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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">dropping of nuclear weapons feels somehow all too possible again. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shadow of nuclear war fell over Hawaii through a mistaken missile alert. North Korea claims it is test firing bombs. And the president of the United States is boasting on Twitter about the size of his nuclear button.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In telling ourselves the history of the atomic bomb, we can too often think they were only dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But there were other bombs that fell -- they just weren’t dropped on people. Not directly. They were dropped on islands. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Islands in the South Pacific. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Marshall Islands.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that doesn't mean they didn't cause lasting and devastating damage for the islanders -- and for their descendants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Bay Area Scientists Say Computers Can Develop Cancer Drugs 6 Times Faster",
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"content": "\u003cp>The average time to \u003ca href=\"http://njms.rutgers.edu/gsbs/olc/fmtm/resources/improvepharmaNatureDrugDisc.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">identify a new cancer\u003c/a> drug is six years. Since \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/data/types.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one of every four deaths\u003c/a> in the U.S. is due to cancer, a lot of lives could be saved if that drug development time could be cut down to just a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cancer researchers at UCSF and computer scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are \u003ca href=\"https://www.llnl.gov/news/public-private-consortium-aims-cut-preclinical-cancer-drug-discovery-six-years-just-one\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">partnering\u003c/a> with researchers from the National Cancer Institute's Frederick National Laboratory and pharmaceutical giant GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) in an attempt to do just that. Members of the consortium hope to use supercomputing power to significantly slash the time needed to\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>screen potential cancer drugs and bring them to human trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'These projects were completely and utterly just a pipe dream 10 years ago.'\u003ccite>Aedin Culhane,\u003cbr>\nDana-Farber Cancer Institute\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We're rolling on this, and it's really exciting,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://cancer.ucsf.edu/people/profiles/ashworth_alan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alan Ashworth\u003c/a>, president of the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCSF. The university is committing $750,000 annually plus researchers and lab space, Ashworth says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GSK is contributing a vast store of data concerning 2 million molecules that could lead to cancer drugs. The data trove also includes 500 compounds that failed in the development process. The combination of the huge data set with information on failed drugs will be key to training the project's algorithms to understand how compounds interact with the human body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Long Process\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashworth was one of the scientists who, in 1995, discovered the gene BRCA2, which increases the risk of developing inherited breast cancer. It took 10 years from discovery of the drug to the treatment of cancer related to that mutation, he said, and another 9 years before the drug was licensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason cancer drug development can take so long is that most testing is done with actual molecules — millions of them in order to find one that might become an effective drug in treating a particular type of cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I honestly don’t see how throwing lots of computers at the problem will speed up preclinical cancer-drug discovery.'\u003ccite>Steven Salzberg, Johns Hopkins University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For each molecule, researchers create dozens of iterations in a process called \"optimization,\" altering the molecule to find the most effective form. Chemists have to create every modification in the lab, so researchers can test each one for toxic effects and efficacy. Just one toxicology study on one molecule takes 18 months, says Michelle Arkin, an associate professor in the UCSF School of Pharmacy. If the molecule fails, you start over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you could test these same molecules in a supercomputer programmed to understand the relevant biological relationships, it would significantly streamline the process — a computer can do in seconds what may take days or weeks in a lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The consortium, called ATOM, for Accelerating Therapeutics for Opportunities in Medicine, believes computing power has finally reached the point where it can aid in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's been a revolution in machine learning,\" says Jim Brase, the deputy associate director for computation at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"YVRKeVHRwPaovC2VxmUgK3PIxKAyVlyu\"]In the past, Brase says, when scientists wanted to analyze a large set of data, they had to tell the computer what interactions to search for in determining how a drug molecule might affect a specific protein in a particular type of tumor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, Brase says, scientists believe they can teach a computer the fundamentals of biology so it can learn to identify which relationships might be effective and which could be useless or toxic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Success will depend on scientists' ability to push computer learning to new levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stacie Calad-Thomson, operations, planning and strategy director with GSK, says the consortium will take the first two years of the project to develop algorithms. After that, the goal is to identify an effective drug and take it to human trials -- all within one year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original data donated by GSK will remain private, says Mary Anne Rhyne, the company's director of corporate communications. But any resulting drug-testing tools will be made publicly available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reasons for Skepticism and Hope\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goals of computer-assisted drug development and personalized medicine have been around for a \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080513083401/http://www.isgtw.org:80/?pid=1000993\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">long time, \u003c/a>and many of these efforts have disappointed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/09/06/ibm-pitched-its-watson-supercomputer-as-a-revolution-in-cancer-care-its-nowhere-close/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT\u003c/a>, as well as watchdog site\u003ca href=\"https://www.healthnewsreview.org/2017/02/md-anderson-cancer-centers-ibm-watson-project-fails-journalism-related/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Health News Review, \u003c/a>reported on the failed collaboration between the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and IBM's Watson, which sought to make personal cancer treatment recommendations and match patients to clinical trials. Behind the largely positive news coverage, the project did not work as hoped. (\u003ca href=\"https://medcitynews.com/2017/02/mayo-clinic-cio-ai-stuff-really-real/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Not everyone agrees\u003c/a> it's been a bust.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the company's \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/watson/health/life-sciences/drug-discovery/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Watson for Drug Discovery\u003c/a> program is hoping candidate drugs it identified as potential treatment for Parkinson's disease will prove to work. And IBM and Pfizer \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2016/12/01/pfizer-partners-with-ibm-watson-to-advance-cancer-drug-discovery/#68904ce21b1e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced a collaboration\u003c/a> in 2016 to use Watson to accelerate cancer drug discovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Steven Salzberg, director of the Center for Computational Biology at the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine at Johns Hopkins University, is skeptical of such supercomputing efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I honestly don't see how throwing lots of computers at the problem will speed up preclinical cancer drug discovery,\" he says. \"It's the classic problem where when your only tool is a hammer, everything looks like a nail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all need computers for research, so that's good. But cutting drug discovery from 6 years down to 1? That sounds implausible to me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute at Harvard, Aedin Culhane, who is also a researcher in the Department of Biostatistics, is more optimistic. Yes, the idea of computer-assisted drug discovery has been around for a long time, she says, but it's only now that it's finally matured.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think there are a confluence of things that give this a better shot now than we had in the past.'\u003ccite>John Baldoni, GlaxoSmithKline\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"These projects were completely and utterly just a pipe dream 10 years ago,\" says Culhane. \"And now we have more and better data, and we're learning more day by day. Given good data, the machines can learn, and I'm very hopeful about it. Much more than I was 10 years ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She finds ATOM's intent to publish negative results especially interesting. \"Because that's something that is missing. Academics rarely publish negative results, and pharma even more so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Re-examing old data in the light of new information, she says, can sometimes offer novel insights. Perhaps researchers misunderstood how a failed drug was working in the body the first time around; or maybe reviewing its off-target effects in light of new discoveries related to tumors will reveal a deeper understanding of biochemistry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Baldoni, senior vice president for computerized drug screening at GSK, says that not only are data more abundant, but the engineering required for computer-based analysis is more sophisticated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also believes researchers will be able to draw on software advancements in fields like facial recognition and dimensional analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have applications in other sectors that are analogous to the applications that we want to develop in the pharma sector,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology is also starting to demonstrate results, according to Baldoni. He points to clinical testing of molecules discovered by computer algorithms from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nimbustx.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nimbus Therapeutics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I would say to a skeptic,\" he says, \"is 'You might be right.' But I hope they're not. I think there are a confluence of things that give this a better shot now than we had in the past.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The average time to \u003ca href=\"http://njms.rutgers.edu/gsbs/olc/fmtm/resources/improvepharmaNatureDrugDisc.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">identify a new cancer\u003c/a> drug is six years. Since \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/dcpc/data/types.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">one of every four deaths\u003c/a> in the U.S. is due to cancer, a lot of lives could be saved if that drug development time could be cut down to just a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cancer researchers at UCSF and computer scientists at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are \u003ca href=\"https://www.llnl.gov/news/public-private-consortium-aims-cut-preclinical-cancer-drug-discovery-six-years-just-one\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">partnering\u003c/a> with researchers from the National Cancer Institute's Frederick National Laboratory and pharmaceutical giant GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) in an attempt to do just that. Members of the consortium hope to use supercomputing power to significantly slash the time needed to\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>screen potential cancer drugs and bring them to human trials.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'These projects were completely and utterly just a pipe dream 10 years ago.'\u003ccite>Aedin Culhane,\u003cbr>\nDana-Farber Cancer Institute\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"We're rolling on this, and it's really exciting,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://cancer.ucsf.edu/people/profiles/ashworth_alan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alan Ashworth\u003c/a>, president of the Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCSF. The university is committing $750,000 annually plus researchers and lab space, Ashworth says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GSK is contributing a vast store of data concerning 2 million molecules that could lead to cancer drugs. The data trove also includes 500 compounds that failed in the development process. The combination of the huge data set with information on failed drugs will be key to training the project's algorithms to understand how compounds interact with the human body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Long Process\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ashworth was one of the scientists who, in 1995, discovered the gene BRCA2, which increases the risk of developing inherited breast cancer. It took 10 years from discovery of the drug to the treatment of cancer related to that mutation, he said, and another 9 years before the drug was licensed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason cancer drug development can take so long is that most testing is done with actual molecules — millions of them in order to find one that might become an effective drug in treating a particular type of cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I honestly don’t see how throwing lots of computers at the problem will speed up preclinical cancer-drug discovery.'