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"content": "\u003cp>As Linda Capato Jr. waited to board a flight to Washington, D.C., the Oakland resident explained why she was heading to the nation’s capital for this week’s inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303181483″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to participate in a bunch of days of protest,” she said on Sunday. Capato is a member of \u003ca href=\"http://www.disruptj20.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Disrupt J20\u003c/a>, a national group promising to make its presence known in various ways at the upcoming inaugural events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of folks are fearful of this new administration, and the last year of rhetoric from Donald Trump and the Republicans — it’s incredibly scary for a lot of us,” said Capato, 33, an organizer with an environmental advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Capato, an LGBT rights and climate change activist, her goal is simple: “To show there is no mandate for this presidency. The biggest purpose is to prove that this isn’t going to be an easy four years for Trump and the Republicans to pass anything they want. People will resist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11272569\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11272569 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Linda Capato of Oakland traveled to Washington, D.C. to join Disrupt J20, a national group promising to make its presence known in various ways at the upcoming inaugural events.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-520x693.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut.jpg 1224w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Linda Capato of Oakland traveled to Washington, D.C., to join Disrupt J20, a national group promising to make its presence known in various ways at the upcoming inaugural events. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Linda Capato)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And “people” aren’t the only ones resisting. California state government is gearing up for a show of resistance to the agenda of President Trump. Bigly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown seems to be relishing his role as Resister-in-Chief from his perch in Sacramento. Five weeks after the election, Brown gave what he told KQED’s Marisa Lagos was the best \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/14/gov-brown-to-embattled-climate-scientists-we-will-persevere/\">speech\u003c/a> he’s given since he ran for president in 1976.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to a conference of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, Brown promised to stand firm against attempts to weaken California’s efforts to reduce carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.facebook.com/KQEDnews/videos/1247471845327210/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got a lot of firepower,” Brown told a room full of climate scientists. Flexing his political muscles, Brown said California was an economic powerhouse not to be messed with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the scientists, we’ve got the universities, we’ve got the national labs and we have the political clout for the battle. And we will persevere, have no doubt about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He backed that up by nominating U.S. Rep. Xavier Becerra to replace now-Sen. Kamala Harris as attorney general. Becerra, whose mother was born in Mexico, will become the highest-ranking Latino official in California after he is confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As attorney general, Becerra will be poised as the top legal defender of California policies and values around the environment, health care and immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he’ll have company. Not to be outdone, the state Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/04/to-defend-against-trump-california-hires-holder/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hired former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder\u003c/a>, presumably to help California develop and articulate the best legal arguments for fighting the new president’s agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”hiTDNOuFplZZuf3CfQihQQwMx41AZeHG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, which gave Hillary Clinton 4.3 million more votes than Trump (more than the overall voting total by which Clinton beat Trump nationally), does seem uniquely positioned to be what Texas was to Barack Obama — a legal wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody’s gotta do this,” said Terry Moe, a political science professor at Stanford University. “Rather than rolling over and playing dead, it’s smart from a political and public policy standpoint.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for any risks to California for pushing back hard against Trump’s initiatives, Moe doesn’t see any risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like the feds are going to lock up Jerry Brown,” Moe said. “He’s taking a stand and I don’t see how it can hurt him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">But Jim Brulte, chair of the California Republican Party, warns that Democrats are making a mistake by lining up to oppose Trump at every turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\"> “Rather than worrying about the Republicans in Washington replacing the Affordable Care Act, they ought to worry about income inequality, which is greater in California than anywhere in the nation,” Brulte said. “And that’s with a Democrat in the White House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, a lot of everyday Californians will be joining the opposition, like Oakland activist Capato and many others energized by the specter of a Trump presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those is Elizabeth Beatty of San Francisco, who will attend the Women’s March in D.C. on Saturday with her 12-year-old daughter, Alessandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first protest for Beatty in a while. She said she hopes it “inspires people to get active.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got to say we’re here, we’re still fighting and join us,” she said. “That’s what I hope from the march, that it’s just the beginning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News’ Miranda Leitsinger contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As Linda Capato Jr. waited to board a flight to Washington, D.C., the Oakland resident explained why she was heading to the nation’s capital for this week’s inauguration of Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303181483″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/303181483″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m going to participate in a bunch of days of protest,” she said on Sunday. Capato is a member of \u003ca href=\"http://www.disruptj20.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Disrupt J20\u003c/a>, a national group promising to make its presence known in various ways at the upcoming inaugural events.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of folks are fearful of this new administration, and the last year of rhetoric from Donald Trump and the Republicans — it’s incredibly scary for a lot of us,” said Capato, 33, an organizer with an environmental advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Capato, an LGBT rights and climate change activist, her goal is simple: “To show there is no mandate for this presidency. The biggest purpose is to prove that this isn’t going to be an easy four years for Trump and the Republicans to pass anything they want. People will resist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11272569\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11272569 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"Linda Capato of Oakland traveled to Washington, D.C. to join Disrupt J20, a national group promising to make its presence known in various ways at the upcoming inaugural events.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-960x1280.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut-520x693.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23625_Capato_RR-qut.jpg 1224w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Linda Capato of Oakland traveled to Washington, D.C., to join Disrupt J20, a national group promising to make its presence known in various ways at the upcoming inaugural events. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Linda Capato)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And “people” aren’t the only ones resisting. California state government is gearing up for a show of resistance to the agenda of President Trump. Bigly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown seems to be relishing his role as Resister-in-Chief from his perch in Sacramento. Five weeks after the election, Brown gave what he told KQED’s Marisa Lagos was the best \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/14/gov-brown-to-embattled-climate-scientists-we-will-persevere/\">speech\u003c/a> he’s given since he ran for president in 1976.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to a conference of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, Brown promised to stand firm against attempts to weaken California’s efforts to reduce carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.facebook.com/KQEDnews/videos/1247471845327210/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got a lot of firepower,” Brown told a room full of climate scientists. Flexing his political muscles, Brown said California was an economic powerhouse not to be messed with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the scientists, we’ve got the universities, we’ve got the national labs and we have the political clout for the battle. And we will persevere, have no doubt about that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He backed that up by nominating U.S. Rep. Xavier Becerra to replace now-Sen. Kamala Harris as attorney general. Becerra, whose mother was born in Mexico, will become the highest-ranking Latino official in California after he is confirmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As attorney general, Becerra will be poised as the top legal defender of California policies and values around the environment, health care and immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And he’ll have company. Not to be outdone, the state Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/04/to-defend-against-trump-california-hires-holder/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hired former U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder\u003c/a>, presumably to help California develop and articulate the best legal arguments for fighting the new president’s agenda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, which gave Hillary Clinton 4.3 million more votes than Trump (more than the overall voting total by which Clinton beat Trump nationally), does seem uniquely positioned to be what Texas was to Barack Obama — a legal wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Somebody’s gotta do this,” said Terry Moe, a political science professor at Stanford University. “Rather than rolling over and playing dead, it’s smart from a political and public policy standpoint.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for any risks to California for pushing back hard against Trump’s initiatives, Moe doesn’t see any risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not like the feds are going to lock up Jerry Brown,” Moe said. “He’s taking a stand and I don’t see how it can hurt him.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\">But Jim Brulte, chair of the California Republican Party, warns that Democrats are making a mistake by lining up to oppose Trump at every turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"x_MsoNormal\"> “Rather than worrying about the Republicans in Washington replacing the Affordable Care Act, they ought to worry about income inequality, which is greater in California than anywhere in the nation,” Brulte said. “And that’s with a Democrat in the White House.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, a lot of everyday Californians will be joining the opposition, like Oakland activist Capato and many others energized by the specter of a Trump presidency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those is Elizabeth Beatty of San Francisco, who will attend the Women’s March in D.C. on Saturday with her 12-year-old daughter, Alessandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first protest for Beatty in a while. She said she hopes it “inspires people to get active.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got to say we’re here, we’re still fighting and join us,” she said. “That’s what I hope from the march, that it’s just the beginning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News’ Miranda Leitsinger contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Rains Soak California, Farmers Test How To Store Water Underground",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the story on All Things Considered:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nhttps://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2017/01/20170112_atc_as_rains_soak_california_farmers_test_how_to_store_water_underground.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six years ago, Don Cameron, the general manager of \u003ca href=\"http://www.terranovaranch.com/\">Terranova Ranch\u003c/a>, southwest of Fresno, Calif., did something that seemed kind of crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went out to a nearby river, which was running high because of recent rains, and he opened an irrigation gate. Water rushed down a canal and flooded hundreds of acres of vineyards — even though it was wintertime. The vineyards were quiet. Nothing was growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We started in February, and we flooded grapes continuously, for the most part, until May,\" Cameron says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron was doing this because for years, he and his neighbors have been digging wells and pumping water out of the ground to irrigate their crops. That groundwater supply has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2016/07/15/the-hidden-treasure-of-californias-groundwater\">running low\u003c/a>. \"I became really concerned about it,\" Cameron says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So his idea was pretty simple: Flood his fields and let gravity do the rest. Water would seep into the ground all the way to the aquifer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea \u003ca href=\"http://www.terranovaranch.com/sustainability/sustainability-water-recharge/on-farm-flood-capture-could-reduce-groundwater-overdraft-in-kings-river-basin/\">worked\u003c/a>. Over four months, \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>Cameron was able to flood his fields with a large amount of water — equivalent to water three feet deep across 1,000 acres. It all went into the ground, and it didn't harm his grapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, Cameron's unconventional idea has become a hot new \u003ca href=\"http://waterinthewest.stanford.edu/groundwater/recharge/\">trend\u003c/a> in California's water management circles — especially this week, with rivers flooding all over the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is going to be the future for California,\" Cameron says. \"If we don't store the water during flood periods, we're not going to make it through the droughts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://dahlke.ucdavis.edu/\">Helen Dahlke\u003c/a>, a groundwater hydrologist at the University of California, Davis, is working with a half-dozen farmers who are ready to flood their fields this year. \"We have \u003ca href=\"http://dahlke.ucdavis.edu/research/groundwater-banking/\">test sites\u003c/a> set up on almonds, pistachios and alfalfa, just to test how those crops tolerate water that we put on in the winter,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two big reasons for these experiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first is simply that California's aquifers are depleted. It got really bad during the recent drought, when farmers couldn't get much water from the state's surface reservoirs. They \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/08/27/434649587/despite-the-drought-california-farms-see-record-sales\">pumped\u003c/a> so much groundwater that many wells ran dry. The water table in some areas dropped by 10, 20, or even 100 feet. Aquifers are especially \u003ca href=\"http://waterinthewest.stanford.edu/groundwater/overdraft/\">depleted\u003c/a> in the southern part of California's Central Valley, south of Fresno. Flooding fields could help the aquifers recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second reason to put water underground is climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has always counted on snow, piling up in the Sierra Nevada mountains, to act as a giant water reservoir. Water is released gradually as the snow melts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because of a warming climate, California now is getting \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-snowpack\">less snow\u003c/a> in winter, and more rain. The trend is expected to intensify. But heavy rain isn't as useful because it quickly outstrips the capacity of the state's reservoirs and just runs into the ocean. Meanwhile, the state gets very little rain during the summer, when crops need water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really have to find new ways of storing and capturing rainfall in the winter, when it's available,\" says Dahlke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no better place to store water than underground. Over the years, California's farmers have extracted twice as much water from the state's aquifers as the total storage capacity of the state's dams and man-made lakes. In theory, farmers could replace that water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pacinst.org/about-us/staff-and-board/dr-peter-h-gleick/\">Peter Gleick\u003c/a>, a water expert and co-founder of the Pacific Institute, says that after winter storms, there is enough water available to recharge those groundwater aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_114608\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133.jpg\" alt=\"Don Cameron, general manager of Terranova Ranch, flooded his grapevines with floodwaters from a branch of King's River, southwest of Fresno, Calif.\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1499\" class=\"size-full wp-image-114608\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133.jpg 1998w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don Cameron, general manager of Terranova Ranch, flooded his grapevines with floodwaters from a branch of King's River, southwest of Fresno, Calif. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Don Cameron)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The hard part, he says, will be getting the state's farmers and irrigation managers to go along with the plan. Because it will require flooding hundreds of thousands — and possibly millions — of acres. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm cautiously optimistic that we can do this,\" he says. But it's going to require a different way of thinking. It's going to require a lot of farmers and owners of ag land to be willing to flood land when the water's available.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Gleick says, even if this large-scale flooding can be accomplished, it won't be enough, by itself, to protect groundwater supplies. It will have to be accompanied by strict limits on how much water farmers can pump from aquifers. Groundwater — which until recently was almost completely unregulated — will have to be managed so that water is there when farmers really need it, when the rains don't fall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "After years of drought, California is getting drenched with rains. Some scientists and farmers are testing a way to capture that water by filling the state's depleted groundwater aquifers.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Six years ago, Don Cameron, the general manager of \u003ca href=\"http://www.terranovaranch.com/\">Terranova Ranch\u003c/a>, southwest of Fresno, Calif., did something that seemed kind of crazy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went out to a nearby river, which was running high because of recent rains, and he opened an irrigation gate. Water rushed down a canal and flooded hundreds of acres of vineyards — even though it was wintertime. The vineyards were quiet. Nothing was growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We started in February, and we flooded grapes continuously, for the most part, until May,\" Cameron says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cameron was doing this because for years, he and his neighbors have been digging wells and pumping water out of the ground to irrigate their crops. That groundwater supply has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2016/07/15/the-hidden-treasure-of-californias-groundwater\">running low\u003c/a>. \"I became really concerned about it,\" Cameron says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So his idea was pretty simple: Flood his fields and let gravity do the rest. Water would seep into the ground all the way to the aquifer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea \u003ca href=\"http://www.terranovaranch.com/sustainability/sustainability-water-recharge/on-farm-flood-capture-could-reduce-groundwater-overdraft-in-kings-river-basin/\">worked\u003c/a>. Over four months, \u003cstrong>\u003c/strong>Cameron was able to flood his fields with a large amount of water — equivalent to water three feet deep across 1,000 acres. It all went into the ground, and it didn't harm his grapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These days, Cameron's unconventional idea has become a hot new \u003ca href=\"http://waterinthewest.stanford.edu/groundwater/recharge/\">trend\u003c/a> in California's water management circles — especially this week, with rivers flooding all over the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is going to be the future for California,\" Cameron says. \"If we don't store the water during flood periods, we're not going to make it through the droughts.