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"content": "\u003cp>The Valero refinery in Benicia released more than 74,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide during 14 days of flaring after a power outage in May, according to a report the company has filed with state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A huge amount of sulfur dioxide was emitted,\" said Anthony Wexler, director of the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis, who reviewed the Valero report KQED obtained through a California Public Records Act request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data were submitted to the California Office of Emergency Services last week. They will be a part of at least one of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">three investigations\u003c/a> into the refinery malfunction that led to an increase in the state's gasoline prices and has prompted Benicia city leaders to consider increasing their \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oversight\u003c/a> of the refinery and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improve how they communicate\u003c/a> with residents about emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the sulfur dioxide the refinery released -- 31,000 pounds -- was emitted on May 5, the day the plant went offline and began flaring after the outage. That was also the day authorities imposed shelter-in-place and evacuation orders for parts of the city and at least a dozen people sought medical treatment for breathing difficulties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that it was emitted over a short period of time in some ways makes it worse,\" Wexler said on Thursday. \"That would have a much larger health impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero refinery released a total of nearly 25,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide on May 6 and 7, the company's report said. On May 14, it released close to 8,000 pounds of the gas, the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put those numbers in perspective, \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/compliance-and-enforcement/flares/graphs/flare-emissions-charts/flaring-so2-emissions-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">air district statistics\u003c/a> show that the Valero refinery released an estimated total of 13,800 pounds of sulfur dioxide in 2016 and 15,400 pounds in 2015 through flaring. From 2004 through 2016, flaring releases have ranged from a low of 13,400 in 2009 to a high of 277,000 pounds in 2008. The facility's average annual sulfur dioxide flaring release during the period was 76,000 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report, Valero said the refinery also emitted 350 pounds of carbonyl sulfide, a highly toxic and extremely flammable gas, between May 12 and May 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report said its monitoring did not show an increase in ambient sulfur dioxide levels outside the refinery site, a sprawling facility at the northern end of the Benicia-Martinez Bridge. The company said exposure to the gas was limited to \"persons solely within the site or sites on which the facility is located.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document did not give details about the hour-to-hour release of sulfur dioxide or the concentration of the gas at the refinery during the episode. The report also did not indicate whether workers at the facility were treated for exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new details about the refinery releases prompted an angry response from one environmental group that has monitored the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's absolutely unacceptable that this dirty refinery spewed dangerous gases into the air we breathe for two full weeks,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, a staff attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity's Climate Law Institute, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These reckless air pollution releases are too frequent and too dangerous to continue,\" said Kretzmann, who also reviewed the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report will be a part of the investigation into the outage by local air regulators, according to Tom Flannigan, a spokesman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But first, he said, the agency needs to confirm the numbers are correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We review this data and information related to the flaring event for accuracy,\" Flannigan said in an email. \"Combined with other data from air monitors in and around the facility, we can create a comprehensive view of the incident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district, which has issued \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notices of violation\u003c/a> to the refinery, also needs to look at data on wind speed and direction during the flaring episode, Flannigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first three days of the incident, May 5-7, when sulfur dioxide releases were highest, the area experienced winds that veered from northwest to southwest. Sustained winds at two weather stations on the Martinez shoreline during the first day and a half of the episode ranged up to 30 mph, with gusts of up to 34 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report covers the refinery's releases through May 18, but the facility had trouble restarting even after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of May, local air regulators opened a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/30/air-district-investigating-latest-valero-refinery-release-weeks-after-power-outage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new investigation\u003c/a> into the facility after it sent another round of black smoke and toxic gas into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last releases took place on June 1, according to \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/8b2f2322f8d3ae12882581330075ad7c?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,valero\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reports\u003c/a> posted on a hazardous materials database managed by the California Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a Valero official said the refinery had finally restarted and for the first time explained what was behind the weeks-long flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Due to the abrupt nature of the emergency shutdown, the refinery was unable to go through the systematic process we follow for planned shutdowns that allows the refinery to minimize emissions during shutdown and restart,\" company spokeswoman Lillian Riojas said in an email on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil company continues to blame PG&E for the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based utility has said the electrical failure was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect power circuits. PG&E has hired a third party engineering firm, Exponent, to review the cause.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Company reports facility emitted 74,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide in two weeks -- more than the total amount it released in previous two years. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Valero refinery in Benicia released more than 74,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide during 14 days of flaring after a power outage in May, according to a report the company has filed with state officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A huge amount of sulfur dioxide was emitted,\" said Anthony Wexler, director of the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis, who reviewed the Valero report KQED obtained through a California Public Records Act request.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data were submitted to the California Office of Emergency Services last week. They will be a part of at least one of the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">three investigations\u003c/a> into the refinery malfunction that led to an increase in the state's gasoline prices and has prompted Benicia city leaders to consider increasing their \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oversight\u003c/a> of the refinery and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">improve how they communicate\u003c/a> with residents about emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly half of the sulfur dioxide the refinery released -- 31,000 pounds -- was emitted on May 5, the day the plant went offline and began flaring after the outage. That was also the day authorities imposed shelter-in-place and evacuation orders for parts of the city and at least a dozen people sought medical treatment for breathing difficulties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that it was emitted over a short period of time in some ways makes it worse,\" Wexler said on Thursday. \"That would have a much larger health impact.