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"content": "\u003cp>It’s not unusual to hear about the revival of a musical, but these days it feels like there’s a revival of the entire musical genre. From \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2016/12/13/thousands-line-up-online-and-in-person-for-hamilton-tickets/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hamilton\u003c/a>\u003c/em> on Broadway to \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2017/01/09/la-la-land-dominates-golden-globe-awards/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">La La Land\u003c/a>\u003c/em> on the big screen, musical theater is a pop culture phenomenon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it is a phenomenon that appeals to all ages — including 53 kids all part of the \u003ca href=\"http://bactheatre.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area Children’s Theater\u003c/a> (BACT) who danced and sang their way around an Oakland auditorium this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kids — ranging in age from 9 to 17 years old — were rehearsing a calypso number from a new musical based on the “Magic Tree House” book series that they’ll debut this weekend at the Junior Theater Festival West in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So here they all were on a Saturday afternoon, eagerly practicing their songs and dances for hours on end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some waved ribbons high in the air, mimicking a foamy sea. Others twirled orange umbrellas in the shape of a giant sun while belting out their harmonies. Then there was Sophia Gilbert, playing Annie, one of the “Magic Tree House” explorers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/02/2017-02-10b-tcrmag.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Sophia800.jpg\" Title=\"Bay Area Kids Find Joy, Community in Junior Musicals\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re 11 and you’re doing musical theater,” Gilbert told me after rehearsal, “grownups maybe sometimes think that when you’re younger you don’t care as much but I think that no matter what age you are you can still put your heart into it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a lot of heart to go around here, and hard work. It’s a rare chance for the students to rehearse with the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://itheatrics.com/jtf/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Junior Theater Festival\u003c/a>, Tim McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDonald alternately watched quietly and handed out instructions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also listened to input from the performers and encouraged their ideas about staging. One lead asks if she can cross the stage at various points in her song to different characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is that what your body is telling you to do?” asked McDonald. “Then let’s try it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Three times as many people who see a Broadway show get their musical theater fix by watching their kids perform one of these adaptations.’\u003ccite>Tim McDonald\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s no surprise that McDonald has spent most of his career trying to get students more involved in musicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twenty years ago the audiences for musical theater were literally dying out, they were aging out,” says McDonald, “and young people weren’t picking up that torch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, McDonald says, the composer Steven Sondheim and playwright/screenwriter Arthur Laurents — known together for their collaboration on \u003cem>West Side Story\u003c/em> — came along. They reasoned that because of their complexity, most students only got first-hand experience with musical theater productions starting in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sondheim’s idea? To create one-hour versions of shows tailored to elementary and middle school kids. They would keep only essential plot lines and move the music into keys that are accessible for young voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sondheim and Laurents found an eager partner in Fred Gershon, CEO of Musical Theater International, which licenses musicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim McDonald was charged with carrying out the initial idea. Now McDonald estimates his company iTheatrics has an audience of about 36 million people a year — compared to 12 million who go to a traditional show in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So three times as many people… who see a Broadway show get their musical theater fix by watching their kids perform one of these adaptations,” says McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11311182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-800x504.jpg\" alt=\"The Bay Area Children's Theater ensemble in a dress rehearsal of the calypso number for the new \" magic tree house junior play. width=\"800\" height=\"504\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11311182\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-800x504.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-1020x642.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-1180x743.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-960x605.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-240x151.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-375x236.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-520x327.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Area Children’s Theater ensemble in a dress rehearsal of the calypso number for the new “Magic Tree House” junior play. \u003ccite>(Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But McDonald and most of the people in this Oakland auditorium today would likely highlight even more the benefit to the young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One after another the performers detailed the joy, and their growth from musical theater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Jack Stickler. He’s 14 years old and got to play the lead in the show \u003cem>Honk Jr.\u003c/em> last year. He said he couldn’t stop singing the songs during the run, they resonated so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I went on stage and performed as the Ugly Duckling I had that feeling that I wasn’t Jack Stickler anymore I was this character and it was the best feeling ever,” said Stickler. “It changed my world because everyone was just so supportive and it was that environment where I felt this big feeling of belonging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>14 year old Lauren Staelin has been doing musical theater for 7 years. She said people are often surprised when they see her on stage. She said she is generally reserved but in shows, she often plays hammy, gregarious characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best thing about musical theater is you get to escape,” said Staelin. “I love doing theater because I really get to express myself and I also get to experiment with what I’m comfortable with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her castmate Sumuk Cadpakar agreed that he likes exploring different characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cadpakar said drama has also helped as he dealt with being bullied at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One time I played a bully in a school show,” said Cadpakar. “In that musical I loved the way the character I was playing bullied another character but that character stood up for himself and that really taught me how someone else would feel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year Cadpakar was part of the group from the Bay Area Children’s Theater that went to the national Junior Theater Festival on the East Coast. He said s he wouldn’t easily forget the euphoric feeling of going up on stage there to accept an award with his cast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was just like 5,000 people screaming at you and showing support, how much they care,” said Cadpakar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the kids, the awards may be a memorable part of the Junior Theater Festivals. But organizer Tim McDonald said the friendly competition and festival has a larger point as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He remembers growing up outside of Redding, and his high school’s women’s basketball team winning a state title. It was clear from the moment they returned to town, he recalled, that because of that glory, the program was never going to get cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDonald reasoned there should be the same opportunity for theater programs to bring attention to their schools and communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we can identify and recognize excellent musical theater programs in schools and afterschool programs, we hope, in fact we know we are giving those programs a chance to be recession proof and cut proof,” said McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen hundred people are expected to participate and compete for that attention at the Junior Theater Festival West this weekend in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re 11 and you’re doing musical theater,” Gilbert told me after rehearsal, “grownups maybe sometimes think that when you’re younger you don’t care as much but I think that no matter what age you are you can still put your heart into it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a lot of heart to go around here, and hard work. It’s a rare chance for the students to rehearse with the founder of the \u003ca href=\"http://itheatrics.com/jtf/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Junior Theater Festival\u003c/a>, Tim McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDonald alternately watched quietly and handed out instructions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also listened to input from the performers and encouraged their ideas about staging. One lead asks if she can cross the stage at various points in her song to different characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is that what your body is telling you to do?” asked McDonald. “Then let’s try it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Three times as many people who see a Broadway show get their musical theater fix by watching their kids perform one of these adaptations.’\u003ccite>Tim McDonald\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s no surprise that McDonald has spent most of his career trying to get students more involved in musicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Twenty years ago the audiences for musical theater were literally dying out, they were aging out,” says McDonald, “and young people weren’t picking up that torch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, McDonald says, the composer Steven Sondheim and playwright/screenwriter Arthur Laurents — known together for their collaboration on \u003cem>West Side Story\u003c/em> — came along. They reasoned that because of their complexity, most students only got first-hand experience with musical theater productions starting in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sondheim’s idea? To create one-hour versions of shows tailored to elementary and middle school kids. They would keep only essential plot lines and move the music into keys that are accessible for young voices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sondheim and Laurents found an eager partner in Fred Gershon, CEO of Musical Theater International, which licenses musicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tim McDonald was charged with carrying out the initial idea. Now McDonald estimates his company iTheatrics has an audience of about 36 million people a year — compared to 12 million who go to a traditional show in New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So three times as many people… who see a Broadway show get their musical theater fix by watching their kids perform one of these adaptations,” says McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11311182\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-800x504.jpg\" alt=\"The Bay Area Children's Theater ensemble in a dress rehearsal of the calypso number for the new \" magic tree house junior play. width=\"800\" height=\"504\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11311182\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-800x504.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-1020x642.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-1180x743.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-960x605.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-240x151.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-375x236.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/BACTEnsemble-520x327.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Area Children’s Theater ensemble in a dress rehearsal of the calypso number for the new “Magic Tree House” junior play. \u003ccite>(Rachel Dornhelm/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But McDonald and most of the people in this Oakland auditorium today would likely highlight even more the benefit to the young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One after another the performers detailed the joy, and their growth from musical theater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Jack Stickler. He’s 14 years old and got to play the lead in the show \u003cem>Honk Jr.\u003c/em> last year. He said he couldn’t stop singing the songs during the run, they resonated so much.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I went on stage and performed as the Ugly Duckling I had that feeling that I wasn’t Jack Stickler anymore I was this character and it was the best feeling ever,” said Stickler. “It changed my world because everyone was just so supportive and it was that environment where I felt this big feeling of belonging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>14 year old Lauren Staelin has been doing musical theater for 7 years. She said people are often surprised when they see her on stage. She said she is generally reserved but in shows, she often plays hammy, gregarious characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best thing about musical theater is you get to escape,” said Staelin. “I love doing theater because I really get to express myself and I also get to experiment with what I’m comfortable with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her castmate Sumuk Cadpakar agreed that he likes exploring different characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cadpakar said drama has also helped as he dealt with being bullied at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One time I played a bully in a school show,” said Cadpakar. “In that musical I loved the way the character I was playing bullied another character but that character stood up for himself and that really taught me how someone else would feel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year Cadpakar was part of the group from the Bay Area Children’s Theater that went to the national Junior Theater Festival on the East Coast. 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"disqusTitle": "75 Years Later, Japanese-Americans Recall Incarceration, Forced Farm Labor",
"title": "75 Years Later, Japanese-Americans Recall Incarceration, Forced Farm Labor",
"headTitle": "California Foodways | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>When President Trump signed an executive order last month banning people from seven predominantly Muslim countries from entering the U.S. and advocated for a Muslim registry, some of the loudest opponents were Japanese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have long memories of another executive order, No. 9066, that forced all Japanese-Americans on the West Coast from their homes and businesses during World War II. In 1942, almost 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, most of them American citizens and farmers, were incarcerated in what were euphemistically called “relocation” or “\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/sjsj/vol14/iss3/12/\">internment\u003c/a>” camps.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You were more number than name.'\u003ccite>Riichi Fuwa\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Last summer, I got on a bus in San Francisco’s Japantown, joining a four-day \u003ca href=\"http://www.tulelake.org/\">pilgrimage \u003c/a>to one of these camps -- the former \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/tule/index.htm\">Tule Lake Segregation Center\u003c/a>, just south of the Oregon border in Modoc County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out the bus window, I saw the sparsely populated Tule Lake Basin, alternating between well-irrigated farm fields, dusty land and the occasional dramatic rock outcropping. On the bus, survivors of camps like Tule Lake and their children and grandchildren passed a microphone around. They introduced themselves and shared why they were making the trip: trying to make sense of an experience their families rarely talk about, making connections with others with a common history, visiting the place of their birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310862\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310862\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The Segregation Center was located in the Tule Lake Basin, where irrigated fields still butt up against dusty land, interrupted by scrub brush and dramatic outcroppings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Segregation Center was located in the Tule Lake Basin, where irrigated fields still butt up against dusty land, interrupted by scrub brush and dramatic outcroppings. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Gen Fujitani)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These kinds of introductions were taking place on other buses, too, traveling from San Jose, Union City, Seattle and Portland. Over 450 people converged for this pilgrimage that takes place every other year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we arrived at the nearby Oregon Institute of Technology that would be our base for the visit, one of the first people I met was Sacramento resident Riichi Fuwa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wanted to see the place for the last time,\" he told me. Fuwa, 98, doesn’t think he'll make this trip again, but his memories of being imprisoned at Tule Lake are crystal clear. At his age he doesn’t remember his Social Security number, but he remembers this: “19949. That was my number the government gave me,” he said. “19949. You were more number than name.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camp administrators assigned Fuwa that number when he was 24, soon after he was forced off his family’s farm in Bellingham, Washington. Before the war, nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/files/research/japanese-americans/justice-denied/chapter-4.pdf\">two-thirds\u003c/a> of West Coast Japanese-Americans worked in agriculture, people like 93-year-old Jim Tanimoto, from the Sacramento Valley town of Gridley. His father grew rice, then cultivated peaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11310866 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-800x579.jpg\" alt=\"Riichi Fuwa, 98, drove a tractor on the farm at the Tule Lake Segregation Center. Of his time there, he recalls 'You were more number than name.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-800x579.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-1020x738.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-1180x854.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-960x695.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-240x174.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-375x271.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-520x376.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riichi Fuwa, 98, drove a tractor on the farm at the Tule Lake Segregation Center. Of his time there, he recalls, \"You were more number than name.\" \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tanimoto and Fuwa’s immigrant parents faced \u003ca href=\"http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3652&context=californialawreview\">laws\u003c/a> barring them from owning or holding long-term leases on land. Despite that, by 1940 they and their American-born children grew almost 40 percent of the produce in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on Dec. 7, 1941, the Japanese military bombed Pearl Harbor. Resentment and hysteria grew about anyone of Japanese origin, even those born in the United States. Tanimoto remembered, “Then Executive Order 9066 was signed. Things changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On February 19, 1942, when President Franklin Roosevelt signed the executive order authorizing the removal of anyone of Japanese ancestry from military areas, Japanese-Americans could read between the lines. Soon, the commanding general determined that all people of Japanese origin -- whether immigrant or U.S.