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://dahlke.ucdavis.edu/\">Helen Dahlke\u003c/a>, a groundwater hydrologist at the University of California, Davis, is working with a half-dozen farmers who are ready to flood their fields this year. \"We have \u003ca href=\"http://dahlke.ucdavis.edu/research/groundwater-banking/\">test sites\u003c/a> set up on almonds, pistachios and alfalfa, just to test how those crops tolerate water that we put on in the winter,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two big reasons for these experiments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first is simply that California's aquifers are depleted. It got really bad during the recent drought, when farmers couldn't get much water from the state's surface reservoirs. They \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2015/08/27/434649587/despite-the-drought-california-farms-see-record-sales\">pumped\u003c/a> so much groundwater that many wells ran dry. The water table in some areas dropped by 10, 20, or even 100 feet. Aquifers are especially \u003ca href=\"http://waterinthewest.stanford.edu/groundwater/overdraft/\">depleted\u003c/a> in the southern part of California's Central Valley, south of Fresno. Flooding fields could help the aquifers recover.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second reason to put water underground is climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has always counted on snow, piling up in the Sierra Nevada mountains, to act as a giant water reservoir. Water is released gradually as the snow melts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because of a warming climate, California now is getting \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-indicators-snowpack\">less snow\u003c/a> in winter, and more rain. The trend is expected to intensify. But heavy rain isn't as useful because it quickly outstrips the capacity of the state's reservoirs and just runs into the ocean. Meanwhile, the state gets very little rain during the summer, when crops need water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We really have to find new ways of storing and capturing rainfall in the winter, when it's available,\" says Dahlke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's no better place to store water than underground. Over the years, California's farmers have extracted twice as much water from the state's aquifers as the total storage capacity of the state's dams and man-made lakes. In theory, farmers could replace that water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://pacinst.org/about-us/staff-and-board/dr-peter-h-gleick/\">Peter Gleick\u003c/a>, a water expert and co-founder of the Pacific Institute, says that after winter storms, there is enough water available to recharge those groundwater aquifers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_114608\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1998px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133.jpg\" alt=\"Don Cameron, general manager of Terranova Ranch, flooded his grapevines with floodwaters from a branch of King's River, southwest of Fresno, Calif.\" width=\"1998\" height=\"1499\" class=\"size-full wp-image-114608\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133.jpg 1998w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/01/vineyards-8a88931af694ee3ac37250b130584faa9155c133-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1998px) 100vw, 1998px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Don Cameron, general manager of Terranova Ranch, flooded his grapevines with floodwaters from a branch of King's River, southwest of Fresno, Calif. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Don Cameron)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The hard part, he says, will be getting the state's farmers and irrigation managers to go along with the plan. Because it will require flooding hundreds of thousands — and possibly millions — of acres. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm cautiously optimistic that we can do this,\" he says. But it's going to require a different way of thinking. It's going to require a lot of farmers and owners of ag land to be willing to flood land when the water's available.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Gleick says, even if this large-scale flooding can be accomplished, it won't be enough, by itself, to protect groundwater supplies. It will have to be accompanied by strict limits on how much water farmers can pump from aquifers. Groundwater — which until recently was almost completely unregulated — will have to be managed so that water is there when farmers really need it, when the rains don't fall. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "kevin-starr-revered-chronicler-of-california-dies-at-age-76",
"title": "Kevin Starr, Revered Chronicler of California, Dies at Age 76",
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"headTitle": "Kevin Starr, Revered Chronicler of California, Dies at Age 76 | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Kevin Starr, a fourth-generation San Franciscan who stood alone as an interpreter of the vivid sweep of California history and its importance to the American nation, has died at the age of 76. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Times, the first to report Starr’s passing, said he died Saturday after suffering a heart attack in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kevin Starr chronicled the history of California as no one else,” Gov. Jerry Brown — another native San Franciscan with deep ties to the history of the city and state — said in a statement Sunday. “He captured the spirit of our state and brought to life the characters and personalities that made the California story. His vision, like California itself, was bigger than life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starr was born Sept. 3, 1940, and identified strongly with his native city. One of his great-grandfathers had arrived here during the 1850s and one of his grandfathers was a firefighter who battled the blaze that swept the city after the 1906 earthquake. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At various points, he ran, unsuccessfully, for the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, was an aide to Mayor Joseph Alioto, and served as the city’s head librarian. He went on to become the state librarian and to hold faculty appointments at a series of California colleges. At the time of his death, Starr was \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/cf/faculty-and-staff/faculty.cfm?pid=1003730\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a professor of history and policy, planning and development\u003c/a> at the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His biographical summary tends to bely what might describe as a turbulent childhood. From the L.A. Times obituary:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>At age 6, he and his younger brother were sent to Albertina Orphanage in Ukiah, more than 100 miles north of San Francisco, after his parents divorced and his mother suffered a nervous breakdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother eventually brought her two sons back to live in the Portrero Hill housing project in San Francisco, where the family lived on a monthly welfare check of $130.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To “emancipate” himself from the hardscrabble upbringing, he worked two newspaper delivery routes. Starr also credited the Catholic Church’s strong educational mission. He attended St. Boniface School in the Tenderloin district, and later, St. Ignatius High School, before completing his high school studies at a seminary and enrolling in the Jesuit-run University of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Starr went on to graduate studies at Harvard, where he earned a doctorate in American literature. It was there, he said in \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/la-oe-morrison11-2009jul11-column.html\">a 2009 L.A. Times interview\u003c/a>, he conceived the idea of his California history: \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n“I thought, ‘There’s all kinds of wonderful books on California, but they don’t seem to have the point of view we’re encouraged to look at — the social drama of the imagination.’ So I started the first volume, writing it for my thesis.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That work, published in 1973, was “Americans and the California Dream, 1850-1915.” The book, the first in an eight-volume series published over 36 years, traces how California bloomed into the national consciousness — as a primitive Eden, as the scene of riotous Gold Rush excess, as an American society founded and focused on the new, as a place of constant contradiction. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Americans and the California Dream” is mostly a literary history, focusing on how a wide range of witnesses — including explorers, military, politicians, journalists, historians, poets and novelists — responded to California and, in turn, the affect California had on them and on American life and imagination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here he is, for instance, on the afterlife of the Gold Rush, which he said was responsible for an enduring “accrual of psychological associations” with the state:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Whatever else California was, good or bad, it was charged with human hope. It was linked imaginatively with the most compelling of American myths, the pursuit of happiness. … California would never lose this symbolic connection with an intensified pursuit of happiness. As a hope in defiance of facts, as a longing which could ennoble and encourage but which could also turn and devour itself, the symbolic value of California endured — a legacy of the Gold Rush.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>By the time the final book in the series, “Golden Dreams: California in an Age of Abundance, 1950-1963,” was published in 2009, Starr’s work had achieved landmark status. An \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jul/08/entertainment/et-rutten8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L.A. Times reviewer\u003c/a> was almost euphoric:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Taken together, these books constitute as comprehensive a social, political, ethnographic, cultural and philosophical history as any state is ever likely to achieve. It was conceived in dazzling ambition and masterfully executed. The author’s scholarship and erudition animate each volume without once falling into the trap of self-regard. It is, in sum, an achievement made even more remarkable by the fact that it is wonderfully readable.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Some criticized Starr for presenting too sunny a picture of California’s history, especially its early chapters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1YZThJF_08\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 2013 talk at USF\u003c/a>, Starr acknowledged the criticism and talked about the growth of his own historical understanding. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have tried to develop more and more what [Spanish philosopher and playwright Miguel de] Unamuno called ‘the tragic sense of life’ and to see the war of good and evil occurring simultaneously,” Starr said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That change might be seen his introduction to “Rooted in Barbarous Soil,” a volume of essays on the Gold Rush and its immediate aftermath, Starr addresses the “racist criminality” that characterized the era’s treatment of the native population and the denial of liberty and justice to immigrants of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For some, the Gold Rush is a panorama of delusion, aggression, lies and deceit, broken promises and empty dreams,” Starr wrote. “For those who think this way, those long-ago years continue today in masked but still damaging forms. … Yet for those who believe that the California experiment, which is part of the larger American experiment, is of lasting value, the sins of the Gold Rush, while not denied or even forgiven, can be held in equipoise, in mitigating judgment, against all that the Gold Rush positively achieved. … Such positive results do not excuse the sins of the past; yet they do provide a hope that what has been accomplished has been, on balance, worth at least some of the terrible cost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a widely quoted \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/article/California-dreamin-The-Golden-State-has-a-2599066.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2003 op-ed piece\u003c/a> for the San Francisco Chronicle, Starr wrote that “California is everything and nothing at all. It is the cutting edge of the American dream — a utopia. But it could also become the paradigm of the dream lost — a nightmare dystopia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He ticked off the major challenges facing the state, including mass incarceration due to the ongoing war on drugs, homelessness and declining quality of life for many in both urban and rural California, the dot-com bust, the collapse of the state’s finances, and the need to find a way to accommodate a continuing influx of people. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He closed by asking whether the California of the future would be one in which the state’s riches would “belong to a privileged few? Or will millions of Californians, including those of ordinary abilities, find themselves participating in what promises to be the most interesting social experiment on the planet?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starr was known as a dazzling conversationalist eager to take his audience along on his intellectual adventures. L.A. Times book editor Carolyn Kellogg described him in \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2013/apr/12/entertainment/la-ca-jc-kevin-starr-20130414\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 2013 piece\u003c/a>: \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Asking Kevin Starr a question is like turning on a fire hose. First there’s a blast of erudition. Then, as his intellect gathers, information rushes out in a deluge. He’s talking, but it’s as if an invisible scholar inside his head is yanking books off shelves, throwing them open, checking the index, then racing off to find the next volume. On the outside, Starr is an avuncular 72-year-old, but his brain is sprinting like an Olympian.” \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A couple of other Starr remembrances \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/Kevin-Starr-historian-and-former-state-10859456.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“No one else has more printed words on the formation of the Golden State, and what it means to the nation and world, than Starr,” said Mattie Taormina, who worked as Dr. Starr’s special assistant at the California State Library for more than eight years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taormina, who is now director of the Sutro Library — the California State Library’s San Francisco branch — said Dr. Starr’s compassion, wit and humility inspired everyone that knew him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was a presence. He was the kind of force that would fill up a room whenever he came in,” Taormina said. “He was such a great mentor, and he was that way not just with me, but with everyone that worked at the library.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>… San Francisco Museum and Historical Society co-founder Charles Fracchia, who knew Dr. Starr for nearly 60 years, said his friend’s hard upbringing drove him to succeed on a “huge and broad level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His books will not die; they will not go out of fashion. They will be on library shelves as works of literature,” Fracchia said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Starr is survived by his wife, Sheila Starr of San Francisco, and daughters Jessica Starr and Marian Starr Imperatore..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He loved life, and he lived life in a beautiful and grand way — to the fullest,” Jessica Starr told the L.A. Times. “We’re sorry he is no longer with us. He was taken too soon.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Kevin Starr, Revered Chronicler of California, Dies at Age 76 | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kevin Starr, a fourth-generation San Franciscan who stood alone as an interpreter of the vivid sweep of California history and its importance to the American nation, has died at the age of 76. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles Times, the first to report Starr’s passing, said he died Saturday after suffering a heart attack in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kevin Starr chronicled the history of California as no one else,” Gov. Jerry Brown — another native San Franciscan with deep ties to the history of the city and state — said in a statement Sunday. “He captured the spirit of our state and brought to life the characters and personalities that made the California story. His vision, like California itself, was bigger than life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starr was born Sept. 3, 1940, and identified strongly with his native city. One of his great-grandfathers had arrived here during the 1850s and one of his grandfathers was a firefighter who battled the blaze that swept the city after the 1906 earthquake. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At various points, he ran, unsuccessfully, for the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, was an aide to Mayor Joseph Alioto, and served as the city’s head librarian. He went on to become the state librarian and to hold faculty appointments at a series of California colleges. At the time of his death, Starr was \u003ca href=\"https://dornsife.usc.edu/cf/faculty-and-staff/faculty.cfm?pid=1003730\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a professor of history and policy, planning and development\u003c/a> at the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His biographical summary tends to bely what might describe as a turbulent childhood. From the L.A. Times obituary:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>At age 6, he and his younger brother were sent to Albertina Orphanage in Ukiah, more than 100 miles north of San Francisco, after his parents divorced and his mother suffered a nervous breakdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother eventually brought her two sons back to live in the Portrero Hill housing project in San Francisco, where the family lived on a monthly welfare check of $130.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To “emancipate” himself from the hardscrabble upbringing, he worked two newspaper delivery routes. Starr also credited the Catholic Church’s strong educational mission. He attended St. Boniface School in the Tenderloin district, and later, St. Ignatius High School, before completing his high school studies at a seminary and enrolling in the Jesuit-run University of San Francisco.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Starr went on to graduate studies at Harvard, where he earned a doctorate in American literature. It was there, he said in \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/la-oe-morrison11-2009jul11-column.html\">a 2009 L.A. Times interview\u003c/a>, he conceived the idea of his California history: \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n“I thought, ‘There’s all kinds of wonderful books on California, but they don’t seem to have the point of view we’re encouraged to look at — the social drama of the imagination.’ So I started the first volume, writing it for my thesis.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>That work, published in 1973, was “Americans and the California Dream, 1850-1915.” The book, the first in an eight-volume series published over 36 years, traces how California bloomed into the national consciousness — as a primitive Eden, as the scene of riotous Gold Rush excess, as an American society founded and focused on the new, as a place of constant contradiction. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Americans and the California Dream” is mostly a literary history, focusing on how a wide range of witnesses — including explorers, military, politicians, journalists, historians, poets and novelists — responded to California and, in turn, the affect California had on them and on American life and imagination. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here he is, for instance, on the afterlife of the Gold Rush, which he said was responsible for an enduring “accrual of psychological associations” with the state:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Whatever else California was, good or bad, it was charged with human hope. It was linked imaginatively with the most compelling of American myths, the pursuit of happiness. … California would never lose this symbolic connection with an intensified pursuit of happiness. As a hope in defiance of facts, as a longing which could ennoble and encourage but which could also turn and devour itself, the symbolic value of California endured — a legacy of the Gold Rush.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>By the time the final book in the series, “Golden Dreams: California in an Age of Abundance, 1950-1963,” was published in 2009, Starr’s work had achieved landmark status. An \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jul/08/entertainment/et-rutten8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">L.A. Times reviewer\u003c/a> was almost euphoric:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Taken together, these books constitute as comprehensive a social, political, ethnographic, cultural and philosophical history as any state is ever likely to achieve. It was conceived in dazzling ambition and masterfully executed. The author’s scholarship and erudition animate each volume without once falling into the trap of self-regard. It is, in sum, an achievement made even more remarkable by the fact that it is wonderfully readable.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Some criticized Starr for presenting too sunny a picture of California’s history, especially its early chapters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1YZThJF_08\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 2013 talk at USF\u003c/a>, Starr acknowledged the criticism and talked about the growth of his own historical understanding. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have tried to develop more and more what [Spanish philosopher and playwright Miguel de] Unamuno called ‘the tragic sense of life’ and to see the war of good and evil occurring simultaneously,” Starr said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That change might be seen his introduction to “Rooted in Barbarous Soil,” a volume of essays on the Gold Rush and its immediate aftermath, Starr addresses the “racist criminality” that characterized the era’s treatment of the native population and the denial of liberty and justice to immigrants of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For some, the Gold Rush is a panorama of delusion, aggression, lies and deceit, broken promises and empty dreams,” Starr wrote. “For those who think this way, those long-ago years continue today in masked but still damaging forms. … Yet for those who believe that the California experiment, which is part of the larger American experiment, is of lasting value, the sins of the Gold Rush, while not denied or even forgiven, can be held in equipoise, in mitigating judgment, against all that the Gold Rush positively achieved. … Such positive results do not excuse the sins of the past; yet they do provide a hope that what has been accomplished has been, on balance, worth at least some of the terrible cost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a widely quoted \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/article/California-dreamin-The-Golden-State-has-a-2599066.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2003 op-ed piece\u003c/a> for the San Francisco Chronicle, Starr wrote that “California is everything and nothing at all. It is the cutting edge of the American dream — a utopia. But it could also become the paradigm of the dream lost — a nightmare dystopia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He ticked off the major challenges facing the state, including mass incarceration due to the ongoing war on drugs, homelessness and declining quality of life for many in both urban and rural California, the dot-com bust, the collapse of the state’s finances, and the need to find a way to accommodate a continuing influx of people. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He closed by asking whether the California of the future would be one in which the state’s riches would “belong to a privileged few? Or will millions of Californians, including those of ordinary abilities, find themselves participating in what promises to be the most interesting social experiment on the planet?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starr was known as a dazzling conversationalist eager to take his audience along on his intellectual adventures. L.A. Times book editor Carolyn Kellogg described him in \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2013/apr/12/entertainment/la-ca-jc-kevin-starr-20130414\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a 2013 piece\u003c/a>: \u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Asking Kevin Starr a question is like turning on a fire hose. First there’s a blast of erudition. Then, as his intellect gathers, information rushes out in a deluge. He’s talking, but it’s as if an invisible scholar inside his head is yanking books off shelves, throwing them open, checking the index, then racing off to find the next volume. On the outside, Starr is an avuncular 72-year-old, but his brain is sprinting like an Olympian.” \u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>A couple of other Starr remembrances \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/Kevin-Starr-historian-and-former-state-10859456.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">via the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“No one else has more printed words on the formation of the Golden State, and what it means to the nation and world, than Starr,” said Mattie Taormina, who worked as Dr. Starr’s special assistant at the California State Library for more than eight years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taormina, who is now director of the Sutro Library — the California State Library’s San Francisco branch — said Dr. Starr’s compassion, wit and humility inspired everyone that knew him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was a presence. He was the kind of force that would fill up a room whenever he came in,” Taormina said. “He was such a great mentor, and he was that way not just with me, but with everyone that worked at the library.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>… San Francisco Museum and Historical Society co-founder Charles Fracchia, who knew Dr. Starr for nearly 60 years, said his friend’s hard upbringing drove him to succeed on a “huge and broad level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“His books will not die; they will not go out of fashion. They will be on library shelves as works of literature,” Fracchia said.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Starr is survived by his wife, Sheila Starr of San Francisco, and daughters Jessica Starr and Marian Starr Imperatore..\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He loved life, and he lived life in a beautiful and grand way — to the fullest,” Jessica Starr told the L.A. Times. “We’re sorry he is no longer with us. He was taken too soon.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "san-jose-building-with-chavez-ties-named-national-historic-landmark",
"title": "San Jose Building With Chávez Ties Named National Historic Landmark",
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"content": "\u003cp>Before Cesar Chávez became a national civil rights and labor leader, he worshiped at \u003ca href=\"http://www.olgparishsj.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish\u003c/a> in east San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the hall on that church campus where Chavez learned to organize impoverished farmworkers is a national historic landmark, recognizing its status as a property of “exceptional value to the nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The designation of 24 new National Historic Landmarks this week, “ensures future generations have the ability to learn from the past,” wrote Interior Secretary Sally Jewell in the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former Our Lady of Guadalupe Mission Chapel in East San Jose, California, was originally built as a parish church in West San Jose in 1911. When the original owners sold the church building in 1953, it was moved to the current parish’s location in East San Jose, reconstructed, and reconsecrated as a mission chapel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12617321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12617321 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"There have been multiple modifications to McDonnell Hall over the years, but it remains a tangible link to Cesar Chavez's activism in San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There have been multiple modifications to McDonnell Hall over the years, but it remains a tangible link to Cesar Chavez’s activism in San Jose. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the California State Parks Office of Historic Preservation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At that time, the Mayfair neighborhood was filling up with Mexican-American Catholics, and they asked the Diocese of San Francisco for their own church and a Spanish-speaking priest. Rev. Donald McDonnell was an activist priest, who encouraged his parishioners to get involved in politics, especially with issues that affected them directly. One of the parishioners who \u003ca href=\"http://www.ufw.org/_board.php?mode=view&b_code=news_press&b_no=11813\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took McDonnell’s teachings to heart\u003c/a> was Chávez, whose farmworker parents had moved the family there from Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chávez later said his education began with the parish priest, according to Marc Grossman, who knew the civil rights icon for the last 24 years of his life and still serves as communications director for the Cesar Chavez Foundation. Chávez was in his early 20s when he met Father McDonnell, but the young man had only an eighth grade education at the time. Father McDonnell introduced to social justice literature in the Catholic Church as well as secular authors like Tolstoy and Machiavelli.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grossman says the priest “did, in a very quiet way, change the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later renamed McDonnell Hall, the modest chapel became a center for grassroots activism on several social fronts and a training ground for community leaders like Chávez. It was at the mission that he and others got involved with the Community Service Organization in the 1950s and ’60s as it conducted voter registration drives, civil rights lawsuits and legislative campaigns, as well as citizenship and literacy classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chávez would later apply what he learned in San Jose alongside Dolores Huerta to launch the United Farm Workers Union and organize the famous grape boycott that launched him to national prominence as a civil rights leader and advocate of nonviolent protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/nhl/news/LC/fall2016/OurLadyofGuadalupeChapel.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">application\u003c/a> for national historic status, El Teatro Campesino founder Luis Valdez (whose family members were parishioners at the mission in the 1950s), is quoted as saying McDonnell Hall not only still resonates as a symbol of the farmworker movement, but also serves as a broader symbol of an “ongoing struggle in the heart of humanity” for “social justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watch a KQED Newsroom feature on Chávez in San Jose\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_F5X64bXde0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The national status for McDonnell Hall follows a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2014/09/14/landmark-status-for-cesar-chavez-meeting-hall-in-east-san-jose/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">successful bid for state status\u003c/a> as a historic landmark a few years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congresswoman Zoe Lofgren (D-San Jose) applauded the federal designation in \u003ca href=\"https://lofgren.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=398119\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a press release\u003c/a>. “I’m so proud of the communal effort that has led to such a great recognition for this simple chapel where one of our greatest civil rights champions began a movement that changed lives throughout our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historic landmark status, bestowed on more than 2,500 spots nationwide, comes with federal grants for preservation, program assistance and free publicity in National Park Service tourist and educational materials. For instance, the properties are listed in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/Nr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Register of Historic Places\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other landmarks were designated in California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>•\u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoparksandiego.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Chicano Park\u003c/a> in San Diego, which locals occupied on Apr. 20, 1970 to prevent the construction of a California Highway Patrol substation on land the city had promised would become a neighborhood park. The park is now home to the Chicano Park Monumental Murals, an exceptional assemblage of master mural artwork painted on the freeway bridge supports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• The Neutra Studio and Residences (\u003ca href=\"http://neutra-vdl.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VDL Research House\u003c/a>) in Los Angeles is associated with Richard Neutra. During the 1940s, Neutra helped launch what we think of today as mid-century “California Modern” architecture.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before Cesar Chávez became a national civil rights and labor leader, he worshiped at \u003ca href=\"http://www.olgparishsj.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Our Lady of Guadalupe Parish\u003c/a> in east San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the hall on that church campus where Chavez learned to organize impoverished farmworkers is a national historic landmark, recognizing its status as a property of “exceptional value to the nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The designation of 24 new National Historic Landmarks this week, “ensures future generations have the ability to learn from the past,” wrote Interior Secretary Sally Jewell in the announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The former Our Lady of Guadalupe Mission Chapel in East San Jose, California, was originally built as a parish church in West San Jose in 1911. When the original owners sold the church building in 1953, it was moved to the current parish’s location in East San Jose, reconstructed, and reconsecrated as a mission chapel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12617321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12617321 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"There have been multiple modifications to McDonnell Hall over the years, but it remains a tangible link to Cesar Chavez's activism in San Jose.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23577_ca_santa-clara-county_mcdonnell-hall_0001-qut-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There have been multiple modifications to McDonnell Hall over the years, but it remains a tangible link to Cesar Chavez’s activism in San Jose. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the California State Parks Office of Historic Preservation)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At that time, the Mayfair neighborhood was filling up with Mexican-American Catholics, and they asked the Diocese of San Francisco for their own church and a Spanish-speaking priest. Rev. Donald McDonnell was an activist priest, who encouraged his parishioners to get involved in politics, especially with issues that affected them directly. One of the parishioners who \u003ca href=\"http://www.ufw.org/_board.php?mode=view&b_code=news_press&b_no=11813\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took McDonnell’s teachings to heart\u003c/a> was Chávez, whose farmworker parents had moved the family there from Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chávez later said his education began with the parish priest, according to Marc Grossman, who knew the civil rights icon for the last 24 years of his life and still serves as communications director for the Cesar Chavez Foundation. Chávez was in his early 20s when he met Father McDonnell, but the young man had only an eighth grade education at the time. Father McDonnell introduced to social justice literature in the Catholic Church as well as secular authors like Tolstoy and Machiavelli.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grossman says the priest “did, in a very quiet way, change the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later renamed McDonnell Hall, the modest chapel became a center for grassroots activism on several social fronts and a training ground for community leaders like Chávez. It was at the mission that he and others got involved with the Community Service Organization in the 1950s and ’60s as it conducted voter registration drives, civil rights lawsuits and legislative campaigns, as well as citizenship and literacy classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chávez would later apply what he learned in San Jose alongside Dolores Huerta to launch the United Farm Workers Union and organize the famous grape boycott that launched him to national prominence as a civil rights leader and advocate of nonviolent protest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/nhl/news/LC/fall2016/OurLadyofGuadalupeChapel.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">application\u003c/a> for national historic status, El Teatro Campesino founder Luis Valdez (whose family members were parishioners at the mission in the 1950s), is quoted as saying McDonnell Hall not only still resonates as a symbol of the farmworker movement, but also serves as a broader symbol of an “ongoing struggle in the heart of humanity” for “social justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Watch a KQED Newsroom feature on Chávez in San Jose\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/_F5X64bXde0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/_F5X64bXde0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The national status for McDonnell Hall follows a \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2014/09/14/landmark-status-for-cesar-chavez-meeting-hall-in-east-san-jose/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">successful bid for state status\u003c/a> as a historic landmark a few years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congresswoman Zoe Lofgren (D-San Jose) applauded the federal designation in \u003ca href=\"https://lofgren.house.gov/news/documentsingle.aspx?DocumentID=398119\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a press release\u003c/a>. “I’m so proud of the communal effort that has led to such a great recognition for this simple chapel where one of our greatest civil rights champions began a movement that changed lives throughout our nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historic landmark status, bestowed on more than 2,500 spots nationwide, comes with federal grants for preservation, program assistance and free publicity in National Park Service tourist and educational materials. For instance, the properties are listed in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/Nr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Register of Historic Places\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other landmarks were designated in California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>•\u003ca href=\"http://www.chicanoparksandiego.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Chicano Park\u003c/a> in San Diego, which locals occupied on Apr. 20, 1970 to prevent the construction of a California Highway Patrol substation on land the city had promised would become a neighborhood park. The park is now home to the Chicano Park Monumental Murals, an exceptional assemblage of master mural artwork painted on the freeway bridge supports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>• The Neutra Studio and Residences (\u003ca href=\"http://neutra-vdl.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VDL Research House\u003c/a>) in Los Angeles is associated with Richard Neutra. During the 1940s, Neutra helped launch what we think of today as mid-century “California Modern” architecture.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A next step for smart watches and fitness trackers? Wearable gadgets gave a Stanford University professor an early warning that he was getting sick before he ever felt any symptoms of Lyme disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geneticist Michael Snyder never had Lyme's characteristic bulls-eye rash. But a smart watch and other sensors charted changes in Snyder's heart rate and oxygen levels during a family vacation. Eventually a fever struck that led to his diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Say \"wearables,\" and step-counting fitness trackers spring to mind. It's not clear if they really make a difference in users' health. Now Snyder's team at Stanford is starting to find out, tracking the everyday lives of several dozen volunteers wearing devices that monitor more than mere activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He envisions one day having wearables that act as a sort of \"check engine\" light indicating it's time to see the doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One way to look at this is, these are the equivalent of oral thermometers but you're measuring yourself all the time,\" said Snyder, senior author of a report released Thursday on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the earliest hints: Changes in people's day-to-day physiology may flag when certain ailments are brewing, from colds to Lyme to Type 2 diabetes, researchers reported in the journal PLOS Biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest in wearable sensors is growing along with efforts to personalize medicine, as scientists learn how to tailor treatments and preventive care to people's genes, environment and lifestyle. The sensors are expected to be a part of the National Institutes of Health's huge \"precision medicine\" study, planned to begin later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a first step is learning what's normal for different people under different conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford team is collecting reams of data — as many as 250,000 daily measurements — from volunteers who wear up to eight activity monitors or other sensors of varying sizes that measure heart rate, blood oxygen, skin temperature, sleep, calories expended, exercise and even exposure to radiation. That's paired with occasional laboratory tests to measure blood chemistry and some genetic information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An initial finding: Blood oxygen levels decrease with rising altitudes during plane flights, in turn triggering fatigue. But toward the end of long flights, oxygen begins rising again, possibly as bodies adapt, the researchers reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was that phenomenon that alerted Snyder, the longest-tested participant, \"that something wasn't quite right\" on one of his frequent long flights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landing in Norway for a family vacation, Snyder noticed his oxygen levels didn't return to normal like they always had before. Plus his heart rate was much higher than normal, which sometimes signals infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, soon a low-grade fever left him dragging. He feared Lyme because two weeks before going abroad, Snyder had helped his brother build a fence in a tick-infested rural area in Massachusetts. He persuaded a Norwegian doctor to prescribe the appropriate antibiotic, and post-vacation testing back home confirmed the diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also during the study's first two years, Snyder and several other volunteers had minor cold-like illnesses that began with higher-than-normal readings for heart rate and skin temperature — and correlated with blood tests showing inflammation was on the rise before any sniffling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the Stanford team detected variations in heart rate patterns that could tell the difference between study participants with what's called insulin resistance — a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes — and healthy people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, don't try to self-diagnose with your fitness tracker any time soon. The findings in Thursday's report are intriguing but the study is highly experimental, cautioned medical technology specialist Dr. Atul Butte of the University of California, San Francisco, who wasn't involved with the research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This kind of approach is going to help science more than the general public\" until there's better data about what's normal or not, Butte said. \"Remember, the baseline is always in motion. We're always getting older. We're always exposed to things. Just because there's a deviation doesn't mean it's abnormal.