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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update Tuesday 6:20 p.m.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A majority of San Francisco supervisors voted to postpone action on two competing measures aimed at strengthening short-term rental regulation in the city -- but an unhappy minority forced some debate before the continuance passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A vote for a continuance is a vote for Airbnb,\" Supervisor John Avalos said about an hour into the debate, as it became increasingly clear that most supervisors supported moving the issue to the Board's July 15 meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avalos co-sponsored David Campos' proposal that contained stronger enforcement mechanisms and a shorter, 60-day cap on how many days a unit can legally be rented on the \"sharing economy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But supervisors either behind Mayor Ed Lee and Supervisor Mark Farrell's competing ordinance, or ones who thought there might be common ground between the two measures, outnumbered Campos' supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would welcome these additional conversations on this complicated topic,\" Farrell said. \"From my perspective, we passed a framework last year, now let’s take the time to get it right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrell's ordinance would impose a 120-day cap and doesn't require the company to report data to the city, a provision officials with the city's planning department have called a \"lynchpin\" in their ability to enforce any limit on Airbnb rentals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Campos’ legislation goes too far and is not the appropriate response,\" Supervisor Scott Wiener said, adding that many people in his district are clinging to their homes through money they're making on short-term rentals. \"Sixty days is not going to meet these needs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos criticized a law that took effect Feb. 1, and Airbnb's role in crafting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason that we are in this mess is because we have as a city decided to roll over for a $20 billion corporation and let that corporation write the laws that should be written by the elected legislators,\" Campos said. \"The last thing that we need in this building is to give the lobbyists of Airbnb more time to do what they have been doing in this building for the last couple of years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrell's motion for a continuance passed 7-4, with supervisors Katy Tang, Norman Yee, London Breed, Julie Christensen, Malia Cohen, Wiener and Farrell in favor. Eric Mar, Jane Kim, Avalos and Kim opposed the delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than a year after a messy, drawn-out debate over how to regulate short-term rentals like those found on Airbnb, San Francisco's Board of Supervisors will take up the issue again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board will vote Tuesday on two plans to change the current ordinance governing how city residents can rent out their homes on a short-term basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most supervisors are in agreement that the law (which took effect in February) \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/04/23/San-Francisco-Tighten-Airbnb-Law\" target=\"_blank\">is not working\u003c/a>, particularly in cracking down on hosts who rent out their entire homes for more than the currently allowed 90 days a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dueling plans, one from Mayor Ed Lee and Supervisor Mark Farrell, the other from Supervisor David Campos, would both set a hard cap on the length of all rentals, which are currently unlimited if the host stays in the home while renting out a room.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The fact that short-term rentals are taking housing off the market in the middle of this brutal housing crisis is simply unacceptable.'\u003ccite class=\"alignright\">Supervisor David Campos\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The plan from Lee and Farrell would give the city more resources to register residents and enforce the law by creating a new office staffed through other city agencies to handle short-term rentals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The city has to be the primary enforcement agency here,\" says Farrell. \"It's a law that we're creating and that we should be tasked with enforcing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor David Campos wants to give more enforcement power to neighbors and nonprofits, who under his plan would be able to institute civil proceedings against hosts, even if a violation has not been determined by the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that short-term rentals are taking housing off the market in the middle of this brutal housing crisis is simply unacceptable,\" Campos said at a Land Use and Transportation Committee meeting last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airbnb disputes Campos' assertion that short-term rentals are tied to the city's housing crunch. The company released data in advance of the vote showing that residents in nearly all San Francisco neighborhoods would have to rent out homes for over 200 nights a year on Airbnb to equal the money they would get from a normal rental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the report concludes that the extra income residents make by renting out their homes is \"the one thing making it possible for thousands of middle-class families to stay in the city they love.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one expects Tuesday's vote to end San Francisco's short-term rental debate. The group \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharebettersf.com/\" target=\"_blank\">ShareBetter SF\u003c/a> has filed a measure for the November ballot that would enact many provisions found in Campos' bill. Campos has said he will support that measure if he can't achieve his goals at the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ShareBetter SF released a poll on Monday, conducted by Goodwin-Simon Strategic Research, showing strong support for two key pieces of Campos' plan: a provision that would bar Airbnb from listing properties that aren't registered with the city, and another giving neighbors a private right-of-action against hosts who violate the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Alex Emslie contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update Tuesday 6:20 p.m.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A majority of San Francisco supervisors voted to postpone action on two competing measures aimed at strengthening short-term rental regulation in the city -- but an unhappy minority forced some debate before the continuance passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A vote for a continuance is a vote for Airbnb,\" Supervisor John Avalos said about an hour into the debate, as it became increasingly clear that most supervisors supported moving the issue to the Board's July 15 meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avalos co-sponsored David Campos' proposal that contained stronger enforcement mechanisms and a shorter, 60-day cap on how many days a unit can legally be rented on the \"sharing economy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But supervisors either behind Mayor Ed Lee and Supervisor Mark Farrell's competing ordinance, or ones who thought there might be common ground between the two measures, outnumbered Campos' supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would welcome these additional conversations on this complicated topic,\" Farrell said. \"From my perspective, we passed a framework last year, now let’s take the time to get it right.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrell's ordinance would impose a 120-day cap and doesn't require the company to report data to the city, a provision officials with the city's planning department have called a \"lynchpin\" in their ability to enforce any limit on Airbnb rentals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Campos’ legislation goes too far and is not the appropriate response,\" Supervisor Scott Wiener said, adding that many people in his district are clinging to their homes through money they're making on short-term rentals. \"Sixty days is not going to meet these needs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos criticized a law that took effect Feb. 1, and Airbnb's role in crafting it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The reason that we are in this mess is because we have as a city decided to roll over for a $20 billion corporation and let that corporation write the laws that should be written by the elected legislators,\" Campos said. \"The last thing that we need in this building is to give the lobbyists of Airbnb more time to do what they have been doing in this building for the last couple of years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farrell's motion for a continuance passed 7-4, with supervisors Katy Tang, Norman Yee, London Breed, Julie Christensen, Malia Cohen, Wiener and Farrell in favor. Eric Mar, Jane Kim, Avalos and Kim opposed the delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original Post\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Less than a year after a messy, drawn-out debate over how to regulate short-term rentals like those found on Airbnb, San Francisco's Board of Supervisors will take up the issue again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board will vote Tuesday on two plans to change the current ordinance governing how city residents can rent out their homes on a short-term basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most supervisors are in agreement that the law (which took effect in February) \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/04/23/San-Francisco-Tighten-Airbnb-Law\" target=\"_blank\">is not working\u003c/a>, particularly in cracking down on hosts who rent out their entire homes for more than the currently allowed 90 days a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dueling plans, one from Mayor Ed Lee and Supervisor Mark Farrell, the other from Supervisor David Campos, would both set a hard cap on the length of all rentals, which are currently unlimited if the host stays in the home while renting out a room.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The fact that short-term rentals are taking housing off the market in the middle of this brutal housing crisis is simply unacceptable.'\u003ccite class=\"alignright\">Supervisor David Campos\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The plan from Lee and Farrell would give the city more resources to register residents and enforce the law by creating a new office staffed through other city agencies to handle short-term rentals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The city has to be the primary enforcement agency here,\" says Farrell. \"It's a law that we're creating and that we should be tasked with enforcing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor David Campos wants to give more enforcement power to neighbors and nonprofits, who under his plan would be able to institute civil proceedings against hosts, even if a violation has not been determined by the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that short-term rentals are taking housing off the market in the middle of this brutal housing crisis is simply unacceptable,\" Campos said at a Land Use and Transportation Committee meeting last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Airbnb disputes Campos' assertion that short-term rentals are tied to the city's housing crunch. The company released data in advance of the vote showing that residents in nearly all San Francisco neighborhoods would have to rent out homes for over 200 nights a year on Airbnb to equal the money they would get from a normal rental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the report concludes that the extra income residents make by renting out their homes is \"the one thing making it possible for thousands of middle-class families to stay in the city they love.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one expects Tuesday's vote to end San Francisco's short-term rental debate. The group \u003ca href=\"http://www.sharebettersf.com/\" target=\"_blank\">ShareBetter SF\u003c/a> has filed a measure for the November ballot that would enact many provisions found in Campos' bill. Campos has said he will support that measure if he can't achieve his goals at the board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ShareBetter SF released a poll on Monday, conducted by Goodwin-Simon Strategic Research, showing strong support for two key pieces of Campos' plan: a provision that would bar Airbnb from listing properties that aren't registered with the city, and another giving neighbors a private right-of-action against hosts who violate the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Alex Emslie contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Democrats Push Investments in Welfare Program, Jerry Brown Balks",
"title": "As Democrats Push Investments in Welfare Program, Jerry Brown Balks",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>For Democrats in the state Capitol, their quest to expand Gov. Jerry Brown's budget proposal is all about people like Deshay Rigsby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rigsby's 3-year-old son still doesn't quite understand that the one-bedroom Oakley apartment he and his mother moved into in April is actually their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rigsby, now 25, had been homeless since she aged out of the foster care system at 18. Kion had spent his short life sleeping with his mom in homeless shelters, on couches at friends' houses and in cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in April, Rigsby and Kion were able to move into a clean one-bedroom apartment in Contra Costa County, thanks in large part to the state's welfare-to-work program for families, CalWORKS, and an accompanying housing assistance program. Kion is now in preschool, where he is excelling; Rigsby is working in child care full time. They even have new furniture and dishes from \u003ca href=\"http://shelterinc.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Shelter, Inc.\u003c/a>, the local nonprofit that has been assisting the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208770446&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's nice here. It's quiet. I can think,\" Rigsby said of her new life. \"I wake up every day to go to work and I feel like I am in charge of my own life, and I like it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she said both she and Kion are still adjusting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's overwhelming because my son doesn’t understand still -- he'll say, 'Mom, I want to go back to my house,' \" she said, referring to a friend's place where they had been crashing. \"I was like -- that was never your house ... he says, 'Well, is this my house now? Yes? Is this my bedroom? Is this my tablecloth?' Everything, it's just it’s a little overwhelming, and he's still coping with trying to understand is this mine, so I am just wanting him to be comfortable and understand we don’t have to go couch-to-couch anymore.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10548644\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10548644\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Three-year-old Kion and his mom now have an apartment. \" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three-year-old Kion and his mom now have an apartment. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Holly Mitchell, D-Los Angeles, wants to hear more success stories like Rigsby's. Mitchell has been pushing for years to expand state spending on CalWORKS. This year, she has the backing of the entire Democratic legislative caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Assembly and Senate are pushing Gov. Jerry Brown to add between $200 million and $300 million a year in additional funding for CalWORKS, a program that costs $6 billion a year and serves more than 525,000 families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell said the grant amounts offered to families -- the average CalWORKS family receives around $570 a month -- are simply not enough to help struggling Californians get back on their feet. Grant levels were cut during the recession, she noted, creating \"the perfect storm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our grant levels are at really historical lows, at the same level we paid 20-plus years ago -- and a quart of milk doesn't cost what it cost 20 years ago,\" she said. \"Housing costs have gone up, grant levels have gone down, jobs are difficult to come by.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there are some differences between the Assembly and Senate proposals, Democrats in both houses would like to see the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article10966202.html\" target=\"_blank\">repeal a two-decade-old law\u003c/a> that denies additional CalWORKS cash to families who have another child while they're on welfare. That change alone would cost the state $158 million a year; it's one Mitchell has pushed for three years running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Known as the \"maximum family grant\" rule, the limit was pushed by Republicans in the early 1990s, when there was a public perception that families were abusing the welfare system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was really fundamentally, I believe, based on the premise that poor women on CalWORKS simply had babies to increase their grant,\" said Mitchell. \"I don't believe in that premise, I don't know anybody who would have a baby for the mere fact of getting an additional $120 a month.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Democrats also want to delay a 2012 law set to go into effect in the coming months that would \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication_quick.asp?i=1011\" target=\"_blank\">cut families' CalWORKS grants after two years\u003c/a> unless a parent is working or engaged in work-related activity at least 20 hours a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I don't know anybody who would have a baby for the mere fact of getting an additional $120 a month.'\u003ccite>State Sen. Holly Mitchell\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>H.D. Palmer, Brown's budget spokesman, said the two-year limit was imposed to comply with federal rules and that the state could face steep fines if it reverses the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Michael Herald, a lobbyist for the Western Center on Law and Poverty, said many families have barriers that prevent them from working that much -- and in some cases, can't get consistent enough hours at their low-paying jobs to comply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Frank Mecca, director of the County Welfare Directors Association of California, said for some people, 24 months simply isn't long enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes a family might experience a job loss or domestic violence, and they address whatever issues come up and move from welfare to work, and then a recession comes up and they are out of work again,\" he said. \"People's lives are not linear and people's lives are complicated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the timing wouldn't be as big of a deal if there were better resources to help CalWORKS parents thrive. The Assembly, for example, has proposed a cost-of-living increase that would bring grant levels up by about 2.5 percent next year -- at an annual cost to the state of $91 million. The Assembly is also proposing to increase the amount of funding available to help house CalWORKS families -- the program that helped Deshay Risgby get her apartment -- from $20 million to $50 million next fiscal year .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we really need to do,\" said Mecca, \"is make sure people have adequate resources, adequate supportive services, like meaningful job training and child care, and give them that assistance as quickly as possible so they can move from welfare to work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two legislative houses are meeting this week in a conference committee to iron out their budget differences; negotiations with Brown are likely to begin in earnest by Monday. But Palmer, the governor's spokesman, said that in general the administration is opposed to the increased spending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the Legislature is depending on \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/27/california-state-budget-fight-now-about-predictions-more-than-programs\" target=\"_blank\">revenue projections\u003c/a> that are about $3 billion higher than the governor's. Even if revenues are significantly higher, Palmer said, it would be irresponsible to commit any extra money to ongoing spending programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'If we get to a point where the economy takes a turn for the worse ... then these programs are going to have to turn right back around and face reductions.'