords from raising rent to pay for the improvements. Property owners who fail to comply would be fined up to $1,000 a day in civil penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to require you to make your building safe, and that’s going to be an expensive endeavor,” Ronen said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronen’s proposal comes after a series of major fires — including two fatal blazes — that displaced more than 200 residents in the Mission District, an area she represents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike other proposals drafted in response to the fires, the largest of which occurred between January 2015 and June 2016, Ronen’s measure has support from both tenant rights groups and the San Francisco Apartment Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Supervisor Ronen’s proposal is severe — installing sprinkler systems in existing buildings is extremely costly — but it appropriately targets bad actors and will only impact buildings with a history of severe violations,” said Charley Goss, a spokesman for the apartment association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the ordinance will improve the safety and living conditions for residents in some of San Francisco’s most vulnerable and at-risk buildings, while building owners who maintain their buildings in good faith will not be impacted by the proposal,” Goss said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tenderloin Housing Clinic Director Randy Shaw, who has criticized the city for moving too slowly in responding to fire safety concerns, said the proposal is a step in the right direction. But he said the city needs to go further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still think the city needs to begin a process of requiring sprinklers in apartments, especially wood-frame apartments of a certain age,” Shaw said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More tenants have been displaced by apartment fires than by earthquakes, yet instead of sprinklers, San Francisco requires soft-story seismic upgrades that are expensive for owners and tenants alike,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After fatal fires in early 2015, Shaw and other tenant activists called on the city to require older apartment buildings to be retrofitted with sprinklers, systems newer buildings are already required to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three people died in two of the worst blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One man died when fire swept through a three-story commercial/residential building at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10432602/source-exits-blocked-in-fatal-mission-district-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mission and 22nd streets\u003c/a>. The structure did not have sprinklers on two floors and at least two of its exits were blocked at the time of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second-floor apartment where two people died in a fire, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10879002/no-smoke-detectors-in-mission-district-apartment-where-fire-killed-two\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Treat Avenue and 24th Street\u003c/a>, lacked smoke detectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those fires led to the creation of a task force that included top officials from four city departments. Months later the group issued a set of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10750904/after-fatal-blazes-s-f-fire-safety-panel-seeks-improved-alarm-systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recommendations\u003c/a> to amend San Francisco’s fire and housing codes and to require improvements for fire alarm systems in older apartment buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recommendations became the basis for legislation by Ronen’s predecessor on the Board of Supervisors, David Campos, which eventually became law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neither the task force nor Campos \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10939970/s-f-tenant-advocate-says-city-needs-to-add-sprinklers-to-fire-safety-initiative\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took action on requiring sprinklers\u003c/a> — despite Fire Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10493361/fires-prompt-sf-city-hall-to-consider-ways-to-increase-sprinklers-in-older-buildings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">data\u003c/a> that showed how effective the systems have been in preventing deadly fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronen acknowledges that the city has not moved quickly to adopt safety improvements that seemed urgent immediately after the major fires of 2015-16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the pace has been slow,” Ronen said. “We were looking at more drastic reforms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While tenant advocates initially pressed for installing sprinkler systems in all of the city’s older apartment buildings, landlords fought back, arguing that the retrofits would be too expensive and could lead to displacing residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11179855/s-f-could-require-some-older-apartment-buildings-to-get-sprinklers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">late 2016 report\u003c/a> by the Board of Supervisors’ budget and legislative analyst said the city should consider requiring some older buildings to be “sprinkled” — but also pointed out how expensive that work could be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronen views her measure as a compromise, but it’s unclear how many buildings it would apply to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Fire Department, about 500 commercial and residential buildings currently have fire safety violations that have not been corrected. The new proposal would focus only on residential buildings that have at least three units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Either way, fire and building officials say Ronen’s proposal would give them a potentially powerful new enforcement tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The proposed legislation is designed to better protect the health and safety of the residents of San Francisco,” Fire Department spokesman Lt. Jonathan Baxter said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will support any legislation to protect the life and safety of the public,” said Tom Hui, the director of the Department of Building Inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, owners of residential buildings who do not correct safety violations can be subject to an agency hearing and face legal action by the city attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The industry association that represents San Francisco’s landlords is backing a new Board of Supervisors proposal that would give city inspectors the power to force scofflaw property owners to install or upgrade fire alarm and sprinkler systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Hillary Ronen on Tuesday unveiled a set of measures that would allow the city’s Fire and Building Inspection departments to order landlords who have failed to correct two or more safety violations to retrofit their buildings with sprinklers and alarms or improve existing systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal would bar landlords from raising rent to pay for the improvements. Property owners who fail to comply would be fined up to $1,000 a day in civil penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to require you to make your building safe, and that’s going to be an expensive endeavor,” Ronen said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronen’s proposal comes after a series of major fires — including two fatal blazes — that displaced more than 200 residents in the Mission District, an area she represents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike other proposals drafted in response to the fires, the largest of which occurred between January 2015 and June 2016, Ronen’s measure has support from both tenant rights groups and the San Francisco Apartment Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Supervisor Ronen’s proposal is severe — installing sprinkler systems in existing buildings is extremely costly — but it appropriately targets bad actors and will only impact buildings with a history of severe violations,” said Charley Goss, a spokesman for the apartment association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the ordinance will improve the safety and living conditions for residents in some of San Francisco’s most vulnerable and at-risk buildings, while building owners who maintain their buildings in good faith will not be impacted by the proposal,” Goss said in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tenderloin Housing Clinic Director Randy Shaw, who has criticized the city for moving too slowly in responding to fire safety concerns, said the proposal is a step in the right direction. But he said the city needs to go further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still think the city needs to begin a process of requiring sprinklers in apartments, especially wood-frame apartments of a certain age,” Shaw said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“More tenants have been displaced by apartment fires than by earthquakes, yet instead of sprinklers, San Francisco requires soft-story seismic upgrades that are expensive for owners and tenants alike,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After fatal fires in early 2015, Shaw and other tenant activists called on the city to require older apartment buildings to be retrofitted with sprinklers, systems newer buildings are already required to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three people died in two of the worst blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One man died when fire swept through a three-story commercial/residential building at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10432602/source-exits-blocked-in-fatal-mission-district-fire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mission and 22nd streets\u003c/a>. The structure did not have sprinklers on two floors and at least two of its exits were blocked at the time of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A second-floor apartment where two people died in a fire, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10879002/no-smoke-detectors-in-mission-district-apartment-where-fire-killed-two\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Treat Avenue and 24th Street\u003c/a>, lacked smoke detectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those fires led to the creation of a task force that included top officials from four city departments. Months later the group issued a set of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10750904/after-fatal-blazes-s-f-fire-safety-panel-seeks-improved-alarm-systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recommendations\u003c/a> to amend San Francisco’s fire and housing codes and to require improvements for fire alarm systems in older apartment buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recommendations became the basis for legislation by Ronen’s predecessor on the Board of Supervisors, David Campos, which eventually became law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But neither the task force nor Campos \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10939970/s-f-tenant-advocate-says-city-needs-to-add-sprinklers-to-fire-safety-initiative\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took action on requiring sprinklers\u003c/a> — despite Fire Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10493361/fires-prompt-sf-city-hall-to-consider-ways-to-increase-sprinklers-in-older-buildings\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">data\u003c/a> that showed how effective the systems have been in preventing deadly fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronen acknowledges that the city has not moved quickly to adopt safety improvements that seemed urgent immediately after the major fires of 2015-16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the pace has been slow,” Ronen said. “We were looking at more drastic reforms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While tenant advocates initially pressed for installing sprinkler systems in all of the city’s older apartment buildings, landlords fought back, arguing that the retrofits would be too expensive and could lead to displacing residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11179855/s-f-could-require-some-older-apartment-buildings-to-get-sprinklers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">late 2016 report\u003c/a> by the Board of Supervisors’ budget and legislative analyst said the city should consider requiring some older buildings to be “sprinkled” — but also pointed out how expensive that work could be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ronen views her measure as a compromise, but it’s unclear how many buildings it would apply to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Fire Department, about 500 commercial and residential buildings currently have fire safety violations that have not been corrected. The new proposal would focus only on residential buildings that have at least three units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Either way, fire and building officials say Ronen’s proposal would give them a potentially powerful new enforcement tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The proposed legislation is designed to better protect the health and safety of the residents of San Francisco,” Fire Department spokesman Lt. Jonathan Baxter said in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will support any legislation to protect the life and safety of the public,” said Tom Hui, the director of the Department of Building Inspection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, owners of residential buildings who do not correct safety violations can be subject to an agency hearing and face legal action by the city attorney’s office.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Wildfire Smoke Continues to Impact Health, Travel in and Around Yosemite",
