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"content": "\u003cp>PG&E customers would see their rates double nearly overnight if devastating utility-caused wildfires continue to sweep through California as they have the past two years, a UC Berkeley utility expert warned Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just PG&E customers who could face skyrocketing rates. In a two-page memo prepared for Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office, Steven Weissman — a former administrative law judge at the California Public Utilities Commission — said that without “fundamental changes to law or industry structure,” and assuming that wildfires continue at recent levels, the average electricity customer statewide would experience a 50 percent rate hike in the first year alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=”right” citation=\"Steven Weissman, UC Berkeley\"]‘As the utility borrows more and more money, it puts itself in a position where it’s going to be perceived as being too risky to invest in. And so it’s not a sustainable process.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the only potential consequence, he wrote. If electricity rates skyrocket, he said, California’s ambitious goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions would be threatened, as would the adoption of electric vehicles; businesses would suffer; and electric service would become less reliable even as rates climbed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Weissman said while \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734407/who-should-pay-for-wildfire-liability-so-utilities-dont-go-bankrupt\">much of the focus\u003c/a> in Sacramento this year is around stabilizing the three major investor-owned utilities — PG&E, San Diego Gas and Electric and Southern California Edison — the state also needs to plan for the longer term by tackling the underlying problem of preventing and mitigating fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filed for bankruptcy protection\u003c/a> in January, and the other two utilities saw their bond ratings downgraded in recent months, leading to fears that they could be just one fire away from bankruptcy as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know for certain that there will be fires as catastrophic as the 2018 fires and 2017 fires every year, but we certainly are seeing a pattern developing that ought to be raising a tremendous amount of concern,” Weissman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And to me, the answer really lies in more aggressively and comprehensively working to reduce the intensity of the wildfires that are inevitable — and that’s going to, I think, require a top-down managed approach by the state in coordination with local governments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5816568-Weissman-Wildfires-Memo.html\" responsive=true]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, state lawmakers approved a bill that will let utilities issue bonds to pay for the cost of the 2017 fires — and pass those costs along to ratepayers. But Weissman wrote that mechanism is not sustainable if fires continue, since debt is paid off over time and since utilities historically rely on debt to invest in infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the utility borrows more and more money, it puts itself in a position where it’s going to be perceived as being too risky to invest in. And so it’s not a sustainable process,” he said. “So that means if the utility is going to be recovering costs at all, it’s going to have to do it directly, year in and year out, rather than hoping to spread out the cost over 10 or 20 years per fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11734407,news_11738956,news_11736188,news_11732765 label='Utilities and Wildfires']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There would be other unintended consequences of a drastic increase in utility rates, Weissman added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians are used to extremely reliable electricity — but if rates rose because of ongoing, massive fire costs, utilities would be under pressure to cut other costs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I think it’s quite likely that over time, that will lead to reductions in some of the other things that help keep service reliable for people,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of service technicians available, the ability to respond as quickly and as wonderfully as utilities currently do when there is a major catastrophe or a major outage. Maybe even the timing of the replacement of key equipment. But certainly it will be very tempting to reduce the amount of money that’s just spent on overall maintenance, and all those things over time will erode the reliability of service.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman, a lecturer at UC Berkeley’s Goldman School of Public Policy and former adviser to two CPUC commissioners, said he based his findings on a study of CPUC rate cases, revenue reports from the utilities and historical patterns “in order to understand what the implications would be for increases of the scope and magnitude that seemed to be inevitable if we continue with this pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman’s report, which was requested by the governor’s office, illustrates \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718683/pge-bankruptcy-filing-poses-big-questions-challenges-for-gov-newsom\">the huge challenges ahead for Gov. Newsom and lawmakers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom — who took office just weeks before PG&E’s bankruptcy filing — is expected to unveil \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11738770/sneak-peek-newsom-looks-to-balance-fire-victims-wall-street\">a more comprehensive report\u003c/a> on Friday outlining possible ways forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>PG&E customers would see their rates double nearly overnight if devastating utility-caused wildfires continue to sweep through California as they have the past two years, a UC Berkeley utility expert warned Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just PG&E customers who could face skyrocketing rates. In a two-page memo prepared for Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office, Steven Weissman — a former administrative law judge at the California Public Utilities Commission — said that without “fundamental changes to law or industry structure,” and assuming that wildfires continue at recent levels, the average electricity customer statewide would experience a 50 percent rate hike in the first year alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not the only potential consequence, he wrote. If electricity rates skyrocket, he said, California’s ambitious goals to reduce greenhouse gas emissions would be threatened, as would the adoption of electric vehicles; businesses would suffer; and electric service would become less reliable even as rates climbed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview, Weissman said while \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734407/who-should-pay-for-wildfire-liability-so-utilities-dont-go-bankrupt\">much of the focus\u003c/a> in Sacramento this year is around stabilizing the three major investor-owned utilities — PG&E, San Diego Gas and Electric and Southern California Edison — the state also needs to plan for the longer term by tackling the underlying problem of preventing and mitigating fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">filed for bankruptcy protection\u003c/a> in January, and the other two utilities saw their bond ratings downgraded in recent months, leading to fears that they could be just one fire away from bankruptcy as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, state lawmakers approved a bill that will let utilities issue bonds to pay for the cost of the 2017 fires — and pass those costs along to ratepayers. But Weissman wrote that mechanism is not sustainable if fires continue, since debt is paid off over time and since utilities historically rely on debt to invest in infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the utility borrows more and more money, it puts itself in a position where it’s going to be perceived as being too risky to invest in. And so it’s not a sustainable process,” he said. “So that means if the utility is going to be recovering costs at all, it’s going to have to do it directly, year in and year out, rather than hoping to spread out the cost over 10 or 20 years per fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There would be other unintended consequences of a drastic increase in utility rates, Weissman added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians are used to extremely reliable electricity — but if rates rose because of ongoing, massive fire costs, utilities would be under pressure to cut other costs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And I think it’s quite likely that over time, that will lead to reductions in some of the other things that help keep service reliable for people,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The number of service technicians available, the ability to respond as quickly and as wonderfully as utilities currently do when there is a major catastrophe or a major outage. Maybe even the timing of the replacement of key equipment. But certainly it will be very tempting to reduce the amount of money that’s just spent on overall maintenance, and all those things over time will erode the reliability of service.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman, a lecturer at UC Berkeley’s Goldman School of Public Policy and former adviser to two CPUC commissioners, said he based his findings on a study of CPUC rate cases, revenue reports from the utilities and historical patterns “in order to understand what the implications would be for increases of the scope and magnitude that seemed to be inevitable if we continue with this pattern.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weissman’s report, which was requested by the governor’s office, illustrates \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718683/pge-bankruptcy-filing-poses-big-questions-challenges-for-gov-newsom\">the huge challenges ahead for Gov. Newsom and lawmakers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom — who took office just weeks before PG&E’s bankruptcy filing — is expected to unveil \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11738770/sneak-peek-newsom-looks-to-balance-fire-victims-wall-street\">a more comprehensive report\u003c/a> on Friday outlining possible ways forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom, who entered office in January amid a mounting wildfire crisis, will outline a series of possible ways forward for California\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734407/who-should-pay-for-wildfire-liability-so-utilities-dont-go-bankrupt\"> including a proposal to create a re-insurance fund run by the state\u003c/a>, according to people familiar with the discussions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The insurance fund is aimed at making future fire victims financially whole, while also protecting publicly traded utilities from insolvency. The concept has been percolating around the Capitol for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal will be one of several included in a report, set to be issued Friday, outlining what Newsom's administration believes are the key areas that need to be tackled to protect California from the devastating wildfires it has witnessed in recent years — and make sure that PG&E is the only major California utility that ends up in bankruptcy proceedings this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721861/pge-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-protection\">PG&E filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protections in January\u003c/a>, citing $30 billion in potential liabilities from two years of devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's report will also at least broach two other controversial topics: Reforming the California Public Utilities Commission, and revisiting state liability laws that can leave utilities on the hook for damages even when they are not negligent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Balancing Act\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The governor is not expected to make a definitive legislative proposal, however, on any of the ideas included in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think all those things will be on the table,\" said Napa state Sen. Bill Dodd, whose district was devastated by the 2017 North Bay fires and who has been intimately involved in wildfire discussions in the state Capitol over the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dodd said there are many details still to be worked out — including who would pay into an insurance fund, and how to make sure PG&E shareholders don't walk away unscathed.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=”right” citation=\"State Sen. Bill Dodd\"]'Why should [PG&E] be afforded any more protections when they already took the path of least resistance by filing for bankruptcy?'[/pullquote]\u003cbr>\nDodd's position underscores the tough position Newsom finds himself in as he tries to weigh the political reality in the state Capitol with demands from Wall Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd said any proposals viewed as offering help or financial protection for the utilities, like an insurance fund, should be tied to concrete concessions from PG&E to ensure that the company improves its safety practices, and include requirements that shareholders -- not just ratepayers — have skin in the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why should they be afforded any more protections when they already took the path of least resistance by filing for bankruptcy?\" Dodd said. \"If ratepayers have any role in the company's financial future, in terms of financial backstops, we need to see they are serious about safety and following the rules and the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wall Street Lobbies Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The governor's office, according to those familiar with the discussions, knows that its key audience for any proposal is the state Legislature, not Wall Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Newsom's office is crafting its ideas with an eye toward protecting ratepayers from bearing the brunt of multibillion-dollar wildfires while also trying to calm investors' nerves. The two major bond rating agencies\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/states/california/whiteboard/2019/02/19/s-p-californias-other-utilities-face-bankruptcy-risks-without-legislative-action-9016721\"> recently warned\u003c/a> that the state's two other investor-owned utilities — San Diego Gas & Electric and Southern California Edison — could be just one large fire away from bankruptcy, and last month \u003ca href=\"https://www.moodys.com/research/Moodys-downgrades-Edison-International-to-Baa3-and-Southern-California-Edison--PR_396014\">downgraded both companies' bond ratings\u003c/a>, making it more expensive for them to borrow money.[aside label=\"What's next for PG&E?\" tag=\"pge-bankruptcy\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As those warnings rattled Wall Street in recent months, investors and their lobbyists have poured into Sacramento to argue for legislative action. The conversations seem to have calmed some nerves: PG&E's stock has soared from less than $7 a share since just before the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection to about \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=pcg&oq=pcg&aqs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$19 a share\u003c/a> today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Assemblyman Mike Gatto, who has been following the debate closely, said that stock price indicates investors are feeling confident that whatever comes out of Sacramento won't be too punitive to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The stated goals of many lawmakers and the governor is stabilizing the utility markets,\" he said. \"So I think Wall Street is assuming that it is impossible to stabilize the utility markets and make sure that no other utility enters bankruptcy ... and at the same time punish PG&E.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's also not politically feasible to stick taxpayers or ratepayers with the entire bill, he said, noting that all those competing priorities will make it difficult for the governor to find consensus among lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think they're really walking a tightrope,\" Gatto said. \"I think they clearly need to take steps to make the power markets more stable and make sure that we don't have a whole bunch of bankrupt cities at the same time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Report Also Tackles CPUC, Liability\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The report will additionally raise the issue of streamlining the California Public Utilities Commission, according to those involved in discussions, so that the regulatory agency can deal more quickly with issues of safety and liability — perhaps by taking away some of the CPUC's sprawling workload. The CPUC currently oversees a broad portfolio of industries — electric, natural gas, telecommunications, water, railroad, rail transit and passenger transportation — and has been criticized as slow to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gatto \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10853545/lawmakers-propose-stripping-power-from-cpuc\">proposed legislation\u003c/a> three years ago to eliminate the CPUC and redistribute its broad portfolio to other agencies, and said he has heard that the governor is looking at that proposal as a possible roadmap for changes at the CPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, perhaps most controversially, the report is not expected to foreclose on the concept of changing a much debated state liability law, known as inverse condemnation. A change to that law would be aimed at inuring utilities from paying for fires if they did not act negligently, but there are no indications that the governor's office plans to immediately pursue any change, which would set up a divisive and bitter fight in the state Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom, who entered office in January amid a mounting wildfire crisis, will outline a series of possible ways forward for California\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734407/who-should-pay-for-wildfire-liability-so-utilities-dont-go-bankrupt\"> including a proposal to create a re-insurance fund run by the state\u003c/a>, according to people familiar with the discussions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The insurance fund is aimed at making future fire victims financially whole, while also protecting publicly traded utilities from insolvency. The concept has been percolating around the Capitol for weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal will be one of several included in a report, set to be issued Friday, outlining what Newsom's administration believes are the key areas that need to be tackled to protect California from the devastating wildfires it has witnessed in recent years — and make sure that PG&E is the only major California utility that ends up in bankruptcy proceedings this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721861/pge-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-protection\">PG&E filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protections in January\u003c/a>, citing $30 billion in potential liabilities from two years of devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's report will also at least broach two other controversial topics: Reforming the California Public Utilities Commission, and revisiting state liability laws that can leave utilities on the hook for damages even when they are not negligent.