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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14376\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/11368371@N00/5787777369/in/photolist-9PrSyZ-9Psb4K-9Pvr37-9Ps5Tn-9PrXv4-9Pvgtj-9PuPt9-9Pvspo-9Ps2vZ-9PrPen-9PuN3j-9PrWfT-9PrS9x-9PuQfb-9PuNLw-9Pvqp1-9PvsRW-9PvnRE-9PvuDs-9PuSAb-9Pvmzo-9PsEXB-9Pv49E-9PsdxF-9PuSkh-9PvvxU-9Pvk7s-9Pvoi7-9PrMUr-9PsBqV-9Psfmr-9PvtNJ-9PuXA9-9PrNyx-9Pvp9f-9PsAcZ-9PvvUf-9PuPYo-9PrMiD-9PsExP-9PrTZR-9PvpWs-9Pvqyw-9PrM5e-9PuFT7-bWeJ31-8PHZ4D-8PHZyD-8PHXNz-8PM2oj-8PMaEh\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-14376 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z.jpg\" alt=\"(bedlamonbalticavenue/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">With high school sports starting up as summer winds down, new guidelines are designed to keep student athletes safe. (bedlamonbalticavenue/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Deborah Franklin,\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/08/14/212067372/a-safety-checklist-to-save-teen-athletes-lives\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For all the benefits of exercise and teamwork to the heart and head, high school athletes still lead the nation in athletics-related deaths. And it doesn't have to be that way, sports medicine specialists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many student deaths from head and neck injuries, heat stroke, sudden heart trouble and exertion-related sickle cell crises can be prevented, according to a scrum of leading sports doctors, athletic trainers, research physiologists and high school administrators who have endorsed a detailed set of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nata.org/sites/default/files/preventing-sudden-death.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">guidelines\u003c/a> for keeping high school athletes safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Give student athletes several days to acclimatize at the start of every season.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The idea was to create something that schools could almost use as a checklist,\" says Douglas Casa, who helped shape the consensus guidelines published in the August issue of the \u003cem>Journal of Athletic Training\u003c/em>. Casa, who led a similar effort to produce conditioning \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3396308/\">guidelines for college athletes\u003c/a> in 2012, is a sports physiologist at the University of Connecticut in Storrs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the key recommendations for high schools follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Have a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nata.org/node/645\">certified athletic trainer\u003c/a> available during games and practices.\u003c/strong> Roughly a third of public high schools and many private ones don't do that, Casa tells Shots, and it's a problem during emergencies. \"It's unbelievable,\" he says, \"that some of the same schools that insist on having a school nurse on hand to handle emergencies from 8 to 2 don't have a medical professional onsite to make key decisions after school when students are exerting themselves in the heat or under other extreme conditions.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Have an \u003ca href=\"http://www.redcross.org/prepare/location/workplace/easy-as-aed\">AED\u003c/a> (automated external defibrillator) within easy reach\u003c/strong> during practices and games to jump-start a heart that suddenly fails. \"Cardiac problems are becoming much more survivable, but the AED has to be out on the field with the athletic trainer and on the kid's chest within a minute after the heart stops to save a life,\" says. Running inside the school to pull the device from the hallway case isn't fast enough, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Have water freely available at all times, and give student athletes a tightly structured, several-day acclimatization period at the start of every season\u003c/strong> — especially in summer — with shorter, less intense practices that will help their bodies adjust to the big shifts in heat and exertion of a full game or regular practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Cool the victim of a heat stroke immediately, even before transport to the hospital.\u003c/strong>\"You've got to get their body temperature down to under 104 degrees within 30 minutes of collapse if you want to save somebody's life,\" Casa says. The guidelines recommend\u003ca href=\"http://ksi.uconn.edu/ksi/assets/File/CWI%20cooling%20guidelines.pdf\">immersion in ice cold water\u003c/a>. \"Every high school has ice and water, and the tank costs $150,\" Casa says. \"It's worth it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Recommend that all players, especially any \"performing intense physical activity,\" check with their doctor to see if they carry the sickle cell trait.\u003c/strong> All newborns in the U.S. these days are screened for the sickle cell gene, so the player's pediatrician may have the results on file. (Note that people with sickle cell disease inherit two copies of the gene responsible for the illness; those with one copy of the gene are said to have the sickle cell trait — a condition that is usually benign. Rarely, though, according to the American Society of Hematology, \"extreme conditions such as severe dehydration and high-intensity physical activity,\" can prompt serious health issues, including sudden death.) Casa's guidelines stop short of suggesting mandatory screening of all athletes for \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/traits.html\" target=\"_blank\">the trait\u003c/a>. The NCAA requires college athletes who want to play at the Division I or Division II level to have the test or sign a written release. As Shots \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/01/26/145923225/blood-doctors-call-foul-on-ncaas-screening-for-sickle-cell\" target=\"_blank\">described in a post\u003c/a> last year, the NCAA's mandatory testing of athletes for the sickle cell trait is controversial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casa says it's important to alert anyone overseeing athletic activity that shortness of breath, muscle pain or cramping, low back pain and difficulty recovering from exercise could be signaling the rare but serious \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3627196\">exertional sickling crisis\u003c/a> (particularly at high altitudes, or during heat waves, or during the sport season's first days of heavy exertion). High schools that carefully follow the rules regarding hydration and gradual acclimatization can greatly minimize the chances of the problem developing, Casa says. \"No one who has the sickle cell trait should be denied participation in any sport,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "For all the benefits of exercise and teamwork to the heart and head, high school athletes still lead the nation in athletics-related deaths. And it doesn't have to be that way, sports medicine specialists say.\r\n\r\nMany student deaths from head and neck injuries, heat stroke, sudden heart trouble and exertion-related sickle cell crises can be prevented, according to a scrum of leading sports doctors, athletic trainers, research physiologists and high school administrators who have endorsed a detailed set of guidelines for keeping high school athletes safe.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14376\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/11368371@N00/5787777369/in/photolist-9PrSyZ-9Psb4K-9Pvr37-9Ps5Tn-9PrXv4-9Pvgtj-9PuPt9-9Pvspo-9Ps2vZ-9PrPen-9PuN3j-9PrWfT-9PrS9x-9PuQfb-9PuNLw-9Pvqp1-9PvsRW-9PvnRE-9PvuDs-9PuSAb-9Pvmzo-9PsEXB-9Pv49E-9PsdxF-9PuSkh-9PvvxU-9Pvk7s-9Pvoi7-9PrMUr-9PsBqV-9Psfmr-9PvtNJ-9PuXA9-9PrNyx-9Pvp9f-9PsAcZ-9PvvUf-9PuPYo-9PrMiD-9PsExP-9PrTZR-9PvpWs-9Pvqyw-9PrM5e-9PuFT7-bWeJ31-8PHZ4D-8PHZyD-8PHXNz-8PM2oj-8PMaEh\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-14376 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z.jpg\" alt=\"(bedlamonbalticavenue/Flickr)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/5787777369_35a609b41f_z-320x240.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">With high school sports starting up as summer winds down, new guidelines are designed to keep student athletes safe. (bedlamonbalticavenue/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Deborah Franklin,\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/08/14/212067372/a-safety-checklist-to-save-teen-athletes-lives\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For all the benefits of exercise and teamwork to the heart and head, high school athletes still lead the nation in athletics-related deaths. And it doesn't have to be that way, sports medicine specialists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many student deaths from head and neck injuries, heat stroke, sudden heart trouble and exertion-related sickle cell crises can be prevented, according to a scrum of leading sports doctors, athletic trainers, research physiologists and high school administrators who have endorsed a detailed set of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nata.org/sites/default/files/preventing-sudden-death.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">guidelines\u003c/a> for keeping high school athletes safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Give student athletes several days to acclimatize at the start of every season.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The idea was to create something that schools could almost use as a checklist,\" says Douglas Casa, who helped shape the consensus guidelines published in the August issue of the \u003cem>Journal of Athletic Training\u003c/em>. Casa, who led a similar effort to produce conditioning \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3396308/\">guidelines for college athletes\u003c/a> in 2012, is a sports physiologist at the University of Connecticut in Storrs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the key recommendations for high schools follow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Have a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nata.org/node/645\">certified athletic trainer\u003c/a> available during games and practices.\u003c/strong> Roughly a third of public high schools and many private ones don't do that, Casa tells Shots, and it's a problem during emergencies. \"It's unbelievable,\" he says, \"that some of the same schools that insist on having a school nurse on hand to handle emergencies from 8 to 2 don't have a medical professional onsite to make key decisions after school when students are exerting themselves in the heat or under other extreme conditions.\"\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Have an \u003ca href=\"http://www.redcross.org/prepare/location/workplace/easy-as-aed\">AED\u003c/a> (automated external defibrillator) within easy reach\u003c/strong> during practices and games to jump-start a heart that suddenly fails. \"Cardiac problems are becoming much more survivable, but the AED has to be out on the field with the athletic trainer and on the kid's chest within a minute after the heart stops to save a life,\" says. Running inside the school to pull the device from the hallway case isn't fast enough, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Have water freely available at all times, and give student athletes a tightly structured, several-day acclimatization period at the start of every season\u003c/strong> — especially in summer — with shorter, less intense practices that will help their bodies adjust to the big shifts in heat and exertion of a full game or regular practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>4. Cool the victim of a heat stroke immediately, even before transport to the hospital.\u003c/strong>\"You've got to get their body temperature down to under 104 degrees within 30 minutes of collapse if you want to save somebody's life,\" Casa says. The guidelines recommend\u003ca href=\"http://ksi.uconn.edu/ksi/assets/File/CWI%20cooling%20guidelines.pdf\">immersion in ice cold water\u003c/a>. \"Every high school has ice and water, and the tank costs $150,\" Casa says. \"It's worth it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Recommend that all players, especially any \"performing intense physical activity,\" check with their doctor to see if they carry the sickle cell trait.\u003c/strong> All newborns in the U.S. these days are screened for the sickle cell gene, so the player's pediatrician may have the results on file. (Note that people with sickle cell disease inherit two copies of the gene responsible for the illness; those with one copy of the gene are said to have the sickle cell trait — a condition that is usually benign. Rarely, though, according to the American Society of Hematology, \"extreme conditions such as severe dehydration and high-intensity physical activity,\" can prompt serious health issues, including sudden death.) Casa's guidelines stop short of suggesting mandatory screening of all athletes for \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/sicklecell/traits.html\" target=\"_blank\">the trait\u003c/a>. The NCAA requires college athletes who want to play at the Division I or Division II level to have the test or sign a written release. As Shots \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/01/26/145923225/blood-doctors-call-foul-on-ncaas-screening-for-sickle-cell\" target=\"_blank\">described in a post\u003c/a> last year, the NCAA's mandatory testing of athletes for the sickle cell trait is controversial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casa says it's important to alert anyone overseeing athletic activity that shortness of breath, muscle pain or cramping, low back pain and difficulty recovering from exercise could be signaling the rare but serious \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3627196\">exertional sickling crisis\u003c/a> (particularly at high altitudes, or during heat waves, or during the sport season's first days of heavy exertion). High schools that carefully follow the rules regarding hydration and gradual acclimatization can greatly minimize the chances of the problem developing, Casa says. \"No one who has the sickle cell trait should be denied participation in any sport,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Sleep Deprivation Makes You Crave Junk Food",