"title": "Wildfire Smoke Continues to Impact Health, Travel in and Around Yosemite",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hot and dry conditions are hindering efforts to slow the growth of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680696/wildfire-near-yosemite-quadruples-in-size-brings-smoky-conditions-to-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deadly wildfire\u003c/a> burning near Yosemite National Park, and some tourists are cutting their trips to the park short as smoke fills the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Forest Service said Tuesday that the \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5927/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ferguson Fire\u003c/a> — which ignited late Friday evening in the Sierra National Forest — has scorched more than 12,000 acres of dry brush and timber. The fire was just 5 percent contained as of Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680746/cal-osha-launches-investigation-into-firefighter-death-near-yosemite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fire killed\u003c/a> 36-year-old heavy equipment operator Braden Varney when his bulldozer overturned on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park officials say all trails and campgrounds in the park remain open, but are warning people to take precautions due to poor air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The smoky conditions have much of Yosemite Valley — a popular tourist destination — clouded in haze, and poor views of some of the park's biggest attractions have tourists cutting their trips short or questioning whether they should even make the trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Pineda_9/status/1018944657546403840\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/JerryAppling/status/1019267323172085760\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graduate student Paul Schlesinger said the smoke-filled air forced him and his friends to change their plans to hike up to Glacier Point, which offers sweeping views of Yosemite. Schlesinger said he went on a less strenuous hike instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wanted to hike near Glacier Point, but smoke was really bad with ashfall. Decided to go to Mariposa Grove instead,\" he said on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze has also forced the closure of a key route into the park at the peak of tourist season. A portion of Highway 140 has been closed since the weekend, and officials are advising all visitors to use alternate routes into the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680995\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680995\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of El Capitan just after noon on Tuesday, July 17, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680993\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-520x293.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Yosemite Falls just after noon on Tuesday, July 17, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The poor air quality caused by the blaze prompted air pollution officials in the San Joaquin Valley on Sunday to issue a health caution for Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, Fresno, and Tulare counties that will remain in effect throughout the duration of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ValleyAir/status/1018669888007573504\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Residents in those areas really need to use caution and see if they are smelling smoke or seeing it in their immediate vicinity, and be aware of that, so that they might want to stay indoors,\" said Anthony Presto, a spokesman for the San Joaquin Valley Air Quality Control District said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials expect that air quality could worsen as the wildfire continues to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are expecting in the later part of this week that we could get quite a bit of an impact in the counties of Merced, Madera, Fresno and Tulare,\" Presto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A community meeting is planned for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CALFIREMMU/status/1019024030827888645\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/a> at Wasuma Elementary School in Ahwahnee, and another is scheduled for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CALFIREMMU/status/1019293471251677184\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4 p.m. on Wednesday\u003c/a> at the El Portal Community Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Hope McKenney contributed to this story, which contains reporting from the Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hot and dry conditions are hindering efforts to slow the growth of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680696/wildfire-near-yosemite-quadruples-in-size-brings-smoky-conditions-to-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">deadly wildfire\u003c/a> burning near Yosemite National Park, and some tourists are cutting their trips to the park short as smoke fills the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Forest Service said Tuesday that the \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5927/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ferguson Fire\u003c/a> — which ignited late Friday evening in the Sierra National Forest — has scorched more than 12,000 acres of dry brush and timber. The fire was just 5 percent contained as of Tuesday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680746/cal-osha-launches-investigation-into-firefighter-death-near-yosemite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fire killed\u003c/a> 36-year-old heavy equipment operator Braden Varney when his bulldozer overturned on Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park officials say all trails and campgrounds in the park remain open, but are warning people to take precautions due to poor air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The smoky conditions have much of Yosemite Valley — a popular tourist destination — clouded in haze, and poor views of some of the park's biggest attractions have tourists cutting their trips short or questioning whether they should even make the trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Graduate student Paul Schlesinger said the smoke-filled air forced him and his friends to change their plans to hike up to Glacier Point, which offers sweeping views of Yosemite. Schlesinger said he went on a less strenuous hike instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Wanted to hike near Glacier Point, but smoke was really bad with ashfall. Decided to go to Mariposa Grove instead,\" he said on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze has also forced the closure of a key route into the park at the peak of tourist season. A portion of Highway 140 has been closed since the weekend, and officials are advising all visitors to use alternate routes into the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680995\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680995\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan-520x390.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/el-capitan.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of El Capitan just after noon on Tuesday, July 17, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680993\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-1200x675.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls-520x293.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/yosfalls.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Yosemite Falls just after noon on Tuesday, July 17, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The poor air quality caused by the blaze prompted air pollution officials in the San Joaquin Valley on Sunday to issue a health caution for Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, Fresno, and Tulare counties that will remain in effect throughout the duration of the fire.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\"Residents in those areas really need to use caution and see if they are smelling smoke or seeing it in their immediate vicinity, and be aware of that, so that they might want to stay indoors,\" said Anthony Presto, a spokesman for the San Joaquin Valley Air Quality Control District said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials expect that air quality could worsen as the wildfire continues to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are expecting in the later part of this week that we could get quite a bit of an impact in the counties of Merced, Madera, Fresno and Tulare,\" Presto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A community meeting is planned for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CALFIREMMU/status/1019024030827888645\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">6 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/a> at Wasuma Elementary School in Ahwahnee, and another is scheduled for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CALFIREMMU/status/1019293471251677184\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4 p.m. on Wednesday\u003c/a> at the El Portal Community Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Hope McKenney contributed to this story, which contains reporting from the Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Asked this spring to identify the most important issue facing California lawmakers, the leader of the state Senate didn’t hesitate: wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two months later — with fires blazing from the Oregon border to San Diego — legislators are poised to wade into a political firestorm sparked by last year’s historic fires and mudslides, which destroyed about 10,000 buildings and killed at least 66 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest fight will be over liability — who pays for billions of dollars of damages from the loss of so many homes, businesses and lives? Expect another battle over how much utilities like Pacific Gas & Electric can pass liability costs onto their customers — and whether the state should step in to help. The backdrop for the drama: The \u003ca href=\"https://climatefeedback.org/discussion-experts-california-wildfire-links-climate-change/\">scientific expectation\u003c/a> that hotter, drier conditions brought on by climate change make it likely that California will suffer more large, intense fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this will play out in the Capitol in a special committee \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2018/07/02/governor-brown-and-legislative-leaders-issue-statement-on-formation-of-wildfire-preparedness-and-response-conference-committee/\">formed\u003c/a> to create new laws aimed at preventing wildfires and improving the response to them. The committee has just a few weeks to figure it out because lawmakers are on summer recess for the rest of July and the legislative session ends on Aug. 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest groups with huge clout are gearing up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side are power companies that supply electricity to Californians and campaign cash to politicians. Their allies include an influential union representing electrical workers, and some environmentalists who see utilities as key players in California’s fight against climate change. On the other side stand different moneyed interests and political juice: insurance companies, plaintiffs’ lawyers and a coalition of fire victims that includes local governments and well-to-do homeowners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if it wasn’t contentious, it’s just complicated,” said Sen. Bill Dodd, a Napa Democrat who represents thousands of victims of last year’s Wine Country fires and is a co-chair of the new committee. “There are so many potential winners and losers depending on what decisions are made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927059/pge-customers-to-foot-the-bill-for-wine-country-fire-costs-under-revised-bill\">PG&E Customers to Foot the Bill for Wine Country Fire Costs, Under Revised Bill\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927059/pge-customers-to-foot-the-bill-for-wine-country-fire-costs-under-revised-bill\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-873788996-1-1180x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown and legislative leaders have vowed they won’t retroactively change liability laws for the 2017 fires, which caused damages that will likely top $10 billion. But lawmakers will discuss changing liability laws to limit the financial burden on utilities in the future, when the next wildfires ignite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key issue is a legal doctrine called “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/PG-E-could-pay-dearly-if-its-wires-caused-fires-12315908.php?t=91a5c0f053\">inverse condemnation\u003c/a>,” a fancy way of saying “with great power comes great responsibility.