\u003ccite>Steven Salzberg, Johns Hopkins University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For each molecule, researchers create dozens of iterations in a process called \"optimization,\" altering the molecule to find the most effective form. Chemists have to create every modification in the lab, so researchers can test each one for toxic effects and efficacy. Just one toxicology study on one molecule takes 18 months, says Michelle Arkin, an associate professor in the UCSF School of Pharmacy. If the molecule fails, you start over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you could test these same molecules in a supercomputer programmed to understand the relevant biological relationships, it would significantly streamline the process — a computer can do in seconds what may take days or weeks in a lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The consortium, called ATOM, for Accelerating Therapeutics for Opportunities in Medicine, believes computing power has finally reached the point where it can aid in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's been a revolution in machine learning,\" says Jim Brase, the deputy associate director for computation at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>In the past, Brase says, when scientists wanted to analyze a large set of data, they had to tell the computer what interactions to search for in determining how a drug molecule might affect a specific protein in a particular type of tumor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, Brase says, scientists believe they can teach a computer the fundamentals of biology so it can learn to identify which relationships might be effective and which could be useless or toxic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Success will depend on scientists' ability to push computer learning to new levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stacie Calad-Thomson, operations, planning and strategy director with GSK, says the consortium will take the first two years of the project to develop algorithms. After that, the goal is to identify an effective drug and take it to human trials -- all within one year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The original data donated by GSK will remain private, says Mary Anne Rhyne, the company's director of corporate communications. But any resulting drug-testing tools will be made publicly available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reasons for Skepticism and Hope\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goals of computer-assisted drug development and personalized medicine have been around for a \u003ca href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20080513083401/http://www.isgtw.org:80/?pid=1000993\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">long time, \u003c/a>and many of these efforts have disappointed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/09/06/ibm-pitched-its-watson-supercomputer-as-a-revolution-in-cancer-care-its-nowhere-close/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT\u003c/a>, as well as watchdog site\u003ca href=\"https://www.healthnewsreview.org/2017/02/md-anderson-cancer-centers-ibm-watson-project-fails-journalism-related/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Health News Review, \u003c/a>reported on the failed collaboration between the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and IBM's Watson, which sought to make personal cancer treatment recommendations and match patients to clinical trials. Behind the largely positive news coverage, the project did not work as hoped. (\u003ca href=\"https://medcitynews.com/2017/02/mayo-clinic-cio-ai-stuff-really-real/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Not everyone agrees\u003c/a> it's been a bust.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the company's \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/watson/health/life-sciences/drug-discovery/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Watson for Drug Discovery\u003c/a> program is hoping candidate drugs it identified as potential treatment for Parkinson's disease will prove to work. And IBM and Pfizer \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucejapsen/2016/12/01/pfizer-partners-with-ibm-watson-to-advance-cancer-drug-discovery/#68904ce21b1e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced a collaboration\u003c/a> in 2016 to use Watson to accelerate cancer drug discovery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Steven Salzberg, director of the Center for Computational Biology at the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine at Johns Hopkins University, is skeptical of such supercomputing efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I honestly don't see how throwing lots of computers at the problem will speed up preclinical cancer drug discovery,\" he says. \"It's the classic problem where when your only tool is a hammer, everything looks like a nail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We all need computers for research, so that's good. But cutting drug discovery from 6 years down to 1? That sounds implausible to me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute at Harvard, Aedin Culhane, who is also a researcher in the Department of Biostatistics, is more optimistic. Yes, the idea of computer-assisted drug discovery has been around for a long time, she says, but it's only now that it's finally matured.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'I think there are a confluence of things that give this a better shot now than we had in the past.'\u003ccite>John Baldoni, GlaxoSmithKline\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"These projects were completely and utterly just a pipe dream 10 years ago,\" says Culhane. \"And now we have more and better data, and we're learning more day by day. Given good data, the machines can learn, and I'm very hopeful about it. Much more than I was 10 years ago.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She finds ATOM's intent to publish negative results especially interesting. \"Because that's something that is missing. Academics rarely publish negative results, and pharma even more so.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Re-examing old data in the light of new information, she says, can sometimes offer novel insights. Perhaps researchers misunderstood how a failed drug was working in the body the first time around; or maybe reviewing its off-target effects in light of new discoveries related to tumors will reveal a deeper understanding of biochemistry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Baldoni, senior vice president for computerized drug screening at GSK, says that not only are data more abundant, but the engineering required for computer-based analysis is more sophisticated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He also believes researchers will be able to draw on software advancements in fields like facial recognition and dimensional analysis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have applications in other sectors that are analogous to the applications that we want to develop in the pharma sector,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The technology is also starting to demonstrate results, according to Baldoni. He points to clinical testing of molecules discovered by computer algorithms from \u003ca href=\"http://www.nimbustx.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nimbus Therapeutics\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Cracks Down On Weed Killer As Lawsuits Abound",
"title": "California Cracks Down On Weed Killer As Lawsuits Abound",
"headTitle": "Kaiser Health News | State of Health | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Jack McCall was a fixture at the local farmers market, where he sold avocados and other fruits he grew on his 20-acre ranch in Cambria, on California’s Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. postal worker and Little League coach was “very environmentally friendly,” said Teri McCall, his wife of 41 years. He avoided chemicals, using only his tractor-mower to root out the thistle and other weeds that continually sprouted on the flat areas of the ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he did make one exception to that rule — a fateful one, his wife now believes. For more than three decades, on the hilly parts of the ranch where he grew the avocados, and around newly planted fruit trees, Jack donned a backpack sprayer and doused weeds with the widely sold herbicide Roundup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He believed Roundup was safe,” Teri McCall said, noting that St. Louis-based Monsanto Co. has regularly touted its flagship product as \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJboNdWoFws\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">harmless to people and pets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the McCalls’ 6-year-old dog, Duke, who regularly accompanied Jack around the farm, fell ill with swollen lymph nodes in his neck and died shortly afterward of lymphoma — a type of blood cancer. Three years later, Jack discovered swollen lymph nodes in his own neck, Teri said. The diagnosis: a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which killed him on Dec. 26, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought, ‘That’s kind of a coincidence that they both got lumps in their neck,’” Teri recalled. “Then I thought about all the time Duke spent sticking his nose in grass that had been sprayed with Roundup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March 2016, McCall filed a \u003ca href=\"http://baumhedlundlaw.com/pdf/monsanto-documents/Teri-McCall-Monsanto-Roundup-Lawsuit-Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrongful death lawsuit\u003c/a> against Monsanto, alleging that the company concealed the cancer risk posed by a chemical called “glyphosate,” the active ingredient in Roundup, which she now blames for the deaths of her husband and their dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of similar lawsuits are pending in federal and state courthouses around the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto vigorously contests them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be clear: The underlying science behind glyphosate is not at question,” said Scott Partridge, the company’s vice president of global strategy. “Monsanto’s glyphosate-based herbicides have a long history of safe use and have been studied in real-world application, including the largest study ever of the actual use of pesticides by farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto’s Partridge contended that “cherry-picking isolated documents out of context is an attempt by the plaintiffs’ attorneys in pending litigation to distract from the science, which is not on their side.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of glyphosate has grown exponentially in the past two decades. The chemical has found its way into the food chain — and into people’s bodies. A \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2658306\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> published this week in the medical journal JAMA showed that the number of Southern California adults who tested positive for glyphosate in their urine rose dramatically from 1993 to 2016, as did the amount of the chemical in those who excreted it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, California added glyphosate to its list of cancer-causing chemicals under the \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986.\u003c/a> The act, also known as Proposition 65, requires businesses to warn consumers if their products or facilities contain potentially unsafe amounts of any toxic substances known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the first state in the U.S. to “take regulatory action to protect our residents from this chemical,” said Olga Naidenko, senior science adviser for the Environmental Working Group, a nonprofit research and advocacy organization. The move is “a huge step and has global implications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, which is responsible for listing chemicals under Proposition 65, has proposed a \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/crnr/glyphosate032917isor.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">threshold\u003c/a> of 1.1 milligrams of glyphosate a day for an adult weighing 70 kilograms, or 154 pounds. That’s about 122 times more stringent than the federal Environmental Protection Agency’s safety guideline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency is studying more than 1,300 written public comments, along with oral testimony from a \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/crnr/060717glyphosatetranscript.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">June hearing\u003c/a>, to decide whether it should implement or revise its proposed limit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prop. 65 listing requires warning labels beginning next July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other companies, including Dow AgroSciences and DuPont, also sell products containing glyphosate, since Monsanto’s patent expired in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s decision to list the chemical was triggered by a 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/iarcnews/pdf/MonographVolume112.pdf\">study\u003c/a> from the World Health Organization that described the chemical as “probably carcinogenic to humans” and cited “convincing evidence that glyphosate also can cause cancer in laboratory animals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer found a “positive association” between exposure to glyphosate and malignancy in humans, though it added that other explanations could not be excluded. In particular, the international agency found a possible link to non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the type of cancer that killed Jack McCall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto sued in state Superior Court to overrule the California listing but \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-roundup-california-20170314-story.html\">lost in March\u003c/a>, and it has appealed that decision. Its bid to temporarily halt the cancer listing pending trial was rejected by a state appellate court and the California Supreme Court. The company says that labeling glyphosate a cancer risk is unjustified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It argues that the International Agency for Research on Cancer erred by neglecting to consider data suggesting no link between glyphosate and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. That research was in an unpublished part of the multiyear and multifaceted \u003ca href=\"https://aghealth.nih.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agricultural Health Study\u003c/a>, which assesses the effects of pesticide exposure on farmers. The international cancer agency, an independent panel of scientists, said it weighs only published, peer-reviewed studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies also have failed to establish a convincing link between glyphosate and cancer. Earlier this year, the European Union’s chemical safety regulator determined there was \u003ca href=\"https://echa.europa.eu/-/glyphosate-not-classified-as-a-carcinogen-by-echa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not sufficient evidence\u003c/a> to classify glyphosate as a carcinogen, though it did say the compound could cause eye damage and long-term harm to aquatic life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the international cancer agency, which said it examined about 1,000 studies, determined there was enough information to support its finding of a link between glyphosate and cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for farmers say California’s plan to require warning labels for glyphosate-based products is wrong-headed. At a June hearing, Cynthia Cory, environmental affairs director for the nonprofit California Farm Bureau Federation, told the board of the health hazard assessment agency that the herbicide is an important tool for farmers. It ultimately benefits the environment, she said, because “it allows us to reduce our tractor passes, which means you have cleaner air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Michelle Perro, a pediatrician who treats children for glyphosate exposure, offered the board a different viewpoint. “What I am seeing is sicker kids,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research suggests that Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides may be linked not only to cancer but to a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/15/4/1416\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">other health problems\u003c/a>. Recent studies link the compound to DNA and chromosomal damage in human cells, kidney failure, chronic kidney disease, intestinal disorders, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3945755/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Celiac disease\u003c/a> and autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 250 million pounds of glyphosate were sprayed on U.S. crops in 2014, a ninefold increase in just under two decades, according to \u003ca href=\"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12302-016-0070-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a study\u003c/a> in the journal Environmental Sciences Europe. Two-thirds of all the glyphosate used in the U.S. during the 40 years from 1974 to 2014 was sprayed in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you don’t need to live next to farm fields to be exposed to it, said Dr. Paul Winchester, a clinical professor of neonatology at Indiana University School of Medicine and medical director of the neonatal unit at Franciscan St. Francis Health in Indianapolis. “It turns out it’s in almost every [non-organic] food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That concerns him in light of a \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0066318\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> that suggests chromosomal damage caused by pesticides has the potential to embed in DNA and get passed down to future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teri McCall said she applauds California’s decision to list glyphosate as a carcinogen and hopes it will help protect others from the kind of loss she’s suffered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since her husband’s death, “it’s kind of like my life of living color has gone to black-and-white,” she said. “My life with Jack was just so full of joy and laughter and fun, and this has just left a huge void. … Every day is just a series of efforts to escape the loss and there’s just no escaping it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, which publishes \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Healthline\u003c/a>, a service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a> (KHN) is a national health policy news service. It is an editorially independent program of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kff.