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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Heather Boerner\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’ve got just three days left to choose a new health plan under Covered California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choose carefully — especially if you want to take the only pill approved by the Food and Drug Administration to block HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some plans may look appealing because their premiums are low,” Dr. Hyman Scott, who specializes in HIV at San Francisco General Hospital, said he tells patients interested in the drug, Truvada. “But the copays and deductibles, especially for what are often considered specialty drugs, can be really high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Enrollment in Covered California closes Sunday. Local doctors, social workers and navigators are helping the people most at risk for HIV figure out how — and if — they can afford the drug, which costs $13,000 a year, according to the drug’s maker, Gilead Sciences.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, Dr. Robert Grant, HIV prevention researcher and professor at UCSF’s Gladstone Institute, estimated that if 6,000 San Franciscans at high risk infection took Truvada, the number of \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/18/sf-supervisor-proposes-funding-better-access-to-hiv-preventive-drug/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/18/sf-supervisor-proposes-funding-better-access-to-hiv-preventive-drug/\" target=\"_blank\">new infections annually in the city might drop from 400 to 50\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for individuals — and the city at large — to benefit from the 90-percent effectiveness rate of Truvada when taken daily, people have to be able to afford it. And one of the big barriers to that is simply understanding health insurance. \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/report-section/survey-of-non-group-health-insurance-enrollees-section-2/\" target=\"_blank\">A 2014 Kaiser Family Foundation survey\u003c/a> found that 18 percent of people who buy their own insurance didn’t know their monthly premium. Another 37 percent didn’t what their deductible was, and that’s to say nothing of the cost of prescriptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to afford Truvada, you have to weigh all these factors, said Matt Sachs, San Francisco’s only official PrEP navigator. So, he said, start by checking the following on every plan you’re considering:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Your premium\u003c/strong>: That is, how much you pay a month.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Your deductible:\u003c/strong> This is how much you must pay out of pocket before your benefits kick in. On Covered California, the lowest-premium plans also come with a $5,000 deductible.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Your prescription benefits:\u003c/strong> On plans with the lowest premiums under Covered California, you’re also likely to have a deductible for prescriptions in addition to a deductible for appointments and lab work.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>(These tips also apply to anyone in the market for health insurance.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best bet for a plan that will cover Truvada? Sachs told \u003ca href=\"http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/02/08/even-after-obamacare-it-s-still-way-too-hard-to-get-hiv-meds.html\" target=\"_blank\">The Daily Beast\u003c/a> that Covered California \"silver-tier\" plans, are usually the best bet. You’ll pay more out of pocket every month for your premium than you would for a bronze plan, but silver plans have lower deductibles — only $250 — and copays of $50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the regimen for Truvada includes quarterly doctors’ appointments and lab work to test for HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and liver and kidney function, a silver-level plan may cost you less in the long run, said Brad Hare, director of HIV Care and Prevention at Kaiser Permanente San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just like you have to talk about the side effects of drugs and safer sex, with Truvada, we also have to talk about the cost of the drug,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are planning to keep the same Covered California plan, that doesn’t mean your benefits will stay the same year over year. Hare and Scott both said they advise patients to investigate their current plans before the end of open enrollment, since many plans are changing radically in terms of the benefits they provide, and cost-sharing they require.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Covered California is new,” he said. “There are going to be a lot of changes to Covered California plans in the next few years. So it’s really important, if people aren’t changing plans, to look every year and to be mindful of what your pharmaceutical benefits are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you investigate your plan thoroughly, you may be hit with a surprise, as Erik Gibb was when he went to pick up his three-month supply of Truvada in January. Gibb did not buy through Covered California, he purchased a plan directly from Kaiser San Francisco, a plan with a high premium, but no deductible and low copays for prescriptions — all so he could afford PrEP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the pharmacy, he discovered that the cost of the drugs has radically changed in 2015 — from a $15 copay to more than $400, the result of a formulary change that switched Truvada and other specialty drugs from payment on a copay basis to coinsurance, where patients pay a percentage of the cost of the drug. And Gibb is not alone. When San Francisco AIDS Foundation and Project Inform created \u003ca href=\"http://www.projectinform.org/pdf/CCformularies.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis of where HIV drugs like Truvada fall on various Covered California-plan formularies\u003c/a>, they found unpredictable changes, Courtney Mulhern-Pearson with the AIDS Foundation told The Daily Beast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaiser's Hare confirmed the change, saying the company’s pharmacy department made the change, affecting at least all Kaiser's California facilities and potentially all of them nationwide. While the change doesn’t affect every Kaiser insurance plan, it does affect every plan the company offers on Covered California and some direct-purchase individual plans. The change means coinsurance costs of between 10 and 40 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Gibb doesn’t like the switch, but at least for him, it doesn’t put Truvada out of reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don't get me wrong, I don't like paying that at all,” he said. “And I would love it if Kaiser would integrate with the reimbursement program like other pharmacies, but I can deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost change is a concern from Hare’s end, as well. His department is contacting PrEP patients who might be at risk of cost changes to warn them. He said he directs them to Kaiser’s internal medical financial assistance program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gilead.com/responsibility/us-patient-access/truvada%20for%20prep%20medication%20assistance%20program\" target=\"_blank\">medication assistance program from Gilead\u003c/a>, which covers the full cost of the drug for a limited time for people who earn less than $58,000 a year, as well as a Gilead copay assistance card, which covers $300 a month toward the cost of the prescription. Last month, the Patient Access Network (PAN) Foundation also announced that it will cover Truvada for PrEP in \u003ca title=\"http://www.panfoundation.org/hiv-treatment-and-prevention\" href=\"http://www.panfoundation.org/hiv-treatment-and-prevention\" target=\"_blank\">its drug assistance program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There definitely is a concern on our end for all the costs,” said Hare. “The last thing we want is for people to go to the pharmacy to pick up their prescriptions and be surprised by a high deductible or coinsurance. Cost is still the elephant in the room.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September, Dr. Robert Grant, HIV prevention researcher and professor at UCSF’s Gladstone Institute, estimated that if 6,000 San Franciscans at high risk infection took Truvada, the number of \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/18/sf-supervisor-proposes-funding-better-access-to-hiv-preventive-drug/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/18/sf-supervisor-proposes-funding-better-access-to-hiv-preventive-drug/\" target=\"_blank\">new infections annually in the city might drop from 400 to 50\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for individuals — and the city at large — to benefit from the 90-percent effectiveness rate of Truvada when taken daily, people have to be able to afford it. And one of the big barriers to that is simply understanding health insurance. \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/report-section/survey-of-non-group-health-insurance-enrollees-section-2/\" target=\"_blank\">A 2014 Kaiser Family Foundation survey\u003c/a> found that 18 percent of people who buy their own insurance didn’t know their monthly premium. Another 37 percent didn’t what their deductible was, and that’s to say nothing of the cost of prescriptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to afford Truvada, you have to weigh all these factors, said Matt Sachs, San Francisco’s only official PrEP navigator. So, he said, start by checking the following on every plan you’re considering:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Your premium\u003c/strong>: That is, how much you pay a month.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Your deductible:\u003c/strong> This is how much you must pay out of pocket before your benefits kick in. On Covered California, the lowest-premium plans also come with a $5,000 deductible.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Your prescription benefits:\u003c/strong> On plans with the lowest premiums under Covered California, you’re also likely to have a deductible for prescriptions in addition to a deductible for appointments and lab work.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>(These tips also apply to anyone in the market for health insurance.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best bet for a plan that will cover Truvada? Sachs told \u003ca href=\"http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/02/08/even-after-obamacare-it-s-still-way-too-hard-to-get-hiv-meds.html\" target=\"_blank\">The Daily Beast\u003c/a> that Covered California \"silver-tier\" plans, are usually the best bet. You’ll pay more out of pocket every month for your premium than you would for a bronze plan, but silver plans have lower deductibles — only $250 — and copays of $50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the regimen for Truvada includes quarterly doctors’ appointments and lab work to test for HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and liver and kidney function, a silver-level plan may cost you less in the long run, said Brad Hare, director of HIV Care and Prevention at Kaiser Permanente San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just like you have to talk about the side effects of drugs and safer sex, with Truvada, we also have to talk about the cost of the drug,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are planning to keep the same Covered California plan, that doesn’t mean your benefits will stay the same year over year. Hare and Scott both said they advise patients to investigate their current plans before the end of open enrollment, since many plans are changing radically in terms of the benefits they provide, and cost-sharing they require.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Covered California is new,” he said. “There are going to be a lot of changes to Covered California plans in the next few years. So it’s really important, if people aren’t changing plans, to look every year and to be mindful of what your pharmaceutical benefits are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if you investigate your plan thoroughly, you may be hit with a surprise, as Erik Gibb was when he went to pick up his three-month supply of Truvada in January. Gibb did not buy through Covered California, he purchased a plan directly from Kaiser San Francisco, a plan with a high premium, but no deductible and low copays for prescriptions — all so he could afford PrEP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the pharmacy, he discovered that the cost of the drugs has radically changed in 2015 — from a $15 copay to more than $400, the result of a formulary change that switched Truvada and other specialty drugs from payment on a copay basis to coinsurance, where patients pay a percentage of the cost of the drug. And Gibb is not alone. When San Francisco AIDS Foundation and Project Inform created \u003ca href=\"http://www.projectinform.org/pdf/CCformularies.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">an analysis of where HIV drugs like Truvada fall on various Covered California-plan formularies\u003c/a>, they found unpredictable changes, Courtney Mulhern-Pearson with the AIDS Foundation told The Daily Beast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaiser's Hare confirmed the change, saying the company’s pharmacy department made the change, affecting at least all Kaiser's California facilities and potentially all of them nationwide. While the change doesn’t affect every Kaiser insurance plan, it does affect every plan the company offers on Covered California and some direct-purchase individual plans. The change means coinsurance costs of between 10 and 40 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Gibb doesn’t like the switch, but at least for him, it doesn’t put Truvada out of reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don't get me wrong, I don't like paying that at all,” he said. “And I would love it if Kaiser would integrate with the reimbursement program like other pharmacies, but I can deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cost change is a concern from Hare’s end, as well. His department is contacting PrEP patients who might be at risk of cost changes to warn them. He said he directs them to Kaiser’s internal medical financial assistance program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s also a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gilead.com/responsibility/us-patient-access/truvada%20for%20prep%20medication%20assistance%20program\" target=\"_blank\">medication assistance program from Gilead\u003c/a>, which covers the full cost of the drug for a limited time for people who earn less than $58,000 a year, as well as a Gilead copay assistance card, which covers $300 a month toward the cost of the prescription. Last month, the Patient Access Network (PAN) Foundation also announced that it will cover Truvada for PrEP in \u003ca title=\"http://www.panfoundation.org/hiv-treatment-and-prevention\" href=\"http://www.panfoundation.org/hiv-treatment-and-prevention\" target=\"_blank\">its drug assistance program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There definitely is a concern on our end for all the costs,” said Hare. “The last thing we want is for people to go to the pharmacy to pick up their prescriptions and be surprised by a high deductible or coinsurance. Cost is still the elephant in the room.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Cancer Patients, Doctors Sue State to Allow Aid in Dying",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/Screen-Shot-2015-01-21-at-10.25.17-PM-e1421908072640.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23592\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/Screen-Shot-2015-01-21-at-10.25.17-PM-640x422.png\" alt=\"Brittany Maynard, 29, terminally ill with brain cancer, ended her own life on Nov. 1, 2014 in Oregon. (Compassion and Choices/BrittanyFund.org)\" width=\"640\" height=\"422\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brittany Maynard, 29, terminally ill with brain cancer, ended her own life on Nov. 1, 2014, in Oregon.\u003cbr>(Compassion and Choices/BrittanyFund.org)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cancer patients and doctors are suing the state of California to allow physicians to prescribe lethal medication to terminally ill patients who request it. The lawsuit was filed Wednesday, just three weeks after lawmakers \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/22/california-bill-would-allow-terminally-ill-to-end-their-own-lives/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/22/california-bill-would-allow-terminally-ill-to-end-their-own-lives/\" target=\"_blank\">proposed an \"aid in dying\" bill.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be in control of my life and die a peaceful death here in California, which is my home,\" said Christie White, a plaintiff in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She spent two years in the hospital battling leukemia. She's in partial remission now, but the sense of helplessness she felt during her treatment haunts her. She says she's suing the state so she can have more say over when and where she dies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's time for California to get out of the way and let qualified patients like me make our own end-of-life decisions,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White says the state constitution guarantees rights to privacy and free speech that protect the choices she makes with her doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Nico van Aelstyn says the lawsuit also challenges a 19th century state law, which makes it a felony to help another person commit suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Of one thing I am sure,\" says van Aelstyn, \"the Legislature of 1874 did not contemplate the terrible end-of-life scenarios that our modern medical system has made commonplace.