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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52671\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 248px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-52671\" title=\"chevronecuador\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ecuadoran lawyer Pablo Fajardo (R) shows the ratification of a sentence ordering Chevron to pay an for environmental damage, on January 4, 2012 (Rodrigo Buendia/AFP/Getty.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week an Ecuadoran appeals court \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/01/04/ecuador-court-upholds-18billion-ruling-against-chevron/\">upheld an $18 billion ruling against San Ramon-based oil giant Chevron\u003c/a> for pollution and ill health effects caused in the country’s rainforest. The decades-old damage stemmed from oil exploration by Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers on both sides of the lawsuit clashed yesterday on KQED Radio’s Forum program. \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201201090900\">Listen to the show here\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also on the program was Patrick Radden Keefe, an author and journalist who has written a \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/01/09/120109fa_fact_keefe\">piece on the case appearing in the latest issue of The New Yorker\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, after the decision by the Ecuadoran court, Radden Keefe \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2012/01/why-chevron-will-settle-in-ecuador.html\">wrote that he thinks Chevron will settle the case\u003c/a>, despite its vow not to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The most likely outcome is a settlement. In fact, according to a source close to the case, this fall Chevron’s general counsel, R. Hewitt Pate, initiated a secret meeting in San Francisco with John Keker, an attorney who represents Donziger, to explore the possibility of settling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In theory, Chevron has one final appeal in Ecuador, to the country’s Supreme Court. But to proceed with that appeal and stop the plaintiffs from trying to collect on the judgment in the meantime, Chevron would have to post a multi-billion dollar bond, which, given its jaundiced view of the rule of law in Ecuador, it seems unlikely to do. So for all intents and purposes, yesterday’s decision amounts to a green light for the plaintiffs to start collecting.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Forum, however, Radden Keefe explained the difficulty plaintiffs would have in trying to collect, and also where the case might go from here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The catch is the plaintiffs could start collecting, in theory, but Chevron doesn’t have any assets in Ecuador. So the plaintiffs will have to go to other places around the world and say there’s this judgment that you need to respect, and in theory they can try to repossess Chevron’s assets in those countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before that, there’s a final level of appeal to the Ecuadoran Supreme Court. But there’s some dispute as to whether Chevron might have to post a multi-billion dollar bond to make that appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is also trying to undo the judgement or indemnify itself through an arbitration process in the Hague. And Chevron right about the time the $18 billion judgement came down actually sued the lead lawyer for the plaintiff’s, American Steven Donziger, in New York federal court, accusing him of fraud and extortion and saying he was part of a racketeering conspiracy. That case has been suspended for the moment but may continue.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Donziger was a key figure in a 2009 documentary about the case, \u003cem>Crude\u003c/em>. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duFXuRnd2CU&feature=player_embedded\">Watch the trailer here\u003c/a>.) In 2010, Chevron won a lawsuit in which the film’s director, Joe Berlinger, was \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/16/entertainment/la-et-crude-20100716\">required to hand over certain outtakes\u003c/a> that the company said show legal and political manipulation on the part of Donziger. Chevron then used those clips as part of a public relations campaign against the high-profile legal team. Chevron also cited the omitted video as part of a countersuit, including federal racketeering claims, against plaintiffs’ attorneys. (You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/user/TexacoEcuador\">watch some of the documentary’s outtakes in this short film by Chevron \u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, KQED’s Kelly Wilkinson talked about the case with Cynie Payne, a Rutgers University assistant professor and former UC Berkeley lecturer who specializes in international and environmental law. Here’s an edited transcript:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How significant was the latest ruling? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent ruling by the Ecuador appeals court is one step in the process. US courts are similar to Ecuador courts – first trial, then appeals, then Supreme Court. So there’s one further level of review in this case.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nChevron says it doesn’t believe the ruling is enforceable and basically they have no intention of paying. Is there a point where this gets resolved or does it just keep going? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The normal course would be for Chevron to appeal the ruling in the courts of Ecuador and once that appeal goes to the Supreme Court there they get a final decision. Should the Supreme Court uphold the lower courts’ decisions, Ecuador would seek to enforce that in any country where Chevron has assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So it doesn’t need to be in Ecuador…\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the plaintiff can try to recover the judgment in any country where Chevron has holdings. After the initial trial court decision in Ecuador, Chevron went to US courts and sought a ruling that attempts to prevent any country from honoring the decision in Ecuador’s courts. That was overruled by a US Appeals Court, which said it’s not possible for US courts to dictate to courts of other sovereign nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Originally, Chevron wanted the trial originally to take place in Ecuador, correct?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one of the peculiar aspects of this case. Originally it was brought by Ecuadoran plaintfiffs in US court and Chevron argued strenuously to a US court that in fact Ecuador was the most appropriate place to try the case. So the US court said fine, bring the proceedings to Ecuador, which the plaintiffs did. But they didn’t the results they had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about this case is making it drag on so long?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases like this typically do take a long time. This case was originally filed in the US in one state, was removed to another state, and then it went to Ecuador. That extended the proceedings, and there were also lengthy factual findings and investigations with a court-appointed expert in Ecuador looking at the actual sites where the pollution was alleged to occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparison, you might think of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, which occurred decades ago but only recently wound up in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So could it be one strategy of Chevron to draw out the proceedings?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has taken a very aggressive litigation strategy in challenging this decision in numerous forums, including in international arbitration that’s based in The Hague. In fact courts that are asked to compel Chevron to pay the Ecuador judgmentwill need to take a look at that Hague arbitration proceeding, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is like a long-running melodrama. There will be another installment. The next step will be the Supreme court of Ecuador – when that decision comes, the plaintiffs will be free to try to collect the judgment. Then there will be much more complicated legal issues to look at because of the multiple places these things are going forward – US courts and international arbitration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there’s an interesting element to this case that may be replicated in other places. The case is all based in facts going back to the middle of the 20th century when there was a kind of free-for-all exploitation of natural resources in the developing world by developed countries. And the understanding and appreciation of the value of the resources and the problem of pollution have changed to some extent, so some of these settlements or agreements made with governments back in the 1960s or 1970s may seem highly inequitable to the current government of the country and to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the underlying issue of this case: It’s very difficult for the legal system to address that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may be that these things should not be handled in a litigation context. In light of the Chevron-Ecuador situation and the charges leveled on both sides about procedural misdeeds it seems that this has not been an efficient process that holds any of the parties up in a good light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the US we have a very strict \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/superfund/\">Superfund\u003c/a> law. So it may be that when you dropped your dry cleaning waste in the water, you didn’t know you were going to pollute it. But nevertheless you and your successor companies are responsible for cleaning it up. That is legislation that has been applied widely to all types of pollutants. A similar approach may be appropriate in this case.