\u003ccite>H.D. Palmer,\u003cbr>\nSpokesman for Gov. Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"They are basing that higher revenue significantly on higher assumptions around capital gains, which are, by definition, volatile and can turn on a dime,\" he said. \"The augmentations the Legislature has made at this point ... are intended to be ongoing in nature, and if we get to a point where the economy takes a turn for the worse, and revenues decline significantly, then these programs are going to have to turn right back around and face reductions. So we don't believe it's prudent to build ongoing spending on revenues we believe from that forecast are going to be one time in nature.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmer noted that the governor has proposed a poverty-fighting program that pretty much everyone in Sacramento seems to support: An \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/political/la-me-pc-jerry-brown-tax-credit-budget-california-20150513-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">earned income tax credit\u003c/a> for the working poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for all the disagreements, Mecca struck a positive note, saying policymakers in California seem to agree -- after years of attacking these programs -- that poverty is \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/news/2013/september/toddler-language-gap-091213.html\" target=\"_blank\">damaging to kids\u003c/a> and that state leaders have a responsibility to tackle the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a big hill to climb and a long way to go, but before the Legislature and the governor right now is a really great foundation,\" Mecca said, citing the proposals to repeal the maximum family grant, enact the earned income tax credit and expand housing support for families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are all really incredibly important foundational measures that can help us take the first step toward eliminating poverty, because that should be our goal -- to eliminate poverty for children and their parents,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For Democrats in the state Capitol, their quest to expand Gov. Jerry Brown's budget proposal is all about people like Deshay Rigsby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rigsby's 3-year-old son still doesn't quite understand that the one-bedroom Oakley apartment he and his mother moved into in April is actually their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rigsby, now 25, had been homeless since she aged out of the foster care system at 18. Kion had spent his short life sleeping with his mom in homeless shelters, on couches at friends' houses and in cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in April, Rigsby and Kion were able to move into a clean one-bedroom apartment in Contra Costa County, thanks in large part to the state's welfare-to-work program for families, CalWORKS, and an accompanying housing assistance program. Kion is now in preschool, where he is excelling; Rigsby is working in child care full time. They even have new furniture and dishes from \u003ca href=\"http://shelterinc.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Shelter, Inc.\u003c/a>, the local nonprofit that has been assisting the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/208770446&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's nice here. It's quiet. I can think,\" Rigsby said of her new life. \"I wake up every day to go to work and I feel like I am in charge of my own life, and I like it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she said both she and Kion are still adjusting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's overwhelming because my son doesn’t understand still -- he'll say, 'Mom, I want to go back to my house,' \" she said, referring to a friend's place where they had been crashing. \"I was like -- that was never your house ... he says, 'Well, is this my house now? Yes? Is this my bedroom? Is this my tablecloth?' Everything, it's just it’s a little overwhelming, and he's still coping with trying to understand is this mine, so I am just wanting him to be comfortable and understand we don’t have to go couch-to-couch anymore.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10548644\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10548644\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Three-year-old Kion and his mom now have an apartment. \" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/06/15338_transform2-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three-year-old Kion and his mom now have an apartment. \u003ccite>(Marisa Lagos/KQED News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Holly Mitchell, D-Los Angeles, wants to hear more success stories like Rigsby's. Mitchell has been pushing for years to expand state spending on CalWORKS. This year, she has the backing of the entire Democratic legislative caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the Assembly and Senate are pushing Gov. Jerry Brown to add between $200 million and $300 million a year in additional funding for CalWORKS, a program that costs $6 billion a year and serves more than 525,000 families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mitchell said the grant amounts offered to families -- the average CalWORKS family receives around $570 a month -- are simply not enough to help struggling Californians get back on their feet. Grant levels were cut during the recession, she noted, creating \"the perfect storm.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our grant levels are at really historical lows, at the same level we paid 20-plus years ago -- and a quart of milk doesn't cost what it cost 20 years ago,\" she said. \"Housing costs have gone up, grant levels have gone down, jobs are difficult to come by.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there are some differences between the Assembly and Senate proposals, Democrats in both houses would like to see the state \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article10966202.html\" target=\"_blank\">repeal a two-decade-old law\u003c/a> that denies additional CalWORKS cash to families who have another child while they're on welfare. That change alone would cost the state $158 million a year; it's one Mitchell has pushed for three years running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Known as the \"maximum family grant\" rule, the limit was pushed by Republicans in the early 1990s, when there was a public perception that families were abusing the welfare system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was really fundamentally, I believe, based on the premise that poor women on CalWORKS simply had babies to increase their grant,\" said Mitchell. \"I don't believe in that premise, I don't know anybody who would have a baby for the mere fact of getting an additional $120 a month.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Democrats also want to delay a 2012 law set to go into effect in the coming months that would \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication_quick.asp?i=1011\" target=\"_blank\">cut families' CalWORKS grants after two years\u003c/a> unless a parent is working or engaged in work-related activity at least 20 hours a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I don't know anybody who would have a baby for the mere fact of getting an additional $120 a month.'\u003ccite>State Sen. Holly Mitchell\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>H.D. Palmer, Brown's budget spokesman, said the two-year limit was imposed to comply with federal rules and that the state could face steep fines if it reverses the law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Michael Herald, a lobbyist for the Western Center on Law and Poverty, said many families have barriers that prevent them from working that much -- and in some cases, can't get consistent enough hours at their low-paying jobs to comply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Frank Mecca, director of the County Welfare Directors Association of California, said for some people, 24 months simply isn't long enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes a family might experience a job loss or domestic violence, and they address whatever issues come up and move from welfare to work, and then a recession comes up and they are out of work again,\" he said. \"People's lives are not linear and people's lives are complicated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the timing wouldn't be as big of a deal if there were better resources to help CalWORKS parents thrive. The Assembly, for example, has proposed a cost-of-living increase that would bring grant levels up by about 2.5 percent next year -- at an annual cost to the state of $91 million. The Assembly is also proposing to increase the amount of funding available to help house CalWORKS families -- the program that helped Deshay Risgby get her apartment -- from $20 million to $50 million next fiscal year .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we really need to do,\" said Mecca, \"is make sure people have adequate resources, adequate supportive services, like meaningful job training and child care, and give them that assistance as quickly as possible so they can move from welfare to work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two legislative houses are meeting this week in a conference committee to iron out their budget differences; negotiations with Brown are likely to begin in earnest by Monday. But Palmer, the governor's spokesman, said that in general the administration is opposed to the increased spending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the Legislature is depending on \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/05/27/california-state-budget-fight-now-about-predictions-more-than-programs\" target=\"_blank\">revenue projections\u003c/a> that are about $3 billion higher than the governor's. Even if revenues are significantly higher, Palmer said, it would be irresponsible to commit any extra money to ongoing spending programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">'If we get to a point where the economy takes a turn for the worse ... then these programs are going to have to turn right back around and face reductions.'\u003ccite>H.D. Palmer,\u003cbr>\nSpokesman for Gov. Jerry Brown\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"They are basing that higher revenue significantly on higher assumptions around capital gains, which are, by definition, volatile and can turn on a dime,\" he said. \"The augmentations the Legislature has made at this point ... are intended to be ongoing in nature, and if we get to a point where the economy takes a turn for the worse, and revenues decline significantly, then these programs are going to have to turn right back around and face reductions. So we don't believe it's prudent to build ongoing spending on revenues we believe from that forecast are going to be one time in nature.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmer noted that the governor has proposed a poverty-fighting program that pretty much everyone in Sacramento seems to support: An \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/political/la-me-pc-jerry-brown-tax-credit-budget-california-20150513-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">earned income tax credit\u003c/a> for the working poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for all the disagreements, Mecca struck a positive note, saying policymakers in California seem to agree -- after years of attacking these programs -- that poverty is \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/news/2013/september/toddler-language-gap-091213.html\" target=\"_blank\">damaging to kids\u003c/a> and that state leaders have a responsibility to tackle the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a big hill to climb and a long way to go, but before the Legislature and the governor right now is a really great foundation,\" Mecca said, citing the proposals to repeal the maximum family grant, enact the earned income tax credit and expand housing support for families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These are all really incredibly important foundational measures that can help us take the first step toward eliminating poverty, because that should be our goal -- to eliminate poverty for children and their parents,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "If You Think California's Struggling, New Poll Says You're Not Alone",
"title": "If You Think California's Struggling, New Poll Says You're Not Alone",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maybe it's the weeks and months of headlines chronicling the ever-worsening drought. Or perhaps it's the dichotomy of a shrinking unemployment rate but a growing sense of income inequality. Heck, it could just be the latest Hollywood blockbuster that shows us all \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/Bz9e0PGSDeU?t=44s\" target=\"_blank\">tumbling into a chasm cracked open by the Big One\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reason, when it comes to the hope that Californians may feel about the state turning the corner on years of tough times, a new poll makes it clear: Not so fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The mixed poll ratings for the state's direction and the economic outlook are indicators that the recovery from the Great Recession is still very much a work in progress,\" says Mark Baldassare, pollster and president of the nonpartisan Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1153\" target=\"_blank\">PPIC's newest poll\u003c/a> offers a new but familiar glimpse of just how crestfallen Californians seem when it comes to the road ahead. Only 40 percent of likely voters think the state is headed in the right direction, a 9-point decline since March and 4 points lower than all adults who were surveyed this same time in 2014. When the poll is broadened to all adults, it's more of a split decision; but here, too, PPIC finds a decline in optimism about the direction of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scores of news reports have made clear that the official ranks of the jobless are declining -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.edd.ca.gov/About_EDD/pdf/nwsrel15-17.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">29,500 new jobs in April alone\u003c/a> -- but Californians seem to think the economy is headed for more \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2126355/\" target=\"_blank\">San Andrea\u003c/a>s\"-like shaking. Where 52 percent of adults surveyed by PPIC in March thought good economic times were ahead, it's now down to 48 percent; likely voters are evenly split at 44 percent. Bay Area residents are the most optimistic (57 percent), while those in the Inland Empire (35 percent) and the Central Valley (43 percent) are the least optimistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the drought has replaced jobs and the economy as the most important issue in the minds of Californians (39 percent of adults say water issues, 20 percent pick the economy), it's possible that there's a nexus between the two. Even then, it's worth noting that there's a relatively narrow gap between the two issues, just 9 points, in the state's population center of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard not to view these poll results with at least a limited political lens, given that a statewide election is right around the corner. For starters, PPIC finds a troubling 61 percent of those surveyed who think they can trust state officials in Sacramento to do what's right \"only some of the time,\" a fairly consistent pessimism in surveys dating back more than a decade. \u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">PPIC's Baldassare says those findings make it pretty clear that for all of the relative improvement in the state's bottom line, lawmakers aren't viewed as deserving the credit.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whatever government is going to be doing,\" he says, \"Californians are going to approach it with a bit of skepticism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the political implications of the collective gloom could extend beyond legislative races to some of the issues now being pondered as potential 2016 ballot measures. Extend \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sacramento/news/2014/10/28/governor-wont-push-to-extend-prop-30-sale-and.html\" target=\"_blank\">2012's temporary taxes\u003c/a>? Only 46 percent of likely voters agree. Impose taxes on commercial property differently than residential property (the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article20431737.html\" target=\"_blank\">much discussed \"split roll\" change to Proposition 13\u003c/a>)? Fifty percent support. \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailycal.org/2015/05/19/environmentalist-tom-steyer-proposes-state-oil-extraction-tax-to-potentially-benefit-uc/\" target=\"_blank\">Tax oil and natural gas production\u003c/a>? Only 41 percent of likely voters agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Only boosting taxes on tobacco gets a big thumbs-up from likely voters in the PPIC poll, with 67 percent support.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only solace may be that all of this general grumpiness has been around for quite some time. \"We've seen persistent gloom in Californians' overall outlook since the early 2000s,\" says PPIC's Baldassare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a reality that stands somewhat in contrast to the sunny optimism preached by many of California's elected officials. Try as they might, nothing so far has seemed to shake Californians out of their collective long-term funk.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maybe it's the weeks and months of headlines chronicling the ever-worsening drought. Or perhaps it's the dichotomy of a shrinking unemployment rate but a growing sense of income inequality. Heck, it could just be the latest Hollywood blockbuster that shows us all \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/Bz9e0PGSDeU?t=44s\" target=\"_blank\">tumbling into a chasm cracked open by the Big One\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the reason, when it comes to the hope that Californians may feel about the state turning the corner on years of tough times, a new poll makes it clear: Not so fast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The mixed poll ratings for the state's direction and the economic outlook are indicators that the recovery from the Great Recession is still very much a work in progress,\" says Mark Baldassare, pollster and president of the nonpartisan Public Policy Institute of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication.asp?i=1153\" target=\"_blank\">PPIC's newest poll\u003c/a> offers a new but familiar glimpse of just how crestfallen Californians seem when it comes to the road ahead. Only 40 percent of likely voters think the state is headed in the right direction, a 9-point decline since March and 4 points lower than all adults who were surveyed this same time in 2014. When the poll is broadened to all adults, it's more of a split decision; but here, too, PPIC finds a decline in optimism about the direction of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scores of news reports have made clear that the official ranks of the jobless are declining -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.edd.ca.gov/About_EDD/pdf/nwsrel15-17.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">29,500 new jobs in April alone\u003c/a> -- but Californians seem to think the economy is headed for more \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2126355/\" target=\"_blank\">San Andrea\u003c/a>s\"-like shaking. Where 52 percent of adults surveyed by PPIC in March thought good economic times were ahead, it's now down to 48 percent; likely voters are evenly split at 44 percent. Bay Area residents are the most optimistic (57 percent), while those in the Inland Empire (35 percent) and the Central Valley (43 percent) are the least optimistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the drought has replaced jobs and the economy as the most important issue in the minds of Californians (39 percent of adults say water issues, 20 percent pick the economy), it's possible that there's a nexus between the two. Even then, it's worth noting that there's a relatively narrow gap between the two issues, just 9 points, in the state's population center of Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's hard not to view these poll results with at least a limited political lens, given that a statewide election is right around the corner. For starters, PPIC finds a troubling 61 percent of those surveyed who think they can trust state officials in Sacramento to do what's right \"only some of the time,\" a fairly consistent pessimism in surveys dating back more than a decade. \u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.5\">PPIC's Baldassare says those findings make it pretty clear that for all of the relative improvement in the state's bottom line, lawmakers aren't viewed as deserving the credit.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whatever government is going to be doing,\" he says, \"Californians are going to approach it with a bit of skepticism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the political implications of the collective gloom could extend beyond legislative races to some of the issues now being pondered as potential 2016 ballot measures. Extend \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sacramento/news/2014/10/28/governor-wont-push-to-extend-prop-30-sale-and.html\" target=\"_blank\">2012's temporary taxes\u003c/a>? Only 46 percent of likely voters agree. Impose taxes on commercial property differently than residential property (the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article20431737.html\" target=\"_blank\">much discussed \"split roll\" change to Proposition 13\u003c/a>)? Fifty percent support. \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailycal.org/2015/05/19/environmentalist-tom-steyer-proposes-state-oil-extraction-tax-to-potentially-benefit-uc/\" target=\"_blank\">Tax oil and natural gas production\u003c/a>? Only 41 percent of likely voters agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Only boosting taxes on tobacco gets a big thumbs-up from likely voters in the PPIC poll, with 67 percent support.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The only solace may be that all of this general grumpiness has been around for quite some time. \"We've seen persistent gloom in Californians' overall outlook since the early 2000s,\" says PPIC's Baldassare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a reality that stands somewhat in contrast to the sunny optimism preached by many of California's elected officials. Try as they might, nothing so far has seemed to shake Californians out of their collective long-term funk.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "san-francisco-supervisors-debate-proposed-market-rate-housing-moratorium",