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several groups are opposed to aid in dying, including disability rights advocates, who fear the practice could be abused by family members or health insurance companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five other states allow aid in dying, including Washington, Oregon, Vermont, Montana and New Mexico. The courts authorized aid in dying in the latter two states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Tucker, an attorney with the Disability Rights Center in Los Angeles, argued the cases in Montana and New Mexico and is serving as co-counsel on the California case. She said the court system presents better chances of success for legalizing aid in dying, compared with legislative efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very uncertain whether this is something that can be accomplished legislatively,” she said, citing several failed attempts in the past to pass a bill or a voter initiative in California. \"We’re hopeful the court will fulfill what is quintessentially the court’s responsibility, not the Legislature’s, which is to determine the scope of existing law.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/Screen-Shot-2015-01-21-at-10.25.17-PM-e1421908072640.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23592\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/Screen-Shot-2015-01-21-at-10.25.17-PM-640x422.png\" alt=\"Brittany Maynard, 29, terminally ill with brain cancer, ended her own life on Nov. 1, 2014 in Oregon. (Compassion and Choices/BrittanyFund.org)\" width=\"640\" height=\"422\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brittany Maynard, 29, terminally ill with brain cancer, ended her own life on Nov. 1, 2014, in Oregon.\u003cbr>(Compassion and Choices/BrittanyFund.org)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cancer patients and doctors are suing the state of California to allow physicians to prescribe lethal medication to terminally ill patients who request it. The lawsuit was filed Wednesday, just three weeks after lawmakers \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/22/california-bill-would-allow-terminally-ill-to-end-their-own-lives/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/22/california-bill-would-allow-terminally-ill-to-end-their-own-lives/\" target=\"_blank\">proposed an \"aid in dying\" bill.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to be in control of my life and die a peaceful death here in California, which is my home,\" said Christie White, a plaintiff in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She spent two years in the hospital battling leukemia. She's in partial remission now, but the sense of helplessness she felt during her treatment haunts her. She says she's suing the state so she can have more say over when and where she dies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's time for California to get out of the way and let qualified patients like me make our own end-of-life decisions,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White says the state constitution guarantees rights to privacy and free speech that protect the choices she makes with her doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Nico van Aelstyn says the lawsuit also challenges a 19th century state law, which makes it a felony to help another person commit suicide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Of one thing I am sure,\" says van Aelstyn, \"the Legislature of 1874 did not contemplate the terrible end-of-life scenarios that our modern medical system has made commonplace.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several groups are opposed to aid in dying, including disability rights advocates, who fear the practice could be abused by family members or health insurance companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five other states allow aid in dying, including Washington, Oregon, Vermont, Montana and New Mexico. The courts authorized aid in dying in the latter two states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Tucker, an attorney with the Disability Rights Center in Los Angeles, argued the cases in Montana and New Mexico and is serving as co-counsel on the California case. She said the court system presents better chances of success for legalizing aid in dying, compared with legislative efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very uncertain whether this is something that can be accomplished legislatively,” she said, citing several failed attempts in the past to pass a bill or a voter initiative in California. \"We’re hopeful the court will fulfill what is quintessentially the court’s responsibility, not the Legislature’s, which is to determine the scope of existing law.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Health Officials Discourage 'Measles Parties'",
"title": "Health Officials Discourage 'Measles Parties'",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17842\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/02/167095303-e1393030020245.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-17842\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/02/167095303-300x287.jpg\" alt=\"Vial of Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. (Geoff Caddick/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"287\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vial of Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. (Geoff Caddick/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Julie Schiffman is a mother of two in Marin County. The choice to not vaccinate her kids, now 6 and 8, was a long and difficult one, she said. But deciding whether to intentionally expose them to measles was easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would never do that to my kid,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was approached recently by a friend who knew her kids were unvaccinated. The friend offered to help set up a play date with another child who was sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said, ‘I know someone who has the measles, would you like to be connected with them?’” Schiffman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measles parties and chicken pox parties are practices that developed in eras before vaccines for those diseases were available. Both viruses are known to cause greater, more dangerous complications in adults. So some parents would intentionally infect their kids when they were young to work through the illness in its milder form, then retain immunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People did this with chicken pox all the time,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.sph.berkeley.edu/arthur-reingold\">Art Reingold\u003c/a>, an epidemiology professor at UC Berkeley who worked at the Centers for Disease Control in the 1980s. “Parents would have kids lick a lollipop and give it to other kids, or mail it to other kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chicken pox vaccine was licensed for use in 1995; for measles in 1963. Today, some parents are still deliberately getting their kids sick because they don't believe in vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The basic notion is ‘this is my opportunity for my kid to get immune the old fashioned way, the way God intended,’” Reingold said. “’The way nature intended.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pockets of the\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/18/bay-area-communities-are-home-to-clusters-of-people-refusing-vaccines/\"> San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/a>, Los Angeles, and rural areas in the far north of the state have an unusually high number of parents who opt out of vaccinating their kids. Public health officials are worried about what might happen if parents take it upon themselves to infect their children with measles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It unnecessarily places the exposed children at potentially grave risk and could contribute to further spread of the outbreak,” the California Department of Public Health said in an email, adding that it \"strongly recommends against the intentional exposure of children to measles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty percent of people with measles in the current California outbreak have been hospitalized. While measles is most dangerous in children under 5 and adults over 20, there can be serious consequences for kids, including pneumonia or hearing loss. A small number die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reingold says hosting measles play dates or parties is ill-advised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, it's looney tunes,” he said. “We have a safe, effective vaccine, why would you do it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julie Schiffman says she and her husband are willing to reconsider vaccinating their kids, but no evidence has surfaced to change their minds yet. She says she respects the choice of other parents who decide to expose their unvaccinated kids to measles. But she and her husband declined the opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would want that to be something they decide on their own, when they’re older and are more capable of assessing the risks and dangers,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they’re teenagers, I’d say, ‘okay, you have a choice, you can get vaccinated or you can get the measles, what would you rather?’” she said. “Then they have more say over what they do with their bodies. And I would respect their choice, whatever it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189791419\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_17842\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/02/167095303-e1393030020245.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-17842\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/02/167095303-300x287.jpg\" alt=\"Vial of Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. (Geoff Caddick/AFP/Getty Images)\" width=\"300\" height=\"287\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vial of Measles Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. (Geoff Caddick/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Julie Schiffman is a mother of two in Marin County. The choice to not vaccinate her kids, now 6 and 8, was a long and difficult one, she said. But deciding whether to intentionally expose them to measles was easy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would never do that to my kid,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was approached recently by a friend who knew her kids were unvaccinated. The friend offered to help set up a play date with another child who was sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She said, ‘I know someone who has the measles, would you like to be connected with them?’” Schiffman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measles parties and chicken pox parties are practices that developed in eras before vaccines for those diseases were available. Both viruses are known to cause greater, more dangerous complications in adults. So some parents would intentionally infect their kids when they were young to work through the illness in its milder form, then retain immunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People did this with chicken pox all the time,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.sph.berkeley.edu/arthur-reingold\">Art Reingold\u003c/a>, an epidemiology professor at UC Berkeley who worked at the Centers for Disease Control in the 1980s. “Parents would have kids lick a lollipop and give it to other kids, or mail it to other kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chicken pox vaccine was licensed for use in 1995; for measles in 1963. Today, some parents are still deliberately getting their kids sick because they don't believe in vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The basic notion is ‘this is my opportunity for my kid to get immune the old fashioned way, the way God intended,’” Reingold said. “’The way nature intended.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pockets of the\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/18/bay-area-communities-are-home-to-clusters-of-people-refusing-vaccines/\"> San Francisco Bay Area\u003c/a>, Los Angeles, and rural areas in the far north of the state have an unusually high number of parents who opt out of vaccinating their kids. Public health officials are worried about what might happen if parents take it upon themselves to infect their children with measles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It unnecessarily places the exposed children at potentially grave risk and could contribute to further spread of the outbreak,” the California Department of Public Health said in an email, adding that it \"strongly recommends against the intentional exposure of children to measles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty percent of people with measles in the current California outbreak have been hospitalized. While measles is most dangerous in children under 5 and adults over 20, there can be serious consequences for kids, including pneumonia or hearing loss. A small number die.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reingold says hosting measles play dates or parties is ill-advised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To me, it's looney tunes,” he said. “We have a safe, effective vaccine, why would you do it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julie Schiffman says she and her husband are willing to reconsider vaccinating their kids, but no evidence has surfaced to change their minds yet. She says she respects the choice of other parents who decide to expose their unvaccinated kids to measles. But she and her husband declined the opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would want that to be something they decide on their own, when they’re older and are more capable of assessing the risks and dangers,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they’re teenagers, I’d say, ‘okay, you have a choice, you can get vaccinated or you can get the measles, what would you rather?’” she said. “Then they have more say over what they do with their bodies. And I would respect their choice, whatever it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='undefined' height='undefined'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189791419&visual=true&undefined'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189791419'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "New Vaccination Bill Would End 'Personal Belief Exemption'",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FenitN\" target=\"_blank\">Fenit Nirappil\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nAssociated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — California lawmakers are proposing legislation that would require parents to vaccinate all school children unless a child's health is in danger, joining only two other states with such stringent restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents could no longer cite personal beliefs or religious reasons to send unvaccinated children to school under a proposal introduced Wednesday after dozens of people have fallen ill from a measles outbreak that started in late December at Disneyland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mississippi and West Virginia are the only other states with such strict vaccine rules, though the California bill's chief author said he would consider including a religious exemption, as allowed now.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are starting to realize, 'I'm vulnerable, my children are vulnerable,'\" said \u003ca href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/\">state Sen. Richard Pan\u003c/a>, a Democrat and pediatrician from Sacramento. \"We should not wait for more children to sicken or die before we act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Wednesday, California's two U.S. senators issued a joint letter calling for a repeal of the state's \"personal belief exemption.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189545740\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While a small number of children cannot be vaccinated due to an underlying medical condition, we believe there should be no such thing as a philosophical or personal belief exemption, since everyone uses public spaces,” Sens. Barbara Boxer and Dianne Feinstein wrote. “As we have learned in the past month, parents who refuse to vaccinate their children not only put their own family at risk, but they also endanger other families who choose to vaccinate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Childhood vaccine has become an emotionally charged topic and a national issue amid a measles outbreak that has sickened more than 100 people across the United States and in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like most other states, California allows religious or personal belief exemptions. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, California is among 20 states that allow for personal belief exemptions and 48 that allow for religious exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents cite a variety of reasons for not immunizing their children, among them: religious values, concerns the shots could cause illness and a belief that allowing children to get sick helps them to build a stronger immune system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health officials believe an immunization rate of at least 90 percent in all communities, including schools, is critical to minimizing the potential for a disease outbreak. Statistics \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/2014-15%20CA%20Child%20Care%20Immunization%20Assessment.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">reported recently\u003c/a> by the state Department of Public Health show 89.4 percent of children in California child-care facilities -- kids between age 2 and 5 -- had received all required vaccinations at the start of the 2014-15 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report showed 2.67 percent of those children -- about 12,500 statewide -- were unvaccinated due to personal belief exemptions. About 2,500 students were unvaccinated due to permanent medical exemptions -- the only group that would remain exempt under Pan's proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pan, who previously served in the Assembly, was the author of another vaccination bill that took effect last year. It requires parents who don't have their children vaccinated for non-religious reasons to get a note from the doctor's office before enrolling their children in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for Gov. Jerry Brown, who signed that bill, did not say if the governor would oppose efforts to end exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Governor believes that vaccinations are profoundly important and a major public health benefit and any bill that reaches his desk will be closely considered,\" Spokesman Evan Westrup wrote in an e-mail.