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Balancing Act\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The governor is not expected to make a definitive legislative proposal, however, on any of the ideas included in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think all those things will be on the table,\" said Napa state Sen. Bill Dodd, whose district was devastated by the 2017 North Bay fires and who has been intimately involved in wildfire discussions in the state Capitol over the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dodd said there are many details still to be worked out — including who would pay into an insurance fund, and how to make sure PG&E shareholders don't walk away unscathed.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Why should [PG&E] be afforded any more protections when they already took the path of least resistance by filing for bankruptcy?'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nDodd's position underscores the tough position Newsom finds himself in as he tries to weigh the political reality in the state Capitol with demands from Wall Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd said any proposals viewed as offering help or financial protection for the utilities, like an insurance fund, should be tied to concrete concessions from PG&E to ensure that the company improves its safety practices, and include requirements that shareholders -- not just ratepayers — have skin in the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why should they be afforded any more protections when they already took the path of least resistance by filing for bankruptcy?\" Dodd said. \"If ratepayers have any role in the company's financial future, in terms of financial backstops, we need to see they are serious about safety and following the rules and the law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wall Street Lobbies Sacramento\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The governor's office, according to those familiar with the discussions, knows that its key audience for any proposal is the state Legislature, not Wall Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Newsom's office is crafting its ideas with an eye toward protecting ratepayers from bearing the brunt of multibillion-dollar wildfires while also trying to calm investors' nerves. The two major bond rating agencies\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/states/california/whiteboard/2019/02/19/s-p-californias-other-utilities-face-bankruptcy-risks-without-legislative-action-9016721\"> recently warned\u003c/a> that the state's two other investor-owned utilities — San Diego Gas & Electric and Southern California Edison — could be just one large fire away from bankruptcy, and last month \u003ca href=\"https://www.moodys.com/research/Moodys-downgrades-Edison-International-to-Baa3-and-Southern-California-Edison--PR_396014\">downgraded both companies' bond ratings\u003c/a>, making it more expensive for them to borrow money.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As those warnings rattled Wall Street in recent months, investors and their lobbyists have poured into Sacramento to argue for legislative action. The conversations seem to have calmed some nerves: PG&E's stock has soared from less than $7 a share since just before the company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection to about \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=pcg&oq=pcg&aqs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$19 a share\u003c/a> today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Assemblyman Mike Gatto, who has been following the debate closely, said that stock price indicates investors are feeling confident that whatever comes out of Sacramento won't be too punitive to PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The stated goals of many lawmakers and the governor is stabilizing the utility markets,\" he said. \"So I think Wall Street is assuming that it is impossible to stabilize the utility markets and make sure that no other utility enters bankruptcy ... and at the same time punish PG&E.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it's also not politically feasible to stick taxpayers or ratepayers with the entire bill, he said, noting that all those competing priorities will make it difficult for the governor to find consensus among lawmakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think they're really walking a tightrope,\" Gatto said. \"I think they clearly need to take steps to make the power markets more stable and make sure that we don't have a whole bunch of bankrupt cities at the same time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Report Also Tackles CPUC, Liability\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The report will additionally raise the issue of streamlining the California Public Utilities Commission, according to those involved in discussions, so that the regulatory agency can deal more quickly with issues of safety and liability — perhaps by taking away some of the CPUC's sprawling workload. The CPUC currently oversees a broad portfolio of industries — electric, natural gas, telecommunications, water, railroad, rail transit and passenger transportation — and has been criticized as slow to respond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gatto \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10853545/lawmakers-propose-stripping-power-from-cpuc\">proposed legislation\u003c/a> three years ago to eliminate the CPUC and redistribute its broad portfolio to other agencies, and said he has heard that the governor is looking at that proposal as a possible roadmap for changes at the CPUC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, perhaps most controversially, the report is not expected to foreclose on the concept of changing a much debated state liability law, known as inverse condemnation. A change to that law would be aimed at inuring utilities from paying for fires if they did not act negligently, but there are no indications that the governor's office plans to immediately pursue any change, which would set up a divisive and bitter fight in the state Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Who’s responsible when a driverless car runs over a pedestrian? Or a social media platform steers housing ads away from African Americans? These real-world outcomes driven by artificial intelligence are cropping up before politicians and regulators can get up to speed. At least, here in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='technology, AI' label='The Future of Tech']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The European Commission isn’t rolling out any laws governing artificial intelligence right away, but it looks likely it will eventually. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As is the case with all technologies, AI raises a number of concerns that need to be tackled. If we are not vigilant, the use of AI may lead to undesirable outcomes — intended or not,” wrote \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/pekka-ala-pietila\">Pekka Ala-Pietilä\u003c/a>, the chair of the EU’s High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence, in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/blogposts/towards-trustworthy-ai-ethics-competitiveness-go-hand-hand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> on the European Commission website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group collected ideas from 50-plus experts and \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/draft-ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued a report\u003c/a> last December. This week, after receiving more than 500 comments in response, the group issued \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ethics guidelines\u003c/a> for trustworthy artificial intelligence. Here are the “key requirements” for assessing AI:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Human agency and oversight:\u003c/strong> AI systems should enable equitable societies by supporting human agency and fundamental rights, and not decrease, limit or misguide human autonomy.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Robustness and safety:\u003c/strong> Trustworthy AI requires algorithms to be secure, reliable and robust enough to deal with errors or inconsistencies during all life cycle phases of AI systems.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Privacy and data governance:\u003c/strong> Citizens should have full control over their own data, while data concerning them will not be used to harm or discriminate against them.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Transparency:\u003c/strong> The traceability of AI systems should be ensured.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Diversity, non-discrimination and fairness:\u003c/strong> AI systems should consider the whole range of human abilities, skills and requirements, and ensure accessibility.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Societal and environmental well-being:\u003c/strong> AI systems should be used to enhance positive social change and enhance sustainability and ecological responsibility.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Accountability:\u003c/strong> Mechanisms should be put in place to ensure responsibility and accountability for AI systems and their outcomes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“One thing that jumped out at me was the sixth principle, which is societal and environmental well-being,” said assistant professor \u003ca href=\"http://www.danielsusser.info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Daniel Susser\u003c/a>, who specializes in technology and ethics at Penn State. He’s excited that Europeans are starting to ask the tough questions about what we want companies like Google and Amazon to be responsible for as they dream up potential futures for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regulating, especially regulating technology, is generally thought of as an attempt to articulate what companies should not do,” Susser said. “We also want to articulate a positive notion of what sort of world we want technology to be helping us build — and I think that will need to [hashed] out more specifically, but I’m happy to see it in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next steps include a \u003ca href=\"http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-1893_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pilot program\u003c/a> to develop draft rules to roll out this summer. Whether the Europeans inspire U.S. politicians and regulators to follow suit is unclear. Americans have been singularly slow to consider a wide range of regulation issues around technology. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg has repeatedly apologized to federal lawmakers for various failings of the social media giant, but there are no laws to force change from his company and others in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, one 14-year-old committed suicide in Britain inspired by what she saw online, and UK regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-tech-regulation/britain-plans-social-media-regulation-to-battle-harmful-content-idUSKCN1RJ0QP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proposed new laws\u003c/a> to slap penalties on social media companies and technology firms if they fail to protect users from harmful content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say American companies driving much of the world’s AI won’t be able to ignore what happens in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts also say no regulation is not an option we want to accept. Private industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11738391/tech-giants-initiatives-to-address-ai-ethics-concerns-under-scrutiny\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has encountered blowback\u003c/a> over its attempts at self-regulation. As \u003ca href=\"https://mila.quebec/en/yoshua-bengio/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yoshua Bengio\u003c/a>, a computer scientist and winner of the 2018 Turing Award for his work on deep learning, told the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00505-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nature\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Self-regulation is not going to work. Do you think that voluntary taxation works? It doesn’t. Companies that follow ethical guidelines would be disadvantaged with respect to the companies that do not. It’s like driving. Whether it’s on the left or the right side, everybody needs to drive in the same way; otherwise, we’re in trouble.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The European Commission isn’t rolling out any laws governing artificial intelligence right away, but it looks likely it will eventually. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As is the case with all technologies, AI raises a number of concerns that need to be tackled. If we are not vigilant, the use of AI may lead to undesirable outcomes — intended or not,” wrote \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/pekka-ala-pietila\">Pekka Ala-Pietilä\u003c/a>, the chair of the EU’s High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence, in a recent \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/blogposts/towards-trustworthy-ai-ethics-competitiveness-go-hand-hand\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> on the European Commission website.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group collected ideas from 50-plus experts and \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/draft-ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">issued a report\u003c/a> last December. This week, after receiving more than 500 comments in response, the group issued \u003ca href=\"https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/ethics-guidelines-trustworthy-ai\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ethics guidelines\u003c/a> for trustworthy artificial intelligence. Here are the “key requirements” for assessing AI:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Human agency and oversight:\u003c/strong> AI systems should enable equitable societies by supporting human agency and fundamental rights, and not decrease, limit or misguide human autonomy.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Robustness and safety:\u003c/strong> Trustworthy AI requires algorithms to be secure, reliable and robust enough to deal with errors or inconsistencies during all life cycle phases of AI systems.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Privacy and data governance:\u003c/strong> Citizens should have full control over their own data, while data concerning them will not be used to harm or discriminate against them.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Transparency:\u003c/strong> The traceability of AI systems should be ensured.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Diversity, non-discrimination and fairness:\u003c/strong> AI systems should consider the whole range of human abilities, skills and requirements, and ensure accessibility.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Societal and environmental well-being:\u003c/strong> AI systems should be used to enhance positive social change and enhance sustainability and ecological responsibility.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Accountability:\u003c/strong> Mechanisms should be put in place to ensure responsibility and accountability for AI systems and their outcomes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“One thing that jumped out at me was the sixth principle, which is societal and environmental well-being,” said assistant professor \u003ca href=\"http://www.danielsusser.info\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Daniel Susser\u003c/a>, who specializes in technology and ethics at Penn State. He’s excited that Europeans are starting to ask the tough questions about what we want companies like Google and Amazon to be responsible for as they dream up potential futures for us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Regulating, especially regulating technology, is generally thought of as an attempt to articulate what companies should not do,” Susser said. “We also want to articulate a positive notion of what sort of world we want technology to be helping us build — and I think that will need to [hashed] out more specifically, but I’m happy to see it in there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next steps include a \u003ca href=\"http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-1893_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pilot program\u003c/a> to develop draft rules to roll out this summer. Whether the Europeans inspire U.S. politicians and regulators to follow suit is unclear. Americans have been singularly slow to consider a wide range of regulation issues around technology. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg has repeatedly apologized to federal lawmakers for various failings of the social media giant, but there are no laws to force change from his company and others in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, one 14-year-old committed suicide in Britain inspired by what she saw online, and UK regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-tech-regulation/britain-plans-social-media-regulation-to-battle-harmful-content-idUSKCN1RJ0QP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">proposed new laws\u003c/a> to slap penalties on social media companies and technology firms if they fail to protect users from harmful content.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts say American companies driving much of the world’s AI won’t be able to ignore what happens in Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts also say no regulation is not an option we want to accept. Private industry \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11738391/tech-giants-initiatives-to-address-ai-ethics-concerns-under-scrutiny\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has encountered blowback\u003c/a> over its attempts at self-regulation. As \u003ca href=\"https://mila.quebec/en/yoshua-bengio/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yoshua Bengio\u003c/a>, a computer scientist and winner of the 2018 Turing Award for his work on deep learning, told the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00505-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nature\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Self-regulation is not going to work. Do you think that voluntary taxation works? It doesn’t. Companies that follow ethical guidelines would be disadvantaged with respect to the companies that do not. It’s like driving. Whether it’s on the left or the right side, everybody needs to drive in the same way; otherwise, we’re in trouble.