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Valero refinery released a total of nearly 25,000 pounds of sulfur dioxide on May 6 and 7, the company's report said. On May 14, it released close to 8,000 pounds of the gas, the company's report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put those numbers in perspective, \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/compliance-and-enforcement/flares/graphs/flare-emissions-charts/flaring-so2-emissions-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">air district statistics\u003c/a> show that the Valero refinery released an estimated total of 13,800 pounds of sulfur dioxide in 2016 and 15,400 pounds in 2015 through flaring. From 2004 through 2016, flaring releases have ranged from a low of 13,400 in 2009 to a high of 277,000 pounds in 2008. The facility's average annual sulfur dioxide flaring release during the period was 76,000 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its report, Valero said the refinery also emitted 350 pounds of carbonyl sulfide, a highly toxic and extremely flammable gas, between May 12 and May 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report said its monitoring did not show an increase in ambient sulfur dioxide levels outside the refinery site, a sprawling facility at the northern end of the Benicia-Martinez Bridge. The company said exposure to the gas was limited to \"persons solely within the site or sites on which the facility is located.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The document did not give details about the hour-to-hour release of sulfur dioxide or the concentration of the gas at the refinery during the episode. The report also did not indicate whether workers at the facility were treated for exposure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new details about the refinery releases prompted an angry response from one environmental group that has monitored the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's absolutely unacceptable that this dirty refinery spewed dangerous gases into the air we breathe for two full weeks,\" said Hollin Kretzmann, a staff attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity's Climate Law Institute, in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These reckless air pollution releases are too frequent and too dangerous to continue,\" said Kretzmann, who also reviewed the data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero's report will be a part of the investigation into the outage by local air regulators, according to Tom Flannigan, a spokesman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But first, he said, the agency needs to confirm the numbers are correct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We review this data and information related to the flaring event for accuracy,\" Flannigan said in an email. \"Combined with other data from air monitors in and around the facility, we can create a comprehensive view of the incident.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district, which has issued \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">notices of violation\u003c/a> to the refinery, also needs to look at data on wind speed and direction during the flaring episode, Flannigan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the first three days of the incident, May 5-7, when sulfur dioxide releases were highest, the area experienced winds that veered from northwest to southwest. Sustained winds at two weather stations on the Martinez shoreline during the first day and a half of the episode ranged up to 30 mph, with gusts of up to 34 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report covers the refinery's releases through May 18, but the facility had trouble restarting even after that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of May, local air regulators opened a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/30/air-district-investigating-latest-valero-refinery-release-weeks-after-power-outage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">new investigation\u003c/a> into the facility after it sent another round of black smoke and toxic gas into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last releases took place on June 1, according to \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/8b2f2322f8d3ae12882581330075ad7c?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,valero\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reports\u003c/a> posted on a hazardous materials database managed by the California Office of Emergency Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a Valero official said the refinery had finally restarted and for the first time explained what was behind the weeks-long flaring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Due to the abrupt nature of the emergency shutdown, the refinery was unable to go through the systematic process we follow for planned shutdowns that allows the refinery to minimize emissions during shutdown and restart,\" company spokeswoman Lillian Riojas said in an email on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil company continues to blame PG&E for the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based utility has said the electrical failure was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect power circuits. PG&E has hired a third party engineering firm, Exponent, to review the cause.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Air District Investigating Latest Valero Refinery Release Weeks After Power Outage",
"title": "Air District Investigating Latest Valero Refinery Release Weeks After Power Outage",
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"content": "\u003cp>Local air regulators have opened a new investigation into Valero's Benicia refinery after another malfunction at the facility sent black smoke into the air three times over the weekend. The flaring comes close to a month after the refinery experienced its first full outage in decades, resulting in toxic gases being released into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the refinery's units had \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CityBenicia/posts/1449022338493145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">some sort of release\u003c/a> on Sunday afternoon, according to Benicia city officials, as the facility continues to struggle to fully restart its operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the incident in early May, there were no shelter-in-place orders, evacuations and hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"yGKTZuUIXBozwEhVUmmQCJW0b2Nm1S2M\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But state officials normally notified of similar refinery problems were not told about the latest incident. And the city and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District are unaware of what chemicals were sent into the air because of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is part of the problem -- we don't know what is released,\" Benicia Mayor Elizabeth Patterson said in an email Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero is not releasing detailed information about Sunday's malfunction, but it is linking it with the problem earlier in the month that sent flames, smoke and toxic gas into the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Valero's Benicia refinery continues to work to restore operations following the May 5 power outage caused by disruption from Pacific Gas & Electric,\" said company spokeswoman Lillian Riojas in an email almost identical to one she sent to KQED two weeks ago about another release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Intermittent flaring and related startup issues may occur,\" Riojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem was tied to Valero's scrubber unit, city officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That unit acts as a large filter, cleaning up gas or liquid that exits a processing unit, according to Tulane professor Eric Smith, who specializes in gas and oil production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery sent black smoke that came from oil residue into the sky on three occasions Sunday afternoon, each one lasting between 15 and 45 seconds, said Benicia Fire Chief Jim Lydon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district then sent an inspector to the facility, according to Tom Flannigan, a spokesman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This new incident that happened over the weekend may have been tied to them testing out their equipment and their processes as they bring them back up to speed,\" Flannigan said in an interview Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has already issued \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">six notices of violation\u003c/a> against Valero in connection with the May 5 outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did see some dark black smoke that was released for a period of time,\" Flannigan said. \"We'll be taking a close look to see what exactly what was emitted and if they're subject to any fines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike a series of releases that took place at the refinery in the days after the outage, Sunday's incident was not reported to the Governor's Office of Emergency Services, which administers a hazardous materials notification database. You can see the Valero outage notifications \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/c772dcd437057a3488258125007de8ec?