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"content": "\u003cp>If the Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov were alive today, what would he say about smartphones? He might not think of them as phones at all, but instead as remarkable tools for understanding how technology can manipulate our brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pavlov's own findings — from experiments he did more than a century ago, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html\">involving food, buzzers and slobbering dogs\u003c/a> — offer key insights into why our phones have become almost an extension of our bodies, modern researchers say. The findings also provide clues to how we can break our dependence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pavlov originally set off to study canine digestion. But one day, he noticed something peculiar while feeding his dogs. If he played a sound — like a metronome or buzzer — before mealtimes, eventually the sound started to have a special meaning for the animals. It meant food was coming! The dogs actually started drooling when they heard the sound, even if no food was around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hearing the buzzer had become pleasurable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's exactly what's happening with smartphones, says \u003ca href=\"http://virtual-addiction.com/about-us/\">David Greenfield\u003c/a>, a psychologist and assistant clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Connecticut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we hear a ding or little ditty alerting us to a new text, email or Facebook post, cells in our brains likely release dopamine — one of the chemical transmitters in the brain's reward circuitry. That dopamine makes us feel pleasure, Greenfield says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That ping is telling us there is some type of reward there, waiting for us,\" Greenfield says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, that ping can become more powerful than the reward itself. Research on animals suggests dopamine levels in the brain can be twice as high when you anticipate the reward as when you actually receive it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, just hearing the notification can be more pleasurable than the text, email or tweet. \"Smartphone notifications have turned us all into Pavlov's dogs,\" Greenfield says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/584389201/585032374\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Signs You Might Need to Cut Back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The average adult checks their phone 50 to 300 times each day, Greenfield says. And smartphones use psychological tricks that encourage our continued high usage — some of the same tricks slot machines use to hook gamblers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For example, every time you look at your phone, you don't know what you're going to find — how relevant or desirable a message is going to be,\" Greenfield says. \"So you keep checking it over and over again because every once in a while, there's something good there.\" (This is called \u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/brain-wise/201311/use-unpredictable-rewards-keep-behavior-going\">a variable ratio schedule\u003c/a> of reinforcement. Animal studies suggest it makes dopamine skyrocket in the brain's reward circuitry and is possibly one reason people keep playing slot machines.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of doctors and psychologists are concerned about our relationship with the phone. There's a debate about what to call the problem. Some say \"disorder\" or \"problematic behavior.\" Others think over-reliance on a smartphone can become a behavioral addiction, like gambling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"njX7g8sD0QkrqXdJDULJSCLfksKplOSf\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a spectrum disorder,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/anna-lembke\">Dr. Anna Lembke\u003c/a>, a psychiatrist at Stanford University, who studies addiction. \"There are mild, moderate and extreme forms.\" And for many people, there's no problem at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this way, the phone is kind of like alcohol, Lembke says. Moderate alcohol consumption can be beneficial, for some people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can make an argument that a temperate amount of smartphone or screen use might be good for people,\" Lembke says. \"So I'm not saying, 'Everybody get rid of their smartphones because they're completely addictive.' But instead, let's be very thoughtful about how we're how we're using these devices, because we can use them in pathological ways.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Signs you might be experiencing problematic use, Lembke says, include these:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Interacting with the device keeps you up late or otherwise interferes with your sleep.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It reduces the time you have to be with friends or family.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It interferes with your ability to finish work or homework.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It causes you to be rude, even subconsciously. \"For instance,\" Lembke asks, \"are you in the middle of having a conversation with someone and just dropping down and scrolling through your phone?\" That's a bad sign.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It's squelching your creativity. \"I think that's really what people don't realize with their smartphone usage,\" Lembke says. \"It can really deprive you of a kind of seamless flow of creative thought that generates from your own brain.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Consider a Digital Detox One Day a Week\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.letitripple.org/about/tiffany-shlain/\">Tiffany Shlain\u003c/a>, a San Francisco Bay Area filmmaker, and her family power down all their devices every Friday evening, for a 24-hour period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's something we look forward to each week,\" Shlain says. She and her husband, \u003ca href=\"http://goldberg.berkeley.edu/\">Ken Goldberg\u003c/a>, a professor in the field of robotics at the University of California, Berkeley, are very tech savvy. But they find they need a break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"During the week, [we're] like an emotional pinball machine responding to all the external forces,\" Shlain says. The buzzes, beeps, emails, alerts and notifications never end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"CxusGEKMF5T7grXSkHBqSBiJdJgEJ0Lb\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shutting the smartphones off shuts out all those distractions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're making your time sacred again — reclaiming it,\" Shlain says. \"You stop all the noise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they started the digital break about nine years ago, which they call \"Tech Shabbat,\" Saturdays suddenly felt very different. The family's not religious, she says, but they love the Jewish Sabbath ritual of setting aside a day for rest or restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The days felt much longer, and we generally feel much more relaxed,\" says Goldberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their daughter, Odessa Shlain Goldberg, a ninth-grader, says the unplugging takes some of the pressure off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no FOMO — fear of missing out — or seeing what my friends are doing,\" Odessa says. \"It's a family day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teen says the perspective she gains from the digital power-down carries over into the rest of the week. For instance, she thinks differently about social media. She realizes the social media feeds often make other people's lives appear more exciting or glamorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're sitting at home scrolling, you're not having that glamorous experience,\" she says. \"So it feels a little discouraging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smartphones Can Compound Teen Angst, But There's a Sweet Spot\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Odessa is definitely not alone in those observations. Social media can amplify the anxieties that come along with adolescence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study of high school students, \u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-02758-001\">published\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>Emotion\u003c/em>, found that too much time spent on digital devices is linked to lower self-esteem and a decrease in well-being. The survey asked teens how much time they spent — outside of schoolwork — on activities such as texting, gaming, searching the internet or using social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"qFdcuTH84RQhsZDmgipLPSbDnCE4ZTOg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We found teens who spend five or more hours a day online are twice as likely to say they're unhappy,\" compared to those who spend less time plugged in, explains the study's author, \u003ca href=\"http://www.psychology.sdsu.edu/people/jean-twenge/\">Jean Twenge\u003c/a>, a professor of psychology at San Diego State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenge's research suggests digital abstinence is not good either. Teens who have no access to screens or social media may feel shut out, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be a sweet spot. According to the survey data, \"the teens who spend a little time — an hour or two hours a day [on their devices] — those are actually the happiest teens,\" Twenge says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At its best, technology connects us to new ideas and people. It makes the world smaller and opens up possibilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The ability to connect with people across the world is one of the great benefits,\" Odessa believes. She says she's made some of her friends \"purely online.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to wrestle with it more,\" her mother says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technology is not going away. Our lives are becoming more wired all the time. But Shlain and Odessa say taking a weekly break helps their whole family find a happy medium in dealing with their phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Smartphone+Detox%3A+How+To+Power+Down+In+A+Wired+World&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If the Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov were alive today, what would he say about smartphones? He might not think of them as phones at all, but instead as remarkable tools for understanding how technology can manipulate our brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pavlov's own findings — from experiments he did more than a century ago, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nobelprize.org/educational/medicine/pavlov/readmore.html\">involving food, buzzers and slobbering dogs\u003c/a> — offer key insights into why our phones have become almost an extension of our bodies, modern researchers say. The findings also provide clues to how we can break our dependence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pavlov originally set off to study canine digestion. But one day, he noticed something peculiar while feeding his dogs. If he played a sound — like a metronome or buzzer — before mealtimes, eventually the sound started to have a special meaning for the animals. It meant food was coming! The dogs actually started drooling when they heard the sound, even if no food was around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hearing the buzzer had become pleasurable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's exactly what's happening with smartphones, says \u003ca href=\"http://virtual-addiction.com/about-us/\">David Greenfield\u003c/a>, a psychologist and assistant clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Connecticut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we hear a ding or little ditty alerting us to a new text, email or Facebook post, cells in our brains likely release dopamine — one of the chemical transmitters in the brain's reward circuitry. That dopamine makes us feel pleasure, Greenfield says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That ping is telling us there is some type of reward there, waiting for us,\" Greenfield says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, that ping can become more powerful than the reward itself. Research on animals suggests dopamine levels in the brain can be twice as high when you anticipate the reward as when you actually receive it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, just hearing the notification can be more pleasurable than the text, email or tweet. \"Smartphone notifications have turned us all into Pavlov's dogs,\" Greenfield says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/584389201/585032374\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Signs You Might Need to Cut Back\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The average adult checks their phone 50 to 300 times each day, Greenfield says. And smartphones use psychological tricks that encourage our continued high usage — some of the same tricks slot machines use to hook gamblers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For example, every time you look at your phone, you don't know what you're going to find — how relevant or desirable a message is going to be,\" Greenfield says. \"So you keep checking it over and over again because every once in a while, there's something good there.\" (This is called \u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/brain-wise/201311/use-unpredictable-rewards-keep-behavior-going\">a variable ratio schedule\u003c/a> of reinforcement. Animal studies suggest it makes dopamine skyrocket in the brain's reward circuitry and is possibly one reason people keep playing slot machines.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of doctors and psychologists are concerned about our relationship with the phone. There's a debate about what to call the problem. Some say \"disorder\" or \"problematic behavior.\" Others think over-reliance on a smartphone can become a behavioral addiction, like gambling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a spectrum disorder,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/anna-lembke\">Dr. Anna Lembke\u003c/a>, a psychiatrist at Stanford University, who studies addiction. \"There are mild, moderate and extreme forms.\" And for many people, there's no problem at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this way, the phone is kind of like alcohol, Lembke says. Moderate alcohol consumption can be beneficial, for some people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can make an argument that a temperate amount of smartphone or screen use might be good for people,\" Lembke says. \"So I'm not saying, 'Everybody get rid of their smartphones because they're completely addictive.' But instead, let's be very thoughtful about how we're how we're using these devices, because we can use them in pathological ways.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Signs you might be experiencing problematic use, Lembke says, include these:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Interacting with the device keeps you up late or otherwise interferes with your sleep.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It reduces the time you have to be with friends or family.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It interferes with your ability to finish work or homework.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It causes you to be rude, even subconsciously. \"For instance,\" Lembke asks, \"are you in the middle of having a conversation with someone and just dropping down and scrolling through your phone?\" That's a bad sign.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>It's squelching your creativity. \"I think that's really what people don't realize with their smartphone usage,\" Lembke says. \"It can really deprive you of a kind of seamless flow of creative thought that generates from your own brain.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Consider a Digital Detox One Day a Week\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.letitripple.org/about/tiffany-shlain/\">Tiffany Shlain\u003c/a>, a San Francisco Bay Area filmmaker, and her family power down all their devices every Friday evening, for a 24-hour period.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's something we look forward to each week,\" Shlain says. She and her husband, \u003ca href=\"http://goldberg.berkeley.edu/\">Ken Goldberg\u003c/a>, a professor in the field of robotics at the University of California, Berkeley, are very tech savvy. But they find they need a break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"During the week, [we're] like an emotional pinball machine responding to all the external forces,\" Shlain says. The buzzes, beeps, emails, alerts and notifications never end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shutting the smartphones off shuts out all those distractions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're making your time sacred again — reclaiming it,\" Shlain says. \"You stop all the noise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they started the digital break about nine years ago, which they call \"Tech Shabbat,\" Saturdays suddenly felt very different. The family's not religious, she says, but they love the Jewish Sabbath ritual of setting aside a day for rest or restoration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The days felt much longer, and we generally feel much more relaxed,\" says Goldberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their daughter, Odessa Shlain Goldberg, a ninth-grader, says the unplugging takes some of the pressure off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's no FOMO — fear of missing out — or seeing what my friends are doing,\" Odessa says. \"It's a family day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The teen says the perspective she gains from the digital power-down carries over into the rest of the week. For instance, she thinks differently about social media. She realizes the social media feeds often make other people's lives appear more exciting or glamorous.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're sitting at home scrolling, you're not having that glamorous experience,\" she says. \"So it feels a little discouraging.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Smartphones Can Compound Teen Angst, But There's a Sweet Spot\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Odessa is definitely not alone in those observations. Social media can amplify the anxieties that come along with adolescence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study of high school students, \u003ca href=\"http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2018-02758-001\">published\u003c/a> in the journal \u003cem>Emotion\u003c/em>, found that too much time spent on digital devices is linked to lower self-esteem and a decrease in well-being. The survey asked teens how much time they spent — outside of schoolwork — on activities such as texting, gaming, searching the internet or using social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We found teens who spend five or more hours a day online are twice as likely to say they're unhappy,\" compared to those who spend less time plugged in, explains the study's author, \u003ca href=\"http://www.psychology.sdsu.edu/people/jean-twenge/\">Jean Twenge\u003c/a>, a professor of psychology at San Diego State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenge's research suggests digital abstinence is not good either. Teens who have no access to screens or social media may feel shut out, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be a sweet spot. According to the survey data, \"the teens who spend a little time — an hour or two hours a day [on their devices] — those are actually the happiest teens,\" Twenge says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At its best, technology connects us to new ideas and people. It makes the world smaller and opens up possibilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The ability to connect with people across the world is one of the great benefits,\" Odessa believes. She says she's made some of her friends \"purely online.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to wrestle with it more,\" her mother says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technology is not going away. Our lives are becoming more wired all the time. But Shlain and Odessa say taking a weekly break helps their whole family find a happy medium in dealing with their phones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Smartphone+Detox%3A+How+To+Power+Down+In+A+Wired+World&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "S.F. Organization Sues Man in U.S. Court for Allegedly Leading Massacre in Liberia",