"title": "Why Sleep Deprivation Makes You Crave Junk Food",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14168\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-14168 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/croppedburger-640x498.jpg\" alt=\"People who are sleep deprived had changes in the brain that led them to crave high-calorie foods, study suggests. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"498\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People who are sleep deprived had changes in the brain that led them to crave high-calorie foods, study suggests. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Science has been pretty strong on connecting sleep deprivation to weight gain. Now a new study from UC Berkeley shows one reason might lie in the brain and how it is affected by sleep deprivation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2013/130806/ncomms3259/full/ncomms3259.html\" target=\"_blank\">the study\u003c/a> was small -- 23 people -- it's certainly intriguing. The recruits were monitored for two individual nights, a week apart. On one night, they got a normal night's sleep (they slept 8.2 hours on average). On the other night, they were not allowed to sleep at all. After they had not slept, the study participants showed a much stronger preference for high-calorie foods, such as pizza and doughnuts, over more healthful choices like strawberries and carrots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, researchers, led by Matthew Walker, a UC Berkeley psychology professor, measured areas of the brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The preference for high-calorie foods among the sleep-deprived matched with greater activity in an area of the brain called the amygdala, which the authors say has been \"strongly implicated in governing the motivation to eat.\" At the same time, those who were sleep-deprived had \"significantly reduced activity\" in three areas of the brain that have to deal with decision-making.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, it's a double whammy: The sleep-deprived subjects wanted higher-calorie foods and had impaired rational decision-making to overcome those urges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This combination of altered brain activity and decision-making may help explain why people who sleep less also tend to be overweight or obese,\" said Walker in a release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, published Tuesday in the journal Nature Communications, researchers measured the desire for junk food by showing participants pictures of foods and having them rank their desire for each of the 80 foods they were shown. The difference in total calories of foods wanted in the sleep-deprived state vs. the rested state was about 600 calories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you're thinking those poor souls who had to stay up all night were probably hungrier, the researchers accounted for that, too. First, those who stayed up all night got a snack, intended to offset the amount of energy they would need to stay awake. In case you're curious, the snack consisted of: Goldfish crackers, Fig Newtons, Ritz peanut butter crackers and an apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps more importantly, the participants were asked to rate their hunger, and there was no difference between the two sessions, \"suggesting that the condition of sleep loss, rather than metabolic need or hunger, acts as a primary factor influencing the observed changes,\" the authors write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as they say in science, more research is needed. Walker and his colleagues point to areas for further investigation. First, instead of showing subjects pictures of food, study participants could be allowed to eat what they want to see if high-calorie food would \"normalize the observed brain responses under sleep deprivation,\" they write. In addition, the 23 subjects in this study were young, healthy and lean. \"An important future challenge will be to examine whether similar alterations caused by sleep deprivation are expressed across a broader age and body mass range.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Science has been pretty strong on connecting sleep deprivation to weight gain. Now a new study from UC Berkeley shows one reason might lie in the brain and how it is affected by sleep deprivation.\r\n\r\nWhile the study was small -- 23 people -- it's certainly intriguing. The recruits were monitored for two individual nights, a week apart. On one night, they get a normal night's sleep (they slept 8.2 hours on average). ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14168\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-14168 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/croppedburger-640x498.jpg\" alt=\"People who are sleep deprived had changes in the brain that led them to crave high-calorie foods, study suggests. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"498\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People who are sleep deprived had changes in the brain that led them to crave high-calorie foods, study suggests. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Science has been pretty strong on connecting sleep deprivation to weight gain. Now a new study from UC Berkeley shows one reason might lie in the brain and how it is affected by sleep deprivation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2013/130806/ncomms3259/full/ncomms3259.html\" target=\"_blank\">the study\u003c/a> was small -- 23 people -- it's certainly intriguing. The recruits were monitored for two individual nights, a week apart. On one night, they got a normal night's sleep (they slept 8.2 hours on average). On the other night, they were not allowed to sleep at all. After they had not slept, the study participants showed a much stronger preference for high-calorie foods, such as pizza and doughnuts, over more healthful choices like strawberries and carrots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, researchers, led by Matthew Walker, a UC Berkeley psychology professor, measured areas of the brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging. The preference for high-calorie foods among the sleep-deprived matched with greater activity in an area of the brain called the amygdala, which the authors say has been \"strongly implicated in governing the motivation to eat.\" At the same time, those who were sleep-deprived had \"significantly reduced activity\" in three areas of the brain that have to deal with decision-making.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, it's a double whammy: The sleep-deprived subjects wanted higher-calorie foods and had impaired rational decision-making to overcome those urges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This combination of altered brain activity and decision-making may help explain why people who sleep less also tend to be overweight or obese,\" said Walker in a release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, published Tuesday in the journal Nature Communications, researchers measured the desire for junk food by showing participants pictures of foods and having them rank their desire for each of the 80 foods they were shown. The difference in total calories of foods wanted in the sleep-deprived state vs. the rested state was about 600 calories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you're thinking those poor souls who had to stay up all night were probably hungrier, the researchers accounted for that, too. First, those who stayed up all night got a snack, intended to offset the amount of energy they would need to stay awake. In case you're curious, the snack consisted of: Goldfish crackers, Fig Newtons, Ritz peanut butter crackers and an apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps more importantly, the participants were asked to rate their hunger, and there was no difference between the two sessions, \"suggesting that the condition of sleep loss, rather than metabolic need or hunger, acts as a primary factor influencing the observed changes,\" the authors write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, as they say in science, more research is needed. Walker and his colleagues point to areas for further investigation. First, instead of showing subjects pictures of food, study participants could be allowed to eat what they want to see if high-calorie food would \"normalize the observed brain responses under sleep deprivation,\" they write. In addition, the 23 subjects in this study were young, healthy and lean. \"An important future challenge will be to examine whether similar alterations caused by sleep deprivation are expressed across a broader age and body mass range.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14140\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/30974104@N00/1430326746/in/photolist-3boNiY-8pAmUN-5LJ7Ea-6sgAAa-57h9rt-y6Axn-bmg4i8\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-14140 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/koolaid-620x496.jpg\" alt=\"The pre-schoolers weren’t necessarily drinking soda. Kool-Aid also is a sugar-sweetened beverage. (Dimmerswitch/Flickr)\" width=\"620\" height=\"496\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The pre-schoolers weren’t necessarily drinking soda. Kool-Aid also is a sugar-sweetened beverage. (Dimmerswitch/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Adults have been studied; \u003ca href=\"http://www.pediatricsdigest.mobi/content/117/3/673.full\" target=\"_blank\">teens\u003c/a> have been studied; other \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1203034\" target=\"_blank\">school-age children \u003c/a>have been studied. And the evidence shows pretty conclusively that sugar-sweetened beverages are linked to increased risk of obesity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one group has not been studied so much: pre-school aged kids. In a \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/31/peds.2013-0570d.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">major new study\u003c/a> released today in the journal Pediatrics, researchers found that, yes, sugar-sweetened beverages also put such very young children at greater risk for obesity.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">About one in 10 children drank one or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages daily.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Specifically, researchers followed 9,600 children (in other words, a really big sample) from birth to age 5. It's this kind of \"longitudinal\" approach that gives this study a great deal of research power. \"We were more interested in looking at children over a period of time,\" said lead author Mark DeBoer, in the department of pediatrics at the University of Virginia. He says they wanted to see whether those children who drank sugary drinks were more likely to gain an unhealthy amount of weight over those who didn't.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At ages 2, 4, and 5, parents of the children were interviewed in their home and asked about consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages -- defined as \"soda pop (for example, Coke, Pepsi or Mountain Dew), sports drinks (for example, Gatorade) or fruit drinks that are not 100% fruit juice (for example, Kool-Aid, Sunny Delight, Hi-C, Fruitopia, or Fruitworks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About one in ten of these 9,600 children drank one or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages daily. Those children \"were more likely to gain weight between 2 and 4 years of age than those who didn't,\" says DeBoer. \"They were more likely to become obese over that time frame.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, as time went on, the worse it got. By the time the kids hit age 5, \"those who consistently drank sugar-sweetened beverages were the heaviest group,\" DeBoer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the researchers adjusted for variables including socioeconomic status, race, television viewing habits and more, they still found a \"clear linear relationship\" between the amount of sugary drinks consumed and the \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.noo.org.uk/uploads/doc/vid_11601_A_simple_guide_to_classifying_BMI_in_children.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">BMI z score\u003c/a>,\" a special body mass index to assess weight in children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, children who regularly drink sugar-sweetened beverages consumer 17 to 20 percent more calories. \"We also found it notable,\" the authors write, \"that children drinking > SSB serving daily were more likely than infrequent/nondrinkers to watch >2 hours of television daily.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors advise parents to give children only calorie-free drinks and milk to drink to help avoid excess weight gain. In an \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/31/peds.2013-1799.extract\" target=\"_blank\">accompanying editorial\u003c/a>, researchers from UC San Francisco and UC Berkeley call for policy changes to cut down on sugar-sweetened beverages in young children.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They note that more than 80 percent of U.S. school districts have policies prohibiting or limiting students' access to these drinks, there are few similar policies for pre-schools or childcare facilities. California, however, is a leader in this regard. In 2010, the California legislature passed \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/asm/ab_2051-2100/ab_2084_bill_20100930_chaptered.html\" target=\"_blank\">AB 2084\u003c/a> which requires child care facilities to make water available during the day and prohibits serving drinks with added sugar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are some of the most \"stringent regulations\" for child care facilities right now, UCSF's Anisha Patel noted, putting the issue on the national agenda. \"Hopefully it will spread across the country,\" she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patel and co-author Lorrene Ritchie also make a case for adding limits on sugar-sweetened beverages in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://www.choosemyplate.gov/dietary-guidelines.html\" target=\"_blank\">dietary guidelines\u003c/a>. \"Provide concrete messages (i.e., limit your child's sugar drinks to no more than once a week) to help families\" clearly understand the message, they say. They also believe the federal guidelines should \"promote water as the first beverage of choice for thirst.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14140\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/30974104@N00/1430326746/in/photolist-3boNiY-8pAmUN-5LJ7Ea-6sgAAa-57h9rt-y6Axn-bmg4i8\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-14140 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/koolaid-620x496.jpg\" alt=\"The pre-schoolers weren’t necessarily drinking soda. Kool-Aid also is a sugar-sweetened beverage. (Dimmerswitch/Flickr)\" width=\"620\" height=\"496\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The pre-schoolers weren’t necessarily drinking soda. Kool-Aid also is a sugar-sweetened beverage. (Dimmerswitch/Flickr)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Adults have been studied; \u003ca href=\"http://www.pediatricsdigest.mobi/content/117/3/673.full\" target=\"_blank\">teens\u003c/a> have been studied; other \u003ca href=\"http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1203034\" target=\"_blank\">school-age children \u003c/a>have been studied. And the evidence shows pretty conclusively that sugar-sweetened beverages are linked to increased risk of obesity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But one group has not been studied so much: pre-school aged kids. In a \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/31/peds.2013-0570d.abstract\" target=\"_blank\">major new study\u003c/a> released today in the journal Pediatrics, researchers found that, yes, sugar-sweetened beverages also put such very young children at greater risk for obesity.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">About one in 10 children drank one or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages daily.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Specifically, researchers followed 9,600 children (in other words, a really big sample) from birth to age 5. It's this kind of \"longitudinal\" approach that gives this study a great deal of research power. \"We were more interested in looking at children over a period of time,\" said lead author Mark DeBoer, in the department of pediatrics at the University of Virginia. He says they wanted to see whether those children who drank sugary drinks were more likely to gain an unhealthy amount of weight over those who didn't.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At ages 2, 4, and 5, parents of the children were interviewed in their home and asked about consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages -- defined as \"soda pop (for example, Coke, Pepsi or Mountain Dew), sports drinks (for example, Gatorade) or fruit drinks that are not 100% fruit juice (for example, Kool-Aid, Sunny Delight, Hi-C, Fruitopia, or Fruitworks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About one in ten of these 9,600 children drank one or more servings of sugar-sweetened beverages daily. Those children \"were more likely to gain weight between 2 and 4 years of age than those who didn't,\" says DeBoer. \"They were more likely to become obese over that time frame.