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,valero\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, state air regulators were not kept in the loop either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have nothing new, and nothing new was reported to Cal OES over the weekend,\" said David Clegern, a spokesman for the California Air Resources Board, which has had air monitors in place near the refinery since the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage is \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">under investigation\u003c/a> by a third party hired by PG&E, the air district, California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) and Solano County's Department of Resource Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is investigating \u003ca href=\"http://claycord.com/2017/05/18/employees-frustrated-after-oil-based-substance-lands-on-vehicles-businesses-near-valero-refinery/comment-page-1/#comment-1023805\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">another incident\u003c/a> that may be tied to the aftermath of the outage. On May 15, several people who work at MRC Global, a company on Bayshore Road not too far away the refinery, found an \"oil-based\" substance on their cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A hazardous materials specialist conducted tests on the vehicles, according to Terry Schmidtbauer, director of Solano County's Department of Resource Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City and county officials asked Valero to take the vehicles to a car-wash, Schmidtbauer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The electricity failure at the refinery and resulting safety concerns have prompted a push for Benicia to develop an \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">industrial safety ordinance\u003c/a> similar to one that governs refineries in Contra Costa County. And it also led Mayor Patterson to call for the city to do a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">better job\u003c/a> of telling its residents about major emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Local air regulators have opened a new investigation into Valero's Benicia refinery after another malfunction at the facility sent black smoke into the air three times over the weekend. The flaring comes close to a month after the refinery experienced its first full outage in decades, resulting in toxic gases being released into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the refinery's units had \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CityBenicia/posts/1449022338493145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">some sort of release\u003c/a> on Sunday afternoon, according to Benicia city officials, as the facility continues to struggle to fully restart its operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike the incident in early May, there were no shelter-in-place orders, evacuations and hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But state officials normally notified of similar refinery problems were not told about the latest incident. And the city and the Bay Area Air Quality Management District are unaware of what chemicals were sent into the air because of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is part of the problem -- we don't know what is released,\" Benicia Mayor Elizabeth Patterson said in an email Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero is not releasing detailed information about Sunday's malfunction, but it is linking it with the problem earlier in the month that sent flames, smoke and toxic gas into the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Valero's Benicia refinery continues to work to restore operations following the May 5 power outage caused by disruption from Pacific Gas & Electric,\" said company spokeswoman Lillian Riojas in an email almost identical to one she sent to KQED two weeks ago about another release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Intermittent flaring and related startup issues may occur,\" Riojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem was tied to Valero's scrubber unit, city officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That unit acts as a large filter, cleaning up gas or liquid that exits a processing unit, according to Tulane professor Eric Smith, who specializes in gas and oil production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery sent black smoke that came from oil residue into the sky on three occasions Sunday afternoon, each one lasting between 15 and 45 seconds, said Benicia Fire Chief Jim Lydon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district then sent an inspector to the facility, according to Tom Flannigan, a spokesman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This new incident that happened over the weekend may have been tied to them testing out their equipment and their processes as they bring them back up to speed,\" Flannigan said in an interview Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has already issued \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">six notices of violation\u003c/a> against Valero in connection with the May 5 outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We did see some dark black smoke that was released for a period of time,\" Flannigan said. \"We'll be taking a close look to see what exactly what was emitted and if they're subject to any fines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike a series of releases that took place at the refinery in the days after the outage, Sunday's incident was not reported to the Governor's Office of Emergency Services, which administers a hazardous materials notification database. You can see the Valero outage notifications \u003ca href=\"https://w3.calema.ca.gov/operational/malhaz.nsf/f1841a103c102734882563e200760c4a/c772dcd437057a3488258125007de8ec?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,valero\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, state air regulators were not kept in the loop either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have nothing new, and nothing new was reported to Cal OES over the weekend,\" said David Clegern, a spokesman for the California Air Resources Board, which has had air monitors in place near the refinery since the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage is \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">under investigation\u003c/a> by a third party hired by PG&E, the air district, California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA) and Solano County's Department of Resource Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The county is investigating \u003ca href=\"http://claycord.com/2017/05/18/employees-frustrated-after-oil-based-substance-lands-on-vehicles-businesses-near-valero-refinery/comment-page-1/#comment-1023805\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">another incident\u003c/a> that may be tied to the aftermath of the outage. On May 15, several people who work at MRC Global, a company on Bayshore Road not too far away the refinery, found an \"oil-based\" substance on their cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A hazardous materials specialist conducted tests on the vehicles, according to Terry Schmidtbauer, director of Solano County's Department of Resource Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City and county officials asked Valero to take the vehicles to a car-wash, Schmidtbauer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The electricity failure at the refinery and resulting safety concerns have prompted a push for Benicia to develop an \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/23/valero-outage-prompts-benicia-to-consider-industrial-safety-ordinance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">industrial safety ordinance\u003c/a> similar to one that governs refineries in Contra Costa County. And it also led Mayor Patterson to call for the city to do a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/09/benicia-mayor-calls-for-key-emergency-improvements-after-valero-refinery-outage-and-flaring/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">better job\u003c/a> of telling its residents about major emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Valero Outage Prompts Benicia to Consider Industrial Safety Ordinance",
"title": "Valero Outage Prompts Benicia to Consider Industrial Safety Ordinance",
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"content": "\u003cp>City officials would have greater oversight over the Valero refinery under a \u003ca href=\"https://legistarweb-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/attachment/pdf/73476/1._Two-Step_Agenda_Request_-_Industrial_Ordinance_Patterson_May_16.2017_v.2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">proposal \u003c/a>set to be unveiled at the Benicia City Council meeting on Tuesday—a potential reform prompted by \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the major outage at the facility\u003c/a> earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Elizabeth Patterson is proposing the city develop regulations similar to those in Contra Costa County, home to several refineries. That county's \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/iso/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">industrial safety ordinance\u003c/a>, considered to be one of the strongest in the country, requires oil refining facilities to undergo safety audits and have risk management plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, after a major refinery problem, like the one at Valero on May 5, the county can order the company to provide a preliminary report 72 hours later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the case in Contra Costa County, but the Valero facility is in Solano County and therefore not subject to the same rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"VihDcvotb6JMyj33FnGeRaKPmj9bqgLI\"]\"When everything started going out of the smokestacks, it was very alarming and there was no information about what was going out,\" said Patterson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage only lasted 18 minutes, but to relieve pressure the refinery sent gases to its flares. Flaring is a process refineries use to relieve pressure when their facilities undergo malfunctions. The flares sent up flames and a plume of smoke into the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial flaring sent at least a dozen people to the hospital, and prompted an evacuation of a nearby industrial area and shelter-in-place orders for two elementary schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has taken the refinery at least two weeks to get