"title": "San Francisco Supervisors Debate Proposed Market-Rate Housing Moratorium",
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"headTitle": "San Francisco Supervisors Debate Proposed Market-Rate Housing Moratorium | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Gentrification, housing crisis, displacement — whatever term one uses, the gist is the same: The high cost of housing is pushing residents out of San Francisco. Theories on who is culpable for the cost increase abound, ranging from tech workers to tech buses to NIMBY activists to Airbnb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what’s a city supervisor to do when there are more and more people wanting to live in your district? If you’re David Campos, you propose a 45-day \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbos.org/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=52696\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">moratorium on market-rate \u003c/a>residential construction in the Mission District, which could be extended for up to two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s basically about land preservation,” said Campos during an \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201505290900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interview with KQED’s \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that also featured Supervisor Scott Wiener, who opposes the moratorium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the entire Mission, there are only 18 units where you can actually build affordable housing,’ said Campos, who went on to explain that those 18 land parcels are large enough to fit the minimum 40 units needed to qualify for federal funding. Of those 18, Campos said five have already been purchased for “luxury development.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Buy the City Some Time\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos believes that the temporary halt on market-rate developments will give the city time to purchase some of those parcels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The voters of S.F., who are very wise, actually passed \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/City_of_San_Francisco_Additional_Affordable_Housing_Policy,_Proposition_K_(November_2014)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prop. K\u003c/a>,” said Campos. “And Prop. K says that the target is to build 50 percent affordable [housing].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Mission is saying: ‘We have a strategy, something concrete to get to that 50 percent,’ ” said Campos. “And our strategy says to protect, to preserve the limited amount of land, let’s do a pause on luxury housing so that the city can actually buy these parcels and begin to build as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos clarified during a back-and-forth with Wiener that his legislation, which is slated to be voted on by the Board of Supervisors on June 2, is not a moratorium on all housing, but on what he calls “luxury housing.” Projects that contain 100 percent affordable units would be permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos said in the case of his proposal, affordable housing will be defined as housing that costs “120 to 150 percent of the average median income.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the market is limited, there is a role for government,” said Campos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Any New Housing is Good Housing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for Wiener, that government role is not about preventing the construction of housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to increase the supply of housing overall,” said Wiener. “And that means all sorts of different kinds of housing. It means in-law units — that’s an important approach and I think the best use of the buildings that we have. It means creating group housing, it means creating market-rate housing, affordable housing, all kinds of housing. That’s how we’re going to solve the crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener argued that the proposed moratorium would actually raise prices and lead to more displacement of longtime Mission residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want to move into the Mission because it’s an amazing neighborhood,’ said Wiener. “And they’re going to come, whether or not we build any new housing. And if we don’t build the new housing, we’re going to see the pressure cooker in the Mission become an even worse pressure cooker. There’s going to be more displacement, more competition for housing, and that is going to hurt exactly the people that we all want to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener said that reducing market-rate housing projects ultimately reduces funds available for lower and, particularly, middle-income housing projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The easiest affordable housing to build is for low income, which is up to 50 percent of area median income and that’s because you can access federal tax credits and it’s a 3-to-1, 4-to-1 match,” explained Wiener. “Financially, it’s the easiest to pursue. The hardest [to build] is moderate housing, for people making 80, 90, 100 or so percent of area median income, because we don’t get those subsidies, so that requires local resources. And a lot of those resources we get from developers paying affordable housing fees to the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Wiener, “market-rate development and affordable housing development are inherently linked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points out that developers are required to include some affordable housing units in their projects or to pay fees. Campos’ ban would prevent projects that have upward of “30 percent, 40 percent, 50 percent affordable units.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Little Faith in City Leadership\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the 50-minute-plus conversation, both supervisors said that the city’s housing policies are ineffective. Several people who called into the show, one of whom said, “I’m out in the Sunset being evicted now,” echoed that dissatisfaction with city policy and leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have any faith in City Hall at this point,” said Jessica, who identifed herself as a 28-year-old native San Franciscan. “I appreciate what David Campos is trying to do. … How can people afford to live in the city that they grew up in?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a housing crisis,” said Campos. “And, respectfully, our mayor has not addressed this issue like it is a crisis. We have a crisis and we’re acting like it’s, you know, just another regular day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can listen to the complete Forum discussion here:\u003cbr>\n[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/207870385″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Gentrification, housing crisis, displacement — whatever term one uses, the gist is the same: The high cost of housing is pushing residents out of San Francisco. Theories on who is culpable for the cost increase abound, ranging from tech workers to tech buses to NIMBY activists to Airbnb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what’s a city supervisor to do when there are more and more people wanting to live in your district? If you’re David Campos, you propose a 45-day \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbos.org/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=52696\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">moratorium on market-rate \u003c/a>residential construction in the Mission District, which could be extended for up to two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s basically about land preservation,” said Campos during an \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201505290900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">interview with KQED’s \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that also featured Supervisor Scott Wiener, who opposes the moratorium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the entire Mission, there are only 18 units where you can actually build affordable housing,’ said Campos, who went on to explain that those 18 land parcels are large enough to fit the minimum 40 units needed to qualify for federal funding. Of those 18, Campos said five have already been purchased for “luxury development.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Buy the City Some Time\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos believes that the temporary halt on market-rate developments will give the city time to purchase some of those parcels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The voters of S.F., who are very wise, actually passed \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/City_of_San_Francisco_Additional_Affordable_Housing_Policy,_Proposition_K_(November_2014)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prop. K\u003c/a>,” said Campos. “And Prop. K says that the target is to build 50 percent affordable [housing].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Mission is saying: ‘We have a strategy, something concrete to get to that 50 percent,’ ” said Campos. “And our strategy says to protect, to preserve the limited amount of land, let’s do a pause on luxury housing so that the city can actually buy these parcels and begin to build as quickly as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos clarified during a back-and-forth with Wiener that his legislation, which is slated to be voted on by the Board of Supervisors on June 2, is not a moratorium on all housing, but on what he calls “luxury housing.” Projects that contain 100 percent affordable units would be permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Campos said in the case of his proposal, affordable housing will be defined as housing that costs “120 to 150 percent of the average median income.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the market is limited, there is a role for government,” said Campos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Any New Housing is Good Housing\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for Wiener, that government role is not about preventing the construction of housing units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to increase the supply of housing overall,” said Wiener. “And that means all sorts of different kinds of housing. It means in-law units — that’s an important approach and I think the best use of the buildings that we have. It means creating group housing, it means creating market-rate housing, affordable housing, all kinds of housing. That’s how we’re going to solve the crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener argued that the proposed moratorium would actually raise prices and lead to more displacement of longtime Mission residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want to move into the Mission because it’s an amazing neighborhood,’ said Wiener. “And they’re going to come, whether or not we build any new housing. And if we don’t build the new housing, we’re going to see the pressure cooker in the Mission become an even worse pressure cooker. There’s going to be more displacement, more competition for housing, and that is going to hurt exactly the people that we all want to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener said that reducing market-rate housing projects ultimately reduces funds available for lower and, particularly, middle-income housing projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The easiest affordable housing to build is for low income, which is up to 50 percent of area median income and that’s because you can access federal tax credits and it’s a 3-to-1, 4-to-1 match,” explained Wiener. “Financially, it’s the easiest to pursue. The hardest [to build] is moderate housing, for people making 80, 90, 100 or so percent of area median income, because we don’t get those subsidies, so that requires local resources. And a lot of those resources we get from developers paying affordable housing fees to the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Wiener, “market-rate development and affordable housing development are inherently linked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He points out that developers are required to include some affordable housing units in their projects or to pay fees. Campos’ ban would prevent projects that have upward of “30 percent, 40 percent, 50 percent affordable units.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Little Faith in City Leadership\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the 50-minute-plus conversation, both supervisors said that the city’s housing policies are ineffective. Several people who called into the show, one of whom said, “I’m out in the Sunset being evicted now,” echoed that dissatisfaction with city policy and leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have any faith in City Hall at this point,” said Jessica, who identifed herself as a 28-year-old native San Franciscan. “I appreciate what David Campos is trying to do. … How can people afford to live in the city that they grew up in?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a housing crisis,” said Campos. “And, respectfully, our mayor has not addressed this issue like it is a crisis. 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"content": "\u003cp>When people call up Leigh Jerrard, founder of Greywater Corps, they're greeted with a recorded message: \"Note that we are overwhelmed with inquiries right now, so it may be a while before we get back to you. But have faith.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jerrard's company helps homeowners with the complicated process of installing their own graywater systems. The system takes drainage from showers or washing machines and uses it to water lawns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sounds like a great idea now. But six years ago, when Jerrard started the company, few people were interested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Up until about a year ago, it's been pretty slow,\" Jerrard says. \"[But] things started to pick up. Last year was the first year we were solvent. Within the last month or two, the phone has been ringing off the hook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In between interviewing to add another employee and another site visit, Jerrard managed to squeeze in an initial consultation for Lisa Mann at her craftsman-style home in Pasadena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After about an hour of dispensing practical advice and sharing his water-use philosophy, Jerrard convinces Mann to jump on board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sign me up,\" she says. \"I'm serious. We got to do this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watering with graywater will be more expensive and complicated than Mann initially thought. But to her, it's worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems like the drought never ends. It's been here and it doesn't seem it is going away,\" she says. \"So we need to find ways to landscape and to be more efficient with our house.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That sentiment is also helping entrepreneurs such as Gayle Butensky. She started a drought-tolerant landscaping business five years ago. They specialize in using plants native to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have been doing this for years and years and years,\" she says. \"It's just much more apparent now. Because once one person does, the next person sees it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butensky adds that going native doesn't mean sacrificing aesthetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't have to look like a desert. It doesn't have to look like rocks. It can look like a nice garden.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All those native plants have to come from somewhere, which has made California Cactus Center a very popular shop these days. It's been in Molly Thongthiraj's family for 38 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When we first started it was not mainstream, but now it is,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thongthiraj says because of the drought, business has never been better — up 20 percent since last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Gayle is one of her colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know there's always been a significant client base for people who were always collectors of cactuses and succulents,\" he says. \"But I think now it's a necessity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also a cost-saver because of government incentives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Los Angeles started offering a $3.75 rebate on every square foot of grass that homeowners rip out and replace with a drought-friendly landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No company has benefited more than Turf Terminators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every time we think we've built the organization to a size where we think it's going to meet demand, demand just sort of jumps up and we have to grow again,\" says Julian Fox, the company's chief operating officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Turf Terminators started just 10 months ago, it had three full-time employees. Now it has more than 500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With no end in sight, California's drought may present a long-term boost for local entrepreneurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California%27s+Drought+Makes+It+Rain+Big+Bucks+For+Local+Businesses&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After about an hour of dispensing practical advice and sharing his water-use philosophy, Jerrard convinces Mann to jump on board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sign me up,\" she says. \"I'm serious. We got to do this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watering with graywater will be more expensive and complicated than Mann initially thought. But to her, it's worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It seems like the drought never ends. It's been here and it doesn't seem it is going away,\" she says. \"So we need to find ways to landscape and to be more efficient with our house.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That sentiment is also helping entrepreneurs such as Gayle Butensky. She started a drought-tolerant landscaping business five years ago. They specialize in using plants native to California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have been doing this for years and years and years,\" she says. \"It's just much more apparent now. Because once one person does, the next person sees it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butensky adds that going native doesn't mean sacrificing aesthetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't have to look like a desert. It doesn't have to look like rocks. It can look like a nice garden.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All those native plants have to come from somewhere, which has made California Cactus Center a very popular shop these days. It's been in Molly Thongthiraj's family for 38 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When we first started it was not mainstream, but now it is,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thongthiraj says because of the drought, business has never been better — up 20 percent since last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Gayle is one of her colleagues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know there's always been a significant client base for people who were always collectors of cactuses and succulents,\" he says. \"But I think now it's a necessity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also a cost-saver because of government incentives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Los Angeles started offering a $3.75 rebate on every square foot of grass that homeowners rip out and replace with a drought-friendly landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No company has benefited more than Turf Terminators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every time we think we've built the organization to a size where we think it's going to meet demand, demand just sort of jumps up and we have to grow again,\" says Julian Fox, the company's chief operating officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Turf Terminators started just 10 months ago, it had three full-time employees. Now it has more than 500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With no end in sight, California's drought may present a long-term boost for local entrepreneurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=California%27s+Drought+Makes+It+Rain+Big+Bucks+For+Local+Businesses&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Deportees With Families in U.S. Try to Start Over in Tijuana",