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A next step for smart watches and fitness trackers? Wearable gadgets gave a Stanford University professor an early warning that he was getting sick before he ever felt any symptoms of Lyme disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Geneticist Michael Snyder never had Lyme's characteristic bulls-eye rash. But a smart watch and other sensors charted changes in Snyder's heart rate and oxygen levels during a family vacation. Eventually a fever struck that led to his diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Say \"wearables,\" and step-counting fitness trackers spring to mind. It's not clear if they really make a difference in users' health. Now Snyder's team at Stanford is starting to find out, tracking the everyday lives of several dozen volunteers wearing devices that monitor more than mere activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He envisions one day having wearables that act as a sort of \"check engine\" light indicating it's time to see the doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"One way to look at this is, these are the equivalent of oral thermometers but you're measuring yourself all the time,\" said Snyder, senior author of a report released Thursday on the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the earliest hints: Changes in people's day-to-day physiology may flag when certain ailments are brewing, from colds to Lyme to Type 2 diabetes, researchers reported in the journal PLOS Biology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest in wearable sensors is growing along with efforts to personalize medicine, as scientists learn how to tailor treatments and preventive care to people's genes, environment and lifestyle. The sensors are expected to be a part of the National Institutes of Health's huge \"precision medicine\" study, planned to begin later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a first step is learning what's normal for different people under different conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stanford team is collecting reams of data — as many as 250,000 daily measurements — from volunteers who wear up to eight activity monitors or other sensors of varying sizes that measure heart rate, blood oxygen, skin temperature, sleep, calories expended, exercise and even exposure to radiation. That's paired with occasional laboratory tests to measure blood chemistry and some genetic information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An initial finding: Blood oxygen levels decrease with rising altitudes during plane flights, in turn triggering fatigue. But toward the end of long flights, oxygen begins rising again, possibly as bodies adapt, the researchers reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was that phenomenon that alerted Snyder, the longest-tested participant, \"that something wasn't quite right\" on one of his frequent long flights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Landing in Norway for a family vacation, Snyder noticed his oxygen levels didn't return to normal like they always had before. Plus his heart rate was much higher than normal, which sometimes signals infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sure enough, soon a low-grade fever left him dragging. He feared Lyme because two weeks before going abroad, Snyder had helped his brother build a fence in a tick-infested rural area in Massachusetts. He persuaded a Norwegian doctor to prescribe the appropriate antibiotic, and post-vacation testing back home confirmed the diagnosis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also during the study's first two years, Snyder and several other volunteers had minor cold-like illnesses that began with higher-than-normal readings for heart rate and skin temperature — and correlated with blood tests showing inflammation was on the rise before any sniffling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the Stanford team detected variations in heart rate patterns that could tell the difference between study participants with what's called insulin resistance — a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes — and healthy people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No, don't try to self-diagnose with your fitness tracker any time soon. The findings in Thursday's report are intriguing but the study is highly experimental, cautioned medical technology specialist Dr. Atul Butte of the University of California, San Francisco, who wasn't involved with the research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This kind of approach is going to help science more than the general public\" until there's better data about what's normal or not, Butte said. \"Remember, the baseline is always in motion. We're always getting older. We're always exposed to things. Just because there's a deviation doesn't mean it's abnormal.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Along the left side of a cold, gray cement building on Alcatraz Island, hundreds of colorful NFL jerseys suspended on clothesline hang limp in the cold air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building is about as long as a football field. Broken windows, peeling paint and the busted out remains of what used to be toilets line the walls. It looks like the dirtiest NFL pro shop imaginable, only the jerseys aren’t for sale. They’re art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really about shortening irrationally long prison sentences that are too often given for nonviolent minor drug crimes,” says Nelson Saiers, the New York-based artist behind \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/visit/art/current-exhibits/shortening-on-alcatraz.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational\u003c/a>, \u003c/em>currently on display on Alcatraz through Sunday, Feb. 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/302155438″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exhibition starts in the corner of the New Industries Building with a giant white “3” on a green piece of synthetic turf suspended from the ceiling. From there, the jerseys wind throughout the building, with the numbers on the back spelling out the first several hundred digits of the number pi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pi is what’s called an irrational number which means it never ends nor repeats,” says the 41-year-old Saiers, who earned a Ph.D. in mathematics at the age of 23 and ran a hedge fund before becoming a full-time artist. “Now the way to turn it into a rational number is to shorten it. So that’s a very good metaphor for what needs to be done to these irrational prison sentences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3OcZYZTS6q8&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Inspired by news headlines\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Saiers’ process began with the news of the death of Freddie Gray, a black man in Baltimore, who died while in police custody in the spring of 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident provoked a discussion between Saiers and a friend about the ongoing issues between communities of color and police departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And he said, ‘Well the number one thing they gotta get rid of is football numbers because it’s destroying families,” Saiers says of that conversation. “It’s destroying entire communities.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saiers’ friend told him that “football numbers” referred to double-digit prison sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It comes from the idea that if you get 30 years or 44 years or 25 years, it’s a number that looks like a number on a football jersey,” Saiers says. “So the football jerseys hanging in the room point to that expression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"rectangular\" ids=\"12605449,12605450,12605451,12605452,12605453\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California’s stance on long prison sentences\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many of those double-digit sentences for nonviolent drug crimes date back to tough on crime laws like California’s 1994 “Three Strikes” Law, which established mandatory long prison sentences for repeat offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those sentences have become less common in recent years. Two recent ballot measures — 2012’s Proposition 36 and 2014’s Proposition 47 — as well as Governor Jerry Brown’s prison realignment plan passed in 2011, were all designed in part to reduce the kinds of long prison terms Saiers protests in his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/11/12/prop-36-may-release-felons-from-prison-but-how-many/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 36\u003c/a> amended the 1994 Three Strikes Law to establish more lenient sentencing for nonviolent offenders, and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/08/22/proposition-47-gives-former-felons-a-new-chance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 47\u003c/a> reclassified some nonviolent drug offenses from felonies down to misdemeanors. Both measures included opportunities for offenders already behind bars to appeal and potentially reduce their current sentences. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/29/five-years-later-many-see-criminal-justice-realignment-as-success/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Realignment\u003c/a> called for moving some nonviolent offenders, including those with drug convictions, out of state prisons and into county jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605440\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605440 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt='A football jersey is strung on hemp rope as part of the art installation \"Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational\" on Tuesday, November 15, 2016. The hemp rope alludes to minor drug offenses such as marijuana possession that the artist says too often result in unnecessarily long prison sentences.' width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A football jersey is strung on hemp rope as part of the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational”. The hemp rope alludes to minor drug offenses such as marijuana possession that the artist says too often result in unnecessarily long prison sentences. \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But even with all of that progress — plus the possibility of even more reduced sentences after the passage last November of \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/article/11076610/6-ways-recreational-pot-would-change-california-and-7-ways-it-wouldnt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 64\u003c/a> legalizing recreational marijuana — this is not a settled issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While those changes have happened and continue to happen, you will still find people in state prison who are serving long sentences, life sentences,” says Krissi Khokhobashvili, spokeswoman for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The many layers of \u003cem>Shortening\u003c/em>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The complexities of Saiers’ artwork go beyond football jerseys and the number pi. For example, the piece also relates to the storied history of Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605438\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605438 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt='Black duct tape covers up the term \"Redskins\" on a football jersey at the art installation \"Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational\" on Tuesday, November 15, 2016. The artist says he used the duct tape to mute what he views as a derogatory term towards Native Americans.' width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black duct tape covers up the term “Redskins” on a football jersey at the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational”. The artist says he used the duct tape to mute what he views as a derogatory term towards Native Americans. \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Saiers repeatedly pays homage in the exhibition to the Native American presence on The Rock. He put duct tape over jerseys emblazoned with the word “Redskins” to “mute” what he sees as a derogatory term. The numbers on those jerseys — 19 and 89 — also reflect the Native American occupation of Alcatraz, where 89 Native Americans held the island for 19 months between Nov. 1969 and Jun. 1971 — an action that helped give birth to the modern Native American civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605439\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605439 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"A white number 11 Chicago Bears jersey with the name "Capone" is strung up as part of the art installation "Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational" at Alcatraz on Tuesday, October 25, 2016. According to the artist, the smaller Capone jersey signifies that Capone's sentence, 11 years, should have been longer unlike the nonviolent drug sentences he would like to see shortened.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A white number 11 Chicago Bears jersey with the name “Capone” is strung up as part of the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational” on Alcatraz. According to the artist, the smaller Capone jersey signifies that Capone’s sentence, 11 years, should have been longer unlike the nonviolent drug sentences he would like to see shortened. \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The work also references famous Alcatraz inmates like Chicago mob boss Al Capone and Robert Stroud (better known as the Birdman of Alcatraz). Saiers says the numbers on the jerseys of bird-related teams (Eagles, Ravens, Seahawks, Cardinals, etc.) add up to 594, which was Stroud’s inmate number at Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the same vein, most of the Chicago Bears jerseys show number 85, representing Capone, who wore that number while imprisoned on Alcatraz. Saiers says this number 11 jersey with Capone’s name on the back represents the crime boss’ 11-year prison sentence for tax evasion. He says the jersey is smaller than all the others because Capone’s is an example of a sentence that should’ve been lengthened instead of shortened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605441\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605441 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"Three jerseys are strung near the ceiling as part of the art installation "Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational on Tuesday, October 25, 2016. The letters on the back of the jersey are a scrambled version of "Off with his head," a reference to the irrational sentences handed down by the Queen of Hearts in Lewis Carroll's "Alice in Wonderland."\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three jerseys are strung near the ceiling as part of the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational.” The letters on the back of the jersey are a scrambled version of “Off with his head,” a reference to the irrational sentences handed down by the Queen of Hearts in Lewis Carroll’s “Alice in Wonderland.” \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Protest art on Alcatraz\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Saiers isn’t the first artist to use Alcatraz as a platform to speak out against unfair incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in 2012, a group of Bay Area artists staged a choreographed dance film at Alcatraz called \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/52877758\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Well Contested Sites\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. They were attracted by the site’s complex history of activism and incarceration as well as its physical incongruity as both an old, decrepit prison and one of the world’s most scenic tourist attractions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What happens all too often is that these beautiful places become distant places of oppression for certain people,” says Reggie Daniels, one of several artists involved in the film who was previously incarcerated. “So while other people are experiencing the beauty, there are people who are experiencing these dreadful harms and living and suffering with a very harsh quality of life in beautiful spaces like San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/52877758\" width=\"800\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/52877758\">Well Contested Sites\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/raptproductions\">Rapt Productions\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com\">Vimeo\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most well-known recent example of art activism on Alcatraz was \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/series/ai-weiwei-on-alcatraz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>@Large\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a 2014-15 exhibition designed by the famous Chinese artist Ai Wei Wei. \u003cem>@Large \u003c/em>explored what it means to be free and was seen by nearly 900,000 people during its seven month stay on the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alcatraz is a place of protest,” says Kate Bickert, who helps run the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy’s \u003cem>Arts in the Parks\u003c/em> program. This program brought \u003cem>Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational \u003c/em>to The Rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Drawing out the meaning\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Beyond historical symbolism, Saiers has a much more practical reason for staging his piece on Alcatraz: The setting helps bring out the meaning in a work that might otherwise seem abstract and impenetrable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having the backdrop be Alcatraz would certainly point people in the direction that this is about prisons,” Saiers says. “Otherwise, you come in and see a room of football jerseys with strange numbers on it and duct tape and things like that, and you may not naturally think about prison sentences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the Alcatraz hint, some people still don’t get it. A fair number of visitors do a quick loop through the installation without really stopping. But for some people, like Galen Tom of Fairfield, the unique setting helps the work click into place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605454\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605454 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='Visitors at Alcatraz share their feelings about the art installation \"Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational.\" Rangers at Alcatraz have used the white board to provoke thought and elicit feedback from visitors on the exhibit.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors at Alcatraz share their feelings about the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational.” Rangers at Alcatraz have used the white board to provoke thought and elicit feedback from visitors on the exhibit. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the National Park Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For me, it really sends a message especially when you don’t get it at first and you think, ‘Oh, I’m in a prison and I’m going through it and these numbers represent people who have served years — some low some high — in drug related offenses,'” Tom says. “It definitely hits at home of understanding and seeing the gloom of the interior of this place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-12127869\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg\" alt=\"Q.Logo.Break\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more details about ‘Shortening on Alcatraz,’ \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/visit/art/current-exhibits/shortening-on-alcatraz.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">see here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Nelson Saiers' abstract art installation on The Rock combines football jerseys, the number Pi and prison terms to protest lengthy sentences for nonviolent offenders.",