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courts have ruled that the state Constitution gives utilities eminent domain rights — the \u003cem>power \u003c/em>to take private land for public use. Subsequent \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/ca-court-of-appeal/1223894.html\">rulings\u003c/a> determined that utilities bear the associated \u003cem>responsibility\u003c/em> in the form of strict liability. Under inverse condemnation, utilities are liable for any wildfire damage traced to their equipment — even if they were not negligent in maintaining it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E and other utilities are \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-utilities-want-customers-to-help-pay-wildfire-damages-will-politicians-oblige/\">pushing to change\u003c/a> inverse condemnation, arguing that it — combined with regulators’ decision barring San Diego Gas & Electric from passing liability costs on to customers following a 2007 wildfire — could cripple them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without reform, the application of inverse condemnation directly threatens our shared energy future and the financial viability of California’s utilities that could unjustly face billions of dollars in liability without any ability to spread these costs across customers — irrespective of whether they are at fault for these wildfires,” said a statement from PG&E spokesman James Noonan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8413929-181/cal-fire-pge-equipment-caused?sba=AAS\">investigations allege\u003c/a> that PG&E’s equipment was involved in 16 of last year’s fires, and that in 11 of those the company violated state codes that require keeping trees and shrubs away from power lines. The company says it met the state’s standards. Investigators have not yet determined the cause of the Tubbs Fire, the deadliest of last year’s blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673398/cal-fire-release-cause-of-a-dozen-more-october-fires-nearly-all-connected-to-pge\">Cal Fire Releases Cause of a Dozen More October Fires: Nearly All Tied to PG&E\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673398/cal-fire-release-cause-of-a-dozen-more-october-fires-nearly-all-connected-to-pge\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/GettyImages-861017202-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The utilities argue that climate change contributes to wildfires, and that liability rules should reflect a “new normal” that involves greater risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we are operating the system and we’ve done everything we can and yet the environment around us causes a problem that leads to a large disastrous fire, the (legal) structure needs to be modernized to reflect today’s new challenges,” said Eugene Mitchell, vice president of San Diego Gas & Electric, which is widely praised for making its power system safer after the 2007 fire by replacing wood poles with steel and creating a high-tech weather center that tracks conditions before fires erupt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurance companies and fire victims want to keep the inverse condemnation law — seeing the enormous liability it creates as an incentive for utilities to do everything possible to make the electrical system safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to maintain some type of liability so that you continue to have responsible parties,” said Mark Sektnan, vice president of the Property Casualty Insurers Association of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently insurers pay their policy-holders after a disaster, then turn to utilities for reimbursement. Without that, insurers would likely charge homeowners more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other issues lawmakers will likely debate include how to strengthen the electrical system to prevent future fires and how much utilities can spread liability costs onto customers. A \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB33\">new bill\u003c/a> proposed by Democratic Assemblyman Bill Quirk of Hayward would allow PG&E to access state-authorized bonds to pay off damages from last year’s fires. PG&E customers would pay off the debt, though at a lower rate than if PG&E had to borrow from another source, the bill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One way or another, ratepayers are going to be part of the solution and it’s just a matter of what’s the venue: bankruptcy court or the state Legislature?” said Scott Wetch, a lobbyist for the electrical workers union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though raising rates for customers is politically unpopular, Wetch says it’s no different than how other businesses handle disaster — whether it’s an unexpected freeze that causes vegetable prices to rise, or an explosion at an oil refinery that triggers a jump in prices at the pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680973\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"PG&E workers work to repair power lines in the Coffey Park neighborhood following the devastation caused by the Tubbs Fire on October 13, 2017 in Santa Rosa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680973\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E workers work to repair power lines in the Coffey Park neighborhood following the devastation caused by the Tubbs Fire on October 13, 2017 in Santa Rosa. \u003ccite>(Elijah Nouvelage/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Issuing bonds to PG&E would amount to a bailout, said Patrick McCallum, a lobbyist whose Santa Rosa home burned down in October. He has since become a leading voice advocating in the Capitol on behalf of fire victims. But he said his group would not oppose the legislation if lawmakers prioritize a new fire prevention strategy and maintain inverse condemnation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doubts about whether California will change the liability law caused Standard & Poors to downgrade its rating outlook for two of the state’s utilities this week: “Time is of the essence because the 2018 legislative session ends in just under eight weeks and wildfires continue to rapidly and actively spread throughout California,” said the July 9 report by S&P Global Ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lower credit ratings make it more expensive for utilities to borrow money that allows them to build clean-energy projects such as charging stations for electric cars and battery storage for solar power — items lawmakers and Brown have prioritized in California’s fight against global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The utilities have financed a big part of the climate change agenda we’ve accomplished,” said environmental lobbyist V. John White. “We can’t have paralysis on building the infrastructure we need to meet our greenhouse gas reduction targets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It adds up to a monumental heap of fallout from recent wildfires. And it explains why Senate leader Toni Atkins, a San Diego Democrat, was so quick to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/event/women-californias-legislature/\">say in May\u003c/a> that the mop-up is the biggest issue facing the Legislature:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This new coined phrase, ‘new normal,’ is really something we’re going to have to grapple with in terms of climate change and what it means for us, and the cost to California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California’s policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "You can expect another battle over how much utilities like PG&E can pass liability costs onto customers -- and whether the state should step in to help.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Asked this spring to identify the most important issue facing California lawmakers, the leader of the state Senate didn’t hesitate: wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two months later — with fires blazing from the Oregon border to San Diego — legislators are poised to wade into a political firestorm sparked by last year’s historic fires and mudslides, which destroyed about 10,000 buildings and killed at least 66 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest fight will be over liability — who pays for billions of dollars of damages from the loss of so many homes, businesses and lives? Expect another battle over how much utilities like Pacific Gas & Electric can pass liability costs onto their customers — and whether the state should step in to help. The backdrop for the drama: The \u003ca href=\"https://climatefeedback.org/discussion-experts-california-wildfire-links-climate-change/\">scientific expectation\u003c/a> that hotter, drier conditions brought on by climate change make it likely that California will suffer more large, intense fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this will play out in the Capitol in a special committee \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2018/07/02/governor-brown-and-legislative-leaders-issue-statement-on-formation-of-wildfire-preparedness-and-response-conference-committee/\">formed\u003c/a> to create new laws aimed at preventing wildfires and improving the response to them. The committee has just a few weeks to figure it out because lawmakers are on summer recess for the rest of July and the legislative session ends on Aug. 31.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest groups with huge clout are gearing up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one side are power companies that supply electricity to Californians and campaign cash to politicians. Their allies include an influential union representing electrical workers, and some environmentalists who see utilities as key players in California’s fight against climate change. On the other side stand different moneyed interests and political juice: insurance companies, plaintiffs’ lawyers and a coalition of fire victims that includes local governments and well-to-do homeowners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if it wasn’t contentious, it’s just complicated,” said Sen. Bill Dodd, a Napa Democrat who represents thousands of victims of last year’s Wine Country fires and is a co-chair of the new committee. “There are so many potential winners and losers depending on what decisions are made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927059/pge-customers-to-foot-the-bill-for-wine-country-fire-costs-under-revised-bill\">PG&E Customers to Foot the Bill for Wine Country Fire Costs, Under Revised Bill\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1927059/pge-customers-to-foot-the-bill-for-wine-country-fire-costs-under-revised-bill\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/07/GettyImages-873788996-1-1180x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown and legislative leaders have vowed they won’t retroactively change liability laws for the 2017 fires, which caused damages that will likely top $10 billion. But lawmakers will discuss changing liability laws to limit the financial burden on utilities in the future, when the next wildfires ignite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key issue is a legal doctrine called “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/PG-E-could-pay-dearly-if-its-wires-caused-fires-12315908.php?t=91a5c0f053\">inverse condemnation\u003c/a>,” a fancy way of saying “with great power comes great responsibility.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Courts have ruled that the state Constitution gives utilities eminent domain rights — the \u003cem>power \u003c/em>to take private land for public use. Subsequent \u003ca href=\"https://caselaw.findlaw.com/ca-court-of-appeal/1223894.html\">rulings\u003c/a> determined that utilities bear the associated \u003cem>responsibility\u003c/em> in the form of strict liability. Under inverse condemnation, utilities are liable for any wildfire damage traced to their equipment — even if they were not negligent in maintaining it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E and other utilities are \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/california-utilities-want-customers-to-help-pay-wildfire-damages-will-politicians-oblige/\">pushing to change\u003c/a> inverse condemnation, arguing that it — combined with regulators’ decision barring San Diego Gas & Electric from passing liability costs on to customers following a 2007 wildfire — could cripple them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without reform, the application of inverse condemnation directly threatens our shared energy future and the financial viability of California’s utilities that could unjustly face billions of dollars in liability without any ability to spread these costs across customers — irrespective of whether they are at fault for these wildfires,” said a statement from PG&E spokesman James Noonan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire \u003ca href=\"http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8413929-181/cal-fire-pge-equipment-caused?sba=AAS\">investigations allege\u003c/a> that PG&E’s equipment was involved in 16 of last year’s fires, and that in 11 of those the company violated state codes that require keeping trees and shrubs away from power lines. The company says it met the state’s standards. Investigators have not yet determined the cause of the Tubbs Fire, the deadliest of last year’s blazes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673398/cal-fire-release-cause-of-a-dozen-more-october-fires-nearly-all-connected-to-pge\">Cal Fire Releases Cause of a Dozen More October Fires: Nearly All Tied to PG&E\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11673398/cal-fire-release-cause-of-a-dozen-more-october-fires-nearly-all-connected-to-pge\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/GettyImages-861017202-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The utilities argue that climate change contributes to wildfires, and that liability rules should reflect a “new normal” that involves greater risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we are operating the system and we’ve done everything we can and yet the environment around us causes a problem that leads to a large disastrous fire, the (legal) structure needs to be modernized to reflect today’s new challenges,” said Eugene Mitchell, vice president of San Diego Gas & Electric, which is widely praised for making its power system safer after the 2007 fire by replacing wood poles with steel and creating a high-tech weather center that tracks conditions before fires erupt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insurance companies and fire victims want to keep the inverse condemnation law — seeing the enormous liability it creates as an incentive for utilities to do everything possible to make the electrical system safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to maintain some type of liability so that you continue to have responsible parties,” said Mark Sektnan, vice president of the Property Casualty Insurers Association of America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently insurers pay their policy-holders after a disaster, then turn to utilities for reimbursement. Without that, insurers would likely charge homeowners more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other issues lawmakers will likely debate include how to strengthen the electrical system to prevent future fires and how much utilities can spread liability costs onto customers. A \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB33\">new bill\u003c/a> proposed by Democratic Assemblyman Bill Quirk of Hayward would allow PG&E to access state-authorized bonds to pay off damages from last year’s fires. PG&E customers would pay off the debt, though at a lower rate than if PG&E had to borrow from another source, the bill says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One way or another, ratepayers are going to be part of the solution and it’s just a matter of what’s the venue: bankruptcy court or the state Legislature?” said Scott Wetch, a lobbyist for the electrical workers union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though raising rates for customers is politically unpopular, Wetch says it’s no different than how other businesses handle disaster — whether it’s an unexpected freeze that causes vegetable prices to rise, or an explosion at an oil refinery that triggers a jump in prices at the pump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680973\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"PG&E workers work to repair power lines in the Coffey Park neighborhood following the devastation caused by the Tubbs Fire on October 13, 2017 in Santa Rosa.