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"content": "\u003cp>For \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/caltrain\">Caltrain\u003c/a>, its recent deal to sell 19 vintage diesel locomotives and 90 well-used passenger cars to an overseas city that will use them for a badly needed commuter train line is nothing but good news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone sees it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Dave Cortese (D–San José) said sending the fossil-fuel-burning engines to Peru is just shifting pollution and greenhouse emissions from one place to another and shouldn’t be allowed. To prevent it from happening again, he’s introduced \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB30\">a bill\u003c/a> to block similar transfers in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrain, which launched its all-new electric fleet this year, will soon send its 1980s-era rolling stock to be lifted aboard cargo ships in the Bay Area for a trip to Peru, where the equipment will go to work carrying passengers \u003ca href=\"https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/caltrain-equipment-will-be-used-to-launch-new-commuter-operation-in-peru/\">between the Lima suburbs of Callao and Chosica\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Sargent, Caltrain’s director of strategy and policy, said the deal gives new life to equipment that would otherwise be scrapped while also promising to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by giving people an alternative to personal vehicles in a traffic-choked city of 10 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really just step one towards transit being a tool for environmental sustainability down there,” Sargent said. “We love the idea that we’re going to get to move more people going into the future with the equipment that we lovingly maintained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11336508\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 733px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11336508\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"733\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM.png 733w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-160x101.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-240x152.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-375x237.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-520x329.png 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Caltrain’s modernized electric trains began service in 2021. The system — a vital commuter rail link between San Francisco, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties — carries about 65,000 riders a day. \u003ccite>(Image courtesy of Caltrain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017428/polluted-communities-hold-their-breath-as-companies-struggle-with-californias-diesel-truck-ban\">Diesel engines\u003c/a>, however, are a target of environmental advocates because they produce high levels of particulate pollution that has been implicated in a wide range of respiratory and circulatory diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People living near freeways, rail lines, ports and other major producers of diesel pollution suffer a much higher incidence of illnesses like asthma and various forms of heart disease than those who live farther from those sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12017428 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_08-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cortese is among dozens of Bay Area officials who have signed the “\u003ca href=\"https://dieselfree33.baaqmd.gov/\">Diesel Free by ’33\u003c/a>” pledge, a Bay Area Air Quality Management District campaign that aims to reduce diesel emissions “throughout California and beyond.” He said legislators need to “make sure that we’re not exporting the problem outside our state boundaries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California rail agencies that could be affected by his bill include Altamont Corridor Express (ACE) and Amtrak California, which operates the Capitol Corridor, San Joaquin, Metrolink and Surfliner routes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been a big proponent of climate restoration, getting back to pre-industrial levels of carbon in our atmosphere, and they’re not going to do that by swapping out diesel from one area to another, from the Bay Area to Peru or to Arizona or to someplace [with] lax standards just because they’re going to give you a check,” Cortese said. “To me, that’s selling out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sargent said the environmental issues Cortese raised were top of mind when Caltrain considered the deal with Peru. He adds that those concerns prompted the U.S. State Department and Commerce Department to support the $6 million sale. The transaction also required and received approval from the air district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was in large part because of the environmental benefits of getting people out of their cars,” Sargent said. Those benefits include removing as much as 20,000 metric tons of carbon emissions from Lima’s air every day when the new train service goes into service next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City transportation officials say the 25-mile Callao-Chosica line will carry about 200,000 passengers a day — more than the current ridership of every California transit agency except L.A. Metro and San Francisco Muni.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "San José Sen. Dave Cortese introduced a bill to block such transfers, saying that sending the fossil-fuel-burning engines abroad is just shifting pollution from one place to another.",
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"title": "Caltrain Is Sending Its Old Diesel Fleet to Peru. One State Lawmaker Is Not Happy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/caltrain\">Caltrain\u003c/a>, its recent deal to sell 19 vintage diesel locomotives and 90 well-used passenger cars to an overseas city that will use them for a badly needed commuter train line is nothing but good news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not everyone sees it that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Dave Cortese (D–San José) said sending the fossil-fuel-burning engines to Peru is just shifting pollution and greenhouse emissions from one place to another and shouldn’t be allowed. To prevent it from happening again, he’s introduced \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB30\">a bill\u003c/a> to block similar transfers in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caltrain, which launched its all-new electric fleet this year, will soon send its 1980s-era rolling stock to be lifted aboard cargo ships in the Bay Area for a trip to Peru, where the equipment will go to work carrying passengers \u003ca href=\"https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/caltrain-equipment-will-be-used-to-launch-new-commuter-operation-in-peru/\">between the Lima suburbs of Callao and Chosica\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Sargent, Caltrain’s director of strategy and policy, said the deal gives new life to equipment that would otherwise be scrapped while also promising to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by giving people an alternative to personal vehicles in a traffic-choked city of 10 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really just step one towards transit being a tool for environmental sustainability down there,” Sargent said. “We love the idea that we’re going to get to move more people going into the future with the equipment that we lovingly maintained.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11336508\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 733px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11336508\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"733\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM.png 733w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-160x101.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-240x152.png 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-375x237.png 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-26-at-12.34.20-PM-520x329.png 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Caltrain’s modernized electric trains began service in 2021. The system — a vital commuter rail link between San Francisco, San Mateo and Santa Clara counties — carries about 65,000 riders a day. \u003ccite>(Image courtesy of Caltrain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12017428/polluted-communities-hold-their-breath-as-companies-struggle-with-californias-diesel-truck-ban\">Diesel engines\u003c/a>, however, are a target of environmental advocates because they produce high levels of particulate pollution that has been implicated in a wide range of respiratory and circulatory diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People living near freeways, rail lines, ports and other major producers of diesel pollution suffer a much higher incidence of illnesses like asthma and various forms of heart disease than those who live farther from those sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cortese is among dozens of Bay Area officials who have signed the “\u003ca href=\"https://dieselfree33.baaqmd.gov/\">Diesel Free by ’33\u003c/a>” pledge, a Bay Area Air Quality Management District campaign that aims to reduce diesel emissions “throughout California and beyond.” He said legislators need to “make sure that we’re not exporting the problem outside our state boundaries.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California rail agencies that could be affected by his bill include Altamont Corridor Express (ACE) and Amtrak California, which operates the Capitol Corridor, San Joaquin, Metrolink and Surfliner routes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been a big proponent of climate restoration, getting back to pre-industrial levels of carbon in our atmosphere, and they’re not going to do that by swapping out diesel from one area to another, from the Bay Area to Peru or to Arizona or to someplace [with] lax standards just because they’re going to give you a check,” Cortese said. “To me, that’s selling out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sargent said the environmental issues Cortese raised were top of mind when Caltrain considered the deal with Peru. He adds that those concerns prompted the U.S. State Department and Commerce Department to support the $6 million sale. The transaction also required and received approval from the air district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was in large part because of the environmental benefits of getting people out of their cars,” Sargent said. Those benefits include removing as much as 20,000 metric tons of carbon emissions from Lima’s air every day when the new train service goes into service next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City transportation officials say the 25-mile Callao-Chosica line will carry about 200,000 passengers a day — more than the current ridership of every California transit agency except L.A. Metro and San Francisco Muni.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Polluted Communities Hold Their Breath as Companies Struggle With California’s Diesel Truck Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>Standing in his front yard in Wilmington, Jose Ulloa can’t get a sentence out without coughing. Heavy-duty trucks, headed to and from the Port of Los Angeles, pass in front of his home all day, their engines roaring and their exhaust spewing into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ulloa, who was diagnosed with asthma a few years ago, suffers frequent breathing problems and was hospitalized after one attack. The truck traffic is likely a trigger since health officials say diesel exhaust is known to cause \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/overview-diesel-exhaust-and-health\">asthma attacks and other respiratory problems\u003c/a>, including lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parade of big rigs in his neighborhood started four years ago after a series of traffic pattern changes altered their route.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imelda, his wife, sweeps the yard and cleans the home nonstop, but black dust still collects on every surface of their home within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you blow your nose, black dust will come out,” she said. “It’s a terrible life living here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, Mashhoor Alammari, who runs a small fleet of drayage trucks that haul cargo to and from the port, wants to do his part to help clean the air of dangerous diesel exhaust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His company, The Crew Transportation, Inc., bought two new zero-emission big rigs at a cost of more than $900,000. But the trucks, powered by hydrogen fuel cells, are expensive to operate and there are few if any fueling stations along their routes. The new trucks have been sitting in the parking lot most of the time since he bought them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to put myself into a financial hole,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experiences of the Wilmington family and the Oakland truck company illustrate the frustrations and obstacles that Californians face as state officials pursue an aggressive and controversial mandate to clean the air by phasing out diesel-powered big rigs and other trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s mandate, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2023/04/california-phases-out-diesel-trucks/\">approved by the Air Resources Board last year\u003c/a>, is the first in the world to ban new diesel trucks and require a switch to zero-emission vehicles, which are powered by electricity or hydrogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/advanced-clean-fleets-regulation-overview\">face varying deadlines\u003c/a> for ending their use of diesel, which for decades has been an efficient powerhouse fueling the economy and transport of goods. Starting in 2036, no new fossil-fueled medium-duty and heavy-duty trucks can be sold in California, and by 2042, large companies must convert their trucks to zero-emission models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trucking industry said the regulation is unreasonable and will wreak havoc on the economy, making it difficult to make long-haul shipments. The California Trucking Association and a collective of 17 states, including Nebraska, Alabama and New Mexico, \u003ca href=\"https://environmentalenergybrief.sidley.com/2024/05/23/17-states-file-complaint-challenging-constitutionality-of-californias-advanced-clean-fleets-regulation/\">have sued the state\u003c/a>, alleging the rule oversteps state power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017438\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017438\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14.jpg\" alt=\"A large white truck in the foreground with big shipping containers in the background.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Commercial trucks pass by a warehouse in front of a residential neighborhood along Drumm Avenue in the Wilmington neighborhood of Los Angeles on Dec. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From big rigs to garbage trucks and delivery vans, the rules will dramatically change the 1.8 million commercial trucks driven on California’s roads over the next two decades. Sales already are accelerating even though no deadlines have kicked in yet. Last year, one out of every six trucks sold in the state — more than 18,000 — were zero emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s mandate is in flux because the state still needs a waiver from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency before it can start enforcing them. President-elect Donald Trump has criticized California’s electric car mandates and in the past tried to revoke the state’s authority to set its own vehicle standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One deadline already has passed: All new drayage trucks, which are used to haul containers from ports, were supposed to be zero emissions by last October. But that deadline is not yet being enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Truck companies like Alammari’s that took a risk to be early adopters of clean trucks are now in limbo, swallowing high operating costs and competing with cheaper diesel-only companies in an already struggling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, California’s most vulnerable residents who live near roads with heavy diesel truck traffic may have to wait longer for a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The dangers of diesel\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Diesel trucks are among the state’s biggest sources of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2024/02/california-new-soot-standards/\">microscopic particles of soot\u003c/a>, which can damage lungs and trigger asthma attacks and heart attacks. They also play an outsized role in California’s smog: While they make up just 6% of all vehicles on California’s roads, they are responsible for 72% of nitrogen oxides, a key ingredient of smog, emitted by on-road vehicles, according to the air board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, health officials declared diesel exhaust, which contains dozens of toxic gases, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.iarc.who.int/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/pr213_E.pdf\">human carcinogen (PDF.)\u003c/a> several decades ago because of studies linking it to lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Los Angeles basin, diesel exhaust is responsible for more than two-thirds of the cancer risk posed by air pollution, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">a risk analysis by the South Coast Air Quality Management District\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest dangers from diesels are in communities near high-traffic corridors. People near the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, downtown Los Angeles and parts of the Inland Empire are at risk of 350 to 500 cancer cases per million people because of diesel fumes, according to the analysis. That risk has dropped substantially in recent years as trucks get cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825555\" src=\"https://i0.wp.com/datawrapper.dwcdn.net/PKart/full.png?w=780&ssl=1\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s clean truck rule is \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/barcu/regact/2022/acf22/isor2.pdf\">expected through 2050 to save $26.5 billion (PDF.)\u003c/a> in statewide health costs and save fleet owners $48 billion through reduced fuel and maintenance costs, according to the air board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health benefits from eliminating the pollution (from diesel trucks) far exceed any cost the industry will bear,” said Adrian Martinez, an attorney for environmental group Earthjustice. “Trucking lobbyists and other folks are super loud and they’re going to focus on the difficulties of the transition. But millions of Californians affected by pollution from the freight industry is not acceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Lots of obstacles for emissions-free trucking\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But a lack of fast, reliable charging stations and the vehicles’ limited ranges makes it difficult, even impossible, for trucks to transport goods long distances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric heavy-duty trucks have ranges up to 250 miles, while hydrogen-powered ones can drive about 500 miles on a full tank. They can use the same public fast chargers as cars, but that’s impractical because they take up too much space and charging can take up to six hours. For hydrogen, only 22 fueling stations for large trucks are operating or in development statewide, according to the California Energy Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battery-powered trucks also are heavy, which means they can carry less cargo. As a result, companies have to charge more, which shippers aren’t usually willing to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry also points to the substantial investment that is needed to expand the electric grid’s capacity to eventually charge thousands of battery-powered trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s opposed” to cleaner air, said Matt Schrap head of the Harbor Trucking Association, which represents drayage truck companies. “It is about practical application and implementation of these rules. We have nowhere near enough infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board’s mandate “is the epitome of ready, fire, aim,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air board officials stress that truck companies have time and flexible options to comply, and the state is working to \u003ca href=\"https://calfleetadvisor.org/who-we-are/\">help them understand and comply with the complex rules\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are worried, I get it. But (the deadline) is not tomorrow,” said Bruce Tuter, who oversees compliance and outreach at the air board. “Charging times, charging speeds, all of that needs to start building up where it gets quicker to charge a truck and where it’s more accessible to charge when you’re traveling long distances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alammari, the truck company owner from Oakland, said he bought his two hydrogen trucks because he had interest from a shipping company that wanted to work with zero-emission vehicles. The profits Alammari would have made working with that company would have justified the added costs of operating a hydrogen fuel cell truck, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the last minute, however, the company chose to work with someone else. Without any customers willing to pay more to ship with his hydrogen trucks, he can’t use them. He’s doing his best to transition his entire fleet to zero-emission vehicles. He had even ordered three more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with help from state grants, Alammari said it’s not enough to help him operate the zero-emission vehicles or buy more of them. He pays substantially more for insuring them, and it costs twice as much to fully fuel them with hydrogen compared to a diesel, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without companies willing to ship goods with zero-emission vehicles, early adopters of the technology, like his company, The Crew Transportation, Inc., are at a disadvantage until the mandate makes everyone comply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I don’t get customers to use these trucks, The Crew Transportation is not going to move forward to get the three remaining hydrogen trucks we ordered,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air board officials created the most stringent deadlines for drayage trucks partly because they travel near the most vulnerable communities — the low-income communities of color around the ports. They also tend to make shorter trips compared to other heavy-duty trucks, and ports are equipped with some fueling and charging stations, air board officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some companies that operate drayage trucks near disadvantaged communities may qualify for state grants of up to $336,000 toward the cost of a new hydrogen or electric truck. Under the regulation, they are able to keep their diesel trucks until they reach 800,000 miles or 18 years, whichever is earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, based on how many miles are already on his trucks, Alammari expects them to be unusable by 2028 under the mandate. As he sees it, the future of the company he’s worked so hard to build is at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017441\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg\" alt='Two images, on the left a man appears to be filling up a tank and on the right the words \"Hydrogen Fleet.