-born citizen -- in coastal areas had to move inland onto so-called relocation camps. Many had to abandon their orchards and fields, with crops ready to harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I stepped out of the train, the terrain was not a big shock,” Tanimoto said. “I knew what the terrain looked like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because, when he was younger, Tanimoto had hunted deer up in the Tule Lake Basin, where all he could see was dusty land and scrub brush. In 1942, when Tanimoto and the 15,000 other forcibly evacuated Japanese-Americans arrived at Tule Lake, they saw a landscape dominated by barracks covered in black tar paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rows and rows and rows of these buildings,” said Tanimoto. “We were inside the barbed wire fence, the armed guard towers. We couldn’t walk out of the enclosure. I might get shot.” He remembered thinking, “Hey, I’m an American citizen! Now I’m the one being hunted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tanimoto and many other once-successful farm owners were about to become field workers for the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Government Farmworkers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The guard towers and rows of barracks have long since been torn down or moved. Our guide on the pilgrimage points out the few remaining buildings, and the huge swaths of farmland once worked by Tule Lake prisoners. Over 1,000 Japanese-Americans worked in the fields, most earning just $12 a month, a quarter of what farmworkers made at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310868\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310868\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-800x667.jpg\" alt=\"Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for just $12 a month.\" width=\"800\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-800x667.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-160x133.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-1020x851.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-1180x984.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-960x801.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-240x200.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-375x313.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-520x434.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for just $12 a month. \u003ccite>(Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project via National Archives and Records Administration Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Agriculture wasn’t incidental at any of the incarceration camps. Many of the new War Relocation Authority administrators came right from the Department of Agriculture. Camp locations, though usually in deserts and other inhospitable places, were often chosen for their existing government irrigation projects or agricultural potential. The government’s intention was to improve the land for after the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of the 10 incarceration camps nationwide had working farms, but Tule Lake was different. The land was on a former lakebed, so despite a dusty, snowy and windy climate and a short growing season, it produced enough food for its own mess halls and those at other camps. That production was so essential that when the Tule Lake camp opened, eligible men who refused to work were fined $20 a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworkers at Tule Lake harvested almost 30 crops, including potatoes, rutabagas and daikon radishes. They also grew grain and hay for animal feed, and kept hogs and chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310871\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11310871 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-800x731.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese-Americans cut seed potatoes at the Tule Lake farm. The original War Relocation Authority caption for this May, 1943 image read, '7,500 sacks of potatoes will be cut by 48 workers in 2-1/2 weeks. This will be enough seeds to plant the 600 acres.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-800x731.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-160x146.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-1020x932.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-1180x1079.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-960x878.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-240x219.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-375x343.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-520x475.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese-Americans cut seed potatoes at the Tule Lake farm. The original War Relocation Authority caption for this May, 1943, image read, \"7,500 sacks of potatoes will be cut by 48 workers in 2-1/2 weeks. This will be enough seeds to plant the 600 acres.\" \u003ccite>(Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project via National Archives and Records Administration Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before the war, Lucille Hitomi’s father ran a commercial flower business in Mountain View. At Tule Lake, he worked the fields, under white supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember my dad saying, ‘I don’t know if they were good farmers,’ ” she said, but those bosses relied on the expertise of the Japanese-American laborers to develop a productive farm. To keep some semblance of normalcy, families like Hitomi’s tried to create special meals. It helped that her brother worked at the camp slaughterhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know if this was legal,” Hitomi remembered, “but sometimes he would bring bits of meat home. My mother brought to camp a hot plate and a frying pan, and she’d cook the meat in the barrack,” instead of joining hundreds of others in the mess hall. “I guess it was more like home,” Hitomi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stated purpose of these farms was to feed incarcerees, but camp administrators took produce, grain and hay grown by these imprisoned Japanese-American workers and sold it on the\u003ca href=\"http://archive.densho.org/Resource/popupenlarged.aspx?i=denshopd-i65-00334\"> open market\u003c/a> -- over 2 million pounds of it from Tule Lake alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Loyalty Questioned\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One year after ordering Japanese-Americans out of their homes, the government made every adult in every camp fill out a questionnaire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This outrageous questionnaire was used to separate the so-called loyal people from the disloyal,” said writer and historian Barbara Takei, who also attended the pilgrimage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Tanimoto remembers that two questions caused the most confusion and anger: number 27 asked a person’s willingness to join the armed forces -- this, after being incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And number 28 was sort of like a trick question, 'Would you cut your ties with Japan and the emperor?' \" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Well, I’m an American citizen and a Gridley farmboy. I have no ties with Japan or the emperor, so how was I supposed to answer this question?” If he had no ties to begin with, he couldn’t answer “yes” and cut them, but if he answered “no,” the U.S. government would assume he was disloyal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310858\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310858\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-800x488.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Tanimoto worked on the freight crew, packing and shipping out produce from the Tule Lake farm. Along with many others, he refused to sign the infamous “loyalty questionnaire.” He was jailed in a nearby town, and at this former Civilian Conservation Corps camp. He says, “I stood on my constitutional rights. You can’t do this to American citizens.”\" width=\"800\" height=\"488\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-800x488.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-1020x622.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-1180x720.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-960x586.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-240x146.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-375x229.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-520x317.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Tanimoto worked on the freight crew, packing and shipping out produce from the Tule Lake farm. Along with many others, he refused to sign the infamous “loyalty questionnaire.” He was jailed in a nearby town, and at this former Civilian Conservation Corps camp. He says, “I stood on my constitutional rights. You can’t do this to American citizens.” \u003ccite>(Courtesy Gen Fujitani)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tanimoto and all of the other young men in Block 42, his area of the Tule Lake camp, refused to answer. They were arrested and jailed in nearby towns, then at a former Civilian Conservation Corps camp nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I stood on my constitutional rights” Tanimoto said. “You can’t do this to American citizens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More people at Tule Lake refused to answer these questions, or answered \"no\" to one or both, than at any other camp. Additional fences and guard towers went up, and anyone in the whole camp system who didn’t answer \"yes\" to both questions was labeled “disloyal” and was sent to the renamed Tule Lake Segregation Center. This was in the 1940s, two decades before the civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, post-civil rights movement, we realize that the right to protest is a precious American right,” Takei said. “It was something that the people who were imprisoned in Tule Lake exercised, and because of that they were punished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Largest ‘City’ in Region\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By fall 1943, the Tule Lake Segregation Center became the largest “city” in California north of Sacramento, ballooning to nearly 19,000 people, most of them labeled \"troublemakers.\" Camp got tense. With a larger workforce, the administrators expanded the farm and expected a huge harvest -- but laborers complained of poor food rations and major safety concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, a truck carrying Japanese-American laborers from the farm had an accident. Nearly 30 workers were injured. One died. Farmworkers refused to go back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They recognized that they had leverage by having the strike right when the crops are ready to pick,” Takei explained. The camp director turned around and brought in Japanese-Americans from other incarceration camps to break the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These strikebreakers were also paid $1 an hour, so in two days they could make more than a farmworker at Tule Lake would make in a month,” Takei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310951\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310951\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-800x549.jpg\" alt=\"Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for $12 a month. Here, incarcerees work in a carrot field.\" width=\"800\" height=\"549\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-800x549.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-1180x809.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-960x659.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-375x257.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-520x357.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for $12 a month. Here, incarcerees work in a carrot field. \u003ccite>(National Archives and Records Administration Collection/Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Camp administrators would simply not let the fields go unharvested. A few days later, Takei explained, the Tule Lake laborers became even angrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Workers saw a truck leaving the warehouse area filled with food,” ostensibly to feed the strikebreakers. About 200 people surrounded the truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that's what caused the camp director to call in a battalion, with the tanks rolling in, and the camp was shut down,” said Takei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japanese-American leaders were thrown in a stockade, with no legal recourse. Within days, martial law was declared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This marked the end of large-scale farming, and the beginning of two tumultuous years at Tule Lake. The military raided barracks, and hundreds of people ended up in the stockade, then a jail, for months. There were more protests. A radical faction grew in camp, and eventually thousands of angry, scared or confused Japanese-Americans imprisoned at Tule Lake renounced their U.S. citizenship -- actions many felt were made under duress, and which took 20 years to reverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"yNayDmmS2vP0klPq3nGpyhkInMNtuYii\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Tule Lake Segregation Center closed in the spring of 1946, six months after the war ended. What remained were empty barracks that once housed families, and thousands of acres of rich farmland. Ninety-eight-year-old Riichi Fuwa remembered that the land he and other Japanese-Americans improved got parceled off to veterans returning from war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the soldiers came back and they wanted to farm, they could homestead that place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked him, jokingly, if he was offered that land. Fuwa just laughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some former incarcerees returned home and eventually rebuilt successful farm businesses. Not Fuwa. His farm was overgrown, all the equipment stolen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way to express that feeling when you see the place like that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He soon left farming forever. By 1960, the number of Japanese-American farmers dropped to a quarter of their prewar presence. With lost farms, homes and businesses, it’s estimated that wartime incarceration cost Japanese-Americans up to $4 billion in today’s values. Some of those losses were compensated in 1988, when President Ronald Reagan signed redress legislation offering a formal apology and giving $20,000 to each survivor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The non-economic losses -- to Japanese-Americans, to California, to the whole country -- are impossible to measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Especially now, Takei said, we must remember “how easily people -- because of fear and anger -- lose sight of our important national values of justice and rule of law.\" She drew parallels with Muslim Americans, refugees and immigrants, \"as though demonizing other people is going to solve our problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All we have to do, she said, is look at the World War II incarceration of Japanese-Americans to see that’s not true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's Note: This story has been updated to reflect the accurate amount of produce grown at Tule Lake that was sold on the open market. It was over 2 million pounds, not 2 million tons as previously stated.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>This story was produced in collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>, a nonprofit investigative news organization. Meradith Hoddinott helped with research.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more on the Tule Lake story, please visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.tulelake.org/\">Tule Lake Committee\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.lifeorliberty.org/tule-lake-documentary\">Resistance at Tule Lake\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://janmstore.com/products/tule-lake-revisited\"> Tule Lake Revisited\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.densho.org/\">Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project\u003c/a>, and the work of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cwu.edu/geography/geography-japanese-american-relocation-centers\">Dr. Karl Lillquist\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2934/\">Michael David Schmidli\u003c/a>. For more stories in the series, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "They were already growing almost 40 percent of California’s produce by 1940, despite laws barring them from owning land. Then they were forced into field work at an internment camp, earning just $12 a month.",
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"description": "They were already growing almost 40 percent of California’s produce by 1940, despite laws barring them from owning land. Then they were forced into field work at an internment camp, earning just $12 a month.",
"title": "75 Years Later, Japanese-Americans Recall Incarceration, Forced Farm Labor | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When President Trump signed an executive order last month banning people from seven predominantly Muslim countries from entering the U.S. and advocated for a Muslim registry, some of the loudest opponents were Japanese-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They have long memories of another executive order, No. 9066, that forced all Japanese-Americans on the West Coast from their homes and businesses during World War II. In 1942, almost 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry, most of them American citizens and farmers, were incarcerated in what were euphemistically called “relocation” or “\u003ca href=\"http://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/sjsj/vol14/iss3/12/\">internment\u003c/a>” camps.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You were more number than name.'\u003ccite>Riichi Fuwa\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Last summer, I got on a bus in San Francisco’s Japantown, joining a four-day \u003ca href=\"http://www.tulelake.org/\">pilgrimage \u003c/a>to one of these camps -- the former \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/tule/index.htm\">Tule Lake Segregation Center\u003c/a>, just south of the Oregon border in Modoc County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Out the bus window, I saw the sparsely populated Tule Lake Basin, alternating between well-irrigated farm fields, dusty land and the occasional dramatic rock outcropping. On the bus, survivors of camps like Tule Lake and their children and grandchildren passed a microphone around. They introduced themselves and shared why they were making the trip: trying to make sense of an experience their families rarely talk about, making connections with others with a common history, visiting the place of their birth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310862\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310862\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The Segregation Center was located in the Tule Lake Basin, where irrigated fields still butt up against dusty land, interrupted by scrub brush and dramatic outcroppings.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/TuleBasin-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Segregation Center was located in the Tule Lake Basin, where irrigated fields still butt up against dusty land, interrupted by scrub brush and dramatic outcroppings. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Gen Fujitani)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These kinds of introductions were taking place on other buses, too, traveling from San Jose, Union City, Seattle and Portland. Over 450 people converged for this pilgrimage that takes place every other year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When we arrived at the nearby Oregon Institute of Technology that would be our base for the visit, one of the first people I met was Sacramento resident Riichi Fuwa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wanted to see the place for the last time,\" he told me. Fuwa, 98, doesn’t think he'll make this trip again, but his memories of being imprisoned at Tule Lake are crystal clear. At his age he doesn’t remember his Social Security number, but he remembers this: “19949. That was my number the government gave me,” he said. “19949. You were more number than name.