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"content": "\u003cp>As Los Angeles officials continue to mull over plans that have been under study for years to legalize street vending in the city, a new state bill aims to move matters forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Bell Gardens) introduced a measure seeking to decriminalize street vending last week, something the Los Angeles City Council took up early last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lara's proposal would make street vending statewide subject only to an administrative penalty, \"Which wouldn’t be a misdemeanor, and which would allow for these street vendors to be able to address that penalty without having the fear of being incarcerated, and God forbid deported,\" Lara told KPCC by phone on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/02/StreetVendingBillBeresteinRojas.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/73511-full-800x600.jpg\" Title=\"While L.A. Officials Weigh Legal Street Vending, State Bill Would Move it Ahead\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Los Angeles officials voted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/02/01/68663/la-city-council-voted-to-decriminalize-street-vend/\">decriminalize street vending\u003c/a>, they also sought to keep street vendors -- many of them immigrants -- out of the criminal justice system and away from possible deportation. The vendors can still be cited for various infractions, however, and must pay penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lara's bill further pushes local governments to come up with a system for licensing and regulating street vendors -- something Los Angeles has struggled to do. If officials don't come up with a system, they wouldn't be able to penalize the vendors or confiscate their goods, Lara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The local permitting programs would operate under certain restrictions, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB946\">according to the bill\u003c/a>. For example, they could not \"unreasonably restrict sidewalk vendors to operate only in a designated neighborhood or area.\" The bill would also bar local authorities from prohibiting licensed street vendors from selling food or merchandise in parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some local cities have already adopted policies that allow street vendors to be permitted -- Pasadena \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2015/06/16/52369/as-la-contemplates-legal-street-vending-a-look-at/\">is one\u003c/a> -- street vendor advocates have long pushed Los Angeles to devise a licensing system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal to legalize street vending has been making its way through City Hall for more than four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While street vending remains illegal in L.A., misdemeanor charges have tapered off since the city voted to decriminalize the practice in early 2017. According to data provided by the city attorney's office, 10 street vendors were referred for misdemeanor prosecution in 2016, but none last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the office has processed about 680 administrative citations for street vending since January 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rudy Espinoza with the Leadership for Urban Renewal Network, which advocates for legal street vending, said some L.A. vendors are still vulnerable to misdemeanors because they can be cited under different codes. For example, he said, those who sell in parks may be subject to misdemeanor charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The decriminalization process in the city of Los Angeles has begun, but it has not been completed yet,\" Espinoza said. \"Today, if a vendor is caught vending in a park, they run the risk of getting a misdemeanor for selling ice cream, or whatever they are selling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, members of two Los Angeles City Council committees backed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2017/11/09/77538/la-street-vending-legalization-plan-moves-forward/\">street vending proposal\u003c/a> that would allow street vendors to obtain permits, with the proceeds from fees going toward enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in response to concerns voiced by some business interests, it would also allow business owners to have a say in whether vendors can set up in front of their properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city proposal also suggests banning street vending near certain high-traffic areas, such as Dodger Stadium, Staples Center and Hollywood Boulevard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merchants there and in other parts of the city have long complained that street vendors block sidewalks, impeding traffic and presenting unfair competition for smaller brick-and-mortar merchants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Council members are expected to hear the proposal later this month.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As Los Angeles officials continue to mull over plans that have been under study for years to legalize street vending in the city, a new state bill aims to move matters forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Sen. Ricardo Lara (D-Bell Gardens) introduced a measure seeking to decriminalize street vending last week, something the Los Angeles City Council took up early last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lara's proposal would make street vending statewide subject only to an administrative penalty, \"Which wouldn’t be a misdemeanor, and which would allow for these street vendors to be able to address that penalty without having the fear of being incarcerated, and God forbid deported,\" Lara told KPCC by phone on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Los Angeles officials voted to \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/02/01/68663/la-city-council-voted-to-decriminalize-street-vend/\">decriminalize street vending\u003c/a>, they also sought to keep street vendors -- many of them immigrants -- out of the criminal justice system and away from possible deportation. The vendors can still be cited for various infractions, however, and must pay penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lara's bill further pushes local governments to come up with a system for licensing and regulating street vendors -- something Los Angeles has struggled to do. If officials don't come up with a system, they wouldn't be able to penalize the vendors or confiscate their goods, Lara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The local permitting programs would operate under certain restrictions, \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB946\">according to the bill\u003c/a>. For example, they could not \"unreasonably restrict sidewalk vendors to operate only in a designated neighborhood or area.\" The bill would also bar local authorities from prohibiting licensed street vendors from selling food or merchandise in parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some local cities have already adopted policies that allow street vendors to be permitted -- Pasadena \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2015/06/16/52369/as-la-contemplates-legal-street-vending-a-look-at/\">is one\u003c/a> -- street vendor advocates have long pushed Los Angeles to devise a licensing system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal to legalize street vending has been making its way through City Hall for more than four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While street vending remains illegal in L.A., misdemeanor charges have tapered off since the city voted to decriminalize the practice in early 2017. According to data provided by the city attorney's office, 10 street vendors were referred for misdemeanor prosecution in 2016, but none last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the office has processed about 680 administrative citations for street vending since January 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rudy Espinoza with the Leadership for Urban Renewal Network, which advocates for legal street vending, said some L.A. vendors are still vulnerable to misdemeanors because they can be cited under different codes. For example, he said, those who sell in parks may be subject to misdemeanor charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The decriminalization process in the city of Los Angeles has begun, but it has not been completed yet,\" Espinoza said. \"Today, if a vendor is caught vending in a park, they run the risk of getting a misdemeanor for selling ice cream, or whatever they are selling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, members of two Los Angeles City Council committees backed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.scpr.org/news/2017/11/09/77538/la-street-vending-legalization-plan-moves-forward/\">street vending proposal\u003c/a> that would allow street vendors to obtain permits, with the proceeds from fees going toward enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in response to concerns voiced by some business interests, it would also allow business owners to have a say in whether vendors can set up in front of their properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city proposal also suggests banning street vending near certain high-traffic areas, such as Dodger Stadium, Staples Center and Hollywood Boulevard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Merchants there and in other parts of the city have long complained that street vendors block sidewalks, impeding traffic and presenting unfair competition for smaller brick-and-mortar merchants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Council members are expected to hear the proposal later this month.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Could Oil Firms Be Forced to Pay for Climate Change? California Cities Hope So",
"title": "Could Oil Firms Be Forced to Pay for Climate Change? California Cities Hope So",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area city of Richmond recently made an unlikely move that got the attention of its largest employer and taxpayer, Chevron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It followed other municipalities and counties across California that have filed lawsuits against oil companies, alleging that the energy giants knowingly contributed to climate change and should begin paying for it. Literally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employing the legal strategy that brought states major payouts from tobacco companies decades ago, the plaintiffs are demanding that oil interests begin writing checks to protect Californians against rising seas, crippling drought and harmful air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal viability of the lawsuits is unclear; the cases are in early stages. But if any succeed, the implications are profound: The state is already spending hundreds of millions of dollars to shore up coastlines, protect infrastructure and retrofit roads and bridges in response to rising seas. And if companies are persuaded to drill and refine less oil, California has a much better chance of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions on the schedule it has set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides Richmond, plaintiffs include the cities of Imperial Beach, Oakland, Santa Cruz and \u003ca href=\"https://www.hbsslaw.com/uploads/case_downloads/climate_change/2017-09-19complaintforpublicnuisance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco,\u003c/a> and the counties of Marin, San Mateo and Santa Cruz. The Los Angeles City Council is considering its own suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has not joined in, something environmental groups say is a failure of leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Accountability is critical,” said Kassie Siegel, director of the Climate Law Institute at the Center for Biological Diversity. “The state of California can and should file a case seeking money damages and also an injunction against ongoing activities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Justice has sued the Trump administration two dozen times over policies that include several related to the environment. Asked whether the state would join the cities and counties or consider filing its own suit against the oil companies, the Justice Department declined to comment about potential future action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city-county suits began six months ago when Imperial Beach, in southern San Diego County, sued a handful of oil companies. Richmond, surrounded on three sides by water and imperiled by rising seas, joined the fight Jan. 22. Its city council voted unanimously to \u003ca href=\"http://blogs2.law.columbia.edu/climate-change-litigation/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/case-documents/2018/20180122_docket-C18-00055_complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sue\u003c/a> 29 oil producers, even if it meant taking on Chevron, whose tax payments -- $45 million in 2016 -- account for 25 percent of the city’s general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are a pretty important corporate citizen,” Richmond Mayor Tom Butt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, “we are a waterfront city -- Richmond has 32 miles of shoreline on the bay. Part of our city is vulnerable to sea-level rise: our transportation systems, neighborhoods and commercial areas, and thousands of acres of waterfront park.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those vulnerable venues is Chevron’s refinery, which sits at the edge of San Francisco Bay. Completed in 1902, this refinery, the state’s largest, was immediately dubbed “the colossus.” The facility today employs more than 3,400 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648046\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11648046\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-160x142.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-240x213.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-375x333.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-520x461.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Our city is vulnerable to sea-level rise,” Richmond Mayor Tom Butt said. \u003ccite>(Julie Cart/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leah Casey, the spokeswoman for Chevron’s Richmond refinery, said in a statement that lawsuits like the local ones “will do nothing to address the serious issue of climate change. Reducing greenhouse-gas emissions is a global issue that requires global engagement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butt said the city sued “out of frustration, because I know that these fossil fuel companies are aware of the long-term costs and damage of the widespread consumption of fossil fuel.” He said Richmond was already planning for the sea’s rise but had not yet calculated mitigation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suits are filed in state court under California’s public nuisance law, which allows legal actions against activities that are “injurious to health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City filed a similar claim against five of the world’s largest oil companies in federal court, asking that the cost of mitigating damage done by the companies as a result of their contribution to climate change be charged to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenges also assert that the oil industry has known for decades that burning fossil fuels accelerates climate change. The Richmond complaint states, “The industry has known for decades that business-as-usual combustion of their products could be ‘severe’ or even ‘catastrophic.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Companies were so certain of the threat that some even took steps to protect their own assets from rising seas and more extreme storms,” the complaint goes on, “and they developed new technologies to profit from drilling in a soon-to-be-ice-free Arctic. Yet instead of taking steps to reduce the threat to others, the industry actually increased production while spending billions on public relations, lobbying, and campaign contributions to hide the truth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slow unraveling of the decades-long industry cover-up of the medical harm from cigarettes turned the tide in the tobacco cases, according to Ann Carlson, an environmental law professor at the Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the UCLA School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson, who is advising some of the plaintiffs’ lawyers, said that courts will take into account the oil-industry-funded campaign to discredit climate science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That matters in California,” she said. “If you can show evidence that a defendant engaged in a campaign to obfuscate, it’s more than just a nice detail. Evidence helps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With much at stake, oil companies are pushing back hard. ExxonMobil has responded with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4345487-Exxon-Texas-Petition-Jan-2018.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">demand\u003c/a> to depose lawyers representing the California cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says it is a victim of a conspiracy, and cities and counties are being disingenuous: When they issue municipal bonds, they portray risk from climate change as unpredictable, not the fault of oil firms, as the lawsuits claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies have also filed motions to move the cases to federal courts, where they believe there are precedents more favorable to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of legal claims intended to monetize the consequences of a warming planet is growing. Carlson said greater scientific certainty about attributing climate change impacts to specific industries and companies has created a legal opening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The courts were uncomfortable that they couldn’t trace the harm,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the epicenter of so-called climate-attribution science, said Peter Frumhoff, director of science and policy for the Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really a quite robust ability to characterize the extent to which climate change impacts have worsened,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Further, by collating data taken from oil companies’ annual accounting and national and international energy agencies’ reports, “one can then connect the dots and assign a cost. That tees up the question, ‘Who is responsible and who should pay?’ ” Frumhoff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where the science is taking us, with increasing specificity and confidence,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/julie-cart/\">Julie Cart\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Bay Area city of Richmond recently made an unlikely move that got the attention of its largest employer and taxpayer, Chevron.