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/FenitN\" target=\"_blank\">Fenit Nirappil\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\nAssociated Press\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SACRAMENTO — California lawmakers are proposing legislation that would require parents to vaccinate all school children unless a child's health is in danger, joining only two other states with such stringent restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents could no longer cite personal beliefs or religious reasons to send unvaccinated children to school under a proposal introduced Wednesday after dozens of people have fallen ill from a measles outbreak that started in late December at Disneyland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mississippi and West Virginia are the only other states with such strict vaccine rules, though the California bill's chief author said he would consider including a religious exemption, as allowed now.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are starting to realize, 'I'm vulnerable, my children are vulnerable,'\" said \u003ca href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/\">state Sen. Richard Pan\u003c/a>, a Democrat and pediatrician from Sacramento. \"We should not wait for more children to sicken or die before we act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier Wednesday, California's two U.S. senators issued a joint letter calling for a repeal of the state's \"personal belief exemption.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189545740&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189545740'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While a small number of children cannot be vaccinated due to an underlying medical condition, we believe there should be no such thing as a philosophical or personal belief exemption, since everyone uses public spaces,” Sens. Barbara Boxer and Dianne Feinstein wrote. “As we have learned in the past month, parents who refuse to vaccinate their children not only put their own family at risk, but they also endanger other families who choose to vaccinate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Childhood vaccine has become an emotionally charged topic and a national issue amid a measles outbreak that has sickened more than 100 people across the United States and in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like most other states, California allows religious or personal belief exemptions. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, California is among 20 states that allow for personal belief exemptions and 48 that allow for religious exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents cite a variety of reasons for not immunizing their children, among them: religious values, concerns the shots could cause illness and a belief that allowing children to get sick helps them to build a stronger immune system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Public health officials believe an immunization rate of at least 90 percent in all communities, including schools, is critical to minimizing the potential for a disease outbreak. Statistics \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/2014-15%20CA%20Child%20Care%20Immunization%20Assessment.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">reported recently\u003c/a> by the state Department of Public Health show 89.4 percent of children in California child-care facilities -- kids between age 2 and 5 -- had received all required vaccinations at the start of the 2014-15 school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report showed 2.67 percent of those children -- about 12,500 statewide -- were unvaccinated due to personal belief exemptions. About 2,500 students were unvaccinated due to permanent medical exemptions -- the only group that would remain exempt under Pan's proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pan, who previously served in the Assembly, was the author of another vaccination bill that took effect last year. It requires parents who don't have their children vaccinated for non-religious reasons to get a note from the doctor's office before enrolling their children in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesman for Gov. Jerry Brown, who signed that bill, did not say if the governor would oppose efforts to end exemptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Governor believes that vaccinations are profoundly important and a major public health benefit and any bill that reaches his desk will be closely considered,\" Spokesman Evan Westrup wrote in an e-mail.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Once A Vaccine Skeptic, This Mom Changed Her Mind",
"title": "Once A Vaccine Skeptic, This Mom Changed Her Mind",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/Screen-Shot-2015-02-04-at-10.26.34-AM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23813\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/Screen-Shot-2015-02-04-at-10.26.34-AM-640x420.png\" alt=\"Juniper Russo walks her dogs with her daughter Vivian (left). (Courtesy of Juniper Russo)\" width=\"640\" height=\"420\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Juniper Russo walks her dogs with her daughter Vivian (left).\u003cbr>(Courtesy of Juniper Russo)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Jon Hamilton,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/02/04/383567862/once-a-vaccine-skeptic-this-mom-changed-her-mind\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/02/04/383567862/once-a-vaccine-skeptic-this-mom-changed-her-mind\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ongoing measles outbreak linked to Disneyland has led to some harsh comments about parents who don't vaccinate their kids. But Juniper Russo, a writer in Chattanooga, Tenn., says she understands those parents because she used to be one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know what it's like to be scared and just want to protect your children, and make the wrong decisions,\" Russo says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her daughter Vivian was born, \"I was really adamant that she not get vaccines,\" Russo says. \"I thought that she was going to be safe without them and they would unnecessarily introduce chemicals into her body that could hurt her.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a view shared by many parents who choose not to vaccinate. And in Russo's case, it was reinforced by parents she met online.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had a lot of online acquaintances who claimed that their kids had become autistic because of vaccines,\" Russo says. \"I got kind of swept up in that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But fear of autism was only part of the reason Russo didn't want vaccines for her daughter. She says at that point in her life she identified strongly with what she calls \"crunchy moms\" who question mainstream medicine and things that aren't natural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're the ones who breast-feed and cloth-diaper and co-sleep and all that stuff,\" Russo says. \"And so much of who I was, was being a crunchy mom. At the time I thought that if I went along with what my pediatrician suggested ... I would be losing part of who I was.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her daughter's pediatrician, though, kept talking to Russo about vaccines. And, over the next couple of years, she began to reconsider her position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also began to worry about Vivian. At 16 months old, her daughter still wasn't walking and her speech was odd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next year or so, Russo allowed the pediatrician to give her daughter a few shots — though not the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, when Vivian was nearly 3, Russo decided her daughter should get all her vaccines. By that time, Russo says, it was pretty clear that Vivian had autism, caused by something other than a vaccination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russo's story reveals a lot about why people fear vaccines, says David Ropeik, the author of How Risky Is It, Really? Why Our Fears Don't Always Match the Facts. For one thing, science often has little influence on what we are afraid of, Ropeik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fear, or the perception of risk, is subjective,\" Ropeik says. \"It's a matter of how we feel about the facts we have, not just what the facts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Also, our perceptions are often shaped by the communities we choose to join,\" Ropeik says. In Russo's case, that community was self-described \"crunchy moms\" who distrust mainstream medicine. But there are plenty of other communities with subgroups that reject vaccination for other reasons, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's conservatism: I don't like government butting in. There's libertarianism: Leave me alone, I want to decide for myself. There's environmentalism, there's religion,\" Ropeik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for a long time, Ropeik says, these subgroups didn't have to confront a downside to rejecting vaccines. \"There is the sense that the diseases are largely gone, so why take even a small risk for no benefit?\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that sort of thinking is getting \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2015/02/03/383501038/science-denialism-has-consequences\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2015/02/03/383501038/science-denialism-has-consequences\" target=\"_blank\">harder to justify\u003c/a> because \"the diseases are back,\" Ropeik says. Equally important, the current measles outbreak involves Disneyland — \"an iconic, happy, associated-with-nothing-bad-happening kind of place,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's helped generate a huge amount of publicity for this outbreak, even though it's still much smaller than an outbreak centered in Ohio that occurred just last year. And it's got some former vaccine skeptics thinking that perhaps diseases do pose a greater risk than vaccines, Ropeik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russo hopes the current outbreak gets a lot of people thinking about protecting children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her daughter is 6 now and has grown into a quirky kid who loves Pokemon, reading and writing and cats, Russo says. The concern now is for Russo's son, who is just 6 months old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's too young to have the measles vaccine, and I know that there's a chance that he could end up catching measles before he's old enough to get the vaccine,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23813\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/Screen-Shot-2015-02-04-at-10.26.34-AM.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23813\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/Screen-Shot-2015-02-04-at-10.26.34-AM-640x420.png\" alt=\"Juniper Russo walks her dogs with her daughter Vivian (left). (Courtesy of Juniper Russo)\" width=\"640\" height=\"420\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Juniper Russo walks her dogs with her daughter Vivian (left).\u003cbr>(Courtesy of Juniper Russo)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Jon Hamilton,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/02/04/383567862/once-a-vaccine-skeptic-this-mom-changed-her-mind\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/02/04/383567862/once-a-vaccine-skeptic-this-mom-changed-her-mind\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ongoing measles outbreak linked to Disneyland has led to some harsh comments about parents who don't vaccinate their kids. But Juniper Russo, a writer in Chattanooga, Tenn., says she understands those parents because she used to be one of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know what it's like to be scared and just want to protect your children, and make the wrong decisions,\" Russo says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her daughter Vivian was born, \"I was really adamant that she not get vaccines,\" Russo says. \"I thought that she was going to be safe without them and they would unnecessarily introduce chemicals into her body that could hurt her.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's a view shared by many parents who choose not to vaccinate. And in Russo's case, it was reinforced by parents she met online.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I had a lot of online acquaintances who claimed that their kids had become autistic because of vaccines,\" Russo says. \"I got kind of swept up in that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But fear of autism was only part of the reason Russo didn't want vaccines for her daughter. She says at that point in her life she identified strongly with what she calls \"crunchy moms\" who question mainstream medicine and things that aren't natural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're the ones who breast-feed and cloth-diaper and co-sleep and all that stuff,\" Russo says. \"And so much of who I was, was being a crunchy mom. At the time I thought that if I went along with what my pediatrician suggested ... I would be losing part of who I was.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her daughter's pediatrician, though, kept talking to Russo about vaccines. And, over the next couple of years, she began to reconsider her position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also began to worry about Vivian. At 16 months old, her daughter still wasn't walking and her speech was odd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next year or so, Russo allowed the pediatrician to give her daughter a few shots — though not the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, when Vivian was nearly 3, Russo decided her daughter should get all her vaccines. By that time, Russo says, it was pretty clear that Vivian had autism, caused by something other than a vaccination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russo's story reveals a lot about why people fear vaccines, says David Ropeik, the author of How Risky Is It, Really? Why Our Fears Don't Always Match the Facts. For one thing, science often has little influence on what we are afraid of, Ropeik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Fear, or the perception of risk, is subjective,\" Ropeik says. \"It's a matter of how we feel about the facts we have, not just what the facts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Also, our perceptions are often shaped by the communities we choose to join,\" Ropeik says. In Russo's case, that community was self-described \"crunchy moms\" who distrust mainstream medicine. But there are plenty of other communities with subgroups that reject vaccination for other reasons, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's conservatism: I don't like government butting in. There's libertarianism: Leave me alone, I want to decide for myself. There's environmentalism, there's religion,\" Ropeik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And for a long time, Ropeik says, these subgroups didn't have to confront a downside to rejecting vaccines. \"There is the sense that the diseases are largely gone, so why take even a small risk for no benefit?\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that sort of thinking is getting \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2015/02/03/383501038/science-denialism-has-consequences\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2015/02/03/383501038/science-denialism-has-consequences\" target=\"_blank\">harder to justify\u003c/a> because \"the diseases are back,\" Ropeik says. Equally important, the current measles outbreak involves Disneyland — \"an iconic, happy, associated-with-nothing-bad-happening kind of place,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's helped generate a huge amount of publicity for this outbreak, even though it's still much smaller than an outbreak centered in Ohio that occurred just last year. And it's got some former vaccine skeptics thinking that perhaps diseases do pose a greater risk than vaccines, Ropeik says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russo hopes the current outbreak gets a lot of people thinking about protecting children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her daughter is 6 now and has grown into a quirky kid who loves Pokemon, reading and writing and cats, Russo says. The concern now is for Russo's son, who is just 6 months old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's too young to have the measles vaccine, and I know that there's a chance that he could end up catching measles before he's old enough to get the vaccine,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Despite Major Efforts, Suffering at Life's End Getting Worse, Not Better",