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"description": "Last week an Ecuadoran appeals court upheld an $18 billion ruling against San Ramon-based oil giant Chevron for pollution and ill health effects caused in the country's rainforest. The decades-old damage stemmed from oil exploration by Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2000. Lawyers on both sides of the lawsuit clashed yesterday on KQED Radio's Forum",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52671\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 248px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-52671\" title=\"chevronecuador\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuador.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ecuadoran lawyer Pablo Fajardo (R) shows the ratification of a sentence ordering Chevron to pay an for environmental damage, on January 4, 2012 (Rodrigo Buendia/AFP/Getty.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week an Ecuadoran appeals court \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/01/04/ecuador-court-upholds-18billion-ruling-against-chevron/\">upheld an $18 billion ruling against San Ramon-based oil giant Chevron\u003c/a> for pollution and ill health effects caused in the country’s rainforest. The decades-old damage stemmed from oil exploration by Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers on both sides of the lawsuit clashed yesterday on KQED Radio’s Forum program. \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201201090900\">Listen to the show here\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also on the program was Patrick Radden Keefe, an author and journalist who has written a \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/01/09/120109fa_fact_keefe\">piece on the case appearing in the latest issue of The New Yorker\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, after the decision by the Ecuadoran court, Radden Keefe \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2012/01/why-chevron-will-settle-in-ecuador.html\">wrote that he thinks Chevron will settle the case\u003c/a>, despite its vow not to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The most likely outcome is a settlement. In fact, according to a source close to the case, this fall Chevron’s general counsel, R. Hewitt Pate, initiated a secret meeting in San Francisco with John Keker, an attorney who represents Donziger, to explore the possibility of settling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In theory, Chevron has one final appeal in Ecuador, to the country’s Supreme Court. But to proceed with that appeal and stop the plaintiffs from trying to collect on the judgment in the meantime, Chevron would have to post a multi-billion dollar bond, which, given its jaundiced view of the rule of law in Ecuador, it seems unlikely to do. So for all intents and purposes, yesterday’s decision amounts to a green light for the plaintiffs to start collecting.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Forum, however, Radden Keefe explained the difficulty plaintiffs would have in trying to collect, and also where the case might go from here:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The catch is the plaintiffs could start collecting, in theory, but Chevron doesn’t have any assets in Ecuador. So the plaintiffs will have to go to other places around the world and say there’s this judgment that you need to respect, and in theory they can try to repossess Chevron’s assets in those countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before that, there’s a final level of appeal to the Ecuadoran Supreme Court. But there’s some dispute as to whether Chevron might have to post a multi-billion dollar bond to make that appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron is also trying to undo the judgement or indemnify itself through an arbitration process in the Hague. And Chevron right about the time the $18 billion judgement came down actually sued the lead lawyer for the plaintiff’s, American Steven Donziger, in New York federal court, accusing him of fraud and extortion and saying he was part of a racketeering conspiracy. That case has been suspended for the moment but may continue.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Donziger was a key figure in a 2009 documentary about the case, \u003cem>Crude\u003c/em>. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=duFXuRnd2CU&feature=player_embedded\">Watch the trailer here\u003c/a>.) In 2010, Chevron won a lawsuit in which the film’s director, Joe Berlinger, was \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/16/entertainment/la-et-crude-20100716\">required to hand over certain outtakes\u003c/a> that the company said show legal and political manipulation on the part of Donziger. Chevron then used those clips as part of a public relations campaign against the high-profile legal team. Chevron also cited the omitted video as part of a countersuit, including federal racketeering claims, against plaintiffs’ attorneys. (You can \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/user/TexacoEcuador\">watch some of the documentary’s outtakes in this short film by Chevron \u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, KQED’s Kelly Wilkinson talked about the case with Cynie Payne, a Rutgers University assistant professor and former UC Berkeley lecturer who specializes in international and environmental law. Here’s an edited transcript:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How significant was the latest ruling? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent ruling by the Ecuador appeals court is one step in the process. US courts are similar to Ecuador courts – first trial, then appeals, then Supreme Court. So there’s one further level of review in this case.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\nChevron says it doesn’t believe the ruling is enforceable and basically they have no intention of paying. Is there a point where this gets resolved or does it just keep going? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The normal course would be for Chevron to appeal the ruling in the courts of Ecuador and once that appeal goes to the Supreme Court there they get a final decision. Should the Supreme Court uphold the lower courts’ decisions, Ecuador would seek to enforce that in any country where Chevron has assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So it doesn’t need to be in Ecuador…\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the plaintiff can try to recover the judgment in any country where Chevron has holdings. After the initial trial court decision in Ecuador, Chevron went to US courts and sought a ruling that attempts to prevent any country from honoring the decision in Ecuador’s courts. That was overruled by a US Appeals Court, which said it’s not possible for US courts to dictate to courts of other sovereign nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Originally, Chevron wanted the trial originally to take place in Ecuador, correct?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one of the peculiar aspects of this case. Originally it was brought by Ecuadoran plaintfiffs in US court and Chevron argued strenuously to a US court that in fact Ecuador was the most appropriate place to try the case. So the US court said fine, bring the proceedings to Ecuador, which the plaintiffs did. But they didn’t the results they had hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What about this case is making it drag on so long?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cases like this typically do take a long time. This case was originally filed in the US in one state, was removed to another state, and then it went to Ecuador. That extended the proceedings, and there were also lengthy factual findings and investigations with a court-appointed expert in Ecuador looking at the actual sites where the pollution was alleged to occur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By comparison, you might think of the Exxon Valdez oil spill, which occurred decades ago but only recently wound up in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So could it be one strategy of Chevron to draw out the proceedings?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron has taken a very aggressive litigation strategy in challenging this decision in numerous forums, including in international arbitration that’s based in The Hague. In fact courts that are asked to compel Chevron to pay the Ecuador judgmentwill need to take a look at that Hague arbitration proceeding, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is like a long-running melodrama. There will be another installment. The next step will be the Supreme court of Ecuador – when that decision comes, the plaintiffs will be free to try to collect the judgment. Then there will be much more complicated legal issues to look at because of the multiple places these things are going forward – US courts and international arbitration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there’s an interesting element to this case that may be replicated in other places. The case is all based in facts going back to the middle of the 20th century when there was a kind of free-for-all exploitation of natural resources in the developing world by developed countries. And the understanding and appreciation of the value of the resources and the problem of pollution have changed to some extent, so some of these settlements or agreements made with governments back in the 1960s or 1970s may seem highly inequitable to the current government of the country and to the general public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the underlying issue of this case: It’s very difficult for the legal system to address that problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may be that these things should not be handled in a litigation context. In light of the Chevron-Ecuador situation and the charges leveled on both sides about procedural misdeeds it seems that this has not been an efficient process that holds any of the parties up in a good light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the US we have a very strict \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/superfund/\">Superfund\u003c/a> law. So it may be that when you dropped your dry cleaning waste in the water, you didn’t know you were going to pollute it. But nevertheless you and your successor companies are responsible for cleaning it up. That is legislation that has been applied widely to all types of pollutants. A similar approach may be appropriate in this case.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "dispute-between-walgreens-and-rx-company-leaves-many-customers-looking-for-new-pharmacy",
