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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which one believes his or her version more strongly is no tipoff to what really happened, experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Confidence is not a good guide to whether or not someone is telling the truth,” said Nora Newcombe, a psychology professor at Temple University in Philadelphia. “If they think they’re telling the truth, they could plausibly both be confident about it.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a situation where a woman fears being raped by a man, her memories might be shaped by that fear into a recollection that overestimates the threat, whereas the man might consider it “just playing around” and forget it, said David Rubin, a professor of psychology and neuroscience at Duke University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And both people could be completely honest about their recollections, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rubin noted the obvious fact that people can forget things they did while drunk. But he said the man in that scenario could forget about the event even if he had been sober.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts in memory and the brain said Ford’s quick tour of memory machinery was generally correct. Levels of the brain substances she cited go up when a person is alarmed, and they help memories become laid down more strongly in the hippocampus, said Elizabeth Phelps, a Harvard University psychologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That helps people vividly recall central parts of an emotional experience, while details are typically lost, said Lila Davachi of Columbia University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s clear the hippocampus is key to the initial laying down of memory, there’s some debate about its role in long-term memory, Phelps said. Various pieces of an experience — sounds, sights and thoughts — are perceived in different parts of the brain. And initially the hippocampus serves as sort of the center of a web that holds those perceptions together as a memory, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After years pass and the memory becomes consolidated, it’s not clear whether the hippocampus continues to play that central role, or whether the various parts of a memory are connected by other means, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>___\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Associated Press Health & Science Department receives \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/2G0n9w6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">support\u003c/a> from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Department of Science Education. The AP is solely responsible for all content.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Inspired by Kavanaugh Accuser, Palo Alto Mayor Reveals Sexual Assaults She Suffered",
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"content": "\u003cp>As accusers of U.S. Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/26/651797758/judiciary-committee-review-new-sexual-misconduct-allegations-against-kavanaugh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">continue to come forward\u003c/a> and have their accounts of sexual assault questioned by powerful people — \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/26/651545283/watch-live-trump-holds-press-conference-at-u-n\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">including President Trump\u003c/a> — many other women are coming forward to share very personal experiences of their own in a show of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Count Palo Alto Mayor Liz Kniss among them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kniss is in her 70s. Only now is she comfortable unloading a secret that she kept from everyone but her sister for five decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a young woman, Kniss says she suffered two sexual assaults: one by a friend who pulled off the road while driving her home and groped her. The other involved a pilot who shut her in a room, threw her on a bed and groped her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kniss got away both times, but the experiences left her traumatized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Telling her story has been “very uncomfortable,” she says. But she felt it was important to come forward now, as Palo Alto University professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693515/kavanaughs-accuser-struggled-to-come-forward-friends-say\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Christine Blasey Ford\u003c/a> prepares to testify before the Senate Judiciary Committee on her allegations that Kavanaugh assaulted her while they were in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought it could help Christine Ford, even though I don’t know her,” Kniss says. “I had a hope that someone coming forth and beginning to tell their story might give it more validity, and then maybe other people would come forth with their stories. As a friend said, if you start a ripple, you might end with a tsunami.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, Kniss joins a cadre of those in the public eye relating painful experiences for the first time, including actress \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/first-person/2018/9/23/17890700/brett-kavanaugh-alyssa-milano-assault-allegations-why-i-didnt-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alyssa Milano\u003c/a> and television host \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/25/opinion/padma-lakshmi-sexual-assault-rape.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Padma Lakshmi\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I know what happened. But do I recall every detail, including what hotel I was in? I don’t. I remember that it happened. I remember very well.’\u003ccite>Palo Alto Mayor Liz Kniss\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A key criticism that Kavanaugh’s supporters have leveled against Ford and another Kavanaugh accuser — his Yale classmate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694414/the-other-side-of-the-aisle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deborah Ramirez\u003c/a> — centers on why they’ve stayed quiet until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having buried her own memories of unpleasant overtures for so many years, Kniss says the silence stems from the fear that one won’t be believed. That’s exactly what Christine Ford has gone through, Kniss says. But Kniss has been pleasantly surprised at the positive response she herself has gotten so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another line of attack against Kavanaugh’s accusers centers on memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s especially key in the case of Ramirez, whose early conversations with The New Yorker were marked by reluctance “to characterize Kavanaugh’s role in the alleged incident with certainty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As reporters Ronan Farrow and Jane Mayer \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/senate-democrats-investigate-a-new-allegation-of-sexual-misconduct-from-the-supreme-court-nominee-brett-kavanaughs-college-years-deborah-ramirez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">detail in their article\u003c/a>, it took Ramirez six days of “carefully assessing her memories and consulting with her attorney” before she felt confident enough to put her recollections on the record.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694532/women-walk-out-of-state-capitol-to-support-kavanaugh-accusers\">Women Walk Out of State Capitol to Support Kavanaugh Accusers\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694532/women-walk-out-of-state-capitol-to-support-kavanaugh-accusers\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/RS32941_20180924_101023-qut-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Kniss acknowledges that memory can fail us. Indeed, her own memories are murky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know what happened. But do I recall every detail, including what hotel I was in? I don’t. I remember that it happened. I remember very well,” Kniss says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that while memory can fail us, I can almost guarantee you that if you are caught in the woods with somebody and you have no way of getting away — it’s dark and you don’t know quite where you are —you remember that,” she says. “And I certainly not only remember it, but it’s sort of engraved. It’ll stay with me — I presume — forever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for other victims of sexual assault, whether they’ve come forward or not, Kniss emphasizes how fear and panic in the moment of an attack can blur the details — but the core memory remains the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They know what happened,” she says. “They can point to a time and place that are pretty close, but they don’t remember all the details because they’re in that panicked situation where you are in fight or flight, and you are somehow going to get out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As accusers of U.S. Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/26/651797758/judiciary-committee-review-new-sexual-misconduct-allegations-against-kavanaugh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">continue to come forward\u003c/a> and have their accounts of sexual assault questioned by powerful people — \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/26/651545283/watch-live-trump-holds-press-conference-at-u-n\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">including President Trump\u003c/a> — many other women are coming forward to share very personal experiences of their own in a show of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Count Palo Alto Mayor Liz Kniss among them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kniss is in her 70s. Only now is she comfortable unloading a secret that she kept from everyone but her sister for five decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a young woman, Kniss says she suffered two sexual assaults: one by a friend who pulled off the road while driving her home and groped her. The other involved a pilot who shut her in a room, threw her on a bed and groped her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kniss got away both times, but the experiences left her traumatized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Telling her story has been “very uncomfortable,” she says. But she felt it was important to come forward now, as Palo Alto University professor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693515/kavanaughs-accuser-struggled-to-come-forward-friends-say\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Christine Blasey Ford\u003c/a> prepares to testify before the Senate Judiciary Committee on her allegations that Kavanaugh assaulted her while they were in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought it could help Christine Ford, even though I don’t know her,” Kniss says. “I had a hope that someone coming forth and beginning to tell their story might give it more validity, and then maybe other people would come forth with their stories. As a friend said, if you start a ripple, you might end with a tsunami.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, Kniss joins a cadre of those in the public eye relating painful experiences for the first time, including actress \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/first-person/2018/9/23/17890700/brett-kavanaugh-alyssa-milano-assault-allegations-why-i-didnt-report\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alyssa Milano\u003c/a> and television host \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/25/opinion/padma-lakshmi-sexual-assault-rape.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Padma Lakshmi\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I know what happened. But do I recall every detail, including what hotel I was in? I don’t. I remember that it happened. I remember very well.’\u003ccite>Palo Alto Mayor Liz Kniss\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A key criticism that Kavanaugh’s supporters have leveled against Ford and another Kavanaugh accuser — his Yale classmate \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694414/the-other-side-of-the-aisle\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Deborah Ramirez\u003c/a> — centers on why they’ve stayed quiet until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having buried her own memories of unpleasant overtures for so many years, Kniss says the silence stems from the fear that one won’t be believed. That’s exactly what Christine Ford has gone through, Kniss says. But Kniss has been pleasantly surprised at the positive response she herself has gotten so far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another line of attack against Kavanaugh’s accusers centers on memory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s especially key in the case of Ramirez, whose early conversations with The New Yorker were marked by reluctance “to characterize Kavanaugh’s role in the alleged incident with certainty.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As reporters Ronan Farrow and Jane Mayer \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/senate-democrats-investigate-a-new-allegation-of-sexual-misconduct-from-the-supreme-court-nominee-brett-kavanaughs-college-years-deborah-ramirez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">detail in their article\u003c/a>, it took Ramirez six days of “carefully assessing her memories and consulting with her attorney” before she felt confident enough to put her recollections on the record.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694532/women-walk-out-of-state-capitol-to-support-kavanaugh-accusers\">Women Walk Out of State Capitol to Support Kavanaugh Accusers\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694532/women-walk-out-of-state-capitol-to-support-kavanaugh-accusers\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/RS32941_20180924_101023-qut-1038x576.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Kniss acknowledges that memory can fail us. Indeed, her own memories are murky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know what happened. But do I recall every detail, including what hotel I was in? I don’t. I remember that it happened. I remember very well,” Kniss says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that while memory can fail us, I can almost guarantee you that if you are caught in the woods with somebody and you have no way of getting away — it’s dark and you don’t know quite where you are —you remember that,” she says. “And I certainly not only remember it, but it’s sort of engraved. It’ll stay with me — I presume — forever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for other victims of sexual assault, whether they’ve come forward or not, Kniss emphasizes how fear and panic in the moment of an attack can blur the details — but the core memory remains the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They know what happened,” she says. “They can point to a time and place that are pretty close, but they don’t remember all the details because they’re in that panicked situation where you are in fight or flight, and you are somehow going to get out of there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Kavanaugh Confirmation Process Spills Into California Senate Race",