"title": "Despite Major Efforts, Suffering at Life's End Getting Worse, Not Better",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23807\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000023761667_Large-e1423005651383.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23807\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000023761667_Large-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Jenny Gold,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/study-suffering-at-end-of-life-getting-worse-not-better/\" href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/study-suffering-at-end-of-life-getting-worse-not-better/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than 15 years since the Institute of Medicine released its \u003ca href=\"http://www.iom.edu/Activities/Aging/TransformingEndOfLife.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">seminal 1997 report\u003c/a> detailing the suffering many Americans experience at the end of life and offering sweeping recommendations on how to improve care.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Throwing more medical care at patients who are \"on their way to dying.\" \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So has dying in America gotten any less painful?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite \u003ca href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/palliative-care-iowa/\" target=\"_blank\">efforts to build hospice and palliative care programs\u003c/a> across the country, the answer seems to be a resounding no. The number of Americans experiencing pain in the last year of life actually increased by nearly 12 percent between 1998 and 2010, according to \u003ca href=\"http://medicaring.org/2015/02/02/symptom-prevalence/\" target=\"_blank\">a study\u003c/a> released Monday in the \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2107746\" target=\"_blank\">Annals of Internal Medicine\u003c/a>. In addition, depression in the last year of life increased by more than 26 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the case even though guidelines and quality measures for end-of-life care were developed, the number of palliative care programs rose and hospice use doubled between 2000 and 2009.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve put a lot of work into this and it’s not yielding what we thought it should be yielding. So what do we do now?” asked study author Dr. Joanne Lynn, who directs the Center for Elder Care and Advanced Illness at the Altarum Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study looked at 7,204 patients who died while enrolled in the national Health and Retirement study, a survey of Americans over age 50. After each participant’s death, a family member was asked questions about the person’s end-of-life experience, including whether the person suffered pain, depression or periodic confusion. Those three symptoms were all found to have become more prevalent over the 10-year analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason, Lynn said, is that doctors are using a greater range of high-tech treatments, which can lengthen the process of dying without curing the patient. “We throw more medical treatment at patients who are on their way to dying, which keeps them in a difficult situation for much, much longer,” she said. “We’ve increased the number of people put on ventilators and kept in hospitals, and we simply have more treatments that are possible to offer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of our research, she added, focuses on wiping out diseases, rather than long-term supports or symptom management for people with chronic conditions or disabilities associated with aging: “Think about how much we invest in curing Alzheimer’s disease, and how little we put into making the course of Alzheimer’s better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most physicians tend to under-treat pain and other symptoms at the \u003ca href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/institute-of-medicine-says-dying-in-america-is-harder-than-it-has-to-be/\" target=\"_blank\">end of life\u003c/a> because they don’t recognize them or are hesitant to talk candidly about the process of dying and the pain associated with it, said Dr. Tim Ihrig, a palliative care physician at UnityPoint Health in Fort Dodge, Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of practitioners aren’t honest. We fail to empower patients with the truth,” said Ihrig. “In that setting, it’s easier to continue to do procedures and diagnostics rather than having that conversation, which is very honest and very difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a cancer patient who has stopped eating and is writhing in pain, he said. An oncologist might recognize the person is going to die, but rather than telling the patient, he or she begins another round of treatment that causes more pain and suffering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have the vernacular in our society to have the conversation about the end of life. People say, ‘I don’t want to take away someone’s hope.’ But in a metastatic pancreatic cancer, for example, we have to redefine what we mean by hope,” he said, citing one of the most deadly cancers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often, those conversations aren’t happening until the last days or hours of life, according to Ihrig.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Keyserling, a senior vice president with the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, points out that half of all hospice patients receive hospice care for less than 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If these patients had been under the care of a hospice or palliative care program [earlier], their pain and symptoms could have been brought under control for a much longer and sustained period of time,” Keyserling said via email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s possible, however, that caregivers interviewed in the study simply reported more suffering, reflecting Americans’ changing awareness of pain and depression over the past decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve raised the expectation of better pain management over the years, which may make [the caregivers interviewed] more likely to report it,” says Rosemary Gibson, author of The Treatment Trap and senior advisor at The Hastings Center, a bioethics think tank based in New York. There are many more Americans diagnosed with depression today than in 1998, she added, “so it’s not surprising that people would report it more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Gibson said, the country has a long way to go in improving care at the end of life. The increase in palliative care and hospice use over the last decade was just ”an oasis in the desert. We did nothing to stop the tsunami of overuse [of aggressive treatments] and doing things to people at the end of life that have no benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s time to pick up the speed of change, said study author Joann Lynn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are all going to pass through this part of our lives, and we have a strong interest in its not being awful. So let’s buckle down and get it right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"nosyndication\">\u003cem>This article was produced by Kaiser Health News with support from \u003ca href=\"http://www.thescanfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The SCAN Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23807\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000023761667_Large-e1423005651383.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23807\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000023761667_Large-640x427.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Jenny Gold,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/study-suffering-at-end-of-life-getting-worse-not-better/\" href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/study-suffering-at-end-of-life-getting-worse-not-better/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than 15 years since the Institute of Medicine released its \u003ca href=\"http://www.iom.edu/Activities/Aging/TransformingEndOfLife.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">seminal 1997 report\u003c/a> detailing the suffering many Americans experience at the end of life and offering sweeping recommendations on how to improve care.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">Throwing more medical care at patients who are \"on their way to dying.\" \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>So has dying in America gotten any less painful?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite \u003ca href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/palliative-care-iowa/\" target=\"_blank\">efforts to build hospice and palliative care programs\u003c/a> across the country, the answer seems to be a resounding no. The number of Americans experiencing pain in the last year of life actually increased by nearly 12 percent between 1998 and 2010, according to \u003ca href=\"http://medicaring.org/2015/02/02/symptom-prevalence/\" target=\"_blank\">a study\u003c/a> released Monday in the \u003ca href=\"http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2107746\" target=\"_blank\">Annals of Internal Medicine\u003c/a>. In addition, depression in the last year of life increased by more than 26 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the case even though guidelines and quality measures for end-of-life care were developed, the number of palliative care programs rose and hospice use doubled between 2000 and 2009.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve put a lot of work into this and it’s not yielding what we thought it should be yielding. So what do we do now?” asked study author Dr. Joanne Lynn, who directs the Center for Elder Care and Advanced Illness at the Altarum Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study looked at 7,204 patients who died while enrolled in the national Health and Retirement study, a survey of Americans over age 50. After each participant’s death, a family member was asked questions about the person’s end-of-life experience, including whether the person suffered pain, depression or periodic confusion. Those three symptoms were all found to have become more prevalent over the 10-year analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason, Lynn said, is that doctors are using a greater range of high-tech treatments, which can lengthen the process of dying without curing the patient. “We throw more medical treatment at patients who are on their way to dying, which keeps them in a difficult situation for much, much longer,” she said. “We’ve increased the number of people put on ventilators and kept in hospitals, and we simply have more treatments that are possible to offer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of our research, she added, focuses on wiping out diseases, rather than long-term supports or symptom management for people with chronic conditions or disabilities associated with aging: “Think about how much we invest in curing Alzheimer’s disease, and how little we put into making the course of Alzheimer’s better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most physicians tend to under-treat pain and other symptoms at the \u003ca href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/institute-of-medicine-says-dying-in-america-is-harder-than-it-has-to-be/\" target=\"_blank\">end of life\u003c/a> because they don’t recognize them or are hesitant to talk candidly about the process of dying and the pain associated with it, said Dr. Tim Ihrig, a palliative care physician at UnityPoint Health in Fort Dodge, Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of practitioners aren’t honest. We fail to empower patients with the truth,” said Ihrig. “In that setting, it’s easier to continue to do procedures and diagnostics rather than having that conversation, which is very honest and very difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take a cancer patient who has stopped eating and is writhing in pain, he said. An oncologist might recognize the person is going to die, but rather than telling the patient, he or she begins another round of treatment that causes more pain and suffering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t have the vernacular in our society to have the conversation about the end of life. People say, ‘I don’t want to take away someone’s hope.’ But in a metastatic pancreatic cancer, for example, we have to redefine what we mean by hope,” he said, citing one of the most deadly cancers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often, those conversations aren’t happening until the last days or hours of life, according to Ihrig.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jonathan Keyserling, a senior vice president with the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, points out that half of all hospice patients receive hospice care for less than 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If these patients had been under the care of a hospice or palliative care program [earlier], their pain and symptoms could have been brought under control for a much longer and sustained period of time,” Keyserling said via email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s possible, however, that caregivers interviewed in the study simply reported more suffering, reflecting Americans’ changing awareness of pain and depression over the past decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve raised the expectation of better pain management over the years, which may make [the caregivers interviewed] more likely to report it,” says Rosemary Gibson, author of The Treatment Trap and senior advisor at The Hastings Center, a bioethics think tank based in New York. There are many more Americans diagnosed with depression today than in 1998, she added, “so it’s not surprising that people would report it more.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, Gibson said, the country has a long way to go in improving care at the end of life. The increase in palliative care and hospice use over the last decade was just ”an oasis in the desert. We did nothing to stop the tsunami of overuse [of aggressive treatments] and doing things to people at the end of life that have no benefit.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s time to pick up the speed of change, said study author Joann Lynn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are all going to pass through this part of our lives, and we have a strong interest in its not being awful. So let’s buckle down and get it right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"nosyndication\">\u003cem>This article was produced by Kaiser Health News with support from \u003ca href=\"http://www.thescanfoundation.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The SCAN Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Ranks Dead Last in Spending on Diabetes Prevention",
"title": "California Ranks Dead Last in Spending on Diabetes Prevention",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23779\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000015895198_Large-e1422914274182.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23779\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000015895198_Large-640x428.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Barbara Feder Ostrov,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org\" href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/lots-of-responsibility-for-in-home-care-providers-but-no-training-required/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California spends less per person than any state on diabetes prevention programs, even as one in 12 California adults is estimated to suffer from the chronic disease, according to a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/summary/2014-113\">report\u003c/a> from the California state auditor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using only federal grants, California spent just 3 cents per person on diabetes prevention in the 2012-2013 fiscal year, compared with New York’s 42 cents per person in state and federal money that year, the report noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No state funding is available for diabetes prevention in California, although the Department of Public Health has solicited the federal grants for programs in some counties, according to the report. The audit takes the agency to task for not doing more.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California Department of Public Health spokesman said no one was available for comment on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of declines in federal funding, California in 2012 shuttered nine regional centers devoted to reducing gestational diabetes. Now it has just a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/cdapp/Pages/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">website\u003c/a> with information on the condition, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0415.htm\" target=\"_blank\">can affect nearly 10 percent of pregnancies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state is not alone in underfunding prevention efforts, according to advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know we’re on the bottom of the pile on this, but what money is out there for diabetes is just a pittance across the country, when you look at the size of the problem of diabetes,” said Michael Chae, executive director of the American Diabetes Association’s regional office in Oakland. “I’d say you could take this report for most large states and it would read similarly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the body either cannot make enough insulin to control blood sugar (Type 1) or cannot process insulin normally (Type 2). Although diabetes can be controlled with medications and lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise, the yearly health care and related costs of the disease have been estimated at $27.5 billion in California alone, according to the American Diabetes Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state auditor’s report acknowledged that the state public health agency appropriately spends its federal dollars. It also recently received new federal grants for diabetes prevention efforts in four counties. But the report faulted the agency for not doing more to identify additional funding and for not expanding programs to other counties with high diabetes rates. Auditors were able to identify two additional federal grants totaling $1 million that the state could have applied for but did not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor described the public health agency’s stated goal of preventing diabetes in 380,000 people by 2022 as “lofty.” It concluded, however, that the agency “will need to do more than it has been able to in the past with its limited funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics/2014StatisticsReport.html\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 30 million Americans live with diabetes\u003c/a> and about \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/newsroom/rates.html\" target=\"_blank\">1.7 million people are newly diagnosed\u003c/a> each year, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/cdcb/Documents/Heart%20DiseaseDiabetesPrev%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">More than 2.3 million\u003c/a> California adults report they have been diagnosed with diabetes and many others are considered to have the disease but do not know it. Still others are considered to be at high risk, or “prediabetic,” based on their blood sugar levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chae and other diabetes advocates said they have tried repeatedly over the years to persuade lawmakers to devote state money to diabetes prevention, to little avail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s challenging to convince lawmakers and the public to devote more money to diabetes prevention, Chae said, because the disease is often unfairly characterized as a lifestyle problem caused by poor choices such as unhealthful eating and inadequate exercise. In addition, it progresses slowly, and symptoms are often invisible for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, years of state reliance on federal grants alone has resulted in uncoordinated programs and staffers who come and go as the grants do, said Joan Werblun, a retired nurse and longtime advocate who helped found the \u003ca href=\"http://diabetescoalitionofcalifornia.