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not surprisingly, as time went on, the worse it got. By the time the kids hit age 5, \"those who consistently drank sugar-sweetened beverages were the heaviest group,\" DeBoer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the researchers adjusted for variables including socioeconomic status, race, television viewing habits and more, they still found a \"clear linear relationship\" between the amount of sugary drinks consumed and the \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.noo.org.uk/uploads/doc/vid_11601_A_simple_guide_to_classifying_BMI_in_children.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">BMI z score\u003c/a>,\" a special body mass index to assess weight in children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, children who regularly drink sugar-sweetened beverages consumer 17 to 20 percent more calories. \"We also found it notable,\" the authors write, \"that children drinking > SSB serving daily were more likely than infrequent/nondrinkers to watch >2 hours of television daily.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors advise parents to give children only calorie-free drinks and milk to drink to help avoid excess weight gain. In an \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/31/peds.2013-1799.extract\" target=\"_blank\">accompanying editorial\u003c/a>, researchers from UC San Francisco and UC Berkeley call for policy changes to cut down on sugar-sweetened beverages in young children.'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They note that more than 80 percent of U.S. school districts have policies prohibiting or limiting students' access to these drinks, there are few similar policies for pre-schools or childcare facilities. California, however, is a leader in this regard. In 2010, the California legislature passed \u003ca href=\"http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/09-10/bill/asm/ab_2051-2100/ab_2084_bill_20100930_chaptered.html\" target=\"_blank\">AB 2084\u003c/a> which requires child care facilities to make water available during the day and prohibits serving drinks with added sugar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are some of the most \"stringent regulations\" for child care facilities right now, UCSF's Anisha Patel noted, putting the issue on the national agenda. \"Hopefully it will spread across the country,\" she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patel and co-author Lorrene Ritchie also make a case for adding limits on sugar-sweetened beverages in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"http://www.choosemyplate.gov/dietary-guidelines.html\" target=\"_blank\">dietary guidelines\u003c/a>. \"Provide concrete messages (i.e., limit your child's sugar drinks to no more than once a week) to help families\" clearly understand the message, they say. They also believe the federal guidelines should \"promote water as the first beverage of choice for thirst.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-14016\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/78744816-620x412.jpg\" alt=\"California has 2nd highest rate of breast-feeding in the country. (Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"412\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California has 2nd highest rate of breast-feeding in the country. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the country, nearly 77 percent of mothers are breast-feeding their newborns, and nearly half are still at it when babies are six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/pdf/2013BreastfeedingReportCard.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">numbers\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control were collected in 2010, and they reflect an increase in breast-feeding since 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California moms are doing even better. More than 90 percent of mothers in the state have \"ever breast-fed\" their babies and 71 percent are still nursing at 6 months. (We're #2 to Idaho which just nudged California moms out on the stats.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breast-feeding has health benefits to babies, says Dr. Tom Frieden, CDC director, including lower risks of ear and gastrointestinal infections, diabetes and obesity. Plus mothers who breast-feed can reduce their own risk of breast and ovarian cancers.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Academy of Pediatrics\u003ca href=\"http://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/pages/AAP-Reaffirms-Breastfeeding-Guidelines.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token&nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token\" target=\"_blank\"> recommends\u003c/a> exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months of a baby's life, when solid foods are introduced. The AAP says that moms should continue to complement the solid foods with breast-feeding until the baby is one year old. The World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/breastfeeding/en/\" target=\"_blank\">recommends\u003c/a> breast-feeding up to two years of age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals are critical settings for supporting moms in breast-feeding. Newborns who \"room-in\" with their mothers and have skin-to-skin contact (the newborn is placed directly on a mother's chest after birth) have a better chs a nce of latching on and successfully breast-feeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, too, California has strong policies to support these practices. Nearly 80 percent of hospitals in the state ensure that virtually all newborns have skin-to-skin contact with their mothers and about 72 percent of hospitals have rooming-in for babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another indicator the CDC measures is whether infants are offered formula before two days of age. If a breast-feeding baby is offered supplemental formula, it can sabotage the baby's continued success in breast-feeding. Nationally, about 24 percent of breast-fed babies were given formula before they were two days old. In California, the rate was just under 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, California also has \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiabreastfeeding.org/Laws.html\" target=\"_blank\">regulations\u003c/a> to support breast-feeding at work or school.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Nearly 77 percent of mothers are breast-feeding their newborns and nearly half are still at it when babies are six months.\r\n\r\nThose are national numbers from the Centers for Disease Control collected in 2010, and they reflect an increase in breast-feeding since 2000.\r\n\r\nCalifornia moms are doing even better. More than 90 percent of mothers in the state have \"ever breastfed\" their babies",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_14016\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-14016\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/08/78744816-620x412.jpg\" alt=\"California has 2nd highest rate of breast-feeding in the country. (Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"412\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California has 2nd highest rate of breast-feeding in the country. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Across the country, nearly 77 percent of mothers are breast-feeding their newborns, and nearly half are still at it when babies are six months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/pdf/2013BreastfeedingReportCard.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">numbers\u003c/a> from the Centers for Disease Control were collected in 2010, and they reflect an increase in breast-feeding since 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California moms are doing even better. More than 90 percent of mothers in the state have \"ever breast-fed\" their babies and 71 percent are still nursing at 6 months. (We're #2 to Idaho which just nudged California moms out on the stats.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breast-feeding has health benefits to babies, says Dr. Tom Frieden, CDC director, including lower risks of ear and gastrointestinal infections, diabetes and obesity. Plus mothers who breast-feed can reduce their own risk of breast and ovarian cancers.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The American Academy of Pediatrics\u003ca href=\"http://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/pages/AAP-Reaffirms-Breastfeeding-Guidelines.aspx?nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token&nfstatus=401&nftoken=00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000&nfstatusdescription=ERROR%3a+No+local+token\" target=\"_blank\"> recommends\u003c/a> exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months of a baby's life, when solid foods are introduced. The AAP says that moms should continue to complement the solid foods with breast-feeding until the baby is one year old. The World Health Organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/breastfeeding/en/\" target=\"_blank\">recommends\u003c/a> breast-feeding up to two years of age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hospitals are critical settings for supporting moms in breast-feeding. Newborns who \"room-in\" with their mothers and have skin-to-skin contact (the newborn is placed directly on a mother's chest after birth) have a better chs a nce of latching on and successfully breast-feeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, too, California has strong policies to support these practices. Nearly 80 percent of hospitals in the state ensure that virtually all newborns have skin-to-skin contact with their mothers and about 72 percent of hospitals have rooming-in for babies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another indicator the CDC measures is whether infants are offered formula before two days of age. If a breast-feeding baby is offered supplemental formula, it can sabotage the baby's continued success in breast-feeding. Nationally, about 24 percent of breast-fed babies were given formula before they were two days old. In California, the rate was just under 17 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, California also has \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiabreastfeeding.org/Laws.html\" target=\"_blank\">regulations\u003c/a> to support breast-feeding at work or school.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Why Mosquitoes Love Us and How We Can Fight Back",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13885 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/96977928-620x415.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"415\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mosquitoes are especially attracted to pregnant women and people drinking alcohol. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The state \u003ca href=\"http://westnile.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\">has confirmed\u003c/a> the second West Nile virus case this year, and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-west-nile-20130725,0,3491766.post\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles Times \u003c/a>reports that county officials say two adults are hospitalized there with the virus as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every summer, West Nile moves across California, spread by mosquitoes. The insects pick up the virus when they feed on infected birds -- then spread West Nile to humans when they munch on us.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"They will fly towards carbon dioxide, and so in a lot of cases in the backyard that's you and me.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Avoiding mosquito bites is ideal for lots of reasons besides West Nile. What repellents are best? And why do mosquitoes seem to prefer some people over others? NPR's Shots blog posed those questions and more to Dr. Roger Nasci, chief of the branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that tracks insect-borne viruses. Here's the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/07/25/205526533/why-mosquitoes-love-me-and-other-mysteries-revealed\" target=\"_blank\">Shots Q&A\u003c/a>:\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> So why is it that backyard mosquitoes swarm and feast on some people, while others seem to be less palatable to them? Is there any truth to the claim that some blood is sweeter?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> Well, first off, let's remember that here in the U.S. we have 175 species of mosquitoes, and a relatively small number of them feed on people. But they'll feed on anything that has blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mosquitoes that feed on people are attracted to over 300 gases and other compounds emitted by human skin. And what's attractive for one mosquito species might not be attractive to another. The most well-known compound is carbon dioxide. They can detect that fairly far away, from about 35 to 40 feet. They will fly towards carbon dioxide, and so in a lot of cases in the backyard that's you and me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other compounds various mosquitoes like are lactic acid and water. So it can be the composition of the sweat you exude that makes you more attractive, but the research doesn't show that hygiene really has anything to do with it. We also know that pregnant women are a little more attractive, as are people drinking alcohol. But it's really a very complex set of cues that mosquitoes use, so it's hard to make gross generalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Sounds like that would make coming up with repellents very complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> Yes, it does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Has mosquito repellent been getting stronger over time?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> No, we have had \u003ca href=\"http://www.rei.com/product/799528/sawyer-jungle-juice-100-pump-spray-insect-repellent-98-percent-deet-2-fl-oz\">Jungle Juice\u003c/a> – that stuff that's 90 to 100 percent DEET – for a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> So what trends are you seeing around repellents?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> We're seeing a real proliferation of new registered products that have different chemicals, and are giving consumers more choices. We've also seen significant advances in formulation chemistry – meaning how the active ingredients are packaged with other compounds. One innovation is time release, so low concentrations of DEET or other active ingredients that can provide long-lasting protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the Department of Defense now sends soldiers out into the field with time-release DEET and uniforms treated with \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/permethrin_fs.htm\" target=\"_blank\">permethrin\u003c/a>. There are actually a lot of treated clothing products available these days – the permethrin lasts even after several washings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Do you have any concerns about the repellents we use today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> There are two concerns I have about repellents. One is that there are products coming onto the marketplace that have not been demonstrated as effective. The products we recommend on \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/faq/repellent.html\" target=\"_blank\">our website\u003c/a> are DEET, picaridin, IR3535 and some oil of lemon eucalyptus and para-menthane-diol products. There is a body of scientific literature showing these products to be effective. And they're \u003ca href=\"http://cfpub.epa.gov/oppref/insect/\">registered with the Environmental Protection Agency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other trend that concerns me is people don't use repellents – they're underutilized, especially in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/07/16/202749179/a-warm-winter-helped-fuel-west-nile-outbreak-in-dallas\" target=\"_blank\">outbreaks of mosquito-borne illnesses like West Nile virus\u003c/a>. Even when these outbreaks are publicized, we have not been successful at getting more people to use repellents effectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Is there any evidence of mosquitoes becoming resistant to DEET or other products?