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"content": "\u003cp>Facing pressure from state legislators, Vallejo residents and environmentalists, local air regulators are reversing course and now say they are still trying to figure out what caused an unbearable odor that sickened scores of Vallejo residents and prompted a shelter-in-place order last September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area Air Quality Management District \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/02/28/five-months-later-agencies-still-havent-pinpointed-source-of-vallejo-fumes/\" target=\"_blank\">told KQED last month\u003c/a> that, although it had completed an investigation of the incident, staff never compiled a report or wrote anything down about their work in seeking the source of the fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, Wayne Kino, the air district's director of compliance and enforcement, says the inquiry is still going on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are actively investigating the source of the odor complaints despite the fact that the Coast Guard has closed its case,\" Kino said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ApmjkbYRgX0VZu7eD5tLpsTlXIOQ2KhP\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Coast Guard announced in October that it had determined an oil spill in San Pablo Bay, discovered on Sept. 20 around the same time as the odor complaints came in, originated from either a marine terminal at the Phillips 66 refinery in Rodeo or a tanker that was unloading there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery and the company that own the tanker have rejected the Coast Guard's findings, which did not link the spill to the Vallejo fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kino said the district did not initially understand the magnitude of the Vallejo incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the district received only a handful of air complaints the evening of Sept. 20 and was not aware that 800 people had contacted local emergency dispatchers about the fumes. He suggested that's why the district assigned just one inspector to respond to the fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At that point I don't think it was quite known that we had such a widespread problem,\" Kino said, adding that if the agency had known more, it would have dispatched more inspectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one inspector who responded arrived in Vallejo, a city of 118,000, about an hour after the first complaints came in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would guess she was out there for an hour, maybe two hours,\" Kino said. The inspector couldn't detect the odor and couldn't find where it came from, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district later looked at a number of possible sources, including nearby oil refineries, a sewage plant at the base of the Carquinez Bridge, the C&H Sugar plant in Crockett and ship traffic, Kino said. The agency also checked ground-level air monitors in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, district investigators zeroed in on the Phillips 66 marine terminal, a tanker that was unloading crude there at the time, pipes connecting the terminal and ship, and a vapor-recovery system at the facility. Inspectors did not find enough evidence to tie the spill to the fumes, Kino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State Senator Wants Answers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kino's comments come as state Sen. Bill Dodd, who represents Vallejo, is demanding the air district provide details of its inquiry into the fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The citizens of Vallejo and Solano County deserve an explanation as to what may have happened,\" Dodd wrote \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3514729-Sen-Dodd-BAAQMD-Letter-3-8-17.html\" target=\"_blank\">in a letter to the district\u003c/a> on Wednesday. \"Without identifying the source, it becomes impossible to take measures to prevent or reduce risk of such an event from occurring again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd's letter also says Vallejo's Sutter Solano Medical Center declared a mass casualty incident because so many people were seeking emergency treatment at its facility. That declaration prompted ambulances to transport 20 people to other hospitals in Solano County, Dodd's letter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Details on Air District's Probe\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word of Dodd's letter prompted the air district to provide more details about its investigation and explain why it has released so little information about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kino said district inspectors don't normally keep records of potential sources of pollution that have been eliminated as suspected causes of a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When they're looking for an odor source, they don't necessarily document the negative of that,\" Kino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that much of the communication the air district had with the Coast Guard about the incident was done during in-person meetings that did not involve emails and documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, KQED requested copies of all documents and email correspondence related to the district's work on the odor and spill. District officials then said no such materials exist. An air district spokesman also told KQED its investigation into the odor was completed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kino said Wednesday that documents on the incident do exist, including dozens of complaint reports about the odor and other investigative notes -- all documents the district is refusing to release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the district won't release the records because the district is still investigating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Residents, State Assemblyman, Environmentalists Demand More\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who live in Vallejo are still left without answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them is Heather Blithely, who has pressed the air district for more information on its probe and created a Facebook page called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/303126756731690/\" target=\"_blank\">Phillips 66 Spill Vallejo\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that there's not any paper trail is shocking and disappointing,\" Blithely said in an interview. \"I think it's really disgraceful that they didn't at least let everyone know what they didn't find.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Timothy Grayson, like Sen. Dodd, represents Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I understand and share the frustration of my constituents that we still don't have an answer as to what caused the odor,\" Grayson said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of information has prompted anger from two environmental groups that have followed the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's outrageous that air district officials and other agencies failed to get to the bottom of this major oil pollution incident,\" said Miyoko Sakashita, the Oakland-based oceans director at the Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This weak response to an oil spill that polluted our bay and sent people to the hospital underscores the dangers of shipping crude through our fragile coastal environment,\" Sakashita said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Multiple agencies have strong evidence of the source of this oil spill and the associated fumes that posed a risk to nearby residents,\" said Ian Wren, a staff scientist at San Francisco Baykeeper. \"The failure to enforce our clean air and water laws is unacceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The refinery and the company that own the tanker have rejected the Coast Guard's findings, which did not link the spill to the Vallejo fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kino said the district did not initially understand the magnitude of the Vallejo incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the district received only a handful of air complaints the evening of Sept. 20 and was not aware that 800 people had contacted local emergency dispatchers about the fumes. He suggested that's why the district assigned just one inspector to respond to the fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At that point I don't think it was quite known that we had such a widespread problem,\" Kino said, adding that if the agency had known more, it would have dispatched more inspectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The one inspector who responded arrived in Vallejo, a city of 118,000, about an hour after the first complaints came in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would guess she was out there for an hour, maybe two hours,\" Kino said. The inspector couldn't detect the odor and couldn't find where it came from, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district later looked at a number of possible sources, including nearby oil refineries, a sewage plant at the base of the Carquinez Bridge, the C&H Sugar plant in Crockett and ship traffic, Kino said. The agency also checked ground-level air monitors in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, district investigators zeroed in on the Phillips 66 marine terminal, a tanker that was unloading crude there at the time, pipes connecting the terminal and ship, and a vapor-recovery system at the facility. Inspectors did not find enough evidence to tie the spill to the fumes, Kino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>State Senator Wants Answers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kino's comments come as state Sen. Bill Dodd, who represents Vallejo, is demanding the air district provide details of its inquiry into the fumes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The citizens of Vallejo and Solano County deserve an explanation as to what may have happened,\" Dodd wrote \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3514729-Sen-Dodd-BAAQMD-Letter-3-8-17.html\" target=\"_blank\">in a letter to the district\u003c/a> on Wednesday. \"Without identifying the source, it becomes impossible to take measures to prevent or reduce risk of such an event from occurring again.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd's letter also says Vallejo's Sutter Solano Medical Center declared a mass casualty incident because so many people were seeking emergency treatment at its facility. That declaration prompted ambulances to transport 20 people to other hospitals in Solano County, Dodd's letter says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>New Details on Air District's Probe\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Word of Dodd's letter prompted the air district to provide more details about its investigation and explain why it has released so little information about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kino said district inspectors don't normally keep records of potential sources of pollution that have been eliminated as suspected causes of a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When they're looking for an odor source, they don't necessarily document the negative of that,\" Kino said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that much of the communication the air district had with the Coast Guard about the incident was done during in-person meetings that did not involve emails and documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, KQED requested copies of all documents and email correspondence related to the district's work on the odor and spill. District officials then said no such materials exist. An air district spokesman also told KQED its investigation into the odor was completed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Kino said Wednesday that documents on the incident do exist, including dozens of complaint reports about the odor and other investigative notes -- all documents the district is refusing to release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the district won't release the records because the district is still investigating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Residents, State Assemblyman, Environmentalists Demand More\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who live in Vallejo are still left without answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of them is Heather Blithely, who has pressed the air district for more information on its probe and created a Facebook page called \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/303126756731690/\" target=\"_blank\">Phillips 66 Spill Vallejo\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fact that there's not any paper trail is shocking and disappointing,\" Blithely said in an interview. \"I think it's really disgraceful that they didn't at least let everyone know what they didn't find.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Timothy Grayson, like Sen. Dodd, represents Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I understand and share the frustration of my constituents that we still don't have an answer as to what caused the odor,\" Grayson said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of information has prompted anger from two environmental groups that have followed the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's outrageous that air district officials and other agencies failed to get to the bottom of this major oil pollution incident,\" said Miyoko Sakashita, the Oakland-based oceans director at the Center for Biological Diversity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This weak response to an oil spill that polluted our bay and sent people to the hospital underscores the dangers of shipping crude through our fragile coastal environment,\" Sakashita said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Multiple agencies have strong evidence of the source of this oil spill and the associated fumes that posed a risk to nearby residents,\" said Ian Wren, a staff scientist at San Francisco Baykeeper. \"The failure to enforce our clean air and water laws is unacceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "S.F. City Attorney Asks Court to Block Trump Order Stripping 'Sanctuary City' Funding",