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"content": "\u003cp>The battle over the confirmation of Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh has spilled into California’s U.S. Senate race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Senate leader Kevin de León has worked hard to highlight the distinctions between himself and U.S. Sen. Dianne Feinstein, both Democrats. So when news broke that Feinstein kept quiet for over a month about a letter she received from a woman claiming \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/23/650916906/kavanaugh-accuser-christine-blasey-ford-to-testify-thursday\">Kavanaugh had assaulted her\u003c/a>, de León pounced. He called Feinstein’s failure to disclose the letter a “failure of leadership.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/kdeleon/status/1040700865806446592\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loyola Law School professor Jessica Levinson said de León is coming hard for Feinstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s easy to be aggressive when you’re Sen. Kevin de León and you’re facing a huge uphill battle,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the same time, Levinson said de León must walk a fine line with his message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(He’s trying to say) even though I’m running against a woman who’s been in the Senate for a long time and has been a trailblazer in many ways, she’s simply out of touch and she doesn’t get this and she didn’t handle these accusations correctly,\" Levinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But De León wasn’t immune to the #MeToo story. His one-time roommate, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11651298/report-finds-sen-mendoza-more-likely-than-not-sexually-harassed-women\">former state Sen. Tony Mendoza, resigned\u003c/a> following sexual harassment allegations. And women criticized de León for not doing enough to prevent and deal with sexual harassment in the state Senate while he was leading the chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samantha Corbin, who co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://www.wesaidenough.com/home\">We Said Enough\u003c/a>, which helped lead female activists calling out sexual harassment in the state Capitol, notes Feinstein kept the letter private at the request of its author, Christine Blasey Ford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even if Dianne Feinstein had come forward and said, 'I’m going to ignore the request of a woman who’s come forward, a constituent, who’s afraid, and rightfully so, and I’m going to release at least the facts of the story,' she would have, in essence, been outing Dr. Ford,\" Corbin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De León’s campaign notes his statement made clear that Ford’s anonymity should have been protected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Smith is a spokesman for the California Labor Federation, which is backing de León in the Senate race. While his group believes Feinstein acted thoughtfully in regard to the letter, Smith said they understand why de León is concerned about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it’s up to voters to decide whether those concerns are valid or not,\" he said. \"But I think certainly raising an issue like this is well within the bounds for any electoral race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless if this argument sticks or not, law professor Levinson said this is not something Feinstein wants to be dealing with right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not think that she wanted to be discussing whether she handled these accusations correctly, whether she was supportive enough for Dr. Ford,\" she said, \"and whether or not she took all the steps that she could have taken.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are questions de León will likely keep bringing up as he continues making his case to voters.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The battle over the confirmation of Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh has spilled into California’s U.S. Senate race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former state Senate leader Kevin de León has worked hard to highlight the distinctions between himself and U.S. Sen. Dianne Feinstein, both Democrats. So when news broke that Feinstein kept quiet for over a month about a letter she received from a woman claiming \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/23/650916906/kavanaugh-accuser-christine-blasey-ford-to-testify-thursday\">Kavanaugh had assaulted her\u003c/a>, de León pounced. He called Feinstein’s failure to disclose the letter a “failure of leadership.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Loyola Law School professor Jessica Levinson said de León is coming hard for Feinstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s easy to be aggressive when you’re Sen. Kevin de León and you’re facing a huge uphill battle,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the same time, Levinson said de León must walk a fine line with his message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"(He’s trying to say) even though I’m running against a woman who’s been in the Senate for a long time and has been a trailblazer in many ways, she’s simply out of touch and she doesn’t get this and she didn’t handle these accusations correctly,\" Levinson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But De León wasn’t immune to the #MeToo story. His one-time roommate, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11651298/report-finds-sen-mendoza-more-likely-than-not-sexually-harassed-women\">former state Sen. Tony Mendoza, resigned\u003c/a> following sexual harassment allegations. And women criticized de León for not doing enough to prevent and deal with sexual harassment in the state Senate while he was leading the chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Samantha Corbin, who co-founded \u003ca href=\"https://www.wesaidenough.com/home\">We Said Enough\u003c/a>, which helped lead female activists calling out sexual harassment in the state Capitol, notes Feinstein kept the letter private at the request of its author, Christine Blasey Ford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even if Dianne Feinstein had come forward and said, 'I’m going to ignore the request of a woman who’s come forward, a constituent, who’s afraid, and rightfully so, and I’m going to release at least the facts of the story,' she would have, in essence, been outing Dr. Ford,\" Corbin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>De León’s campaign notes his statement made clear that Ford’s anonymity should have been protected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Smith is a spokesman for the California Labor Federation, which is backing de León in the Senate race. While his group believes Feinstein acted thoughtfully in regard to the letter, Smith said they understand why de León is concerned about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that it’s up to voters to decide whether those concerns are valid or not,\" he said. \"But I think certainly raising an issue like this is well within the bounds for any electoral race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless if this argument sticks or not, law professor Levinson said this is not something Feinstein wants to be dealing with right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I do not think that she wanted to be discussing whether she handled these accusations correctly, whether she was supportive enough for Dr. Ford,\" she said, \"and whether or not she took all the steps that she could have taken.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are questions de León will likely keep bringing up as he continues making his case to voters.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Female staffers in the state Capitol in Sacramento on Monday showed their support for those accusing U.S. Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh of sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of women, all dressed in black, walked out of the Capitol holding signs that read “We Believe Survivors” and “Believe Women.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wesaidenough.com/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">We Said Enough\u003c/a> co-founder Samantha Corbin organized the walkout, which she says is important in preventing Kavanaugh’s confirmation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is the continued public pressure of people who are voters that will force, frankly, the hand of people in power to behave appropriately,” Corbin said. “And if we sit by idly, they will continue to behave as they have.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We Said Enough is an organization that launched last year by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11623919/enough-californias-women-in-politics-call-out-sexual-harassment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">releasing a signed letter from a bipartisan group of more than 140 of some of California’s most powerful women\u003c/a>, decrying an atmosphere of sexual harassment and assault at the state Capitol and calling for changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walkouts took place across the country as the Senate Judiciary Committee prepares to hear testimony from Kavanaugh and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/christine-blasey-ford\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Christine Blasey Ford\u003c/a>, a Palo Alto professor who has accused Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another woman, Deborah Ramirez, said Kavanaugh exposed himself to her in college. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694286/trump-calls-kavanaugh-outstanding-dismissing-latest-sexual-misconduct-allegation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kavanaugh has denied\u003c/a> the allegations from both Ford and Ramirez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maggy Krell, chief legal counsel for Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, took part in the Capitol walkout and said Kavanaugh’s confirmation process needs to be put on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the Senate needs to do a full stop, right now. They need to postpone the hearing indefinitely,” she said. “Either this nominee needs to be withdrawn or there needs to be a full-on investigation of all of these allegations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krell said this is not a normal confirmation process and shouldn’t be treated like one.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walkouts took place across the country as the Senate Judiciary Committee prepares to hear testimony from Kavanaugh and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/christine-blasey-ford\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Christine Blasey Ford\u003c/a>, a Palo Alto professor who has accused Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another woman, Deborah Ramirez, said Kavanaugh exposed himself to her in college. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11694286/trump-calls-kavanaugh-outstanding-dismissing-latest-sexual-misconduct-allegation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kavanaugh has denied\u003c/a> the allegations from both Ford and Ramirez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maggy Krell, chief legal counsel for Planned Parenthood Affiliates of California, took part in the Capitol walkout and said Kavanaugh’s confirmation process needs to be put on hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the Senate needs to do a full stop, right now. They need to postpone the hearing indefinitely,” she said. “Either this nominee needs to be withdrawn or there needs to be a full-on investigation of all of these allegations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Krell said this is not a normal confirmation process and shouldn’t be treated like one.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Christine Blasey Ford, who has accused Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her more than 30 years ago, will testify Thursday before the Senate Judiciary Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for Ford reached an agreement with committee staff on Sunday after days of negotiations over the conditions and details of her appearance. The terms of their agreement provide that Kavanaugh will also appear before the committee, but he will not be in the room while Ford is speaking or being questioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford alleges that Kavanaugh attacked her at a high school party in the 1980s when they were teenagers. She says Kavanaugh was drunk at the time and forced her onto a bed and groped her before she was able to get away. Kavanaugh strongly denies the allegations and has said he is eager to speak to the committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two sides finalized the date and time of the hearing over email. Ford's attorneys say they are still negotiating \"a number of important procedural and logistical issues.