"title": "Deportees With Families in U.S. Try to Start Over in Tijuana",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Every day at sunrise, dozens of men deported by the U.S. government gather on a Tijuana street about 5 miles south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contractors looking to hire cheap plumbers, electricians and construction workers pick them up from the stretch between a Costco and a Home Depot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/206236498\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These men are trying to assimilate back into the working class of Mexico, but the country feels like an alien place for many of them. A rising number of the deportees had spent many years, sometimes decades, living illegally north of the border. They left behind families, jobs and homes when they were deported. The Obama administration has \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/10/02/u-s-deportations-of-immigrants-reach-record-high-in-2013/\" target=\"_blank\">removed more than 2 million immigrants\u003c/a> since 2008, one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/ois_yb_2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">largest deportation waves\u003c/a> in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, these men have lost hope of returning to the U.S. and are trying to find jobs in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossing has become too difficult. Smugglers are more expensive and unreliable. Border agents are more numerous. Drug traffickers make the desert more dangerous, and some of the deportees fear being imprisoned in the U.S. because of repeat immigration violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they've chosen to stay and work in Tijuana, to be as close as possible to their families across the border in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hPMKiLra8A&w=640&h=360]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cesar Jimenez Sanchez is hoping to pick up work in construction. He lived in the U.S. for 32 years. He was a licensed contractor, and built houses and paved roads in Orange County. Five years ago, he was deported following a drunken driving arrest. He left behind his wife and eight children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has been cracking down on migrants who commit crimes while living illegally in the U.S., even those guilty of no more than a traffic violation. Last year, 40 percent of criminal deportees had committed misdemeanors in the U.S. Nearly half of all the deportees had clean records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his dusty, wheeled backpack, Jimenez carries an assortment of tools: a cement mixing tray, a round saw, a trowel, hammers and more. He purchased most of his equipment in Mexico so he could do any job offered to him. Like many other migrants, he was deported \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/12/10/369893574/some-deportees-return-to-mexico-but-their-stuff-stays-in-the-u-s\" rel=\"external\">without his belongings.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm illegal all over again here because I don't have any papers,\" he said. \"I don’t have anything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Jimenez has no choice but to join the informal economy like most other deportees. He toils full days in the heat for the equivalent of $10 or $15. It’s not enough to pay rent and still eat, so he sleeps under a bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10531730\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Cesar Jimenez Sanchez has waited daily at this corner outside a Costco in Tijuana for the past five years, hoping to pick up odd jobs. He was deported following a DUI arrest, leaving behind a wife and eight children in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10531730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cesar Jimenez Sanchez has waited daily at this corner outside a Costco in Tijuana for the past five years, hoping to pick up odd jobs. He was deported following a DUI arrest, leaving behind a wife and eight children in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Nicholas McVicker/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jimenez is 45. The average age of deportees has risen over time, according to Immigration and Customs Enforcement records. Today, most deportees are older than 30. Undocumented immigrants in the United States have been \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewhispanic.org/2014/09/03/as-growth-stalls-unauthorized-immigrant-population-becomes-more-settled/\" target=\"_blank\">living there longer\u003c/a>, so those who are deported now are more likely to have been long-term U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This poses a rising problem for those who want to reintegrate into the Mexican workforce. Age discrimination is rampant in Mexico, despite laws to prevent it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Antonio De La Peña Hernandez is 60. He lived in the U.S. from the age of 5 until he was deported at 55. He was a truck driver north of the border but has been unable to find a formal job in Mexico. He picks up trash off the street for a few pesos a day. He says he has been robbed and beaten by Mexicans who perceive him as an outsider. He speaks English better than Spanish. His face is gaunt from the weight he has lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he talks about his desire to work, De La Peña chokes up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All my life I've been working, and now I don't know where to start,\" he said through tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are people in Tijuana who are trying to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that same day, at a migrant shelter called Desayunador Salesiano, De La Peña was reclining in a black leather chair, while a volunteer shaved off his salt-and-pepper beard and trimmed his hair. He said he hoped that cleaning up his look would improve his chances of getting a real job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrant shelters across Tijuana have been adapting their services to the changes in the deportee population, launching reintegration programs to help migrants find jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to offering a place to sleep and eat, shelters now offer classes in computer literacy, English and more. Many offer free haircuts so that deportees can prepare for job interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La Casa del Migrante, the oldest migrant shelter in Tijuana, assists people in getting official documents such as birth certificates, setting up email addresses, writing resumes and improving their wardrobe with donated clothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10531732\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Antonio de la Peña Hernandez, a deportee, gets a shave at a Tijuana migrant shelter called Desayunador Salesiano Padre Chava.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10531732\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Antonio de la Peña Hernandez, a deportee, gets a shave at a Tijuana migrant shelter called Desayunador Salesiano Padre Chava. \u003ccite>(Nicholas McVicker/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Rev. Pat Murphy, the shelter's director, said deportees who express a desire to work are allowed to stay there for several weeks. Volunteers help them become self-sufficient so that they can rent a place where their families may come visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The past year, year and a half, it has become evident that people are tired of trying to cross, and a lot of people want to establish themselves in Tijuana. Why? Because their families are on the other side,\" Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, a Mexican research institute, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, has found a dramatic decrease in the number of deportees who plan to return to the United States. In 2009, three in every four deportees said they planned to try to go back to the U.S. within the week. In 2013, fewer than 20 percent had such plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murphy's shelter has also seen an increase in mental health problems such as anxiety and depression, due to families being separated. The shelter has hired a full-time psychologist to help deportees deal with these problems prior to seeking jobs. Murphy said most migrants are ready to work within a few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They just, as we say in Spanish,\u003cem> tiene ganas.\u003c/em> They have this spirit that they want to do something,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario Riojas, a 43-year-old Mexican deportee staying at the shelter, had lived in various U.S. states from the time he was 18. In the U.S., he ran a construction business that employed up to 60 people. When he was deported following a routine traffic inspection, he lost everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was hard to accept at first. He tried crossing again twice. But then border officials threatened to put him in federal prison. He decided it wasn't worth the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s not possible to be illegal all your life,\" Riojas said. \"I still miss the U.S., but I’m here. And I feel God wants me here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Casa del Migrante was able to secure him a job at Telvista, \u003ca href=\"http://america.aljazeera.com/features/2014/3/mexico-s-call-centers.html\" target=\"_blank\">a call center capitalizing on the number of bilingual deportees\u003c/a> in Mexico. He hopes to have enough money to move out of the shelter within a month. Eventually, he plans to start a construction business like the one he had in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel that if I did well in the States, I will do well in Mexico also,\" Riojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, after spending $10 for a small advertisement in the newspaper \u003cem>El Mexicano\u003c/em> offering his services, he received a phone call at the shelter from a contractor seeking to renovate a duplex. Riojas decided to hire 10 deportees from the shelter to help him do the job.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every day at sunrise, dozens of men deported by the U.S. government gather on a Tijuana street about 5 miles south of the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contractors looking to hire cheap plumbers, electricians and construction workers pick them up from the stretch between a Costco and a Home Depot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/206236498&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/206236498'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These men are trying to assimilate back into the working class of Mexico, but the country feels like an alien place for many of them. A rising number of the deportees had spent many years, sometimes decades, living illegally north of the border. They left behind families, jobs and homes when they were deported. The Obama administration has \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/10/02/u-s-deportations-of-immigrants-reach-record-high-in-2013/\" target=\"_blank\">removed more than 2 million immigrants\u003c/a> since 2008, one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/ois_yb_2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">largest deportation waves\u003c/a> in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For now, these men have lost hope of returning to the U.S. and are trying to find jobs in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crossing has become too difficult. Smugglers are more expensive and unreliable. Border agents are more numerous. Drug traffickers make the desert more dangerous, and some of the deportees fear being imprisoned in the U.S. because of repeat immigration violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So they've chosen to stay and work in Tijuana, to be as close as possible to their families across the border in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/3hPMKiLra8A'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/3hPMKiLra8A'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cesar Jimenez Sanchez is hoping to pick up work in construction. He lived in the U.S. for 32 years. He was a licensed contractor, and built houses and paved roads in Orange County. Five years ago, he was deported following a drunken driving arrest. He left behind his wife and eight children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has been cracking down on migrants who commit crimes while living illegally in the U.S., even those guilty of no more than a traffic violation. Last year, 40 percent of criminal deportees had committed misdemeanors in the U.S. Nearly half of all the deportees had clean records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his dusty, wheeled backpack, Jimenez carries an assortment of tools: a cement mixing tray, a round saw, a trowel, hammers and more. He purchased most of his equipment in Mexico so he could do any job offered to him. Like many other migrants, he was deported \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2014/12/10/369893574/some-deportees-return-to-mexico-but-their-stuff-stays-in-the-u-s\" rel=\"external\">without his belongings.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm illegal all over again here because I don't have any papers,\" he said. \"I don’t have anything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Jimenez has no choice but to join the informal economy like most other deportees. He toils full days in the heat for the equivalent of $10 or $15. It’s not enough to pay rent and still eat, so he sleeps under a bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10531730\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Cesar Jimenez Sanchez has waited daily at this corner outside a Costco in Tijuana for the past five years, hoping to pick up odd jobs. He was deported following a DUI arrest, leaving behind a wife and eight children in the U.S.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10531730\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/CesarinTijuana.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cesar Jimenez Sanchez has waited daily at this corner outside a Costco in Tijuana for the past five years, hoping to pick up odd jobs. He was deported following a DUI arrest, leaving behind a wife and eight children in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Nicholas McVicker/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jimenez is 45. The average age of deportees has risen over time, according to Immigration and Customs Enforcement records. Today, most deportees are older than 30. Undocumented immigrants in the United States have been \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewhispanic.org/2014/09/03/as-growth-stalls-unauthorized-immigrant-population-becomes-more-settled/\" target=\"_blank\">living there longer\u003c/a>, so those who are deported now are more likely to have been long-term U.S. residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This poses a rising problem for those who want to reintegrate into the Mexican workforce. Age discrimination is rampant in Mexico, despite laws to prevent it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Antonio De La Peña Hernandez is 60. He lived in the U.S. from the age of 5 until he was deported at 55. He was a truck driver north of the border but has been unable to find a formal job in Mexico. He picks up trash off the street for a few pesos a day. He says he has been robbed and beaten by Mexicans who perceive him as an outsider. He speaks English better than Spanish. His face is gaunt from the weight he has lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he talks about his desire to work, De La Peña chokes up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All my life I've been working, and now I don't know where to start,\" he said through tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are people in Tijuana who are trying to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that same day, at a migrant shelter called Desayunador Salesiano, De La Peña was reclining in a black leather chair, while a volunteer shaved off his salt-and-pepper beard and trimmed his hair. He said he hoped that cleaning up his look would improve his chances of getting a real job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrant shelters across Tijuana have been adapting their services to the changes in the deportee population, launching reintegration programs to help migrants find jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to offering a place to sleep and eat, shelters now offer classes in computer literacy, English and more. Many offer free haircuts so that deportees can prepare for job interviews.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>La Casa del Migrante, the oldest migrant shelter in Tijuana, assists people in getting official documents such as birth certificates, setting up email addresses, writing resumes and improving their wardrobe with donated clothing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10531732\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Antonio de la Peña Hernandez, a deportee, gets a shave at a Tijuana migrant shelter called Desayunador Salesiano Padre Chava.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10531732\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/Hernandez.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Antonio de la Peña Hernandez, a deportee, gets a shave at a Tijuana migrant shelter called Desayunador Salesiano Padre Chava. \u003ccite>(Nicholas McVicker/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Rev. Pat Murphy, the shelter's director, said deportees who express a desire to work are allowed to stay there for several weeks. Volunteers help them become self-sufficient so that they can rent a place where their families may come visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The past year, year and a half, it has become evident that people are tired of trying to cross, and a lot of people want to establish themselves in Tijuana. Why? Because their families are on the other side,\" Murphy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, a Mexican research institute, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, has found a dramatic decrease in the number of deportees who plan to return to the United States. In 2009, three in every four deportees said they planned to try to go back to the U.S. within the week. In 2013, fewer than 20 percent had such plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Murphy's shelter has also seen an increase in mental health problems such as anxiety and depression, due to families being separated. The shelter has hired a full-time psychologist to help deportees deal with these problems prior to seeking jobs. Murphy said most migrants are ready to work within a few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They just, as we say in Spanish,\u003cem> tiene ganas.