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"content": "\u003cp>A San Francisco-based human rights group is levying war crimes and other charges against a man now living in the United States who is accused in a federal lawsuit filed today of leading a massacre that killed several hundred civilians during a Liberian civil war nearly 30 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As commander of a specialized unit in the Liberian military, Moses W. Thomas allegedly directed an assault on a church in the country's capital, Monrovia, in late July 1990, according to the lawsuit filed by the Center for Justice and Accountability. The attack killed approximately 600 unarmed men, women and children over the course of several hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massacre at St. Peter's Lutheran Church took place during Liberia's first civil war, a seven-year conflict starting in 1989 that is believed to have resulted in the deaths of 200,000 people. Violence continued in the country and erupted into a second civil war that lasted from 1999 to 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that no one's been held accountable for this attack, given the serious nature of this attack, was a real travesty of justice,\" said Nushin Sarkarati, a CJA staff lawyer and the lead attorney in the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is the first U.S. lawsuit aimed at holding a Liberian government forces commander in the country's first civil war responsible for serious violations of international law, according to CJA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It brings hope that justice will be served,\" said Lovetta Tugbeh, director of the California-based Coalition for Justice in Liberia. She said some of the members of the organization are survivors of the church massacre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These deaths should not be something buried under the carpet. There has to be accountability,\" Tugbeh said. \"Many of the victims are in pain. They're still grieving.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit was filed in U.S. District Court in Philadelphia on behalf of four of the church massacre's survivors. Some of them say they witnessed their relatives killed and hid under dead bodies to survive, according to the complaint. One was shot in the leg. Another was stabbed in the arm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reached on his cellphone Monday, Thomas said he \"disputes the allegations 1,000 percent,\" and called them \"nonsense.\" He said he was in Liberia at the time of the massacre and was a member of the Liberian military. He said he wasn't at the church and knows no details about the mass killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit does not identify the four plaintiffs, all Liberian citizens still residing there, because they fear violent retribution against themselves or their relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are seeking compensatory and punitive damages and say Thomas is liable for extrajudicial killing, torture, war crimes and crimes against humanity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CJA's clients allege that Thomas commanded what was known as the Special Anti-Terrorist Unit, a part of the military arm of the Liberian government under President Samuel Doe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attack took place amid the rebellion led by Charles Taylor, who would become Liberia's president in 1997 and was then convicted by a United Nations-backed court in 2012 for murder, enslavement and the recruitment of child soldiers. Taylor was sentenced to 50 years in prison for aiding and abetting war crimes in Sierra Leone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As violence intensified during the war, Liberians flooded humanitarian aid centers. The Red Cross and a network of churches set up shelters to house thousands of displaced people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of those displaced were members of the Mano and Gio tribes, who were perceived to be loyal to Taylor. President Doe was a member of the majority Krahn tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CJA suit alleges that Thomas knew the church was a shelter for civilians. He told dozens of soldiers that \"their mission was to kill all the people in the Lutheran Church compound regardless of whether or not they were rebels,\" the complaint says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soldiers opened fire on the civilians using assault rifles in some cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Bodies piled up on the floor,\" the lawsuit says. \"Some women were raped before they were murdered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the shooting, soldiers used machetes to hack up many people who were injured or hiding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A witness quoted in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.markhuband.com/liberian-troops-massacre-600/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">story\u003c/a> from the Guardian newspaper the day after the massacre said he had seen \"women with their heads smashed open or blown to pieces by bullets, with babies still tied to their backs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The witness also said he had seen \"other bodies hanging from the window frames of the church building, apparently killed while trying to escape.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the plaintiffs said he saw Thomas standing in the front courtyard of the church carrying a pistol, and that Thomas issued a cease-fire order that ended the attack, according to the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint says the bodies of civilians killed at the church remained where they had fallen for months until volunteers brought them to mass graves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the war there was no thorough investigation of the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had to do that now, many years later,\" Sarkarati said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CJA's legal team traveled to Liberia to investigate the attack, she said. They interviewed survivors, first responders and even some of the war's combatants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization alleges that Thomas fled Liberia and entered the U.S. in 2002. He applied for immigration status under a program meant to assist victims of war crimes, the lawsuit says. He now lives in suburban Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case hinges on the federal Torture Victim Protection Act, which allows victims of extreme human rights violations outside the United States to bring claims for damages against alleged perpetrators in U.S. courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These lawsuits tend to be uphill battles,\" said Stephen Vladeck, a professor at the University of Texas School of Law, \"not because the facts aren't horrendous and not because the plaintiffs aren't sympathetic, but because there are a whole bunch of procedural obstacles that the plaintiffs usually have to overcome.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court has been increasingly skeptical of allowing claims under the Alien Tort Statute, a law that was amended to create the Torture Victim Protection Act, for conduct outside the United States, Vladeck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court has ruled that such cases need to \"touch and concern\" the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CJA's lawyers argue that the 1990 massacre at St. Peter's Lutheran Church has a significant connection to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thoma has lived in the U.S. for some 17 years, the lawsuit says, and the attack was part of a larger set of violence that harmed American citizens, a federal agency and a U.S.-affiliated religious institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs also note the historical connection between the U.S. and Liberia: The country was established by freed American slaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These cases are inevitably cases that tug at even the most stoic person's heartstrings, and they're cases that cry out for some kind of remedy,\" Vladeck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge in the case will have to weigh how necessary it is for a U.S. federal court to hear a case about mass killings on foreign soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's also the question of to what extent we really want our federal courts to become basically the human rights police for the world,\" Vladeck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005, a Truth and Reconciliation Commission was set up to identify serious violations of international law that took place during the country's two civil wars. The commission looked into the Lutheran church massacre and recommended that a new court be established to prosecute war criminals, according to the CJA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But nothing happened after that,\" Sarkarati said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the victims lost faith in government, lost faith in the rule of law,\" she said. \"For them, they thought justice was never possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the complaint below.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4377430-W-Et-Al-v-Thomas\" notes=\"true\" text=\"true\" search=\"true\" sidebar=\"true\" pdf=\"true\" responsive=\"true\" page=\"1\"]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The lawsuit 'brings hope that justice will be served,' said Lovetta Tugbeh, director of the California-based Coalition for Justice in Liberia.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A San Francisco-based human rights group is levying war crimes and other charges against a man now living in the United States who is accused in a federal lawsuit filed today of leading a massacre that killed several hundred civilians during a Liberian civil war nearly 30 years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As commander of a specialized unit in the Liberian military, Moses W. Thomas allegedly directed an assault on a church in the country's capital, Monrovia, in late July 1990, according to the lawsuit filed by the Center for Justice and Accountability. The attack killed approximately 600 unarmed men, women and children over the course of several hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massacre at St. Peter's Lutheran Church took place during Liberia's first civil war, a seven-year conflict starting in 1989 that is believed to have resulted in the deaths of 200,000 people. Violence continued in the country and erupted into a second civil war that lasted from 1999 to 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that no one's been held accountable for this attack, given the serious nature of this attack, was a real travesty of justice,\" said Nushin Sarkarati, a CJA staff lawyer and the lead attorney in the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is the first U.S. lawsuit aimed at holding a Liberian government forces commander in the country's first civil war responsible for serious violations of international law, according to CJA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It brings hope that justice will be served,\" said Lovetta Tugbeh, director of the California-based Coalition for Justice in Liberia. She said some of the members of the organization are survivors of the church massacre.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These deaths should not be something buried under the carpet. There has to be accountability,\" Tugbeh said. \"Many of the victims are in pain. They're still grieving.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit was filed in U.S. District Court in Philadelphia on behalf of four of the church massacre's survivors. Some of them say they witnessed their relatives killed and hid under dead bodies to survive, according to the complaint. One was shot in the leg. Another was stabbed in the arm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reached on his cellphone Monday, Thomas said he \"disputes the allegations 1,000 percent,\" and called them \"nonsense.\" He said he was in Liberia at the time of the massacre and was a member of the Liberian military. He said he wasn't at the church and knows no details about the mass killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit does not identify the four plaintiffs, all Liberian citizens still residing there, because they fear violent retribution against themselves or their relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are seeking compensatory and punitive damages and say Thomas is liable for extrajudicial killing, torture, war crimes and crimes against humanity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CJA's clients allege that Thomas commanded what was known as the Special Anti-Terrorist Unit, a part of the military arm of the Liberian government under President Samuel Doe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The attack took place amid the rebellion led by Charles Taylor, who would become Liberia's president in 1997 and was then convicted by a United Nations-backed court in 2012 for murder, enslavement and the recruitment of child soldiers. Taylor was sentenced to 50 years in prison for aiding and abetting war crimes in Sierra Leone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As violence intensified during the war, Liberians flooded humanitarian aid centers. The Red Cross and a network of churches set up shelters to house thousands of displaced people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of those displaced were members of the Mano and Gio tribes, who were perceived to be loyal to Taylor. President Doe was a member of the majority Krahn tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CJA suit alleges that Thomas knew the church was a shelter for civilians. He told dozens of soldiers that \"their mission was to kill all the people in the Lutheran Church compound regardless of whether or not they were rebels,\" the complaint says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soldiers opened fire on the civilians using assault rifles in some cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Bodies piled up on the floor,\" the lawsuit says. \"Some women were raped before they were murdered.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the shooting, soldiers used machetes to hack up many people who were injured or hiding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A witness quoted in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.markhuband.com/liberian-troops-massacre-600/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">story\u003c/a> from the Guardian newspaper the day after the massacre said he had seen \"women with their heads smashed open or blown to pieces by bullets, with babies still tied to their backs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The witness also said he had seen \"other bodies hanging from the window frames of the church building, apparently killed while trying to escape.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the plaintiffs said he saw Thomas standing in the front courtyard of the church carrying a pistol, and that Thomas issued a cease-fire order that ended the attack, according to the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint says the bodies of civilians killed at the church remained where they had fallen for months until volunteers brought them to mass graves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the war there was no thorough investigation of the attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We had to do that now, many years later,\" Sarkarati said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CJA's legal team traveled to Liberia to investigate the attack, she said. They interviewed survivors, first responders and even some of the war's combatants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization alleges that Thomas fled Liberia and entered the U.S. in 2002. He applied for immigration status under a program meant to assist victims of war crimes, the lawsuit says. He now lives in suburban Philadelphia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case hinges on the federal Torture Victim Protection Act, which allows victims of extreme human rights violations outside the United States to bring claims for damages against alleged perpetrators in U.S. courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These lawsuits tend to be uphill battles,\" said Stephen Vladeck, a professor at the University of Texas School of Law, \"not because the facts aren't horrendous and not because the plaintiffs aren't sympathetic, but because there are a whole bunch of procedural obstacles that the plaintiffs usually have to overcome.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court has been increasingly skeptical of allowing claims under the Alien Tort Statute, a law that was amended to create the Torture Victim Protection Act, for conduct outside the United States, Vladeck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The high court has ruled that such cases need to \"touch and concern\" the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CJA's lawyers argue that the 1990 massacre at St. Peter's Lutheran Church has a significant connection to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thoma has lived in the U.S. for some 17 years, the lawsuit says, and the attack was part of a larger set of violence that harmed American citizens, a federal agency and a U.S.-affiliated religious institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs also note the historical connection between the U.S. and Liberia: The country was established by freed American slaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"These cases are inevitably cases that tug at even the most stoic person's heartstrings, and they're cases that cry out for some kind of remedy,\" Vladeck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge in the case will have to weigh how necessary it is for a U.S. federal court to hear a case about mass killings on foreign soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's also the question of to what extent we really want our federal courts to become basically the human rights police for the world,\" Vladeck said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2005, a Truth and Reconciliation Commission was set up to identify serious violations of international law that took place during the country's two civil wars. The commission looked into the Lutheran church massacre and recommended that a new court be established to prosecute war criminals, according to the CJA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But nothing happened after that,\" Sarkarati said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of the victims lost faith in government, lost faith in the rule of law,\" she said. \"For them, they thought justice was never possible.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Read the complaint below.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "californias-other-drought-a-major-earthquake-is-overdue",