"title": "S.F. City Attorney Asks Court to Block Trump Order Stripping 'Sanctuary City' Funding",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera is asking a federal court to block part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\" target=\"_blank\">presidential executive order \u003c/a>that directs the Trump administration to strip federal funding from so-called sanctuary cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump issued the order just days after assuming office, and Herrera \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/s-f-files-suit-against-trump-saying-punishing-sanctuary-cities-is-illegal/\" target=\"_blank\">sued the following week\u003c/a>. In a \u003ca href=\"https://gallery.mailchimp.com/561c7fcf27d46702f57bdf30b/files/1aeb72fe-4470-490e-bab4-9b507dc755a8/PI_Motion.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">court filing\u003c/a> on Wednesday, Herrera said the city can't wait for the case to play out — or even for Trump to withhold the money — because they're trying to craft a budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the filing, Herrera wrote that the consequences of what he calls a “presidential fiat” are “potentially catastrophic” — the city stands to lose as much as $2 billion — and San Francisco \"cannot stand idly by waiting for the Executive Order's uncertain process to unfold.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"uwqT1UislU8fRJ5YDmu3uTurFG4FivVc\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Withdrawing all — or even a substantial amount — of federal funding would be devastating to San Francisco: the City would be forced to reduce the number of first responders, suspend capital projects, and slash critical service programs,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city would have to put money into a budget reserve to account for the potential loss of significant funds — and that money wouldn't be available for other services and programs when the new fiscal year begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the Trump administration may clarify the scope of the order in the weeks and months to come, \"there is no assurance they will,\" and the city has to make decisions about a budget reserve by May 15. \"San Francisco therefore has no choice but to seek this Court’s intervention now,\" Herrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED has previously reported, there are \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\" target=\"_blank\">serious legal questions about whether the Trump administration can withhold most federal dollars\u003c/a> — questions Herrera brings up in the filing.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In a court filing Wednesday, Herrera said the city can't wait for the court case to play out -- or even for Trump to withhold the money -- because they are trying to craft a budget for the fiscal year that begins in July.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera is asking a federal court to block part of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/25/presidential-executive-order-enhancing-public-safety-interior-united\" target=\"_blank\">presidential executive order \u003c/a>that directs the Trump administration to strip federal funding from so-called sanctuary cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump issued the order just days after assuming office, and Herrera \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/01/31/s-f-files-suit-against-trump-saying-punishing-sanctuary-cities-is-illegal/\" target=\"_blank\">sued the following week\u003c/a>. In a \u003ca href=\"https://gallery.mailchimp.com/561c7fcf27d46702f57bdf30b/files/1aeb72fe-4470-490e-bab4-9b507dc755a8/PI_Motion.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">court filing\u003c/a> on Wednesday, Herrera said the city can't wait for the case to play out — or even for Trump to withhold the money — because they're trying to craft a budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the filing, Herrera wrote that the consequences of what he calls a “presidential fiat” are “potentially catastrophic” — the city stands to lose as much as $2 billion — and San Francisco \"cannot stand idly by waiting for the Executive Order's uncertain process to unfold.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Withdrawing all — or even a substantial amount — of federal funding would be devastating to San Francisco: the City would be forced to reduce the number of first responders, suspend capital projects, and slash critical service programs,\" he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city would have to put money into a budget reserve to account for the potential loss of significant funds — and that money wouldn't be available for other services and programs when the new fiscal year begins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the Trump administration may clarify the scope of the order in the weeks and months to come, \"there is no assurance they will,\" and the city has to make decisions about a budget reserve by May 15. \"San Francisco therefore has no choice but to seek this Court’s intervention now,\" Herrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As KQED has previously reported, there are \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/11/29/donald-trump-wants-to-cut-funding-from-sanctuary-cities-but-can-he/\" target=\"_blank\">serious legal questions about whether the Trump administration can withhold most federal dollars\u003c/a> — questions Herrera brings up in the filing.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Valid Voter Fraud Complaints in California? Dozens, Not Millions",
"title": "Valid Voter Fraud Complaints in California? Dozens, Not Millions",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>With President Donald Trump alleging serious voter fraud in California, and the state’s top election official calling his claim untrue, how much voter fraud is actually under investigation in the Golden State?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not much -- certainly not enough to sway the election, in which California voters chose Hillary Clinton over Trump by \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2016-general/sov/17-presidential-formatted.pdf\">4.3 million votes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the California secretary of state is investigating some cases of potential fraud, not a single case opened last year involves allegations of voting by an immigrant who is in the country illegally -- a stark contrast to the picture painted by Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secretary of state received 948 election-related complaints in 2016, according to its response to a CALmatters’ Public Records Act request. The office determined that more than half (525) did not merit criminal investigation. Of the remaining complaints, 140 are still being screened, 194 were noncriminal problems referred to local officials and 89 triggered investigations by the secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office did not provide details on the 194 cases it sent to local authorities. But of the 89 investigations the secretary of state opened in 2016: 56 are allegations of double voting, 16 are allegations of fraudulent voter registration and one is an alleged case of fraudulent voting. The rest allege wrongdoing by candidates, petition circulators and others who work in the elections arena -- not by voters themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together, the cases the secretary of state's office is investigating and those it referred to counties amount to one one-thousandth of one percent (0.001%) of the more than 23 million votes cast in California’s primary and general elections last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[MillionsOfVotes]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The miniscule number “undercounts the amount of potential fraud because a lot of it would not be reported,” said Richard Hasen, a professor of election law at the University of California, Irvine. It also doesn’t include investigations that could be underway if initiated by prosecutors in the state's 58 counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Hasen said, “I see no evidence that voter fraud is a major problem in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He cited an exhaustive \u003ca href=\"http://votingrights.news21.com/interactive/election-fraud-database/index.html\">study\u003c/a> that found just 56 cases of election fraud in California between 2000 and 2012, most of it perpetrated by campaign officials, not voters. The view held by Hasen and supported by many \u003ca href=\"http://www.brennancenter.org/analysis/debunking-voter-fraud-myth\">academic studies\u003c/a> conflicts with claims by Trump, who has been complaining about fraudulent voting for months, without citing evidence of a widespread problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/802972944532209664\">tweeted\u003c/a> that “the millions of people who voted illegally” had cost him the popular vote, and that there was “serious voter fraud in Virginia, New Hampshire and California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/802972944532209664\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He repeated similar claims \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/01/23/at-white-house-trump-tells-congressional-leaders-3-5-million-illegal-ballots-cost-him-the-popular-vote/?utm_term=.4e66c523d7f6\">in a meeting\u003c/a> with congressional leaders in January, and then \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/05/trump-says-pence-to-lead-voter-registration-fraud-probe-leaves-door-open-on-scrapping-iran-deal.html\">announced\u003c/a> in February that he would put Vice President Mike Pence in charge of investigating voter fraud. Pence is forming a \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/320666-pence-filling-out-voter-fraud-task-force\">task force\u003c/a> to do the investigation, though a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/02/poll-donald-trump-voter-fraud-234458\">recent poll\u003c/a> found that only 1 in 4 voters believes Trump’s claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The burden is on the president and his team to bring forward proof or evidence,” said Secretary of State Alex Padilla, a Democrat. “We’ve been asking them for it since November, and they’ve had nothing to show.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no signs yet that the White House investigation has begun. No one from Pence’s task force has contacted the California secretary of state’s office, said Padilla spokesman Sam Mahood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the records request, the secretary of state’s office would not provide copies of the complaints it received last year, saying they are exempt from disclosure. It did provide tallies of the number of complaints and the categories of potential violations of those that are being investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican state Sen. Joel Anderson of Alpine, a Trump delegate who is vice chairman of the Senate’s elections committee, said he’s seen signs of fraud while campaigning in his San Diego-area district. He’s encountered houses where a registered voter -- marked as voting in the last several elections -- turned out to have been dead for years, and empty lots carrying addresses where people are registered to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The burden is on the president and his team to bring forward proof or evidence. We’ve been asking them for it since November and they’ve had nothing to show.'\u003ccite>Secretary of State Alex Padilla\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“All you have to do is walk a precinct and you know there is fraud,” said Anderson. “The question is: Is it rampant? Is it rare? We don’t know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when told of the small number of voter fraud complaints tallied by the secretary of state, Anderson called the figures \"spectacular.\" He said if the White House audit similarly finds an insignificant number of problems in California, Padilla deserves a gold star.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If those are the numbers and those hold true, that’s a phenomenal job. We should hold up those numbers to 49 other states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump claims that large numbers of people in the country illegally are voting, past prosecutions in California include few cases of voting by noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, an unauthorized immigrant in Escondido \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/news/releases/previously-deported-criminal-alien-pleads-guilty-voter-fraud-illegal-reentry-and\">pleaded guilty\u003c/a> to voting illegally in the 2008 presidential election by using the name of a U.S. citizen. In 2008, a man was \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2008/may/08/local/me-briefs8.S4\">sentenced to jail\u003c/a> in Orange County for registering two underage teenagers and a noncitizen to vote. In a more high-profile case in 1996, Congress opened \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1998/02/13/cq/sanchez.html\">an investigation\u003c/a> after a Republican congressman from Orange County argued that voting by noncitizens had caused him to lose re-election -- but the investigation was eventually dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"g0quXZ5JC6PRv3yNDwlkMsgSRBLO0m3A\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, election crimes prosecuted in California more typically involve wrongdoing by political candidates and public officials. In recent years, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article2609511.html\">state senator\u003c/a> from Inglewood, an Escondido \u003ca href=\"http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/education/sd-no-fragozo-sentencing-20160926-story.html\">school board\u003c/a> member, the former \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/-Local-Politician-Convicted-of-Fraud-78576127.html\">mayor\u003c/a> of Vernon and the \u003ca href=\"http://archive.redding.com/news/mariette-pleads-no-contest-to-voter-fraud-ep-375646137-354770131.html\">manager\u003c/a> of a community services district near Redding were convicted of voter fraud for lying about their address. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/Cudahy-Officials-Corruption-Bribery-Ballots-Voting-162259065.html\">City officials\u003c/a> in the Southern California city of Cudahy pleaded guilty to tampering with ballots to favor incumbent city council members and discard votes for challengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Trump supporters \u003ca href=\"http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/01/27/voter-fraud/\">have said\u003c/a> it would be easy for undocumented immigrants to vote in California because of two state laws approved in recent years. A \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB60\">bill passed\u003c/a> in 2013 allows undocumented immigrants to get driver’s licenses. And a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1461\">bill passed\u003c/a> in 2015 creates a system to automatically register people to vote when they get a driver’s license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the notion that these two laws have filled California voter rolls with undocumented immigrants is false. The automatic registration process allowed by the new law has not yet gone into effect. Padilla said he expects it to roll out this summer, with a protocol he’s certain won’t allow undocumented immigrants to register to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>CALmatters.org is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump alleged serious voter fraud in California. The state's top election official says that's untrue. So how much voter fraud is under investigation in the Golden State? Not much.",