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>To walk down Main Street in Merced is to see a revitalization boom: Historic theaters are getting facelifts, and new bars and restaurants are opening. Merced has experienced the top personal income growth of any metro area in the country for the past five years, mostly fueled by an expanding UC campus. This Central Valley city looks like a place of prosperity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, just a few blocks away are neighborhoods where families live doubled up, where stores with fresh produce are hard to find. For many Merced families it is tough to make ends meet. Forty-three percent of all babies and toddlers in this county live in poverty. Merced is booming, but it hasn’t reached everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the Allison family: Bobbie Allison is raising her four young kids on her own. It’s a struggle, especially with her occasional job as a cashier at a 7-Eleven in Merced, where she makes about $11 an hour. They used to live in Merced but had to move to Atwater, a 30-minute drive north, to find an affordable rental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Minimum wage just doesn’t cut it,” Allison said. “I just need something that pays more than minimum wage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738004\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11738004 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-800x480.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-160x96.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-1020x612.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-1200x720.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For Bobbie Allison, balancing work and caring for her four children is a struggle, despite California’s safety net. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite Allison’s efforts to find work to support her children, they are part of the more than one-thirds of all Merced youth who experience early childhood poverty. In the county, 43 percent of all children under the age of 3 — or nearly 4,800 youth — are impoverished, according to Kidsdata. Statewide, 285,000 families with children under 5 live in poverty, according to data from the Population Reference Bureau and Kidsdata that’s based on U.S. Census statistics for 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allison hates that her family is part of such statistics. She has been through the county’s welfare-to-work program twice. Now she’s tapped out. Allison said she has put in countless job applications and has heard back only from one employer, a large poultry plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My biggest hope is Foster Farms, but that’s a very large commute,” Allison said. The pay would be $12 an hour, slightly more than 7-Eleven, and she would get more hours. Yet the commute to get to the plant and drop off her kids with a baby sitter would be about two hours each way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the problem is that it is very difficult to get out of the poverty situation,” said Monika Grasley, director of a Merced nonprofit called Lifeline CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Grasley’s staff are welfare recipients, so she sees their daily life struggles up-close. She said many people are working hard in Merced to make sure the poorest kids and their families don’t fall into complete disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738016\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-800x492.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-800x492.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-1020x627.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-1200x738.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">To find affordable Section 8 housing, Bobbie Allison moved 30 minutes outside Merced with her children. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Merced County has an amazing safety net for people that live in poverty,” Grasley said. Yet, she sometimes feels like those who care are so busy putting Band-Aids on the deep poverty problems that no one is thinking about helping families be self-sufficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being on the system and making a certain amount of resources — then to get beyond that, the jump is too big,” Grasley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of living is too high, she said. With rent, child care and transportation costs consistently rising, Bobbie Allison needs a higher-paying job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major challenge with moving people out of poverty in Merced is that one-third of all the county’s adults do not have a high school diploma, which severely limits job options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grasley said the system needs to focus on giving people practical skills training — not keeping them one step ahead of disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to create a transitional stepping system where folks can actually move forward and get the training that they need and have jobs available for folks,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get out of poverty, a family would need to be self-sustaining with an income that adequately covers housing, food, clothing and child care. Researchers at the California Budget and Policy Center estimate that would be between $45,000 and $50,000 a year for a family of four in Merced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bobbie Allison doesn’t think it’s possible for her, but the mayor of Merced, Mike Murphy, hopes it will be for her and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The factors that lead to childhood poverty are issues that a number of folks in Merced and in our state are working on,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He knows many of Merced’s residents don’t have the education or professional qualifications to get higher-paying jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our economy is diversifying. Agriculture is a big part of our way of life and our economy but that’s changing, and the largest factor in that is the presence and the growth of the University of California, Merced,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='starting-blocks' label='The Starting Blocks Series']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campus in Merced, which opened in 2005, is the newest expansion for the UC system, and many hope it will revitalize the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the short term, as the campus expands, there will be construction jobs available, but Murphy’s vision is much bigger: The hope is that more kids will be inspired by the UC campus to go to college, and that would make them more employable, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction is going on everywhere in the city as UC Merced’s footprint expands. Opposite Murphy’s office in downtown Merced is a brand-new building. “This was a vacant lot for the longest time, and then the university bought this and constructed this building,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hopes the revitalization of downtown Merced — facelifts to historic buildings and theaters, new restaurants and bars — will bring in more students and tourists. The increased economic activity, he said, should trickle down to everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One historic building in downtown Merced being renovated, The Tioga, was once a famous hotel that was later converted into apartments. Most recently, The Tioga offered 90 units of affordable housing, and the mayor confirmed the building was home to low-income residents — until the renovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was housing but it was not well-kept,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738012\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738012\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-1200x761.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Economic development like this site in Merced will eventually bring new, higher-paying jobs to the community. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The downside of UC Merced’s expansion has been displacement of the city’s poor, pushing them farther out of town. As students and university staff move in, housing is snapped up by those with higher incomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bobbie Allison had to move from Merced to Atwater to find affordable housing and a landlord willing to accept her Section 8 housing voucher. With her job and child care still in Merced, life is more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murphy is confident that his city will help lift up its poorest residents. He counts on the help of the state, too, which provides welfare benefits to Merced’s poorest families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom and his administration have made ending poverty in California one of their priorities. “Child poverty is the overarching problem we’re trying to solve,” said Kris Perry, deputy assistant secretary in the state’s Health and Human Services Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perry comes from the early childhood field and has seen the crisis up-close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Research has shown time and time again that it’s one thing to give parents services, it’s another thing to put cash in their pockets — that is one of the most important things you can do when you’re trying to figure out how to ameliorate poverty,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has proposed an increase to the cash aid that poor families get through the CalWORKS grant. But Perry said bringing down such high levels of poverty takes more: “This will take a really big push, not only from the state but also from the county of Merced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine recently released a blueprint for cutting child poverty in half in 10 years that involves new expenditures of close to $90 billion a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group noted that the real cost of child poverty is around $1 trillion per year in lost revenues due to lower productivity in the workforce, poor health and higher crime. The plan lays out two possible plans that both involve increasing cash aid and bringing more people into the workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unlikely that the Trump administration will move on these proposals, having already signaled cuts to domestic spending and anti-poverty programs in its next budget — which leaves the lot of California’s impoverished children squarely in the hands of state and local elected representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737745\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737745\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-800x546.jpg\" alt=\"A scene from Atwater in the Central Valley in early 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-800x546.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-1020x696.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-1200x819.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A scene from Atwater in the Central Valley in mid-March 2019. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for Bobbie Allison, she isn’t waiting for politicians to solve her problems. She heard back from Foster Farms and has gone through job orientation. Now she has to figure out how to manage her four young children, two of whom are still waitlisted for a preschool seat, so she can work the 9-5 shifts she has been offered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will figure something out one way or the other. I always do,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an Early Childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College. The fellowship is funded in part by First 5 LA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Merced is experiencing a revitalization and boom, mostly fueled by a growing UC campus, but the new prosperity isn't for everyone. Officials are hoping that poor families will benefit, but right now they're struggling.",
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"title": "With an Expanding UC Campus and More Jobs, Merced Is Booming. But That Growth Isn’t for Everyone | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>To walk down Main Street in Merced is to see a revitalization boom: Historic theaters are getting facelifts, and new bars and restaurants are opening. Merced has experienced the top personal income growth of any metro area in the country for the past five years, mostly fueled by an expanding UC campus. This Central Valley city looks like a place of prosperity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, just a few blocks away are neighborhoods where families live doubled up, where stores with fresh produce are hard to find. For many Merced families it is tough to make ends meet. Forty-three percent of all babies and toddlers in this county live in poverty. Merced is booming, but it hasn’t reached everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the Allison family: Bobbie Allison is raising her four young kids on her own. It’s a struggle, especially with her occasional job as a cashier at a 7-Eleven in Merced, where she makes about $11 an hour. They used to live in Merced but had to move to Atwater, a 30-minute drive north, to find an affordable rental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Minimum wage just doesn’t cut it,” Allison said. “I just need something that pays more than minimum wage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738004\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11738004 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-800x480.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-160x96.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-1020x612.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut-1200x720.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36408_Starting-Blocks-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For Bobbie Allison, balancing work and caring for her four children is a struggle, despite California’s safety net. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite Allison’s efforts to find work to support her children, they are part of the more than one-thirds of all Merced youth who experience early childhood poverty. In the county, 43 percent of all children under the age of 3 — or nearly 4,800 youth — are impoverished, according to Kidsdata. Statewide, 285,000 families with children under 5 live in poverty, according to data from the Population Reference Bureau and Kidsdata that’s based on U.S. Census statistics for 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allison hates that her family is part of such statistics. She has been through the county’s welfare-to-work program twice. Now she’s tapped out. Allison said she has put in countless job applications and has heard back only from one employer, a large poultry plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My biggest hope is Foster Farms, but that’s a very large commute,” Allison said. The pay would be $12 an hour, slightly more than 7-Eleven, and she would get more hours. Yet the commute to get to the plant and drop off her kids with a baby sitter would be about two hours each way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the problem is that it is very difficult to get out of the poverty situation,” said Monika Grasley, director of a Merced nonprofit called Lifeline CDC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Grasley’s staff are welfare recipients, so she sees their daily life struggles up-close. She said many people are working hard in Merced to make sure the poorest kids and their families don’t fall into complete disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738016\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-800x492.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-800x492.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-1020x627.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2-1200x738.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36313_Bobblie-Kids-Starting-Blocks-Housing-qut-2.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">To find affordable Section 8 housing, Bobbie Allison moved 30 minutes outside Merced with her children. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Merced County has an amazing safety net for people that live in poverty,” Grasley said. Yet, she sometimes feels like those who care are so busy putting Band-Aids on the deep poverty problems that no one is thinking about helping families be self-sufficient.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being on the system and making a certain amount of resources — then to get beyond that, the jump is too big,” Grasley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost of living is too high, she said. With rent, child care and transportation costs consistently rising, Bobbie Allison needs a higher-paying job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major challenge with moving people out of poverty in Merced is that one-third of all the county’s adults do not have a high school diploma, which severely limits job options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grasley said the system needs to focus on giving people practical skills training — not keeping them one step ahead of disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to create a transitional stepping system where folks can actually move forward and get the training that they need and have jobs available for folks,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get out of poverty, a family would need to be self-sustaining with an income that adequately covers housing, food, clothing and child care. Researchers at the California Budget and Policy Center estimate that would be between $45,000 and $50,000 a year for a family of four in Merced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bobbie Allison doesn’t think it’s possible for her, but the mayor of Merced, Mike Murphy, hopes it will be for her and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The factors that lead to childhood poverty are issues that a number of folks in Merced and in our state are working on,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He knows many of Merced’s residents don’t have the education or professional qualifications to get higher-paying jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our economy is diversifying. Agriculture is a big part of our way of life and our economy but that’s changing, and the largest factor in that is the presence and the growth of the University of California, Merced,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campus in Merced, which opened in 2005, is the newest expansion for the UC system, and many hope it will revitalize the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the short term, as the campus expands, there will be construction jobs available, but Murphy’s vision is much bigger: The hope is that more kids will be inspired by the UC campus to go to college, and that would make them more employable, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction is going on everywhere in the city as UC Merced’s footprint expands. Opposite Murphy’s office in downtown Merced is a brand-new building. “This was a vacant lot for the longest time, and then the university bought this and constructed this building,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He hopes the revitalization of downtown Merced — facelifts to historic buildings and theaters, new restaurants and bars — will bring in more students and tourists. The increased economic activity, he said, should trickle down to everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One historic building in downtown Merced being renovated, The Tioga, was once a famous hotel that was later converted into apartments. Most recently, The Tioga offered 90 units of affordable housing, and the mayor confirmed the building was home to low-income residents — until the renovation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was housing but it was not well-kept,” Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738012\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11738012\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-800x508.