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"title": "Alcatraz Displays Irrational Numbers & Irrationally Long Prison Sentences | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Along the left side of a cold, gray cement building on Alcatraz Island, hundreds of colorful NFL jerseys suspended on clothesline hang limp in the cold air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building is about as long as a football field. Broken windows, peeling paint and the busted out remains of what used to be toilets line the walls. It looks like the dirtiest NFL pro shop imaginable, only the jerseys aren’t for sale. They’re art.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really about shortening irrationally long prison sentences that are too often given for nonviolent minor drug crimes,” says Nelson Saiers, the New York-based artist behind \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/visit/art/current-exhibits/shortening-on-alcatraz.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational\u003c/a>, \u003c/em>currently on display on Alcatraz through Sunday, Feb. 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/302155438″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/302155438″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The exhibition starts in the corner of the New Industries Building with a giant white “3” on a green piece of synthetic turf suspended from the ceiling. From there, the jerseys wind throughout the building, with the numbers on the back spelling out the first several hundred digits of the number pi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Pi is what’s called an irrational number which means it never ends nor repeats,” says the 41-year-old Saiers, who earned a Ph.D. in mathematics at the age of 23 and ran a hedge fund before becoming a full-time artist. “Now the way to turn it into a rational number is to shorten it. So that’s a very good metaphor for what needs to be done to these irrational prison sentences.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/3OcZYZTS6q8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/3OcZYZTS6q8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch3>Inspired by news headlines\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Saiers’ process began with the news of the death of Freddie Gray, a black man in Baltimore, who died while in police custody in the spring of 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The incident provoked a discussion between Saiers and a friend about the ongoing issues between communities of color and police departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And he said, ‘Well the number one thing they gotta get rid of is football numbers because it’s destroying families,” Saiers says of that conversation. “It’s destroying entire communities.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saiers’ friend told him that “football numbers” referred to double-digit prison sentences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It comes from the idea that if you get 30 years or 44 years or 25 years, it’s a number that looks like a number on a football jersey,” Saiers says. “So the football jerseys hanging in the room point to that expression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>California’s stance on long prison sentences\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many of those double-digit sentences for nonviolent drug crimes date back to tough on crime laws like California’s 1994 “Three Strikes” Law, which established mandatory long prison sentences for repeat offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those sentences have become less common in recent years. Two recent ballot measures — 2012’s Proposition 36 and 2014’s Proposition 47 — as well as Governor Jerry Brown’s prison realignment plan passed in 2011, were all designed in part to reduce the kinds of long prison terms Saiers protests in his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2012/11/12/prop-36-may-release-felons-from-prison-but-how-many/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 36\u003c/a> amended the 1994 Three Strikes Law to establish more lenient sentencing for nonviolent offenders, and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/08/22/proposition-47-gives-former-felons-a-new-chance/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 47\u003c/a> reclassified some nonviolent drug offenses from felonies down to misdemeanors. Both measures included opportunities for offenders already behind bars to appeal and potentially reduce their current sentences. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/29/five-years-later-many-see-criminal-justice-realignment-as-success/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Realignment\u003c/a> called for moving some nonviolent offenders, including those with drug convictions, out of state prisons and into county jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605440\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605440 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt='A football jersey is strung on hemp rope as part of the art installation \"Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational\" on Tuesday, November 15, 2016. The hemp rope alludes to minor drug offenses such as marijuana possession that the artist says too often result in unnecessarily long prison sentences.' width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23531_DSC_9884-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A football jersey is strung on hemp rope as part of the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational”. The hemp rope alludes to minor drug offenses such as marijuana possession that the artist says too often result in unnecessarily long prison sentences. \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But even with all of that progress — plus the possibility of even more reduced sentences after the passage last November of \u003ca href=\"http://elections.kqed.org/article/11076610/6-ways-recreational-pot-would-change-california-and-7-ways-it-wouldnt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proposition 64\u003c/a> legalizing recreational marijuana — this is not a settled issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While those changes have happened and continue to happen, you will still find people in state prison who are serving long sentences, life sentences,” says Krissi Khokhobashvili, spokeswoman for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The many layers of \u003cem>Shortening\u003c/em>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The complexities of Saiers’ artwork go beyond football jerseys and the number pi. For example, the piece also relates to the storied history of Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605438\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605438 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt='Black duct tape covers up the term \"Redskins\" on a football jersey at the art installation \"Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational\" on Tuesday, November 15, 2016. The artist says he used the duct tape to mute what he views as a derogatory term towards Native Americans.' width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23526_DSC_9849-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Black duct tape covers up the term “Redskins” on a football jersey at the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational”. The artist says he used the duct tape to mute what he views as a derogatory term towards Native Americans. \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Saiers repeatedly pays homage in the exhibition to the Native American presence on The Rock. He put duct tape over jerseys emblazoned with the word “Redskins” to “mute” what he sees as a derogatory term. The numbers on those jerseys — 19 and 89 — also reflect the Native American occupation of Alcatraz, where 89 Native Americans held the island for 19 months between Nov. 1969 and Jun. 1971 — an action that helped give birth to the modern Native American civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605439\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605439 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"A white number 11 Chicago Bears jersey with the name "Capone" is strung up as part of the art installation "Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational" at Alcatraz on Tuesday, October 25, 2016. According to the artist, the smaller Capone jersey signifies that Capone's sentence, 11 years, should have been longer unlike the nonviolent drug sentences he would like to see shortened.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23522_DSC_9799-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A white number 11 Chicago Bears jersey with the name “Capone” is strung up as part of the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational” on Alcatraz. According to the artist, the smaller Capone jersey signifies that Capone’s sentence, 11 years, should have been longer unlike the nonviolent drug sentences he would like to see shortened. \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The work also references famous Alcatraz inmates like Chicago mob boss Al Capone and Robert Stroud (better known as the Birdman of Alcatraz). Saiers says the numbers on the jerseys of bird-related teams (Eagles, Ravens, Seahawks, Cardinals, etc.) add up to 594, which was Stroud’s inmate number at Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the same vein, most of the Chicago Bears jerseys show number 85, representing Capone, who wore that number while imprisoned on Alcatraz. Saiers says this number 11 jersey with Capone’s name on the back represents the crime boss’ 11-year prison sentence for tax evasion. He says the jersey is smaller than all the others because Capone’s is an example of a sentence that should’ve been lengthened instead of shortened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605441\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605441 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-800x530.jpg\" alt=\"Three jerseys are strung near the ceiling as part of the art installation "Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational on Tuesday, October 25, 2016. The letters on the back of the jersey are a scrambled version of "Off with his head," a reference to the irrational sentences handed down by the Queen of Hearts in Lewis Carroll's "Alice in Wonderland."\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-800x530.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-768x509.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-1020x676.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-1180x782.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-960x636.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-240x159.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-375x248.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23534_DSC_9792-qut-520x345.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Three jerseys are strung near the ceiling as part of the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational.” The letters on the back of the jersey are a scrambled version of “Off with his head,” a reference to the irrational sentences handed down by the Queen of Hearts in Lewis Carroll’s “Alice in Wonderland.” \u003ccite>(Photo: Ryan Levi/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Protest art on Alcatraz\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Saiers isn’t the first artist to use Alcatraz as a platform to speak out against unfair incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in 2012, a group of Bay Area artists staged a choreographed dance film at Alcatraz called \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/52877758\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>Well Contested Sites\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. They were attracted by the site’s complex history of activism and incarceration as well as its physical incongruity as both an old, decrepit prison and one of the world’s most scenic tourist attractions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What happens all too often is that these beautiful places become distant places of oppression for certain people,” says Reggie Daniels, one of several artists involved in the film who was previously incarcerated. “So while other people are experiencing the beauty, there are people who are experiencing these dreadful harms and living and suffering with a very harsh quality of life in beautiful spaces like San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://player.vimeo.com/video/52877758\" width=\"800\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"500\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/52877758\">Well Contested Sites\u003c/a> from \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com/raptproductions\">Rapt Productions\u003c/a> on \u003ca href=\"https://vimeo.com\">Vimeo\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most well-known recent example of art activism on Alcatraz was \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/series/ai-weiwei-on-alcatraz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cem>@Large\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a 2014-15 exhibition designed by the famous Chinese artist Ai Wei Wei. \u003cem>@Large \u003c/em>explored what it means to be free and was seen by nearly 900,000 people during its seven month stay on the island.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alcatraz is a place of protest,” says Kate Bickert, who helps run the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy’s \u003cem>Arts in the Parks\u003c/em> program. This program brought \u003cem>Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational \u003c/em>to The Rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Drawing out the meaning\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Beyond historical symbolism, Saiers has a much more practical reason for staging his piece on Alcatraz: The setting helps bring out the meaning in a work that might otherwise seem abstract and impenetrable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having the backdrop be Alcatraz would certainly point people in the direction that this is about prisons,” Saiers says. “Otherwise, you come in and see a room of football jerseys with strange numbers on it and duct tape and things like that, and you may not naturally think about prison sentences.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the Alcatraz hint, some people still don’t get it. A fair number of visitors do a quick loop through the installation without really stopping. But for some people, like Galen Tom of Fairfield, the unique setting helps the work click into place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12605454\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12605454 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt='Visitors at Alcatraz share their feelings about the art installation \"Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational.\" Rangers at Alcatraz have used the white board to provoke thought and elicit feedback from visitors on the exhibit.' width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2017/01/RS23533_White-Board-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Visitors at Alcatraz share their feelings about the art installation “Shortening: Making the Irrational Rational.” Rangers at Alcatraz have used the white board to provoke thought and elicit feedback from visitors on the exhibit. \u003ccite>(Photo: Courtesy of the National Park Service)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For me, it really sends a message especially when you don’t get it at first and you think, ‘Oh, I’m in a prison and I’m going through it and these numbers represent people who have served years — some low some high — in drug related offenses,'” Tom says. “It definitely hits at home of understanding and seeing the gloom of the interior of this place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-12127869\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg\" alt=\"Q.Logo.Break\" width=\"800\" height=\"78\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-400x39.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/09/Q.Logo_.Break_-768x75.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more details about ‘Shortening on Alcatraz,’ \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/visit/art/current-exhibits/shortening-on-alcatraz.html?referrer=https://www.google.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">see here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"headTitle": "Obama Just Expanded Protections Along California’s Coast — Can Trump Undo Them? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In what is likely Barack Obama’s final environmental action before Donald Trump moves into the White House, the president has just expanded the existing \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/nlcs_web/sites/ca/st/en/prog/nlcs/California_Coastal_NM.html\">California Coastal National Monument\u003c/a> — adding a mix of lighthouses, rocky outcroppings, stands of redwoods and significant Native American grounds that will be knitted into the existing federal preserve on and off the coast from Humboldt County to Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move was applauded by environmentalists who feel a greater urgency to shore up conservation gains before the Obama administration is ushered out. Given the general anti-environmental tenor in Congress, and the Trump administration’s uncertain and unexpressed view on conservation issues, some groups saw the announcement as important not so much because it afforded the California sites protection from encroaching development, but because those areas would be spared from a questionable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally, monument designations or other categories of protection aim to shield special places from more imminent threats such as energy exploration, logging or other commercial development. In the case of the California additions, there were few such threats. The fear here was of the unknown — that the desirable coastal land could have eventually been yanked away from federal managers and placed in the hands of those willing to sacrifice its environmental and cultural value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The great thing is that this ensures that these areas remain part of the public lands system,” said Dan Smuts, senior director of the Pacific region for the Wilderness Society. “It precludes the government disposing of these lands. Given that they are small, scattered parcels along the coast, they are supremely valuable, and it’s important that they be kept in the public estate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11268003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11268003\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-800x520.jpg\" alt=\"The Cotoni-Coast Dairies site in Santa Cruz County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"520\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-800x520.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-1020x662.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-1180x766.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-960x624.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-240x156.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-375x244.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-520x338.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Cotoni-Coast Dairies site in Santa Cruz County. \u003ccite>(BLM file photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Western conservatives have been increasingly pressing the federal government to surrender lands it now owns, and the Republican-controlled Congress has taken up the campaign. On the first day back in session earlier this month, the House \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/01/03/house-gop-rules-change-would-make-it-easier-to-sell-off-federal-land/?utm_term=.487b86a8799d\">made it easier to transfer federal land\u003c/a> to states or local entities by overturning a rule requiring a calculation of the value of federal land before such a transfer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A host of legislators in the intermountain West, led by Utah Gov. Gary Herbert, have long been clamoring for U.S. land management agencies to cede control of federal land to states, which bridle at being managed from Washington. The federal government is the West’s biggest landlord, and the idea of wresting control of vast tracts of deserts and forests is an enduring and uniquely Western motif.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Our coast belongs to all Californians, and preserving its scenic beauty and biodiversity is crucial for California’s climate and economic future.’\u003ccite>Sarah Rose, California League of Conservation Voters\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As a candidate, Trump spent scant time discussing public lands issues, which would understandably be unfamiliar to a lifelong New Yorker. Trump’s home state contains less than 1 percent federal land. By comparison, nearly 48 percent of the land in California is held by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as Trump’s personal conservation views are something of a cipher, activists worry that partisanship in Washington could drown out support for even the most laudable projects. Land conservation has historically been somewhat sheltered from the partisan ideology that surrounds other environmental issues, but an anti-government groundswell has made compromise on federal land protections more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an ideological opposition to the federal government owning and managing even an acre of land,” Smuts said. “We are clear-eyed that it will be difficult to make conservation gains in this administration and this Congress. But in my time I have seen the pendulum swing from pro-conservation administrations and back. We have been successful in getting important areas protected under Democrats and Republicans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groups lined up Thursday to praise Obama, and to cast a wary glance at the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11268006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11268006\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The Lost Coast Headlands in Humboldt County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lost Coast Headlands in Humboldt County. \u003ccite>(BLMCalifornia/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our coast belongs to all Californians and preserving its scenic beauty and biodiversity is crucial for California’s climate and economic future,” said California League of Conservation Voters CEO Sarah Rose in a statement. “With the new presidential administration about to take office, it is crucial we act to make certain our magnificent landscapes and wildlife continue to belong to all of us now, and for generations to come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama’s proclamation not only adds 6,200 acres to the existing monument, it significantly amplifies the protections afforded the new sites, which will be managed by the federal Bureau of Land Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama made the addition by using the Antiquities Act, which allows the president to set aside tracts of federal land or significant places for protection, without the consent of Congress. That 1906 law — which gives the executive authority to bypass Congress — has in recent years enraged some Republicans, who see it as a cudgel and frequently characterize its use as “federal land grabs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike executive orders, which can be undone with the stroke of a presidential pen, monument designations cannot be rescinded by a successor. While some in Washington believe Congress has the right to claw back the decisions, there has not yet been a legal challenge to a presidential monument proclamation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”fMnrFkyHLBgA2iSNeGtY10xBBs2EO8tb”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could change under a Trump administration. Among the bills taking aim at the Antiquities Act is one proffered this month by Sen. Lisa Murkowski, a Republican from Alaska. The proposal, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/republican-news?ID=4665A6D3-568B-4537-A504-F43C01BC6FBD\">Improved National Monument Designation Process Act\u003c/a>, would require future national monuments receive approval not only from Congress before designation, but also from the legislature in the state or states affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the other monument designations made Thursday were three historically significant civil rights sites in Alabama and South Carolina, as well as an expansion of the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument in Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservation groups in California had long campaigned for adding the sites to the monument, which was first established in 2000 and expanded by Obama in 2014. That cause was championed by Democratic Sen. Barbara Boxer, whose bill to expand the monument stalled before her retirement this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coastal monument is a unique preserve, encompassing rocks and small islands critical for marine species, and historic and cultural sites on beaches and headlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites added are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Trinidad Head (Humboldt County) — a 60-acre headland reaching into Trinidad Harbor, with a historic lighthouse.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The Lost Coast Headlands (Humboldt County) — a former Navy installation on coastal bluffs that provide plant and wildlife habitat.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Waluplh-Lighthouse Ranch (Humboldt County) — site of a former 19\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century lighthouse with views of the Eel River Delta, the Pacific and parts of Humboldt Bay.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Cotoni-Coast Dairies (Santa Cruz County) — a former dairy and industrial site that is now habitat for rare animals. The waters are home to whales and other marine mammals.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Piedras Blancas (San Luis Obispo County) — a historic lighthouse and an area with cultural significance to the Chumash and Salinan tribes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Rocks and islands (Orange County) — formations that provide roosting habitat for sea birds and “haul-out” or resting areas for seals and sea lions.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The first land-based expansion of the California Coastal National Monument came in 2014, when Obama included what came to be called \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/nlcs_web/sites/style/medialib/blm/ca/nlcs/California_Coastal_NM/docs.Par.93458.File.dat/Proclamation%209089.pdf\">Point Arena-Stornetta Public Lands\u003c/a>, about 1,665 acres north of the town of Point Arena in Mendocino County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit media venture explaining California’s policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The expansion of the California Coastal National Monument, lauded by environmentalists, includes significant Native American grounds.",