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> No, we're not seeing any evidence that mosquitoes are ignoring the repellents. The reason is that humans don't provide the primary blood source for mosquitoes — they mostly feed on animals, like birds. So we're not selecting for the behavior that would lead to resistance. DEET is still the gold standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q\u003c/strong>: Does it matter whether your repellent is 5 percent or 30 percent DEET?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> The amount of DEET can affect how long it lasts. But the research suggests that once you get about 50 percent DEET it's not going to make a lot of difference. The variable is how much you are putting on your skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> So how do you protect yourself from mosquitoes? Or, given that you're an expert on mosquito-borne diseases, do you just prefer to stay inside?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> When I'm going camping and hiking in the Colorado mountains — and we actually can have a lot of mosquitoes up there — I am using a topical repellent for my skin and wearing treated clothing. With those two, you get optimum protection.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13885 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/96977928-620x415.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"415\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mosquitoes are especially attracted to pregnant women and people drinking alcohol. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The state \u003ca href=\"http://westnile.ca.gov\" target=\"_blank\">has confirmed\u003c/a> the second West Nile virus case this year, and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-west-nile-20130725,0,3491766.post\" target=\"_blank\">Los Angeles Times \u003c/a>reports that county officials say two adults are hospitalized there with the virus as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every summer, West Nile moves across California, spread by mosquitoes. The insects pick up the virus when they feed on infected birds -- then spread West Nile to humans when they munch on us.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"They will fly towards carbon dioxide, and so in a lot of cases in the backyard that's you and me.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Avoiding mosquito bites is ideal for lots of reasons besides West Nile. What repellents are best? And why do mosquitoes seem to prefer some people over others? NPR's Shots blog posed those questions and more to Dr. Roger Nasci, chief of the branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention that tracks insect-borne viruses. Here's the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/07/25/205526533/why-mosquitoes-love-me-and-other-mysteries-revealed\" target=\"_blank\">Shots Q&A\u003c/a>:\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> So why is it that backyard mosquitoes swarm and feast on some people, while others seem to be less palatable to them? Is there any truth to the claim that some blood is sweeter?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> Well, first off, let's remember that here in the U.S. we have 175 species of mosquitoes, and a relatively small number of them feed on people. But they'll feed on anything that has blood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mosquitoes that feed on people are attracted to over 300 gases and other compounds emitted by human skin. And what's attractive for one mosquito species might not be attractive to another. The most well-known compound is carbon dioxide. They can detect that fairly far away, from about 35 to 40 feet. They will fly towards carbon dioxide, and so in a lot of cases in the backyard that's you and me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other compounds various mosquitoes like are lactic acid and water. So it can be the composition of the sweat you exude that makes you more attractive, but the research doesn't show that hygiene really has anything to do with it. We also know that pregnant women are a little more attractive, as are people drinking alcohol. But it's really a very complex set of cues that mosquitoes use, so it's hard to make gross generalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Sounds like that would make coming up with repellents very complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> Yes, it does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Has mosquito repellent been getting stronger over time?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> No, we have had \u003ca href=\"http://www.rei.com/product/799528/sawyer-jungle-juice-100-pump-spray-insect-repellent-98-percent-deet-2-fl-oz\">Jungle Juice\u003c/a> – that stuff that's 90 to 100 percent DEET – for a long time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> So what trends are you seeing around repellents?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> We're seeing a real proliferation of new registered products that have different chemicals, and are giving consumers more choices. We've also seen significant advances in formulation chemistry – meaning how the active ingredients are packaged with other compounds. One innovation is time release, so low concentrations of DEET or other active ingredients that can provide long-lasting protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, the Department of Defense now sends soldiers out into the field with time-release DEET and uniforms treated with \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/permethrin_fs.htm\" target=\"_blank\">permethrin\u003c/a>. There are actually a lot of treated clothing products available these days – the permethrin lasts even after several washings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Do you have any concerns about the repellents we use today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> There are two concerns I have about repellents. One is that there are products coming onto the marketplace that have not been demonstrated as effective. The products we recommend on \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/faq/repellent.html\" target=\"_blank\">our website\u003c/a> are DEET, picaridin, IR3535 and some oil of lemon eucalyptus and para-menthane-diol products. There is a body of scientific literature showing these products to be effective. And they're \u003ca href=\"http://cfpub.epa.gov/oppref/insect/\">registered with the Environmental Protection Agency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other trend that concerns me is people don't use repellents – they're underutilized, especially in \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/07/16/202749179/a-warm-winter-helped-fuel-west-nile-outbreak-in-dallas\" target=\"_blank\">outbreaks of mosquito-borne illnesses like West Nile virus\u003c/a>. Even when these outbreaks are publicized, we have not been successful at getting more people to use repellents effectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q:\u003c/strong> Is there any evidence of mosquitoes becoming resistant to DEET or other products?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> No, we're not seeing any evidence that mosquitoes are ignoring the repellents. The reason is that humans don't provide the primary blood source for mosquitoes — they mostly feed on animals, like birds. So we're not selecting for the behavior that would lead to resistance. DEET is still the gold standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Q\u003c/strong>: Does it matter whether your repellent is 5 percent or 30 percent DEET?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A:\u003c/strong> The amount of DEET can affect how long it lasts. But the research suggests that once you get about 50 percent DEET it's not going to make a lot of difference. 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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13871\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13871 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/167439444-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Centers for Disease Control defines binge drinking in women as 4 or more drinks during one occasion. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over on Facebook, the group \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MomsWhoNeedWine?ref=br_tf\" target=\"_blank\">Moms Who Need Wine\u003c/a> has more than 660,000 likes. While most of the posts there seem pretty darn cheerful, they point to a darker reality. Alcohol abuse in women is on the rise. And a specific problem for them is binge drinking, as the\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/bingedrinkingfemale/\" target=\"_blank\"> Centers for Disease Control reported\u003c/a> earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the report, the CDC found that 1 in 8 women over age 18 -- that's 14 million women -- binge drink about three times a month. Binge drinking is defined as four or more alcoholic beverages in a two to three hour period. One in 5 high school girls binge drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Bob Brewer who leads the Alcohol Program at the CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention framed the public health costs of alcohol consumption for a \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201307181000\" target=\"_blank\">KQED Forum\u003c/a> audience recently. It's the third leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., with an estimated 80,000 deaths and 2.3 million years of life lost every year linked to excess drinking, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But within that excess drinking, it's the binge drinking that is really taking a toll. \"We know that binge drinking is by far the most common pattern of excessive drinking in the United States,\" he said, responsible for half of those 80,000 deaths.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologically, women are more susceptible to alcohol, explained Gabrielle Glaser who wrote\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/dp/1439184380\" target=\"_blank\"> Her Best-Kept Secret: Why Women Drink and How They Can Regain Control\u003c/a>. \"Women have more fat in their bodies than do men and less water.\" Fat absorbs alcohol; water dilutes it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Glaser says, women make less of an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase which helps process alcohol. \"So women are more susceptible and more vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estrogen also seems to have some effect on how alcohol is processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alcoholics Anonymous: Worthwhile program or ineffective?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in the midst of this discussion of the dangers of alcohol, came a lively debate about the merits of AA -- Alcoholics Anonymous, the 12-step program founded in 1935. Glaser asserted that it doesn't work for the vast majority of people who try it, and says it's particularly bad for women, since it was developed \"by men, for men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other, better options, she argues. \"What I'm trying to do is advocate for women is that there are many, many avenues that do work that have been scientifically shown in evidence-based practice to be more effective than 12-step treatment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In particular, she pointed to naltrexone, an FDA-approved drug that can essentially blocks the pleasant effects of alcohol, making the consumption of alcohol a less pleasant experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keith Humphries, a professor of psychiatry at Stanford, agreed that naltrexone is effective, but said he wouldn't be \"uncritical\" of it. He defended AA. He estimated there were \"hundreds of thousands of women\" who would say they \"owe their life\" to AA. And in the Bay Area, he said, studies of samples of problem drinkers found that women were a little more likely than men drinkers to go to AA, and \"if they go, they are likely to benefit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>College-educated women at greater risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC report found that white and hispanic women 18-34, as well as high school girls, and women with family incomes about $75,000 a year were most likely to binge drink. And long-term effects can set in more quickly in women than in men. Humphries referred to a \"telescoped\" course. \"In other words,\" he told Forum's audience, \"they won't have been having a problem for very long, may be just five years, but they already have as much wreckage in their lives as a man might accrue over 10 or 15 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once women enter treatment, Humphries encouraged people to search\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>for the best approach that works for them. \"It's like shopping,\" he said. \"It's a lot about relationship.\" Choice is a good thing, he said. There are choices in medications and counseling styles. Forum host Michael Krasny pointed out there's no silver bullet. Humphries concurred. \"The pathway out of this that works is the one that works for you. If what you're doing is making you healthier, happier, more responsible in life, then just keep doing it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near the end of the hour, Sarah Mart with industry watchdog Alcohol Justice may have pointed to why there's an increase of alcohol use in women. She argued that the industry is working to \"transition women from non-alcohol to alcohol products.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're sweet, they're bubbly,\" she said in reference to alcoholic beverages targeted to women. \"They're brightly colored, both the product themselves, the liquid as well as all of the packaging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the program:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201307181000.xml\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cembed width=\"335\" height=\"85\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201307181000.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Over on Facebook, the group Moms Who Need Wine has more than 660,000 likes. While most of the posts seem pretty darn cheerful, it points to a darker reality. Alcohol abuse in women is on the rise. And a specific problem for them is binge drinking, as the Centers for Disease Control reported earlier this year.\r\n\r\nIn the report, the CDC found that 1 in 8 women over age 18 -- that's 14 million women -- binge drink about three times a month. Binge drinking is defined as four or more alcoholic beverages in a two to three hour period. One in 5 high school girls binge drink.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13871\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13871 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/167439444-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Centers for Disease Control defines binge drinking in women as 4 or more drinks during one occasion. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Over on Facebook, the group \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MomsWhoNeedWine?ref=br_tf\" target=\"_blank\">Moms Who Need Wine\u003c/a> has more than 660,000 likes. While most of the posts there seem pretty darn cheerful, they point to a darker reality. Alcohol abuse in women is on the rise. And a specific problem for them is binge drinking, as the\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/bingedrinkingfemale/\" target=\"_blank\"> Centers for Disease Control reported\u003c/a> earlier this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the report, the CDC found that 1 in 8 women over age 18 -- that's 14 million women -- binge drink about three times a month. Binge drinking is defined as four or more alcoholic beverages in a two to three hour period. One in 5 high school girls binge drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Bob Brewer who leads the Alcohol Program at the CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention framed the public health costs of alcohol consumption for a \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201307181000\" target=\"_blank\">KQED Forum\u003c/a> audience recently. It's the third leading cause of preventable death in the U.S., with an estimated 80,000 deaths and 2.3 million years of life lost every year linked to excess drinking, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But within that excess drinking, it's the binge drinking that is really taking a toll. \"We know that binge drinking is by far the most common pattern of excessive drinking in the United States,\" he said, responsible for half of those 80,000 deaths.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biologically, women are more susceptible to alcohol, explained Gabrielle Glaser who wrote\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/dp/1439184380\" target=\"_blank\"> Her Best-Kept Secret: Why Women Drink and How They Can Regain Control\u003c/a>. \"Women have more fat in their bodies than do men and less water.\" Fat absorbs alcohol; water dilutes it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Glaser says, women make less of an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase which helps process alcohol. \"So women are more susceptible and more vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Estrogen also seems to have some effect on how alcohol is processed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alcoholics Anonymous: Worthwhile program or ineffective?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, in the midst of this discussion of the dangers of alcohol, came a lively debate about the merits of AA -- Alcoholics Anonymous, the 12-step program founded in 1935. Glaser asserted that it doesn't work for the vast majority of people who try it, and says it's particularly bad for women, since it was developed \"by men, for men.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other, better options, she argues. \"What I'm trying to do is advocate for women is that there are many, many avenues that do work that have been scientifically shown in evidence-based practice to be more effective than 12-step treatment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In particular, she pointed to naltrexone, an FDA-approved drug that can essentially blocks the pleasant effects of alcohol, making the consumption of alcohol a less pleasant experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keith Humphries, a professor of psychiatry at Stanford, agreed that naltrexone is effective, but said he wouldn't be \"uncritical\" of it. He defended AA. He estimated there were \"hundreds of thousands of women\" who would say they \"owe their life\" to AA. And in the Bay Area, he said, studies of samples of problem drinkers found that women were a little more likely than men drinkers to go to AA, and \"if they go, they are likely to benefit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>College-educated women at greater risk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC report found that white and hispanic women 18-34, as well as high school girls, and women with family incomes about $75,000 a year were most likely to binge drink. And long-term effects can set in more quickly in women than in men. Humphries referred to a \"telescoped\" course. \"In other words,\" he told Forum's audience, \"they won't have been having a problem for very long, may be just five years, but they already have as much wreckage in their lives as a man might accrue over 10 or 15 years.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once women enter treatment, Humphries encouraged people to search\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>for the best approach that works for them. \"It's like shopping,\" he said. \"It's a lot about relationship.\" Choice is a good thing, he said. There are choices in medications and counseling styles. Forum host Michael Krasny pointed out there's no silver bullet. Humphries concurred. \"The pathway out of this that works is the one that works for you. If what you're doing is making you healthier, happier, more responsible in life, then just keep doing it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Near the end of the hour, Sarah Mart with industry watchdog Alcohol Justice may have pointed to why there's an increase of alcohol use in women. She argued that the industry is working to \"transition women from non-alcohol to alcohol products.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They're sweet, they're bubbly,\" she said in reference to alcoholic beverages targeted to women. \"They're brightly colored, both the product themselves, the liquid as well as all of the packaging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the program:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201307181000.xml\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cembed width=\"335\" height=\"85\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201307181000.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How Watsonville Program Helps Latino Immigrants Manage Their Diabetes",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Vinnee Tong, KQED\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13806\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-13806 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/Abel-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Abel Corona having dinner in his Watsonville home. He is more careful about his diet since he was diagnosed with diabetes. (Vinnie Tong/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abel Corona having dinner in his Watsonville home. He is more careful about his diet since he was diagnosed with diabetes. (Vinnee Tong/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abel Corona sat down to dinner and scrutinized the steak his wife had cooked for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to measure the portions,” he says in Spanish. The steak was extremely thin but still, he seemed to have a sense of guilt about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus on portion sizes comes, in part, as a result of his new efforts to manage his diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona, a Watsonville resident, was diagnosed about a dozen years ago, but didn't do much to improve his health until 18 months ago when he started seeing a new doctor and, perhaps most importantly, started attending weekly group classes in diabetes education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where he’s been hearing a lot about portion sizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">In Santa Cruz County, home to Watsonville, diabetes rates are 75 percent higher for Latinos than than they are for whites.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The class is run by a Watsonville health clinic, Salud Para la Gente – Health for the People -- as part of a program called Project Dulce. On a recent Thursday evening, Abel joined about a dozen others in a multi-purpose conference room at the nearby Muzzio Community Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Sandoval conducts the classes in Spanish. Sandoval blends cultural references, like folk tales, with a dash of humor to teach the classes. One recent class touched on a variety of subjects, from hypertension to cholesterol and basic nutrition.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Sandoval tells students to think about a deck of cards as a good size for a serving of meat. Or, if they don’t have cards, then to look at the palm of their hand. To drive home the concept, he breaks out in a familiar Spanish song, which translates as “In the palm of my hand, I had her heart.” Students laugh at this. Sandoval says it helps them to remember the lesson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The class conveys information, but it also serves a more important purpose. It teaches students that diabetes is a manageable disease, and it gives them hope they can continue to earn a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, that need is critical. Sandoval cites one of his students as a typical example: a fieldworker married to a homemaker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He goes, ‘I’m the only breadwinner,' and he says, 'if something happens to me, then there goes my family,'” Sandoval says. The point of his class is to help people understand that diabetes is a manageable illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watsonville is an agriculture town known mostly for strawberries, blueberries and raspberries, but in health circles the area is known for diabetes, too. Latinos suffer disproportionately. In Santa Cruz County, home to Watsonville, diabetes rates are 75 percent higher for Latinos than than they are for whites. Rates are also high in adjacent Monterey County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval says all of the class participants have some kind of connection to the local agriculture industry. Corona is the typical diabetes patient for this area: He's Latino and a farmworker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona moved here from Mexico as a teenager, and he works during the harvest season, supporting a family on what is basically seasonal work. He's built a life here. He and and his wife have five children and own their own home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his community, diabetes is all around him. He says his two brothers both have the disease, and so did his mother. “And I have friends who have diabetes,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Corona says meals were home cooked and only occasionally included meat. When he first arrived in the U.S., he continued eating a Mexican diet, featuring a lot of beans. But eventually he says he grew accustomed to American fare, like pizza from places such as Domino’s and Round Table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sandoval's class, Corona has learned how many carbohydrates there are in a pizza and the quick sugar hit it will give him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at Corona's house, he said a meal like the one in front of him -- a thin steak, pinto beans boiled in water and a chopped salad -- was only an occasional treat back in Mexico. They’d eat it perhaps only once a week. That night at least, he was having a home-cooked meal, which included a salad of onions, cilantro, tomatoes and nopales -- a type of cactus that the Corona family grows in their backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona seems acutely aware of his diet, and he says he has Sandoval’s class to thank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chief of the California Department of Public Health's Chronic Disease Prevention and Management Section, Majel Arnold, says classes like this help prevent the spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The evidence has showed that when a person with diabetes is referred to these management education programs, that is does improve their ability to manage their diabetes,” Arnold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval says he sees that evidence in his classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This work is really about having that type of an impact on them, so that people have a sense of hope, that they’re able to manage their own diabetes, and in so doing, feel that their family is safe,” Sandoval says. “Because some of the folks feel that it’s one of those types of diseases that ... is life threatening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona says in the few months he’s been attending Sandoval’s class, he has already started spreading around his newfound knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With my brothers, I share with them what I’ve been learning here,” he says. “And with my wife as well.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Vinnee Tong, KQED\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13806\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-13806 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/Abel-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Abel Corona having dinner in his Watsonville home. He is more careful about his diet since he was diagnosed with diabetes. (Vinnie Tong/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Abel Corona having dinner in his Watsonville home. He is more careful about his diet since he was diagnosed with diabetes. (Vinnee Tong/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abel Corona sat down to dinner and scrutinized the steak his wife had cooked for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to measure the portions,” he says in Spanish. The steak was extremely thin but still, he seemed to have a sense of guilt about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The focus on portion sizes comes, in part, as a result of his new efforts to manage his diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona, a Watsonville resident, was diagnosed about a dozen years ago, but didn't do much to improve his health until 18 months ago when he started seeing a new doctor and, perhaps most importantly, started attending weekly group classes in diabetes education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where he’s been hearing a lot about portion sizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">In Santa Cruz County, home to Watsonville, diabetes rates are 75 percent higher for Latinos than than they are for whites.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The class is run by a Watsonville health clinic, Salud Para la Gente – Health for the People -- as part of a program called Project Dulce. On a recent Thursday evening, Abel joined about a dozen others in a multi-purpose conference room at the nearby Muzzio Community Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Sandoval conducts the classes in Spanish. Sandoval blends cultural references, like folk tales, with a dash of humor to teach the classes. One recent class touched on a variety of subjects, from hypertension to cholesterol and basic nutrition.