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"508\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-800x508.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut-1200x761.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36312_UC-Merced-S-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Economic development like this site in Merced will eventually bring new, higher-paying jobs to the community. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The downside of UC Merced’s expansion has been displacement of the city’s poor, pushing them farther out of town. As students and university staff move in, housing is snapped up by those with higher incomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bobbie Allison had to move from Merced to Atwater to find affordable housing and a landlord willing to accept her Section 8 housing voucher. With her job and child care still in Merced, life is more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murphy is confident that his city will help lift up its poorest residents. He counts on the help of the state, too, which provides welfare benefits to Merced’s poorest families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom and his administration have made ending poverty in California one of their priorities. “Child poverty is the overarching problem we’re trying to solve,” said Kris Perry, deputy assistant secretary in the state’s Health and Human Services Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perry comes from the early childhood field and has seen the crisis up-close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Research has shown time and time again that it’s one thing to give parents services, it’s another thing to put cash in their pockets — that is one of the most important things you can do when you’re trying to figure out how to ameliorate poverty,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has proposed an increase to the cash aid that poor families get through the CalWORKS grant. But Perry said bringing down such high levels of poverty takes more: “This will take a really big push, not only from the state but also from the county of Merced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine recently released a blueprint for cutting child poverty in half in 10 years that involves new expenditures of close to $90 billion a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group noted that the real cost of child poverty is around $1 trillion per year in lost revenues due to lower productivity in the workforce, poor health and higher crime. The plan lays out two possible plans that both involve increasing cash aid and bringing more people into the workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unlikely that the Trump administration will move on these proposals, having already signaled cuts to domestic spending and anti-poverty programs in its next budget — which leaves the lot of California’s impoverished children squarely in the hands of state and local elected representatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737745\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737745\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-800x546.jpg\" alt=\"A scene from Atwater in the Central Valley in early 2019.\" width=\"800\" height=\"546\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-800x546.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-1020x696.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut-1200x819.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04042019_Without-Affordable-Child-Care-Escaping-Poverty-is-Tough_Atwater-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A scene from Atwater in the Central Valley in mid-March 2019. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for Bobbie Allison, she isn’t waiting for politicians to solve her problems. She heard back from Foster Farms and has gone through job orientation. Now she has to figure out how to manage her four young children, two of whom are still waitlisted for a preschool seat, so she can work the 9-5 shifts she has been offered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will figure something out one way or the other. I always do,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an Early Childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College. The fellowship is funded in part by First 5 LA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is backing down from his threat to shut down the U.S. Southern border as soon as this week. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had issued the warning in a bid to curtail surging border crossings by asylum seekers from Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Latest From the Border\" tag=\"border-wall\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, Trump is now giving Mexico \"a one-year warning\" to address his concerns about its handling of immigrants traveling through the country on the way to the United States. He also demanded that Mexico tamp down on the flow of drugs. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Mexican government doesn't respond in a manner acceptable to Trump within 12 months, he says, he will take action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mexico understands that we're going to close the border or I'm going to tariff the cars — one or the other,\" Trump said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he would likely start off with the auto tariffs, saying that would be a \"very powerful incentive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's warning about shutting down the border had been met with intense resistance from Republicans and some business groups, who warned there would be severe \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/02/708999622/southern-border-closure-would-have-consequences-for-u-s-economy\">economic consequences\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump has walked back his plan to close the border, Democrats in the House of Representatives are moving against another immigration policy put forward by Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi has announced the House will sue to block Trump's decision to declare a national emergency in order to construct a wall on the Southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The President's sham emergency declaration and unlawful transfers of funds have undermined our democracy, contravening the vote of the bipartisan Congress, the will of the American people and the letter of the Constitution,\" Pelosi said in a written statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has argued that the situation at the border is a crisis and that the president is acting within his legal authority. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+Walks+Back+Threat+To+Close+U.S.+Border%2C+Giving+Mexico+A+%271-Year+Warning%27+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Tensions over employment status in California were on display in downtown Los Angeles Tuesday as two groups of strippers debated whether they would be better off as employees or independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoisting signs that said, \"Keep politics out of strip clubs,\" and shouting \"1099,\" a reference to the tax documents used by contractors, strippers with the \u003ca href=\"http://stripperchoice.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Independent Entertainer Coalition\u003c/a> protested (with clothes on) in front of Los Angeles City Hall, demanding to continue working as independent contractors. Doing so, they said, would give them the freedom to work for as many employers as they want to and have more control over their schedules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is the state Supreme Court’s 2018 Dynamex \u003ca href=\"https://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/dynamex-operations-west-inc-v-superior-court-34584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision\u003c/a>, which makes it more difficult for California companies to classify workers as independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Fowler, who dances at Déjà Vu strip club in Bakersfield, said that since her employment status changed from contractor to employee, the company that owns the club has slammed her with new fees that they hadn’t previously explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The club is now in full and complete control of us, and anything they want, they get,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, a class action suit filed by 6,000 dancers in 25 clubs against Las Vegas-based Deja Vu Services, Inc., which owns the venues, forced the company to adhere to the Dynamex decision and reclassify its contracted performers as employees. Dancers are now accusing the company of retaliating against them by reducing their wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, most companies in California have ignored the Dynamex decision, but new action in Sacramento may force their hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bill now in the state Legislature, AB 5, would codify the Dynamex decision into law and could reclassify millions of California workers who have long been considered independent contractors. A 2017 UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/what-do-we-know-about-gig-work-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> showed that nearly 10 percent of California’s workforce is made up of freelancers and independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737598\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11737598\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deanna LaPoint, a Los Angeles nightclub entertainer, helped organize Tuesday's protest. \u003ccite>(Larry Buhl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The dancers said the Dynamex decision has negatively impacted them in recent months. As employees, they said, they still pay for their own clothes and make-up, but can no longer claim those as work expenses on their taxes, like they did while classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have an $11 shoe allowance that also comes out of our dance money,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nearby counter-protest, members of the grassroots group \u003ca href=\"https://soldiersofpole.com/know-your-rights/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Soldiers of Pole\u003c/a> said they welcomed the change in employment status, but as employees were now demanding protections against discrimination and wage theft, in addition to health insurance and paid leave. Members of the group called the rival protest misguided, noting that even though there were certain downsides to being an employee, it still afforded the opportunity to receive many benefits not available to contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domino Rey, a stripper who confronted the first group of anti-employee dancers, called for unity and explained that the solution to abusive employers was to unionize, not to return to being classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we’re employees, we can all come together and say ‘Hey, you know what, you’ve got to talk to us,'\" she said. \"We are in agreement that you have to go through our organization and negotiate with us about how much we get paid per hour, how long our shifts are, who we dance for.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Tensions over employment status in California were on display in downtown Los Angeles Tuesday as two groups of strippers debated whether they would be better off as employees or independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoisting signs that said, \"Keep politics out of strip clubs,\" and shouting \"1099,\" a reference to the tax documents used by contractors, strippers with the \u003ca href=\"http://stripperchoice.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Independent Entertainer Coalition\u003c/a> protested (with clothes on) in front of Los Angeles City Hall, demanding to continue working as independent contractors. Doing so, they said, would give them the freedom to work for as many employers as they want to and have more control over their schedules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At issue is the state Supreme Court’s 2018 Dynamex \u003ca href=\"https://scocal.stanford.edu/opinion/dynamex-operations-west-inc-v-superior-court-34584\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision\u003c/a>, which makes it more difficult for California companies to classify workers as independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Megan Fowler, who dances at Déjà Vu strip club in Bakersfield, said that since her employment status changed from contractor to employee, the company that owns the club has slammed her with new fees that they hadn’t previously explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The club is now in full and complete control of us, and anything they want, they get,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, a class action suit filed by 6,000 dancers in 25 clubs against Las Vegas-based Deja Vu Services, Inc., which owns the venues, forced the company to adhere to the Dynamex decision and reclassify its contracted performers as employees. Dancers are now accusing the company of retaliating against them by reducing their wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, most companies in California have ignored the Dynamex decision, but new action in Sacramento may force their hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A bill now in the state Legislature, AB 5, would codify the Dynamex decision into law and could reclassify millions of California workers who have long been considered independent contractors. A 2017 UC Berkeley \u003ca href=\"http://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/what-do-we-know-about-gig-work-in-california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> showed that nearly 10 percent of California’s workforce is made up of freelancers and independent contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737598\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11737598\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1832x1374.jpg 1832w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1376x1032.jpg 1376w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/IMG_0316-2-e1554329944311-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deanna LaPoint, a Los Angeles nightclub entertainer, helped organize Tuesday's protest. \u003ccite>(Larry Buhl/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The dancers said the Dynamex decision has negatively impacted them in recent months. As employees, they said, they still pay for their own clothes and make-up, but can no longer claim those as work expenses on their taxes, like they did while classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have an $11 shoe allowance that also comes out of our dance money,\" Fowler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nearby counter-protest, members of the grassroots group \u003ca href=\"https://soldiersofpole.com/know-your-rights/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Soldiers of Pole\u003c/a> said they welcomed the change in employment status, but as employees were now demanding protections against discrimination and wage theft, in addition to health insurance and paid leave. Members of the group called the rival protest misguided, noting that even though there were certain downsides to being an employee, it still afforded the opportunity to receive many benefits not available to contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Domino Rey, a stripper who confronted the first group of anti-employee dancers, called for unity and explained that the solution to abusive employers was to unionize, not to return to being classified as contractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now that we’re employees, we can all come together and say ‘Hey, you know what, you’ve got to talk to us,'\" she said. \"We are in agreement that you have to go through our organization and negotiate with us about how much we get paid per hour, how long our shifts are, who we dance for.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Childhood Poverty: California's 'Moral Outrage'",
