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"content": "\u003cp>Carl Ditlefsen vacuums out his car as the sun sets on the Green Cab taxi lot. He’s the only cab driver here. Next to the lot is a cluttered two-person office and a tarp lean-to. It covers a portable toilet with a sign that reads “Taxi Driver Parking Only.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen just finished a slow 11-hour shift, and he’s had only one good ride all day. His pay will be less than minimum wage, and these days, that’s normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.’ \u003ccite>Carl Ditlefsen, Cab driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I used to work four or five days a week, and you were able to survive,” Ditlefsen said. “You weren’t on easy street by any means, but you were able to survive. If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen is wearing a blue hoodie that’s worn and pilled. One of his black sneakers has partially separated from the sole. I asked him if he thought he’d retire anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, I don’t think there’s retirement in sight,” Ditlefsen said. “You drive until you die. Whether you like it or not, a lot of us don’t have retirements to fall onto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/03/HarnettUberLyft.mp3\" title=\"The Human Cost of Uber and Lyft: Life in the Dying Taxi Industry\" program=\"The California Report\" image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519254145353.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taxi drivers like Ditlefsen are being sent to the brink by Uber and Lyft. Over the years, the companies have pushed down the cost of a ride and the earnings for drivers. Cab drivers have tried to fight back, protesting and forming unions. But Uber and Lyft’s footprints continue to expand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Doug Schifter, a for-hire black-car driver in New York City, went to the steps of City Hall and shot himself to protest the industry’s decimation. Before taking his life, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/10/584757778/taxi-drivers-face-financial-crisis\">Schifter posted on Facebook\u003c/a> about the financial pressure put on drivers like him by services like Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The taxi companies themselves are imploding. In San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfexaminer.com/sf-yellow-cab-sold-competitor-810000/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yellow Cab went bankrupt in 2016\u003c/a>. Yellow Cab had around 500 medallions, which the city sold for $250,000 apiece. The company ended up selling for around $810,000, a little more than the sticker price for just three medallions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellow Cab, Luxor and Citywide have all been consolidated into one company. Green Cab, Ditlefsen’s company used to have 19 members. Now it’s down to six. And they don’t even drive full time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Gruberg is a taxi driver and co-founder of Green Cab, which is driver-owned. Gruberg said many younger drivers have left the industry and those who remain are mostly career drivers. Many of them are stuck with medallions, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/24/for-san-francisco-cab-drivers-once-treasured-medallions-now-a-burden/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">which can be a big financial burden\u003c/a>. The upshot of all this is that there are fewer cabs on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651107\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519088025430-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gruberg shows me the company’s shift schedule. It used to be filled all the time. Now the schedule is shot through with yellow, the color for unfilled shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gruberg says Uber and Lyft have taken away cab drivers’ biggest paydays: Valentine’s Day, Halloween, St Patrick’s Day, even New Year’s Eve. None of these days bring in the business they used to. Gruberg says drivers have lost between a third and half of their income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of every shift, Deborah Sears, the office manager, adds up what drivers earned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s days when some guy will come in and say, I had three fares today,’ ” Sears said. “It’s like going out there and playing Russian roulette.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal, a professor of law at UC Hastings, recently conducted an ethnographic study, comparing cab drivers with those for Uber and Lyft. Dubal says identity plays a huge role in the lives of these drivers. “The sort of dignity that people got from their work when they were full-time professional drivers is just not possible with Uber and Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said ride apps like Uber and Lyft are not only destroying the stable long-term jobs of the taxi industry, but also the sense of community in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of how low the fares are they have to drive and drive and drive and drive for an inordinate amount of time in order to eke out a living,” Dubal said. “So there isn’t an opportunity to build community in the same way that there was in the taxi industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, Lawyer at UC Hastings\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Dubal says the “app drivers” are way more atomized, isolated. There’s no taxi lot, less of a sense of community. They just flip on the app and drive, feeding customer demand for cheap, convenient rides. Dubal said “consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit” in the destruction of the taxi industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Disalvo just arrived at the Green Cab office for his shift. He has a bright, bushy, white mustache and bifocal lenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy,’ ” Disalvo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy.’ ” \u003ccite>Joe Disalvo\u003cbr>\nTaxi driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Disalvo has been driving since 1984. He’s one of the career drivers who is locked into the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 74, and if I was younger I’d just leave,” Disalvo said. “I’d get a second job or go do something else, but my time has passed for that. I have to do what I am doing for as long as I can and make it work somehow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disalvo is also stuck financially. He took out a loan to buy a medallion. For Disalvo and many others, it was the de facto taxi retirement plan. Now Disalvo says a medallion is pretty much a worthless piece of tin and a huge financial burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are drivers who are applying for food stamps and welfare,” Disalvo said, “I haven’t done it, I haven’t had to, but this is the first year I’ve been underwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disalvo finishes the tiny paper cup of water he’s drinking, crunches it and drops it in the trash. He thanks me for letting him vent. That, he said, will at least keep him going for a little while longer.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Carl Ditlefsen vacuums out his car as the sun sets on the Green Cab taxi lot. He’s the only cab driver here. Next to the lot is a cluttered two-person office and a tarp lean-to. It covers a portable toilet with a sign that reads “Taxi Driver Parking Only.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen just finished a slow 11-hour shift, and he’s had only one good ride all day. His pay will be less than minimum wage, and these days, that’s normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.’ \u003ccite>Carl Ditlefsen, Cab driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I used to work four or five days a week, and you were able to survive,” Ditlefsen said. “You weren’t on easy street by any means, but you were able to survive. If you keep me busy that’s all I ask.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ditlefsen is wearing a blue hoodie that’s worn and pilled. One of his black sneakers has partially separated from the sole. I asked him if he thought he’d retire anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oh, I don’t think there’s retirement in sight,” Ditlefsen said. “You drive until you die. Whether you like it or not, a lot of us don’t have retirements to fall onto.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taxi drivers like Ditlefsen are being sent to the brink by Uber and Lyft. Over the years, the companies have pushed down the cost of a ride and the earnings for drivers. Cab drivers have tried to fight back, protesting and forming unions. But Uber and Lyft’s footprints continue to expand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, Doug Schifter, a for-hire black-car driver in New York City, went to the steps of City Hall and shot himself to protest the industry’s decimation. Before taking his life, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/10/584757778/taxi-drivers-face-financial-crisis\">Schifter posted on Facebook\u003c/a> about the financial pressure put on drivers like him by services like Uber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The taxi companies themselves are imploding. In San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfexaminer.com/sf-yellow-cab-sold-competitor-810000/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Yellow Cab went bankrupt in 2016\u003c/a>. Yellow Cab had around 500 medallions, which the city sold for $250,000 apiece. The company ended up selling for around $810,000, a little more than the sticker price for just three medallions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yellow Cab, Luxor and Citywide have all been consolidated into one company. Green Cab, Ditlefsen’s company used to have 19 members. Now it’s down to six. And they don’t even drive full time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Gruberg is a taxi driver and co-founder of Green Cab, which is driver-owned. Gruberg said many younger drivers have left the industry and those who remain are mostly career drivers. Many of them are stuck with medallions, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/09/24/for-san-francisco-cab-drivers-once-treasured-medallions-now-a-burden/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">which can be a big financial burden\u003c/a>. The upshot of all this is that there are fewer cabs on the road.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11651107\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11651107\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/Office-e1519088025430-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The office for Green Cab, which has been downsized from 19 to six members. \u003ccite>(Sam Harnett/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gruberg shows me the company’s shift schedule. It used to be filled all the time. Now the schedule is shot through with yellow, the color for unfilled shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gruberg says Uber and Lyft have taken away cab drivers’ biggest paydays: Valentine’s Day, Halloween, St Patrick’s Day, even New Year’s Eve. None of these days bring in the business they used to. Gruberg says drivers have lost between a third and half of their income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of every shift, Deborah Sears, the office manager, adds up what drivers earned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s days when some guy will come in and say, I had three fares today,’ ” Sears said. “It’s like going out there and playing Russian roulette.