"title": "California's Other Drought: A Major Earthquake Is Overdue",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/richard-aster-331808\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Aster\u003c/a> is professor of geophysics at \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/colorado-state-university-1267\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Colorado State University\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California earthquakes are a geologic inevitability. The state straddles the North American and Pacific tectonic plates and is crisscrossed by the San Andreas and other active fault systems. The magnitude 7.9 earthquake that struck off Alaska’s Kodiak Island on Jan. 23, 2018, was just the latest reminder of major seismic activity along the Pacific Rim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tragic quakes that occurred in 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/11/12/middleeast/iraq-earthquake/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">near the Iran-Iraq border\u003c/a> and in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/08/world/americas/mexico-earthquake.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">central Mexico\u003c/a>, with magnitudes of 7.3 and 7.1, respectively, are well within the range of earthquake sizes that have a high likelihood of occurring in highly populated parts of California during the next few decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earthquake situation in California is actually more dire than people who aren’t seismologists like myself may realize. Although many Californians can recount experiencing an earthquake, most have never personally experienced a strong one. For major events, with magnitudes of 7 or greater, California is actually in an \u003ca href=\"http://projects.scpr.org/timelines/historic-california-earthquakes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">earthquake drought\u003c/a>. Multiple segments of the expansive San Andreas Fault system are now sufficiently stressed to produce large and damaging events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is that earthquake readiness is part of the state’s culture, and earthquake science is advancing — including much-improved simulations of large quake effects and development of an early warning system for the Pacific coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Last Big One\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California occupies a central place in the history of seismology. The April 18, 1906, San Francisco earthquake (magnitude 7.8) was pivotal to both earthquake hazard awareness and the development of earthquake science — including the fundamental insight that earthquakes arise from faults that abruptly rupture and slip. The San Andreas Fault slipped by as much as 20 feet (6 meters) in this earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although ground-shaking damage was severe in many places along the nearly 310-mile (500-kilometer) fault rupture, much of San Francisco was actually destroyed by the subsequent fire, due to the large number of ignition points and a breakdown in emergency services. That scenario continues to haunt earthquake response planners. Consider what might happen if a major earthquake were to strike Los Angeles during fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648354\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648354\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-960x638.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-520x345.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Collapsed Santa Monica Freeway bridge across La Cienega Boulevard, Los Angeles, after the Northridge earthquake, Jan. 17, 1994. \u003ccite>(\u003ca class=\"source\" href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FEMA_-_1766_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg\">Robert A. Eplett/FEMA\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Seismic Science\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When a major earthquake occurs anywhere on the planet, \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">modern global seismographic networks and rapid response protocols\u003c/a> now enable scientists, emergency responders and the public to assess it quickly — typically, within tens of minutes or less — including location, magnitude, ground motion and estimated casualties and property losses. And by studying the buildup of stresses along mapped faults, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/seismologists-deploy-after-a-quake-to-learn-more-so-we-can-prepare-for-the-next-one-34472\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">past earthquake history\u003c/a>, and other data and modeling, we can forecast likelihoods and magnitudes of earthquakes over long time periods in California and elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the interplay of stresses and faults in the Earth is dauntingly chaotic. And even with continuing advances in basic research and ever-improving data, laboratory and theoretical studies, there are no known reliable and universal precursory phenomena to suggest that the time, location and size of individual large earthquakes can be predicted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major earthquakes thus typically occur with no immediate warning whatsoever, and mitigating risks requires sustained readiness and resource commitments. This can pose serious challenges, since cities and nations may thrive for many decades or longer without experiencing major earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California’s Earthquake Drought\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was the last quake greater than magnitude 7 to occur on the San Andreas Fault system. The inexorable motions of plate tectonics mean that every year, strands of the fault system accumulate stresses that correspond to a seismic slip of millimeters to centimeters. Eventually, these stresses will be released suddenly in earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the central-southern stretch of the San Andreas Fault has not slipped since 1857, and the southernmost segment may not have ruptured since 1680. The highly urbanized \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5013/sir20175013ah.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hayward Fault\u003c/a> in the East Bay region has not generated a major earthquake since 1868.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reflecting this deficit, the \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3009/pdf/fs2015-3009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast\u003c/a> estimates that there is a 93 percent probability of a 7.0 or larger earthquake occurring in the Golden State region by 2045, with the highest probabilities occurring along the San Andreas Fault system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648355\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648355\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-800x572.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-960x686.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-240x172.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-375x268.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-520x372.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Perspective view of California’s major faults, showing forecast probabilities estimated by the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast. The color bar shows the estimated percent likelihood of a magnitude 6.7 or larger earthquake during the next 30 years, as of 2014. Note that nearly the entire San Andreas Fault system is red. \u003ccite>(\u003ca class=\"source\" href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UCERF3_fig01-b.jpg\">USGS\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Can California Do More?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s population has grown more than 20-fold since the 1906 earthquake and currently is close to 40 million. Many residents and all state emergency managers are widely engaged in earthquake readiness and planning. These preparations are among the most advanced in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the general public, preparations include participating in drills like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Great California Shakeout\u003c/a>, held annually since 2008, and preparing for earthquakes and other natural hazards with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/EPO/Pages/BePreparedCalifornia.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">home and car disaster kits and a family disaster plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No California earthquake since the 1933 Long Beach event (6.4) has killed more than 100 people. Quakes in 1971 (San Fernando, 6.7); 1989 (Loma Prieta; 6.9); 1994 (Northridge; 6.7); and 2014 (South Napa; 6.0) each caused more than $1 billion in property damage, but fatalities in each event were, remarkably, dozens or less. Strong and proactive implementation of seismically informed building codes and other preparations and emergency planning in California saved scores of lives in these medium-sized earthquakes. Any of them could have been disastrous in less prepared nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/142904146\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, California’s infrastructure, response planning and general preparedness will doubtlessly be tested when the inevitable and long-delayed “big ones” occur along the San Andreas Fault system. Ultimate damage and casualty levels are hard to project and hinge on the severity of associated hazards such as landslides and fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several nations and regions now have or are developing earthquake early warning systems, which use early detected ground motion near a quake’s origin to alert more distant populations before strong seismic shaking arrives. This permits rapid responses that can reduce infrastructure damage. Such systems provide warning times of up to tens of seconds in the most favorable circumstances, but the notice will likely be shorter than this for many California earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early warning systems are operational now in Japan, Taiwan, Mexico and Romania. Systems in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cisn.org/eew/eew.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://pnsn.org/pnsn-data-products/earthquake-early-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pacific Northwest\u003c/a> are presently under development with early versions in operation. Earthquake early warning is by no means a panacea for saving lives and property, but it represents a significant step toward improving earthquake safety and awareness along the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/90517/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">Managing earthquake risk requires a resilient system of social awareness, education and communications, coupled with effective short- and long-term responses and implemented within an optimally safe built environment. As California prepares for large earthquakes after a hiatus of more than a century, the clock is ticking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation\u003c/a>, an online publication that features academics writing about their research and ideas for the public. KQED and The Conversation are partners in the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Dream\u003c/a> project, a collaboration looking at the Golden State’s promise, whether we are achieving it, and the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Multiple segments of the expansive San Andreas Fault system are now sufficiently stressed to produce large and damaging events.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/richard-aster-331808\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Aster\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr />\u003cem>Colorado State, for \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a>\u003c/em>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/richard-aster-331808\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Richard Aster\u003c/a> is professor of geophysics at \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/colorado-state-university-1267\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Colorado State University\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California earthquakes are a geologic inevitability. The state straddles the North American and Pacific tectonic plates and is crisscrossed by the San Andreas and other active fault systems. The magnitude 7.9 earthquake that struck off Alaska’s Kodiak Island on Jan. 23, 2018, was just the latest reminder of major seismic activity along the Pacific Rim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tragic quakes that occurred in 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/11/12/middleeast/iraq-earthquake/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">near the Iran-Iraq border\u003c/a> and in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/08/world/americas/mexico-earthquake.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">central Mexico\u003c/a>, with magnitudes of 7.3 and 7.1, respectively, are well within the range of earthquake sizes that have a high likelihood of occurring in highly populated parts of California during the next few decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earthquake situation in California is actually more dire than people who aren’t seismologists like myself may realize. Although many Californians can recount experiencing an earthquake, most have never personally experienced a strong one. For major events, with magnitudes of 7 or greater, California is actually in an \u003ca href=\"http://projects.scpr.org/timelines/historic-california-earthquakes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">earthquake drought\u003c/a>. Multiple segments of the expansive San Andreas Fault system are now sufficiently stressed to produce large and damaging events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The good news is that earthquake readiness is part of the state’s culture, and earthquake science is advancing — including much-improved simulations of large quake effects and development of an early warning system for the Pacific coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Last Big One\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California occupies a central place in the history of seismology. The April 18, 1906, San Francisco earthquake (magnitude 7.8) was pivotal to both earthquake hazard awareness and the development of earthquake science — including the fundamental insight that earthquakes arise from faults that abruptly rupture and slip. The San Andreas Fault slipped by as much as 20 feet (6 meters) in this earthquake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although ground-shaking damage was severe in many places along the nearly 310-mile (500-kilometer) fault rupture, much of San Francisco was actually destroyed by the subsequent fire, due to the large number of ignition points and a breakdown in emergency services. That scenario continues to haunt earthquake response planners. Consider what might happen if a major earthquake were to strike Los Angeles during fire season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648354\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648354\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-800x531.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-800x531.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-1020x677.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-960x638.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-375x249.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex-520x345.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake2-file-20180126-100908-wl4bex.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Collapsed Santa Monica Freeway bridge across La Cienega Boulevard, Los Angeles, after the Northridge earthquake, Jan. 17, 1994. \u003ccite>(\u003ca class=\"source\" href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FEMA_-_1766_-_Photograph_by_Robert_A._Eplett_taken_on_01-17-1994_in_California.jpg\">Robert A. Eplett/FEMA\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Seismic Science\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When a major earthquake occurs anywhere on the planet, \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">modern global seismographic networks and rapid response protocols\u003c/a> now enable scientists, emergency responders and the public to assess it quickly — typically, within tens of minutes or less — including location, magnitude, ground motion and estimated casualties and property losses. And by studying the buildup of stresses along mapped faults, \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/seismologists-deploy-after-a-quake-to-learn-more-so-we-can-prepare-for-the-next-one-34472\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">past earthquake history\u003c/a>, and other data and modeling, we can forecast likelihoods and magnitudes of earthquakes over long time periods in California and elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the interplay of stresses and faults in the Earth is dauntingly chaotic. And even with continuing advances in basic research and ever-improving data, laboratory and theoretical studies, there are no known reliable and universal precursory phenomena to suggest that the time, location and size of individual large earthquakes can be predicted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major earthquakes thus typically occur with no immediate warning whatsoever, and mitigating risks requires sustained readiness and resource commitments. This can pose serious challenges, since cities and nations may thrive for many decades or longer without experiencing major earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California’s Earthquake Drought\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was the last quake greater than magnitude 7 to occur on the San Andreas Fault system. The inexorable motions of plate tectonics mean that every year, strands of the fault system accumulate stresses that correspond to a seismic slip of millimeters to centimeters. Eventually, these stresses will be released suddenly in earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the central-southern stretch of the San Andreas Fault has not slipped since 1857, and the southernmost segment may not have ruptured since 1680. The highly urbanized \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5013/sir20175013ah.