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"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]C[/dropcap]alifornia’s new system for funding public education has pumped tens of billions of extra dollars into struggling schools, but there’s little evidence yet that the investment is helping the most disadvantaged students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CALmatters analysis of the biggest districts with the greatest clusters of needy children found limited success with the policy’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbsun.com/general-news/20130612/brown-plan-gives-big-money-to-close-education-gap\" target=\"_blank\">goal\u003c/a>: to close the achievement gap between these students and their more privileged peers. Instead, results in most of those places show the gap is growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test scores echo a broader and growing concern about the four-year-old Local Control Funding Formula from civil rights groups, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/needy-california-kids-still-fewer-education-choices/\" target=\"_blank\">researchers\u003c/a> and legislators. They also raise concerns about whether the $31 billion invested so far in foster youth, kids learning English and students from low-income families has been well spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That concern has created a high-stakes confrontation with Gov. Jerry Brown, the formula’s architect, because his goal of shifting more responsibility to the local level means the state does not track basic information such as how much grant money each district gets for needy students or how it’s allocated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state has spent tens of billions of dollars trying to lift poor kids and not one penny evaluating whether any of it is working,” said Bruce Fuller, an education policy professor at UC Berkeley. \"That's outrageous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, who once championed the new system as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18123\" target=\"_blank\">revolutionary\u003c/a>,” declined to grant an interview. Last month, speaking at a Capitol news conference, the governor defended the state’s limited role in monitoring the formula’s impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want the activists, the parents, the teachers to go to their local boards and put pressure on them. They can drive their own cars, park in the local parking lots and argue there,” he said, later adding “but if there is something that we need to handle, we will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524632\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11524632 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Madison Elementary School Principal Lisa Gonzales-Solomon snaps a selfie with her students one morning before class in Santa Ana. The district is one of 15 CALmatters studied to understand how well the state’s new school funding formula is working.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Madison Elementary School Principal Lisa Gonzales-Solomon snaps a selfie with her students one morning before class in Santa Ana. The district is one of 15 CALmatters studied to understand how well the state’s new school funding formula is working. \u003ccite>(Iris Schneider/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]T[/dropcap]wo years after the state adopted the new funding formula, it created new tests to measure student performance. Experts say it’s too early to draw sweeping conclusions from the new test scores in 2015 and 2016, but they’re troubled that the early results show little improvement for the neediest students and, in many cases, a widening achievement gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CALmatters examination of the 15 largest \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/school-funding-data-table/\" target=\"_blank\">school systems\u003c/a> where nine out of 10 kids qualify for extra funding shows that serious problems remain. Large majorities of students in these districts, which are mostly in Southern California, still fail state tests. And although test scores are improving, the growth lags behind progress made by students not targeted by the new policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the analysis:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Almost all of the districts saw the gap between their low-income students’ proficiency in math and that of others across the state stay the same or grow larger. In reading, more than half the districts failed to nudge the gap.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>English-learners enrolled in these school systems are even worse off. Gaps between their test scores and those of fluent students grew in both subjects. A few districts even saw those students’ passing rates decline.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Districts that responded to questions about their academic results touted improvements in raw “scale scores” that haven’t yet translated into higher levels of proficiency. But achievement gaps are growing in most of these places even when growth in raw scores is examined.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Santa Ana Deputy Superintendent David Haglund stressed the obstacles his students face: Many are Central American immigrants who arrive speaking no English, and often live with other families in crowded bungalows -- doing homework on the floor or in a garage.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'However we cut it, the funding higher poverty districts have received hasn’t translated into better opportunities for kids in lower-income schools.'\u003ccite>Carrie Hahnel, Education Trust-West\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Are we happy with the results? It’s a crazy question,” he said. “No, we always want to do better. We can do better. But we have to be reasonable and rational about our students’ environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disadvantaged students may not be improving more because some key changes haven’t occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley researchers Bruce Fuller and JoonHo Lee \u003ca href=\"https://gse.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/users/bruce-fuller/CASchoolFinance_Lee_Fuller_June2017_workingpaper.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">examined\u003c/a> whether the policy led more needy students to take courses required to attend California’s public universities. Although some districts saw progress, it wasn’t evident in places with the most needy kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another statewide \u003ca href=\"https://west.edtrust.org/resource/the-steep-road-to-resource-equity-in-california-education/\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> published by the nonprofit civil rights group Education Trust-West found that even under the new formula, low-income students still have far less access to support staff -- including counselors, nurses and psychologists -- and to key courses, such as calculus, physics and music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However we cut it, the funding higher poverty districts have received hasn’t translated into better opportunities for kids in lower-income schools,” study author Carrie Hahnel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Brown overhauled school funding four years ago, he was responding to concerns that had been building for decades. Low-income students’ test scores had long lagged about 30 percentage points behind their peers. In addition, the state’s old “categorical” system for distributing money to public schools had for years frustrated advocates of all stripes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s plan awards districts funding based on a formula and gives them more flexibility to determine how it’s spent. Since 2013, the state has distributed about $31 billion in grant funding for disadvantaged kids, according to estimates by the nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[NeedyKidsCash]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Brown, legislative leaders and key supporters settled on the formula’s framework, they turned their attention to rules for transparency and accountability. But the parties involved in those talks couldn’t reach agreement. So with a deadline looming to finalize the deal, they punted and left it up to the State Board of Education to craft the rules through regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Assemblymembers Phil Ting of San Francisco and Shirley Weber of San Diego have been fighting for fiscal transparency alongside advocates for disadvantaged kids ever since. In 2014, the two lawmakers added a provision to the state budget that would have required each district to report the values of their supplemental and concentration grants separately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Brown administration insisted that be deleted from the budget before lawmakers had a chance to vote on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year, Ting and Weber tried again, and Brown blocked their efforts a second time. He would only agree to impose more stringent fiscal reporting requirements in 2020, two years after he leaves office, when he says the Local Control Funding Formula will be fully phased in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Democratic Assemblywoman Shirley Weber of San Diego is one of the most powerful members of the Assembly Education Committee. She has been fighting for greater fiscal transparency since California adopted a new school funding system four years ago.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11524720\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic Assemblywoman Shirley Weber of San Diego is one of the most powerful members of the Assembly Education Committee. She has been fighting for greater fiscal transparency since California adopted a new school funding system four years ago. \u003ccite>(Steve Yeater/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The policy called on state educators to intervene in any school district that failed to meet expectations in three out of four years. But the clock for possible state interventions wasn’t started until this year. In the meantime, the State Board of Education requires districts to file an annual Local Control and Accountability Plan with their county office of education, which will begin identifying failing school districts and offering assistance next school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are the extra resources reaching the populations we’re trying to help?” asked Ting, who chairs the Assembly Budget Committee. “Right now, we don’t know.”\u003cbr>\nThe governor declined to answer any questions about his opposition to collecting spending figures now. State Board of Education President Michael Kirst said in a statement that it’s too early to fairly assess the formula’s performance, and that schools need more time to adapt to new tests and curricula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Drawing any kind of hard and fast conclusion about the success or failure of California’s massive shifts in the public education landscape based on only two years of test data would be irresponsible,” Kirst said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, the state just unveiled its new “dashboard,” which contains performance metrics for each of its more than 1,000 districts. It displays suspension rates, graduation rates, parent engagement, and scores from a new test, Smarter Balanced, that the state began in 2015 to evaluate student achievement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the dashboard lacks information about the money districts have received under the new policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber has been pushing legislation that would require the state to track and publish, broken down by type, the amount of federal state and local money given to each of California’s more than 10,000 public schools. Late last month, Assembly Bill 1321 cleared the state Assembly with unanimous support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lockdown on information,” said Weber, a former school board president. “It’s a major problem. And if the governor doesn’t solve this problem, we may have to dismantle this policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524717\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-800x499.jpg\" alt=\"Teacher Dennise Carter works with a small group of students at Kendrick Elementary School in Bakersfield’s Greenfield Union School District. The district used some of the money it received for needy students under the state’s new school funding system to hire veteran teachers like Carter as academic coaches.\" width=\"800\" height=\"499\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11524717\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-800x499.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-1020x636.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-1180x736.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-960x599.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-240x150.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-375x234.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-520x324.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Dennise Carter works with a small group of students at Kendrick Elementary School in Bakersfield’s Greenfield Union School District. The district used some of the money it received for needy students under the state’s new school funding system to hire veteran teachers like Carter as academic coaches. \u003ccite>(Henry Barrios/The Californian)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]N[/dropcap]one of the districts CALmatters \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/open-reporting-school-funding-california/\">studied\u003c/a> has tracked its own spending as carefully as Greenfield Union in Bakersfield. It publishes a detailed, annual list of its investments in poor kids, foster youth and English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, the district’s finance and teaching teams hardly spoke and almost never collaborated, said Lori Aragon, assistant superintendent of curriculum. “The budget used to determine our needs,” she said. “Now, our needs determine the budget.” And for the first time, parents are helping the district identify those needs by sharing feedback at popular community meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strategy seems to be working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenfield Union’s share of low-income students passing standardized reading and math tests grew by 9 and 7 percentage points, respectively—among the biggest gains of any district CALmatters analyzed, and well above the state’s average increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as California’s booming economy slows and districts face rising pension and health care costs, the formula’s ability to drive change will weaken, meaning the state may have already seen the best of what it has to offer disadvantaged kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what has me concerned,” said researcher Hahnel. “The results we’ve seen so far aren’t commensurate with the investment we’ve made. Yes, change takes time, but that assumes we’re keeping our foot on the gas. Right now, it looks like we’re about to pull away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is an abridged version of the complete story, which is available at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>—a public interest journalism venture committed to explaining how California’s state Capitol works and why it matters. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Analysis of the biggest districts with the greatest clusters of needy kids finds a still-growing gap between the disadvantaged students and their more privileged peers.",
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"title": "Is California’s Investment in Needy Students Paying Off? Few Signs Indicate Achievement Gap Is Closing | KQED",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/author/jessica-calefati/\" target=\"_blank\">Jessica Calefati\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">C\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>alifornia’s new system for funding public education has pumped tens of billions of extra dollars into struggling schools, but there’s little evidence yet that the investment is helping the most disadvantaged students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A CALmatters analysis of the biggest districts with the greatest clusters of needy children found limited success with the policy’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sbsun.com/general-news/20130612/brown-plan-gives-big-money-to-close-education-gap\" target=\"_blank\">goal\u003c/a>: to close the achievement gap between these students and their more privileged peers. Instead, results in most of those places show the gap is growing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test scores echo a broader and growing concern about the four-year-old Local Control Funding Formula from civil rights groups, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/needy-california-kids-still-fewer-education-choices/\" target=\"_blank\">researchers\u003c/a> and legislators. They also raise concerns about whether the $31 billion invested so far in foster youth, kids learning English and students from low-income families has been well spent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That concern has created a high-stakes confrontation with Gov. Jerry Brown, the formula’s architect, because his goal of shifting more responsibility to the local level means the state does not track basic information such as how much grant money each district gets for needy students or how it’s allocated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The state has spent tens of billions of dollars trying to lift poor kids and not one penny evaluating whether any of it is working,” said Bruce Fuller, an education policy professor at UC Berkeley. \"That's outrageous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown, who once championed the new system as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18123\" target=\"_blank\">revolutionary\u003c/a>,” declined to grant an interview. Last month, speaking at a Capitol news conference, the governor defended the state’s limited role in monitoring the formula’s impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want the activists, the parents, the teachers to go to their local boards and put pressure on them. They can drive their own cars, park in the local parking lots and argue there,” he said, later adding “but if there is something that we need to handle, we will.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524632\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11524632 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Madison Elementary School Principal Lisa Gonzales-Solomon snaps a selfie with her students one morning before class in Santa Ana. The district is one of 15 CALmatters studied to understand how well the state’s new school funding formula is working.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/PrincipalSelfie-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Madison Elementary School Principal Lisa Gonzales-Solomon snaps a selfie with her students one morning before class in Santa Ana. The district is one of 15 CALmatters studied to understand how well the state’s new school funding formula is working. \u003ccite>(Iris Schneider/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">T\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>wo years after the state adopted the new funding formula, it created new tests to measure student performance. Experts say it’s too early to draw sweeping conclusions from the new test scores in 2015 and 2016, but they’re troubled that the early results show little improvement for the neediest students and, in many cases, a widening achievement gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CALmatters examination of the 15 largest \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/school-funding-data-table/\" target=\"_blank\">school systems\u003c/a> where nine out of 10 kids qualify for extra funding shows that serious problems remain. Large majorities of students in these districts, which are mostly in Southern California, still fail state tests. And although test scores are improving, the growth lags behind progress made by students not targeted by the new policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the analysis:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Almost all of the districts saw the gap between their low-income students’ proficiency in math and that of others across the state stay the same or grow larger. In reading, more than half the districts failed to nudge the gap.