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It followed other municipalities and counties across California that have filed lawsuits against oil companies, alleging that the energy giants knowingly contributed to climate change and should begin paying for it. Literally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Employing the legal strategy that brought states major payouts from tobacco companies decades ago, the plaintiffs are demanding that oil interests begin writing checks to protect Californians against rising seas, crippling drought and harmful air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal viability of the lawsuits is unclear; the cases are in early stages. But if any succeed, the implications are profound: The state is already spending hundreds of millions of dollars to shore up coastlines, protect infrastructure and retrofit roads and bridges in response to rising seas. And if companies are persuaded to drill and refine less oil, California has a much better chance of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions on the schedule it has set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides Richmond, plaintiffs include the cities of Imperial Beach, Oakland, Santa Cruz and \u003ca href=\"https://www.hbsslaw.com/uploads/case_downloads/climate_change/2017-09-19complaintforpublicnuisance.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">San Francisco,\u003c/a> and the counties of Marin, San Mateo and Santa Cruz. The Los Angeles City Council is considering its own suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has not joined in, something environmental groups say is a failure of leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Accountability is critical,” said Kassie Siegel, director of the Climate Law Institute at the Center for Biological Diversity. “The state of California can and should file a case seeking money damages and also an injunction against ongoing activities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Justice has sued the Trump administration two dozen times over policies that include several related to the environment. Asked whether the state would join the cities and counties or consider filing its own suit against the oil companies, the Justice Department declined to comment about potential future action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city-county suits began six months ago when Imperial Beach, in southern San Diego County, sued a handful of oil companies. Richmond, surrounded on three sides by water and imperiled by rising seas, joined the fight Jan. 22. Its city council voted unanimously to \u003ca href=\"http://blogs2.law.columbia.edu/climate-change-litigation/wp-content/uploads/sites/16/case-documents/2018/20180122_docket-C18-00055_complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sue\u003c/a> 29 oil producers, even if it meant taking on Chevron, whose tax payments -- $45 million in 2016 -- account for 25 percent of the city’s general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are a pretty important corporate citizen,” Richmond Mayor Tom Butt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, “we are a waterfront city -- Richmond has 32 miles of shoreline on the bay. Part of our city is vulnerable to sea-level rise: our transportation systems, neighborhoods and commercial areas, and thousands of acres of waterfront park.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those vulnerable venues is Chevron’s refinery, which sits at the edge of San Francisco Bay. Completed in 1902, this refinery, the state’s largest, was immediately dubbed “the colossus.” The facility today employs more than 3,400 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648046\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11648046\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-160x142.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-240x213.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-375x333.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/tomButtwater-600x532-520x461.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Our city is vulnerable to sea-level rise,” Richmond Mayor Tom Butt said. \u003ccite>(Julie Cart/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Leah Casey, the spokeswoman for Chevron’s Richmond refinery, said in a statement that lawsuits like the local ones “will do nothing to address the serious issue of climate change. Reducing greenhouse-gas emissions is a global issue that requires global engagement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butt said the city sued “out of frustration, because I know that these fossil fuel companies are aware of the long-term costs and damage of the widespread consumption of fossil fuel.” He said Richmond was already planning for the sea’s rise but had not yet calculated mitigation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suits are filed in state court under California’s public nuisance law, which allows legal actions against activities that are “injurious to health.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York City filed a similar claim against five of the world’s largest oil companies in federal court, asking that the cost of mitigating damage done by the companies as a result of their contribution to climate change be charged to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenges also assert that the oil industry has known for decades that burning fossil fuels accelerates climate change. The Richmond complaint states, “The industry has known for decades that business-as-usual combustion of their products could be ‘severe’ or even ‘catastrophic.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Companies were so certain of the threat that some even took steps to protect their own assets from rising seas and more extreme storms,” the complaint goes on, “and they developed new technologies to profit from drilling in a soon-to-be-ice-free Arctic. Yet instead of taking steps to reduce the threat to others, the industry actually increased production while spending billions on public relations, lobbying, and campaign contributions to hide the truth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slow unraveling of the decades-long industry cover-up of the medical harm from cigarettes turned the tide in the tobacco cases, according to Ann Carlson, an environmental law professor at the Emmett Institute on Climate Change and the Environment at the UCLA School of Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlson, who is advising some of the plaintiffs’ lawyers, said that courts will take into account the oil-industry-funded campaign to discredit climate science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That matters in California,” she said. “If you can show evidence that a defendant engaged in a campaign to obfuscate, it’s more than just a nice detail. Evidence helps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With much at stake, oil companies are pushing back hard. ExxonMobil has responded with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4345487-Exxon-Texas-Petition-Jan-2018.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">demand\u003c/a> to depose lawyers representing the California cities and counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says it is a victim of a conspiracy, and cities and counties are being disingenuous: When they issue municipal bonds, they portray risk from climate change as unpredictable, not the fault of oil firms, as the lawsuits claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The companies have also filed motions to move the cases to federal courts, where they believe there are precedents more favorable to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of legal claims intended to monetize the consequences of a warming planet is growing. Carlson said greater scientific certainty about attributing climate change impacts to specific industries and companies has created a legal opening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The courts were uncomfortable that they couldn’t trace the harm,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the epicenter of so-called climate-attribution science, said Peter Frumhoff, director of science and policy for the Union of Concerned Scientists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really a quite robust ability to characterize the extent to which climate change impacts have worsened,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Further, by collating data taken from oil companies’ annual accounting and national and international energy agencies’ reports, “one can then connect the dots and assign a cost. That tees up the question, ‘Who is responsible and who should pay?’ ” Frumhoff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where the science is taking us, with increasing specificity and confidence,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Fed Slaps Unusual Penalty On Wells Fargo Following 'Widespread Consumer Abuses'",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a rare move, the Federal Reserve announced Friday that it is restricting Wells Fargo's growth and demanding the replacement of four board members in response to \"widespread consumer abuses and compliance breakdowns\" at the bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Until the firm makes sufficient improvements, it will be restricted from growing any larger than its total asset size as of the end of 2017,\" the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/enforcement20180202a.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fed said in a statement\u003c/a>. This is first time the Fed has placed a cap on the overall growth of a firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wellsfargo.com/about/investor-relations/investment-profile/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wells Fargo says\u003c/a> it has $1.9 trillion in assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move to snuff its growth comes after the bank admitted in 2016 to creating potentially millions of fake bank accounts at the expense of unsuspecting customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"gWaunrSoK7dOEdahEofRx3946qlIcmlM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2016/10/04/496508361/former-wells-fargo-employees-describe-toxic-sales-culture-even-at-hq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR's Chris Arnold has reported\u003c/a> a \"toxic high-pressure sales culture at the bank\" drove workers to dupe consumers all while helping the bank's bottom line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fed said Friday that Wells Fargo's business strategy prioritized its own growth at the expense of risk management resulting in compliance breakdowns. It is ordering the bank to \"improve its governance and risk management processes, including strengthening the effectiveness of oversight by its board of directors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Wells Fargo is permitted to continue accepting customer deposits and make consumer loans, the Fed said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wells Fargo said complying with the consent order \u003ca href=\"https://mms.businesswire.com/media/20180202005711/en/638742/1/3837099cWells_Fargo_Consent_Order_en.pdf?download=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is its number one priority \u003c/a>and has already taken steps get there. It plans to present a plan for improvement to the Fed within two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEO Tim Sloan \u003ca href=\"https://stories.wf.com/sloan-our-top-priority-remains-earning-your-trust-each-and-every-day/?cid=soc_twt_1802_105165\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said in a statement\u003c/a>, \"Although one part of the consent order restricts our company's asset growth, we remain financially strong and flexible and are confident we can fully serve your needs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the bank estimated that its total earnings could drop by as much as $400 million this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move represents Fed Chair Janet Yellen's swan song. Saturday is her last day as head of the Fed when she steps down to make way for Jerome Powell, who takes over on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We cannot tolerate pervasive and persistent misconduct at any bank and the consumers harmed by Wells Fargo expect that robust and comprehensive reforms will be put in place to make certain that the abuses do not occur again,\" Yellen said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The Fed announced Friday that the bank is forbidden from growing beyond its current size and pushed for the ouster of four board members after the bank admitted to a fake account scandal.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a rare move, the Federal Reserve announced Friday that it is restricting Wells Fargo's growth and demanding the replacement of four board members in response to \"widespread consumer abuses and compliance breakdowns\" at the bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Until the firm makes sufficient improvements, it will be restricted from growing any larger than its total asset size as of the end of 2017,\" the \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/enforcement20180202a.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fed said in a statement\u003c/a>. This is first time the Fed has placed a cap on the overall growth of a firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wellsfargo.com/about/investor-relations/investment-profile/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wells Fargo says\u003c/a> it has $1.9 trillion in assets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move to snuff its growth comes after the bank admitted in 2016 to creating potentially millions of fake bank accounts at the expense of unsuspecting customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2016/10/04/496508361/former-wells-fargo-employees-describe-toxic-sales-culture-even-at-hq\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR's Chris Arnold has reported\u003c/a> a \"toxic high-pressure sales culture at the bank\" drove workers to dupe consumers all while helping the bank's bottom line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fed said Friday that Wells Fargo's business strategy prioritized its own growth at the expense of risk management resulting in compliance breakdowns. It is ordering the bank to \"improve its governance and risk management processes, including strengthening the effectiveness of oversight by its board of directors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, Wells Fargo is permitted to continue accepting customer deposits and make consumer loans, the Fed said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wells Fargo said complying with the consent order \u003ca href=\"https://mms.businesswire.com/media/20180202005711/en/638742/1/3837099cWells_Fargo_Consent_Order_en.pdf?download=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is its number one priority \u003c/a>and has already taken steps get there. It plans to present a plan for improvement to the Fed within two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEO Tim Sloan \u003ca href=\"https://stories.wf.com/sloan-our-top-priority-remains-earning-your-trust-each-and-every-day/?cid=soc_twt_1802_105165\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said in a statement\u003c/a>, \"Although one part of the consent order restricts our company's asset growth, we remain financially strong and flexible and are confident we can fully serve your needs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the bank estimated that its total earnings could drop by as much as $400 million this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move represents Fed Chair Janet Yellen's swan song. Saturday is her last day as head of the Fed when she steps down to make way for Jerome Powell, who takes over on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We cannot tolerate pervasive and persistent misconduct at any bank and the consumers harmed by Wells Fargo expect that robust and comprehensive reforms will be put in place to make certain that the abuses do not occur again,\" Yellen said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Caught in The Middle: California Businesses Face Conflicting Immigration Laws",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Growing tension between California and the federal government over immigration has business owners in the crosshairs, worried about the potential effect on their enterprises and unsure which laws they should follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those in immigrant-dependent industries, such as hospitality and agriculture, say conflicting messages from the state, with its new laws to protect undocumented residents, and the federal government, which is cracking down on people in the U.S. illegally, puts them in an especially tough spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a bit scary to be caught in the middle of a stand-off between the feds and local law enforcement,” said Sharokina Shams, spokeswoman for the California Restaurant Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Jan. 2, the interim director of Immigration and Customs Enforcement said California should “hold on tight,” because he planned to send in a flood of agents and conduct more actions to counter the state’s new “sanctuary” law. That law, which took effect Jan. 1, limits local and state law enforcement agencies’ cooperation with federal authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE also recently raided nearly 100 7-Eleven franchises across the country and arrested 21 people. If that happened in California, the store owners would be required under a separate law to request warrants and subpoenas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB450\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">law,\u003c/a> called the Immigrant Worker Protection Act, also went into effect Jan. 1. It \u003ca href=\"https://www.employers.org/blog/2017/10/25/default/what-the-new-immigrant-worker-protection-act-ab-450-means-for-employers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">requires\u003c/a> that employers admit immigration officials to a worksite only if the agents have a warrant; keep workers’ confidential information private in the absence of a subpoena; and notify their workers before a federal audit of employee records takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article195434409.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> on Jan. 18 that his office would go after employers who share information about workers in contradiction of the new law and they could face prosecution, including fines of up to $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to protect people’s rights to privacy and protect their ability to go about their business, going to work and feeding their kids,” said Becerra, an appointee who is running for election to his post this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his announcement was prompted by rumors in Northern California that immigration agents intend to conduct workplace raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement says employers in California are expected to comply with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/factsheets/i9-inspection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal regulations\u003c/a>, as they have in the past, when asked to open their records for review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Immigrant Worker Protection Act “reflects yet another effort by the State of California to interfere with federal immigration enforcement authorities,” Lori Haley, spokeswoman for ICE, told CALmatters in an email. “Federal law established by the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 requires employers to verify the identity and work eligibility of all individuals they hire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such audits protect jobs for citizens and others who are in the country legally and help battle worker exploitation, child labor and other illegal practices, Haley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11647841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis.jpg\" alt=\"“The small business owner is the loser in this,” said Patricia Perez, co-owner of Pho Show restaurants in Culver City and Redondo Beach.