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Diabetes Coalition of California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you get these grants, you’re so tied into the specifics of the grants, and most of the time, it’s about data collection on how the grant is going,” Werblun said. “That’s where the money’s going. The state’s very happy to point at their projects, but they’re very small and there’s no continuation when the money’s gone. What we need are more people in the communities doing the work.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The state spent just 3 cents per person on diabetes prevention in 2012-2013.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23779\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000015895198_Large-e1422914274182.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23779\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/02/iStock_000015895198_Large-640x428.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"428\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Barbara Feder Ostrov,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org\" href=\"http://kaiserhealthnews.org/news/lots-of-responsibility-for-in-home-care-providers-but-no-training-required/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California spends less per person than any state on diabetes prevention programs, even as one in 12 California adults is estimated to suffer from the chronic disease, according to a new \u003ca href=\"http://www.auditor.ca.gov/reports/summary/2014-113\">report\u003c/a> from the California state auditor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using only federal grants, California spent just 3 cents per person on diabetes prevention in the 2012-2013 fiscal year, compared with New York’s 42 cents per person in state and federal money that year, the report noted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No state funding is available for diabetes prevention in California, although the Department of Public Health has solicited the federal grants for programs in some counties, according to the report. The audit takes the agency to task for not doing more.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A California Department of Public Health spokesman said no one was available for comment on Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of declines in federal funding, California in 2012 shuttered nine regional centers devoted to reducing gestational diabetes. Now it has just a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/cdapp/Pages/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">website\u003c/a> with information on the condition, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2014/13_0415.htm\" target=\"_blank\">can affect nearly 10 percent of pregnancies\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the state is not alone in underfunding prevention efforts, according to advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know we’re on the bottom of the pile on this, but what money is out there for diabetes is just a pittance across the country, when you look at the size of the problem of diabetes,” said Michael Chae, executive director of the American Diabetes Association’s regional office in Oakland. “I’d say you could take this report for most large states and it would read similarly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the body either cannot make enough insulin to control blood sugar (Type 1) or cannot process insulin normally (Type 2). Although diabetes can be controlled with medications and lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise, the yearly health care and related costs of the disease have been estimated at $27.5 billion in California alone, according to the American Diabetes Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state auditor’s report acknowledged that the state public health agency appropriately spends its federal dollars. It also recently received new federal grants for diabetes prevention efforts in four counties. But the report faulted the agency for not doing more to identify additional funding and for not expanding programs to other counties with high diabetes rates. Auditors were able to identify two additional federal grants totaling $1 million that the state could have applied for but did not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The auditor described the public health agency’s stated goal of preventing diabetes in 380,000 people by 2022 as “lofty.” It concluded, however, that the agency “will need to do more than it has been able to in the past with its limited funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/data/statistics/2014StatisticsReport.html\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 30 million Americans live with diabetes\u003c/a> and about \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/newsroom/rates.html\" target=\"_blank\">1.7 million people are newly diagnosed\u003c/a> each year, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/cdcb/Documents/Heart%20DiseaseDiabetesPrev%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">More than 2.3 million\u003c/a> California adults report they have been diagnosed with diabetes and many others are considered to have the disease but do not know it. Still others are considered to be at high risk, or “prediabetic,” based on their blood sugar levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chae and other diabetes advocates said they have tried repeatedly over the years to persuade lawmakers to devote state money to diabetes prevention, to little avail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s challenging to convince lawmakers and the public to devote more money to diabetes prevention, Chae said, because the disease is often unfairly characterized as a lifestyle problem caused by poor choices such as unhealthful eating and inadequate exercise. In addition, it progresses slowly, and symptoms are often invisible for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, years of state reliance on federal grants alone has resulted in uncoordinated programs and staffers who come and go as the grants do, said Joan Werblun, a retired nurse and longtime advocate who helped found the \u003ca href=\"http://diabetescoalitionofcalifornia.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Diabetes Coalition of California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you get these grants, you’re so tied into the specifics of the grants, and most of the time, it’s about data collection on how the grant is going,” Werblun said. “That’s where the money’s going. The state’s very happy to point at their projects, but they’re very small and there’s no continuation when the money’s gone. What we need are more people in the communities doing the work.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Measles Update -- Marin Cases; State Lawmaker to Introduce Vaccine Bill",
"title": "Measles Update -- Marin Cases; State Lawmaker to Introduce Vaccine Bill",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two unvaccinated Marin children have been confirmed to have measles, county health officials announced Thursday night \u003ca title=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/sites/default/files/files/public-health-updates/measles_health_advisory_01_29_2015.pdf\" href=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/sites/default/files/files/public-health-updates/measles_health_advisory_01_29_2015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">in an advisory\u003c/a> sent to all Marin County clinicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Matt Willis, Marin Health Officer, told the Marin Independent Journal that the two children were members of the same family and that they had become infected outside the county. The children are of school age, Willis added, but no other unvaccinated children would be barred from attending school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More from the \u003ca title=\"http://www.marinij.com/News/ci_27423424/Two-measles-cases-confirmed-in-Marin-Wednesday\" href=\"http://www.marinij.com/News/ci_27423424/Two-measles-cases-confirmed-in-Marin-Wednesday\" target=\"_blank\">Independent-Journal\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"These were two children who were out of school well before and throughout any infectious period,\" Willis said. \"The infectious period for measles is usually around eight days.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this reason, the protocol of excluding unvaccinated children will not be observed, Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis said the two children \"have been safely isolated from the community, and will remain isolated for the next three weeks. The health department is in regular contact with the family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The children were out of the county for part of that interval and were not in direct contact with anyone in the community, Willis said. \"We are taking appropriate measures to protect the community against further spread,\" he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Carl Krawitt, the Marin father of a \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" target=\"_blank\">child who cannot be vaccinated\u003c/a> because he is recovering from cancer treatment, said he is \"sorry for children who are sick and hope they heal fast.\" Krawitt has been advocating for changes in policy that would require schools to bar unvaccinated children from school, until they are immunized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin is the 10th California county to see measles cases in the outbreak that started \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">in connection to Disneyland\u003c/a> in December. The new cases bring the statewide total in the current outbreak to 81.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Law to be Introduced\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new cases come against a backdrop of a \u003ca title=\"http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-exemption-20150128-story.html\" href=\"http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-exemption-20150128-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">growing debat\u003c/a>e about California's use of the \"personal belief exemption\" which allows parents to opt-out of vaccines on behalf of their children. The statewide PBE rate is 2.5 percent, \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/18/bay-area-communities-are-home-to-clusters-of-people-refusing-vaccines/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/18/bay-area-communities-are-home-to-clusters-of-people-refusing-vaccines/\" target=\"_blank\">but in many areas \u003c/a>the rates are significantly higher. Marin county's PBE rate is 6.45 percent; some \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/2014-15%20CA%20Kindergarten%20Immunization%20Assessment.pdf\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/2014-15%20CA%20Kindergarten%20Immunization%20Assessment.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">rural Northern California counties \u003c/a>are higher still. Nevada County's PBE rate is 21.55 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento) says he will \u003ca title=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/news/2015-01-27-dr-richard-pan’s-2013-legislation-leads-more-vaccinated-children-schools-announces\" href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/news/2015-01-27-dr-richard-pan%E2%80%99s-2013-legislation-leads-more-vaccinated-children-schools-announces\" target=\"_blank\">introduce a bill \u003c/a>Friday that would require schools to notify parents of its immunization rates. They would also need to include a \"reference rate,\" he said, that would tell parents what public health officials say the rate of vaccination should be to protect people who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important to keep families informed of things their child may be at risk of at their school,\" Pan, who is also a pediatrician, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Pan said he wants to look at tightening the personal belief exemption. Only \u003ca title=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" href=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" target=\"_blank\">a minority of states\u003c/a> allow a personal belief exemption. \"Many other states have much stricter rules,\" Pan told me. \"There are \u003ca title=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" href=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" target=\"_blank\">many states \u003c/a>where you can only get exempted if you have a medical reason, or you can demonstrate a strong religious reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York is one such state, and Pan said he plans to see if that approach might be a \"more appropriate model\" for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to look at what we need to do here in California,\" he said. \"We certainly understand people have different beliefs, but we also need children to be safe in their schools.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krawitt, who has worried about the PBE rate in Marin and more broadly, was enthusiastic to hear of Pan's ideas. He said he and his wife would like to see a bill, but \"we would likely endorse it.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two unvaccinated Marin children have been confirmed to have measles, county health officials announced Thursday night \u003ca title=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/sites/default/files/files/public-health-updates/measles_health_advisory_01_29_2015.pdf\" href=\"https://www.marinhhs.org/sites/default/files/files/public-health-updates/measles_health_advisory_01_29_2015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">in an advisory\u003c/a> sent to all Marin County clinicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Matt Willis, Marin Health Officer, told the Marin Independent Journal that the two children were members of the same family and that they had become infected outside the county. The children are of school age, Willis added, but no other unvaccinated children would be barred from attending school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More from the \u003ca title=\"http://www.marinij.com/News/ci_27423424/Two-measles-cases-confirmed-in-Marin-Wednesday\" href=\"http://www.marinij.com/News/ci_27423424/Two-measles-cases-confirmed-in-Marin-Wednesday\" target=\"_blank\">Independent-Journal\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"These were two children who were out of school well before and throughout any infectious period,\" Willis said. \"The infectious period for measles is usually around eight days.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this reason, the protocol of excluding unvaccinated children will not be observed, Willis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willis said the two children \"have been safely isolated from the community, and will remain isolated for the next three weeks. The health department is in regular contact with the family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The children were out of the county for part of that interval and were not in direct contact with anyone in the community, Willis said. \"We are taking appropriate measures to protect the community against further spread,\" he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Carl Krawitt, the Marin father of a \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/26/not-vaccinated-stay-home-from-school-says-marin-dad-of-leukemia-patient/\" target=\"_blank\">child who cannot be vaccinated\u003c/a> because he is recovering from cancer treatment, said he is \"sorry for children who are sick and hope they heal fast.\" Krawitt has been advocating for changes in policy that would require schools to bar unvaccinated children from school, until they are immunized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin is the 10th California county to see measles cases in the outbreak that started \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">in connection to Disneyland\u003c/a> in December. The new cases bring the statewide total in the current outbreak to 81.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Law to be Introduced\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new cases come against a backdrop of a \u003ca title=\"http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-exemption-20150128-story.html\" href=\"http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-exemption-20150128-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">growing debat\u003c/a>e about California's use of the \"personal belief exemption\" which allows parents to opt-out of vaccines on behalf of their children. The statewide PBE rate is 2.5 percent, \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/18/bay-area-communities-are-home-to-clusters-of-people-refusing-vaccines/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/18/bay-area-communities-are-home-to-clusters-of-people-refusing-vaccines/\" target=\"_blank\">but in many areas \u003c/a>the rates are significantly higher. Marin county's PBE rate is 6.45 percent; some \u003ca title=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/2014-15%20CA%20Kindergarten%20Immunization%20Assessment.pdf\" href=\"http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/immunize/Documents/2014-15%20CA%20Kindergarten%20Immunization%20Assessment.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">rural Northern California counties \u003c/a>are higher still. Nevada County's PBE rate is 21.55 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sen. Richard Pan (D-Sacramento) says he will \u003ca title=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/news/2015-01-27-dr-richard-pan’s-2013-legislation-leads-more-vaccinated-children-schools-announces\" href=\"http://sd06.senate.ca.gov/news/2015-01-27-dr-richard-pan%E2%80%99s-2013-legislation-leads-more-vaccinated-children-schools-announces\" target=\"_blank\">introduce a bill \u003c/a>Friday that would require schools to notify parents of its immunization rates. They would also need to include a \"reference rate,\" he said, that would tell parents what public health officials say the rate of vaccination should be to protect people who cannot be vaccinated for medical reasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's important to keep families informed of things their child may be at risk of at their school,\" Pan, who is also a pediatrician, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Pan said he wants to look at tightening the personal belief exemption. Only \u003ca title=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" href=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" target=\"_blank\">a minority of states\u003c/a> allow a personal belief exemption. \"Many other states have much stricter rules,\" Pan told me. \"There are \u003ca title=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" href=\"http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/cc-exem.htm\" target=\"_blank\">many states \u003c/a>where you can only get exempted if you have a medical reason, or you can demonstrate a strong religious reason.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New York is one such state, and Pan said he plans to see if that approach might be a \"more appropriate model\" for California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to look at what we need to do here in California,\" he said. \"We certainly understand people have different beliefs, but we also need children to be safe in their schools.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krawitt, who has worried about the PBE rate in Marin and more broadly, was enthusiastic to hear of Pan's ideas. He said he and his wife would like to see a bill, but \"we would likely endorse it.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Suspected Ebola Patient in Sacramento Tested Negative",