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "California has listed the active ingredient in Monsanto’s Roundup as cancer-causing.",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/news/author/stephanie-oneill/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stephanie O'Neill\u003c/a>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jack McCall was a fixture at the local farmers market, where he sold avocados and other fruits he grew on his 20-acre ranch in Cambria, on California’s Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. postal worker and Little League coach was “very environmentally friendly,” said Teri McCall, his wife of 41 years. He avoided chemicals, using only his tractor-mower to root out the thistle and other weeds that continually sprouted on the flat areas of the ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he did make one exception to that rule — a fateful one, his wife now believes. For more than three decades, on the hilly parts of the ranch where he grew the avocados, and around newly planted fruit trees, Jack donned a backpack sprayer and doused weeds with the widely sold herbicide Roundup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He believed Roundup was safe,” Teri McCall said, noting that St. Louis-based Monsanto Co. has regularly touted its flagship product as \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJboNdWoFws\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">harmless to people and pets\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, the McCalls’ 6-year-old dog, Duke, who regularly accompanied Jack around the farm, fell ill with swollen lymph nodes in his neck and died shortly afterward of lymphoma — a type of blood cancer. Three years later, Jack discovered swollen lymph nodes in his own neck, Teri said. The diagnosis: a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which killed him on Dec. 26, 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought, ‘That’s kind of a coincidence that they both got lumps in their neck,’” Teri recalled. “Then I thought about all the time Duke spent sticking his nose in grass that had been sprayed with Roundup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March 2016, McCall filed a \u003ca href=\"http://baumhedlundlaw.com/pdf/monsanto-documents/Teri-McCall-Monsanto-Roundup-Lawsuit-Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wrongful death lawsuit\u003c/a> against Monsanto, alleging that the company concealed the cancer risk posed by a chemical called “glyphosate,” the active ingredient in Roundup, which she now blames for the deaths of her husband and their dog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of similar lawsuits are pending in federal and state courthouses around the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto vigorously contests them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be clear: The underlying science behind glyphosate is not at question,” said Scott Partridge, the company’s vice president of global strategy. “Monsanto’s glyphosate-based herbicides have a long history of safe use and have been studied in real-world application, including the largest study ever of the actual use of pesticides by farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto’s Partridge contended that “cherry-picking isolated documents out of context is an attempt by the plaintiffs’ attorneys in pending litigation to distract from the science, which is not on their side.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of glyphosate has grown exponentially in the past two decades. The chemical has found its way into the food chain — and into people’s bodies. A \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2658306\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> published this week in the medical journal JAMA showed that the number of Southern California adults who tested positive for glyphosate in their urine rose dramatically from 1993 to 2016, as did the amount of the chemical in those who excreted it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July, California added glyphosate to its list of cancer-causing chemicals under the \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/proposition-65\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986.\u003c/a> The act, also known as Proposition 65, requires businesses to warn consumers if their products or facilities contain potentially unsafe amounts of any toxic substances known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the first state in the U.S. to “take regulatory action to protect our residents from this chemical,” said Olga Naidenko, senior science adviser for the Environmental Working Group, a nonprofit research and advocacy organization. The move is “a huge step and has global implications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, which is responsible for listing chemicals under Proposition 65, has proposed a \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/crnr/glyphosate032917isor.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">threshold\u003c/a> of 1.1 milligrams of glyphosate a day for an adult weighing 70 kilograms, or 154 pounds. That’s about 122 times more stringent than the federal Environmental Protection Agency’s safety guideline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agency is studying more than 1,300 written public comments, along with oral testimony from a \u003ca href=\"https://oehha.ca.gov/media/downloads/crnr/060717glyphosatetranscript.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">June hearing\u003c/a>, to decide whether it should implement or revise its proposed limit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Prop. 65 listing requires warning labels beginning next July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other companies, including Dow AgroSciences and DuPont, also sell products containing glyphosate, since Monsanto’s patent expired in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s decision to list the chemical was triggered by a 2015 \u003ca href=\"https://www.iarc.fr/en/media-centre/iarcnews/pdf/MonographVolume112.pdf\">study\u003c/a> from the World Health Organization that described the chemical as “probably carcinogenic to humans” and cited “convincing evidence that glyphosate also can cause cancer in laboratory animals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer found a “positive association” between exposure to glyphosate and malignancy in humans, though it added that other explanations could not be excluded. In particular, the international agency found a possible link to non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the type of cancer that killed Jack McCall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto sued in state Superior Court to overrule the California listing but \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-roundup-california-20170314-story.html\">lost in March\u003c/a>, and it has appealed that decision. Its bid to temporarily halt the cancer listing pending trial was rejected by a state appellate court and the California Supreme Court. The company says that labeling glyphosate a cancer risk is unjustified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It argues that the International Agency for Research on Cancer erred by neglecting to consider data suggesting no link between glyphosate and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. That research was in an unpublished part of the multiyear and multifaceted \u003ca href=\"https://aghealth.nih.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Agricultural Health Study\u003c/a>, which assesses the effects of pesticide exposure on farmers. The international cancer agency, an independent panel of scientists, said it weighs only published, peer-reviewed studies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other studies also have failed to establish a convincing link between glyphosate and cancer. Earlier this year, the European Union’s chemical safety regulator determined there was \u003ca href=\"https://echa.europa.eu/-/glyphosate-not-classified-as-a-carcinogen-by-echa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">not sufficient evidence\u003c/a> to classify glyphosate as a carcinogen, though it did say the compound could cause eye damage and long-term harm to aquatic life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the international cancer agency, which said it examined about 1,000 studies, determined there was enough information to support its finding of a link between glyphosate and cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for farmers say California’s plan to require warning labels for glyphosate-based products is wrong-headed. At a June hearing, Cynthia Cory, environmental affairs director for the nonprofit California Farm Bureau Federation, told the board of the health hazard assessment agency that the herbicide is an important tool for farmers. It ultimately benefits the environment, she said, because “it allows us to reduce our tractor passes, which means you have cleaner air.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Michelle Perro, a pediatrician who treats children for glyphosate exposure, offered the board a different viewpoint. “What I am seeing is sicker kids,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research suggests that Roundup and other glyphosate-based herbicides may be linked not only to cancer but to a variety of \u003ca href=\"http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/15/4/1416\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">other health problems\u003c/a>. Recent studies link the compound to DNA and chromosomal damage in human cells, kidney failure, chronic kidney disease, intestinal disorders, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3945755/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Celiac disease\u003c/a> and autism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 250 million pounds of glyphosate were sprayed on U.S. crops in 2014, a ninefold increase in just under two decades, according to \u003ca href=\"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s12302-016-0070-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a study\u003c/a> in the journal Environmental Sciences Europe. Two-thirds of all the glyphosate used in the U.S. during the 40 years from 1974 to 2014 was sprayed in the last decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you don’t need to live next to farm fields to be exposed to it, said Dr. Paul Winchester, a clinical professor of neonatology at Indiana University School of Medicine and medical director of the neonatal unit at Franciscan St. Francis Health in Indianapolis. “It turns out it’s in almost every [non-organic] food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That concerns him in light of a \u003ca href=\"http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0066318\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> that suggests chromosomal damage caused by pesticides has the potential to embed in DNA and get passed down to future generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teri McCall said she applauds California’s decision to list glyphosate as a carcinogen and hopes it will help protect others from the kind of loss she’s suffered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since her husband’s death, “it’s kind of like my life of living color has gone to black-and-white,” she said. “My life with Jack was just so full of joy and laughter and fun, and this has just left a huge void. … Every day is just a series of efforts to escape the loss and there’s just no escaping it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was produced by \u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>, which publishes \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiahealthline.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Healthline\u003c/a>, a service of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.chcf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Health Care Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a> (KHN) is a national health policy news service. It is an editorially independent program of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kff.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Bay Area Cancer Patient Confronts and Embraces His Right to Die",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Last year, California became the fifth state to allow terminally ill patients to take lethal medication to end their lives. The new law — the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/03/10/californias-physician-assisted-suicide-law-to-take-effect-in-june/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">End of Life Option Act\u003c/a> — took effect in June, 2016.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Piedmont resident \u003cstrong>Ray Perman\u003c/strong> always knew this is the way he wanted to go. He’s 64, a retired pilot, like his father, and an entrepreneur. He’s dying of cancer. I interviewed him about his decision. The following words, culled from that interview, are his.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301315866″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My pelvis is fully populated by prostate cancer. I have a one-inch tumor in my tailbone. I have seven tumors in my ribs, like little Christmas tree lights. So about two months ago, my physician called me in and said, ‘Well Ray, we’ve done everything we can.’ I said, ‘Well then I want to be on hospice. And I’d like to have you start with End of Life Options.’ He looked at me and said ‘I’ll write the prescription.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now I have my medical aid-in-dying drugs up in my bedroom, ready to go. You’re not allowed to go to the pharmacy and go pick them up. They won’t have you inadvertently leave them on the seat of the 57 bus. It has to be delivered like a loaded weapon. So the end-of-life options team came here with three people, the pharmacist with the drugs, my case manager and also another witness. They arrived here with these drugs and they went through the instructions on how to use them, and had me sign all the appropriate documents under witness, which is what they should absolutely do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember that I have to take these prescriptions on my own. No one can assist me. No one can cajole or put the straw in my mouth or squeeze the drugs into my mouth. I have to take them, which means I have to have the ability to swallow. So what the hospice team is learning, they give you about a five-day window when you can do this drug and do the deed. And they’re learning, because they’ve missed a couple of times with other patients. They didn’t call it early enough, and the person could no longer do the drug and they feel very badly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-281642\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-800x1002.jpg\" alt=\"Ray Perman is a percussionist, avid traveler and self-described “manic volunteer.” Here he plays the Cuban bell during a trip to Havana last March, where he played with six bands.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1002\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-768x962.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-240x301.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-375x470.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-520x651.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray Perman is a percussionist, avid traveler and self-described “manic volunteer.” Here he plays the Cuban bell during a trip to Havana last March, where he played with six bands. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Ray Perman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’ve giving me markers, clues as you get closer to the end. You look for changes in perception of food taste, general weakness, or the need to take a mid-morning nap, which I’m starting to do now. My stairway is a measuring device. People say, ‘Ray, should you get a hospital bed down here?’ I say, no I don’t want to die in my living room. I have a beautiful bedroom with windows on three sides, I want to look at my view. So if I can’t get up the stairway anymore, it means we’re darn close. And we are kind of close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be a hard decision. People who go for the aid-in-dying option, I understand only 65 percent actually do it. Of the people who don’t, some basically die of symptoms prior to using the option, some simply change their mind. You know, I’m not a hero. I may chicken out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I attended my daughter’s wedding in September and afterwards my oncologist said, the whole department, we figured you had 50/50 odds of attending. And I had a 70 percent chance of dying last month in December. I mean, who knows how it’ll go. Some days I wake up and I can feel cancer coming. It feels like I’m not going to make it to January 15. I have meetings on January 15 — I’ve got to make those meetings. And my wonderful in-home care provider, she’s pregnant and she’s going to give birth around February 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our goal is for me to hold the baby. It’ll be great. Maybe I’ll get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281644\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-281644\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-800x778.jpg\" alt=\"Ray Perman’s first career was as a pilot, similar to his father. He poses here with his daughter, Andrea, before a recreational flight. Andrea is now 24. His son, Eric, is 27.\" width=\"800\" height=\"778\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-160x156.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-768x747.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-240x233.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-375x365.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-520x506.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray Perman’s first career was as a pilot, similar to his father. He poses here with his daughter, Andrea, before a recreational flight. Andrea is now 24. His son, Eric, is 27. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Ray Perman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I made sure that the newspapers don’t say ‘Ray lost his battle with cancer.’ There’s no battle. If I were to be battling or struggling I would be preempting my ability to soak in all the wonderful things that are happening to me emotionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me the epiphany in all of this is that I shifted from wanting to die quickly to wanting to enjoy this last phase. I think it’s the explorer in me. I want to carry the torch into that last phase and say ‘My gosh, look what I’m discovering. It’s beautiful.’ You shouldn’t miss it. Don’t fear death. It’s wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281521\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-281521\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/KP-Racing-Team-2016-05-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ray Perman says he's maintained his "rollicking" sense of humor after being diagnosed with two types of cancer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray Perman says he’s maintained his “rollicking” sense of humor after being diagnosed with two types of cancer. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Ray Perman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the hospice team gives me the five day window, I will announce to my relatives: It’s time. I’m going to make it this day, come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I will have my closest loved ones around me when I do that. I’ll have an open house in the morning for my friends to give me a hug goodbye and then we’ll probably do the deed in the afternoon. Then my family can have time with my body in the evening, as long as they’d like. And I have a complete description on where to dispose of my ashes. It’ll be in the departure path of a Boeing aircraft that took off with my father, on an outgoing tide.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Last year, California became the fifth state to allow terminally ill patients to take lethal medication to end their lives. The new law — the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/03/10/californias-physician-assisted-suicide-law-to-take-effect-in-june/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">End of Life Option Act\u003c/a> — took effect in June, 2016.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Piedmont resident \u003cstrong>Ray Perman\u003c/strong> always knew this is the way he wanted to go. He’s 64, a retired pilot, like his father, and an entrepreneur. He’s dying of cancer. I interviewed him about his decision. The following words, culled from that interview, are his.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301315866″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/301315866″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My pelvis is fully populated by prostate cancer. I have a one-inch tumor in my tailbone. I have seven tumors in my ribs, like little Christmas tree lights. So about two months ago, my physician called me in and said, ‘Well Ray, we’ve done everything we can.’ I said, ‘Well then I want to be on hospice. And I’d like to have you start with End of Life Options.’ He looked at me and said ‘I’ll write the prescription.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So now I have my medical aid-in-dying drugs up in my bedroom, ready to go. You’re not allowed to go to the pharmacy and go pick them up. They won’t have you inadvertently leave them on the seat of the 57 bus. It has to be delivered like a loaded weapon. So the end-of-life options team came here with three people, the pharmacist with the drugs, my case manager and also another witness. They arrived here with these drugs and they went through the instructions on how to use them, and had me sign all the appropriate documents under witness, which is what they should absolutely do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember that I have to take these prescriptions on my own. No one can assist me. No one can cajole or put the straw in my mouth or squeeze the drugs into my mouth. I have to take them, which means I have to have the ability to swallow. So what the hospice team is learning, they give you about a five-day window when you can do this drug and do the deed. And they’re learning, because they’ve missed a couple of times with other patients. They didn’t call it early enough, and the person could no longer do the drug and they feel very badly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-281642\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-800x1002.jpg\" alt=\"Ray Perman is a percussionist, avid traveler and self-described “manic volunteer.” Here he plays the Cuban bell during a trip to Havana last March, where he played with six bands.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1002\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-768x962.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-240x301.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-375x470.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayPermanPercussion-520x651.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray Perman is a percussionist, avid traveler and self-described “manic volunteer.” Here he plays the Cuban bell during a trip to Havana last March, where he played with six bands. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Ray Perman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’ve giving me markers, clues as you get closer to the end. You look for changes in perception of food taste, general weakness, or the need to take a mid-morning nap, which I’m starting to do now. My stairway is a measuring device. People say, ‘Ray, should you get a hospital bed down here?’ I say, no I don’t want to die in my living room. I have a beautiful bedroom with windows on three sides, I want to look at my view. So if I can’t get up the stairway anymore, it means we’re darn close. And we are kind of close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be a hard decision. People who go for the aid-in-dying option, I understand only 65 percent actually do it. Of the people who don’t, some basically die of symptoms prior to using the option, some simply change their mind. You know, I’m not a hero. I may chicken out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I attended my daughter’s wedding in September and afterwards my oncologist said, the whole department, we figured you had 50/50 odds of attending. And I had a 70 percent chance of dying last month in December. I mean, who knows how it’ll go. Some days I wake up and I can feel cancer coming. It feels like I’m not going to make it to January 15. I have meetings on January 15 — I’ve got to make those meetings. And my wonderful in-home care provider, she’s pregnant and she’s going to give birth around February 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our goal is for me to hold the baby. It’ll be great. Maybe I’ll get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281644\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-281644\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-800x778.jpg\" alt=\"Ray Perman’s first career was as a pilot, similar to his father. He poses here with his daughter, Andrea, before a recreational flight. Andrea is now 24. His son, Eric, is 27.\" width=\"800\" height=\"778\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-160x156.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-768x747.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-240x233.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-375x365.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-520x506.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-32x32.jpg 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/RayFlying-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray Perman’s first career was as a pilot, similar to his father. He poses here with his daughter, Andrea, before a recreational flight. Andrea is now 24. His son, Eric, is 27. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Ray Perman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I made sure that the newspapers don’t say ‘Ray lost his battle with cancer.’ There’s no battle. If I were to be battling or struggling I would be preempting my ability to soak in all the wonderful things that are happening to me emotionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For me the epiphany in all of this is that I shifted from wanting to die quickly to wanting to enjoy this last phase. I think it’s the explorer in me. I want to carry the torch into that last phase and say ‘My gosh, look what I’m discovering. It’s beautiful.’ You shouldn’t miss it. Don’t fear death. It’s wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281521\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-281521\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2017/01/KP-Racing-Team-2016-05-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Ray Perman says he's maintained his "rollicking" sense of humor after being diagnosed with two types of cancer.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray Perman says he’s maintained his “rollicking” sense of humor after being diagnosed with two types of cancer. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Ray Perman)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the hospice team gives me the five day window, I will announce to my relatives: It’s time. I’m going to make it this day, come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Cuba Has a Lung Cancer Vaccine; Now U.S. Patients Will Test It",
"title": "Cuba Has a Lung Cancer Vaccine; Now U.S. Patients Will Test It",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>Mick Phillips' doctor is surprised he's still alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 69-year-old Wisconsin man was diagnosed with late-stage lung cancer in 2010 and his doctor said he had less than a year to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was six years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For all intents and purposes he shouldn’t be here,\" says Phillips' oncologist, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fvho.org/providers/timothy-goggins-md/\" target=\"_blank\">Timothy Goggins\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Goggins and Phillips both credit his survival to a lung cancer drug that isn't available in the U.S. and that Phillips has had to purchase illegally in Cuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Cancer won’t be cured, it will be turned into a chronic condition.’\u003ccite>Agustin Lage,Cuba’s Center of Molecular Immunology\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>U.S. researchers think if the treatment works it could be used to prevent lung cancer in patients that are high risk. \u003ca href=\"https://www.roswellpark.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Roswell Park Cancer Institute\u003c/a> in Buffalo, New York has begun testing CIMAvax, the Cuban-developed immunotherapy for lung cancer. If successful, the trial will pave the way for potential FDA approval, after which the drug could become commercially available in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medicine has relatively minor side effects and appears to have \u003ca href=\"http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2016/02/27/1078-0432.CCR-15-0855\" target=\"_blank\">prolonged the lives of patients\u003c/a> who have stage four lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CIMAvax stimulates the body's immune system to fight the lung cancer. In this way it's a vaccine, but one that you take to stop the spread of late-stage cancer rather than prevent it in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a flu vaccine,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.roswellpark.org/grace-dy\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Grace Dy\u003c/a>, principal investigator for the trial. \"It’s the same concept. You give a drug so the body develops an antibody to the drug;\u003cb> \u003c/b>you’re using your body’s own natural systems to develop a therapy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lung cancer kills \u003ca href=\"http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/learn-about-lung-cancer/lung-cancer-fact-sheet.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 160,000 Americans\u003c/a> annually. \u003c/span>Most people are diagnosed at a late stage and more than half die within a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is likely the first time the \u003ca href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02955290\" target=\"_blank\">FDA has allowed\u003c/a> a clinical trial of a Cuban-made therapy in a U.S. health care facility. It's not uncommon for the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>FDA to allow U.S. clinical trials in order to study therapies from other countries. It is extremely rare, however, for that therapy to come from Cuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's popular\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As of mid-November, nearly 200 people had \u003ca href=\"https://www.roswellpark.org/cimavax-form/?utm_source=page&utm_medium=button&utm_term=form1&utm_content=cimavax\" target=\"_blank\">applied online\u003c/a> to participate in the 60-90 person Phase II and Phase III studies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m not surprised that there’s interest,” says Dr. Dy. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When you have cancer and it’s potentially life-threatening you want to explore all the options.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-281617\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage.jpg\" alt=\"Dr. Augustin Lage (left) in Havana with Mick Phillips, researcher Gisela Gonzalez, and Maya Phillips.\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Augustin Lage (left) in Havana with Mick Phillips, researcher Gisela Gonzalez, and Maya Phillips. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Maya Phillips)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mick Phillips didn't think he had much longer to live when he brought back CIMAvax from Cuba in 2011 and asked a nurse friend to give him the injections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He had a 5 percent chance of living five years,\" says Dr. Goggins who practices at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fvho.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Fox Valley Hemotology & Oncology\u003c/a> in Appleton, Wisconsin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Phillips is in remission from stage 4 lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I keep telling people, if you believe in God, it’s God,\" says Dr. Goggins. \"If you believe in science, it’s CIMAvax.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>the Cancer Vaccine Works\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lung cancer cells feed off a protein called epidermal growth factor or EGF. The protein supports normal cell growth but also fuels cancer cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine triggers the immune system to create antibodies that bind to and remove\u003cb> \u003c/b>EGF, thereby starving the cancer of its \"food.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/RaP4TsslJGw?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normal cells can live without EGF and use other growth-promoting proteins instead. But the cancer cells can't, and without EGF they're unable to multiply and spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CIMAvax has relatively few side effects when compared to chemotherapy, the traditional standard of care for late stage lung cancer. Chemo is hard on the body because it kills healthy cells (in addition to cancer cells) and causes side effects like hair loss, vomiting, loss of appetite and exhaustion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because CIMAvax doesn't kill cells, its side effects are relatively minor, such as chills or a fever that can be treated with over-the-counter medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuban patients that responded to CIMAvax had high levels of EGF, and t\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">heir bodies produced high levels of antibodies to combat the protein after they received the vaccine.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roswell Park will be looking to see if the same response emerges in its clinical trial— whether the most significant improvement is in patients with high EGF and antibody levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the study shows promise it could be good news for other types of cancer that also rely on EGF, such as prostate, breast and colon cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent \u003ca href=\"http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2016/06/24/1078-0432.CCR-15-0855\" target=\"_blank\">Cuban clinical trial \u003c/a>of CIMAvax is comparatively small at about 400 patients, which raises questions about how reliable the findings are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF oncologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.bivonalab.net/people/\" target=\"_blank\">Trever Bivona\u003c/a> says the study isn't large enough to determine whether the findings are statistically significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_278549\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-278549\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3.jpeg\" alt=\"The lung cancer vaccine is currently available in Cuba, Peru, Venezuela, Paraguay, Colombia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. U.S. researchers start clinical trials this month.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1240\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3.jpeg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-160x103.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-800x517.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-768x496.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-1020x659.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-1180x762.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-960x620.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-240x155.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-375x242.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-520x336.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lung cancer vaccine is currently available in Cuba, Peru, Venezuela, Paraguay, Colombia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. U.S. researchers start clinical trials this month. \u003ccite>(Centro de Inmunología Molecular)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I think we need a bigger more controlled study before making any conclusions,\" Bivona says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other problem with the Cuba study is that it had no control group. It compared patients getting CIMAvax to patients getting palliative care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There may be preliminary findings here,\" Bivona says, \"but it’s certainly not a slam dunk.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will Cuban Drugs Be Approved Under Trump?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're contemplating a flight to Havana, it's important to note that most U.S. travel to Cuba is still restricted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">U.S. Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control says people and companies can \u003ca href=\"https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Pages/licensing.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">apply for a specific license\u003c/a> to visit Cuba and purchase pharmaceuticals like CIMAvax. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because the relationship between\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Cuba and America has warmed, federal officials could potentially approve an application due to this change in \"foreign relations.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, President-elect Donald Trump has vowed to overturn all of President Obama's executive orders. Though it's unclear what that means, Obama's \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/12/17/fact-sheet-charting-new-course-cuba\" target=\"_blank\">2014 executive order\u003c/a> on Cuba expanded opportunities for Americans to legally visit Cuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Vice President-elect Mike Pence has specifically said he will \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/mike-pence-cuba-executive-orders-229827\" target=\"_blank\">reverse Barack Obama’s executive orders on Cuba\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, Dr. Dy says CIMAvax won't be available in pharmacies anytime soon. Roswell Park will start phase I of the clinical trial this month and it'll be months before it can start phase II and then phase III. She says an ambitious goal would be to have the medicine available by 2021.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mick Phillips' doctor is surprised he's still alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 69-year-old Wisconsin man was diagnosed with late-stage lung cancer in 2010 and his doctor said he had less than a year to live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was six years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For all intents and purposes he shouldn’t be here,\" says Phillips' oncologist, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fvho.org/providers/timothy-goggins-md/\" target=\"_blank\">Timothy Goggins\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Goggins and Phillips both credit his survival to a lung cancer drug that isn't available in the U.S. and that Phillips has had to purchase illegally in Cuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Cancer won’t be cured, it will be turned into a chronic condition.’\u003ccite>Agustin Lage,Cuba’s Center of Molecular Immunology\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>U.S. researchers think if the treatment works it could be used to prevent lung cancer in patients that are high risk. \u003ca href=\"https://www.roswellpark.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Roswell Park Cancer Institute\u003c/a> in Buffalo, New York has begun testing CIMAvax, the Cuban-developed immunotherapy for lung cancer. If successful, the trial will pave the way for potential FDA approval, after which the drug could become commercially available in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The medicine has relatively minor side effects and appears to have \u003ca href=\"http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2016/02/27/1078-0432.CCR-15-0855\" target=\"_blank\">prolonged the lives of patients\u003c/a> who have stage four lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CIMAvax stimulates the body's immune system to fight the lung cancer. In this way it's a vaccine, but one that you take to stop the spread of late-stage cancer rather than prevent it in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a flu vaccine,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.roswellpark.org/grace-dy\" target=\"_blank\">Dr. Grace Dy\u003c/a>, principal investigator for the trial. \"It’s the same concept. You give a drug so the body develops an antibody to the drug;\u003cb> \u003c/b>you’re using your body’s own natural systems to develop a therapy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lung cancer kills \u003ca href=\"http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/learn-about-lung-cancer/lung-cancer-fact-sheet.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\">nearly 160,000 Americans\u003c/a> annually. \u003c/span>Most people are diagnosed at a late stage and more than half die within a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is likely the first time the \u003ca href=\"https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02955290\" target=\"_blank\">FDA has allowed\u003c/a> a clinical trial of a Cuban-made therapy in a U.S. health care facility. It's not uncommon for the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>FDA to allow U.S. clinical trials in order to study therapies from other countries. It is extremely rare, however, for that therapy to come from Cuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's popular\u003cstrong>.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As of mid-November, nearly 200 people had \u003ca href=\"https://www.roswellpark.org/cimavax-form/?utm_source=page&utm_medium=button&utm_term=form1&utm_content=cimavax\" target=\"_blank\">applied online\u003c/a> to participate in the 60-90 person Phase II and Phase III studies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m not surprised that there’s interest,” says Dr. Dy. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When you have cancer and it’s potentially life-threatening you want to explore all the options.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_281617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-281617\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage.jpg\" alt=\"Dr. Augustin Lage (left) in Havana with Mick Phillips, researcher Gisela Gonzalez, and Maya Phillips.\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/DrAgustinLage-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Augustin Lage (left) in Havana with Mick Phillips, researcher Gisela Gonzalez, and Maya Phillips. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Maya Phillips)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mick Phillips didn't think he had much longer to live when he brought back CIMAvax from Cuba in 2011 and asked a nurse friend to give him the injections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He had a 5 percent chance of living five years,\" says Dr. Goggins who practices at \u003ca href=\"http://www.fvho.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Fox Valley Hemotology & Oncology\u003c/a> in Appleton, Wisconsin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Phillips is in remission from stage 4 lung cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I keep telling people, if you believe in God, it’s God,\" says Dr. Goggins. \"If you believe in science, it’s CIMAvax.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How\u003c/strong> \u003cstrong>the Cancer Vaccine Works\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lung cancer cells feed off a protein called epidermal growth factor or EGF. The protein supports normal cell growth but also fuels cancer cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine triggers the immune system to create antibodies that bind to and remove\u003cb> \u003c/b>EGF, thereby starving the cancer of its \"food.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"100%\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/RaP4TsslJGw?rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Normal cells can live without EGF and use other growth-promoting proteins instead. But the cancer cells can't, and without EGF they're unable to multiply and spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CIMAvax has relatively few side effects when compared to chemotherapy, the traditional standard of care for late stage lung cancer. Chemo is hard on the body because it kills healthy cells (in addition to cancer cells) and causes side effects like hair loss, vomiting, loss of appetite and exhaustion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because CIMAvax doesn't kill cells, its side effects are relatively minor, such as chills or a fever that can be treated with over-the-counter medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuban patients that responded to CIMAvax had high levels of EGF, and t\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">heir bodies produced high levels of antibodies to combat the protein after they received the vaccine.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roswell Park will be looking to see if the same response emerges in its clinical trial— whether the most significant improvement is in patients with high EGF and antibody levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the study shows promise it could be good news for other types of cancer that also rely on EGF, such as prostate, breast and colon cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most recent \u003ca href=\"http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2016/06/24/1078-0432.CCR-15-0855\" target=\"_blank\">Cuban clinical trial \u003c/a>of CIMAvax is comparatively small at about 400 patients, which raises questions about how reliable the findings are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF oncologist \u003ca href=\"http://www.bivonalab.net/people/\" target=\"_blank\">Trever Bivona\u003c/a> says the study isn't large enough to determine whether the findings are statistically significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_278549\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-278549\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3.jpeg\" alt=\"The lung cancer vaccine is currently available in Cuba, Peru, Venezuela, Paraguay, Colombia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. U.S. researchers start clinical trials this month.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1240\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3.jpeg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-160x103.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-800x517.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-768x496.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-1020x659.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-1180x762.jpeg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-960x620.jpeg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-240x155.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-375x242.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/11/CIMAvax-EGF-3-520x336.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The lung cancer vaccine is currently available in Cuba, Peru, Venezuela, Paraguay, Colombia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. U.S. researchers start clinical trials this month. \u003ccite>(Centro de Inmunología Molecular)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I think we need a bigger more controlled study before making any conclusions,\" Bivona says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other problem with the Cuba study is that it had no control group. It compared patients getting CIMAvax to patients getting palliative care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There may be preliminary findings here,\" Bivona says, \"but it’s certainly not a slam dunk.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Will Cuban Drugs Be Approved Under Trump?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're contemplating a flight to Havana, it's important to note that most U.S. travel to Cuba is still restricted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">U.S. Treasury Office of Foreign Assets Control says people and companies can \u003ca href=\"https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Pages/licensing.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">apply for a specific license\u003c/a> to visit Cuba and purchase pharmaceuticals like CIMAvax. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Because the relationship between\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Cuba and America has warmed, federal officials could potentially approve an application due to this change in \"foreign relations.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, President-elect Donald Trump has vowed to overturn all of President Obama's executive orders. Though it's unclear what that means, Obama's \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2014/12/17/fact-sheet-charting-new-course-cuba\" target=\"_blank\">2014 executive order\u003c/a> on Cuba expanded opportunities for Americans to legally visit Cuba.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Vice President-elect Mike Pence has specifically said he will \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/mike-pence-cuba-executive-orders-229827\" target=\"_blank\">reverse Barack Obama’s executive orders on Cuba\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless, Dr. Dy says CIMAvax won't be available in pharmacies anytime soon. Roswell Park will start phase I of the clinical trial this month and it'll be months before it can start phase II and then phase III. She says an ambitious goal would be to have the medicine available by 2021.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Lasagna & Kleenex: Reaching Out Online in the Face of Death",