\"' width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First: Khari Burton of IMC Logistics demonstrates how to charge a zero-emissions big rig. Last: A hydrogen-powered truck at IMC headquarters in Compton. \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the Los Angeles area, Sandra Espinioza, a truck driver for IMC Logistics, drives seven miles between Lomita and Torrance several times a day before powering up at the WattEV charging station in Long Beach. It’s a short and easy work route that makes it easy for a battery-powered truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re really quiet, and a really smooth drive,” she said. “You don’t smell the fumes. When it’s (charged) 100%, you’re gonna be able to go through your day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the state’s truck fleets are considered “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/advanced-clean-fleets-regulation-high-priority-and-federal-fleets-overview\">high priority\u003c/a>” — federal fleets, such as the post office, and companies with at least one vehicle in California and $50 million or more in gross annual revenue or 50 or more vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These large operators have two ways to comply. Most are choosing a phase-in option. Under that option, smaller vehicles, such as UPS or Amazon delivery vans and box trucks, must be 100% zero emissions by 2035. But long-distance, heavy-duty trucks get more time to comply: 10% must be zero emissions by 2030 and 100% by 2042.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825555\" src=\"https://i0.wp.com/datawrapper.dwcdn.net/dIQue/full.png?w=780&ssl=1\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Gillis, president of Compton-based IMC Logistics’ Pacific region, said the air board’s deadlines are so aggressive that it poses challenges to even large companies like his. His company has 319 diesel trucks, 50 hydrogen fuel cell trucks and six electric trucks in California. Installing a handful of charging stations at its headquarters was an investment of hundreds of thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gillis said trucking companies essentially are conducting research and development with these zero-emission technologies. The new trucks have frequent recalls and can make hauls more expensive. Battery-powered trucks have to be used for shorter trips because of their limited range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gillis said the federal government’s delay in approving a waiver for California’s truck rule doesn’t help his company, since it already bought the clean trucks and has to compete with other companies. But he said IMC is large enough that it can absorb the costs without much consequence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric and hydrogen trucks are the future, Gillis said, adding that large companies like his have a responsibility to show the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to do it now,” Gillis said. “The more we try to delay this, it’s just going to be more painful down the road. Every mile that I put on a hydrogen truck today is going to benefit somebody down the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘A literal case of life and death’ in communities\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As fleet owners struggle with the transition to clean fuels, families near freeways and ports throughout California suffer the consequences of inhaling toxic fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ulloa looks out of his bedroom window toward Drumm Avenue in Wilmington and sees diesel trucks hauling cargo from the Port of Los Angeles lined up on his street. To feel any relief, he confines himself in this room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he’s at work in Costa Mesa, his asthma symptoms don’t bother him. But he said his coughing starts as soon as he’s home. Last year, during Thanksgiving dinner, he was hospitalized for three days before his asthma could be stabilized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as I get home from work the smell of diesel fumes and the dirt makes me cough,” Jose said. “I have to lock myself in my room with my air purifier and humidifier on. As soon as I go outside, I start coughing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017445\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017445\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11.jpg\" alt=\"A man with a hat uses an inhaler while sitting on a bed.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jose Ulloa inhales from a medical vaporizer at his home in the Wilmington neighborhood of Los Angeles where commercial trucks pass by in numbers. Dec. 2, 2024. Photo by Carlin Stiehl for CalMatters \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family has lived there for almost 30 years, long before the trucks serving the port started coming through their neighborhood. Antonio Ulloa, Jose and Imelda’s son remembers being a child and playing with other kids in the street. They’d play tag, skateboard and shoot basketballs into a hoop set up on the street, without any fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, at 31, Antonio sees no kids outside. Families keep their children indoors and shut all the windows to keep the pollution and noise out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Antonio’s nephew visits the family home, just a few hours playing in the front yard will give him nosebleeds. “It’s depressing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilmington has long been known as one of the areas most affected by the air pollution. Community members report allergies, nosebleeds and the need for supplemental oxygen. About 12% of children in Wilmington have been diagnosed with asthma as of 2023, according to data from the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People living near the ports of LA and Long Beach breathe the highest concentrations of diesel exhaust in the Los Angeles basin, which raises their risk of lung cancer. Out of every million people chronically exposed to diesel fumes in West Long Beach, \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">more than 350 people could contract cancer (PDF.)\u003c/a>, according to South Coast Air Quality Management District analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a literal case of life and death for a lot of our community members and our loved ones,” said Paola Vargas, a Carson resident and organizer with nonprofit East Yard Communities for Environmental Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every day matters. Every day we don’t have those (truck emissions) rules and they aren’t passed is a day wasted and a day of harmful impacts for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017442\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017442\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside.jpg\" alt='Two images, the first shows several trucks lined up in a row and the second shows a dog peaking out of a window with bars with a sign underneath saying \"No more trucks, pollution, excessive noise.\"' width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First: Diesel trucks pass in front of homes on Drumm Avenue in Wilmington. Last: A sign under Jose Ulloa’s window in Wilmington protests the truck traffic. \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Irvine researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920923000135\">reported last year\u003c/a> that even considering new vehicle technology and the state mandate, heavy-duty drayage trucks will still cause an estimated 2,142 asthma attacks and 106 premature deaths and $1.31 billion in health costs in 2035. That is a dramatic improvement, though, as trucks have gotten cleaner under air board rules: In 2012, they caused an estimated 15,468 asthma attacks, 483 premature deaths and $5.59 billion in health costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the asthma cases and deaths will be in disadvantaged communities along highway routes between the ports and Inland Empire warehouses, according to the study. The researchers concluded that it is worth paying truck companies more than a billion dollars to replace diesels expected to be on the road in 2035 because of the health effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is not going to solve itself,” said Jean-Daniel Saphores, chair of UC Irvine’s department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and an author of the study. “These trucks are still doing a lot of harm and they’re disproportionately harming disadvantaged groups, even with all the regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The harm to disadvantaged communities extends to the Inland Empire, where an abundance of land is spurring warehouse development that draws more truck traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Bernardino County’s nearly 2,500 warehouses, for instance, generate 362,000 truck trips a day, according to data by \u003ca href=\"https://radicalresearch.shinyapps.io/WarehouseCITY/\">Warehouse CITY\u003c/a>, a tool created in collaboration with Pitzer College and research agency Radical Research. In Los Angeles County, 16,600 warehouses generate 267,000 daily truck trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MaCarmen Gonzalez, a San Bernardino resident, said she noticed that many young children in her community carry inhalers. After learning about the impacts of diesel pollution, she became an activist for clean air, including the state’s zero-emissions truck rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t see (the exhaust), but it’s killing you,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents struggle to find places for their children to play outdoors in neighborhoods near the Port of LA. On a recent sunny afternoon, Brittany Guevarra played with her three-year-old son at the Wilmington Waterfront Park playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the background, on Harry Bridges Boulevard, a long line of diesel trucks passed by. The strong smell of diesel exhaust occasionally wafted through the park as children played to the rumble of traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guevarra used to live in San Pedro, but the cost of housing was too high. She was drawn to Wilmington by cheaper rent. At the time, the trucks and port pollution didn’t cross her mind. Now, it’s inescapable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Afterward I thought about it and I was like, ‘dang,’” Guevarra said. “I do worry. That’s why I keep (my son) inside. I know it’s bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the seemingly endless stream of trucks kept coming, Guevarra walked her son home after playing in the park. She doesn’t think she’ll ever return.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California has an aggressive mandate for zero-emission trucks, which are powered by electricity or hydrogen. But trucking companies face big obstacles — and people are still breathing dangerous diesel exhaust.",
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"title": "Polluted Communities Hold Their Breath as Companies Struggle With California’s Diesel Truck Ban | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Standing in his front yard in Wilmington, Jose Ulloa can’t get a sentence out without coughing. Heavy-duty trucks, headed to and from the Port of Los Angeles, pass in front of his home all day, their engines roaring and their exhaust spewing into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ulloa, who was diagnosed with asthma a few years ago, suffers frequent breathing problems and was hospitalized after one attack. The truck traffic is likely a trigger since health officials say diesel exhaust is known to cause \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/overview-diesel-exhaust-and-health\">asthma attacks and other respiratory problems\u003c/a>, including lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parade of big rigs in his neighborhood started four years ago after a series of traffic pattern changes altered their route.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imelda, his wife, sweeps the yard and cleans the home nonstop, but black dust still collects on every surface of their home within hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you blow your nose, black dust will come out,” she said. “It’s a terrible life living here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Oakland, Mashhoor Alammari, who runs a small fleet of drayage trucks that haul cargo to and from the port, wants to do his part to help clean the air of dangerous diesel exhaust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His company, The Crew Transportation, Inc., bought two new zero-emission big rigs at a cost of more than $900,000. But the trucks, powered by hydrogen fuel cells, are expensive to operate and there are few if any fueling stations along their routes. The new trucks have been sitting in the parking lot most of the time since he bought them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to put myself into a financial hole,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The experiences of the Wilmington family and the Oakland truck company illustrate the frustrations and obstacles that Californians face as state officials pursue an aggressive and controversial mandate to clean the air by phasing out diesel-powered big rigs and other trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s mandate, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2023/04/california-phases-out-diesel-trucks/\">approved by the Air Resources Board last year\u003c/a>, is the first in the world to ban new diesel trucks and require a switch to zero-emission vehicles, which are powered by electricity or hydrogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/advanced-clean-fleets-regulation-overview\">face varying deadlines\u003c/a> for ending their use of diesel, which for decades has been an efficient powerhouse fueling the economy and transport of goods. Starting in 2036, no new fossil-fueled medium-duty and heavy-duty trucks can be sold in California, and by 2042, large companies must convert their trucks to zero-emission models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trucking industry said the regulation is unreasonable and will wreak havoc on the economy, making it difficult to make long-haul shipments. The California Trucking Association and a collective of 17 states, including Nebraska, Alabama and New Mexico, \u003ca href=\"https://environmentalenergybrief.sidley.com/2024/05/23/17-states-file-complaint-challenging-constitutionality-of-californias-advanced-clean-fleets-regulation/\">have sued the state\u003c/a>, alleging the rule oversteps state power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017438\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017438\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14.jpg\" alt=\"A large white truck in the foreground with big shipping containers in the background.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_20224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_14-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Commercial trucks pass by a warehouse in front of a residential neighborhood along Drumm Avenue in the Wilmington neighborhood of Los Angeles on Dec. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From big rigs to garbage trucks and delivery vans, the rules will dramatically change the 1.8 million commercial trucks driven on California’s roads over the next two decades. Sales already are accelerating even though no deadlines have kicked in yet. Last year, one out of every six trucks sold in the state — more than 18,000 — were zero emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s mandate is in flux because the state still needs a waiver from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency before it can start enforcing them. President-elect Donald Trump has criticized California’s electric car mandates and in the past tried to revoke the state’s authority to set its own vehicle standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One deadline already has passed: All new drayage trucks, which are used to haul containers from ports, were supposed to be zero emissions by last October. But that deadline is not yet being enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Truck companies like Alammari’s that took a risk to be early adopters of clean trucks are now in limbo, swallowing high operating costs and competing with cheaper diesel-only companies in an already struggling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, California’s most vulnerable residents who live near roads with heavy diesel truck traffic may have to wait longer for a solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The dangers of diesel\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Diesel trucks are among the state’s biggest sources of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2024/02/california-new-soot-standards/\">microscopic particles of soot\u003c/a>, which can damage lungs and trigger asthma attacks and heart attacks. They also play an outsized role in California’s smog: While they make up just 6% of all vehicles on California’s roads, they are responsible for 72% of nitrogen oxides, a key ingredient of smog, emitted by on-road vehicles, according to the air board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, health officials declared diesel exhaust, which contains dozens of toxic gases, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.iarc.who.int/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/pr213_E.pdf\">human carcinogen (PDF.)\u003c/a> several decades ago because of studies linking it to lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Los Angeles basin, diesel exhaust is responsible for more than two-thirds of the cancer risk posed by air pollution, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">a risk analysis by the South Coast Air Quality Management District\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The biggest dangers from diesels are in communities near high-traffic corridors. People near the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, downtown Los Angeles and parts of the Inland Empire are at risk of 350 to 500 cancer cases per million people because of diesel fumes, according to the analysis. That risk has dropped substantially in recent years as trucks get cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825555\" src=\"https://i0.wp.com/datawrapper.dwcdn.net/PKart/full.png?w=780&ssl=1\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s clean truck rule is \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/barcu/regact/2022/acf22/isor2.pdf\">expected through 2050 to save $26.5 billion (PDF.)\u003c/a> in statewide health costs and save fleet owners $48 billion through reduced fuel and maintenance costs, according to the air board.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health benefits from eliminating the pollution (from diesel trucks) far exceed any cost the industry will bear,” said Adrian Martinez, an attorney for environmental group Earthjustice. “Trucking lobbyists and other folks are super loud and they’re going to focus on the difficulties of the transition. But millions of Californians affected by pollution from the freight industry is not acceptable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Lots of obstacles for emissions-free trucking\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But a lack of fast, reliable charging stations and the vehicles’ limited ranges makes it difficult, even impossible, for trucks to transport goods long distances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric heavy-duty trucks have ranges up to 250 miles, while hydrogen-powered ones can drive about 500 miles on a full tank. They can use the same public fast chargers as cars, but that’s impractical because they take up too much space and charging can take up to six hours. For hydrogen, only 22 fueling stations for large trucks are operating or in development statewide, according to the California Energy Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battery-powered trucks also are heavy, which means they can carry less cargo. As a result, companies have to charge more, which shippers aren’t usually willing to pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The industry also points to the substantial investment that is needed to expand the electric grid’s capacity to eventually charge thousands of battery-powered trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No one’s opposed” to cleaner air, said Matt Schrap head of the Harbor Trucking Association, which represents drayage truck companies. “It is about practical application and implementation of these rules. We have nowhere near enough infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air board’s mandate “is the epitome of ready, fire, aim,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air board officials stress that truck companies have time and flexible options to comply, and the state is working to \u003ca href=\"https://calfleetadvisor.org/who-we-are/\">help them understand and comply with the complex rules\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are worried, I get it. But (the deadline) is not tomorrow,” said Bruce Tuter, who oversees compliance and outreach at the air board. “Charging times, charging speeds, all of that needs to start building up where it gets quicker to charge a truck and where it’s more accessible to charge when you’re traveling long distances.