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hayward Fault\u003c/a> in the East Bay region has not generated a major earthquake since 1868.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reflecting this deficit, the \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3009/pdf/fs2015-3009.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast\u003c/a> estimates that there is a 93 percent probability of a 7.0 or larger earthquake occurring in the Golden State region by 2045, with the highest probabilities occurring along the San Andreas Fault system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11648355\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11648355\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-800x572.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-960x686.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-240x172.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-375x268.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx-520x372.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/quake3-file-20180126-100893-18czthx.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Perspective view of California’s major faults, showing forecast probabilities estimated by the third Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast. The color bar shows the estimated percent likelihood of a magnitude 6.7 or larger earthquake during the next 30 years, as of 2014. Note that nearly the entire San Andreas Fault system is red. \u003ccite>(\u003ca class=\"source\" href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:UCERF3_fig01-b.jpg\">USGS\u003c/a>)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Can California Do More?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s population has grown more than 20-fold since the 1906 earthquake and currently is close to 40 million. Many residents and all state emergency managers are widely engaged in earthquake readiness and planning. These preparations are among the most advanced in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the general public, preparations include participating in drills like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.shakeout.org/california/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Great California Shakeout\u003c/a>, held annually since 2008, and preparing for earthquakes and other natural hazards with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/EPO/Pages/BePreparedCalifornia.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">home and car disaster kits and a family disaster plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No California earthquake since the 1933 Long Beach event (6.4) has killed more than 100 people. Quakes in 1971 (San Fernando, 6.7); 1989 (Loma Prieta; 6.9); 1994 (Northridge; 6.7); and 2014 (South Napa; 6.0) each caused more than $1 billion in property damage, but fatalities in each event were, remarkably, dozens or less. Strong and proactive implementation of seismically informed building codes and other preparations and emergency planning in California saved scores of lives in these medium-sized earthquakes. Any of them could have been disastrous in less prepared nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/142904146\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, California’s infrastructure, response planning and general preparedness will doubtlessly be tested when the inevitable and long-delayed “big ones” occur along the San Andreas Fault system. Ultimate damage and casualty levels are hard to project and hinge on the severity of associated hazards such as landslides and fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several nations and regions now have or are developing earthquake early warning systems, which use early detected ground motion near a quake’s origin to alert more distant populations before strong seismic shaking arrives. This permits rapid responses that can reduce infrastructure damage. Such systems provide warning times of up to tens of seconds in the most favorable circumstances, but the notice will likely be shorter than this for many California earthquakes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early warning systems are operational now in Japan, Taiwan, Mexico and Romania. Systems in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cisn.org/eew/eew.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://pnsn.org/pnsn-data-products/earthquake-early-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pacific Northwest\u003c/a> are presently under development with early versions in operation. Earthquake early warning is by no means a panacea for saving lives and property, but it represents a significant step toward improving earthquake safety and awareness along the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/90517/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">Managing earthquake risk requires a resilient system of social awareness, education and communications, coupled with effective short- and long-term responses and implemented within an optimally safe built environment. As California prepares for large earthquakes after a hiatus of more than a century, the clock is ticking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article originally appeared in \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Conversation\u003c/a>, an online publication that features academics writing about their research and ideas for the public. KQED and The Conversation are partners in the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Dream\u003c/a> project, a collaboration looking at the Golden State’s promise, whether we are achieving it, and the future of California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Have California’s medical marijuana dispensaries helped ease the state’s opioid crisis? Several studies have found lower rates of opioid-related overdoses in states that have legalized marijuana for medical purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167629617311852\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new study\u003c/a> published in the Journal of Health Economics suggests states that have made it easiest for patients to buy medical marijuana — primarily via dispensaries — have seen the greatest impact on opioid overdose deaths. The study was co-authored by researchers from UC Irvine and the RAND Corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dispensaries need to be open and operating to see the effect,” the RAND Corporation’s Rosalie Pacula, one of the study’s authors, said at a recent conference sponsored by UC Irvine’s new Center for the Study of Cannabis. “Market size matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Pacula cautioned that changing state marijuana laws and the evolving nature of the opioid crisis make it difficult to formulate solid conclusions. Plus, she said, the long-term health impacts of using marijuana — especially today’s potent and varied derivatives — are unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need more information and longer time periods in order to see what the longer term effects are,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”zTQSRlpZPtePsCFg0rvRptnIgE6Cjksn”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=24625\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine confirmed marijuana’s usefulness in reducing pain. And many patients have reported needing fewer prescription painkillers after starting on medical marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, experts said cannabis won’t solve the opioid crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it going to be a cure? I don’t think so,” Igor Grant, director of UC San Diego’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research\u003c/a>, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, only some opioid addicts use the drug for pain; many use it to get high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/keith-humphreys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Keith Humphreys\u003c/a>, who studies addiction and drug policy at Stanford University, agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people use opioids and cannabis and one doesn’t necessarily make them stop the other,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”EM2mCfPAFhr5BwoZjQUqu56sFqh2GPAn”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Humphreys said we need more granular research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way to figure out whether it works is to study individuals, not states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s extremely difficult to study cannabis in the U.S. because of federal restrictions. And until recently, the government only allowed researchers to use cannabis grown at the University of Mississippi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humphreys and Grant said they were hopeful about the potential for more and better research in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s new recreational marijuana laws include a commitment to give state universities $2 million annually for medical cannabis research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sort of a fertile time,” Humphreys said. “If we can get the regulatory environment right such that people can do the science without it being incredibly cumbersome and incredibly expensive, it’s potentially quite exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Have California’s medical marijuana dispensaries helped ease the state’s opioid crisis? Several studies have found lower rates of opioid-related overdoses in states that have legalized marijuana for medical purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167629617311852\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new study\u003c/a> published in the Journal of Health Economics suggests states that have made it easiest for patients to buy medical marijuana — primarily via dispensaries — have seen the greatest impact on opioid overdose deaths. The study was co-authored by researchers from UC Irvine and the RAND Corporation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Dispensaries need to be open and operating to see the effect,” the RAND Corporation’s Rosalie Pacula, one of the study’s authors, said at a recent conference sponsored by UC Irvine’s new Center for the Study of Cannabis. “Market size matters.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Pacula cautioned that changing state marijuana laws and the evolving nature of the opioid crisis make it difficult to formulate solid conclusions. Plus, she said, the long-term health impacts of using marijuana — especially today’s potent and varied derivatives — are unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need more information and longer time periods in order to see what the longer term effects are,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=24625\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine confirmed marijuana’s usefulness in reducing pain. And many patients have reported needing fewer prescription painkillers after starting on medical marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, experts said cannabis won’t solve the opioid crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is it going to be a cure? I don’t think so,” Igor Grant, director of UC San Diego’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Medicinal Cannabis Research\u003c/a>, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one thing, only some opioid addicts use the drug for pain; many use it to get high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/keith-humphreys\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Keith Humphreys\u003c/a>, who studies addiction and drug policy at Stanford University, agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people use opioids and cannabis and one doesn’t necessarily make them stop the other,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Humphreys said we need more granular research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way to figure out whether it works is to study individuals, not states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s extremely difficult to study cannabis in the U.S. because of federal restrictions. And until recently, the government only allowed researchers to use cannabis grown at the University of Mississippi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Humphreys and Grant said they were hopeful about the potential for more and better research in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s new recreational marijuana laws include a commitment to give state universities $2 million annually for medical cannabis research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s sort of a fertile time,” Humphreys said. “If we can get the regulatory environment right such that people can do the science without it being incredibly cumbersome and incredibly expensive, it’s potentially quite exciting.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 11:40 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate is set to start debate Monday afternoon on immigration, launching an unusual process that could lead to a bipartisan immigration fix -- or leave Congress with no solution for the hundreds of thousands of immigrants who stand to lose legal protections by March 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., will open the unpredictable path with a Senate vote on unrelated legislation. The goal is for the Senate to vote on immigration proposals and amendments from every corner of the political spectrum. Anything that can get 60 votes will pass, everything else will fall by the wayside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whoever gets to 60 wins,\" McConnell told reporters at a news conference on Feb. 6. He added, \"There's no secret plan here to try to push this in any direction. The Senate is going to work its will, and I hope that we will end up passing something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Cpm1MCCD3Uq5n6SHEFFYIcqy1UHKtwxn\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Congress have been craving such an open debate because it will give senators a chance to put their concepts and proposals to the ultimate legislative test. The plan carries a significant political risk that none of the ideas will have enough votes to pass, leaving Congress unable to fulfill their pledge to protect the roughly 700,000 people enrolled in the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to have something in the Senate that we haven't had in a while,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/immigration/jeff-flake-we-can-get-something-done-immigration-week-n846881\" target=\"_blank\">said Sen. Jeff Flake\u003c/a>, R-Ariz., on NBC's \u003cem>Meet the Press\u003c/em> on Sunday. \"It's a real debate on an issue where we really don't know what the outcome is going to be.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"W2iX2bZbqTNKRNUvDGOEIHGREboAWTSI\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome is particularly uncertain because the Senate debate is just the start of a longer process of passing an immigration package. House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis., has not yet said how the House will proceed beyond promising to vote on an immigration bill, so long as it has the support of President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That promise has Democrats and other critics worried that the House could block whatever the Senate is able to pass. Ryan addressed those critics last week, telling reporters that he plans to hold a vote on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To anyone who doubts my intention to solve this problem and bring up a DACA and immigration reform bill, do not,\" Ryan said. \"We will bring a solution to the floor, one the president will sign.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House has not weighed in on any of the legislative options, but Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/960522569492426753\" target=\"_blank\">has insisted\u003c/a> that any immigration bill also include funding for a wall along U.S. border with Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/960522569492426753\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislative rush comes months of congressional inaction after Trump announced in September that they would stop renewing DACA applications in March. The program was created in 2012 by then-President Barack Obama to provide legal protections to immigrants who are in the country illegally after being brought here as children. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/18/579045806/justice-department-asks-scotus-to-reverse-court-ruling-protecting-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\">is currently caught in a court battle\u003c/a>, but Congress has vowed to act before the deadline — giving them just three weeks to pass a bill. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hazy Senate process is expected to include votes on a wide range of proposals, including a version of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/25/580858256/white-house-releases-draft-immigration-plan\" target=\"_blank\">a framework released in January\u003c/a> by the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That framework set out four pillars that the White House wants to see addressed in any legislation: legal status for DACA recipients, more spending on border security, ending chain migration and eliminating the diversity visa lottery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/05/582802310/chart-how-trumps-immigration-proposal-compares-with-other-plans\" target=\"_blank\">CHART: How Trump's Immigration Proposal Compares With Other Plans\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated at 11:40 a.m. ET\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Senate is set to start debate Monday afternoon on immigration, launching an unusual process that could lead to a bipartisan immigration fix -- or leave Congress with no solution for the hundreds of thousands of immigrants who stand to lose legal protections by March 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., will open the unpredictable path with a Senate vote on unrelated legislation. The goal is for the Senate to vote on immigration proposals and amendments from every corner of the political spectrum. Anything that can get 60 votes will pass, everything else will fall by the wayside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whoever gets to 60 wins,\" McConnell told reporters at a news conference on Feb. 6. He added, \"There's no secret plan here to try to push this in any direction. The Senate is going to work its will, and I hope that we will end up passing something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many in Congress have been craving such an open debate because it will give senators a chance to put their concepts and proposals to the ultimate legislative test. The plan carries a significant political risk that none of the ideas will have enough votes to pass, leaving Congress unable to fulfill their pledge to protect the roughly 700,000 people enrolled in the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program, or DACA. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're going to have something in the Senate that we haven't had in a while,\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/immigration/jeff-flake-we-can-get-something-done-immigration-week-n846881\" target=\"_blank\">said Sen. Jeff Flake\u003c/a>, R-Ariz., on NBC's \u003cem>Meet the Press\u003c/em> on Sunday. \"It's a real debate on an issue where we really don't know what the outcome is going to be.