fully back on-line, causing intermittent flaring in the mean time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Patterson's proposal the oil company would pay for the enforcement of the safety ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Valero would pay the fair costs of what it takes to protect the citizens of Benicia,\" said Patterson, adding that fees Valero pays to Benicia in property and sales taxes would help fund the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero has not responded yet to request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson is also floating the idea of having Benicia contract with Contra Costa County to help administer a future safety ordinance. That would be similar to the way Richmond enforces a similar ordinance governing the Chevron refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least one Contra Costa lawmaker is on board with the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The refinery should be held to higher safety standards, the same standards that the four refineries in Contra Costa are held to,\" said Supervisor John Gioia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of serious refinery accidents in Contra Costa have dropped since the industrial safety ordinance was adopted in 1999, according to Gioia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It gets refineries to change the way they look at risk, minimize and reduce risk,\" Gioia said. \"It's an effective ordinance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa's law was adopted after a fire at the Tosco refinery in Martinez killed four refinery workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Valero outage is under investigation\u003c/a> by California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA), the Bay Area Air Quality Management District and Solano County hazardous materials specialists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after the outage, the air district issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2017/2017_045_valeronovs_050917-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">six notices of violation\u003c/a> against Valero in connection with the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil company has blamed PG&E for the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The May 5 PG&E incident was solely the result of electrical work PG&E was doing on its power lines,\" the company wrote to Benicia City officials in a letter read out loud at last week's city council meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based utility has said the outage was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect power circuits, but has avoided accepting outright blame for the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E hired a third party engineering firm, Exponent, to review the cause of the outage, according to company spokeswoman Deanna Contreras.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>City officials would have greater oversight over the Valero refinery under a \u003ca href=\"https://legistarweb-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/attachment/pdf/73476/1._Two-Step_Agenda_Request_-_Industrial_Ordinance_Patterson_May_16.2017_v.2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">proposal \u003c/a>set to be unveiled at the Benicia City Council meeting on Tuesday—a potential reform prompted by \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the major outage at the facility\u003c/a> earlier this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor Elizabeth Patterson is proposing the city develop regulations similar to those in Contra Costa County, home to several refineries. That county's \u003ca href=\"http://cchealth.org/hazmat/iso/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">industrial safety ordinance\u003c/a>, considered to be one of the strongest in the country, requires oil refining facilities to undergo safety audits and have risk management plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, after a major refinery problem, like the one at Valero on May 5, the county can order the company to provide a preliminary report 72 hours later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's the case in Contra Costa County, but the Valero facility is in Solano County and therefore not subject to the same rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\"When everything started going out of the smokestacks, it was very alarming and there was no information about what was going out,\" said Patterson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage only lasted 18 minutes, but to relieve pressure the refinery sent gases to its flares. Flaring is a process refineries use to relieve pressure when their facilities undergo malfunctions. The flares sent up flames and a plume of smoke into the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial flaring sent at least a dozen people to the hospital, and prompted an evacuation of a nearby industrial area and shelter-in-place orders for two elementary schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has taken the refinery at least two weeks to get fully back on-line, causing intermittent flaring in the mean time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Patterson's proposal the oil company would pay for the enforcement of the safety ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Valero would pay the fair costs of what it takes to protect the citizens of Benicia,\" said Patterson, adding that fees Valero pays to Benicia in property and sales taxes would help fund the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero has not responded yet to request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson is also floating the idea of having Benicia contract with Contra Costa County to help administer a future safety ordinance. That would be similar to the way Richmond enforces a similar ordinance governing the Chevron refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least one Contra Costa lawmaker is on board with the idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The refinery should be held to higher safety standards, the same standards that the four refineries in Contra Costa are held to,\" said Supervisor John Gioia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of serious refinery accidents in Contra Costa have dropped since the industrial safety ordinance was adopted in 1999, according to Gioia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It gets refineries to change the way they look at risk, minimize and reduce risk,\" Gioia said. \"It's an effective ordinance.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa's law was adopted after a fire at the Tosco refinery in Martinez killed four refinery workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/10/after-valero-refinery-outage-three-probes-and-rising-gas-prices/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Valero outage is under investigation\u003c/a> by California's Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA), the Bay Area Air Quality Management District and Solano County hazardous materials specialists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shortly after the outage, the air district issued \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/~/media/files/communications-and-outreach/publications/news-releases/2017/2017_045_valeronovs_050917-pdf.pdf?la=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">six notices of violation\u003c/a> against Valero in connection with the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oil company has blamed PG&E for the outage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The May 5 PG&E incident was solely the result of electrical work PG&E was doing on its power lines,\" the company wrote to Benicia City officials in a letter read out loud at last week's city council meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco-based utility has said the outage was triggered by an \"inadvertent operation\" to protect power circuits, but has avoided accepting outright blame for the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E hired a third party engineering firm, Exponent, to review the cause of the outage, according to company spokeswoman Deanna Contreras.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "More of Bay Area May Be Vulnerable to Refinery Mishaps Than Previously Believed",