"title": "Lasagna & Kleenex: Reaching Out Online in the Face of Death",
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"content": "\u003cp>UPDATE: Steve Julian died on April 24, 2016. KPCC published a lovely tribute \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/04/24/58999/steve-julian-longtime-voice-of-kpcc-s-morning-edit/\">here\u003c/a>. His wife, Felicia Friesema, wrote on the blog she's been maintaining during his last months, \"He left this world surrounded by love, in the comfort of the home we made together, in his own bed.\" Our hearts go out to Felicia in this time of grief. We trust this story provided some measure of comfort for her when it first went up on April 1, 2016. We hope that others who encounter this story now, after Steve's death, share our profound love and compassion for those who suffer from devastating diseases, as well as those who care for them, all the way through to the end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"My experience on social media is that it has always been a connecting fiber. I think that, like anything, you get out of it what you put into it.\" -- Felicia Friesema\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felicia had seen the signs of brain cancer before. Her husband Steve Julian wasn't just forgetting his keys on the kitchen counter or having another of the myriad brain farts we often associate with middle age. He'd stop in the middle of a sentence, like he'd just hit a brick wall, and that was that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It wasn’t that kind of gradual onset that Alzheimer’s is. It didn’t sound or feel like dementia. This was so sudden -- and it was very eerily similar to what happened to my aunt, my tia Gloria,\" Felicia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, it was her husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, they've built a cozy life together in a sweet, spacious home overlooking the 110 freeway in Highland Park. She's head of marketing for \u003ca href=\"http://foothilltransit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Foothill Transit\u003c/a>. Steve Julian is one of a handful of trusted voices helping Angelenos navigate the freeways every day, as morning anchor for KPCC-FM. In his off hours, he writes \u003ca href=\"https://stevejulian.wordpress.com/resume/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">plays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he was having trouble navigating his way through a sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Technically, all tumors are operable,\" Felicia explains. \"The question that comes into play is: What are you willing to sacrifice in order to get it out? The position and location of his tumor is such that you would have to completely destroy a lot of healthy brain tissue in order to remove it. You would be creating a situation of paralysis, major cognitive dysfunction, irreversible brain damage, and ultimately for possibly very little reward. There’s no way of skirting around it: I was looking at his death.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916469\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 526px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10916469\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18926_28415_1471890202083_544618_n-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Steve Julian and Felicia Friesema in happier times.\" width=\"526\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18926_28415_1471890202083_544618_n-qut.jpg 526w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18926_28415_1471890202083_544618_n-qut-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Julian and Felicia Friesema in happier times. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Felicia Friesema)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Around Thanksgiving last year, Steve was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer at the age of 57. They decided not to try to stretch his last months with chemo and radiation therapy. Steve has less time than he might have, but he can eat what he wants, sleep with their dogs, and squeeze the last juice out of the days that remain with Felicia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's taking time off from work, thanks to a compassionate boss. In the 20 or more hours a day that Steve now sleeps, Felicia takes care of everything else: the meals, the housekeeping, the medicine, insurance and the emotional management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, friends and family are helping. Larry Mantle, Steve's dearest pal, comes over for company and a wee dram of whiskey. Friends have delivered dozens of lasagnas to the doorstep and whipped out their credit cards to cover what insurance doesn't. But at the end of the day, Felicia is alone. And every morning, there's a little bit less of Steve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout alignright\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http://u.s.kqed.net/2015/09/14/LITDApodcastlogo.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/love-in-the-digital-age/id1037051180?mt=2\">Subscribe in iTunes\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Don't miss an episode of 'Love in the Digital Age'\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch3>Reaching Out Online\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It was a few months in when I noticed Felicia's journal on \u003ca href=\"http://www.caringbridge.org/visit/stevejulian/journal/view/id/56f6a61ba689b47372c967f7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Caring Bridge\u003c/a>. She had me at \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.caringbridge.org/visit/stevejulian/journal/view/id/565ec52eab28b93a26d70415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hello\u003c/a>.\" The same was true for my \"Love in the Digital Age\" co-producer Polly Stryker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We recognized a kindred spirit: someone else in the special club of those who have lost or who are losing a close loved one. We had to fly down to Los Angeles and meet this woman who wrote so deeply, thoughtfully, and with such compassion, about a journey no one chooses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I know that this is treacherous ground we walk on and that time is of the essence. We wake up to the juxtaposition of joy in another day together and terror at what may come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no detailed prognosis yet. But we do know that there is no outcome we like. And I have never been so scared. But I have also never been so completely full of love for him.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That was Dec. 2, 2015. At that point, Steve could still help Felicia craft a communique to friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I miss being at work and in the studio. I miss being with all the people I love at KPCC. I’m still good at traffic. We chose UCLA for the surgery and treatment and navigating to the westside can be tricky. The tumor can take away what I had for dinner, but not my memory of the traffic jams I've sat in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am sad. I feel the unfairness of all of this. But I also feel the love for my wife, which grows every day as she balances the technical work of our affairs with the emotional work of our daily life. Like making sure I eat three solid meals. And I mean really solid. Four, sometimes. She tells me I'm loved about a hundred times a day -- I remember a few of them. Larry [Mantle, host of \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/airtalk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Air Talk\u003c/a>], my brother in all but blood, is a rock for both of us and has been by our side from diagnosis until now.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Many people facing down the gun barrel of something this awful retreat into family. But Felicia reached out from the beginning to friends online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We kind of had to,\" she explains. \"We’ve kind of got a unique and peculiar situation. I mean, Steve’s a very popular radio host in a very large market. He’s also incredibly involved in the theater community here. He also used to be a cop. So, you have these seemingly disparate communities that he’s connected to. That’s thousands of people: his most intimate friends all the way down to the casual listener.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the peace and quiet of their home on the hill, when Steve is sleeping, Felicia can write about all the medical details it would be exhausting to repeat to people in one individual conversation after another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felicia is also using the blog to process what's happening in her world, \"to take this jumbled puzzle piece of post-it notes and ideas and thoughts and put them together into something that is like 'Oh! Okay.' Usually, I don’t know when I’m going to conclude until I start writing, and by the end of it, I’m like, 'Oh, that’s my “aha” moment. Okay. Alright.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Facebook, for a smaller, closer audience, Felicia shares bite-sized missives from her daily journey: proof the bees in the backyard are making \"So. Much. Honey.\"; the desperate wish MRI machines played Brian Eno instead of frightening clicks and buzzing; rage against the insurance company; pride in yet another crazy beautiful meal made for Steve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10916471\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Felicia's not your regular home cook. She studied at the Ecole de Cuisine in Pasadena. A friend did a story on Munchies about the food she makes for Steve.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut.jpg 852w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Felicia's not your regular home cook. She studied at the Ecole de Cuisine in Pasadena. A friend did a story on \u003ca href=\"https://munchies.vice.com/en/articles/how-to-enjoy-every-bite-with-stage-four-brain-cancer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Munchies \u003c/a>about the food she makes for Steve. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Felicia Friesema)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And then there are the jokes. If anything, staring down death has heightened their sense of humor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Fun with brain cancer:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve: Jen!\u003cbr>\nMe: Yeah babe (knowing full well he was calling for me)\u003cbr>\nSteve: Oh I'm sorry. I just called you Jen.\u003cspan class=\"text_exposed_show\">\u003cbr>\nMe: Yeah I know babe. It's ok. What's up?\u003cbr>\nSteve: (tells me some stuff he needs)\u003cbr>\nMe: No problem. By the way, (smiling) I'd like to know who the hell Jen is.\u003cbr>\nSteve: (chuckles) So would I!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The love has come pouring in from a wide variety of corners. By Jan. 4, Felicia reported that more than 100 people had made deliveries, run errands or have completed tasks around the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve’s had a\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/offramp/2015/12/17/45619/help-kpcc-s-steve-julian-by-eating-a-sandwich/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> sandwich named after him\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/waxpaperco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wax Paper\u003c/a>, a local sandwich shop with a thing for public radio. Friends have \u003ca href=\"http://theworthyadversary.com/3933-dying-and-living\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blogged about Steve\u003c/a>. Local Morning Edition hosts across the country recorded their \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2_kbXF8hqc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">well wishes\u003c/a> on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People, Felicia says, \"are grateful for being included, or grateful just to know that Steve’s okay for now. Or they’re grateful for an opportunity to help. I’d been crying so hard just a few days ago. I just couldn’t stop. I was so sad and so dejected. And at the end of the day, my status update on Facebook was, 'There just aren’t enough tissues in the box.' So, the next day, what arrives on my doorstep, but a case of Kleenex? And the message was, 'We know that this isn’t enough, but hopefully it helps.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916518\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10916518\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Steve Julian of KPCC in Los Angeles gets a studio named after him, and a great, big hug from President and CEO Bill Davis.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Julian of KPCC in Los Angeles gets a studio named after him, and a great, big hug from President and CEO Bill Davis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Felicia Friesema)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"One of the things we’ve been focusing on,\" Felicia says, \"is making sure that every day is about some kind of pleasure; some kind of happy moment, some laugh, something in there that actually makes the day not a routine of care-giving.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felicia sighs. \"You know, something that reminds us that there are all these wonderful pieces to life and that living it doesn’t stop with a cancer diagnosis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What remains online from this journey is a whole lot more than the testament to the love people have for Steve and Felicia. It's a social network, in the best sense, that will be there for Felicia, waiting to engage and respond any time she wants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916470\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10916470 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"I’m very, very happy with the way that life has turned out. Where it would have gone, who knows?\" says Steve. \"I don’t care what we would have done together ...\" \"As long as we were together,\" says Felicia, finishing his sentence. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This podcast features music by Glenn Gould (Toccata in D Major), Windy & Carl (Balance (Trembling)), Labradford (Wien), Aix Em Klemm (3x2 (Exit)) and Yo La Tengo (Green Arrow). Special thanks to the California Report's LA Bureau Chief Steven Cuevas for his production support.