"title": "Dispute Between Walgreens and Rx Company Leaves Many Customers Looking for New Pharmacy",
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"headTitle": "Dispute Between Walgreens and Rx Company Leaves Many Customers Looking for New Pharmacy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52550\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/hawaii/1489947267/\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/walgreens.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"walgreens\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" class=\"size-full wp-image-52550\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo: Ryan Ozawa, Flickr\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I get all my prescriptions at Walgreens. When late last year they started slipping in with my meds these little notices urging me to call Anthem Blue Cross because of some pricing dispute, along with sending me warning letters that I’d better switch all my prescriptions to a non-Walgreens because Anthem’s Rx contracter was severing its relationship with them, I told my wife, and I quote: \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Never gonna happen. Just posturing during the negotations.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And thus ended my career as a pharmaceutical-sector financial analyst. KQED’s Sarah Varney \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/01/09/many-walgreens-customers-need-to-find-new-pharmacy/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=many-walgreens-customers-need-to-find-new-pharmacy\">\u003cstrong>explains on our State of Health blog\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>….\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>As of January 1, Californians who go to Walgreens to get their prescriptions filled may have been in for a surprise. Because of a contract dispute between Walgreens, the nation’s largest drugstore chain, and the company that manages prescriptions for Anthem Blue Cross health insurance, many customers will have to find a new pharmacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To find out if you’re affected by the dispute, you should check the back of your insurance card. If it says “Express Scripts,” you can no longer fill your prescription at Walgreens under your insurance plan. Express Scripts is a pharmacy benefit manager or PBM. PBMs negotiate prices for drugs and oversee prescription drug programs for health insurance companies, governments, unions and others…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health care experts are somewhat befuddled by the stand-off. Sean Brandle is a pharmacy benefit expert at the Segal Company, a New York-based employer benefits firm. He says tussles between pharmacy chains and PBMs are pretty typical. But he also said he’s surprised Walgreens would walk away from so many pharmacy customers and all that in-store foot traffic. Express Scripts says of the 750 million prescriptions it processed last year, about 90 million were filled at Walgreens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caught in the middle of the dispute is one of California’s biggest health insurance companies, Anthem Blue Cross, and its millions of customers like San Francisco resident David Forer. There’s a Walgreens just down the street from his downtown San Francisco office, and he used to stop in weekly to pick up insulin for his daughter who has Type 1 diabetes. “They knew me on a first-name basis,” Forer said. “They wouldn’t even ask me my name when I came up. I would just go and get the prescriptions. They would ask how she was doing, and now I can’t go there anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/01/09/many-walgreens-customers-need-to-find-new-pharmacy/\">Read the whole post here\u003c/a>… \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>An appeals court in Ecuador upheld an $18 billion ruling against Chevron Corp. on Tuesday for oil pollution in the Amazon rain forest more than two decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52152\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 240px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuadorSMjustinsullivangetty.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52152\" title=\"chevronecuadorSMjustinsullivangetty\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuadorSMjustinsullivangetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"168\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protestors hold photos of Ecuadorians affected by toxic waste ( Justin Sullivan/Getty)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The original judgment against Chevron was for $8.6 billion in damages, but was more than doubled because the company did not comply with the court's order to issue a public apology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ecuadorean plaintiffs said in a statement that the decision is based on scientific evidence presented at trial proving that waste had poisoned the water supply:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For a second time, in a jurisdiction of its own choosing, Chevron was found guilty of widespread oil contamination in Ecuador’s Amazon...Yesterday’s ruling, based in large part on Chevron’s own evidence, once again proves that the company is responsible for deliberately dumping billions of gallons of toxic waste sludge into local streams and rivers, which thousands depend on for drinking, bathing, and fishing, and created a public health crisis in the rainforest region.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/15/chevron-loses-huge-environmental-suit-but-will-it-pay/\">lawsuit deals with pollution of the rain forest\u003c/a> by energy company Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron denounced the appeals court's decision and said it will continue to seek recourse in other courts outside Ecuador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today's decision is another glaring example of the politicization and corruption of Ecuador's judiciary that has plagued this fraudulent case from the start,\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.chevron.com/chevron/pressreleases/article/01032012_chevroncondemnsillegitimatedecisionbyecuadorappellatecourt.news\">Chevron said in a statement\u003c/a>. \"Chevron does not believe that the Ecuador ruling is enforceable in any court that observes the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/15/chevron-loses-huge-environmental-suit-but-will-it-pay/\">Chevron Loses Huge Environmental Suit, But Will It Ever Pay?\u003c/a> (News Fix, Feb 2011)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://californiawatch.org/dailyreport/judge-rules-against-chevron-ecuador-suit-not-over-8984\">More on the case from California Watch\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The San Ramon, California-based company has previously alleged fraud in the lawsuit. The plaintiffs have also accused Chevron of defrauding the Ecuadorean court to hide the scale of the oil contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time of last year's judgment, the case had been winding its way through U.S. and Ecuadorean courts for more than 17 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit was originally filed in a New York federal court in 1993 against Texaco and dismissed three years later after the oil company argued that Ecuador was the proper venue to hear the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit was refiled in Ecuador in 2003.Though it had only 47 named plaintiffs, the lawsuit sought damages on behalf of 30,000 people for environmental contamination and illnesses that allegedly resulted from Texaco's operation of an oil consortium from 1972.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/15/chevron-loses-huge-environmental-suit-but-will-it-pay/\">Click here for a history of the long-running case\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"description": "An appeals court in Ecuador upheld an $18 billion ruling against Chevron Corp. on Tuesday for oil pollution in the Amazon rain forest more than two decades ago. The original judgment against Chevron was for $8.6 billion in damages, but was more than doubled because the company did not comply with the court's order to",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>An appeals court in Ecuador upheld an $18 billion ruling against Chevron Corp. on Tuesday for oil pollution in the Amazon rain forest more than two decades ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52152\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 240px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuadorSMjustinsullivangetty.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-52152\" title=\"chevronecuadorSMjustinsullivangetty\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/chevronecuadorSMjustinsullivangetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"168\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protestors hold photos of Ecuadorians affected by toxic waste ( Justin Sullivan/Getty)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The original judgment against Chevron was for $8.6 billion in damages, but was more than doubled because the company did not comply with the court's order to issue a public apology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ecuadorean plaintiffs said in a statement that the decision is based on scientific evidence presented at trial proving that waste had poisoned the water supply:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For a second time, in a jurisdiction of its own choosing, Chevron was found guilty of widespread oil contamination in Ecuador’s Amazon...Yesterday’s ruling, based in large part on Chevron’s own evidence, once again proves that the company is responsible for deliberately dumping billions of gallons of toxic waste sludge into local streams and rivers, which thousands depend on for drinking, bathing, and fishing, and created a public health crisis in the rainforest region.