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Sandoval tells students to think about a deck of cards as a good size for a serving of meat. Or, if they don’t have cards, then to look at the palm of their hand. To drive home the concept, he breaks out in a familiar Spanish song, which translates as “In the palm of my hand, I had her heart.” Students laugh at this. Sandoval says it helps them to remember the lesson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The class conveys information, but it also serves a more important purpose. It teaches students that diabetes is a manageable disease, and it gives them hope they can continue to earn a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, that need is critical. Sandoval cites one of his students as a typical example: a fieldworker married to a homemaker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He goes, ‘I’m the only breadwinner,' and he says, 'if something happens to me, then there goes my family,'” Sandoval says. The point of his class is to help people understand that diabetes is a manageable illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Watsonville is an agriculture town known mostly for strawberries, blueberries and raspberries, but in health circles the area is known for diabetes, too. Latinos suffer disproportionately. In Santa Cruz County, home to Watsonville, diabetes rates are 75 percent higher for Latinos than than they are for whites. Rates are also high in adjacent Monterey County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval says all of the class participants have some kind of connection to the local agriculture industry. Corona is the typical diabetes patient for this area: He's Latino and a farmworker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona moved here from Mexico as a teenager, and he works during the harvest season, supporting a family on what is basically seasonal work. He's built a life here. He and and his wife have five children and own their own home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his community, diabetes is all around him. He says his two brothers both have the disease, and so did his mother. “And I have friends who have diabetes,” he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Corona says meals were home cooked and only occasionally included meat. When he first arrived in the U.S., he continued eating a Mexican diet, featuring a lot of beans. But eventually he says he grew accustomed to American fare, like pizza from places such as Domino’s and Round Table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sandoval's class, Corona has learned how many carbohydrates there are in a pizza and the quick sugar hit it will give him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at Corona's house, he said a meal like the one in front of him -- a thin steak, pinto beans boiled in water and a chopped salad -- was only an occasional treat back in Mexico. They’d eat it perhaps only once a week. That night at least, he was having a home-cooked meal, which included a salad of onions, cilantro, tomatoes and nopales -- a type of cactus that the Corona family grows in their backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona seems acutely aware of his diet, and he says he has Sandoval’s class to thank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chief of the California Department of Public Health's Chronic Disease Prevention and Management Section, Majel Arnold, says classes like this help prevent the spread of the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The evidence has showed that when a person with diabetes is referred to these management education programs, that is does improve their ability to manage their diabetes,” Arnold says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandoval says he sees that evidence in his classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This work is really about having that type of an impact on them, so that people have a sense of hope, that they’re able to manage their own diabetes, and in so doing, feel that their family is safe,” Sandoval says. “Because some of the folks feel that it’s one of those types of diseases that ... is life threatening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Corona says in the few months he’s been attending Sandoval’s class, he has already started spreading around his newfound knowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With my brothers, I share with them what I’ve been learning here,” he says. “And with my wife as well.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How TVs Hurt Kids -- No, It's Not the Programming This Time",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13782\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-13782 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/164022347-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"It's easy to imagine how this baby could be hurt if the TV toppled over. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It's easy to imagine how this baby could be hurt if the TV toppled over. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a parent I fret about what TV may be doing to my kids' minds. Now a study out Monday warns that TVs pose a risk to children's physical health, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, the problem is falling televisions. If you're wondering how it is that TVs fall over, researchers say it's because kids climb on them. Over a 20-year period, researchers say, nearly 200,000 children in the U.S. went to the emergency room because of an injury sustained from a falling TV. More than 200 children have died from these injuries during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was published in the journal\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/17/peds.2013-1086.abstract\" target=\"_blank\"> Pediatrics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the Associated Press:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Doctors and safety experts say better awareness is needed about the dangers — especially the risks of putting heavier, older model TV sets on top of dressers and other furniture young children may try to climb on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most injuries are in kids under 5; head and neck injuries including concussions are the most common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a problem that is increasing at an alarming rate,\" said lead author Dr. Gary Smith, a pediatric emergency specialist and president of the Child Injury Prevention Alliance in Columbus, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith said it is unclear from the data what type of TV sets are involved in the accidents or whether older, heavier models are the most common culprit.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, 12,300 children nationwide got ER treatment for TV-related injuries, compared with 5,455 in 1990. The injury rate nearly doubled, from 0.85 injuries per 10,000 children aged 17 and younger in 1990 to 1.66 per 10,000 in 2011, the study found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers examined national ER data on non-fatal television-related injuries to kids from 1990-2011. In many cases, the set had been placed on a dresser and the child used open drawers as stairs to climb up and reach the TV, toppling it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over those two decades, 215 children died from these injuries, government data show, and news reports indicate that since January 2012, at least six young children have been killed nationwide by falling TVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Over at NPR's Shots blog, reporters wondered if flat screen TVs, being more sleek and lighter than the boxes of old, might be safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a word, no. From \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/07/22/204512828/tvs-pose-a-danger-to-kids-but-not-the-way-you-might-think\" target=\"_blank\">Shots:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"There is a myth that as flat screens were introduced in the marketplace, we would see a decrease in the number of TV-tip over related injuries to young children,\" Smith said. \"This study shows the opposite is true.\" ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith thinks that one reason is that as flat screens entered the home, the older tube TVs were moved to bureaus, bookshelves and other pieces of furniture where they pose a risk to active, inquisitive youngsters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem could be that flat screens tend to carry their weight to the front of the screen, making it more likely the TV will tip forward, the study says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Any TV that goes in the home needs to be attached to a wall,\" Smith says, \"regardless of whether it is a flat-screen or a CRT.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other kinds of furniture pose tip-over risks too. The American Academy of Pediatrics has details on \u003ca href=\"http://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/news-features-and-safety-tips/Documents/Protecting_Kids_Furniture_TV_Tip-Overs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">how to secure furniture\u003c/a> [PDF] and protect kids. (Bonus: taking these steps will protect you from furniture/TV tipovers in an earthquake, too.)\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As a parent I fret about what TV may be doing to my kids' minds. Now a study out Monday warns that TVs pose a risk to children's physical health, too.\r\n\r\nSpecifically, the problem is falling televisions. If you're wondering how it is that TVs fall over, researchers say it's because kids climb on them. Over a 20-year period, researchers say, nearly 200,000 children in the U.S. went to the emergency room because of an injury sustained from a falling TV. More than 200 children have died from these injuries during that time.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13782\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-13782 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/164022347-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"It's easy to imagine how this baby could be hurt if the TV toppled over. (Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It's easy to imagine how this baby could be hurt if the TV toppled over. (Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a parent I fret about what TV may be doing to my kids' minds. Now a study out Monday warns that TVs pose a risk to children's physical health, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, the problem is falling televisions. If you're wondering how it is that TVs fall over, researchers say it's because kids climb on them. Over a 20-year period, researchers say, nearly 200,000 children in the U.S. went to the emergency room because of an injury sustained from a falling TV. More than 200 children have died from these injuries during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study was published in the journal\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2013/07/17/peds.2013-1086.abstract\" target=\"_blank\"> Pediatrics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the Associated Press:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Doctors and safety experts say better awareness is needed about the dangers — especially the risks of putting heavier, older model TV sets on top of dressers and other furniture young children may try to climb on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most injuries are in kids under 5; head and neck injuries including concussions are the most common.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a problem that is increasing at an alarming rate,\" said lead author Dr. Gary Smith, a pediatric emergency specialist and president of the Child Injury Prevention Alliance in Columbus, Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith said it is unclear from the data what type of TV sets are involved in the accidents or whether older, heavier models are the most common culprit.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, 12,300 children nationwide got ER treatment for TV-related injuries, compared with 5,455 in 1990. The injury rate nearly doubled, from 0.85 injuries per 10,000 children aged 17 and younger in 1990 to 1.66 per 10,000 in 2011, the study found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers examined national ER data on non-fatal television-related injuries to kids from 1990-2011. In many cases, the set had been placed on a dresser and the child used open drawers as stairs to climb up and reach the TV, toppling it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over those two decades, 215 children died from these injuries, government data show, and news reports indicate that since January 2012, at least six young children have been killed nationwide by falling TVs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Over at NPR's Shots blog, reporters wondered if flat screen TVs, being more sleek and lighter than the boxes of old, might be safer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a word, no. From \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/07/22/204512828/tvs-pose-a-danger-to-kids-but-not-the-way-you-might-think\" target=\"_blank\">Shots:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"There is a myth that as flat screens were introduced in the marketplace, we would see a decrease in the number of TV-tip over related injuries to young children,\" Smith said. \"This study shows the opposite is true.\" ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith thinks that one reason is that as flat screens entered the home, the older tube TVs were moved to bureaus, bookshelves and other pieces of furniture where they pose a risk to active, inquisitive youngsters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another problem could be that flat screens tend to carry their weight to the front of the screen, making it more likely the TV will tip forward, the study says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Any TV that goes in the home needs to be attached to a wall,\" Smith says, \"regardless of whether it is a flat-screen or a CRT.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other kinds of furniture pose tip-over risks too. The American Academy of Pediatrics has details on \u003ca href=\"http://www.aap.org/en-us/about-the-aap/aap-press-room/news-features-and-safety-tips/Documents/Protecting_Kids_Furniture_TV_Tip-Overs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">how to secure furniture\u003c/a> [PDF] and protect kids. (Bonus: taking these steps will protect you from furniture/TV tipovers in an earthquake, too.)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "The 'Sink-Urinal' Encourages Men to Wash Hands -- and Saves Water, Too!",
