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"content": "\u003cp>One aspect of the multidimensional mess that is the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/tag/theranos/\" target=\"_blank\">Theranos story\u003c/a> is the company's leveraging of the Do-It-Yourself ethos to promote its product. Theranos provides consumers with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/test-menu\" target=\"_blank\">menu of over 200\u003c/a> low-cost diagnostic blood tests for any array of ailments and diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">It's legal to order blood tests without consulting a doctor in some two dozen states. But should you?\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Here's the company's founder, Elizabeth Holmes, at TEDMED in 2014, lacing her stem-winder of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBvzKp0AERE\" target=\"_blank\">presentation\u003c/a> with the ideals of patient self-empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My own life’s work in building Theranos is to redefine the paradigm of diagnosis away from one in which people have to present with a symptom in order to get access to information about their bodies,\" she said, \"to one in which every person, no matter how much money they have or where they live, has access to actionable health information at the time it matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also pitched the crowd an absurdity:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(T)oday, I can go buy a deadly, exotic animal, a venomous viper, a military truck or armored vehicle. I can buy a tank ... but I can't order a blood-based pregnancy test, or an allergy test. Because \u003cem>that\u003c/em> could be dangerous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBvzKp0AERE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Theranos is currently waiting for the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to render a final decision on whether it will lose its license to operate its labs. But for now the company still does tests at its wellness centers in dozens of Walgreens and other locations in Arizona, plus one in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“I can go buy a deadly, exotic animal, a venomous viper, a military truck or armored vehicle ... but I can’t order a blood-based pregnancy test.\u003ccite>Theranos founder Elizabeth Holmes in 2014\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Theranos isn't the only company offering blood tests to the worried well. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wellnessfx.com/\" target=\"_blank\">WellnessFX\u003c/a>, for instance, has a partnership with Quest Diagnostics, and consumers in all but seven states can use the company's website to order their own tests online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Theranos, WellnessFX has similarly baked in the ideals of patient access and independence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the data that can be used to help understand what is best for the patient, historically that's always been the clipboard that's been turned around facing the physician... and never really been shown to the patient,\" said WellnessFX cofounder Brent Vaughan in a 2013 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_sSq0KZZl5Q\" target=\"_blank\">promotional video\u003c/a>. \"Because there's always been this belief that patients can't understand or they don't want to understand this information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Growing Trend\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, health diagnostics behemoth LabCorp dipped a toe in the DIY waters by allowing Arizona consumers to order their own tests. Labcorp CEO David King said in an email the company's market research shows a \"significant percentage\" of consumers are interested in initiating tests on their own. The company plans to expand the service into other states later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As consumers bear more of the cost of health care out of pocket, they should be, and are becoming increasingly engaged in managing their healthcare,\" King said. \"We absolutely support them in doing so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last April, Arizona enacted a law -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.azcentral.com/story/news/arizona/politics/2015/02/27/high-tech-pushes-consumer-friendly-lab-testing/24150229/\" target=\"_blank\">pushed by Theranos\u003c/a> -- that allowed consumers to order their own tests. The bill passed in the House 60 to 0 and the Senate 26 to 2. Democrat Steve Farley was one of the no votes. He isn't surprised at Theranos' unraveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Really what we were being asked to do in that bill was to allow our constituents in Arizona to become beta testers, and use their own bodies as the tool of that beta testing,\" he said. (Theranos declined to comment.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate over cutting doctors out of the diagnostic loop has been going on \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/12/health/blood-test-labs-bypass-doctors-spurring-debate.html?pagewanted=all\" target=\"_blank\">a long time\u003c/a>. Some academics have been vocal about their reservations. Dr. Norman Paradis, a professor of medicine at Dartmouth who has consulted for diagnostic startups, said the model of offering a wide assortment of tests -- as Theranos does -- is a recipe for disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you simply run medical tests in large numbers of people who don’t have the signs and symptoms of a certain disease, then many of the results you get will be false positives,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those patients could then wind up going further down the rabbit hole of more invasive, potentially harmful tests and treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paradis said getting medical students and even residents to appropriately order tests is difficult enough. “So if it’s difficult for them, it’s even harder for the layperson. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. H. Gilbert Welch, the author of several books on the topic of overdiagnosis, thinks getting your own blood tests is part of the larger negative trend of testing people who aren’t really sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m afraid there's a growing sense the path to health is through testing,\" he said. \"But you don’t test yourself to health. Health is much more about how you move, what you eat and finding joy and purpose in life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WellnessFX has taken concerns about false positives into account, said Dr. Murdoc Khalegi, its medical director. He said the company works with physicians to make sure the tests it offers are not susceptible to inaccurate results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work very hard to [offer tests] that are something a consumer can understand, like having elevated cholesterol or blood sugar,\" Khalegi said. \"We encourage all of our results to be shared with physicians. But to restrict people from even having that information, which is the way it currently exists in some settings, would be unfortunate. People should be aware if they have certain health risks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center for Democracy & Technology's Michelle De Mooy, who has worked on privacy and transparency issues in health care, dismisses the argument that patients can't make knowledgeable decisions about when to get tested. She said the issue of false positives is \"pretty reasonably addressed\" with warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both she\u003cstrong> a\u003c/strong>nd Khalegi point to the high cost of health care as one reason to enable easier access to diagnostic tests. High deductibles and lack of access to transportation or child care are reasons people might choose to get tests in the most efficient, least time-consuming way possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The economic disparity question is one that the health care establishment tends to gloss over,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Vegan Gets Tested\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite being asymptomatic, last year, Amy, who lives in Santa Cruz, California, went online to order her own test for anemia. (She didn't want her last name used for reasons of privacy.) The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has no opinion on testing for iron-deficiency anemia among those who are asymptomatic. But Amy's fellow vegans had convinced her to get tested because cutting out meat and dairy can \u003ca href=\"http://www.everydayhealth.com/anemia/anemia-risk-for-vegans-and-vegetarians.aspx\">increase the risk\u003c/a> of iron deficiency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of a high deductible and bad experiences with insurance companies, Amy didn't want to go through her insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her iron level came back low. But rather than take action on her own, she went to a doctor, to whom she mentioned having donated blood a week before the test. Amy hadn't known this would deplete her iron. And because her other numbers were fine, her doctor told her not to worry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a layperson I wouldn’t understand that,\" Amy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole experience -- the blood draw notwithstanding -- was painless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I liked being able to answer my own questions and to go to the site and pick which things I was curious about. I like being able to do it independently, since I don’t have a regular general practitioner I go to.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways Amy fits the profile that both advocates and opponents of self-testing point to: She had no symptoms of anemia and got a test that wound up being unnecessary. But she also had a psychological need to know and a financial need to pursue that cheaply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Murdoc of WellnessFX said that while he defers to official guidelines, as a vegan, Amy probably did the right thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a very cheap blood test,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This post was corrected to reflect updated recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force on testing for iron-deficiency anemia. Originally, the story said the task force recommended testing in asymptomatic women and small children. But in September 2015 the USPSTF concluded \"that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for iron deficiency anemia\" in both pregnant women and children ages 6 to 24 months.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One aspect of the multidimensional mess that is the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/tag/theranos/\" target=\"_blank\">Theranos story\u003c/a> is the company's leveraging of the Do-It-Yourself ethos to promote its product. Theranos provides consumers with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theranos.com/test-menu\" target=\"_blank\">menu of over 200\u003c/a> low-cost diagnostic blood tests for any array of ailments and diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">It's legal to order blood tests without consulting a doctor in some two dozen states. But should you?\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Here's the company's founder, Elizabeth Holmes, at TEDMED in 2014, lacing her stem-winder of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBvzKp0AERE\" target=\"_blank\">presentation\u003c/a> with the ideals of patient self-empowerment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My own life’s work in building Theranos is to redefine the paradigm of diagnosis away from one in which people have to present with a symptom in order to get access to information about their bodies,\" she said, \"to one in which every person, no matter how much money they have or where they live, has access to actionable health information at the time it matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also pitched the crowd an absurdity:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(T)oday, I can go buy a deadly, exotic animal, a venomous viper, a military truck or armored vehicle. I can buy a tank ... but I can't order a blood-based pregnancy test, or an allergy test. Because \u003cem>that\u003c/em> could be dangerous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/dBvzKp0AERE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/dBvzKp0AERE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Theranos is currently waiting for the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to render a final decision on whether it will lose its license to operate its labs. But for now the company still does tests at its wellness centers in dozens of Walgreens and other locations in Arizona, plus one in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“I can go buy a deadly, exotic animal, a venomous viper, a military truck or armored vehicle ... but I can’t order a blood-based pregnancy test.\u003ccite>Theranos founder Elizabeth Holmes in 2014\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Theranos isn't the only company offering blood tests to the worried well. \u003ca href=\"http://www.wellnessfx.com/\" target=\"_blank\">WellnessFX\u003c/a>, for instance, has a partnership with Quest Diagnostics, and consumers in all but seven states can use the company's website to order their own tests online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Theranos, WellnessFX has similarly baked in the ideals of patient access and independence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the data that can be used to help understand what is best for the patient, historically that's always been the clipboard that's been turned around facing the physician... and never really been shown to the patient,\" said WellnessFX cofounder Brent Vaughan in a 2013 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_sSq0KZZl5Q\" target=\"_blank\">promotional video\u003c/a>. \"Because there's always been this belief that patients can't understand or they don't want to understand this information.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Growing Trend\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, health diagnostics behemoth LabCorp dipped a toe in the DIY waters by allowing Arizona consumers to order their own tests. Labcorp CEO David King said in an email the company's market research shows a \"significant percentage\" of consumers are interested in initiating tests on their own. The company plans to expand the service into other states later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As consumers bear more of the cost of health care out of pocket, they should be, and are becoming increasingly engaged in managing their healthcare,\" King said. \"We absolutely support them in doing so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last April, Arizona enacted a law -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.azcentral.com/story/news/arizona/politics/2015/02/27/high-tech-pushes-consumer-friendly-lab-testing/24150229/\" target=\"_blank\">pushed by Theranos\u003c/a> -- that allowed consumers to order their own tests. The bill passed in the House 60 to 0 and the Senate 26 to 2. Democrat Steve Farley was one of the no votes. He isn't surprised at Theranos' unraveling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Really what we were being asked to do in that bill was to allow our constituents in Arizona to become beta testers, and use their own bodies as the tool of that beta testing,\" he said. (Theranos declined to comment.