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"title": "Obama Just Expanded Protections Along California's Coast -- Can Trump Undo Them? | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/julie-cart/\">Julie Cart\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In what is likely Barack Obama’s final environmental action before Donald Trump moves into the White House, the president has just expanded the existing \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/nlcs_web/sites/ca/st/en/prog/nlcs/California_Coastal_NM.html\">California Coastal National Monument\u003c/a> — adding a mix of lighthouses, rocky outcroppings, stands of redwoods and significant Native American grounds that will be knitted into the existing federal preserve on and off the coast from Humboldt County to Orange County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move was applauded by environmentalists who feel a greater urgency to shore up conservation gains before the Obama administration is ushered out. Given the general anti-environmental tenor in Congress, and the Trump administration’s uncertain and unexpressed view on conservation issues, some groups saw the announcement as important not so much because it afforded the California sites protection from encroaching development, but because those areas would be spared from a questionable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally, monument designations or other categories of protection aim to shield special places from more imminent threats such as energy exploration, logging or other commercial development. In the case of the California additions, there were few such threats. The fear here was of the unknown — that the desirable coastal land could have eventually been yanked away from federal managers and placed in the hands of those willing to sacrifice its environmental and cultural value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The great thing is that this ensures that these areas remain part of the public lands system,” said Dan Smuts, senior director of the Pacific region for the Wilderness Society. “It precludes the government disposing of these lands. Given that they are small, scattered parcels along the coast, they are supremely valuable, and it’s important that they be kept in the public estate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11268003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11268003\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-800x520.jpg\" alt=\"The Cotoni-Coast Dairies site in Santa Cruz County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"520\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-800x520.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-1020x662.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-1180x766.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-960x624.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-240x156.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-375x244.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/CoastDairies-520x338.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Cotoni-Coast Dairies site in Santa Cruz County. \u003ccite>(BLM file photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Western conservatives have been increasingly pressing the federal government to surrender lands it now owns, and the Republican-controlled Congress has taken up the campaign. On the first day back in session earlier this month, the House \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/01/03/house-gop-rules-change-would-make-it-easier-to-sell-off-federal-land/?utm_term=.487b86a8799d\">made it easier to transfer federal land\u003c/a> to states or local entities by overturning a rule requiring a calculation of the value of federal land before such a transfer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A host of legislators in the intermountain West, led by Utah Gov. Gary Herbert, have long been clamoring for U.S. land management agencies to cede control of federal land to states, which bridle at being managed from Washington. The federal government is the West’s biggest landlord, and the idea of wresting control of vast tracts of deserts and forests is an enduring and uniquely Western motif.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Our coast belongs to all Californians, and preserving its scenic beauty and biodiversity is crucial for California’s climate and economic future.’\u003ccite>Sarah Rose, California League of Conservation Voters\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As a candidate, Trump spent scant time discussing public lands issues, which would understandably be unfamiliar to a lifelong New Yorker. Trump’s home state contains less than 1 percent federal land. By comparison, nearly 48 percent of the land in California is held by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even as Trump’s personal conservation views are something of a cipher, activists worry that partisanship in Washington could drown out support for even the most laudable projects. Land conservation has historically been somewhat sheltered from the partisan ideology that surrounds other environmental issues, but an anti-government groundswell has made compromise on federal land protections more difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an ideological opposition to the federal government owning and managing even an acre of land,” Smuts said. “We are clear-eyed that it will be difficult to make conservation gains in this administration and this Congress. But in my time I have seen the pendulum swing from pro-conservation administrations and back. We have been successful in getting important areas protected under Democrats and Republicans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groups lined up Thursday to praise Obama, and to cast a wary glance at the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11268006\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11268006\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The Lost Coast Headlands in Humboldt County.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/LostCoastHeadlands-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Lost Coast Headlands in Humboldt County. \u003ccite>(BLMCalifornia/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our coast belongs to all Californians and preserving its scenic beauty and biodiversity is crucial for California’s climate and economic future,” said California League of Conservation Voters CEO Sarah Rose in a statement. “With the new presidential administration about to take office, it is crucial we act to make certain our magnificent landscapes and wildlife continue to belong to all of us now, and for generations to come.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama’s proclamation not only adds 6,200 acres to the existing monument, it significantly amplifies the protections afforded the new sites, which will be managed by the federal Bureau of Land Management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama made the addition by using the Antiquities Act, which allows the president to set aside tracts of federal land or significant places for protection, without the consent of Congress. That 1906 law — which gives the executive authority to bypass Congress — has in recent years enraged some Republicans, who see it as a cudgel and frequently characterize its use as “federal land grabs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike executive orders, which can be undone with the stroke of a presidential pen, monument designations cannot be rescinded by a successor. While some in Washington believe Congress has the right to claw back the decisions, there has not yet been a legal challenge to a presidential monument proclamation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That could change under a Trump administration. Among the bills taking aim at the Antiquities Act is one proffered this month by Sen. Lisa Murkowski, a Republican from Alaska. The proposal, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/republican-news?ID=4665A6D3-568B-4537-A504-F43C01BC6FBD\">Improved National Monument Designation Process Act\u003c/a>, would require future national monuments receive approval not only from Congress before designation, but also from the legislature in the state or states affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the other monument designations made Thursday were three historically significant civil rights sites in Alabama and South Carolina, as well as an expansion of the Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument in Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conservation groups in California had long campaigned for adding the sites to the monument, which was first established in 2000 and expanded by Obama in 2014. That cause was championed by Democratic Sen. Barbara Boxer, whose bill to expand the monument stalled before her retirement this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coastal monument is a unique preserve, encompassing rocks and small islands critical for marine species, and historic and cultural sites on beaches and headlands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sites added are:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Trinidad Head (Humboldt County) — a 60-acre headland reaching into Trinidad Harbor, with a historic lighthouse.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The Lost Coast Headlands (Humboldt County) — a former Navy installation on coastal bluffs that provide plant and wildlife habitat.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Waluplh-Lighthouse Ranch (Humboldt County) — site of a former 19\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century lighthouse with views of the Eel River Delta, the Pacific and parts of Humboldt Bay.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Cotoni-Coast Dairies (Santa Cruz County) — a former dairy and industrial site that is now habitat for rare animals. The waters are home to whales and other marine mammals.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Piedras Blancas (San Luis Obispo County) — a historic lighthouse and an area with cultural significance to the Chumash and Salinan tribes.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Rocks and islands (Orange County) — formations that provide roosting habitat for sea birds and “haul-out” or resting areas for seals and sea lions.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The first land-based expansion of the California Coastal National Monument came in 2014, when Obama included what came to be called \u003ca href=\"https://www.blm.gov/nlcs_web/sites/style/medialib/blm/ca/nlcs/California_Coastal_NM/docs.Par.93458.File.dat/Proclamation%209089.pdf\">Point Arena-Stornetta Public Lands\u003c/a>, about 1,665 acres north of the town of Point Arena in Mendocino County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit media venture explaining California’s policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The price of gasoline in the Bay Area increased over the last month because of problems at the East Bay's Chevron, Shell and Phillips 66 refineries, according to a new gas survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average price of a gallon of regular unleaded gas in California is $2.81, said AAA. That's up 15 cents from a month ago. In San Francisco it's $2.94, and in San Jose and Oakland it's $2.82.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization's Fuel Gauge Report says many of California's refineries have experienced \"degrees of challenges,\" which have led to the price spike. Those challenges include flaring incidents at Chevron's Richmond refinery, the Phillips 66 facility in Rodeo and Shell's Martinez plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are an island unto ourselves as far as gas is concerned,\" AAA spokeswoman Cynthia Harris said of California's gas market. \"If there is any kind of interruption, temporary as it may be, it does affect the price of gas because there's speculation that there ... might be a reduction in the supply.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price hike highlights concerns among energy regulators and consumer advocates that California's gas market is too volatile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association did not specify which flaring incidents at local refineries directly led to gas price hikes. And representatives for the three oil companies and an industry group that represents them would not say what kind of impact the refinery problems had on operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the gas price report comes as local air regulators and Contra Costa County authorities have been investigating whether two malfunctions followed by flaring at Chevron late last month led to the release of abnormally \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/06/mysterious-s-f-odors-preceded-by-high-levels-of-toxic-gas-in-richmond/\" target=\"_blank\">high levels of hydrogen sulfide and a sulfurlike odor reported by dozens of San Franciscans\u003c/a> shortly afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"pZdUwxGlwKD6Wg6KNZGDNmOJavhYRnWx\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron would not confirm, though, that those incidents impacted its operations. \"The Richmond refinery has continued to supply its customers over the past month,\" said Braden Reddall, a company spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in late December, a part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2016/12/28/rodeo-part-of-refinery-shut-down-following-incident/\" target=\"_blank\">Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo was shut down\u003c/a>. County health officials said a problem at a plant that supplies hydrogen to the refinery caused several processing units to come to a halt. A Phillips 66 spokesman did not return a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week earlier a large portion of Shell's Martinez refinery lost power, leading to a loud flaring operation that sent flames and black smoke into the sky, and prompting an hours-long health advisory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A report by that oil company revealed that the facility -- in order to relieve pressure -- pushed close to 39,000 pounds of gas, which included hydrogen sulfide, to its flares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell spokesman Ray Fisher described that incident and another flaring operation earlier in December as minor, and did not answer questions about whether they affected work at the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The head of the industry group that represents oil companies in the area says the increase in the cost of gas is tied to issues particular to California's gas market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Recent changes in gasoline prices, while concerning for consumers, are consistent with the increased volatility that has been part of California fuel markets for the past several years,\" said Cathy Reheis-Boyd, president of the Western States Petroleum Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's high taxes and environmental regulations, as well as its unique fuel blends and isolation from other markets, make the price at the pump here more volatile, according to Reheis-Boyd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Gasoline prices are determined by market conditions, which are unpredictable and constantly changing,\" she said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's market doesn't have to be so vulnerable, according to consumer advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's part of a system that we are used to, but we shouldn't be,\" said Cody Rosenfield, a researcher at Consumer Watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small group of companies have a large amount of control over the gas market in California, according to Rosenfield, and when there's a small refinery problem, pump prices go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It causes a panic on the market, and the price just skyrockets, Rosenfield said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If just one refinery has a major problem, the wholesale price of gasoline can go up quickly, according to Severin Borenstein, a professor at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business and a researcher at the school's Energy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just the possibility of a change in price can rattle middlemen who buy gas from refineries and sell it to independent gas stations. Fearing a tighter market, those wholesale buyers quickly purchase a lot of gasoline so they don't get caught paying more later. That, in turn, causes the retail gas price to increase days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The wholesale market is going to respond to any information that suggests there might be a disruption in the future,\" said Borenstein, who also chairs the California Energy Commission's Petroleum Market Advisory Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is an ongoing concern about the fact that this market is so tight that even one refinery problem can cause the price to move quite a bit,\" Borenstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is segmented away from the rest of the nation's gasoline market because it uses a special blend that's cleaner-burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a bigger supply problem whenever we see a hiccup like this,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The price of gasoline in the Bay Area increased over the last month because of problems at the East Bay's Chevron, Shell and Phillips 66 refineries, according to a new gas survey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The average price of a gallon of regular unleaded gas in California is $2.81, said AAA. That's up 15 cents from a month ago. In San Francisco it's $2.94, and in San Jose and Oakland it's $2.82.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization's Fuel Gauge Report says many of California's refineries have experienced \"degrees of challenges,\" which have led to the price spike. Those challenges include flaring incidents at Chevron's Richmond refinery, the Phillips 66 facility in Rodeo and Shell's Martinez plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are an island unto ourselves as far as gas is concerned,\" AAA spokeswoman Cynthia Harris said of California's gas market. \"If there is any kind of interruption, temporary as it may be, it does affect the price of gas because there's speculation that there ... might be a reduction in the supply.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The price hike highlights concerns among energy regulators and consumer advocates that California's gas market is too volatile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The association did not specify which flaring incidents at local refineries directly led to gas price hikes. And representatives for the three oil companies and an industry group that represents them would not say what kind of impact the refinery problems had on operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the gas price report comes as local air regulators and Contra Costa County authorities have been investigating whether two malfunctions followed by flaring at Chevron late last month led to the release of abnormally \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/06/mysterious-s-f-odors-preceded-by-high-levels-of-toxic-gas-in-richmond/\" target=\"_blank\">high levels of hydrogen sulfide and a sulfurlike odor reported by dozens of San Franciscans\u003c/a> shortly afterward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chevron would not confirm, though, that those incidents impacted its operations. \"The Richmond refinery has continued to supply its customers over the past month,\" said Braden Reddall, a company spokesman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also in late December, a part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbaytimes.com/2016/12/28/rodeo-part-of-refinery-shut-down-following-incident/\" target=\"_blank\">Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo was shut down\u003c/a>. County health officials said a problem at a plant that supplies hydrogen to the refinery caused several processing units to come to a halt. A Phillips 66 spokesman did not return a request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week earlier a large portion of Shell's Martinez refinery lost power, leading to a loud flaring operation that sent flames and black smoke into the sky, and prompting an hours-long health advisory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A report by that oil company revealed that the facility -- in order to relieve pressure -- pushed close to 39,000 pounds of gas, which included hydrogen sulfide, to its flares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shell spokesman Ray Fisher described that incident and another flaring operation earlier in December as minor, and did not answer questions about whether they affected work at the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The head of the industry group that represents oil companies in the area says the increase in the cost of gas is tied to issues particular to California's gas market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Recent changes in gasoline prices, while concerning for consumers, are consistent with the increased volatility that has been part of California fuel markets for the past several years,\" said Cathy Reheis-Boyd, president of the Western States Petroleum Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California's high taxes and environmental regulations, as well as its unique fuel blends and isolation from other markets, make the price at the pump here more volatile, according to Reheis-Boyd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Gasoline prices are determined by market conditions, which are unpredictable and constantly changing,\" she said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state's market doesn't have to be so vulnerable, according to consumer advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's part of a system that we are used to, but we shouldn't be,\" said Cody Rosenfield, a researcher at Consumer Watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A small group of companies have a large amount of control over the gas market in California, according to Rosenfield, and when there's a small refinery problem, pump prices go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It causes a panic on the market, and the price just skyrockets, Rosenfield said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If just one refinery has a major problem, the wholesale price of gasoline can go up quickly, according to Severin Borenstein, a professor at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business and a researcher at the school's Energy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just the possibility of a change in price can rattle middlemen who buy gas from refineries and sell it to independent gas stations. Fearing a tighter market, those wholesale buyers quickly purchase a lot of gasoline so they don't get caught paying more later. That, in turn, causes the retail gas price to increase days later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The wholesale market is going to respond to any information that suggests there might be a disruption in the future,\" said Borenstein, who also chairs the California Energy Commission's Petroleum Market Advisory Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is an ongoing concern about the fact that this market is so tight that even one refinery problem can cause the price to move quite a bit,\" Borenstein said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is segmented away from the rest of the nation's gasoline market because it uses a special blend that's cleaner-burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have a bigger supply problem whenever we see a hiccup like this,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "City College of San Francisco Wins Bid to Stay Accredited",