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Camp administrators assigned Fuwa that number when he was 24, soon after he was forced off his family’s farm in Bellingham, Washington. Before the war, nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/files/research/japanese-americans/justice-denied/chapter-4.pdf\">two-thirds\u003c/a> of West Coast Japanese-Americans worked in agriculture, people like 93-year-old Jim Tanimoto, from the Sacramento Valley town of Gridley. His father grew rice, then cultivated peaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11310866 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-800x579.jpg\" alt=\"Riichi Fuwa, 98, drove a tractor on the farm at the Tule Lake Segregation Center. Of his time there, he recalls 'You were more number than name.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-800x579.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-160x116.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-1020x738.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-1180x854.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-960x695.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-240x174.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-375x271.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Fuwa-520x376.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Riichi Fuwa, 98, drove a tractor on the farm at the Tule Lake Segregation Center. Of his time there, he recalls, \"You were more number than name.\" \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tanimoto and Fuwa’s immigrant parents faced \u003ca href=\"http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3652&context=californialawreview\">laws\u003c/a> barring them from owning or holding long-term leases on land. Despite that, by 1940 they and their American-born children grew almost 40 percent of the produce in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, on Dec. 7, 1941, the Japanese military bombed Pearl Harbor. Resentment and hysteria grew about anyone of Japanese origin, even those born in the United States. Tanimoto remembered, “Then Executive Order 9066 was signed. Things changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On February 19, 1942, when President Franklin Roosevelt signed the executive order authorizing the removal of anyone of Japanese ancestry from military areas, Japanese-Americans could read between the lines. Soon, the commanding general determined that all people of Japanese origin -- whether immigrant or U.S.-born citizen -- in coastal areas had to move inland onto so-called relocation camps. Many had to abandon their orchards and fields, with crops ready to harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I stepped out of the train, the terrain was not a big shock,” Tanimoto said. “I knew what the terrain looked like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because, when he was younger, Tanimoto had hunted deer up in the Tule Lake Basin, where all he could see was dusty land and scrub brush. In 1942, when Tanimoto and the 15,000 other forcibly evacuated Japanese-Americans arrived at Tule Lake, they saw a landscape dominated by barracks covered in black tar paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rows and rows and rows of these buildings,” said Tanimoto. “We were inside the barbed wire fence, the armed guard towers. We couldn’t walk out of the enclosure. I might get shot.” He remembered thinking, “Hey, I’m an American citizen! Now I’m the one being hunted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tanimoto and many other once-successful farm owners were about to become field workers for the U.S. government.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Government Farmworkers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The guard towers and rows of barracks have long since been torn down or moved. Our guide on the pilgrimage points out the few remaining buildings, and the huge swaths of farmland once worked by Tule Lake prisoners. Over 1,000 Japanese-Americans worked in the fields, most earning just $12 a month, a quarter of what farmworkers made at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310868\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310868\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-800x667.jpg\" alt=\"Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for just $12 a month.\" width=\"800\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-800x667.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-160x133.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-1020x851.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-1180x984.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-960x801.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-240x200.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-375x313.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/WomenFarmworkers-520x434.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for just $12 a month. \u003ccite>(Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project via National Archives and Records Administration Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Agriculture wasn’t incidental at any of the incarceration camps. Many of the new War Relocation Authority administrators came right from the Department of Agriculture. Camp locations, though usually in deserts and other inhospitable places, were often chosen for their existing government irrigation projects or agricultural potential. The government’s intention was to improve the land for after the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each of the 10 incarceration camps nationwide had working farms, but Tule Lake was different. The land was on a former lakebed, so despite a dusty, snowy and windy climate and a short growing season, it produced enough food for its own mess halls and those at other camps. That production was so essential that when the Tule Lake camp opened, eligible men who refused to work were fined $20 a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworkers at Tule Lake harvested almost 30 crops, including potatoes, rutabagas and daikon radishes. They also grew grain and hay for animal feed, and kept hogs and chickens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310871\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11310871 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-800x731.jpg\" alt=\"Japanese-Americans cut seed potatoes at the Tule Lake farm. The original War Relocation Authority caption for this May, 1943 image read, '7,500 sacks of potatoes will be cut by 48 workers in 2-1/2 weeks. This will be enough seeds to plant the 600 acres.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-800x731.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-160x146.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-1020x932.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-1180x1079.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-960x878.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-240x219.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-375x343.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/IncarcPotatos-520x475.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Japanese-Americans cut seed potatoes at the Tule Lake farm. The original War Relocation Authority caption for this May, 1943, image read, \"7,500 sacks of potatoes will be cut by 48 workers in 2-1/2 weeks. This will be enough seeds to plant the 600 acres.\" \u003ccite>(Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project via National Archives and Records Administration Collection)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Before the war, Lucille Hitomi’s father ran a commercial flower business in Mountain View. At Tule Lake, he worked the fields, under white supervisors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I remember my dad saying, ‘I don’t know if they were good farmers,’ ” she said, but those bosses relied on the expertise of the Japanese-American laborers to develop a productive farm. To keep some semblance of normalcy, families like Hitomi’s tried to create special meals. It helped that her brother worked at the camp slaughterhouse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know if this was legal,” Hitomi remembered, “but sometimes he would bring bits of meat home. My mother brought to camp a hot plate and a frying pan, and she’d cook the meat in the barrack,” instead of joining hundreds of others in the mess hall. “I guess it was more like home,” Hitomi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stated purpose of these farms was to feed incarcerees, but camp administrators took produce, grain and hay grown by these imprisoned Japanese-American workers and sold it on the\u003ca href=\"http://archive.densho.org/Resource/popupenlarged.aspx?i=denshopd-i65-00334\"> open market\u003c/a> -- over 2 million pounds of it from Tule Lake alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Loyalty Questioned\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One year after ordering Japanese-Americans out of their homes, the government made every adult in every camp fill out a questionnaire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This outrageous questionnaire was used to separate the so-called loyal people from the disloyal,” said writer and historian Barbara Takei, who also attended the pilgrimage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Tanimoto remembers that two questions caused the most confusion and anger: number 27 asked a person’s willingness to join the armed forces -- this, after being incarcerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And number 28 was sort of like a trick question, 'Would you cut your ties with Japan and the emperor?' \" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Well, I’m an American citizen and a Gridley farmboy. I have no ties with Japan or the emperor, so how was I supposed to answer this question?” If he had no ties to begin with, he couldn’t answer “yes” and cut them, but if he answered “no,” the U.S. government would assume he was disloyal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310858\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310858\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-800x488.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Tanimoto worked on the freight crew, packing and shipping out produce from the Tule Lake farm. Along with many others, he refused to sign the infamous “loyalty questionnaire.” He was jailed in a nearby town, and at this former Civilian Conservation Corps camp. He says, “I stood on my constitutional rights. You can’t do this to American citizens.”\" width=\"800\" height=\"488\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-800x488.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-160x98.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-1020x622.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-1180x720.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-960x586.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-240x146.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-375x229.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Tanimoto-520x317.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Tanimoto worked on the freight crew, packing and shipping out produce from the Tule Lake farm. Along with many others, he refused to sign the infamous “loyalty questionnaire.” He was jailed in a nearby town, and at this former Civilian Conservation Corps camp. He says, “I stood on my constitutional rights. You can’t do this to American citizens.” \u003ccite>(Courtesy Gen Fujitani)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tanimoto and all of the other young men in Block 42, his area of the Tule Lake camp, refused to answer. They were arrested and jailed in nearby towns, then at a former Civilian Conservation Corps camp nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I stood on my constitutional rights” Tanimoto said. “You can’t do this to American citizens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More people at Tule Lake refused to answer these questions, or answered \"no\" to one or both, than at any other camp. Additional fences and guard towers went up, and anyone in the whole camp system who didn’t answer \"yes\" to both questions was labeled “disloyal” and was sent to the renamed Tule Lake Segregation Center. This was in the 1940s, two decades before the civil rights movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, post-civil rights movement, we realize that the right to protest is a precious American right,” Takei said. “It was something that the people who were imprisoned in Tule Lake exercised, and because of that they were punished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Largest ‘City’ in Region\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By fall 1943, the Tule Lake Segregation Center became the largest “city” in California north of Sacramento, ballooning to nearly 19,000 people, most of them labeled \"troublemakers.\" Camp got tense. With a larger workforce, the administrators expanded the farm and expected a huge harvest -- but laborers complained of poor food rations and major safety concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, a truck carrying Japanese-American laborers from the farm had an accident. Nearly 30 workers were injured. One died. Farmworkers refused to go back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They recognized that they had leverage by having the strike right when the crops are ready to pick,” Takei explained. The camp director turned around and brought in Japanese-Americans from other incarceration camps to break the strike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These strikebreakers were also paid $1 an hour, so in two days they could make more than a farmworker at Tule Lake would make in a month,” Takei said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11310951\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11310951\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-800x549.jpg\" alt=\"Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for $12 a month. Here, incarcerees work in a carrot field.\" width=\"800\" height=\"549\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-800x549.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-1020x700.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-1180x809.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-960x659.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-375x257.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/FieldworkTule-520x357.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Many of the Japanese-Americans incarcerated at Tule Lake had been farmers before the war. At camp, they were employed as field workers, often for $12 a month. Here, incarcerees work in a carrot field. \u003ccite>(National Archives and Records Administration Collection/Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Camp administrators would simply not let the fields go unharvested. A few days later, Takei explained, the Tule Lake laborers became even angrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Workers saw a truck leaving the warehouse area filled with food,” ostensibly to feed the strikebreakers. About 200 people surrounded the truck.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that's what caused the camp director to call in a battalion, with the tanks rolling in, and the camp was shut down,” said Takei.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Japanese-American leaders were thrown in a stockade, with no legal recourse. Within days, martial law was declared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This marked the end of large-scale farming, and the beginning of two tumultuous years at Tule Lake. The military raided barracks, and hundreds of people ended up in the stockade, then a jail, for months. There were more protests. A radical faction grew in camp, and eventually thousands of angry, scared or confused Japanese-Americans imprisoned at Tule Lake renounced their U.S. citizenship -- actions many felt were made under duress, and which took 20 years to reverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Tule Lake Segregation Center closed in the spring of 1946, six months after the war ended. What remained were empty barracks that once housed families, and thousands of acres of rich farmland. Ninety-eight-year-old Riichi Fuwa remembered that the land he and other Japanese-Americans improved got parceled off to veterans returning from war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the soldiers came back and they wanted to farm, they could homestead that place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked him, jokingly, if he was offered that land. Fuwa just laughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some former incarcerees returned home and eventually rebuilt successful farm businesses. Not Fuwa. His farm was overgrown, all the equipment stolen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no way to express that feeling when you see the place like that,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He soon left farming forever. By 1960, the number of Japanese-American farmers dropped to a quarter of their prewar presence. With lost farms, homes and businesses, it’s estimated that wartime incarceration cost Japanese-Americans up to $4 billion in today’s values. Some of those losses were compensated in 1988, when President Ronald Reagan signed redress legislation offering a formal apology and giving $20,000 to each survivor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The non-economic losses -- to Japanese-Americans, to California, to the whole country -- are impossible to measure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Especially now, Takei said, we must remember “how easily people -- because of fear and anger -- lose sight of our important national values of justice and rule of law.\" She drew parallels with Muslim Americans, refugees and immigrants, \"as though demonizing other people is going to solve our problems.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All we have to do, she said, is look at the World War II incarceration of Japanese-Americans to see that’s not true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor's Note: This story has been updated to reflect the accurate amount of produce grown at Tule Lake that was sold on the open market. It was over 2 million pounds, not 2 million tons as previously stated.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>This story was produced in collaboration with the \u003ca href=\"https://thefern.org/\">Food & Environment Reporting Network\u003c/a>, a nonprofit investigative news organization. Meradith Hoddinott helped with research.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>For more on the Tule Lake story, please visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.tulelake.org/\">Tule Lake Committee\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.lifeorliberty.org/tule-lake-documentary\">Resistance at Tule Lake\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"http://janmstore.com/products/tule-lake-revisited\"> Tule Lake Revisited\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.densho.org/\">Densho: The Japanese American Legacy Project\u003c/a>, and the work of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cwu.edu/geography/geography-japanese-american-relocation-centers\">Dr. Karl Lillquist\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2934/\">Michael David Schmidli\u003c/a>. For more stories in the series, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiafoodways.com/\">California Foodways\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "ICE Officials Announce 161 Arrests in Southern California This Week",