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/15/chevron-loses-huge-environmental-suit-but-will-it-pay/\">lawsuit deals with pollution of the rain forest\u003c/a> by energy company Texaco, which Chevron bought in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron denounced the appeals court's decision and said it will continue to seek recourse in other courts outside Ecuador.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today's decision is another glaring example of the politicization and corruption of Ecuador's judiciary that has plagued this fraudulent case from the start,\" \u003ca href=\"http://www.chevron.com/chevron/pressreleases/article/01032012_chevroncondemnsillegitimatedecisionbyecuadorappellatecourt.news\">Chevron said in a statement\u003c/a>. \"Chevron does not believe that the Ecuador ruling is enforceable in any court that observes the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/15/chevron-loses-huge-environmental-suit-but-will-it-pay/\">Chevron Loses Huge Environmental Suit, But Will It Ever Pay?\u003c/a> (News Fix, Feb 2011)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://californiawatch.org/dailyreport/judge-rules-against-chevron-ecuador-suit-not-over-8984\">More on the case from California Watch\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The San Ramon, California-based company has previously alleged fraud in the lawsuit. The plaintiffs have also accused Chevron of defrauding the Ecuadorean court to hide the scale of the oil contamination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the time of last year's judgment, the case had been winding its way through U.S. and Ecuadorean courts for more than 17 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit was originally filed in a New York federal court in 1993 against Texaco and dismissed three years later after the oil company argued that Ecuador was the proper venue to hear the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit was refiled in Ecuador in 2003.Though it had only 47 named plaintiffs, the lawsuit sought damages on behalf of 30,000 people for environmental contamination and illnesses that allegedly resulted from Texaco's operation of an oil consortium from 1972.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/02/15/chevron-loses-huge-environmental-suit-but-will-it-pay/\">Click here for a history of the long-running case\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Interview: NY Times Tech Blogger Brian Chen Answers the Question 'What is the Cloud'?",
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"headTitle": "Interview: NY Times Tech Blogger Brian Chen Answers the Question ‘What is the Cloud’? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52081\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/clouds.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-52081\" title=\"clouds\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/clouds-300x211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">What is this \"Cloud\" you speak of?\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I’m old enough to remember when the dominant metaphor applied to the Internet was “\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_superhighway\">The Information Superhighway\u003c/a>.” (Now only people with AOL email addresses use that.) Snarksters like to say “\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internets\">The Internets\u003c/a>,” and in 1997 my father, in all ingenuousness, referred to the web at least twice as “The Intercom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, you hear a lot about “the cloud.” The Cloud this, the Cloud that. What the hell is it? \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=%22what+is+the+cloud\">some people would like to know\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wikipedia describes “\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing\">cloud computing\u003c/a>” as “a marketing term for technologies that provide computation, software, data access, and storage services that do not require end-user knowledge of the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Great!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huh?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s turn to The California Report’s Penny Nelson, who tried to make the Cloud just a little clearer by talking to Brian X. Chen of the New York Times’ \u003ca href=\"http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/author/brian-x-chen/\">Bits Blog\u003c/a>. Chen is also the author of \u003cem>Always On: How the iPhone Unlocked the Anything-Anytime-Anywhere Future–and Locked Us In\u003c/em>. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0306819600/ref=pd_lpo_k2_dp_sr_1?pf_rd_p=486539851&pf_rd_s=lpo-top-stripe-1#reader_0306819600\">You can read sections of the book at Amazon\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the edited interview:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is this “cloud” we keep hearing about?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s only starting to enter the mainstream now that Apple and some other players are offering cloud services of their own. But I’d rather describe it as a “magic pocket,” where you stick data in one folder or online storage solution so you can access it from anywhere with any device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So let’s say I take a photo with my iPhone — that will also show up on my computer. I don’t have to do anything, connect any cords, it just kind of pops up. That’s what the cloud, or magic pocket does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or I might be using this service called \u003ca href=\"http://www.dropbox.com/\">Dropbox\u003c/a>, which is a web-connected folder. I save my word doc in it and later I go somewhere to print it. Back in the day before we had the cloud, you had to save a file onto a USB drive then take the drive to where you wanted to print it. But now that we have the cloud, we can access that folder with our credentials on any computer and get the same file. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did this technology for most of us \u003ca>seem to spring up just recently\u003c/a>, when it’s been available for so long?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it just took a really long time to get this sort of service into mainstream and consumer consciousness. Different companies are executing the cloud in different ways so it’s taking some time to seep into people’s awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The iPhone is helping to spark the zeitgeist of the Cloud and bring an understanding to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So besides taking a picture and having it show up on my Mac, I can also edit a document on my iPad, and that same doc will be edited on my iPhone or computer. The cloud ties my devices together; the thread that does that is the data that’s connected to the Internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m assuming this applies to non-Apple products as well…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\n\u003cp>People have multiple devices and they want the same data on any one of them, anywhere they are. The cloud is the solution to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. I’m only using Apple products as an example because \u003ca href=\"https://www.icloud.com/\">iCloud\u003c/a> is one of the easier services to describe. Apple is able to take ideas and concepts that have been executed earlier and redo them so that they’re easier and simpler for people to access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’d say it’s largely because Apple entered the game this year that the cloud is starting to enter consumer consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How significant have California companies and researchers been in developing the Cloud?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook and Apple have data centers around the country. But the pioneering and the innovation are being done in Silicon Valley. Google has been working on the Cloud for a long time. A lot of stuff we’ve been using for years is considered the Cloud. \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/?pli=1\">Google Docs\u003c/a> is an online document creation and collaboration tool that’s in the Cloud. Anything that’s a storage service for the Internet, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/\">Flicker\u003c/a>, is considered the cloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Has there been a single company that’s most changed the landscape?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a whole bunch of companies executing different cloud strategies. Dropbox has been a key player in bringing the cloud to the mainstream. It’s mostly because they’re a startup that it’s significant. They’re not a giant like Apple or Google. They’re in San Francisco; the founders are in their 20s, from MIT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea for the cloud from them came when the CEO wanted to save his college essay and put it on a USB drive. He took it to a printing lab and realized he’d saved the wrong version of the document to the drive. He thought there’s something wrong with this process. So they created Dropbox, which is basically a web-connected folder. They saved the documents in the folder, and that same version synchronizes two different devices. So over in the computer lab, he’s going to get the same version of that document and be able to print it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is definitely where most of the innovation in the cloud is happening. But I’m sure that a company like Samsung and other Asian companies are trying to think where they can compete in this area; I haven’t seen any movement on it from them so far though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what may be coming next?