\" The lengthy talks were hampered by a disagreement over who will question Ford at the hearing, according to an email exchange obtained by NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican committee staff told Ford's attorneys that they would be unwilling to accept what they characterized as a \"demand\" that only senators be permitted to ask questions of the witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The staff wrote in one email that Grassley asked them to convey that \"the Committee determines which witnesses to call, how many witnesses to call, in what order to call them, and who will question them. These are non-negotiable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Committee staff has agreed to several additional requests from Ford and her attorneys. They agreed to limit press access to the hearing, including allowing only one television camera in the hearing room. The two sides agreed to give equal time to all senators who wish to question Ford and to allow \"adequate breaks\" during the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also agreed to increased security for Ford and Kavanaugh. Both have received death threats that have grown more intense over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Kavanaugh+Accuser+Christine+Blasey+Ford+To+Testify+Thursday&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Christine Blasey Ford, who has accused Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her more than 30 years ago, will testify Thursday before the Senate Judiciary Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for Ford reached an agreement with committee staff on Sunday after days of negotiations over the conditions and details of her appearance. The terms of their agreement provide that Kavanaugh will also appear before the committee, but he will not be in the room while Ford is speaking or being questioned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford alleges that Kavanaugh attacked her at a high school party in the 1980s when they were teenagers. She says Kavanaugh was drunk at the time and forced her onto a bed and groped her before she was able to get away. Kavanaugh strongly denies the allegations and has said he is eager to speak to the committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two sides finalized the date and time of the hearing over email. Ford's attorneys say they are still negotiating \"a number of important procedural and logistical issues.\" The lengthy talks were hampered by a disagreement over who will question Ford at the hearing, according to an email exchange obtained by NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican committee staff told Ford's attorneys that they would be unwilling to accept what they characterized as a \"demand\" that only senators be permitted to ask questions of the witnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The staff wrote in one email that Grassley asked them to convey that \"the Committee determines which witnesses to call, how many witnesses to call, in what order to call them, and who will question them. These are non-negotiable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Committee staff has agreed to several additional requests from Ford and her attorneys. They agreed to limit press access to the hearing, including allowing only one television camera in the hearing room. The two sides agreed to give equal time to all senators who wish to question Ford and to allow \"adequate breaks\" during the hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also agreed to increased security for Ford and Kavanaugh. Both have received death threats that have grown more intense over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Kavanaugh+Accuser+Christine+Blasey+Ford+To+Testify+Thursday&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Kavanaugh Accuser Christine Blasey Ford Will Testify to Senate Panel, Lawyers Say",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 9:05 p.m. ET\u003c/strong> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Blasey Ford, the woman who has accused Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh of sexual assaulting her in high school, has agreed to testify before the Senate Judiciary Committee, her attorneys said Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bipartisan negotiators have tentatively agreed to work toward a Thursday hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee with Kavanaugh and Ford, but talks continue on a final agreement, according to multiple congressional sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After multiple extensions last week, Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, gave Ford a deadline of 2:30 p.m. on Saturday to decide whether she would testify before the panel next week. If she did not comply, the committee would go ahead with a vote on Kavanaugh's nomination on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to the committee, lawyers for Ford said that while she has agreed to \"provide first-hand knowledge of Kavanaugh's sexual misconduct,\" they are disappointed \"with the leaks and bullying that have tainted the process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing and terms of the hearing are still unclear, as negotiations continue between Ford's attorneys and the Senate Judiciary Committee, but in a letter, Ford's lawyers said they were \"hopeful that we can reach agreement on details.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email also indicated that Michael R. Bromwich, former inspector general of the Justice Department, has joined Ford's team of lawyers. Bromwich currently represents former FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe, who was fired earlier this year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford alleges Kavanaugh groped her and tried to forcibly remove her clothes during a house party in Bethesda, Md., in the early 1980s. Kavanaugh has denied the allegation and said he would appear before the committee next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Brett Kavanaugh has been clear from the beginning—he categorically and unequivocally denies this allegation and is eager to testify publicly to defend his integrity and clear his good name,\" White House spokesperson Kerri Kupec said in a statement. \"On Monday, Brett Kavanaugh met with Committee counsels to answer questions subject to criminal penalties and offered to testify publicly Tuesday morning. Since then, we have heard about different dates, conditions, and ever changing schedules, but today we appear no closer to a fair hearing. But one thing has remained consistent: Brett Kavanaugh remains ready, willing and eager to testify as soon as possible.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Saturday deadline approached, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/supreme-court/spokesman-gop-kavanaugh-nomination-resigns-has-been-accused-harassment-past-n912156\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NBC News reported\u003c/a> that Garrett Ventry, a communications aide on the Senate Judiciary Committee who had been helping lead the response to Ford's claim against Kavanaugh, was stepping down after evidence surfaced that he was fired from a previous job partly because of sexual harassment allegations against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ventry denied any past \"allegations of misconduct,\" according to NBC News.\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/grassley-adviser-resigns-after-sexual-harassment-accusation/2018/09/22/f8f93fb6-be73-11e8-be70-52bd11fe18af_story.html?utm_term=.db11d68816c3\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> He told The Washington Post\u003c/a> that he resigned \"in order to not be a distraction\" as Republicans in the Senate continue to work on getting Kavanaugh confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This abrupt resignation is one more point in the chaotic timeline of Kavanaugh's confirmation struggle. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Kavanaugh+Accuser+Christine+Blasey+Ford+Will+Testify+To+Senate+Panel%2C+Lawyers+Say&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 9:05 p.m. ET\u003c/strong> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Blasey Ford, the woman who has accused Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh of sexual assaulting her in high school, has agreed to testify before the Senate Judiciary Committee, her attorneys said Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bipartisan negotiators have tentatively agreed to work toward a Thursday hearing before the Senate Judiciary Committee with Kavanaugh and Ford, but talks continue on a final agreement, according to multiple congressional sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After multiple extensions last week, Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, gave Ford a deadline of 2:30 p.m. on Saturday to decide whether she would testify before the panel next week. If she did not comply, the committee would go ahead with a vote on Kavanaugh's nomination on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email to the committee, lawyers for Ford said that while she has agreed to \"provide first-hand knowledge of Kavanaugh's sexual misconduct,\" they are disappointed \"with the leaks and bullying that have tainted the process.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The timing and terms of the hearing are still unclear, as negotiations continue between Ford's attorneys and the Senate Judiciary Committee, but in a letter, Ford's lawyers said they were \"hopeful that we can reach agreement on details.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The email also indicated that Michael R. Bromwich, former inspector general of the Justice Department, has joined Ford's team of lawyers. Bromwich currently represents former FBI Deputy Director Andrew McCabe, who was fired earlier this year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford alleges Kavanaugh groped her and tried to forcibly remove her clothes during a house party in Bethesda, Md., in the early 1980s. Kavanaugh has denied the allegation and said he would appear before the committee next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Brett Kavanaugh has been clear from the beginning—he categorically and unequivocally denies this allegation and is eager to testify publicly to defend his integrity and clear his good name,\" White House spokesperson Kerri Kupec said in a statement. \"On Monday, Brett Kavanaugh met with Committee counsels to answer questions subject to criminal penalties and offered to testify publicly Tuesday morning. Since then, we have heard about different dates, conditions, and ever changing schedules, but today we appear no closer to a fair hearing. But one thing has remained consistent: Brett Kavanaugh remains ready, willing and eager to testify as soon as possible.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Saturday deadline approached, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/supreme-court/spokesman-gop-kavanaugh-nomination-resigns-has-been-accused-harassment-past-n912156\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NBC News reported\u003c/a> that Garrett Ventry, a communications aide on the Senate Judiciary Committee who had been helping lead the response to Ford's claim against Kavanaugh, was stepping down after evidence surfaced that he was fired from a previous job partly because of sexual harassment allegations against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ventry denied any past \"allegations of misconduct,\" according to NBC News.\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/grassley-adviser-resigns-after-sexual-harassment-accusation/2018/09/22/f8f93fb6-be73-11e8-be70-52bd11fe18af_story.html?utm_term=.db11d68816c3\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> He told The Washington Post\u003c/a> that he resigned \"in order to not be a distraction\" as Republicans in the Senate continue to work on getting Kavanaugh confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This abrupt resignation is one more point in the chaotic timeline of Kavanaugh's confirmation struggle. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Kavanaugh+Accuser+Christine+Blasey+Ford+Will+Testify+To+Senate+Panel%2C+Lawyers+Say&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Kavanaugh Accuser Rejects 'Arbitrary' Ultimatum Regarding Testimony, Gets More Time",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated Saturday 8:53 p.m. PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Blasey Ford, who has accused Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh of sexual assault when they were in high school, rejected an ultimatum given by Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley had called for Ford’s attorneys to respond by 10 p.m. ET Friday to a request for her to testify before the panel next week. If they did not reply, Grassley said, the committee would move ahead with a vote on Kavanaugh’s nomination on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attorney for Ford called the deadline “arbitrary” and asked that Ford be granted an additional day to consider her options. “[The deadline’s] sole purpose is to bully Dr. Ford and deprive her of the ability to make a considered decision that has life-altering implications for her and her family,” attorney Debra Katz wrote in an email to the committee’s Republican staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly before midnight, Grassley tweeted that he had \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ChuckGrassley/status/1043344767684366336\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">granted an extension\u003c/a>, telling Ford he wants to hear her testimony. He directly addressed Kavanaugh in a tweet, too, saying, “I hope u understand. It’s not my normal approach to b indecisive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ChuckGrassley/status/1043348132657025025\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ChuckGrassley/status/1043341000989712384\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/ChuckGrassley/status/1043344767684366336\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee has asked Ford to testify about her allegation on Wednesday, Sept. 26. Ford’s lawyers and Senate Democrats have pressed for more time, arguing the hearing should take place next Thursday, among other conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a series of tweets earlier Friday, Trump cast doubt on Ford’s charge, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043126336473055235\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">mentioning her by name for the first time\u003c/a>: “I have no doubt that, if the attack on Dr. Ford was as bad as she says, charges would have been immediately filed with local Law Enforcement Authorities by either her or her loving parents. I ask that she bring those filings forward so that we can learn date, time, and place!