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veena Dubal, a professor of law at UC Hastings, recently conducted an ethnographic study, comparing cab drivers with those for Uber and Lyft. Dubal says identity plays a huge role in the lives of these drivers. “The sort of dignity that people got from their work when they were full-time professional drivers is just not possible with Uber and Lyft.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubal said ride apps like Uber and Lyft are not only destroying the stable long-term jobs of the taxi industry, but also the sense of community in the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of how low the fares are they have to drive and drive and drive and drive for an inordinate amount of time in order to eke out a living,” Dubal said. “So there isn’t an opportunity to build community in the same way that there was in the taxi industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘Consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit.’ \u003ccite>Veena Dubal, Lawyer at UC Hastings\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Dubal says the “app drivers” are way more atomized, isolated. There’s no taxi lot, less of a sense of community. They just flip on the app and drive, feeding customer demand for cheap, convenient rides. Dubal said “consumers who use these ride services are absolutely complicit” in the destruction of the taxi industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Disalvo just arrived at the Green Cab office for his shift. He has a bright, bushy, white mustache and bifocal lenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy,’ ” Disalvo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I’ve heard drivers say things like, ‘If I don’t die of old age soon, I’m going to go crazy.’ ” \u003ccite>Joe Disalvo\u003cbr>\nTaxi driver\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Disalvo has been driving since 1984. He’s one of the career drivers who is locked into the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m 74, and if I was younger I’d just leave,” Disalvo said. “I’d get a second job or go do something else, but my time has passed for that. I have to do what I am doing for as long as I can and make it work somehow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Disalvo is also stuck financially. He took out a loan to buy a medallion. For Disalvo and many others, it was the de facto taxi retirement plan. Now Disalvo says a medallion is pretty much a worthless piece of tin and a huge financial burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are drivers who are applying for food stamps and welfare,” Disalvo said, “I haven’t done it, I haven’t had to, but this is the first year I’ve been underwater.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "When the Next Generation Looks Racially Different From the Last, Political Tensions Rise",
"title": "When the Next Generation Looks Racially Different From the Last, Political Tensions Rise",
"headTitle": "The California Dream | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/manuel-pastor-378283\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manuel Pastor\u003c/a> is professor of sociology at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southern-california-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Southern California Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The election of Donald Trump may have surprised some observers, but many Californians felt a sense of déjà vu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over 20 years ago, the state passed Proposition 187. The campaign around this ballot initiative, later deemed unconstitutional, portrayed undocumented immigrants as criminal invaders and sought to ban them from using nonemergency public services, including even primary and secondary education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anti-immigrant sentiment occurred against a backdrop of wrenching economic change. Nearly half of the country’s net job losses in the early 1990s \u003ca href=\"https://stateofresistancebook.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">occurred in California\u003c/a>, with a decline in manufacturing as steep as what would later occur between 2007 and 2010 in auto-heavy (and Trump-sympathetic) Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another eerie parallel to today, profiting from political polarization was the order of the day: Rush Limbaugh arrived on the national stage in the late 1980s after perfecting his style hosting a talk radio show in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This toxic trio of immigration concerns, economic shocks and political blood-letting may be more than enough to demonstrate the parallels between California in the 1990s and the U.S. today. But there’s another important indicator: the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-1229-frey-racial-generation-gap-20151229-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“racial generation gap.”\u003c/a> This is a straightforward measure of the relationship between the share of seniors who are white and the share of youth who are of color. But its interplay with public will and public policy is complex and consequential.