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate over cutting doctors out of the diagnostic loop has been going on \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/12/health/blood-test-labs-bypass-doctors-spurring-debate.html?pagewanted=all\" target=\"_blank\">a long time\u003c/a>. Some academics have been vocal about their reservations. Dr. Norman Paradis, a professor of medicine at Dartmouth who has consulted for diagnostic startups, said the model of offering a wide assortment of tests -- as Theranos does -- is a recipe for disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you simply run medical tests in large numbers of people who don’t have the signs and symptoms of a certain disease, then many of the results you get will be false positives,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those patients could then wind up going further down the rabbit hole of more invasive, potentially harmful tests and treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paradis said getting medical students and even residents to appropriately order tests is difficult enough. “So if it’s difficult for them, it’s even harder for the layperson. “\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. H. Gilbert Welch, the author of several books on the topic of overdiagnosis, thinks getting your own blood tests is part of the larger negative trend of testing people who aren’t really sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m afraid there's a growing sense the path to health is through testing,\" he said. \"But you don’t test yourself to health. Health is much more about how you move, what you eat and finding joy and purpose in life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>WellnessFX has taken concerns about false positives into account, said Dr. Murdoc Khalegi, its medical director. He said the company works with physicians to make sure the tests it offers are not susceptible to inaccurate results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work very hard to [offer tests] that are something a consumer can understand, like having elevated cholesterol or blood sugar,\" Khalegi said. \"We encourage all of our results to be shared with physicians. But to restrict people from even having that information, which is the way it currently exists in some settings, would be unfortunate. People should be aware if they have certain health risks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center for Democracy & Technology's Michelle De Mooy, who has worked on privacy and transparency issues in health care, dismisses the argument that patients can't make knowledgeable decisions about when to get tested. She said the issue of false positives is \"pretty reasonably addressed\" with warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both she\u003cstrong> a\u003c/strong>nd Khalegi point to the high cost of health care as one reason to enable easier access to diagnostic tests. High deductibles and lack of access to transportation or child care are reasons people might choose to get tests in the most efficient, least time-consuming way possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The economic disparity question is one that the health care establishment tends to gloss over,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Vegan Gets Tested\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite being asymptomatic, last year, Amy, who lives in Santa Cruz, California, went online to order her own test for anemia. (She didn't want her last name used for reasons of privacy.) The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has no opinion on testing for iron-deficiency anemia among those who are asymptomatic. But Amy's fellow vegans had convinced her to get tested because cutting out meat and dairy can \u003ca href=\"http://www.everydayhealth.com/anemia/anemia-risk-for-vegans-and-vegetarians.aspx\">increase the risk\u003c/a> of iron deficiency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of a high deductible and bad experiences with insurance companies, Amy didn't want to go through her insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her iron level came back low. But rather than take action on her own, she went to a doctor, to whom she mentioned having donated blood a week before the test. Amy hadn't known this would deplete her iron. And because her other numbers were fine, her doctor told her not to worry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As a layperson I wouldn’t understand that,\" Amy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole experience -- the blood draw notwithstanding -- was painless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I liked being able to answer my own questions and to go to the site and pick which things I was curious about. I like being able to do it independently, since I don’t have a regular general practitioner I go to.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some ways Amy fits the profile that both advocates and opponents of self-testing point to: She had no symptoms of anemia and got a test that wound up being unnecessary. But she also had a psychological need to know and a financial need to pursue that cheaply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Murdoc of WellnessFX said that while he defers to official guidelines, as a vegan, Amy probably did the right thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a very cheap blood test,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This post was corrected to reflect updated recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force on testing for iron-deficiency anemia. Originally, the story said the task force recommended testing in asymptomatic women and small children. But in September 2015 the USPSTF concluded \"that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for iron deficiency anemia\" in both pregnant women and children ages 6 to 24 months.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Online Program Shows Promise For Treating Depression",
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"content": "\u003cp>Working through a self-help program online can prevent or delay major depression disorder in people who are vulnerable, a study finds. Similar programs have been used to treat depression, but this may be the first one tested to prevent it, the researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online programs for mental health problems can be as effective as face-to-face treatment and offer some advantages: Low cost, available at any time and customizable. But they're not panaceas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this experiment, half of the participants were asked to do six half-hour-long exercises that were based on cognitive behavioral therapy and problem-solving therapy, which are techniques commonly used for in-person therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the cognitive behavioral therapy, participants were asked to identify positive activities they used to engage in and then are asked to actively plan those activities again. At the next session, participants reflect on their experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the problem-solving therapy, people were asked to create a list of the things that matter most to them in their lives and brainstorm on how to incorporate those things into daily life. They next were asked to categorize problems and worries into \"manageable\" and \"unmanageable;\" the main focus in problem-solving therapy is to tackle those problems that are considered manageable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both cognitive-behavioral therapy and problem-solving therapy are intended to change negative thinking in order to alter mood and behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After completing each exercise, participants in the intervention group received written individualized feedback from an online trainer. The trainers did not offer any therapeutic advice, only motivation and encouragement to continue the exercises. Participants also could repeat the online sessions as often as they liked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The control group received information about depression but was under no obligation to read it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, which was conducted by researchers from Leuphana University in Lueneburg, Germany, recruited 406 people with subthreshold depression, which is defined as having some symptoms of depression but not enough to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder. It was \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2518266\">published\u003c/a> Tuesday in \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em>, the journal of the American Medical Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 406 participants that began the study, 335 completed the telephone follow-up at the end of 12 months. Twenty-seven percent in the intervention group experienced depression compared with 41 percent in the control group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear if the people who went on to develop major depressive disorder had experienced it before. Lead author \u003ca href=\"http://fox.leuphana.de/portal/de/persons/claudia-buntrock(8d1eda51-f2ab-49e7-bbbd-069d85ae083f).html\">Claudia Buntrock\u003c/a>, a PhD candidate in clinical psychology at Leuphana, says that because the study only tracked participants' mental health over the course of 12 months, the long-term effectiveness of the intervention is unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also not clear if this kind of program could be scaled up. It took the trainers about 30 minutes to provide feedback for each session, and they also stayed in touch with participants via instant messaging, Buntrock says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/11/12/455743090/depressed-look-for-help-from-a-human-not-a-computer\">experiments \u003c/a>with online therapy have found that people didn't continue it if it wasn't guided by an actual human. One reason could be that when people are depressed, they can have a hard time getting motivated to do things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"More studies are needed to evaluate the preventive effects of unguided web-based interventions on the onset of major depressive disorder,\" Buntrock wrote in an email. Still, Buntrock seems pleased with the results, especially since the German insurance company BARMER GEK that sponsored the trial is now providing it to its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was surprised by the big response to our study,\" Buntrock wrote. \"And of course, I'm surprised about what happens now; that a health insurance company offers the intervention to its members. It's a success story you might dream of when you start, but it actually seeing to happen is a great feeling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=An+Online+Program+May+Help+Prevent+Depression+In+Some+People&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Working through a self-help program online can prevent or delay major depression disorder in people who are vulnerable, a study finds. Similar programs have been used to treat depression, but this may be the first one tested to prevent it, the researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online programs for mental health problems can be as effective as face-to-face treatment and offer some advantages: Low cost, available at any time and customizable. But they're not panaceas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this experiment, half of the participants were asked to do six half-hour-long exercises that were based on cognitive behavioral therapy and problem-solving therapy, which are techniques commonly used for in-person therapy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the cognitive behavioral therapy, participants were asked to identify positive activities they used to engage in and then are asked to actively plan those activities again. At the next session, participants reflect on their experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the problem-solving therapy, people were asked to create a list of the things that matter most to them in their lives and brainstorm on how to incorporate those things into daily life. They next were asked to categorize problems and worries into \"manageable\" and \"unmanageable;\" the main focus in problem-solving therapy is to tackle those problems that are considered manageable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both cognitive-behavioral therapy and problem-solving therapy are intended to change negative thinking in order to alter mood and behavior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After completing each exercise, participants in the intervention group received written individualized feedback from an online trainer. The trainers did not offer any therapeutic advice, only motivation and encouragement to continue the exercises. Participants also could repeat the online sessions as often as they liked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The control group received information about depression but was under no obligation to read it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, which was conducted by researchers from Leuphana University in Lueneburg, Germany, recruited 406 people with subthreshold depression, which is defined as having some symptoms of depression but not enough to be diagnosed with major depressive disorder. It was \u003ca href=\"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=2518266\">published\u003c/a> Tuesday in \u003cem>JAMA\u003c/em>, the journal of the American Medical Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 406 participants that began the study, 335 completed the telephone follow-up at the end of 12 months. Twenty-seven percent in the intervention group experienced depression compared with 41 percent in the control group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is unclear if the people who went on to develop major depressive disorder had experienced it before. Lead author \u003ca href=\"http://fox.leuphana.de/portal/de/persons/claudia-buntrock(8d1eda51-f2ab-49e7-bbbd-069d85ae083f).html\">Claudia Buntrock\u003c/a>, a PhD candidate in clinical psychology at Leuphana, says that because the study only tracked participants' mental health over the course of 12 months, the long-term effectiveness of the intervention is unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's also not clear if this kind of program could be scaled up. It took the trainers about 30 minutes to provide feedback for each session, and they also stayed in touch with participants via instant messaging, Buntrock says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/11/12/455743090/depressed-look-for-help-from-a-human-not-a-computer\">experiments \u003c/a>with online therapy have found that people didn't continue it if it wasn't guided by an actual human. One reason could be that when people are depressed, they can have a hard time getting motivated to do things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"More studies are needed to evaluate the preventive effects of unguided web-based interventions on the onset of major depressive disorder,\" Buntrock wrote in an email. Still, Buntrock seems pleased with the results, especially since the German insurance company BARMER GEK that sponsored the trial is now providing it to its customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was surprised by the big response to our study,\" Buntrock wrote. \"And of course, I'm surprised about what happens now; that a health insurance company offers the intervention to its members. It's a success story you might dream of when you start, but it actually seeing to happen is a great feeling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=An+Online+Program+May+Help+Prevent+Depression+In+Some+People&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Though it's the world's top infectious killer, tuberculosis is surprisingly tricky to diagnose. Scientists think that video gamers can help them create a better diagnostic test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Players of a Web-based game called \u003ca href=\"http://www.eternagame.org/\">EteRNA\u003c/a> will try to design a sensor molecule that could potentially make diagnosing TB as easy as taking a home pregnancy test. The TB puzzle marks the launch of \"EteRNA Medicine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of rallying gamers to fight TB arose as two young Stanford University professors chatted over dinner at a \u003ca href=\"http://bigdata.stanford.edu/pastevents/2015speakers.html\">conference\u003c/a> last May. \u003ca href=\"https://daslab.stanford.edu/\">Rhiju Das\u003c/a>, a biochemist who helped create EteRNA, told bioinformatician \u003ca href=\"https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/purveshkumar-khatri\">Purvesh Khatri\u003c/a> about the game, which challenges nonexperts to design RNA molecules that fold into target shapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RNA molecules play key roles in biology and disease. Some brain disorders can be traced to problems with RNA folding. Viruses such as H1N1 flu and HIV depend on RNA elements to replicate and infect cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Das wants to \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJEGaDa8GwQ\">fight fire with fire\u003c/a>\" — that is, to disrupt the RNA involved in a disease or virus by crafting new tools that are themselves made of RNA molecules. EteRNA players learn RNA design principles with each puzzle they solve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khatri was intrigued by the notion of engaging the public to solve problems. His lab develops novel diagnostics using publicly available data sets. The team had just published a paper on a set of genes that could help diagnose sepsis and had other papers under review on influenza and TB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \"Aha!\" moment during their dinner chat, Khatri says, he and Das realized \"how awesome it would be to sequentially merge our two approaches — to use public data to find a diagnostic marker for a disease, and then use the public's help to develop the test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TB seemed opportune as it has a simple diagnostic signature — a set of three human genes that turn up or down predictably after TB infection. When checked across gene data on thousands of blood samples from 14 groups of people around the globe, the behavior of the three-gene set readily identified people with active TB, distinguishing them from individuals who had latent TB or other diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those findings, \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(16)00048-5/abstract\">published\u003c/a> in February, have gotten serious attention — not only from curious patients and doctors but also from humanitarian groups eager to help bring a better TB test to market. It can currently take several tests to tell whether a person has active TB, including a chest X-ray and sputum test. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has started sending data to help the Stanford team validate a test based on the newly identified TB gene signature, says study leader Khatri, who works at the university's \u003ca href=\"http://bmir.stanford.edu/\">Center for Biomedical Informatics Research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test under development would use a common method called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to probe samples for specific \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/mrna-messenger-rna-160\">messenger RNAs\u003c/a> — single-stranded molecules that carry portions of the genes' DNA code to parts of the cell where proteins are made. PCR is a mainstay of modern laboratories, but it requires machines that aren't always available in rural areas or developing countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Das thinks EteRNA players could help create a simpler TB test. The test would need a \"switch\" molecule — one that switches its shape when it senses that concentrations of the three signature RNAs are just so. If such a molecule existed, Das says, diagnosing TB could be as easy as reading a home pregnancy kit, in which sensor molecules embedded on test strips react with a signature hormone to produce colored bands indicating a positive result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest EteRNA puzzles have prepared players for the TB challenge by teaching them how to create RNA molecules that switch their folding patterns in the presence of other chemicals or molecules. Earlier EteRNA puzzles didn't have the switch component; they simply asked players to arrange RNA's four building blocks into sequences to create strands that fold into desired shapes. Before the game went public in early 2011, EteRNA started as an RNA hack of Foldit, a crowdsourcing project that leverages similar problem-solving skills to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2011/10/02/140979241/when-scientists-fail-its-time-to-call-in-the-gamers\">predict how proteins are folded\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in one regard EteRNA is fundamentally different. Whereas in Foldit players' predictions were compared against computer simulations, EteRNA puzzle solutions are scored by real molecules. Players vote on each batch of RNA designs, and winning structures get synthesized in a Stanford biochemistry lab. Insights gained from \"wet lab\" experiments with the synthesized molecules help players design more complex molecules in subsequent puzzles. EteRNA was conceived as an \"Internet-scale citizen science project that includes actual experiments as part of the game play,\" Das says. The game is accessible at \u003ca href=\"http://www.eternagame.org/\">www.eternagame.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The game has attracted more than 100,000 players so far. \"You can start out not knowing any of the science,\" says Jeff Anderson-Lee, a computer systems manager at UC Berkeley who got hooked on EteRNA 4 1/2 years ago. In early rounds, EteRNA guides players through small tasks that teach the rules of the game. \"You start to get a sense for what things go together to make an RNA design fold the way you want,\" Anderson-Lee says. \"While you're doing that, you're gaining points and rising in rank.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Games like EteRNA and Foldit show just how far citizen science has come. Foldit made a splash in 2011 when nonexpert players took just several weeks to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2011/09/19/140606555/gamers-solve-stubborn-viral-mystery-the-shape-of-a-key-enzyme\">solve the structure\u003c/a> of an enzyme important for replication of an AIDS-like virus — a problem that had stumped scientists for the previous decade. As for EteRNA players, they aren't just glued to their screens solving puzzles over lunch. They're diving into the RNA literature and pushing science forward by forming and testing their own hypotheses, even organizing their own \u003ca href=\"http://eternawiki.org/wiki/index.php5/Eternacon\">conferences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Anderson-Lee and other top gamers published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022283615006567%20\">report\u003c/a> in the \u003cem>Journal of Molecular Biology \u003c/em>— which many consider the first peer-reviewed publication of research entirely conceived and carried out by citizen scientists. In another crowdsourcing victory published last month, nonexperts who played a quantum mechanics game developed strategies that \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v532/n7598/full/nature17620.html\">outperformed\u003c/a> scientists' computer algorithms. And this week, EteRNA Medicine will engage citizen scientists with its first puzzle aimed at a specific disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now wait, you might be thinking, can't computers be trained to do this stuff? \"On some level, the answer is likely yes,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~./treuille/\">Adrien Treuille\u003c/a>, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University who worked with Das to develop EteRNA. \"We should be able to train computers to solve RNA puzzles, and they should be able to do it more quickly and with fewer errors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the rub: Artificial intelligence may churn out an answer but won't tell you how it got there. Treuille says \"the crux of the human aspect of science is looking at data and coming up with understandable explanations for it — and asking new questions you didn't initially think to ask.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Game on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.estherlandhuis.com\">Esther Landhuis\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a freelance science journalist in the San Francisco Bay Area. Follow her at @elandhuis.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Can+An+Online+Game+Help+Create+A+Better+Test+For+TB%3F&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Though it's the world's top infectious killer, tuberculosis is surprisingly tricky to diagnose. Scientists think that video gamers can help them create a better diagnostic test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Players of a Web-based game called \u003ca href=\"http://www.eternagame.org/\">EteRNA\u003c/a> will try to design a sensor molecule that could potentially make diagnosing TB as easy as taking a home pregnancy test. The TB puzzle marks the launch of \"EteRNA Medicine.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea of rallying gamers to fight TB arose as two young Stanford University professors chatted over dinner at a \u003ca href=\"http://bigdata.stanford.edu/pastevents/2015speakers.html\">conference\u003c/a> last May. \u003ca href=\"https://daslab.stanford.edu/\">Rhiju Das\u003c/a>, a biochemist who helped create EteRNA, told bioinformatician \u003ca href=\"https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/purveshkumar-khatri\">Purvesh Khatri\u003c/a> about the game, which challenges nonexperts to design RNA molecules that fold into target shapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RNA molecules play key roles in biology and disease. Some brain disorders can be traced to problems with RNA folding. Viruses such as H1N1 flu and HIV depend on RNA elements to replicate and infect cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Das wants to \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MJEGaDa8GwQ\">fight fire with fire\u003c/a>\" — that is, to disrupt the RNA involved in a disease or virus by crafting new tools that are themselves made of RNA molecules. EteRNA players learn RNA design principles with each puzzle they solve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khatri was intrigued by the notion of engaging the public to solve problems. His lab develops novel diagnostics using publicly available data sets. The team had just published a paper on a set of genes that could help diagnose sepsis and had other papers under review on influenza and TB.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \"Aha!\" moment during their dinner chat, Khatri says, he and Das realized \"how awesome it would be to sequentially merge our two approaches — to use public data to find a diagnostic marker for a disease, and then use the public's help to develop the test.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TB seemed opportune as it has a simple diagnostic signature — a set of three human genes that turn up or down predictably after TB infection. When checked across gene data on thousands of blood samples from 14 groups of people around the globe, the behavior of the three-gene set readily identified people with active TB, distinguishing them from individuals who had latent TB or other diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those findings, \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(16)00048-5/abstract\">published\u003c/a> in February, have gotten serious attention — not only from curious patients and doctors but also from humanitarian groups eager to help bring a better TB test to market. It can currently take several tests to tell whether a person has active TB, including a chest X-ray and sputum test. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has started sending data to help the Stanford team validate a test based on the newly identified TB gene signature, says study leader Khatri, who works at the university's \u003ca href=\"http://bmir.stanford.edu/\">Center for Biomedical Informatics Research\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test under development would use a common method called polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to probe samples for specific \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/mrna-messenger-rna-160\">messenger RNAs\u003c/a> — single-stranded molecules that carry portions of the genes' DNA code to parts of the cell where proteins are made. PCR is a mainstay of modern laboratories, but it requires machines that aren't always available in rural areas or developing countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Das thinks EteRNA players could help create a simpler TB test. The test would need a \"switch\" molecule — one that switches its shape when it senses that concentrations of the three signature RNAs are just so. If such a molecule existed, Das says, diagnosing TB could be as easy as reading a home pregnancy kit, in which sensor molecules embedded on test strips react with a signature hormone to produce colored bands indicating a positive result.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest EteRNA puzzles have prepared players for the TB challenge by teaching them how to create RNA molecules that switch their folding patterns in the presence of other chemicals or molecules. Earlier EteRNA puzzles didn't have the switch component; they simply asked players to arrange RNA's four building blocks into sequences to create strands that fold into desired shapes. Before the game went public in early 2011, EteRNA started as an RNA hack of Foldit, a crowdsourcing project that leverages similar problem-solving skills to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2011/10/02/140979241/when-scientists-fail-its-time-to-call-in-the-gamers\">predict how proteins are folded\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in one regard EteRNA is fundamentally different. Whereas in Foldit players' predictions were compared against computer simulations, EteRNA puzzle solutions are scored by real molecules. Players vote on each batch of RNA designs, and winning structures get synthesized in a Stanford biochemistry lab. Insights gained from \"wet lab\" experiments with the synthesized molecules help players design more complex molecules in subsequent puzzles. EteRNA was conceived as an \"Internet-scale citizen science project that includes actual experiments as part of the game play,\" Das says. The game is accessible at \u003ca href=\"http://www.eternagame.org/\">www.eternagame.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The game has attracted more than 100,000 players so far. \"You can start out not knowing any of the science,\" says Jeff Anderson-Lee, a computer systems manager at UC Berkeley who got hooked on EteRNA 4 1/2 years ago. In early rounds, EteRNA guides players through small tasks that teach the rules of the game. \"You start to get a sense for what things go together to make an RNA design fold the way you want,\" Anderson-Lee says. \"While you're doing that, you're gaining points and rising in rank.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Games like EteRNA and Foldit show just how far citizen science has come. Foldit made a splash in 2011 when nonexpert players took just several weeks to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2011/09/19/140606555/gamers-solve-stubborn-viral-mystery-the-shape-of-a-key-enzyme\">solve the structure\u003c/a> of an enzyme important for replication of an AIDS-like virus — a problem that had stumped scientists for the previous decade. As for EteRNA players, they aren't just glued to their screens solving puzzles over lunch. They're diving into the RNA literature and pushing science forward by forming and testing their own hypotheses, even organizing their own \u003ca href=\"http://eternawiki.org/wiki/index.php5/Eternacon\">conferences\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Anderson-Lee and other top gamers published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022283615006567%20\">report\u003c/a> in the \u003cem>Journal of Molecular Biology \u003c/em>— which many consider the first peer-reviewed publication of research entirely conceived and carried out by citizen scientists. In another crowdsourcing victory published last month, nonexperts who played a quantum mechanics game developed strategies that \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v532/n7598/full/nature17620.html\">outperformed\u003c/a> scientists' computer algorithms. And this week, EteRNA Medicine will engage citizen scientists with its first puzzle aimed at a specific disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now wait, you might be thinking, can't computers be trained to do this stuff? \"On some level, the answer is likely yes,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~./treuille/\">Adrien Treuille\u003c/a>, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University who worked with Das to develop EteRNA. \"We should be able to train computers to solve RNA puzzles, and they should be able to do it more quickly and with fewer errors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the rub: Artificial intelligence may churn out an answer but won't tell you how it got there. Treuille says \"the crux of the human aspect of science is looking at data and coming up with understandable explanations for it — and asking new questions you didn't initially think to ask.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Game on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Apple is edging its way a little further into health care with the release of new iPhone apps that patients can use to manage their own medical conditions — from diabetes to pregnancy and even depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there are hundreds of health-related apps on the market, Apple wants to put its stamp on a new ecosystem of treatment programs. Rather than build the apps itself, the tech giant developed a set of software tools and templates, called \"CareKit,\" that health-care groups and health-tech startups can use to create their own programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it wanted to help developers build easy-to-use apps for patients to record symptoms, get useful information, track their progress and even send reports to a doctor. Experts say the CareKit program could help bring standards to a relatively new and unruly industry, while giving Apple a toehold in the growing health-tech market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CareKit apps hitting the Apple online store this week include One Drop for diabetics; Start for people taking anti-depression drugs; and two apps from health startup Glow, aimed at women who are pregnant or caring for newborns. Apple says larger organizations, including the University of Rochester and hospitals at the Texas Medical Center, are working on CareKit apps for people with Parkinson's disease and patients who've undergone heart or lung operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These mobile tools can help people reach their health goals,\" said Thomas Goetz of Iodine, a startup that used CareKit in the latest version of its Start app. Along with providing information about side-effects to depression medications, the app asks patients to record their symptoms and answer standardized questions to track how they're doing. Start uses a CareKit feature that lets patients send reports to their doctors; eventually, Goetz said, doctors will be able to respond by adjusting their instructions for medication, diet or exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data stored on iPhones is encrypted, and Iodine's app provides cautions to make sure patients understand they're sending sensitive information to their doctors. Goetz said his company is also developing back-end software for medical offices that will comply with federal confidentiality rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Goetz acknowledged that doctors and insurers \"are still trying to make sense of the world of health care apps. They're trying to understand which ones are valid tools and which aren't necessarily useful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple's software could help validate new apps, he said, by letting developers build on a standardized template from a well-known company whose products are used by large numbers of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it isn't making money directly from CareKit, which grew from tools the company previously developed for researchers to create apps that collect iPhone users' data for health studies. But Apple could benefit if the apps gain wide adoption, making the iPhone an even more useful tool for millions of people with medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even if you can't point to a revenue stream today, being the hub of an ecosystem related to health care could have great value in the future,\" said analyst Jeff Cribbs, who studies health technology for the Gartner research firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple CEO Tim Cook has signaled he believes the iPhone and Apple smartwatch can play a bigger role in health care. But the industry is heavily regulated and Apple has not ventured into making specialized devices that would be subject to federal oversight. Instead, the company leaves it to the developers who use Apple's software to determine if an individual app meets any health regulations.