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"content": "\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials announced Friday they have arrested 161 people in six Southern California counties over the past five days, insisting that the latest actions are part of their periodic enforcement operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling the latest arrests an \"enforcement surge,\" they said they have been targeting immigrants with criminal histories who are in the country illegally, as they have done for the past few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Marin, field office director for ICE enforcement and removal operations in the Los Angeles area, told reporters on a conference call Friday that any reports of mass arrests are false and creates panic in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The rash of these recent reports about ICE checkpoints and random sweeps and the like -- it is all false, and it is definitely dangerous and irresponsible because reports like that create a panic, and they put communities and law enforcement at risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin said ICE did not target any so-called \"sanctuary cities\" for enforcement. He said the arrests occurred in six of the seven counties of his agency's coverage area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also complained that his agency's job has gotten more difficult because of the recent legislation passed by local governments, some of which forbid local law enforcement agencies from assisting in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said they had no specific orders from President Donald Trump's administration to carry out the raids. Shortly after taking office, the president signed an executive order targeting any immigrants living in the country illegally as priorities for deportation, particularly those with outstanding deportation orders, the Associated Press reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order also listed as priorities convicted criminals, those arrested for any criminal offense, those who committed fraud and anyone who may have committed a crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/federal-agents-conduct-sweeping-immigration-enforcement-raids-in-at-least-6-states/2017/02/10/4b9f443a-efc8-11e6-b4ff-ac2cf509efe5_story.html?hpid=hp_hp-top-table-main_iceraids-420pm%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.9e88419226b5\" target=\"_blank\">Washington Post reported Friday\u003c/a> that authorities launched a \"series of raids, traffic stops and checkpoints\" in about six states Thursday and Friday, citing attorneys and immigrant advocates as sources for the reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the AP it is unclear if the latest actions are tied to Trump's order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, some Los Angeles immigration attorneys and advocates said 100 people were arrested in a day and detained at the Metropolitan Detention Center in downtown L.A. -- a figure that ICE dismissed as grossly exaggerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reports fed fears running high in the Los Angeles area that immigration agents are stepping up attempts to find and deport immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angelica Salas with CHIRLA, the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles, said she’s heard too many reports of arrests for the current situation to be business as usual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know what the pattern is around coordinated mass activity. And this is what coordinated mass activity looks like, where you have family members, attorneys, different people reporting this activity to us,” said Salas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salas said on a typical day, her group may receive just a couple of arrest reports, sometimes none, but that number has picked up this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials said of those arrested in Southern California this week, 150 had some kind of criminal record, 75 percent of them with felony convictions and the rest with misdemeanor convictions. Of those who did not have records, five had final deportation orders or had been previously deported. The others were described as living in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those picked up, according to CHIRLA, was a Van Nuys man named Manuel Mosqueda, who had a prior deportation order but did not have a criminal record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the CHIRLA office Friday morning, his daughter Marlene Mosqueda described getting a phone call from her father’s fiancée after he was arrested at his home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was crying, and she was telling me that they came in, they wanted to ask questions,” she said. “The moment that he came out, they told him sit there, you stay there ... from there, they just asked for everybody’s identification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and CHIRLA staff said they believe agents came to the home looking for someone else, but ended up questioning the occupants, “and they ended up taking my dad,” Mosqueda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her father remains detained. Attorneys intervened on his behalf to stay his deportation and take his case before an immigration judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials have conducted periodic sweeps in recent years as local jurisdictions and some states -- including California -- have dialed back cooperation with federal immigration agents, refusing to hold immigrants who can otherwise be released. ICE has deployed “fugitive operations” teams to track down people who are released from local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin complained that recent legislation that prevents local law enforcement agencies from cooperating with ICE on immigration enforcement has made his agency's job more difficult. But he denied that ICE targeted any so-called sanctuary cites for their \"failure to cooperate with us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One similarly large operation by ICE in August 2015 under the Obama administration led to more than 240 arrests in Southern California over a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a change in attitude, said CHIRLA staff attorney Karla Navarrete. She said Friday that when she went to a downtown holding facility Thursday to file paperwork on behalf of someone who was arrested, an officer there told her “things have changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the difference is that we are in a different era,” Navarrette said. “That it’s been clear that there is a goal to deport 8 million people.” That is a reference to President Trump's pledge to deport millions of unauthorized immigrants, which by one estimate \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-deportations-20170204-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">by the Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> could reach up to 8 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparison, more than 2 million people were deported during Obama's administration, according to the Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials announced Friday they have arrested 161 people in six Southern California counties over the past five days, insisting that the latest actions are part of their periodic enforcement operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calling the latest arrests an \"enforcement surge,\" they said they have been targeting immigrants with criminal histories who are in the country illegally, as they have done for the past few years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Marin, field office director for ICE enforcement and removal operations in the Los Angeles area, told reporters on a conference call Friday that any reports of mass arrests are false and creates panic in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The rash of these recent reports about ICE checkpoints and random sweeps and the like -- it is all false, and it is definitely dangerous and irresponsible because reports like that create a panic, and they put communities and law enforcement at risk,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin said ICE did not target any so-called \"sanctuary cities\" for enforcement. He said the arrests occurred in six of the seven counties of his agency's coverage area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also complained that his agency's job has gotten more difficult because of the recent legislation passed by local governments, some of which forbid local law enforcement agencies from assisting in immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said they had no specific orders from President Donald Trump's administration to carry out the raids. Shortly after taking office, the president signed an executive order targeting any immigrants living in the country illegally as priorities for deportation, particularly those with outstanding deportation orders, the Associated Press reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order also listed as priorities convicted criminals, those arrested for any criminal offense, those who committed fraud and anyone who may have committed a crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/federal-agents-conduct-sweeping-immigration-enforcement-raids-in-at-least-6-states/2017/02/10/4b9f443a-efc8-11e6-b4ff-ac2cf509efe5_story.html?hpid=hp_hp-top-table-main_iceraids-420pm%3Ahomepage%2Fstory&utm_term=.9e88419226b5\" target=\"_blank\">Washington Post reported Friday\u003c/a> that authorities launched a \"series of raids, traffic stops and checkpoints\" in about six states Thursday and Friday, citing attorneys and immigrant advocates as sources for the reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the AP it is unclear if the latest actions are tied to Trump's order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, some Los Angeles immigration attorneys and advocates said 100 people were arrested in a day and detained at the Metropolitan Detention Center in downtown L.A. -- a figure that ICE dismissed as grossly exaggerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reports fed fears running high in the Los Angeles area that immigration agents are stepping up attempts to find and deport immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Angelica Salas with CHIRLA, the Coalition for Humane Immigrant Rights of Los Angeles, said she’s heard too many reports of arrests for the current situation to be business as usual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know what the pattern is around coordinated mass activity. And this is what coordinated mass activity looks like, where you have family members, attorneys, different people reporting this activity to us,” said Salas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salas said on a typical day, her group may receive just a couple of arrest reports, sometimes none, but that number has picked up this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials said of those arrested in Southern California this week, 150 had some kind of criminal record, 75 percent of them with felony convictions and the rest with misdemeanor convictions. Of those who did not have records, five had final deportation orders or had been previously deported. The others were described as living in the country illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among those picked up, according to CHIRLA, was a Van Nuys man named Manuel Mosqueda, who had a prior deportation order but did not have a criminal record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the CHIRLA office Friday morning, his daughter Marlene Mosqueda described getting a phone call from her father’s fiancée after he was arrested at his home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was crying, and she was telling me that they came in, they wanted to ask questions,” she said. “The moment that he came out, they told him sit there, you stay there ... from there, they just asked for everybody’s identification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She and CHIRLA staff said they believe agents came to the home looking for someone else, but ended up questioning the occupants, “and they ended up taking my dad,” Mosqueda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her father remains detained. Attorneys intervened on his behalf to stay his deportation and take his case before an immigration judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE officials have conducted periodic sweeps in recent years as local jurisdictions and some states -- including California -- have dialed back cooperation with federal immigration agents, refusing to hold immigrants who can otherwise be released. ICE has deployed “fugitive operations” teams to track down people who are released from local jails.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marin complained that recent legislation that prevents local law enforcement agencies from cooperating with ICE on immigration enforcement has made his agency's job more difficult. But he denied that ICE targeted any so-called sanctuary cites for their \"failure to cooperate with us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One similarly large operation by ICE in August 2015 under the Obama administration led to more than 240 arrests in Southern California over a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s a change in attitude, said CHIRLA staff attorney Karla Navarrete. She said Friday that when she went to a downtown holding facility Thursday to file paperwork on behalf of someone who was arrested, an officer there told her “things have changed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the difference is that we are in a different era,” Navarrette said. “That it’s been clear that there is a goal to deport 8 million people.” That is a reference to President Trump's pledge to deport millions of unauthorized immigrants, which by one estimate \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-trump-deportations-20170204-story.html\" target=\"_blank\">by the Los Angeles Times\u003c/a> could reach up to 8 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In comparison, more than 2 million people were deported during Obama's administration, according to the Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "After Travel Ban Halted in Court, Trump Considers a 'Brand-New Order'",
"title": "After Travel Ban Halted in Court, Trump Considers a 'Brand-New Order'",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Seeking to regroup after a stinging legal defeat, President Donald Trump said Friday he is considering signing a \"brand-new order\" after his refugee and immigration travel ban was halted in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, speaking to reporters on Air Force One as he flew to Florida for the weekend, said he expected his administration to win the legal battle over his original directive. But he said the White House was also weighing other alternatives, including making changes to the order, which suspended the nation's refugee program and barred all entries from seven Muslim-majority countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president said a new executive order would likely change \"very little\" from the first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's comments came a day after the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a restraining order on the original travel ban. While a White House official initially suggested the administration would not ask the Supreme Court to overturn that order, chief of staff Reince Priebus later said \"every single court option is on the table,\" including a high court appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Priebus said the administration was also considering \"fighting out this case on the merits\" in a lower court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's executive order was hastily unveiled at the end of his first week in office. It caused chaos at airports in the U.S. and sparked protests across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president has cast the order as crucial for national security. Earlier Friday, he promised to take action \"very rapidly\" to protect the U.S. and its citizens in the wake of the appeals court decision, but he did not specify what steps he planned to take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'll be doing things to continue to make our country safe,\" Trump pledged at a news conference with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. \"It will happen rapidly. We will not allow people into our country who are looking to do harm to our people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's comments were far more restrained than his angry reaction to last week's initial court ruling blocking the travel ban. Trump took aim at both the \"so-called judge\" in that case and the ruling, which he called \"ridiculous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump continued to conjure images of unspecified danger Friday, saying he had \"learned tremendous things that you could only learn, frankly, if you were in a certain position, namely president. And there are tremendous threats to our country. We will not allow that to happen, I can tell you that. We will not allow that to happen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 9th Circuit ruling represented a significant setback for Trump in just his third week in office. The appellate decision brushed aside arguments by the Justice Department that the president has the constitutional power to restrict entry to the United States and that the courts cannot second-guess his determination that such a step was needed to prevent terrorism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer tweeted that Trump \"ought to see the writing on the wall\" and abandon the proposal. The New York Democrat called on the president to \"roll up his sleeves\" and come up with \"a real, bipartisan plan to keep us safe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi of California promised, \"Democrats will continue to press for President Trump's dangerous and unconstitutional ban to be withdrawn.\" And Trump's former presidential rival Hillary Clinton offered a terse response on Twitter, noting the unanimous vote: \"3-0.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress' Republican leaders, House Speaker Paul Ryan and Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge James Robart in Seattle issued the temporary restraining order halting the ban after Washington state and Minnesota sued, leading to the federal government's appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has said the seven nations — Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen — have raised terrorism concerns. The states have argued that the executive order unconstitutionally blocked entry based on religion and the travel ban harmed individuals, businesses and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his aides frequently refer to a ruling by a federal judge in Boston who declined last week to extend a temporary injunction against Trump's travel ban. In a separate federal ruling in Seattle, a different federal judge put the ban on hold nationwide; it is that judge's decision that the White House has challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a decision that we'll win, in my opinion, very easily. And, by the way, we won that decision in Boston,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Seeking to regroup after a stinging legal defeat, President Donald Trump said Friday he is considering signing a \"brand-new order\" after his refugee and immigration travel ban was halted in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, speaking to reporters on Air Force One as he flew to Florida for the weekend, said he expected his administration to win the legal battle over his original directive. But he said the White House was also weighing other alternatives, including making changes to the order, which suspended the nation's refugee program and barred all entries from seven Muslim-majority countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president said a new executive order would likely change \"very little\" from the first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's comments came a day after the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a restraining order on the original travel ban. While a White House official initially suggested the administration would not ask the Supreme Court to overturn that order, chief of staff Reince Priebus later said \"every single court option is on the table,\" including a high court appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Priebus said the administration was also considering \"fighting out this case on the merits\" in a lower court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's executive order was hastily unveiled at the end of his first week in office. It caused chaos at airports in the U.S. and sparked protests across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president has cast the order as crucial for national security. Earlier Friday, he promised to take action \"very rapidly\" to protect the U.S. and its citizens in the wake of the appeals court decision, but he did not specify what steps he planned to take.