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"headTitle": "Childhood Poverty: California’s ‘Moral Outrage’ | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]W[/dropcap]hen Norma Sandoval of Merced looks at her baby son Alex, and really stares into his eyes, she sees a wise, old man. His eyebrows have this way of zigging and then zagging, he sucks his lips into his mouth as if he is pondering the universe. He makes Sandoval laugh, because really, what could a four-month old be contemplating? For Sandoval, Alex is the best thing in her life, which is otherwise full of challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many first-time moms, Sandoval has been on a steep learning curve caring for Alex. She gets a lot of help from her own mother, who has eight other children, and from the child care workers who care for Alex while she finishes high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval’s mother was a teen when she had her, and despite swearing she wouldn’t do the same, here she is at 17 with a four-month old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would see all these mothers so young and I would be like, oh my god they’re so stupid, how did they get pregnant so early,” Sandoval said. She laughed and added, “and then I got pregnant and now I’m like them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval knows what everyone thinks of her being a teen mom, but she is resolute — she wants the best for her baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mom’s determination might mean Alex will have a very bright future ahead of him, but right now he is part of a statistic that doesn’t bode well for his life chances: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kidsdata.org/blog/?p=8727\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">43 percent of all children under three years-old in Merced county live in poverty\u003c/a>. Sandoval doesn’t know a single person her age who isn’t struggling to make ends meet. It’s just how life is, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Poverty has long been a political football, and the current polarized climate lays bare the tussle. At one end, child poverty has been called a “moral outrage” by California’s progressive governor, Gavin Newsom, who has vowed to end it. At the other end of the political spectrum, Housing and Urban Development Secretary Ben Carson has said poverty is a “state of mind,” echoing the Trump administration position that government aid is not the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost two decades ago, Norma Sandoval was herself born into an impoverished family. Her father, an immigrant from Mexico, went off daily to work the fields and her mother ran an ad-hoc childcare service out of their tiny apartment, mostly to help other families so parents could go work in the fields while she looked after the children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"The Starting Blocks Series\" tag=\"starting-blocks\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite both her parents working full-time much of her life, in her 17 years, Sandoval nor her parents have been able to climb above their challenging economic circumstances. So, like her mother before her, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kidsdata.org/PovertyDeeperLook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">285,162 parents statewide\u003c/a>, she too now raises her baby while living below the federal poverty line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval has all the usual concerns and anxieties of a 17-year-old, but on a recent Wednesday morning she was particularly worried about how many times Alex had pooped. Her brow was deeply creased as she discussed what to do with Emily Maltva, the lead teacher at the child development center that sits on the campus of Yosemite High School where Sandoval is a junior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He pooped like twice,” Sandoval told Maltva. “I changed him and then like 10 minutes later he pooped again.” Maltva reassured her that this was completely normal for a baby. Then Sandoval confessed that it wasn’t really the pooping that worried her. Diapers are expensive. Sandoval’s brow furrowed further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have like that money or nothing,” she confessed. “But I don’t think money makes you a good mother or not,” she said, declaring that she was a very good mother for Alex. Not having money just makes things harder, Sandoval said as she prepared Alex for the half-hour trudge to her boyfriend’s parents’ apartment where they are currently living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Child poverty in California is definitely a serious problem,” said Sara Kimberlin, senior policy analyst with the California Budget and Policy Center (CBPC).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a problem that has gotten steadily worse over the years as the numbers of babies and children living in poverty has increased. The numbers are stark. One in five babies and toddlers in California were born into poverty in the last few years. That’s down from five years ago when one quarter of all babies statewide lived below the federal poverty line. In some places it is much higher, like Alex’s home, in Merced County, and the counties of Glenn, Colusa, Trinity and Tehama, where almost half of all babies born start life in impoverished families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Is California’s Housing Crisis to Blame?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The earliest data on early childhood poverty came soon after standards for measuring poverty were first developed in the 1960s. By 1970 — one of the first years this data for young children was collected — about 14 percent of kids under five were poor in California. That number climbed steadily over the years. In 2012 it was 26 percent of all children statewide, according to Census and American Community Survey data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recent studies, like one from the San Francisco-based Center for the Next Generation, highlight the long-term economic threat posed by California’s high rates of childhood poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did the baby poverty numbers get so high? The answer has little to do with babies themselves. While the cost of diapers and infant formula has risen, Kimberlin points to macro-economic factors that have seen more families fall below the poverty line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CBPC’s Kimberlin said California’s rising housing costs have perhaps been the biggest factor in pushing more families out from self sufficiency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From 2006 to 2016, rents in California rose by about three times as much median annual earnings for a full-time worker,” said Kimberlin. “That just creates a long-term problem where more and more families find themselves squeezed trying to cover their basic costs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis hit, the number of California children under two-years-old in poverty climbed steeply, Kimberlin said. “The great recession definitely made things worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737459\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737459\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"Alex Sandoval, age four months, begins his day at a child care center with his mom, Norma, playing with one of his favorite toys. Norma attends Yosemite High School while Alex attends the child care center attached to the school.\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-800x544.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-1020x694.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-1200x816.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Sandoval, age four months, begins his day at a child care center with his mom, Norma, playing with one of his favorite toys. Norma attends Yosemite High School while Alex attends the child care center attached to the school. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kimberlin said the recession’s impact can be traced to the spike in impoverished babies and toddlers. One of the most decisive budget cuts in the years of the recession was to subsidized child care that the state of California provided for low-income families. So add to the stagnating wages and high housing costs the “shrinking availability of affordable childcare,” and Kimberlin said and you have “a perfect storm that really made it difficult for families with children to make ends meet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet during the years of the recession, many Californians suffered, and the worsening situation for the state’s youngest residents didn’t sound alarm bells. Many children who are now in elementary school were babies and toddlers during the recession. They missed out on quality early education as preschool seats disappeared after 2008, and parents had to figure out babysitting or drop out of the workforce. With less family income the nutrition they received in their critical early development years was likely poorer, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Turk of the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children’s Health (LPFCH) wonders why the moral outrage at the increasing child poverty numbers isn’t more widespread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One in five babies being born into poverty in California is just absolutely unforgivable,” Turk said. During the recession years, one quarter of all babies were born into poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the demographics of the impoverished babies and toddlers has something to do with the lack of attention and action. In California it’s disproportionately babies of color that are born into poverty, something Turk said has nothing to do with the babies themselves. “Really this is about historical discriminatory practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year Kidsdata, a project of LPFCH, releases a report documenting the number of children in poverty. Turk said the high numbers of children of color in poverty comes from the discrimination their parents have suffered over the years. “For housing, for employment, the parents may be treated differently,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been well documented that African-Americans, Latinos and other immigrant groups \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/03/28/redlining-was-banned-50-years-ago-its-still-hurting-minorities-today/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.f359268f5cfc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have encountered redlining in housing\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/article/for-people-of-color-banks-are-shutting-the-door-to-homeownership/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">banks not lending to them\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/eriksherman/2017/09/16/job-discrimination-against-blacks-and-latinos-has-changed-little-or-none-in-25-years/#8f4a5fc51e3e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outright discrimination in the job market\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turk said if a parent deals with discrimination when they try to rent a home, or in the job market, “there’s a trickle down effect [to] their babies and their children.” Unstable employment and housing “means then their babies are directly impacted by this,” Turk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Social Safety Net Helps\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In California, poor families are not completely on their own. Experts estimate that the child poverty numbers would be almost 15 percent higher — around one in three kids — if it wasn’t for the social safety net, a tapestry of local, state and federal programs that give help to impoverished families. From Section 8 housing vouchers, to food stamps, cash aid and subsidized preschool, the welfare benefits in California are robust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is funding for providing healthful food, milk or other dairy products. There’s subsidies for parent to make sure they’re in housing for their children. There are child care subsidies,” Turk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said these programs are clearly helping families from falling into complete disaster. Norma Sandoval agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mom she works, my dad works, my boyfriend’s parents they work, so no one would be able to watch the baby,” Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She gets MediCal for her baby and food stamps, both state and federally funded programs. Her child care is also free, paid to her high school child care center by the state of California. But she’s one of the lucky ones. \u003ca href=\"https://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/1-2-million-california-children-eligible-subsidized-child-care-not-receive-services-state-programs-2015/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to a 2016 report\u003c/a> from the California Budget and Policy Center, six out of seven parents eligible for child care subsidies did not get them, and the waiting list can be more than 1 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think if I didn’t have child care I wouldn’t make it,” Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737401\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737401\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-800x668.jpg\" alt=\"Merced County resident Norma Sandoval holds her four-month-old son, Alex.\" width=\"800\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-800x668.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-160x134.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-1020x852.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-1200x1003.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Merced County resident Norma Sandoval holds her four-month-old son, Alex. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the subsidies she gets, Sandoval still can’t buy all the basics for her baby. So she leans on her family, her unofficial safety net. She doesn’t pay rent to her boyfriend’s parents, and her own parents buy her extra food and the baby’s diapers, which add up to a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the safety net that holds parents like Sandoval is working, it’s also a byzantine system to navigate. It’s something that Monika Grasley, president of a nonprofit community organization in Merced called Lifeline CDC, sees parents struggle with every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t understand why we have food stamps that allow us to buy junk food but do not provide diapers, it makes no sense to me,” Grasley said. “So what it encourages parents to do is sell their food stamps so they can purchase diapers for their babies.” And with less resources, parents tend to choose the cheapest food option for their children, which oftentimes have little nutritional value, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grasley said there are also many issues that impoverished families deal with for which government help is limited or nonexistent. Many that she works with don’t have transportation. They struggle to find child care, and some don’t even have a cell phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all about how do I survive, not how do I thrive,” Grasley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norma Sandoval herself grew up with very little. But she wants better for her baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Slowly slowly we’re going to learn, slowly we’re going to get that help that we need to get a better life for us and our kids,” Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so, on top of everything else she is juggling, Sandoval shows up to Yosemite High School which has a special program for teen moms like her. She’s got big dreams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My plan is to finish high school, go to college and be a nurse,” Sandoval said. She admits before getting pregnant she hated school and used to ditch classes often. Now she wouldn’t do that, “because I have a baby and I want a better life for him and me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This story is part of KQED’s series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/starting-blocks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Starting Blocks\u003c/a>, which is examining the hurdles faced by California’s kids, especially those in low income families.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an Early Childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College, which is funded in part by First 5 LA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A lack of affordable housing and scarce subsidized child care are two reasons why California has the nation's highest rate of child poverty.",
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"title": "Childhood Poverty: California's 'Moral Outrage' | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">W\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>hen Norma Sandoval of Merced looks at her baby son Alex, and really stares into his eyes, she sees a wise, old man. His eyebrows have this way of zigging and then zagging, he sucks his lips into his mouth as if he is pondering the universe. He makes Sandoval laugh, because really, what could a four-month old be contemplating? For Sandoval, Alex is the best thing in her life, which is otherwise full of challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many first-time moms, Sandoval has been on a steep learning curve caring for Alex. She gets a lot of help from her own mother, who has eight other children, and from the child care workers who care for Alex while she finishes high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval’s mother was a teen when she had her, and despite swearing she wouldn’t do the same, here she is at 17 with a four-month old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would see all these mothers so young and I would be like, oh my god they’re so stupid, how did they get pregnant so early,” Sandoval said. She laughed and added, “and then I got pregnant and now I’m like them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval knows what everyone thinks of her being a teen mom, but she is resolute — she wants the best for her baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mom’s determination might mean Alex will have a very bright future ahead of him, but right now he is part of a statistic that doesn’t bode well for his life chances: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kidsdata.org/blog/?p=8727\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">43 percent of all children under three years-old in Merced county live in poverty\u003c/a>. Sandoval doesn’t know a single person her age who isn’t struggling to make ends meet. It’s just how life is, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Poverty has long been a political football, and the current polarized climate lays bare the tussle. At one end, child poverty has been called a “moral outrage” by California’s progressive governor, Gavin Newsom, who has vowed to end it. At the other end of the political spectrum, Housing and Urban Development Secretary Ben Carson has said poverty is a “state of mind,” echoing the Trump administration position that government aid is not the answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost two decades ago, Norma Sandoval was herself born into an impoverished family. Her father, an immigrant from Mexico, went off daily to work the fields and her mother ran an ad-hoc childcare service out of their tiny apartment, mostly to help other families so parents could go work in the fields while she looked after the children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite both her parents working full-time much of her life, in her 17 years, Sandoval nor her parents have been able to climb above their challenging economic circumstances. So, like her mother before her, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kidsdata.org/PovertyDeeperLook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">285,162 parents statewide\u003c/a>, she too now raises her baby while living below the federal poverty line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval has all the usual concerns and anxieties of a 17-year-old, but on a recent Wednesday morning she was particularly worried about how many times Alex had pooped. Her brow was deeply creased as she discussed what to do with Emily Maltva, the lead teacher at the child development center that sits on the campus of Yosemite High School where Sandoval is a junior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He pooped like twice,” Sandoval told Maltva. “I changed him and then like 10 minutes later he pooped again.” Maltva reassured her that this was completely normal for a baby. Then Sandoval confessed that it wasn’t really the pooping that worried her. Diapers are expensive. Sandoval’s brow furrowed further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have like that money or nothing,” she confessed. “But I don’t think money makes you a good mother or not,” she said, declaring that she was a very good mother for Alex. Not having money just makes things harder, Sandoval said as she prepared Alex for the half-hour trudge to her boyfriend’s parents’ apartment where they are currently living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Child poverty in California is definitely a serious problem,” said Sara Kimberlin, senior policy analyst with the California Budget and Policy Center (CBPC).