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>UPDATE: Steve Julian died on April 24, 2016. KPCC published a lovely tribute \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2016/04/24/58999/steve-julian-longtime-voice-of-kpcc-s-morning-edit/\">here\u003c/a>. His wife, Felicia Friesema, wrote on the blog she's been maintaining during his last months, \"He left this world surrounded by love, in the comfort of the home we made together, in his own bed.\" Our hearts go out to Felicia in this time of grief. We trust this story provided some measure of comfort for her when it first went up on April 1, 2016. We hope that others who encounter this story now, after Steve's death, share our profound love and compassion for those who suffer from devastating diseases, as well as those who care for them, all the way through to the end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"My experience on social media is that it has always been a connecting fiber. I think that, like anything, you get out of it what you put into it.\" -- Felicia Friesema\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felicia had seen the signs of brain cancer before. Her husband Steve Julian wasn't just forgetting his keys on the kitchen counter or having another of the myriad brain farts we often associate with middle age. He'd stop in the middle of a sentence, like he'd just hit a brick wall, and that was that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It wasn’t that kind of gradual onset that Alzheimer’s is. It didn’t sound or feel like dementia. This was so sudden -- and it was very eerily similar to what happened to my aunt, my tia Gloria,\" Felicia says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time, it was her husband.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, they've built a cozy life together in a sweet, spacious home overlooking the 110 freeway in Highland Park. She's head of marketing for \u003ca href=\"http://foothilltransit.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Foothill Transit\u003c/a>. Steve Julian is one of a handful of trusted voices helping Angelenos navigate the freeways every day, as morning anchor for KPCC-FM. In his off hours, he writes \u003ca href=\"https://stevejulian.wordpress.com/resume/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">plays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, he was having trouble navigating his way through a sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Technically, all tumors are operable,\" Felicia explains. \"The question that comes into play is: What are you willing to sacrifice in order to get it out? The position and location of his tumor is such that you would have to completely destroy a lot of healthy brain tissue in order to remove it. You would be creating a situation of paralysis, major cognitive dysfunction, irreversible brain damage, and ultimately for possibly very little reward. There’s no way of skirting around it: I was looking at his death.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916469\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 526px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-10916469\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18926_28415_1471890202083_544618_n-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Steve Julian and Felicia Friesema in happier times.\" width=\"526\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18926_28415_1471890202083_544618_n-qut.jpg 526w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18926_28415_1471890202083_544618_n-qut-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Julian and Felicia Friesema in happier times. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Felicia Friesema)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Around Thanksgiving last year, Steve was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer at the age of 57. They decided not to try to stretch his last months with chemo and radiation therapy. Steve has less time than he might have, but he can eat what he wants, sleep with their dogs, and squeeze the last juice out of the days that remain with Felicia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She's taking time off from work, thanks to a compassionate boss. In the 20 or more hours a day that Steve now sleeps, Felicia takes care of everything else: the meals, the housekeeping, the medicine, insurance and the emotional management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, friends and family are helping. Larry Mantle, Steve's dearest pal, comes over for company and a wee dram of whiskey. Friends have delivered dozens of lasagnas to the doorstep and whipped out their credit cards to cover what insurance doesn't. But at the end of the day, Felicia is alone. And every morning, there's a little bit less of Steve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"callout alignright\">\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft\" src=\"http://u.s.kqed.net/2015/09/14/LITDApodcastlogo.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/love-in-the-digital-age/id1037051180?mt=2\">Subscribe in iTunes\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Don't miss an episode of 'Love in the Digital Age'\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch3>Reaching Out Online\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It was a few months in when I noticed Felicia's journal on \u003ca href=\"http://www.caringbridge.org/visit/stevejulian/journal/view/id/56f6a61ba689b47372c967f7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Caring Bridge\u003c/a>. She had me at \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.caringbridge.org/visit/stevejulian/journal/view/id/565ec52eab28b93a26d70415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hello\u003c/a>.\" The same was true for my \"Love in the Digital Age\" co-producer Polly Stryker.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We recognized a kindred spirit: someone else in the special club of those who have lost or who are losing a close loved one. We had to fly down to Los Angeles and meet this woman who wrote so deeply, thoughtfully, and with such compassion, about a journey no one chooses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I know that this is treacherous ground we walk on and that time is of the essence. We wake up to the juxtaposition of joy in another day together and terror at what may come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is no detailed prognosis yet. But we do know that there is no outcome we like. And I have never been so scared. But I have also never been so completely full of love for him.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That was Dec. 2, 2015. At that point, Steve could still help Felicia craft a communique to friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>I miss being at work and in the studio. I miss being with all the people I love at KPCC. I’m still good at traffic. We chose UCLA for the surgery and treatment and navigating to the westside can be tricky. The tumor can take away what I had for dinner, but not my memory of the traffic jams I've sat in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am sad. I feel the unfairness of all of this. But I also feel the love for my wife, which grows every day as she balances the technical work of our affairs with the emotional work of our daily life. Like making sure I eat three solid meals. And I mean really solid. Four, sometimes. She tells me I'm loved about a hundred times a day -- I remember a few of them. Larry [Mantle, host of \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/airtalk/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Air Talk\u003c/a>], my brother in all but blood, is a rock for both of us and has been by our side from diagnosis until now.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Many people facing down the gun barrel of something this awful retreat into family. But Felicia reached out from the beginning to friends online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We kind of had to,\" she explains. \"We’ve kind of got a unique and peculiar situation. I mean, Steve’s a very popular radio host in a very large market. He’s also incredibly involved in the theater community here. He also used to be a cop. So, you have these seemingly disparate communities that he’s connected to. That’s thousands of people: his most intimate friends all the way down to the casual listener.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the peace and quiet of their home on the hill, when Steve is sleeping, Felicia can write about all the medical details it would be exhausting to repeat to people in one individual conversation after another.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felicia is also using the blog to process what's happening in her world, \"to take this jumbled puzzle piece of post-it notes and ideas and thoughts and put them together into something that is like 'Oh! Okay.' Usually, I don’t know when I’m going to conclude until I start writing, and by the end of it, I’m like, 'Oh, that’s my “aha” moment. Okay. Alright.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Facebook, for a smaller, closer audience, Felicia shares bite-sized missives from her daily journey: proof the bees in the backyard are making \"So. Much. Honey.\"; the desperate wish MRI machines played Brian Eno instead of frightening clicks and buzzing; rage against the insurance company; pride in yet another crazy beautiful meal made for Steve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916471\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10916471\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Felicia's not your regular home cook. She studied at the Ecole de Cuisine in Pasadena. A friend did a story on Munchies about the food she makes for Steve.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18924_12915065_10209620722699730_2121111238_o-qut.jpg 852w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Felicia's not your regular home cook. She studied at the Ecole de Cuisine in Pasadena. A friend did a story on \u003ca href=\"https://munchies.vice.com/en/articles/how-to-enjoy-every-bite-with-stage-four-brain-cancer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Munchies \u003c/a>about the food she makes for Steve. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Felicia Friesema)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And then there are the jokes. If anything, staring down death has heightened their sense of humor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Fun with brain cancer:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve: Jen!\u003cbr>\nMe: Yeah babe (knowing full well he was calling for me)\u003cbr>\nSteve: Oh I'm sorry. I just called you Jen.\u003cspan class=\"text_exposed_show\">\u003cbr>\nMe: Yeah I know babe. It's ok. What's up?\u003cbr>\nSteve: (tells me some stuff he needs)\u003cbr>\nMe: No problem. By the way, (smiling) I'd like to know who the hell Jen is.\u003cbr>\nSteve: (chuckles) So would I!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The love has come pouring in from a wide variety of corners. By Jan. 4, Felicia reported that more than 100 people had made deliveries, run errands or have completed tasks around the house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve’s had a\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/offramp/2015/12/17/45619/help-kpcc-s-steve-julian-by-eating-a-sandwich/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> sandwich named after him\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/waxpaperco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wax Paper\u003c/a>, a local sandwich shop with a thing for public radio. Friends have \u003ca href=\"http://theworthyadversary.com/3933-dying-and-living\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blogged about Steve\u003c/a>. Local Morning Edition hosts across the country recorded their \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2_kbXF8hqc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">well wishes\u003c/a> on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People, Felicia says, \"are grateful for being included, or grateful just to know that Steve’s okay for now. Or they’re grateful for an opportunity to help. I’d been crying so hard just a few days ago. I just couldn’t stop. I was so sad and so dejected. And at the end of the day, my status update on Facebook was, 'There just aren’t enough tissues in the box.' So, the next day, what arrives on my doorstep, but a case of Kleenex? And the message was, 'We know that this isn’t enough, but hopefully it helps.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916518\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10916518\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"Steve Julian of KPCC in Los Angeles gets a studio named after him, and a great, big hug from President and CEO Bill Davis.\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-800x800.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18951_12509907_10209043469708766_6711914423749049661_n-qut-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Julian of KPCC in Los Angeles gets a studio named after him, and a great, big hug from President and CEO Bill Davis. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Felicia Friesema)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"One of the things we’ve been focusing on,\" Felicia says, \"is making sure that every day is about some kind of pleasure; some kind of happy moment, some laugh, something in there that actually makes the day not a routine of care-giving.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felicia sighs. \"You know, something that reminds us that there are all these wonderful pieces to life and that living it doesn’t stop with a cancer diagnosis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What remains online from this journey is a whole lot more than the testament to the love people have for Steve and Felicia. It's a social network, in the best sense, that will be there for Felicia, waiting to engage and respond any time she wants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10916470\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-10916470 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/04/RS18925_IMG_6925-qut-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"I’m very, very happy with the way that life has turned out. Where it would have gone, who knows?\" says Steve. \"I don’t care what we would have done together ...\" \"As long as we were together,\" says Felicia, finishing his sentence. \u003ccite>(Rachael Myrow/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This podcast features music by Glenn Gould (Toccata in D Major), Windy & Carl (Balance (Trembling)), Labradford (Wien), Aix Em Klemm (3x2 (Exit)) and Yo La Tengo (Green Arrow). Special thanks to the California Report's LA Bureau Chief Steven Cuevas for his production support.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Five Criticisms of Obama and Biden's 'Cancer Moonshot'",
"title": "Five Criticisms of Obama and Biden's 'Cancer Moonshot'",