"title": "More of Bay Area May Be Vulnerable to Refinery Mishaps Than Previously Believed",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The recent conclusion by local air regulators that malfunctions at \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/17/air-district-blames-chevrons-richmond-refinery-for-s-f-odor/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chevron's Richmond facility sent toxic gas 11 miles across San Francisco Bay\u003c/a> late last year means that a larger part of the region may be vulnerable to refinery malfunctions than many previously believed, environmentalists and experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a greater risk here than people realized,\" said Patrick Sullivan, a spokesman for the Center for Biological Diversity. \"We have to have a different calculus of how these refineries affect communities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Bay Area Air Quality Management District\u003c/a> issued four notices of violation against Chevron for problems at the refinery in late December that prompted flaring, moments before residents in San Francisco complained of a sulfurlike odor. The district concluded that the smell was caused by releases of hydrogen sulfide from the Chevron refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mysterious smell in San Francisco came two months after dozens of Vallejo residents sought medical treatment \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/02/oil-spill-sickening-odor-prompt-vallejo-to-consider-buying-new-air-monitors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">from an odor that spread through that city\u003c/a>. The sickening fumes appear to have coincided with an oil spill on the other side of the Carquinez Strait near the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the district's announcement came less than two weeks after a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">power outage at Valero's Benicia refinery\u003c/a> sent a huge plume of smoke and toxic gas into the sky. The initial flaring there sent at least 12 people to the hospital and prompted a series of evacuation and shelter-in-place orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chances that a problem at a refinery on one side of the bay could send toxic gas to another depends in part on which way the wind blows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the wind direction is not blowing the air towards you, you're not going to smell it,\" said Anthony Wexler, director of \u003ca href=\"https://aqrc.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds the night of the Chevron malfunction were blowing between 5 and 10 mph from the north-northeast to the south-southwest, according to Jan Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other weather facts at play, according to Wexler. If plumes of smoke and gas that erupt during refinery flaring don't mix well enough into the atmosphere, they can travel and affect a larger area, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chevron case involved hydrogen sulfide, which smells like rotten eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that Chevron's own monitors apparently measured a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide shortly before people smelled an odor in San Francisco, and winds can blow a rotten smell 10 miles in 10-20 minutes, I strongly suspect the San Francisco odor was caused by Chevron's refinery,\" said Mark Jacobson, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and director of the school's Atmosphere and Energy Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents of Richmond, Rodeo, Benicia and Martinez—cities where local refineries are located—have complained for years about unhealthy air coming from their oil industry neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But residents in large parts of the rest of the region might not feel a refinery can affect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, the source at Chevron has had issues like this before. The difference here is that it affected a wider area, including San Francisco,\" said John Gioia, a Contra Costa County supervisor and member of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District's board of directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been used to some of these odor issues in Richmond,\" Gioia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center of Biological Diversity's Sullivan says the Chevron incident means there's a bigger risk to a larger part of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've always viewed these refineries as a serious hazard to the people who live around them, often those are low-income people, people of color who seem to bear the brunt of this sort of pollution,\" Sullivan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron questions the air district's findings, in part because its refinery is so far away from San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a complex issue, but given the small amount of H2S (hydrogen sulfide) released, the 11-mile distance across the bay, and the wide geography of the odor complaints, we believe it is unlikely that the flaring was the source of the odors,\" said Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The distance made it tougher for local air regulators to identify the source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was really a complicated issue, because it did span quite a distance and affect a big part of the Bay Area,\" said Tom Flannigan, an air district spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When such a large area is affected, we really have to look closely at all the sources that could have caused it,\" Flannigan said in an interview. \"In this case, that meant more time, that meant more energy, that meant more analysis. That meant more data review.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials will now tackle the issue. Now that the air district investigation is complete, a Board of Supervisors committee is expected to hold a hearing on the refinery malfunction in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Chevron must be held accountable for the toxic gas that lingered in the air,\" said Supervisor Mark Farrell, who called for the hearing. \"Reforms must be implemented immediately to ensure this never happens again.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "'There's a greater risk here than people realized. We have to have a different calculus of how these refineries affect communities.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The recent conclusion by local air regulators that malfunctions at \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/17/air-district-blames-chevrons-richmond-refinery-for-s-f-odor/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chevron's Richmond facility sent toxic gas 11 miles across San Francisco Bay\u003c/a> late last year means that a larger part of the region may be vulnerable to refinery malfunctions than many previously believed, environmentalists and experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a greater risk here than people realized,\" said Patrick Sullivan, a spokesman for the Center for Biological Diversity. \"We have to have a different calculus of how these refineries affect communities.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, \u003ca href=\"http://www.baaqmd.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Bay Area Air Quality Management District\u003c/a> issued four notices of violation against Chevron for problems at the refinery in late December that prompted flaring, moments before residents in San Francisco complained of a sulfurlike odor. The district concluded that the smell was caused by releases of hydrogen sulfide from the Chevron refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mysterious smell in San Francisco came two months after dozens of Vallejo residents sought medical treatment \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/02/oil-spill-sickening-odor-prompt-vallejo-to-consider-buying-new-air-monitors/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">from an odor that spread through that city\u003c/a>. The sickening fumes appear to have coincided with an oil spill on the other side of the Carquinez Strait near the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the district's announcement came less than two weeks after a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">power outage at Valero's Benicia refinery\u003c/a> sent a huge plume of smoke and toxic gas into the sky. The initial flaring there sent at least 12 people to the hospital and prompted a series of evacuation and shelter-in-place orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chances that a problem at a refinery on one side of the bay could send toxic gas to another depends in part on which way the wind blows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If the wind direction is not blowing the air towards you, you're not going to smell it,\" said Anthony Wexler, director of \u003ca href=\"https://aqrc.ucdavis.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Air Quality Research Center at UC Davis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds the night of the Chevron malfunction were blowing between 5 and 10 mph from the north-northeast to the south-southwest, according to Jan Null, a meteorologist with Golden Gate Weather Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other weather facts at play, according to Wexler. If plumes of smoke and gas that erupt during refinery flaring don't mix well enough into the atmosphere, they can travel and affect a larger area, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chevron case involved hydrogen sulfide, which smells like rotten eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Given that Chevron's own monitors apparently measured a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide shortly before people smelled an odor in San Francisco, and winds can blow a rotten smell 10 miles in 10-20 minutes, I strongly suspect the San Francisco odor was caused by Chevron's refinery,\" said Mark Jacobson, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University and director of the school's Atmosphere and Energy Program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some residents of Richmond, Rodeo, Benicia and Martinez—cities where local refineries are located—have complained for years about unhealthy air coming from their oil industry neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But residents in large parts of the rest of the region might not feel a refinery can affect them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Unfortunately, the source at Chevron has had issues like this before. The difference here is that it affected a wider area, including San Francisco,\" said John Gioia, a Contra Costa County supervisor and member of the Bay Area Air Quality Management District's board of directors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've been used to some of these odor issues in Richmond,\" Gioia said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center of Biological Diversity's Sullivan says the Chevron incident means there's a bigger risk to a larger part of the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We've always viewed these refineries as a serious hazard to the people who live around them, often those are low-income people, people of color who seem to bear the brunt of this sort of pollution,\" Sullivan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron questions the air district's findings, in part because its refinery is so far away from San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a complex issue, but given the small amount of H2S (hydrogen sulfide) released, the 11-mile distance across the bay, and the wide geography of the odor complaints, we believe it is unlikely that the flaring was the source of the odors,\" said Chevron spokeswoman Leah Casey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The distance made it tougher for local air regulators to identify the source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This was really a complicated issue, because it did span quite a distance and affect a big part of the Bay Area,\" said Tom Flannigan, an air district spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When such a large area is affected, we really have to look closely at all the sources that could have caused it,\" Flannigan said in an interview. \"In this case, that meant more time, that meant more energy, that meant more analysis. That meant more data review.