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>English-learners enrolled in these school systems are even worse off. Gaps between their test scores and those of fluent students grew in both subjects. A few districts even saw those students’ passing rates decline.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Districts that responded to questions about their academic results touted improvements in raw “scale scores” that haven’t yet translated into higher levels of proficiency. But achievement gaps are growing in most of these places even when growth in raw scores is examined.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Santa Ana Deputy Superintendent David Haglund stressed the obstacles his students face: Many are Central American immigrants who arrive speaking no English, and often live with other families in crowded bungalows -- doing homework on the floor or in a garage.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'However we cut it, the funding higher poverty districts have received hasn’t translated into better opportunities for kids in lower-income schools.'\u003ccite>Carrie Hahnel, Education Trust-West\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Are we happy with the results? It’s a crazy question,” he said. “No, we always want to do better. We can do better. But we have to be reasonable and rational about our students’ environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disadvantaged students may not be improving more because some key changes haven’t occurred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley researchers Bruce Fuller and JoonHo Lee \u003ca href=\"https://gse.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/users/bruce-fuller/CASchoolFinance_Lee_Fuller_June2017_workingpaper.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">examined\u003c/a> whether the policy led more needy students to take courses required to attend California’s public universities. Although some districts saw progress, it wasn’t evident in places with the most needy kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another statewide \u003ca href=\"https://west.edtrust.org/resource/the-steep-road-to-resource-equity-in-california-education/\" target=\"_blank\">study\u003c/a> published by the nonprofit civil rights group Education Trust-West found that even under the new formula, low-income students still have far less access to support staff -- including counselors, nurses and psychologists -- and to key courses, such as calculus, physics and music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However we cut it, the funding higher poverty districts have received hasn’t translated into better opportunities for kids in lower-income schools,” study author Carrie Hahnel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Brown overhauled school funding four years ago, he was responding to concerns that had been building for decades. Low-income students’ test scores had long lagged about 30 percentage points behind their peers. In addition, the state’s old “categorical” system for distributing money to public schools had for years frustrated advocates of all stripes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown’s plan awards districts funding based on a formula and gives them more flexibility to determine how it’s spent. Since 2013, the state has distributed about $31 billion in grant funding for disadvantaged kids, according to estimates by the nonpartisan Legislative Analyst’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[NeedyKidsCash]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once Brown, legislative leaders and key supporters settled on the formula’s framework, they turned their attention to rules for transparency and accountability. But the parties involved in those talks couldn’t reach agreement. So with a deadline looming to finalize the deal, they punted and left it up to the State Board of Education to craft the rules through regulation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic Assemblymembers Phil Ting of San Francisco and Shirley Weber of San Diego have been fighting for fiscal transparency alongside advocates for disadvantaged kids ever since. In 2014, the two lawmakers added a provision to the state budget that would have required each district to report the values of their supplemental and concentration grants separately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the Brown administration insisted that be deleted from the budget before lawmakers had a chance to vote on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year, Ting and Weber tried again, and Brown blocked their efforts a second time. He would only agree to impose more stringent fiscal reporting requirements in 2020, two years after he leaves office, when he says the Local Control Funding Formula will be fully phased in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524720\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Democratic Assemblywoman Shirley Weber of San Diego is one of the most powerful members of the Assembly Education Committee. She has been fighting for greater fiscal transparency since California adopted a new school funding system four years ago.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11524720\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/Weber-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democratic Assemblywoman Shirley Weber of San Diego is one of the most powerful members of the Assembly Education Committee. She has been fighting for greater fiscal transparency since California adopted a new school funding system four years ago. \u003ccite>(Steve Yeater/CALmatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The policy called on state educators to intervene in any school district that failed to meet expectations in three out of four years. But the clock for possible state interventions wasn’t started until this year. In the meantime, the State Board of Education requires districts to file an annual Local Control and Accountability Plan with their county office of education, which will begin identifying failing school districts and offering assistance next school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Are the extra resources reaching the populations we’re trying to help?” asked Ting, who chairs the Assembly Budget Committee. “Right now, we don’t know.”\u003cbr>\nThe governor declined to answer any questions about his opposition to collecting spending figures now. State Board of Education President Michael Kirst said in a statement that it’s too early to fairly assess the formula’s performance, and that schools need more time to adapt to new tests and curricula.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Drawing any kind of hard and fast conclusion about the success or failure of California’s massive shifts in the public education landscape based on only two years of test data would be irresponsible,” Kirst said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus, the state just unveiled its new “dashboard,” which contains performance metrics for each of its more than 1,000 districts. It displays suspension rates, graduation rates, parent engagement, and scores from a new test, Smarter Balanced, that the state began in 2015 to evaluate student achievement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the dashboard lacks information about the money districts have received under the new policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber has been pushing legislation that would require the state to track and publish, broken down by type, the amount of federal state and local money given to each of California’s more than 10,000 public schools. Late last month, Assembly Bill 1321 cleared the state Assembly with unanimous support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lockdown on information,” said Weber, a former school board president. “It’s a major problem. And if the governor doesn’t solve this problem, we may have to dismantle this policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524717\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-800x499.jpg\" alt=\"Teacher Dennise Carter works with a small group of students at Kendrick Elementary School in Bakersfield’s Greenfield Union School District. The district used some of the money it received for needy students under the state’s new school funding system to hire veteran teachers like Carter as academic coaches.\" width=\"800\" height=\"499\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11524717\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-800x499.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-160x100.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-1020x636.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-1180x736.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-960x599.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-240x150.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-375x234.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/WorkingWStudents-520x324.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Dennise Carter works with a small group of students at Kendrick Elementary School in Bakersfield’s Greenfield Union School District. The district used some of the money it received for needy students under the state’s new school funding system to hire veteran teachers like Carter as academic coaches. \u003ccite>(Henry Barrios/The Californian)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">N\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>one of the districts CALmatters \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/articles/open-reporting-school-funding-california/\">studied\u003c/a> has tracked its own spending as carefully as Greenfield Union in Bakersfield. It publishes a detailed, annual list of its investments in poor kids, foster youth and English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Previously, the district’s finance and teaching teams hardly spoke and almost never collaborated, said Lori Aragon, assistant superintendent of curriculum. “The budget used to determine our needs,” she said. “Now, our needs determine the budget.” And for the first time, parents are helping the district identify those needs by sharing feedback at popular community meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The strategy seems to be working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenfield Union’s share of low-income students passing standardized reading and math tests grew by 9 and 7 percentage points, respectively—among the biggest gains of any district CALmatters analyzed, and well above the state’s average increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as California’s booming economy slows and districts face rising pension and health care costs, the formula’s ability to drive change will weaken, meaning the state may have already seen the best of what it has to offer disadvantaged kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s what has me concerned,” said researcher Hahnel. “The results we’ve seen so far aren’t commensurate with the investment we’ve made. Yes, change takes time, but that assumes we’re keeping our foot on the gas. Right now, it looks like we’re about to pull away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is an abridged version of the complete story, which is available at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>CALmatters.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>—a public interest journalism venture committed to explaining how California’s state Capitol works and why it matters. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Democrats Play Blame Game With Pelosi After Georgia Election — To GOP's Glee",
"title": "Democrats Play Blame Game With Pelosi After Georgia Election — To GOP's Glee",
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"content": "\u003cp>Democratic finger-pointing has begun after the party's loss in Tuesday's closely watched special election in Georgia, and for some members, the blame partly belongs to their House minority leader, Nancy Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Democrat has long been a boogeywoman Republicans have used to motivate their base and to woo independents as the personification of liberal values and a reminder of why even if they may like their individual member or candidate, a vote for that Democrat would be a step toward putting Pelosi back in the speaker's chair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Atlanta, ads from the Congressional Leadership Fund that tied Democrat Jon Ossoff to Pelosi blanketed the airwaves. And after Republican Karen Handel pulled out the win, the leadership-backed superPAC said using the Democratic leader prominently was one of its most effective tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When asked, over 60 percent of voters preferred a congressman who would work with Paul Ryan, while only 28 percent chose Nancy Pelosi,\" CLF Executive Director Corry Bliss wrote in a memo on Wednesday morning. \"This became a focal point in our messaging, as well as other outside groups and the Handel campaign itself. CLF never deviated from the goal of defining Ossoff as a dishonest liberal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi isn't in danger of losing the leadership perch she has long held, though she did fend off her toughest challenge ever last fall from Rep. Tim Ryan, D-Ohio, who argued the party needed someone who better understood the rural, working-class voters that were critical to President Trump's victory over Hillary Clinton. Ultimately, Pelosi still got support from about two-thirds of the caucus, though the 63 votes Ryan garnered were the most serious defection Pelosi has ever faced.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\n'It's time for some change. I think it's time for a new generation of leadership.'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Rep. Seth Moultin, D-Mass.\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ryan told NPR on Wednesday that the ads that Republican groups ran harnessing Pelosi's unpopularity with their GOP base voters were clearly effective. And running simply on an anti-Trump message — like Clinton tried and failed last year — wouldn't work for Democrats in 2018 either, no matter how mired in scandal and controversy over Russia the White House may be. Instead, Ryan argued voters want to know how Democrats will address economic concerns and grow jobs, and so far the party doesn't have a coherent message on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know you can sit here and we'll talk about Russia all day long today on Capitol Hill and in Washington. You go back to Ohio, they're not talking about Russia. They're not. They're not talking about Putin, Russia, Flynn. ... I just feel like we're so disconnected from what real people are thinking about. We're overwhelmed with our anger towards Trump. And I'm mad at Trump, but I'm madder at the Democrats for letting him get in. And we better focus,\" Ryan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's OK to be mad,\" Ryan added, but Democrats have to find a way to channel that into policy ideas. \"If you stay mad, you stay angry, you're unproductive. And I think you know the energy is good, but we better start moving towards a focus on an agenda that's going to help working-class people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Seth Moulton, D-Mass., who supported Ryan in the leadership elections, also said it was time for a change at the top, and that this loss — where Democrats poured in tens of millions of dollars only to do worse than Clinton did in the district — \"better be a wake-up call.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look, I think the Democratic Party has to come to terms with the fact that what we're doing isn't working,\" Moulton said. \"It's time for some change. I think it's time for a new generation of leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moulton, a 38-year-old Iraq War veteran, was elected to Congress in 2014. He argued that when strategy doesn't work, there have to be repercussions at the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Certainly, one thing I learned as a Marine is my job description was very simple: You're responsible for everything your platoon does or fails to do,\" Moulton said. \"I think our leadership owes us an explanation for what's gone on in these four elections, but also a plan for moving forward. That's the most important part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other members were even more blunt in their assessment of the Georgia defeat and Pelosi's culpability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think you'd have to be an idiot to think we could win the House with Pelosi at the top,\" Rep. Filemon Vela, D-Texas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/06/21/nancy-pelosi-fallout-georgia-special-election-239804\" target=\"_blank\">told Politico\u003c/a>. \"Nancy Pelosi is not the only reason that Ossoff lost. But she certainly is one of the reasons.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\n'Look, they demonized Nancy in 2010, they demonized her in 2006. We’re used to that.'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Rep. Bill Pascrell, D-New Jersey\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For GOP consultants, tie-every-Democrat-to-Pelosi is a tried-and-true strategy that's been working for more than six years. Veteran GOP ad-maker Brad Todd says that's because the San Francisco congresswoman is the personification of the liberal values they can't stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are plenty of people who have qualms with Trump on one level or another, but are totally willing to stick with him because the Democratic option is just too far left,\" Todd said. \"Pelosi is the human embodiment of that. She fits the stereotype of exactly what swing voters can't stand about the Democratic Party.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Ossoff race, even though the 30-year-old documentary filmmaker and former congressional staffer ended up running a more centrist and not Trump-centric campaign, Republicans were able to zero in on the more than $23 million in donations Ossoff raised, largely from liberal enclaves like California and New York, and make an easy connection to Pelosi. One of their ads even features the Bay Area and branded the two Democrats together, putting his photo alongside hers on the Golden Gate Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi allies have pushed back at the blame game and pointed to the improvement Democrats had in other special elections in Kansas, Montana and South Carolina as evidence that their efforts to harness the resistance against Trump was working. And they point out that even if Georgia's 6th District, which the president only narrowly carried, wasn't Trump Country, it was still a reliably red area that was going to be hard to overcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Dby318yFqU&w=560&h=315]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the previous election — the Republican candidate won by more than 20 points. To come within a hair's breath of winning that seat is nothing short of extraordinary,\" said House Democratic Caucus Vice Chairwoman Linda Sánchez, D-California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the districts where we are truly competitive, I don't think that [anti-Pelosi] message is going to hold very much,\" said Rep. Karen Bass, D-California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look, they demonized Nancy in 2010, they demonized her in 2006. We're used to that,\" said New Jersey Democratic Rep. Bill Pascrell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A top aide to Pelosi dismissed the blaming, saying that Pelosi still enjoys broad support among the conference and that any party leader would be subject to partisan attacks. And she remains the party's most prodigious fundraiser, bringing in $567.9 million for the party since she joined leadership in 2002. Last cycle alone, she raised $141.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter to her colleagues on Wednesday about the special elections, Pelosi maintained an upbeat tone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every effort was made to win last night. But we don't agonize, we organize — organize inside the House and mobilize outside for the good of the American people,\" she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with Republicans re-energized after the Georgia win, they're praying she doesn't go anywhere anytime soon. After she was re-elected Democratic leader, the Republican National Committee \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/gop-hangs-hire-pelosi-sign-outside-headquarters/article/2608377\" target=\"_blank\">unfurled a banner\u003c/a> that read \"Hire Pelosi\" outside its headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It works only 100 percent of the time,\" said Todd, the GOP ad-maker. \"Pelosi is the gift that keeps on giving.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Democrats+Play+Blame+Game+With+Pelosi+After+Georgia+Election+%E2%80%94+To+GOP%27s+Glee&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Republicans were able to effectively tie House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi to losing candidate Jon Ossoff in Georgia. It's a strategy they've used for years and don't plan to abandon anytime soon.",