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Apple is edging its way a little further into health care with the release of new iPhone apps that patients can use to manage their own medical conditions — from diabetes to pregnancy and even depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there are hundreds of health-related apps on the market, Apple wants to put its stamp on a new ecosystem of treatment programs. Rather than build the apps itself, the tech giant developed a set of software tools and templates, called \"CareKit,\" that health-care groups and health-tech startups can use to create their own programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it wanted to help developers build easy-to-use apps for patients to record symptoms, get useful information, track their progress and even send reports to a doctor. Experts say the CareKit program could help bring standards to a relatively new and unruly industry, while giving Apple a toehold in the growing health-tech market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CareKit apps hitting the Apple online store this week include One Drop for diabetics; Start for people taking anti-depression drugs; and two apps from health startup Glow, aimed at women who are pregnant or caring for newborns. Apple says larger organizations, including the University of Rochester and hospitals at the Texas Medical Center, are working on CareKit apps for people with Parkinson's disease and patients who've undergone heart or lung operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These mobile tools can help people reach their health goals,\" said Thomas Goetz of Iodine, a startup that used CareKit in the latest version of its Start app. Along with providing information about side-effects to depression medications, the app asks patients to record their symptoms and answer standardized questions to track how they're doing. Start uses a CareKit feature that lets patients send reports to their doctors; eventually, Goetz said, doctors will be able to respond by adjusting their instructions for medication, diet or exercise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data stored on iPhones is encrypted, and Iodine's app provides cautions to make sure patients understand they're sending sensitive information to their doctors. Goetz said his company is also developing back-end software for medical offices that will comply with federal confidentiality rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Goetz acknowledged that doctors and insurers \"are still trying to make sense of the world of health care apps. They're trying to understand which ones are valid tools and which aren't necessarily useful.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple's software could help validate new apps, he said, by letting developers build on a standardized template from a well-known company whose products are used by large numbers of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple says it isn't making money directly from CareKit, which grew from tools the company previously developed for researchers to create apps that collect iPhone users' data for health studies. But Apple could benefit if the apps gain wide adoption, making the iPhone an even more useful tool for millions of people with medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even if you can't point to a revenue stream today, being the hub of an ecosystem related to health care could have great value in the future,\" said analyst Jeff Cribbs, who studies health technology for the Gartner research firm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple CEO Tim Cook has signaled he believes the iPhone and Apple smartwatch can play a bigger role in health care. But the industry is heavily regulated and Apple has not ventured into making specialized devices that would be subject to federal oversight. Instead, the company leaves it to the developers who use Apple's software to determine if an individual app meets any health regulations.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>One of the mythic narratives that underlies the Bay Area’s startup culture goes like this: An entrepreneurial wunderkind identifies a problem, develops an app to solve that problem, and ends up changing people’s lives for the better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes it actually happens that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Problem\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRael Imali owns and operates two pharmacies in Majengo, a crowded, very poor neighborhood on the outskirts of Nairobi, Kenya. Many of her customers live on less than $2 day and rely on her shop as a primary source of health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hardest part is being able to provide all the drugs [my customers] need, at a price that’s affordable,” Imali says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knows most of the cheapest drugs on the market are counterfeit. But she can’t know from looking at the drugs she orders which ones are fake or diluted -- she only finds out whether something wrong if a patient has a bad experience. \u003ca href=\"http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/8/e002923.full#T3\" target=\"_blank\">Recent studies\u003c/a> estimate 26 to 44 percent of the medicine sold in parts of Africa is either counterfeit or of poor quality, causing an estimated 70,000 deaths every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The App\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before starting medical school at Stanford University, Jessica Vernon lived in Kenya for two years -- just one of those random life choices made by a postgrad -- working for an NGO and a University of California, San Francisco cancer program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vernon soon discovered that access to safe drugs was a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2015/04/20/why-researchers-say-fake-and-low-quality-drugs-are-a-global-pandemic/\" target=\"_blank\">serious issue\u003c/a> around the world. Counterfeit drugs are hard to avoid because regulations are weak and the profit for successful counterfeiters is high -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/4/10-020410/en/\" target=\"_blank\">estimated \u003c/a>globally at more than $75 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when Vernon returned to Stanford, where she'd gotten her economics degree, she went to work on the problem with some friends from her undergraduate days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They hired a Google software engineer and started developing a sales and inventory app that could meet a Kenyan chemist’s specific needs: a low-cost tool that could work with poor Internet service and irregular electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_136680\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-136680\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"A Miti Health employee testing medications for quality.\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-800x480.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-400x240.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-768x461.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-1180x708.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-960x576.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Miti Health employee testing medications for quality. \u003ccite>(Miti Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How It Works\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTwo years later, there are 20 pharmacies in western Kenya using the \u003ca href=\"http://mitihealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Miti Health\u003c/a> app, which runs on an Android tablet and transmits data—very slowly, but without the need for Wi-Fi—over the Kenyan cellphone network. Pharmacists rent the app for $10 a month and must purchase their own tablet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Imali can manage orders for her two pharmacies from one location, track the quality of the drugs she orders, and get updates on drug quality from the Kenyan-based Miti Health lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab runs low-cost, quality-control tests to detect counterfeits of pharmaceutical products like deworming medication, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4064812/\" target=\"_blank\">antimalarial drugs\u003c/a> and antibiotics. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the mythic narratives that underlies the Bay Area’s startup culture goes like this: An entrepreneurial wunderkind identifies a problem, develops an app to solve that problem, and ends up changing people’s lives for the better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes it actually happens that way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Problem\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nRael Imali owns and operates two pharmacies in Majengo, a crowded, very poor neighborhood on the outskirts of Nairobi, Kenya. Many of her customers live on less than $2 day and rely on her shop as a primary source of health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hardest part is being able to provide all the drugs [my customers] need, at a price that’s affordable,” Imali says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knows most of the cheapest drugs on the market are counterfeit. But she can’t know from looking at the drugs she orders which ones are fake or diluted -- she only finds out whether something wrong if a patient has a bad experience. \u003ca href=\"http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/8/e002923.full#T3\" target=\"_blank\">Recent studies\u003c/a> estimate 26 to 44 percent of the medicine sold in parts of Africa is either counterfeit or of poor quality, causing an estimated 70,000 deaths every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The App\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before starting medical school at Stanford University, Jessica Vernon lived in Kenya for two years -- just one of those random life choices made by a postgrad -- working for an NGO and a University of California, San Francisco cancer program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vernon soon discovered that access to safe drugs was a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2015/04/20/why-researchers-say-fake-and-low-quality-drugs-are-a-global-pandemic/\" target=\"_blank\">serious issue\u003c/a> around the world. Counterfeit drugs are hard to avoid because regulations are weak and the profit for successful counterfeiters is high -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/88/4/10-020410/en/\" target=\"_blank\">estimated \u003c/a>globally at more than $75 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when Vernon returned to Stanford, where she'd gotten her economics degree, she went to work on the problem with some friends from her undergraduate days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They hired a Google software engineer and started developing a sales and inventory app that could meet a Kenyan chemist’s specific needs: a low-cost tool that could work with poor Internet service and irregular electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_136680\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-136680\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"A Miti Health employee testing medications for quality.\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-800x480.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-400x240.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-768x461.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-1180x708.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab-960x576.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/Victor-and-Minilab.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Miti Health employee testing medications for quality. \u003ccite>(Miti Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How It Works\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTwo years later, there are 20 pharmacies in western Kenya using the \u003ca href=\"http://mitihealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Miti Health\u003c/a> app, which runs on an Android tablet and transmits data—very slowly, but without the need for Wi-Fi—over the Kenyan cellphone network. Pharmacists rent the app for $10 a month and must purchase their own tablet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Imali can manage orders for her two pharmacies from one location, track the quality of the drugs she orders, and get updates on drug quality from the Kenyan-based Miti Health lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab runs low-cost, quality-control tests to detect counterfeits of pharmaceutical products like deworming medication, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4064812/\" target=\"_blank\">antimalarial drugs\u003c/a> and antibiotics. Miti hires mystery shoppers to purchase the targeted drugs from randomly selected pharmacies in various regions of Kenya.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's always important to use local staff from the specific region and who make purchases in the local language in order to best mirror a customer's real experience and likelihood of getting fake medicines,\" says Jennifer Stutsman, Miti director in Kenya. \"Even dress matters to avoid perceived bias from the chemist or pharmacy on what a customer is able or willing to pay for, so all the shoppers are instructed to dress casually.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any drug that fails the initial Miti threshold test, meaning it contains less than 80 percent of the medication's active pharmaceutical ingredient, gets sent to partners AMPATH and the University of Notre Dame for a more extensive screening that more precisely identifies what's in the medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stutsman says the fake medications they find are usually sold under generic labels, but occasionally Miti finds ersatz major brand- name products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Miti provides data on the quality of each drug they test to the pharmacists using the app. So far, 26 percent of the 412 medicines they've evaluated have failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Miti team is continuing to raise funds to expand its pharmaceutical testing and aims to serve 100 pharmacists by the end of 2016.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The products on display at this year's \u003ca href=\"https://stanfordcpx.wordpress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Stanford Cool Products Expo\u003c/a> Wednesday were, well, cool. As far as how useful they will prove to be ... Who knows? The gadgets on offer ranged from those of the \"How does that work?\" variety to those in the \"\u003cem>Does\u003c/em> that work?\" category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the expo's exhibitor coordinator, Steven Willinger, the products are selected after a team brainstorms a list of companies and products, also consulting with investors and Stanford faculty. Certain companies are invited to apply; others make pitches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, with revenue estimates for wearables and other health devices \u003ca href=\"http://finance.yahoo.com/news/global-wearable-devices-healthcare-markets-154600119.html\">soaring\u003c/a>, it's no surprise that category was featured prominently at the expo. Here are a few we looked at. \u003cem>Caveat emptor\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Baby Talk\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nResearch by Stanford psychologist \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/news/2014/february/fernald-AAAS-children-021414.html\" target=\"_blank\">Anne Fernald\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://literacy.rice.edu/thirty-million-word-gap\" target=\"_blank\">others \u003c/a>has shown that the more words children hear during infancy, the better their language skills and performance in school. Fernald's research inspired the founding of \u003ca href=\"https://www.versame.com/\" target=\"_blank\">VersaMe\u003c/a>, which makes Starling, a gadget designed to encourage conversation -- if that's the word --- with your child under four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-150782\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-150782\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame-400x550.png\" alt=\"versame\" width=\"300\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame-400x550.