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043126336473055235\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, according to Department of Justice statistics, as of 2016 only 23 percent of rapes or sexual assaults were reported to the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> host Mary Louise Kelly, Kirsten Leimroth, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/21/650508344/friend-of-christine-blasey-ford-says-she-struggled-months-before-she-came-forwar\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a close friend of Ford’s\u003c/a>, said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“I know a lot of people that things like this have happened to and they don’t talk about it. You’re embarrassed and ashamed and you don’t think people will believe you. So I don’t think someone will believe you … I don’t think it’s unusual at all that she didn’t tell anyone back them. She did … tell a therapist several years ago, and I know that was one of the things this summer, she was waiting to get a hold of them to see if they had written it down, because she wanted something to back up that she wasn’t just making up the story right now. And so I know she was glad that the therapist did have notes on that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043130170612244481\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">In another tweet\u003c/a>, Trump said that “radical left lawyers want the FBI to get involved NOW. Why didn’t someone call the FBI 36 years ago?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043130170612244481\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s tweets follow \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4OjEksiJA4\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">an interview\u003c/a> he gave to Fox’s Sean Hannity on Thursday night in Las Vegas, where he appeared at a rally, in which the president first questioned why the FBI hadn’t been called at the time of the alleged assault (which would likely have been handled by local law enforcement).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You say, why didn’t somebody call the FBI 36 years ago?” Trump asked. “I mean, you could also say when did this all happen, what is going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To take a man like this and besmirch — now, with that being said, let her have her say and let’s see how it all works out. But I don’t think you can delay it any longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an appearance in Portland on Friday, Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressherald.com/2018/09/21/collins-appalled-by-trumps-tweet-criticizing-kavanaugh-accuser/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">said she was appalled\u003c/a> by Trump’s tweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First of all, we know that allegations of sexual assault – I’m not saying that’s what happened in this case – but we know allegations of sexual assault are one of the most unreported crimes that exist. So I thought that the president’s tweet was completely inappropriate and wrong,” Collins said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4OjEksiJA4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s tweets came amid ongoing negotiations over whether and how Ford and Kavanaugh might testify before the Judiciary Committee. The committee initially scheduled a hearing for Monday and had invited Kavanaugh and Ford to testify. In a letter to the committee, Ford’s lawyers said that she would be open to appearing before the panel, but that an appearance Monday “was not possible.” Ford’s lawyers and Democrats on the panel want the FBI to investigate the charges, a move Grassley and other Republicans have dismissed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford does not want Kavanaugh in the room when she testifies, and her team does not want an outside questioner on the Republican side to be brought in, a source in Ford’s camp tells NPR’s Nina Totenberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Grassley’s camp agreed to the demand that Kavanaugh not be in the committee room, but rejected her request to only allow senators to question the two witnesses, saying it was within committee rules to permit staff attorneys to conduct the questioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley’s Friday night letter to Ford’s attorneys setting a deadline also rejected two key requests discussed in a conference call with committee staff from both parties on Thursday: to have Kavanaugh testify first and for the committee to subpoena other witnesses like Mark Judge. Ford alleges Judge was there at the time the incident took place when they were in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford says that Kavanaugh groped her and tried to forcibly remove her clothes during a house party in Bethesda, Md., in the early 1980s. Kavanaugh has denied the accusation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another tweet Friday morning, Trump called Kavanaugh “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043121858797686785\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a fine man\u003c/a>,” who he said is under assault “by radical left wing politicians who don’t want to know the answers, they just want to destroy and delay.” Trump continued, “I go through this with them ever single day in D.C.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043121858797686785\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., speaking to conservative activists at the Value Voters Summit in Washington on Friday morning, expressed confidence Kavanaugh would be confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve watched the fight. You’ve watched the tactics. Here’s what I want to tell you: In the very near future, Judge Kavanaugh will be on the United States Supreme Court,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also lashed out at Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., in \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043160312315146240\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">his fourth tweet on the Kavanaugh nomination Friday\u003c/a>, renewing his accusation that Feinstein and and Democrats held a letter from Ford in which she first raised the accusation against Kavanaugh “only to release it with a bang after the hearings were OVER,” which Trump asserted was “done very purposefully to Obstruct & Resist & Delay.” Trump continued, “let her testify, or not, and TAKE THE VOTE!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043160312315146240\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feinstein tweeted this week that Ford had sought confidentiality and “I honored that. It wasn’t until the media outed her that she decided to come forward.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated Saturday 8:53 p.m. PT\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Christine Blasey Ford, who has accused Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh of sexual assault when they were in high school, rejected an ultimatum given by Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley had called for Ford’s attorneys to respond by 10 p.m. ET Friday to a request for her to testify before the panel next week. If they did not reply, Grassley said, the committee would move ahead with a vote on Kavanaugh’s nomination on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An attorney for Ford called the deadline “arbitrary” and asked that Ford be granted an additional day to consider her options. “[The deadline’s] sole purpose is to bully Dr. Ford and deprive her of the ability to make a considered decision that has life-altering implications for her and her family,” attorney Debra Katz wrote in an email to the committee’s Republican staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly before midnight, Grassley tweeted that he had \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/ChuckGrassley/status/1043344767684366336\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">granted an extension\u003c/a>, telling Ford he wants to hear her testimony. He directly addressed Kavanaugh in a tweet, too, saying, “I hope u understand. It’s not my normal approach to b indecisive.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The committee has asked Ford to testify about her allegation on Wednesday, Sept. 26. Ford’s lawyers and Senate Democrats have pressed for more time, arguing the hearing should take place next Thursday, among other conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a series of tweets earlier Friday, Trump cast doubt on Ford’s charge, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043126336473055235\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">mentioning her by name for the first time\u003c/a>: “I have no doubt that, if the attack on Dr. Ford was as bad as she says, charges would have been immediately filed with local Law Enforcement Authorities by either her or her loving parents. I ask that she bring those filings forward so that we can learn date, time, and place!”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>In fact, according to Department of Justice statistics, as of 2016 only 23 percent of rapes or sexual assaults were reported to the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> host Mary Louise Kelly, Kirsten Leimroth, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/21/650508344/friend-of-christine-blasey-ford-says-she-struggled-months-before-she-came-forwar\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a close friend of Ford’s\u003c/a>, said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“I know a lot of people that things like this have happened to and they don’t talk about it. You’re embarrassed and ashamed and you don’t think people will believe you. So I don’t think someone will believe you … I don’t think it’s unusual at all that she didn’t tell anyone back them. She did … tell a therapist several years ago, and I know that was one of the things this summer, she was waiting to get a hold of them to see if they had written it down, because she wanted something to back up that she wasn’t just making up the story right now. And so I know she was glad that the therapist did have notes on that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043130170612244481\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">In another tweet\u003c/a>, Trump said that “radical left lawyers want the FBI to get involved NOW. Why didn’t someone call the FBI 36 years ago?”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Trump’s tweets follow \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4OjEksiJA4\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">an interview\u003c/a> he gave to Fox’s Sean Hannity on Thursday night in Las Vegas, where he appeared at a rally, in which the president first questioned why the FBI hadn’t been called at the time of the alleged assault (which would likely have been handled by local law enforcement).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You say, why didn’t somebody call the FBI 36 years ago?” Trump asked. “I mean, you could also say when did this all happen, what is going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To take a man like this and besmirch — now, with that being said, let her have her say and let’s see how it all works out. But I don’t think you can delay it any longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an appearance in Portland on Friday, Sen. Susan Collins, R-Maine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pressherald.com/2018/09/21/collins-appalled-by-trumps-tweet-criticizing-kavanaugh-accuser/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">said she was appalled\u003c/a> by Trump’s tweet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“First of all, we know that allegations of sexual assault – I’m not saying that’s what happened in this case – but we know allegations of sexual assault are one of the most unreported crimes that exist. So I thought that the president’s tweet was completely inappropriate and wrong,” Collins said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/R4OjEksiJA4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/R4OjEksiJA4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Trump’s tweets came amid ongoing negotiations over whether and how Ford and Kavanaugh might testify before the Judiciary Committee. The committee initially scheduled a hearing for Monday and had invited Kavanaugh and Ford to testify. In a letter to the committee, Ford’s lawyers said that she would be open to appearing before the panel, but that an appearance Monday “was not possible.” Ford’s lawyers and Democrats on the panel want the FBI to investigate the charges, a move Grassley and other Republicans have dismissed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford does not want Kavanaugh in the room when she testifies, and her team does not want an outside questioner on the Republican side to be brought in, a source in Ford’s camp tells NPR’s Nina Totenberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, Grassley’s camp agreed to the demand that Kavanaugh not be in the committee room, but rejected her request to only allow senators to question the two witnesses, saying it was within committee rules to permit staff attorneys to conduct the questioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley’s Friday night letter to Ford’s attorneys setting a deadline also rejected two key requests discussed in a conference call with committee staff from both parties on Thursday: to have Kavanaugh testify first and for the committee to subpoena other witnesses like Mark Judge. Ford alleges Judge was there at the time the incident took place when they were in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford says that Kavanaugh groped her and tried to forcibly remove her clothes during a house party in Bethesda, Md., in the early 1980s. Kavanaugh has denied the accusation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another tweet Friday morning, Trump called Kavanaugh “\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043121858797686785\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a fine man\u003c/a>,” who he said is under assault “by radical left wing politicians who don’t want to know the answers, they just want to destroy and delay.” Trump continued, “I go through this with them ever single day in D.C.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., speaking to conservative activists at the Value Voters Summit in Washington on Friday morning, expressed confidence Kavanaugh would be confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve watched the fight. You’ve watched the tactics. Here’s what I want to tell you: In the very near future, Judge Kavanaugh will be on the United States Supreme Court,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump also lashed out at Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., in \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1043160312315146240\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">his fourth tweet on the Kavanaugh nomination Friday\u003c/a>, renewing his accusation that Feinstein and and Democrats held a letter from Ford in which she first raised the accusation against Kavanaugh “only to release it with a bang after the hearings were OVER,” which Trump asserted was “done very purposefully to Obstruct & Resist & Delay.” Trump continued, “let her testify, or not, and TAKE THE VOTE!”