\" width=\"600\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-240x178.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-375x278.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-520x385.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The small business owner is the loser in this,” said Patricia Perez, co-owner of Pho Show restaurants in Culver City and Redondo Beach. (Elizabeth Aguilera)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California business owners shouldn’t be put at odds with the federal government, said GOP Assemblyman Travis Allen, who represents Huntington Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Business owners should always feel safe to cooperate with federal authorities without fear of persecution by California’s rogue attorney general,” said Allen, who is running for governor. “Business owners should never be used as pawns in the California Democrats’ ongoing war with the White House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called the new law unconstitutional and likened Becerra’s threat to the Mafia silencing witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Constitution has “laid out clearly that immigration is federal, not state jurisdiction,” Allen said. “Federal law trumps state law and Xavier Becerra knows this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cfbf.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Farm Bureau Federation\u003c/a>, which represents farmers, has been reaching out to its 27,000 members to educate them about the new employer law. But officials there say they may not be able to reach everyone and worry that some may get caught unaware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a little disconcerting that the attorney general felt compelled to make a public statement to the effect that ‘we are going to fine anybody that we think might have violated the law at the max penalty’ when people make mistakes,” said Bryan Little, director of employment policy for the federation. “It would have been more helpful for the attorney general to be more informative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, Little said, when immigration authorities decide to do an employment inspection, an employer receives a letter stating that the agency wants to audit its records, how those records should be provided and whether agents plan to show up at the worksite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s different from an enforcement action, when agents show up without warning to look for someone specific or to question all employees about their legal status — the kind of operation that does not happen very often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, said Little, California law adds a layer of complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our business owners, operators and employers are caught in the middle” between ICE’s right to enforce federal law and the state’s limited-cooperation directive, he said. “It’s unfortunate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, restaurateur Patricia Perez, co-owner of Pho Show restaurants in Culver City and Redondo Beach, feels the pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being in the hospitality industry, the whole social and political climate is worrisome,” she said. “Even before this, there is a lot to comply with. I don’t know what we would do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The small business owner is the loser in this,” said Perez, who is also on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calrest.org/post/los-angeles-chapter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">board \u003c/a>of the Los Angeles Chapter of the California Restaurant Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeping up with new laws and regulations is hard enough, said Perez. Anytime a government agency shows up at a business for audits or information, employers and workers are nervous or even intimidated, and the new employment law doesn’t help, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not an issue of transparency. Once a government agency asks for anything, it’s a feeling of not having a choice,” she said. “Business owners don’t always know their rights or what to do except to comply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California could be contradicting itself with the new employer law, according to Jonathan Turley, professor of public-interest law at George Washington University in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state weighed in on a 2012 case involving an Arizona law that required police to cooperate with immigration agents, Turley noted in a \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/370012-california-immigrant-worker-law-is-a-golden-opportunity-for-jeff-sessions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">review\u003c/a> of California’s new employer law. Kamala Harris, who was then California’s attorney general, signed a brief arguing that Arizona’s law improperly interfered with federal jurisdiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, California is putting business owners in the direct path of the federal government, Turley argues, and its law could be challenged based on its own position that states should not impede federal authority.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB450\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">law,\u003c/a> called the Immigrant Worker Protection Act, also went into effect Jan. 1. It \u003ca href=\"https://www.employers.org/blog/2017/10/25/default/what-the-new-immigrant-worker-protection-act-ab-450-means-for-employers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">requires\u003c/a> that employers admit immigration officials to a worksite only if the agents have a warrant; keep workers’ confidential information private in the absence of a subpoena; and notify their workers before a federal audit of employee records takes place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Attorney General Xavier Becerra \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article195434409.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced\u003c/a> on Jan. 18 that his office would go after employers who share information about workers in contradiction of the new law and they could face prosecution, including fines of up to $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to protect people’s rights to privacy and protect their ability to go about their business, going to work and feeding their kids,” said Becerra, an appointee who is running for election to his post this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his announcement was prompted by rumors in Northern California that immigration agents intend to conduct workplace raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement says employers in California are expected to comply with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/factsheets/i9-inspection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">federal regulations\u003c/a>, as they have in the past, when asked to open their records for review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Immigrant Worker Protection Act “reflects yet another effort by the State of California to interfere with federal immigration enforcement authorities,” Lori Haley, spokeswoman for ICE, told CALmatters in an email. “Federal law established by the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 requires employers to verify the identity and work eligibility of all individuals they hire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such audits protect jobs for citizens and others who are in the country legally and help battle worker exploitation, child labor and other illegal practices, Haley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11647841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis.jpg\" alt=\"“The small business owner is the loser in this,” said Patricia Perez, co-owner of Pho Show restaurants in Culver City and Redondo Beach.\" width=\"600\" height=\"444\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-160x118.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-240x178.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-375x278.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/smallbuis-520x385.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“The small business owner is the loser in this,” said Patricia Perez, co-owner of Pho Show restaurants in Culver City and Redondo Beach. (Elizabeth Aguilera)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California business owners shouldn’t be put at odds with the federal government, said GOP Assemblyman Travis Allen, who represents Huntington Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Business owners should always feel safe to cooperate with federal authorities without fear of persecution by California’s rogue attorney general,” said Allen, who is running for governor. “Business owners should never be used as pawns in the California Democrats’ ongoing war with the White House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He called the new law unconstitutional and likened Becerra’s threat to the Mafia silencing witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Constitution has “laid out clearly that immigration is federal, not state jurisdiction,” Allen said. “Federal law trumps state law and Xavier Becerra knows this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cfbf.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Farm Bureau Federation\u003c/a>, which represents farmers, has been reaching out to its 27,000 members to educate them about the new employer law. But officials there say they may not be able to reach everyone and worry that some may get caught unaware.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a little disconcerting that the attorney general felt compelled to make a public statement to the effect that ‘we are going to fine anybody that we think might have violated the law at the max penalty’ when people make mistakes,” said Bryan Little, director of employment policy for the federation. “It would have been more helpful for the attorney general to be more informative.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, Little said, when immigration authorities decide to do an employment inspection, an employer receives a letter stating that the agency wants to audit its records, how those records should be provided and whether agents plan to show up at the worksite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s different from an enforcement action, when agents show up without warning to look for someone specific or to question all employees about their legal status — the kind of operation that does not happen very often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, said Little, California law adds a layer of complications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our business owners, operators and employers are caught in the middle” between ICE’s right to enforce federal law and the state’s limited-cooperation directive, he said. “It’s unfortunate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Los Angeles, restaurateur Patricia Perez, co-owner of Pho Show restaurants in Culver City and Redondo Beach, feels the pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being in the hospitality industry, the whole social and political climate is worrisome,” she said. “Even before this, there is a lot to comply with. I don’t know what we would do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The small business owner is the loser in this,” said Perez, who is also on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.calrest.org/post/los-angeles-chapter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">board \u003c/a>of the Los Angeles Chapter of the California Restaurant Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeping up with new laws and regulations is hard enough, said Perez. Anytime a government agency shows up at a business for audits or information, employers and workers are nervous or even intimidated, and the new employment law doesn’t help, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not an issue of transparency. Once a government agency asks for anything, it’s a feeling of not having a choice,” she said. “Business owners don’t always know their rights or what to do except to comply.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California could be contradicting itself with the new employer law, according to Jonathan Turley, professor of public-interest law at George Washington University in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state weighed in on a 2012 case involving an Arizona law that required police to cooperate with immigration agents, Turley noted in a \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/370012-california-immigrant-worker-law-is-a-golden-opportunity-for-jeff-sessions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">review\u003c/a> of California’s new employer law. Kamala Harris, who was then California’s attorney general, signed a brief arguing that Arizona’s law improperly interfered with federal jurisdiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, California is putting business owners in the direct path of the federal government, Turley argues, and its law could be challenged based on its own position that states should not impede federal authority.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How Oil Built a California City Named For Coal",
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"headTitle": "A Place Called What?! | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>A lot of us Californians like to hit the open road, explore miles of highway and venture off onto some back roads. Sometimes, we come across towns with some pretty bizarre and surprising names. For this installment in our series “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/a-place-called-what/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Place Called What?!\u003c/a>” we head to Coalinga, a city in Fresno County. Know an unusual place name in California? Tell us about it in the comments below, or send a note to calreport@kqed.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Morris has lived in Coalinga for 65 years. It's a city of only 16,000 people, but he says he likes it that way. \"You don't have to worry about traffic... Coalinga grows on you, that's for sure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He spends his days as a volunteer docent at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/rc-baker-memorial-museum-coalinga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R.C. Baker Memorial Museum\u003c/a> in downtown Coalinga, so he knows quite a bit about the history of his adopted hometown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oil definitely made Coalinga,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11643108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1332px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11643108\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An idle oil well in the eastern portion of the Coalinga Field.\" width=\"1332\" height=\"994\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut.jpg 1332w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-160x119.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-800x597.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-1020x761.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-1180x881.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-960x716.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-240x179.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-375x280.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-520x388.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1332px) 100vw, 1332px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An idle oil well in the eastern portion of the Coalinga Field. \u003ccite>(Antandrus at English Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But before cars came on the scene, coal-powered trains rumbled through Coalinga. In fact, even though oil \"made\" Coalinga, it's \u003cem>coal\u003c/em> that gave the city its name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1870 and 1880, coal was discovered in Coalinga, and mines to extract the resource were built into the hills. In 1888, miners built a railroad that connected the mines to coaling stations on the flat land. There were three of these loading stops: Coaling Station A, B, and C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, a little town sprouted around the first stop. Bill explains that Coaling Station A became the name of the town, and then they shortened it. \"They just called it Coaling-A, instead of calling it Coaling Station A.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11643639\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 421px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11643639\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28965_CoaingaGusher-qut.jpg\" alt='The \"Silver Tip\" oil well gusher in 1909.' width=\"421\" height=\"800\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The \"Silver Tip\" oil well gusher in 1909. (Photo Courtesy of R. C. Baker Memorial Museum, Inc.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But by that time, the automobile had been invented, and the country was hungry for oil. Coalinga also used to be on an oil field, so the small town grew into a city as people flocked to extract this precious resource, and industry grew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it wasn't for oil, Coalinga probably wouldn't even be here,\" Bill says. \"It would just be a grassland for the cattle to feed on.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>A lot of us Californians like to hit the open road, explore miles of highway and venture off onto some back roads. Sometimes, we come across towns with some pretty bizarre and surprising names. For this installment in our series “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/a-place-called-what/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Place Called What?!\u003c/a>” we head to Coalinga, a city in Fresno County. Know an unusual place name in California? Tell us about it in the comments below, or send a note to calreport@kqed.org.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Morris has lived in Coalinga for 65 years. It's a city of only 16,000 people, but he says he likes it that way. \"You don't have to worry about traffic... Coalinga grows on you, that's for sure.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He spends his days as a volunteer docent at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.yelp.com/biz/rc-baker-memorial-museum-coalinga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R.C. Baker Memorial Museum\u003c/a> in downtown Coalinga, so he knows quite a bit about the history of his adopted hometown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Oil definitely made Coalinga,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11643108\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1332px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11643108\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An idle oil well in the eastern portion of the Coalinga Field.\" width=\"1332\" height=\"994\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut.jpg 1332w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-160x119.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-800x597.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-1020x761.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-1180x881.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-960x716.