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"description": "Republicans were able to effectively tie House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi to losing candidate Jon Ossoff in Georgia. It's a strategy they've used for years and don't plan to abandon anytime soon.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Democratic finger-pointing has begun after the party's loss in Tuesday's closely watched special election in Georgia, and for some members, the blame partly belongs to their House minority leader, Nancy Pelosi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Democrat has long been a boogeywoman Republicans have used to motivate their base and to woo independents as the personification of liberal values and a reminder of why even if they may like their individual member or candidate, a vote for that Democrat would be a step toward putting Pelosi back in the speaker's chair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Atlanta, ads from the Congressional Leadership Fund that tied Democrat Jon Ossoff to Pelosi blanketed the airwaves. And after Republican Karen Handel pulled out the win, the leadership-backed superPAC said using the Democratic leader prominently was one of its most effective tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When asked, over 60 percent of voters preferred a congressman who would work with Paul Ryan, while only 28 percent chose Nancy Pelosi,\" CLF Executive Director Corry Bliss wrote in a memo on Wednesday morning. \"This became a focal point in our messaging, as well as other outside groups and the Handel campaign itself. CLF never deviated from the goal of defining Ossoff as a dishonest liberal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi isn't in danger of losing the leadership perch she has long held, though she did fend off her toughest challenge ever last fall from Rep. Tim Ryan, D-Ohio, who argued the party needed someone who better understood the rural, working-class voters that were critical to President Trump's victory over Hillary Clinton. Ultimately, Pelosi still got support from about two-thirds of the caucus, though the 63 votes Ryan garnered were the most serious defection Pelosi has ever faced.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\n'It's time for some change. I think it's time for a new generation of leadership.'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Rep. Seth Moultin, D-Mass.\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ryan told NPR on Wednesday that the ads that Republican groups ran harnessing Pelosi's unpopularity with their GOP base voters were clearly effective. And running simply on an anti-Trump message — like Clinton tried and failed last year — wouldn't work for Democrats in 2018 either, no matter how mired in scandal and controversy over Russia the White House may be. Instead, Ryan argued voters want to know how Democrats will address economic concerns and grow jobs, and so far the party doesn't have a coherent message on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You know you can sit here and we'll talk about Russia all day long today on Capitol Hill and in Washington. You go back to Ohio, they're not talking about Russia. They're not. They're not talking about Putin, Russia, Flynn. ... I just feel like we're so disconnected from what real people are thinking about. We're overwhelmed with our anger towards Trump. And I'm mad at Trump, but I'm madder at the Democrats for letting him get in. And we better focus,\" Ryan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's OK to be mad,\" Ryan added, but Democrats have to find a way to channel that into policy ideas. \"If you stay mad, you stay angry, you're unproductive. And I think you know the energy is good, but we better start moving towards a focus on an agenda that's going to help working-class people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Seth Moulton, D-Mass., who supported Ryan in the leadership elections, also said it was time for a change at the top, and that this loss — where Democrats poured in tens of millions of dollars only to do worse than Clinton did in the district — \"better be a wake-up call.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look, I think the Democratic Party has to come to terms with the fact that what we're doing isn't working,\" Moulton said. \"It's time for some change. I think it's time for a new generation of leadership.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moulton, a 38-year-old Iraq War veteran, was elected to Congress in 2014. He argued that when strategy doesn't work, there have to be repercussions at the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Certainly, one thing I learned as a Marine is my job description was very simple: You're responsible for everything your platoon does or fails to do,\" Moulton said. \"I think our leadership owes us an explanation for what's gone on in these four elections, but also a plan for moving forward. That's the most important part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other members were even more blunt in their assessment of the Georgia defeat and Pelosi's culpability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think you'd have to be an idiot to think we could win the House with Pelosi at the top,\" Rep. Filemon Vela, D-Texas, \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2017/06/21/nancy-pelosi-fallout-georgia-special-election-239804\" target=\"_blank\">told Politico\u003c/a>. \"Nancy Pelosi is not the only reason that Ossoff lost. But she certainly is one of the reasons.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\n'Look, they demonized Nancy in 2010, they demonized her in 2006. We’re used to that.'\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Rep. Bill Pascrell, D-New Jersey\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For GOP consultants, tie-every-Democrat-to-Pelosi is a tried-and-true strategy that's been working for more than six years. Veteran GOP ad-maker Brad Todd says that's because the San Francisco congresswoman is the personification of the liberal values they can't stomach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are plenty of people who have qualms with Trump on one level or another, but are totally willing to stick with him because the Democratic option is just too far left,\" Todd said. \"Pelosi is the human embodiment of that. She fits the stereotype of exactly what swing voters can't stand about the Democratic Party.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Ossoff race, even though the 30-year-old documentary filmmaker and former congressional staffer ended up running a more centrist and not Trump-centric campaign, Republicans were able to zero in on the more than $23 million in donations Ossoff raised, largely from liberal enclaves like California and New York, and make an easy connection to Pelosi. One of their ads even features the Bay Area and branded the two Democrats together, putting his photo alongside hers on the Golden Gate Bridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi allies have pushed back at the blame game and pointed to the improvement Democrats had in other special elections in Kansas, Montana and South Carolina as evidence that their efforts to harness the resistance against Trump was working. And they point out that even if Georgia's 6th District, which the president only narrowly carried, wasn't Trump Country, it was still a reliably red area that was going to be hard to overcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1Dby318yFqU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1Dby318yFqU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the previous election — the Republican candidate won by more than 20 points. To come within a hair's breath of winning that seat is nothing short of extraordinary,\" said House Democratic Caucus Vice Chairwoman Linda Sánchez, D-California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In the districts where we are truly competitive, I don't think that [anti-Pelosi] message is going to hold very much,\" said Rep. Karen Bass, D-California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look, they demonized Nancy in 2010, they demonized her in 2006. We're used to that,\" said New Jersey Democratic Rep. Bill Pascrell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A top aide to Pelosi dismissed the blaming, saying that Pelosi still enjoys broad support among the conference and that any party leader would be subject to partisan attacks. And she remains the party's most prodigious fundraiser, bringing in $567.9 million for the party since she joined leadership in 2002. Last cycle alone, she raised $141.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a letter to her colleagues on Wednesday about the special elections, Pelosi maintained an upbeat tone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every effort was made to win last night. But we don't agonize, we organize — organize inside the House and mobilize outside for the good of the American people,\" she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with Republicans re-energized after the Georgia win, they're praying she doesn't go anywhere anytime soon. After she was re-elected Democratic leader, the Republican National Committee \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/gop-hangs-hire-pelosi-sign-outside-headquarters/article/2608377\" target=\"_blank\">unfurled a banner\u003c/a> that read \"Hire Pelosi\" outside its headquarters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It works only 100 percent of the time,\" said Todd, the GOP ad-maker. \"Pelosi is the gift that keeps on giving.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Democrats+Play+Blame+Game+With+Pelosi+After+Georgia+Election+%E2%80%94+To+GOP%27s+Glee&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How Would Engineers Build the Golden Gate Bridge Today?",
"title": "How Would Engineers Build the Golden Gate Bridge Today?",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Ever since the Golden Gate Bridge opened to traffic on May 27, 1937, it’s been an iconic symbol on the American landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1870, people had realized the necessity of building a bridge spanning the Golden Gate Strait to connect the city of San Francisco with Marin County. However, it was another half-century before structural engineer Joseph Strauss submitted his bridge proposal. The plans evolved, and the final project was approved as a suspension bridge that ended up taking \u003ca href=\"http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/golden-gate-bridge-is-born\">over four years to build\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Golden Gate Bridge went up, it was the longest suspended bridge span in the world -- cables hold up the roadway between two towers, with no intermediate supports. And the setting had a number of inherent challenges. It cost about \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/research/ConstructionPrimeContr.php\">$37 million\u003c/a> at the time; building the same structure today would cost about a billion dollars. So how has the design held up over the past 80 years –- and would we do things differently if we were starting from scratch today?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Longest Suspension Bridge in the World\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge, meaning it relies on cables and suspenders under tension along with towers under compression to cross a long distance without any intermediate supports. The roadway deck hangs from vertical suspenders that connect to the two main cables that run between the towers and the anchors on the end. The suspenders transfer vehicular forces and self-weight to the supporting cables that are anchored to towers and onto solid ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first bridges of this type probably connected two cliffs with flexible ropes to cross a valley or a river. Hundreds of years ago, these ropes were made of plant fiber; iron chains came later. The Brooklyn Bridge in New York City, opened in 1883, was the first to use steel cables, which then became standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The towers likely started as a simple rock on each side of a valley; eventually engineers used massive stone or steel piers. The Golden Gate Bridge, for instance, is supported by one abutment on each end and the two towers, which are placed over foundations embedded in the seafloor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden Gate Bridge’s two supporting cables are about the only thing that has not been changed since the bridge was opened to traffic in 1937. Each main cable is formed by 27,572 steel wires with the approximate thickness of a pencil. Construction crews hung nearly \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/research/factsGGBDesign.php\">80,000 miles of wire cables\u003c/a> from one side of the bridge to the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Since people first started pondering a bridge in the bay of San Francisco, there was huge concern about the structure’s ability to withstand the location’s strong winds, turbulent waters and possible earthquake forces.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s nearly impossible to manufacture a long, thick cable in one piece with no flaws to do this job. And crucially, if a single big cable was holding the bridge up and something happened to it, there would be a catastrophic failure. Relying on smaller wires means any failure would be slower, leaving time to divert disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since people first started pondering a bridge in the bay of San Francisco, there was huge concern about the structure’s ability to withstand the location’s strong winds, turbulent waters and possible earthquake forces. San Francisco is located at the intersection of two \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfnps.org/geology\">active tectonic plates\u003c/a> -- obviously no one wanted to see an earthquake bring down the bridge, which currently carries around \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/tolls_traffic/\">112,000 vehicles per day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To avoid this problem, the builders also located shock absorbers at each end of the bridge to absorb the energy coming from wind or seismic forces. These specially designed vibration dampers are meter-diameter cylinders made of a lead core covered by rubber. Placed at strategic locations, they absorb energy that could otherwise cause the bridge to collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Keeping It in Good Shape\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Conventional wisdom would suggest an infrastructure project is done soon after its inauguration. But keeping the Golden Gate Bridge in tiptop form requires ongoing stringent maintenance. For 80 years, \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/research/caretakers.php\">dedicated maintenance crews\u003c/a> have serviced the bridge, repainting and substituting the corroded or broken components where necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This work must be done to exacting standards. For example, when any of the thousands of bolts that connect all the various pieces of the bridge need replacement, no more than two are taken out simultaneously, to keep the bridge safe against strong winds or earthquakes forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are structural maintenance issues, too. Due to the passage of time and ongoing temperature variability, the cables and suspenders elongate or contract and need periodical checking and retensioning. This type of adjustment is referred to as “tuning” and is similar to how a musician keeps a stringed instrument sounding its best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11514487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11514487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-160x128.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-240x192.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-375x299.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-520x415.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It was on November 18, 1936, that the two sections of the main span were joined in the middle. From the holdings of the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District, used with Permission, www.goldengate.org.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>What Would Change if We Built It Today?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Due to huge \u003ca href=\"https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2010/03/31/maintenance-costs/\">upkeep costs\u003c/a>, some people have suggested reconstructing the Golden Gate Bridge in a way that would limit ongoing maintenance and operation bills. Setting aside the political feasibility, how would engineers design the bridge if they were going to build it from scratch today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, researchers have developed lighter materials. Using Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) rather than steel or concrete is a way to reduce the weight of a structure of this magnitude. This self-weight is typically responsible for using up 70 to 80 percent of its resistance – that’s the maximum load it can bear before it fails. By reducing it, the bridge’s structure would need less strength, allowing for cheaper and easier options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably a designer’s first target for change in a substitute Golden Gate Bridge would be the composition of the cables. The steel currently in use is corrosive, heavier by four times than newer materials and can fail in harsh moisture and temperature environments – just like those it encounters in this location. Carbon cables are more inert and already in use around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These lighter-than-steel materials could also be utilized in other elements of the bridge, such as the traffic roadway. Using plastic composite decking could bring the Golden Gate Bridge’s deck self-weight down by a factor of five. That would enable engineers to design and construct a cable-stayed bridge rather than a suspension bridge. The advantage there would be the ability to do away with the suspenders; in a cable-stayed bridge forces are transmitted directly from the deck to the towers by the cables. The first highway cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables is Switzerland’s Stork Bridge, opened in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11524701\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-160x90.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-240x135.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-375x211.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-520x293.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cable formers kept the 61 main cable bundles in vertical rows. From the holdings of the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. Used with Permission, www.goldengate.org.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A cable-stayed bridge can have a longer span than a suspension bridge, so its structure between the supports and the shore could be simpler. Also building the towers nearer to the shore, where the waterbed is more shallow, would help alleviate one of the main problems when the Golden Gate Bridge was constructed the first time around: It’s very difficult and expensive to work on the tower foundations in deep water with strong currents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The damping system could also be addressed with a new design. The lead core-based dampers that were used in the construction of the Golden Gate could be replaced by newer technologies that are better able to resist wind, traffic and seismic forces. This improvement would ensure that a failure such as the one on the Tacoma Narrows Bridge -- when wind blew the bridge sideways, it twisted and collapsed -- would be prevented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that said, the Golden Gate Bridge is still doing fine. Even with other feasible and cheaper options, no one is realistically working to replace the Art Deco icon and its world famous “international orange” paint job. The Golden Gate Bridge is closely monitored to make sure it does not exceed its stress limits due to traffic, wind and seismic loads. We can look forward to at least another 80 years of this engineering masterpiece.