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame-436x600.png 436w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame.png 691w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>You clip the star-shaped device, which is enclosed in a soft, drool-proof casing, on or near your child. Using proprietary algorithms, Starling tracks the number of words spoken to and by the child. Babbling sounds count as words, and any language is fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flashing lights turn green as the word count nears your predetermined target. If you feel your baby talk is lacking, the company provides some suggested activities to get the words flowing. You can preorder Starling for $169.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vital Signs\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nNo need to wear any gadgets here. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lifedetectiontechnologies.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Life Detection Technologies\u003c/a> has developed a way to monitor your breathing and heart rate with hardly any contact, measuring how your pumping heart and breathing lungs change an electric field around your body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emeKu7CuTsQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's demonstration uses a thin aluminum sheet layered inside a chair to generate a weak electric field. Take a seat, and when your heart and lungs pump and breathe, changing their shapes, an electrical property called \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=permittivvity\" target=\"_blank\">permittivity\u003c/a> alters the electrical field. You sit in the chair and a coin-sized sensor measures those changes, processing the signal. The sensor sends the data to a smartphone app or other external device, which displays your breathing and heart rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One application of the technology is putting it in the seats of vehicles to make sure drivers don't get drowsy. But the field generator doesn't need to be embedded in a chair. For example, instead of aluminum sheets, the company has designed an electrical- conducting fabric made of silver and nylon. Eric Howie, the company's founder, envisions sewing the fabric and sensor together into a crib's mattress pad, to serve as a a baby monitor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Wearable Personal Trainer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2QTLD-gwg8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These thin, tight-fitting outfits are designed to help train athletes. The washable shirts and pants are fitted with 10 sensors that track your motion. The data feeds back into your smartphone, which you can use to ensure you're using proper form and speed during exercise. \u003ca href=\"http://www.getenflux.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Enflux\u003c/a>, the company that makes the suits, is selling them for weightlifting and running. But Enflux envisions athletes using them in all kinds of sports. Maybe, says the company's Mickey Ferri, basketball fans can someday use it to mimic Steph Curry's shooting form. Prices start at $249.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-150789\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-150789 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"neurosky\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky.jpg 1404w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Control Your Mind\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPut on this headpiece and give it a piece of your mind. The \u003ca href=\"http://store.neurosky.com/\" target=\"_blank\">MindWave Mobile Headset\u003c/a>, made by NeuroSky, is your personal electroencephalogram (EEG) machine, tracking your brainwaves so you can watch them in real time and train to adjust your mental state. That can help you improve business interactions or activities like golfing, says Masamine Someha, a hardware engineering manager for NeuroSky. The company says the technology has been used to help U.S. Olympic archers. The headset sells for $99.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Smart Light\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis lamp mimics the rising and setting sun by changing its color and angle of light based on the time of day. Brian Hoskins, CEO and founder of \u003ca href=\"http://www.arioliving.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Ario\u003c/a>, says the idea is to support the body's circadian rhythm, contributing to a good night's sleep and overall health. The light, which you can preorder for $299, is hooked up to Wi-Fi, so it knows your location and what season it is. Based on how you use it—when you turn it off to go to bed at night, for example—it learns and adjusts its lighting and dimming pattern to fit your schedule. You can control the device with your phone, tablet, compute or buttons on the lamp itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[vimeo 144448243 w=640 h=360]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The products on display at this year's \u003ca href=\"https://stanfordcpx.wordpress.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Stanford Cool Products Expo\u003c/a> Wednesday were, well, cool. As far as how useful they will prove to be ... Who knows? The gadgets on offer ranged from those of the \"How does that work?\" variety to those in the \"\u003cem>Does\u003c/em> that work?\" category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the expo's exhibitor coordinator, Steven Willinger, the products are selected after a team brainstorms a list of companies and products, also consulting with investors and Stanford faculty. Certain companies are invited to apply; others make pitches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, with revenue estimates for wearables and other health devices \u003ca href=\"http://finance.yahoo.com/news/global-wearable-devices-healthcare-markets-154600119.html\">soaring\u003c/a>, it's no surprise that category was featured prominently at the expo. Here are a few we looked at. \u003cem>Caveat emptor\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Baby Talk\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nResearch by Stanford psychologist \u003ca href=\"http://news.stanford.edu/news/2014/february/fernald-AAAS-children-021414.html\" target=\"_blank\">Anne Fernald\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://literacy.rice.edu/thirty-million-word-gap\" target=\"_blank\">others \u003c/a>has shown that the more words children hear during infancy, the better their language skills and performance in school. Fernald's research inspired the founding of \u003ca href=\"https://www.versame.com/\" target=\"_blank\">VersaMe\u003c/a>, which makes Starling, a gadget designed to encourage conversation -- if that's the word --- with your child under four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame.png\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-150782\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-150782\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame-400x550.png\" alt=\"versame\" width=\"300\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame-400x550.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame-436x600.png 436w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/versame.png 691w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\u003c/a>You clip the star-shaped device, which is enclosed in a soft, drool-proof casing, on or near your child. Using proprietary algorithms, Starling tracks the number of words spoken to and by the child. Babbling sounds count as words, and any language is fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flashing lights turn green as the word count nears your predetermined target. If you feel your baby talk is lacking, the company provides some suggested activities to get the words flowing. You can preorder Starling for $169.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vital Signs\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nNo need to wear any gadgets here. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lifedetectiontechnologies.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Life Detection Technologies\u003c/a> has developed a way to monitor your breathing and heart rate with hardly any contact, measuring how your pumping heart and breathing lungs change an electric field around your body.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/emeKu7CuTsQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/emeKu7CuTsQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The company's demonstration uses a thin aluminum sheet layered inside a chair to generate a weak electric field. Take a seat, and when your heart and lungs pump and breathe, changing their shapes, an electrical property called \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=permittivvity\" target=\"_blank\">permittivity\u003c/a> alters the electrical field. You sit in the chair and a coin-sized sensor measures those changes, processing the signal. The sensor sends the data to a smartphone app or other external device, which displays your breathing and heart rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One application of the technology is putting it in the seats of vehicles to make sure drivers don't get drowsy. But the field generator doesn't need to be embedded in a chair. For example, instead of aluminum sheets, the company has designed an electrical- conducting fabric made of silver and nylon. Eric Howie, the company's founder, envisions sewing the fabric and sensor together into a crib's mattress pad, to serve as a a baby monitor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Wearable Personal Trainer\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/R2QTLD-gwg8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/R2QTLD-gwg8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>These thin, tight-fitting outfits are designed to help train athletes. The washable shirts and pants are fitted with 10 sensors that track your motion. The data feeds back into your smartphone, which you can use to ensure you're using proper form and speed during exercise. \u003ca href=\"http://www.getenflux.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Enflux\u003c/a>, the company that makes the suits, is selling them for weightlifting and running. But Enflux envisions athletes using them in all kinds of sports. Maybe, says the company's Mickey Ferri, basketball fans can someday use it to mimic Steph Curry's shooting form. Prices start at $249.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-150789\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-150789 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-400x267.jpg\" alt=\"neurosky\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/04/neurosky.jpg 1404w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Control Your Mind\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPut on this headpiece and give it a piece of your mind. The \u003ca href=\"http://store.neurosky.com/\" target=\"_blank\">MindWave Mobile Headset\u003c/a>, made by NeuroSky, is your personal electroencephalogram (EEG) machine, tracking your brainwaves so you can watch them in real time and train to adjust your mental state. That can help you improve business interactions or activities like golfing, says Masamine Someha, a hardware engineering manager for NeuroSky. The company says the technology has been used to help U.S. Olympic archers. The headset sells for $99.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Smart Light\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThis lamp mimics the rising and setting sun by changing its color and angle of light based on the time of day. Brian Hoskins, CEO and founder of \u003ca href=\"http://www.arioliving.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Ario\u003c/a>, says the idea is to support the body's circadian rhythm, contributing to a good night's sleep and overall health. The light, which you can preorder for $299, is hooked up to Wi-Fi, so it knows your location and what season it is. Based on how you use it—when you turn it off to go to bed at night, for example—it learns and adjusts its lighting and dimming pattern to fit your schedule. You can control the device with your phone, tablet, compute or buttons on the lamp itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When I picture a device measuring brain activity, clunky headgear with lots of external wires comes to mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now tracking brain signals may soon be possible through a \u003cem>smart hat -- \u003c/em>with tiny antennas sewn into the fabric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered how to embroider circuits into fabric with 0.1 mm precision. They say ultra-thin metallic thread is the perfect size to mesh electronic components like sensors and chips into textiles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the past [the embroidered wires] had an error of 30 percent. That was not acceptable,\" says John Volakis, director of the ElectroScience Laboratory at Ohio State University. \"We now can do controllable performance with an error of just a fraction of a percent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"zXei0ezQiaAtrk9tpC2XvSNatWtB8HFR\"] The advancement is the next step in functional textiles -- clothes that gather, store or transmit digital information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Promising Medical Applications\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think portable sensors and antennas sewn into fabrics caps could be paired with \u003ca href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1344928\" target=\"_blank\">technology, \u003c/a>now in development, to enable tracking of deep brain activity through wireless implants. The combination would allow for 24-hour brain monitoring in patients with neurological conditions like epilepsy or Parkinson's disease. Currently, doctors can only monitor patient's brain activity while they're in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other applications for embroidered circuits could include imaging sensors in T-shirts, which could measure the growth of a tumor or detect fluid in lungs, research scientist Asimina Kiourti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volakis is especially excited that smart clothes could benefit senior citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine when an elderly person falls down, you could detect the event,\" he says. \"You could monitor the vitals for elderly people in a T-shirt. Or you could sense glucose levels and heart rates. This is not an appendage, this is part of your clothes. They don’t even know they’re wearing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Precision Embroidering = Cutting Edge Technology\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Functional textiles, also called e-textiles, are created in part on a typical sewing machine. The researchers substitute traditional thread with ultra-thin metal wires, which once embroidered feels just like fabric thread. Each filament is copper at the center, enameled with pure silver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We started with a technology that is very well-known--machine embroidery--and we asked, how can we functionalize embroidered shapes?\" Volakis says. \"How do we make them transmit signals at useful frequencies, like for cell phones or health sensors?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, for the first time, we've achieved the accuracy of printed metal circuit boards, so our new goal is to take advantage of the precision to incorporate receivers and other electronic components.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is There a Market?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research team has manufactured prototypes that cost a fraction of the amount and take half the time to create compared to similar products just two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The next step is to have all these antennas and circuits integrated fashionably into clothing,\" says Kiourti. \"No one is going to buy something with a large antenna sticking out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiourti says Fitbits and smartwatches are paving the way for wearables, but a $100 T-shirt will still be a tough sell, so lowering cost will be a key factor in developing products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research has been published online in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=7110536\" target=\"_blank\">IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When I picture a device measuring brain activity, clunky headgear with lots of external wires comes to mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now tracking brain signals may soon be possible through a \u003cem>smart hat -- \u003c/em>with tiny antennas sewn into the fabric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered how to embroider circuits into fabric with 0.1 mm precision. They say ultra-thin metallic thread is the perfect size to mesh electronic components like sensors and chips into textiles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the past [the embroidered wires] had an error of 30 percent. That was not acceptable,\" says John Volakis, director of the ElectroScience Laboratory at Ohio State University. \"We now can do controllable performance with an error of just a fraction of a percent.