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the next big step will be around the television set, thinking how to reinvent the way we consume TV. It’s something Apple is working on, getting something from the cloud and pushing it to your TV set, so that you can get the same content on your iPad, your iPhone, your TV, your Mac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This would simplify the way we consumer TV content. In some ways, they’re already doing it with this solution called \u003ca href=\"http://www.apple.com/itunes/airplay/\">Airplay\u003c/a>, where you can rent something on iTunes and stream it to your TV. But it’s supposed to get a little more significant in the way that third-party application makers are going to be able to do the same thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So let’s say ESPN made an application for the iPad over which they want to offer a lot of exclusive content — you’d be able to push that onto the television at some point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the age of multiple connected screens; people have multiple devices and they want the same data on any one of them, anywhere they are. The cloud is the solution to that.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_52081\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/clouds.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-52081\" title=\"clouds\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2012/01/clouds-300x211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">What is this \"Cloud\" you speak of?\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I’m old enough to remember when the dominant metaphor applied to the Internet was “\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_superhighway\">The Information Superhighway\u003c/a>.” (Now only people with AOL email addresses use that.) Snarksters like to say “\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internets\">The Internets\u003c/a>,” and in 1997 my father, in all ingenuousness, referred to the web at least twice as “The Intercom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, you hear a lot about “the cloud.” The Cloud this, the Cloud that. What the hell is it? \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=%22what+is+the+cloud\">some people would like to know\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wikipedia describes “\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing\">cloud computing\u003c/a>” as “a marketing term for technologies that provide computation, software, data access, and storage services that do not require end-user knowledge of the physical location and configuration of the system that delivers the services.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Great!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huh?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s turn to The California Report’s Penny Nelson, who tried to make the Cloud just a little clearer by talking to Brian X. Chen of the New York Times’ \u003ca href=\"http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/author/brian-x-chen/\">Bits Blog\u003c/a>. Chen is also the author of \u003cem>Always On: How the iPhone Unlocked the Anything-Anytime-Anywhere Future–and Locked Us In\u003c/em>. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0306819600/ref=pd_lpo_k2_dp_sr_1?pf_rd_p=486539851&pf_rd_s=lpo-top-stripe-1#reader_0306819600\">You can read sections of the book at Amazon\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s the edited interview:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what is this “cloud” we keep hearing about?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s only starting to enter the mainstream now that Apple and some other players are offering cloud services of their own. But I’d rather describe it as a “magic pocket,” where you stick data in one folder or online storage solution so you can access it from anywhere with any device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So let’s say I take a photo with my iPhone — that will also show up on my computer. I don’t have to do anything, connect any cords, it just kind of pops up. That’s what the cloud, or magic pocket does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or I might be using this service called \u003ca href=\"http://www.dropbox.com/\">Dropbox\u003c/a>, which is a web-connected folder. I save my word doc in it and later I go somewhere to print it. Back in the day before we had the cloud, you had to save a file onto a USB drive then take the drive to where you wanted to print it. But now that we have the cloud, we can access that folder with our credentials on any computer and get the same file. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why did this technology for most of us \u003ca>seem to spring up just recently\u003c/a>, when it’s been available for so long?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think it just took a really long time to get this sort of service into mainstream and consumer consciousness. Different companies are executing the cloud in different ways so it’s taking some time to seep into people’s awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The iPhone is helping to spark the zeitgeist of the Cloud and bring an understanding to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So besides taking a picture and having it show up on my Mac, I can also edit a document on my iPad, and that same doc will be edited on my iPhone or computer. The cloud ties my devices together; the thread that does that is the data that’s connected to the Internet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m assuming this applies to non-Apple products as well…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\n\u003cp>People have multiple devices and they want the same data on any one of them, anywhere they are. The cloud is the solution to that.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Absolutely. I’m only using Apple products as an example because \u003ca href=\"https://www.icloud.com/\">iCloud\u003c/a> is one of the easier services to describe. Apple is able to take ideas and concepts that have been executed earlier and redo them so that they’re easier and simpler for people to access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’d say it’s largely because Apple entered the game this year that the cloud is starting to enter consumer consciousness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How significant have California companies and researchers been in developing the Cloud?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook and Apple have data centers around the country. But the pioneering and the innovation are being done in Silicon Valley. Google has been working on the Cloud for a long time. A lot of stuff we’ve been using for years is considered the Cloud. \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/?pli=1\">Google Docs\u003c/a> is an online document creation and collaboration tool that’s in the Cloud. Anything that’s a storage service for the Internet, like \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/\">Flicker\u003c/a>, is considered the cloud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Has there been a single company that’s most changed the landscape?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a whole bunch of companies executing different cloud strategies. Dropbox has been a key player in bringing the cloud to the mainstream. It’s mostly because they’re a startup that it’s significant. They’re not a giant like Apple or Google. They’re in San Francisco; the founders are in their 20s, from MIT.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea for the cloud from them came when the CEO wanted to save his college essay and put it on a USB drive. He took it to a printing lab and realized he’d saved the wrong version of the document to the drive. He thought there’s something wrong with this process. So they created Dropbox, which is basically a web-connected folder. They saved the documents in the folder, and that same version synchronizes two different devices. So over in the computer lab, he’s going to get the same version of that document and be able to print it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is definitely where most of the innovation in the cloud is happening. But I’m sure that a company like Samsung and other Asian companies are trying to think where they can compete in this area; I haven’t seen any movement on it from them so far though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Penny Nelson\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what may be coming next?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Chen\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the next big step will be around the television set, thinking how to reinvent the way we consume TV. It’s something Apple is working on, getting something from the cloud and pushing it to your TV set, so that you can get the same content on your iPad, your iPhone, your TV, your Mac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This would simplify the way we consumer TV content. In some ways, they’re already doing it with this solution called \u003ca href=\"http://www.apple.com/itunes/airplay/\">Airplay\u003c/a>, where you can rent something on iTunes and stream it to your TV. But it’s supposed to get a little more significant in the way that third-party application makers are going to be able to do the same thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So let’s say ESPN made an application for the iPad over which they want to offer a lot of exclusive content — you’d be able to push that onto the television at some point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/socialmedia2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/socialmedia2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"socialmedia\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-51801\">\u003c/a>Some might call the Bay Area the very hub of social media....Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, Google+. And some other sites you haven't yet heard of but will make you feel bad next year because everyone will be using them except you and your 66-year-old Aunt who likes to forward you jokes about how incompetent the government is. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I digress...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social media tools, which are often used to disseminate news to a mass audience, became news themselves this year, begging the question anew of whether the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_medium_is_the_message\">medium is the message\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's turn to the KQED News Social Media Dude, Ian Hill, for a summary...\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>2011 might go down in part as the year social media established itself as an integral force in our society and our lives. Sure, you still might have logged in to check out a photo of your friend's dog or post about that great pizza you ate last night. But this year social media also was used to spark revolutions and push for societal change. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto-based Facebook, recognizing this trend, launched its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/12/19/facebook-timeline-our-social-media-dude-breaks-it-all-down/\">Timeline redesign\u003c/a> to take into account major life events, including a user's birth. It also unveiled new social apps that can share what you're doing as you're doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2011 also was a year of eye-popping numbers for social media. Facebook passed 800 million users, with 50 percent logging on daily. Google+, part of the suite of products from Mountain View's Google, launched in 2011, reaching an estimated 62 million members by the end of the year. Google's YouTube, based in San Bruno, announced that 48 hours of videos are uploaded to its site every minute. And earlier this month users of the San Francisco-based Twitter set a record by sending 25,088 Tweets per second in response to the television broadcast of a movie in Japan.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more about what happened this year in social media, check out this handy \u003ca href=\"http://www.flowtown.com/blog/what-mattered-in-2011-for-social-media\">infographic\u003c/a> put together by the people at the Flowtown social marketing blog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flowtown.com/blog/what-mattered-in-2011-for-social-media\">\u003cimg src=\"http://www.flowtown.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/social-media-in-review11.png\" alt=\"What Mattered in 2011 for Social Media\" title=\"What Mattered in 2011 for Social Media\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://www.flowtown.com/\">Flowtown - Social Media Marketing Application\u003c/a>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/socialmedia2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/socialmedia2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"socialmedia\" width=\"248\" height=\"140\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-51801\">\u003c/a>Some might call the Bay Area the very hub of social media....Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, Google+. And some other sites you haven't yet heard of but will make you feel bad next year because everyone will be using them except you and your 66-year-old Aunt who likes to forward you jokes about how incompetent the government is. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I digress...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Social media tools, which are often used to disseminate news to a mass audience, became news themselves this year, begging the question anew of whether the \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_medium_is_the_message\">medium is the message\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let's turn to the KQED News Social Media Dude, Ian Hill, for a summary...\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>2011 might go down in part as the year social media established itself as an integral force in our society and our lives. Sure, you still might have logged in to check out a photo of your friend's dog or post about that great pizza you ate last night. But this year social media also was used to spark revolutions and push for societal change. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palo Alto-based Facebook, recognizing this trend, launched its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2011/12/19/facebook-timeline-our-social-media-dude-breaks-it-all-down/\">Timeline redesign\u003c/a> to take into account major life events, including a user's birth. It also unveiled new social apps that can share what you're doing as you're doing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2011 also was a year of eye-popping numbers for social media. Facebook passed 800 million users, with 50 percent logging on daily. Google+, part of the suite of products from Mountain View's Google, launched in 2011, reaching an estimated 62 million members by the end of the year. Google's YouTube, based in San Bruno, announced that 48 hours of videos are uploaded to its site every minute. And earlier this month users of the San Francisco-based Twitter set a record by sending 25,088 Tweets per second in response to the television broadcast of a movie in Japan.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>(AP) A federal judge on Thursday blocked California from enforcing its first-in-the-nation mandate for cleaner, low-carbon fuels, saying the rules favor biofuels produced in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit challenging the state regulations, which were adopted as part of California's landmark 2006 global warming law, was filed in federal court last year by a coalition that includes the National Petrochemical & Refiners Association and the Consumer Energy Alliance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Court Judge Lawrence O'Neill's written ruling Thursday said the low-carbon fuel rules violated the U.S. Constitution's commerce clause by discriminating against crude oil and biofuels producers located outside California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's rules for fuels that comply with the law assign a 10 percent advantage to ethanol produced in the state. State officials said the preference was justified because the transportation of ethanol from other states produces climate-changing greenhouse gases, and because California producers have more access than those in the Midwest to low-emission hydroelectric and nuclear power. \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But O'Neill said those rules, regardless of their purpose, interfere with interstate commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's goal of combatting global warming \"may be legitimate,\" the judge said, but \"it cannot be achieved by the illegitimate means of isolating the state from the national economy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said other rules that assign higher and lower values to fuels produced by different farming practices amounted to an attempt to regulate out-of-state conduct, which exceeds a state's constitutional power. And O'Neill said California had failed to show that it could not accomplish its goals with regulations that applied only to in-state commerce, such as a tax on gasoline and other carbon-containing fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out-of-state fuels producers hailed the decision as a win for California drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today's decision ... struck down a misguided policy that would have resulted in even higher fuel costs for Californian consumers while increasing the cost of business throughout the state,\" said Consumer Energy Alliance Executive Vice President Michael Whatley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board plans to ask the judge to stay the ruling, and appeal if necessary to San Francisco's 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, spokesman Dave Clegern said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule is \"an evenhanded standard that encourages the use of cleaner low-carbon fuels by regulating fuel providers in California,\" Clegern said, adding that it \"does not discriminate against any fuels on the basis of geography.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beginning this year, the standard has required petroleum refiners, companies that blend fuel and distributors to gradually increase the cleanliness of the fuel they sell in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board previously had said the low-carbon mandate will reduce California's dependence on petroleum by 20 percent and account for one-tenth of the state's goal to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rocky Mountain Farmers Union, the California Dairy Campaign, the Renewable Fuels Associations and other groups filed a similar lawsuit in the same court in 2009. Their complaint said the regulation conflicted with the federal Renewable Fuel Standard and would close California's borders to corn ethanol made in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit legal organization Earthjustice, which was not party to the suit but works on climate-related issues, said the ruling was a major setback for the state's aggressive greenhouse gas emission regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California is leading the way on cleaner fuels and a cleaner power grid, and the state's programs are consistent with federal law,\" Earthjustice President Trip Van Noppen said. \"It is not surprising that the oil industry is attacking these programs, but like previous attacks in the courts and at the ballot box, we expect this one ultimately to fail.