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alammari, the truck company owner from Oakland, said he bought his two hydrogen trucks because he had interest from a shipping company that wanted to work with zero-emission vehicles. The profits Alammari would have made working with that company would have justified the added costs of operating a hydrogen fuel cell truck, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the last minute, however, the company chose to work with someone else. Without any customers willing to pay more to ship with his hydrogen trucks, he can’t use them. He’s doing his best to transition his entire fleet to zero-emission vehicles. He had even ordered three more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with help from state grants, Alammari said it’s not enough to help him operate the zero-emission vehicles or buy more of them. He pays substantially more for insuring them, and it costs twice as much to fully fuel them with hydrogen compared to a diesel, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without companies willing to ship goods with zero-emission vehicles, early adopters of the technology, like his company, The Crew Transportation, Inc., are at a disadvantage until the mandate makes everyone comply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I don’t get customers to use these trucks, The Crew Transportation is not going to move forward to get the three remaining hydrogen trucks we ordered,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Air board officials created the most stringent deadlines for drayage trucks partly because they travel near the most vulnerable communities — the low-income communities of color around the ports. They also tend to make shorter trips compared to other heavy-duty trucks, and ports are equipped with some fueling and charging stations, air board officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some companies that operate drayage trucks near disadvantaged communities may qualify for state grants of up to $336,000 toward the cost of a new hydrogen or electric truck. Under the regulation, they are able to keep their diesel trucks until they reach 800,000 miles or 18 years, whichever is earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, based on how many miles are already on his trucks, Alammari expects them to be unusable by 2028 under the mandate. As he sees it, the future of the company he’s worked so hard to build is at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017441\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg\" alt='Two images, on the left a man appears to be filling up a tank and on the right the words \"Hydrogen Fleet.\"' width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/01_KQED-side-by-side-downpage-image-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First: Khari Burton of IMC Logistics demonstrates how to charge a zero-emissions big rig. Last: A hydrogen-powered truck at IMC headquarters in Compton. \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the Los Angeles area, Sandra Espinioza, a truck driver for IMC Logistics, drives seven miles between Lomita and Torrance several times a day before powering up at the WattEV charging station in Long Beach. It’s a short and easy work route that makes it easy for a battery-powered truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re really quiet, and a really smooth drive,” she said. “You don’t smell the fumes. When it’s (charged) 100%, you’re gonna be able to go through your day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the state’s truck fleets are considered “\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/resources/fact-sheets/advanced-clean-fleets-regulation-high-priority-and-federal-fleets-overview\">high priority\u003c/a>” — federal fleets, such as the post office, and companies with at least one vehicle in California and $50 million or more in gross annual revenue or 50 or more vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These large operators have two ways to comply. Most are choosing a phase-in option. Under that option, smaller vehicles, such as UPS or Amazon delivery vans and box trucks, must be 100% zero emissions by 2035. But long-distance, heavy-duty trucks get more time to comply: 10% must be zero emissions by 2030 and 100% by 2042.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825555\" src=\"https://i0.wp.com/datawrapper.dwcdn.net/dIQue/full.png?w=780&ssl=1\" width=\"800\" height=\"628\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Gillis, president of Compton-based IMC Logistics’ Pacific region, said the air board’s deadlines are so aggressive that it poses challenges to even large companies like his. His company has 319 diesel trucks, 50 hydrogen fuel cell trucks and six electric trucks in California. Installing a handful of charging stations at its headquarters was an investment of hundreds of thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gillis said trucking companies essentially are conducting research and development with these zero-emission technologies. The new trucks have frequent recalls and can make hauls more expensive. Battery-powered trucks have to be used for shorter trips because of their limited range.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gillis said the federal government’s delay in approving a waiver for California’s truck rule doesn’t help his company, since it already bought the clean trucks and has to compete with other companies. But he said IMC is large enough that it can absorb the costs without much consequence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Electric and hydrogen trucks are the future, Gillis said, adding that large companies like his have a responsibility to show the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to do it now,” Gillis said. “The more we try to delay this, it’s just going to be more painful down the road. Every mile that I put on a hydrogen truck today is going to benefit somebody down the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘A literal case of life and death’ in communities\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>As fleet owners struggle with the transition to clean fuels, families near freeways and ports throughout California suffer the consequences of inhaling toxic fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ulloa looks out of his bedroom window toward Drumm Avenue in Wilmington and sees diesel trucks hauling cargo from the Port of Los Angeles lined up on his street. To feel any relief, he confines himself in this room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he’s at work in Costa Mesa, his asthma symptoms don’t bother him. But he said his coughing starts as soon as he’s home. Last year, during Thanksgiving dinner, he was hospitalized for three days before his asthma could be stabilized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as I get home from work the smell of diesel fumes and the dirt makes me cough,” Jose said. “I have to lock myself in my room with my air purifier and humidifier on. As soon as I go outside, I start coughing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017445\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017445\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11.jpg\" alt=\"A man with a hat uses an inhaler while sitting on a bed.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/04_120224_Drumm-Avenue_CS_CM_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jose Ulloa inhales from a medical vaporizer at his home in the Wilmington neighborhood of Los Angeles where commercial trucks pass by in numbers. Dec. 2, 2024. Photo by Carlin Stiehl for CalMatters \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family has lived there for almost 30 years, long before the trucks serving the port started coming through their neighborhood. Antonio Ulloa, Jose and Imelda’s son remembers being a child and playing with other kids in the street. They’d play tag, skateboard and shoot basketballs into a hoop set up on the street, without any fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, at 31, Antonio sees no kids outside. Families keep their children indoors and shut all the windows to keep the pollution and noise out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Antonio’s nephew visits the family home, just a few hours playing in the front yard will give him nosebleeds. “It’s depressing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilmington has long been known as one of the areas most affected by the air pollution. Community members report allergies, nosebleeds and the need for supplemental oxygen. About 12% of children in Wilmington have been diagnosed with asthma as of 2023, according to data from the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People living near the ports of LA and Long Beach breathe the highest concentrations of diesel exhaust in the Los Angeles basin, which raises their risk of lung cancer. Out of every million people chronically exposed to diesel fumes in West Long Beach, \u003ca href=\"http://www.aqmd.gov/docs/default-source/planning/mates-v/mates-v-final-report-9-24-21.pdf?sfvrsn=6\">more than 350 people could contract cancer (PDF.)\u003c/a>, according to South Coast Air Quality Management District analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a literal case of life and death for a lot of our community members and our loved ones,” said Paola Vargas, a Carson resident and organizer with nonprofit East Yard Communities for Environmental Justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every day matters. Every day we don’t have those (truck emissions) rules and they aren’t passed is a day wasted and a day of harmful impacts for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017442\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2500px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12017442\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside.jpg\" alt='Two images, the first shows several trucks lined up in a row and the second shows a dog peaking out of a window with bars with a sign underneath saying \"No more trucks, pollution, excessive noise.\"' width=\"2500\" height=\"833\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside.jpg 2500w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-800x267.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-1020x340.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-160x53.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-1536x512.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-2048x682.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/02_KQEDsidebyside-1920x640.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2500px) 100vw, 2500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">First: Diesel trucks pass in front of homes on Drumm Avenue in Wilmington. Last: A sign under Jose Ulloa’s window in Wilmington protests the truck traffic. \u003ccite>(Carlin Stiehl/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Irvine researchers \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920923000135\">reported last year\u003c/a> that even considering new vehicle technology and the state mandate, heavy-duty drayage trucks will still cause an estimated 2,142 asthma attacks and 106 premature deaths and $1.31 billion in health costs in 2035. That is a dramatic improvement, though, as trucks have gotten cleaner under air board rules: In 2012, they caused an estimated 15,468 asthma attacks, 483 premature deaths and $5.59 billion in health costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the asthma cases and deaths will be in disadvantaged communities along highway routes between the ports and Inland Empire warehouses, according to the study. The researchers concluded that it is worth paying truck companies more than a billion dollars to replace diesels expected to be on the road in 2035 because of the health effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is not going to solve itself,” said Jean-Daniel Saphores, chair of UC Irvine’s department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and an author of the study. “These trucks are still doing a lot of harm and they’re disproportionately harming disadvantaged groups, even with all the regulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The harm to disadvantaged communities extends to the Inland Empire, where an abundance of land is spurring warehouse development that draws more truck traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Bernardino County’s nearly 2,500 warehouses, for instance, generate 362,000 truck trips a day, according to data by \u003ca href=\"https://radicalresearch.shinyapps.io/WarehouseCITY/\">Warehouse CITY\u003c/a>, a tool created in collaboration with Pitzer College and research agency Radical Research. In Los Angeles County, 16,600 warehouses generate 267,000 daily truck trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MaCarmen Gonzalez, a San Bernardino resident, said she noticed that many young children in her community carry inhalers. After learning about the impacts of diesel pollution, she became an activist for clean air, including the state’s zero-emissions truck rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t see (the exhaust), but it’s killing you,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents struggle to find places for their children to play outdoors in neighborhoods near the Port of LA. On a recent sunny afternoon, Brittany Guevarra played with her three-year-old son at the Wilmington Waterfront Park playground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the background, on Harry Bridges Boulevard, a long line of diesel trucks passed by. The strong smell of diesel exhaust occasionally wafted through the park as children played to the rumble of traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guevarra used to live in San Pedro, but the cost of housing was too high. She was drawn to Wilmington by cheaper rent. At the time, the trucks and port pollution didn’t cross her mind. Now, it’s inescapable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Afterward I thought about it and I was like, ‘dang,’” Guevarra said. “I do worry. That’s why I keep (my son) inside. I know it’s bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the seemingly endless stream of trucks kept coming, Guevarra walked her son home after playing in the park. She doesn’t think she’ll ever return.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "trump-says-jan-6-panel-members-should-be-jailed-south-bays-zoe-lofgren-isnt-worried",
"title": "Trump Says Jan. 6 Panel Members Should Be Jailed. South Bay’s Zoe Lofgren Isn’t Worried",
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"headTitle": "Trump Says Jan. 6 Panel Members Should Be Jailed. South Bay’s Zoe Lofgren Isn’t Worried | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>South Bay Rep. Zoe Lofgren said Tuesday that she’s not asking President Joe Biden for a pardon after President-elect \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> suggested that members of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11934011/its-a-ridiculous-statement-rep-zoe-lofgren-assesses-rep-kevin-mccarthys-call-to-investigate-jan-6-committee\">the Jan. 6 committee she sat on\u003c/a> should be jailed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, Lofgren said she’s not worried by Trump’s remarks about the House committee that investigated the 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol and called him its “central cause.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess my first reaction was a question of whether he’s ever read the United States Constitution,” she said. “I’m scared for the country that we would have a lawless president suggesting things that are completely prohibited by the Constitution be done. But I believe in the Constitution. And I think we have a judicial branch that will make sure that the Constitution is enforced on that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump\u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-will-likely-pardon-capitol-rioters-day-1-says-jan-6-committee-me-rcna183275\"> made the comments to NBC’s \u003cem>Meet the Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a> on Sunday. “Honestly, they should go to jail,” he said of the committee members, though he added that he would not direct the Department of Justice to prosecute them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president-elect also said he would consider pardoning the more than 1,500 defendants charged in the Jan. 6 attacks on his first day in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren said she’s disappointed that Trump plans to “reward criminals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These were individuals who viciously assaulted police officers, maimed them in a violent attack. So I was not surprised by Trump’s comments, but certainly disappointed by his efforts to reward criminals and to try and criminalize non-criminal activity on the part of Congress,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12016294 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/NewsomCellphonesSchools-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren added that she encourages Americans to \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/collection/january-6th-committee-final-report?path=/GPO/January%206th%20Committee%20Final%20Report%20and%20Supporting%20Materials%20Collection\">read the committee’s full report\u003c/a> or “go to the Department of Justice’s website and read the case files of the violent crimes committed by the rioters that Trump now says he plans to pardon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she said she has not sought a pardon from Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>That’s up to the president if he thinks it’s appropriate and he can do it,” she said. “We did nothing wrong. Matter of fact, we did a lot that was right. But if he thinks it’s important to prevent harassment, then he can use his good judgment. I will say I’m not seeking it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren said the Constitution already provides members of Congress “much broader protection than any pardon,” both civilly and criminally, but that it may be worth considering preemptive pardons for people who are not elected officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly, there are individuals who don’t have the protection of the speech or debate clause that will obviously, if we’re to believe what Trump and his nominees say, are going to be harassed and should not be,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, on the eve of being sworn in as California’s newest U.S. senator, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016449/bidens-pardon-has-deeply-disappointed-californias-next-senator-adam-schiff\">Adam Schiff\u003c/a> — another member of the Jan. 6 committee — told KQED he opposes preemptive pardons, even if he believes Trump will “abuse his authority” or try to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I just don’t like the precedent of it,” he said. “I didn’t like it when Trump talked about doing that on his way out. And I don’t favor President Biden doing it either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren said she doesn’t know Pam Bondi, the former Florida attorney general Trump has named as his pick for attorney general. But she called his pick to head the FBI, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101908102/trumps-picks-for-fbi-chief-and-national-intelligence-director-face-challenges\">Kash Patel\u003c/a>, “completely unqualified.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The intemperate comments that he’s made indicate his lack of balance and his lack of adherence to the rule of law,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lofgren, who is the ranking Democratic member on the House Science, Space and Technology Committee, said she does hope to work across the aisle in that committee and other areas. She noted that because of the GOP’s slim House majority — just two votes — they will likely need Democrats to pass legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They will need Democratic votes, and we will give those votes if we have bills that also meet our priorities. So we shall see how this goes,” she said. “Our goal is to stand up for our constituents and to stand up for the American people in every regard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>South Bay Rep. Zoe Lofgren said Tuesday that she’s not asking President Joe Biden for a pardon after President-elect \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> suggested that members of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11934011/its-a-ridiculous-statement-rep-zoe-lofgren-assesses-rep-kevin-mccarthys-call-to-investigate-jan-6-committee\">the Jan. 6 committee she sat on\u003c/a> should be jailed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, Lofgren said she’s not worried by Trump’s remarks about the House committee that investigated the 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol and called him its “central cause.