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Feinstein tweeted this week that Ford had sought confidentiality and “I honored that. It wasn’t until the media outed her that she decided to come forward.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Politics aside, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/how-the-sexual-assault-accusation-against-kavanaugh-unfolded-in-one-timeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual assault allegation\u003c/a> against Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh has raised questions — and misconceptions — about adolescent development, the teenage brain and how we remember traumatic events.[contextly_sidebar id=\"oVwS9sAVwJuJIuPB30rT7TxJBIWVcbC9\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One: “Boys will be boys,” or the idea that teenagers can’t help but follow their impulses. \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2018/09/16/what-kavanaugh-did-teen-irrelevant-so-whether-hes-nice/1328274002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In USA Today,\u003c/a> education professor Jonathan Zimmerman wrote that “Of course [Kavanaugh] was different then; he was a third of the age he is now. And teens do stupid, dangerous and destructive things.” Law journalist Emily Bazelon of New York Times Magazine \u003ca href=\"https://art19.com/shows/today-explained/episodes/29d28815-9a41-43af-9430-1d102f3f5920\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a> that “we know the adolescent brain is still developing, and teenagers on average aren’t super good at impulse control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another centers around what Christine Blasey Ford, who accused Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her while the two were teenagers, remembered. Fox News’ Tucker Carlson said Tuesday that “Human memory is notoriously unreliable, especially over time” and Vox’s Alvin Chang echoed “To be clear, Carlson’s point isn’t entirely off-base. Research shows that our \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/4/20/17109764/deepfake-ai-false-memory-psychology-mandela-effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">memory is pretty bad\u003c/a>, which is why most of us probably don’t remember a drunken night last month, much less 36 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These characterizations oversimplify how the teenage brain and memories work, particularly when it comes to sexual trauma, according to four neuroscientists and three criminologists who spoke with the PBS NewsHour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it is tempting to write off sexual aggression as an unfortunate consequence of adolescent impulsivity, in reality, risky behaviors like sexual assault involve brain capabilities that are established before and after our teenage years. Moreover, the company we keep plays as big a role in sexual assault as impulses. And traumatic memories tend to last for the survivors, no matter the age they are when an incident occurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what science tells us know about teenagers, sexual assault and remembering trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: Only certain kinds of people commit sexual assault\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: There’s really no typical profile for a sexual assaulter because so few cases are reported.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 750,000 people \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv14.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were raped and sexually assaulted in 2015 and 2016\u003c/a>, but only 37 percent of these cases were reported to the police, according to the National Crime Victimization Survey. This limits our understanding of who commits sexual assault and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unlike other types of criminal offenders, those who commit sexual offenses can be very varied,” said Elizabeth Jeglic, a clinical psychologist at John Jay College of Criminal Justice. “We see people in the Catholic Church. We see doctors, we see lawyers but we also see people who have less education. It’s across the board, across socioeconomic status, across race and ethnicity.”[contextly_sidebar id=\"LN4oM3H9IgZZNB6Oa5vxQB6txCbEDXeZ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>General patterns do emerge:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Men commit \u003ca href=\"https://bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/SOO.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">90 to 95 percent\u003c/a> of sexual assaults.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ovc.ncjrs.gov/sartkit/about/about-sa-notes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Most of the perpetrators are white \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The overwhelming majority of these cases involve men attacking women, though \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/11/the-understudied-female-sexual-predator/503492/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">male-on-male and female-on-male sex crimes\u003c/a> are common, too.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Data also shows sexual assault disproportionately affects youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Younger persons are more likely to be both offenders and victims of crime, including rape and sexual assault,” said Janet L. Lauritsen, a criminology and criminal justice professor at University of Missouri – St. Louis. “Adolescents — ages 12 to 17 — have slightly higher [sexual victimization] rates than 18 to 34 year old. The risks are about eight to nine times greater for women under age 34 than for women ages 50 and above.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These sexual offenses begin to spike right as men head to college. Once puberty begins around the age of 10, the rate of arrests for rape begins to steadily rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On average, 18.5 per 100,000 males aged 10 to 17 are arrested for rape, according to data provided to the PBS NewsHour by the Bureau of Justice Statistics. For college-aged men, this figure nearly doubles to 32.9 per 100,000, but arrests drop off as males reach their mid- to late-20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These trends in sexual offenses parallel key stages in mental development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: The teenage brain is underdeveloped and reckless\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: Impulsivity is a tendency with adolescence, not an absolute. Young children and teenagers can make rational decisions and exhibit impulse control.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Self-control, regardless of age, involves a balance between rational decision-making and our desires for rewards like sex, food and emotional fulfillment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These exist in two separate parts of the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primal part of the brain that handles emotions, impulses and aggression resides toward the back of our heads, near our ears. Our decision-making centers — for controlling impulses, planning and organization and judging consequences — live right behind the forehead in the frontal lobes, namely, the prefrontal cortex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How we balance the two depends on how our brains build their wiring. This happens as soon as we’re born and lasts through about age 30. When we’re born, our brains are messy. We have more neurons (nerve cells) than we need to survive and an overabundance of communication lines between those cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During childhood and adolescence, our minds constantly rewire — pruning and rebuilding connections — through a process called synaptic plasticity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the building blocks for synaptic plasticity are set at higher levels in the childhood and adolescent brain than they will be in adults,” said Frances Jensen, chair of neurology department at the University of Pennsylvania and co-author of \u003ca href=\"https://www.harpercollins.com/9780062067869/the-teenage-brain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Teenage Brain: A Neuroscientist’s Survival Guide to Raising Adolescents and Young Adults\u003c/a>. “That’s why adolescents and children can learn things much more rapidly than adults.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our primal areas become fully wired before the ones made for rational thinking. That’s because some of the messages sent between neurons must travel long distances across paths coated in a fatty substance called myelin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process starts in the back of the brain, with the emotions; myelin development here wraps up by early adolescence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Mapping-brain-maturation-and-cognitive-development-Paus/45c4a3f12f1bdceb150875be7a8c66488310cd32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Frontal lobes lag behind\u003c/a>, which means the paths that carry decision-making skills don’t catch up until your late 20s. Some studies show the parts of the brain controlling emotionality, sexuality and risk-reward are turned on twice as much in teenagers compared to adults exposed to the same experience, Jensen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, teenagers can be quick to react emotionally and to seek instant gratification — because those parts of their brains are operating at a faster speed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is why adolescents can become addicted to all manner of things — opioids, cannabis videogames,” Jensen said. “Addiction is just another form of plasticity, except with your reward circuit. They are more rapidly hardwiring themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tendency to overvalue rewards and emotions continues until the frontal lobes catch up, plug into the primal brain and suppress these reactions. Girls grow out of these habits about two years, on average, before boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, that’s why teenagers often get cast as unruly louts, whose actions are ruled by their impulsive choices. But that’s not the whole story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People often talk about adolescence as if we do not have the cognitive ability to decide what is right and wrong or to control our behaviors. This is not true. It’s too simplistic,” said Tomas Paus, director of the population neuroscience and developmental neuroimaging program at the Bloorview Research Institute in Toronto. “By the age of 12 or 13, our brains are pretty mature. There is no hardcore evidence that young people completely lack impulse control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: Sexual assault is driven largely by impulses.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: Peer pressure serves as one of the most powerful determinants of sexual assault, said Walter DeKeseredy, a sociologist and the director of the Research Center on Violence at West Virginia University.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we find with college students is that those who are most likely to sexually assault women have friends who encourage that and friends who do it,” DeKeseredy said. “If men in these groups feel that they’re not getting as much sex as their friends, then they’re more likely to engage in sexual aggression so that they could live up to their peers’ expectations.”[contextly_sidebar id=\"UGfNM1LxoY5BttEBSH2MEuVdPGl56a1H\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This concept becomes apparent when you consider how teenagers behave under peer pressure. Our brains are continually shaped — from childhood to adulthood — by our social enclave, Paus said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behavioral experiments show if a teenager is sitting alone in a room, they’re much less likely to take risks than if they are in the presence of their peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s something about being around your peers during adolescence that changes the way your brain works,” said Laurence Steinberg, a psychologist at Temple University who led the work behind this discovery. Using brain scans, his team found the sway of peer pressure fades as people age into adulthood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This pattern means the adolescent brain can decide between right and wrong. They can choose to suppress their impulses in the right context, Paus said. Teenage girls go through the same evolution of their primal brains, emotions and impulses as boys — but are far less likely to commit sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeKeseredy argued that sexual assault has more ties to power and control than impulsivity. Psychological tests show individuals with histories of rape tend to struggle with impulse control, but not everybody who commits rape has an impulse control problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeglic and Steinberg agreed, citing that a large number of rapes are premeditated. About 90 percent of sexually assaults involve people who already knew each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: Our memories are fickle, so we cannot trust ones from long ago.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: Every time you recall a traumatic memory, its details get stronger.