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outcome is particularly uncertain because the Senate debate is just the start of a longer process of passing an immigration package. House Speaker Paul Ryan, R-Wis., has not yet said how the House will proceed beyond promising to vote on an immigration bill, so long as it has the support of President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That promise has Democrats and other critics worried that the House could block whatever the Senate is able to pass. Ryan addressed those critics last week, telling reporters that he plans to hold a vote on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To anyone who doubts my intention to solve this problem and bring up a DACA and immigration reform bill, do not,\" Ryan said. \"We will bring a solution to the floor, one the president will sign.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House has not weighed in on any of the legislative options, but Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/960522569492426753\" target=\"_blank\">has insisted\u003c/a> that any immigration bill also include funding for a wall along U.S. border with Mexico.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The legislative rush comes months of congressional inaction after Trump announced in September that they would stop renewing DACA applications in March. The program was created in 2012 by then-President Barack Obama to provide legal protections to immigrants who are in the country illegally after being brought here as children. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/01/18/579045806/justice-department-asks-scotus-to-reverse-court-ruling-protecting-dreamers\" target=\"_blank\">is currently caught in a court battle\u003c/a>, but Congress has vowed to act before the deadline — giving them just three weeks to pass a bill. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hazy Senate process is expected to include votes on a wide range of proposals, including a version of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/01/25/580858256/white-house-releases-draft-immigration-plan\" target=\"_blank\">a framework released in January\u003c/a> by the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That framework set out four pillars that the White House wants to see addressed in any legislation: legal status for DACA recipients, more spending on border security, ending chain migration and eliminating the diversity visa lottery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/05/582802310/chart-how-trumps-immigration-proposal-compares-with-other-plans\" target=\"_blank\">CHART: How Trump's Immigration Proposal Compares With Other Plans\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Think it’s hard putting together your personal budget? Try doing it for the largest city in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose has put together \u003ca href=\"http://sanjose.abalancingact.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a new website\u003c/a> where residents can try to balance the city’s budget for the upcoming year using a program called \u003ca href=\"http://abalancingact.com/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Balancing Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the website, residents can see the city’s revenue streams (such as property and sales taxes) alongside what the city spends on things like public safety, parks and housing. They then have to try to decide what spending they would eliminate to balance the budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649458\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649458\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-800x424.jpg\" alt=\"Residents using the Balancing Act website must decide what spending to cut in order to balance the budget.\" width=\"800\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-800x424.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-160x85.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-1020x541.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-1180x626.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-960x509.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-240x127.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-375x199.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-520x276.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut.jpg 1279w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Residents using the Balancing Act website must decide what spending to cut in order to balance the budget. \u003ccite>(Balancing Act)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mayor Sam Liccardo said one of the issues the city faces when it comes to balancing the budget is that more residents live in the city than work there, reducing the taxes the city can bring in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re challenged here in San Jose because as a city with the worst jobs-to-housing balance of any major city in the country, we know we need more jobs in order to provide services,” Liccardo said at a community event on Saturday. “On the other hand, there a lot of folks who are pretty fed up with growth, and we understand why they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo will lay out his priorities for the city’s 2018-19 city budget in mid-March, but before then he’s using this website to see where residents would like the city to focus its spending. Around 40 San Jose residents listened to Liccardo as he walked them through last year’s budget, explained the breakdown of city funds, and discussed some of the budget constraints at the Mayfair Community Center over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649454\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649454\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo directs residents to a new website where they can tell the city how they would build a city budget.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo directs residents to a new website where they can tell the city how they would build a city budget. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After his presentation, residents were on their own to craft their San Jose budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned about police funding. I know San Jose has had trouble with the police funding,” said South San Jose’s Kevin Kelleher. So he chose to give more money to police by cutting money for transportation, but he still ended up with a deficit of $3 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo says allowing residents to try to balance the budget themselves helps them understand the intricacies of running a city with restricted funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re required to make trade-offs, as we do in life in our own personal budgets,” he said. “It’s important for us to really get a clear picture of priorities within that constrained budget rather than a wish list.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they’re done crafting their own San Jose budget online, residents can submit their proposals, giving Liccardo and his staff a picture of what the public would like to see done with city funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s helpful to enable us to understand whether what we think the community wants is really what the community wants,” Liccardo said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Think it’s hard putting together your personal budget? Try doing it for the largest city in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose has put together \u003ca href=\"http://sanjose.abalancingact.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a new website\u003c/a> where residents can try to balance the city’s budget for the upcoming year using a program called \u003ca href=\"http://abalancingact.com/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Balancing Act\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the website, residents can see the city’s revenue streams (such as property and sales taxes) alongside what the city spends on things like public safety, parks and housing. They then have to try to decide what spending they would eliminate to balance the budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649458\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649458\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-800x424.jpg\" alt=\"Residents using the Balancing Act website must decide what spending to cut in order to balance the budget.\" width=\"800\" height=\"424\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-800x424.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-160x85.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-1020x541.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-1180x626.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-960x509.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-240x127.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-375x199.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut-520x276.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29377_SJ-Budget-qut.jpg 1279w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Residents using the Balancing Act website must decide what spending to cut in order to balance the budget. \u003ccite>(Balancing Act)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mayor Sam Liccardo said one of the issues the city faces when it comes to balancing the budget is that more residents live in the city than work there, reducing the taxes the city can bring in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re challenged here in San Jose because as a city with the worst jobs-to-housing balance of any major city in the country, we know we need more jobs in order to provide services,” Liccardo said at a community event on Saturday. “On the other hand, there a lot of folks who are pretty fed up with growth, and we understand why they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo will lay out his priorities for the city’s 2018-19 city budget in mid-March, but before then he’s using this website to see where residents would like the city to focus its spending. Around 40 San Jose residents listened to Liccardo as he walked them through last year’s budget, explained the breakdown of city funds, and discussed some of the budget constraints at the Mayfair Community Center over the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649454\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649454\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo directs residents to a new website where they can tell the city how they would build a city budget.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo directs residents to a new website where they can tell the city how they would build a city budget. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After his presentation, residents were on their own to craft their San Jose budget.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m concerned about police funding. I know San Jose has had trouble with the police funding,” said South San Jose’s Kevin Kelleher. So he chose to give more money to police by cutting money for transportation, but he still ended up with a deficit of $3 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo says allowing residents to try to balance the budget themselves helps them understand the intricacies of running a city with restricted funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re required to make trade-offs, as we do in life in our own personal budgets,” he said. “It’s important for us to really get a clear picture of priorities within that constrained budget rather than a wish list.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they’re done crafting their own San Jose budget online, residents can submit their proposals, giving Liccardo and his staff a picture of what the public would like to see done with city funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s helpful to enable us to understand whether what we think the community wants is really what the community wants,” Liccardo said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Plan for 'Gleaming' Infrastructure Throws Financial Burden to States, Cities",
"title": "Trump Plan for 'Gleaming' Infrastructure Throws Financial Burden to States, Cities",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The White House on Monday unveiled President Trump's long-awaited plan to invest U.S. infrastructure -- the highways, bridges, railroads, ports, transit, water systems and communications networks that are both key to the nation's economy and victims of chronic underfunding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Trump put it in his State of the Union address last month: \"We will build gleaming new roads, bridges, highways, railways, and waterways all across our land. And we will do it with American heart, and American hands, and American grit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two key elements of the proposal -- the White House released \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/INFRASTRUCTURE-211.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this 55-page summary\u003c/a> Monday morning and the president met with governors, mayors and other local officials to discuss it -- involve: a) a dramatic shift of financial responsibility from Washington to states and local jurisdictions, a reversal of federal policy since World War II, and b) guaranteeing project approvals in two years by truncating environmental review processes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/11/584940681/trump-to-unveil-long-awaited-1-5-trillion-infrastructure-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summarizes the shift\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Funding for federal-aid highways, including interstates, is usually allocated in an 80-20 federal-state split. This program would flip that funding burden. Major mass transit projects are often funded on a 50-50 federal-local basis. Again, this plan puts a much greater burden on local taxpayers and users.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The administration plan would offer $200 billion in funding that, through private investment and the use of matching funds from states and local agencies, would stimulate $1.5 trillion in infrastructure spending over the next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan includes: $100 billion to state and local agencies for projects ranging from passenger rail to Superfund cleanup projects: $50 billion for rural infrastructure -- projects to \"facilitate freight movement, improve access to reliable and affordable transportation options and enhance health and safety for residents and businesses\"; $20 billion for \"transformative projects\" -- \"ambitious, exploratory, and ground-breaking project ideas that have significantly more risk than standard infrastructure projects, but offer a much larger reward profile\"; and $30 billion for a variety of existing infrastructure financing programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How might state and local funding work? As it happens, the White House has signaled it likes recent initiatives by California voters to step up and pay their own way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-pol-trump-california-infrastructure-20180211-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Los Angeles Times notes\u003c/a>, an unnamed administration official pointed to Los Angeles County's \u003ca href=\"http://theplan.metro.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure M\u003c/a>, a 2016 sales-tax increase, as a model:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>A senior administration official, speaking in advance of Monday's release of the White House's \"infrastructure principles,\" singled out for praise a Los Angeles County sales-tax increase that was a top initiative of Mayor Eric Garcetti. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... \"When we're thinking of revenues at the state and local level ... a good case study would be Measure M in Los Angeles,\" the administration official said, noting approvingly that the ballot-approved tax increase is \"the ultimate sustainable source of revenue for projects.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Measure M, which passed with a 71 percent \"yes\" vote, imposed a half-cent sales-tax increase that will raise an estimated $120 billion for transit projects over the next 40 years. Among many other projects, the tax is funding L.A. Metro's Purple Line extension to Westwood, a light-rail extension to Los Angeles International Airport and bridge retrofits throughout the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area voters have passed a long series of smaller tax, bond and toll increase measures to fund highway, bridge and transit infrastructure, including last year's Measure RR, a parcel tax that provides $3.5 billion in bond funding for BART.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, voters in the region's nine counties will be asked to raise tolls on state-owned bridges to raise $4.5 billion for road and transit projects. And Bay Area business groups and transportation advocates are working on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/18/you-say-you-want-a-new-bridge-or-2nd-bart-tube-heres-how-you-might-pay-for-it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a much bigger tax measure\u003c/a>, which could appear on the ballot as early as 2020, to raise as much as $100 billion for big-ticket projects such as building a new BART/rail crossing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other major thrust of the White House plan -- to ensure projects move through environmental and other regulatory reviews in a maximum of 24 months -- promises to spark a renewed fight between those who advocate strong habitat and species protections and pro-development, pro-business forces. Via \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/11/us/politics/trumps-infrastructure-plan-modest-federal-incentives-facing-long-odds.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the New York Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"... Progressive groups and public interest organizations rushed to condemn the plan on Sunday, arguing that Mr. Trump was trying to gut environmental rules under the guise of an infrastructure initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Trump’s infrastructure proposal is a disaster,” Shelley Poticha, the managing director of the Healthy People & Thriving Communities Program at the Natural Resources Defense Council, said in a statement. “It fails to offer the investment needed to bring our country into the 21st century. Even worse, his plan includes an unacceptable corporate giveaway by truncating environmental reviews.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups, however, broadly praised the president’s forthcoming proposal, saying it represents a long overdue investment that would provide a boost to American companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In calling for a substantial, $1.5 trillion investment, President Trump is providing the leadership we have desperately needed to reclaim our rightful place as global leader on true 21st-century infrastructure,” said Jay Timmons, the president and chief executive of the National Association of Manufacturers. “There is no excuse for inaction, and manufacturers are committed to ensuring that America seizes this opportunity.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One last note, via NPR: The plan unveiled Monday fails to suggest a solution for one of the nation's most critical infrastructure funding issues:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The president's plan does not address a huge yearly shortfall in the federal Highway Trust Fund, which is funded by the federal gasoline tax. That tax of 18.4 cents a gallon for unleaded, 24.4 cents a gallon for diesel, hasn't been raised in 25 years and because of improvements in fuel efficiency and inflation, it raises less money now than it did when last raised in 1993. So Congress is already using deficit spending to pay for some transportation infrastructure needs funded by existing programs.