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I guess my first reaction was a question of whether he’s ever read the United States Constitution,” she said. “I’m scared for the country that we would have a lawless president suggesting things that are completely prohibited by the Constitution be done. But I believe in the Constitution. And I think we have a judicial branch that will make sure that the Constitution is enforced on that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump\u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-will-likely-pardon-capitol-rioters-day-1-says-jan-6-committee-me-rcna183275\"> made the comments to NBC’s \u003cem>Meet the Press\u003c/em>\u003c/a> on Sunday. “Honestly, they should go to jail,” he said of the committee members, though he added that he would not direct the Department of Justice to prosecute them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president-elect also said he would consider pardoning the more than 1,500 defendants charged in the Jan. 6 attacks on his first day in office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren said she’s disappointed that Trump plans to “reward criminals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These were individuals who viciously assaulted police officers, maimed them in a violent attack. So I was not surprised by Trump’s comments, but certainly disappointed by his efforts to reward criminals and to try and criminalize non-criminal activity on the part of Congress,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren added that she encourages Americans to \u003ca href=\"https://www.govinfo.gov/collection/january-6th-committee-final-report?path=/GPO/January%206th%20Committee%20Final%20Report%20and%20Supporting%20Materials%20Collection\">read the committee’s full report\u003c/a> or “go to the Department of Justice’s website and read the case files of the violent crimes committed by the rioters that Trump now says he plans to pardon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she said she has not sought a pardon from Biden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“\u003c/strong>That’s up to the president if he thinks it’s appropriate and he can do it,” she said. “We did nothing wrong. Matter of fact, we did a lot that was right. But if he thinks it’s important to prevent harassment, then he can use his good judgment. I will say I’m not seeking it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren said the Constitution already provides members of Congress “much broader protection than any pardon,” both civilly and criminally, but that it may be worth considering preemptive pardons for people who are not elected officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly, there are individuals who don’t have the protection of the speech or debate clause that will obviously, if we’re to believe what Trump and his nominees say, are going to be harassed and should not be,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, on the eve of being sworn in as California’s newest U.S. senator, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016449/bidens-pardon-has-deeply-disappointed-californias-next-senator-adam-schiff\">Adam Schiff\u003c/a> — another member of the Jan. 6 committee — told KQED he opposes preemptive pardons, even if he believes Trump will “abuse his authority” or try to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I just don’t like the precedent of it,” he said. “I didn’t like it when Trump talked about doing that on his way out. And I don’t favor President Biden doing it either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lofgren said she doesn’t know Pam Bondi, the former Florida attorney general Trump has named as his pick for attorney general. But she called his pick to head the FBI, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101908102/trumps-picks-for-fbi-chief-and-national-intelligence-director-face-challenges\">Kash Patel\u003c/a>, “completely unqualified.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The intemperate comments that he’s made indicate his lack of balance and his lack of adherence to the rule of law,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Lofgren, who is the ranking Democratic member on the House Science, Space and Technology Committee, said she does hope to work across the aisle in that committee and other areas. She noted that because of the GOP’s slim House majority — just two votes — they will likely need Democrats to pass legislation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They will need Democratic votes, and we will give those votes if we have bills that also meet our priorities. So we shall see how this goes,” she said. “Our goal is to stand up for our constituents and to stand up for the American people in every regard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Conflicts Over Race, LGBTQ Issues Cost Schools More Than $3 Billion Last Year",
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"content": "\u003cp>Conflicts between parents, teachers and school leaders over parental rights policies focusing on LGBTQ+ students, limitations on teaching about race and racism and book bans have come with a cost — both socially and financially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conflicts are disrupting school districts, negatively impacting schools and classrooms and costing districts money that could be used to better serve students, according to “\u003ca href=\"https://idea.gseis.ucla.edu/publications/costs-of-conflict/\">The Costs of Conflict, The Fiscal Impact of Culturally Divisive Conflicts on Public Schools in the United States\u003c/a>,” released last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers from UCLA, the University of Texas at Austin, American University and UC Riverside conducted a national survey of K–12 public school superintendents from 46 states — 467 in all — and found that these conflicts are prevalent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the 2020–21 school year, uncivil discourse and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/political-rancor-has-had-chilling-effect-on-public-education/682015\">hostile political rhetoric\u003c/a> at school board meetings and on school campuses have been an ongoing problem. Two-thirds of the school superintendents surveyed for the study said they have experienced moderate to high levels of culturally divisive conflict in their districts, including misinformation campaigns, violent rhetoric and threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cultural conflicts cost U.S. school districts about $3.2 billion last school year, according to the study. Researchers estimate that districts with high levels of conflict spent about $80 per student. Districts with moderate levels of conflict spent $50 per student, and districts with low conflict spent $25 per student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is costing us general fund dollars,” said a superintendent from a midsize school district in a Western state. “In the 2023–24 school year, the district spent an additional $100,000 on security, hiring armed plainclothes off-duty officers … because people coming to the board meetings are unpredictable and sometimes violent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers allowed superintendents to remain anonymous in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The superintendent also said the district spent more than $500,000 in legal fees on lawsuits associated with a board member and a campaign against the LGBTQ+ community and lost $250,000 in outside funding from social services organizations because of the dispute. It also spent $80,000 on recruiting and training new staff to replace teachers, counselors and administrators who left because they did not want to work in such a divisive setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Culturally divisive conflicts have substantial costs to the public and to our capacity as a state to mount quality learning experiences for all students,” said John Rogers, director of the UCLA Institute for Democracy, Education and Access and lead researcher on the report. “It has a fiscal cost that we’ve tried to lay out with some specificity, and it has broader social costs as well — there’s an undermining of social trust, there’s a deepening sense of stress and all of this is hugely consequential for how educators experience public schools and how young people are experiencing public schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Costs of conflict can’t always be counted in dollars\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Average-sized school districts of about 10,000 students spent about $811,000 each last school year to cope with cultural division, according to the study. The money was spent on legal fees, added security, additional staff time and on community, school board and government relations. Districts also incurred indirect costs because of staff turnover related to the conflict and because staff had to take time away from their other duties to deal with discord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the survey, the largest expense for districts with cultural conflict came from staff turnover, with districts of about 10,000 students spending between $148,000 and $461,000, depending on the level of conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One superintendent said that cultural conflict has caused “incredible stress on leaders and teachers as they navigate imaginary slights and online drama in the community.” A Pennsylvania superintendent called the emotional stress and anxiety “nearly crippling.”[aside tag=\"education, LGBTQ\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This research makes clear that culturally divisive conflicts in the nation’s schools are generating fear, stress and anxiety that is disrupting school districts and taking a personal toll on the educators and staff members who work in them,” Rogers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stress has also led to increased staff absenteeism at schools, even in districts with lower levels of conflict, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of the superintendents surveyed said they had been personally harassed at least once during the school year. Ten percent reported being threatened with violence, and 11% had their property vandalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, superintendent turnover has also increased — from 14.2% to 17.1% — over the past four years. More than 40% of the superintendents who left their jobs in the last year said their decision was related to conflict, stress and politics, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The relentless demands of leading a district can easily overshadow their own well-being, which, if neglected, not only affects their personal health but also the health and stability of students, educators and families they serve,” said Rachel S. White of the University of Texas at Austin in a statement. “Reducing the extent to which superintendents experience unwarranted divisiveness is an important step to change the trajectory of increasing superintendent churn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendents who were surveyed expressed concern that the time they spent managing cultural conflict, including responding to Freedom of Information Act requests and unsubstantiated rumors and misinformation, is keeping them from focusing on improving instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California not immune to divisive conflict\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Rogers said that while cultural conflict wasn’t as common in California as in other parts of the country in 2021–22, it has grown over the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donald Trump’s election is likely to bring more cultural division to school campuses, Rogers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that a Trump victory will lead some on the right to take a message that these sorts of cultural attacks that have been playing out across the United States and across California in the last couple of years are an effective strategy for mobilizing the base and for energizing the electorate,” said Rogers, in an interview the day before the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Trump victory will mean that Donald Trump will have more of a presence in our public life in the months to come. And so, that too will mean that he will be using language and framing that will further activate attacks on public schools around these culturally divisive issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/conflict-over-race-lgbtq-issues-cost-schools-more-than-3-million-last-school-year/723154\">This story was originally published on EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Conflicts between parents, teachers and school leaders over parental rights policies focusing on LGBTQ+ students, limitations on teaching about race and racism and book bans have come with a cost — both socially and financially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conflicts are disrupting school districts, negatively impacting schools and classrooms and costing districts money that could be used to better serve students, according to “\u003ca href=\"https://idea.gseis.ucla.edu/publications/costs-of-conflict/\">The Costs of Conflict, The Fiscal Impact of Culturally Divisive Conflicts on Public Schools in the United States\u003c/a>,” released last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers from UCLA, the University of Texas at Austin, American University and UC Riverside conducted a national survey of K–12 public school superintendents from 46 states — 467 in all — and found that these conflicts are prevalent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the 2020–21 school year, uncivil discourse and \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/political-rancor-has-had-chilling-effect-on-public-education/682015\">hostile political rhetoric\u003c/a> at school board meetings and on school campuses have been an ongoing problem. Two-thirds of the school superintendents surveyed for the study said they have experienced moderate to high levels of culturally divisive conflict in their districts, including misinformation campaigns, violent rhetoric and threats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cultural conflicts cost U.S. school districts about $3.2 billion last school year, according to the study. Researchers estimate that districts with high levels of conflict spent about $80 per student. Districts with moderate levels of conflict spent $50 per student, and districts with low conflict spent $25 per student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is costing us general fund dollars,” said a superintendent from a midsize school district in a Western state. “In the 2023–24 school year, the district spent an additional $100,000 on security, hiring armed plainclothes off-duty officers … because people coming to the board meetings are unpredictable and sometimes violent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers allowed superintendents to remain anonymous in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The superintendent also said the district spent more than $500,000 in legal fees on lawsuits associated with a board member and a campaign against the LGBTQ+ community and lost $250,000 in outside funding from social services organizations because of the dispute. It also spent $80,000 on recruiting and training new staff to replace teachers, counselors and administrators who left because they did not want to work in such a divisive setting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Culturally divisive conflicts have substantial costs to the public and to our capacity as a state to mount quality learning experiences for all students,” said John Rogers, director of the UCLA Institute for Democracy, Education and Access and lead researcher on the report. “It has a fiscal cost that we’ve tried to lay out with some specificity, and it has broader social costs as well — there’s an undermining of social trust, there’s a deepening sense of stress and all of this is hugely consequential for how educators experience public schools and how young people are experiencing public schools.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Costs of conflict can’t always be counted in dollars\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Average-sized school districts of about 10,000 students spent about $811,000 each last school year to cope with cultural division, according to the study. The money was spent on legal fees, added security, additional staff time and on community, school board and government relations. Districts also incurred indirect costs because of staff turnover related to the conflict and because staff had to take time away from their other duties to deal with discord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the survey, the largest expense for districts with cultural conflict came from staff turnover, with districts of about 10,000 students spending between $148,000 and $461,000, depending on the level of conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One superintendent said that cultural conflict has caused “incredible stress on leaders and teachers as they navigate imaginary slights and online drama in the community.” A Pennsylvania superintendent called the emotional stress and anxiety “nearly crippling.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This research makes clear that culturally divisive conflicts in the nation’s schools are generating fear, stress and anxiety that is disrupting school districts and taking a personal toll on the educators and staff members who work in them,” Rogers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stress has also led to increased staff absenteeism at schools, even in districts with lower levels of conflict, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of the superintendents surveyed said they had been personally harassed at least once during the school year. Ten percent reported being threatened with violence, and 11% had their property vandalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, superintendent turnover has also increased — from 14.2% to 17.1% — over the past four years. More than 40% of the superintendents who left their jobs in the last year said their decision was related to conflict, stress and politics, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The relentless demands of leading a district can easily overshadow their own well-being, which, if neglected, not only affects their personal health but also the health and stability of students, educators and families they serve,” said Rachel S. White of the University of Texas at Austin in a statement. “Reducing the extent to which superintendents experience unwarranted divisiveness is an important step to change the trajectory of increasing superintendent churn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superintendents who were surveyed expressed concern that the time they spent managing cultural conflict, including responding to Freedom of Information Act requests and unsubstantiated rumors and misinformation, is keeping them from focusing on improving instruction.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California not immune to divisive conflict\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Rogers said that while cultural conflict wasn’t as common in California as in other parts of the country in 2021–22, it has grown over the last few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donald Trump’s election is likely to bring more cultural division to school campuses, Rogers said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that a Trump victory will lead some on the right to take a message that these sorts of cultural attacks that have been playing out across the United States and across California in the last couple of years are an effective strategy for mobilizing the base and for energizing the electorate,” said Rogers, in an interview the day before the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A Trump victory will mean that Donald Trump will have more of a presence in our public life in the months to come. And so, that too will mean that he will be using language and framing that will further activate attacks on public schools around these culturally divisive issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2024/conflict-over-race-lgbtq-issues-cost-schools-more-than-3-million-last-school-year/723154\">This story was originally published on EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "California Bill Would Put Tobacco-Like Warnings on Social Media Apps",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 3:40 p.m. Monday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking a cue from tobacco regulation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a>’s attorney general wants to force social media companies to slap warning labels on their apps that clearly state the risks posed to kids and teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal follows the advice of the U.S. surgeon general, who called earlier this year \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11990672/us-surgeon-general-urges-congress-to-require-warning-labels-for-social-media\">for Congress to mandate warning labels\u003c/a> on the federal level — a call that so far, lawmakers have not answered. Attorney General Rob Bonta and Orinda Assemblymember Rebecca Bauer-Kahan announced the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB56\">new legislation\u003c/a> at a Boys & Girls Club in San Francisco on Monday, alongside a family whose daughter died by suicide four months ago after becoming, as her mother Victoria Hinks said, obsessed with social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was hooked,” a tearful Hinks said of her 16-year-old, Alexandra. Hinks noted that she and her husband implemented all the advice of experts in terms of limiting Alexandra’s screen time, taking her phone away at night and using parental filters and controls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We tried to pull her out. We took her door off the hinges. We tried to take her phone away at night, but it was like taking a drug away from an addict,” she said. “We set up TikTok’s so-called parental controls to limit Alexandra to one hour per day. It meant nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta said social media companies know their products are addictive and harmful but have refused to make changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed California label would read: “The Surgeon General has advised that there are ample indicators that social media can have a profound risk of harm to the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11999273 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/TikTokGetty-1020x706.