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our memories guide how we behave in the future. When we encounter a welcoming person or place, we build memories to lead us back there. In contrast, if something hurts us — like the first time we burn our hands on a stove — we remember to avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traumatic experiences take normal memory formation to another level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any experience that threatens our survival is remembered and recorded very fast,” said Jacek Debiec, a psychiatrist and neuroscientist at the University of Michigan who studies traumatic memories and how their stored in the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans typically need repetition to learn and remember. But traumatic memories can form after a single, life-threatening event because, from an evolutionary perspective, your brain may have only one chance to capture it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this reason, traumatic memories last our whole lives and are vivid — filled with details like sounds, scents and sights. Traumatic memories are reinforced by our brain’s fear center — the amygdala — as well as by stress hormones like cortisol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But memories aren’t static — in the short-term or in the long-term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the immediate hours after we make a memory, it is unstable and vulnerable to editing. Once this window of opportunity passes, our memories become more lasting and persistent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recalling an event after days, months or years can also open the door to memory editing due to phenomena called reactivation and reconsolidation. Tucker Carlson and Alvin Chang hint at these processes in their commentaries — but leave out a crucial exception:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recalling a traumatic memory typically strengthens it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our experiments, when the traumatic memories are activated, there is an associated arousal and higher levels of norepinephrine, which mediates arousal,” Debiec said. “Then these traumatic memories are strengthened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When editing does occur, it tends to only influence peripheral details — like what an attacker was wearing. Central aspects surrounding an event, namely ones with emotional significance — like the people involved and the mode attack — stay consistent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens to memory formation when a person is drunk?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blasey Ford said she had one beer the night of incident but alleges that Kavanaugh and Judge were heavily intoxicated. (Kavanaugh has “categorically and unequivocally” denied the allegation of sexual assault altogether). Large amounts of alcohol can block memory formation, Debiec said, but if a person is able to remember details that accompany the event, then it’s likely the alcohol didn’t distort the original memory\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The traumatic memories are biologically privileged,” Debiec said. “Unlearning trauma takes much more time and effort, and it probably never could be fully complete.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Politics aside, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/how-the-sexual-assault-accusation-against-kavanaugh-unfolded-in-one-timeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sexual assault allegation\u003c/a> against Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh has raised questions — and misconceptions — about adolescent development, the teenage brain and how we remember traumatic events.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One: “Boys will be boys,” or the idea that teenagers can’t help but follow their impulses. \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2018/09/16/what-kavanaugh-did-teen-irrelevant-so-whether-hes-nice/1328274002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In USA Today,\u003c/a> education professor Jonathan Zimmerman wrote that “Of course [Kavanaugh] was different then; he was a third of the age he is now. And teens do stupid, dangerous and destructive things.” Law journalist Emily Bazelon of New York Times Magazine \u003ca href=\"https://art19.com/shows/today-explained/episodes/29d28815-9a41-43af-9430-1d102f3f5920\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a> that “we know the adolescent brain is still developing, and teenagers on average aren’t super good at impulse control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another centers around what Christine Blasey Ford, who accused Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her while the two were teenagers, remembered. Fox News’ Tucker Carlson said Tuesday that “Human memory is notoriously unreliable, especially over time” and Vox’s Alvin Chang echoed “To be clear, Carlson’s point isn’t entirely off-base. Research shows that our \u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/4/20/17109764/deepfake-ai-false-memory-psychology-mandela-effect\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">memory is pretty bad\u003c/a>, which is why most of us probably don’t remember a drunken night last month, much less 36 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These characterizations oversimplify how the teenage brain and memories work, particularly when it comes to sexual trauma, according to four neuroscientists and three criminologists who spoke with the PBS NewsHour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it is tempting to write off sexual aggression as an unfortunate consequence of adolescent impulsivity, in reality, risky behaviors like sexual assault involve brain capabilities that are established before and after our teenage years. Moreover, the company we keep plays as big a role in sexual assault as impulses. And traumatic memories tend to last for the survivors, no matter the age they are when an incident occurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s what science tells us know about teenagers, sexual assault and remembering trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: Only certain kinds of people commit sexual assault\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: There’s really no typical profile for a sexual assaulter because so few cases are reported.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 750,000 people \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/cv14.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">were raped and sexually assaulted in 2015 and 2016\u003c/a>, but only 37 percent of these cases were reported to the police, according to the National Crime Victimization Survey. This limits our understanding of who commits sexual assault and why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unlike other types of criminal offenders, those who commit sexual offenses can be very varied,” said Elizabeth Jeglic, a clinical psychologist at John Jay College of Criminal Justice. “We see people in the Catholic Church. We see doctors, we see lawyers but we also see people who have less education. It’s across the board, across socioeconomic status, across race and ethnicity.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>General patterns do emerge:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Men commit \u003ca href=\"https://bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/SOO.PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">90 to 95 percent\u003c/a> of sexual assaults.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ovc.ncjrs.gov/sartkit/about/about-sa-notes.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Most of the perpetrators are white \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The overwhelming majority of these cases involve men attacking women, though \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/11/the-understudied-female-sexual-predator/503492/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">male-on-male and female-on-male sex crimes\u003c/a> are common, too.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Data also shows sexual assault disproportionately affects youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Younger persons are more likely to be both offenders and victims of crime, including rape and sexual assault,” said Janet L. Lauritsen, a criminology and criminal justice professor at University of Missouri – St. Louis. “Adolescents — ages 12 to 17 — have slightly higher [sexual victimization] rates than 18 to 34 year old. The risks are about eight to nine times greater for women under age 34 than for women ages 50 and above.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These sexual offenses begin to spike right as men head to college. Once puberty begins around the age of 10, the rate of arrests for rape begins to steadily rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On average, 18.5 per 100,000 males aged 10 to 17 are arrested for rape, according to data provided to the PBS NewsHour by the Bureau of Justice Statistics. For college-aged men, this figure nearly doubles to 32.9 per 100,000, but arrests drop off as males reach their mid- to late-20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These trends in sexual offenses parallel key stages in mental development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: The teenage brain is underdeveloped and reckless\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: Impulsivity is a tendency with adolescence, not an absolute. Young children and teenagers can make rational decisions and exhibit impulse control.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Self-control, regardless of age, involves a balance between rational decision-making and our desires for rewards like sex, food and emotional fulfillment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These exist in two separate parts of the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The primal part of the brain that handles emotions, impulses and aggression resides toward the back of our heads, near our ears. Our decision-making centers — for controlling impulses, planning and organization and judging consequences — live right behind the forehead in the frontal lobes, namely, the prefrontal cortex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How we balance the two depends on how our brains build their wiring. This happens as soon as we’re born and lasts through about age 30. When we’re born, our brains are messy. We have more neurons (nerve cells) than we need to survive and an overabundance of communication lines between those cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During childhood and adolescence, our minds constantly rewire — pruning and rebuilding connections — through a process called synaptic plasticity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the building blocks for synaptic plasticity are set at higher levels in the childhood and adolescent brain than they will be in adults,” said Frances Jensen, chair of neurology department at the University of Pennsylvania and co-author of \u003ca href=\"https://www.harpercollins.com/9780062067869/the-teenage-brain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Teenage Brain: A Neuroscientist’s Survival Guide to Raising Adolescents and Young Adults\u003c/a>. “That’s why adolescents and children can learn things much more rapidly than adults.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our primal areas become fully wired before the ones made for rational thinking. That’s because some of the messages sent between neurons must travel long distances across paths coated in a fatty substance called myelin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process starts in the back of the brain, with the emotions; myelin development here wraps up by early adolescence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Mapping-brain-maturation-and-cognitive-development-Paus/45c4a3f12f1bdceb150875be7a8c66488310cd32\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Frontal lobes lag behind\u003c/a>, which means the paths that carry decision-making skills don’t catch up until your late 20s. Some studies show the parts of the brain controlling emotionality, sexuality and risk-reward are turned on twice as much in teenagers compared to adults exposed to the same experience, Jensen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, teenagers can be quick to react emotionally and to seek instant gratification — because those parts of their brains are operating at a faster speed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is why adolescents can become addicted to all manner of things — opioids, cannabis videogames,” Jensen said. “Addiction is just another form of plasticity, except with your reward circuit. They are more rapidly hardwiring themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tendency to overvalue rewards and emotions continues until the frontal lobes catch up, plug into the primal brain and suppress these reactions. Girls grow out of these habits about two years, on average, before boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, that’s why teenagers often get cast as unruly louts, whose actions are ruled by their impulsive choices. But that’s not the whole story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People often talk about adolescence as if we do not have the cognitive ability to decide what is right and wrong or to control our behaviors. This is not true. It’s too simplistic,” said Tomas Paus, director of the population neuroscience and developmental neuroimaging program at the Bloorview Research Institute in Toronto. “By the age of 12 or 13, our brains are pretty mature. There is no hardcore evidence that young people completely lack impulse control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: Sexual assault is driven largely by impulses.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: Peer pressure serves as one of the most powerful determinants of sexual assault, said Walter DeKeseredy, a sociologist and the director of the Research Center on Violence at West Virginia University.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we find with college students is that those who are most likely to sexually assault women have friends who encourage that and friends who do it,” DeKeseredy said. “If men in these groups feel that they’re not getting as much sex as their friends, then they’re more likely to engage in sexual aggression so that they could live up to their peers’ expectations.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This concept becomes apparent when you consider how teenagers behave under peer pressure. Our brains are continually shaped — from childhood to adulthood — by our social enclave, Paus said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behavioral experiments show if a teenager is sitting alone in a room, they’re much less likely to take risks than if they are in the presence of their peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s something about being around your peers during adolescence that changes the way your brain works,” said Laurence Steinberg, a psychologist at Temple University who led the work behind this discovery. Using brain scans, his team found the sway of peer pressure fades as people age into adulthood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This pattern means the adolescent brain can decide between right and wrong. They can choose to suppress their impulses in the right context, Paus said. Teenage girls go through the same evolution of their primal brains, emotions and impulses as boys — but are far less likely to commit sexual assault.