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/how-would-engineers-build-the-golden-gate-bridge-today-77846\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ever since the Golden Gate Bridge opened to traffic on May 27, 1937, it’s been an iconic symbol on the American landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 1870, people had realized the necessity of building a bridge spanning the Golden Gate Strait to connect the city of San Francisco with Marin County. However, it was another half-century before structural engineer Joseph Strauss submitted his bridge proposal. The plans evolved, and the final project was approved as a suspension bridge that ended up taking \u003ca href=\"http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/golden-gate-bridge-is-born\">over four years to build\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the Golden Gate Bridge went up, it was the longest suspended bridge span in the world -- cables hold up the roadway between two towers, with no intermediate supports. And the setting had a number of inherent challenges. It cost about \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/research/ConstructionPrimeContr.php\">$37 million\u003c/a> at the time; building the same structure today would cost about a billion dollars. So how has the design held up over the past 80 years –- and would we do things differently if we were starting from scratch today?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Longest Suspension Bridge in the World\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge, meaning it relies on cables and suspenders under tension along with towers under compression to cross a long distance without any intermediate supports. The roadway deck hangs from vertical suspenders that connect to the two main cables that run between the towers and the anchors on the end. The suspenders transfer vehicular forces and self-weight to the supporting cables that are anchored to towers and onto solid ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first bridges of this type probably connected two cliffs with flexible ropes to cross a valley or a river. Hundreds of years ago, these ropes were made of plant fiber; iron chains came later. The Brooklyn Bridge in New York City, opened in 1883, was the first to use steel cables, which then became standard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The towers likely started as a simple rock on each side of a valley; eventually engineers used massive stone or steel piers. The Golden Gate Bridge, for instance, is supported by one abutment on each end and the two towers, which are placed over foundations embedded in the seafloor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden Gate Bridge’s two supporting cables are about the only thing that has not been changed since the bridge was opened to traffic in 1937. Each main cable is formed by 27,572 steel wires with the approximate thickness of a pencil. Construction crews hung nearly \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/research/factsGGBDesign.php\">80,000 miles of wire cables\u003c/a> from one side of the bridge to the other.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Since people first started pondering a bridge in the bay of San Francisco, there was huge concern about the structure’s ability to withstand the location’s strong winds, turbulent waters and possible earthquake forces.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s nearly impossible to manufacture a long, thick cable in one piece with no flaws to do this job. And crucially, if a single big cable was holding the bridge up and something happened to it, there would be a catastrophic failure. Relying on smaller wires means any failure would be slower, leaving time to divert disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since people first started pondering a bridge in the bay of San Francisco, there was huge concern about the structure’s ability to withstand the location’s strong winds, turbulent waters and possible earthquake forces. San Francisco is located at the intersection of two \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfnps.org/geology\">active tectonic plates\u003c/a> -- obviously no one wanted to see an earthquake bring down the bridge, which currently carries around \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/tolls_traffic/\">112,000 vehicles per day\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To avoid this problem, the builders also located shock absorbers at each end of the bridge to absorb the energy coming from wind or seismic forces. These specially designed vibration dampers are meter-diameter cylinders made of a lead core covered by rubber. Placed at strategic locations, they absorb energy that could otherwise cause the bridge to collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Keeping It in Good Shape\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Conventional wisdom would suggest an infrastructure project is done soon after its inauguration. But keeping the Golden Gate Bridge in tiptop form requires ongoing stringent maintenance. For 80 years, \u003ca href=\"http://goldengatebridge.org/research/caretakers.php\">dedicated maintenance crews\u003c/a> have serviced the bridge, repainting and substituting the corroded or broken components where necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This work must be done to exacting standards. For example, when any of the thousands of bolts that connect all the various pieces of the bridge need replacement, no more than two are taken out simultaneously, to keep the bridge safe against strong winds or earthquakes forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are structural maintenance issues, too. Due to the passage of time and ongoing temperature variability, the cables and suspenders elongate or contract and need periodical checking and retensioning. This type of adjustment is referred to as “tuning” and is similar to how a musician keeps a stringed instrument sounding its best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11514487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11514487\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-160x128.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-240x192.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-375x299.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1937-sailboat-roadway-hanging-best-520x415.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">It was on November 18, 1936, that the two sections of the main span were joined in the middle. From the holdings of the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District, used with Permission, www.goldengate.org.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>What Would Change if We Built It Today?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Due to huge \u003ca href=\"https://www.johndcook.com/blog/2010/03/31/maintenance-costs/\">upkeep costs\u003c/a>, some people have suggested reconstructing the Golden Gate Bridge in a way that would limit ongoing maintenance and operation bills. Setting aside the political feasibility, how would engineers design the bridge if they were going to build it from scratch today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over time, researchers have developed lighter materials. Using Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs) rather than steel or concrete is a way to reduce the weight of a structure of this magnitude. This self-weight is typically responsible for using up 70 to 80 percent of its resistance – that’s the maximum load it can bear before it fails. By reducing it, the bridge’s structure would need less strength, allowing for cheaper and easier options.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Probably a designer’s first target for change in a substitute Golden Gate Bridge would be the composition of the cables. The steel currently in use is corrosive, heavier by four times than newer materials and can fail in harsh moisture and temperature environments – just like those it encounters in this location. Carbon cables are more inert and already in use around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These lighter-than-steel materials could also be utilized in other elements of the bridge, such as the traffic roadway. Using plastic composite decking could bring the Golden Gate Bridge’s deck self-weight down by a factor of five. That would enable engineers to design and construct a cable-stayed bridge rather than a suspension bridge. The advantage there would be the ability to do away with the suspenders; in a cable-stayed bridge forces are transmitted directly from the deck to the towers by the cables. The first highway cable-stayed bridge with CFRP cables is Switzerland’s Stork Bridge, opened in 1996.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11524701\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11524701\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image.jpeg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-160x90.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-240x135.jpeg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-375x211.jpeg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/06/GGB-1936-Workers-feature-image-520x293.jpeg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cable formers kept the 61 main cable bundles in vertical rows. From the holdings of the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. Used with Permission, www.goldengate.org.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A cable-stayed bridge can have a longer span than a suspension bridge, so its structure between the supports and the shore could be simpler. Also building the towers nearer to the shore, where the waterbed is more shallow, would help alleviate one of the main problems when the Golden Gate Bridge was constructed the first time around: It’s very difficult and expensive to work on the tower foundations in deep water with strong currents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The damping system could also be addressed with a new design. The lead core-based dampers that were used in the construction of the Golden Gate could be replaced by newer technologies that are better able to resist wind, traffic and seismic forces. This improvement would ensure that a failure such as the one on the Tacoma Narrows Bridge -- when wind blew the bridge sideways, it twisted and collapsed -- would be prevented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With all that said, the Golden Gate Bridge is still doing fine. Even with other feasible and cheaper options, no one is realistically working to replace the Art Deco icon and its world famous “international orange” paint job. The Golden Gate Bridge is closely monitored to make sure it does not exceed its stress limits due to traffic, wind and seismic loads. We can look forward to at least another 80 years of this engineering masterpiece.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/how-would-engineers-build-the-golden-gate-bridge-today-77846\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco city supervisors unanimously approved a measure Tuesday that bans the sale of flavored nicotine-laced liquid used in electronic cigarettes and flavored tobacco products — with city supervisors saying nicotine masked in cotton candy, banana cream, mint and other flavors entices kids into a lifetime of addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities have passed laws reducing access to flavored vaping liquids and flavored tobacco but San Francisco is the first in the country to approve a sales ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales of vaping liquids that taste like tobacco will still be allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re focusing on flavored products because they are widely considered to be a starter product for future smokers,” said Supervisor Malia Cohen, who sponsored the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Harihar, a spokesman for VMR Products, the largest independent vaporizer brand in the U.S, said he was not authorized to comment on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure requires another vote by the board next week, which is expected to pass. After that it will move on to Mayor Ed Lee, who says he’ll sign it. The law would take effect in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\n“This legislation is about saying enough is enough.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Malia Cohen, San Francisco Board of Supervisors\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Cohen, who represents the historically black Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, said tobacco companies advertise 10 times more in black neighborhoods and market candy and fruit flavored products to young people, the LGBTQ community and other minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For too many years, the tobacco industry has selectively targeted our young adults with products that are deceptively associated with fruits and mint and candy,” said Cohen, whose grandmother smoked menthol cigarettes for years and died of emphysema.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Menthol cools the throat so you don’t feel the smoke and the irritants and it masks the flavors. This legislation is about saying enough is enough,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses that violate the law could have their city tobacco sales permits suspended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small business owners have said they will lose business because people can still buy the flavored “e-liquid” and tobacco products in neighboring cities or online and have them delivered to their San Francisco homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those tobacco products aren’t 100 percent of our revenue, but they are an anchor product,” Miriam Zouzounis, a board member of the Arab American Grocers Association whose father owns a small corner store, told the San Francisco Chronicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added: “Even at 15 percent of our stock, it’s what brings people through the door. We can’t compete with Safeway or Walgreens for food and milk items, let alone the online retailers filling the gap for everything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco ban is the latest restriction on tobacco products approved in California. The state’s cigarette tax increased in April by $2 per pack, more than doubling the previous tax of 87 cents a pack. This ban includes any product with flavoring: e-cigarettes, chewing tobacco and hookahs. Using or possessing the products, though, will still be legal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown approved tougher tobacco regulations as part of a special legislative session on health care. The state’s legal age to buy tobacco was boosted from 18 to 21 and existing regulations governing tobacco were extended to electronic cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a very important step that the city’s taking and I think that it will stimulate similar actions elsewhere in California and around the country,” said Doctor Stanton Glantz, UCSF, about the trend in tobacco product bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law bans sales of flavored cigarettes. But it does not prohibit the sale of menthol cigarettes or flavored tobacco products other than cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco city supervisors unanimously approved a measure Tuesday that bans the sale of flavored nicotine-laced liquid used in electronic cigarettes and flavored tobacco products — with city supervisors saying nicotine masked in cotton candy, banana cream, mint and other flavors entices kids into a lifetime of addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities have passed laws reducing access to flavored vaping liquids and flavored tobacco but San Francisco is the first in the country to approve a sales ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales of vaping liquids that taste like tobacco will still be allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re focusing on flavored products because they are widely considered to be a starter product for future smokers,” said Supervisor Malia Cohen, who sponsored the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chris Harihar, a spokesman for VMR Products, the largest independent vaporizer brand in the U.S, said he was not authorized to comment on Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure requires another vote by the board next week, which is expected to pass. After that it will move on to Mayor Ed Lee, who says he’ll sign it. The law would take effect in April 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\n“This legislation is about saying enough is enough.”\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Malia Cohen, San Francisco Board of Supervisors\u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Cohen, who represents the historically black Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood, said tobacco companies advertise 10 times more in black neighborhoods and market candy and fruit flavored products to young people, the LGBTQ community and other minorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For too many years, the tobacco industry has selectively targeted our young adults with products that are deceptively associated with fruits and mint and candy,” said Cohen, whose grandmother smoked menthol cigarettes for years and died of emphysema.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Menthol cools the throat so you don’t feel the smoke and the irritants and it masks the flavors. This legislation is about saying enough is enough,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Businesses that violate the law could have their city tobacco sales permits suspended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small business owners have said they will lose business because people can still buy the flavored “e-liquid” and tobacco products in neighboring cities or online and have them delivered to their San Francisco homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those tobacco products aren’t 100 percent of our revenue, but they are an anchor product,” Miriam Zouzounis, a board member of the Arab American Grocers Association whose father owns a small corner store, told the San Francisco Chronicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She added: “Even at 15 percent of our stock, it’s what brings people through the door. We can’t compete with Safeway or Walgreens for food and milk items, let alone the online retailers filling the gap for everything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco ban is the latest restriction on tobacco products approved in California. The state’s cigarette tax increased in April by $2 per pack, more than doubling the previous tax of 87 cents a pack. This ban includes any product with flavoring: e-cigarettes, chewing tobacco and hookahs. Using or possessing the products, though, will still be legal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Gov. Jerry Brown approved tougher tobacco regulations as part of a special legislative session on health care. The state’s legal age to buy tobacco was boosted from 18 to 21 and existing regulations governing tobacco were extended to electronic cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a very important step that the city’s taking and I think that it will stimulate similar actions elsewhere in California and around the country,” said Doctor Stanton Glantz, UCSF, about the trend in tobacco product bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law bans sales of flavored cigarettes. But it does not prohibit the sale of menthol cigarettes or flavored tobacco products other than cigarettes.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Will Travis Kalanick's Departure Help Change Bay Area's 'Bro Culture'?",