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's goal of combatting global warming \"may be legitimate,\" the judge said, but \"it cannot be achieved by the illegitimate means of isolating the state from the national economy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said other rules that assign higher and lower values to fuels produced by different farming practices amounted to an attempt to regulate out-of-state conduct, which exceeds a state's constitutional power. And O'Neill said California had failed to show that it could not accomplish its goals with regulations that applied only to in-state commerce, such as a tax on gasoline and other carbon-containing fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out-of-state fuels producers hailed the decision as a win for California drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Today's decision ... struck down a misguided policy that would have resulted in even higher fuel costs for Californian consumers while increasing the cost of business throughout the state,\" said Consumer Energy Alliance Executive Vice President Michael Whatley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Air Resources Board plans to ask the judge to stay the ruling, and appeal if necessary to San Francisco's 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, spokesman Dave Clegern said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rule is \"an evenhanded standard that encourages the use of cleaner low-carbon fuels by regulating fuel providers in California,\" Clegern said, adding that it \"does not discriminate against any fuels on the basis of geography.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beginning this year, the standard has required petroleum refiners, companies that blend fuel and distributors to gradually increase the cleanliness of the fuel they sell in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board previously had said the low-carbon mandate will reduce California's dependence on petroleum by 20 percent and account for one-tenth of the state's goal to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Rocky Mountain Farmers Union, the California Dairy Campaign, the Renewable Fuels Associations and other groups filed a similar lawsuit in the same court in 2009. Their complaint said the regulation conflicted with the federal Renewable Fuel Standard and would close California's borders to corn ethanol made in other states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit legal organization Earthjustice, which was not party to the suit but works on climate-related issues, said the ruling was a major setback for the state's aggressive greenhouse gas emission regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California is leading the way on cleaner fuels and a cleaner power grid, and the state's programs are consistent with federal law,\" Earthjustice President Trip Van Noppen said. \"It is not surprising that the oil industry is attacking these programs, but like previous attacks in the courts and at the ballot box, we expect this one ultimately to fail.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Would you believe there are now about 40 distilleries in California? That’s according to the \u003ca href=\"http://distilling.com/\">American Distilling Institute\u003c/a> in Hayward, which sent me an Excel spreadsheet. We’ve turned it into a \u003ca href=\"http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=203266301337765263295.0004b549fab7b906bf6d2&msa=0\">Google map\u003c/a> for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stunning, huh? You can see how it’s possible now to stock a whole bar with nothing but California-made spirits, bitters, juices, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51729\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1914.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-51729\" title=\"IMG_1914\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1914-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Mildred Pierce at Mohawk Bend in Los Angeles. (Credit: Myrow/Rachael Myrow)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“As long as you were OK with the fact that you were excluding a certain percentage of classic cocktail drinks that require things like crème de violet, or you know, Campari.”\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That comment is from Dave Driscoll, the Northern California spirits buyer for \u003ca href=\"http://www.klwines.com/\">K&L\u003c/a>, an alcohol retailer based in Redwood City. I talked to him while exploring the exploding world of craft distillation or \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201112300850/b\">The California Report\u003c/a>. (Another version of the story aired on NPR's \u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/rJWAxv\">Morning Edition\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driscoll got his feet wet in cocktail culture by bar-and-restaurant hopping in San Francisco. Perhaps because of this peripatetic start, he rolls his eyes at people who over-think the question of “what’s the best?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do people spend a mint to buy a rare bottle at one of his stores?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The story,” he says, “is that everybody needs to have that kind of tidbit. Otherwise you’re just bringing a bottle of \u003cem>something\u003c/em> to a party. Why is that bottle interesting? It’s got to have something behind it, like 'this is made by a farmer who grows everything bio-dynamically and then he makes, you know, one barrel a year and then I’m lucky to get one of those bottles.' It’s almost like showing off.” \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51728\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1911.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-51728 \" title=\"IMG_1911\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1911-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohawk Bend may be the only bar in California to stock only California spirits. You want a Negroni? How about a California Negroni? (Credit: KQED/Rachael Myrow)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Keith Taylor of \u003ca href=\"http://mohawk.la/\">Mohawk Bend\u003c/a> understands the power of story. The owner of the LA gastro-pub wanted Taylor to build a \"Made in California\" bar to brand the beer \u003cem>and\u003c/em> the spirits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, we can’t have Campari,\" Taylor says when I ask him how he'd make a Negroni. \"It’s from Italy. But what we do have is a Hibiscus liquor, made by \u003ca href=\"http://www.greenbar.biz/\">Modern Spirits\u003c/a> (of Monrovia). So we’ll tell them what we’re going to make, we’ll call it a California Negroni. You know, it’s the same same but different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes,” you may be saying. \"Whatever that is, that’s not a Negroni.” If you’re stuck on that fact, you’re not Taylor’s customer. Or maybe you are. He knows the recipe for success with the California-only concept is taking the time to talk to customers about the products he's selling - and the distilleries that make them. Many of them are small outfits with small marketing budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When someone comes into Mohawk Bend off the street, chances are they’ve never heard of any liquor that we carry. So it’s the challenge to tell them the story of why we do that and to make them a drink that they’ll appreciate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I also talked to Thad Vogler, \"the guy behind the guy behind the guy\" (as another guy put it) at many of the best Bay Area bars. At the very least, he was in the area at the creation: \u003ca href=\"http://www.jardiniere.com/\">Jardiniere\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bourbonandbranch.com/\">Bourbon & Branch\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://floraoakland.com/flashsite/\">Flora\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://berettasf.com/\">Beretta\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.caminorestaurant.com/\">Camino\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.heavensdog.com/main/HD.html\">Heaven's Dog\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bardessono.com/\">Bardessono\u003c/a>. Now he's focused on his own \u003ca href=\"http://www.baragricole.com/\">Bar Agricole\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vogler says California is surfing on a new wave of cocktail love. \"Cooks looked out of the kitchen and realized those bars were part of their food program.\" Right away, they started getting rid of artificially flavored and colored ingredients, as well as bland, industrially produced spirits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51733\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/Brandy2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-51733 \" title=\"Brandy2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/Brandy2-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Brandy Milkshake, by Thad Volger at the Bar Agricole in San Francisco. This old style cocktail involves a raw egg, but also two California spirits: a brandy from Marian Farms in Fresno and an agricole style rum made by St. George in Alameda. (Credit: KQED/Rachael Myrow)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vogler has a twin focus: 1) high quality ingredients; 2) authenticity, in terms of reviving the cocktail culture of pre-Prohibition America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points out, for instance, that brandy was big in 19th-century cocktails. As it happens, California distillers are turning out some great brandies. You may have noticed we grow a lot of grapes in this part of the world...