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-240x179.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-375x280.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28929_CoalingaWell-qut-520x388.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1332px) 100vw, 1332px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An idle oil well in the eastern portion of the Coalinga Field. \u003ccite>(Antandrus at English Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But before cars came on the scene, coal-powered trains rumbled through Coalinga. In fact, even though oil \"made\" Coalinga, it's \u003cem>coal\u003c/em> that gave the city its name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 1870 and 1880, coal was discovered in Coalinga, and mines to extract the resource were built into the hills. In 1888, miners built a railroad that connected the mines to coaling stations on the flat land. There were three of these loading stops: Coaling Station A, B, and C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, a little town sprouted around the first stop. Bill explains that Coaling Station A became the name of the town, and then they shortened it. \"They just called it Coaling-A, instead of calling it Coaling Station A.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11643639\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 421px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11643639\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RS28965_CoaingaGusher-qut.jpg\" alt='The \"Silver Tip\" oil well gusher in 1909.' width=\"421\" height=\"800\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The \"Silver Tip\" oil well gusher in 1909. (Photo Courtesy of R. C. Baker Memorial Museum, Inc.)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But by that time, the automobile had been invented, and the country was hungry for oil. Coalinga also used to be on an oil field, so the small town grew into a city as people flocked to extract this precious resource, and industry grew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it wasn't for oil, Coalinga probably wouldn't even be here,\" Bill says. \"It would just be a grassland for the cattle to feed on.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California is \u003ca href=\"http://www.treasurer.ca.gov/cbwg/resources/reports/110717-cannabis-report.pdf\">starting to assess\u003c/a> whether a public bank would better serve the state’s marijuana industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, California Treasurer John Chiang announced that he and the state attorney general’s office will be moving forward with a feasibility study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most private banks won’t work with cannabis businesses because marijuana use is illegal under federal law. Chiang — who is running for governor — says California will conduct a two-part feasibility study on whether a state-backed bank would provide a viable alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/01/CannabisBankOrr.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/04/PotPlants-1920x1280.jpg\" Title=\"California Weighs Creating a Public Bank for Cannabis Businesses\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiang’s office would look at operational issues, like whether the bank should be online or have physical locations. He says the attorney general will consider legal questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need answers to legal issues surrounding the regulation of a state bank for cannabis, such as whether establishing such a bank would provide greater protection for the institution and its customers,” Chiang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The completed study is expected to answer questions about costs, benefits, risks, and legal and regulatory issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”DkOrE1M7tKxAtsqAeNOPmgDBLlfeiTLg”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiang says the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/04/u-s-to-end-lenient-policy-that-let-legal-pot-flourish/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anti-marijuana stance of U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions\u003c/a> creates some additional challenges to finding a banking solution for the industry. Chiang says California is collaborating with other states to encourage a federal fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s cannabis industry is expected to bring in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/28/states-top-marijuana-regulator-has-a-big-job-in-runup-to-legal-sales/\">billions of dollars\u003c/a> in sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the business is currently \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/08/why-legal-weed-might-mean-a-lot-more-armored-cars-on-the-street/\">conducted in cash\u003c/a>, which can attract crime.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is \u003ca href=\"http://www.treasurer.ca.gov/cbwg/resources/reports/110717-cannabis-report.pdf\">starting to assess\u003c/a> whether a public bank would better serve the state’s marijuana industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Tuesday, California Treasurer John Chiang announced that he and the state attorney general’s office will be moving forward with a feasibility study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most private banks won’t work with cannabis businesses because marijuana use is illegal under federal law. Chiang — who is running for governor — says California will conduct a two-part feasibility study on whether a state-backed bank would provide a viable alternative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiang’s office would look at operational issues, like whether the bank should be online or have physical locations. He says the attorney general will consider legal questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need answers to legal issues surrounding the regulation of a state bank for cannabis, such as whether establishing such a bank would provide greater protection for the institution and its customers,” Chiang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The completed study is expected to answer questions about costs, benefits, risks, and legal and regulatory issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiang says the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/04/u-s-to-end-lenient-policy-that-let-legal-pot-flourish/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">anti-marijuana stance of U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions\u003c/a> creates some additional challenges to finding a banking solution for the industry. Chiang says California is collaborating with other states to encourage a federal fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s cannabis industry is expected to bring in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/28/states-top-marijuana-regulator-has-a-big-job-in-runup-to-legal-sales/\">billions of dollars\u003c/a> in sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the business is currently \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/08/why-legal-weed-might-mean-a-lot-more-armored-cars-on-the-street/\">conducted in cash\u003c/a>, which can attract crime.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump's Bipartisan Pitch: 'This Is Our New American Moment'",
"title": "Trump's Bipartisan Pitch: 'This Is Our New American Moment'",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Watch President Trump's Address:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=580378279&mediaId=580381077\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/30/580378279/trumps-state-of-the-union-address-annotated\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Live annotation from NPR\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-pym-annotation-loader data-child-src=\"https://apps.npr.org/factchecks/20180130-state-of-the-union/child.html\" id=\"responsive-embed-20180130-state-of-the-union\">Loading...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"https://pym.nprapps.org/npr-pym-annotation-loader.v2.min.js\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 7:16 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is planning a bipartisan pitch to Congress with his first State of the Union address on Tuesday, but he will have his work cut out for him with a public that is more divided than ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tonight, I want to talk about what kind of future we are going to have, and what kind of nation we are going to be. All of us, together, as one team, one people, and one American family,\" Trump will say, according to excerpts of the speech released by the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is our New American Moment. There has never been a better time to start living the American Dream,\" the president will also say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to see our country united,\" Trump told network anchors at a luncheon Tuesday previewing the speech. \"I want to bring our country back from a tremendous divisiveness,\" which he said dates back many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"2MjciqrlWGm8tL1cPfWCzn3aGiiX1tmK\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixty-one percent of Americans believe Trump has done more to divide the country than to unite it, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/18/578639915/majority-of-americans-see-trumps-first-year-as-a-failure\">NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll\u003c/a>. A year into office, Trump's approval ratings are at record-low levels, and a majority of Americans see his first year as a failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scripted speech like the State of the Union, with dedicated airtime, gives Trump a prime opportunity to lay out his agenda and try to set a new tone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The theme of the speech will be \"building a safe, strong and proud America,\" a senior administration official told reporters, and the president will tout his \"record-setting\" accomplishments, which are \"lifting all Americans.\" The speech will reflect on his first year in office and highlight the country's economic upswing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official said the speech will be forward-looking and optimistic, much in the vein of Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/02/28/517826209/watch-live-president-trump-looks-for-reset-with-joint-address-to-congress\">first address to Congress in February 2017\u003c/a>, shortly after he was inaugurated, when he called for the \"renewal of the American spirit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday night, Trump is expected to focus on five major policy areas: jobs and the economy, infrastructure, immigration, trade and national security. The president is expected to unveil some new policy proposals, though the official would not elaborate on what those would be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"D3LpgXZ6glOW2SW032R3iKX4sbS0uaQQ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The economy will be a major facet of Trump's look back. The president will tout the tax law passed in December by Congress, his administration's deregulation efforts and previous stock market gains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/18/578639915/majority-of-americans-see-trumps-first-year-as-a-failure\">NPR poll\u003c/a>, 45 percent of Americans said the economy has improved under Trump, who inherited an upward economic trajectory from former President Barack Obama. The economy \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/26/580964131/as-2017-wound-down-u-s-growth-was-good-but-not-as-strong-as-expected\">didn't grow as quickly\u003c/a> in the final quarter of 2017 as many economists had projected, though. And the stock market taking a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business/markets/dow-jones-takes-triple-digit-tumble-just-hours-trump-s-n842711\">triple-digit tumble\u003c/a> on Tuesday just hours before Trump's speech will certainly cast a pall over any Wall Street highs that the president could tout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, if the economy overall does remain strong, that is one mark that can work in the president's favor, and Republicans — especially heading into the 2018 midterms — hope that bonuses and higher paychecks resulting from the tax law will help boost voters come November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since we passed tax cuts, roughly 3 million workers have already gotten tax cut bonuses – many of them thousands of dollars per worker,\" Trump will say, according to excerpts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"4JmHf6qPg0d4eXp4FYFYgL7CcXWipxqZ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On infrastructure, the president will outline his $1 trillion plan to rebuild the country's roads, bridges and more — something he has long hoped to champion in Congress. Such an effort could draw bipartisan support, but has so far lacked specifics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"America is a nation of builders. We built the Empire State Building in just one year -- isn't it a disgrace that it can now take 10 years just to get a permit approved for a simple road?\" Trump will ask Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration will also be a critical component, with the White House proposing to offer protections for people in the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, also known as DACA, which is set to expire March 5. Under the plan outlined to congressional Republicans this week, the White House would support a 10- to 12-year path to citizenship for the roughly 700,000 undocumented immigrants currently enrolled in DACA who came to the country as children. The proposal would also offer that path to others who were eligible for DACA but not currently enrolled, which could be up to 1.8 million people in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his lunch with television anchors, Trump said he empathizes with the DACA recipients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I put myself in their position. Millions and millions of people are affected,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Wi9JFjiTMJjI483UsHjG7TC8PGHJTg1D\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He suggested that's one of the things he's learned during his first year in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You govern with all the instincts of a businessperson but you have to add much more heart and soul into your decisions than you would ever have even though of before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House also wants $25 billion for Trump's proposed Southern border wall and other border security measures, along with an end to the visa lottery system and changes to policies by which immigrants legally in the U.S. are allowed to sponsor extended family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those cuts to legal immigration in exchange for a DACA deal have been a nonstarter with many Democrats. At the same time, many in the president's conservative base are upset that he would offer any path to citizenship for DACA recipients and the broader group of immigrants known as DREAMers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump will also talk about trade, which has been a key part of his populist platform and a theme of past speeches, including recently at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. On Friday, Trump defended his \"America First\" approach to trade, saying that while the U.S. supports free trade, \"it needs to be fair and it needs to be reciprocal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump pulled out of the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal when he came to the White House. His administration is also working on renegotiating the North American Free Trade Agreement; Trump has, at times, suggested leaving NAFTA altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"BSDyXgzEcz6QaDspktXkZnzkT7nvjWec\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president is expected to touch on themes similar to his Davos speech and to the remarks he gave last November at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/10/563219635/trump-talks-tough-on-trade-at-summit-in-vietnam\">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) CEO Summit\u003c/a>, where he said, \"The United States will no longer turn a blind eye to violations, cheating, or economic aggression. Those days are over.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"America has also finally turned the page on decades of unfair trade deals that sacrificed our prosperity and shipped away our companies, our jobs and our nation's wealth,\" Trump will say, according to the excerpts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final key part of Trump's speech will focus on national security, including efforts to rebuild the military and deal with foreign threats such as ISIS — another effort where he's received \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/18/578639915/majority-of-americans-see-trumps-first-year-as-a-failure\">positive marks\u003c/a> from Americans — North Korea and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last year I pledged that we would work with our allies to extinguish ISIS from the face of the earth,\" the president will say. \"One year later, I'm proud to report that the coalition to defeat ISIS has liberated almost 100 percent of the territory once held by these killers in Iraq and Syria. But there is much more work to be done. We will continue our fight until ISIS is defeated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"dQwLohfqxWYePHyzCPuv1H1zLSgano6K\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On North Korea, Trump has a record of using controversial rhetoric, including taunting North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/09/19/551229652/trump-addresses-u-n-general-assembly-for-the-first-time\">Little Rocket Man\u003c/a>\" and comparing the size of the countries' \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/03/575240956/trump-taunts-kim-my-nuclear-button-is-much-bigger-than-yours\">nuclear buttons\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, few promises that presidents lay out in these speeches \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/dont-expect-congress-act-much-obama-proposes-state-union\">ever get implemented\u003c/a>, as PBS NewsHour noted in 2015. The speeches rarely change anyone's minds, either, \u003ca href=\"http://news.gallup.com/poll/125396/president-support-usually-unaffected-state-union.aspx\">Gallup reported in 2010\u003c/a>: \"Audiences for the State of the Union tend to be heavily tilted toward the president's existing supporters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Trump will have an unfiltered platform to lay out his agenda, any proposals or promises to reach across the aisle could be undone by a tonal pivot in a tweet or in unscripted remarks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just days after last year's call for unity before a joint session of Congress, for example, Trump tweeted — without any evidence — that Obama had wiretapped his home in Trump Tower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR White House Correspondent Tamara Keith and NPR political editor Domenico Montanaro contributed. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+To+Make+Bipartisan+Pitch%3A+%27This+Is+Our+New+American+Moment%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Watch President Trump's Address:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/event/embeddedVideo.php?storyId=580378279&mediaId=580381077\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/30/580378279/trumps-state-of-the-union-address-annotated\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Live annotation from NPR\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-pym-annotation-loader data-child-src=\"https://apps.npr.org/factchecks/20180130-state-of-the-union/child.html\" id=\"responsive-embed-20180130-state-of-the-union\">Loading...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"https://pym.nprapps.org/npr-pym-annotation-loader.v2.min.js\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 7:16 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump is planning a bipartisan pitch to Congress with his first State of the Union address on Tuesday, but he will have his work cut out for him with a public that is more divided than ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Tonight, I want to talk about what kind of future we are going to have, and what kind of nation we are going to be. All of us, together, as one team, one people, and one American family,\" Trump will say, according to excerpts of the speech released by the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is our New American Moment. There has never been a better time to start living the American Dream,\" the president will also say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to see our country united,\" Trump told network anchors at a luncheon Tuesday previewing the speech. \"I want to bring our country back from a tremendous divisiveness,\" which he said dates back many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sixty-one percent of Americans believe Trump has done more to divide the country than to unite it, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/18/578639915/majority-of-americans-see-trumps-first-year-as-a-failure\">NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist poll\u003c/a>. A year into office, Trump's approval ratings are at record-low levels, and a majority of Americans see his first year as a failure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scripted speech like the State of the Union, with dedicated airtime, gives Trump a prime opportunity to lay out his agenda and try to set a new tone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The theme of the speech will be \"building a safe, strong and proud America,\" a senior administration official told reporters, and the president will tout his \"record-setting\" accomplishments, which are \"lifting all Americans.\" The speech will reflect on his first year in office and highlight the country's economic upswing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The official said the speech will be forward-looking and optimistic, much in the vein of Trump's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/02/28/517826209/watch-live-president-trump-looks-for-reset-with-joint-address-to-congress\">first address to Congress in February 2017\u003c/a>, shortly after he was inaugurated, when he called for the \"renewal of the American spirit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tuesday night, Trump is expected to focus on five major policy areas: jobs and the economy, infrastructure, immigration, trade and national security. The president is expected to unveil some new policy proposals, though the official would not elaborate on what those would be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The economy will be a major facet of Trump's look back. The president will tout the tax law passed in December by Congress, his administration's deregulation efforts and previous stock market gains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/18/578639915/majority-of-americans-see-trumps-first-year-as-a-failure\">NPR poll\u003c/a>, 45 percent of Americans said the economy has improved under Trump, who inherited an upward economic trajectory from former President Barack Obama. The economy \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/26/580964131/as-2017-wound-down-u-s-growth-was-good-but-not-as-strong-as-expected\">didn't grow as quickly\u003c/a> in the final quarter of 2017 as many economists had projected, though. And the stock market taking a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/business/markets/dow-jones-takes-triple-digit-tumble-just-hours-trump-s-n842711\">triple-digit tumble\u003c/a> on Tuesday just hours before Trump's speech will certainly cast a pall over any Wall Street highs that the president could tout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, if the economy overall does remain strong, that is one mark that can work in the president's favor, and Republicans — especially heading into the 2018 midterms — hope that bonuses and higher paychecks resulting from the tax law will help boost voters come November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Since we passed tax cuts, roughly 3 million workers have already gotten tax cut bonuses – many of them thousands of dollars per worker,\" Trump will say, according to excerpts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On infrastructure, the president will outline his $1 trillion plan to rebuild the country's roads, bridges and more — something he has long hoped to champion in Congress. Such an effort could draw bipartisan support, but has so far lacked specifics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"America is a nation of builders. We built the Empire State Building in just one year -- isn't it a disgrace that it can now take 10 years just to get a permit approved for a simple road?\" Trump will ask Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration will also be a critical component, with the White House proposing to offer protections for people in the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, also known as DACA, which is set to expire March 5. Under the plan outlined to congressional Republicans this week, the White House would support a 10- to 12-year path to citizenship for the roughly 700,000 undocumented immigrants currently enrolled in DACA who came to the country as children. The proposal would also offer that path to others who were eligible for DACA but not currently enrolled, which could be up to 1.8 million people in total.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his lunch with television anchors, Trump said he empathizes with the DACA recipients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I put myself in their position. Millions and millions of people are affected,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He suggested that's one of the things he's learned during his first year in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You govern with all the instincts of a businessperson but you have to add much more heart and soul into your decisions than you would ever have even though of before.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House also wants $25 billion for Trump's proposed Southern border wall and other border security measures, along with an end to the visa lottery system and changes to policies by which immigrants legally in the U.S. are allowed to sponsor extended family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those cuts to legal immigration in exchange for a DACA deal have been a nonstarter with many Democrats. At the same time, many in the president's conservative base are upset that he would offer any path to citizenship for DACA recipients and the broader group of immigrants known as DREAMers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump will also talk about trade, which has been a key part of his populist platform and a theme of past speeches, including recently at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland. On Friday, Trump defended his \"America First\" approach to trade, saying that while the U.S. supports free trade, \"it needs to be fair and it needs to be reciprocal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump pulled out of the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal when he came to the White House. His administration is also working on renegotiating the North American Free Trade Agreement; Trump has, at times, suggested leaving NAFTA altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president is expected to touch on themes similar to his Davos speech and to the remarks he gave last November at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/10/563219635/trump-talks-tough-on-trade-at-summit-in-vietnam\">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) CEO Summit\u003c/a>, where he said, \"The United States will no longer turn a blind eye to violations, cheating, or economic aggression. Those days are over.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"America has also finally turned the page on decades of unfair trade deals that sacrificed our prosperity and shipped away our companies, our jobs and our nation's wealth,\" Trump will say, according to the excerpts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final key part of Trump's speech will focus on national security, including efforts to rebuild the military and deal with foreign threats such as ISIS — another effort where he's received \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/18/578639915/majority-of-americans-see-trumps-first-year-as-a-failure\">positive marks\u003c/a> from Americans — North Korea and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Last year I pledged that we would work with our allies to extinguish ISIS from the face of the earth,\" the president will say. \"One year later, I'm proud to report that the coalition to defeat ISIS has liberated almost 100 percent of the territory once held by these killers in Iraq and Syria. But there is much more work to be done. We will continue our fight until ISIS is defeated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On North Korea, Trump has a record of using controversial rhetoric, including taunting North Korean Leader Kim Jong Un as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/09/19/551229652/trump-addresses-u-n-general-assembly-for-the-first-time\">Little Rocket Man\u003c/a>\" and comparing the size of the countries' \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/03/575240956/trump-taunts-kim-my-nuclear-button-is-much-bigger-than-yours\">nuclear buttons\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, few promises that presidents lay out in these speeches \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/dont-expect-congress-act-much-obama-proposes-state-union\">ever get implemented\u003c/a>, as PBS NewsHour noted in 2015. The speeches rarely change anyone's minds, either, \u003ca href=\"http://news.gallup.com/poll/125396/president-support-usually-unaffected-state-union.aspx\">Gallup reported in 2010\u003c/a>: \"Audiences for the State of the Union tend to be heavily tilted toward the president's existing supporters.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while Trump will have an unfiltered platform to lay out his agenda, any proposals or promises to reach across the aisle could be undone by a tonal pivot in a tweet or in unscripted remarks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just days after last year's call for unity before a joint session of Congress, for example, Trump tweeted — without any evidence — that Obama had wiretapped his home in Trump Tower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR White House Correspondent Tamara Keith and NPR political editor Domenico Montanaro contributed. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Trump+To+Make+Bipartisan+Pitch%3A+%27This+Is+Our+New+American+Moment%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Expanding broadband internet access to low-income communities has been a priority for San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo for some time now. So it came as a surprise in late January when he \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/25/san-jose-mayor-liccardo-resigns-from-fcc-broadband-advisory-board/\">quit\u003c/a> a Federal Communications Commission committee charged with improving access nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s apparent that ultimately the FCC is in the industry’s pocket and has no intention of doing anything to expand digital access,” Liccardo said shortly after the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the internet is a driving force behind life in the Bay Area, for many low-income families in East San Jose, it’s still not easy to get online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get an idea of what this problem looks like, Gabriel Hernandez takes me for a walk through a neighborhood in East San Jose. Hernandez works for Somos Mayfair, a social service nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guarantee if we went down this street, you’d probably find maybe five houses that have a computer in the house,” Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the residents in this neighborhood are Latino and working class. Hernandez says that for those he works with, it’s hard to think about paying for the internet when they’re in survival mode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Families have to make those choices. Do I eat? Do I pay rent? Or do I pay the phone?” Hernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luiz Mendoza, 51, lives in this neighborhood, in a rented room with four of her children. She fled a domestic violence situation and is raising all of her kids on a salary she earns as a child care worker. The family shares two cellphones — they don’t have a computer. This is a major pain for Mendoza’s 15-year-old daughter, Annette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I need homework in email and sometimes I can’t get it because I don’t have Wi-Fi,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette uses a hot spot on her mother’s phone to get on the internet. But doing research or using Google Slides on a tiny phone screen is hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the hot spot is just really slow and doesn’t let you work on it, and so sometimes you just have to miss it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette sometimes skips lunch to do her work in the school’s computer lab. She admits there are times when she just doesn’t do it at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette’s story is more common than we might realize, says Shireen Santosham, chief innovation officer for the city of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy percent of homework is done online, so what you’re doing is cutting out opportunities for onramps for those children,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santosham and her staff conducted a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Digital20Inclusion20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> with Stanford University and found that 28 percent of families living in the city don’t have access to broadband internet. Most of those families are living below the poverty line, making less than $15,000 a year. Santosham says they’re trying to combat this by bringing in more competition. AT&T and Comcast are the two main companies that provide internet service in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting more competition for the private sector to come in and lower prices and compete against each other, that will result in bringing down the cost and getting more people on the services,” Santosham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, Comcast launched a new service in San Jose for low-income families — offering internet for as low as $10 a month. The study found that for many families, $10 is still too much to pay. And some argue at this lowest tier the internet is so slow it’s sometimes useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647047\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11647047 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RamosFamily-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Ramos with his mother, Rodio, and sister, Catherine, outside their home in East San Jose. Anthony says their internet access is so slow, it sometimes prohibits him from completing his homework. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This is the case for the Ramos family. They recently signed up for that low-cost internet service with Comcast, but 11-year-old Anthony Ramos says trying to work online with his classmates can be excruciating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a day ago they asked me to be in a group chat, but when I get on the internet it’s very slow,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos says it can take several minutes for a page to load, so instead he uses the internet at school or a community center to do his homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do most of my social studies homework over there because my internet here is not that good,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools, libraries and community centers are good options, says the city. As part of a digital inclusion plan, the city is working on outreach efforts to let more people know about them. The city also wants to expand its free Wi-Fi network to places like East San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this is to make certain that everyone who lives in the heart of Silicon Valley can be connected.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Expanding broadband internet access to low-income communities has been a priority for San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo for some time now. So it came as a surprise in late January when he \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/25/san-jose-mayor-liccardo-resigns-from-fcc-broadband-advisory-board/\">quit\u003c/a> a Federal Communications Commission committee charged with improving access nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s apparent that ultimately the FCC is in the industry’s pocket and has no intention of doing anything to expand digital access,” Liccardo said shortly after the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the internet is a driving force behind life in the Bay Area, for many low-income families in East San Jose, it’s still not easy to get online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get an idea of what this problem looks like, Gabriel Hernandez takes me for a walk through a neighborhood in East San Jose. Hernandez works for Somos Mayfair, a social service nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guarantee if we went down this street, you’d probably find maybe five houses that have a computer in the house,” Hernandez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the residents in this neighborhood are Latino and working class. Hernandez says that for those he works with, it’s hard to think about paying for the internet when they’re in survival mode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Families have to make those choices. Do I eat? Do I pay rent? Or do I pay the phone?” Hernandez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luiz Mendoza, 51, lives in this neighborhood, in a rented room with four of her children. She fled a domestic violence situation and is raising all of her kids on a salary she earns as a child care worker. The family shares two cellphones — they don’t have a computer. This is a major pain for Mendoza’s 15-year-old daughter, Annette.