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We'll be doing things to continue to make our country safe,\" Trump pledged at a news conference with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. \"It will happen rapidly. We will not allow people into our country who are looking to do harm to our people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president's comments were far more restrained than his angry reaction to last week's initial court ruling blocking the travel ban. Trump took aim at both the \"so-called judge\" in that case and the ruling, which he called \"ridiculous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump continued to conjure images of unspecified danger Friday, saying he had \"learned tremendous things that you could only learn, frankly, if you were in a certain position, namely president. And there are tremendous threats to our country. We will not allow that to happen, I can tell you that. We will not allow that to happen.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 9th Circuit ruling represented a significant setback for Trump in just his third week in office. The appellate decision brushed aside arguments by the Justice Department that the president has the constitutional power to restrict entry to the United States and that the courts cannot second-guess his determination that such a step was needed to prevent terrorism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer tweeted that Trump \"ought to see the writing on the wall\" and abandon the proposal. The New York Democrat called on the president to \"roll up his sleeves\" and come up with \"a real, bipartisan plan to keep us safe.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi of California promised, \"Democrats will continue to press for President Trump's dangerous and unconstitutional ban to be withdrawn.\" And Trump's former presidential rival Hillary Clinton offered a terse response on Twitter, noting the unanimous vote: \"3-0.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress' Republican leaders, House Speaker Paul Ryan and Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge James Robart in Seattle issued the temporary restraining order halting the ban after Washington state and Minnesota sued, leading to the federal government's appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has said the seven nations — Iran, Iraq, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, Syria and Yemen — have raised terrorism concerns. The states have argued that the executive order unconstitutionally blocked entry based on religion and the travel ban harmed individuals, businesses and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump and his aides frequently refer to a ruling by a federal judge in Boston who declined last week to extend a temporary injunction against Trump's travel ban. In a separate federal ruling in Seattle, a different federal judge put the ban on hold nationwide; it is that judge's decision that the White House has challenged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a decision that we'll win, in my opinion, very easily. And, by the way, we won that decision in Boston,\" Trump said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Fellow Workers Devastated by Accident That Killed Contractor After Santa Cruz County Mudslide",
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"content": "\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol is looking into the inspection history of the dump truck that backed over and killed a construction employee and pinned his co-worker on Highway 17 near Scotts Valley in Santa Cruz County on Thursday, a tragedy that has devastated their employer, one of California's oldest and largest construction companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHP investigation into the death of 54-year-old Robert Gill and the serious injury to 33-year-old Stephen Whitmire is also focusing on whether the truck had working backup warning alarms at the time, according to CHP officer Trista Drake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drake said Friday that the CHP inspected the truck in the hours after the incident and has interviewed witnesses, including the unidentified truck driver, but did not plan on releasing its investigative results any time soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gill and Whitmire were doing contract work for Caltrans, helping to remove a mudslide from the highway around noon on Thursday so the agency could reopen the road to drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators believe the truck was backing up toward a hill when the workers were hit, Drake said. Gill was pronounced dead at the scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whitmire was found pinned underneath the rear of the truck when CHP crews arrived, Drake said. Rescuers extricated him and took him by ambulance to a local hospital, conscious and talking at the time, she said. He is believed to be in stable condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both men were employed by Watsonville-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.graniterock.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Graniterock\u003c/a>, a 117-year-old family-owned construction materials and services company, which holds offices and does work in the San Francisco and Monterey Bay areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm has deep history with California. In fact, it has been around longer than the state agency that regulates similar construction firms. Graniterock got its license from the Contractors State License Board in 1929, one of the first companies to do so, according to agency spokesman Rick Lopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nearly 1,000 workers there are reeling, according to Shanna Crigger, spokeswoman for Graniterock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are all mourning. We are all in a state of shock,\" Crigger said. \"We are struggling to come to terms with losing someone who was just an incredible person and incredible team member.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gill, who worked at the company for 15 years, was \"someone who everybody loved and knew ... he was funny, outgoing, hardworking, always on our high-profile jobs,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz County Coroner's Office plans to conduct an autopsy on Gill's body next week, according to Sgt. Chris Clark of the sheriff's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with the CHP, California’s Division of Occupational Safety and Health -- Cal/OSHA -- has opened an investigation into the incident, agency spokesman Erika Monterroza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graniterock has set up an online \u003ca href=\"https://www.youcaring.com/bobbygillsfamily-754724\" target=\"_blank\">fundraiser \u003c/a>for Gill's wife and two children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Tiffany Camhi contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol is looking into the inspection history of the dump truck that backed over and killed a construction employee and pinned his co-worker on Highway 17 near Scotts Valley in Santa Cruz County on Thursday, a tragedy that has devastated their employer, one of California's oldest and largest construction companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CHP investigation into the death of 54-year-old Robert Gill and the serious injury to 33-year-old Stephen Whitmire is also focusing on whether the truck had working backup warning alarms at the time, according to CHP officer Trista Drake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drake said Friday that the CHP inspected the truck in the hours after the incident and has interviewed witnesses, including the unidentified truck driver, but did not plan on releasing its investigative results any time soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gill and Whitmire were doing contract work for Caltrans, helping to remove a mudslide from the highway around noon on Thursday so the agency could reopen the road to drivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators believe the truck was backing up toward a hill when the workers were hit, Drake said. Gill was pronounced dead at the scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whitmire was found pinned underneath the rear of the truck when CHP crews arrived, Drake said. Rescuers extricated him and took him by ambulance to a local hospital, conscious and talking at the time, she said. He is believed to be in stable condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both men were employed by Watsonville-based \u003ca href=\"http://www.graniterock.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Graniterock\u003c/a>, a 117-year-old family-owned construction materials and services company, which holds offices and does work in the San Francisco and Monterey Bay areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The firm has deep history with California. In fact, it has been around longer than the state agency that regulates similar construction firms. Graniterock got its license from the Contractors State License Board in 1929, one of the first companies to do so, according to agency spokesman Rick Lopes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nearly 1,000 workers there are reeling, according to Shanna Crigger, spokeswoman for Graniterock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are all mourning. We are all in a state of shock,\" Crigger said. \"We are struggling to come to terms with losing someone who was just an incredible person and incredible team member.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gill, who worked at the company for 15 years, was \"someone who everybody loved and knew ... he was funny, outgoing, hardworking, always on our high-profile jobs,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Santa Cruz County Coroner's Office plans to conduct an autopsy on Gill's body next week, according to Sgt. Chris Clark of the sheriff's office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with the CHP, California’s Division of Occupational Safety and Health -- Cal/OSHA -- has opened an investigation into the incident, agency spokesman Erika Monterroza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graniterock has set up an online \u003ca href=\"https://www.youcaring.com/bobbygillsfamily-754724\" target=\"_blank\">fundraiser \u003c/a>for Gill's wife and two children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Tiffany Camhi contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "pge-is-using-h-1b-visas-to-send-it-jobs-overseas",
"title": "PG&E Is Using H-1B Visas to Send IT Jobs Overseas",
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"content": "\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric Co. is cutting some 70 IT jobs and sending them to a contractor based in India. This kind of outsourcing has become commonplace in the IT industry. It has been criticized for years, and there is a lot of talk in Washington, D.C., these days about how to slow it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is sending the jobs overseas as part of a larger restructuring plan to cut costs. The San Francisco Business Times first reported on how the offshoring of jobs to India \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2017/01/19/exclusive-pg-e-pcg-layoffs-india-tata.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fits into the plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The focus is really on doing the right thing for our customers and the right thing for the business over the long term. That’s what this is about, and it’s what drove the decision,” PG&E spokesman Brian Hertzog said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/306934263″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E workers are training their replacements, some of whom are here in the U.S. on H-1B work visas. Hertzog says the jobs are related to older IT applications that PG&E wants to phase out. The H-1B workers are going to learn the ropes for the IT jobs and then send those tasks to workers in India who are far cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s knowledge transfer,” said Paul Almeida, president of the AFL-CIO’s Department for Professional Employees, and a critic of the practice. “They’re just transferring the knowledge of the business to these foreign countries through these outsourcing firms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outsourcing firms used by companies like PG&E to offload IT jobs are mostly based in India and get thousands of H-1B visas for their workers. This shouldn’t happen, Almeida said. The visa is designed for high-skilled workers who can’t be found in the U.S., not people doing routine IT work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almeida said these outsourcers are abusing the H-1B system and undercutting American workers like those at PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When this was happening 10 years ago, it wasn’t as blatant,” Almeida said. “But it has gone on for so long. It’s become part of the business model.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is far from the first to use a contractor that depends heavily on H-1B visas. Disney \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/14/us/judge-says-disney-didnt-violate-visa-laws-in-layoffs.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has done it\u003c/a>. So has Toys R Us, other utilities like Southern California Edison, and recently a public university. UC San Francisco is \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/14/ucsf-losing-some-it-staff-to-outsourcing/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outsourcing IT jobs right now\u003c/a>. The contractor there initially brought in a transition team to understand how the university’s IT systems work — some of the workers were on H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing has happened that would deter companies from taking this action,” said Daniel Costa, director of immigration law and policy research at the Economic Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Costa said there have been attempts to reform the H-1B visa program. The Department of Labor and Department of Justice investigated Southern California Edison for the use of H-1B visas, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.computerworld.com/article/3035145/it-careers/doj-ends-probe-of-utility-over-it-replacements-no-charges-filed.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">neither found wrongdoing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Costa says those findings are disputable, adding that they encourage companies to outsource with the H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s about the bottom line,” Costa said, “and if companies can do it, they will do it. If the legal framework continues to allow it, then it will continue to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has been a lot of anger about this kind of job loss. It’s a theme that President Trump has tapped into, and he’s signaled he plans to change the H-1B in some way. Members of Congress from both sides have introduced reform bills. Meanwhile, the IT industry and workers are anxiously waiting to see what will happen.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Pacific Gas and Electric Co. is cutting some 70 IT jobs and sending them to a contractor based in India. This kind of outsourcing has become commonplace in the IT industry. It has been criticized for years, and there is a lot of talk in Washington, D.C., these days about how to slow it down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is sending the jobs overseas as part of a larger restructuring plan to cut costs. The San Francisco Business Times first reported on how the offshoring of jobs to India \u003ca href=\"http://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/news/2017/01/19/exclusive-pg-e-pcg-layoffs-india-tata.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fits into the plan\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The focus is really on doing the right thing for our customers and the right thing for the business over the long term. That’s what this is about, and it’s what drove the decision,” PG&E spokesman Brian Hertzog said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/306934263″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/306934263″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E workers are training their replacements, some of whom are here in the U.S. on H-1B work visas. Hertzog says the jobs are related to older IT applications that PG&E wants to phase out. The H-1B workers are going to learn the ropes for the IT jobs and then send those tasks to workers in India who are far cheaper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s knowledge transfer,” said Paul Almeida, president of the AFL-CIO’s Department for Professional Employees, and a critic of the practice. “They’re just transferring the knowledge of the business to these foreign countries through these outsourcing firms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The outsourcing firms used by companies like PG&E to offload IT jobs are mostly based in India and get thousands of H-1B visas for their workers. This shouldn’t happen, Almeida said. The visa is designed for high-skilled workers who can’t be found in the U.S., not people doing routine IT work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almeida said these outsourcers are abusing the H-1B system and undercutting American workers like those at PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When this was happening 10 years ago, it wasn’t as blatant,” Almeida said. “But it has gone on for so long. It’s become part of the business model.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E is far from the first to use a contractor that depends heavily on H-1B visas. Disney \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/14/us/judge-says-disney-didnt-violate-visa-laws-in-layoffs.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">has done it\u003c/a>. So has Toys R Us, other utilities like Southern California Edison, and recently a public university. UC San Francisco is \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/14/ucsf-losing-some-it-staff-to-outsourcing/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">outsourcing IT jobs right now\u003c/a>. The contractor there initially brought in a transition team to understand how the university’s IT systems work — some of the workers were on H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nothing has happened that would deter companies from taking this action,” said Daniel Costa, director of immigration law and policy research at the Economic Policy Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Costa said there have been attempts to reform the H-1B visa program. The Department of Labor and Department of Justice investigated Southern California Edison for the use of H-1B visas, but \u003ca href=\"http://www.computerworld.com/article/3035145/it-careers/doj-ends-probe-of-utility-over-it-replacements-no-charges-filed.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">neither found wrongdoing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Costa says those findings are disputable, adding that they encourage companies to outsource with the H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s about the bottom line,” Costa said, “and if companies can do it, they will do it. If the legal framework continues to allow it, then it will continue to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There has been a lot of anger about this kind of job loss. It’s a theme that President Trump has tapped into, and he’s signaled he plans to change the H-1B in some way. Members of Congress from both sides have introduced reform bills. Meanwhile, the IT industry and workers are anxiously waiting to see what will happen.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "New Violations Found at Richmond Auto Yard That Went Up In Flames",
"title": "New Violations Found at Richmond Auto Yard That Went Up In Flames",