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeKeseredy argued that sexual assault has more ties to power and control than impulsivity. Psychological tests show individuals with histories of rape tend to struggle with impulse control, but not everybody who commits rape has an impulse control problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jeglic and Steinberg agreed, citing that a large number of rapes are premeditated. About 90 percent of sexually assaults involve people who already knew each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Myth: Our memories are fickle, so we cannot trust ones from long ago.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fact: Every time you recall a traumatic memory, its details get stronger.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our memories guide how we behave in the future. When we encounter a welcoming person or place, we build memories to lead us back there. In contrast, if something hurts us — like the first time we burn our hands on a stove — we remember to avoid it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Traumatic experiences take normal memory formation to another level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any experience that threatens our survival is remembered and recorded very fast,” said Jacek Debiec, a psychiatrist and neuroscientist at the University of Michigan who studies traumatic memories and how their stored in the brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humans typically need repetition to learn and remember. But traumatic memories can form after a single, life-threatening event because, from an evolutionary perspective, your brain may have only one chance to capture it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this reason, traumatic memories last our whole lives and are vivid — filled with details like sounds, scents and sights. Traumatic memories are reinforced by our brain’s fear center — the amygdala — as well as by stress hormones like cortisol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But memories aren’t static — in the short-term or in the long-term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the immediate hours after we make a memory, it is unstable and vulnerable to editing. Once this window of opportunity passes, our memories become more lasting and persistent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recalling an event after days, months or years can also open the door to memory editing due to phenomena called reactivation and reconsolidation. Tucker Carlson and Alvin Chang hint at these processes in their commentaries — but leave out a crucial exception:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recalling a traumatic memory typically strengthens it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our experiments, when the traumatic memories are activated, there is an associated arousal and higher levels of norepinephrine, which mediates arousal,” Debiec said. “Then these traumatic memories are strengthened.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When editing does occur, it tends to only influence peripheral details — like what an attacker was wearing. Central aspects surrounding an event, namely ones with emotional significance — like the people involved and the mode attack — stay consistent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What happens to memory formation when a person is drunk?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blasey Ford said she had one beer the night of incident but alleges that Kavanaugh and Judge were heavily intoxicated. (Kavanaugh has “categorically and unequivocally” denied the allegation of sexual assault altogether). Large amounts of alcohol can block memory formation, Debiec said, but if a person is able to remember details that accompany the event, then it’s likely the alcohol didn’t distort the original memory\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 8:20 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for Christine Blasey Ford, the woman who accused Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her at a high school party in the 1980s, have begun discussing terms of her appearance before the Senate Judiciary Committee next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wishes to testify, provided that we can agree on terms that are fair and which ensure her safety,” Debra Katz, Ford’s lawyer says in an email to committee aides first reported in the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> and confirmed by NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, set a Friday deadline for Ford to respond to the committee in advance of a hearing he scheduled for Monday. Kavanaugh, who has strongly denied the claims, has already agreed to appear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Katz says that a Monday hearing “is not possible and the committee’s insistence that it occur then is arbitrary in any event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley was forced to postpone a planned committee vote on Kavanaugh’s nomination scheduled for Sept. 20 after Democrats and some of his GOP colleagues demanded the committee investigate the allegations. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/649960272/650052895\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford initially sent the top Democrat on the panel, California Sen. Dianne Feinstein, a letter requesting anonymity in July. But when word leaked out that Feinstein had some information about an allegation regarding Kavanaugh, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/california-professor-writer-of-confidential-brett-kavanaugh-letter-speaks-out-about-her-allegation-of-sexual-assault/2018/09/16/46982194-b846-11e8-94eb-3bd52dfe917b_story.html?utm_term=.2e8165efb17f\">Ford detailed the incident in an interview with the Washington Post \u003c/a>published online Sept. 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for Ford did a round of interviews after she went public and pledged that she was prepared to testify before the committee. But Democrats and Ford’s attorneys pressed Grassley to first agree to an FBI investigation of the alleged incident and to invite other witnesses to appear at any public hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katz added in her communication to the committee Thursday: \u003cem>“\u003c/em>Dr. Ford has asked me to let you know that she appreciates the various options you have suggested. Her strong preference continues to be for the Senate Judiciary Committee to allow for a full investigation prior to her testimony.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday evening the White House released a letter from Kavanaugh to Grassley where the judge informed the committee chairman that “I will be there” at Monday’s planned hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court nominee added: “I continue to want a hearing as soon as possible, so that I can clear my name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the moment I first heard this allegation, I have categorically and unequivocally denied it. I remain committed to defending my integrity.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Kavanaugh+Accuser+Open+To+Testifying+About+Sexual+Assault+Allegations&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 8:20 p.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for Christine Blasey Ford, the woman who accused Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh of sexually assaulting her at a high school party in the 1980s, have begun discussing terms of her appearance before the Senate Judiciary Committee next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wishes to testify, provided that we can agree on terms that are fair and which ensure her safety,” Debra Katz, Ford’s lawyer says in an email to committee aides first reported in the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> and confirmed by NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, set a Friday deadline for Ford to respond to the committee in advance of a hearing he scheduled for Monday. Kavanaugh, who has strongly denied the claims, has already agreed to appear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Katz says that a Monday hearing “is not possible and the committee’s insistence that it occur then is arbitrary in any event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley was forced to postpone a planned committee vote on Kavanaugh’s nomination scheduled for Sept. 20 after Democrats and some of his GOP colleagues demanded the committee investigate the allegations. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/649960272/650052895\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford initially sent the top Democrat on the panel, California Sen. Dianne Feinstein, a letter requesting anonymity in July. But when word leaked out that Feinstein had some information about an allegation regarding Kavanaugh, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/california-professor-writer-of-confidential-brett-kavanaugh-letter-speaks-out-about-her-allegation-of-sexual-assault/2018/09/16/46982194-b846-11e8-94eb-3bd52dfe917b_story.html?utm_term=.2e8165efb17f\">Ford detailed the incident in an interview with the Washington Post \u003c/a>published online Sept. 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for Ford did a round of interviews after she went public and pledged that she was prepared to testify before the committee. But Democrats and Ford’s attorneys pressed Grassley to first agree to an FBI investigation of the alleged incident and to invite other witnesses to appear at any public hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Katz added in her communication to the committee Thursday: \u003cem>“\u003c/em>Dr. Ford has asked me to let you know that she appreciates the various options you have suggested. Her strong preference continues to be for the Senate Judiciary Committee to allow for a full investigation prior to her testimony.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thursday evening the White House released a letter from Kavanaugh to Grassley where the judge informed the committee chairman that “I will be there” at Monday’s planned hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court nominee added: “I continue to want a hearing as soon as possible, so that I can clear my name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the moment I first heard this allegation, I have categorically and unequivocally denied it. I remain committed to defending my integrity.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Kavanaugh+Accuser+Open+To+Testifying+About+Sexual+Assault+Allegations&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Kavanaugh's Accuser Struggled to Come Forward, Friends Say",
"title": "Kavanaugh's Accuser Struggled to Come Forward, Friends Say",
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"content": "\u003cp>PALO ALTO — Her studies first brought her West, but for Christine Margaret Blasey Ford, the move to California proved a way to leave behind what had gone wrong in her teenage years in the patrician suburbs of Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born into a well-off family in Montgomery County, Maryland, Ford has said she spent years working to recover from an assault as a teenage girl in that world of prep school parties — by Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh, she would disclose years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before she decided to come forward, Ford, now 51, had built a new life for herself in Malibu, Honolulu and the Bay Area, embracing academia, surfing, cheering on the Stanford football team and taking in outdoor rock concerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford settled in the Silicon Valley in the 1990s, when the first wave of the tech boom was transforming lives around her and startups were replacing peach orchards. She began working as a research psychologist and biostatistician at Stanford University, one of the most elite universities in the country. She later was hired as a professor in a consortium between Stanford and Palo Alto University. Soon, she married her husband in a nearby coastal town, and they bought a classic Eichler home in Palo Alto and had two sons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She is very friendly, outgoing and brilliant, and she is a great mother,\" said clinical psychologist Erin Heinemeyer, a mentee of Ford's who is also a friend. \"I know in general she supports women's rights, and she often stands up for students, and she had expressed concerns to me about other students who might be struggling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months after anonymously contacting her elected officials, Ford went public on Sunday, telling The Washington Post that Kavanaugh pinned her to a bed at a Maryland house party in the early 1980s and tried to take her clothes off. He put his hand over her mouth when she tried to scream, she said, and she feared he might inadvertently kill her. She said she was around 15 at the time and he would have been about 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends and family members say she struggled with the decision to come forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She clearly has nothing to gain and much to lose by going public with her story,\" said Jim Gensheimer, a friend of Ford's. \"I know from things she has told me, including her need to have more than one exit door in her bedroom to prevent her from being trapped, that this event was serious enough to have a lasting impact on her life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think she felt morally compelled to come forward, which is very much in line with what I know of her. She analyzes the data and lets the data tell the story.'\u003ccite>Sarah Adler, Stanford clinical psychologist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ford's mother-in-law, sisters-in-law and other members of her husband's family released a letter Wednesday asking that her \"private and difficult recollection be treated seriously and respectfully.