"title": "Will Travis Kalanick's Departure Help Change Bay Area's 'Bro Culture'?",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the note announcing his \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/21/uber-investors-force-ceo-travis-kalanick-to-quit-post/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resignation as the CEO of Uber\u003c/a>, Travis Kalanick wrote that he was stepping aside, \"so that Uber can go back to building rather than be distracted with another fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one sense, Kalanick was acknowledging concerns over the corporate culture he helped create at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past few years, Uber became the poster child for critics of Silicon Valley when talking about a \"bro culture\" in tech that led to rampant sexual harassment, discrimination and worse. Some of Uber's most vocal critics are \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/06/21/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick-resigned/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">now indicating a cautious optimism\u003c/a> that Kalanick's departure could start a larger cultural change across the tech sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"cSOOrg9oUY2BMMV99hGmyhlt58csorWl\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fortune Executive Editor Adam Lashinsky, who wrote a book on Uber titled \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Wild-Ride-Inside-Ubers-Domination/dp/0735211396\" target=\"_blank\">Wild Ride\u003c/a>\", the move could provide a lesson on corporate culture to other tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Kalanick's spectacular flameout is one for the ages. His stubborn persistence and vision made Uber what it is. Flying in the face of convention was an asset, but ultimately a horrible liability,\" \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2017/06/21/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick-flameout/\" target=\"_blank\">Lashinsky wrote on Wednesday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some analysts see Kalanick's ouster as a bookend to a particular era of Silicon Valley history: In years past, investors would try to bring in seasoned pros to help young visionaries with the business end of things. Think Eric Schmidt at Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this latest boom has bucked that trend and valued keeping founders in place at their own companies -- in spite of visible flaws in their styles of leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Silicon Valley has always recognized that founders are not the individuals to grow the firm,\" Kirk Hanson, with the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/14/another-one-bites-the-dust-uber-board-member-resigns-after-making-sexist-comment/\" target=\"_blank\">told KQED's Queena Kim last week\u003c/a>. \"I expect that Uber will be a classic case study in five years in which we look at how a startup can go wrong if the CEO visionary is not controlled and given adult supervision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Founders are visionaries who see a business model nobody else can, added Hanson, but transforming a startup into a multinational corporation takes different skills. In his column for the New York Times \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/technology/ubers-start-up-lessons.html\" target=\"_blank\">looking at the impact of Kalanick's exit\u003c/a>, Farhad Manjoo wrote that Uber might have benefited from going public earlier:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Staying private created a hothouse that reinforced its worst side, and allowed it to delay building a sustainable culture with a focus on long-term interests. How might Uber have created such a culture? First, by admitting that founders are not infallible, and recognizing that the most successful ones do best when their impulses are hemmed in by trusted lieutenants, mentors and firm boards of directors.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And for Uber itself, the criticisms were so intense that a planned move to downtown Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/23/uber-comes-to-oakland-in-a-big-way/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced two years ago\u003c/a> has been met with pushback and skepticism by many in the community, including the Greenlining Institute, which helped form a \"No Uber Oakland\" coalition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the change in leadership could provide an opportunity for Uber in Oakland, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Investors, the new leadership, must recognize that Uber has an image that is really tarnishing the company right now so the only way to work on image is by being a great neighbor,\" said Orson Aguilar, the president of the Greenlining Institute, and a critic of Uber, Kalanick and its planned office expansion into Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"headline": "Will Travis Kalanick's Departure Help Change Bay Area's 'Bro Culture'?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the note announcing his \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/21/uber-investors-force-ceo-travis-kalanick-to-quit-post/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resignation as the CEO of Uber\u003c/a>, Travis Kalanick wrote that he was stepping aside, \"so that Uber can go back to building rather than be distracted with another fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one sense, Kalanick was acknowledging concerns over the corporate culture he helped create at Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past few years, Uber became the poster child for critics of Silicon Valley when talking about a \"bro culture\" in tech that led to rampant sexual harassment, discrimination and worse. Some of Uber's most vocal critics are \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/06/21/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick-resigned/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">now indicating a cautious optimism\u003c/a> that Kalanick's departure could start a larger cultural change across the tech sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Fortune Executive Editor Adam Lashinsky, who wrote a book on Uber titled \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Wild-Ride-Inside-Ubers-Domination/dp/0735211396\" target=\"_blank\">Wild Ride\u003c/a>\", the move could provide a lesson on corporate culture to other tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Kalanick's spectacular flameout is one for the ages. His stubborn persistence and vision made Uber what it is. Flying in the face of convention was an asset, but ultimately a horrible liability,\" \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2017/06/21/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick-flameout/\" target=\"_blank\">Lashinsky wrote on Wednesday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some analysts see Kalanick's ouster as a bookend to a particular era of Silicon Valley history: In years past, investors would try to bring in seasoned pros to help young visionaries with the business end of things. Think Eric Schmidt at Google.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this latest boom has bucked that trend and valued keeping founders in place at their own companies -- in spite of visible flaws in their styles of leadership.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Silicon Valley has always recognized that founders are not the individuals to grow the firm,\" Kirk Hanson, with the Markkula Center for Applied Ethics at Santa Clara University, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/14/another-one-bites-the-dust-uber-board-member-resigns-after-making-sexist-comment/\" target=\"_blank\">told KQED's Queena Kim last week\u003c/a>. \"I expect that Uber will be a classic case study in five years in which we look at how a startup can go wrong if the CEO visionary is not controlled and given adult supervision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Founders are visionaries who see a business model nobody else can, added Hanson, but transforming a startup into a multinational corporation takes different skills. In his column for the New York Times \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/technology/ubers-start-up-lessons.html\" target=\"_blank\">looking at the impact of Kalanick's exit\u003c/a>, Farhad Manjoo wrote that Uber might have benefited from going public earlier:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Staying private created a hothouse that reinforced its worst side, and allowed it to delay building a sustainable culture with a focus on long-term interests. How might Uber have created such a culture? First, by admitting that founders are not infallible, and recognizing that the most successful ones do best when their impulses are hemmed in by trusted lieutenants, mentors and firm boards of directors.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>And for Uber itself, the criticisms were so intense that a planned move to downtown Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/23/uber-comes-to-oakland-in-a-big-way/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">announced two years ago\u003c/a> has been met with pushback and skepticism by many in the community, including the Greenlining Institute, which helped form a \"No Uber Oakland\" coalition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the change in leadership could provide an opportunity for Uber in Oakland, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Investors, the new leadership, must recognize that Uber has an image that is really tarnishing the company right now so the only way to work on image is by being a great neighbor,\" said Orson Aguilar, the president of the Greenlining Institute, and a critic of Uber, Kalanick and its planned office expansion into Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Colorado and Washington saw vehicle searches by police officers fall dramatically after legalizing marijuana -- a trend that could have implications in California, where voters legalized recreational pot last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers with Stanford University's \u003ca href=\"https://openpolicing.stanford.edu/\">Open Policing Project\u003c/a> found the trend buried in data on 130 million traffic stops by state patrol officers, including millions by the California Highway Patrol. They reviewed data from 31 states, but the steep fall in searches in Colorado and Washington surprised the researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"29GwLsrUba0H07eIflaym4L1DlnQ5h3L\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It really did plummet,\" said Stanford's Sharad Goel of the search rates. \"When you take away a common reason for conducting a search, then there are fewer searches.\" The impacts were felt by all drivers, Goel said, not just those with marijuana in their cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Colorado and Washington, the number of drivers found with contraband fell by 40 percent in the year following legalization. Nothing like that happened in other states, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Searches that resulted in drug-related misdemeanors also cratered after the two states legalized pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Racial Disparities Remain\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But the numbers \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2017/06/20/57482/stanford-study-finds-black-and-latino-drivers-sear/\">reveal stark racial disparities in searches by state patrol officers\u003c/a>, including in California. Across the states the report reviewed, black and Hispanic drivers were about twice as likely to be searched as white drivers. Racial disparities in search rates -- how often law enforcement searched drivers after stopping them -- were found across over the country, from Massachusetts to Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while marijuana legalization slashed the number of searches in Colorado and Washington, it didn't transform the disparities, the researchers say. \"There's still evidence of this racial disparity,\" Goel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings could have implications for California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If officers are conducting searches on suspicion of marijuana, and now you've legalized marijuana, those searches are almost certainly going to drop,\" Goel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the Golden State follows trends in Colorado and Washington, existing racial disparities in police searches may not change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters approved marijuana legalization last year by a wide margin. Recreational pot will go on sale starting January 1, 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Colorado and Washington saw vehicle searches by police officers fall dramatically after legalizing marijuana -- a trend that could have implications in California, where voters legalized recreational pot last November.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers with Stanford University's \u003ca href=\"https://openpolicing.stanford.edu/\">Open Policing Project\u003c/a> found the trend buried in data on 130 million traffic stops by state patrol officers, including millions by the California Highway Patrol. They reviewed data from 31 states, but the steep fall in searches in Colorado and Washington surprised the researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It really did plummet,\" said Stanford's Sharad Goel of the search rates. \"When you take away a common reason for conducting a search, then there are fewer searches.\" The impacts were felt by all drivers, Goel said, not just those with marijuana in their cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Colorado and Washington, the number of drivers found with contraband fell by 40 percent in the year following legalization. Nothing like that happened in other states, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Searches that resulted in drug-related misdemeanors also cratered after the two states legalized pot.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Racial Disparities Remain\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But the numbers \u003ca href=\"http://www.scpr.org/programs/take-two/2017/06/20/57482/stanford-study-finds-black-and-latino-drivers-sear/\">reveal stark racial disparities in searches by state patrol officers\u003c/a>, including in California. Across the states the report reviewed, black and Hispanic drivers were about twice as likely to be searched as white drivers. Racial disparities in search rates -- how often law enforcement searched drivers after stopping them -- were found across over the country, from Massachusetts to Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And while marijuana legalization slashed the number of searches in Colorado and Washington, it didn't transform the disparities, the researchers say. \"There's still evidence of this racial disparity,\" Goel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings could have implications for California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If officers are conducting searches on suspicion of marijuana, and now you've legalized marijuana, those searches are almost certainly going to drop,\" Goel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if the Golden State follows trends in Colorado and Washington, existing racial disparities in police searches may not change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California voters approved marijuana legalization last year by a wide margin. Recreational pot will go on sale starting January 1, 2018.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/21/uber-investors-force-ceo-travis-kalanick-to-quit-post/\">Uber investors have forced embattled CEO Travis Kalanick to resign\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The famously \"disruptive\" tech company faces mounting legal troubles for issues ranging from \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/06/uber-fires-20-employees-after-investigation-of-harassment-and-bias-claims/\">sexual harassment\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/15/judge-orders-uber-not-to-use-technology-taken-from-waymo/\">stealing trade secrets\u003c/a>. Apparently, there is a limit to the amount of disruption investors will tolerate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"disqusTitle": "Court: Oakland Police Investigation Into Sexual Misconduct 'Seriously Deficient'",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Wednesday, 3:25 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal court investigation into the Oakland Police Department's handling of a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/police-sexual-exploitation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">widespread sexual exploitation case\u003c/a> centered in the OPD found the department's criminal and internal investigations were \"wholly inadequate\" and \"defective.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons include flawed investigative practices, a concerted effort from the department's leadership to keep the case quiet and investigators' attitude toward the young woman at the center of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Officers were making judgments about who should be treated as a victim and who should not be and that went all the way up the ladder,\" said John Burris, a civil rights attorney who represents the woman and who is involved in federal court oversight of the Oakland Police Department. \"She wasn't treated as a normal victim of sexual misconduct. In fact, she was ignored.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case began in September of 2015 with the suicide of OPD officer Brendan O'Brien. The officer left a suicide note indicating that several other officers were involved with a young woman who went by the name \"Celeste Guap,\" some while she was under 18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guap has since been identified as Jasmine Abuslin. Oakland recently \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/01/teen-tied-to-sexual-misconduct-case-relieved-by-oakland-settlement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settled a legal claim\u003c/a> brought on her behalf for close to $1 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court-appointed investigator also found that the effort to keep the case secret went all the way to the top of the department, and once it came to light, the Oakland's mayor and city administrator \"did not do enough enough to determine why the Department had not investigated the case more thoroughly before the Court got involved.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case and investigation stayed under wraps until March of 2016, according to the investigator's report, \"when the Monitoring Team learned, almost by accident and not from the Chief, about the investigation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"fOtAODdVesGyKH4ZFxshVR65UNcx27lf\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sexual misconduct case became public last June, with former \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/09/sean-whent-out-as-oakland-police-chief-reports-say/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Police Chief Sean Whent's sudden resignation\u003c/a>. That was followed by a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/17/a-department-in-crisis-yet-another-oakland-police-chief-removed/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">series of replacement chiefs\u003c/a> over the following week, and Mayor Libby Schaaf's ultimate decision to place the department under civilian control of City Manager Sabrina Landreth. That remained the case until Feb. 27, when Chief Anne Kirkpatrick was sworn in as the department's new chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/07/oakland-seeks-to-fire-4-police-officers-discipline-7-in-sexual-exploitation-scandal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moved to fire\u003c/a> four officers and to discipline a total of 12 last September, and Alameda County \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/09/alameda-county-da-charges-7-cops-with-sexually-exploiting-teenager/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">prosecutors announced criminal charges\u003c/a> for seven officers two days later. One of those officers was never formally charged, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The problem is that the investigatory work that led to much of the internal discipline and to all of the criminal prosecutions occurred only after the U.S. District Court intervened,\" the court-appointed investigator's report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If not for the court’s intervention, we have no confidence that correct discipline would have ever been imposed, criminal charges filed, or departmental shortcomings examined.