\u003c/em> They have this spirit that they want to do something,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario Riojas, a 43-year-old Mexican deportee staying at the shelter, had lived in various U.S. states from the time he was 18. In the U.S., he ran a construction business that employed up to 60 people. When he was deported following a routine traffic inspection, he lost everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was hard to accept at first. He tried crossing again twice. But then border officials threatened to put him in federal prison. He decided it wasn't worth the risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s not possible to be illegal all your life,\" Riojas said. \"I still miss the U.S., but I’m here. And I feel God wants me here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Casa del Migrante was able to secure him a job at Telvista, \u003ca href=\"http://america.aljazeera.com/features/2014/3/mexico-s-call-centers.html\" target=\"_blank\">a call center capitalizing on the number of bilingual deportees\u003c/a> in Mexico. He hopes to have enough money to move out of the shelter within a month. Eventually, he plans to start a construction business like the one he had in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel that if I did well in the States, I will do well in Mexico also,\" Riojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, after spending $10 for a small advertisement in the newspaper \u003cem>El Mexicano\u003c/em> offering his services, he received a phone call at the shelter from a contractor seeking to renovate a duplex. Riojas decided to hire 10 deportees from the shelter to help him do the job.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Facebook Sets New Minimum Pay for Support Workers: $15 an Hour",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facebook is pushing for higher pay and improved benefits for the janitors, cooks and other workers who support its employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world’s largest online social network is implementing a new set of standards for its U.S.-based contractors who do a “substantial amount of work” with Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheryl Sandberg, Facebook’s chief operating officer, announced the changes in \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.fb.com/news/2015/05/improved-benefits-for-facebook-contractors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a blog post\u003c/a> late Tuesday. The new requirements include a minimum wage of $15 an hour, at least 15 paid days off per year, and for those who don’t receive paid parental leave, a “new child benefit” of $4,000 for new parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes amid a nationwide push to pay low-wage workers at least $15 per hour and improve other benefits. In Silicon Valley, where the wealth gap between tech industry luminaries and the workers who serve their lunches and clean their bathroom can be especially jarring, the movement has focused on tech giants like Apple, Google and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook had originally planned to announce the changes last Monday, as the standards are already in place for some workers. The announcement was delayed following the sudden death of Sandberg’s husband, David Goldberg, on May 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking these steps is the right thing to do for our business and our community,” wrote Sandberg, who returned to work at Facebook this week. “Women, because they comprise about two-thirds of minimum wage workers nationally, are particularly affected by wage adjustments. Research also shows that providing adequate benefits contributes to a happier and ultimately more productive workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook wouldn’t disclose how many workers its changes will affect, but the number is likely in the hundreds as it includes kitchen staff, janitors, security guards and other workers who are employed by outside contractors and vendors to support its sprawling headquarters in Menlo Park and elsewhere in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandberg said the new standards were put in place May 1 for “some of our largest support teams” at the company’s headquarters, and the company is planning to implement them with a broader set of U.S. vendors this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new standards apply to Facebook’s shuttle bus drivers, the company said. But the drivers voted to unionize earlier this year with the Teamsters. Rome Aloise, international vice president for Teamsters Local 853, said the starting wage in their contracts already exceeds $15 per hour, as does paid time off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I do think that Facebook is exhibiting themselves to be responsible corporate citizens,” he said. “(We’re) hoping the rest of the tech companies will follow their lead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Google’s Northern California campuses, support staff such as bus drivers, parking attendants, guards and cafe workers earn a minimum of $15 an hour, according to the company. The changes went into effect April 1, a month before Facebook’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google says it has also been working to reduce the number of split shifts that bus drivers have, which has been a major complaint for workers who must drive during morning and evening rush hour, leading to extraordinarily long days. The company is also pushing to increase driver pay to at least $24 per hour, with a 15 percent premium on top of that for those who work split shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Microsoft said it will require its U.S. suppliers to give employees who do work at the company at least 15 days of paid time off each year. The changes will be implemented over the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook did the right thing in making sure that workers are paid a minimum of $15 an hour,” said Kendall Fells, national organizing director of the Fight for $15. ” If Facebook can raise pay to $15, so can McDonald’s.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facebook is pushing for higher pay and improved benefits for the janitors, cooks and other workers who support its employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The world’s largest online social network is implementing a new set of standards for its U.S.-based contractors who do a “substantial amount of work” with Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheryl Sandberg, Facebook’s chief operating officer, announced the changes in \u003ca href=\"http://newsroom.fb.com/news/2015/05/improved-benefits-for-facebook-contractors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a blog post\u003c/a> late Tuesday. The new requirements include a minimum wage of $15 an hour, at least 15 paid days off per year, and for those who don’t receive paid parental leave, a “new child benefit” of $4,000 for new parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes amid a nationwide push to pay low-wage workers at least $15 per hour and improve other benefits. In Silicon Valley, where the wealth gap between tech industry luminaries and the workers who serve their lunches and clean their bathroom can be especially jarring, the movement has focused on tech giants like Apple, Google and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook had originally planned to announce the changes last Monday, as the standards are already in place for some workers. The announcement was delayed following the sudden death of Sandberg’s husband, David Goldberg, on May 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Taking these steps is the right thing to do for our business and our community,” wrote Sandberg, who returned to work at Facebook this week. “Women, because they comprise about two-thirds of minimum wage workers nationally, are particularly affected by wage adjustments. Research also shows that providing adequate benefits contributes to a happier and ultimately more productive workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook wouldn’t disclose how many workers its changes will affect, but the number is likely in the hundreds as it includes kitchen staff, janitors, security guards and other workers who are employed by outside contractors and vendors to support its sprawling headquarters in Menlo Park and elsewhere in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandberg said the new standards were put in place May 1 for “some of our largest support teams” at the company’s headquarters, and the company is planning to implement them with a broader set of U.S. vendors this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new standards apply to Facebook’s shuttle bus drivers, the company said. But the drivers voted to unionize earlier this year with the Teamsters. Rome Aloise, international vice president for Teamsters Local 853, said the starting wage in their contracts already exceeds $15 per hour, as does paid time off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I do think that Facebook is exhibiting themselves to be responsible corporate citizens,” he said. “(We’re) hoping the rest of the tech companies will follow their lead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Google’s Northern California campuses, support staff such as bus drivers, parking attendants, guards and cafe workers earn a minimum of $15 an hour, according to the company. The changes went into effect April 1, a month before Facebook’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google says it has also been working to reduce the number of split shifts that bus drivers have, which has been a major complaint for workers who must drive during morning and evening rush hour, leading to extraordinarily long days. The company is also pushing to increase driver pay to at least $24 per hour, with a 15 percent premium on top of that for those who work split shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, Microsoft said it will require its U.S. suppliers to give employees who do work at the company at least 15 days of paid time off each year. The changes will be implemented over the next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Facebook did the right thing in making sure that workers are paid a minimum of $15 an hour,” said Kendall Fells, national organizing director of the Fight for $15. ” If Facebook can raise pay to $15, so can McDonald’s.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Is a Do-Over on the Horizon for California's Sales Tax?",
"title": "Is a Do-Over on the Horizon for California's Sales Tax?",
"headTitle": "FaultLines | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Few sentences may have ever captured California's bizarre sales tax rules better than the one in a new report from the state's nonpartisan Legislative Analyst's Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A sandwich purchased to go,\" says the report, \"may shift from tax-exempt to taxable if the customer chooses to have the bread toasted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seriously? \u003cem>Toasted bread and the price of the sandwich goes up?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason is buried deep in a system that's so full of what feels like Byzantine requirements and exclusions that it has sparked a steady chorus of voices -- for years -- to remake the sales tax system. Into what, you ask? Something that's more uniform, more broadly applied, and probably set at a lower rate. And this year, that chorus seems to be a little louder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/reports/2015/finance/sales-tax/understanding-sales-tax-050615.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">LAO report offers some fascinating detail into how we got here\u003c/a>, and what the sales tax -- technically, a sales and use tax -- means to local and state government. In short: California first imposed a sales tax in 1933 and now averages about 8.5 percent (rates vary because some cities and counties place their own local tax on top of the state's base sales tax).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers have gradually raised the state rate or shifted its allocations, often in reaction to whopping budget deficits. And voters approved a temporary boost in the state's portion through \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_30,_Sales_and_Income_Tax_Increase_%282012%29\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 30 in 2012 \u003c/a>-- a boost that is scheduled to expire at the end of 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sales Tax: Slow and Steady\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sales tax used to be the most important source of state government revenue, but was long ago eclipsed by personal income tax, which now provides two-thirds of California's general fund tax dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the sales tax often gets labeled with the two \"R's\": reliable and regressive. On reliability, it's proved to be far less volatile than income tax revenues; the LAO report calculates annual sales tax growth since 1970-71 (after adjusting for inflation and rate changes) at only about 1.4 percent. Critics, though, argue it's also the most \u003ca href=\"http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/1998/03/taxes-gale\" target=\"_blank\">regressive tax\u003c/a> -- in that low-income Californians, who pay the same sales tax rate as everyone else, end up paying a higher share of their income to sales taxes than the more wealthy. In contrast, the personal income tax increases along with wages -- a more progressive structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, enough background. The fact is that the sales tax is imposed in ways that can make your head spin: Sales tax on hot but not cold foods; sales tax on a newspaper subscription but not one to a magazine; sales tax on a new car but not on car maintenance or repair services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there were the great sales tax fights of days gone by, like the 1991 law that deemed bottled water and candy as non-foods, which then led to a quirky political campaign in 1992 for Proposition 163, which repealed the \"snack tax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10518245\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 569px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10518245 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/salestx.jpg\" alt=\"salestx\" width=\"569\" height=\"811\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/salestx.jpg 569w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/salestx-400x570.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 569px) 100vw, 569px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California's sales tax rules are, to put it mildly, confusing. (Graphic: Legislative Analyst's Office) \u003ccite>(Graphic: Legislative Analyst's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the broader issue is that California's sales tax remains largely focused on goods and not services, while the state's economy has decidedly shifted toward more growth and reliance on services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So ... does that mean changes are overdue? Or, more importantly, are they politically doable?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Broadening Sales Taxes: Big Money, Big Political Hurdles\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a lot of buzz about new efforts in Sacramento to overhaul the sales tax system, but they are really a continuation of a discussion that began in the depths of the Great Recession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his proposed 2009-2010 budget, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger \u003ca href=\"http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2009/jan/26/ca-state-budget-service-taxes-012609/\" target=\"_blank\">proposed imposing sales taxes on a portion of the state's service economy\u003c/a>. In two stages, Schwarzenegger wanted to include repair services (for appliances and cars); visits to the veterinarian; amusement parks; sporting events; and rounds of playing golf. The proposal promptly went nowhere, but it led to a much larger -- and contentious -- debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That debate was centered on the work of Schwarzenegger's Commission on the 21st Century Economy, dubbed the \"Parsky Commission\" after its chairman, financier and GOP activist \u003ca href=\"http://www.auroracap.com/people/equity-partners-gparsky.php\" target=\"_blank\">Gerald Parsky\u003c/a>. For most of 2009, the bipartisan commission contemplated and clashed over the idea of a vastly different sales tax -- one that would be completely redesigned with an eye on flattening and expanding to more sectors of the economy. The commission called it a \"business net receipts tax,\" and it was often described as looking something like the \u003ca href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/taxation/vat/how_vat_works/index_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\">European value added tax\u003c/a> (VAT).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the idea was hammered by liberal groups and on opinion pages as too much of a new burden on low-income Californians. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cotce.ca.gov/documents/reports/documents/Commission_on_the_21st_Century_Economy-Final_Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">415-page Parsky Commission report\u003c/a> landed with a thud in the state Capitol, where's it's been gathering dust ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2015's version of the debate is the work-in-progress \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/sen/sb_0001-0050/sb_8_bill_20150210_amended_sen_v98.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Bill 8\u003c/a> by state Sen. Bob Hertzberg (D-Van Nuys), \u003ca href=\"http://sd18.senate.ca.gov/news/1122015-sen-bob-hertzberg-pushes-plan-modernize-california%E2%80%99s-tax-structure-promote-upward\" target=\"_blank\">an omnibus tax overhaul proposal\u003c/a> that's generated a lot of discussion -- so much that some think it could provide the basis of a 2016 ballot initiative if the Legislature takes a pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertzberg, a former Assembly speaker who spent a few years leading the bipartisan think tank California Forward, has become a passionate activist for getting away from the traditional sales tax structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WtLHl7E6J54?start=236]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The economy's changed,\" said Hertzberg earlier this year in a Senate Democratic caucus video. \"If you're a lawyer, if you're an accountant, if you're an engineer, if you're a political consultant, those are services which should be taxed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB8 has yet to get an actual vote in the Senate, and its prospects are a bit unclear. Even so, it's generated some interesting discussion.That included \u003ca href=\"http://www.boe.ca.gov/news/2015/35-15-G.htm\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis in mid-April by the state Board of Equalization that suggested a broad sales tax could produce $122.6 billion in revenues\u003c/a> -- a whopper of an amount, and one that sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxandhoundsdaily.com/2015/04/boe-study-on-service-taxes-sets-off-debate/\" target=\"_blank\">critics of sales tax changes into a tizzy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether any of this results in actual change remains to be seen. In fact, the most likely sales tax changes from the state Capitol in 2015 are special exclusions, like \u003ca href=\"http://asmdc.org/members/a80/news-room/press-releases/assemblywoman-lorena-gonzalez-proposes-elimination-of-california-s-diaper-tax\" target=\"_blank\">a high-profile effort to exempt diapers from items that are charged a sales tax\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the broader debate raises important questions about the relationship between California's economy and its tax structure -- a relationship that seems to be changing all the time, and redefining who bears which part of the load when it comes to California's tax burden.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Few sentences may have ever captured California's bizarre sales tax rules better than the one in a new report from the state's nonpartisan Legislative Analyst's Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A sandwich purchased to go,\" says the report, \"may shift from tax-exempt to taxable if the customer chooses to have the bread toasted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seriously? \u003cem>Toasted bread and the price of the sandwich goes up?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason is buried deep in a system that's so full of what feels like Byzantine requirements and exclusions that it has sparked a steady chorus of voices -- for years -- to remake the sales tax system. Into what, you ask? Something that's more uniform, more broadly applied, and probably set at a lower rate. And this year, that chorus seems to be a little louder.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.lao.ca.gov/reports/2015/finance/sales-tax/understanding-sales-tax-050615.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">LAO report offers some fascinating detail into how we got here\u003c/a>, and what the sales tax -- technically, a sales and use tax -- means to local and state government. In short: California first imposed a sales tax in 1933 and now averages about 8.5 percent (rates vary because some cities and counties place their own local tax on top of the state's base sales tax).