"title": "The 'Sink-Urinal' Encourages Men to Wash Hands -- and Saves Water, Too!",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Elise Hu\u003c/strong>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/alltechconsidered/2013/07/09/200367795/the-sink-urinal-saves-water-encourages-men-to-wash-hands\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13620\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/20111003_stand_print_18_wide-c6aaf6b15b60078f8b79229e018bd908f54eb135-s40-620x348.jpg\" alt=\"The design, called Stand, is already in use in several European countries. (Ingus Bajars/Courtesy of Kaspar Jursons)\" width=\"620\" height=\"348\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The design, called Stand, is already in use in several European countries. (Ingus Bajars/Courtesy of Kaspar Jursons)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Latvian designer named Kaspars Jursons is trying to help solve European water shortages by redesigning the men's restroom. His new urinal design includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.standpage.com/en/stand/\">a tap and sink right over it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not just a fancy piece of art,\" he says. \"The idea is about function and consumption. You are washing your hands in the sink on top of the urinal, and the same water that's running is also used to flush. You don't have to use water twice, like when you use the urinal and wash your hands in separate sink.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"You are washing your hands in the sink on top of the urinal, and the same water that's running is also used to flush.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The design, called Stand, sells for about $590 per unit. They're being manufactured on a small production line and have already sold to buyers in Norway, Germany, Russia, Poland and Jursons' home country, Latvia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several sink-urinals are currently installed in a concert venue in Riga, Latvia, where Jursons reports they have worked smoothly and saved thousands of liters of water.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tap is hands-free and sensor-activated, and Jursons says having the sink right over the urinal gives it another feature: an in-your-face reminder to wash your hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked whether folks might find the sink and the urinal a little too close for comfort, Jursons says, \"It is more suitable for hygiene than just a urinal and then guys who don't wash [their] hands.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ladies, if you think your restrooms deserve new design concepts too, stay tuned. Jursons says his next concept is a sink-toilet combo that not only saves water, but saves a lot of bathroom space.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By Elise Hu\u003c/strong>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/alltechconsidered/2013/07/09/200367795/the-sink-urinal-saves-water-encourages-men-to-wash-hands\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13620\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13620\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/07/20111003_stand_print_18_wide-c6aaf6b15b60078f8b79229e018bd908f54eb135-s40-620x348.jpg\" alt=\"The design, called Stand, is already in use in several European countries. (Ingus Bajars/Courtesy of Kaspar Jursons)\" width=\"620\" height=\"348\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The design, called Stand, is already in use in several European countries. (Ingus Bajars/Courtesy of Kaspar Jursons)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A Latvian designer named Kaspars Jursons is trying to help solve European water shortages by redesigning the men's restroom. His new urinal design includes \u003ca href=\"http://www.standpage.com/en/stand/\">a tap and sink right over it\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not just a fancy piece of art,\" he says. \"The idea is about function and consumption. You are washing your hands in the sink on top of the urinal, and the same water that's running is also used to flush. You don't have to use water twice, like when you use the urinal and wash your hands in separate sink.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"You are washing your hands in the sink on top of the urinal, and the same water that's running is also used to flush.\"\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The design, called Stand, sells for about $590 per unit. They're being manufactured on a small production line and have already sold to buyers in Norway, Germany, Russia, Poland and Jursons' home country, Latvia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several sink-urinals are currently installed in a concert venue in Riga, Latvia, where Jursons reports they have worked smoothly and saved thousands of liters of water.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tap is hands-free and sensor-activated, and Jursons says having the sink right over the urinal gives it another feature: an in-your-face reminder to wash your hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When asked whether folks might find the sink and the urinal a little too close for comfort, Jursons says, \"It is more suitable for hygiene than just a urinal and then guys who don't wash [their] hands.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ladies, if you think your restrooms deserve new design concepts too, stay tuned. Jursons says his next concept is a sink-toilet combo that not only saves water, but saves a lot of bathroom space.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Baby Panic'? Women Over 35 May Be Quite Fertile After All",
"title": "'Baby Panic'? Women Over 35 May Be Quite Fertile After All",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13314\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/06/122274215-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I walked into the newsroom today startled to see the TV screen tuned to ABC's Good Morning America streaming (or screaming?) \"Baby Panic: How long can you wait to have a baby?\" across the bottom of the screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I wondered why this discussion was suddenly news again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hate the \"baby panic\" story. I got pregnant easily for the first time at 39. Right on my block, I can quickly count a number of women who also had their first child after 35. Many of us also had children in our 40s. Most of us did this without fertility treatments. I always thought baby panic was a way to get women to \"lean out\" of their careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was with some trepidation that I discovered \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/07/how-long-can-you-wait-to-have-a-baby/309374/?single_page=true\" target=\"_blank\">The Atlantic article\u003c/a> that appears to be driving this new media frenzy. But this article is different. It debunks the conventional wisdom about women over 35 facing a steep and rapid decline in fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her piece, Jean Twenge weaves in her personal story: divorced at 30, longing for children, worrying she'd never have them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she dives into the data. For example, where does the statistic showing that one-third of women 35 to 39 will not be pregnant after a year of trying come from?\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>French birth records from 1670 to 1830.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In other words,\" Twenge writes, \"millions of women are being told when to get pregnant based on statistics from a time before electricity, antibiotics or fertility treatment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2007 I was thinking about statistics in a different way at the annual \u003ca href=\"http://healthjournalism.org/calendar-details.php?id=6\" target=\"_blank\">Health Journalism\u003c/a> conference in Los Angeles. At a session on \"Innovations in Reproductive Health,\" I listened as Dr. Richard Paulsen, director of USC Fertility, discussed the decline in fertility that happens to women over 35. I queried him after his talk, pointing out my own purely anecdotal observations in my neighborhood. He confirmed that we \"don't know the denominator.\" In other words, women who seek fertility treatments are by definition having trouble getting pregnant. There wasn't a lot of data looking at the population of women over 35, trying to get pregnant and succeeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that's changing, as Twenge reports. While 21st century data on modern women who want to get pregnant are still \"sparse,\" she cited these:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Fulltext/2004/01000/Increased_Infertility_With_Age_in_Men_and_Women.10.aspxYoublacklove\" target=\"_blank\">Obstetrics & Gynecology\u003c/a>: of couples having sex twice a week, 82 percent of 35-to-39 year old women conceive within a year vs. 86 percent of 27-to-34 year olds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0015028213003397\" target=\"_blank\">Fertility and Sterility\u003c/a>: of couples having sex during their fertile times, 78 percent of 35-to-40 year olds got pregnant within a year vs. 84 percent of 20-to-34 year olds\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Again, these studies are limited, but they are starting to get at a better \"denominator\" that Dr. Paulsen and I discussed several years ago. There is a decline, but in this limited data set if appears to be much more gradual than has been widely reported. In addition, that decline \"is still of relatively limited use to individuals, given the large range of fertility found in healthy women,\" Allen Wilcox of the NIH tells Twenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In closing her piece, Twenge says the data, though imperfect, lead her to two conclusions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>No. 1: fertility declines with age. No. 2, and much more relevant: the vast majority of women in their late 30s will be able to get pregnant on their own.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Learn more:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/07/how-long-can-you-wait-to-have-a-baby/309374/?single_page=true\" target=\"_blank\">How Long Can You Wait to Have a Baby? \u003c/a>(The Atlantic)\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "I walked into the newsroom today startled to see the TV screen tuned to ABC's Good Morning America streaming (or screaming?) \"Baby Panic: How long can you wait to have a baby?\" across the bottom of the screen.\r\n\r\nI wondered why this discussion was suddenly news again.\r\n\r\nI hate the \"baby panic\" story. I got pregnant easily for the first time at 39. Right on my block, I can quickly count a number of women who also had their first child after 35. Many of us also had children in our 40s. Most of us did this without fertility treatments. I always thought baby panic was a way to get women to \"lean out\" of their careers.",
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"description": "I walked into the newsroom today startled to see the TV screen tuned to ABC's Good Morning America streaming (or screaming?) "Baby Panic: How long can you wait to have a baby?" across the bottom of the screen.\r\n\r\nI wondered why this discussion was suddenly news again.\r\n\r\nI hate the "baby panic" story. I got pregnant easily for the first time at 39. Right on my block, I can quickly count a number of women who also had their first child after 35. Many of us also had children in our 40s. Most of us did this without fertility treatments. I always thought baby panic was a way to get women to "lean out" of their careers.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13314\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 620px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-13314\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/06/122274215-620x413.jpg\" alt=\"(Getty Images)\" width=\"620\" height=\"413\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I walked into the newsroom today startled to see the TV screen tuned to ABC's Good Morning America streaming (or screaming?) \"Baby Panic: How long can you wait to have a baby?\" across the bottom of the screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I wondered why this discussion was suddenly news again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I hate the \"baby panic\" story. I got pregnant easily for the first time at 39. Right on my block, I can quickly count a number of women who also had their first child after 35. Many of us also had children in our 40s. Most of us did this without fertility treatments. I always thought baby panic was a way to get women to \"lean out\" of their careers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was with some trepidation that I discovered \u003ca href=\"http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/07/how-long-can-you-wait-to-have-a-baby/309374/?single_page=true\" target=\"_blank\">The Atlantic article\u003c/a> that appears to be driving this new media frenzy. But this article is different. It debunks the conventional wisdom about women over 35 facing a steep and rapid decline in fertility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her piece, Jean Twenge weaves in her personal story: divorced at 30, longing for children, worrying she'd never have them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then she dives into the data. For example, where does the statistic showing that one-third of women 35 to 39 will not be pregnant after a year of trying come from?\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>French birth records from 1670 to 1830.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In other words,\" Twenge writes, \"millions of women are being told when to get pregnant based on statistics from a time before electricity, antibiotics or fertility treatment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2007 I was thinking about statistics in a different way at the annual \u003ca href=\"http://healthjournalism.org/calendar-details.php?id=6\" target=\"_blank\">Health Journalism\u003c/a> conference in Los Angeles. At a session on \"Innovations in Reproductive Health,\" I listened as Dr. Richard Paulsen, director of USC Fertility, discussed the decline in fertility that happens to women over 35. I queried him after his talk, pointing out my own purely anecdotal observations in my neighborhood. He confirmed that we \"don't know the denominator.\" In other words, women who seek fertility treatments are by definition having trouble getting pregnant. There wasn't a lot of data looking at the population of women over 35, trying to get pregnant and succeeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that's changing, as Twenge reports. While 21st century data on modern women who want to get pregnant are still \"sparse,\" she cited these:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/Fulltext/2004/01000/Increased_Infertility_With_Age_in_Men_and_Women.10.aspxYoublacklove\" target=\"_blank\">Obstetrics & Gynecology\u003c/a>: of couples having sex twice a week, 82 percent of 35-to-39 year old women conceive within a year vs. 86 percent of 27-to-34 year olds\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0015028213003397\" target=\"_blank\">Fertility and Sterility\u003c/a>: of couples having sex during their fertile times, 78 percent of 35-to-40 year olds got pregnant within a year vs. 84 percent of 20-to-34 year olds\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Again, these studies are limited, but they are starting to get at a better \"denominator\" that Dr. Paulsen and I discussed several years ago. There is a decline, but in this limited data set if appears to be much more gradual than has been widely reported. In addition, that decline \"is still of relatively limited use to individuals, given the large range of fertility found in healthy women,\" Allen Wilcox of the NIH tells Twenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In closing her piece, Twenge says the data, though imperfect, lead her to two conclusions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>No. 1: fertility declines with age. No. 2, and much more relevant: the vast majority of women in their late 30s will be able to get pregnant on their own.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Learn more:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/07/how-long-can-you-wait-to-have-a-baby/309374/?single_page=true\" target=\"_blank\">How Long Can You Wait to Have a Baby? \u003c/a>(The Atlantic)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Young Adults Will Make or Break Obamacare in California",
"title": "Young Adults Will Make or Break Obamacare in California",