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a problem that has gotten steadily worse over the years as the numbers of babies and children living in poverty has increased. The numbers are stark. One in five babies and toddlers in California were born into poverty in the last few years. That’s down from five years ago when one quarter of all babies statewide lived below the federal poverty line. In some places it is much higher, like Alex’s home, in Merced County, and the counties of Glenn, Colusa, Trinity and Tehama, where almost half of all babies born start life in impoverished families.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Is California’s Housing Crisis to Blame?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The earliest data on early childhood poverty came soon after standards for measuring poverty were first developed in the 1960s. By 1970 — one of the first years this data for young children was collected — about 14 percent of kids under five were poor in California. That number climbed steadily over the years. In 2012 it was 26 percent of all children statewide, according to Census and American Community Survey data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recent studies, like one from the San Francisco-based Center for the Next Generation, highlight the long-term economic threat posed by California’s high rates of childhood poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did the baby poverty numbers get so high? The answer has little to do with babies themselves. While the cost of diapers and infant formula has risen, Kimberlin points to macro-economic factors that have seen more families fall below the poverty line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CBPC’s Kimberlin said California’s rising housing costs have perhaps been the biggest factor in pushing more families out from self sufficiency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From 2006 to 2016, rents in California rose by about three times as much median annual earnings for a full-time worker,” said Kimberlin. “That just creates a long-term problem where more and more families find themselves squeezed trying to cover their basic costs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the 2008 subprime mortgage crisis hit, the number of California children under two-years-old in poverty climbed steeply, Kimberlin said. “The great recession definitely made things worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737459\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737459\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"Alex Sandoval, age four months, begins his day at a child care center with his mom, Norma, playing with one of his favorite toys. Norma attends Yosemite High School while Alex attends the child care center attached to the school.\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-800x544.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-1020x694.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile-1200x816.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Alex-And-Mom-Mobile.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alex Sandoval, age four months, begins his day at a child care center with his mom, Norma, playing with one of his favorite toys. Norma attends Yosemite High School while Alex attends the child care center attached to the school. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kimberlin said the recession’s impact can be traced to the spike in impoverished babies and toddlers. One of the most decisive budget cuts in the years of the recession was to subsidized child care that the state of California provided for low-income families. So add to the stagnating wages and high housing costs the “shrinking availability of affordable childcare,” and Kimberlin said and you have “a perfect storm that really made it difficult for families with children to make ends meet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet during the years of the recession, many Californians suffered, and the worsening situation for the state’s youngest residents didn’t sound alarm bells. Many children who are now in elementary school were babies and toddlers during the recession. They missed out on quality early education as preschool seats disappeared after 2008, and parents had to figure out babysitting or drop out of the workforce. With less family income the nutrition they received in their critical early development years was likely poorer, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lori Turk of the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children’s Health (LPFCH) wonders why the moral outrage at the increasing child poverty numbers isn’t more widespread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One in five babies being born into poverty in California is just absolutely unforgivable,” Turk said. During the recession years, one quarter of all babies were born into poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the demographics of the impoverished babies and toddlers has something to do with the lack of attention and action. In California it’s disproportionately babies of color that are born into poverty, something Turk said has nothing to do with the babies themselves. “Really this is about historical discriminatory practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year Kidsdata, a project of LPFCH, releases a report documenting the number of children in poverty. Turk said the high numbers of children of color in poverty comes from the discrimination their parents have suffered over the years. “For housing, for employment, the parents may be treated differently,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been well documented that African-Americans, Latinos and other immigrant groups \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2018/03/28/redlining-was-banned-50-years-ago-its-still-hurting-minorities-today/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.f359268f5cfc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have encountered redlining in housing\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.revealnews.org/article/for-people-of-color-banks-are-shutting-the-door-to-homeownership/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">banks not lending to them\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/eriksherman/2017/09/16/job-discrimination-against-blacks-and-latinos-has-changed-little-or-none-in-25-years/#8f4a5fc51e3e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outright discrimination in the job market\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turk said if a parent deals with discrimination when they try to rent a home, or in the job market, “there’s a trickle down effect [to] their babies and their children.” Unstable employment and housing “means then their babies are directly impacted by this,” Turk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Social Safety Net Helps\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In California, poor families are not completely on their own. Experts estimate that the child poverty numbers would be almost 15 percent higher — around one in three kids — if it wasn’t for the social safety net, a tapestry of local, state and federal programs that give help to impoverished families. From Section 8 housing vouchers, to food stamps, cash aid and subsidized preschool, the welfare benefits in California are robust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is funding for providing healthful food, milk or other dairy products. There’s subsidies for parent to make sure they’re in housing for their children. There are child care subsidies,” Turk said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said these programs are clearly helping families from falling into complete disaster. Norma Sandoval agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mom she works, my dad works, my boyfriend’s parents they work, so no one would be able to watch the baby,” Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She gets MediCal for her baby and food stamps, both state and federally funded programs. Her child care is also free, paid to her high school child care center by the state of California. But she’s one of the lucky ones. \u003ca href=\"https://calbudgetcenter.org/resources/1-2-million-california-children-eligible-subsidized-child-care-not-receive-services-state-programs-2015/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to a 2016 report\u003c/a> from the California Budget and Policy Center, six out of seven parents eligible for child care subsidies did not get them, and the waiting list can be more than 1 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think if I didn’t have child care I wouldn’t make it,” Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737401\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737401\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-800x668.jpg\" alt=\"Merced County resident Norma Sandoval holds her four-month-old son, Alex.\" width=\"800\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-800x668.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-160x134.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-1020x852.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror-1200x1003.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Baby-in-Mirror.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Merced County resident Norma Sandoval holds her four-month-old son, Alex. \u003ccite>(Matt Rogers/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the subsidies she gets, Sandoval still can’t buy all the basics for her baby. So she leans on her family, her unofficial safety net. She doesn’t pay rent to her boyfriend’s parents, and her own parents buy her extra food and the baby’s diapers, which add up to a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the safety net that holds parents like Sandoval is working, it’s also a byzantine system to navigate. It’s something that Monika Grasley, president of a nonprofit community organization in Merced called Lifeline CDC, sees parents struggle with every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t understand why we have food stamps that allow us to buy junk food but do not provide diapers, it makes no sense to me,” Grasley said. “So what it encourages parents to do is sell their food stamps so they can purchase diapers for their babies.” And with less resources, parents tend to choose the cheapest food option for their children, which oftentimes have little nutritional value, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grasley said there are also many issues that impoverished families deal with for which government help is limited or nonexistent. Many that she works with don’t have transportation. They struggle to find child care, and some don’t even have a cell phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all about how do I survive, not how do I thrive,” Grasley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norma Sandoval herself grew up with very little. But she wants better for her baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Slowly slowly we’re going to learn, slowly we’re going to get that help that we need to get a better life for us and our kids,” Sandoval said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so, on top of everything else she is juggling, Sandoval shows up to Yosemite High School which has a special program for teen moms like her. She’s got big dreams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My plan is to finish high school, go to college and be a nurse,” Sandoval said. She admits before getting pregnant she hated school and used to ditch classes often. Now she wouldn’t do that, “because I have a baby and I want a better life for him and me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This story is part of KQED’s series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/starting-blocks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Starting Blocks\u003c/a>, which is examining the hurdles faced by California’s kids, especially those in low income families.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an Early Childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College, which is funded in part by First 5 LA.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Women in California are paid from 41 cents to 80 cents for every dollar paid to a white man — a wide range that varies by race — despite efforts by lawmakers to bridge that gap, including a series of recent amendments to the state’s equal pay act. The total losses amount to more than $87 billion a year for women in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, women employed full-time, year-round in California are typically paid 89 cents for every dollar paid to all men in the state, according to the National Partnership for Women & Families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='equal-pay' label='Equal Pay in California']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some female leaders, including First Partner Jennifer Siebel Newsom, are aiming to close that divide even further with an initiative announced Monday: They’re asking businesses to pledge to conduct an annual gender pay analysis and to review hiring and promotion practices to stamp out unconscious bias and structural barriers to ensuring equal pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirteen businesses, including Apple, Airbnb, AT&T Communications Inc., Salesforce and Square, have signed on to the initiative, which is also being led by \u003ca href=\"https://women.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Commission on the Status of Women and Girls\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.timesupnow.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Time’s Up\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Across industries, women in the workforce earn less money than men do, and women of color often lose out the most. While California has some of the strongest laws on the books to ensure equal pay, passing a law is only the first step,” said Rebecca Goldman, interim CEO of Time’s Up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been hailed as leading the nation in efforts to close the pay gap: In 2016, a new state law went into effect (the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10663618/equal-pay-bill-heads-to-governors-desk-for-promised-signature\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Fair Pay Act\u003c/a>) mandating that women be paid the same as their male colleagues “for substantially similar work.” It also imposed a ban on retaliation against women who discuss their pay, or ask about the salaries of colleagues, while on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, lawmakers amended an older state law — the California Equal Pay Act, stating that an employer could not rely on prior pay to set salaries. In 2018, the law was amended again to say that employers could no longer ask about a potential employee’s previous salary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, the gap remains. The National Partnership for Women & Families found wide gulfs between what a white man earns and what white women and women of color make in California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737305\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737305\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-800x890.jpg\" alt=\"Those gaps amount to yearly lost earnings in the thousands of dollars for women: $44,500 for Latinas, $39,000 for Native Americans, $31,000 for blacks, $21,500 for Asian Americans, and $15,100 for white, non-Hispanics. Data analysis by the National Partnership for Women & Families using U.S. Census data from 2017 and 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"890\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-800x890.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-160x178.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-1020x1135.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-1079x1200.jpg 1079w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-1920x2136.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut.jpg 1841w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Analysis by the National Partnership for Women & Families using U.S. Census data from 2017 and 2018. \u003ccite>(Elena Lacey/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those gaps mean women are typically paid this much less than white, non-Hispanic men every year: $44,500 for Latinas, $39,000 for Native Americans, $31,000 for blacks, $21,500 for Asian Americans, and $15,100 for white non-Hispanics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11737294\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Wage-Gap-KQED.gif\" alt=\"California Pay Gap Wage Gap-KQED\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You put a law on the books but that doesn’t stop things overnight, said Andrea Johnson, senior counsel for state policy at the National Women’s Law Center. “A lot of the stereotypes that lead to pay discrimination are very deeply ingrained. And so there is a lot that we need to be doing to stop them from being perpetuated throughout workplaces on the front end.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those efforts, she said, is Siebel Newsom’s initiative — which echoes that of the Obama administration’s White House equal pay pledge that a number of companies signed onto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an important tool to increase awareness amongst companies of the many things that are affecting pay,” she said. Having companies pledge to conduct companywide gender pay analysis is “important,” she added, because “doing that regular equal pay analysis is a crucial tool to closing the wage gap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Andrea Johnson, senior counsel for state policy at the National Women’s Law Center']‘A lot of the stereotypes that lead to pay discrimination are very deeply ingrained. And so there is a lot that we need to be doing to stop them from being perpetuated throughout workplaces on the front end.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this kind of initiative is an important part of the fight to achieving equal pay, “on its own, it’s incomplete,” said Vasu Reddy, senior policy counsel for workplace programs at the National Partnership for Women & Families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These types of initiatives are really great at pulling out companies that want to do better, but they don’t address bad actors that are out there that are not interested in improving their practices,” she said. “And you really need laws to back up these practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the initiative is outreach around California law, Reddy said, “it is a really powerful part of getting towards equal pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Other states don’t do as well necessarily with passing laws or with creating these kinds of initiatives,” she added. “It’s really important that we continue to have progress towards federal solutions on equal pay, because it’s really important that whether you’re paid fairly shouldn’t depend on where you live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got a news tip or comment? Email the reporter: mleitsinger@kqed.org. You can also reach her on the encrypted communications app, Signal: 650-888-2765.