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adolescents who spend more than three hours a day on social media are twice as likely to experience depression and anxiety, Bonta noted. He said if Congress won’t act, California should.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s be clear. This isn’t theoretical. It’s not a study about what might be. This is about real children and teenagers, real families, real impacts on real lives,” he said, noting that many apps have algorithms that “purposely prey on the psychological and developmental vulnerabilities of young people to keep them hooked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Bauer-Kahan stressed that the government had taken steps for decades to force private industry to make their products safer — such as mandating seatbelts in cars, recalling tainted foods and putting warning labels on tobacco products. A mother of teenagers, Bauer-Kahan said tech companies have a “powerful profit motive” to keep people online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our children are aware of the harms, but they feel trapped,” she said. “They feel afraid of being isolated. And they just can’t stop. The companies know this. They know the damage they’re doing. We’ve heard it from the folks inside these companies who have testified on the issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Steyer, founder and CEO of Common Sense Media, which is sponsoring the legislation, called this a “tobacco moment for the country,” harkening back to the debates over warning labels and other regulations for cigarette makers who knew their products caused cancer but did not tell the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not the first foray by California into regulating social media apps. In September, Gov. Gavin Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB976\">a bill\u003c/a> aimed at forcing social media companies to change their algorithms to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12005967/california-acts-to-protect-children-from-addictive-social-media\">make them less addictive to teens and children\u003c/a>. Bonta supported that law and has also \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-secures-court-decision-largely-denying-meta%E2%80%99s-attempt\">brought\u003c/a> several \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-files-lawsuit-against-meta-over-harms-youth-mental-health\">multi-state lawsuits \u003c/a>against social media companies, including Meta and \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-attorney-general-james-lead-coalition-suing-tiktok\">TikTok\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the warning label won’t be a panacea but is part of a multi-pronged effort to address a public health crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Meta declined to comment on the pending legislation. TikTok did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 3:40 p.m. Monday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking a cue from tobacco regulation, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a>’s attorney general wants to force social media companies to slap warning labels on their apps that clearly state the risks posed to kids and teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal follows the advice of the U.S. surgeon general, who called earlier this year \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11990672/us-surgeon-general-urges-congress-to-require-warning-labels-for-social-media\">for Congress to mandate warning labels\u003c/a> on the federal level — a call that so far, lawmakers have not answered. Attorney General Rob Bonta and Orinda Assemblymember Rebecca Bauer-Kahan announced the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260AB56\">new legislation\u003c/a> at a Boys & Girls Club in San Francisco on Monday, alongside a family whose daughter died by suicide four months ago after becoming, as her mother Victoria Hinks said, obsessed with social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was hooked,” a tearful Hinks said of her 16-year-old, Alexandra. Hinks noted that she and her husband implemented all the advice of experts in terms of limiting Alexandra’s screen time, taking her phone away at night and using parental filters and controls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We tried to pull her out. We took her door off the hinges. We tried to take her phone away at night, but it was like taking a drug away from an addict,” she said. “We set up TikTok’s so-called parental controls to limit Alexandra to one hour per day. It meant nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta said social media companies know their products are addictive and harmful but have refused to make changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed California label would read: “The Surgeon General has advised that there are ample indicators that social media can have a profound risk of harm to the mental health and well-being of children and adolescents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adolescents who spend more than three hours a day on social media are twice as likely to experience depression and anxiety, Bonta noted. He said if Congress won’t act, California should.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let’s be clear. This isn’t theoretical. It’s not a study about what might be. This is about real children and teenagers, real families, real impacts on real lives,” he said, noting that many apps have algorithms that “purposely prey on the psychological and developmental vulnerabilities of young people to keep them hooked.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Bauer-Kahan stressed that the government had taken steps for decades to force private industry to make their products safer — such as mandating seatbelts in cars, recalling tainted foods and putting warning labels on tobacco products. A mother of teenagers, Bauer-Kahan said tech companies have a “powerful profit motive” to keep people online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our children are aware of the harms, but they feel trapped,” she said. “They feel afraid of being isolated. And they just can’t stop. The companies know this. They know the damage they’re doing. We’ve heard it from the folks inside these companies who have testified on the issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Steyer, founder and CEO of Common Sense Media, which is sponsoring the legislation, called this a “tobacco moment for the country,” harkening back to the debates over warning labels and other regulations for cigarette makers who knew their products caused cancer but did not tell the public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not the first foray by California into regulating social media apps. In September, Gov. Gavin Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billHistoryClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB976\">a bill\u003c/a> aimed at forcing social media companies to change their algorithms to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12005967/california-acts-to-protect-children-from-addictive-social-media\">make them less addictive to teens and children\u003c/a>. Bonta supported that law and has also \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-secures-court-decision-largely-denying-meta%E2%80%99s-attempt\">brought\u003c/a> several \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-files-lawsuit-against-meta-over-harms-youth-mental-health\">multi-state lawsuits \u003c/a>against social media companies, including Meta and \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-attorney-general-james-lead-coalition-suing-tiktok\">TikTok\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the warning label won’t be a panacea but is part of a multi-pronged effort to address a public health crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson for Meta declined to comment on the pending legislation. TikTok did not immediately respond to a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "slow-san-francisco-tourism-complicates-hotel-strike-resolution",
"title": "Slow San Francisco Tourism Complicates Hotel Strike Resolution",
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"content": "\u003cp>Outside the Hilton\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\"> San Francisco\u003c/a> Union Square, life at the picket line has become routine for workers like Evelyn Luarca. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12011319/sf-hotel-worker-strike-enters-sixth-week-no-deal-in-sight\">For over two months\u003c/a>, the banquet waitress has volunteered to cook and serve meals to fellow strikers chanting and banging loud drums in front of the city’s largest hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 50-year-old prepares eggs or pancakes at 5:30 a.m. under a tent every weekday. Then comes a lunch shift that won’t end until after 1 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t staying busy like this, I’d be a lot more stressed out, just thinking,” said Luarca, as she dished out frijoles charros\u003cem>, \u003c/em>a steamy bean and meat soup, to coworkers on a recent day. “This is the longest I’ve ever been on strike. The bosses want to break us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walkout, which began Sept. 22, has grown to include 2,500 housekeepers, bellhops, bartenders and other workers at six downtown hotels operated by some of the industry’s largest brands. An additional 1,600 hotel workers in the city could join the strike, according to the union Unite Here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their demands include wage increases and keeping health care costs down, similar to what thousands of Unite Here members in Honolulu, San Diego and other cities recently achieved in new contracts after walking off the job. However, the labor standoff in San Francisco is expected to continue as a post-pandemic tourism slump complicates reaching a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12010663\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12010663\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hotel workers picket outside the Hilton San Francisco Union Square hotel on Oct. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s tourism industry relies heavily on convention business, which is set to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sftravel.com/media/press-release/san-francisco%E2%80%99s-convention-business-to-rebound-2025-group-hotel-room-nights\">increase next year\u003c/a>. But unlike Honolulu, San Diego and other cities that have largely rebounded, hotel occupancy and revenue in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/sites/default/files/2024-12/Status%20of%20the%20San%20Francisco%20Economy%20November%202024.pdf\">remained significantly lower\u003c/a> than in 2019. San Francisco collected $414 million in hotel tax revenue that fiscal year but just \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/sites/default/files/2024-12/CCSF%20ACFR%20FY2024%20(Final%20-%20Upload)_0.pdf\">$283 million\u003c/a> in fiscal year 2023-2024. Lingering perceptions of homelessness and crime on city streets are still discouraging more conferences and visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Sherwyn, who directs the Center for Innovative Hospitality, Labor and Employment Relations at Cornell University, said the union’s proposal to raise labor costs is tough to advance at a time when the real estate investor groups that own those hotels are seeing lower sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The employees are saying, ‘Hey look, I need a big increase because I need to keep up with inflation.’ The owners are saying, ‘Look, this building, this business is not doing well. And we’re not in a position to give raises out of the revenue,’” Sherwyn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most walkouts are short because they are difficult to sustain as workers forego their paychecks. Unite Here offers a weekly strike stipend, but it’s a fraction of what employees like Luarca normally earn. She has cut all non-essential purchases, including Christmas presents, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we are doing is a very big effort, but it is for a just cause and a long-term benefit,” said Luarca, who has worked at the Hilton Union Square for nearly 30 years. “I’m prepared to fight for as long as it takes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12005943\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12005943\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1359\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-800x544.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-1020x693.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-1536x1044.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-1920x1305.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A union worker drums on a bucket as she pickets outside of the Hilton San Francisco Union Square hotel on Sept. 3, 2024, in San Francisco, California. For the second time this month, 1,500 Unite Here Local 2 hotel workers from the Grand Hyatt, Hilton, and Westin St. Francis in Union Square have walked off the job, protesting pay and understaffing. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Both parties have dug their heels in, waiting for the other to budge on issues such as health insurance costs, which have risen faster than wages and become a major flashpoint for strikes, said Rebecca Givan, who teaches labor and employment relations at Rutgers University. Union and hotel negotiators have not met in weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The employers are gambling that if they stay out long enough, the workers will sort of lose hope and won’t be able to afford to stay out any longer,” Givan said. “It’s really a war of attrition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilton, Hyatt and Marriott, the employers that operate the hotels, rebuffed a union offer to accept modest wage increases in exchange for a share of profits if sales recovered in coming years, said Anand Singh, Unite Here Local 2’s chief negotiator. Conversely, the union rejected a proposal that would make health care more expensive for employees, especially new hires, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12016316 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20230822-SFSU-45-JY_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These companies have the resources to deliver on a fair contract,” Singh said. “This is really about their attempt to roll back the standard for working people in the city and permanently reduce their labor costs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh believes that the 1,900-room Hilton Union Square, which is \u003ca href=\"https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2024/11/18/hilton-parc-55-hotel-unionsquare-eastdil-buy-offer.html?ana=RSS&s=article_search\">up for sale\u003c/a> along with the nearby Parc 55, is not a bellwether for the city’s hotel industry. The two hotels’ last owner, Park Hotels & Resorts, refused to pay related loan debt as the buildings’ value plunged by $1 billion since 2016. Meanwhile, the Hilton has seen many cancellations due to the strike, contributing to a multimillion operating loss, according to a bondholders’ report on the properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilton and Marriott did not respond to requests for comment, though they have stated they are committed to negotiating a fair contract and serving guests through the disruptions. A Hyatt spokesperson declined to comment on any economic impacts of the strike but said the company is offering competitive wages, health care and retirement benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The safety and security of guests remains a top priority, and we have contingency plans in place to minimize the impact on hotel operations related to strike activity,” Michael D’Angelo, Hyatt’s head of labor relations in the Americas, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union has asked visitors not to eat, sleep or meet at the sites with strikes, including the Palace, Grand Hyatt, Marriott Union Square, Marriott Marquee and Westin St. Francis. In response, \u003ca href=\"https://www.itfglobal.org/en/news/lufthansa-airlines-pulls-crew-striking-us-hotel-in-victory-international-solidarity\">Lufthansa Airlines\u003c/a> and a conference by the \u003ca href=\"https://am.aals.org/hotel/\">Association of American Law Schools\u003c/a> have pulled their business from the Hilton Union Square. Some economists participating in another conference scheduled for January are urging the expected 13,000 participants to \u003ca href=\"https://aaronsojourner.org/hotel-workers-strike-and-the-2025-assa-annual-meeting/\">cancel their reservations\u003c/a> at hotels with labor unrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unite Here believes mounting economic losses will pressure the companies to reach a deal, as guests don’t like to encounter picketers banging on drums all day, and the brands’ reputation can suffer. But that remains to be seen, Sherwyn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are the owners going to increase their labor costs when business is so low, or are they going to say, ‘You know what, it’s not worth it, I’ll give [the hotel] back to the bank’?” Sherwyn said. “To say that five years ago would be theoretical puffery nonsense, but not anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The monthslong strike over wages and health care benefit costs, which has grown to include 2,500 workers, will likely continue as hotel revenues in San Francisco remain lower than pre-pandemic levels.",
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"title": "Slow San Francisco Tourism Complicates Hotel Strike Resolution | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Outside the Hilton\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\"> San Francisco\u003c/a> Union Square, life at the picket line has become routine for workers like Evelyn Luarca. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12011319/sf-hotel-worker-strike-enters-sixth-week-no-deal-in-sight\">For over two months\u003c/a>, the banquet waitress has volunteered to cook and serve meals to fellow strikers chanting and banging loud drums in front of the city’s largest hotel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 50-year-old prepares eggs or pancakes at 5:30 a.m. under a tent every weekday. Then comes a lunch shift that won’t end until after 1 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I wasn’t staying busy like this, I’d be a lot more stressed out, just thinking,” said Luarca, as she dished out frijoles charros\u003cem>, \u003c/em>a steamy bean and meat soup, to coworkers on a recent day. “This is the longest I’ve ever been on strike. The bosses want to break us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The walkout, which began Sept. 22, has grown to include 2,500 housekeepers, bellhops, bartenders and other workers at six downtown hotels operated by some of the industry’s largest brands. An additional 1,600 hotel workers in the city could join the strike, according to the union Unite Here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their demands include wage increases and keeping health care costs down, similar to what thousands of Unite Here members in Honolulu, San Diego and other cities recently achieved in new contracts after walking off the job. However, the labor standoff in San Francisco is expected to continue as a post-pandemic tourism slump complicates reaching a deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12010663\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12010663\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/241022-HOTEL-STRIKE-ONE-MONTH-MD-09-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hotel workers picket outside the Hilton San Francisco Union Square hotel on Oct. 22, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Francisco’s tourism industry relies heavily on convention business, which is set to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sftravel.com/media/press-release/san-francisco%E2%80%99s-convention-business-to-rebound-2025-group-hotel-room-nights\">increase next year\u003c/a>. But unlike Honolulu, San Diego and other cities that have largely rebounded, hotel occupancy and revenue in San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/sites/default/files/2024-12/Status%20of%20the%20San%20Francisco%20Economy%20November%202024.pdf\">remained significantly lower\u003c/a> than in 2019. San Francisco collected $414 million in hotel tax revenue that fiscal year but just \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/sites/default/files/2024-12/CCSF%20ACFR%20FY2024%20(Final%20-%20Upload)_0.pdf\">$283 million\u003c/a> in fiscal year 2023-2024. Lingering perceptions of homelessness and crime on city streets are still discouraging more conferences and visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Sherwyn, who directs the Center for Innovative Hospitality, Labor and Employment Relations at Cornell University, said the union’s proposal to raise labor costs is tough to advance at a time when the real estate investor groups that own those hotels are seeing lower sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The employees are saying, ‘Hey look, I need a big increase because I need to keep up with inflation.’ The owners are saying, ‘Look, this building, this business is not doing well. And we’re not in a position to give raises out of the revenue,’” Sherwyn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most walkouts are short because they are difficult to sustain as workers forego their paychecks. Unite Here offers a weekly strike stipend, but it’s a fraction of what employees like Luarca normally earn. She has cut all non-essential purchases, including Christmas presents, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we are doing is a very big effort, but it is for a just cause and a long-term benefit,” said Luarca, who has worked at the Hilton Union Square for nearly 30 years. “I’m prepared to fight for as long as it takes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12005943\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12005943\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1359\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-800x544.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-1020x693.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-1536x1044.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/SFHotelWorkersGetty1-1920x1305.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A union worker drums on a bucket as she pickets outside of the Hilton San Francisco Union Square hotel on Sept. 3, 2024, in San Francisco, California. For the second time this month, 1,500 Unite Here Local 2 hotel workers from the Grand Hyatt, Hilton, and Westin St. Francis in Union Square have walked off the job, protesting pay and understaffing. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Both parties have dug their heels in, waiting for the other to budge on issues such as health insurance costs, which have risen faster than wages and become a major flashpoint for strikes, said Rebecca Givan, who teaches labor and employment relations at Rutgers University. Union and hotel negotiators have not met in weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The employers are gambling that if they stay out long enough, the workers will sort of lose hope and won’t be able to afford to stay out any longer,” Givan said. “It’s really a war of attrition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilton, Hyatt and Marriott, the employers that operate the hotels, rebuffed a union offer to accept modest wage increases in exchange for a share of profits if sales recovered in coming years, said Anand Singh, Unite Here Local 2’s chief negotiator. Conversely, the union rejected a proposal that would make health care more expensive for employees, especially new hires, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These companies have the resources to deliver on a fair contract,” Singh said. “This is really about their attempt to roll back the standard for working people in the city and permanently reduce their labor costs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh believes that the 1,900-room Hilton Union Square, which is \u003ca href=\"https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2024/11/18/hilton-parc-55-hotel-unionsquare-eastdil-buy-offer.html?ana=RSS&s=article_search\">up for sale\u003c/a> along with the nearby Parc 55, is not a bellwether for the city’s hotel industry. The two hotels’ last owner, Park Hotels & Resorts, refused to pay related loan debt as the buildings’ value plunged by $1 billion since 2016. Meanwhile, the Hilton has seen many cancellations due to the strike, contributing to a multimillion operating loss, according to a bondholders’ report on the properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilton and Marriott did not respond to requests for comment, though they have stated they are committed to negotiating a fair contract and serving guests through the disruptions. A Hyatt spokesperson declined to comment on any economic impacts of the strike but said the company is offering competitive wages, health care and retirement benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The safety and security of guests remains a top priority, and we have contingency plans in place to minimize the impact on hotel operations related to strike activity,” Michael D’Angelo, Hyatt’s head of labor relations in the Americas, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The union has asked visitors not to eat, sleep or meet at the sites with strikes, including the Palace, Grand Hyatt, Marriott Union Square, Marriott Marquee and Westin St. Francis. In response, \u003ca href=\"https://www.itfglobal.org/en/news/lufthansa-airlines-pulls-crew-striking-us-hotel-in-victory-international-solidarity\">Lufthansa Airlines\u003c/a> and a conference by the \u003ca href=\"https://am.aals.org/hotel/\">Association of American Law Schools\u003c/a> have pulled their business from the Hilton Union Square. Some economists participating in another conference scheduled for January are urging the expected 13,000 participants to \u003ca href=\"https://aaronsojourner.org/hotel-workers-strike-and-the-2025-assa-annual-meeting/\">cancel their reservations\u003c/a> at hotels with labor unrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unite Here believes mounting economic losses will pressure the companies to reach a deal, as guests don’t like to encounter picketers banging on drums all day, and the brands’ reputation can suffer. But that remains to be seen, Sherwyn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are the owners going to increase their labor costs when business is so low, or are they going to say, ‘You know what, it’s not worth it, I’ll give [the hotel] back to the bank’?” Sherwyn said. “To say that five years ago would be theoretical puffery nonsense, but not anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "congress-oks-long-awaited-tax-relief-california-wildfire-victims",
"title": "Congress OKs Long-Awaited Tax Relief for California Wildfire Victims",
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"headTitle": "Congress OKs Long-Awaited Tax Relief for California Wildfire Victims | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Update, 8 a.m. Dec. 13: President Biden signed the Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act on Thursday, Dec. 12.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, 7:30 a.m. Dec. 7: \u003c/strong>Congress has taken final action on a tax bill that will help tens of thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/northern-california\">Northern California\u003c/a> residents who lost their homes over the past decade to wildfires caused by PG&E equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr5863/BILLS-118hr5863eh.pdf\">Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2023 (PDF)\u003c/a>, payments made to compensate wildfire victims for their losses are exempted from federal income tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Democratic Rep. Mike Thompson and Sacramento Valley Republican Rep. Doug LaMalfa steered the bill through the House earlier this year. The Senate, which had delayed action because of wrangling over unrelated provisions in companion tax bills, approved the measure by a unanimous voice vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden is expected to sign the bill in the next few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s authors said the legislation is a matter of simple fairness for people still trying to put their lives back together, in some cases nearly a decade after losing everything they owned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When a wildfire survivor is combing through the ashes of their former home, the last thing they should have to worry about is how they’re going to pay taxes on any settlement they receive,” California Sen. Alex Padilla, a Democrat who was part of a bipartisan group that carried the bill in the Senate, said in floor remarks after the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fire survivors have been through enough in the wake of losing their homes and livelihoods to wildfires — it’s wrong to tax them on the settlement money meant to help them rebuild their lives,” Thompson said in a statement.[aside postID=science_1965575 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/07/230809-SOLDOUTPARADISE-45-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg']Starting in 2015, PG&E equipment sparked fires that burned down tens of thousands of homes, from the North Bay to the Sierra foothills to the Butte County town of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s role in starting the Camp Fire, which destroyed much of Paradise and surrounding communities and killed 84 people in November 2018, prompted the utility to declare Chapter 11 bankruptcy in January 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of its court-approved plan to exit bankruptcy, PG&E agreed to fund a trust to compensate the more than 70,000 people who suffered fire-related losses. Those payments have been very slow to arrive, in large part because half of the fund consisted of PG&E stock that the trust sold off gradually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once payments arrived, fire survivors faced another problem: The money intended to help rebuild homes and get them back on their feet was subject to federal income tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Abrams, who lost his Santa Rosa home in one of the fires that swept the North Bay in October 2017, was among fire survivors who traveled to Washington, D.C., to urge passage of the tax relief bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed out that the Fire Victim Trust set up by the PG&E bankruptcy settlement is likely to cover only 70% of survivors’ losses, and that the measure is crucial for both individual and community recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Victims are already being left short-changed because of the way that the bankruptcy went,” Abrams said. “And to have Uncle Sam take [settlement] money as if it’s earned income is a real injustice and would leave communities really financially devastated, with people not able to pay bills, not able to rebuild their homes. So this is a huge lift for us and a huge relief for 70,000-plus families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Update, 8 a.m. Dec. 13: President Biden signed the Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act on Thursday, Dec. 12.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, 7:30 a.m. Dec. 7: \u003c/strong>Congress has taken final action on a tax bill that will help tens of thousands of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/northern-california\">Northern California\u003c/a> residents who lost their homes over the past decade to wildfires caused by PG&E equipment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/118/bills/hr5863/BILLS-118hr5863eh.pdf\">Federal Disaster Tax Relief Act of 2023 (PDF)\u003c/a>, payments made to compensate wildfire victims for their losses are exempted from federal income tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>North Bay Democratic Rep. Mike Thompson and Sacramento Valley Republican Rep. Doug LaMalfa steered the bill through the House earlier this year. The Senate, which had delayed action because of wrangling over unrelated provisions in companion tax bills, approved the measure by a unanimous voice vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden is expected to sign the bill in the next few days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill’s authors said the legislation is a matter of simple fairness for people still trying to put their lives back together, in some cases nearly a decade after losing everything they owned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When a wildfire survivor is combing through the ashes of their former home, the last thing they should have to worry about is how they’re going to pay taxes on any settlement they receive,” California Sen. Alex Padilla, a Democrat who was part of a bipartisan group that carried the bill in the Senate, said in floor remarks after the vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fire survivors have been through enough in the wake of losing their homes and livelihoods to wildfires — it’s wrong to tax them on the settlement money meant to help them rebuild their lives,” Thompson said in a statement.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Starting in 2015, PG&E equipment sparked fires that burned down tens of thousands of homes, from the North Bay to the Sierra foothills to the Butte County town of Paradise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s role in starting the Camp Fire, which destroyed much of Paradise and surrounding communities and killed 84 people in November 2018, prompted the utility to declare Chapter 11 bankruptcy in January 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of its court-approved plan to exit bankruptcy, PG&E agreed to fund a trust to compensate the more than 70,000 people who suffered fire-related losses. Those payments have been very slow to arrive, in large part because half of the fund consisted of PG&E stock that the trust sold off gradually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once payments arrived, fire survivors faced another problem: The money intended to help rebuild homes and get them back on their feet was subject to federal income tax.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Will Abrams, who lost his Santa Rosa home in one of the fires that swept the North Bay in October 2017, was among fire survivors who traveled to Washington, D.C., to urge passage of the tax relief bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pointed out that the Fire Victim Trust set up by the PG&E bankruptcy settlement is likely to cover only 70% of survivors’ losses, and that the measure is crucial for both individual and community recovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Victims are already being left short-changed because of the way that the bankruptcy went,” Abrams said. “And to have Uncle Sam take [settlement] money as if it’s earned income is a real injustice and would leave communities really financially devastated, with people not able to pay bills, not able to rebuild their homes. So this is a huge lift for us and a huge relief for 70,000-plus families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "East Bay Federal Prison Plagued by Sex Abuse Scandal Will Close Permanently",
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"content": "\u003cp>The troubled East Bay federal women’s prison \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fci-dublin\">FCI Dublin\u003c/a> will shut down permanently following years of sexual abuse by prison workers, the federal government announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Bureau of Prisons said it faces significant challenges that prevent reopening the Dublin site, which was abruptly closed in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those include a staffing shortage, crumbling infrastructure, and limited budgetary resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight former prison officers, including the former warden and chaplain, have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12002790/fci-dublin-officer-pleads-not-guilty-after-facing-new-sex-abuse-charges\">charged with sexual abuse\u003c/a>, and the prison faces dozens of lawsuits from women who were formerly incarcerated there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those problems also led to scrutiny from Congress.[aside postID=news_12002790 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/240408-FCIDublin-009-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']East Bay Rep. Mark DeSaulnier said in a statement that while he’s pleased the prison is being closed permanently, it still does not bring justice to women who suffered there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amaris Montes is director of West Coast litigation and advocacy at Rights Behind Bars, a group that’s representing women who were incarcerated at FCI Dublin in a class action lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This permanent closure is a great step towards recognizing that BOP is just unable to meet the constitutional rights of individuals who are incarcerated there,” Montes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of incarcerated women were transferred from FCI Dublin to other facilities throughout the country after the April closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11987292/trial-for-class-action-lawsuit-over-troubled-womens-prison-slated-for-june-2025\">trial in the class action lawsuit\u003c/a> is set for June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ahall\">Alex Hall\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/tgoldberg\">Ted Goldberg\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The federal government said it faces staffing, infrastructure and budget challenges that prevent reopening FCI Dublin, which was abruptly shuttered in April.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The troubled East Bay federal women’s prison \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fci-dublin\">FCI Dublin\u003c/a> will shut down permanently following years of sexual abuse by prison workers, the federal government announced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Bureau of Prisons said it faces significant challenges that prevent reopening the Dublin site, which was abruptly closed in April.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those include a staffing shortage, crumbling infrastructure, and limited budgetary resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight former prison officers, including the former warden and chaplain, have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12002790/fci-dublin-officer-pleads-not-guilty-after-facing-new-sex-abuse-charges\">charged with sexual abuse\u003c/a>, and the prison faces dozens of lawsuits from women who were formerly incarcerated there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those problems also led to scrutiny from Congress.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>East Bay Rep. Mark DeSaulnier said in a statement that while he’s pleased the prison is being closed permanently, it still does not bring justice to women who suffered there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amaris Montes is director of West Coast litigation and advocacy at Rights Behind Bars, a group that’s representing women who were incarcerated at FCI Dublin in a class action lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This permanent closure is a great step towards recognizing that BOP is just unable to meet the constitutional rights of individuals who are incarcerated there,” Montes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of incarcerated women were transferred from FCI Dublin to other facilities throughout the country after the April closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11987292/trial-for-class-action-lawsuit-over-troubled-womens-prison-slated-for-june-2025\">trial in the class action lawsuit\u003c/a> is set for June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ahall\">Alex Hall\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/tgoldberg\">Ted Goldberg\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-confusion-over-californias-tsunami-warning-shows-limits-us-forecasting",
"title": "How Confusion Over California's Tsunami Warning Shows the Limits of US Forecasting",