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp> The advancement is the next step in functional textiles -- clothes that gather, store or transmit digital information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Promising Medical Applications\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers think portable sensors and antennas sewn into fabrics caps could be paired with \u003ca href=\"http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1344928\" target=\"_blank\">technology, \u003c/a>now in development, to enable tracking of deep brain activity through wireless implants. The combination would allow for 24-hour brain monitoring in patients with neurological conditions like epilepsy or Parkinson's disease. Currently, doctors can only monitor patient's brain activity while they're in the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other applications for embroidered circuits could include imaging sensors in T-shirts, which could measure the growth of a tumor or detect fluid in lungs, research scientist Asimina Kiourti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Volakis is especially excited that smart clothes could benefit senior citizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Imagine when an elderly person falls down, you could detect the event,\" he says. \"You could monitor the vitals for elderly people in a T-shirt. Or you could sense glucose levels and heart rates. This is not an appendage, this is part of your clothes. They don’t even know they’re wearing it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Precision Embroidering = Cutting Edge Technology\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Functional textiles, also called e-textiles, are created in part on a typical sewing machine. The researchers substitute traditional thread with ultra-thin metal wires, which once embroidered feels just like fabric thread. Each filament is copper at the center, enameled with pure silver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We started with a technology that is very well-known--machine embroidery--and we asked, how can we functionalize embroidered shapes?\" Volakis says. \"How do we make them transmit signals at useful frequencies, like for cell phones or health sensors?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now, for the first time, we've achieved the accuracy of printed metal circuit boards, so our new goal is to take advantage of the precision to incorporate receivers and other electronic components.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is There a Market?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research team has manufactured prototypes that cost a fraction of the amount and take half the time to create compared to similar products just two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The next step is to have all these antennas and circuits integrated fashionably into clothing,\" says Kiourti. \"No one is going to buy something with a large antenna sticking out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kiourti says Fitbits and smartwatches are paving the way for wearables, but a $100 T-shirt will still be a tough sell, so lowering cost will be a key factor in developing products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research has been published online in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?reload=true&arnumber=7110536\" target=\"_blank\">IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A college student in New Jersey, tired of his crooked teeth, decided to fix them — all by himself, using a 3-D printer and other digital fabrication tools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amos Dudley is about to graduate from the New Jersey Institute of Technology with a degree in digital design. The 24-year-old is a self-described hard core geek with a passion for 3-D printing. So it was this technology he turned to \u003ca href=\"http://amosdudley.com/weblog/Ortho\">when he decided he wanted to straighten his teeth\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dudley had the idea to make a series of dental devices known as aligners using one of the 3-D printers at the college. After consulting a couple of orthodontics texts, he got started. First he took some old school impressions of his teeth with a putty-like material he bought online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I pretty much read the instructions on the back of the bag,\" he recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he got seriously high-tech. Dudley used a laser scanner to turn the plaster model he'd made into a digital replica. He used 3-D modeling software and mathematical calculations to figure out how to move his problematic teeth into place. Finally, he made a dozen aligners by melting thin sheets of plastic over the 3-D models of his teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I basically would wear them between one and three weeks each,\" he says. \"I sort of knew to stop wearing a retainer when they no longer felt like they were exerting pressure on my teeth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do orthodontists feel about this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Richard Bloomstein, a professor of orthodontics at the Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, says he was both shocked and impressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Did it work as well as an orthodontist might have done it?\" he says. \"Maybe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bloomstein says the outcome of this amateur orthodontics might've been different if there was decay or bone disease near the teeth Dudley was manipulating,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Certain things are not a bargain, even if they're cheaper,\" he says. \"I would not look for bargains in parachutes. Likewise, bargains in health care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But traditional orthodontic care is expensive — often thousands of dollars — one reason \u003ca href=\"http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/01/a-trip-to-the-mail-box-not-the-orthodontist/\">online services that offer budget dental aligners and don't require office visits\u003c/a> seem to be gaining popularity. Patients need only to send in impressions and smartphone photos of their teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dudley didn't realize he tapped into a market, but he's pretty happy with the way things have turned out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had no idea if this was going to work. It probably only worked in large part because of luck and good initial conditions,\" he says. \"But if there's an idea you have, you just have to try it out. I mean, I had the idea and I went with it, so the outcome was sort of the best I could hope for I guess.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dudley says he's received hundreds of request to make dental aligners and one suggestion from an orthodontist that they go into business together. But he says he has no interest in any of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he's going to work for a 3-D printer manufacturer. The company offered him a job after hearing of his dental handiwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+Jersey+Student+Uses+3-D+Printer+For+DIY+Dental+Work&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I basically would wear them between one and three weeks each,\" he says. \"I sort of knew to stop wearing a retainer when they no longer felt like they were exerting pressure on my teeth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How do orthodontists feel about this?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Richard Bloomstein, a professor of orthodontics at the Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, says he was both shocked and impressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Did it work as well as an orthodontist might have done it?\" he says. \"Maybe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bloomstein says the outcome of this amateur orthodontics might've been different if there was decay or bone disease near the teeth Dudley was manipulating,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Certain things are not a bargain, even if they're cheaper,\" he says. \"I would not look for bargains in parachutes. Likewise, bargains in health care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But traditional orthodontic care is expensive — often thousands of dollars — one reason \u003ca href=\"http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/02/01/a-trip-to-the-mail-box-not-the-orthodontist/\">online services that offer budget dental aligners and don't require office visits\u003c/a> seem to be gaining popularity. Patients need only to send in impressions and smartphone photos of their teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dudley didn't realize he tapped into a market, but he's pretty happy with the way things have turned out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had no idea if this was going to work. It probably only worked in large part because of luck and good initial conditions,\" he says. \"But if there's an idea you have, you just have to try it out. I mean, I had the idea and I went with it, so the outcome was sort of the best I could hope for I guess.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dudley says he's received hundreds of request to make dental aligners and one suggestion from an orthodontist that they go into business together. But he says he has no interest in any of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he's going to work for a 3-D printer manufacturer. The company offered him a job after hearing of his dental handiwork.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+Jersey+Student+Uses+3-D+Printer+For+DIY+Dental+Work&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Wearing a Fitbit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If so, you already know that electronic \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2015/06/17/415267866/as-fitbit-goes-public-it-will-have-to-outrun-competition\">fitness trackers\u003c/a> can let you keep records on your smartphone of how many steps you've walked, how much you've slept, maybe your heart rate, or even where you've been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what can the gadget tell your doctor? A few things that are pretty useful, it turns out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors at an emergency room in New Jersey recently used heart-rate data from a patient's Fitbit to quickly figure out what treatment he needed to get his suddenly irregular heartbeat under control. They \u003ca href=\"http://www.annemergmed.com/article/S0196-0644%2816%2900143-8/abstract\">published\u003c/a> the case study online this month in the \u003cem>Annals of Emergency Medicine\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The patient showed up at the ER after a grand mal seizure, a little foggy and with no idea his heart was in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He came in with atrial fibrillation, and he didn't recognize he was in it,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmedicine.net/content.php?action=showPage&pid=280&cat_id=1\">Dr. Alfred Sacchetti\u003c/a>, head of emergency medicine at the Our Lady of Lourdes Medical Center, in Camden, N.J., tells Shots. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/types\">Atrial fibrillation\u003c/a> is when the two upper chambers of the heart quiver very quickly and erratically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And so the team asked him,\" Sacchetti recalls, \" 'Do you feel your heart racing?' He said, 'No, I really don't feel anything. I feel perfectly fine.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he wasn't fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because a patient with atrial fibrillation is at increased risk of having a stroke. When the heart's chambers aren't in sync, blood may not fully empty from the upper chambers into the lower ones. If it pools long enough in the upper chambers, that blood can clot. A piece of the clot may break off, move through the circulatory system, and block blood flow to the brain — a stroke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when the doctors in New Jersey couldn't determine when the fibrillation began, they had to assume it might have been going on long enough to cause a clot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Our Lady of Lourdes, doctors prefer to treat atrial fibrillation aggressively — shocking the patient's heart to get it back into a normal rhythm, Sacchetti says. If it works, the patient can usually go home the same day, with no medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the abnormal heart beat has been going on for more than 48 hours, the risk of a clot is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that case \"he needs to get admitted to the hospital, put on [medication] to dissolve the clot, if it's there, and then perform a special echocardiogram through the patient's mouth and into the esophagus so you can get a good look at the heart,\" Sacchetti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this patient was wearing a Fitbit fitness tracker that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fitbit.com/chargehr#features\">had a heart rate monitor,\u003c/a> and connected wirelessly to his smartphone. With his permission, the doctors checked the data on the phone and figured out that the episode of arrhythmia had only begun about two hours before he showed up at the ER.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were able to hook him up to the pads, put him to sleep, give him a little shock, and let him wake up and go home,\" Sacchetti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacchetti is quick to point out that a Fitbit, or any other fitness tracker, is not a medical device; the information it provides is limited and varies from model to model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the doctor and his collaborators in the case study think such trackers might come in handy in other situations — such as when patients' symptoms ease before they arrive at the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a patient comes in complaining of a sudden dizzy spell earlier in the day, for example, it might stem from a rapid heartbeat, or a sudden slowing. Or it might have nothing at all to do with the heart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If your heart rate dropped extremely low, we're probably going to keep you in the hospital\" Sacchetti says. \"If it just went fast for a short period of time, we're probably going to just put a Holter monitor on you and send you home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fitness tracker that monitors the heart might help doctors more quickly figure out which treatment to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/01/19/377486437/sure-you-can-track-your-health-data-but-can-your-doctor-use-it\">some other doctors are skeptical\u003c/a> of the medical usefulness of the gadgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was interesting but not highly applicable and won't really change how we're going to do anything,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.stvincent.org/St-Vincent-Indianapolis/Healthcare-Services/Transplant/Heart-Transplant/Heart-Transplant-Team.aspx\">Dr. Mary Norine Walsh\u003c/a>, a cardiologist and director of the heart failure and cardiac transplantation programs at St. Vincent Medical Center, in Indianapolis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are no reliable studies showing whether fitness tracker data is accurate,\" Walsh says, and those studies would need to be done before physicians would use the devices widely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+Fitbit+Saved+His+Life%3F+Well%2C+Maybe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Wearing a Fitbit?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If so, you already know that electronic \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2015/06/17/415267866/as-fitbit-goes-public-it-will-have-to-outrun-competition\">fitness trackers\u003c/a> can let you keep records on your smartphone of how many steps you've walked, how much you've slept, maybe your heart rate, or even where you've been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what can the gadget tell your doctor? A few things that are pretty useful, it turns out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors at an emergency room in New Jersey recently used heart-rate data from a patient's Fitbit to quickly figure out what treatment he needed to get his suddenly irregular heartbeat under control. They \u003ca href=\"http://www.annemergmed.com/article/S0196-0644%2816%2900143-8/abstract\">published\u003c/a> the case study online this month in the \u003cem>Annals of Emergency Medicine\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The patient showed up at the ER after a grand mal seizure, a little foggy and with no idea his heart was in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He came in with atrial fibrillation, and he didn't recognize he was in it,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmedicine.net/content.php?action=showPage&pid=280&cat_id=1\">Dr. Alfred Sacchetti\u003c/a>, head of emergency medicine at the Our Lady of Lourdes Medical Center, in Camden, N.J., tells Shots. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/arr/types\">Atrial fibrillation\u003c/a> is when the two upper chambers of the heart quiver very quickly and erratically.