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I need homework in email and sometimes I can’t get it because I don’t have Wi-Fi,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette uses a hot spot on her mother’s phone to get on the internet. But doing research or using Google Slides on a tiny phone screen is hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes the hot spot is just really slow and doesn’t let you work on it, and so sometimes you just have to miss it,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette sometimes skips lunch to do her work in the school’s computer lab. She admits there are times when she just doesn’t do it at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Annette’s story is more common than we might realize, says Shireen Santosham, chief innovation officer for the city of San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Seventy percent of homework is done online, so what you’re doing is cutting out opportunities for onramps for those children,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santosham and her staff conducted a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Digital20Inclusion20Report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> with Stanford University and found that 28 percent of families living in the city don’t have access to broadband internet. Most of those families are living below the poverty line, making less than $15,000 a year. Santosham says they’re trying to combat this by bringing in more competition. AT&T and Comcast are the two main companies that provide internet service in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting more competition for the private sector to come in and lower prices and compete against each other, that will result in bringing down the cost and getting more people on the services,” Santosham says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, Comcast launched a new service in San Jose for low-income families — offering internet for as low as $10 a month. The study found that for many families, $10 is still too much to pay. And some argue at this lowest tier the internet is so slow it’s sometimes useless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11647047\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11647047 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/RamosFamily-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anthony Ramos with his mother, Rodio, and sister, Catherine, outside their home in East San Jose. Anthony says their internet access is so slow, it sometimes prohibits him from completing his homework. \u003ccite>(Tonya Mosley/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This is the case for the Ramos family. They recently signed up for that low-cost internet service with Comcast, but 11-year-old Anthony Ramos says trying to work online with his classmates can be excruciating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just a day ago they asked me to be in a group chat, but when I get on the internet it’s very slow,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ramos says it can take several minutes for a page to load, so instead he uses the internet at school or a community center to do his homework.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do most of my social studies homework over there because my internet here is not that good,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools, libraries and community centers are good options, says the city. As part of a digital inclusion plan, the city is working on outreach efforts to let more people know about them. The city also wants to expand its free Wi-Fi network to places like East San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this is to make certain that everyone who lives in the heart of Silicon Valley can be connected.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Kaying Moua’s farm sits at the end of a road east of Fresno. Winter mornings are chilly here, and the infamous Central Valley fog often settles near the ground early in the morning before burning off as the day heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaying and her husband moved to this 40-acre plot a few years ago, after retiring from Long Beach. They wanted to be closer to their Hmong family and to the outdoors. With more space and free time, Kaying has become an entrepreneur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across her land she has planted moringa, a tree native to India but also found in many other tropical places. Kaying and her son, Sam, have set out to prove that the Central Valley, even with its sometimes freezing winter temperatures, can be a good place to grow moringa. It’s a mother-son project that could have a big payoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/01/SchwartzMoringa.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Kaying-and-Sam-in-greenhouse-1180x662.jpg\" Title=\"Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moringa is a special tree -- it’s fast-growing, drought resistant, doesn’t have special soil needs and is extremely nutritious. Parts of it are often eaten in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/meet-the-moringa-tree-an-overqualified-underachieving-superfood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">under-developed countries as a nutritional supplement\u003c/a> because it’s high in protein, vitamins A and C, iron, calcium and zinc. Recently, the Western health food industry has discovered it, and some are even \u003ca href=\"https://www.vogue.com/article/moringa-new-superfood-to-know\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calling it a new “superfood.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fresh leaves taste a little like arugula and mix easily with other flavors, while the pod and seed taste stronger. When it's ground into a fine powder, good-quality moringa is a brilliant green color and smells a bit like wheatgrass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to pioneer something that’s never been done before,” said Sam Moua. He and his mother have spent years crossbreeding different moringa varietals to find something that can withstand the cold. They’ve also started growing moringa in 18-foot-tall tunnel houses during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644129\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Moringa seeds grow inside pods that grow two to three feet long. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Moringa seeds grow inside pods that can reach 2 to 3 feet. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock. \u003ccite>(Lorena Ramos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re trying to find ways to keep their moringa alive through the winter so they can get a jump-start on the growing season when the weather heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They specialize in moringa because they believe there’s a future in it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that moringa will make a different impact on the nutritious things we can provide local retail stores,” Sam said. The Moua family doesn't use fertilizer or pesticides on their trees, mostly because moringa doesn’t need it. “We’re trying to get back to natural living,” Sam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644131\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Kaying, moringa started as a fun project and became a personal passion. When she moved to the Central Valley from Southern California, where she did electronics assembly, she felt sick all the time. “I didn’t fit this weather at all,” she said. “So I just catch cold and runny nose and allergies all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started eating three moringa seeds every night and says she hasn’t been sick since. And she has found all kinds of creative ways to cook with fresh moringa, using the leaves in salad, the young pods in chicken soup, and frying the white flower in her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mouas, along with other Hmong farmers growing moringa, have been working with farm advisers at Fresno County’s \u003ca href=\"http://smallfarmsfresno.ucanr.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Cooperative Extension\u003c/a> to learn how to dry, powder and store their moringa so they can expand into new markets. Most farmers sell it fresh, but most of the health food craze exists around moringa powder, often imported from India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery columns=\"2\" type=\"rectangular\" ids=\"11644133,11644132,11644141,11644142\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are using it for anything from blood sugar management to keeping their cholesterols at a healthy level,” said Monica Wilson, owner of B-Alive Vitamins, a health food store in Fresno. “It’s very high in antioxidants. It’s considered a superfood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson imports the dried and powdered moringa she sells from India, but she’s interested in switching to a local source if she can. “Traceability of our product is really important, so the closer the better,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Extension program is trying to help bridge the gap between small farmers, many who are Hmong, and business owners like Wilson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Value-added products are a great way for a small family farm to increase their income,” said Ruth Dahlquist-Willard, a small-farm adviser with the program. Many farmers are accustomed to only selling fresh produce. They plant a diverse set of crops in a small area and sell a little bit of everything. Producing a product that requires the extra step of drying, grinding and storing is a whole new world for many of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there's a lot of opportunity there,” Dahlquist-Willard said. She’s particularly excited about how a product might bring the younger generation back to their family farms. Kids who have gone off to college for business, marketing or graphic design might see a new kind of future for themselves on the family farm with a product like moringa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure that the resource that we're producing is a great product,” said Sam Moua. In this mother-son project, he’s the financial brains behind the operation. But Kaying is the chief farmer. Together they hope their innovative ways of growing moringa will not only help them access new markets, but also introduce high-quality moringa to the wider world.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kaying Moua’s farm sits at the end of a road east of Fresno. Winter mornings are chilly here, and the infamous Central Valley fog often settles near the ground early in the morning before burning off as the day heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaying and her husband moved to this 40-acre plot a few years ago, after retiring from Long Beach. They wanted to be closer to their Hmong family and to the outdoors. With more space and free time, Kaying has become an entrepreneur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across her land she has planted moringa, a tree native to India but also found in many other tropical places. Kaying and her son, Sam, have set out to prove that the Central Valley, even with its sometimes freezing winter temperatures, can be a good place to grow moringa. It’s a mother-son project that could have a big payoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moringa is a special tree -- it’s fast-growing, drought resistant, doesn’t have special soil needs and is extremely nutritious. Parts of it are often eaten in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/meet-the-moringa-tree-an-overqualified-underachieving-superfood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">under-developed countries as a nutritional supplement\u003c/a> because it’s high in protein, vitamins A and C, iron, calcium and zinc. Recently, the Western health food industry has discovered it, and some are even \u003ca href=\"https://www.vogue.com/article/moringa-new-superfood-to-know\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calling it a new “superfood.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fresh leaves taste a little like arugula and mix easily with other flavors, while the pod and seed taste stronger. When it's ground into a fine powder, good-quality moringa is a brilliant green color and smells a bit like wheatgrass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to pioneer something that’s never been done before,” said Sam Moua. He and his mother have spent years crossbreeding different moringa varietals to find something that can withstand the cold. They’ve also started growing moringa in 18-foot-tall tunnel houses during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644129\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Moringa seeds grow inside pods that grow two to three feet long. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Moringa seeds grow inside pods that can reach 2 to 3 feet. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock. \u003ccite>(Lorena Ramos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re trying to find ways to keep their moringa alive through the winter so they can get a jump-start on the growing season when the weather heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They specialize in moringa because they believe there’s a future in it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that moringa will make a different impact on the nutritious things we can provide local retail stores,” Sam said. The Moua family doesn't use fertilizer or pesticides on their trees, mostly because moringa doesn’t need it. “We’re trying to get back to natural living,” Sam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644131\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Kaying, moringa started as a fun project and became a personal passion. When she moved to the Central Valley from Southern California, where she did electronics assembly, she felt sick all the time. “I didn’t fit this weather at all,” she said. “So I just catch cold and runny nose and allergies all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started eating three moringa seeds every night and says she hasn’t been sick since. And she has found all kinds of creative ways to cook with fresh moringa, using the leaves in salad, the young pods in chicken soup, and frying the white flower in her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mouas, along with other Hmong farmers growing moringa, have been working with farm advisers at Fresno County’s \u003ca href=\"http://smallfarmsfresno.ucanr.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Cooperative Extension\u003c/a> to learn how to dry, powder and store their moringa so they can expand into new markets. Most farmers sell it fresh, but most of the health food craze exists around moringa powder, often imported from India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are using it for anything from blood sugar management to keeping their cholesterols at a healthy level,” said Monica Wilson, owner of B-Alive Vitamins, a health food store in Fresno. “It’s very high in antioxidants. It’s considered a superfood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson imports the dried and powdered moringa she sells from India, but she’s interested in switching to a local source if she can. “Traceability of our product is really important, so the closer the better,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Extension program is trying to help bridge the gap between small farmers, many who are Hmong, and business owners like Wilson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Value-added products are a great way for a small family farm to increase their income,” said Ruth Dahlquist-Willard, a small-farm adviser with the program. Many farmers are accustomed to only selling fresh produce. They plant a diverse set of crops in a small area and sell a little bit of everything. Producing a product that requires the extra step of drying, grinding and storing is a whole new world for many of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there's a lot of opportunity there,” Dahlquist-Willard said. She’s particularly excited about how a product might bring the younger generation back to their family farms. Kids who have gone off to college for business, marketing or graphic design might see a new kind of future for themselves on the family farm with a product like moringa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure that the resource that we're producing is a great product,” said Sam Moua. In this mother-son project, he’s the financial brains behind the operation. But Kaying is the chief farmer. Together they hope their innovative ways of growing moringa will not only help them access new markets, but also introduce high-quality moringa to the wider world.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "State of the State? Lots Better Than Jerry Brown Found It",
"title": "State of the State? Lots Better Than Jerry Brown Found It",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>No matter what Gov. Jerry Brown says in his final State of the State speech Thursday at the state Capitol, there can be little disagreement that he is leaving his successor a much healthier California than the one he inherited from Arnold Schwarzenegger in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003cem>first\u003c/em> statewide address as governor that year, Brown didn't minimize the challenges ahead. He described the coming legislative session, which he predicted would be \"extraordinarily difficult and wrenching\" as the state grappled with a huge budget deficit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California faces a crisis that is real and unprecedented,\" Brown told assembled legislators and guests, adding that \"kicking the can down the road by not owning an honest budget is simply out of the question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documents.dgs.ca.gov/osp/GovernorsBudget/pdf/Governors_Budget_2011-2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first budget\u003c/a> he signed in June 2011 cut state spending by $15 billion, making changes that helped pave the way for California's economic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"GThLHF5jxub7xsNJcOUXNroeRt7HWgVP\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be sure, the old investment advice \"buy low, sell high\" applies to politics as well. And Jerry Brown did just that, becoming governor when California and the rest of the nation were mired in economic misery. Unless something dramatically changes in the next year, he will have the benefits of a strong economy for pretty much his entire two terms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H.D. Palmer with the state Department of Finance points out that Brown faced a budget deficit of more than $27 billion when he took office for the second time in 2011, having first served as governor from 1975 to '83. His administration will end with a state budget surplus of more than $6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Absent an economic crisis or a natural disaster, the one thing that his successor will be able to enjoy,\" Palmer said, \"is the fact that the budget will be in good shape and that he or she will not have to immediately deal with the kind of budget crisis that Gov. Brown and many of his predecessors had to deal with as their first order of business after swearing their oath.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644069\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11644069\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-800x576.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Brown points to a chart showing dollar amounts in the billions that were cut from the state budget following a bill signing on March 24, 2011.\" width=\"800\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-800x576.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-1020x734.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-1180x849.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-960x691.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-240x173.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-375x270.