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"content": "\u003cp>After Thursday’s blaring tsunami alert sent out \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016827/pair-of-large-earthquakes-rattle-northern-california-and-trigger-tsunami-warning\">a wave of confusion across Northern California\u003c/a>, authorities are using it as a lesson in preparing for future disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one expert in Humboldt said the day reveals just how much the country has to learn about forecasting tsunamis, calling it “deja vu all over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Lori Dengler, an emeritus professor of geology at Cal Poly Humboldt, not much has changed about the U.S.’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016934/qa-imperfect-science-behind-tsunami-warnings\">tsunami warning system\u003c/a> since a similar near-coast earthquake hit in 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The entire West Coast from San Diego up to the Canadian border was put into a tsunami warning and a tsunami did not materialize,” she said. “[The U.S.] is still in the relative infancy or maybe toddlerhood of the tsunami warning world in terms of having the kinds of instrumentation offshore, having the kinds of models to forecast [their] impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until the 1990s that many people realized that tsunamis don’t only come to the West Coast from far away, she said. They can actually originate as close as the Cascadia Subduction Zone, a fault that spans a long stretch about 100 miles offshore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016883\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016883\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SFFD arrives on the scene to evacuate people for a tsunami warning at Ocean Beach in San Francisco on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. officially began tsunami forecasting in 1949 and has opened two Tsunami Warning Centers in Alaska and Hawaii since. The centers’ notifications have three levels of ascending seriousness: watch, advisory, and what was issued Thursday: warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dengler said there are a lot of shades of grey under that “warning” umbrella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Japan, they have three levels of tsunami warnings,” she told KQED. “They have a small tsunami, a medium tsunami and a big tsunami. In the U.S., we just have one level. We just have ‘warning.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An earthquake that meets a prespecified set of standards based on magnitude, location and depth triggers a warning, no matter how close, or far, from the cut-off it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map of at-risk zones and guidance for a local response, when there’s a warning issued, is based on a model researchers designed for a worst-case earthquake event on that underwater Cascadia fault — “the big one” — Dengler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://kqedsf.maps.arcgis.com/apps/instant/basic/index.html?appid=3e222feda41b4d1097acecb377cb1b5a\" width=\"1000\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Map by Matthew Green/KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The tsunami hazard area (shaded orange) represents the “maximum considered tsunami runup from several extreme, infrequent, and realistic tsunami sources,” according to the California Department of Conservation, which provided the geographic data for this map.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have a ‘little’ tsunami evacuation zone,” Dengler said. “We can’t tell people, ‘This is only a tsunami ‘C,’ not a tsunami ‘B’ or ‘A,’ and so these are the only areas that are at risk because we don’t have the basic science or the instrumentation to be able to do that level of detail yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Thursday’s tsunami warning — which many people have been tempted to deem an overreaction — was so far-reaching, and confusing for even city governments trying to decide how to keep their populations safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley probably took the warning most seriously, implementing an evacuation order for West Berkeley’s evacuation zone within about a half hour. Fourth Street businesses closed\u003cem>, \u003c/em>Interstate 80’s onramp at University Avenue shut down and at least one \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2024/12/05/tsunami-warning-issued-for-california-berkeley\">day care asked parents to pick up their kids\u003c/a> before the warning was called off less than an hour later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials there say the decision was based on state guidance after the city received the blanket “warning” Dengler referenced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The message indicated that a ‘Warning-level’ tsunami of at least 3 feet would hit the shores of San Francisco by 12:10pm, implying that Berkeley would likely be hit shortly thereafter,” spokesperson Matthai Chakko wrote via email. “Pre-existing state guidance indicated that such a tsunami could reach as far east as portions of 7th Street” and “prompted the City to issue an evacuation order for the affected area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016881\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016881\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People watch for a tsunami at Ocean Beach in San Francisco on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other disruptions rippled throughout the bay: BART temporarily shut down service in its Transbay Tube, Salesforce Tower began an evacuation, and San Francisco warned coastal residents to move at least a block inland and avoid evacuation zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the immediate threat had passed, San Francisco fire rescue captain Justin Schorr warned residents not to write off the day as a false alarm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we weren’t prepared today to evacuate inland or to higher ground, this gives us a great opportunity to be prepared for next time,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how prepared is the Bay Area, and wider West Coast?[aside postID=news_12016934 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-1020x679.jpg']Delger said that refining the national Tsunami Warning System would require investment in offshore instruments and more personnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way right now to pull the San Francisco Bay’s communities — Alameda, the Marin County part that’s on the bay — there’s no way to pull those communities out of the warning,” she told KQED. “The system is not set up now to do localized threats within Puget Sound, within San Francisco Bay, or really parsing the details of any of the coasts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local cities also have kinks to work out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after its evacuation was called off, Berkeley sent out a survey requesting feedback about how it handled the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Alameda, resident David Howard said he didn’t receive any of the city’s text messages until after the warning had passed, though it says it sent out multiple through its alert system. Traffic was also backed up at Posey Tube, the westernmost exit off the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the event of a tsunami that does materialize, Howard worries the city isn’t prepared to safely evacuate everyone who could be in a risk zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016878\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016878\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People watch for signs of a tsunami from an overlook point at Brickyard Cove in Berkeley, on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s about how do we evacuate people off the island? I don’t have faith in my government that we have a good plan,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A comment from the city of Alameda was not available by the time this story was published.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, there was a noticeable lack of blaring emergency sirens, which residents got used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11696153/7-things-to-know-about-san-franciscos-tuesday-noon-siren\">hearing at lunchtime on Tuesdays\u003c/a> before they were taken out of commission in 2019 for repairs. The system was expected to return to service after two years, but it remains offline.[aside postID=news_12017000 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/EarthquakeSukeyLewis-1020x765.jpg']Mary Ellen Carroll, the executive director of the San Francisco Department of Emergency Management, said that after initial assessments, the total cost to refurbish the system ballooned from about $2 million to over $20 million, and currently, the city has no money budgeted for these repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also said that the most effective channels of communication have evolved since the system was built in the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Wireless Emergency Alert [WEA] yesterday is the way that we do alerting in this country for major events,” she told KQED. “The main thing is that it gave you information, whereas a siren does not. A siren just goes off, and then you have to figure out why is the siren going off. A WEA, a text alert, a phone call — those are ways that are much more effective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dengler warned, though, that in the event of a really “big one,” these methods of communication might not be ironclad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we have a magnitude 9 earthquake on the Cascadia Subduction Zone, people aren’t going to get an alert because our infrastructure is likely to be damaged,” she said. “They have to know on their own what to do and where to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Carroll said repairing the existing Outdoor Public Warning System isn’t a top priority. The DEM has been looking into other ways to provide the same value — reaching people without phones when cell service or power is out — with newer technology that sends more targeted messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This upgrade, and many others being discussed to prepare the Bay Area for “the big one” will require more investment than seems to be coming from the local or federal level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we want a better tsunami warning system, we have to put resources into allowing our warning system to give us more quality, localized information,” Dengler said. “If we had done that, we probably would have seen a very different story in terms of the tsunami warning area for this particular event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "After this week’s warning triggered by a magnitude 7.0 earthquake off the coast of Northern California, one expert said the US tsunami warning system has a long way to go.",
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"title": "How Confusion Over California's Tsunami Warning Shows the Limits of US Forecasting | KQED",
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"headline": "How Confusion Over California's Tsunami Warning Shows the Limits of US Forecasting",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After Thursday’s blaring tsunami alert sent out \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016827/pair-of-large-earthquakes-rattle-northern-california-and-trigger-tsunami-warning\">a wave of confusion across Northern California\u003c/a>, authorities are using it as a lesson in preparing for future disasters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one expert in Humboldt said the day reveals just how much the country has to learn about forecasting tsunamis, calling it “deja vu all over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Lori Dengler, an emeritus professor of geology at Cal Poly Humboldt, not much has changed about the U.S.’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016934/qa-imperfect-science-behind-tsunami-warnings\">tsunami warning system\u003c/a> since a similar near-coast earthquake hit in 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The entire West Coast from San Diego up to the Canadian border was put into a tsunami warning and a tsunami did not materialize,” she said. “[The U.S.] is still in the relative infancy or maybe toddlerhood of the tsunami warning world in terms of having the kinds of instrumentation offshore, having the kinds of models to forecast [their] impacts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until the 1990s that many people realized that tsunamis don’t only come to the West Coast from far away, she said. They can actually originate as close as the Cascadia Subduction Zone, a fault that spans a long stretch about 100 miles offshore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016883\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016883\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-015-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">SFFD arrives on the scene to evacuate people for a tsunami warning at Ocean Beach in San Francisco on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. officially began tsunami forecasting in 1949 and has opened two Tsunami Warning Centers in Alaska and Hawaii since. The centers’ notifications have three levels of ascending seriousness: watch, advisory, and what was issued Thursday: warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dengler said there are a lot of shades of grey under that “warning” umbrella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Japan, they have three levels of tsunami warnings,” she told KQED. “They have a small tsunami, a medium tsunami and a big tsunami. In the U.S., we just have one level. We just have ‘warning.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An earthquake that meets a prespecified set of standards based on magnitude, location and depth triggers a warning, no matter how close, or far, from the cut-off it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map of at-risk zones and guidance for a local response, when there’s a warning issued, is based on a model researchers designed for a worst-case earthquake event on that underwater Cascadia fault — “the big one” — Dengler said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://kqedsf.maps.arcgis.com/apps/instant/basic/index.html?appid=3e222feda41b4d1097acecb377cb1b5a\" width=\"1000\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Map by Matthew Green/KQED\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The tsunami hazard area (shaded orange) represents the “maximum considered tsunami runup from several extreme, infrequent, and realistic tsunami sources,” according to the California Department of Conservation, which provided the geographic data for this map.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have a ‘little’ tsunami evacuation zone,” Dengler said. “We can’t tell people, ‘This is only a tsunami ‘C,’ not a tsunami ‘B’ or ‘A,’ and so these are the only areas that are at risk because we don’t have the basic science or the instrumentation to be able to do that level of detail yet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why Thursday’s tsunami warning — which many people have been tempted to deem an overreaction — was so far-reaching, and confusing for even city governments trying to decide how to keep their populations safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley probably took the warning most seriously, implementing an evacuation order for West Berkeley’s evacuation zone within about a half hour. Fourth Street businesses closed\u003cem>, \u003c/em>Interstate 80’s onramp at University Avenue shut down and at least one \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.org/2024/12/05/tsunami-warning-issued-for-california-berkeley\">day care asked parents to pick up their kids\u003c/a> before the warning was called off less than an hour later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials there say the decision was based on state guidance after the city received the blanket “warning” Dengler referenced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The message indicated that a ‘Warning-level’ tsunami of at least 3 feet would hit the shores of San Francisco by 12:10pm, implying that Berkeley would likely be hit shortly thereafter,” spokesperson Matthai Chakko wrote via email. “Pre-existing state guidance indicated that such a tsunami could reach as far east as portions of 7th Street” and “prompted the City to issue an evacuation order for the affected area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016881\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016881\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-001-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People watch for a tsunami at Ocean Beach in San Francisco on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other disruptions rippled throughout the bay: BART temporarily shut down service in its Transbay Tube, Salesforce Tower began an evacuation, and San Francisco warned coastal residents to move at least a block inland and avoid evacuation zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the immediate threat had passed, San Francisco fire rescue captain Justin Schorr warned residents not to write off the day as a false alarm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we weren’t prepared today to evacuate inland or to higher ground, this gives us a great opportunity to be prepared for next time,” he told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how prepared is the Bay Area, and wider West Coast?\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Delger said that refining the national Tsunami Warning System would require investment in offshore instruments and more personnel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way right now to pull the San Francisco Bay’s communities — Alameda, the Marin County part that’s on the bay — there’s no way to pull those communities out of the warning,” she told KQED. “The system is not set up now to do localized threats within Puget Sound, within San Francisco Bay, or really parsing the details of any of the coasts.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local cities also have kinks to work out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after its evacuation was called off, Berkeley sent out a survey requesting feedback about how it handled the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In nearby Alameda, resident David Howard said he didn’t receive any of the city’s text messages until after the warning had passed, though it says it sent out multiple through its alert system. Traffic was also backed up at Posey Tube, the westernmost exit off the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the event of a tsunami that does materialize, Howard worries the city isn’t prepared to safely evacuate everyone who could be in a risk zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016878\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016878\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205_Tsunami-Warning_DMB_0542-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People watch for signs of a tsunami from an overlook point at Brickyard Cove in Berkeley, on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s about how do we evacuate people off the island? I don’t have faith in my government that we have a good plan,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A comment from the city of Alameda was not available by the time this story was published.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, there was a noticeable lack of blaring emergency sirens, which residents got used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11696153/7-things-to-know-about-san-franciscos-tuesday-noon-siren\">hearing at lunchtime on Tuesdays\u003c/a> before they were taken out of commission in 2019 for repairs. The system was expected to return to service after two years, but it remains offline.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Mary Ellen Carroll, the executive director of the San Francisco Department of Emergency Management, said that after initial assessments, the total cost to refurbish the system ballooned from about $2 million to over $20 million, and currently, the city has no money budgeted for these repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also said that the most effective channels of communication have evolved since the system was built in the 1940s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Wireless Emergency Alert [WEA] yesterday is the way that we do alerting in this country for major events,” she told KQED. “The main thing is that it gave you information, whereas a siren does not. A siren just goes off, and then you have to figure out why is the siren going off. A WEA, a text alert, a phone call — those are ways that are much more effective.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dengler warned, though, that in the event of a really “big one,” these methods of communication might not be ironclad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we have a magnitude 9 earthquake on the Cascadia Subduction Zone, people aren’t going to get an alert because our infrastructure is likely to be damaged,” she said. “They have to know on their own what to do and where to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Carroll said repairing the existing Outdoor Public Warning System isn’t a top priority. The DEM has been looking into other ways to provide the same value — reaching people without phones when cell service or power is out — with newer technology that sends more targeted messages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This upgrade, and many others being discussed to prepare the Bay Area for “the big one” will require more investment than seems to be coming from the local or federal level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we want a better tsunami warning system, we have to put resources into allowing our warning system to give us more quality, localized information,” Dengler said. “If we had done that, we probably would have seen a very different story in terms of the tsunami warning area for this particular event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Brian Garcia, a warning coordination meteorologist for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/national-weather-service\">National Weather Service\u003c/a> based in Monterey, was in the East Bay on Thursday morning when an earthquake alert, then a tsunami alert, hit his phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He rushed to San Francisco’s Office of Emergency Services to confer with officials as they assessed the local threat from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016827/pair-of-large-earthquakes-rattle-northern-california-and-trigger-tsunami-warning\">a 7.0-magnitude quake\u003c/a> off the coast of Humboldt County. About an hour after the tsunami warning went out, it was canceled — but not before many coastal communities had already started evacuating people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia talked to KQED’s Dan Brekke about the reasons for the dire-sounding advisories issued by the National Tsunami Warning Center in Alaska and what officials hope to learn from the episode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for length and clarity. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dan Brekke:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>So let me ask you about the warning. The warning that went out from NWS Bay Area seemed to use very general but also very alarming language about the potential threat to life and property. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And I wonder if — given the reaction in the city of Berkeley for instance, where the warning prompted mandatory evacuations — was that an appropriate warning to put out there given the history of tsunamis in this part of the coast?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Garcia\u003c/strong>: So the language that’s used in the Wireless Emergency Alert is a prescriptive language that goes out with all the warnings. And when we’re talking [about] \u003ca href=\"https://tsunami.gov/?page=message_definitions\">a warning-level tsunami\u003c/a>, we’re talking 3-plus feet of tsunami amplitude coming in, and in this scenario here, we were looking at an upcoming [high] tide as well — so that had been on top of the already increasing tide. So this definitely could have had some pretty significant consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anytime we’re talking about a warning, we’re talking a threat to life. Whenever we’re telling people to get out of harm’s way, that it’s a threat, immediate threat to their life, we’re not kidding. We don’t want to mince words in these situations. We want to make sure that people have the requisite information to get out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016885\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A SFFD firefighter warns surfers in the water to evacuate for a tsunami warning at Ocean Beach in San Francisco on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>To what extent are you dependent on information from the National Tsunami Warning Center in Alaska? \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>That’s one place I went to myself just to see if they had forecast any particular wave heights, and I never saw that they did.