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco officials will now tackle the issue. Now that the air district investigation is complete, a Board of Supervisors committee is expected to hold a hearing on the refinery malfunction in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Chevron must be held accountable for the toxic gas that lingered in the air,\" said Supervisor Mark Farrell, who called for the hearing. \"Reforms must be implemented immediately to ensure this never happens again.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Benicia Mayor Calls For Key Emergency Improvements After Valero Refinery Outage and Flaring",
"title": "Benicia Mayor Calls For Key Emergency Improvements After Valero Refinery Outage and Flaring",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Benicia has to do a better job of telling its residents about major emergencies, the city's mayor said Monday, after a series of communication problems surfaced in connection with a power outage at the Valero refinery that has caused intermittent flaring since Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.benicia.ca.us/btv\" target=\"_blank\">government access television station \u003c/a>broadcast inaccurate and inadequate information in the hours after the outage and not enough residents could hear the city's emergency sirens, said Mayor Elizabeth Patterson in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really troubling that we don't have these things in place,\" Patterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday air regulators announced that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\">Valero is being penalized\u003c/a> for the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District, which is investigating the flaring, issued four notices of violation to the energy company on Friday, three for excessive smoke and one for causing a public nuisance, according to agency spokeswoman Kristine Roselius.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday afternoon the district issued a fifth notice of violation for excessive visible emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Valero was preparing for start-up when smoke started coming out of one of the stacks,\" Roselius said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Valero spokeswoman has not returned a request for comment on the district's penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery's first full power loss in 30 years started around 6:30 a.m. Friday. The outage began shortly after crews took one of two transmission lines offline to complete upgrades, said Matt Nauman, a Pacific Gas and Electric spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Circuit breakers opened after a component of a \"protective relay system failed,\" according to Nauman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Francisco-based energy company did not directly contact Benicia officials quickly enough about the outage, Mayor Patterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why didn't PG&E call the city of Benicia so that we could begin to think about the consequences of power loss to the refinery 15 minutes earlier than we were alerted by Valero?\" Patterson asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E says it did tell the city, just not as fast as the mayor would have liked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A company representative contacted the Benicia fire chief and the Solano County of Emergency Services at 8 a.m., according to PG&E spokeswoman Deanna Contreras, adding that utility crews worked quickly and safely to restore power in 18 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage caused gases used in the refining process to build up inside the refinery. To relieve pressure, Valero sent toxic gas to its flares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero, like other refining companies, emphasizes that the flaring process is a safety device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first that process sent flames and a huge plume of smoke into the sky, which resulted in the evacuation of an industrial area near Valero and a shelter-in-place order for two elementary schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even that order wasn't clear. Initially, some authorities called for the rest of the city, except for the adjacent industrial area, to stay indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All other areas of town shelter in place. Keep doors and windows closed. Bring pets inside,\" said a tweet from the Benicia Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minutes later the agency published a corrected tweet, focusing the order on the two schools, but that was not entirely clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No shelter in place for the rest of the (city) except for Matthew Turner and Robert Semple. Everyone's encouraged to close doors and windows,\" the follow-up tweet read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, officials said that only two residents called with respiratory complaints, and there was no indication that anyone was hospitalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, it turns out, the toxic air did send people to the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 10 and 20 people went to the emergency department at Kaiser Permanente's Vallejo Medical Center, according to Kaiser spokeswoman Deniene Erickson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flaring continued over the weekend and on Monday as Valero restored operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may have some intermittent flaring as we continue through safe startup process,\" said Valero spokeswoman Lillian Riojas in an email Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the city has begun a top-to-bottom review of its emergency response, according to Benicia Fire Chief Jim Lydon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are some systems that we need to go back and look at and assess their functionality and make sure they're working properly,\" Lydon said in an interview Monday, adding that he saw complaints from residents about the emergency communication on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After that review is completed, Mayor Patterson is calling for a City Council hearing to explore ways to improve emergency communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hearing would also investigate why Valero does not have a backup power source, something Patterson said she was unaware of until Friday's emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The afternoon of the outage a company official blamed California's greenhouse gas regulations for preventing the creation of an alternative power source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero expanded its refinery in recent years to reduce emissions, according to Don Cuffel, the company's health, safety, environmental director. That expansion increased the facility's electrical load but the company never got a permit to create a \"co-generation unit\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Adding another co-generation unit to the refinery only increases our carbon footprint,\" Cuffel said at a Friday news conference.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Benicia has to do a better job of telling its residents about major emergencies, the city's mayor said Monday, after a series of communication problems surfaced in connection with a power outage at the Valero refinery that has caused intermittent flaring since Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ci.benicia.ca.us/btv\" target=\"_blank\">government access television station \u003c/a>broadcast inaccurate and inadequate information in the hours after the outage and not enough residents could hear the city's emergency sirens, said Mayor Elizabeth Patterson in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's really troubling that we don't have these things in place,\" Patterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday air regulators announced that \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/benicia-refinery-power-outage-triggers-evacuations/\" target=\"_blank\">Valero is being penalized\u003c/a> for the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District, which is investigating the flaring, issued four notices of violation to the energy company on Friday, three for excessive smoke and one for causing a public nuisance, according to agency spokeswoman Kristine Roselius.