"headTitle": "State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003cstrong>By Mina Kim, KQED\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12967\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12967 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/RS4926_photo-Dave2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"David Kim, brother of KQED health reporter Mina Kim, is 29-years-old and uninsured. (Mina Kim/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Kim, brother of KQED health reporter Mina Kim, is 29-years-old and uninsured. He is considering whether to buy insurance on the health care marketplace if he doesn't have employer-based coverage next year. (Mina Kim/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most of us know someone who doesn’t have health insurance. In my case, it’s my little brother, David Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David is 29-years-old and recently earned an advanced degree in international relations. He hasn’t been able to land a full-time job with health benefits. The two jobs he has now are temporary, and with such a precarious work situation, he just doesn’t think he can afford health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m totally aware that if I get sick then I’m doomed financially,” Dave told me over a lunch break. “And maybe that's not a very financially sound decision to make, but it is nonetheless a risk that, for the time being, I’m prepared to take.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young adults —18 to 34-year-olds — make up \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/~/media/MEDIA%20LIBRARY%20Files/PDF/C/PDF%20CaliforniaUninsured2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">more than 40 percent\u003c/a> of California’s uninsured, though they make up less than 30 percent of the population. And according to many health reform advocates, they’re the ones who could make or break Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“If we get only sick people, and don’t get the young, healthy people into the insurance system, it’s going to mean premiums are much higher.” \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The success of this law really does depend on getting young people insured, and frankly getting everyone insured,” said Larry Levitt, a health policy and insurance expert for the Kaiser Family Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In less than five months, a key piece of Obamacare will go live: state-based insurance marketplaces, called Covered California here. That means millions of Californians looking for coverage for themselves or their families will be able to go online and enroll in qualified health plans regardless of their medical history. Many will get help from federal subsidies. But if the exchange doesn't enroll enough young, healthy people, insurers will have to hike everyone’s premiums.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Insurance premiums are set based on the pool of people who are buying coverage,” Levitt said. “If we get only sick people, and don’t get the young, healthy people into the insurance system, it’s going to mean premiums are much higher.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Covered California \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/23/californias-health-insurance-exchange-sets-plans-premiums-no-apparent-rate-shock/\" target=\"_blank\">released plans and premiums\u003c/a> for 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obamacare's Incentives for Young Adults\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health law has plenty of incentives to engage young people in insurance. They can stay on a parent's health plan until they’re 26-years-old. Some will qualify for expanded Medi-Cal, the state’s health insurance program for the poor. On Covered California, there will be federal tax credits to help people buy insurance. Individuals who make up to about $46,000 a year (or about $94,000 for a family of four) are eligible for the tax credits. People under 30 will also have the option of buying bare-bones, catastrophic plans with low premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12946\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12946\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/RS4928_Tamika-Butler-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Tamika Butler shows off a mobile app that explains the federal health law's benefits for young people. Butler runs the California chapter of Young Invincibles, an advocacy group. (Mina Kim/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tamika Butler shows off a mobile app that explains the federal health law's benefits for young people. Butler runs the California chapter of Young Invincibles, an advocacy group. (Mina Kim/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, getting young adults to buy insurance won’t be easy, Levitt warns. The financial penalty for not having coverage next year is fairly small -- $95 or one percent of income, whichever is greater. Also, fears abound that young people’s premiums will skyrocket because the health law limits the difference in price between plans for the young and old. And there's still just a lot of confusion about health reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This generation has very low levels of insurance literacy,\" Tamika Butler tells me. She runs the Los Angeles-based chapter of Young Invincibles, a nonprofit advocacy group trying to get the word out about the health law’s benefits. Her group has launched a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/together.invincible\" target=\"_blank\">social media\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/YI_Care\" target=\"_blank\">outreach campaign\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"http://younginvincibles.org/promotion/young-invincibles-theres-an-app-for-that/\" target=\"_blank\">mobile app\u003c/a> that helps people find and rate cheap health care and answer questions about the Affordable Care Act. According to Butler, young adults are gateways to getting hard-to-reach minority communities insured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young adults are really the leaders of their communities, of their families,” Butler said. “You see it when there's a young child translating for a parent at school, or helping them figure out a complicated financial aid form, and it’s the same for health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler said it’s a misconception that most young people shun health insurance because they believe they’re indestructible. She says her groups’ polls and outreach activities have shown that the more young people learn about coverage, the more they want it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Lee who runs Covered California said the exchange is planning to launch a major media campaign aimed at young people this summer and to reach out to students on college campuses, at trade schools and those who work at low-wage jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been having focus groups, surveys and young people throughout California aren’t saying they don’t want to have health insurance,” Lee said. “They’re saying they can’t afford it, and they are looking for the security that health insurance provides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My brother David said he has felt a bit vulnerable without health coverage and will look into plans on the exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just the other day I went ice skating,\" David said. “I went at the wall like full speed, and my skate edge slipped. I almost [went] face first into the wall, and at that point I was reminded that I don’t have health insurance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Covered California officials unveiled Thursday, a list of the health plans and rates they expect to offer on the exchange in October. The enrollment period will run through March 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to Mina Kim's Story:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003cobject width=\"335\" height=\"85\" classid=\"d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000\" codebase=\"http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0\">\u003cparam name=\"flashvars\" value=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201305230850a.xml\">\u003cparam name=\"src\" value=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\">\u003cembed width=\"335\" height=\"85\" type=\"application/x-shockwave-flash\" src=\"http://www.kqed.org/assets/flash/kqedplayer.swf\" flashvars=\"file=http://www.kqed.org/radio/archives/R201305230850a.xml\">\u003c/embed>\u003c/object>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Most of us know someone who doesn’t have health insurance. In my case, it’s my little brother, David Kim.\r\n\r\nDavid is 29-years-old and recently earned an advanced degree in international relations. He hasn’t been able to land a full-time job with health benefits. The two jobs he has now are temporary, and with such a precarious work situation, he just doesn’t think he can afford health insurance.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003c/em>\u003cstrong>By Mina Kim, KQED\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12967\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12967 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/RS4926_photo-Dave2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"David Kim, brother of KQED health reporter Mina Kim, is 29-years-old and uninsured. (Mina Kim/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">David Kim, brother of KQED health reporter Mina Kim, is 29-years-old and uninsured. He is considering whether to buy insurance on the health care marketplace if he doesn't have employer-based coverage next year. (Mina Kim/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most of us know someone who doesn’t have health insurance. In my case, it’s my little brother, David Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David is 29-years-old and recently earned an advanced degree in international relations. He hasn’t been able to land a full-time job with health benefits. The two jobs he has now are temporary, and with such a precarious work situation, he just doesn’t think he can afford health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m totally aware that if I get sick then I’m doomed financially,” Dave told me over a lunch break. “And maybe that's not a very financially sound decision to make, but it is nonetheless a risk that, for the time being, I’m prepared to take.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Young adults —18 to 34-year-olds — make up \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/~/media/MEDIA%20LIBRARY%20Files/PDF/C/PDF%20CaliforniaUninsured2012.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">more than 40 percent\u003c/a> of California’s uninsured, though they make up less than 30 percent of the population. And according to many health reform advocates, they’re the ones who could make or break Obamacare.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“If we get only sick people, and don’t get the young, healthy people into the insurance system, it’s going to mean premiums are much higher.” \u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“The success of this law really does depend on getting young people insured, and frankly getting everyone insured,” said Larry Levitt, a health policy and insurance expert for the Kaiser Family Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In less than five months, a key piece of Obamacare will go live: state-based insurance marketplaces, called Covered California here. That means millions of Californians looking for coverage for themselves or their families will be able to go online and enroll in qualified health plans regardless of their medical history. Many will get help from federal subsidies. But if the exchange doesn't enroll enough young, healthy people, insurers will have to hike everyone’s premiums.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Insurance premiums are set based on the pool of people who are buying coverage,” Levitt said. “If we get only sick people, and don’t get the young, healthy people into the insurance system, it’s going to mean premiums are much higher.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, Covered California \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/05/23/californias-health-insurance-exchange-sets-plans-premiums-no-apparent-rate-shock/\" target=\"_blank\">released plans and premiums\u003c/a> for 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Obamacare's Incentives for Young Adults\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health law has plenty of incentives to engage young people in insurance. They can stay on a parent's health plan until they’re 26-years-old. Some will qualify for expanded Medi-Cal, the state’s health insurance program for the poor. On Covered California, there will be federal tax credits to help people buy insurance. Individuals who make up to about $46,000 a year (or about $94,000 for a family of four) are eligible for the tax credits. People under 30 will also have the option of buying bare-bones, catastrophic plans with low premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12946\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-12946\" title=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2013/05/RS4928_Tamika-Butler-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Tamika Butler shows off a mobile app that explains the federal health law's benefits for young people. Butler runs the California chapter of Young Invincibles, an advocacy group. (Mina Kim/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tamika Butler shows off a mobile app that explains the federal health law's benefits for young people. Butler runs the California chapter of Young Invincibles, an advocacy group. (Mina Kim/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, getting young adults to buy insurance won’t be easy, Levitt warns. The financial penalty for not having coverage next year is fairly small -- $95 or one percent of income, whichever is greater. Also, fears abound that young people’s premiums will skyrocket because the health law limits the difference in price between plans for the young and old. And there's still just a lot of confusion about health reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This generation has very low levels of insurance literacy,\" Tamika Butler tells me. She runs the Los Angeles-based chapter of Young Invincibles, a nonprofit advocacy group trying to get the word out about the health law’s benefits. Her group has launched a \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/together.invincible\" target=\"_blank\">social media\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/YI_Care\" target=\"_blank\">outreach campaign\u003c/a> and a \u003ca href=\"http://younginvincibles.org/promotion/young-invincibles-theres-an-app-for-that/\" target=\"_blank\">mobile app\u003c/a> that helps people find and rate cheap health care and answer questions about the Affordable Care Act. According to Butler, young adults are gateways to getting hard-to-reach minority communities insured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young adults are really the leaders of their communities, of their families,” Butler said. “You see it when there's a young child translating for a parent at school, or helping them figure out a complicated financial aid form, and it’s the same for health care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler said it’s a misconception that most young people shun health insurance because they believe they’re indestructible. She says her groups’ polls and outreach activities have shown that the more young people learn about coverage, the more they want it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Lee who runs Covered California said the exchange is planning to launch a major media campaign aimed at young people this summer and to reach out to students on college campuses, at trade schools and those who work at low-wage jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been having focus groups, surveys and young people throughout California aren’t saying they don’t want to have health insurance,” Lee said. “They’re saying they can’t afford it, and they are looking for the security that health insurance provides.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My brother David said he has felt a bit vulnerable without health coverage and will look into plans on the exchange.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just the other day I went ice skating,\" David said. “I went at the wall like full speed, and my skate edge slipped. I almost [went] face first into the wall, and at that point I was reminded that I don’t have health insurance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Covered California officials unveiled Thursday, a list of the health plans and rates they expect to offer on the exchange in October. 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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
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