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"content": "\u003cp>Contra Costa County health inspectors have discovered a new round of serious hazardous waste violations at the Richmond-area auto-wrecking yard where some 200 vehicles burned in a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/16/massive-richmond-auto-yard-fire-triggers-shelter-in-place-order/\" target=\"_blank\">large fire\u003c/a> in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, investigators say the fire that prompted a shelter-in-place order for local residents and schools and sent a huge column of smoke into the East Bay skies was so damaging that they are unable to determine the cause of the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire was so big and so hot that it pretty much destroyed all the normal evidence,\" said Robert Marshall, fire marshal with the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District. \"When you have that level of burning, it's very difficult to tell exactly what started the fire,\" he said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"DODaLs8w0YWfjnCmcGrBrbhzTQ9FwLCw\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dec. 16 blaze took place at Deal Auto Wrecking, a salvage yard located at Gertrude Avenue and Richmond Parkway. Investigators determined that the blaze broke out in a pile of cars on the northeast side of the yard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The only thing essentially left in that area is steel. Anything that was aluminum melted. Anything that was lead melted,\" Marshall said. \"All we had was piles of metal underneath the cars where the metal had melted and pooled. Even the steel that survived was very deformed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the months before the blaze, county fire and health officials discovered a series of violations for rules governing oil spills, employee training and soil contamination. Officials say those problems were resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But last week county health officials discovered more problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11245360\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11245360\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-800x635.png\" alt=\"Satellite imagery showing Deal Auto Wrecking before the fire.\" width=\"800\" height=\"635\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-800x635.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-160x127.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-1020x810.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-1180x937.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-960x762.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-240x191.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-375x298.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-520x413.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM.png 1623w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite imagery showing Deal Auto Wrecking before the fire. \u003ccite>(Google Earth)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A health and hazardous materials inspector at the site found an open hazardous waste container under a car crusher, according to Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa's chief health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer said the inspector found that containers used to hold gasoline drained from cars were in poor condition. The inspector also found problems with how the company handles oil filters from vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deal Auto Wrecking was given 30 days to correct the violations. A follow-up inspection is planned next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days after the fire, Contra Costa County Supervisor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/22/local-official-wants-to-close-richmond-auto-yard-involved-in-fire/\" target=\"_blank\">John Gioia said he wanted to find a way to close the yard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire is under investigation, according to Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to reach Deal Auto Wrecking and the owner of the land that burned in the fire have been unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Contra Costa County health inspectors have discovered a new round of serious hazardous waste violations at the Richmond-area auto-wrecking yard where some 200 vehicles burned in a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/16/massive-richmond-auto-yard-fire-triggers-shelter-in-place-order/\" target=\"_blank\">large fire\u003c/a> in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, investigators say the fire that prompted a shelter-in-place order for local residents and schools and sent a huge column of smoke into the East Bay skies was so damaging that they are unable to determine the cause of the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire was so big and so hot that it pretty much destroyed all the normal evidence,\" said Robert Marshall, fire marshal with the Contra Costa County Fire Protection District. \"When you have that level of burning, it's very difficult to tell exactly what started the fire,\" he said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Dec. 16 blaze took place at Deal Auto Wrecking, a salvage yard located at Gertrude Avenue and Richmond Parkway. Investigators determined that the blaze broke out in a pile of cars on the northeast side of the yard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The only thing essentially left in that area is steel. Anything that was aluminum melted. Anything that was lead melted,\" Marshall said. \"All we had was piles of metal underneath the cars where the metal had melted and pooled. Even the steel that survived was very deformed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the months before the blaze, county fire and health officials discovered a series of violations for rules governing oil spills, employee training and soil contamination. Officials say those problems were resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But last week county health officials discovered more problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11245360\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11245360\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-800x635.png\" alt=\"Satellite imagery showing Deal Auto Wrecking before the fire.\" width=\"800\" height=\"635\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-800x635.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-160x127.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-1020x810.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-1180x937.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-960x762.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-240x191.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-375x298.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM-520x413.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/12/Screen-Shot-2016-12-30-at-2.07.58-PM.png 1623w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Satellite imagery showing Deal Auto Wrecking before the fire. \u003ccite>(Google Earth)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A health and hazardous materials inspector at the site found an open hazardous waste container under a car crusher, according to Randy Sawyer, Contra Costa's chief health and hazardous materials officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sawyer said the inspector found that containers used to hold gasoline drained from cars were in poor condition. The inspector also found problems with how the company handles oil filters from vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deal Auto Wrecking was given 30 days to correct the violations. A follow-up inspection is planned next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days after the fire, Contra Costa County Supervisor \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/12/22/local-official-wants-to-close-richmond-auto-yard-involved-in-fire/\" target=\"_blank\">John Gioia said he wanted to find a way to close the yard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire is under investigation, according to Bay Area Air Quality Management District spokesman Ralph Borrmann.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to reach Deal Auto Wrecking and the owner of the land that burned in the fire have been unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Regulators May Reopen Aliso Canyon Gas Field Over Residents’ Objections",
"title": "Regulators May Reopen Aliso Canyon Gas Field Over Residents’ Objections",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>About a year after plugging the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/25/study-porter-ranch-gas-leak-doubled-l-a-s-methane-emissions/\" target=\"_blank\">largest methane leak in U.S. history\u003c/a>, Southern California Gas Co. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/18/aliso-canyon-natural-gas-field-could-reopen-after-public-hearings/\" target=\"_blank\">may once again start pumping natural gas\u003c/a> into its Aliso Canyon storage field in Los Angeles County. State regulators are weighing whether to reopen the gas field over the objections of residents and politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the wells are safe,\" says Ken Harris, California’s Oil and Gas supervisor, one of two regulators making the decision. He says SoCalGas has replaced miles of pipeline at the field. Inspectors have cleared 37 out of 114 gas wells for operation so far and are still checking out the rest. And Harris says new rules would require more and better inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Jhl3w6oZu7KadEljJ9gCN4m4fd05VXbY\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the present condition of the well we have confidence in. It’s how it’s going to be operated, and the fact that these tests will be carried out in the future, so we’ll be able to follow the health of the well, something that was not done in the past,\" Harris says. “I don’t think any gas field has been through the level of scrutiny Aliso Canyon has been under.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris says the public has to trust the technical expertise of his agency, the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) and the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hundreds of people packed public meetings in Woodland Hills last week to oppose the reopening of Aliso Canyon and say they absolutely do not trust the regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/02/2017-02-09b-tcr.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/PorterRanchProtesters-800x559.jpg\" Title=\"Regulators May Reopen Aliso Canyon Gas Field, Over Objections of Residents\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial leak temporarily \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/03/court-gives-residents-30-days-not-8-to-return-home-after-porter-ranch-leak/\" target=\"_blank\">forced thousands of families\u003c/a> in the hillside community of Porter Ranch from their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last year some disputes with SoCalGas -- like relocation costs and home cleaning -- have been settled. As of the end of 2016, SoCalGas has spent $764 million on its response to the leak, a figure that includes both site safety and upgrades and community response.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Health Study Hasn’t Begun\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But other major questions remain unresolved. Dissatisfied Porter Ranch residents still wonder exactly what's to blame for the headaches, nosebleeds, nausea and other health symptoms reported by some residents, first during the leak and intermittently since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We don't need you to sell us on the need or the safety of this facility. What we need is to stop being sick.'\u003ccite>Helen Ritenour, former Porter Ranch resident\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Those complaints flared up again during a period when the company announced it was withdrawing small amounts of gas from Aliso Canyon to cover demand on cold days in January. Twenty-nine odor complaints were filed with the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD), but SoCalGas points out that fenceline data from eight pairs of monitors showed normal background levels of airborne pollutants during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No health study is yet underway, in part because of disputes between public officials and SoCalGas about any study's scope and cost. But that's changing. On Wednesday, the AQMD settled a civil lawsuit against SoCalGas for $8.5 million, which includes $1 million for a health investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a release from the AQMD, that will include “an enhanced assessment of residents' exposure to air pollution from the leak; a community health survey; and an analysis of potential associations between reported health effects and exposure to air pollutants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2017/02/2017-02-10c-tcr.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/AlisoProtest-800x533.jpg\" Title=\"Porter Ranch Doctor Calls for Independent Health Study of Gas Leak\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health -- a potential partner in the AQMD’s effort -- seeks a multiyear, multimillion-dollar study, says Angelo Bellomo, the county’s director of environmental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether this facility stays closed forever, or whether it resumes operation, having the kind of study we’re talking about is the only way this community will have closure to their health concerns and needs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bellomo notes that it will take $12-13 million to fund a multiyear, \"meaningful study\" for the residents of Porter Ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is a 'Root-Cause Analysis' Necessary?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Residents say they’re also waiting for someone to investigate the root cause of the natural gas blowout. On the first night of two public meetings, members of the activist group Save Porter Ranch seized control of the public meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calen McGee, the facilitator hired by the state to run the meeting, said, “You’re stopping this meeting,” and “Stop that,” as members of the audience chanted, “We are the public! We are the public!” and “Let them speak! Let them speak!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Mollydacious/status/826998046860795907\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A leader of Save Porter Ranch, Matt Pakucko, vented his frustration through a bullhorn once his microphone was cut off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you cannot absolutely state, with the root-cause analysis completed, what caused the blowout, then you cannot claim that this facility is safe,” Pakucko shouted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Henry Stern has introduced a bill to require that analysis to be completed before the gas field reopens. Some Republican lawmakers and U.S. Sen. Dianne Feinstein have signed on, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The hope is we don’t have to push the bill all the way through and that they’ll take a pause here and reassess, not rush this thing but we’ll go that route if we have to.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas says Stern’s legislation and a root-cause analysis are “unnecessary” because a federal report has identified an equipment problem for the well that failed, SS-25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That report found a leak in the outer casing of the well, and SoCalGas points out that DOGGR’s well testing covers the outer casing of every well approved to return to service.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Longer-Term Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Independent experts, including a Louisiana-based engineering firm consulting for Los Angeles County, are raising technical questions to which DOGGR and CPUC must respond before making the decision to reopen the Aliso Canyon field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says that this storage field is critical to meeting peak demand on the coldest and hottest days, another question disputed by consultants for the county and Food and Water Watch, an advocacy group seeking to shut the gas field down permanently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Required by law, the state will soon begin to look into whether it can provide enough power without Aliso Canyon’s gas reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CPUC executive director Tim Sullivan says that question is separate from the decision to reopen, the process underway now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ujuwk8f0jd3HxKAGIq9f4k7vRzLQw2DI\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first decision we have to make is, based on the facts and the investments and the repairs that have been done, is the facility safe enough to open? The second question is, does it make sense to have this facility here in the long run?” Sullivan says. “And decisions in the short term aren’t necessarily influencing decisions in the long term.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liza Tucker, with the advocacy group Consumer Watchdog, says the fact that so many questions remain unanswered is itself evidence that reopening Aliso Canyon is a bad idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea that we have communities living practically on top of those gas wells and that we had a terrible accident that displaced thousands of people and sickened hundreds of people tells you something,” Tucker says. “It’s not worth the risk of reopening the facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Ritenour, a former Porter Ranch resident who testified at the recent public meeting, says regulators should take action to protect her community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen months ago, when a well first blew at Aliso Canyon, Ritenour and her husband had just bought their first home in Porter Ranch, and had a baby. She told DOGGR chief Harris and CPUC executive director Sullivan that her health risks remain unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t need you to sell us on the need or the safety of this facility. What we need is to stop being sick,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ritenour says she and her neighbors just want to feel safe again.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>About a year after plugging the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/02/25/study-porter-ranch-gas-leak-doubled-l-a-s-methane-emissions/\" target=\"_blank\">largest methane leak in U.S. history\u003c/a>, Southern California Gas Co. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/18/aliso-canyon-natural-gas-field-could-reopen-after-public-hearings/\" target=\"_blank\">may once again start pumping natural gas\u003c/a> into its Aliso Canyon storage field in Los Angeles County. State regulators are weighing whether to reopen the gas field over the objections of residents and politicians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think the wells are safe,\" says Ken Harris, California’s Oil and Gas supervisor, one of two regulators making the decision. He says SoCalGas has replaced miles of pipeline at the field. Inspectors have cleared 37 out of 114 gas wells for operation so far and are still checking out the rest. And Harris says new rules would require more and better inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the present condition of the well we have confidence in. It’s how it’s going to be operated, and the fact that these tests will be carried out in the future, so we’ll be able to follow the health of the well, something that was not done in the past,\" Harris says. “I don’t think any gas field has been through the level of scrutiny Aliso Canyon has been under.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris says the public has to trust the technical expertise of his agency, the Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources (DOGGR) and the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hundreds of people packed public meetings in Woodland Hills last week to oppose the reopening of Aliso Canyon and say they absolutely do not trust the regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial leak temporarily \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/03/03/court-gives-residents-30-days-not-8-to-return-home-after-porter-ranch-leak/\" target=\"_blank\">forced thousands of families\u003c/a> in the hillside community of Porter Ranch from their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last year some disputes with SoCalGas -- like relocation costs and home cleaning -- have been settled. As of the end of 2016, SoCalGas has spent $764 million on its response to the leak, a figure that includes both site safety and upgrades and community response.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Health Study Hasn’t Begun\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But other major questions remain unresolved. Dissatisfied Porter Ranch residents still wonder exactly what's to blame for the headaches, nosebleeds, nausea and other health symptoms reported by some residents, first during the leak and intermittently since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We don't need you to sell us on the need or the safety of this facility. What we need is to stop being sick.'