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"title": "Valid Voter Fraud Complaints in California? Dozens, Not Millions | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/about/staff/laurel-rosenhall\">Laurel Rosenhall\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CALmatters\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With President Donald Trump alleging serious voter fraud in California, and the state’s top election official calling his claim untrue, how much voter fraud is actually under investigation in the Golden State?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not much -- certainly not enough to sway the election, in which California voters chose Hillary Clinton over Trump by \u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/sov/2016-general/sov/17-presidential-formatted.pdf\">4.3 million votes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while the California secretary of state is investigating some cases of potential fraud, not a single case opened last year involves allegations of voting by an immigrant who is in the country illegally -- a stark contrast to the picture painted by Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The secretary of state received 948 election-related complaints in 2016, according to its response to a CALmatters’ Public Records Act request. The office determined that more than half (525) did not merit criminal investigation. Of the remaining complaints, 140 are still being screened, 194 were noncriminal problems referred to local officials and 89 triggered investigations by the secretary of state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office did not provide details on the 194 cases it sent to local authorities. But of the 89 investigations the secretary of state opened in 2016: 56 are allegations of double voting, 16 are allegations of fraudulent voter registration and one is an alleged case of fraudulent voting. The rest allege wrongdoing by candidates, petition circulators and others who work in the elections arena -- not by voters themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Together, the cases the secretary of state's office is investigating and those it referred to counties amount to one one-thousandth of one percent (0.001%) of the more than 23 million votes cast in California’s primary and general elections last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[MillionsOfVotes]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The miniscule number “undercounts the amount of potential fraud because a lot of it would not be reported,” said Richard Hasen, a professor of election law at the University of California, Irvine. It also doesn’t include investigations that could be underway if initiated by prosecutors in the state's 58 counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Hasen said, “I see no evidence that voter fraud is a major problem in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He cited an exhaustive \u003ca href=\"http://votingrights.news21.com/interactive/election-fraud-database/index.html\">study\u003c/a> that found just 56 cases of election fraud in California between 2000 and 2012, most of it perpetrated by campaign officials, not voters. The view held by Hasen and supported by many \u003ca href=\"http://www.brennancenter.org/analysis/debunking-voter-fraud-myth\">academic studies\u003c/a> conflicts with claims by Trump, who has been complaining about fraudulent voting for months, without citing evidence of a widespread problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In November, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/802972944532209664\">tweeted\u003c/a> that “the millions of people who voted illegally” had cost him the popular vote, and that there was “serious voter fraud in Virginia, New Hampshire and California.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>He repeated similar claims \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2017/01/23/at-white-house-trump-tells-congressional-leaders-3-5-million-illegal-ballots-cost-him-the-popular-vote/?utm_term=.4e66c523d7f6\">in a meeting\u003c/a> with congressional leaders in January, and then \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/05/trump-says-pence-to-lead-voter-registration-fraud-probe-leaves-door-open-on-scrapping-iran-deal.html\">announced\u003c/a> in February that he would put Vice President Mike Pence in charge of investigating voter fraud. Pence is forming a \u003ca href=\"http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/320666-pence-filling-out-voter-fraud-task-force\">task force\u003c/a> to do the investigation, though a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/02/poll-donald-trump-voter-fraud-234458\">recent poll\u003c/a> found that only 1 in 4 voters believes Trump’s claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The burden is on the president and his team to bring forward proof or evidence,” said Secretary of State Alex Padilla, a Democrat. “We’ve been asking them for it since November, and they’ve had nothing to show.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no signs yet that the White House investigation has begun. No one from Pence’s task force has contacted the California secretary of state’s office, said Padilla spokesman Sam Mahood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the records request, the secretary of state’s office would not provide copies of the complaints it received last year, saying they are exempt from disclosure. It did provide tallies of the number of complaints and the categories of potential violations of those that are being investigated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republican state Sen. Joel Anderson of Alpine, a Trump delegate who is vice chairman of the Senate’s elections committee, said he’s seen signs of fraud while campaigning in his San Diego-area district. He’s encountered houses where a registered voter -- marked as voting in the last several elections -- turned out to have been dead for years, and empty lots carrying addresses where people are registered to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The burden is on the president and his team to bring forward proof or evidence. We’ve been asking them for it since November and they’ve had nothing to show.'\u003ccite>Secretary of State Alex Padilla\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“All you have to do is walk a precinct and you know there is fraud,” said Anderson. “The question is: Is it rampant? Is it rare? We don’t know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when told of the small number of voter fraud complaints tallied by the secretary of state, Anderson called the figures \"spectacular.\" He said if the White House audit similarly finds an insignificant number of problems in California, Padilla deserves a gold star.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If those are the numbers and those hold true, that’s a phenomenal job. We should hold up those numbers to 49 other states.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Trump claims that large numbers of people in the country illegally are voting, past prosecutions in California include few cases of voting by noncitizens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2012, an unauthorized immigrant in Escondido \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/news/releases/previously-deported-criminal-alien-pleads-guilty-voter-fraud-illegal-reentry-and\">pleaded guilty\u003c/a> to voting illegally in the 2008 presidential election by using the name of a U.S. citizen. In 2008, a man was \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2008/may/08/local/me-briefs8.S4\">sentenced to jail\u003c/a> in Orange County for registering two underage teenagers and a noncitizen to vote. In a more high-profile case in 1996, Congress opened \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1998/02/13/cq/sanchez.html\">an investigation\u003c/a> after a Republican congressman from Orange County argued that voting by noncitizens had caused him to lose re-election -- but the investigation was eventually dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, election crimes prosecuted in California more typically involve wrongdoing by political candidates and public officials. In recent years, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article2609511.html\">state senator\u003c/a> from Inglewood, an Escondido \u003ca href=\"http://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/education/sd-no-fragozo-sentencing-20160926-story.html\">school board\u003c/a> member, the former \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/-Local-Politician-Convicted-of-Fraud-78576127.html\">mayor\u003c/a> of Vernon and the \u003ca href=\"http://archive.redding.com/news/mariette-pleads-no-contest-to-voter-fraud-ep-375646137-354770131.html\">manager\u003c/a> of a community services district near Redding were convicted of voter fraud for lying about their address. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/Cudahy-Officials-Corruption-Bribery-Ballots-Voting-162259065.html\">City officials\u003c/a> in the Southern California city of Cudahy pleaded guilty to tampering with ballots to favor incumbent city council members and discard votes for challengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some Trump supporters \u003ca href=\"http://www.breitbart.com/california/2017/01/27/voter-fraud/\">have said\u003c/a> it would be easy for undocumented immigrants to vote in California because of two state laws approved in recent years. A \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201320140AB60\">bill passed\u003c/a> in 2013 allows undocumented immigrants to get driver’s licenses. And a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB1461\">bill passed\u003c/a> in 2015 creates a system to automatically register people to vote when they get a driver’s license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the notion that these two laws have filled California voter rolls with undocumented immigrants is false. The automatic registration process allowed by the new law has not yet gone into effect. Padilla said he expects it to roll out this summer, with a protocol he’s certain won’t allow undocumented immigrants to register to vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump’s head of the Environmental Protection Agency says he does not believe that carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not agree that [CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub>] is a primary contributor to the global warming that we see,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/epas-administrator\">Scott Pruitt\u003c/a> said Thursday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2017/03/09/epa-chief-scott-pruitt.html\">an interview\u003c/a> with CNBC’s Joe Kernen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that measuring with precision human activity on the climate is something very challenging to do, and there’s tremendous disagreement about the degree of impact,” Pruitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those statements are at odds with \u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/\">an overwhelming body of scientific evidence\u003c/a> showing that humans are causing the climate to warm by releasing CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> into the atmosphere. The view that CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> is a major heat-trapping gas is supported by reams of data, included data collected by government agencies such as NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s views are consistent with earlier comments he has made on the topic of climate change. As attorney general of Oklahoma, Pruitt often claimed that there was scientific uncertainty over whether humans are changing the climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”wdb79Im6uNsqwmDBOKmrESHdXUVqlCBG”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/07/us/politics/scott-pruitt-environmental-protection-agency.html\">reported\u003c/a> earlier this week that Pruitt is bringing in similar-minded political appointees to help run the EPA. Many