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"content": "\u003cp>City College of San Francisco, one of the largest community colleges in the nation, won its bid on Friday to stay accredited, ending a years-long fight to stay open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school announced that the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges has reaffirmed its accreditation for seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My reaction is just real happiness for City College and our students,\" said Rafael Mandelman, president of the CCSF Board of Trustees. \"This is a tremendously great development. It means that we can focus on rebuilding. It means that we can focus our efforts on serving San Francisco better and offering classes that bring it more students. The accreditation crisis has been a tremendous strain on the college.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission had placed CCSF on its strongest \"show cause\" sanction in 2012, requiring the college to prove why it should remain open. The ACCJC, which formally revoked City College's accreditation in 2013, had focused much of its scrutiny on the school’s alleged administrative shortcomings and its financial condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This crisis did not need to happen,\" Mandelman said. \"In my view, City College in 2012 was an institution in need of reform, and it would have been completely appropriate for an accreditor to point out the areas in which City College was weak and needed to work. What was not acceptable was to threaten termination, and then a year later move forward with trying to terminate the college. And it didn’t make the process of fixing what was wrong with City College easier. I think the path that the ACCJC took in 2012 and 2013 actually made it harder to bring City College to a better place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mandelman said enrollment at CCSF has fallen dramatically -- from nearly 100,000 before the accreditation crisis began to about 65,000 now. He said the college faces a loss of approximately $35 million in state funding due to the decline in enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August 2013, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/22/sf-city-attorney-sues-CCSF/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> against the ACCJC on the grounds that it improperly sanctioned the school. The lawsuit bought the college time, and it further postponed closure through a deal with the accrediting commission in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“City College is part of the fabric of San Francisco. It provides hope, community and opportunity to anyone who needs it,\" Herrera wrote in a press release. \"I’m happy we were able to do our part to help keep the school open, and I’m thrilled this vital institution will now be able to serve its students and our city for generations to come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City College faculty union President Tim Killikelly said in a press release that the \"accreditation crisis at CCSF should never have occurred\" and \"the quality of its education was never in doubt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of us at the college are so excited and relieved that the accreditation crisis is over,\" Killikelly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently elected City College Trustee Shanell Williams was a student at the school when the crisis landed in 2012, and she spent the past four years organizing and advocating to keep it open. She said regaining the school's fully accredited status is \"a dream come true,\" while acknowledging the difficult work ahead to rebuild enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal for San Francisco to fund free tuition, currently under consideration in the city's budget, would go a long way toward that recovery, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Moving forward locally, we’ll be able to regain thousands of students that we’ve lost over the years,\" Williams said. \"We have to make sure that free CCSF becomes a reality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ted Goldberg of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>City College of San Francisco, one of the largest community colleges in the nation, won its bid on Friday to stay accredited, ending a years-long fight to stay open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school announced that the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges has reaffirmed its accreditation for seven years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My reaction is just real happiness for City College and our students,\" said Rafael Mandelman, president of the CCSF Board of Trustees. \"This is a tremendously great development. It means that we can focus on rebuilding. It means that we can focus our efforts on serving San Francisco better and offering classes that bring it more students. The accreditation crisis has been a tremendous strain on the college.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission had placed CCSF on its strongest \"show cause\" sanction in 2012, requiring the college to prove why it should remain open. The ACCJC, which formally revoked City College's accreditation in 2013, had focused much of its scrutiny on the school’s alleged administrative shortcomings and its financial condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This crisis did not need to happen,\" Mandelman said. \"In my view, City College in 2012 was an institution in need of reform, and it would have been completely appropriate for an accreditor to point out the areas in which City College was weak and needed to work. What was not acceptable was to threaten termination, and then a year later move forward with trying to terminate the college. And it didn’t make the process of fixing what was wrong with City College easier. I think the path that the ACCJC took in 2012 and 2013 actually made it harder to bring City College to a better place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mandelman said enrollment at CCSF has fallen dramatically -- from nearly 100,000 before the accreditation crisis began to about 65,000 now. He said the college faces a loss of approximately $35 million in state funding due to the decline in enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In August 2013, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2013/08/22/sf-city-attorney-sues-CCSF/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> against the ACCJC on the grounds that it improperly sanctioned the school. The lawsuit bought the college time, and it further postponed closure through a deal with the accrediting commission in 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“City College is part of the fabric of San Francisco. It provides hope, community and opportunity to anyone who needs it,\" Herrera wrote in a press release. \"I’m happy we were able to do our part to help keep the school open, and I’m thrilled this vital institution will now be able to serve its students and our city for generations to come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City College faculty union President Tim Killikelly said in a press release that the \"accreditation crisis at CCSF should never have occurred\" and \"the quality of its education was never in doubt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All of us at the college are so excited and relieved that the accreditation crisis is over,\" Killikelly said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently elected City College Trustee Shanell Williams was a student at the school when the crisis landed in 2012, and she spent the past four years organizing and advocating to keep it open. She said regaining the school's fully accredited status is \"a dream come true,\" while acknowledging the difficult work ahead to rebuild enrollment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A proposal for San Francisco to fund free tuition, currently under consideration in the city's budget, would go a long way toward that recovery, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Moving forward locally, we’ll be able to regain thousands of students that we’ve lost over the years,\" Williams said. \"We have to make sure that free CCSF becomes a reality.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ted Goldberg of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "UC Berkeley Study Predicts Positive Economic Benefit From California's Minimum Wage Increases",
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"content": "\u003cp>Are minimum wage increases good for the economy on the whole or bad?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting an accurate, nuanced answer to that question is no easy task. There are all sorts of factors. Higher wages could incentivize businesses to automate jobs and lay off workers. They could also prompt companies to raise prices, which could turn off customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other side of the equation, higher wages mean more money in the pockets of low-income workers, who could then spend more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://irle.berkeley.edu/effects-of-a-15-minimum-wage-in-california-and-fresno/\" target=\"_blank\">A new study\u003c/a> by UC Berkeley’s Institute for Research on Labor and Employment crunches the numbers for a bunch of these factors to try to predict the impacts of California's rising minimum wage, which will gradually increase to $15 per hour over the next six years. The study's authors came to two major conclusions: The state's higher wages will lead to large increases in pay for workers, and they will not result in major job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Reich is a co-author of the paper, which focuses on data in Fresno County, a relatively poor area of the state. “I find that the effects that would be negative -- raising prices somewhat, negative effects on employment, more automation -- are countervailed by increased purchasing power that workers have,” Reich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Irvine economist David Neumark is skeptical about the UC Berkeley study. “It is clear from the many studies the Berkeley economists put out on predicted effects of minimum wages in the state, and in California cities, that they are picking assumptions that lead to favorable outcomes and minimize adverse consequences,” Neumark said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study does back up what CEO Bill Phelps is noticing at his fast-food chain, Wetzel’s Pretzels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phelps says the minimum wage increases have been great for his business because low-wage workers have more money to spend to buy pretzels. Sure, Phelps says the company has increased prices slightly, but he says any fall in demand for his products because of rising prices has been far outweighed by the extra business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/03/minimum-wage-goes-up-and-so-does-business-thats-what-this-fast-food-ceo-says-happened/\" target=\"_blank\">You can read more here\u003c/a> about what the CEO and franchise owners of Wetzel’s Pretzels are seeing happen at their stores.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reich said more than 5 million Californians will receive a raise through the state’s incremental increases in the minimum wage. Some economists fear that businesses will have to hike prices to pay their employees more, which could lead to fewer sales and then layoffs or job automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reich and his colleagues calculated that price increases will generally be small and not have a major impact on sales. “A 99-cent burger might go up by a nickel if the minimum wage goes up from $10 to $15 over a five- or six-year period,” Reich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the kind of small price increase that's happening at Wetzel’s Pretzels, and CEO Bill Phelps says it has not hampered the sales bump that happens each time the state raises the minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Berkeley study is predictive, suggesting the economic effects in California in the years to come. The state is on track to arrive at a $15 minimum wage by 2023. And as those wages go up, economists will have more and more data to see if the predictions in the study actually come true.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Are minimum wage increases good for the economy on the whole or bad?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting an accurate, nuanced answer to that question is no easy task. There are all sorts of factors. Higher wages could incentivize businesses to automate jobs and lay off workers. They could also prompt companies to raise prices, which could turn off customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other side of the equation, higher wages mean more money in the pockets of low-income workers, who could then spend more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://irle.berkeley.edu/effects-of-a-15-minimum-wage-in-california-and-fresno/\" target=\"_blank\">A new study\u003c/a> by UC Berkeley’s Institute for Research on Labor and Employment crunches the numbers for a bunch of these factors to try to predict the impacts of California's rising minimum wage, which will gradually increase to $15 per hour over the next six years. The study's authors came to two major conclusions: The state's higher wages will lead to large increases in pay for workers, and they will not result in major job losses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Reich is a co-author of the paper, which focuses on data in Fresno County, a relatively poor area of the state. “I find that the effects that would be negative -- raising prices somewhat, negative effects on employment, more automation -- are countervailed by increased purchasing power that workers have,” Reich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Irvine economist David Neumark is skeptical about the UC Berkeley study. “It is clear from the many studies the Berkeley economists put out on predicted effects of minimum wages in the state, and in California cities, that they are picking assumptions that lead to favorable outcomes and minimize adverse consequences,” Neumark said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study does back up what CEO Bill Phelps is noticing at his fast-food chain, Wetzel’s Pretzels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phelps says the minimum wage increases have been great for his business because low-wage workers have more money to spend to buy pretzels. Sure, Phelps says the company has increased prices slightly, but he says any fall in demand for his products because of rising prices has been far outweighed by the extra business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/03/minimum-wage-goes-up-and-so-does-business-thats-what-this-fast-food-ceo-says-happened/\" target=\"_blank\">You can read more here\u003c/a> about what the CEO and franchise owners of Wetzel’s Pretzels are seeing happen at their stores.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reich said more than 5 million Californians will receive a raise through the state’s incremental increases in the minimum wage. Some economists fear that businesses will have to hike prices to pay their employees more, which could lead to fewer sales and then layoffs or job automation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reich and his colleagues calculated that price increases will generally be small and not have a major impact on sales. “A 99-cent burger might go up by a nickel if the minimum wage goes up from $10 to $15 over a five- or six-year period,” Reich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the kind of small price increase that's happening at Wetzel’s Pretzels, and CEO Bill Phelps says it has not hampered the sales bump that happens each time the state raises the minimum wage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Berkeley study is predictive, suggesting the economic effects in California in the years to come. The state is on track to arrive at a $15 minimum wage by 2023. And as those wages go up, economists will have more and more data to see if the predictions in the study actually come true.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "S.F. Police Shooting Wounded Man in Apparent Psychiatric Crisis; Body-Camera Footage Withheld",