\u003ccite>Helen Ritenour, former Porter Ranch resident\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Those complaints flared up again during a period when the company announced it was withdrawing small amounts of gas from Aliso Canyon to cover demand on cold days in January. Twenty-nine odor complaints were filed with the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD), but SoCalGas points out that fenceline data from eight pairs of monitors showed normal background levels of airborne pollutants during that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No health study is yet underway, in part because of disputes between public officials and SoCalGas about any study's scope and cost. But that's changing. On Wednesday, the AQMD settled a civil lawsuit against SoCalGas for $8.5 million, which includes $1 million for a health investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a release from the AQMD, that will include “an enhanced assessment of residents' exposure to air pollution from the leak; a community health survey; and an analysis of potential associations between reported health effects and exposure to air pollutants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health -- a potential partner in the AQMD’s effort -- seeks a multiyear, multimillion-dollar study, says Angelo Bellomo, the county’s director of environmental health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether this facility stays closed forever, or whether it resumes operation, having the kind of study we’re talking about is the only way this community will have closure to their health concerns and needs,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bellomo notes that it will take $12-13 million to fund a multiyear, \"meaningful study\" for the residents of Porter Ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is a 'Root-Cause Analysis' Necessary?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Residents say they’re also waiting for someone to investigate the root cause of the natural gas blowout. On the first night of two public meetings, members of the activist group Save Porter Ranch seized control of the public meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calen McGee, the facilitator hired by the state to run the meeting, said, “You’re stopping this meeting,” and “Stop that,” as members of the audience chanted, “We are the public! We are the public!” and “Let them speak! Let them speak!”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>A leader of Save Porter Ranch, Matt Pakucko, vented his frustration through a bullhorn once his microphone was cut off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you cannot absolutely state, with the root-cause analysis completed, what caused the blowout, then you cannot claim that this facility is safe,” Pakucko shouted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Henry Stern has introduced a bill to require that analysis to be completed before the gas field reopens. Some Republican lawmakers and U.S. Sen. Dianne Feinstein have signed on, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The hope is we don’t have to push the bill all the way through and that they’ll take a pause here and reassess, not rush this thing but we’ll go that route if we have to.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SoCalGas says Stern’s legislation and a root-cause analysis are “unnecessary” because a federal report has identified an equipment problem for the well that failed, SS-25.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That report found a leak in the outer casing of the well, and SoCalGas points out that DOGGR’s well testing covers the outer casing of every well approved to return to service.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Longer-Term Questions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Independent experts, including a Louisiana-based engineering firm consulting for Los Angeles County, are raising technical questions to which DOGGR and CPUC must respond before making the decision to reopen the Aliso Canyon field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company says that this storage field is critical to meeting peak demand on the coldest and hottest days, another question disputed by consultants for the county and Food and Water Watch, an advocacy group seeking to shut the gas field down permanently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Required by law, the state will soon begin to look into whether it can provide enough power without Aliso Canyon’s gas reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CPUC executive director Tim Sullivan says that question is separate from the decision to reopen, the process underway now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first decision we have to make is, based on the facts and the investments and the repairs that have been done, is the facility safe enough to open? The second question is, does it make sense to have this facility here in the long run?” Sullivan says. “And decisions in the short term aren’t necessarily influencing decisions in the long term.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liza Tucker, with the advocacy group Consumer Watchdog, says the fact that so many questions remain unanswered is itself evidence that reopening Aliso Canyon is a bad idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea that we have communities living practically on top of those gas wells and that we had a terrible accident that displaced thousands of people and sickened hundreds of people tells you something,” Tucker says. “It’s not worth the risk of reopening the facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helen Ritenour, a former Porter Ranch resident who testified at the recent public meeting, says regulators should take action to protect her community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fifteen months ago, when a well first blew at Aliso Canyon, Ritenour and her husband had just bought their first home in Porter Ranch, and had a baby. She told DOGGR chief Harris and CPUC executive director Sullivan that her health risks remain unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t need you to sell us on the need or the safety of this facility. What we need is to stop being sick,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Tom Price Confirmed as Secretary of Health and Human Services",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Senate confirmed Rep. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/28/502566553/trump-chooses-rep-tom-price-an-obamacare-foe-to-run-hhs\">Tom Price\u003c/a> (R-Georgia) early Friday as the new secretary of Health and Human Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was approved by a party-line vote of 52-47. Democrats were concerned that the conservative congressman wants to pare down government health programs. They were also troubled by lingering ethics questions over Price's investments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his new role, Price, a retired orthopedic surgeon from suburban Atlanta who served as chairman of the House Budget Committee, is expected to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/03/508074966/republicans-take-the-first-step-to-repeal-obamacare\" target=\"_blank\">implement the repeal\u003c/a> and replacement of the Affordable Care Act, which his colleagues in Congress have been working on this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price will oversee a $1 trillion agency, the largest budget of any Cabinet secretary. In addition to Obamacare, HHS administers the Medicare and Medicaid programs and oversees the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/02/01/512687027/hhs-nominee-tom-price-targeted-panel-that-urged-fewer-cancer-screenings\" target=\"_blank\">National Institutes of Health\u003c/a>, among other programs and agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Price's confirmation, HHS now has as its leader a budget hawk who \u003ca href=\"http://tomprice.house.gov/sites/tomprice.house.gov/files/HR%202300%20Empowering%20Patients%20First%20Act%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">has proposed\u003c/a> replacing the Affordable Care Act subsidies that are tied to income, with tax credits to purchase insurance. Tax credits are not determined by an individual's income level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price also supports \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/26/503158039/paul-ryans-plan-to-change-medicare-looks-a-lot-like-obamacare\" target=\"_blank\">the proposal\u003c/a> by House Speaker Paul Ryan to turn Medicare into what some call a \"voucher\" program. Under the plan, beneficiaries would receive \"premium support\" from the government to buy a Medicare health plan through an exchange. The private plans would compete against the traditional government-run program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/18/510472472/senate-health-committee-questions-rep-tom-price-in-hhs-confirmation-hearing\" target=\"_blank\">confirmation hearing\u003c/a>, Price said his goal was that everyone have access to health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I commit to the American people is to keep patients at the center of health care. And what that means to me is making certain every single American has access to affordable health coverage,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats spent hours on Thursday reading stories from their constituents about how the Affordable Care Act helped them, and tried to make the case that Price is a threat to Medicare, Medicaid and health care for people who have ongoing medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congressman Price's budget in the House cuts nearly $500 million from Medicare and turns it into a voucher program,\" said \u003ca href=\"https://www.billnelson.senate.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Sen. Bill Nelson\u003c/a> (D-Florida) during the 30-hour debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obamacare replacement \u003ca href=\"http://tomprice.house.gov/sites/tomprice.house.gov/files/HR%202300%20Empowering%20Patients%20First%20Act%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Price proposed\u003c/a> included offering tax credits starting at $1,200 a year to allow people to buy health insurance, boosting the use of tax-advantaged health savings accounts and limiting the tax deduction companies take for providing health insurance to workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those ideas are the core of what Republicans say they want to do to replace the ACA, but the details of how big the tax credits would be and exactly how the HSAs would be structured are unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his confirmation, Price was dogged by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/18/510459094/tom-price-hhs-nominee-faces-tough-questions-on-stocks-deals-and-obamacare\" target=\"_blank\">questions\u003c/a> about investments he made in health care-related companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price says he followed all congressional ethics rules, but his \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/19/510593180/a-roundup-of-the-controversies-over-rep-tom-prices-investments\" target=\"_blank\">well-timed trades\u003c/a> made it appear that he could have used his position to influence the price of stocks he owned, or that he received special treatment from companies in which he invested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans in the Senate were satisfied with his explanations, however, and the former congressman will be headed to his new office today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Senate confirmed Rep. \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/28/502566553/trump-chooses-rep-tom-price-an-obamacare-foe-to-run-hhs\">Tom Price\u003c/a> (R-Georgia) early Friday as the new secretary of Health and Human Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He was approved by a party-line vote of 52-47. Democrats were concerned that the conservative congressman wants to pare down government health programs. They were also troubled by lingering ethics questions over Price's investments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his new role, Price, a retired orthopedic surgeon from suburban Atlanta who served as chairman of the House Budget Committee, is expected to \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/03/508074966/republicans-take-the-first-step-to-repeal-obamacare\" target=\"_blank\">implement the repeal\u003c/a> and replacement of the Affordable Care Act, which his colleagues in Congress have been working on this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price will oversee a $1 trillion agency, the largest budget of any Cabinet secretary. In addition to Obamacare, HHS administers the Medicare and Medicaid programs and oversees the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/02/01/512687027/hhs-nominee-tom-price-targeted-panel-that-urged-fewer-cancer-screenings\" target=\"_blank\">National Institutes of Health\u003c/a>, among other programs and agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Price's confirmation, HHS now has as its leader a budget hawk who \u003ca href=\"http://tomprice.house.gov/sites/tomprice.house.gov/files/HR%202300%20Empowering%20Patients%20First%20Act%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">has proposed\u003c/a> replacing the Affordable Care Act subsidies that are tied to income, with tax credits to purchase insurance. Tax credits are not determined by an individual's income level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price also supports \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/11/26/503158039/paul-ryans-plan-to-change-medicare-looks-a-lot-like-obamacare\" target=\"_blank\">the proposal\u003c/a> by House Speaker Paul Ryan to turn Medicare into what some call a \"voucher\" program. Under the plan, beneficiaries would receive \"premium support\" from the government to buy a Medicare health plan through an exchange. The private plans would compete against the traditional government-run program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/18/510472472/senate-health-committee-questions-rep-tom-price-in-hhs-confirmation-hearing\" target=\"_blank\">confirmation hearing\u003c/a>, Price said his goal was that everyone have access to health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I commit to the American people is to keep patients at the center of health care. And what that means to me is making certain every single American has access to affordable health coverage,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats spent hours on Thursday reading stories from their constituents about how the Affordable Care Act helped them, and tried to make the case that Price is a threat to Medicare, Medicaid and health care for people who have ongoing medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Congressman Price's budget in the House cuts nearly $500 million from Medicare and turns it into a voucher program,\" said \u003ca href=\"https://www.billnelson.senate.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Sen. Bill Nelson\u003c/a> (D-Florida) during the 30-hour debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Obamacare replacement \u003ca href=\"http://tomprice.house.gov/sites/tomprice.house.gov/files/HR%202300%20Empowering%20Patients%20First%20Act%202015.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Price proposed\u003c/a> included offering tax credits starting at $1,200 a year to allow people to buy health insurance, boosting the use of tax-advantaged health savings accounts and limiting the tax deduction companies take for providing health insurance to workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those ideas are the core of what Republicans say they want to do to replace the ACA, but the details of how big the tax credits would be and exactly how the HSAs would be structured are unknown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his confirmation, Price was dogged by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/01/18/510459094/tom-price-hhs-nominee-faces-tough-questions-on-stocks-deals-and-obamacare\" target=\"_blank\">questions\u003c/a> about investments he made in health care-related companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price says he followed all congressional ethics rules, but his \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/01/19/510593180/a-roundup-of-the-controversies-over-rep-tom-prices-investments\" target=\"_blank\">well-timed trades\u003c/a> made it appear that he could have used his position to influence the price of stocks he owned, or that he received special treatment from companies in which he invested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans in the Senate were satisfied with his explanations, however, and the former congressman will be headed to his new office today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/download.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new survey\u003c/a> from the Public Policy Institute of California finds overall that 30 percent of adults approve of the way President Trump is doing his job. But those numbers split sharply along party lines, with 72 percent of Republicans approving of the new president and 82 percent of Democrats disapproving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results demonstrate the state’s diversity, said PPIC president and CEO Mark Baldassare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being not just geographically large but large in population, we’re a state that has a lot of unique and different political views within it that are represented,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown and the Democratic-controlled state Legislature seem to be faring well. The PPIC poll finds 62 percent of Californians approve of the job Brown’s doing — that’s the highest ever recorded by the survey. The Legislature’s approval rating is 57 percent, its highest point since 2001. However, there are deep partisan divides on that issue as well, with Republicans tending to disapprove of both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11309609\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 398px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11309609 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval.jpg\" alt=\"Gov_Leg_Approval\" width=\"398\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval.jpg 398w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval-160x141.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval-240x212.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval-375x331.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Courtesy of PPIC \u003ccite>(Courtesy of PPIC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Baldassare says much of the goodwill being shown toward the governor and Legislature is likely related to California’s strong economy in recent years and the state spending money on programs people care about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I also think that there is hope and there is expectation on the part of Californians, at this time when many Californians are troubled about the direction of the country, that our leadership here will be up to the task,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change proved to be another partisan issue, with 65 percent of adults, including 82 percent of Democrats and 62 percent of independents, believing it is a major threat to the country’s well-being. Republicans were more likely to classify climate change as a minor threat or not a threat at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11309610\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 392px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11309610 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx.jpg\" alt=\"ClimateChange_Gfx\" width=\"392\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx.jpg 392w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx-160x139.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx-240x208.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx-375x325.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 392px) 100vw, 392px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Courtesy of PPIC \u003ccite>(Courtesy of PPIC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One area that defied partisan divides was illegal immigration: 85 percent of adults, including 65 percent of Republicans, said undocumented immigrants should be allowed to stay in the country. Baldassare says many in California see immigration as a settled issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most Californians believe that the immigrants in our state are a net benefit to the people and economy of California,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the top issues that concern Californians were the economy, immigration and education.