come from the office of \u003ca href=\"http://www.inhofe.senate.gov/\">Sen. James Inhofe\u003c/a>, an Oklahoma Republican and longtime climate change denier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s comments come just over two weeks after he took the helm of the EPA, the agency with the authority to regulate CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> and other greenhouse gases as pollutants. In 2014, the EPA \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/cleanpowerplan/clean-power-plan-existing-power-plants#CPP-final\">unveiled rules\u003c/a> that would require substantial reductions to greenhouse gases from power plants as part of a broader effort to limit global warming. The rule was contested by industry and states, and is currently under review in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt also said he believed that a major climate agreement reached in Paris was “a bad deal,” and that he would soon be making an announcement about changes to so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhtsa.gov/laws-regulations/corporate-average-fuel-economy\">CAFE standards\u003c/a>, which set fuel efficiency goals for cars and trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s latest statements on climate change come after the second-warmest February in the past 123 years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/\">according to NOAA\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump’s head of the Environmental Protection Agency says he does not believe that carbon dioxide is a major cause of global warming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not agree that [CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub>] is a primary contributor to the global warming that we see,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa/epas-administrator\">Scott Pruitt\u003c/a> said Thursday in \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnbc.com/2017/03/09/epa-chief-scott-pruitt.html\">an interview\u003c/a> with CNBC’s Joe Kernen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that measuring with precision human activity on the climate is something very challenging to do, and there’s tremendous disagreement about the degree of impact,” Pruitt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those statements are at odds with \u003ca href=\"https://www.climate.gov/\">an overwhelming body of scientific evidence\u003c/a> showing that humans are causing the climate to warm by releasing CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> into the atmosphere. The view that CO\u003csub>\u003csup>2\u003c/sup>\u003c/sub> is a major heat-trapping gas is supported by reams of data, included data collected by government agencies such as NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pruitt’s views are consistent with earlier comments he has made on the topic of climate change. As attorney general of Oklahoma, Pruitt often claimed that there was scientific uncertainty over whether humans are changing the climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Uber says it's banning the use of a software technique that company employees reportedly used to identify and block regulators in the United States and overseas who were attempting to enforce local taxi laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/an-update-on-greyballing/\" target=\"_blank\">announcement on Wednesday\u003c/a> came six days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/03/technology/uber-greyball-program-evade-authorities.html\" target=\"_blank\">the New York Times exposed\u003c/a> the existence of the technique, involving software called Greyball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper detailed how Greyball was used as part of a wide-ranging effort to identify local officials in jurisdictions where the company was not authorized to operate and then thwart their enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times, which based its account on information from four former and current Uber employees, said the company went to great lengths to detect accounts that might be associated with regulators. Those measures included monitoring users who frequently opened and closed the Uber app near government buildings, examining users' credit card information and social media profiles, and even trying to identify cellphones that officials had bought in large quantities as part of sting operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once suspected regulators were identified, the Times said, the Greyball software would respond to their ride requests by serving up a fake version of the Uber app that would show that no cars were available or display a fleet of ghost cars that would never arrive. In the event a ride request was answered by a real Uber driver, the company would intervene to cancel the trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said in a statement in response to last week's Times story that greyballing had been used to protect drivers against physical harm, to foil competitors seeking to disrupt its operations, and against \"opponents who collude with officials on secret ‘stings’ meant to entrap drivers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber's statement Wednesday, issued by Chief Security Officer Joe Sullivan, expanded on that explanation but did not explicitly acknowledge that it was Uber's policy to use the technique against regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have started a review of the different ways this technology has been used to date,\" Sullivan wrote. \"In addition, we are expressly prohibiting its use to target action by local regulators going forward. Given the way our systems are configured, it will take some time to ensure this prohibition is fully enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times reported that Uber has targeted regulators in Boston, Paris and Las Vegas, among other cities, as well as a litany of countries that include Australia, China, Italy and South Korea. Officials in two jurisdictions -- Portland, Oregon, and the Netherlands -- have called for an investigation of Uber's greyballing program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Has Uber's use of greyball to beat regulators been legal? Here's what the Times offered on that question last week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Outside legal specialists said they were uncertain about the legality of the program. Greyball could be considered a violation of the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, or possibly intentional obstruction of justice, depending on local laws and jurisdictions, said Peter Henning, a law professor at Wayne State University who also writes for The New York Times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With any type of systematic thwarting of the law, you’re flirting with disaster,” Professor Henning said. “We all take our foot off the gas when we see the police car at the intersection up ahead, and there’s nothing wrong with that. But this goes far beyond avoiding a speed trap.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Uber says it's banning the use of a software technique that company employees reportedly used to identify and block regulators in the United States and overseas who were attempting to enforce local taxi laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.uber.com/an-update-on-greyballing/\" target=\"_blank\">announcement on Wednesday\u003c/a> came six days after \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/03/technology/uber-greyball-program-evade-authorities.html\" target=\"_blank\">the New York Times exposed\u003c/a> the existence of the technique, involving software called Greyball.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The paper detailed how Greyball was used as part of a wide-ranging effort to identify local officials in jurisdictions where the company was not authorized to operate and then thwart their enforcement efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times, which based its account on information from four former and current Uber employees, said the company went to great lengths to detect accounts that might be associated with regulators. Those measures included monitoring users who frequently opened and closed the Uber app near government buildings, examining users' credit card information and social media profiles, and even trying to identify cellphones that officials had bought in large quantities as part of sting operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once suspected regulators were identified, the Times said, the Greyball software would respond to their ride requests by serving up a fake version of the Uber app that would show that no cars were available or display a fleet of ghost cars that would never arrive. In the event a ride request was answered by a real Uber driver, the company would intervene to cancel the trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company said in a statement in response to last week's Times story that greyballing had been used to protect drivers against physical harm, to foil competitors seeking to disrupt its operations, and against \"opponents who collude with officials on secret ‘stings’ meant to entrap drivers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber's statement Wednesday, issued by Chief Security Officer Joe Sullivan, expanded on that explanation but did not explicitly acknowledge that it was Uber's policy to use the technique against regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have started a review of the different ways this technology has been used to date,\" Sullivan wrote. \"In addition, we are expressly prohibiting its use to target action by local regulators going forward. Given the way our systems are configured, it will take some time to ensure this prohibition is fully enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Times reported that Uber has targeted regulators in Boston, Paris and Las Vegas, among other cities, as well as a litany of countries that include Australia, China, Italy and South Korea. Officials in two jurisdictions -- Portland, Oregon, and the Netherlands -- have called for an investigation of Uber's greyballing program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Has Uber's use of greyball to beat regulators been legal? Here's what the Times offered on that question last week:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Outside legal specialists said they were uncertain about the legality of the program. Greyball could be considered a violation of the federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, or possibly intentional obstruction of justice, depending on local laws and jurisdictions, said Peter Henning, a law professor at Wayne State University who also writes for The New York Times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With any type of systematic thwarting of the law, you’re flirting with disaster,” Professor Henning said. “We all take our foot off the gas when we see the police car at the intersection up ahead, and there’s nothing wrong with that. But this goes far beyond avoiding a speed trap.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Hawaii Mounts Legal Challenge to President's Revised Travel Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 1:28 a.m. ET Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii is the first state to file a lawsuit to stop President Trump's revised executive order limiting travel from six majority-Muslim countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the state filed the lawsuit late Wednesday in federal court in Honolulu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's original ban, signed in January, caused immediate chaos at airports across the country before being frozen by a challenge from the state of Washington. The revised executive order, which Trump signed on Monday, has been rewritten to make it more difficult to challenge in court. But Hawaii hopes it has crafted a legal argument that can stop the new order from going into effect on March 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This new executive order is nothing more than Muslim Ban 2.0,\" said Hawaii Attorney General Doug Chin \u003ca href=\"https://ag.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/News-Release-2017-26.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">in a statement\u003c/a>. \"Under the pretense of national security, it still targets immigrants and refugees. It leaves the door open for even further restrictions. Our office is reviewing the new order and will decide what next steps may be necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department declined comment on the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new order doesn't allow visas for people from Iran, Syria, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen and Libya. It also temporarily shuts down America's refugee program, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/06/516408650/trump-signs-new-order-blocking-arrivals-from-6-majority-muslim-countries\" target=\"_blank\">reduces the number of refugees it will admit\u003c/a> this fiscal year to 50,000, instead of the 110,000 the Obama administration had planned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii's \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3512780-Hawaii-vs-Trump.html\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuit\u003c/a> argues that while the language in Trump's revised executive order has changed, it is merely the president's latest effort to enact what he promised early in his campaign: a Muslim ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit brings Trump's campaign promises into the courtroom, in order to illustrate the way that Trump has consistently linked Muslim immigration to terrorism, and his explicit desire to implement a Muslim ban. Among the statements cited in the lawsuit is \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-statement-on-preventing-muslim-immigration\" target=\"_blank\">a press release\u003c/a> then-candidate Trump sent out on Dec. 7, 2015, titled \"Donald J. Trump Statement on Preventing Muslim Immigration\", which said in part:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Donald J. Trump is calling for a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on. According to Pew Research, among others, there is great hatred towards Americans by large segments of the Muslim population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii's lawsuit names Ismail Elshikh as a co-plaintiff, \"because the Executive Order inflicts a grave injury on Muslims in Hawai'i, including Dr. Elshikh, his Family, and members of his Mosque.