"title": "S.F. Police Shooting Wounded Man in Apparent Psychiatric Crisis; Body-Camera Footage Withheld",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>A man shot and critically injured after fighting with San Francisco police officers last week had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, according to members of his family who are questioning whether police followed new SFPD policies designed to de-escalate encounters with people in psychiatric crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two as-yet-unidentified officers responded to Sean Moore's residence in the city's Ocean View neighborhood just before 4 a.m. on Jan. 6 after a neighbor called 911 and reported Moore was banging on the wall and violating a restraining order, police officials said at a town hall meeting on the incident Thursday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD Cmdr. Greg McEachern said both officers' body cameras were active throughout the encounter. The department is not releasing the footage at this time, citing open investigations into the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore was initially agitated and shouted profanities at the officers from behind a locked gate, McEachern said. He retreated into his house, then re-emerged and continued to yell, approaching the officers on a stairway outside the front door. He snatched the restraining order from one officer, and his partner deployed pepper spray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At that time, Mr. Moore kicked one of the officers in the face,\" McEachern said, and Moore retreated back into his house. The officers left the stairway and called for an ambulance to treat for pepper spray and the officer's face injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The officers tried to arrest Moore when he again came outside a short time later, and one officer hit him with a baton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Moore then stood up, turned, he punched one officer in the face, knocking him off the stairs to the sidewalk,\" McEachern said. \"Mr. Moore then advanced at the second officer, who fired his weapon as he was falling off the steps.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interim Police Chief Toney Chaplin said both officers suffered facial injuries in the incident that caused them to \"bleed profusely\" at the scene. Both were treated for non-life-threatening injuries and released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11267862\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11267862\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-800x752.jpg\" alt=\"Sean Moore\" width=\"800\" height=\"752\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-800x752.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-160x150.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-1020x959.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-1180x1109.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-960x903.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-240x226.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-375x353.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-520x489.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean Moore \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kenneth Blackmon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moore again went back into his home and called 911, reporting he'd been shot. He was bleeding inside for more than an hour before police entered the home, and he was arrested and taken to San Francisco General Hospital, McEachern said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Moore's mother, Cleo Moore, said she received an early-morning call from the same neighbor who called police, informing her that her son was about to be arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband rushed from their home just across San Francisco's southern border in Daly City. She said she arrived to a scene crawling with police sometime around 4 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I begged, please don't hurt my son, but little did I know, he had already been shot,\" she said. \"And they would not allow us, I said, we can help. We can diffuse the situation if you just give his father the opportunity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleo Moore said she had not been allowed to see her son, but learned about his condition through contacts at the hospital from her 40-year career as a nurse there. She said he had been shot in the stomach and groin and suffered damage to his liver and colon. He had undergone abdominal surgery and was reportedly conscious as of Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's not an animal, he's a person with a mental condition,\" she said, \"and I don't think that he deserved to have been shot in his own home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shooting raised questions for Moore's family and their supporters about the department's adherence to a series of new policies aimed at reducing police shootings of people in psychiatric crisis, which account for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/09/30/half-of-those-killed-by-san-francisco-police-are-mentally-ill/\" target=\"_blank\">about half of all fatal officer-involved\u003c/a> shootings in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city Police Commission passed a new use-of-force policy in December that emphasizes fostering \"time and distance\" when possible, especially when a suspect appears mentally disturbed and is not a danger to anyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission also codified in December SFPD's long effort to build a specialized team of officers -- called a Crisis Intervention Team -- to respond to calls involving psychiatric crises. While the Police Department has sent over 400 officers to the weeklong course, it has struggled to ensure those officers are dispatched to the calls that need their specialized skill set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interim Police Chief Chaplin said neither of the two initial responding officers had received the specialized training beyond the course they take at the police academy, which is among the most comprehensive in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said updating police dispatch information, so that officers might know if they're responding to an address of someone known to have mental illness, is a work in progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're working on it with our Department of Emergency Management now to put that protocol in place where we can flag those addresses,\" Chaplin said. \"There's some significant hurdles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours of the shooting, the police officers' union put out a statement blaming it on the new use-of-force policy's prohibition of the carotid, or \"sleeper-hold,\" restraint and the city's repeated refusal to equip officers with Taser stun guns. The union is suing the city in an attempt to overturn parts of the new use-of-force policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neighborhood resident Mary Harris advocated for Tasers at the town hall meeting, to which many in the room responded with shouts of \"No Tasers!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Moore's brother, Kenneth Blackmon, said he didn't think the electronic stun guns were an appropriate solution. He said his brother's illness could agitate him and lead him to \"mouth off,\" but that he did not have a tendency toward violence, an account echoed by Moore's neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know my brother, and I know the police would be agitating to him based on his history,\" he said. \"But I just don't see why -- no public safety was at risk. No one was in jeopardy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD's \u003ca href=\"http://sanfranciscopolice.org/sites/default/files/Documents/PoliceDocuments/DepartmentGeneralOrders/SFPD-DGO10.11-Body%20Worn%20Cameras.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">body-camera policy\u003c/a>, enacted last summer, says: \"The San Francisco Police Department's goal is to release [body-worn camera] recordings to the greatest extent possible,\" but it makes exceptions for open investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protocols have not been tested, according to SFPD spokesman David Stevenson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know it's interesting, given that we've been utilizing body-worn cameras for several months now. We're still going to see how that works out,\" he said of the video's potential release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police said Moore faces charges for aggravated assault on a police officer. If the charges are pursued, the body-camera video could be made public through the court proceedings, as happened in a recent case involving the BART Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blackmon, who said he's worked as a counselor for the San Francisco Juvenile Probation Department for about 20 years, said the incident had shaken his view of the Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm conflicted as far as what I do and what they're supposed to be doing,\" Blackmon said. \"It's conflicting for me because I thought the role of the police was to protect and serve, not shoot and kill, and you could have easily backed off.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A man shot and critically injured after fighting with San Francisco police officers last week had been diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia, according to members of his family who are questioning whether police followed new SFPD policies designed to de-escalate encounters with people in psychiatric crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two as-yet-unidentified officers responded to Sean Moore's residence in the city's Ocean View neighborhood just before 4 a.m. on Jan. 6 after a neighbor called 911 and reported Moore was banging on the wall and violating a restraining order, police officials said at a town hall meeting on the incident Thursday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD Cmdr. Greg McEachern said both officers' body cameras were active throughout the encounter. The department is not releasing the footage at this time, citing open investigations into the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore was initially agitated and shouted profanities at the officers from behind a locked gate, McEachern said. He retreated into his house, then re-emerged and continued to yell, approaching the officers on a stairway outside the front door. He snatched the restraining order from one officer, and his partner deployed pepper spray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At that time, Mr. Moore kicked one of the officers in the face,\" McEachern said, and Moore retreated back into his house. The officers left the stairway and called for an ambulance to treat for pepper spray and the officer's face injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The officers tried to arrest Moore when he again came outside a short time later, and one officer hit him with a baton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mr. Moore then stood up, turned, he punched one officer in the face, knocking him off the stairs to the sidewalk,\" McEachern said. \"Mr. Moore then advanced at the second officer, who fired his weapon as he was falling off the steps.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interim Police Chief Toney Chaplin said both officers suffered facial injuries in the incident that caused them to \"bleed profusely\" at the scene. Both were treated for non-life-threatening injuries and released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11267862\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11267862\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-800x752.jpg\" alt=\"Sean Moore\" width=\"800\" height=\"752\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-800x752.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-160x150.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-1020x959.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-1180x1109.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-960x903.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-240x226.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-375x353.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/01/RS23580_1470-qut-520x489.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sean Moore \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Kenneth Blackmon)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moore again went back into his home and called 911, reporting he'd been shot. He was bleeding inside for more than an hour before police entered the home, and he was arrested and taken to San Francisco General Hospital, McEachern said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Moore's mother, Cleo Moore, said she received an early-morning call from the same neighbor who called police, informing her that her son was about to be arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and her husband rushed from their home just across San Francisco's southern border in Daly City. She said she arrived to a scene crawling with police sometime around 4 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I begged, please don't hurt my son, but little did I know, he had already been shot,\" she said. \"And they would not allow us, I said, we can help. We can diffuse the situation if you just give his father the opportunity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleo Moore said she had not been allowed to see her son, but learned about his condition through contacts at the hospital from her 40-year career as a nurse there. She said he had been shot in the stomach and groin and suffered damage to his liver and colon. He had undergone abdominal surgery and was reportedly conscious as of Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He's not an animal, he's a person with a mental condition,\" she said, \"and I don't think that he deserved to have been shot in his own home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shooting raised questions for Moore's family and their supporters about the department's adherence to a series of new policies aimed at reducing police shootings of people in psychiatric crisis, which account for \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/09/30/half-of-those-killed-by-san-francisco-police-are-mentally-ill/\" target=\"_blank\">about half of all fatal officer-involved\u003c/a> shootings in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city Police Commission passed a new use-of-force policy in December that emphasizes fostering \"time and distance\" when possible, especially when a suspect appears mentally disturbed and is not a danger to anyone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The commission also codified in December SFPD's long effort to build a specialized team of officers -- called a Crisis Intervention Team -- to respond to calls involving psychiatric crises. While the Police Department has sent over 400 officers to the weeklong course, it has struggled to ensure those officers are dispatched to the calls that need their specialized skill set.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interim Police Chief Chaplin said neither of the two initial responding officers had received the specialized training beyond the course they take at the police academy, which is among the most comprehensive in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said updating police dispatch information, so that officers might know if they're responding to an address of someone known to have mental illness, is a work in progress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're working on it with our Department of Emergency Management now to put that protocol in place where we can flag those addresses,\" Chaplin said. \"There's some significant hurdles.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within hours of the shooting, the police officers' union put out a statement blaming it on the new use-of-force policy's prohibition of the carotid, or \"sleeper-hold,\" restraint and the city's repeated refusal to equip officers with Taser stun guns. The union is suing the city in an attempt to overturn parts of the new use-of-force policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neighborhood resident Mary Harris advocated for Tasers at the town hall meeting, to which many in the room responded with shouts of \"No Tasers!\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sean Moore's brother, Kenneth Blackmon, said he didn't think the electronic stun guns were an appropriate solution. He said his brother's illness could agitate him and lead him to \"mouth off,\" but that he did not have a tendency toward violence, an account echoed by Moore's neighbors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know my brother, and I know the police would be agitating to him based on his history,\" he said. \"But I just don't see why -- no public safety was at risk. No one was in jeopardy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFPD's \u003ca href=\"http://sanfranciscopolice.org/sites/default/files/Documents/PoliceDocuments/DepartmentGeneralOrders/SFPD-DGO10.11-Body%20Worn%20Cameras.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">body-camera policy\u003c/a>, enacted last summer, says: \"The San Francisco Police Department's goal is to release [body-worn camera] recordings to the greatest extent possible,\" but it makes exceptions for open investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The protocols have not been tested, according to SFPD spokesman David Stevenson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know it's interesting, given that we've been utilizing body-worn cameras for several months now. We're still going to see how that works out,\" he said of the video's potential release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police said Moore faces charges for aggravated assault on a police officer. If the charges are pursued, the body-camera video could be made public through the court proceedings, as happened in a recent case involving the BART Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blackmon, who said he's worked as a counselor for the San Francisco Juvenile Probation Department for about 20 years, said the incident had shaken his view of the Police Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATE:\u003c/strong> \u003cem>Friday, Jan. 13 at 11am\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two members of the veteran Oakland R&B-funk band Tower of Power were in critical condition Thursday night after being struck by an Amtrak train near Jack London Square shortly before 8pm, according to several sources including a band spokesperson. They were scheduled to perform two sets at Yoshi’s, the jazz club that borders the transit hub, and a venue where the band plays regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an unfortunate accident tonight, two members of the award-winning group Tower Of Power, drummer David Garibaldi and current bassist Marc Van Wageningen, were struck by a train in California,” said their publicist, Jeremy Westby, in a statement. “Both men are responsive and being treated at a local hospital in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/2-pedestrians-hit-by-train-in-Oakland-near-estuary-10854827.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the accident occurred when Garibaldi, Van Wageningen, and two other pedestrians tried to cross the train tracks while the guard arms were down, possibly because they thought the warning was for a slow freight train that had just passed. An Amtrak train was coming at about 25 mph from the other direction on a different track, Oakland Police Sgt. Aaron Smith told the \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em>. The other two people were apparently able to jump out of the way before the two musicians were struck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheila E., the legendary drummer and frequent Tower of Power collaborator, sent out a call for well wishes on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>http://twitter.com/sheilaedrummer/status/819772464326582272\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tower of Power helped put the Bay Area on the soul-funk map in the ’70s, rising to international fame alongside fellow Oakland natives Sly and the Family Stone. Though the band also experienced its greatest commercial success in that decade, Tower of Power has continued touring extensively up through the present with a rotating cast of members. After several shows at Yoshi’s, their next scheduled show on this tour was Jan. 20 at a Harrah’s casino in Laughlin, Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibaldi originally joined Tower of Power on drums in 1970, sometimes taking breaks from the band, but generally considered a lifetime member. Van Wageningen had recently stepped in to relieve founding bassist Francis “Rocco” Prestia, who has \u003ca href=\"http://towerofpower.com/rocco_bio/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">battled health issues\u003c/a> in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATE:\u003c/strong> Founding member Emilio Castillo released a statement characterizing the band members as being in “serious condition,” but expected to recover. From the bandleader’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/OfficialTowerOfPowerBand/posts/1146673992112066\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook post\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was at the hospital last night and saw David but Marc was in intensive care and I wasn’t able to see him. Dave’s head and face were pretty swollen and bruised but he was lucid and expected to recover. Marc came through surgery well; his internal bleeding was stopped and they were waiting for him to stabilize in order to do further testing. The doctors were cautiously optimistic. We appreciate the responses and prayers from our former bandmates, friends, and fans and we all remain hopeful and in prayer.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATE:\u003c/strong> \u003cem>Friday, Jan. 13 at 11am\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two members of the veteran Oakland R&B-funk band Tower of Power were in critical condition Thursday night after being struck by an Amtrak train near Jack London Square shortly before 8pm, according to several sources including a band spokesperson. They were scheduled to perform two sets at Yoshi’s, the jazz club that borders the transit hub, and a venue where the band plays regularly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In an unfortunate accident tonight, two members of the award-winning group Tower Of Power, drummer David Garibaldi and current bassist Marc Van Wageningen, were struck by a train in California,” said their publicist, Jeremy Westby, in a statement. “Both men are responsive and being treated at a local hospital in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/2-pedestrians-hit-by-train-in-Oakland-near-estuary-10854827.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">According to the \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, the accident occurred when Garibaldi, Van Wageningen, and two other pedestrians tried to cross the train tracks while the guard arms were down, possibly because they thought the warning was for a slow freight train that had just passed. An Amtrak train was coming at about 25 mph from the other direction on a different track, Oakland Police Sgt. Aaron Smith told the \u003cem>Chronicle\u003c/em>. The other two people were apparently able to jump out of the way before the two musicians were struck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheila E., the legendary drummer and frequent Tower of Power collaborator, sent out a call for well wishes on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Tower of Power helped put the Bay Area on the soul-funk map in the ’70s, rising to international fame alongside fellow Oakland natives Sly and the Family Stone. Though the band also experienced its greatest commercial success in that decade, Tower of Power has continued touring extensively up through the present with a rotating cast of members. After several shows at Yoshi’s, their next scheduled show on this tour was Jan. 20 at a Harrah’s casino in Laughlin, Nevada.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Garibaldi originally joined Tower of Power on drums in 1970, sometimes taking breaks from the band, but generally considered a lifetime member. Van Wageningen had recently stepped in to relieve founding bassist Francis “Rocco” Prestia, who has \u003ca href=\"http://towerofpower.com/rocco_bio/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">battled health issues\u003c/a> in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>UPDATE:\u003c/strong> Founding member Emilio Castillo released a statement characterizing the band members as being in “serious condition,” but expected to recover. From the bandleader’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/OfficialTowerOfPowerBand/posts/1146673992112066\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facebook post\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was at the hospital last night and saw David but Marc was in intensive care and I wasn’t able to see him. Dave’s head and face were pretty swollen and bruised but he was lucid and expected to recover. Marc came through surgery well; his internal bleeding was stopped and they were waiting for him to stabilize in order to do further testing. The doctors were cautiously optimistic. We appreciate the responses and prayers from our former bandmates, friends, and fans and we all remain hopeful and in prayer.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
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"id": "city-arts",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
},
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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