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/download.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new survey\u003c/a> from the Public Policy Institute of California finds overall that 30 percent of adults approve of the way President Trump is doing his job. But those numbers split sharply along party lines, with 72 percent of Republicans approving of the new president and 82 percent of Democrats disapproving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results demonstrate the state’s diversity, said PPIC president and CEO Mark Baldassare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being not just geographically large but large in population, we’re a state that has a lot of unique and different political views within it that are represented,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown and the Democratic-controlled state Legislature seem to be faring well. The PPIC poll finds 62 percent of Californians approve of the job Brown’s doing — that’s the highest ever recorded by the survey. The Legislature’s approval rating is 57 percent, its highest point since 2001. However, there are deep partisan divides on that issue as well, with Republicans tending to disapprove of both.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11309609\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 398px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11309609 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval.jpg\" alt=\"Gov_Leg_Approval\" width=\"398\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval.jpg 398w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval-160x141.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval-240x212.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/Gov_Leg_Approval-375x331.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Courtesy of PPIC \u003ccite>(Courtesy of PPIC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Baldassare says much of the goodwill being shown toward the governor and Legislature is likely related to California’s strong economy in recent years and the state spending money on programs people care about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I also think that there is hope and there is expectation on the part of Californians, at this time when many Californians are troubled about the direction of the country, that our leadership here will be up to the task,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change proved to be another partisan issue, with 65 percent of adults, including 82 percent of Democrats and 62 percent of independents, believing it is a major threat to the country’s well-being. Republicans were more likely to classify climate change as a minor threat or not a threat at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11309610\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 392px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11309610 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx.jpg\" alt=\"ClimateChange_Gfx\" width=\"392\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx.jpg 392w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx-160x139.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx-240x208.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/02/ClimateChange_Gfx-375x325.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 392px) 100vw, 392px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Courtesy of PPIC \u003ccite>(Courtesy of PPIC)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One area that defied partisan divides was illegal immigration: 85 percent of adults, including 65 percent of Republicans, said undocumented immigrants should be allowed to stay in the country. Baldassare says many in California see immigration as a settled issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most Californians believe that the immigrants in our state are a net benefit to the people and economy of California,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the top issues that concern Californians were the economy, immigration and education.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Understanding Silicon Valley's Newfound Activism",
"title": "Understanding Silicon Valley's Newfound Activism",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Silicon Valley may want to change the world, but traditionally it has stayed out of the realm of politics to do it. So how to explain the sudden explosion of political protest against President Trump’s Jan. 27 executive order on immigration?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crunchbase.com/person/tony-xu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tony Xu\u003c/a>’s metamorphosis provides one answer. Xu is the co-founder of the food delivery startup DoorDash, which is one of the tech companies that signed onto the \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/talkingtech/2017/02/06/97-companies-immigration-amicus-brief-trump-tech-google-apple-facebook/97561452/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">immigration amicus brief\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am usually not politically involved,” Xu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/306934888\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the executive order touched a nerve. Xu immigrated from China to the U.S. when he was 5, and his family lived on food stamps when they first arrived. Today, DoorDash is valued at about $700 million, and employs hundreds of employees and tens of thousands of contractors across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, the typical immigrant story,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a typical Silicon Valley story. From the Hungarian-born Andy Grove, who went on to be a founder of Intel, to Soviet-born Sergey Brin at Google and \u003ca href=\"http://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/expedia-ceo-says-trump-visa-order-shows-the-worst-of-his-proclivity-toward-rash-action/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dara Khosrowshahi\u003c/a>, the Iranian-born American citizen who is the CEO of Expedia, immigrants have been integral to the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The special sauce in Silicon Valley has always been this amalgamation of people from different backgrounds and different skill sets,” Xu said. “It’s best that we can congregate as much of that in Silicon Valley to solve the next set of problems. If we stop the flood of talent, that’s not going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s executive order isn’t \u003cem>really\u003c/em> stopping that flood of talent. The number of tech workers from the seven countries named in the immigration ban represent a very small portion of the tech workforce. In a leaked email, Google CEO Sundar Pichai said \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/28/google-ceo-sundar-pichai-fears-impact-of-trump-immigration-order-recalls-staff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a minimum of 187 Google employees\u003c/a> were affected. Google employs about 60,000 people around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the relatively small numbers affected by the executive order, the protests and general outrage on Twitter among tech workers seems disproportionate. So what gives?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While exact numbers are difficult to come by, \u003ca href=\"http://www.jointventure.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joint Venture Silicon Valley\u003c/a> estimates that roughly 30 percent of tech workers are foreign-born noncitizens, in the U.S. on green cards and various visas. And the executive order, coupled with Trump’s divisive rhetoric against immigrants during the campaign, are being interpreted by this workforce as an attack on immigration writ large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have this era of uncertainty where people are unsure and all they can think about, appropriately, is their immigration process,” said Romish Badani, co-founder and CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://www.bridge.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bridge US\u003c/a>, a San Francisco-based company that helps other firms with the immigration process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s very little productive work that probably got done last week for a foreign national, whether you’re an entrepreneur or you’re an employee of a company,” Badani said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That decline in productivity was on view at Google’s Mountain View campus last week. Hundreds of employees stopped work to hold a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/google-employees-protest-trumps-immigration-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protest \u003c/a>against the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the protest, it was clear that the messy rollout of the executive order created panic. Tech workers with green cards weren’t sure if they could enter the country. At one point it appeared the Trump administration reserved the right to revoke visas that were already granted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soufi Esmaeilzadeh, a product manager at Google, got caught up in this chaos. She’s a Canadian citizen who was born in Iran and is in the U.S. on a green card. The Friday the executive order was issued, Esmaeilzadeh was in Switzerland on a business trip. She called Google to ask if she should come home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esmaeilzadeh read from the company's emailed response to her, as she stood before the gathering of protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I highly recommend that you do not return to the states right now,” she read. \"And that we figure out a short-, medium- and long-term plan about where we can place you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esmaeilzadeh asked the company what would happen if she tried to return to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google answered that “the likelihood was very high that I would either be deported or turned away or put on the next flight to Canada or back to Europe,” Esmaeilzadeh said. “Either of those situations could be put into my record and cause problems for me in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a judge in Seattle put a hold on the ban, Esmaeilzadeh said Google told her to rush back home. But the scenario raises many questions. If you’re Google, do you stop sending some noncitizens on business trips for fear another order might come down? How do you recruit and plan in the face of such uncertainty?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Tippett’s answer: move to Canada. Tippett is with \u003ca href=\"https://true-north-ventures.myshopify.com/pages/about-true-north\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">True North\u003c/a>, a company that is helping American tech companies with foreign workers set up subsidiaries in Vancouver. He says Canada has friendlier immigration policies when it comes to tech workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the eventual outcome of this could be that you get an exodus of incredibly talented world-class experts who have been brought to Silicon Valley,” Tippett said. But they may “find themselves wanting to find a second home and Vancouver might be that place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does this mean Vancouver is the new Silicon Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not by a long shot, say venture capitalists. While Silicon Valley is feeling uncertain about what lies ahead, the fact remains that the venture money and big companies are established in the San Francisco Bay Area. And a few defections aren't going to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://60db.co/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">60dB\u003c/a> is a personalized radio app where you can hear Liz Gannes' work and more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our ongoing series on Techquity: Diversity, Inclusion and Equity in Silicon Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Immigrants have been integral to the tech industry, and President Trump's executive order banning immigration has touched a nerve.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/author/qkim/\">Queena Sook Kim\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lizgannes\">Liz Gannes\u003ca/>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Silicon Valley may want to change the world, but traditionally it has stayed out of the realm of politics to do it. So how to explain the sudden explosion of political protest against President Trump’s Jan. 27 executive order on immigration?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.crunchbase.com/person/tony-xu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tony Xu\u003c/a>’s metamorphosis provides one answer. Xu is the co-founder of the food delivery startup DoorDash, which is one of the tech companies that signed onto the \u003ca href=\"http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/talkingtech/2017/02/06/97-companies-immigration-amicus-brief-trump-tech-google-apple-facebook/97561452/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">immigration amicus brief\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am usually not politically involved,” Xu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/306934888&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/306934888'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the executive order touched a nerve. Xu immigrated from China to the U.S. when he was 5, and his family lived on food stamps when they first arrived. Today, DoorDash is valued at about $700 million, and employs hundreds of employees and tens of thousands of contractors across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, the typical immigrant story,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a typical Silicon Valley story. From the Hungarian-born Andy Grove, who went on to be a founder of Intel, to Soviet-born Sergey Brin at Google and \u003ca href=\"http://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/expedia-ceo-says-trump-visa-order-shows-the-worst-of-his-proclivity-toward-rash-action/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dara Khosrowshahi\u003c/a>, the Iranian-born American citizen who is the CEO of Expedia, immigrants have been integral to the tech industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The special sauce in Silicon Valley has always been this amalgamation of people from different backgrounds and different skill sets,” Xu said. “It’s best that we can congregate as much of that in Silicon Valley to solve the next set of problems. If we stop the flood of talent, that’s not going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s executive order isn’t \u003cem>really\u003c/em> stopping that flood of talent. The number of tech workers from the seven countries named in the immigration ban represent a very small portion of the tech workforce. In a leaked email, Google CEO Sundar Pichai said \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/28/google-ceo-sundar-pichai-fears-impact-of-trump-immigration-order-recalls-staff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a minimum of 187 Google employees\u003c/a> were affected. Google employs about 60,000 people around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the relatively small numbers affected by the executive order, the protests and general outrage on Twitter among tech workers seems disproportionate. So what gives?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While exact numbers are difficult to come by, \u003ca href=\"http://www.jointventure.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joint Venture Silicon Valley\u003c/a> estimates that roughly 30 percent of tech workers are foreign-born noncitizens, in the U.S. on green cards and various visas. And the executive order, coupled with Trump’s divisive rhetoric against immigrants during the campaign, are being interpreted by this workforce as an attack on immigration writ large.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have this era of uncertainty where people are unsure and all they can think about, appropriately, is their immigration process,” said Romish Badani, co-founder and CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://www.bridge.us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Bridge US\u003c/a>, a San Francisco-based company that helps other firms with the immigration process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s very little productive work that probably got done last week for a foreign national, whether you’re an entrepreneur or you’re an employee of a company,” Badani said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That decline in productivity was on view at Google’s Mountain View campus last week. Hundreds of employees stopped work to hold a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/google-employees-protest-trumps-immigration-ban/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protest \u003c/a>against the executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the protest, it was clear that the messy rollout of the executive order created panic. Tech workers with green cards weren’t sure if they could enter the country. At one point it appeared the Trump administration reserved the right to revoke visas that were already granted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soufi Esmaeilzadeh, a product manager at Google, got caught up in this chaos. She’s a Canadian citizen who was born in Iran and is in the U.S. on a green card. The Friday the executive order was issued, Esmaeilzadeh was in Switzerland on a business trip. She called Google to ask if she should come home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esmaeilzadeh read from the company's emailed response to her, as she stood before the gathering of protesters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I highly recommend that you do not return to the states right now,” she read. \"And that we figure out a short-, medium- and long-term plan about where we can place you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Esmaeilzadeh asked the company what would happen if she tried to return to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google answered that “the likelihood was very high that I would either be deported or turned away or put on the next flight to Canada or back to Europe,” Esmaeilzadeh said. “Either of those situations could be put into my record and cause problems for me in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a judge in Seattle put a hold on the ban, Esmaeilzadeh said Google told her to rush back home. But the scenario raises many questions. If you’re Google, do you stop sending some noncitizens on business trips for fear another order might come down? How do you recruit and plan in the face of such uncertainty?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Tippett’s answer: move to Canada. Tippett is with \u003ca href=\"https://true-north-ventures.myshopify.com/pages/about-true-north\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">True North\u003c/a>, a company that is helping American tech companies with foreign workers set up subsidiaries in Vancouver. He says Canada has friendlier immigration policies when it comes to tech workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the eventual outcome of this could be that you get an exodus of incredibly talented world-class experts who have been brought to Silicon Valley,” Tippett said. But they may “find themselves wanting to find a second home and Vancouver might be that place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So does this mean Vancouver is the new Silicon Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not by a long shot, say venture capitalists. While Silicon Valley is feeling uncertain about what lies ahead, the fact remains that the venture money and big companies are established in the San Francisco Bay Area. And a few defections aren't going to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://60db.co/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">60dB\u003c/a> is a personalized radio app where you can hear Liz Gannes' work and more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of our ongoing series on Techquity: Diversity, Inclusion and Equity in Silicon Valley. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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},
"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"radiolab": {
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