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And so the team asked him,\" Sacchetti recalls, \" 'Do you feel your heart racing?' He said, 'No, I really don't feel anything. I feel perfectly fine.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he wasn't fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's because a patient with atrial fibrillation is at increased risk of having a stroke. When the heart's chambers aren't in sync, blood may not fully empty from the upper chambers into the lower ones. If it pools long enough in the upper chambers, that blood can clot. A piece of the clot may break off, move through the circulatory system, and block blood flow to the brain — a stroke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when the doctors in New Jersey couldn't determine when the fibrillation began, they had to assume it might have been going on long enough to cause a clot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Our Lady of Lourdes, doctors prefer to treat atrial fibrillation aggressively — shocking the patient's heart to get it back into a normal rhythm, Sacchetti says. If it works, the patient can usually go home the same day, with no medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the abnormal heart beat has been going on for more than 48 hours, the risk of a clot is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In that case \"he needs to get admitted to the hospital, put on [medication] to dissolve the clot, if it's there, and then perform a special echocardiogram through the patient's mouth and into the esophagus so you can get a good look at the heart,\" Sacchetti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this patient was wearing a Fitbit fitness tracker that \u003ca href=\"https://www.fitbit.com/chargehr#features\">had a heart rate monitor,\u003c/a> and connected wirelessly to his smartphone. With his permission, the doctors checked the data on the phone and figured out that the episode of arrhythmia had only begun about two hours before he showed up at the ER.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were able to hook him up to the pads, put him to sleep, give him a little shock, and let him wake up and go home,\" Sacchetti says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacchetti is quick to point out that a Fitbit, or any other fitness tracker, is not a medical device; the information it provides is limited and varies from model to model.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the doctor and his collaborators in the case study think such trackers might come in handy in other situations — such as when patients' symptoms ease before they arrive at the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a patient comes in complaining of a sudden dizzy spell earlier in the day, for example, it might stem from a rapid heartbeat, or a sudden slowing. Or it might have nothing at all to do with the heart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If your heart rate dropped extremely low, we're probably going to keep you in the hospital\" Sacchetti says. \"If it just went fast for a short period of time, we're probably going to just put a Holter monitor on you and send you home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fitness tracker that monitors the heart might help doctors more quickly figure out which treatment to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2015/01/19/377486437/sure-you-can-track-your-health-data-but-can-your-doctor-use-it\">some other doctors are skeptical\u003c/a> of the medical usefulness of the gadgets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was interesting but not highly applicable and won't really change how we're going to do anything,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.stvincent.org/St-Vincent-Indianapolis/Healthcare-Services/Transplant/Heart-Transplant/Heart-Transplant-Team.aspx\">Dr. Mary Norine Walsh\u003c/a>, a cardiologist and director of the heart failure and cardiac transplantation programs at St. Vincent Medical Center, in Indianapolis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are no reliable studies showing whether fitness tracker data is accurate,\" Walsh says, and those studies would need to be done before physicians would use the devices widely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=A+Fitbit+Saved+His+Life%3F+Well%2C+Maybe&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Wearable technology is coming to Major League Baseball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sport's playing rules committee approved two devices for use during games this season, two people familiar with the decision told The Associated Press. The Motus Baseball Sleeve measures stress on elbows and the Zephyr Bioharness monitors heart and breathing rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"The next thing you know, the pitcher's going to have a phone in his pocket taking selfies.\"\u003ccite>New York Yankees outfielder Brett Gardner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In addition, the committee approved a pair of bat sensors for use on field during workouts, one from Blast Motion and the other from Diamond Kinetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology provides the potential for earlier detection of habits that could lead to injuries. However, the union is concerned about player privacy and how teams use the information. Both sides say further discussions are likely in bargaining this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People spoke about the decision on condition of anonymity because no announcements were authorized by MLB or the players' association. New York Mets general manager Sandy Alderson, chairman of the playing rules committee, declined comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sleeve had been given provisional approval by the committee last year, but these are the first full consents for use of wearable technology. The committee includes Atlanta's John Schuerholz, Cleveland's Chris Antonetti, St. Louis' John Mozeliak, Minnesota's Terry Ryan and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motus chief executive officer Joe Nolan hopes the company's product will be used \"to better understand pitching injuries and to eventually predict and prevent them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Motus and MLB have the same goal, keeping players healthy and on the field,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the devices cannot be transmitted during games but must been downloaded afterward. The iPads MLB approved for use by teams do not have Bluetooth wireless technology and no other electronic equipment is allowed in dugouts during games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clubs may use the data only for internal purposes, and it will be shared with the player. It cannot be provided to broadcasters or used for commercial purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Players can decide whether or not to use the technology and determine who can receive the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Heart rate variability is an indicator of stress and can be used in developing post game recovery routines for high intensity players such as the starting pitcher rotations and catchers,\" said Steven Small, director of Zephyr performance systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Major League Baseball Players Association, concerned about its member's rights, negotiated rules covering use of the technology. Veteran players could be reluctant to experiment with in-game use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The next thing you know, the pitcher's going to have a phone in his pocket taking selfies,\" New York Yankees outfielder Brett Gardner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York Mets medical director Dr. David Altchek, an adviser to Motus, hopes the device can be used to help pitchers avoid Tommy John surgery and rehabilitate from the career-interrupting operation by monitoring valgus torque — stress on the elbow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Zack Wheeler, it's very hard to keep him below 85 percent now,\" Altchek said last month of the Mets pitcher who had Tommy John surgery last year. \"Even though it's his first couple days off the mound, he just wants to bring it, and we don't want him to bring it. If we had an absolute measure of him, we could say ... dial it down.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Wearable technology is coming to Major League Baseball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sport's playing rules committee approved two devices for use during games this season, two people familiar with the decision told The Associated Press. The Motus Baseball Sleeve measures stress on elbows and the Zephyr Bioharness monitors heart and breathing rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"The next thing you know, the pitcher's going to have a phone in his pocket taking selfies.\"\u003ccite>New York Yankees outfielder Brett Gardner\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>In addition, the committee approved a pair of bat sensors for use on field during workouts, one from Blast Motion and the other from Diamond Kinetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology provides the potential for earlier detection of habits that could lead to injuries. However, the union is concerned about player privacy and how teams use the information. Both sides say further discussions are likely in bargaining this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People spoke about the decision on condition of anonymity because no announcements were authorized by MLB or the players' association. New York Mets general manager Sandy Alderson, chairman of the playing rules committee, declined comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sleeve had been given provisional approval by the committee last year, but these are the first full consents for use of wearable technology. The committee includes Atlanta's John Schuerholz, Cleveland's Chris Antonetti, St. Louis' John Mozeliak, Minnesota's Terry Ryan and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Motus chief executive officer Joe Nolan hopes the company's product will be used \"to better understand pitching injuries and to eventually predict and prevent them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Motus and MLB have the same goal, keeping players healthy and on the field,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the devices cannot be transmitted during games but must been downloaded afterward. The iPads MLB approved for use by teams do not have Bluetooth wireless technology and no other electronic equipment is allowed in dugouts during games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clubs may use the data only for internal purposes, and it will be shared with the player. It cannot be provided to broadcasters or used for commercial purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Players can decide whether or not to use the technology and determine who can receive the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Heart rate variability is an indicator of stress and can be used in developing post game recovery routines for high intensity players such as the starting pitcher rotations and catchers,\" said Steven Small, director of Zephyr performance systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Major League Baseball Players Association, concerned about its member's rights, negotiated rules covering use of the technology. Veteran players could be reluctant to experiment with in-game use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The next thing you know, the pitcher's going to have a phone in his pocket taking selfies,\" New York Yankees outfielder Brett Gardner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York Mets medical director Dr. David Altchek, an adviser to Motus, hopes the device can be used to help pitchers avoid Tommy John surgery and rehabilitate from the career-interrupting operation by monitoring valgus torque — stress on the elbow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Zack Wheeler, it's very hard to keep him below 85 percent now,\" Altchek said last month of the Mets pitcher who had Tommy John surgery last year. \"Even though it's his first couple days off the mound, he just wants to bring it, and we don't want him to bring it. If we had an absolute measure of him, we could say ... dial it down.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For Erin Moore, keeping her son’s cystic fibrosis in check requires careful monitoring to prevent the thick, sticky mucous his body produces from further damaging his lungs and digestive system. Moore keeps tabs on 6-year-old Drew’s weight, appetite, exercise and stools every day to see if they stray from his healthy baseline. When he develops a cough, she tracks that, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been nearly a year since Drew has been hospitalized; as a baby he was admitted up to four times annually. Erin Moore credits her careful monitoring, aided by an online data tracking tool from a program at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center called the Orchestra Project, with helping to keep him healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I have a picture of what health looks like for Drew,” said Moore, 35. “Tools like Orchestra that allow patients to take a more active stance in managing our health are still really undervalued.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be changing, according to a study in the April issue of the journal Health Affairs that examines the movement to incorporate “patient-reported outcomes” into clinical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may seem like a no-brainer to include patients’ assessments of their physical and mental conditions and quality of life into medical care, but such patient-generated data has traditionally been confined to research rather than clinical settings. Clinicians have typically focused more on physical exams, medical tests and biological measures to guide patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as patient-centered medical care has taken hold in recent years, there’s been a growing interest in finding ways to use outcomes reported by individuals to help guide care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How are you feeling?” is a pretty standard conversation starter during a doctor’s visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge is that we don’t capture [the response] in a way that we can use [like] we do for blood pressure,” said Danielle Lavallee, a research assistant professor at the department of surgery at the University of Washington and the lead author of the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policy and payment changes are helping to drive the shift. For example, a pilot program mandated by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services that began last Friday requires roughly 800 hospitals in 67 metropolitan areas to bundle payments for knee and hip replacement surgeries and follow-up care. The program will reimburse providers for collecting patient-reported outcomes. Total joint replacement surgeries for knee and hip arthritis are the most common Medicare inpatient procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center’s arthritis and joint replacement center, pain and joint function are measured for patients considering replacement surgery and tracked at each visit. If symptoms aren’t controlled with physical therapy and medical care, then patients and their doctors discuss whether surgery makes sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Patricia Franklin, a professor of orthopedics and physical rehabilitation at UMass who coauthored the Health Affairs study, and colleagues incorporated that template into a project funded by the federal Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality that implemented patient-reported outcomes for knee and hip replacements in more than 150 surgeons’ offices in 22 states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Patients were pleased because they saw that their assessment of their pain and function was part of the process,” said Franklin. Meanwhile, “surgeons were glad to have the data on the severity of pain before and after surgery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, the Orchestra Project provides better collaboration between providers and patients with chronic illness such as cystic fibrosis or inflammatory bowel disease, said Lisa Opipari-Arrigan, an associate professor at the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A patient will see his care team — in Drew’s case, a pediatric pulmonologist, nurse, dietitian, social worker, psychologist, respiratory therapist and endocrinologist — a few times a year. But many health care-related events happen in between those visits, and they can be recorded in the tracking tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together the provider and the patient decide what they want to track. And both can then monitor the details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It allows both the patient and clinician to see information in real time, both as a method of surveillance to find things out that are better to act on now, but also as a more specific and accurate record of what’s working and for decision-making,” Opipari-Arrigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Moore, a health care consultant who works with Cincinnati Children’s on patient-centered and collaborative care projects, said that having concrete data has helped her work with Drew’s medical team. For one thing, she doesn’t have to call every time she needs to recall when a medication was changed; it’s right there in the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they’re also using the same language. “In health care it’s such a struggle between the patient and the provider,” Moore said. “Now we both speak data. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For Erin Moore, keeping her son’s cystic fibrosis in check requires careful monitoring to prevent the thick, sticky mucous his body produces from further damaging his lungs and digestive system. Moore keeps tabs on 6-year-old Drew’s weight, appetite, exercise and stools every day to see if they stray from his healthy baseline. When he develops a cough, she tracks that, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been nearly a year since Drew has been hospitalized; as a baby he was admitted up to four times annually. Erin Moore credits her careful monitoring, aided by an online data tracking tool from a program at Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center called the Orchestra Project, with helping to keep him healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I have a picture of what health looks like for Drew,” said Moore, 35. “Tools like Orchestra that allow patients to take a more active stance in managing our health are still really undervalued.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be changing, according to a study in the April issue of the journal Health Affairs that examines the movement to incorporate “patient-reported outcomes” into clinical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may seem like a no-brainer to include patients’ assessments of their physical and mental conditions and quality of life into medical care, but such patient-generated data has traditionally been confined to research rather than clinical settings. Clinicians have typically focused more on physical exams, medical tests and biological measures to guide patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as patient-centered medical care has taken hold in recent years, there’s been a growing interest in finding ways to use outcomes reported by individuals to help guide care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How are you feeling?” is a pretty standard conversation starter during a doctor’s visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge is that we don’t capture [the response] in a way that we can use [like] we do for blood pressure,” said Danielle Lavallee, a research assistant professor at the department of surgery at the University of Washington and the lead author of the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policy and payment changes are helping to drive the shift. For example, a pilot program mandated by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services that began last Friday requires roughly 800 hospitals in 67 metropolitan areas to bundle payments for knee and hip replacement surgeries and follow-up care. The program will reimburse providers for collecting patient-reported outcomes. Total joint replacement surgeries for knee and hip arthritis are the most common Medicare inpatient procedures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center’s arthritis and joint replacement center, pain and joint function are measured for patients considering replacement surgery and tracked at each visit. If symptoms aren’t controlled with physical therapy and medical care, then patients and their doctors discuss whether surgery makes sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Patricia Franklin, a professor of orthopedics and physical rehabilitation at UMass who coauthored the Health Affairs study, and colleagues incorporated that template into a project funded by the federal Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality that implemented patient-reported outcomes for knee and hip replacements in more than 150 surgeons’ offices in 22 states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Patients were pleased because they saw that their assessment of their pain and function was part of the process,” said Franklin. Meanwhile, “surgeons were glad to have the data on the severity of pain before and after surgery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Cincinnati Children’s Hospital, the Orchestra Project provides better collaboration between providers and patients with chronic illness such as cystic fibrosis or inflammatory bowel disease, said Lisa Opipari-Arrigan, an associate professor at the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A patient will see his care team — in Drew’s case, a pediatric pulmonologist, nurse, dietitian, social worker, psychologist, respiratory therapist and endocrinologist — a few times a year. But many health care-related events happen in between those visits, and they can be recorded in the tracking tool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together the provider and the patient decide what they want to track. And both can then monitor the details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It allows both the patient and clinician to see information in real time, both as a method of surveillance to find things out that are better to act on now, but also as a more specific and accurate record of what’s working and for decision-making,” Opipari-Arrigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erin Moore, a health care consultant who works with Cincinnati Children’s on patient-centered and collaborative care projects, said that having concrete data has helped her work with Drew’s medical team. For one thing, she doesn’t have to call every time she needs to recall when a medication was changed; it’s right there in the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now they’re also using the same language. “In health care it’s such a struggle between the patient and the provider,” Moore said. “Now we both speak data. I feel more confident, and they feel like they have the information they need to make better decisions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Please contact Kaiser Health News to send comments or ideas for future topics for the Insuring Your Health column.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Prosthetic limbs for people who have lost an arm or a leg have come a long way in the last decade. They are now lighter and more comfortable and flexible. You can change out a prosthetic foot for a ski, an ice skate, or a \"cheetah foot\" for high-performance running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://espn.go.com/nba/story/_/page/VeteranNBA151111/how-advanced-prosthetics-impact-future-sports\">Athletes\u003c/a> and a new generation of wounded warriors from Iraq and Afghanistan are also changing the way wearers feel about the prosthetic — pride is replacing stigma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skin tone is out; \u003ca href=\"http://www.summitid.com/#/fairings-1/\">custom designs\u003c/a> are in, like tattoos for an artificial limb. A new business in New York's Adirondak Mountains is taking the trend a step further — using 3-D printers to help people anywhere in the world design colorful, custom-made covers for their prosthetic legs that reflect their personalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Way more people these days want a cool design like this than they want something flesh-colored,\" says Jeff Erenstone, a prosthetist and owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.createprosthetics.com/\">Create Prosthetics\u003c/a>, the Lake Placid firm that caters to the aesthetic needs of its clients, as well as to their medical needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Create's first clients was retired Army Capt. Bergan Flannigan, who ordered a black cover for her prosthetic leg, imprinted with the World War II icon, \u003ca href=\"http://rosietheriveter.net/\">Rosie the Riveter\u003c/a>. \"I just think she's cool,\" Flannigan explains. \"She's a pioneer for women's rights.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flannigan, who now lives in Plattsburgh, N.Y., lost her leg above the knee in a roadside bomb explosion while she was on patrol in Kandahar, Afghanistan, six years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of guys put their unit crest on the prosthetic somewhere,\" she says, \"or the Army flag or whatever it is, just to show, 'This is how I lost my leg. It wasn't something I was born with. It wasn't a car accident or something like that. I fought for my country and this is what happened.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>War has driven innovations in the U.S. prosthetics industry, from its beginnings in the Civil War. Young veterans today say they want their prosthetics — and the reality of their sacrifice — right out in the open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underlying prosthetic device (the socket that fits the body, the pipe that replaces bone, and the foot) is a medical product. Anyone in need of a prosthetic must see a specialist like Erenstone in person for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another part is its cover — the flexible plastic that protects the prosthetic and gives it a leg-like shape. Create's covers aren't just for veterans. They're $500 apiece. You can buy more than one and swap 'em out if you want. Some clients order car imprints on their covers, or a marijuana leaf. Sports teams. Butterflies. A picture of your dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 3-D printers go pretty much non-stop these days, as people from across North America, and as far away as Australia and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erenstone thinks one reason his company's products are popular has to do with a key principle of design psychology — \"something called 'the uncanny valley,' \" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The principle of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geF1XO5IPc8&ebc=ANyPxKr1VABkqUGwN_-ywQABQFd6BPx_xHxcd555qZ79fXJ-15-Rc762VTA1P-6VkV6L_8XZef5NJ-cPj2qrupPQEQU2SUSL-A\">the uncanny valley\u003c/a>, borrowed from robot design of the 1970s, goes like this: The more realistic and human-like a robot or animated character or prosthetic body part looks, the more we tend to like it. But there comes a point — consider that sallow, manufactured look of a mannequin — when our attraction plummets. That's the uncanny valley. We don't find it attractive. We find it creepy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way out of that psychological valley, Erenstone says, is to take your design in the opposite direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Make something that is not necessarily supposed to look human,\" he says, \"but gives you the \u003cem>impression\u003c/em> of human. And looks really cool.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is Create's happy zone — a device that puts personality before trying to mimic what was lost. And Erenstone believes strongly that's also a healthy place for someone who's lost a limb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, there was something that was lost, in this aesthetic shape,\" he says. \"But there was so much that was gained.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the non-stop whir of the printers is any gauge, he has plenty of clients who agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>An earlier version of this story aired on \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/\">North Country Radio\u003c/a>, based in Canton, N.Y.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 North Country Public Radio. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/\">North Country Public Radio\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fashionable+Prosthetics+Trade+Realistic+Color+For+Personal+Pizzazz&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Prosthetic limbs for people who have lost an arm or a leg have come a long way in the last decade. They are now lighter and more comfortable and flexible. You can change out a prosthetic foot for a ski, an ice skate, or a \"cheetah foot\" for high-performance running.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://espn.go.com/nba/story/_/page/VeteranNBA151111/how-advanced-prosthetics-impact-future-sports\">Athletes\u003c/a> and a new generation of wounded warriors from Iraq and Afghanistan are also changing the way wearers feel about the prosthetic — pride is replacing stigma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skin tone is out; \u003ca href=\"http://www.summitid.com/#/fairings-1/\">custom designs\u003c/a> are in, like tattoos for an artificial limb. A new business in New York's Adirondak Mountains is taking the trend a step further — using 3-D printers to help people anywhere in the world design colorful, custom-made covers for their prosthetic legs that reflect their personalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Way more people these days want a cool design like this than they want something flesh-colored,\" says Jeff Erenstone, a prosthetist and owner of \u003ca href=\"http://www.createprosthetics.com/\">Create Prosthetics\u003c/a>, the Lake Placid firm that caters to the aesthetic needs of its clients, as well as to their medical needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Create's first clients was retired Army Capt. Bergan Flannigan, who ordered a black cover for her prosthetic leg, imprinted with the World War II icon, \u003ca href=\"http://rosietheriveter.net/\">Rosie the Riveter\u003c/a>. \"I just think she's cool,\" Flannigan explains. \"She's a pioneer for women's rights.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flannigan, who now lives in Plattsburgh, N.Y., lost her leg above the knee in a roadside bomb explosion while she was on patrol in Kandahar, Afghanistan, six years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of guys put their unit crest on the prosthetic somewhere,\" she says, \"or the Army flag or whatever it is, just to show, 'This is how I lost my leg. It wasn't something I was born with. It wasn't a car accident or something like that. I fought for my country and this is what happened.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>War has driven innovations in the U.S. prosthetics industry, from its beginnings in the Civil War. Young veterans today say they want their prosthetics — and the reality of their sacrifice — right out in the open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The underlying prosthetic device (the socket that fits the body, the pipe that replaces bone, and the foot) is a medical product. Anyone in need of a prosthetic must see a specialist like Erenstone in person for that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another part is its cover — the flexible plastic that protects the prosthetic and gives it a leg-like shape. Create's covers aren't just for veterans. They're $500 apiece. You can buy more than one and swap 'em out if you want. Some clients order car imprints on their covers, or a marijuana leaf. Sports teams. Butterflies. A picture of your dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 3-D printers go pretty much non-stop these days, as people from across North America, and as far away as Australia and China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erenstone thinks one reason his company's products are popular has to do with a key principle of design psychology — \"something called 'the uncanny valley,' \" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The principle of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=geF1XO5IPc8&ebc=ANyPxKr1VABkqUGwN_-ywQABQFd6BPx_xHxcd555qZ79fXJ-15-Rc762VTA1P-6VkV6L_8XZef5NJ-cPj2qrupPQEQU2SUSL-A\">the uncanny valley\u003c/a>, borrowed from robot design of the 1970s, goes like this: The more realistic and human-like a robot or animated character or prosthetic body part looks, the more we tend to like it. But there comes a point — consider that sallow, manufactured look of a mannequin — when our attraction plummets. That's the uncanny valley. We don't find it attractive. We find it creepy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way out of that psychological valley, Erenstone says, is to take your design in the opposite direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Make something that is not necessarily supposed to look human,\" he says, \"but gives you the \u003cem>impression\u003c/em> of human. And looks really cool.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is Create's happy zone — a device that puts personality before trying to mimic what was lost. And Erenstone believes strongly that's also a healthy place for someone who's lost a limb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Yes, there was something that was lost, in this aesthetic shape,\" he says. \"But there was so much that was gained.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the non-stop whir of the printers is any gauge, he has plenty of clients who agree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>An earlier version of this story aired on \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/\">North Country Radio\u003c/a>, based in Canton, N.Y.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 North Country Public Radio. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.northcountrypublicradio.org/\">North Country Public Radio\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fashionable+Prosthetics+Trade+Realistic+Color+For+Personal+Pizzazz&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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}
},
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
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