\" Elshikh is the imam of the Muslim Association of Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit alleges that a portion of Hawaii's population is now subject to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Discrimination and second-class treatment, in violation of both the Constitution and the Immigration and Nationality Act. The Order denies them their right to associate with family members overseas on the basis of their religion and national origin. And it results in their having to live in a country and in a State where there is the perception that the Government has established a disfavored religion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And by disfavoring a religion, the suit argues, Trump's executive order is establishing a state religion, in violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii's economy leans heavily on tourism, and the lawsuit cites both economic and familial hindrances caused by the ban. \"It is damaging Hawaii's institutions, harming its economy, and eroding Hawaii's sovereign interests in maintaining the separation between church and state as well as in welcoming persons from all nations around the world into the fabric of its society.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs seek an order that would invalidate the portions of the executive order that they challenge in the lawsuit, and have proposed a hearing for March 15 — the day before the order is to go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new executive order \"is infected with the same legal problems as the first Order — undermining bedrock constitutional and statutory guarantees,\" the state argues. \"The Executive Order purports to protect the country from terrorism, but sweeps in millions of people who have absolutely no connection to terrorism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 1:28 a.m. ET Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii is the first state to file a lawsuit to stop President Trump's revised executive order limiting travel from six majority-Muslim countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the state filed the lawsuit late Wednesday in federal court in Honolulu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's original ban, signed in January, caused immediate chaos at airports across the country before being frozen by a challenge from the state of Washington. The revised executive order, which Trump signed on Monday, has been rewritten to make it more difficult to challenge in court. But Hawaii hopes it has crafted a legal argument that can stop the new order from going into effect on March 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This new executive order is nothing more than Muslim Ban 2.0,\" said Hawaii Attorney General Doug Chin \u003ca href=\"https://ag.hawaii.gov/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/News-Release-2017-26.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">in a statement\u003c/a>. \"Under the pretense of national security, it still targets immigrants and refugees. It leaves the door open for even further restrictions. Our office is reviewing the new order and will decide what next steps may be necessary.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Justice Department declined comment on the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new order doesn't allow visas for people from Iran, Syria, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen and Libya. It also temporarily shuts down America's refugee program, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/06/516408650/trump-signs-new-order-blocking-arrivals-from-6-majority-muslim-countries\" target=\"_blank\">reduces the number of refugees it will admit\u003c/a> this fiscal year to 50,000, instead of the 110,000 the Obama administration had planned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii's \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3512780-Hawaii-vs-Trump.html\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuit\u003c/a> argues that while the language in Trump's revised executive order has changed, it is merely the president's latest effort to enact what he promised early in his campaign: a Muslim ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit brings Trump's campaign promises into the courtroom, in order to illustrate the way that Trump has consistently linked Muslim immigration to terrorism, and his explicit desire to implement a Muslim ban. Among the statements cited in the lawsuit is \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-statement-on-preventing-muslim-immigration\" target=\"_blank\">a press release\u003c/a> then-candidate Trump sent out on Dec. 7, 2015, titled \"Donald J. Trump Statement on Preventing Muslim Immigration\", which said in part:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Donald J. Trump is calling for a total and complete shutdown of Muslims entering the United States until our country's representatives can figure out what is going on. According to Pew Research, among others, there is great hatred towards Americans by large segments of the Muslim population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii's lawsuit names Ismail Elshikh as a co-plaintiff, \"because the Executive Order inflicts a grave injury on Muslims in Hawai'i, including Dr. Elshikh, his Family, and members of his Mosque.\" Elshikh is the imam of the Muslim Association of Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit alleges that a portion of Hawaii's population is now subject to:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Discrimination and second-class treatment, in violation of both the Constitution and the Immigration and Nationality Act. The Order denies them their right to associate with family members overseas on the basis of their religion and national origin. And it results in their having to live in a country and in a State where there is the perception that the Government has established a disfavored religion.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And by disfavoring a religion, the suit argues, Trump's executive order is establishing a state religion, in violation of the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hawaii's economy leans heavily on tourism, and the lawsuit cites both economic and familial hindrances caused by the ban. \"It is damaging Hawaii's institutions, harming its economy, and eroding Hawaii's sovereign interests in maintaining the separation between church and state as well as in welcoming persons from all nations around the world into the fabric of its society.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs seek an order that would invalidate the portions of the executive order that they challenge in the lawsuit, and have proposed a hearing for March 15 — the day before the order is to go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new executive order \"is infected with the same legal problems as the first Order — undermining bedrock constitutional and statutory guarantees,\" the state argues. \"The Executive Order purports to protect the country from terrorism, but sweeps in millions of people who have absolutely no connection to terrorism.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Uber's self-driving cars will return to California's roads, though the ride-hailing company doesn't immediately plan to use them to pick up passengers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Motor Vehicles announced Wednesday that it had granted the San Francisco-based company a permit to test two Volvo SUVs on public roads. Regulators also approved 48 people as backup drivers who must sit behind the wheel in case the prototype cars malfunction, agency spokeswoman Jessica Gonzalez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The permit resolves a conflict dating to December. That's when Uber — an aggressive player in the race to bring the self-driving technology to the market — rolled out a pilot program in San Francisco. The DMV revoked the registrations for 16 Uber vehicles, shutting down the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber knew about the DMV's requirement to receive permission before testing in public, but the company argued that its cars do not meet the state's definition of an \"autonomous vehicle\" because they need a person to monitor them and intervene if needed. That argument raised eyebrows both among regulators and other companies with similar technology that did get permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pilot program caught the state and San Francisco officials off guard. Amid a showdown that last several days, during which one self-driving Uber SUV \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/_CdJ4oae8f4\" target=\"_blank\">drove through a red light\u003c/a> on Third Street and the vehicles' software reportedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/24/technology/anthony-levandowski-waymo-uber-google-lawsuit.html\" target=\"_blank\">failed to recognize stoplights\u003c/a> on several other occasions, the California Attorney General's Office threatened to haul Uber before a judge if the cars were not curbed immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/_CdJ4oae8f4\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber responded by packing up its cars for Arizona, where it began picking up passengers last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber said in a statement Wednesday that it does not plan to ferry paying passengers in California for now, as it does in Pittsburgh and a Phoenix suburb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/03/ubers-change-of-heart-company-seeking-dmv-permit-for-self-driving-cars/\" target=\"_blank\">the company said\u003c/a> the DMV had restored registrations for two of its self-driving vehicles -- presumably the same ones granted permits this week -- and that those vehicles were being operated under human control in San Francisco as part of a mapping project to aid its autonomous car project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The spokesperson said the company plans to resume self-driving operations in San Francisco at some point, but has no set timetable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the approval, Uber becomes the 26th company to have a self-driving car testing permit in California.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nDan Brekke of KQED News contributed to this post.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is on his way to getting something he has wanted for a long time: dozens of valuable \"Trump\" trademarks in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>China's Trademark Office has now given preliminary approval to 38 new trademarks, covering everything from hotels to golf clubs, insurance and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After \u003ca href=\"http://bigstory.ap.org/article/8f54b14808a2459f9efcb0089f41f056/china-grants-preliminary-approval-38-new-trump-trademarks\">AP reported the news\u003c/a> Wednesday, Senate Democrats expressed outrage, noting that Trump's lawyer, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2017/02/17/513724796/trump-ethics-monitor-has-the-president-kept-his-promises\">Sheri Dillon, had promised\u003c/a> in January that there would be \"no new foreign deals\" during the Trump presidency. But by pursuing new trademarks, the Trump Organization, which the president continues to own, may be laying the groundwork for expansions in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maryland's Ben Cardin said, \"For a decade prior to his election as president, Donald Trump sought, with no success, to have lucrative and valuable trademarks granted in the world's biggest market. He was turned down each and every time. The floodgates now appear to be open.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'[The trademark approvals] are exactly what the Constitution’s Emoluments Clause was designed to prevent, and President Trump is blatantly defying it.'\u003ccite>Sen. Dianne Feinstein\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Cardin called on the federal departments of Justice, State and Commerce to \"brief Congress, immediately, on these matters and on the potential constitutional dangers that they present.