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers have gradually raised the state rate or shifted its allocations, often in reaction to whopping budget deficits. And voters approved a temporary boost in the state's portion through \u003ca href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_30,_Sales_and_Income_Tax_Increase_%282012%29\" target=\"_blank\">Proposition 30 in 2012 \u003c/a>-- a boost that is scheduled to expire at the end of 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sales Tax: Slow and Steady\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sales tax used to be the most important source of state government revenue, but was long ago eclipsed by personal income tax, which now provides two-thirds of California's general fund tax dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the sales tax often gets labeled with the two \"R's\": reliable and regressive. On reliability, it's proved to be far less volatile than income tax revenues; the LAO report calculates annual sales tax growth since 1970-71 (after adjusting for inflation and rate changes) at only about 1.4 percent. Critics, though, argue it's also the most \u003ca href=\"http://www.brookings.edu/research/papers/1998/03/taxes-gale\" target=\"_blank\">regressive tax\u003c/a> -- in that low-income Californians, who pay the same sales tax rate as everyone else, end up paying a higher share of their income to sales taxes than the more wealthy. In contrast, the personal income tax increases along with wages -- a more progressive structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OK, enough background. The fact is that the sales tax is imposed in ways that can make your head spin: Sales tax on hot but not cold foods; sales tax on a newspaper subscription but not one to a magazine; sales tax on a new car but not on car maintenance or repair services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then there were the great sales tax fights of days gone by, like the 1991 law that deemed bottled water and candy as non-foods, which then led to a quirky political campaign in 1992 for Proposition 163, which repealed the \"snack tax.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10518245\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 569px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10518245 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/salestx.jpg\" alt=\"salestx\" width=\"569\" height=\"811\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/salestx.jpg 569w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2015/05/salestx-400x570.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 569px) 100vw, 569px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California's sales tax rules are, to put it mildly, confusing. (Graphic: Legislative Analyst's Office) \u003ccite>(Graphic: Legislative Analyst's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But the broader issue is that California's sales tax remains largely focused on goods and not services, while the state's economy has decidedly shifted toward more growth and reliance on services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So ... does that mean changes are overdue? Or, more importantly, are they politically doable?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Broadening Sales Taxes: Big Money, Big Political Hurdles\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a lot of buzz about new efforts in Sacramento to overhaul the sales tax system, but they are really a continuation of a discussion that began in the depths of the Great Recession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his proposed 2009-2010 budget, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger \u003ca href=\"http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2009/jan/26/ca-state-budget-service-taxes-012609/\" target=\"_blank\">proposed imposing sales taxes on a portion of the state's service economy\u003c/a>. In two stages, Schwarzenegger wanted to include repair services (for appliances and cars); visits to the veterinarian; amusement parks; sporting events; and rounds of playing golf. The proposal promptly went nowhere, but it led to a much larger -- and contentious -- debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That debate was centered on the work of Schwarzenegger's Commission on the 21st Century Economy, dubbed the \"Parsky Commission\" after its chairman, financier and GOP activist \u003ca href=\"http://www.auroracap.com/people/equity-partners-gparsky.php\" target=\"_blank\">Gerald Parsky\u003c/a>. For most of 2009, the bipartisan commission contemplated and clashed over the idea of a vastly different sales tax -- one that would be completely redesigned with an eye on flattening and expanding to more sectors of the economy. The commission called it a \"business net receipts tax,\" and it was often described as looking something like the \u003ca href=\"http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/taxation/vat/how_vat_works/index_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\">European value added tax\u003c/a> (VAT).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, the idea was hammered by liberal groups and on opinion pages as too much of a new burden on low-income Californians. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cotce.ca.gov/documents/reports/documents/Commission_on_the_21st_Century_Economy-Final_Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">415-page Parsky Commission report\u003c/a> landed with a thud in the state Capitol, where's it's been gathering dust ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2015's version of the debate is the work-in-progress \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/15-16/bill/sen/sb_0001-0050/sb_8_bill_20150210_amended_sen_v98.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Senate Bill 8\u003c/a> by state Sen. Bob Hertzberg (D-Van Nuys), \u003ca href=\"http://sd18.senate.ca.gov/news/1122015-sen-bob-hertzberg-pushes-plan-modernize-california%E2%80%99s-tax-structure-promote-upward\" target=\"_blank\">an omnibus tax overhaul proposal\u003c/a> that's generated a lot of discussion -- so much that some think it could provide the basis of a 2016 ballot initiative if the Legislature takes a pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertzberg, a former Assembly speaker who spent a few years leading the bipartisan think tank California Forward, has become a passionate activist for getting away from the traditional sales tax structure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/WtLHl7E6J54?start=236'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/WtLHl7E6J54?start=236'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The economy's changed,\" said Hertzberg earlier this year in a Senate Democratic caucus video. \"If you're a lawyer, if you're an accountant, if you're an engineer, if you're a political consultant, those are services which should be taxed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB8 has yet to get an actual vote in the Senate, and its prospects are a bit unclear. Even so, it's generated some interesting discussion.That included \u003ca href=\"http://www.boe.ca.gov/news/2015/35-15-G.htm\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis in mid-April by the state Board of Equalization that suggested a broad sales tax could produce $122.6 billion in revenues\u003c/a> -- a whopper of an amount, and one that sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxandhoundsdaily.com/2015/04/boe-study-on-service-taxes-sets-off-debate/\" target=\"_blank\">critics of sales tax changes into a tizzy\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether any of this results in actual change remains to be seen. In fact, the most likely sales tax changes from the state Capitol in 2015 are special exclusions, like \u003ca href=\"http://asmdc.org/members/a80/news-room/press-releases/assemblywoman-lorena-gonzalez-proposes-elimination-of-california-s-diaper-tax\" target=\"_blank\">a high-profile effort to exempt diapers from items that are charged a sales tax\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the broader debate raises important questions about the relationship between California's economy and its tax structure -- a relationship that seems to be changing all the time, and redefining who bears which part of the load when it comes to California's tax burden.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "San Francisco Joins Oakland With Highest Minimum Wage in U.S.",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED's Tiffany Camhi reports:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/minumum-wage/\">minimum wage\u003c/a> is going up today to $12.25 an hour, tied with Oakland for the highest in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's increase is the city's second raise this year. It's all a part of the overwhelmingly approved \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/04/california-election-watch-2014-bay-area-measures-and-propositions-were-following\">Proposition J,\u003c/a> which will bring San Francisco's minimum wage to $15 by 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Employment Law Project is estimating that 142,000 workers in the city will see a boost in their paychecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emeryville may be the next Bay Area city to raise its minimum wage to $12.25. Its City Council is set to vote on the measure next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bay City News\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase comes after Oakland increased its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/03/02/oakland-minimum-wage-measure-ff\">minimum wage\u003c/a> on March 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 15, fast-food workers and other low-wage workers drew national attention as they held protests across the country, including in the Bay Area, to demand higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fast food workers have been an incredible inspiration in the fight for $15,\" said Alysabeth Alexander, Service Employees International Union 1021's vice president of politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have sparked a mass movement on behalf of all the low-wage workers in our society. This economy is not working for everyday workers. We need to fight for $15, raise the minimum wage and treat workers with the dignity and respect they deserve,\" Alexander said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cities of Emeryville and Berkeley are also hoping to join the path to $15 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal in Emeryville will be considered on the first reading by the City Council and calls for a minimum wage of nearly $16 by 2019, with workers at major employers earning an immediate jump to $14.42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal also guarantees paid sick days for workers, protects tips and ensures wage increases alongside inflation, SEIU officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Berkeley's Labor Commission will bring the City Council a proposal to raise the city's minimum wage to $15.99 by 2017. Currently the minimum wage in Berkeley is $10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are winning the Bay Area's fight for $15. The Bay Area is moving to develop the first regional standard in the country for wages and working conditions,\" said Gary Jimenez, SEIU 1021's vice president for the East Bay. \"San Francisco and Oakland have set the standard, now it's time to expand to Berkeley, Richmond, Emeryville and beyond.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to SEIU 1021 officials, the union will continue working with community groups in other Bay Area cities considering raising their wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters in both San Francisco and Oakland overwhelmingly approved the raises last November. In San Francisco, proposition J won with 78 percent of the vote; in Oakland, Measure FF won with 82 percent. The two initiatives were each originally filed by a coalition of SEIU members, community-based organizations and fellow labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>KQED's Tiffany Camhi reports:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco's \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/minumum-wage/\">minimum wage\u003c/a> is going up today to $12.25 an hour, tied with Oakland for the highest in the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's increase is the city's second raise this year. It's all a part of the overwhelmingly approved \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/04/california-election-watch-2014-bay-area-measures-and-propositions-were-following\">Proposition J,\u003c/a> which will bring San Francisco's minimum wage to $15 by 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Employment Law Project is estimating that 142,000 workers in the city will see a boost in their paychecks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emeryville may be the next Bay Area city to raise its minimum wage to $12.25. Its City Council is set to vote on the measure next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bay City News\u003c/strong>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase comes after Oakland increased its \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/03/02/oakland-minimum-wage-measure-ff\">minimum wage\u003c/a> on March 2.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 15, fast-food workers and other low-wage workers drew national attention as they held protests across the country, including in the Bay Area, to demand higher wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fast food workers have been an incredible inspiration in the fight for $15,\" said Alysabeth Alexander, Service Employees International Union 1021's vice president of politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have sparked a mass movement on behalf of all the low-wage workers in our society. This economy is not working for everyday workers. We need to fight for $15, raise the minimum wage and treat workers with the dignity and respect they deserve,\" Alexander said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cities of Emeryville and Berkeley are also hoping to join the path to $15 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal in Emeryville will be considered on the first reading by the City Council and calls for a minimum wage of nearly $16 by 2019, with workers at major employers earning an immediate jump to $14.42.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal also guarantees paid sick days for workers, protects tips and ensures wage increases alongside inflation, SEIU officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Berkeley's Labor Commission will bring the City Council a proposal to raise the city's minimum wage to $15.99 by 2017. Currently the minimum wage in Berkeley is $10.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are winning the Bay Area's fight for $15. The Bay Area is moving to develop the first regional standard in the country for wages and working conditions,\" said Gary Jimenez, SEIU 1021's vice president for the East Bay. \"San Francisco and Oakland have set the standard, now it's time to expand to Berkeley, Richmond, Emeryville and beyond.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to SEIU 1021 officials, the union will continue working with community groups in other Bay Area cities considering raising their wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters in both San Francisco and Oakland overwhelmingly approved the raises last November. In San Francisco, proposition J won with 78 percent of the vote; in Oakland, Measure FF won with 82 percent. The two initiatives were each originally filed by a coalition of SEIU members, community-based organizations and fellow labor unions.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Take the swirling politics over wages and income inequality, add in a healthy dose of expectations about the size and ideology of California's 2016 electorate, and you've got the perfect recipe -- in the minds of some -- for voters to boost the state's minimum wage via a ballot initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the state's largest and most active health care unions -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu-uhw.org/\" target=\"_blank\">SEIU United Healthcare Workers West\u003c/a> -- submitted \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0026%20%28Minimum%20Wage%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">an initiative on Monday\u003c/a> to boost California's statewide minimum wage to $15 an hour by the year 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase would happen incrementally, with the wage rising $1 a year for the next five years. California's \u003ca href=\"http://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/faq_minimumwage.htm\" target=\"_blank\">current minimum wage, $9 an hour\u003c/a>, is already slated to rise to $10 an hour next January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative also seeks to create something long fought by business groups during legislative debates at the state Capitol: An automatic increase in the minimum wage during times of rising inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Trossman of SEIU-UHW said the initiative is just the latest effort inspired by \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu-uhw.org/archives/21006\" target=\"_blank\">the national charge for a $15-an-hour wage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This week, we are taking direct action to make that a reality,\" he said. \"This initiative will improve the lives of millions of Californians who work, many of them full time, but still can't get by and take care of their families.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bypassing the legislative process in favor of a statewide ballot initiative may be the better bet for supporters. The electorate that turns out in 2016, a presidential election year, is widely expected to be larger than in recent years and more liberal. It's also the easiest election cycle in which to \u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/ballot-measures/how-qualify-initiative/\" target=\"_blank\">qualify an initiative\u003c/a> -- 365,880 valid voter signatures -- than at any time in the past four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(And just for the fun of a political parlor game, this is the first election season under \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/09/27/big-changes-to-california-initiative-process-signed-by-jerry-brown/\" target=\"_blank\">2014's changes to the initiative process\u003c/a>, which require legislative hearings and allow pending initiatives to be tweaked. That could also raise the odds for a 2016 plan -- maybe even in Sacramento -- to boost the pay rate of low-wage workers.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups may fight back against the initiative should it qualify for the November 2016 ballot, restating their argument that across-the-board wage boosts have a negative impact on job growth. If they do, that could easily provoke a big-spending labor-versus-business slugfest ... bigger than those from years gone by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, just the kind of political holy war that observers have been warning about in California. Whether it happens depends on, frankly, what happens next when it comes to the policy and political discussions over what's the appropriate level for the minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Take the swirling politics over wages and income inequality, add in a healthy dose of expectations about the size and ideology of California's 2016 electorate, and you've got the perfect recipe -- in the minds of some -- for voters to boost the state's minimum wage via a ballot initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the state's largest and most active health care unions -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu-uhw.org/\" target=\"_blank\">SEIU United Healthcare Workers West\u003c/a> -- submitted \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/15-0026%20%28Minimum%20Wage%29.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\">an initiative on Monday\u003c/a> to boost California's statewide minimum wage to $15 an hour by the year 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase would happen incrementally, with the wage rising $1 a year for the next five years. California's \u003ca href=\"http://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/faq_minimumwage.htm\" target=\"_blank\">current minimum wage, $9 an hour\u003c/a>, is already slated to rise to $10 an hour next January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative also seeks to create something long fought by business groups during legislative debates at the state Capitol: An automatic increase in the minimum wage during times of rising inflation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Trossman of SEIU-UHW said the initiative is just the latest effort inspired by \u003ca href=\"http://www.seiu-uhw.org/archives/21006\" target=\"_blank\">the national charge for a $15-an-hour wage\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This week, we are taking direct action to make that a reality,\" he said. \"This initiative will improve the lives of millions of Californians who work, many of them full time, but still can't get by and take care of their families.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bypassing the legislative process in favor of a statewide ballot initiative may be the better bet for supporters. The electorate that turns out in 2016, a presidential election year, is widely expected to be larger than in recent years and more liberal. It's also the easiest election cycle in which to \u003ca href=\"http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/ballot-measures/how-qualify-initiative/\" target=\"_blank\">qualify an initiative\u003c/a> -- 365,880 valid voter signatures -- than at any time in the past four decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(And just for the fun of a political parlor game, this is the first election season under \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/09/27/big-changes-to-california-initiative-process-signed-by-jerry-brown/\" target=\"_blank\">2014's changes to the initiative process\u003c/a>, which require legislative hearings and allow pending initiatives to be tweaked. That could also raise the odds for a 2016 plan -- maybe even in Sacramento -- to boost the pay rate of low-wage workers.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups may fight back against the initiative should it qualify for the November 2016 ballot, restating their argument that across-the-board wage boosts have a negative impact on job growth. If they do, that could easily provoke a big-spending labor-versus-business slugfest ... bigger than those from years gone by.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, just the kind of political holy war that observers have been warning about in California. Whether it happens depends on, frankly, what happens next when it comes to the policy and political discussions over what's the appropriate level for the minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "hard-row-to-hoe-japanese-farming-in-the-santa-clara-valley",