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680973\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/PGEWorkers-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E workers work to repair power lines in the Coffey Park neighborhood following the devastation caused by the Tubbs Fire on October 13, 2017 in Santa Rosa. \u003ccite>(Elijah Nouvelage/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Issuing bonds to PG&E would amount to a bailout, said Patrick McCallum, a lobbyist whose Santa Rosa home burned down in October. He has since become a leading voice advocating in the Capitol on behalf of fire victims. But he said his group would not oppose the legislation if lawmakers prioritize a new fire prevention strategy and maintain inverse condemnation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doubts about whether California will change the liability law caused Standard & Poors to downgrade its rating outlook for two of the state’s utilities this week: “Time is of the essence because the 2018 legislative session ends in just under eight weeks and wildfires continue to rapidly and actively spread throughout California,” said the July 9 report by S&P Global Ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lower credit ratings make it more expensive for utilities to borrow money that allows them to build clean-energy projects such as charging stations for electric cars and battery storage for solar power — items lawmakers and Brown have prioritized in California’s fight against global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The utilities have financed a big part of the climate change agenda we’ve accomplished,” said environmental lobbyist V. John White. “We can’t have paralysis on building the infrastructure we need to meet our greenhouse gas reduction targets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It adds up to a monumental heap of fallout from recent wildfires. And it explains why Senate leader Toni Atkins, a San Diego Democrat, was so quick to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/event/women-californias-legislature/\">say in May\u003c/a> that the mop-up is the biggest issue facing the Legislature:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This new coined phrase, ‘new normal,’ is really something we’re going to have to grapple with in terms of climate change and what it means for us, and the cost to California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Cal/OSHA Launches Probe Into Death of Dozer Driver During Yosemite-Area Blaze",
"title": "Cal/OSHA Launches Probe Into Death of Dozer Driver During Yosemite-Area Blaze",
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"content": "\u003cp>California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health has launched an investigation into the death Saturday morning of a firefighter whose bulldozer overturned while fighting a blaze in the Sierra National Forest, west of Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Braden Varney, 36, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680606/firefighter-killed-fighting-blaze-near-yosemite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was killed \u003c/a>fighting the \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5927/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ferguson Fire\u003c/a> after his bulldozer rolled over him while digging a fire line in rugged terrain. Cal/OSHA was notified Saturday of the fatality, according to spokesman Frank Polizzi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire, with the assistance of California Urban Search and Rescue Task Force 5, recovered Varney's body from the accident site Monday afternoon. It had taken days to reach him due to the \"precarious location\" and dangerous conditions of the accident site, Cal Fire Deputy Chief Scott McLean had said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/jersiegel/status/1018964968513736704\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What happens is because of the location of where the incident occurred, it’s impossible to access on foot, so they’re bringing in aircraft to help with that, helicopters,\" Cal Fire spokeswoman Lynne Tolmachoff said before the recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Varney is survived by his wife, Jessica, 5-year-old daughter, Malhea, and 3-year-old son, Nolan, according to a statement released by Gov. Jerry Brown's office. Varney had been employed by Cal Fire for 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His was the second Cal Fire line-of-duty death in seven months. Last December, engineer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11636999/cal-fire-crew-member-killed-as-thomas-fire-continues-to-spread\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cory Iverson died\u003c/a> fighting the Thomas Fire in Southern California. Varney's is the first death of a bulldozer operator in a California wildfire since private contractor Robert Reagan \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11042061/cal-fire-probe-details-death-of-dozer-driver-in-big-sur-blaze\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was killed in a rollover accident\u003c/a> during the 2016 Soberanes Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forest Service spokesman Alex Olow said Sunday that Varney's death has been weighing heavily on firefighters working to contain the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That does affect the morale of firefighters,\" Olow said. \"But we also know that we have a job that needs to get done, so we do work together to do that. We'll take the time for mourning when we get the job done, even though it is on the [minds] of everybody as they are out there working.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/CAL_FIRE/status/1018225616443695104\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ferguson Fire began early Friday evening. The blaze has grown to more than 9,200 acres and as of 2 p.m. Monday was only 2 percent contained. About 700 personnel are battling the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680793\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1632px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11680793\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1632\" height=\"1054\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot.png 1632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-160x103.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-800x517.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-1020x659.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-1200x775.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-1180x762.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-960x620.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-240x155.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-375x242.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-520x336.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1632px) 100vw, 1632px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Ferguson Fire infrared map from July 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(Inciweb)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More fire engines were expected to arrive later Monday to try to stop the flames from reaching more than 100 homes and commercial buildings that are under threat, U.S. Forest Service spokesman John DeYoe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mandatory evacuations remain in effect in the communities of Clearing House, Mariposa Pines, Cedar Lodge/Savage’s Trading Post and Sweetwater Ridge. The fire has forced the closure of a segment of Highway 140 about 2 miles east of Midpines to the Cedar Lodge area. Motorists are being advised to find alternative routes to their destinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evacuation advisories (not an evacuation order) have been issued by the Forest Service in the following areas:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Lush Meadows Community\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ponderosa Basin community\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Triangle Road from Jerseydale Road to Highway 49 South, including all side roads\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Darrah Road from Triangle to Sherrod Road\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>East side of Highway 49S from Darrah Road to Harris Cut Off Road -- This includes Boyer Road, Woodland Area, Wass Road and Tip Top Road\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>High temperatures near 95 degrees and steep, inaccessible terrain have prevented fire crews from getting quick containment of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smoke from the fire has also led to unhealthy levels of particulate matter near Yosemite National Park, and people with heart or lung disease, the elderly and children are advised against prolonged exertion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Red Cross has established a shelter at the New Life Christian Fellowship in Mariposa at 5089 Cole Rd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler, Jeremy Siegel, Ted Goldberg and the Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health has launched an investigation into the death Saturday morning of a firefighter whose bulldozer overturned while fighting a blaze in the Sierra National Forest, west of Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Braden Varney, 36, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680606/firefighter-killed-fighting-blaze-near-yosemite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was killed \u003c/a>fighting the \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5927/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ferguson Fire\u003c/a> after his bulldozer rolled over him while digging a fire line in rugged terrain. Cal/OSHA was notified Saturday of the fatality, according to spokesman Frank Polizzi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire, with the assistance of California Urban Search and Rescue Task Force 5, recovered Varney's body from the accident site Monday afternoon. It had taken days to reach him due to the \"precarious location\" and dangerous conditions of the accident site, Cal Fire Deputy Chief Scott McLean had said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\"What happens is because of the location of where the incident occurred, it’s impossible to access on foot, so they’re bringing in aircraft to help with that, helicopters,\" Cal Fire spokeswoman Lynne Tolmachoff said before the recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Varney is survived by his wife, Jessica, 5-year-old daughter, Malhea, and 3-year-old son, Nolan, according to a statement released by Gov. Jerry Brown's office. Varney had been employed by Cal Fire for 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His was the second Cal Fire line-of-duty death in seven months. Last December, engineer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11636999/cal-fire-crew-member-killed-as-thomas-fire-continues-to-spread\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cory Iverson died\u003c/a> fighting the Thomas Fire in Southern California. Varney's is the first death of a bulldozer operator in a California wildfire since private contractor Robert Reagan \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11042061/cal-fire-probe-details-death-of-dozer-driver-in-big-sur-blaze\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">was killed in a rollover accident\u003c/a> during the 2016 Soberanes Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forest Service spokesman Alex Olow said Sunday that Varney's death has been weighing heavily on firefighters working to contain the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That does affect the morale of firefighters,\" Olow said. \"But we also know that we have a job that needs to get done, so we do work together to do that. We'll take the time for mourning when we get the job done, even though it is on the [minds] of everybody as they are out there working.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The Ferguson Fire began early Friday evening. The blaze has grown to more than 9,200 acres and as of 2 p.m. Monday was only 2 percent contained. About 700 personnel are battling the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680793\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1632px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11680793\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1632\" height=\"1054\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot.png 1632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-160x103.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-800x517.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-1020x659.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-1200x775.png 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-1180x762.