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday afternoon the district issued a fifth notice of violation for excessive visible emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Valero was preparing for start-up when smoke started coming out of one of the stacks,\" Roselius said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Valero spokeswoman has not returned a request for comment on the district's penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery's first full power loss in 30 years started around 6:30 a.m. Friday. The outage began shortly after crews took one of two transmission lines offline to complete upgrades, said Matt Nauman, a Pacific Gas and Electric spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Circuit breakers opened after a component of a \"protective relay system failed,\" according to Nauman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Francisco-based energy company did not directly contact Benicia officials quickly enough about the outage, Mayor Patterson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Why didn't PG&E call the city of Benicia so that we could begin to think about the consequences of power loss to the refinery 15 minutes earlier than we were alerted by Valero?\" Patterson asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E says it did tell the city, just not as fast as the mayor would have liked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A company representative contacted the Benicia fire chief and the Solano County of Emergency Services at 8 a.m., according to PG&E spokeswoman Deanna Contreras, adding that utility crews worked quickly and safely to restore power in 18 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage caused gases used in the refining process to build up inside the refinery. To relieve pressure, Valero sent toxic gas to its flares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero, like other refining companies, emphasizes that the flaring process is a safety device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first that process sent flames and a huge plume of smoke into the sky, which resulted in the evacuation of an industrial area near Valero and a shelter-in-place order for two elementary schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even that order wasn't clear. Initially, some authorities called for the rest of the city, except for the adjacent industrial area, to stay indoors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All other areas of town shelter in place. Keep doors and windows closed. Bring pets inside,\" said a tweet from the Benicia Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Minutes later the agency published a corrected tweet, focusing the order on the two schools, but that was not entirely clear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"No shelter in place for the rest of the (city) except for Matthew Turner and Robert Semple. Everyone's encouraged to close doors and windows,\" the follow-up tweet read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, officials said that only two residents called with respiratory complaints, and there was no indication that anyone was hospitalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, it turns out, the toxic air did send people to the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 10 and 20 people went to the emergency department at Kaiser Permanente's Vallejo Medical Center, according to Kaiser spokeswoman Deniene Erickson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The flaring continued over the weekend and on Monday as Valero restored operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We may have some intermittent flaring as we continue through safe startup process,\" said Valero spokeswoman Lillian Riojas in an email Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the city has begun a top-to-bottom review of its emergency response, according to Benicia Fire Chief Jim Lydon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are some systems that we need to go back and look at and assess their functionality and make sure they're working properly,\" Lydon said in an interview Monday, adding that he saw complaints from residents about the emergency communication on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After that review is completed, Mayor Patterson is calling for a City Council hearing to explore ways to improve emergency communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That hearing would also investigate why Valero does not have a backup power source, something Patterson said she was unaware of until Friday's emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The afternoon of the outage a company official blamed California's greenhouse gas regulations for preventing the creation of an alternative power source.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero expanded its refinery in recent years to reduce emissions, according to Don Cuffel, the company's health, safety, environmental director. That expansion increased the facility's electrical load but the company never got a permit to create a \"co-generation unit\".\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Adding another co-generation unit to the refinery only increases our carbon footprint,\" Cuffel said at a Friday news conference.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated May 8 at 11:55 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local air regulators are penalizing the Valero Energy Corporation in connection with the power outage at its Benicia refinery that has sent toxic gases into the air since Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District told KQED that the agency issued four notices of violation against Valero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three are for excessive smoke and one is for causing a public nuisance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The loss of electricity prompted flaring, a process by which the facility relieves pressure by sending out flames and toxic gas into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initially, that caused a big plume of smoke to shoot into the sky, and also resulted in nearby evacuations and a shelter-in-place order on Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Friday, on-and-off flaring has continued at the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero has blamed the power outage on PG&E, which said it was caused while crews were completing upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post from May 5:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia authorities have lifted a shelter-in-place order at two elementary schools after a power outage at the city's Valero refinery early Friday morning, which led to flaring that sent black plumes of smoke into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order was lifted at approximately 1:20 p.m. at the Matthew Turner Elementary and Robert Semple Elementary schools, based on the results of air monitoring by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Both schools are upwind from the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No students showed any signs or symptoms of health problems, said Charles Young, Benicia Unified School District superintendent. He said parents opted to keep many of their children at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials also ordered the evacuation of businesses near the plant, and the mandatory evacuation order for the industrial park remains in place, said Benicia Fire Department Chief Jim Lydon during a press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said two people had reported respiratory effects, but neither were transported to the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage, which began about 6:40 a.m., lasted for 18 minutes and took place as PG&E crews were conducting a \"routine switching of an electrical transmission\" device, said a spokesman for the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage led to flaring at the refinery, officials said. Flaring is a process that allows the refinery to relieve pressure, but it can send out smoke and toxic gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At about 7:50 a.m., warning systems were activated in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some residents, like Marilyn Bardet, are concerned that warning systems were not triggered quickly enough -- and some did not hear sirens that went off around the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The precautionary principle would’ve said, turn those sirens on as soon as you know that something dreadful is happening with that amount of flaring,\" Bardet said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia police advised all other areas of town to shelter in place, keep doors and windows closed, and bring pets inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003cp>— Benicia Police (@BeniciaPD) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BeniciaPD/status/860516905265676288\">May 5, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Police also advised any business or structure downwind from the refinery to evacuate and avoid the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003cp>— Benicia Police (@BeniciaPD) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BeniciaPD/status/860506620278693888\">May 5, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Local air regulators were on scene and investigating, including the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AirDistrict\">@AirDistrict\u003c/a> has inspectors at the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Valero?src=hash\">#Valero\u003c/a> refinery + has launched an investigation into the outage + flaring. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQEDnews\">@KQEDnews\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/PS8iLGRFN2\">https://t.co/PS8iLGRFN2\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Ted Goldberg (@TedrickG) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TedrickG/status/860523887787819008\">May 5, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>During the incident, toxic gases from the flares, such as hydrogen sulfide, peaked at more than 10 times normal background levels for the area, said Steve Calanog, a spokesman for the EPA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The flaring operation is designed to keep our employees and our neighbors and the community safe,\" said Don Cuffel, director of health, safety, environment and government affairs for Valero. \"And they’re doing exactly what they need to do by burning the hydrocarbon that cannot be safely stored.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero said it's been 30 years since the last time the refinery lost total power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia is home to nearly 30,000 residents and is located in Solano County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11441705\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11441705\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-800x337.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-800x337.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-160x67.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-1020x430.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-1180x498.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-960x405.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-240x101.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-375x158.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-520x219.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valero acquired the Benicia Refinery in 2000. Valero says the plant has undergone significant modifications and upgrades to become what is today one of the most complex refineries in the United States. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Valero)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated May 8 at 11:55 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local air regulators are penalizing the Valero Energy Corporation in connection with the power outage at its Benicia refinery that has sent toxic gases into the air since Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for the Bay Area Air Quality Management District told KQED that the agency issued four notices of violation against Valero.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three are for excessive smoke and one is for causing a public nuisance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The loss of electricity prompted flaring, a process by which the facility relieves pressure by sending out flames and toxic gas into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Initially, that caused a big plume of smoke to shoot into the sky, and also resulted in nearby evacuations and a shelter-in-place order on Friday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since Friday, on-and-off flaring has continued at the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero has blamed the power outage on PG&E, which said it was caused while crews were completing upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post from May 5:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia authorities have lifted a shelter-in-place order at two elementary schools after a power outage at the city's Valero refinery early Friday morning, which led to flaring that sent black plumes of smoke into the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order was lifted at approximately 1:20 p.m. at the Matthew Turner Elementary and Robert Semple Elementary schools, based on the results of air monitoring by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Both schools are upwind from the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No students showed any signs or symptoms of health problems, said Charles Young, Benicia Unified School District superintendent. He said parents opted to keep many of their children at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials also ordered the evacuation of businesses near the plant, and the mandatory evacuation order for the industrial park remains in place, said Benicia Fire Department Chief Jim Lydon during a press conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said two people had reported respiratory effects, but neither were transported to the hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage, which began about 6:40 a.m., lasted for 18 minutes and took place as PG&E crews were conducting a \"routine switching of an electrical transmission\" device, said a spokesman for the utility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outage led to flaring at the refinery, officials said. Flaring is a process that allows the refinery to relieve pressure, but it can send out smoke and toxic gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At about 7:50 a.m., warning systems were activated in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some residents, like Marilyn Bardet, are concerned that warning systems were not triggered quickly enough -- and some did not hear sirens that went off around the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The precautionary principle would’ve said, turn those sirens on as soon as you know that something dreadful is happening with that amount of flaring,\" Bardet said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia police advised all other areas of town to shelter in place, keep doors and windows closed, and bring pets inside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003cp>— Benicia Police (@BeniciaPD) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BeniciaPD/status/860516905265676288\">May 5, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Police also advised any business or structure downwind from the refinery to evacuate and avoid the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\u003cp>— Benicia Police (@BeniciaPD) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/BeniciaPD/status/860506620278693888\">May 5, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Local air regulators were on scene and investigating, including the Bay Area Air Quality Management District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/AirDistrict\">@AirDistrict\u003c/a> has inspectors at the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/Valero?src=hash\">#Valero\u003c/a> refinery + has launched an investigation into the outage + flaring. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/KQEDnews\">@KQEDnews\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://t.co/PS8iLGRFN2\">https://t.co/PS8iLGRFN2\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Ted Goldberg (@TedrickG) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TedrickG/status/860523887787819008\">May 5, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>During the incident, toxic gases from the flares, such as hydrogen sulfide, peaked at more than 10 times normal background levels for the area, said Steve Calanog, a spokesman for the EPA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The flaring operation is designed to keep our employees and our neighbors and the community safe,\" said Don Cuffel, director of health, safety, environment and government affairs for Valero. \"And they’re doing exactly what they need to do by burning the hydrocarbon that cannot be safely stored.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero said it's been 30 years since the last time the refinery lost total power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Benicia is home to nearly 30,000 residents and is located in Solano County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11441705\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11441705\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-800x337.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-800x337.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-160x67.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-1020x430.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-1180x498.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-960x405.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-240x101.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-375x158.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut-520x219.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/valero_benicia-qut.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valero acquired the Benicia Refinery in 2000. Valero says the plant has undergone significant modifications and upgrades to become what is today one of the most complex refineries in the United States. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Valero)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
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}
},
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"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
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"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
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}
},
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"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
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"order": 10
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
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"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
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