"title": "Suspected Ebola Patient in Sacramento Tested Negative",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22048\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/10/453210018-e1413347219345.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-22048\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/10/453210018-640x498.jpg\" alt=\"(Courtesy: Centers for Disease Control)\" width=\"640\" height=\"498\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Courtesy: Centers for Disease Control)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Fri. January 30:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health says that the patient with suspected Ebola infection has tested negative for the virus. CDPH reminds everyone that there are no confirmed Ebola cases in California \"and no threat to the general public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A patient suspected of being infected with the Ebola virus was transferred to UC Davis Medical Center in Sacramento Thursday morning, the hospital said\u003ca title=\"http://m.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/newsroom/9672\" href=\"http://m.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/newsroom/9672\" target=\"_blank\"> in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have no other details about the patient at this time -- except that the patient was transferred from Mercy General Hospital in Sacramento. All five UC medical centers were \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/10/24/five-uc-hospitals-now-designated-for-ebola-care/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/10/24/five-uc-hospitals-now-designated-for-ebola-care/\" target=\"_blank\">designated Ebola treatment centers\u003c/a> by the California Department of Public Health last October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the full statement from UC Davis Medical Center:\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>A patient with symptoms consistent with Ebola infection was transferred to UC Davis Medical Center Thursday morning from Mercy General Hospital in Sacramento. UC Davis, identified by the California Department of Public Health as a priority hospital to treat confirmed Ebola patients, is fully prepared to safely assess and treat the patient if necessary in accordance with guidelines established by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The hospital is coordinating its response with the Sacramento County Department of Public Health. Measures put in place to protect the health and safety of hospital workers and patients include extensive training on proper use of personal protective equipment and the establishment of a dedicated isolation room for treatment of suspected and confirmed Ebola patients. UC Davis Medical Center remains open and is continuing to operate as normal.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_22048\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/10/453210018-e1413347219345.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-22048\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2014/10/453210018-640x498.jpg\" alt=\"(Courtesy: Centers for Disease Control)\" width=\"640\" height=\"498\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Courtesy: Centers for Disease Control)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, Fri. January 30:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Department of Public Health says that the patient with suspected Ebola infection has tested negative for the virus. CDPH reminds everyone that there are no confirmed Ebola cases in California \"and no threat to the general public.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A patient suspected of being infected with the Ebola virus was transferred to UC Davis Medical Center in Sacramento Thursday morning, the hospital said\u003ca title=\"http://m.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/newsroom/9672\" href=\"http://m.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/publish/news/newsroom/9672\" target=\"_blank\"> in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have no other details about the patient at this time -- except that the patient was transferred from Mercy General Hospital in Sacramento. All five UC medical centers were \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/10/24/five-uc-hospitals-now-designated-for-ebola-care/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/10/24/five-uc-hospitals-now-designated-for-ebola-care/\" target=\"_blank\">designated Ebola treatment centers\u003c/a> by the California Department of Public Health last October.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's the full statement from UC Davis Medical Center:\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>A patient with symptoms consistent with Ebola infection was transferred to UC Davis Medical Center Thursday morning from Mercy General Hospital in Sacramento. UC Davis, identified by the California Department of Public Health as a priority hospital to treat confirmed Ebola patients, is fully prepared to safely assess and treat the patient if necessary in accordance with guidelines established by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The hospital is coordinating its response with the Sacramento County Department of Public Health. Measures put in place to protect the health and safety of hospital workers and patients include extensive training on proper use of personal protective equipment and the establishment of a dedicated isolation room for treatment of suspected and confirmed Ebola patients. UC Davis Medical Center remains open and is continuing to operate as normal.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Not Vaccinated? 'Stay Home from School,' Says Marin Dad of Leukemia Patient",
"title": "Not Vaccinated? 'Stay Home from School,' Says Marin Dad of Leukemia Patient",
"headTitle": "Vital Signs | State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Carl Krawitt has watched his son, Rhett, now 6, fight leukemia for the last 4½ years. For more than three of those years, Rhett has undergone round after round of chemotherapy. Last year, he finished chemotherapy, and doctors say he is in remission.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Do you want to help the family of a child with cancer? Make sure your own children are vaccinated, doctor says.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Now, there's a new threat: measles. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">An outbreak tied to Disneyland has grown from 9\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/21/state-measles-cases-now-at-59-expect-more-2/\" target=\"_blank\">73 cases \u003c/a>in just two and a half weeks. Public health officials fear it will spread further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhett cannot be vaccinated, because his immune system is still rebuilding. It may be months more before his body is healthy enough to get all his immunizations. Until then, he depends on everyone around him for protection -- or what's known as \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/08/23/5-things-you-should-know-about-vaccines/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/08/23/5-things-you-should-know-about-vaccines/\" target=\"_blank\">herd immunity\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rhett lives in Marin, a county with the \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/21/marin-vaccinations/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/21/marin-vaccinations/\" target=\"_blank\">dubious honor of having the highest rate of \"personal belief exemptions\"\u003c/a> (PBE) in the Bay Area and among the highest in the state. This school year, 6.45 percent of Marin's kindergarteners have a PBE, which allows parents to lawfully send their children to school unvaccinated against communicable diseases like measles, polio, whooping cough and more. The statewide average is 2.50 percent.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Krawitt has just about had enough. \"It's very emotional for me,\" he said. \"If you choose not to immunize your own child and your own child dies because they get measles, OK, that's your responsibility, that's your choice. But if your child gets sick and gets my child sick and my child dies, then … your action has harmed my child.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krawitt is taking action of his own. His son attends Reed Elementary in Tiburon, a school with a 7 percent PBE rate, nearly triple the statewide average. Krawitt had previously worked with the school nurse to make sure that all the children in his son's class were fully vaccinated. He said the school was very helpful and accommodating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23583\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/lookup.jpg\" alt=\"lookup\" width=\"300\" height=\"151\">\u003c/a>Now Krawitt and his wife, Jodi, have emailed the district's superintendent, requesting that the district \"require immunization as a condition of attendance, with the only exception being those who cannot medically be vaccinated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Krawitt provided me with Superintendent Steven Herzog's response. Herzog didn't directly address their query, instead saying: \"\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\">We are monitoring the situation closely and will take whatever actions necessary to ensure the safety of our students.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, response to health emergencies rests with county health officers. During the current measles outbreak, we've already seen that unvaccinated students at Huntington Beach High School in Orange County \u003ca title=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-students-exposed-to-measles-oc-20150120-story.html\" href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-students-exposed-to-measles-oc-20150120-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">were ordered to stay \u003c/a>out of school for three weeks after a student there contracted measles. It's a way to contain an outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those steps were taken in the face a confirmed case at the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I called Marin County health officer Matt Willis to see what he thought of keeping unvaccinated kids out of school even if there were no confirmed cases, he sounded intrigued. \"This is partly a legal question,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was open to the idea and said he was going to check with the state to see what precedent there was to take such an action. Right now, there are no cases of measles anywhere in Marin and no suspected cases either. Still, \"if the outbreak progresses and we start seeing more and more cases,\" Willis said, \"then this is a step we might want to consider' -- requiring unvaccinated children to stay home, even without confirmed cases at a specific school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/188229275\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhett has been treated at UCSF, and his oncologist there, Dr. Robert Goldsby, said that Rhett is likely at higher risk of complications if he were to get measles. \"When your immune system isn't working as well, it allows many different infections to be worse,\" he said. \"It's not just Rhett. There are hundreds of other kids in the Bay Area that are going through cancer therapy, and it's not fair to them. They can't get immunized, they have to rely on their friends and colleagues and community to help protect them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23648\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/pre-op-helping-doctors-12-6-10.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-23648\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/pre-op-helping-doctors-12-6-10-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Rhett Krawitt, just weeks after starting chemotherapy, in 2010. (Courtesy: Carl Krawitt)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rhett Krawitt, just weeks after starting chemotherapy, in 2010. (Courtesy: Carl Krawitt)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Goldsby pointed to the number of people who, when facing a friend or family member who receives a challenging diagnosis, will immediately ask how they can help. \"Many families will say, 'What can I do to help? What can I do to help?'\" he said, repeating it for emphasis. \"One of the main things they can do is make sure their [own] kids are vaccinated to protect others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krawitt has been speaking up about vaccination for a long time now. He told me about going to a parent meeting at his daughter's school just before the start of the school year, where a staff member reminded parents not to send peanut products to school, since a child or children had an allergy. \"It's really important your kids don't bring peanuts, because kids can die,\" Krawitt recalls the group being told.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The irony was not lost on him. He told me he immediately responded, \"In the interest of the health and safety of our children, can we have the assurance that all the kids at our school are immunized?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He found out later from a friend that other parents who were present were \"mad that you asked the question, because they don't immunize their kids.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://vimeo.com/118290318\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "Not Vaccinated? 'Stay Home from School,' Says Marin Dad of Leukemia Patient",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Carl Krawitt has watched his son, Rhett, now 6, fight leukemia for the last 4½ years. For more than three of those years, Rhett has undergone round after round of chemotherapy. Last year, he finished chemotherapy, and doctors say he is in remission.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Do you want to help the family of a child with cancer? Make sure your own children are vaccinated, doctor says.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Now, there's a new threat: measles. \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/07/nine-measles-cases-tied-to-disneyland-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">An outbreak tied to Disneyland has grown from 9\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/21/state-measles-cases-now-at-59-expect-more-2/\" target=\"_blank\">73 cases \u003c/a>in just two and a half weeks. Public health officials fear it will spread further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhett cannot be vaccinated, because his immune system is still rebuilding. It may be months more before his body is healthy enough to get all his immunizations. Until then, he depends on everyone around him for protection -- or what's known as \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/08/23/5-things-you-should-know-about-vaccines/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/08/23/5-things-you-should-know-about-vaccines/\" target=\"_blank\">herd immunity\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Rhett lives in Marin, a county with the \u003ca title=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/21/marin-vaccinations/\" href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/21/marin-vaccinations/\" target=\"_blank\">dubious honor of having the highest rate of \"personal belief exemptions\"\u003c/a> (PBE) in the Bay Area and among the highest in the state. This school year, 6.45 percent of Marin's kindergarteners have a PBE, which allows parents to lawfully send their children to school unvaccinated against communicable diseases like measles, polio, whooping cough and more. The statewide average is 2.50 percent.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Krawitt has just about had enough. \"It's very emotional for me,\" he said. \"If you choose not to immunize your own child and your own child dies because they get measles, OK, that's your responsibility, that's your choice. But if your child gets sick and gets my child sick and my child dies, then … your action has harmed my child.