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while Vogler likes a creative cocktail challenge, he chafes at the idea of setting an arbitrary limit on his raw materials, as in local\u003cem>-only\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Things that are local, things that are made in small batches - they’re almost always the best,\" Vogler says. \"But there are exceptions. Take \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvados_%28brandy%29\">Calvados\u003c/a>, which is a really beautiful heirloom apple brandy from Normandy. These guys have been growing apples for hundreds of years, and doing their own fermentation, their own distillation. Beautiful spirits - and arguably - our notions of what distillation are begin in areas like this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vogler considers himself a Europhile. Indeed, many of the distillers who just started in California, started by bringing equipment over from Europe. Many learned what they know about process and taste from Europe. When you think about it, that's how the wine industry started here. Now doesn't this all give you something to look forward to in 2012? Tchin Tchin!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=203266301337765263295.0004b549fab7b906bf6d2&ie=UTF8&t=m&vpsrc=6&ll=36.527295,-120.168457&spn=8.824367,8.789063&z=6&output=embed\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nView \u003ca href=\"http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=203266301337765263295.0004b549fab7b906bf6d2&ie=UTF8&t=m&vpsrc=6&ll=36.527295,-120.168457&spn=8.824367,8.789063&z=6&source=embed\">California Distilleries\u003c/a> in a larger map\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Would you believe there are now about 40 distilleries in California? That’s according to the \u003ca href=\"http://distilling.com/\">American Distilling Institute\u003c/a> in Hayward, which sent me an Excel spreadsheet. We’ve turned it into a \u003ca href=\"http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=203266301337765263295.0004b549fab7b906bf6d2&msa=0\">Google map\u003c/a> for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stunning, huh? You can see how it’s possible now to stock a whole bar with nothing but California-made spirits, bitters, juices, and so on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51729\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1914.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-51729\" title=\"IMG_1914\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1914-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Mildred Pierce at Mohawk Bend in Los Angeles. (Credit: Myrow/Rachael Myrow)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“As long as you were OK with the fact that you were excluding a certain percentage of classic cocktail drinks that require things like crème de violet, or you know, Campari.”\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That comment is from Dave Driscoll, the Northern California spirits buyer for \u003ca href=\"http://www.klwines.com/\">K&L\u003c/a>, an alcohol retailer based in Redwood City. I talked to him while exploring the exploding world of craft distillation or \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiareport.org/archive/R201112300850/b\">The California Report\u003c/a>. (Another version of the story aired on NPR's \u003ca href=\"http://n.pr/rJWAxv\">Morning Edition\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driscoll got his feet wet in cocktail culture by bar-and-restaurant hopping in San Francisco. Perhaps because of this peripatetic start, he rolls his eyes at people who over-think the question of “what’s the best?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why do people spend a mint to buy a rare bottle at one of his stores?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The story,” he says, “is that everybody needs to have that kind of tidbit. Otherwise you’re just bringing a bottle of \u003cem>something\u003c/em> to a party. Why is that bottle interesting? It’s got to have something behind it, like 'this is made by a farmer who grows everything bio-dynamically and then he makes, you know, one barrel a year and then I’m lucky to get one of those bottles.' It’s almost like showing off.” \u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51728\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1911.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-51728 \" title=\"IMG_1911\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/IMG_1911-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohawk Bend may be the only bar in California to stock only California spirits. You want a Negroni? How about a California Negroni? (Credit: KQED/Rachael Myrow)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Keith Taylor of \u003ca href=\"http://mohawk.la/\">Mohawk Bend\u003c/a> understands the power of story. The owner of the LA gastro-pub wanted Taylor to build a \"Made in California\" bar to brand the beer \u003cem>and\u003c/em> the spirits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, we can’t have Campari,\" Taylor says when I ask him how he'd make a Negroni. \"It’s from Italy. But what we do have is a Hibiscus liquor, made by \u003ca href=\"http://www.greenbar.biz/\">Modern Spirits\u003c/a> (of Monrovia). So we’ll tell them what we’re going to make, we’ll call it a California Negroni. You know, it’s the same same but different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes,” you may be saying. \"Whatever that is, that’s not a Negroni.” If you’re stuck on that fact, you’re not Taylor’s customer. Or maybe you are. He knows the recipe for success with the California-only concept is taking the time to talk to customers about the products he's selling - and the distilleries that make them. Many of them are small outfits with small marketing budgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When someone comes into Mohawk Bend off the street, chances are they’ve never heard of any liquor that we carry. So it’s the challenge to tell them the story of why we do that and to make them a drink that they’ll appreciate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I also talked to Thad Vogler, \"the guy behind the guy behind the guy\" (as another guy put it) at many of the best Bay Area bars. At the very least, he was in the area at the creation: \u003ca href=\"http://www.jardiniere.com/\">Jardiniere\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bourbonandbranch.com/\">Bourbon & Branch\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://floraoakland.com/flashsite/\">Flora\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://berettasf.com/\">Beretta\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.caminorestaurant.com/\">Camino\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.heavensdog.com/main/HD.html\">Heaven's Dog\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.bardessono.com/\">Bardessono\u003c/a>. Now he's focused on his own \u003ca href=\"http://www.baragricole.com/\">Bar Agricole\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vogler says California is surfing on a new wave of cocktail love. \"Cooks looked out of the kitchen and realized those bars were part of their food program.\" Right away, they started getting rid of artificially flavored and colored ingredients, as well as bland, industrially produced spirits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_51733\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/Brandy2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-51733 \" title=\"Brandy2\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2011/12/Brandy2-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Brandy Milkshake, by Thad Volger at the Bar Agricole in San Francisco. This old style cocktail involves a raw egg, but also two California spirits: a brandy from Marian Farms in Fresno and an agricole style rum made by St. George in Alameda. (Credit: KQED/Rachael Myrow)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vogler has a twin focus: 1) high quality ingredients; 2) authenticity, in terms of reviving the cocktail culture of pre-Prohibition America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points out, for instance, that brandy was big in 19th-century cocktails. As it happens, California distillers are turning out some great brandies. You may have noticed we grow a lot of grapes in this part of the world...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while Vogler likes a creative cocktail challenge, he chafes at the idea of setting an arbitrary limit on his raw materials, as in local\u003cem>-only\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Things that are local, things that are made in small batches - they’re almost always the best,\" Vogler says. \"But there are exceptions. Take \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvados_%28brandy%29\">Calvados\u003c/a>, which is a really beautiful heirloom apple brandy from Normandy. These guys have been growing apples for hundreds of years, and doing their own fermentation, their own distillation. Beautiful spirits - and arguably - our notions of what distillation are begin in areas like this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vogler considers himself a Europhile. Indeed, many of the distillers who just started in California, started by bringing equipment over from Europe. Many learned what they know about process and taste from Europe. When you think about it, that's how the wine industry started here. Now doesn't this all give you something to look forward to in 2012? Tchin Tchin!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=203266301337765263295.0004b549fab7b906bf6d2&ie=UTF8&t=m&vpsrc=6&ll=36.527295,-120.168457&spn=8.824367,8.789063&z=6&output=embed\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nView \u003ca href=\"http://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=203266301337765263295.0004b549fab7b906bf6d2&ie=UTF8&t=m&vpsrc=6&ll=36.527295,-120.168457&spn=8.824367,8.789063&z=6&source=embed\">California Distilleries\u003c/a> in a larger map\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 3
},
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},
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
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}
},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
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