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-520x374.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Brown points to a chart showing dollar amounts in the billions that were cut from the state budget following a bill signing on March 24, 2011. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Palmer acknowledges the budget surplus isn't entirely Brown's doing. The state's economy has been strong. According to the Department of Finance, non-farm jobs have increased by more than 18 percent during Brown's most recent time in office. Voters also signed off on several tax increases, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_30,_Sales_and_Income_Tax_Increase_(2012)\">Proposition 30 in 2012\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_55,_Extension_of_the_Proposition_30_Income_Tax_Increase_(2016)\">Proposition 55 in 2016\u003c/a>. But, Palmer notes, Brown has learned from the past, when one-time revenues were often committed to ongoing spending, only to be cut when a recession hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The governor doesn't want to make the mistake again,\" Palmer said. \"And so he has been very insistent on making sure that one-time revenues are put aside for things like rainy days and reserves and spending that is not higher and ongoing in nature that would have to be cut back dramatically in the event of an economic downturn.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's tendency toward fiscal restraint is appreciated by Assemblyman Jay Obernolte (R-Hesperia). He serves as vice chair of the Assembly Budget Committee and said Brown has done a good job of reining in the majority-Democrat Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"CzzAk3IxqNbPHFBfSMmyq1wjUU8muWlV\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He is usually one of the few adult voices in the room when it comes to fiscal restraint in spending,\" Obernolte said. \"Although state spending has grown more than I would have liked to have seen it grow in recent years, it is true that he has restrained that level of spending.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Obernolte says Brown's restraint doesn't extend to tax increases. He points to the governor's support for Proposition 30 and the recent hike in the gas tax, for which Brown campaigned hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you look at the fact that California has such a large budget surplus right now, it's evidence that taxes were raised too much,\" Obernolte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Republican consultant Sean Walsh, who worked for Governors Pete Wilson and Arnold Schwarzenegger, says while the state coffers are in better shape, fundamental reforms to stabilize the budget long-term have not happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One percent of the state’s taxpayers pay nearly 50 percent of the state’s taxes,\" Walsh said. \"That is a very mobile class of individuals,\" suggesting the state's high tax rate could push wealthy residents to leave or stay away from California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Brown's legacy -- a concept he resists -- will include a wide range of areas, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Criminal Justice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brown inherited a state prison system that was bulging at the seams and under court order to reduce the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting with AB 109, commonly known as \"realignment,\" Brown started shifting responsibility for many non-serious, nonviolent criminals from the state to counties. Realignment \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/29/five-years-later-many-see-criminal-justice-realignment-as-success/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has worked better than many of its opponents feared it would\u003c/a>, but the jury is still out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also embraced the idea of \"second chances\" for convicted criminals, rejecting the policies of past governors, who regularly reversed parole recommendations for lifers and others who met the criteria for release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"zjmf8EnXPOv68OOojiCYV97pPcMLmHy1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's now \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/05/16/record-numbers-of-states-lifer-inmates-granted-parole/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">relatively rare\u003c/a> for Brown to reverse the Parole Board's decision, although he still does \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-van-houten-parole-reversed-20180119-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on occasion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The in-state prison population has fallen from about 150,000 when Brown took office to just over 130,000 last month. Other reforms were embraced by Brown, including his \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/proposition57/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 57\u003c/a> to reduce prison time for some offenses, which voters passed with 64 percent approval in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full impact of all these changes will take years to determine, and there are already efforts to rein in some of the changes, which critics say are too lenient for some crimes, such as vehicle break-ins.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Courts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since taking office, Brown has appointed more than 450 judges, including three of the Supreme Court's seven members. That's about one-quarter of the sitting judges in California. He still has one more vacancy to fill and says he's taking longer than usual while he \"assesses exactly what the court needs.\" His fourth appointment to the Supreme Court will give him a majority of the justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His appointments are slowly remaking the courts, which have lagged far behind the diversification of California as a whole. As governor, Brown has broken many glass ceilings with his appointments, including the first Hmong-American judge in the United States, the first Latina judge ever in Riverside County and the first openly gay appeals court judge in California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also has appointed far more public defenders and defense attorneys to the bench than his predecessors, adding a different kind of diversity to the bench.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Climate Change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brown was green the first time he was governor in the 1970s and '80s. And in his second eight years, he has once again championed renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He successfully enacted an \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-jerry-brown-climate-change-law-20170725-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">extension\u003c/a> of the state's \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/capandtrade.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It also generates billions of dollars for things like the governor's beloved but troubled high-speed-rail project and other initiatives related to the environment. Brown managed to extend cap and trade until 2030, with two-thirds majorities in the Senate and Assembly, including an impressive number of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"taEzI01lv6zrRJsXYcT86VQMht71NR5B\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And of course the unexpected election of Donald Trump has vaulted Gov. Brown into something of an international celebrity, preaching the imperative of addressing climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one area of Brown's legacy that environmentalists object to is his support of fracking. Activists have dogged him at events from time to time, unsuccessfully pushing him to change his position.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Poverty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brown is often criticized for not doing enough about the state's high poverty levels. But Jessica Bartholow, with the Western Center on Law and Poverty, said he's done more than he gets credit for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While he's been governor the second time, we've seen profound movement in programs serving low-income families, specifically the CalWORKS program,\" Bartholow said. She cites the repeal of the Maximum Family Grant program, which limited aid to babies born while their mothers were on welfare. Bartholow said Brown doesn't come to the table with ideas himself, but dares advocates to bring him proposals he must support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Chad Mayes (R-Yucca Valley) gives Brown more mixed reviews. He notes that, \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/california/statements/2017/jan/20/chad-mayes/true-california-has-nations-highest-poverty-rate-w/\">by some measures\u003c/a>, California has the highest poverty rate in the nation. He cites high housing, food and energy costs as contributors. But he also points to the decline in low-skill, high-paying jobs in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Xg9xGMS8mezYGHQxMje7yiynO9Ljynd5\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While it's true that we have a low unemployment rate here in California currently,\" Mayes said, \"we've got a bunch of folks that are barely able to make ends meet because there's just not enough high-paying jobs here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's administration points to California's earned income tax credit and the local control funding formula for schools as attempts to target spending and tax credits to help the poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is still plenty for the next governor to tackle, not the least of which is the ultimate \"kick the can\" issue: Pension liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that score, \"Governor Brown has tinkered around the edges and added some patches but no systemic and meaningful reform was enacted,\" says Sean Walsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown always resists assessing what his legacy will be, even saying at a recent press conference that \"governors don't have legacies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like it or not, Brown's legacy is extensive -- for better or worse, depending on your point of view -- and it will be much discussed and debated for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Scott Shafer is the co-host of \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/\">Political Breakdown\u003c/a>\u003ci>, a new weekly podcast and radio program on California politics. Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "By most measures, California is far better off today than it was when the governor took office in 2011.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>No matter what Gov. Jerry Brown says in his final State of the State speech Thursday at the state Capitol, there can be little disagreement that he is leaving his successor a much healthier California than the one he inherited from Arnold Schwarzenegger in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003cem>first\u003c/em> statewide address as governor that year, Brown didn't minimize the challenges ahead. He described the coming legislative session, which he predicted would be \"extraordinarily difficult and wrenching\" as the state grappled with a huge budget deficit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"California faces a crisis that is real and unprecedented,\" Brown told assembled legislators and guests, adding that \"kicking the can down the road by not owning an honest budget is simply out of the question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.documents.dgs.ca.gov/osp/GovernorsBudget/pdf/Governors_Budget_2011-2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first budget\u003c/a> he signed in June 2011 cut state spending by $15 billion, making changes that helped pave the way for California's economic recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be sure, the old investment advice \"buy low, sell high\" applies to politics as well. And Jerry Brown did just that, becoming governor when California and the rest of the nation were mired in economic misery. Unless something dramatically changes in the next year, he will have the benefits of a strong economy for pretty much his entire two terms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H.D. Palmer with the state Department of Finance points out that Brown faced a budget deficit of more than $27 billion when he took office for the second time in 2011, having first served as governor from 1975 to '83. His administration will end with a state budget surplus of more than $6 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Absent an economic crisis or a natural disaster, the one thing that his successor will be able to enjoy,\" Palmer said, \"is the fact that the budget will be in good shape and that he or she will not have to immediately deal with the kind of budget crisis that Gov. Brown and many of his predecessors had to deal with as their first order of business after swearing their oath.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644069\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11644069\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-800x576.jpg\" alt=\"Gov. Brown points to a chart showing dollar amounts in the billions that were cut from the state budget following a bill signing on March 24, 2011.\" width=\"800\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-800x576.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-1020x734.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-1180x849.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-960x691.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-240x173.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-375x270.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/BrownBudget2011-520x374.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Brown points to a chart showing dollar amounts in the billions that were cut from the state budget following a bill signing on March 24, 2011. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Palmer acknowledges the budget surplus isn't entirely Brown's doing. The state's economy has been strong. According to the Department of Finance, non-farm jobs have increased by more than 18 percent during Brown's most recent time in office. Voters also signed off on several tax increases, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_30,_Sales_and_Income_Tax_Increase_(2012)\">Proposition 30 in 2012\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_55,_Extension_of_the_Proposition_30_Income_Tax_Increase_(2016)\">Proposition 55 in 2016\u003c/a>. But, Palmer notes, Brown has learned from the past, when one-time revenues were often committed to ongoing spending, only to be cut when a recession hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The governor doesn't want to make the mistake again,\" Palmer said. \"And so he has been very insistent on making sure that one-time revenues are put aside for things like rainy days and reserves and spending that is not higher and ongoing in nature that would have to be cut back dramatically in the event of an economic downturn.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's tendency toward fiscal restraint is appreciated by Assemblyman Jay Obernolte (R-Hesperia). He serves as vice chair of the Assembly Budget Committee and said Brown has done a good job of reining in the majority-Democrat Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He is usually one of the few adult voices in the room when it comes to fiscal restraint in spending,\" Obernolte said. \"Although state spending has grown more than I would have liked to have seen it grow in recent years, it is true that he has restrained that level of spending.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Obernolte says Brown's restraint doesn't extend to tax increases. He points to the governor's support for Proposition 30 and the recent hike in the gas tax, for which Brown campaigned hard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you look at the fact that California has such a large budget surplus right now, it's evidence that taxes were raised too much,\" Obernolte said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Republican consultant Sean Walsh, who worked for Governors Pete Wilson and Arnold Schwarzenegger, says while the state coffers are in better shape, fundamental reforms to stabilize the budget long-term have not happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One percent of the state’s taxpayers pay nearly 50 percent of the state’s taxes,\" Walsh said. \"That is a very mobile class of individuals,\" suggesting the state's high tax rate could push wealthy residents to leave or stay away from California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Brown's legacy -- a concept he resists -- will include a wide range of areas, including:\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Criminal Justice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brown inherited a state prison system that was bulging at the seams and under court order to reduce the population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting with AB 109, commonly known as \"realignment,\" Brown started shifting responsibility for many non-serious, nonviolent criminals from the state to counties. Realignment \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/29/five-years-later-many-see-criminal-justice-realignment-as-success/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has worked better than many of its opponents feared it would\u003c/a>, but the jury is still out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also embraced the idea of \"second chances\" for convicted criminals, rejecting the policies of past governors, who regularly reversed parole recommendations for lifers and others who met the criteria for release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's now \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/05/16/record-numbers-of-states-lifer-inmates-granted-parole/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">relatively rare\u003c/a> for Brown to reverse the Parole Board's decision, although he still does \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-van-houten-parole-reversed-20180119-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">on occasion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The in-state prison population has fallen from about 150,000 when Brown took office to just over 130,000 last month. Other reforms were embraced by Brown, including his \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/proposition57/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 57\u003c/a> to reduce prison time for some offenses, which voters passed with 64 percent approval in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The full impact of all these changes will take years to determine, and there are already efforts to rein in some of the changes, which critics say are too lenient for some crimes, such as vehicle break-ins.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Courts\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Since taking office, Brown has appointed more than 450 judges, including three of the Supreme Court's seven members. That's about one-quarter of the sitting judges in California. He still has one more vacancy to fill and says he's taking longer than usual while he \"assesses exactly what the court needs.