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krawitt is taking action of his own. His son attends Reed Elementary in Tiburon, a school with a 7 percent PBE rate, nearly triple the statewide average. Krawitt had previously worked with the school nurse to make sure that all the children in his son's class were fully vaccinated. He said the school was very helpful and accommodating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/09/11/vaccine-opt-out-rate-doubled-in-7-years-look-up-your-school-online/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23583\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/lookup.jpg\" alt=\"lookup\" width=\"300\" height=\"151\">\u003c/a>Now Krawitt and his wife, Jodi, have emailed the district's superintendent, requesting that the district \"require immunization as a condition of attendance, with the only exception being those who cannot medically be vaccinated.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carl Krawitt provided me with Superintendent Steven Herzog's response. Herzog didn't directly address their query, instead saying: \"\u003cspan class=\"Apple-style-span\">We are monitoring the situation closely and will take whatever actions necessary to ensure the safety of our students.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Typically, response to health emergencies rests with county health officers. During the current measles outbreak, we've already seen that unvaccinated students at Huntington Beach High School in Orange County \u003ca title=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-students-exposed-to-measles-oc-20150120-story.html\" href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-students-exposed-to-measles-oc-20150120-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">were ordered to stay \u003c/a>out of school for three weeks after a student there contracted measles. It's a way to contain an outbreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those steps were taken in the face a confirmed case at the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I called Marin County health officer Matt Willis to see what he thought of keeping unvaccinated kids out of school even if there were no confirmed cases, he sounded intrigued. \"This is partly a legal question,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was open to the idea and said he was going to check with the state to see what precedent there was to take such an action. Right now, there are no cases of measles anywhere in Marin and no suspected cases either. Still, \"if the outbreak progresses and we start seeing more and more cases,\" Willis said, \"then this is a step we might want to consider' -- requiring unvaccinated children to stay home, even without confirmed cases at a specific school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/188229275&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/188229275'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhett has been treated at UCSF, and his oncologist there, Dr. Robert Goldsby, said that Rhett is likely at higher risk of complications if he were to get measles. \"When your immune system isn't working as well, it allows many different infections to be worse,\" he said. \"It's not just Rhett. There are hundreds of other kids in the Bay Area that are going through cancer therapy, and it's not fair to them. They can't get immunized, they have to rely on their friends and colleagues and community to help protect them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23648\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/pre-op-helping-doctors-12-6-10.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-23648\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/pre-op-helping-doctors-12-6-10-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Rhett Krawitt, just weeks after starting chemotherapy, in 2010. (Courtesy: Carl Krawitt)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rhett Krawitt, just weeks after starting chemotherapy, in 2010. (Courtesy: Carl Krawitt)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Goldsby pointed to the number of people who, when facing a friend or family member who receives a challenging diagnosis, will immediately ask how they can help. \"Many families will say, 'What can I do to help? What can I do to help?'\" he said, repeating it for emphasis. \"One of the main things they can do is make sure their [own] kids are vaccinated to protect others.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krawitt has been speaking up about vaccination for a long time now. He told me about going to a parent meeting at his daughter's school just before the start of the school year, where a staff member reminded parents not to send peanut products to school, since a child or children had an allergy. \"It's really important your kids don't bring peanuts, because kids can die,\" Krawitt recalls the group being told.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The irony was not lost on him. He told me he immediately responded, \"In the interest of the health and safety of our children, can we have the assurance that all the kids at our school are immunized?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He found out later from a friend that other parents who were present were \"mad that you asked the question, because they don't immunize their kids.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Amnio Alternative: Blood Test Gives Women New Option for Prenatal Screening",
"title": "Amnio Alternative: Blood Test Gives Women New Option for Prenatal Screening",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/iStock_000004049788_Medium-e1422298804406.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23619\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/iStock_000004049788_Medium-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Ultrasound is often used for prenatal screening. It's just one of several prenatal screenings available to pregnant women. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ultrasound is often used for prenatal screening. It's just one of several prenatal screenings available to pregnant women. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Nell Greenfield-Boyce,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/01/26/368449371/dna-blood-test-gives-women-a-new-option-for-prenatal-screening\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/01/26/368449371/dna-blood-test-gives-women-a-new-option-for-prenatal-screening\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Amy Seitz got pregnant with her second child last year, she knew that being 35 years old meant there was an increased chance of chromosomal disorders like Down syndrome. She wanted to be screened, and she knew just what kind of screening she wanted — a test that's so new, some women and doctors don't quite realize what they've signed up for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of test , called \u003ca title=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Genetics/Noninvasive-Prenatal-Testing-for-Fetal-Aneuploidy\" href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Genetics/Noninvasive-Prenatal-Testing-for-Fetal-Aneuploidy\" target=\"_blank\">cell free fetal DNA testing\u003c/a>, uses a simple blood sample from an expectant mother to analyze bits of fetal DNA that have leaked into her bloodstream. It's only been on the market since October 2011 and is not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration — the FDA does not regulate this type of genetic testing service. Several companies now offer the test, including Sequenom and Illumina. Insurance coverage varies, and doctors often only offer this testing to women at higher risk because of things like advanced maternal age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that I initially heard about it through family and friends,\" says Seitz. \"They had had the option of it given to them by their doctors.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To her, it sounded great. She didn't want an invasive procedure like \u003ca title=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003921.htm\" href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003921.htm\" target=\"_blank\">amniocentesis\u003c/a> or \u003ca title=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003406.htm\" href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003406.htm\" target=\"_blank\">chorionic villus sampling\u003c/a> (CVS). Those are considered the gold standard for prenatal genetic testing, but doctors must put a needle into the womb to collect cells that contain fetal DNA, which means a small risk of miscarriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wasn't interested in going as far as getting an amniocentesis because of the risk associated with that,\" she explains, \"and so when I heard about this test, that was part of the reason that I was most interested in it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Huge Impact\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new way of testing fetal DNA seemed to have already become fairly common where Seitz used to live, in Washington, D.C. But she had recently moved to Alabama, and the clinic she went to there wasn't as familiar with it — although when she talked to her doctor, she learned they'd just had a visit from a company's sales representative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it was a fairly new test for them at that point, but she was interested in pursuing it further to see what needed to be done,\" Seitz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seitz got her blood drawn last July, becoming one of hundreds of thousands of pregnant women who've opted for this new kind of test instead of the more traditional, invasive ones. Doctors say the impact has been huge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those of us in the field who do diagnostic procedures like CVS and amnio have seen a drastic decrease in the number of those procedures that are being performed,\" says Dr. Mary Norton, an expert on maternal-fetal medicine and genetics at the U.C. San Francisco. \"Places are reporting doing fewer than half the number of procedures that were being done previously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she says, things have changed so quickly that it may be hard for doctors and patients to know what they're dealing with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's still new and it's quite different than previous genetic testing that's been available,\" says Norton. \"It's quite a different paradigm, if you will.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An invasive test like amniocentesis or CVS lets doctors get a complete picture of the chromosomes and a solid diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until the new testing technology came along, the only less invasive option was for an expectant mother to get an \u003ca title=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ultrasound.html\" href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ultrasound.html\" target=\"_blank\">ultrasound,\u003c/a> plus have her blood tested for specific proteins. This can reveal if there's an increased risk of certain disorders, but it's not very accurate and produces a lot of false alarms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Less Invasive, But Beware of Limitations\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1311037\" href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1311037\" target=\"_blank\"> Studies\u003c/a> have shown that the new fetal DNA tests do a better job, says Norton. They're less likely to flag a normal pregnancy as high risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're much more accurate than current screening tests, but they are not diagnostic tests in the sense that amniocentesis is,\" says Norton, \"and so I think that has led to some confusion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the newer blood tests do look at fetal DNA, they can't give a definitive answer like an amniocentesis can because they're analyzing scraps of fetal DNA in the mother's blood that are all mixed up with her own DNA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norton says when women get worrisome results from one of these new tests and are referred to her center, they sometimes don't understand why doctors are offering a follow-up amnio \"because they were under the impression that this was as good as an amnio.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is concerned that some people might end a pregnancy without getting confirmatory testing, and points to\u003ca title=\"http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378%2814%2900818-7/abstract\" href=\"http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378%2814%2900818-7/abstract\" target=\"_blank\"> one study \u003c/a>last year that found a small number of women did that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's at least some evidence that it's happening to a greater degree than I think many of us are comfortable with,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tests are being used more and more widely. Some worry that the companies' websites and marketing materials don't make the limitations clear enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dr. Lee Shulman doesn't see it that way. He's an obstetrician and geneticist at Northwestern University in Chicago who has consulted for a couple of the testing firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Patients need to understand that while this is better, it is not a diagnostic test, and I think the companies have done a great job in putting this material out,\" he says. \"Whether or not clinicians use this material and take it to heart and use it for patient counseling is a different story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the technology is so new that a lot of doctors have no experience with it, and consumers need to understand that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the patient, if the couple, are not getting the answers, not getting the information they feel comfortable with, they need to seek out prenatal diagnostic centers, maternal fetal specialists, clinical geneticists, who may have more experience,\" says Shulman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, here's one thing that might turn out to be a little more complicated than would-be parents might expect. Along with screening for the common chromosomal disorders, companies offer parents the chance to learn their baby's sex — weeks before it's clear on a sonogram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many women are very excited by the idea that as part of their blood testing, they could find out pretty definitively if the baby is a boy or a girl,\" says Dr. Diana Bianchi, an expert on prenatal diagnostics at Tufts University School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they may not realize, she says, is that the test will also determine whether there's something abnormal about the sex chromosomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Approximately 1 in 700 pregnancies there's an extra X or extra Y,\" she says, noting that these are mild conditions that would normally go undetected, unless a woman had an invasive test like an amnio. Some babies with these conditions grow up into adulthood and never know they have them, unless they face a symptom like infertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Seitz, in Alabama, thought it was a bonus that getting this new blood test would tell her if she was having a boy or a girl. But it actually didn't do that, because of a paperwork glitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The box for sex got unchecked somewhere along the way, so we weren't able to find it out from the test,\" says Seitz, who learned from an ultrasound that she was having a girl. The results she did get from the fetal DNA test were reassuring.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A blood test can analyze bits of fetal DNA that leaked into the mother's bloodstream. The drawback is that it's less accurate than other tests like amniocentesis. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23619\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/iStock_000004049788_Medium-e1422298804406.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23619\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/iStock_000004049788_Medium-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Ultrasound is often used for prenatal screening. It's just one of several prenatal screenings available to pregnant women. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ultrasound is often used for prenatal screening. It's just one of several prenatal screenings available to pregnant women. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Nell Greenfield-Boyce,\u003c/strong> \u003ca title=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/01/26/368449371/dna-blood-test-gives-women-a-new-option-for-prenatal-screening\" href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2015/01/26/368449371/dna-blood-test-gives-women-a-new-option-for-prenatal-screening\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Amy Seitz got pregnant with her second child last year, she knew that being 35 years old meant there was an increased chance of chromosomal disorders like Down syndrome. She wanted to be screened, and she knew just what kind of screening she wanted — a test that's so new, some women and doctors don't quite realize what they've signed up for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This kind of test , called \u003ca title=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Genetics/Noninvasive-Prenatal-Testing-for-Fetal-Aneuploidy\" href=\"http://www.acog.org/Resources-And-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Genetics/Noninvasive-Prenatal-Testing-for-Fetal-Aneuploidy\" target=\"_blank\">cell free fetal DNA testing\u003c/a>, uses a simple blood sample from an expectant mother to analyze bits of fetal DNA that have leaked into her bloodstream. It's only been on the market since October 2011 and is not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration — the FDA does not regulate this type of genetic testing service. Several companies now offer the test, including Sequenom and Illumina. Insurance coverage varies, and doctors often only offer this testing to women at higher risk because of things like advanced maternal age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think that I initially heard about it through family and friends,\" says Seitz. \"They had had the option of it given to them by their doctors.