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some female leaders, including First Partner Jennifer Siebel Newsom, are aiming to close that divide even further with an initiative announced Monday: They’re asking businesses to pledge to conduct an annual gender pay analysis and to review hiring and promotion practices to stamp out unconscious bias and structural barriers to ensuring equal pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirteen businesses, including Apple, Airbnb, AT&T Communications Inc., Salesforce and Square, have signed on to the initiative, which is also being led by \u003ca href=\"https://women.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Commission on the Status of Women and Girls\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.timesupnow.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Time’s Up\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Across industries, women in the workforce earn less money than men do, and women of color often lose out the most. While California has some of the strongest laws on the books to ensure equal pay, passing a law is only the first step,” said Rebecca Goldman, interim CEO of Time’s Up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been hailed as leading the nation in efforts to close the pay gap: In 2016, a new state law went into effect (the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10663618/equal-pay-bill-heads-to-governors-desk-for-promised-signature\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Fair Pay Act\u003c/a>) mandating that women be paid the same as their male colleagues “for substantially similar work.” It also imposed a ban on retaliation against women who discuss their pay, or ask about the salaries of colleagues, while on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, lawmakers amended an older state law — the California Equal Pay Act, stating that an employer could not rely on prior pay to set salaries. In 2018, the law was amended again to say that employers could no longer ask about a potential employee’s previous salary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, the gap remains. The National Partnership for Women & Families found wide gulfs between what a white man earns and what white women and women of color make in California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11737305\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11737305\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-800x890.jpg\" alt=\"Those gaps amount to yearly lost earnings in the thousands of dollars for women: $44,500 for Latinas, $39,000 for Native Americans, $31,000 for blacks, $21,500 for Asian Americans, and $15,100 for white, non-Hispanics. Data analysis by the National Partnership for Women & Families using U.S. Census data from 2017 and 2018.\" width=\"800\" height=\"890\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-800x890.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-160x178.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-1020x1135.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-1079x1200.jpg 1079w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut-1920x2136.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/04022019_graphic_pay-gap-equal-pay-day-women-discrimination-qut.jpg 1841w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Analysis by the National Partnership for Women & Families using U.S. Census data from 2017 and 2018. \u003ccite>(Elena Lacey/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those gaps mean women are typically paid this much less than white, non-Hispanic men every year: $44,500 for Latinas, $39,000 for Native Americans, $31,000 for blacks, $21,500 for Asian Americans, and $15,100 for white non-Hispanics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11737294\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/Wage-Gap-KQED.gif\" alt=\"California Pay Gap Wage Gap-KQED\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You put a law on the books but that doesn’t stop things overnight, said Andrea Johnson, senior counsel for state policy at the National Women’s Law Center. “A lot of the stereotypes that lead to pay discrimination are very deeply ingrained. And so there is a lot that we need to be doing to stop them from being perpetuated throughout workplaces on the front end.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those efforts, she said, is Siebel Newsom’s initiative — which echoes that of the Obama administration’s White House equal pay pledge that a number of companies signed onto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an important tool to increase awareness amongst companies of the many things that are affecting pay,” she said. Having companies pledge to conduct companywide gender pay analysis is “important,” she added, because “doing that regular equal pay analysis is a crucial tool to closing the wage gap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this kind of initiative is an important part of the fight to achieving equal pay, “on its own, it’s incomplete,” said Vasu Reddy, senior policy counsel for workplace programs at the National Partnership for Women & Families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These types of initiatives are really great at pulling out companies that want to do better, but they don’t address bad actors that are out there that are not interested in improving their practices,” she said. “And you really need laws to back up these practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the initiative is outreach around California law, Reddy said, “it is a really powerful part of getting towards equal pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Other states don’t do as well necessarily with passing laws or with creating these kinds of initiatives,” she added. “It’s really important that we continue to have progress towards federal solutions on equal pay, because it’s really important that whether you’re paid fairly shouldn’t depend on where you live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got a news tip or comment? Email the reporter: mleitsinger@kqed.org. You can also reach her on the encrypted communications app, Signal: 650-888-2765.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "its-not-just-avocados-closing-mexico-border-would-hit-u-s-auto-plants-too",
"title": "It's Not Just Avocados. Closing Mexico Border Would Hit U.S. Auto Plants Too",
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"content": "\u003cp>Frustrated by the large number of Central Americans who’ve been crossing the border from Mexico, President Trump has threatened to take dramatic action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Kristin Dziczek, vice president of the Center for Automotive Research in Michigan']‘Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t stop ’em, we’re closing the border,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708170918/trump-threatens-to-close-southern-border-unless-mexico-blocks-all-illegal-immigr\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trump warned Friday\u003c/a>. “They’ll close it. And we’ll keep it closed for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/18/658607385/as-caravan-of-migrants-heads-north-trump-threatens-to-close-southern-u-s-border\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not the first time\u003c/a> Trump has sounded that warning. And so far he has not followed through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halting cross-border traffic with one of the nation’s biggest trading partners could do serious damage to the U.S. economy, including industries located far from Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retailers in San Diego got a small taste of that last November, when members of a migrant caravan charged the border and U.S. officials closed one border crossing in response. While that shutdown lasted only a few hours, it came on what should have been one of the busiest shopping days of the year. And the fallout was severe, costing local merchants an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/29/671996734/temporary-shutdown-of-u-s-mexico-border-had-large-economic-impact-for-businesses\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">$5.3 million in lost sales\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I easily, easily lost between $3,500 to $4,500 just that day,” said Louie Saloumi, who runs a churro stand in an outlet mall just north of the border that caters to Mexican shoppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saloumi said if the border were closed for a full week, he’d be out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That mall would be a ghost town,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the entire U.S. border with Mexico would also put the brakes on more than $1.6 billion worth of goods that cross back and forth every day, including 50 million pounds of fresh Mexican produce that now fills 100 warehouses in Nogales, Ariz. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One importer warned that the U.S. would run out of avocados in three weeks, but guacamole is the least of it. Fresh tomatoes, peppers, melons and eggplant for the whole country would soon be in short supply. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably over half of what most consumers put in their shopping bag when it comes to fresh produce, they would find reduced quantities and higher prices,” said Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already announced plans to halt truck traffic through Nogales on Sundays, as customs officers who typically staff the border crossing there are reassigned to deal with the influx of Central American migrants. If that shutdown extends to other days of the week, Jungmeyer worries some people will be out of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='immigration' label='The latest immigration news']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s jobs that depend on moving goods back and forth every day. And if that’s not moving, those people are laid off,” Jungmeyer said. “That means those people are not able to keep the lights on in their own homes and to put groceries in their own refrigerators. So it gets really dicey, really quick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effects aren’t limited to the border region. Mexico is a critical supplier for companies throughout the U.S., including the highly integrated auto industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t just trade with each other. We’re making things together,” said Kristin Dziczek, vice president of the Center for Automotive Research in Michigan. “Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. assembly plants are especially dependent on Mexico for some critical parts such as wiring harnesses. Without them, those plants would soon grind to a halt. And that in turn would idle domestic parts makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll see auto production in the U.S. shut down pretty quickly. Some within hours and certainly the whole industry within days,” Dziczek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fallout from a complete border shutdown would be so fast and so sweeping it’s hard to take the president’s threat seriously, Dziczek said. But White House aides insist it’s a real possibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It certainly isn’t a bluff,” White House counselor Kellyanne Conway told \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQesSTYk0KA&feature=youtu.be&t=524\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Fox News Sunday\u003c/a>. “You can take the president seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies throughout the U.S. routinely make contingency plans for supply disruptions, but it’s impossible to prepare for something like a complete border shutdown. If the worst does happen, Dziczek joked that she does have one consolation: a stockpile of tequila that can last a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/business/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Read more stories from NPR Business.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+Not+Just+Avocados.+Closing+Mexico+Border+Would+Hit+U.S.+Auto+Plants+Too&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Frustrated by the large number of Central Americans who’ve been crossing the border from Mexico, President Trump has threatened to take dramatic action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t stop ’em, we’re closing the border,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708170918/trump-threatens-to-close-southern-border-unless-mexico-blocks-all-illegal-immigr\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trump warned Friday\u003c/a>. “They’ll close it. And we’ll keep it closed for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/18/658607385/as-caravan-of-migrants-heads-north-trump-threatens-to-close-southern-u-s-border\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not the first time\u003c/a> Trump has sounded that warning. And so far he has not followed through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halting cross-border traffic with one of the nation’s biggest trading partners could do serious damage to the U.S. economy, including industries located far from Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retailers in San Diego got a small taste of that last November, when members of a migrant caravan charged the border and U.S. officials closed one border crossing in response. While that shutdown lasted only a few hours, it came on what should have been one of the busiest shopping days of the year. And the fallout was severe, costing local merchants an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/29/671996734/temporary-shutdown-of-u-s-mexico-border-had-large-economic-impact-for-businesses\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">$5.3 million in lost sales\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I easily, easily lost between $3,500 to $4,500 just that day,” said Louie Saloumi, who runs a churro stand in an outlet mall just north of the border that caters to Mexican shoppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saloumi said if the border were closed for a full week, he’d be out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That mall would be a ghost town,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the entire U.S. border with Mexico would also put the brakes on more than $1.6 billion worth of goods that cross back and forth every day, including 50 million pounds of fresh Mexican produce that now fills 100 warehouses in Nogales, Ariz. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One importer warned that the U.S. would run out of avocados in three weeks, but guacamole is the least of it. Fresh tomatoes, peppers, melons and eggplant for the whole country would soon be in short supply. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably over half of what most consumers put in their shopping bag when it comes to fresh produce, they would find reduced quantities and higher prices,” said Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already announced plans to halt truck traffic through Nogales on Sundays, as customs officers who typically staff the border crossing there are reassigned to deal with the influx of Central American migrants. If that shutdown extends to other days of the week, Jungmeyer worries some people will be out of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "South L.A. Hosts First Job Fair for Transgender Workers",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a recent Wednesday afternoon, employers set up displays in a big white tent at Los Angeles Trade-Tech College for what was billed as the first transgender career fair in South L.A.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventy-six employers showed up, ranging from Starbucks and Trader Joe’s to Bank of America and Disney. Brochures were laid out along with applications for entry-level to senior management positions. Organizers say 772 job seekers showed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More KQED coverage of LGBTQ issues\" tag=\"lgbtq\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who identify as transgender are more likely to have difficulty finding work and keeping their jobs. Studies have found that the unemployment rate for transgender workers is two to three times higher than it is for the overall U.S. workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ustranssurvey.org/reports\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015 U.S. Transgender Survey\u003c/a>, “thirty percent of respondents who had a job reported being fired, denied a promotion, or experiencing some other form of mistreatment in the workplace due to their gender identity or expression, such as being verbally harassed or physically or sexually assaulted at work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11736552\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1119px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11736552\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1119\" height=\"839\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318.jpg 1119w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1119px) 100vw, 1119px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Daniel, a transgender activist, says managers have harassed him because of his gender identity. \u003ccite>(Avishay Artsy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2017, California \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodwinlaw.com/publications/2017/11/ca-employer_transgender-persons-in-workplace\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">expanded protections\u003c/a> of transgender people in the workplace. These new regulations, among other things, bar employers from asking about a person’s sex, gender identity or gender expression; requires employers to use the employee’s preferred gender, name or pronoun; and expands protections to include “transitioning” employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, companies can do more, says Rex Wilde, program director for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://transcanwork.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TransCanWork\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way to become a trans affirming employer is to provide gender inclusion trainings to all of your staff from the top to the bottom,” Wilde said. The career fair began with a gender inclusion training seminar for all participating employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilde said the job seekers ranged from recent high school graduates to people with master’s degrees and with military experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The industry is changing drastically and we are casting a wider net,” said Chantel Diaz, coordinator of global diversity and inclusion for AEG, the live sports and entertainment company. “The equity of the people that you have working for your company is very important. A lot of companies that are more diverse do better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This event was billed as the first South L.A. transgender career fair. South L.A. is roughly 64 percent Latino and 31 percent black, and transgender people of color face even more barriers to finding professional work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where the homeless rates are very high — 41 percent and above,” said Rizi Timane, transgender health program manager at St. John’s Well Child and Family Center.