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-960x620.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-240x155.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-375x242.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/fergusonfire-screenshot-520x336.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1632px) 100vw, 1632px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Ferguson Fire infrared map from July 16, 2018. \u003ccite>(Inciweb)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More fire engines were expected to arrive later Monday to try to stop the flames from reaching more than 100 homes and commercial buildings that are under threat, U.S. Forest Service spokesman John DeYoe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mandatory evacuations remain in effect in the communities of Clearing House, Mariposa Pines, Cedar Lodge/Savage’s Trading Post and Sweetwater Ridge. The fire has forced the closure of a segment of Highway 140 about 2 miles east of Midpines to the Cedar Lodge area. Motorists are being advised to find alternative routes to their destinations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evacuation advisories (not an evacuation order) have been issued by the Forest Service in the following areas:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Lush Meadows Community\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ponderosa Basin community\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Triangle Road from Jerseydale Road to Highway 49 South, including all side roads\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Darrah Road from Triangle to Sherrod Road\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>East side of Highway 49S from Darrah Road to Harris Cut Off Road -- This includes Boyer Road, Woodland Area, Wass Road and Tip Top Road\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>High temperatures near 95 degrees and steep, inaccessible terrain have prevented fire crews from getting quick containment of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smoke from the fire has also led to unhealthy levels of particulate matter near Yosemite National Park, and people with heart or lung disease, the elderly and children are advised against prolonged exertion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Red Cross has established a shelter at the New Life Christian Fellowship in Mariposa at 5089 Cole Rd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Peter Jon Shuler, Jeremy Siegel, Ted Goldberg and the Associated Press contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "wildfire-near-yosemite-quadruples-in-size-brings-smoky-conditions-to-valley",
"title": "Wildfire Near Yosemite Quadruples in Size, Brings Smoky Conditions to Valley",
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"content": "\u003cp>A deadly wildfire burning in the Sierra National Forest, west of Yosemite National Park, has scorched more than 4,000 acres of dry brush along rugged terrain, and is causing smoky, hazy conditions in Yosemite Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5927/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ferguson Fire\u003c/a>, which ignited late Friday evening, is being fueled by hot conditions and steep terrain, according to fire officials. It was only 2 percent contained as of early Sunday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire is burning in a very steep terrain,” said Sierra National Forest spokesman Alex Olow. “And given that, there is what we call roll out, which causes embers to roll down, which catches areas that haven’t burned yet, and of course they start to burn, which can cause the fire to grow in size.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olow said high temperatures Saturday evening — hovering near 90 degrees Fahrenheit — also contributed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926996/something-else-adding-fuel-to-californias-fire-season-warmer-nights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">difficult conditions overnight\u003c/a>, and those high temperatures remain a concern for firefighters as they continue to battle the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only are they fighting a fire where they’re getting fairly close and experiencing that heat, but they’re also exerting and expending energies in extremely hot weather,” he said. “So safety is always a concern for the firefighters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early Saturday morning, 36-year old Heavy Fire Equipment Operator Braden Varney \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680606/firefighter-killed-fighting-blaze-near-yosemite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">died battling the blaze\u003c/a>, when his bulldozer overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That does affect the morale of firefighters,” Olow said. “But we also know that we have a job that needs to get done, so we do work together to do that. We’ll take the time for mourning when we get the job done, even though it is on the [minds] of everybody as they are out there working.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olow said fire officials are working to make sure no more casualties occur with firefighters keeping an eye on one another at all times while they battle the wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Yosemite National Park officials, a stretch of California Highway 140 into the park remains closed due to the blaze, and they’re urging visitors to find alternate routes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/YosemiteNPS/status/1018214768824315905\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite visitors should expect delays getting into the park due to the California Highway 140 closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had some increased volume of traffic at the other gates because traffic has been rerouted,” said Yosemite National Park spokeswoman Jamie Richards. “It’s July in Yosemite, so traffic is already going to be busy, and with one of our main entrances closed, it’s added to the volume at the other entrances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials shut off electricity to many areas as a safety precaution on Saturday, including Yosemite Valley — a popular area for tourists — forcing key areas in the park to rely on generator power. But park officials said on Sunday that commercial power has been restored to many areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of the Valley is back on commercial power,” Richards said. “There may be places in the park that are still on generators, but Yosemite National Park is prepared for power outages for a variety of reasons, so you didn’t notice any interruption in your day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richards said because the fire has grown, visitors should be aware that there are impacts from smoke in the park. “If you are a visitor in Yosemite Valley, visibility has been impacted by smoke and haze in the air,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680704\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A view of El Capitan in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of El Capitan in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680703\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680703\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-800x593.jpg\" alt=\"A view of Half Dome in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby.\" width=\"800\" height=\"593\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-800x593.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-1020x756.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-1200x889.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-1180x874.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-960x711.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-240x178.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-375x278.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-520x385.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut.jpg 1296w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Half Dome in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Park officials are also warning visitors with health issues to take note of the fire. “If you have any health issues related to smoke or respiratory issues, you may want to think about minimizing your strenuous activities outdoors if you’re in the valley,” Richards said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District on Sunday issued a health cautionary statement for Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, Fresno and Tulare counties due to the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richards said Yosemite officials are giving resources toward the firefighting effort and continue to monitor the situation carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are aware of living in fire country, and we have really highly trained professionals that are ready for the call,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is life in the Sierra Nevada.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated to include the health cautionary statement issued for several counties.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Ferguson Fire has burned 4,000 acres near Yosemite National Park and killed one firefighter.",
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"title": "Wildfire Near Yosemite Quadruples in Size, Brings Smoky Conditions to Valley | KQED",
"description": "The Ferguson Fire has burned 4,000 acres near Yosemite National Park and killed one firefighter.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A deadly wildfire burning in the Sierra National Forest, west of Yosemite National Park, has scorched more than 4,000 acres of dry brush along rugged terrain, and is causing smoky, hazy conditions in Yosemite Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/5927/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ferguson Fire\u003c/a>, which ignited late Friday evening, is being fueled by hot conditions and steep terrain, according to fire officials. It was only 2 percent contained as of early Sunday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire is burning in a very steep terrain,” said Sierra National Forest spokesman Alex Olow. “And given that, there is what we call roll out, which causes embers to roll down, which catches areas that haven’t burned yet, and of course they start to burn, which can cause the fire to grow in size.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olow said high temperatures Saturday evening — hovering near 90 degrees Fahrenheit — also contributed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1926996/something-else-adding-fuel-to-californias-fire-season-warmer-nights\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">difficult conditions overnight\u003c/a>, and those high temperatures remain a concern for firefighters as they continue to battle the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only are they fighting a fire where they’re getting fairly close and experiencing that heat, but they’re also exerting and expending energies in extremely hot weather,” he said. “So safety is always a concern for the firefighters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early Saturday morning, 36-year old Heavy Fire Equipment Operator Braden Varney \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11680606/firefighter-killed-fighting-blaze-near-yosemite\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">died battling the blaze\u003c/a>, when his bulldozer overturned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That does affect the morale of firefighters,” Olow said. “But we also know that we have a job that needs to get done, so we do work together to do that. We’ll take the time for mourning when we get the job done, even though it is on the [minds] of everybody as they are out there working.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Olow said fire officials are working to make sure no more casualties occur with firefighters keeping an eye on one another at all times while they battle the wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Yosemite National Park officials, a stretch of California Highway 140 into the park remains closed due to the blaze, and they’re urging visitors to find alternate routes.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Yosemite visitors should expect delays getting into the park due to the California Highway 140 closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had some increased volume of traffic at the other gates because traffic has been rerouted,” said Yosemite National Park spokeswoman Jamie Richards. “It’s July in Yosemite, so traffic is already going to be busy, and with one of our main entrances closed, it’s added to the volume at the other entrances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials shut off electricity to many areas as a safety precaution on Saturday, including Yosemite Valley — a popular area for tourists — forcing key areas in the park to rely on generator power. But park officials said on Sunday that commercial power has been restored to many areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of the Valley is back on commercial power,” Richards said. “There may be places in the park that are still on generators, but Yosemite National Park is prepared for power outages for a variety of reasons, so you didn’t notice any interruption in your day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richards said because the fire has grown, visitors should be aware that there are impacts from smoke in the park. “If you are a visitor in Yosemite Valley, visibility has been impacted by smoke and haze in the air,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680704\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680704\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A view of El Capitan in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut-520x390.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31804_El-Capitan-Haze-qut.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of El Capitan in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680703\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680703\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-800x593.jpg\" alt=\"A view of Half Dome in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby.\" width=\"800\" height=\"593\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-800x593.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-160x119.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-1020x756.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-1200x889.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-1180x874.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-960x711.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-240x178.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-375x278.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut-520x385.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31803_Real-Half-Dome-Haze-qut.jpg 1296w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Half Dome in Yosemite National Park just after noon on Sunday, July 15, 2018, with haze from the Ferguson Fire burning nearby. \u003ccite>(Yosemite Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Park officials are also warning visitors with health issues to take note of the fire. “If you have any health issues related to smoke or respiratory issues, you may want to think about minimizing your strenuous activities outdoors if you’re in the valley,” Richards said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution Control District on Sunday issued a health cautionary statement for Stanislaus, Merced, Madera, Fresno and Tulare counties due to the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richards said Yosemite officials are giving resources toward the firefighting effort and continue to monitor the situation carefully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are aware of living in fire country, and we have really highly trained professionals that are ready for the call,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is life in the Sierra Nevada.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated to include the health cautionary statement issued for several counties.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "overlooked-pond-could-become-san-leandros-secret-weapon-in-water-pollution-control",
"title": "Overlooked Pond Could Become San Leandro’s Secret Weapon in Water Pollution Control",
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"headTitle": "Overlooked Pond Could Become San Leandro’s Secret Weapon in Water Pollution Control | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This is part of our ongoing series about where taxpayer funds from 2016’s Measure AA to restore the San Francisco Bay are going. Find all the stories \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/measure-aa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parking lot outside of \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanleandro.org/depts/pw/wpcp/about.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Leandro’s Water Pollution Control Plant\u003c/a> has a lingering stench. Its odor partly comes from the average 5 million gallons of wastewater it processes a day and from its neighbor, a trash dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A short walk away from the lot the smell subsides a little at a small patch of wetland. That’s where I met up with plant manager Justin Jenson. He’s showing me another project getting tax money from Measure AA, the “Clean and Healthy Bay” measure passed two years ago. To me, the area just looks like a neglected pond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This used to be a polishing pond,” says Jenson. “That means we used to actually send our treatment plant effluent out here and process it further.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effluent is the treated water that comes out of wastewater facilities. Jenson says, now, this 4.3 acre pond is basically just used as temporary water storage. But it has the potential to be so much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more than $500,000 granted to this project will go toward the design and permitting for the restoration of the pond and to create a treatment wetland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It changes this from what you see right here which is an ugly, old, unused pond into something that’s actually used to produce very, very clean water,” says Jenson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680685\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11680685\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut.jpg 770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-240x226.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-375x353.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-520x490.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The pond is overgrown with algae and has been neglected for years. A broken foot bridge crosses over it. \u003ccite>(San Leandro Water Pollution Control Plant)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The flora in a treatment wetland make the water very, very clean by filtering out additional nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorous, coming out of the wastewater plant. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, too much of these nutrients in a body of water can actually begin to pollute it and cause harmful algae blooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenson says, the state water board has strict regulations regarding cleaned wastewater discharge into the San Francisco Bay and he expects water quality rules to become even tighter in the years to come. He says water treatment alternatives like this project will help the San Leandro plant stay ahead of the curve while also keeping the Bay’s water cleaner and healthier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With more people moving to the Bay Area, there’s more potential for pollution and nutrient build-up in bay,” says Jenson. “We want to make sure that we’re able to meet the water regulations. This pond could be something that helps us weather them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenson hopes this project will become part of a growing network of water treatment wetlands across the Bay Area. Both the Discovery Bay and Oro Loma wastewater treatment plants have already piloted their own treatment wetland program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680687\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680687\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-800x618.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"618\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-800x618.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-1200x927.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-1180x912.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-960x742.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-240x185.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-375x290.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-520x402.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut.jpg 1650w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When finished, the treatment wetland will provide more wildlife habitat and a nicer view for San Francisco Bay Trail hikers. \u003ccite>(San Leandro Water Pollution Control Plant)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "How Measure AA funds will go toward the restoring a pond to create a treatment wetland.",
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"title": "Overlooked Pond Could Become San Leandro’s Secret Weapon in Water Pollution Control | KQED",
"description": "How Measure AA funds will go toward the restoring a pond to create a treatment wetland.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This is part of our ongoing series about where taxpayer funds from 2016’s Measure AA to restore the San Francisco Bay are going. Find all the stories \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/measure-aa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parking lot outside of \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanleandro.org/depts/pw/wpcp/about.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Leandro’s Water Pollution Control Plant\u003c/a> has a lingering stench. Its odor partly comes from the average 5 million gallons of wastewater it processes a day and from its neighbor, a trash dump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A short walk away from the lot the smell subsides a little at a small patch of wetland. That’s where I met up with plant manager Justin Jenson. He’s showing me another project getting tax money from Measure AA, the “Clean and Healthy Bay” measure passed two years ago. To me, the area just looks like a neglected pond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This used to be a polishing pond,” says Jenson. “That means we used to actually send our treatment plant effluent out here and process it further.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Effluent is the treated water that comes out of wastewater facilities. Jenson says, now, this 4.3 acre pond is basically just used as temporary water storage. But it has the potential to be so much more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more than $500,000 granted to this project will go toward the design and permitting for the restoration of the pond and to create a treatment wetland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It changes this from what you see right here which is an ugly, old, unused pond into something that’s actually used to produce very, very clean water,” says Jenson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680685\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11680685\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"770\" height=\"725\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut.jpg 770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-240x226.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-375x353.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31801_San-Leandro-Pond-2-qut-520x490.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 770px) 100vw, 770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The pond is overgrown with algae and has been neglected for years. A broken foot bridge crosses over it. \u003ccite>(San Leandro Water Pollution Control Plant)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The flora in a treatment wetland make the water very, very clean by filtering out additional nutrients, like nitrogen and phosphorous, coming out of the wastewater plant. According to the U.S. Geological Survey, too much of these nutrients in a body of water can actually begin to pollute it and cause harmful algae blooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenson says, the state water board has strict regulations regarding cleaned wastewater discharge into the San Francisco Bay and he expects water quality rules to become even tighter in the years to come. He says water treatment alternatives like this project will help the San Leandro plant stay ahead of the curve while also keeping the Bay’s water cleaner and healthier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With more people moving to the Bay Area, there’s more potential for pollution and nutrient build-up in bay,” says Jenson. “We want to make sure that we’re able to meet the water regulations. This pond could be something that helps us weather them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jenson hopes this project will become part of a growing network of water treatment wetlands across the Bay Area. Both the Discovery Bay and Oro Loma wastewater treatment plants have already piloted their own treatment wetland program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680687\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11680687\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-800x618.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"618\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-800x618.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-160x124.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-1200x927.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-1180x912.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-960x742.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-240x185.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-375x290.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut-520x402.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS31800_fig_3_site_detail-qut.jpg 1650w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">When finished, the treatment wetland will provide more wildlife habitat and a nicer view for San Francisco Bay Trail hikers. \u003ccite>(San Leandro Water Pollution Control Plant)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Land surrounding Burnt Mountain in Vermont will now be a forest reserve and store carbon to help California meet its greenhouse gas reduction goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Nature Conservancy announced on Thursday that 5,400 acres of forested land around Burnt Mountain will be the first Vermont site eligible for California’s regulatory compliance market. Under the program, California businesses are required to reduce most carbon emissions but also can buy credits to offset their remaining emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization estimates that the credits will have an approximate value of $2 million over a 10-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are thinking innovatively about how we can grow our investments in nature,” said Jim Shallow, director of strategic conservation initiatives for The Nature Conservancy in Vermont. “The carbon offset program will allow us to put the power of the market to work to protect forests and fight climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forest is located across five northern Vermont towns. Previously the forest was part of a 26,000-acre holding by the Vermont Land Trust and The Nature Conservancy. In 2016 the two groups began separating the holding into 12 parcels, the majority of which will be working forestland for logging and maple syrup production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Nature Conservancy bought the Vermont Land Trust’s half-interest for the Burnt Mountain forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Burnt Mountain forest is located near state parks, privately owned conserved lands and Vermont’s Long Trail, creating an 11,000-acre parcel on preserved land. The Nature Conservancy plans to keep the site open for non-motorized recreation activities.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Land surrounding Burnt Mountain in Vermont will now be a forest reserve and store carbon to help California meet its greenhouse gas reduction goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Nature Conservancy announced on Thursday that 5,400 acres of forested land around Burnt Mountain will be the first Vermont site eligible for California’s regulatory compliance market. Under the program, California businesses are required to reduce most carbon emissions but also can buy credits to offset their remaining emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization estimates that the credits will have an approximate value of $2 million over a 10-year period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are thinking innovatively about how we can grow our investments in nature,” said Jim Shallow, director of strategic conservation initiatives for The Nature Conservancy in Vermont. “The carbon offset program will allow us to put the power of the market to work to protect forests and fight climate change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The forest is located across five northern Vermont towns. Previously the forest was part of a 26,000-acre holding by the Vermont Land Trust and The Nature Conservancy. In 2016 the two groups began separating the holding into 12 parcels, the majority of which will be working forestland for logging and maple syrup production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "All Wildfires Are Not Alike, But the U.S. is Fighting Them That Way",