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To her, it sounded great. She didn't want an invasive procedure like \u003ca title=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003921.htm\" href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003921.htm\" target=\"_blank\">amniocentesis\u003c/a> or \u003ca title=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003406.htm\" href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003406.htm\" target=\"_blank\">chorionic villus sampling\u003c/a> (CVS). Those are considered the gold standard for prenatal genetic testing, but doctors must put a needle into the womb to collect cells that contain fetal DNA, which means a small risk of miscarriage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wasn't interested in going as far as getting an amniocentesis because of the risk associated with that,\" she explains, \"and so when I heard about this test, that was part of the reason that I was most interested in it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Huge Impact\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new way of testing fetal DNA seemed to have already become fairly common where Seitz used to live, in Washington, D.C. But she had recently moved to Alabama, and the clinic she went to there wasn't as familiar with it — although when she talked to her doctor, she learned they'd just had a visit from a company's sales representative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it was a fairly new test for them at that point, but she was interested in pursuing it further to see what needed to be done,\" Seitz says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seitz got her blood drawn last July, becoming one of hundreds of thousands of pregnant women who've opted for this new kind of test instead of the more traditional, invasive ones. Doctors say the impact has been huge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those of us in the field who do diagnostic procedures like CVS and amnio have seen a drastic decrease in the number of those procedures that are being performed,\" says Dr. Mary Norton, an expert on maternal-fetal medicine and genetics at the U.C. San Francisco. \"Places are reporting doing fewer than half the number of procedures that were being done previously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she says, things have changed so quickly that it may be hard for doctors and patients to know what they're dealing with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's still new and it's quite different than previous genetic testing that's been available,\" says Norton. \"It's quite a different paradigm, if you will.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An invasive test like amniocentesis or CVS lets doctors get a complete picture of the chromosomes and a solid diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until the new testing technology came along, the only less invasive option was for an expectant mother to get an \u003ca title=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ultrasound.html\" href=\"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ultrasound.html\" target=\"_blank\">ultrasound,\u003c/a> plus have her blood tested for specific proteins. This can reveal if there's an increased risk of certain disorders, but it's not very accurate and produces a lot of false alarms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Less Invasive, But Beware of Limitations\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1311037\" href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1311037\" target=\"_blank\"> Studies\u003c/a> have shown that the new fetal DNA tests do a better job, says Norton. They're less likely to flag a normal pregnancy as high risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're much more accurate than current screening tests, but they are not diagnostic tests in the sense that amniocentesis is,\" says Norton, \"and so I think that has led to some confusion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the newer blood tests do look at fetal DNA, they can't give a definitive answer like an amniocentesis can because they're analyzing scraps of fetal DNA in the mother's blood that are all mixed up with her own DNA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Norton says when women get worrisome results from one of these new tests and are referred to her center, they sometimes don't understand why doctors are offering a follow-up amnio \"because they were under the impression that this was as good as an amnio.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is concerned that some people might end a pregnancy without getting confirmatory testing, and points to\u003ca title=\"http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378%2814%2900818-7/abstract\" href=\"http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378%2814%2900818-7/abstract\" target=\"_blank\"> one study \u003c/a>last year that found a small number of women did that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's at least some evidence that it's happening to a greater degree than I think many of us are comfortable with,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tests are being used more and more widely. Some worry that the companies' websites and marketing materials don't make the limitations clear enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dr. Lee Shulman doesn't see it that way. He's an obstetrician and geneticist at Northwestern University in Chicago who has consulted for a couple of the testing firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Patients need to understand that while this is better, it is not a diagnostic test, and I think the companies have done a great job in putting this material out,\" he says. \"Whether or not clinicians use this material and take it to heart and use it for patient counseling is a different story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the technology is so new that a lot of doctors have no experience with it, and consumers need to understand that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the patient, if the couple, are not getting the answers, not getting the information they feel comfortable with, they need to seek out prenatal diagnostic centers, maternal fetal specialists, clinical geneticists, who may have more experience,\" says Shulman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, here's one thing that might turn out to be a little more complicated than would-be parents might expect. Along with screening for the common chromosomal disorders, companies offer parents the chance to learn their baby's sex — weeks before it's clear on a sonogram.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many women are very excited by the idea that as part of their blood testing, they could find out pretty definitively if the baby is a boy or a girl,\" says Dr. Diana Bianchi, an expert on prenatal diagnostics at Tufts University School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they may not realize, she says, is that the test will also determine whether there's something abnormal about the sex chromosomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Approximately 1 in 700 pregnancies there's an extra X or extra Y,\" she says, noting that these are mild conditions that would normally go undetected, unless a woman had an invasive test like an amnio. Some babies with these conditions grow up into adulthood and never know they have them, unless they face a symptom like infertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Seitz, in Alabama, thought it was a bonus that getting this new blood test would tell her if she was having a boy or a girl. But it actually didn't do that, because of a paperwork glitch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The box for sex got unchecked somewhere along the way, so we weren't able to find it out from the test,\" says Seitz, who learned from an ultrasound that she was having a girl. The results she did get from the fetal DNA test were reassuring.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Answers to Five Common Measles Questions",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Amanda Stupi\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/21/state-measles-cases-now-at-59-expect-more-2/\" target=\"_blank\">outbreak of measles\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/gca?submit=Get+All+Checked+Abstracts&gca=pediatrics%3Bpeds.2014-2715v1\" target=\"_blank\">new report \u003c/a>that identified clusters of vaccine refusals in Northern California have become this week's hot topics. As such, KQED's daily talk show \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201501230900\" target=\"_blank\">Forum\u003c/a> devoted an hour to the outbreak, and opened up the phones to listeners' questions. The result: the sharing of some very good information. Here are answers to five common questions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Can people who have been vaccinated against the measles still get it? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the confirmed measles cases in California, at least five are people who were fully vaccinated. Experts aren't exactly sure why this is the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No vaccine is 100 percent effective,\" said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, chief of the division of infectious diseases at Lucille Packard Children's Hospital. The measles vaccine comes close -- it protects 99 out of 100 people, but that's \"one percent of a lot of people,\" she said.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. What are the symptoms of measles?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health care practitioners often refer to measles' symptoms as \"the three C's\": cough, coryza (runny nose) and conjunctivitis (red, watery eyes). High fever can also accompany these symptoms. After these symptoms are present, a rash appears on the face and spreads to the rest of the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given how common coughs and runny noses are, measles can be tough to tell apart from other infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The child looks ill,\" said Maldonado. \"Some children can have these symptoms and not feel super sick, but these children are definitely not feeling well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. How is measles spread? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is airborne in \"very, very small droplets,\" said Maldonado. How small? As small as 5 \u003ca href=\"http://www.ohiogt.com/pe/micron.html\" target=\"_blank\">microns\u003c/a>. These droplets can take as long as two hours to drop to the ground, meaning that a classroom or a doctor's exam room where an infected child visits can remain infectious for up to two hours after that child leaves the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with measles are infectious starting four days before the rash starts -- during the time when they have cough and runny nose, similar to a cold -- and continuing for four days after it appears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/187547647&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Should I get a booster shot just to be safe?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are an adult and you know you did not have the second dose of the vaccine, Maldonado suggests getting a booster. If you are not sure about your vaccination history, your doctor can do a blood test to check your immunity levels. But what's easier is to go ahead and get the booster. Even if it turns out to be an extra shot, it won't hurt you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people born before 1957 have probably had the disease and are immune to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erica Pan, with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acphd.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Alameda County of Public Health\u003c/a>, says that if you received your first vaccination shot between 1963 and 1967 you may want to talk to your doctor as there have been instances of \"breakthrough infections\" in adults who received their vaccines during that period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/measles/faqs-dis-vac-risks.htm\" target=\"_blank\">CDC\u003c/a> recommends children get the first of two measles vaccines between 12-15 months of age. What if my child is less than a year old? Can we still vaccinate her?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many countries with highter exposure rates children do get vaccinated as young as 3 to 6 months, but \"we know that the vaccine doesn't work that well at that age,\" Maldonaldo said. The optimal time for an immune response to the vaccine starts at 12 months of age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measles vaccine can be given to kids as young as six months if they will be travelling abroad or parents are concerned because of an outbreak. But because it is unclear how well the measles vaccine administered to young infants works over the long haul, Maldonado says that parents should follow up with the complete two dose vaccine after the child is 12 months old.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-e1422076915312.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-23614\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2015/01/495311669-640x456.jpg\" alt=\"A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"456\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A dose of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine, known commonly as MMR. (Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Amanda Stupi\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/01/21/state-measles-cases-now-at-59-expect-more-2/\" target=\"_blank\">outbreak of measles\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/gca?submit=Get+All+Checked+Abstracts&gca=pediatrics%3Bpeds.2014-2715v1\" target=\"_blank\">new report \u003c/a>that identified clusters of vaccine refusals in Northern California have become this week's hot topics. As such, KQED's daily talk show \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201501230900\" target=\"_blank\">Forum\u003c/a> devoted an hour to the outbreak, and opened up the phones to listeners' questions. The result: the sharing of some very good information. Here are answers to five common questions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Can people who have been vaccinated against the measles still get it? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the confirmed measles cases in California, at least five are people who were fully vaccinated. Experts aren't exactly sure why this is the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No vaccine is 100 percent effective,\" said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, chief of the division of infectious diseases at Lucille Packard Children's Hospital. The measles vaccine comes close -- it protects 99 out of 100 people, but that's \"one percent of a lot of people,\" she said.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. What are the symptoms of measles?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health care practitioners often refer to measles' symptoms as \"the three C's\": cough, coryza (runny nose) and conjunctivitis (red, watery eyes). High fever can also accompany these symptoms. After these symptoms are present, a rash appears on the face and spreads to the rest of the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given how common coughs and runny noses are, measles can be tough to tell apart from other infections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The child looks ill,\" said Maldonado. \"Some children can have these symptoms and not feel super sick, but these children are definitely not feeling well.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. How is measles spread? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is airborne in \"very, very small droplets,\" said Maldonado. How small? As small as 5 \u003ca href=\"http://www.ohiogt.com/pe/micron.html\" target=\"_blank\">microns\u003c/a>. These droplets can take as long as two hours to drop to the ground, meaning that a classroom or a doctor's exam room where an infected child visits can remain infectious for up to two hours after that child leaves the room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People with measles are infectious starting four days before the rash starts -- during the time when they have cough and runny nose, similar to a cold -- and continuing for four days after it appears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/187547647&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Should I get a booster shot just to be safe?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you are an adult and you know you did not have the second dose of the vaccine, Maldonado suggests getting a booster. If you are not sure about your vaccination history, your doctor can do a blood test to check your immunity levels. But what's easier is to go ahead and get the booster. Even if it turns out to be an extra shot, it won't hurt you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people born before 1957 have probably had the disease and are immune to it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erica Pan, with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.acphd.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Alameda County of Public Health\u003c/a>, says that if you received your first vaccination shot between 1963 and 1967 you may want to talk to your doctor as there have been instances of \"breakthrough infections\" in adults who received their vaccines during that period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd-vac/measles/faqs-dis-vac-risks.htm\" target=\"_blank\">CDC\u003c/a> recommends children get the first of two measles vaccines between 12-15 months of age. What if my child is less than a year old? Can we still vaccinate her?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In many countries with highter exposure rates children do get vaccinated as young as 3 to 6 months, but \"we know that the vaccine doesn't work that well at that age,\" Maldonaldo said. The optimal time for an immune response to the vaccine starts at 12 months of age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measles vaccine can be given to kids as young as six months if they will be travelling abroad or parents are concerned because of an outbreak. But because it is unclear how well the measles vaccine administered to young infants works over the long haul, Maldonado says that parents should follow up with the complete two dose vaccine after the child is 12 months old.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"here-and-now": {
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"order": 18
},
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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