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timane says trans people of color are especially at risk of financial instability, which leads to higher risk of homelessness, depression and suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an internal survey of St. John’s patients, we have about 2,500-plus trans patients, and 50 percent of them registered as homeless. And it’s all part of the employment discrimination, not having jobs, it’s all intertwined,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers hope to make the South L.A. transgender career fair an annual event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who identify as transgender are more likely to have difficulty finding work and keeping their jobs. Studies have found that the unemployment rate for transgender workers is two to three times higher than it is for the overall U.S. workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ustranssurvey.org/reports\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2015 U.S. Transgender Survey\u003c/a>, “thirty percent of respondents who had a job reported being fired, denied a promotion, or experiencing some other form of mistreatment in the workplace due to their gender identity or expression, such as being verbally harassed or physically or sexually assaulted at work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11736552\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1119px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11736552\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1119\" height=\"839\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318.jpg 1119w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-1044x783.jpg 1044w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/IMG_1318-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1119px) 100vw, 1119px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Daniel, a transgender activist, says managers have harassed him because of his gender identity. \u003ccite>(Avishay Artsy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 2017, California \u003ca href=\"https://www.goodwinlaw.com/publications/2017/11/ca-employer_transgender-persons-in-workplace\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">expanded protections\u003c/a> of transgender people in the workplace. These new regulations, among other things, bar employers from asking about a person’s sex, gender identity or gender expression; requires employers to use the employee’s preferred gender, name or pronoun; and expands protections to include “transitioning” employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, companies can do more, says Rex Wilde, program director for the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://transcanwork.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TransCanWork\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best way to become a trans affirming employer is to provide gender inclusion trainings to all of your staff from the top to the bottom,” Wilde said. The career fair began with a gender inclusion training seminar for all participating employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilde said the job seekers ranged from recent high school graduates to people with master’s degrees and with military experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The industry is changing drastically and we are casting a wider net,” said Chantel Diaz, coordinator of global diversity and inclusion for AEG, the live sports and entertainment company. “The equity of the people that you have working for your company is very important. A lot of companies that are more diverse do better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This event was billed as the first South L.A. transgender career fair. South L.A. is roughly 64 percent Latino and 31 percent black, and transgender people of color face even more barriers to finding professional work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where the homeless rates are very high — 41 percent and above,” said Rizi Timane, transgender health program manager at St. John’s Well Child and Family Center.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timane says trans people of color are especially at risk of financial instability, which leads to higher risk of homelessness, depression and suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an internal survey of St. John’s patients, we have about 2,500-plus trans patients, and 50 percent of them registered as homeless. And it’s all part of the employment discrimination, not having jobs, it’s all intertwined,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers hope to make the South L.A. transgender career fair an annual event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This week, the Public Policy Institute of California released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/wp-content/uploads/ppic-statewide-survey-californians-and-their-government-march-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">poll\u003c/a> showing that housing affordability is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11735813/poll-californians-give-newsom-agenda-rave-reviews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">top concern\u003c/a> for a record-high percentage of Californians: Two-thirds statewide and 80 percent in the Bay Area. So why is it so hard to get new housing built?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are few local politicians more bullish about housing than San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo. Housing is one of the top priorities in his latest \u003ca href=\"https://sanjosespotlight.com/sam-liccardo-focuses-on-housing-crisis-in-new-budget-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">budget proposal\u003c/a>, which builds on his previously-stated goal of building 10,000 new housing units by 2022, some of it affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He doesn’t hesitate to link housing and homelessness, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='housing' label='More KQED Housing Coverage']This week, the San Jose City Council expanded a program to give people on the edge of homelessness \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/03/27/san-jose-program-gives-money-to-families-at-risk-of-becoming-homeless/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">emergency grants\u003c/a> to help them stay off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think most folks would be surprised to know that, here in Santa Clara County, we have housed more than 6,000 homeless people over a period of three years, and the overwhelming majority of them stayed housed,” Liccardo said. “But the problem isn’t any better. Because, of course, the economy’s pushing out thousands of others into the street. The only way we’re gonna get traction on this problem is to be able to keep more folks housed who are getting pushed out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Liccardo says it will take more action from Silicon Valley cities other than San Jose to make a dent in the housing crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality of the political calculus is, we know an awful lot of suburban voters already have got theirs. Right? They own their homes. Those homes are appreciating rapidly in value,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do you bring those voters on board, without whom it could be hard to find city council members who want to approve a lot of new housing? Liccardo says, “When they recognize that their children have nowhere to live,” they might change their tune.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11736591\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-800x244.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-800x244.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-160x49.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-1020x311.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-1200x366.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-1920x586.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe yes and maybe no. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Redwood City Councilwoman Alicia Aguirre \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Local-leaders-find-that-supporting-Bay-Area-13575312.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lost her spot\u003c/a> on the \u003ca href=\"https://mtc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Metropolitan Transportation Commission\u003c/a> (MTC) because she backed the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://mtc.ca.gov/our-work/plans-projects/casa-committee-house-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CASA Compact\u003c/a>, which includes a wide array of housing proposals that, as a whole, have been embraced by the mayors of San Jose, San Francisco and Oakland, as well as several regional organizations and Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11736593\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-800x234.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-800x234.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-160x47.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-1020x299.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-1200x351.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-1920x562.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And check out this headline summarizing a recent meeting in famously housing-resistant Palo Alto: \u003ca href=\"https://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/2019/03/29/peninsula-cities-prepare-for-battle-over-contentious-housing-bill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Peninsula cities prepare for battle over contentious housing bill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bay Area lawmakers have introduced 13 bills to implement the CASA policies, many of which involve moving control over housing and development to the state. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11730990/new-bill-would-create-a-regional-housing-government-for-the-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AB 1487,\u003c/a> for instance, would authorize a new regional housing agency to levy taxes, issue debt and impose zoning standards in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='casa' label='Coverage of CASA']For many in the Bay Area’s smaller suburbs, CASA is a looming bulldozer to the local control they’ve exercised for decades on the whether, what and how of residential development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local control advocates decry the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869236/major-housing-plan-gets-approval-from-mtc-association-of-bay-area-governments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">smaller footprint\u003c/a> smaller cities have on the committee that came up with CASA. But the unspoken fear for local politicians is they will be held accountable at the ballot box for locally unpopular housing policies they are forced to enact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there’s little doubt the big cities can’t go it alone. Even in “go go go” San Jose and Oakland, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/03/20/why-wont-developers-build-housing-in-this-bay-area-city/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city officials acknowledge\u003c/a> residential housing developers and their financial backers are failing to meet targets for what Liccardo calls “shovels in the ground,” especially for affordable unit construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got 99 cities and towns in this Bay Area. And right now the three large cities — Oakland, San Francisco and San Jose — are leaning in hard on trying to get more housing built. We’re not going to make progress with just three cities. We need everyone pushing together,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week, the Public Policy Institute of California released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/wp-content/uploads/ppic-statewide-survey-californians-and-their-government-march-2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">poll\u003c/a> showing that housing affordability is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11735813/poll-californians-give-newsom-agenda-rave-reviews\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">top concern\u003c/a> for a record-high percentage of Californians: Two-thirds statewide and 80 percent in the Bay Area. So why is it so hard to get new housing built?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are few local politicians more bullish about housing than San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo. Housing is one of the top priorities in his latest \u003ca href=\"https://sanjosespotlight.com/sam-liccardo-focuses-on-housing-crisis-in-new-budget-plan/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">budget proposal\u003c/a>, which builds on his previously-stated goal of building 10,000 new housing units by 2022, some of it affordable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He doesn’t hesitate to link housing and homelessness, either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This week, the San Jose City Council expanded a program to give people on the edge of homelessness \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/03/27/san-jose-program-gives-money-to-families-at-risk-of-becoming-homeless/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">emergency grants\u003c/a> to help them stay off the streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think most folks would be surprised to know that, here in Santa Clara County, we have housed more than 6,000 homeless people over a period of three years, and the overwhelming majority of them stayed housed,” Liccardo said. “But the problem isn’t any better. Because, of course, the economy’s pushing out thousands of others into the street. The only way we’re gonna get traction on this problem is to be able to keep more folks housed who are getting pushed out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Liccardo says it will take more action from Silicon Valley cities other than San Jose to make a dent in the housing crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality of the political calculus is, we know an awful lot of suburban voters already have got theirs. Right? They own their homes. Those homes are appreciating rapidly in value,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do you bring those voters on board, without whom it could be hard to find city council members who want to approve a lot of new housing? Liccardo says, “When they recognize that their children have nowhere to live,” they might change their tune.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11736591\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-800x244.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"244\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-800x244.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-160x49.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-1020x311.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-1200x366.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.33.22-PM-1920x586.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe yes and maybe no. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, Redwood City Councilwoman Alicia Aguirre \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Local-leaders-find-that-supporting-Bay-Area-13575312.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lost her spot\u003c/a> on the \u003ca href=\"https://mtc.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Metropolitan Transportation Commission\u003c/a> (MTC) because she backed the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://mtc.ca.gov/our-work/plans-projects/casa-committee-house-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CASA Compact\u003c/a>, which includes a wide array of housing proposals that, as a whole, have been embraced by the mayors of San Jose, San Francisco and Oakland, as well as several regional organizations and Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11736593\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-800x234.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-800x234.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-160x47.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-1020x299.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-1200x351.png 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/Screen-Shot-2019-03-29-at-3.34.23-PM-1920x562.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And check out this headline summarizing a recent meeting in famously housing-resistant Palo Alto: \u003ca href=\"https://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/2019/03/29/peninsula-cities-prepare-for-battle-over-contentious-housing-bill\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Peninsula cities prepare for battle over contentious housing bill\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bay Area lawmakers have introduced 13 bills to implement the CASA policies, many of which involve moving control over housing and development to the state. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11730990/new-bill-would-create-a-regional-housing-government-for-the-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">AB 1487,\u003c/a> for instance, would authorize a new regional housing agency to levy taxes, issue debt and impose zoning standards in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For many in the Bay Area’s smaller suburbs, CASA is a looming bulldozer to the local control they’ve exercised for decades on the whether, what and how of residential development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local control advocates decry the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869236/major-housing-plan-gets-approval-from-mtc-association-of-bay-area-governments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">smaller footprint\u003c/a> smaller cities have on the committee that came up with CASA. But the unspoken fear for local politicians is they will be held accountable at the ballot box for locally unpopular housing policies they are forced to enact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, there’s little doubt the big cities can’t go it alone. Even in “go go go” San Jose and Oakland, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/03/20/why-wont-developers-build-housing-in-this-bay-area-city/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">city officials acknowledge\u003c/a> residential housing developers and their financial backers are failing to meet targets for what Liccardo calls “shovels in the ground,” especially for affordable unit construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got 99 cities and towns in this Bay Area. And right now the three large cities — Oakland, San Francisco and San Jose — are leaning in hard on trying to get more housing built. We’re not going to make progress with just three cities. We need everyone pushing together,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"soldout": {
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