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/lauraklivans/status/877642007648260096\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf agreed with that assessment at a press conference called by her office to respond to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do think this wouldn’t have been handled appropriately had this intervention not occurred,\" Schaaf said, noting \"many changes\" in the Police Department over the past year, including appointing Kirkpatrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf acknowledged the report's findings that city leadership had allowed an independent investigation she initiated to stall at the end of last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those months we were very focused on the Ghost Ship fire recovery, as well as onboarding the new police chief, who is the most important part of addressing the concerns raised in this report,\" Schaaf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OPD investigators' attitude toward Abuslin led to major flaws in the department's probe, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[W]e found that OPD quickly assessed Ms. Abuslin as not credible and failed to pursue investigation of the allegations vigorously in part because of who Ms. Abuslin was and how she responded to being interviewed by OPD,\" the report says, acknowledging that Abuslin was initially a \"challenging witness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But she was a young woman who was alleged to have had repeated sexual contact with law enforcement officers – officers who took advantage of her age and vulnerability. Given the allegation that she had been sexually exploited by OPD officers, OPD owed her at least the same patience, concern, and investigative attention that they afford other victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police Chief Kirkpatrick she understood the report's recommendations, and that the problems it highlights are \"all repairable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Strong leadership, clear procedures, and a commitment on our part to treat all victims with care and attention,\" she said. \"Our past does indeed inform our future. My presence here is all about our future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the report's findings are most critical of former Police Chief Sean Whent, it references failings throughout the Police Department's command, including those in charge of homicide, internal affairs and criminal investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't even know who those people were in those roles and places,\" Kirkpatrick said. \"My entire command staff that I have in place today, from my personal assessment, I have confidence in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the internal affairs division now directly reports to her, and leadership of the criminal investigations division had changed since last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's not a reflection of old leadership,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was hardly a secret that in early 2016, all parties involved were close to ending over a decade of federal oversight of the Police Department. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burris, one of the attorneys who litigated the lawsuit that initiated that oversight through a negotiated settlement agreement said the court investigator's findings are \"explosive,\" \"hurtful\" and \"a major setback to the department.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We thought that we had put together a strong effort where the internal affairs department would be in a position to uncover, investigate and monitor this type of activity. Clearly, it did not,\" he said. \"It will have a long-term impact on the potential ending of the NSA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full report below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3870953-Court-Appointed-Investigators-Report-on-City-of\" notes=\"true\" text=\"true\" search=\"true\" sidebar=\"true\" pdf=\"true\" responsive=\"true\" page=\"1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Laura Klivans of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Federal monitor learned 'almost by accident' about the case that led to the removal of Oakland's police chief and criminal charges for several officers.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Wednesday, 3:25 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal court investigation into the Oakland Police Department's handling of a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/police-sexual-exploitation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">widespread sexual exploitation case\u003c/a> centered in the OPD found the department's criminal and internal investigations were \"wholly inadequate\" and \"defective.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reasons include flawed investigative practices, a concerted effort from the department's leadership to keep the case quiet and investigators' attitude toward the young woman at the center of the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Officers were making judgments about who should be treated as a victim and who should not be and that went all the way up the ladder,\" said John Burris, a civil rights attorney who represents the woman and who is involved in federal court oversight of the Oakland Police Department. \"She wasn't treated as a normal victim of sexual misconduct. In fact, she was ignored.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case began in September of 2015 with the suicide of OPD officer Brendan O'Brien. The officer left a suicide note indicating that several other officers were involved with a young woman who went by the name \"Celeste Guap,\" some while she was under 18.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guap has since been identified as Jasmine Abuslin. Oakland recently \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/06/01/teen-tied-to-sexual-misconduct-case-relieved-by-oakland-settlement/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settled a legal claim\u003c/a> brought on her behalf for close to $1 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court-appointed investigator also found that the effort to keep the case secret went all the way to the top of the department, and once it came to light, the Oakland's mayor and city administrator \"did not do enough enough to determine why the Department had not investigated the case more thoroughly before the Court got involved.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case and investigation stayed under wraps until March of 2016, according to the investigator's report, \"when the Monitoring Team learned, almost by accident and not from the Chief, about the investigation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sexual misconduct case became public last June, with former \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/09/sean-whent-out-as-oakland-police-chief-reports-say/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Police Chief Sean Whent's sudden resignation\u003c/a>. That was followed by a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/06/17/a-department-in-crisis-yet-another-oakland-police-chief-removed/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">series of replacement chiefs\u003c/a> over the following week, and Mayor Libby Schaaf's ultimate decision to place the department under civilian control of City Manager Sabrina Landreth. That remained the case until Feb. 27, when Chief Anne Kirkpatrick was sworn in as the department's new chief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/07/oakland-seeks-to-fire-4-police-officers-discipline-7-in-sexual-exploitation-scandal/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moved to fire\u003c/a> four officers and to discipline a total of 12 last September, and Alameda County \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2016/09/09/alameda-county-da-charges-7-cops-with-sexually-exploiting-teenager/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">prosecutors announced criminal charges\u003c/a> for seven officers two days later. One of those officers was never formally charged, however.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The problem is that the investigatory work that led to much of the internal discipline and to all of the criminal prosecutions occurred only after the U.S. District Court intervened,\" the court-appointed investigator's report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If not for the court’s intervention, we have no confidence that correct discipline would have ever been imposed, criminal charges filed, or departmental shortcomings examined.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf agreed with that assessment at a press conference called by her office to respond to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I do think this wouldn’t have been handled appropriately had this intervention not occurred,\" Schaaf said, noting \"many changes\" in the Police Department over the past year, including appointing Kirkpatrick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf acknowledged the report's findings that city leadership had allowed an independent investigation she initiated to stall at the end of last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those months we were very focused on the Ghost Ship fire recovery, as well as onboarding the new police chief, who is the most important part of addressing the concerns raised in this report,\" Schaaf said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OPD investigators' attitude toward Abuslin led to major flaws in the department's probe, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[W]e found that OPD quickly assessed Ms. Abuslin as not credible and failed to pursue investigation of the allegations vigorously in part because of who Ms. Abuslin was and how she responded to being interviewed by OPD,\" the report says, acknowledging that Abuslin was initially a \"challenging witness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But she was a young woman who was alleged to have had repeated sexual contact with law enforcement officers – officers who took advantage of her age and vulnerability. Given the allegation that she had been sexually exploited by OPD officers, OPD owed her at least the same patience, concern, and investigative attention that they afford other victims.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police Chief Kirkpatrick she understood the report's recommendations, and that the problems it highlights are \"all repairable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Strong leadership, clear procedures, and a commitment on our part to treat all victims with care and attention,\" she said. \"Our past does indeed inform our future. My presence here is all about our future.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the report's findings are most critical of former Police Chief Sean Whent, it references failings throughout the Police Department's command, including those in charge of homicide, internal affairs and criminal investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't even know who those people were in those roles and places,\" Kirkpatrick said. \"My entire command staff that I have in place today, from my personal assessment, I have confidence in.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the internal affairs division now directly reports to her, and leadership of the criminal investigations division had changed since last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's not a reflection of old leadership,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was hardly a secret that in early 2016, all parties involved were close to ending over a decade of federal oversight of the Police Department. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burris, one of the attorneys who litigated the lawsuit that initiated that oversight through a negotiated settlement agreement said the court investigator's findings are \"explosive,\" \"hurtful\" and \"a major setback to the department.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We thought that we had put together a strong effort where the internal affairs department would be in a position to uncover, investigate and monitor this type of activity. Clearly, it did not,\" he said. \"It will have a long-term impact on the potential ending of the NSA.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full report below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Laura Klivans of KQED News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "You Know About This Summer's Spectacular Solar Eclipse, Right?",
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"headTitle": "You Know About This Summer’s Spectacular Solar Eclipse, Right? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Save the date: August 21st. On that Monday, across the United States, millions of people will be granted a rare chance to see a total solar eclipse. The last time a total solar eclipse crossed the contiguous U.S., Jimmy Carter was president (1979). It has been nearly a century since an eclipse swept the country from coast to coast (1918).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not often that celestial events favor our own country in such a way,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.seti.org/users/sshostak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Seth Shostak\u003c/a>, senior astronomer at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seti.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SETI Institute\u003c/a>. “And this gives the opportunity to a lot of people to see something that really shouldn’t be missed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eclipse will first be visible by land at Lincoln Beach, Oregon. At 8:04 a.m. the moon will begin to edge in on the sun, taking a tiny chip out of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1745905\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 375px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1745905 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620-160x285.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620-240x428.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eclipses are possible thanks to a happy coincidence: The Sun is 400 times the diameter of the moon, while also being 400 times farther away from Earth. To us, both the moon and the Sun appear to be the same size allowing the moon to block light from the sun during solar eclipses.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the 70 million million million metric tons of rock that we know as our moon slide across the solar disc, darkness will descend, sweeping in from the west. The temperature will drop. Birds may cease singing, squirrels may give up their foraging. The stars will come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Observers of past eclipses say life seems suspended in animation, as the shadow of the moon sweeps over them. Looking up they see a “hole in the sky” surrounded by flowing flames. Or, “a black sunflower with the most delicate of silver petals,” as Frank Close writes in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bluewillowbookshop.com/book/9780198795490\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eclipse: Journeys to the Dark Side of the Moon\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These ‘petals’ are the sun’s corona. Curiously, this outer atmosphere of the sun is far, far hotter (up to 450 times hotter) than the surface of the sun. But why this is so is still a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stage where the corona is visible to the naked eye is the moment of total eclipse, called “totality.” You will see the total eclipse only if you are inside the 50-mile wide band marked out on the map below, a path that will sweep across the country stretching from just west of Salem, Oregon to Charleston, South Carolina. (Check out the \u003ca href=\"https://eclipsemega.movie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eclipse Megamovie Project\u003c/a>, a joint project of Google and UC Berkeley. Type a location into their \u003ca href=\"https://eclipsemega.movie/simulator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">simulator \u003c/a>to see what the eclipse will look like from there.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zgZnha_S9BQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A word on safety: Don’t look directly at the sun. Ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the first hour of the eclipse, the moon with be sliding over the disc of the sun taking, as Shostak says, “bigger and bigger cookie bites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if it is partially blocked, if you look into the sun it may be the last thing you’ll ever see. You can, however, watch with eclipse glasses, which are equipped with protective film. Or, cut a hole in a piece of paper or cardboard and project the eclipse onto a surface, such as the ground or a wall. Once the moon has completely blocked out the sun (during totality) it is okay to look up. In fact, don’t miss looking up! You can even take a peek through your binoculars or telescope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.kqed.org/.stream/mp3splice/radio/science/2017/06/Eclipse_170619.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shostak recommends Oregon as the most practical locale for Californians to view the eclipse, if they’re willing to travel. “You might think ‘Gosh! That’s a long trip for two minutes of celestial fireworks,'” says Shostak. “But I can assure you, seeing the moon get in front of the sun is something you will always remember.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more KQED eclipse coverage:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/07/26/americans-prepare-for-first-total-solar-eclipse-in-century/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Americans Prepare for First Coast-to-Coast Total Solar Eclipse in Century\u003c/a> (\u003cem>KQED Forum\u003c/em>)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/07/24/dont-be-in-the-dark-answers-to-your-burning-questions-about-the-august-eclipse/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Don’t Be in the Dark: Answers To Your Burning Questions About the August Eclipse\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/08/11/help-make-history-eclipse-projects-for-citizen-scientists/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Help Make History: Eclipse Projects for Citizen Scientists\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Save the date: August 21st. On that Monday, across the United States, millions of people will be granted a rare chance to see a total solar eclipse. The last time a total solar eclipse crossed the contiguous U.S., Jimmy Carter was president (1979). It has been nearly a century since an eclipse swept the country from coast to coast (1918).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not often that celestial events favor our own country in such a way,” says \u003ca href=\"http://www.seti.org/users/sshostak\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Seth Shostak\u003c/a>, senior astronomer at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seti.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SETI Institute\u003c/a>. “And this gives the opportunity to a lot of people to see something that really shouldn’t be missed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The eclipse will first be visible by land at Lincoln Beach, Oregon. At 8:04 a.m. the moon will begin to edge in on the sun, taking a tiny chip out of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1745905\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 375px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1745905 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"375\" height=\"668\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620-160x285.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/Eclipse_V04B_170620-240x428.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 375px) 100vw, 375px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eclipses are possible thanks to a happy coincidence: The Sun is 400 times the diameter of the moon, while also being 400 times farther away from Earth. To us, both the moon and the Sun appear to be the same size allowing the moon to block light from the sun during solar eclipses.