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardin is concerned about violations of the Emoluments Clause of the Constitution, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/22/503091109/can-trumps-international-business-dealings-violate-the-constitution\">bars elected leaders from taking\u003c/a> anything of value from foreign countries, unless approved by Congress. California Sen. Dianne Feinstein said the trademark approvals are \"exactly what the Constitution's Emoluments Clause was designed to prevent, and President Trump is blatantly defying it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, China \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/16/515589191/china-grants-trump-a-valuable-trademark-registration\">approved one registered trademark\u003c/a> for a Trump-owned construction services business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathleen Clark, a government ethics professor at Washington University in St. Louis, told NPR at that time that by giving Trump valuable name rights, Chinese officials may hope they can influence policy decisions. And that represents a breach of the Emoluments Clause, she believes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I think this demonstrates is that when Donald Trump is dealing with the Chinese government on behalf of the United States, he also may be thinking about what the Chinese government can do not just for the U.S. but for Donald Trump and his businesses and his own financial well-being,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump Organization says it pushes for trademarks to prevent others from using them. \"[W]e zealously protect Mr. Trump's valuable name, brand and trademarks,\" Alan Garten, chief legal officer for the Trump Organization, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/politics/wp/2017/03/08/the-trump-organizations-trademark-for-escort-services-in-china-isnt-what-you-might-think\">told the Washington Post in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has been trying for a decade to nail down trademarks in China for a wide range of goods and services, including pet care products, lingerie and computer software. The Trump Organization has been frustrated that many Chinese-owned businesses have used the name \"Trump\" without paying any licensing fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The applications for these particular trademarks had been filed last April during the heat of the presidential campaign when \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/09/15/493915412/inside-donald-trumps-stump-speech-annotated\">Trump was claiming\u003c/a> that China steals U.S. jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AP says China's Trademark Office published the provisional approvals on Feb. 27. If no one in China objects, they will be automatically registered after 90 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=China+OKs+38+Trump+Trademarks%3B+Critics+Say+It+Violates+Emoluments+Clause&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cardin is concerned about violations of the Emoluments Clause of the Constitution, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/11/22/503091109/can-trumps-international-business-dealings-violate-the-constitution\">bars elected leaders from taking\u003c/a> anything of value from foreign countries, unless approved by Congress. California Sen. Dianne Feinstein said the trademark approvals are \"exactly what the Constitution's Emoluments Clause was designed to prevent, and President Trump is blatantly defying it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, China \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/02/16/515589191/china-grants-trump-a-valuable-trademark-registration\">approved one registered trademark\u003c/a> for a Trump-owned construction services business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathleen Clark, a government ethics professor at Washington University in St. Louis, told NPR at that time that by giving Trump valuable name rights, Chinese officials may hope they can influence policy decisions. And that represents a breach of the Emoluments Clause, she believes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What I think this demonstrates is that when Donald Trump is dealing with the Chinese government on behalf of the United States, he also may be thinking about what the Chinese government can do not just for the U.S. but for Donald Trump and his businesses and his own financial well-being,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump Organization says it pushes for trademarks to prevent others from using them. \"[W]e zealously protect Mr. Trump's valuable name, brand and trademarks,\" Alan Garten, chief legal officer for the Trump Organization, \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/politics/wp/2017/03/08/the-trump-organizations-trademark-for-escort-services-in-china-isnt-what-you-might-think\">told the Washington Post in a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has been trying for a decade to nail down trademarks in China for a wide range of goods and services, including pet care products, lingerie and computer software. The Trump Organization has been frustrated that many Chinese-owned businesses have used the name \"Trump\" without paying any licensing fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The applications for these particular trademarks had been filed last April during the heat of the presidential campaign when \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/09/15/493915412/inside-donald-trumps-stump-speech-annotated\">Trump was claiming\u003c/a> that China steals U.S. jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AP says China's Trademark Office published the provisional approvals on Feb. 27. If no one in China objects, they will be automatically registered after 90 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=China+OKs+38+Trump+Trademarks%3B+Critics+Say+It+Violates+Emoluments+Clause&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In most California counties, if a kid gets arrested and locked up, his or her parents often get charged for some of the costs of incarceration. These fees can run up to $30 a day for juvenile hall and $17 a day for ankle-monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Holly Mitchell (D-Los Angeles) has introduced \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB190\">SB 190\u003c/a>, a bill that aims to end these juvenile fees statewide. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication_show.asp?i=1100\">Research shows\u003c/a> that poor kids and kids of color are more likely to end up in the juvenile justice system, so Mitchell says these fees are often charged to families who can least afford them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we walked away with was that it was more onerous and more difficult on the families being subjected to the fees, versus beneficial really in any meaningful way to the counties or the probation departments,\" Mitchell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Mitchell points out that the way the fees are collected is also unfair and sometimes unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in Contra Costa County an internal review going back four years found more than 200 cases where it improperly charged families. Parents ended up being billed even when there had been no sustained petition in their kids' cases. That means basically the children had been found innocent, but the families still got charged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the county's probation department is working to locate and refund money to these people. Improper fines come to about $58,000 for the period of internal review. Probation Chief Todd Billeci says he doesn’t know how much the outreach effort to refund that money will ultimately cost Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rebecca Brown, a criminal justice reform advocate and director of the \u003ca href=\"http://reentrysolutionsgroup.org/\">Reentry Solutions Group\u003c/a>, told county supervisors that refunding those parents isn’t enough. Brown described what one woman recently told her on the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"'I work for a homeless shelter. I'm raising my grandchildren. My son was incarcerated for a year. I'm trying to pay that bill,\" Brown recounted. \"I asked her: How much was that bill? She said, '$13,000.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This woman's story illustrates another big problem with juvenile fines and fees: Counties don't properly assess parents \"ability to pay,\" according to Brown, which they are legally required to do. So, the cases where parents were unlawfully charged these fees may actually number many more than what Contra Costa's internal probe uncovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the movement to stop charging parents juvenile fees altogether is gaining traction across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past year, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/24/many-california-counties-charge-parents-high-fees-while-kids-are-locked-up/\">Contra Costa\u003c/a>, Alameda and Santa Clara counties all stopped collecting juvenile fines. This week Butte County joined them. There will be a hearing on SB 190 later this month.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In most California counties, if a kid gets arrested and locked up, his or her parents often get charged for some of the costs of incarceration. These fees can run up to $30 a day for juvenile hall and $17 a day for ankle-monitoring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Sen. Holly Mitchell (D-Los Angeles) has introduced \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB190\">SB 190\u003c/a>, a bill that aims to end these juvenile fees statewide. \u003ca href=\"http://www.ppic.org/main/publication_show.asp?i=1100\">Research shows\u003c/a> that poor kids and kids of color are more likely to end up in the juvenile justice system, so Mitchell says these fees are often charged to families who can least afford them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we walked away with was that it was more onerous and more difficult on the families being subjected to the fees, versus beneficial really in any meaningful way to the counties or the probation departments,\" Mitchell says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, Mitchell points out that the way the fees are collected is also unfair and sometimes unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, in Contra Costa County an internal review going back four years found more than 200 cases where it improperly charged families. Parents ended up being billed even when there had been no sustained petition in their kids' cases. That means basically the children had been found innocent, but the families still got charged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the county's probation department is working to locate and refund money to these people. Improper fines come to about $58,000 for the period of internal review. Probation Chief Todd Billeci says he doesn’t know how much the outreach effort to refund that money will ultimately cost Contra Costa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rebecca Brown, a criminal justice reform advocate and director of the \u003ca href=\"http://reentrysolutionsgroup.org/\">Reentry Solutions Group\u003c/a>, told county supervisors that refunding those parents isn’t enough. Brown described what one woman recently told her on the phone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"'I work for a homeless shelter. I'm raising my grandchildren. My son was incarcerated for a year. I'm trying to pay that bill,\" Brown recounted. \"I asked her: How much was that bill? She said, '$13,000.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This woman's story illustrates another big problem with juvenile fines and fees: Counties don't properly assess parents \"ability to pay,\" according to Brown, which they are legally required to do. So, the cases where parents were unlawfully charged these fees may actually number many more than what Contra Costa's internal probe uncovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the movement to stop charging parents juvenile fees altogether is gaining traction across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past year, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/10/24/many-california-counties-charge-parents-high-fees-while-kids-are-locked-up/\">Contra Costa\u003c/a>, Alameda and Santa Clara counties all stopped collecting juvenile fines. This week Butte County joined them. There will be a hearing on SB 190 later this month.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When you get enough rain to end a drought, there’s gonna be collateral damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re talking about our roads, where some drivers have noticed the extra potholes popping up on our highways and local streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I ran over a pothole on Van Ness,” Muni transit operator Matt Smith says. “It damaged the inner boot of my car and gave me a flat front tire. The pothole was massive. It was massive! It’s no reason why that pothole should not have been fixed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> got this question from Anne Schaefer-Salinas and her son, Declan: Why does bad weather cause potholes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke to \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Caltrans \u003c/a>and got a lesson in how potholes are formed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine for a moment life as a section of roadway. Passing cars are constantly pressing down on you, followed by periods of relaxation when there’s no car. All day, every day, year after year. All this repeated pressing and releasing creates tiny imperfections in the pavement that turn into cracks. When you add water into the mix, those cracks get bigger, faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever it rains and the rainwater accumulates on the road, tires from the road actually squeeze the water into the pavement,” Caltrans spokesman Bob Haus says. “So that repeated squeezing into the asphalt and into the concrete causes the cracking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water gets through those cracks and weakens the soil under the road. That leads to even more cracking and eventually a pothole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more traffic, the more potholes. And the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/SF-traffic-ranks-as-4th-worst-in-world-10960858.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area has no shortage of traffic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s just a lot of traffic on Bay Area roads,” Haus says. “We all know that. We feel the congestion every day. So there’s just a lot of wear and tear on our highways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m sure a lot of you are wondering why crews aren’t out there fixing all these potholes. One thing to note: Road workers have to wait for dry conditions to make permanent fixes. So the rain not only makes more potholes, it makes it harder to fix them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got a question you want to see the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> team take on? Submit it!