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"content": "\u003cp>Vice President Joe Biden \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/01/19/cancer-moonshot-video-replay-of-davos-roundtable/\" target=\"_blank\">convened a panel of cancer research experts \u003c/a>today at the Davos World Economic Forum, the culmination of a week's worth of discussion and media coverage since President Obama announced \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/265671-obama-launches-effort-to-cure-cancer-once-and-for-all\" target=\"_blank\">during his State of the Union address\u003c/a> that he would put Biden \"in charge of mission control\" for a cancer moonshot -- a national initiative to cure the disease (or rather, group of diseases), which the American Cancer Society \u003ca href=\"http://www.cancer.org/research/cancerfactsstatistics/cancerfactsfigures2015/\" target=\"_blank\">projected would kill more than 589,000 Americans\u003c/a> in 2015 alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be sure, there's been much \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/01/14/health/brawley-obamas-cancer-moonshot-save-lives/\" target=\"_blank\">excitement\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jan/14/cancer-cure-joe-biden-medical-research\" target=\"_blank\">optimism\u003c/a> about a well-funded national commitment for a cure. And the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2015/05/30/e1ac5a2a-0731-11e5-a428-c984eb077d4e_story.html\" target=\"_blank\">death last year of the vice president's son\u003c/a>, Beau Biden, from brain cancer has brought to the effort a high-profile reminder of the toll cancer takes on so many lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the initiative is not completely without its skeptics. Here are extracts from five criticisms around the web:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/14/health/moonshot-to-cure-cancer-to-be-led-by-biden-relies-on-outmoded-view-of-disease.html\" target=\"_blank\">‘Moonshot’ to Cure Cancer, to Be Led by Biden, Relies on Outmoded View of Disease\u003c/a> (NY Times)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>While Mr. Biden’s focus has already made some meaningful difference — he negotiated with Republican congressional leaders a $264 million increase in funding for the National Cancer Institute, the largest in a decade for an agency that has been squeezed by static budgets in recent years — the chances of reaching a moment of victory as the analogy “moonshot” suggests seem entirely unrealistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about getting to one point in a certain period of time,” said Dr. Harold Varmus, a Nobel laureate and former director of the National Cancer Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike in 1971, when President Nixon launched his cancer war, researchers now understand that cancer is not one disease but essentially hundreds. The very notion of a single cure — or as Mr. Obama put it, making “America the country that cures cancer once and for all” — is misleading and outdated.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/obama-cancer-moonshot-is-misinformed-2016-1\" target=\"_blank\">There's a worrisome problem with Obama's 'moonshot for cancer' plan\u003c/a> (Business Insider)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Cancer is different from many genetic diseases, such as sickle cell or Huntington's, in that it is not linked with a few specific, identifiable genes. Instead it is the result of a whole bunch of mutations, tens of hundreds of tiny twists and pinches in our genes. These mutations are constantly changing and evolving, becoming increasingly resistant to our drugs. And genetics, of course, is not the only cause of cancer — environmental and behavioral factors matter. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To say each cancer tumor is unique would be an understatement. \"Virtually every tumor looks different from every other tumor,\" Varmus said. That makes designing drugs to beat them difficult. Many new treatments work only for a tiny subsection of patients, those with a specific subtype of one particular kind of cancer. These are exciting developments, but they don't begin to move the needle on treating — not to mention curing — cancer as a whole.\u003ca target=\"_blank\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.macleans.ca/politics/washington/is-obamas-plan-to-cure-cancer-a-moonshot-or-a-pluto-shot/\" target=\"_blank\">Is Obama’s plan to cure cancer a ‘moonshot’? Or a ‘Pluto-shot’?\u003c/a>(Maclean's)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>New thinking suggests that seeking to “cure” or eradicate cancer is misbegotten. In his acclaimed 2013 book The Cancer Chronicles: Unlocking Medicine’s Deepest Mystery, George Johnson writes that decades of research have forced scientists to reconcile themselves to the paradox that most cancers result from the very cellular activities that support life, not only from destructive environmental culprits like cigarette smoke and UV rays. That means fixing the mechanisms that underlie cancer would also disrupt the cellular functions that keep us alive and evolving. Cancers in children tend to include fewer mutations, which make them more curable, Johnson writes. That’s not the case for cancers in older patients which are believed to result from the accumulation of many mutations over time. Johnson’s conclusion upends the orthodoxy underlying an entrenched cancer treatment complex worth $100 billion globally: “The best response might not be to fight back with chemotherapy and radiation, increasing the stress,” Johnson writes, “but to somehow maintain the exuberant cells—the tumor—in a quiescent state, something that can be lived with.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4178742/cancer-moonshot-obama/\" target=\"_blank\">Why Curing Cancer Is Not a ‘Moonshot’\u003c/a> (Time)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Scientists have long known cancer isn’t one disease—it’s perhaps 100 or more, with the number growing as different types and sub-types are better understood. Making things worse, there will be perhaps 1.6 million Americans diagnosed with cancer in the U.S. alone this year, and each of those cases will be in some ways unique. That’s part of the reason two people with the same kind of cancer diagnosed at the same stage and receiving the same treatment can have radically different outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually “curing cancer”—in the larger global sense of simply wiping it out—would require personalized care, designed around every single patient with any single type of the disease. And in order to administer that kind of tailored care to every single person diagnosed with cancer, a whole lot more research is going to be needed. That may not be an unattainable goal—but it’s a devilishly complicated one.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/dear-mr-president-please-stop-with-these-science-moonshots/\" target=\"_blank\">Dear Mr. President: Please stop with these science “moonshots”\u003c/a> (Ars Technica) Nebulous concepts like \"end all cancer\" get good applause—curing all cancers is right up there with sunshine and puppies. But such concepts are effectively meaningless. Richard Nixon declared a war on cancer back in 1971. The National Cancer Institute is the largest of all NIH institutes and in Fiscal Year 2016 its budget is $5.1 billion (out of NIH's total of $31 billion). Is the implication that that money is just being wasted right now? That it was insufficient all along, and nobody cared or realized?\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Vice President Joe Biden \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2016/01/19/cancer-moonshot-video-replay-of-davos-roundtable/\" target=\"_blank\">convened a panel of cancer research experts \u003c/a>today at the Davos World Economic Forum, the culmination of a week's worth of discussion and media coverage since President Obama announced \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/265671-obama-launches-effort-to-cure-cancer-once-and-for-all\" target=\"_blank\">during his State of the Union address\u003c/a> that he would put Biden \"in charge of mission control\" for a cancer moonshot -- a national initiative to cure the disease (or rather, group of diseases), which the American Cancer Society \u003ca href=\"http://www.cancer.org/research/cancerfactsstatistics/cancerfactsfigures2015/\" target=\"_blank\">projected would kill more than 589,000 Americans\u003c/a> in 2015 alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be sure, there's been much \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/01/14/health/brawley-obamas-cancer-moonshot-save-lives/\" target=\"_blank\">excitement\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jan/14/cancer-cure-joe-biden-medical-research\" target=\"_blank\">optimism\u003c/a> about a well-funded national commitment for a cure. And the \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2015/05/30/e1ac5a2a-0731-11e5-a428-c984eb077d4e_story.html\" target=\"_blank\">death last year of the vice president's son\u003c/a>, Beau Biden, from brain cancer has brought to the effort a high-profile reminder of the toll cancer takes on so many lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the initiative is not completely without its skeptics. Here are extracts from five criticisms around the web:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/14/health/moonshot-to-cure-cancer-to-be-led-by-biden-relies-on-outmoded-view-of-disease.html\" target=\"_blank\">‘Moonshot’ to Cure Cancer, to Be Led by Biden, Relies on Outmoded View of Disease\u003c/a> (NY Times)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>While Mr. Biden’s focus has already made some meaningful difference — he negotiated with Republican congressional leaders a $264 million increase in funding for the National Cancer Institute, the largest in a decade for an agency that has been squeezed by static budgets in recent years — the chances of reaching a moment of victory as the analogy “moonshot” suggests seem entirely unrealistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about getting to one point in a certain period of time,” said Dr. Harold Varmus, a Nobel laureate and former director of the National Cancer Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike in 1971, when President Nixon launched his cancer war, researchers now understand that cancer is not one disease but essentially hundreds. The very notion of a single cure — or as Mr. Obama put it, making “America the country that cures cancer once and for all” — is misleading and outdated.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.businessinsider.com/obama-cancer-moonshot-is-misinformed-2016-1\" target=\"_blank\">There's a worrisome problem with Obama's 'moonshot for cancer' plan\u003c/a> (Business Insider)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Cancer is different from many genetic diseases, such as sickle cell or Huntington's, in that it is not linked with a few specific, identifiable genes. Instead it is the result of a whole bunch of mutations, tens of hundreds of tiny twists and pinches in our genes. These mutations are constantly changing and evolving, becoming increasingly resistant to our drugs. And genetics, of course, is not the only cause of cancer — environmental and behavioral factors matter. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To say each cancer tumor is unique would be an understatement. \"Virtually every tumor looks different from every other tumor,\" Varmus said. That makes designing drugs to beat them difficult. Many new treatments work only for a tiny subsection of patients, those with a specific subtype of one particular kind of cancer. These are exciting developments, but they don't begin to move the needle on treating — not to mention curing — cancer as a whole.\u003ca target=\"_blank\"> \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.macleans.ca/politics/washington/is-obamas-plan-to-cure-cancer-a-moonshot-or-a-pluto-shot/\" target=\"_blank\">Is Obama’s plan to cure cancer a ‘moonshot’? Or a ‘Pluto-shot’?\u003c/a>(Maclean's)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>New thinking suggests that seeking to “cure” or eradicate cancer is misbegotten. In his acclaimed 2013 book The Cancer Chronicles: Unlocking Medicine’s Deepest Mystery, George Johnson writes that decades of research have forced scientists to reconcile themselves to the paradox that most cancers result from the very cellular activities that support life, not only from destructive environmental culprits like cigarette smoke and UV rays. That means fixing the mechanisms that underlie cancer would also disrupt the cellular functions that keep us alive and evolving. Cancers in children tend to include fewer mutations, which make them more curable, Johnson writes. That’s not the case for cancers in older patients which are believed to result from the accumulation of many mutations over time. Johnson’s conclusion upends the orthodoxy underlying an entrenched cancer treatment complex worth $100 billion globally: “The best response might not be to fight back with chemotherapy and radiation, increasing the stress,” Johnson writes, “but to somehow maintain the exuberant cells—the tumor—in a quiescent state, something that can be lived with.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4178742/cancer-moonshot-obama/\" target=\"_blank\">Why Curing Cancer Is Not a ‘Moonshot’\u003c/a> (Time)\u003cbr>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Scientists have long known cancer isn’t one disease—it’s perhaps 100 or more, with the number growing as different types and sub-types are better understood. Making things worse, there will be perhaps 1.6 million Americans diagnosed with cancer in the U.S. alone this year, and each of those cases will be in some ways unique. That’s part of the reason two people with the same kind of cancer diagnosed at the same stage and receiving the same treatment can have radically different outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Actually “curing cancer”—in the larger global sense of simply wiping it out—would require personalized care, designed around every single patient with any single type of the disease. And in order to administer that kind of tailored care to every single person diagnosed with cancer, a whole lot more research is going to be needed. That may not be an unattainable goal—but it’s a devilishly complicated one.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://arstechnica.com/science/2016/01/dear-mr-president-please-stop-with-these-science-moonshots/\" target=\"_blank\">Dear Mr. President: Please stop with these science “moonshots”\u003c/a> (Ars Technica) Nebulous concepts like \"end all cancer\" get good applause—curing all cancers is right up there with sunshine and puppies. But such concepts are effectively meaningless. Richard Nixon declared a war on cancer back in 1971. The National Cancer Institute is the largest of all NIH institutes and in Fiscal Year 2016 its budget is $5.1 billion (out of NIH's total of $31 billion). Is the implication that that money is just being wasted right now? That it was insufficient all along, and nobody cared or realized?\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofhope.org/\">City of Hope\u003c/a> hospital and research center in Duarte (Los Angeles County) is pioneering a new way to treat cancer that involves genetically modifying a patient’s own immune system so it can better detect and attack tumors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical trials are still in early stages, but the approach is catching on and could be a big step forward for the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189119912\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patient Cherie Payne was part of an experimental study to test the procedure. She was diagnosed with a rare blood cancer known as mantle cell lymphoma in the summer of 2013. By the time doctors discovered it, the cancer had spread to 60 percent of her bone marrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, she panicked. But the 63-year-old native Angeleno quickly changed her perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Payne worked for years as a project manager at the Screen Actors Guild pension and health plan, so she was use to tackling tough problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think my project management just kicked in,\" she recalled. \"What do I need to (do), how long is it going to take, what should I expect? I just had to lay it all out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using referrals, message boards and an uncanny ability to schedule her life even in turmoil, Payne found City of Hope in fall 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She signed up for an experimental trial that involved modifying a key part of the immune system called a T Cell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/01/23/49415/cancer-hunting-t-cells-used-in-pioneering-new-trea/\">Read the full story via KPCC\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cityofhope.org/\">City of Hope\u003c/a> hospital and research center in Duarte (Los Angeles County) is pioneering a new way to treat cancer that involves genetically modifying a patient’s own immune system so it can better detect and attack tumors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical trials are still in early stages, but the approach is catching on and could be a big step forward for the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189119912&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/189119912'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patient Cherie Payne was part of an experimental study to test the procedure. She was diagnosed with a rare blood cancer known as mantle cell lymphoma in the summer of 2013. By the time doctors discovered it, the cancer had spread to 60 percent of her bone marrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, she panicked. But the 63-year-old native Angeleno quickly changed her perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"order": 1
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
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},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
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