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As the 70 million million million metric tons of rock that we know as our moon slide across the solar disc, darkness will descend, sweeping in from the west. The temperature will drop. Birds may cease singing, squirrels may give up their foraging. The stars will come out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Observers of past eclipses say life seems suspended in animation, as the shadow of the moon sweeps over them. Looking up they see a “hole in the sky” surrounded by flowing flames. Or, “a black sunflower with the most delicate of silver petals,” as Frank Close writes in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bluewillowbookshop.com/book/9780198795490\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eclipse: Journeys to the Dark Side of the Moon\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These ‘petals’ are the sun’s corona. Curiously, this outer atmosphere of the sun is far, far hotter (up to 450 times hotter) than the surface of the sun. But why this is so is still a mystery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stage where the corona is visible to the naked eye is the moment of total eclipse, called “totality.” You will see the total eclipse only if you are inside the 50-mile wide band marked out on the map below, a path that will sweep across the country stretching from just west of Salem, Oregon to Charleston, South Carolina. (Check out the \u003ca href=\"https://eclipsemega.movie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eclipse Megamovie Project\u003c/a>, a joint project of Google and UC Berkeley. Type a location into their \u003ca href=\"https://eclipsemega.movie/simulator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">simulator \u003c/a>to see what the eclipse will look like from there.)\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zgZnha_S9BQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zgZnha_S9BQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>A word on safety: Don’t look directly at the sun. Ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the first hour of the eclipse, the moon with be sliding over the disc of the sun taking, as Shostak says, “bigger and bigger cookie bites.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if it is partially blocked, if you look into the sun it may be the last thing you’ll ever see. You can, however, watch with eclipse glasses, which are equipped with protective film. Or, cut a hole in a piece of paper or cardboard and project the eclipse onto a surface, such as the ground or a wall. Once the moon has completely blocked out the sun (during totality) it is okay to look up. In fact, don’t miss looking up! You can even take a peek through your binoculars or telescope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.kqed.org/.stream/mp3splice/radio/science/2017/06/Eclipse_170619.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shostak recommends Oregon as the most practical locale for Californians to view the eclipse, if they’re willing to travel. “You might think ‘Gosh! That’s a long trip for two minutes of celestial fireworks,'” says Shostak. “But I can assure you, seeing the moon get in front of the sun is something you will always remember.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read more KQED eclipse coverage:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/07/26/americans-prepare-for-first-total-solar-eclipse-in-century/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Americans Prepare for First Coast-to-Coast Total Solar Eclipse in Century\u003c/a> (\u003cem>KQED Forum\u003c/em>)\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/07/24/dont-be-in-the-dark-answers-to-your-burning-questions-about-the-august-eclipse/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Don’t Be in the Dark: Answers To Your Burning Questions About the August Eclipse\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/08/11/help-make-history-eclipse-projects-for-citizen-scientists/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Help Make History: Eclipse Projects for Citizen Scientists\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-real-alien-invasion-is-coming-to-a-palm-tree-near-you",
"title": "A Real Alien Invasion Is Coming to a Palm Tree Near You",
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"headTitle": "A Real Alien Invasion Is Coming to a Palm Tree Near You | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dl_subscribe]Summer means vacation time, and nothing says, “Welcome to paradise!” quite like a palm tree. From Waikiki to Mar-a-Lago, the trees’ iconic fronds instantly signal luxury, glamor and the good life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it’s home to only one native species, California has nonetheless adopted the palm as one of its quintessential icons. Just turn on “La La Land” and start counting how many you see on screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Canary Island date palm is one of the more iconic features of the California landscape. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a new snake in California’s palm tree-lined garden may soon put all that myth-making to the test. Dozens of palms in San Diego’s Sweetwater Summit Regional Park, about 10 miles from the U.S.- Mexico border, are looking more like sad, upside-down umbrellas than the usual bursts of botanical joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just look like brown starfish,” said Mark Hoddle, a biologist at the University of California, Riverside’s Center for Invasive Species Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The offender is the South American palm weevil, a recent arrival to the U.S. that’s long been widespread in the tropics. Large, black, shiny and possessed of an impressive proboscis (nose), the weevil prefers the king of palms, the Canary Island date palm, also known as the “pineapple palm” for the distinctive way it’s often pruned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680207\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680207\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil has recently appeared in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A palm tree is basically a gigantic cake-pop, an enormous ball of veggie goodness on a stick. The adult female palm weevil uses her long snout to drill tunnels into that goodness—known to science as the “apical meristem” and to your grocer as the “heart” of palm—where she lays her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her larvae hatch, their food surrounds them. And they start to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They turn the inside of the tree to mush, and the mush ferments, and it stinks,” Hoddle said, adding colorfully, “It smells like baby diarrhea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its leaf-sprouting heart shrivels, the ailing tree takes on the characteristic wilt that Hoddle has observed in the Sweetwater palms. Inside, the weevil larvae grow into pupae, mature inside cocoons and depart on the wing to a fresh host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left half alive, the palm can never regain its splendorous form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680208\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680208\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The red-headed larvae of the South American palm weevil eat the trees from the inside out. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From aerial surveys conducted by drone, Hoddle estimates that more than 50 trees have been hit in Sweetwater Summit Regional Park. Other suspected infestation zones in San Diego, including the extensive Otay Valley Regional Park seven miles south, and the county’s innumerable streets, parks and golf courses, remain unsurveyed. The total number may be closer to 150.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South American palm weevils are vulnerable to pesticides, but once the eggs and larvae are inside the tree, they’re just about impossible to find. Pesticides work better as a preventative measure sprayed on neighboring trees to keep the adults away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark and his research partner (and spouse) Christina Hoddle have seen it happen before. In 2010, an arborist removing an unsightly palm in Laguna Beach, California, discovered beetles and larvae in the tree litter. The adults were distinctive, even beautiful, for their red markings. Three months later, a beetle was found on another sickly tree less than a tenth of a mile away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beetles in Laguna turned out to be the red palm weevil, a separate species related to the current San Diego invader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the world’s most devastating pest to palm trees,” said Hoddle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680209\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680209\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Footage taken by drone shows numerous weevil-infested trees in one San Diego park. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How that weevil got to Laguna remains a mystery. The nearest population is in Bali, an impossible distance for a weevil to travel on its own. So it had help getting here—possibly onboard an imported palm, though the FDA has had a ban on such imports in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hoddles suspect that Laguna’s red palm weevil may have been brought in deliberately by other means—such as in a suitcase, possibly as a food source. Around the world, the yellow-bodied, red-headed larvae of many weevil species are a culinary delicacy harvested from afflicted wild palms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna was lucky. As an isolated outbreak, the infestation was containable. The city’s $1 million eradication program included two tree removals, and preemptive chemical spraying on thirteen more. The plan took three years to be declared a success, when no new weevils turned up in that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also lucky in the Laguna infestation was California’s $34 million date industry, centered in Indio, not to mention the much larger ornamental trade, valued at $70 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this new weevil threat in San Diego however, that luck may be running out. Rather than an isolated appearance, this outbreak marks the leading edge of a probably irreversible expansion by the weevil. The Hoddles believe that it’s hopscotching north, from tree to transplanted tree, on its own wings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human activity has basically provided corridors of food though habitat that would have acted as a natural barrier,” Mark Hoddle said. “And that’s allowed it to creep its way all the way up to San Diego from its native range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil pupa gestates in a cocoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the South American palm weevil consolidates its foothold in California, then the worst might still be to come. While these weevils generally stick to the Canary Island palms, they can harbor a parasitic worm that causes red ring disease—a fatal infection that can strike almost any palm, including the state’s precious native, the California fan, as well as more commercially valuable trees. So far, no red ring disease has shown up in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just across the border, Tijuana is already in the shadow of the South American palm weevil’s spread. Last year Mark Hoddle took an informal survey of Tijuana’s streets by car and found a chilling view of the future. In eight hours he counted 140 dead trees, some with only a scant few grey fronds, others so long dead and dry that they’d caught fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, no eradication efforts are underway in San Diego, though the Hoddles continue to monitor the situation while conducting research on how far and fast the weevils spread. Their preliminary data suggests that the adult weevils can fly between two and 15 miles a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, from the current infestation sites, most of San Diego is an easy leap for them. “It may only occur when they have killed everything locally and need to disperse to new pastures,” Hoddle said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "A Real Alien Invasion Is Coming to a Palm Tree Near You | KQED",
"description": "The South American palm weevil has made it to California, which could mean the end of a cherished icon.",
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"headline": "A Real Alien Invasion Is Coming to a Palm Tree Near You",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Summer means vacation time, and nothing says, “Welcome to paradise!” quite like a palm tree. From Waikiki to Mar-a-Lago, the trees’ iconic fronds instantly signal luxury, glamor and the good life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though it’s home to only one native species, California has nonetheless adopted the palm as one of its quintessential icons. Just turn on “La La Land” and start counting how many you see on screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680204\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680204\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-canary-top-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Canary Island date palm is one of the more iconic features of the California landscape. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But a new snake in California’s palm tree-lined garden may soon put all that myth-making to the test. Dozens of palms in San Diego’s Sweetwater Summit Regional Park, about 10 miles from the U.S.- Mexico border, are looking more like sad, upside-down umbrellas than the usual bursts of botanical joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just look like brown starfish,” said Mark Hoddle, a biologist at the University of California, Riverside’s Center for Invasive Species Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The offender is the South American palm weevil, a recent arrival to the U.S. that’s long been widespread in the tropics. Large, black, shiny and possessed of an impressive proboscis (nose), the weevil prefers the king of palms, the Canary Island date palm, also known as the “pineapple palm” for the distinctive way it’s often pruned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680207\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680207\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-weevil-snout-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil has recently appeared in San Diego. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A palm tree is basically a gigantic cake-pop, an enormous ball of veggie goodness on a stick. The adult female palm weevil uses her long snout to drill tunnels into that goodness—known to science as the “apical meristem” and to your grocer as the “heart” of palm—where she lays her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her larvae hatch, their food surrounds them. And they start to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They turn the inside of the tree to mush, and the mush ferments, and it stinks,” Hoddle said, adding colorfully, “It smells like baby diarrhea.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As its leaf-sprouting heart shrivels, the ailing tree takes on the characteristic wilt that Hoddle has observed in the Sweetwater palms. Inside, the weevil larvae grow into pupae, mature inside cocoons and depart on the wing to a fresh host.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Left half alive, the palm can never regain its splendorous form.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680208\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680208\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-larva-fingertips-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The red-headed larvae of the South American palm weevil eat the trees from the inside out. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From aerial surveys conducted by drone, Hoddle estimates that more than 50 trees have been hit in Sweetwater Summit Regional Park. Other suspected infestation zones in San Diego, including the extensive Otay Valley Regional Park seven miles south, and the county’s innumerable streets, parks and golf courses, remain unsurveyed. The total number may be closer to 150.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South American palm weevils are vulnerable to pesticides, but once the eggs and larvae are inside the tree, they’re just about impossible to find. Pesticides work better as a preventative measure sprayed on neighboring trees to keep the adults away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark and his research partner (and spouse) Christina Hoddle have seen it happen before. In 2010, an arborist removing an unsightly palm in Laguna Beach, California, discovered beetles and larvae in the tree litter. The adults were distinctive, even beautiful, for their red markings. Three months later, a beetle was found on another sickly tree less than a tenth of a mile away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beetles in Laguna turned out to be the red palm weevil, a separate species related to the current San Diego invader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the world’s most devastating pest to palm trees,” said Hoddle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680209\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680209\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-drone-dead-palms-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Footage taken by drone shows numerous weevil-infested trees in one San Diego park. \u003ccite>(Mark Hoddle/UC Riverside)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>How that weevil got to Laguna remains a mystery. The nearest population is in Bali, an impossible distance for a weevil to travel on its own. So it had help getting here—possibly onboard an imported palm, though the FDA has had a ban on such imports in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hoddles suspect that Laguna’s red palm weevil may have been brought in deliberately by other means—such as in a suitcase, possibly as a food source. Around the world, the yellow-bodied, red-headed larvae of many weevil species are a culinary delicacy harvested from afflicted wild palms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Laguna was lucky. As an isolated outbreak, the infestation was containable. The city’s $1 million eradication program included two tree removals, and preemptive chemical spraying on thirteen more. The plan took three years to be declared a success, when no new weevils turned up in that time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also lucky in the Laguna infestation was California’s $34 million date industry, centered in Indio, not to mention the much larger ornamental trade, valued at $70 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With this new weevil threat in San Diego however, that luck may be running out. Rather than an isolated appearance, this outbreak marks the leading edge of a probably irreversible expansion by the weevil. The Hoddles believe that it’s hopscotching north, from tree to transplanted tree, on its own wings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Human activity has basically provided corridors of food though habitat that would have acted as a natural barrier,” Mark Hoddle said. “And that’s allowed it to creep its way all the way up to San Diego from its native range.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1680210\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1680210\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-960x540.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-240x135.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-375x211.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2017/06/DL412-pupa-xcu-CC-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The South American palm weevil pupa gestates in a cocoon. \u003ccite>(Josh Cassidy/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If the South American palm weevil consolidates its foothold in California, then the worst might still be to come. While these weevils generally stick to the Canary Island palms, they can harbor a parasitic worm that causes red ring disease—a fatal infection that can strike almost any palm, including the state’s precious native, the California fan, as well as more commercially valuable trees. So far, no red ring disease has shown up in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just across the border, Tijuana is already in the shadow of the South American palm weevil’s spread. Last year Mark Hoddle took an informal survey of Tijuana’s streets by car and found a chilling view of the future. In eight hours he counted 140 dead trees, some with only a scant few grey fronds, others so long dead and dry that they’d caught fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, no eradication efforts are underway in San Diego, though the Hoddles continue to monitor the situation while conducting research on how far and fast the weevils spread. Their preliminary data suggests that the adult weevils can fly between two and 15 miles a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, from the current infestation sites, most of San Diego is an easy leap for them. “It may only occur when they have killed everything locally and need to disperse to new pastures,” Hoddle said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Uber Investors Force CEO Travis Kalanick to Quit Post",