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When you get enough rain to end a drought, there’s gonna be collateral damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re talking about our roads, where some drivers have noticed the extra potholes popping up on our highways and local streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I ran over a pothole on Van Ness,” Muni transit operator Matt Smith says. “It damaged the inner boot of my car and gave me a flat front tire. The pothole was massive. It was massive! It’s no reason why that pothole should not have been fixed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> got this question from Anne Schaefer-Salinas and her son, Declan: Why does bad weather cause potholes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke to \u003ca href=\"http://www.dot.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Caltrans \u003c/a>and got a lesson in how potholes are formed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine for a moment life as a section of roadway. Passing cars are constantly pressing down on you, followed by periods of relaxation when there’s no car. All day, every day, year after year. All this repeated pressing and releasing creates tiny imperfections in the pavement that turn into cracks. When you add water into the mix, those cracks get bigger, faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whenever it rains and the rainwater accumulates on the road, tires from the road actually squeeze the water into the pavement,” Caltrans spokesman Bob Haus says. “So that repeated squeezing into the asphalt and into the concrete causes the cracking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water gets through those cracks and weakens the soil under the road. That leads to even more cracking and eventually a pothole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more traffic, the more potholes. And the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/SF-traffic-ranks-as-4th-worst-in-world-10960858.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Area has no shortage of traffic\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s just a lot of traffic on Bay Area roads,” Haus says. “We all know that. We feel the congestion every day. So there’s just a lot of wear and tear on our highways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m sure a lot of you are wondering why crews aren’t out there fixing all these potholes. One thing to note: Road workers have to wait for dry conditions to make permanent fixes. So the rain not only makes more potholes, it makes it harder to fix them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Got a question you want to see the \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/baycurious/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> team take on? Submit it!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Trump Immigration Policies Could Hurt California, Economists Warn",
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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>There has been considerable coverage lately about the human effects of President Trump’s stricter immigration policies,\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/03/07/69635/attorney-uphill-battle-to-keep-highland-park-dad-i/\"> such as families torn apart by deportations.\u003c/a> But there are also economic effects that could have big implications for several key sectors in California, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.anderson.ucla.edu/centers/ucla-anderson-forecast/march-2017-economic-outlook\">the latest UCLA Anderson Forecast released Wednesday morning.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The threat to deport millions of undocumented immigrants, a threat that the current Attorney General has endorsed, is a risk to the forecast,\" the report states. \"Were this to occur, there could well be a significant reduction in the production of food, in food processing, particularly the slaughter and preparation of meat products, in garment manufacturing and in residential construction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ucanr.edu/repositoryfiles/ca2016a0011-162257.pdf\">The estimated 839,300 people\u003c/a> who work in California's agriculture industry could be particularly affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s estimated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture that \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/in-the-news/immigration-and-the-rural-workforce/\">at least 50 percent of those who do the harvesting are undocumented,\"\u003c/a> says UCLA Anderson senior economist Jerry Nickelsburg. \"If they’re not there, who’s going to pick the crops?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Anderson economists usually provide precise numbers to illustrate how California’s economy would be impacted by such policies, but in this case they’re in the dark, like everyone else, about what specific actions the administration will take, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiaavocadogrowers.com/articles/update-immigration-and-possible-enforcement-actions\">such as rounding up immigrants here illegally.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The open questions are, will the new rules of engagement lead to the detention of large numbers of workers in these sectors or, will the businesses that hire these workers, particularly in agriculture, use their influence to temper this?\" the report says. \"We don’t have good answers at this time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Worries About California's Tourism Industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Anderson economists are also concerned about \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2017/03/07/55468/trump-s-travel-ban-could-hurt-la-s-tourism-industr/\">California’s tourism industry being hurt if foreigners don’t feel as welcome in the U.S.\u003c/a> and if the dollar continues to strengthen, which makes it more expensive for overseas visitors to take trips here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state could lose out on $7.5 billion and $9.2 billion in direct income in 2017 and 2018 respectively because of the decline in visitors. That is a relative drop in the bucket for California's $2.5 trillion economy, but tourism is still an important sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Though the numbers are not huge, the individuals involved are typically low skilled and are those most vulnerable to the effects of California’s rising minimum wage,\" the report says. \"Moreover, they tend to have a high propensity to consume, so the loss in income will have a greater employment (impact) and income impact than these numbers suggest.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/about/people/staff/ben-bergman\">Ben Bergman\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There has been considerable coverage lately about the human effects of President Trump’s stricter immigration policies,\u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/news/2017/03/07/69635/attorney-uphill-battle-to-keep-highland-park-dad-i/\"> such as families torn apart by deportations.\u003c/a> But there are also economic effects that could have big implications for several key sectors in California, according to \u003ca href=\"http://www.anderson.ucla.edu/centers/ucla-anderson-forecast/march-2017-economic-outlook\">the latest UCLA Anderson Forecast released Wednesday morning.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The threat to deport millions of undocumented immigrants, a threat that the current Attorney General has endorsed, is a risk to the forecast,\" the report states. \"Were this to occur, there could well be a significant reduction in the production of food, in food processing, particularly the slaughter and preparation of meat products, in garment manufacturing and in residential construction.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ucanr.edu/repositoryfiles/ca2016a0011-162257.pdf\">The estimated 839,300 people\u003c/a> who work in California's agriculture industry could be particularly affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s estimated by the U.S. Department of Agriculture that \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/in-the-news/immigration-and-the-rural-workforce/\">at least 50 percent of those who do the harvesting are undocumented,\"\u003c/a> says UCLA Anderson senior economist Jerry Nickelsburg. \"If they’re not there, who’s going to pick the crops?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Anderson economists usually provide precise numbers to illustrate how California’s economy would be impacted by such policies, but in this case they’re in the dark, like everyone else, about what specific actions the administration will take, \u003ca href=\"http://www.californiaavocadogrowers.com/articles/update-immigration-and-possible-enforcement-actions\">such as rounding up immigrants here illegally.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The open questions are, will the new rules of engagement lead to the detention of large numbers of workers in these sectors or, will the businesses that hire these workers, particularly in agriculture, use their influence to temper this?\" the report says. \"We don’t have good answers at this time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Worries About California's Tourism Industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Anderson economists are also concerned about \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2017/03/07/55468/trump-s-travel-ban-could-hurt-la-s-tourism-industr/\">California’s tourism industry being hurt if foreigners don’t feel as welcome in the U.S.\u003c/a> and if the dollar continues to strengthen, which makes it more expensive for overseas visitors to take trips here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state could lose out on $7.5 billion and $9.2 billion in direct income in 2017 and 2018 respectively because of the decline in visitors. That is a relative drop in the bucket for California's $2.5 trillion economy, but tourism is still an important sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Though the numbers are not huge, the individuals involved are typically low skilled and are those most vulnerable to the effects of California’s rising minimum wage,\" the report says. \"Moreover, they tend to have a high propensity to consume, so the loss in income will have a greater employment (impact) and income impact than these numbers suggest.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Mexican Breadwinners Fear Paying for Trump's Border Wall",
"title": "Mexican Breadwinners Fear Paying for Trump's Border Wall",
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"content": "\u003cp>Fifty-year-old Teresa Gomez moved to the United States as a young woman with one goal: to support her aging mother in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, Gomez has sent her mother a third of every paycheck. She organizes merchandise and attends customers at a Barrio Logan grocery store. Her mother has heart problems, and uses the money to survive in the southern Mexican state of Jalisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I send her $400 every two weeks,” said Gomez, who lives in San Diego and has dual U.S.-Mexico citizenship. \"I provide for my mother.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We came here with the American Dream, not to be millionaires, but simply to live decently and help our families.'\u003ccite>Teresa Gomez\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But that money -- known as remittances -- may soon be in jeopardy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/apps/g/page/politics/memo-explains-how-donald-trump-plans-to-pay-for-border-wall/2007/?tid=a_inl\">threatened to target remittances\u003c/a> as a way of forcing Mexico to pay for his planned border wall, which will cost anywhere between $5 billion and $25 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez doesn’t think that would be fair. She’s a U.S. citizen as well as a Mexican one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How are you going to punish so many citizens who come as workers, with good thoughts and acts in this country?” Gomez asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11350200\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11350200\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Teresa Gomez shows a picture of her mother, Carmen. 'I send her $400 every two weeks,' said Gomez, who has dual U.S.-Mexico citizenship. 'I provide for my mother.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Gomez shows a picture of her mother, Carmen. 'I send her $400 every two weeks,' said Gomez, who has dual U.S.-Mexico citizenship. 'I provide for my mother.' \u003ccite>(Kris Arciaga/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Remittances to Mexico reached a\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/remittances-to-mexico-hit-record-27-billion-in-2016-1485978810\"> record $27 billion\u003c/a> last year, representing the largest source of foreign income for the country after auto exports. Immigrants in California sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2015/may/06/california-leads-increase-remittances-mexico-us/\">the largest chunk\u003c/a>, $8 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez, a single woman, said she wouldn’t be able to afford a tax on remittances. She rents a small room in a Barrio Logan apartment, where she lives with her talkative conure parrot, Kiko.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We came here with the American Dream, not to be millionaires, but simply to live decently and help our families,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"MbA9H8q0GiRL6GdNdB2b0EqfsDXG0f4q\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez is one of millions of Mexicans in the U.S. who send money to relatives south of the border. She sends the money through a small money-transfer shop, El Frijolito, which charges a fee of $5 or $10, depending on the desired exchange rate. Others use larger transfer organizations such as Western Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent surge in remittances was due in part to fears about Trump’s threats. The owner of El Frijolito, Mariceli Castro, said money transfers surged the day after Trump became president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lines were all the way to the door. People were sending large quantities of money. A lot of people were selling everything they had in the bank,” Castro said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said if Trump targets remittances, it would be devastating for her business and her clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of (my customers) have an honest job, earning money with the sweat of their foreheads just so they can send it home,” Castro said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-Hu-b__o0Y\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Targeting remittances may be trickier than Trump has outlined \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/apps/g/page/politics/memo-explains-how-donald-trump-plans-to-pay-for-border-wall/2007/?tid=a_inl\">in his campaign memos.