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The White House on Monday unveiled President Trump's long-awaited plan to invest U.S. infrastructure -- the highways, bridges, railroads, ports, transit, water systems and communications networks that are both key to the nation's economy and victims of chronic underfunding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Trump put it in his State of the Union address last month: \"We will build gleaming new roads, bridges, highways, railways, and waterways all across our land. And we will do it with American heart, and American hands, and American grit.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two key elements of the proposal -- the White House released \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/INFRASTRUCTURE-211.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">this 55-page summary\u003c/a> Monday morning and the president met with governors, mayors and other local officials to discuss it -- involve: a) a dramatic shift of financial responsibility from Washington to states and local jurisdictions, a reversal of federal policy since World War II, and b) guaranteeing project approvals in two years by truncating environmental review processes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/11/584940681/trump-to-unveil-long-awaited-1-5-trillion-infrastructure-plan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summarizes the shift\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Funding for federal-aid highways, including interstates, is usually allocated in an 80-20 federal-state split. This program would flip that funding burden. Major mass transit projects are often funded on a 50-50 federal-local basis. Again, this plan puts a much greater burden on local taxpayers and users.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The administration plan would offer $200 billion in funding that, through private investment and the use of matching funds from states and local agencies, would stimulate $1.5 trillion in infrastructure spending over the next decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan includes: $100 billion to state and local agencies for projects ranging from passenger rail to Superfund cleanup projects: $50 billion for rural infrastructure -- projects to \"facilitate freight movement, improve access to reliable and affordable transportation options and enhance health and safety for residents and businesses\"; $20 billion for \"transformative projects\" -- \"ambitious, exploratory, and ground-breaking project ideas that have significantly more risk than standard infrastructure projects, but offer a much larger reward profile\"; and $30 billion for a variety of existing infrastructure financing programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How might state and local funding work? As it happens, the White House has signaled it likes recent initiatives by California voters to step up and pay their own way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-pol-trump-california-infrastructure-20180211-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Los Angeles Times notes\u003c/a>, an unnamed administration official pointed to Los Angeles County's \u003ca href=\"http://theplan.metro.net/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure M\u003c/a>, a 2016 sales-tax increase, as a model:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>A senior administration official, speaking in advance of Monday's release of the White House's \"infrastructure principles,\" singled out for praise a Los Angeles County sales-tax increase that was a top initiative of Mayor Eric Garcetti. ...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>... \"When we're thinking of revenues at the state and local level ... a good case study would be Measure M in Los Angeles,\" the administration official said, noting approvingly that the ballot-approved tax increase is \"the ultimate sustainable source of revenue for projects.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Measure M, which passed with a 71 percent \"yes\" vote, imposed a half-cent sales-tax increase that will raise an estimated $120 billion for transit projects over the next 40 years. Among many other projects, the tax is funding L.A. Metro's Purple Line extension to Westwood, a light-rail extension to Los Angeles International Airport and bridge retrofits throughout the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area voters have passed a long series of smaller tax, bond and toll increase measures to fund highway, bridge and transit infrastructure, including last year's Measure RR, a parcel tax that provides $3.5 billion in bond funding for BART.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, voters in the region's nine counties will be asked to raise tolls on state-owned bridges to raise $4.5 billion for road and transit projects. And Bay Area business groups and transportation advocates are working on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/18/you-say-you-want-a-new-bridge-or-2nd-bart-tube-heres-how-you-might-pay-for-it/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a much bigger tax measure\u003c/a>, which could appear on the ballot as early as 2020, to raise as much as $100 billion for big-ticket projects such as building a new BART/rail crossing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other major thrust of the White House plan -- to ensure projects move through environmental and other regulatory reviews in a maximum of 24 months -- promises to spark a renewed fight between those who advocate strong habitat and species protections and pro-development, pro-business forces. Via \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/11/us/politics/trumps-infrastructure-plan-modest-federal-incentives-facing-long-odds.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the New York Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"... Progressive groups and public interest organizations rushed to condemn the plan on Sunday, arguing that Mr. Trump was trying to gut environmental rules under the guise of an infrastructure initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“President Trump’s infrastructure proposal is a disaster,” Shelley Poticha, the managing director of the Healthy People & Thriving Communities Program at the Natural Resources Defense Council, said in a statement. “It fails to offer the investment needed to bring our country into the 21st century. Even worse, his plan includes an unacceptable corporate giveaway by truncating environmental reviews.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Business groups, however, broadly praised the president’s forthcoming proposal, saying it represents a long overdue investment that would provide a boost to American companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In calling for a substantial, $1.5 trillion investment, President Trump is providing the leadership we have desperately needed to reclaim our rightful place as global leader on true 21st-century infrastructure,” said Jay Timmons, the president and chief executive of the National Association of Manufacturers. “There is no excuse for inaction, and manufacturers are committed to ensuring that America seizes this opportunity.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One last note, via NPR: The plan unveiled Monday fails to suggest a solution for one of the nation's most critical infrastructure funding issues:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>The president's plan does not address a huge yearly shortfall in the federal Highway Trust Fund, which is funded by the federal gasoline tax. That tax of 18.4 cents a gallon for unleaded, 24.4 cents a gallon for diesel, hasn't been raised in 25 years and because of improvements in fuel efficiency and inflation, it raises less money now than it did when last raised in 1993. So Congress is already using deficit spending to pay for some transportation infrastructure needs funded by existing programs.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Richmond Fire Released Range of Toxic Chemicals Into Air, Reports Show",
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"content": "\u003cp>Newly obtained reports show that elevated levels of several industrial chemicals were found in air samples taken at the site of a smoky fire at a scrap-metal yard in Richmond late last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days after the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/31/smoke-from-scrap-metal-yard-fire-in-richmond-may-have-violated-local-air-standards/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blaze\u003c/a>, Contra Costa County health officials disclosed that high levels of benzene, a chemical known to cause cancer, were recorded near the site of the Jan. 30 fire at Sims Metal Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But reports from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District show several other toxic pollutants, including at least one other human carcinogen, were also detected during the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the air district's lab analysis, significant concentrations of butadiene, acrylonitrile, acetone and toluene were also found at the Sims facility within the first 90 minutes after the fire was reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whenever this happens, lots of bad stuff gets emitted,\" said Qi Zhang, a UC Davis professor of environmental toxicology who reviewed the air district's data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a big concern,\" Zhang said, adding that the report gives only a small snapshot of what was in the air that night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a town hall meeting in Richmond last Wednesday, several residents indicated that the smoke made them sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We could smell it in our house,\" said Bruce Kaplan, a Point Richmond resident. \"It irritated my eyes. It's not good to put noxious stuff in the air.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Sims representative said the 20-foot pile that burned for about 11 hours was made up of refrigerators, stoves, dishwashers and office furniture, among other items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sims officials said they do not know what chemicals were in the air the night of fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air agency's lab reports, which analyzed smoke captured within the first two hours of the fire, found \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/benzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">benzene\u003c/a> levels that peaked at 318 parts per billion. Short-term exposure to the chemical, which is used in paints and gasoline, can cause eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation and, at high levels, unconsciousness -- and, longer term, central nervous system and bone marrow damage, according to the National Institutes of Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab data showed 111 parts per billion of \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1_3-butadiene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">butadiene\u003c/a>, an industrial chemical used in making synthetic rubber. Butadiene is also a known carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhang said \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-08/documents/13-butadiene.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EPA data\u003c/a> indicate that the acute or short-term toxicity of butadiene is low. The EPA's hazard summary for the substance says short-term exposure can cause irritation of the eyes, nasal passages, throat and lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district reports also showed peak levels of 81 parts per billion of \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/acrylonitrile#section=Top\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acrylonitrile, \u003c/a> a highly toxic compound used in manufacturing plastics, adhesives and synthetic rubber that is \"reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen,\" according to the NIH.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/acrylonitrile.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EPA research\u003c/a> has found the acute toxicity of acrylonitrile -- which can cause mucous membrane irritation, headaches, dizziness and nausea with short-term exposure -- is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cancer risks associated with inhaling butadiene and acrylonitrile are higher than benzene, according to Zhang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data also show elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/acetone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acetone\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/toluene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">toluene\u003c/a>, solvents that are not known carcinogens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A county health department press statement released three days after the Jan. 30 fire noted that the air district and a county hazardous materials response team also measured high particulate readings throughout the night of the fire. The press release notes that smoke particulates can irritate the throat, lungs and eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High benzene and particulate readings came from an air monitor in Point Richmond, the county health department release said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were no other elevated readings of any other chemicals that were analyzed or particulates on any of the other monitors,\" the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district's tests included five samples that measured the presence of 22 chemicals, most in low concentrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County health officials, when asked why they didn't include a mention of the other compounds detected by the air district, defended their communication with the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The announcement we prepared focused on the levels of benzene because the levels of the other 21 chemicals were either not detected or detected below a level of concern for short-term exposure,\" said Marilyn Underwood, the county's environmental health director, in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The level of benzene detected in three samples collected near the fire and from one community monitor were above a health comparison value developed by the state for short-term (1 hour) exposure,\" Underwood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwood stressed that the department is uncertain about the long-term risks for those exposed to benzene or other chemicals the night of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the air district issued two notices of violation against Sims, one for public nuisance and another for illegal open burning. The agency's investigation is ongoing and any settlement associated with the violations is likely years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause of the fire is under investigation by the Richmond Fire Department.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Newly obtained reports show that elevated levels of several industrial chemicals were found in air samples taken at the site of a smoky fire at a scrap-metal yard in Richmond late last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days after the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/31/smoke-from-scrap-metal-yard-fire-in-richmond-may-have-violated-local-air-standards/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">blaze\u003c/a>, Contra Costa County health officials disclosed that high levels of benzene, a chemical known to cause cancer, were recorded near the site of the Jan. 30 fire at Sims Metal Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But reports from the Bay Area Air Quality Management District show several other toxic pollutants, including at least one other human carcinogen, were also detected during the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the air district's lab analysis, significant concentrations of butadiene, acrylonitrile, acetone and toluene were also found at the Sims facility within the first 90 minutes after the fire was reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Whenever this happens, lots of bad stuff gets emitted,\" said Qi Zhang, a UC Davis professor of environmental toxicology who reviewed the air district's data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a big concern,\" Zhang said, adding that the report gives only a small snapshot of what was in the air that night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a town hall meeting in Richmond last Wednesday, several residents indicated that the smoke made them sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We could smell it in our house,\" said Bruce Kaplan, a Point Richmond resident. \"It irritated my eyes. It's not good to put noxious stuff in the air.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Sims representative said the 20-foot pile that burned for about 11 hours was made up of refrigerators, stoves, dishwashers and office furniture, among other items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sims officials said they do not know what chemicals were in the air the night of fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air agency's lab reports, which analyzed smoke captured within the first two hours of the fire, found \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/benzene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">benzene\u003c/a> levels that peaked at 318 parts per billion. Short-term exposure to the chemical, which is used in paints and gasoline, can cause eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation and, at high levels, unconsciousness -- and, longer term, central nervous system and bone marrow damage, according to the National Institutes of Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lab data showed 111 parts per billion of \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1_3-butadiene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">butadiene\u003c/a>, an industrial chemical used in making synthetic rubber. Butadiene is also a known carcinogen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhang said \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-08/documents/13-butadiene.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EPA data\u003c/a> indicate that the acute or short-term toxicity of butadiene is low. The EPA's hazard summary for the substance says short-term exposure can cause irritation of the eyes, nasal passages, throat and lungs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district reports also showed peak levels of 81 parts per billion of \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/acrylonitrile#section=Top\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acrylonitrile, \u003c/a> a highly toxic compound used in manufacturing plastics, adhesives and synthetic rubber that is \"reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen,\" according to the NIH.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/acrylonitrile.