"title": "Uber Investors Force CEO Travis Kalanick to Quit Post",
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"content": "\u003cp>Travis Kalanick, the combative and troubled CEO of San Francisco-based ride-service company Uber, resigned Tuesday under pressure from investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/technology/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">According to The New York Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nMr. Kalanick’s exit came under pressure after hours of drama involving Uber’s investors, according to two people with knowledge of the situation, who asked to remain anonymous because the details were confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier on Tuesday, five of Uber’s major investors demanded that the chief executive resign immediately. The investors included one of Uber’s biggest shareholders, the venture capital firm Benchmark, which has one of its partners, Bill Gurley, on Uber’s board. The investors made their demand for Mr. Kalanick to step down in a letter delivered to the chief executive while he was in Chicago, said the people with knowledge of the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter, titled “Moving Uber Forward” and obtained by The New York Times, the investors wrote to Mr. Kalanick that he must immediately leave and that the company needed a change in leadership. Mr. Kalanick, 40, consulted with at least one Uber board member, and after long discussions with some of the investors, he agreed to step down. He will remain on Uber’s board of directors.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Times reported that in his own statement, Kalanick said: \"I love Uber more than anything in the world and at this difficult moment in my personal life I have accepted the investors request to step aside so that Uber can go back to building rather than be distracted with another fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"Lw7lvxFLS5Een9Kk1zkSdxmD8KWZp2XC\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board's move came less than a week after Kalanick had announced he would take an indefinite leave of absence amid professional and personal crises. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Uber cofounder's mother was killed last month in a boating accident on Pine Flat Lake, east of Fresno. Kalanick said his leave was intended in part to give him time to grieve. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, his leadership of the company had come under intensifying fire in the wake of charges that Uber management tolerated sexual harassment of and discrimination against the few women in its ranks. The allegations led the company to hire the law firm of former Attorney General Eric Holder to investigate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That inquiry led to the firing of 20 employees and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/12/technology/uber-travis-kalanick-emil-michael.html\" target=\"_blank\">the forced departure \u003c/a>of one of Kalanick's closest lieutentants, Emil Michael. He was the company's senior vice president for business and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/18/uber-ceo-tries-to-outrace-avalanche-of-criticism-after-execs-remarks-about-reporters/\" target=\"_blank\">was notorious\u003c/a> for once suggesting Uber could spy on and discredit journalists critical of the company. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"CkzJyu2ox3SPWHB6SDcDcIzXCAz0EKXQ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalanick's resignation came after a series of costly missteps by the fast-growing company that he helped found eight years ago. Uber on Monday embarked on a 180-day program to change its image by allowing riders to give drivers tips through the Uber app, something the company had resisted under Kalanick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While building the world's biggest ride-hailing service, Uber developed a reputation for ruthless tactics that have occasionally outraged government regulators, drivers, riders and its employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's hard-charging style has led to legal trouble. The U.S. Justice Department is investigating Uber's past usage of phony software designed to thwart regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber also is fighting allegations that it relies on a key piece of technology stolen from Google spin-off Waymo to build self-driving cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Travis Kalanick, the combative and troubled CEO of San Francisco-based ride-service company Uber, resigned Tuesday under pressure from investors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/21/technology/uber-ceo-travis-kalanick.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\">According to The New York Times\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\nMr. Kalanick’s exit came under pressure after hours of drama involving Uber’s investors, according to two people with knowledge of the situation, who asked to remain anonymous because the details were confidential.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier on Tuesday, five of Uber’s major investors demanded that the chief executive resign immediately. The investors included one of Uber’s biggest shareholders, the venture capital firm Benchmark, which has one of its partners, Bill Gurley, on Uber’s board. The investors made their demand for Mr. Kalanick to step down in a letter delivered to the chief executive while he was in Chicago, said the people with knowledge of the situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the letter, titled “Moving Uber Forward” and obtained by The New York Times, the investors wrote to Mr. Kalanick that he must immediately leave and that the company needed a change in leadership. Mr. Kalanick, 40, consulted with at least one Uber board member, and after long discussions with some of the investors, he agreed to step down. He will remain on Uber’s board of directors.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The Times reported that in his own statement, Kalanick said: \"I love Uber more than anything in the world and at this difficult moment in my personal life I have accepted the investors request to step aside so that Uber can go back to building rather than be distracted with another fight.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The board's move came less than a week after Kalanick had announced he would take an indefinite leave of absence amid professional and personal crises. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Uber cofounder's mother was killed last month in a boating accident on Pine Flat Lake, east of Fresno. Kalanick said his leave was intended in part to give him time to grieve. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meantime, his leadership of the company had come under intensifying fire in the wake of charges that Uber management tolerated sexual harassment of and discrimination against the few women in its ranks. The allegations led the company to hire the law firm of former Attorney General Eric Holder to investigate. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That inquiry led to the firing of 20 employees and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/12/technology/uber-travis-kalanick-emil-michael.html\" target=\"_blank\">the forced departure \u003c/a>of one of Kalanick's closest lieutentants, Emil Michael. He was the company's senior vice president for business and \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2014/11/18/uber-ceo-tries-to-outrace-avalanche-of-criticism-after-execs-remarks-about-reporters/\" target=\"_blank\">was notorious\u003c/a> for once suggesting Uber could spy on and discredit journalists critical of the company. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kalanick's resignation came after a series of costly missteps by the fast-growing company that he helped found eight years ago. Uber on Monday embarked on a 180-day program to change its image by allowing riders to give drivers tips through the Uber app, something the company had resisted under Kalanick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While building the world's biggest ride-hailing service, Uber developed a reputation for ruthless tactics that have occasionally outraged government regulators, drivers, riders and its employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company's hard-charging style has led to legal trouble. The U.S. Justice Department is investigating Uber's past usage of phony software designed to thwart regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber also is fighting allegations that it relies on a key piece of technology stolen from Google spin-off Waymo to build self-driving cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Legal Weed: It Really is Coming Soon to a Store Near You",
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"content": "\u003cp>Seven months after Californians voted to legalize and tax recreational marijuana, state leaders are moving full speed ahead with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/growing-or-selling-pot-california-has-some-new-rules-for-you/\" target=\"_blank\">system to oversee the cultivation, distribution and sales of cannabis\u003c/a> -- rules that have to be in place, under law, by January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many key details of how California will make that happen were included in a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB94\" target=\"_blank\">bill\u003c/a> that was part of last week's state budget deal and is now on Governor Jerry Brown's desk. They range from the mundane, such as changing all references in state law from \"marijuana\" to \"cannabis\"; to serious issues, such as giving the California Highway Patrol $3 million to train drug recognition experts; to the more light hearted, such as setting up a legal appellation -- or origin -- labeling process for weed, like wine currently has.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In total, the bill establishes a single set of laws overseeing cannabis in California, reconciling previous laws governing medical marijuana with Proposition 64, the 2016 ballot measure that legalized recreational marijuana use and sales for people over the age of 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are preparing to take one of the largest agricultural crops, a $7 billion industry, out of the dark and into the light,\" said state Sen. \u003ca href=\"http://sd02.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Mike McGuire\u003c/a>, D-Healdsburg. He represents the epicenter of cannabis production, the Emerald Triangle -- including Humboldt, Mendocino and Trinity counties -- and has been one of the key players in hashing out details of cannabis laws in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"z9oeh0USFXA3O3RwyQrXfS55lehl84l5\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are building this airplane while we are flying it, coming out of the era of prohibition,\" McGuire said. \"It's no easy feat, and the state of California and every agency involved is in full-court-press mode to get the rules and regulations implemented.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill includes details on how businesses can operate once commercial cultivation and sales are legal next year. (Under Prop. 64, marijuana was legal for adults to grow and use immediately, but commercial enterprises were not allowed to start until next year.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sets out agricultural rules, tax collection and remittance procedure and testing and packaging requirements for commercial marijuana. It also sets rules and guidance for state agencies involved in regulating marijuana. It would prohibit open containers of cannabis in cars, let medical and recreational marijuana be sold at the same shop, and allow for delivery sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could also result in some cannabis businesses being unionized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGuire said the bill additionally offers protections that are important to his district: It sets out environmental rules aimed at protecting California watersheds and forests from negative impacts of pot farming, and it gives small growers a path forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was very concerned that small family farmers, particularly in Northern California, were going to be pushed out of the market by what many call the Walmarts of weed,\" he said. \"I believe that this budget bill went a long way to ensure that small cannabis farmers will thrive in the Golden State for years to come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"1rVVFiXb97iad0aajiqLCIVtEHBPRsPn\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would allow small farmers to team up and join cooperatives, which could make their businesses more viable. It would also make it easier for those niche growers to set themselves apart by requiring truth-in-labeling so growers cannot lie about where their weed was grown and by creating a process for an organic designation and cannabis appellations -- like the wine industry has -- that will be overseen by the California Department of Food and Agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGuire says California benefitted from lessons learned in other states that adopted legalization first, including not spending money the state has yet to collect. In a decade, he said, the state expects to net about $1 billion a year in cannabis-related taxes. But next year, legislators are not counting on a single penny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In part, said McGuire, that's because it's still unclear when the state will be ready to physically collect taxes from cannabis businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state has yet to purchase tax collection software,\" he said. \"I anticipate the tax collection system will not be fully functional until mid 2018 or fall 2018. ... We need patience and I think California has to be clear about what deadlines we are going to hit and what deadlines we are going to miss.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But under Prop. 64, the state has to start issuing permits to grow and sell cannabis on Jan. 2 -- even if it can't tax those sales yet.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Seven months after Californians voted to legalize and tax recreational marijuana, state leaders are moving full speed ahead with a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/05/05/growing-or-selling-pot-california-has-some-new-rules-for-you/\" target=\"_blank\">system to oversee the cultivation, distribution and sales of cannabis\u003c/a> -- rules that have to be in place, under law, by January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many key details of how California will make that happen were included in a \u003ca href=\"http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB94\" target=\"_blank\">bill\u003c/a> that was part of last week's state budget deal and is now on Governor Jerry Brown's desk. They range from the mundane, such as changing all references in state law from \"marijuana\" to \"cannabis\"; to serious issues, such as giving the California Highway Patrol $3 million to train drug recognition experts; to the more light hearted, such as setting up a legal appellation -- or origin -- labeling process for weed, like wine currently has.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In total, the bill establishes a single set of laws overseeing cannabis in California, reconciling previous laws governing medical marijuana with Proposition 64, the 2016 ballot measure that legalized recreational marijuana use and sales for people over the age of 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are preparing to take one of the largest agricultural crops, a $7 billion industry, out of the dark and into the light,\" said state Sen. \u003ca href=\"http://sd02.senate.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\">Mike McGuire\u003c/a>, D-Healdsburg. He represents the epicenter of cannabis production, the Emerald Triangle -- including Humboldt, Mendocino and Trinity counties -- and has been one of the key players in hashing out details of cannabis laws in recent years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are building this airplane while we are flying it, coming out of the era of prohibition,\" McGuire said. \"It's no easy feat, and the state of California and every agency involved is in full-court-press mode to get the rules and regulations implemented.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill includes details on how businesses can operate once commercial cultivation and sales are legal next year. (Under Prop. 64, marijuana was legal for adults to grow and use immediately, but commercial enterprises were not allowed to start until next year.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It sets out agricultural rules, tax collection and remittance procedure and testing and packaging requirements for commercial marijuana. It also sets rules and guidance for state agencies involved in regulating marijuana. It would prohibit open containers of cannabis in cars, let medical and recreational marijuana be sold at the same shop, and allow for delivery sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It could also result in some cannabis businesses being unionized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGuire said the bill additionally offers protections that are important to his district: It sets out environmental rules aimed at protecting California watersheds and forests from negative impacts of pot farming, and it gives small growers a path forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was very concerned that small family farmers, particularly in Northern California, were going to be pushed out of the market by what many call the Walmarts of weed,\" he said. \"I believe that this budget bill went a long way to ensure that small cannabis farmers will thrive in the Golden State for years to come.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would allow small farmers to team up and join cooperatives, which could make their businesses more viable. It would also make it easier for those niche growers to set themselves apart by requiring truth-in-labeling so growers cannot lie about where their weed was grown and by creating a process for an organic designation and cannabis appellations -- like the wine industry has -- that will be overseen by the California Department of Food and Agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGuire says California benefitted from lessons learned in other states that adopted legalization first, including not spending money the state has yet to collect. In a decade, he said, the state expects to net about $1 billion a year in cannabis-related taxes. But next year, legislators are not counting on a single penny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In part, said McGuire, that's because it's still unclear when the state will be ready to physically collect taxes from cannabis businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The state has yet to purchase tax collection software,\" he said. \"I anticipate the tax collection system will not be fully functional until mid 2018 or fall 2018. ... We need patience and I think California has to be clear about what deadlines we are going to hit and what deadlines we are going to miss.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But under Prop. 64, the state has to start issuing permits to grow and sell cannabis on Jan. 2 -- even if it can't tax those sales yet.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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