\u003c/a> Policy experts have said that a tax on remittances would unnecessarily hurt all money transfers to Mexico, including those by Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have to be broadly applied -- it would be, basically, a tax on electronic transfers,” said Gordon Hanson, dean of UC San Diego’s \u003ca href=\"https://gps.ucsd.edu/\">School of Global Policy and Strategy\u003c/a>. “The thing is, what’s the difference between an electronic transfer that is a remittance versus a transfer between two business entities? On paper, they look identical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hanson said a tax or ban on remittances would be devastating for Mexican-Americans and the San Diego economy in general, not just people who are in the U.S. illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"E8kjIDUyr0x10HKePS2t4VsikJolrlpI\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You look at our construction industry, you look at bars and restaurants and hotels (in) the San Diego tourist industry, go into any San Diego neighborhood, who is caring for yards, who is cleaning houses and providing child care?” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez said she will find a way to send her mother the money she needs for medicines and food -- no matter what.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a human being, or rather, as a Mexican, nothing is impossible,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If need be, Gomez could cross the border to transfer the money in Tijuana. She would have to contend with three- to four-hour wait times at the ports of entry, but she said it would be worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For immigrants who live far from the border, or who lack legal immigration status in the U.S., it’s more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11350266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11350266\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"Marina moved to the U.S. in 1999, to support her mother. She said Trump's threats scare her because her mother depends on the money she sends home to Mexico City.\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-800x480.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-160x96.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-1020x612.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-1180x708.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-960x576.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-240x144.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-375x225.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-520x312.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marina moved to the U.S. in 1999, to support her mother. She said Trump's threats scare her because her mother depends on the money she sends home to Mexico City. \u003ccite>(Kris Arciaga/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marina is a 37-year-old immigrant who asked us to keep her identity secret for fear of deportation. She cleans houses and takes care of a 2-year-old girl, sending about $500 a month to her mother in Mexico City. She is also single.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never go out -- it’s rare for me to go watch a movie or eat with a friend because I’m always working,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she moved to the U.S. when she was 21 years old, in 1999, to support her mother, and that Trump’s threats scare her because her mother depends on her. She said she is afraid of going back to Mexico, where homicides rose by 22 percent last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I talk to my family, they tell me every day it’s worse. They’re even afraid to go out into the street because they killed someone here, they killed someone there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said if Trump wants to build a wall, he should build one. But she hopes he finds another way to pay for it, because she can’t afford it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I respect the new president because this is simply not my country,” she said. “But I’m not robbing money as some people say. I work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story is part of California Counts, a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what’s important to the future of California.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Millions of immigrants support relatives in Mexico by sending cash. President Trump has threatened to tax that money as a way to pay for his border wall project.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fifty-year-old Teresa Gomez moved to the United States as a young woman with one goal: to support her aging mother in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, Gomez has sent her mother a third of every paycheck. She organizes merchandise and attends customers at a Barrio Logan grocery store. Her mother has heart problems, and uses the money to survive in the southern Mexican state of Jalisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I send her $400 every two weeks,” said Gomez, who lives in San Diego and has dual U.S.-Mexico citizenship. \"I provide for my mother.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We came here with the American Dream, not to be millionaires, but simply to live decently and help our families.'\u003ccite>Teresa Gomez\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But that money -- known as remittances -- may soon be in jeopardy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/apps/g/page/politics/memo-explains-how-donald-trump-plans-to-pay-for-border-wall/2007/?tid=a_inl\">threatened to target remittances\u003c/a> as a way of forcing Mexico to pay for his planned border wall, which will cost anywhere between $5 billion and $25 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez doesn’t think that would be fair. She’s a U.S. citizen as well as a Mexican one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How are you going to punish so many citizens who come as workers, with good thoughts and acts in this country?” Gomez asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11350200\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11350200\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Teresa Gomez shows a picture of her mother, Carmen. 'I send her $400 every two weeks,' said Gomez, who has dual U.S.-Mexico citizenship. 'I provide for my mother.'\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantMomPhoneKPBS-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Gomez shows a picture of her mother, Carmen. 'I send her $400 every two weeks,' said Gomez, who has dual U.S.-Mexico citizenship. 'I provide for my mother.' \u003ccite>(Kris Arciaga/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Remittances to Mexico reached a\u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/remittances-to-mexico-hit-record-27-billion-in-2016-1485978810\"> record $27 billion\u003c/a> last year, representing the largest source of foreign income for the country after auto exports. Immigrants in California sent \u003ca href=\"http://www.kpbs.org/news/2015/may/06/california-leads-increase-remittances-mexico-us/\">the largest chunk\u003c/a>, $8 billion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez, a single woman, said she wouldn’t be able to afford a tax on remittances. She rents a small room in a Barrio Logan apartment, where she lives with her talkative conure parrot, Kiko.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We came here with the American Dream, not to be millionaires, but simply to live decently and help our families,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez is one of millions of Mexicans in the U.S. who send money to relatives south of the border. She sends the money through a small money-transfer shop, El Frijolito, which charges a fee of $5 or $10, depending on the desired exchange rate. Others use larger transfer organizations such as Western Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent surge in remittances was due in part to fears about Trump’s threats. The owner of El Frijolito, Mariceli Castro, said money transfers surged the day after Trump became president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lines were all the way to the door. People were sending large quantities of money. A lot of people were selling everything they had in the bank,” Castro said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said if Trump targets remittances, it would be devastating for her business and her clients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of (my customers) have an honest job, earning money with the sweat of their foreheads just so they can send it home,” Castro said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/P-Hu-b__o0Y'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/P-Hu-b__o0Y'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Targeting remittances may be trickier than Trump has outlined \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/apps/g/page/politics/memo-explains-how-donald-trump-plans-to-pay-for-border-wall/2007/?tid=a_inl\">in his campaign memos.\u003c/a> Policy experts have said that a tax on remittances would unnecessarily hurt all money transfers to Mexico, including those by Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would have to be broadly applied -- it would be, basically, a tax on electronic transfers,” said Gordon Hanson, dean of UC San Diego’s \u003ca href=\"https://gps.ucsd.edu/\">School of Global Policy and Strategy\u003c/a>. “The thing is, what’s the difference between an electronic transfer that is a remittance versus a transfer between two business entities? On paper, they look identical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hanson said a tax or ban on remittances would be devastating for Mexican-Americans and the San Diego economy in general, not just people who are in the U.S. illegally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You look at our construction industry, you look at bars and restaurants and hotels (in) the San Diego tourist industry, go into any San Diego neighborhood, who is caring for yards, who is cleaning houses and providing child care?” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez said she will find a way to send her mother the money she needs for medicines and food -- no matter what.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a human being, or rather, as a Mexican, nothing is impossible,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If need be, Gomez could cross the border to transfer the money in Tijuana. She would have to contend with three- to four-hour wait times at the ports of entry, but she said it would be worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For immigrants who live far from the border, or who lack legal immigration status in the U.S., it’s more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11350266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11350266\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-800x480.jpg\" alt=\"Marina moved to the U.S. in 1999, to support her mother. She said Trump's threats scare her because her mother depends on the money she sends home to Mexico City.\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-800x480.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-160x96.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-1020x612.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-1180x708.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-960x576.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-240x144.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-375x225.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/03/ImmigrantSkyKPBS-520x312.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marina moved to the U.S. in 1999, to support her mother. She said Trump's threats scare her because her mother depends on the money she sends home to Mexico City. \u003ccite>(Kris Arciaga/KPBS)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Marina is a 37-year-old immigrant who asked us to keep her identity secret for fear of deportation. She cleans houses and takes care of a 2-year-old girl, sending about $500 a month to her mother in Mexico City. She is also single.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never go out -- it’s rare for me to go watch a movie or eat with a friend because I’m always working,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she moved to the U.S. when she was 21 years old, in 1999, to support her mother, and that Trump’s threats scare her because her mother depends on her. She said she is afraid of going back to Mexico, where homicides rose by 22 percent last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I talk to my family, they tell me every day it’s worse. They’re even afraid to go out into the street because they killed someone here, they killed someone there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said if Trump wants to build a wall, he should build one. But she hopes he finds another way to pay for it, because she can’t afford it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I respect the new president because this is simply not my country,” she said. “But I’m not robbing money as some people say. I work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"planet-money": {
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
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