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12016827 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/EarthquakeSukeyLewis-1020x765.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Tsunami Warning Center is one of our centers under the National Weather Service umbrella, and we are wholly and completely dependent on them. They are the experts when it comes to tsunamis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are the ones actually, when they issue a tsunami warning, it triggers the Wireless Emergency Alert that hits your phones immediately from their office. So it doesn’t even come to our local office before it hits the Wireless Emergency Alerts across phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There was some estimate or projection out there that this event off the coast of Humboldt County could have created a wave height difference that would have been 3 feet above normal. Is that right? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anytime we have a warning-level event, that means that the tsunami amplitude is expected to be 3 feet or above. So today, for example, we were going to have a 5-foot high tide. That would have been our highest tide, but another 3 feet on top of that. So now we have an 8-foot water level compared to that normal mean low or low water datum that’s used for the tides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’ve been here since the mid-1970s, and of course, with large earthquakes around the Pacific Basin, tsunami warnings happen — they’re not unheard of. I have to say, in all that time, the one time that a perceptible tsunami actually showed up here in the Bay Area was, of course, in March 2011 after the earthquake off northeastern Japan. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I guess why I’m mentioning this is that when I heard the warnings and saw what the reaction was — the evacuation orders in Berkeley, for instance — I thought they were ridiculous. Am I wrong that the warning was overblown and really not consistent with our actual tsunami history, which includes lots of big earthquakes off of Humboldt County, by the way?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is really an imperfect science in this type of scenario and trying to nail down exactly where it occurred, whether it was on\u003ca href=\"https://www.earthscope-program-2003-2018.org/research/synthesis_workshops/mtjo.html\"> the Gorda Plate or the Cascadia subduction zone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this event in particular, the earthquake location was close enough to the subduction zone that it created a risk, and we just weren’t willing to take that risk from the Weather Service side to say, “You know what, we’re going to wait and see a little bit more data,” because from that location, the travel time is in tsunami terms negligible to get potentially tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of people out of harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017096\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12017096\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-800x767.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"767\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-800x767.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-1020x978.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-160x153.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-1536x1473.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-1920x1841.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marin County’s Daily Independent Journal reported extensive damage to dock facilities and boats in Sausalito and San Rafael after a tsunami generated by the 1964 Alaska earthquake swept into San Francisco Bay. \u003ccite>(Daily Independent Journal/Newspapers.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And so we want to make sure that our emergency management partners across the area can work with our local law enforcement to enact evacuations out of areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know you’re kind of a buff of the history of tsunamis here, and in \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center/science/1964-great-alaska-earthquake-and-tsunami\">1964 with the Alaska earthquake and tsunami\u003c/a> we had impacts in bayside Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So whenever we think of potential impacts for our friends and family and our residents around the Bay Area, we want to make sure that the information is clear … that they have something that they can say, “OK, there’s a tsunami warning, I’m going to get to high ground,” and they know that it’s only going to be a matter of a couple of hours because of the distance that the tsunami would have to travel in this scenario.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, for instance, what ultimately happened was as more data came in, it showed that [the earthquake epicenter] was actually on a strike-slip fault and we became more comfortable with saying that the odds of generating an appreciable tsunami are becoming less and less plausible. And all that is to say we’re always going to err on the side of protection of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have any concern about people going through something like this, seeing that nothing happens, and then that desensitizes them to the danger the next time something like this happens?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, absolutely. There’s always the concern about desensitization to warning-level events. We see that in Tornado Alley when people get so many tornado warnings. The next one there, they’re just ignoring it because all the other ones before haven’t manifested in a tornado at their location. But that doesn’t negate our responsibility to issue the warnings based off the scientific data that we have at that time, and as soon as we know more data, we update that information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kinds of lessons might forecasters and local officials take from what happened with this warning? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things that we talk about often internally with the sciences and the response agencies is, you know, these things are now forefront of mind. We have our media partners doing stories on it. We have photos of \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RobinBuller/status/1864766166465671563\">kids on parking garages\u003c/a>. We’re going to have a lot of after-action reviews and \u003ca href=\"https://www.alertmedia.com/blog/hot-wash/\">hot washes\u003c/a> within these agencies, and we can’t let these events go to waste. We’ve got to look at them and say, “OK, what could I, as a resident of San Francisco or Berkeley or whatever, what could I have done different in this scenario? What do I need to be ready for, for the next one?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if there’s one thing to learn from this, it’s what we say after every earthquake: Have a plan, have your go bag, have your kit ready to go at a moment’s notice, so that you can be ready for when the next one happens. We live in a dynamic environment. And we need to be ready for anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Brian Garcia, a warning coordination meteorologist for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/national-weather-service\">National Weather Service\u003c/a> based in Monterey, was in the East Bay on Thursday morning when an earthquake alert, then a tsunami alert, hit his phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He rushed to San Francisco’s Office of Emergency Services to confer with officials as they assessed the local threat from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016827/pair-of-large-earthquakes-rattle-northern-california-and-trigger-tsunami-warning\">a 7.0-magnitude quake\u003c/a> off the coast of Humboldt County. About an hour after the tsunami warning went out, it was canceled — but not before many coastal communities had already started evacuating people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garcia talked to KQED’s Dan Brekke about the reasons for the dire-sounding advisories issued by the National Tsunami Warning Center in Alaska and what officials hope to learn from the episode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for length and clarity. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dan Brekke:\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>So let me ask you about the warning. The warning that went out from NWS Bay Area seemed to use very general but also very alarming language about the potential threat to life and property. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And I wonder if — given the reaction in the city of Berkeley for instance, where the warning prompted mandatory evacuations — was that an appropriate warning to put out there given the history of tsunamis in this part of the coast?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Garcia\u003c/strong>: So the language that’s used in the Wireless Emergency Alert is a prescriptive language that goes out with all the warnings. And when we’re talking [about] \u003ca href=\"https://tsunami.gov/?page=message_definitions\">a warning-level tsunami\u003c/a>, we’re talking 3-plus feet of tsunami amplitude coming in, and in this scenario here, we were looking at an upcoming [high] tide as well — so that had been on top of the already increasing tide. So this definitely could have had some pretty significant consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anytime we’re talking about a warning, we’re talking a threat to life. Whenever we’re telling people to get out of harm’s way, that it’s a threat, immediate threat to their life, we’re not kidding. We don’t want to mince words in these situations. We want to make sure that people have the requisite information to get out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12016885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12016885\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-1536x1023.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/20241205-Tsunami-JY-007-1920x1279.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A SFFD firefighter warns surfers in the water to evacuate for a tsunami warning at Ocean Beach in San Francisco on Thursday, Dec. 5, 2024. \u003ccite>(Juliana Yamada/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>To what extent are you dependent on information from the National Tsunami Warning Center in Alaska? \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>That’s one place I went to myself just to see if they had forecast any particular wave heights, and I never saw that they did.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Tsunami Warning Center is one of our centers under the National Weather Service umbrella, and we are wholly and completely dependent on them. They are the experts when it comes to tsunamis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are the ones actually, when they issue a tsunami warning, it triggers the Wireless Emergency Alert that hits your phones immediately from their office. So it doesn’t even come to our local office before it hits the Wireless Emergency Alerts across phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There was some estimate or projection out there that this event off the coast of Humboldt County could have created a wave height difference that would have been 3 feet above normal. Is that right? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anytime we have a warning-level event, that means that the tsunami amplitude is expected to be 3 feet or above. So today, for example, we were going to have a 5-foot high tide. That would have been our highest tide, but another 3 feet on top of that. So now we have an 8-foot water level compared to that normal mean low or low water datum that’s used for the tides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’ve been here since the mid-1970s, and of course, with large earthquakes around the Pacific Basin, tsunami warnings happen — they’re not unheard of. I have to say, in all that time, the one time that a perceptible tsunami actually showed up here in the Bay Area was, of course, in March 2011 after the earthquake off northeastern Japan. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I guess why I’m mentioning this is that when I heard the warnings and saw what the reaction was — the evacuation orders in Berkeley, for instance — I thought they were ridiculous. Am I wrong that the warning was overblown and really not consistent with our actual tsunami history, which includes lots of big earthquakes off of Humboldt County, by the way?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is really an imperfect science in this type of scenario and trying to nail down exactly where it occurred, whether it was on\u003ca href=\"https://www.earthscope-program-2003-2018.org/research/synthesis_workshops/mtjo.html\"> the Gorda Plate or the Cascadia subduction zone\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this event in particular, the earthquake location was close enough to the subduction zone that it created a risk, and we just weren’t willing to take that risk from the Weather Service side to say, “You know what, we’re going to wait and see a little bit more data,” because from that location, the travel time is in tsunami terms negligible to get potentially tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of people out of harm’s way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12017096\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-12017096\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-800x767.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"767\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-800x767.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-1020x978.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-160x153.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-1536x1473.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4-1920x1841.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/Daily_Independent_Journal_1964_03_30_Page_4.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marin County’s Daily Independent Journal reported extensive damage to dock facilities and boats in Sausalito and San Rafael after a tsunami generated by the 1964 Alaska earthquake swept into San Francisco Bay. \u003ccite>(Daily Independent Journal/Newspapers.com)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And so we want to make sure that our emergency management partners across the area can work with our local law enforcement to enact evacuations out of areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know you’re kind of a buff of the history of tsunamis here, and in \u003ca href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center/science/1964-great-alaska-earthquake-and-tsunami\">1964 with the Alaska earthquake and tsunami\u003c/a> we had impacts in bayside Marin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So whenever we think of potential impacts for our friends and family and our residents around the Bay Area, we want to make sure that the information is clear … that they have something that they can say, “OK, there’s a tsunami warning, I’m going to get to high ground,” and they know that it’s only going to be a matter of a couple of hours because of the distance that the tsunami would have to travel in this scenario.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, for instance, what ultimately happened was as more data came in, it showed that [the earthquake epicenter] was actually on a strike-slip fault and we became more comfortable with saying that the odds of generating an appreciable tsunami are becoming less and less plausible. And all that is to say we’re always going to err on the side of protection of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have any concern about people going through something like this, seeing that nothing happens, and then that desensitizes them to the danger the next time something like this happens?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah, absolutely. There’s always the concern about desensitization to warning-level events. We see that in Tornado Alley when people get so many tornado warnings. The next one there, they’re just ignoring it because all the other ones before haven’t manifested in a tornado at their location. But that doesn’t negate our responsibility to issue the warnings based off the scientific data that we have at that time, and as soon as we know more data, we update that information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kinds of lessons might forecasters and local officials take from what happened with this warning? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the things that we talk about often internally with the sciences and the response agencies is, you know, these things are now forefront of mind. We have our media partners doing stories on it. We have photos of \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RobinBuller/status/1864766166465671563\">kids on parking garages\u003c/a>. We’re going to have a lot of after-action reviews and \u003ca href=\"https://www.alertmedia.com/blog/hot-wash/\">hot washes\u003c/a> within these agencies, and we can’t let these events go to waste. We’ve got to look at them and say, “OK, what could I, as a resident of San Francisco or Berkeley or whatever, what could I have done different in this scenario? What do I need to be ready for, for the next one?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, if there’s one thing to learn from this, it’s what we say after every earthquake: Have a plan, have your go bag, have your kit ready to go at a moment’s notice, so that you can be ready for when the next one happens. We live in a dynamic environment. And we need to be ready for anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 2:20 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>California legislators and staff were allowed to return to the state Capitol on Friday several hours after an emailed threat prompted them to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement completed their sweep of the Capitol and surrounding buildings around 12:30 p.m. and determined the area was safe to return to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff may continue to work remotely for the rest of the day, and return to the office on Monday. Staff who need to report back to work in person today are clear to do so,” a memo from the Assembly Committee on Rules reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same memo urged staff members to “be patient during the screening process” when they returned, and to report all suspicious activity to the California Highway Patrol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story, 12:19 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>The California State Capitol was evacuated Friday morning after receiving an emailed threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Office of the Secretary of the Senate says law enforcement is working to determine the threat’s credibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers and staffers have been directed to leave as a precaution and work remotely until the threat is resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Highway Patrol officers were still on scene searching for threats around 11 a.m., according to CapRadio reporters at the Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/EytanWallace/status/1865084291828584464\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vinay Lall owns a food truck, India Jones, and was stationed outside of the Capitol on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know what to expect because we start at 11 o’clock,” he told CapRadio. “[Business] may be impacted if nobody comes in from there. I’m assuming that we might be pretty slow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that he may move his truck if business doesn’t end up picking up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fourth grade students from Theodore Judah Elementary School had come to the Capitol for a field trip on Friday, but their tour was canceled as law enforcement investigated the threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am a bit scared,” said 10-year-old Aayush Tankhiwale. “I really wanted to see the inside of the whole building, but after this we also get to go somewhere else, just a movie, so it’s fine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/chp_capitol/status/1865101911793521046\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of athletes and trainers are descending upon the Sacramento region for the California International Marathon, scheduled to take place on Sunday. James Frank came from Georgia and hoped to visit the Capitol before race day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Well, there’s people on big horses that said that we can’t go in there,” he said. “My wife and I have toured a lot of different state capitols and so we just wanted to go in and see what it was like here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story comes from CapRadio in Sacramento, a member of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/californianewsroom\">California Newsroom\u003c/a> with KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 2:20 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>California legislators and staff were allowed to return to the state Capitol on Friday several hours after an emailed threat prompted them to evacuate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement completed their sweep of the Capitol and surrounding buildings around 12:30 p.m. and determined the area was safe to return to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Staff may continue to work remotely for the rest of the day, and return to the office on Monday. Staff who need to report back to work in person today are clear to do so,” a memo from the Assembly Committee on Rules reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"order": 1
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
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