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">EPA research\u003c/a> has found the acute toxicity of acrylonitrile -- which can cause mucous membrane irritation, headaches, dizziness and nausea with short-term exposure -- is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cancer risks associated with inhaling butadiene and acrylonitrile are higher than benzene, according to Zhang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data also show elevated levels of \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/acetone\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acetone\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/toluene\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">toluene\u003c/a>, solvents that are not known carcinogens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A county health department press statement released three days after the Jan. 30 fire noted that the air district and a county hazardous materials response team also measured high particulate readings throughout the night of the fire. The press release notes that smoke particulates can irritate the throat, lungs and eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High benzene and particulate readings came from an air monitor in Point Richmond, the county health department release said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There were no other elevated readings of any other chemicals that were analyzed or particulates on any of the other monitors,\" the department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The air district's tests included five samples that measured the presence of 22 chemicals, most in low concentrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County health officials, when asked why they didn't include a mention of the other compounds detected by the air district, defended their communication with the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The announcement we prepared focused on the levels of benzene because the levels of the other 21 chemicals were either not detected or detected below a level of concern for short-term exposure,\" said Marilyn Underwood, the county's environmental health director, in an emailed statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The level of benzene detected in three samples collected near the fire and from one community monitor were above a health comparison value developed by the state for short-term (1 hour) exposure,\" Underwood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Underwood stressed that the department is uncertain about the long-term risks for those exposed to benzene or other chemicals the night of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, the air district issued two notices of violation against Sims, one for public nuisance and another for illegal open burning. The agency's investigation is ongoing and any settlement associated with the violations is likely years away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause of the fire is under investigation by the Richmond Fire Department.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>From cannabis cake decorations to custom joint tins, discerning brides and grooms can now infuse their weddings with pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cannabisweddingexpo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2nd Annual Cannabis Wedding Expo\u003c/a> took place in San Francisco Sunday, bringing together industry professionals and potential clients. Now that recreational pot sales \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/21/everything-you-want-to-know-about-legal-weed-in-california-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">are legal\u003c/a> in much of California, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/06/legal-adult-use-pot-sales-finally-begin-in-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">including San Francisco\u003c/a>, the variety of products on the market has expanded. [contextly_sidebar id=\"zhe63cFCH3JXbRVdDb9AjMxa1GOOQ2rT\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With rolling trays, banners and snacks, there are a lot of options for people looking to take a new spin on wedding traditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were a lot of party favors I’m interested in,” said Nicole Becker, who is planning her August wedding. \"There are a lot of cute tins with writing on it that you can put pre-rolls in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commercial legalization is barely a month old in California, but vendors say it's already having an impact on the wedding planning industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m definitely getting a lot of interest since legalization,\" said Grace Kajimura, an event planner who has experience setting up edibles bar. She says she's already booked two weddings this year with cannabis elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arabella McCreary owns and operates Pink Turtle Shoppe in Tracy. She says she's seen an increase in wedding orders for cookies and ice cream sandwiches infused with cannabidiol (CBD) and THC in the last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There has been a lot of interest and a lot of inquiries in the past month of people who are really interested in having it because it’s a little more open and accepted,\" McCreary said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649382\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-10-e1518383739243.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649382\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-10-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Cannabis Wedding Expo took place San Francisco Sunday, highlighting the multitude of customizable options now on the market. Arabella McCreary of Pink Turtle Shoppe says she’s seen an increase in cannabidiol, or CBD, infused cookies and ice cream sandwich orders for weddings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Cannabis Wedding Expo took place San Francisco Sunday, highlighting the multitude of customizable options now on the market. Arabella McCreary of Pink Turtle Shoppe says she’s seen an increase in cannabidiol, or CBD, infused cookies and ice cream sandwich orders for weddings. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649383\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649383\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Antique vases are repurposed into bongs, making a unique centerpiece for tables. Jamie McCormick, with My Bud Vase, says there has been a spike in sales. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Antique vases are repurposed into bongs, making a unique centerpiece for tables. Jamie McCormick, with My Bud Vase, says there has been a spike in sales. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649384\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649384\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Traditional decorations, like banners, get a new twist at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Traditional decorations, like banners, get a new twist at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649390\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Creative takes on incorporating marijuana into the big day weren't limited to edibles and paraphernalia. Cannabis bud wedding cake decorations were on display.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Creative takes on incorporating marijuana into the big day weren't limited to edibles and paraphernalia. Cannabis bud wedding cake decorations were on display. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649385\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A sample cannabis-themed table setting at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. From edibles to the plates people will eat off of, vendors offered a myriad array of products. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sample cannabis-themed table setting at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. From edibles to the plates people will eat off of, vendors offered myriad products for a pot-themed wedding. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>From cannabis cake decorations to custom joint tins, discerning brides and grooms can now infuse their weddings with pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cannabisweddingexpo.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2nd Annual Cannabis Wedding Expo\u003c/a> took place in San Francisco Sunday, bringing together industry professionals and potential clients. Now that recreational pot sales \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/12/21/everything-you-want-to-know-about-legal-weed-in-california-2/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">are legal\u003c/a> in much of California, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/06/legal-adult-use-pot-sales-finally-begin-in-san-francisco/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">including San Francisco\u003c/a>, the variety of products on the market has expanded. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With rolling trays, banners and snacks, there are a lot of options for people looking to take a new spin on wedding traditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were a lot of party favors I’m interested in,” said Nicole Becker, who is planning her August wedding. \"There are a lot of cute tins with writing on it that you can put pre-rolls in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commercial legalization is barely a month old in California, but vendors say it's already having an impact on the wedding planning industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m definitely getting a lot of interest since legalization,\" said Grace Kajimura, an event planner who has experience setting up edibles bar. She says she's already booked two weddings this year with cannabis elements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arabella McCreary owns and operates Pink Turtle Shoppe in Tracy. She says she's seen an increase in wedding orders for cookies and ice cream sandwiches infused with cannabidiol (CBD) and THC in the last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There has been a lot of interest and a lot of inquiries in the past month of people who are really interested in having it because it’s a little more open and accepted,\" McCreary said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649382\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-10-e1518383739243.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649382\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-10-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Cannabis Wedding Expo took place San Francisco Sunday, highlighting the multitude of customizable options now on the market. Arabella McCreary of Pink Turtle Shoppe says she’s seen an increase in cannabidiol, or CBD, infused cookies and ice cream sandwich orders for weddings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Cannabis Wedding Expo took place San Francisco Sunday, highlighting the multitude of customizable options now on the market. Arabella McCreary of Pink Turtle Shoppe says she’s seen an increase in cannabidiol, or CBD, infused cookies and ice cream sandwich orders for weddings. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649383\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649383\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Antique vases are repurposed into bongs, making a unique centerpiece for tables. Jamie McCormick, with My Bud Vase, says there has been a spike in sales. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-9-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Antique vases are repurposed into bongs, making a unique centerpiece for tables. Jamie McCormick, with My Bud Vase, says there has been a spike in sales. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649384\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649384\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Traditional decorations, like banners, get a new twist at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-8-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Traditional decorations, like banners, get a new twist at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649390\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649390\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Creative takes on incorporating marijuana into the big day weren't limited to edibles and paraphernalia. Cannabis bud wedding cake decorations were on display.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-1920x2560.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-240x320.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-375x500.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-15-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Creative takes on incorporating marijuana into the big day weren't limited to edibles and paraphernalia. Cannabis bud wedding cake decorations were on display. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649385\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649385\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A sample cannabis-themed table setting at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. From edibles to the plates people will eat off of, vendors offered a myriad array of products. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-7-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sample cannabis-themed table setting at the Cannabis Wedding Expo. From edibles to the plates people will eat off of, vendors offered myriad products for a pot-themed wedding. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "George Saunders on the 'Shock' of Writing About Trump After Lincoln",
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"content": "\u003cp>George Saunders is an award-winning writer of short stories, essays, novels and children's books. His latest work is the 2017 Man Booker award-winning novel, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Lincoln-Bardo-Novel-George-Saunders/dp/0812995341\">Lincoln in the Bardo\u003c/a>,\" which is set in a graveyard at the outset of the Civil War. The novel, Saunders' first, centers on Abraham Lincoln as he grieves for his son Willie, who died of typhoid when he was 11 years old.[contextly_sidebar id=\"9Sjw5vDP8hnquF2OW93sEKZmrddczARM\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.penguinrandomhouseaudio.com/lincolninthebardo\">audio book\u003c/a> for \"Lincoln in the Bardo\" features an ensemble cast of more than 150 people, including Nick Offerman, Julianne Moore, Keegan-Michael Key and Saunders himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>When you're writing, are you imaging how the voices will sound when you hear them?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah that's exactly how it is. In the back of my throat I can, you know, hear them. And I think that comes from when I was a kid in Chicago. That was one way you could get some credibility if you weren't an athlete, which I wasn't, or if you weren't so popular, which I wasn't. If you can imitate a teacher -- or, the high watermark was if you could just invent a totally new guy, you know like, \"Dan from the River\" or something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was just for fun and for some status, and then many years later, after many years of me trying to be more of a literary writer, it clicked that that was actually how I could do it. You know, I could just literally just settle into that mode of trying to invent a voice, and then write along the way. So -- very much voice driven, for sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How would you describe what the \"Bardo\" in \"Lincoln In The Bardo\" is?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bardo to the Tibetans is just transitional space. So this is a zone between the moment you die and the moment whatever happens next. In the book, one of the sort of salient features is that you in that zone is you times a thousand what you are right now. So whatever your thoughts and your habits and your prejudices and your fears are, those things get supersized and you have to deal with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What would be you a thousand times right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably too much ambition and not enough love. That's what I struggle with, because I've always wanted to be a writer, I love it, and it's become a lot of fun, and yet it blocks out a lot of other things. So I'd probably have a giant pen that I had to carry around all day and all night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>During the 2016 election, you \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/07/11/george-saunders-goes-to-trump-rallies\">covered some of then-candidate Trump's rallies\u003c/a>. One of them was near here in San Jose. What's it like going from writing about Lincoln to writing about Trump?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well it was kind of a shock. I found out that your mind on novel is really expansive and generous, and you kind of love all the characters, and your job is to get in there and basically give them a voice, you know, very generously. And then to segue into that Trump campaign and the necessary immersion in social media and TV and cable and all of that -- I just felt a kind of sudden aggressive, agitated energy. I mean, I'm a liberal left of Gandhi. I just want to be right and prove to those dummies that I was right. And it's not a pleasant state. I much prefer the novelistic one. So it was a shock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trajectory of that piece was, I first was in Arizona and I saw some Trump people beating up protesters. That was right in line with my natural allegiance. Then, the San Jose rally was really pivotal because I saw the opposite. I saw, for example, this one 70-year-old woman get slapped on her knees by an anti-Trump person. So that kind of rounded out the picture for me. It made me realize that there was an energy that Trump was releasing that was infecting everybody. And that's been kind of my way of seeing it since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When you're not writing about dead and living presidents, you live near here in Santa Cruz, at least part of the year. What do you like to do around there on weekends?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we do it real simple. We have two dogs, so we take them down to the ocean and let them swim. My wife and I are both writers, and we're finding out that we're both workaholics, so we really like to work. And our kids are grown now, so we have a lot of time. So, you know, we'll indulge by going up to Carmel or something. But mostly we're in our pajamas, passing in the hallway, going, \"How's it going?\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>George Saunders is an award-winning writer of short stories, essays, novels and children's books. His latest work is the 2017 Man Booker award-winning novel, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Lincoln-Bardo-Novel-George-Saunders/dp/0812995341\">Lincoln in the Bardo\u003c/a>,\" which is set in a graveyard at the outset of the Civil War. The novel, Saunders' first, centers on Abraham Lincoln as he grieves for his son Willie, who died of typhoid when he was 11 years old.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.penguinrandomhouseaudio.com/lincolninthebardo\">audio book\u003c/a> for \"Lincoln in the Bardo\" features an ensemble cast of more than 150 people, including Nick Offerman, Julianne Moore, Keegan-Michael Key and Saunders himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>When you're writing, are you imaging how the voices will sound when you hear them?