\" His fourth appointment to the Supreme Court will give him a majority of the justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His appointments are slowly remaking the courts, which have lagged far behind the diversification of California as a whole. As governor, Brown has broken many glass ceilings with his appointments, including the first Hmong-American judge in the United States, the first Latina judge ever in Riverside County and the first openly gay appeals court judge in California history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also has appointed far more public defenders and defense attorneys to the bench than his predecessors, adding a different kind of diversity to the bench.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Climate Change\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brown was green the first time he was governor in the 1970s and '80s. And in his second eight years, he has once again championed renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He successfully enacted an \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-jerry-brown-climate-change-law-20170725-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">extension\u003c/a> of the state's \u003ca href=\"https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/capandtrade/capandtrade.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a> to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It also generates billions of dollars for things like the governor's beloved but troubled high-speed-rail project and other initiatives related to the environment. Brown managed to extend cap and trade until 2030, with two-thirds majorities in the Senate and Assembly, including an impressive number of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And of course the unexpected election of Donald Trump has vaulted Gov. Brown into something of an international celebrity, preaching the imperative of addressing climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one area of Brown's legacy that environmentalists object to is his support of fracking. Activists have dogged him at events from time to time, unsuccessfully pushing him to change his position.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Poverty\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Brown is often criticized for not doing enough about the state's high poverty levels. But Jessica Bartholow, with the Western Center on Law and Poverty, said he's done more than he gets credit for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While he's been governor the second time, we've seen profound movement in programs serving low-income families, specifically the CalWORKS program,\" Bartholow said. She cites the repeal of the Maximum Family Grant program, which limited aid to babies born while their mothers were on welfare. Bartholow said Brown doesn't come to the table with ideas himself, but dares advocates to bring him proposals he must support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Chad Mayes (R-Yucca Valley) gives Brown more mixed reviews. He notes that, \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/california/statements/2017/jan/20/chad-mayes/true-california-has-nations-highest-poverty-rate-w/\">by some measures\u003c/a>, California has the highest poverty rate in the nation. He cites high housing, food and energy costs as contributors. But he also points to the decline in low-skill, high-paying jobs in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While it's true that we have a low unemployment rate here in California currently,\" Mayes said, \"we've got a bunch of folks that are barely able to make ends meet because there's just not enough high-paying jobs here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown's administration points to California's earned income tax credit and the local control funding formula for schools as attempts to target spending and tax credits to help the poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is still plenty for the next governor to tackle, not the least of which is the ultimate \"kick the can\" issue: Pension liabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On that score, \"Governor Brown has tinkered around the edges and added some patches but no systemic and meaningful reform was enacted,\" says Sean Walsh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown always resists assessing what his legacy will be, even saying at a recent press conference that \"governors don't have legacies.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But like it or not, Brown's legacy is extensive -- for better or worse, depending on your point of view -- and it will be much discussed and debated for years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Scott Shafer is the co-host of \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/\">Political Breakdown\u003c/a>\u003ci>, a new weekly podcast and radio program on California politics. Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087?mt=2\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Maybe you’ve heard people say it: “I don’t use Uber, I take Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, a boycott of Uber is a way to protest the company for a variety of reasons, including sexual harassment scandals, and the behavior of its former CEO. While Uber still dominates the ride-hailing business, Lyft has been making up ground, in part by appealing to progressives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of 2017, Uber controlled some 83 percent of the U.S. ride-hailing market. This is according to TXN Solutions, a research firm that gathers data on ride-hailing companies. But Uber’s overwhelming dominance of the market began to change one night at JFK airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last January, protesters rallied against President Trump’s plan to ban travel to the U.S. from a number of Muslin-majority countries. In solidarity, taxi drivers stopped service to JFK. Uber did not, and people accused the company of breaking the taxi strike. Users began deleting their Uber accounts and posting about it on social media with the hashtag “DeleteUber.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight.’ \u003ccite>Jonathan Wolf, CEO of TXN Solutions\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Wolf is CEO of research firm TXN Solutions. “Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf said Uber’s slide continued all year, fueled by things like \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/8/20/16164176/uber-2017-timeline-scandal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual harassment scandals\u003c/a> at the company and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vW50dnWVfGU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video of founder and former CEO Travis Kalanick berating a driver\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Uber’s missteps really started consumers thinking about what company they wanted to be associated with,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Uber slipped, Lyft gained. Messages posted on social media explicitly documented how people were dumping Uber for Lyft. “Goodbye Uber, Hello Lyft” became a thing on Twitter. Celebrities like Susan Sarandon fueled the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/SusanSarandon/status/826107141660487680\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to TXN, Lyft’s U.S. market share grew from about 17 percent to around 26 percent during 2017. (Lyft has a slightly higher estimate of its current market share, putting it at at 33 percent). Wolf said Lyft made especially large gains in liberal cities like San Francisco and places with universities like Austin and Ann Arbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Lyft’s growth comes from its expansion into a bunch of new markets over the last year. But University of San Francisco marketing professor Bhavya Mohan said Lyft is also attracting users because its brand appeals to liberals more than Uber’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of those cases where you have identical services practically, but such different brands,” Mohan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber started as a more elite, luxury service, and Mohan said the brand still conveys that with its sleek black logo and German name. Lyft has always cast itself as the friendlier, less aggressive alternative. It used to encourage passengers to sit in the front seat and fist bump drivers. Mohan said even the Lyft logo — with its curved lines, friendly font and pink color — seems to say, “Hey, we’re the nice guys.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Uber was committing a series of political PR mistakes last year, Lyft made moves that appealed to progressives. It pledged to donate $1 million to the ACLU, and it developed an ad campaign about making the “right choices.” Actor Jeff Bridges stars in one of the ads. It’s Oregon Trail-themed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TbqOldR0kN0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While riding on a wagon, Bridges tells his driver, “You can choose to ride with the right people, doing things for the right reasons, you’ll always end up in the right place, or you can choose poorly.” Bridges ends the scene with the tagline for the new advertising campaign: “It matters how you get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melissa Waters, Lyft’s vice president of marketing, said, “‘It matters how you get there’ is the tagline we were using in a lot of our work this year to signify that we are a company that cares a lot about our values and cares a lot about doing things the right way.” Waters said Lyft wanted to make consumers “feel great” about choosing Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal is a professor of law at UC Hastings who does research on gig workers. Dubal said that publicly choosing Lyft over Uber has become a way for people to signal that they stand for progressive values. She, for one, does not buy Lyft’s “right choice” marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, UC Hastings law professor \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same,” Dubal said. She critiques both Lyft and Uber for the relationship they have to their drivers, who she says are getting a raw deal at either company. Both Uber and Lyft flood the road with cars, which keeps the price of a ride and driver earnings low. Plus, as contractors, the drivers do not have job protections or benefits. The companies have \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/03/lyft-agrees-to-pay-27-million-to-settle-driver-classification-lawsuit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">both been sued\u003c/a> for classifying their drivers as contractors instead of employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have this company that is capitalizing off of exploitation, but it’s shielding itself with this liberal image of being for civil rights,” Dubal said of Lyft. She added that “labor rights are civil rights and that’s sort of what’s getting lost in the way that people understand and use Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said Lyft’s good-guy branding makes it easier for progressives to overlook potential labor issues when they want a ride. Liberals, she said, “are not really willing to take the big step which is to actually use a regulated taxi, where there is some semblance of wage security, regulation and limited labor rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is ironic, Dubal pointed out, because it was taxi drivers who sparked the whole #DeleteUber movement by going on strike at JFK Airport. Lyft, like Uber, continued to run rides to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the Lyft-Uber story is indicative of a larger trend: that progressive movements based around things like race, gender equality and immigration have become separated from issues of class and labor.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Maybe you’ve heard people say it: “I don’t use Uber, I take Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, a boycott of Uber is a way to protest the company for a variety of reasons, including sexual harassment scandals, and the behavior of its former CEO. While Uber still dominates the ride-hailing business, Lyft has been making up ground, in part by appealing to progressives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of 2017, Uber controlled some 83 percent of the U.S. ride-hailing market. This is according to TXN Solutions, a research firm that gathers data on ride-hailing companies. But Uber’s overwhelming dominance of the market began to change one night at JFK airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last January, protesters rallied against President Trump’s plan to ban travel to the U.S. from a number of Muslin-majority countries. In solidarity, taxi drivers stopped service to JFK. Uber did not, and people accused the company of breaking the taxi strike. Users began deleting their Uber accounts and posting about it on social media with the hashtag “DeleteUber.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight.’ \u003ccite>Jonathan Wolf, CEO of TXN Solutions\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Wolf is CEO of research firm TXN Solutions. “Uber’s problems started literally almost overnight,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf said Uber’s slide continued all year, fueled by things like \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/8/20/16164176/uber-2017-timeline-scandal\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual harassment scandals\u003c/a> at the company and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vW50dnWVfGU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">video of founder and former CEO Travis Kalanick berating a driver\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Uber’s missteps really started consumers thinking about what company they wanted to be associated with,” Wolf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Uber slipped, Lyft gained. Messages posted on social media explicitly documented how people were dumping Uber for Lyft. “Goodbye Uber, Hello Lyft” became a thing on Twitter. Celebrities like Susan Sarandon fueled the fire.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>According to TXN, Lyft’s U.S. market share grew from about 17 percent to around 26 percent during 2017. (Lyft has a slightly higher estimate of its current market share, putting it at at 33 percent). Wolf said Lyft made especially large gains in liberal cities like San Francisco and places with universities like Austin and Ann Arbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Lyft’s growth comes from its expansion into a bunch of new markets over the last year. But University of San Francisco marketing professor Bhavya Mohan said Lyft is also attracting users because its brand appeals to liberals more than Uber’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of those cases where you have identical services practically, but such different brands,” Mohan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber started as a more elite, luxury service, and Mohan said the brand still conveys that with its sleek black logo and German name. Lyft has always cast itself as the friendlier, less aggressive alternative. It used to encourage passengers to sit in the front seat and fist bump drivers. Mohan said even the Lyft logo — with its curved lines, friendly font and pink color — seems to say, “Hey, we’re the nice guys.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Uber was committing a series of political PR mistakes last year, Lyft made moves that appealed to progressives. It pledged to donate $1 million to the ACLU, and it developed an ad campaign about making the “right choices.” Actor Jeff Bridges stars in one of the ads. It’s Oregon Trail-themed.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/TbqOldR0kN0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/TbqOldR0kN0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>While riding on a wagon, Bridges tells his driver, “You can choose to ride with the right people, doing things for the right reasons, you’ll always end up in the right place, or you can choose poorly.” Bridges ends the scene with the tagline for the new advertising campaign: “It matters how you get there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Melissa Waters, Lyft’s vice president of marketing, said, “‘It matters how you get there’ is the tagline we were using in a lot of our work this year to signify that we are a company that cares a lot about our values and cares a lot about doing things the right way.” Waters said Lyft wanted to make consumers “feel great” about choosing Lyft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal is a professor of law at UC Hastings who does research on gig workers. Dubal said that publicly choosing Lyft over Uber has become a way for people to signal that they stand for progressive values. She, for one, does not buy Lyft’s “right choice” marketing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, UC Hastings law professor \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I think that Lyft and Uber are substantially the same,” Dubal said. She critiques both Lyft and Uber for the relationship they have to their drivers, who she says are getting a raw deal at either company. Both Uber and Lyft flood the road with cars, which keeps the price of a ride and driver earnings low. Plus, as contractors, the drivers do not have job protections or benefits. The companies have \u003ca href=\"https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/03/lyft-agrees-to-pay-27-million-to-settle-driver-classification-lawsuit/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">both been sued\u003c/a> for classifying their drivers as contractors instead of employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have this company that is capitalizing off of exploitation, but it’s shielding itself with this liberal image of being for civil rights,” Dubal said of Lyft. She added that “labor rights are civil rights and that’s sort of what’s getting lost in the way that people understand and use Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said Lyft’s good-guy branding makes it easier for progressives to overlook potential labor issues when they want a ride. Liberals, she said, “are not really willing to take the big step which is to actually use a regulated taxi, where there is some semblance of wage security, regulation and limited labor rights.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is ironic, Dubal pointed out, because it was taxi drivers who sparked the whole #DeleteUber movement by going on strike at JFK Airport. Lyft, like Uber, continued to run rides to the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the Lyft-Uber story is indicative of a larger trend: that progressive movements based around things like race, gender equality and immigration have become separated from issues of class and labor.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>From DACA legislation to disaster relief, \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/fioredeal\">there is a lot on Congress' plate\u003c/a> between now and Feb. 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump says \"nobody knows\" if a deal is possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/955806333667807232?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fww2.kqed.org%2Fnews%2F2018%2F01%2F23%2Ftrump-says-nobody-knows-if-an-immigration-deal-can-happen%2F\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a very good chance that Democrats and Republicans will be at another impasse when the current stopgap spending bill expires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"soldout": {
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