"title": "All Wildfires Are Not Alike, But the U.S. is Fighting Them That Way",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation\u003c/a> is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]o far, the 2018 fire season has produced a handful of big fires in California, Nevada, New Mexico and Colorado; conflagrations in Oklahoma and Kansas; and a fire bust in Alaska, along with garden-variety wildfires from Florida to Oregon. Some of those fires are in rural areas, some are in wildlands, and a few are in exurbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in a time of new normals, this looks pretty typical. Fire starts are a little below the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nifc.gov/fireInfo/nfn.htm\">10-year running average\u003c/a>, and the amount of burned area is running above that average. But no one can predict what may happen in the coming months. California thought it had dodged a bullet in 2017, until a swarm of wildfires in late fall \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/why-were-californias-wine-country-fires-so-destructive-86043\">blasted through Napa and Sonoma counties\u003c/a>, followed by the Big One – the Thomas fire, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ktla.com/2018/01/12/thomas-fire-largest-in-modern-california-history-reaches-full-containment-as-santa-barbara-county-remains-mired-in-mud/\">largest on record\u003c/a>, in Ventura and Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every major fire rekindles another round of commentaries about “America’s wildfire problem.” But the fact is that our nation does not have a fire problem. It has many fire problems, and they require different strategies. Some problem fires have technical solutions, some demand cultural calls. All are political.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s one idea: It’s time to rethink firefighting in the geekily labeled \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/openspace/fote/reports/GTR-299.pdf\">wildland-urban interface\u003c/a>, or WUI – zones where human development intermingles with forests, grasslands and other feral vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a dumb name because the boundary is not really an interface but an intermix, in which houses and natural vegetation abut and scramble in an ecological omelet. It’s a dumb problem because we know how to keep houses from burning – but we have had to relearn that in WUI zones, hardening houses and landscaping their communities is the best defense. This is a local task, not a federal one, though the federal agencies have a supporting role and can, and do, help build local capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=04hQxQL6OdM\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Two Fire Cultures\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>America is recolonizing rural landscapes everywhere, and fire in the WUI is one outcome. The concept appeared and received its name in Southern California, but has long since spread throughout the West. Some of the worst WUI risks reside in the southeastern United States, though they have mostly remained latent. Then a deadly blaze like the one that blew through \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/02/us/gatlinburg-fire-pictures-before-after/index.html\">Gatlinburg, Tennessee,\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2016/11/29/dolly-parton-heartbroken-over-fire-destruction-dollywood-spared/94616080/\">fringes of Dollywood\u003c/a> in 2016 reveals the full extent of the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as development has stirred together built and natural landscapes, it also has juxtaposed two immiscible cultures of fire. Urban and wildland fire agencies are as different as fire hydrants and drip torches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mantra of urban fire control is “Learn not to burn.” Every fire is an existential threat to life and property, and the core goal of fire codes is protecting lives. Urban firefighters wear turnout coats, helmets and self-contained breathing apparatus. They pummel fires with water and often operate inside structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QINXcB4_l-g\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For wildlands, the central code is “Learn to live with fire.” Firefighters wear hardhats, carry shovels and \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/burn-pulaski/\">Pulaskis\u003c/a>, and wear bandannas. They work in woods, prairies and chaparral, spray dirt as often as water, and secure perimeters by setting fires to remove flammable vegetation between the flaming front and their control lines. Their great challenge is to restore good fire to biotas that hunger for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The training that each group gets is largely worthless in the other’s setting. There are a few instances of cross-training, particularly in rural areas, but the prime example of a major agency that tries to cope with both types of threats is the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, known as \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/\">Cal Fire\u003c/a>. Its experience shows what fusing these two purposes can mean.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mixing the Missions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire began as the California Department of Forestry, a land management agency, albeit one with serious fire responsibilities. In 1974, under the pressures of postwar development, it became the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. In 2007 it collapsed that mission into Cal Fire, which operates like an urban fire service in the woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades ago, federal fire agencies gave up on suppression as a sole strategy. They recognized that the best way to control fire is to control the landscape, preferably through fire, and that eliminating all fires in places that have grown up with them only creates conditions that make wildfires worse. By contrast, for Cal Fire, the urgency of fires rolling into communities trumps all other tasks. If the last firefight fails, it has to double down for the next one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the WUI is exerting a similar transformation at the national level. It threatens to become a black hole in America’s pyrogeography, drawing federal land agencies – primarily the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/managing-land/fire\">U.S. Forest Service\u003c/a> and the Interior Department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/programs/fire-and-aviation\">Bureau of Land Management\u003c/a> – away from managing fire as a means of managing land, and transforming them into urban fire-service surrogates and auxiliaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These agencies can and do help communities prepare for fires, but they do not have the tools, training or temperament to fight fire on an urban model. Cal Fire’s template is too expensive; moreover, it sucks resources away from managing fire well on the land, so it is too ineffective to serve nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turning the U.S. Forest Service into a National Fire Service may bring some relief to the WUI, but this would undermine the other missions in the agency’s charter, and ultimately weaken its ability to manage landscape fire. Already its fire mission is consuming over 50 percent of the Forest Service’s annual budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680584\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 754px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r.png\" alt=\"In six of the past 10 years, wildfire activities have consumes at least half of the U.S. Forest Service’s annual budget. \" width=\"754\" height=\"341\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11680584\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r.png 754w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-160x72.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-240x109.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-375x170.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-520x235.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In six of the past 10 years, wildfire activities have consumes at least half of the U.S. Forest Service’s annual budget.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(CRS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Urban Enclaves in the Wild\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Research repeatedly shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/27418\">the critical component in the WUI fire environment is the structure itself\u003c/a>. Once a fire strikes the urban fringe it may morph into an urban conflagration, spreading from structure to structure, as happened in Santa Rosa, California, last fall. Clearly, the wildland fire community has to \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/recreating-forests-of-the-past-isnt-enough-to-fix-our-wildfire-problems-59364\">improve fire resilience in its lands\u003c/a>, which should reduce the intensity of the threat. But the real action is in the built environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that so many horrendous fires have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/08/618444388/pg-e-power-lines-blamed-for-northern-california-wildfires\">started from power lines\u003c/a> illustrates how fires mediate between the land and the ways we choose to live on it. Strengthening structures, bolstering urban fire services, treating WUI areas as built environment – this is where we will get the greatest paybacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In effect, we need to pick up the other end of the WUI stick. Think of these areas not as wildlands encumbered by houses, but as urban or exurban enclaves with peculiar landscaping. Defining the issue as fundamentally a wildland problem makes fixes difficult. Defining it as an urban problem makes solutions quickly apparent. The goal should be to segregate the two fire cultures and their habitats, and let each do what it does best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans learned long ago how to keep cities from burning. And then, it seems, we forgot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation\u003c/a>, a publication that features academics writing about their research and ideas for the public. KQED and The Conversation are partners in the California Dream project, a collaboration looking at the Golden State’s promise, whether we are achieving it, and the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A historian of wildfires explains the difference between urban and rural fire cultures, and what it means for protecting communities in fire-prone rural areas.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/stephen-pyne-162878\">Stephen Pyne\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation\u003c/a> is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>o far, the 2018 fire season has produced a handful of big fires in California, Nevada, New Mexico and Colorado; conflagrations in Oklahoma and Kansas; and a fire bust in Alaska, along with garden-variety wildfires from Florida to Oregon. Some of those fires are in rural areas, some are in wildlands, and a few are in exurbs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in a time of new normals, this looks pretty typical. Fire starts are a little below the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nifc.gov/fireInfo/nfn.htm\">10-year running average\u003c/a>, and the amount of burned area is running above that average. But no one can predict what may happen in the coming months. California thought it had dodged a bullet in 2017, until a swarm of wildfires in late fall \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/why-were-californias-wine-country-fires-so-destructive-86043\">blasted through Napa and Sonoma counties\u003c/a>, followed by the Big One – the Thomas fire, California’s \u003ca href=\"https://ktla.com/2018/01/12/thomas-fire-largest-in-modern-california-history-reaches-full-containment-as-santa-barbara-county-remains-mired-in-mud/\">largest on record\u003c/a>, in Ventura and Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every major fire rekindles another round of commentaries about “America’s wildfire problem.” But the fact is that our nation does not have a fire problem. It has many fire problems, and they require different strategies. Some problem fires have technical solutions, some demand cultural calls. All are political.