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yeah that's exactly how it is. In the back of my throat I can, you know, hear them. And I think that comes from when I was a kid in Chicago. That was one way you could get some credibility if you weren't an athlete, which I wasn't, or if you weren't so popular, which I wasn't. If you can imitate a teacher -- or, the high watermark was if you could just invent a totally new guy, you know like, \"Dan from the River\" or something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So it was just for fun and for some status, and then many years later, after many years of me trying to be more of a literary writer, it clicked that that was actually how I could do it. You know, I could just literally just settle into that mode of trying to invent a voice, and then write along the way. So -- very much voice driven, for sure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How would you describe what the \"Bardo\" in \"Lincoln In The Bardo\" is?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bardo to the Tibetans is just transitional space. So this is a zone between the moment you die and the moment whatever happens next. In the book, one of the sort of salient features is that you in that zone is you times a thousand what you are right now. So whatever your thoughts and your habits and your prejudices and your fears are, those things get supersized and you have to deal with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What would be you a thousand times right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably too much ambition and not enough love. That's what I struggle with, because I've always wanted to be a writer, I love it, and it's become a lot of fun, and yet it blocks out a lot of other things. So I'd probably have a giant pen that I had to carry around all day and all night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>During the 2016 election, you \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/07/11/george-saunders-goes-to-trump-rallies\">covered some of then-candidate Trump's rallies\u003c/a>. One of them was near here in San Jose. What's it like going from writing about Lincoln to writing about Trump?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well it was kind of a shock. I found out that your mind on novel is really expansive and generous, and you kind of love all the characters, and your job is to get in there and basically give them a voice, you know, very generously. And then to segue into that Trump campaign and the necessary immersion in social media and TV and cable and all of that -- I just felt a kind of sudden aggressive, agitated energy. I mean, I'm a liberal left of Gandhi. I just want to be right and prove to those dummies that I was right. And it's not a pleasant state. I much prefer the novelistic one. So it was a shock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trajectory of that piece was, I first was in Arizona and I saw some Trump people beating up protesters. That was right in line with my natural allegiance. Then, the San Jose rally was really pivotal because I saw the opposite. I saw, for example, this one 70-year-old woman get slapped on her knees by an anti-Trump person. So that kind of rounded out the picture for me. It made me realize that there was an energy that Trump was releasing that was infecting everybody. And that's been kind of my way of seeing it since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When you're not writing about dead and living presidents, you live near here in Santa Cruz, at least part of the year. What do you like to do around there on weekends?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, we do it real simple. We have two dogs, so we take them down to the ocean and let them swim. My wife and I are both writers, and we're finding out that we're both workaholics, so we really like to work. And our kids are grown now, so we have a lot of time. So, you know, we'll indulge by going up to Carmel or something. But mostly we're in our pajamas, passing in the hallway, going, \"How's it going?\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "PHOTOS: S.F. Chinatown Prepares for the Year of the Dog",
"title": "PHOTOS: S.F. Chinatown Prepares for the Year of the Dog",
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"content": "\u003cp>Red and gold decorations covered stall-lined streets as preparations for the Year of the Dog began this weekend. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese New Year isn't until \u003ca href=\"http://www.chineseparade.com\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Feb. 16\u003c/a>, but the festivities in San Francisco's Chinatown have already started. Saturday kicked off the start of the Flower Market Fair with a procession and performances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The market gives people a chance to buy flowers, fruit and more to decorate their homes ahead of Chinese New Year. Performances by acrobats, folk dancers and musicians will take place throughout the month, with a parade taking place Feb. 24. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local restaurants are also \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2018/02/07/eight-eateries-to-celebrate-the-lunar-new-year-in-san-francisco/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">serving up special menus\u003c/a> this month. There are a number of other Chinese New Year events \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/04/bay-area-2018-lunar-new-year-festivals-and-events/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">planned around the Bay Area\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649351\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Hundreds of people flocked to the Flower Market Fair's last day to pick up supplies for Chinese New Year celebrations. Festivities began in San Francisco's Chinatown this weekend and will run until March 4, 2018. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649351\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of people flocked to the Flower Market Fair's last day to pick up supplies for Chinese New Year celebrations. Festivities began in San Francisco's Chinatown this weekend and will run until March 4, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649339\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Merchandise featured motifs for the Lunar New Year of the Dog. Stalls selling decorations, plants and more lined a red and gold bedecked street in Chinatown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649339\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Merchandise featured motifs for the Lunar New Year of the Dog. Stalls selling decorations, plants and more lined a red and gold bedecked street in Chinatown. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mascots for the festival walked today's fair. The costumes can be seen in action again at the Chinese New Year's Parade on February 24th. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649350\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mascots for the festival walked around the fair. The costumes can be seen in action again at the Chinese New Year's Parade on Feb. 24. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649353\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The main attraction at today's fair were the flowers. Plants symbolize growth and are an important part of decorating homes during Chinese New Year. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649353\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The main attraction at today's fair were the flowers. Plants symbolize growth and are an important part of decorating homes during Chinese New Year. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Chinese New Year isn't until Feb. 16, but the festivities in San Francisco's Chinatown have already started.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Red and gold decorations covered stall-lined streets as preparations for the Year of the Dog began this weekend. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chinese New Year isn't until \u003ca href=\"http://www.chineseparade.com\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Feb. 16\u003c/a>, but the festivities in San Francisco's Chinatown have already started. Saturday kicked off the start of the Flower Market Fair with a procession and performances. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The market gives people a chance to buy flowers, fruit and more to decorate their homes ahead of Chinese New Year. Performances by acrobats, folk dancers and musicians will take place throughout the month, with a parade taking place Feb. 24. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local restaurants are also \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2018/02/07/eight-eateries-to-celebrate-the-lunar-new-year-in-san-francisco/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">serving up special menus\u003c/a> this month. There are a number of other Chinese New Year events \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/04/bay-area-2018-lunar-new-year-festivals-and-events/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">planned around the Bay Area\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649351\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Hundreds of people flocked to the Flower Market Fair's last day to pick up supplies for Chinese New Year celebrations. Festivities began in San Francisco's Chinatown this weekend and will run until March 4, 2018. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649351\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-3-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of people flocked to the Flower Market Fair's last day to pick up supplies for Chinese New Year celebrations. Festivities began in San Francisco's Chinatown this weekend and will run until March 4, 2018. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649339\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Merchandise featured motifs for the Lunar New Year of the Dog. Stalls selling decorations, plants and more lined a red and gold bedecked street in Chinatown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649339\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-2-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Merchandise featured motifs for the Lunar New Year of the Dog. Stalls selling decorations, plants and more lined a red and gold bedecked street in Chinatown. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649350\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mascots for the festival walked today's fair. The costumes can be seen in action again at the Chinese New Year's Parade on February 24th. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649350\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-4-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mascots for the festival walked around the fair. The costumes can be seen in action again at the Chinese New Year's Parade on Feb. 24. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649353\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The main attraction at today's fair were the flowers. Plants symbolize growth and are an important part of decorating homes during Chinese New Year. \" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649353\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Image-uploaded-from-iOS-1-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The main attraction at today's fair were the flowers. Plants symbolize growth and are an important part of decorating homes during Chinese New Year. \u003ccite>(Alyssa Jeong Perry/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "PHOTOS: Kids of All Ages Flock to Reopening of S.F.'s Randall Museum",
"title": "PHOTOS: Kids of All Ages Flock to Reopening of S.F.'s Randall Museum",
"headTitle": "News Fix | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>After two years and $9 million dollars of renovations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.randallmuseum.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Randall Museum\u003c/a> reopened its doors on Sunday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The museum, located in San Francisco's Corona Heights neighborhood, will continue its focus on science and art exhibits for kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a place to connect all of you to nature,\" San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department general manager Phil Ginsburg told the dozens of kids and adults who came out for the reopening. \"Welcome to our green world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated museum is now home to a new STEM lab, an overhauled live animal exhibit and a cafe for parents tired of chasing their kids around the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener called the museum one of San Francisco's hidden jewels, but said after the retrofit, \"more people are going to know about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Randall Museum in San Francisco's Corona Heights neighborhood reopened on Sunday, Feb. 11, 2018, after a two year and $9 million renovation project.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Randall Museum in San Francisco's Corona Heights neighborhood reopened on Sunday, Feb. 11, 2018, after a two year and $9 million renovation project. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649367\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649367\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The centerpiece of the renovated Randall Museum is the live animal exhibit, which features more than a hundred different native California species.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The centerpiece of the renovated Randall Museum is the live animal exhibit, which features more than a hundred different native California species. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649365\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649365\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Stencils rest on a table at the newly renovated Randall Museum in San Francisco. The art, science and nature museum is run by the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wood cutting stencils rest on a table at the newly renovated Randall Museum in San Francisco. The art, science and nature museum is run by the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649363\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='The Randall Museum looks to offer \"opportunities for hands-on learning and recreation.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Randall Museum looks to offer \"opportunities for hands-on learning and recreation.\" \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649362\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649362\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Museumgoers of all ages use hot glue guns to assemble their woodworking projects at the Randall Museum in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Museumgoers of all ages use hot glue guns to assemble their woodworking projects at the Randall Museum in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649366\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Model trains are one of the many exhibits at the newly renovated Randall Museum.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Model trains are one of the many exhibits at the newly renovated Randall Museum. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After two years and $9 million dollars of renovations, \u003ca href=\"https://www.randallmuseum.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">The Randall Museum\u003c/a> reopened its doors on Sunday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The museum, located in San Francisco's Corona Heights neighborhood, will continue its focus on science and art exhibits for kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is a place to connect all of you to nature,\" San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department general manager Phil Ginsburg told the dozens of kids and adults who came out for the reopening. \"Welcome to our green world.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated museum is now home to a new STEM lab, an overhauled live animal exhibit and a cafe for parents tired of chasing their kids around the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener called the museum one of San Francisco's hidden jewels, but said after the retrofit, \"more people are going to know about it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The Randall Museum in San Francisco's Corona Heights neighborhood reopened on Sunday, Feb. 11, 2018, after a two year and $9 million renovation project.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29360_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-54-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Randall Museum in San Francisco's Corona Heights neighborhood reopened on Sunday, Feb. 11, 2018, after a two year and $9 million renovation project. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649367\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649367\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The centerpiece of the renovated Randall Museum is the live animal exhibit, which features more than a hundred different native California species.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29357_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-47-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The centerpiece of the renovated Randall Museum is the live animal exhibit, which features more than a hundred different native California species. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649365\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649365\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Stencils rest on a table at the newly renovated Randall Museum in San Francisco. The art, science and nature museum is run by the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29355_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-49-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wood cutting stencils rest on a table at the newly renovated Randall Museum in San Francisco. The art, science and nature museum is run by the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649363\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649363\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='The Randall Museum looks to offer \"opportunities for hands-on learning and recreation.\"' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29353_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-51-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Randall Museum looks to offer \"opportunities for hands-on learning and recreation.\" \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649362\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649362\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Museumgoers of all ages use hot glue guns to assemble their woodworking projects at the Randall Museum in San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29351_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-53-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Museumgoers of all ages use hot glue guns to assemble their woodworking projects at the Randall Museum in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11649366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11649366\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Model trains are one of the many exhibits at the newly renovated Randall Museum.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29356_Image-uploaded-from-iOS-48-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Model trains are one of the many exhibits at the newly renovated Randall Museum. \u003ccite>(Guy Marzorati/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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},
"californiareport": {
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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