"title": "Hard Row to Hoe: Japanese Farming in the Santa Clara Valley",
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"headTitle": "Hard Row to Hoe: Japanese Farming in the Santa Clara Valley | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>This year marks the 125th anniversary of Japantown in San Jose. To celebrate, the neighborhood will host a festival called \u003ca href=\"http://www.nikkeimatsuri.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nikkei Matsuri\u003c/a> this coming Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is one of only three historic Japantowns still thriving in the United States, and the only one rooted in the history of California agriculture. In a time before semiconductor chips and suburban housing, the region in and around San Jose was largely farmland, much of it farmed by Japanese-American families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s Japantown was the heart of the community, and that’s where you’ll find the \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamsj.org/japanese-american-history-museum-san-jose/resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a>. Jimi Yamaichi, 92, is one of the curators of the museum’s exhibition on Japanese farming. But more than that, he himself used to work the fields northeast of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459646\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459646 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. \"It was hard living.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. ‘It was hard living.’ \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi vividly remembers what it was like to grow up on his dad’s row crop farm in Berryessa during the Great Depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beans, cucumbers and squash and other bell peppers, and tomatoes, and other things. But the beans and cucumber, that’s what he was known for,” Yamaichi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to supplying local markets, the Yamaichis sent 200 boxes to Los Angeles on Tuesdays, and another 200 on Saturdays. They shipped produce as far as Denver and Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimi was the fourth child out of 10. It was a working childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d get up early in the morning, at 6 o’clock, and we’d cut lettuce for about two hours,” he recalls. “Around 8:30, my dad says, ‘Well, go and clean up.’ ” You can listen to him tell his story \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/rmyrow/japaneseag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His dad drove them to elementary school in time for the 9 o’clock bell, then picked them up when school was out at 3 to return to the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not the only ones doing it,” Yamaichi says. “Everybody else was doing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, not everyone. The non-Japanese farmers, he admits, didn’t work quite so hard, and they didn’t necessarily take kindly to the Japanese-Americans who did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459648 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A produce crate from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A produce crate from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, there are just a handful of Japanese-owned farms and nurseries in the region. But at one time, before World War II, the area around San Jose was dotted with hundreds of Japanese farms growing vegetables for local and regional markets. The story of why they were here, and how they were here, is one of sorrow and suffering, but also success against the odds and the weight of fierce prejudice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometime around 1890, Japanese laborers escaping the grim plantation work of Hawaii began to settle around San Jose. Especially after the \u003ca href=\"ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-admin/post.php?post=10459596&action=edit&message=10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882\u003c/a>, white farmers were eager for alternative sources of cheap labor to pick crops. Some Japanese immigrants saved enough money to buy their own farmland, but California changed the law, several times, to make it close to impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Columbia University Professor \u003ca href=\"https://sipa.columbia.edu/faculty/gary-okihiro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Gary Okihiro\u003c/a> co-wrote a history of Japanese farming in the Santa Clara Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The land laws were called \u003ca href=\"http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Alien_land_laws/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alien land laws\u003c/a>,” he says, “because they were directed at aliens ineligible for citizenship, which meant only Asian people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Japanese had no choice but to work as sharecroppers. Others set up land trusts, or began to have American-born children in the hopes that the first to reach maturity would be able to own the farm for the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the farmers were farming on land that did not belong to them, in fact, but to some other person, a white landowner,” Okihiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1929, Jimi Yamaichi’s father, Kaneichi Yamaichi, found a way around California law: a white man willing to own 21 acres for him — in exchange for a “royalty,” which today would amount to more than $27,000 a year, staked on nothing more than a handshake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of World War II, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonoma.edu/asc/projects/sanjose/Part_of_San_Jose_History.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">roughly 4,000\u003c/a> Japanese lived in the Santa Clara Valley. They were just beginning to bounce back from the Great Depression when the federal government forced them into internment camps away from the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yVyIa11ZtAE]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This short film from the United States Office Of War Information — produced as part of the government effort to justify uprooting 120,000 people of Japanese descent — puts a somewhat sunny spin on \u003ca href=\"http://www.archives.gov/historical-docs/todays-doc/?dod-date=219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Executive Order 9066\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Japanese sent to camps in 1942 had to liquidate everything they couldn’t carry with them, and at fire-sale prices: farms, homes, cars, businesses. Japanese-Americans left $22 million of crops in the ground across California. The government saw to it that those crops were harvested, but not that the farmers were compensated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the war was over, many of them returned home destitute and demoralized. They converted buildings in San Jose’s Japantown into makeshift barracks while they figured out what to do next. KTEH broadcast a compelling documentary about that period in history, called “Return to the Valley.” Jimi Yamaichi is one of the people featured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muvqPCy1j_0]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi’s family spent the war years in the internment camps at \u003ca href=\"http://www.heartmountain.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Heart Mountain\u003c/a> in Wyoming and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/tule/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tule Lake\u003c/a> in California. Jimi’s dad was better off than most. A sympathetic insurance agent he’d worked with offered to guard his farm. But that doesn’t mean it was easy to start all over again when the war was over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ ’Course, he was quite a heavy drinker,” Yamaichi says. “They were all drinkers, you know. Got to the point where it pickled him to death, I think!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many in the Japan-born generation known as \u003cem>issei\u003c/em>, Kaneichi Yamaichi kept a lot of feelings about his life bottled up inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sake was his drink of choice, and when the war broke out, couldn’t get no more,” Jimi Yamaichi says. “He turned to whiskey. One fifth a day. That’s a lot of whiskey to drink, hunh?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the war, American farming was growing increasingly mechanized, moving from horses to tractors, requiring bigger farms to turn a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the American-born \u003cem>nisei,\u003c/em> like Jimi Yamaichi, wanted out of farming. But younger children followed their parents onto new fields, raising labor-intensive crops they could produce on small plots of land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459653 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Today, there's almost no evidence how prevalent Japanese farms once were in and around San Jose. A map from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese American farms in the area around 1958.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese-American farms in the area around 1958.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon Kimura was one of those children, back in the 1950s. “I picked 10 crates of strawberries to get money to buy my first Timex watch,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And where did Kimura go to get the watch?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came to here to Japantown to Jackson Jewelers [now defunct],” Kimura says. “There always was a feeling that this was home for the JA community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, as the rise of Silicon Valley made land more expensive, the strawberry industry moved south to Watsonville and Salinas. The flower business \u003ca href=\"http://www.gpnmag.com/california-cut-flower-industry-still-decline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moved overseas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With each passing generation, it became easier for Japanese-Americans to find work outside of agriculture — and to buy homes in neighborhoods previously closed to them. More and more of the community in the Santa Clara Valley dispersed across the Bay Area, California and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japantown San Jose is still a cultural center, with churches, restaurants, shops and, of course, the museum. But it doesn’t have quite the vibrancy that Kimura remembers from his childhood. “Maybe it’s a function of, if you will, at becoming too successful integrating into mainstream America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the love cuts both ways now. Japantown San Jose has become a fond focal point for the whole city, one locals proudly point to as part of their collective heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10460214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10460214 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"On April 26th, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-400x290.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1440x1046.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-768x558.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-320x232.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg 1902w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On April 26, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary \u003ccite>(Takahiro Kitamura)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Before World War II, hundreds of Japanese family farms dotted the landscape of the Santa Clara Valley. ",
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"title": "Hard Row to Hoe: Japanese Farming in the Santa Clara Valley | KQED",
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"headline": "Hard Row to Hoe: Japanese Farming in the Santa Clara Valley",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This year marks the 125th anniversary of Japantown in San Jose. To celebrate, the neighborhood will host a festival called \u003ca href=\"http://www.nikkeimatsuri.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nikkei Matsuri\u003c/a> this coming Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose is one of only three historic Japantowns still thriving in the United States, and the only one rooted in the history of California agriculture. In a time before semiconductor chips and suburban housing, the region in and around San Jose was largely farmland, much of it farmed by Japanese-American families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city’s Japantown was the heart of the community, and that’s where you’ll find the \u003ca href=\"http://www.jamsj.org/japanese-american-history-museum-san-jose/resources\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Japanese American Museum of San Jose\u003c/a>. Jimi Yamaichi, 92, is one of the curators of the museum’s exhibition on Japanese farming. But more than that, he himself used to work the fields northeast of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459646\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459646 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. \"It was hard living.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14529_JimiToday.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At 92, Jimi Yamaichi remembers row crop farming in Berryessa before World War II. ‘It was hard living.’ \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi vividly remembers what it was like to grow up on his dad’s row crop farm in Berryessa during the Great Depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beans, cucumbers and squash and other bell peppers, and tomatoes, and other things. But the beans and cucumber, that’s what he was known for,” Yamaichi says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to supplying local markets, the Yamaichis sent 200 boxes to Los Angeles on Tuesdays, and another 200 on Saturdays. They shipped produce as far as Denver and Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jimi was the fourth child out of 10. It was a working childhood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’d get up early in the morning, at 6 o’clock, and we’d cut lettuce for about two hours,” he recalls. “Around 8:30, my dad says, ‘Well, go and clean up.’ ” You can listen to him tell his story \u003ca href=\"https://soundcloud.com/rmyrow/japaneseag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His dad drove them to elementary school in time for the 9 o’clock bell, then picked them up when school was out at 3 to return to the fields.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not the only ones doing it,” Yamaichi says. “Everybody else was doing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, not everyone. The non-Japanese farmers, he admits, didn’t work quite so hard, and they didn’t necessarily take kindly to the Japanese-Americans who did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459648 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A produce crate from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14528_ProduceCrate-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A produce crate from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, there are just a handful of Japanese-owned farms and nurseries in the region. But at one time, before World War II, the area around San Jose was dotted with hundreds of Japanese farms growing vegetables for local and regional markets. The story of why they were here, and how they were here, is one of sorrow and suffering, but also success against the odds and the weight of fierce prejudice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometime around 1890, Japanese laborers escaping the grim plantation work of Hawaii began to settle around San Jose. Especially after the \u003ca href=\"ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-admin/post.php?post=10459596&action=edit&message=10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882\u003c/a>, white farmers were eager for alternative sources of cheap labor to pick crops. Some Japanese immigrants saved enough money to buy their own farmland, but California changed the law, several times, to make it close to impossible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Columbia University Professor \u003ca href=\"https://sipa.columbia.edu/faculty/gary-okihiro\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Gary Okihiro\u003c/a> co-wrote a history of Japanese farming in the Santa Clara Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The land laws were called \u003ca href=\"http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Alien_land_laws/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">alien land laws\u003c/a>,” he says, “because they were directed at aliens ineligible for citizenship, which meant only Asian people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many Japanese had no choice but to work as sharecroppers. Others set up land trusts, or began to have American-born children in the hopes that the first to reach maturity would be able to own the farm for the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of the farmers were farming on land that did not belong to them, in fact, but to some other person, a white landowner,” Okihiro says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1929, Jimi Yamaichi’s father, Kaneichi Yamaichi, found a way around California law: a white man willing to own 21 acres for him — in exchange for a “royalty,” which today would amount to more than $27,000 a year, staked on nothing more than a handshake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of World War II, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonoma.edu/asc/projects/sanjose/Part_of_San_Jose_History.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">roughly 4,000\u003c/a> Japanese lived in the Santa Clara Valley. They were just beginning to bounce back from the Great Depression when the federal government forced them into internment camps away from the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/yVyIa11ZtAE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/yVyIa11ZtAE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This short film from the United States Office Of War Information — produced as part of the government effort to justify uprooting 120,000 people of Japanese descent — puts a somewhat sunny spin on \u003ca href=\"http://www.archives.gov/historical-docs/todays-doc/?dod-date=219\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Executive Order 9066\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Japanese sent to camps in 1942 had to liquidate everything they couldn’t carry with them, and at fire-sale prices: farms, homes, cars, businesses. Japanese-Americans left $22 million of crops in the ground across California. The government saw to it that those crops were harvested, but not that the farmers were compensated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the war was over, many of them returned home destitute and demoralized. They converted buildings in San Jose’s Japantown into makeshift barracks while they figured out what to do next. KTEH broadcast a compelling documentary about that period in history, called “Return to the Valley.” Jimi Yamaichi is one of the people featured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/muvqPCy1j_0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/muvqPCy1j_0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yamaichi’s family spent the war years in the internment camps at \u003ca href=\"http://www.heartmountain.