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s one idea: It’s time to rethink firefighting in the geekily labeled \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/openspace/fote/reports/GTR-299.pdf\">wildland-urban interface\u003c/a>, or WUI – zones where human development intermingles with forests, grasslands and other feral vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a dumb name because the boundary is not really an interface but an intermix, in which houses and natural vegetation abut and scramble in an ecological omelet. It’s a dumb problem because we know how to keep houses from burning – but we have had to relearn that in WUI zones, hardening houses and landscaping their communities is the best defense. This is a local task, not a federal one, though the federal agencies have a supporting role and can, and do, help build local capacity.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/04hQxQL6OdM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/04hQxQL6OdM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch2>Two Fire Cultures\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>America is recolonizing rural landscapes everywhere, and fire in the WUI is one outcome. The concept appeared and received its name in Southern California, but has long since spread throughout the West. Some of the worst WUI risks reside in the southeastern United States, though they have mostly remained latent. Then a deadly blaze like the one that blew through \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/02/us/gatlinburg-fire-pictures-before-after/index.html\">Gatlinburg, Tennessee,\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/music/2016/11/29/dolly-parton-heartbroken-over-fire-destruction-dollywood-spared/94616080/\">fringes of Dollywood\u003c/a> in 2016 reveals the full extent of the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just as development has stirred together built and natural landscapes, it also has juxtaposed two immiscible cultures of fire. Urban and wildland fire agencies are as different as fire hydrants and drip torches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mantra of urban fire control is “Learn not to burn.” Every fire is an existential threat to life and property, and the core goal of fire codes is protecting lives. Urban firefighters wear turnout coats, helmets and self-contained breathing apparatus. They pummel fires with water and often operate inside structures.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/QINXcB4_l-g'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/QINXcB4_l-g'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>For wildlands, the central code is “Learn to live with fire.” Firefighters wear hardhats, carry shovels and \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/burn-pulaski/\">Pulaskis\u003c/a>, and wear bandannas. They work in woods, prairies and chaparral, spray dirt as often as water, and secure perimeters by setting fires to remove flammable vegetation between the flaming front and their control lines. Their great challenge is to restore good fire to biotas that hunger for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The training that each group gets is largely worthless in the other’s setting. There are a few instances of cross-training, particularly in rural areas, but the prime example of a major agency that tries to cope with both types of threats is the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, known as \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/\">Cal Fire\u003c/a>. Its experience shows what fusing these two purposes can mean.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Mixing the Missions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire began as the California Department of Forestry, a land management agency, albeit one with serious fire responsibilities. In 1974, under the pressures of postwar development, it became the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. In 2007 it collapsed that mission into Cal Fire, which operates like an urban fire service in the woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Decades ago, federal fire agencies gave up on suppression as a sole strategy. They recognized that the best way to control fire is to control the landscape, preferably through fire, and that eliminating all fires in places that have grown up with them only creates conditions that make wildfires worse. By contrast, for Cal Fire, the urgency of fires rolling into communities trumps all other tasks. If the last firefight fails, it has to double down for the next one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the WUI is exerting a similar transformation at the national level. It threatens to become a black hole in America’s pyrogeography, drawing federal land agencies – primarily the \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.fed.us/managing-land/fire\">U.S. Forest Service\u003c/a> and the Interior Department’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/programs/fire-and-aviation\">Bureau of Land Management\u003c/a> – away from managing fire as a means of managing land, and transforming them into urban fire-service surrogates and auxiliaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These agencies can and do help communities prepare for fires, but they do not have the tools, training or temperament to fight fire on an urban model. Cal Fire’s template is too expensive; moreover, it sucks resources away from managing fire well on the land, so it is too ineffective to serve nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turning the U.S. Forest Service into a National Fire Service may bring some relief to the WUI, but this would undermine the other missions in the agency’s charter, and ultimately weaken its ability to manage landscape fire. Already its fire mission is consuming over 50 percent of the Forest Service’s annual budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11680584\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 754px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r.png\" alt=\"In six of the past 10 years, wildfire activities have consumes at least half of the U.S. Forest Service’s annual budget. \" width=\"754\" height=\"341\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11680584\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r.png 754w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-160x72.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-240x109.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-375x170.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/file-20180430-135837-2tlo9r-520x235.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 754px) 100vw, 754px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In six of the past 10 years, wildfire activities have consumes at least half of the U.S. Forest Service’s annual budget.\u003cbr> \u003ccite>(CRS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Urban Enclaves in the Wild\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Research repeatedly shows that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/27418\">the critical component in the WUI fire environment is the structure itself\u003c/a>. Once a fire strikes the urban fringe it may morph into an urban conflagration, spreading from structure to structure, as happened in Santa Rosa, California, last fall. Clearly, the wildland fire community has to \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/recreating-forests-of-the-past-isnt-enough-to-fix-our-wildfire-problems-59364\">improve fire resilience in its lands\u003c/a>, which should reduce the intensity of the threat. But the real action is in the built environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fact that so many horrendous fires have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/06/08/618444388/pg-e-power-lines-blamed-for-northern-california-wildfires\">started from power lines\u003c/a> illustrates how fires mediate between the land and the ways we choose to live on it. Strengthening structures, bolstering urban fire services, treating WUI areas as built environment – this is where we will get the greatest paybacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In effect, we need to pick up the other end of the WUI stick. Think of these areas not as wildlands encumbered by houses, but as urban or exurban enclaves with peculiar landscaping. Defining the issue as fundamentally a wildland problem makes fixes difficult. Defining it as an urban problem makes solutions quickly apparent. The goal should be to segregate the two fire cultures and their habitats, and let each do what it does best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Americans learned long ago how to keep cities from burning. And then, it seems, we forgot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/us\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation\u003c/a>, a publication that features academics writing about their research and ideas for the public. KQED and The Conversation are partners in the California Dream project, a collaboration looking at the Golden State’s promise, whether we are achieving it, and the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>SANTA CRUZ — A neighborhood group rejected a potential compromise that would have allowed public access to a gated beach popular with surfers and nudists that it charges a fee to use. The group said it’s willing to take the fight to court instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz County officials first allowed the Opal Cliffs Recreation District to manage the beach that leads to a sandy cove in Opal Cliffs Park 69 years ago, and it put up a fence and began charging an entrance fee by 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elected volunteers who run the group have since installed a 9-foot iron fence, hired guards and charge $100 a year to enter so-called Privates Beach near a winding road dotted with multimillion-dollar homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Coastal Commission proposed changes in line with a new state law that asks it to consider not only environmental effects but also the impact of its decisions on underrepresented communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood group on Wednesday withdrew an application for the commission to approve the gate and fee, saying it didn’t agree with commission staffers’ recommendations for free year-round access from one hour before sunrise to one hour after sunset and replacing the gate with a fence no taller than 6 feet, the San Francisco Chronicle reported Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Massara, a lawyer for the group, said it became clear that the application process was an effort to eliminate all the park’s existing permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What coastal staff is proposing is entirely unreasonable, it’s irrational,” Massara \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-opal-cliffs-permit-withdraw-20180711-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">told the Los Angeles Times\u003c/a>. “We’re confident that we’re acting legally and look forward to future discussions with the commission.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regulators can try to force Opal Cliffs to take down the gate and eliminate the fees that they say restrict the public from the famous seacoast. Residents say the fee pays for beach cleanup and maintaining a wooden staircase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the only public beach in California we know of that requires such a fee, which mostly benefits those who live in the immediate area and disproportionately impacts those least able to afford it,” commission spokeswoman Noaki Schwartz said. “We intend to explore all possible options going forward, including seeking enforcement remedies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11651857/beach-v-billionaire\">Beach v. Billionaire\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11651857/beach-v-billionaire\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/khoslafornia_revised_022318_final-1180x1180.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The dispute is one of many waged in California over the public’s right to access the coastline. The brewing legal fight comes as high-powered interests across the state fight to keep beaches to themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silicon Valley billionaire Vinod Khosla wants to restrict people from using a road through his property to get to Martins Beach, near Half Moon Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Massara, who’s a surfer, is part of the legal fight against Khosla.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>SANTA CRUZ — A neighborhood group rejected a potential compromise that would have allowed public access to a gated beach popular with surfers and nudists that it charges a fee to use. The group said it’s willing to take the fight to court instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz County officials first allowed the Opal Cliffs Recreation District to manage the beach that leads to a sandy cove in Opal Cliffs Park 69 years ago, and it put up a fence and began charging an entrance fee by 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elected volunteers who run the group have since installed a 9-foot iron fence, hired guards and charge $100 a year to enter so-called Privates Beach near a winding road dotted with multimillion-dollar homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Coastal Commission proposed changes in line with a new state law that asks it to consider not only environmental effects but also the impact of its decisions on underrepresented communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The neighborhood group on Wednesday withdrew an application for the commission to approve the gate and fee, saying it didn’t agree with commission staffers’ recommendations for free year-round access from one hour before sunrise to one hour after sunset and replacing the gate with a fence no taller than 6 feet, the San Francisco Chronicle reported Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
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