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe that Chrissy has acted bravely by voicing her experiences from the past, and we know how difficult this is for her,\" said the letter signed by 11 of Ford's in-laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the White House, Kavanaugh issued a statement saying he \"categorically and unequivocally\" denied the allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can only say this: He is such an outstanding man. Very hard for me to imagine that anything happened,\" President Donald Trump said Wednesday. \"I think it's a very unfair thing what's going on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The allegation has shaken up the battle over Kavanaugh's confirmation, and Republicans are calling for a public hearing with both the accuser and the accused testifying. But lawyers for Ford say that she wants an FBI investigation of her allegation before a Judiciary Committee hearing set for Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers said in a letter that Ford wants to cooperate with the panel. But they say that in the days since she went public with her allegation, she has been the target of \"vicious harassment and even death threats.\" Her family has relocated, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693387/kavanaugh-accuser-fbi-investigation-would-be-a-first-step-in-addressing-allegation\">Republicans Reject Kavanaugh Accuser's Request to Delay Hearing for FBI Investigation\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693387/kavanaugh-accuser-fbi-investigation-would-be-a-first-step-in-addressing-allegation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/gettyimages-1027754774kav_wide-73b84f0d39412e7aedf8f8f87c1f6bf1ba6c0cfe-1180x664.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>An FBI investigation \"should be the first step in addressing the allegations,\" the lawyers wrote Tuesday in a letter obtained by The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kavanaugh supporters have called Ford's credibility and motivations into question. Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, told NBC News that Ford is \"mixed up\" and called Kavanaugh \"honest\" and \"straightforward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several former colleagues said that, as a biostatistician and psychologist, Ford was known for her scrupulous and meticulous professional conduct. She has published several books and more than 65 peer-reviewed journal articles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her work often involves analyzing data gathered in medical studies ranging from investigations of new depression treatments to opioid addiction interventions and traumatic brain injury research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Adler, a former student of Ford's who is now a clinical psychologist at Stanford, co-organized a letter in support of her former professor that had been signed by more than 300 colleagues and former students by Tuesday afternoon. Another letter of support has been signed by more than 700 graduates of her private prep school, Holton-Arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think she felt morally compelled to come forward, which is very much in line with what I know of her,\" said Adler. \"She analyzes the data and lets the data tell the story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford values clear professional boundaries and isn't one to share personal struggles with coworkers, the former colleagues said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11692960/rep-eshoo-kavanaugh-accusers-decision-to-go-public-a-tremendous-act-of-courage\">Rep. Eshoo: Kavanaugh Accuser's Decision to Go Public a 'Tremendous Act of Courage'\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11692960/rep-eshoo-kavanaugh-accusers-decision-to-go-public-a-tremendous-act-of-courage\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/GettyImages-1027782116-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"She never said a word about this,\" said Allan Reiss, a Stanford professor of psychiatry with whom she has written numerous scholarly publications. \"But the fact that I know her as a person of integrity and honesty, it doesn't surprise me that she came forward and that she has a personal sense of the importance of what she has to say.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in couples counseling with her husband in 2012 that she first described an encounter with Kavanaugh in her freshman year of high school, she would later disclose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy Avery, a former student who is now a postdoctoral research fellow, said he and many others admire her intellect and her kindness on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She has reviewed statistics for trials and research being presented to the federal government,\" Avery said. \"This all requires a great deal of integrity. Other statisticians review her work, and she reviews theirs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colleagues and former students described her as competent and laid-back, someone who is sure of her own footing and who balances work and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as her appearance before the Senate Judiciary Committee remains up in the air, Avery said he thinks Ford can handle the blazing national spotlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's obviously terrible to have to deal with but because her dedication to truth is more important than her personal difficulties, I think she can handle it,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "\"She clearly has nothing to gain and much to lose by going public with her story,\" said a friend of Christine Blasey Ford, who has accused Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh of sexual assault.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>PALO ALTO — Her studies first brought her West, but for Christine Margaret Blasey Ford, the move to California proved a way to leave behind what had gone wrong in her teenage years in the patrician suburbs of Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born into a well-off family in Montgomery County, Maryland, Ford has said she spent years working to recover from an assault as a teenage girl in that world of prep school parties — by Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh, she would disclose years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Long before she decided to come forward, Ford, now 51, had built a new life for herself in Malibu, Honolulu and the Bay Area, embracing academia, surfing, cheering on the Stanford football team and taking in outdoor rock concerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford settled in the Silicon Valley in the 1990s, when the first wave of the tech boom was transforming lives around her and startups were replacing peach orchards. She began working as a research psychologist and biostatistician at Stanford University, one of the most elite universities in the country. She later was hired as a professor in a consortium between Stanford and Palo Alto University. Soon, she married her husband in a nearby coastal town, and they bought a classic Eichler home in Palo Alto and had two sons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She is very friendly, outgoing and brilliant, and she is a great mother,\" said clinical psychologist Erin Heinemeyer, a mentee of Ford's who is also a friend. \"I know in general she supports women's rights, and she often stands up for students, and she had expressed concerns to me about other students who might be struggling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months after anonymously contacting her elected officials, Ford went public on Sunday, telling The Washington Post that Kavanaugh pinned her to a bed at a Maryland house party in the early 1980s and tried to take her clothes off. He put his hand over her mouth when she tried to scream, she said, and she feared he might inadvertently kill her. She said she was around 15 at the time and he would have been about 17.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Friends and family members say she struggled with the decision to come forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She clearly has nothing to gain and much to lose by going public with her story,\" said Jim Gensheimer, a friend of Ford's. \"I know from things she has told me, including her need to have more than one exit door in her bedroom to prevent her from being trapped, that this event was serious enough to have a lasting impact on her life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think she felt morally compelled to come forward, which is very much in line with what I know of her. She analyzes the data and lets the data tell the story.'\u003ccite>Sarah Adler, Stanford clinical psychologist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ford's mother-in-law, sisters-in-law and other members of her husband's family released a letter Wednesday asking that her \"private and difficult recollection be treated seriously and respectfully.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We believe that Chrissy has acted bravely by voicing her experiences from the past, and we know how difficult this is for her,\" said the letter signed by 11 of Ford's in-laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through the White House, Kavanaugh issued a statement saying he \"categorically and unequivocally\" denied the allegation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can only say this: He is such an outstanding man. Very hard for me to imagine that anything happened,\" President Donald Trump said Wednesday. \"I think it's a very unfair thing what's going on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The allegation has shaken up the battle over Kavanaugh's confirmation, and Republicans are calling for a public hearing with both the accuser and the accused testifying. But lawyers for Ford say that she wants an FBI investigation of her allegation before a Judiciary Committee hearing set for Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawyers said in a letter that Ford wants to cooperate with the panel. But they say that in the days since she went public with her allegation, she has been the target of \"vicious harassment and even death threats.\" Her family has relocated, they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693387/kavanaugh-accuser-fbi-investigation-would-be-a-first-step-in-addressing-allegation\">Republicans Reject Kavanaugh Accuser's Request to Delay Hearing for FBI Investigation\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11693387/kavanaugh-accuser-fbi-investigation-would-be-a-first-step-in-addressing-allegation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/gettyimages-1027754774kav_wide-73b84f0d39412e7aedf8f8f87c1f6bf1ba6c0cfe-1180x664.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>An FBI investigation \"should be the first step in addressing the allegations,\" the lawyers wrote Tuesday in a letter obtained by The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kavanaugh supporters have called Ford's credibility and motivations into question. Sen. Orrin Hatch, R-Utah, told NBC News that Ford is \"mixed up\" and called Kavanaugh \"honest\" and \"straightforward.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several former colleagues said that, as a biostatistician and psychologist, Ford was known for her scrupulous and meticulous professional conduct. She has published several books and more than 65 peer-reviewed journal articles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her work often involves analyzing data gathered in medical studies ranging from investigations of new depression treatments to opioid addiction interventions and traumatic brain injury research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Adler, a former student of Ford's who is now a clinical psychologist at Stanford, co-organized a letter in support of her former professor that had been signed by more than 300 colleagues and former students by Tuesday afternoon. Another letter of support has been signed by more than 700 graduates of her private prep school, Holton-Arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think she felt morally compelled to come forward, which is very much in line with what I know of her,\" said Adler. \"She analyzes the data and lets the data tell the story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ford values clear professional boundaries and isn't one to share personal struggles with coworkers, the former colleagues said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11692960/rep-eshoo-kavanaugh-accusers-decision-to-go-public-a-tremendous-act-of-courage\">Rep. Eshoo: Kavanaugh Accuser's Decision to Go Public a 'Tremendous Act of Courage'\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11692960/rep-eshoo-kavanaugh-accusers-decision-to-go-public-a-tremendous-act-of-courage\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/GettyImages-1027782116-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"She never said a word about this,\" said Allan Reiss, a Stanford professor of psychiatry with whom she has written numerous scholarly publications. \"But the fact that I know her as a person of integrity and honesty, it doesn't surprise me that she came forward and that she has a personal sense of the importance of what she has to say.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in couples counseling with her husband in 2012 that she first described an encounter with Kavanaugh in her freshman year of high school, she would later disclose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Timothy Avery, a former student who is now a postdoctoral research fellow, said he and many others admire her intellect and her kindness on the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She has reviewed statistics for trials and research being presented to the federal government,\" Avery said. \"This all requires a great deal of integrity. Other statisticians review her work, and she reviews theirs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colleagues and former students described her as competent and laid-back, someone who is sure of her own footing and who balances work and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as her appearance before the Senate Judiciary Committee remains up in the air, Avery said he thinks Ford can handle the blazing national spotlight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's obviously terrible to have to deal with but because her dedication to truth is more important than her personal difficulties, I think she can handle it,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
},
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
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