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Heart Mountain\u003c/a> in Wyoming and \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/tule/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tule Lake\u003c/a> in California. Jimi’s dad was better off than most. A sympathetic insurance agent he’d worked with offered to guard his farm. But that doesn’t mean it was easy to start all over again when the war was over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ ’Course, he was quite a heavy drinker,” Yamaichi says. “They were all drinkers, you know. Got to the point where it pickled him to death, I think!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many in the Japan-born generation known as \u003cem>issei\u003c/em>, Kaneichi Yamaichi kept a lot of feelings about his life bottled up inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sake was his drink of choice, and when the war broke out, couldn’t get no more,” Jimi Yamaichi says. “He turned to whiskey. One fifth a day. That’s a lot of whiskey to drink, hunh?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the war, American farming was growing increasingly mechanized, moving from horses to tractors, requiring bigger farms to turn a profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the American-born \u003cem>nisei,\u003c/em> like Jimi Yamaichi, wanted out of farming. But younger children followed their parents onto new fields, raising labor-intensive crops they could produce on small plots of land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10459653\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10459653 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Today, there's almost no evidence how prevalent Japanese farms once were in and around San Jose. A map from the exhibit 'Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,' at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese American farms in the area around 1958.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14527_JapaneseFarmMap.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A map from the exhibition ‘Yesterday’s Farmer: Planting an American Dream,’ at the Japanese American Museum of San Jose highlights Japanese-American farms in the area around 1958.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leon Kimura was one of those children, back in the 1950s. “I picked 10 crates of strawberries to get money to buy my first Timex watch,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And where did Kimura go to get the watch?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I came to here to Japantown to Jackson Jewelers [now defunct],” Kimura says. “There always was a feeling that this was home for the JA community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, as the rise of Silicon Valley made land more expensive, the strawberry industry moved south to Watsonville and Salinas. The flower business \u003ca href=\"http://www.gpnmag.com/california-cut-flower-industry-still-decline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moved overseas\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With each passing generation, it became easier for Japanese-Americans to find work outside of agriculture — and to buy homes in neighborhoods previously closed to them. More and more of the community in the Santa Clara Valley dispersed across the Bay Area, California and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japantown San Jose is still a cultural center, with churches, restaurants, shops and, of course, the museum. But it doesn’t have quite the vibrancy that Kimura remembers from his childhood. “Maybe it’s a function of, if you will, at becoming too successful integrating into mainstream America.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, the love cuts both ways now. Japantown San Jose has become a fond focal point for the whole city, one locals proudly point to as part of their collective heritage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10460214\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10460214 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg\" alt=\"On April 26th, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary\" width=\"800\" height=\"581\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-800x581.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-400x290.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1440x1046.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-1180x857.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-768x558.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut-320x232.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/03/RS14530_125th-koi-front001-qut.jpg 1902w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">On April 26, Japantown San Jose hosts a festival called Nikkei Matsuri, to celebrate its 125th anniversary \u003ccite>(Takahiro Kitamura)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Bitcoin has been around for six years now, but most of us are still unclear on just \u003cem>what\u003c/em> it is, let alone why it matters. The digital currency has been flying under the radar, appealing to a group of die-hard fans, like libertarians who want freedom from government control, and illegal drug traders — who also want freedom from government control. But that Wild West world is giving way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201248386″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you work in Silicon Valley, as Ryan Singer does, you can appreciate what it feels like to be excited about something much of the rest of the world has never heard of. Singer’s startup, \u003ca href=\"http://domustower.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Domus Tower\u003c/a>, is developing Bitcoin technology that will speed up stock trades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He understands that Bitcoin sounds new and strange and possibly scary, and ticks off some frequently heard concerns: “Are your identities safe on it? Are children safe on it? Is it a method for spreading pornography? That was basically all anyone said about the Internet until suddenly it became normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10492904\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10492904 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Ryan Singer is a Bitcoin believer. Not only does he run a Bitcoin startup called Domus Tower, but he also pays his rent in Bitcoin at 20Mission, a live/work space designed to draw in tech entrepreneurs like himself.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ryan Singer is a Bitcoin believer. Not only does he run a Bitcoin startup called Domus Tower, but he also pays his rent in Bitcoin at 20Mission, a live/work space designed to draw in tech entrepreneurs like himself. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bitcoin is hardly “normal” – yet. Lots of people have reasons to distrust it, thanks to a string of high-profile scandals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/2015/02/silk-road-ross-ulbricht-verdict/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silk Road Mastermind Ross Ulbricht Convicted of All 7 Charges\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"content__headline js-score\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/mar/18/mtgox-bitcoin-exchange-reopens-so-users-can-stare-listlessly-at-their-loss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MtGox bitcoin exchange reopens so users can stare listlessly at their loss\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"content__headline js-score\">\u003ca href=\"http://gu.com/p/46mjb/stw%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bitcoin ‘exit scam’: deep-web market operators disappear with $12 million\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As a result, Bitcoin’s value has careened wildly from north of $1,200 at the top (in 2013) to less than $230 now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scams and scandals aside, people are curious. Bitcoin was the No. 4 Google search question last year in San Francisco and Oakland. As in, “What is Bitcoin?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So: What \u003cem>is\u003c/em> Bitcoin?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s money, tradable like dollars or gold, but there’s no central bank, no controlling institution. A distributed network of computers keeps track of who owns what and where. And these days, you can buy a lot more than illegal drugs with Bitcoin, like a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/2013/12/tesla-bitcoin/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tesla Model S\u003c/a> or a new couch at \u003ca href=\"http://www.overstock.com/bitcoin?keywords=bitcoin&searchtype=Header\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Overstock.com\u003c/a>. The more Bitcoin catches on, the more it attracts the attention of people who want to see just how far it can go. Namely, venture capitalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10492901\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10492901 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Venture Capitalist Tim Draper is a big Bitcoin booster.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Venture Capitalist Tim Draper is a big Bitcoin booster. ‘Bitcoin really transforms banking,’ he says, ‘and bankers are nervous.’ \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://dfj.com/content/timothy-draper\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tim Draper\u003c/a> has invested in 35 Bitcoin startups to date, and he’s just one VC. A couple others include the famous \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2015/01/27/investing/bitcoin-winklevoss-twins-gold/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Winklevoss twins\u003c/a>, Tyler and Cameron. Draper says it’s not just Bitcoin the currency that has lots of possibilities. It’s also the way that a distributed network without middle men makes all kinds of financial transactions cheaper and faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bankers are nervous,” Draper says. “Every time you buy something at the store with a credit card, the bank’s taking 2½ to 4 percent. The bank takes somewhere between 8 and 16 percent when you’re sending money to another country. Those businesses are going to be flattened by Bitcoin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or banks and the like will get in on the game, too. Already, regulators at the state and federal level are crafting laws. \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbanker.com/news/bank-technology/california-considers-bill-setting-virtual-currency-guidelines-1073083-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">One bill\u003c/a> in the California Assembly would establish the first guidelines for people and companies keen to use virtual currency here. New York’s moving \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfs.ny.gov/about/press2014/pr1407171-vc.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">even faster\u003c/a>, because Wall Street is \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/moneybeat/2015/03/29/interest-in-bitcoin-grows-on-wall-street/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">already getting in\u003c/a> on the Bitcoin boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jerry Brito runs \u003ca href=\"https://coincenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coin Center\u003c/a>, a Bitcoin research outfit in Washington, D.C., which reported last month that 6.2 percent of U.S. survey respondents say they’ve used Bitcoin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For example, there are now Bitcoin derivatives and Bitcoin \u003ca href=\"http://www.coindesk.com/former-goldman-director-launches-bitcoin-derivatives-exchange/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">derivative exchanges\u003c/a> (approved by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission) where you can trade Bitcoin options of different kinds. And if you wanted to invest in Bitcoin, you would not have to hold the Bitcoin itself. You could simply invest in a fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be greater regulatory certainty,” Brito adds. “Right now, we’re getting there. At the federal level, the Treasury Department has issued guidance that explains how Bitcoin businesses must comply with the Bank Secrecy Act, with anti-money-laundering and Know Your Customer regulations, and there are companies today that are venture-backed, that are run by serious people, and are complying with those regulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Below: Venture capitalist Tim Draper talks about Bitcoin.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201191512&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Bitcoin has been around for six years now, but most of us are still unclear on just \u003cem>what\u003c/em> it is, let alone why it matters. The digital currency has been flying under the radar, appealing to a group of die-hard fans, like libertarians who want freedom from government control, and illegal drug traders — who also want freedom from government control. But that Wild West world is giving way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201248386″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201248386″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you work in Silicon Valley, as Ryan Singer does, you can appreciate what it feels like to be excited about something much of the rest of the world has never heard of. Singer’s startup, \u003ca href=\"http://domustower.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Domus Tower\u003c/a>, is developing Bitcoin technology that will speed up stock trades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He understands that Bitcoin sounds new and strange and possibly scary, and ticks off some frequently heard concerns: “Are your identities safe on it? Are children safe on it? Is it a method for spreading pornography? That was basically all anyone said about the Internet until suddenly it became normal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10492904\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10492904 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Ryan Singer is a Bitcoin believer. Not only does he run a Bitcoin startup called Domus Tower, but he also pays his rent in Bitcoin at 20Mission, a live/work space designed to draw in tech entrepreneurs like himself.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14865_RyanSinger.JPG-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ryan Singer is a Bitcoin believer. Not only does he run a Bitcoin startup called Domus Tower, but he also pays his rent in Bitcoin at 20Mission, a live/work space designed to draw in tech entrepreneurs like himself. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bitcoin is hardly “normal” – yet. Lots of people have reasons to distrust it, thanks to a string of high-profile scandals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/2015/02/silk-road-ross-ulbricht-verdict/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Silk Road Mastermind Ross Ulbricht Convicted of All 7 Charges\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"content__headline js-score\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/mar/18/mtgox-bitcoin-exchange-reopens-so-users-can-stare-listlessly-at-their-loss\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MtGox bitcoin exchange reopens so users can stare listlessly at their loss\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli class=\"content__headline js-score\">\u003ca href=\"http://gu.com/p/46mjb/stw%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bitcoin ‘exit scam’: deep-web market operators disappear with $12 million\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>As a result, Bitcoin’s value has careened wildly from north of $1,200 at the top (in 2013) to less than $230 now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scams and scandals aside, people are curious. Bitcoin was the No. 4 Google search question last year in San Francisco and Oakland. As in, “What is Bitcoin?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So: What \u003cem>is\u003c/em> Bitcoin?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s money, tradable like dollars or gold, but there’s no central bank, no controlling institution. A distributed network of computers keeps track of who owns what and where. And these days, you can buy a lot more than illegal drugs with Bitcoin, like a \u003ca href=\"http://www.wired.com/2013/12/tesla-bitcoin/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tesla Model S\u003c/a> or a new couch at \u003ca href=\"http://www.overstock.com/bitcoin?keywords=bitcoin&searchtype=Header\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Overstock.com\u003c/a>. The more Bitcoin catches on, the more it attracts the attention of people who want to see just how far it can go. Namely, venture capitalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10492901\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10492901 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Venture Capitalist Tim Draper is a big Bitcoin booster.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut-320x240.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/04/RS14866_TimDraper-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Venture Capitalist Tim Draper is a big Bitcoin booster. ‘Bitcoin really transforms banking,’ he says, ‘and bankers are nervous.’ \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://dfj.com/content/timothy-draper\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tim Draper\u003c/a> has invested in 35 Bitcoin startups to date, and he’s just one VC. A couple others include the famous \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2015/01/27/investing/bitcoin-winklevoss-twins-gold/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Winklevoss twins\u003c/a>, Tyler and Cameron. Draper says it’s not just Bitcoin the currency that has lots of possibilities. It’s also the way that a distributed network without middle men makes all kinds of financial transactions cheaper and faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Bankers are nervous,” Draper says. “Every time you buy something at the store with a credit card, the bank’s taking 2½ to 4 percent. The bank takes somewhere between 8 and 16 percent when you’re sending money to another country. Those businesses are going to be flattened by Bitcoin.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or banks and the like will get in on the game, too. Already, regulators at the state and federal level are crafting laws. \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbanker.com/news/bank-technology/california-considers-bill-setting-virtual-currency-guidelines-1073083-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">One bill\u003c/a> in the California Assembly would establish the first guidelines for people and companies keen to use virtual currency here. New York’s moving \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfs.ny.gov/about/press2014/pr1407171-vc.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">even faster\u003c/a>, because Wall Street is \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.wsj.com/moneybeat/2015/03/29/interest-in-bitcoin-grows-on-wall-street/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">already getting in\u003c/a> on the Bitcoin boom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jerry Brito runs \u003ca href=\"https://coincenter.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coin Center\u003c/a>, a Bitcoin research outfit in Washington, D.C., which reported last month that 6.2 percent of U.S. survey respondents say they’ve used Bitcoin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For example, there are now Bitcoin derivatives and Bitcoin \u003ca href=\"http://www.coindesk.com/former-goldman-director-launches-bitcoin-derivatives-exchange/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">derivative exchanges\u003c/a> (approved by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission) where you can trade Bitcoin options of different kinds. And if you wanted to invest in Bitcoin, you would not have to hold the Bitcoin itself. You could simply invest in a fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be greater regulatory certainty,” Brito adds. “Right now, we’re getting there. At the federal level, the Treasury Department has issued guidance that explains how Bitcoin businesses must comply with the Bank Secrecy Act, with anti-money-laundering and Know Your Customer regulations, and there are companies today that are venture-backed, that are run by serious people, and are complying with those regulations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Below: Venture capitalist Tim Draper talks about Bitcoin.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"no\" src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/201191512&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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