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Understanding the gap\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The racial generation gap is technically measured as the difference between the percent of those 65 or older who are white, minus the percent of those aged 17 and younger who are white. The bigger the gap, the more demographically distinct the generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such gaps can emerge for several reasons, including new immigrants having children and an \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/07/07/biggest-share-of-whites-in-u-s-are-boomers-but-for-minority-groups-its-millennials-or-younger/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">overwhelming white boomer generation\u003c/a> living longer lives. But the problem is that when seniors have trouble seeing themselves in children and young adults, \u003ca href=\"https://www.russellsage.org/publications/immigrants-and-boomers-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">social cohesion is at risk, as are investments in the future\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take Arizona, for example. It’s the state with the largest racial generation gap in the U.S., where snowbirds arrive from elsewhere to retire even as young people of color are remaking the state. It’s also known for its fractious politics (and pot-stirring politicians) around immigration and state legislation banning the teaching of \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-mexican-american-studies-20171227-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ethnic studies in schools\u003c/a>. And in a clear sign of retreating from the future, Arizona also made the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/a-punishing-decade-for-school-funding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">largest cuts in K-12 state spending per student between 2008 and 2015.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.policylink.org/resources-tools/bridging-racial-generation-gap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In research published in September\u003c/a>, several colleagues and I looked at factors that predict state expenditures on students, such as median household income, home ownership levels, and the underlying age and race makeup of the population. Even when you take all those other factors into account, the larger the racial generation gap, the less the state spends per student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the racial generation gap was just about the same in California in 1970 as it was in the U.S. in 1990. In effect, the nation lags the Golden State by 20 years (something proud Californians often insist is true in a number of ways!).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The peak of the racial generation gap occurred in California around 1994 to 1998. During this era, Proposition 187 passed, followed by a series of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/ebook.php?isbn=9780520947719\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">racial propositions\u003c/a>” that ended affirmative action, banned bilingual education and stepped up the incarceration of young men of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., according to projections, the gap peaks around 2016. And much like in California in the 1990s, we have seen a racialized “\u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-elections/whitelash-what-is-it-white-vote-president-donald-trump-wins-us-election-2016-a7407116.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whitelash\u003c/a>” which in this case brought the election of Donald Trump, the racist violence in Charlottesville, and the revocation of DACA, the program designed to protect undocumented youth brought to this country at an early age.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>This too shall pass?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When the racial generation gap peaked, the damage to the California Dream was deep – and the state is still trying to work its way back from the wreckage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California fell from among \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailybreeze.com/2013/07/27/california-national-rank-on-per-pupil-spending-abysmal-but-tide-is-poised-to-change/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the top spending states on education\u003c/a> to become one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.edweek.org/media/2016/12/29/school-finance-education-week-quality-counts-2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stingiest\u003c/a>. Our state prison population increased by more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixfold between 1980 and 2006\u003c/a>, twice as fast as in the rest of the country. And we went from being roughly in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/historical-income-states.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">middle of the pack in terms of income inequality back in the glory days of the late 1960s\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/.../acsbr13-02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixth most unequal state in 2012\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the demographics continued to shift in California, the politics eventually moved in the direction of the needs and politics of a younger and more diverse generation. California once wanted to strip immigrants of services. Now, it’s declared itself a “\u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4960233/california-sanctuary-state-donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sanctuary state\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California once launched a nationwide \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/01/after-tax-cuts-derailed-the-california-dream-can-the-state-get-back-on-track/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">grassroots revolt with a tax-slashing Proposition 13\u003c/a> – a measure tinged with a sense of an older and whiter generation drawing up the fiscal drawbridges just as a younger and more diverse generation arrived. Now, a very different grassroots revolt has helped to rebalance the books with progressive tax hikes in 2012 and 2016. And, although public schools are still languishing, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-gov-jerry-brown-s-signature-plan-for-1515466995-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local control funding formula\u003c/a> passed in 2013 is steering dollars to those students and schools that are most in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would California have gone through the same turmoil had the generational gap been narrower? It’s hard to know for sure, but it’s also not prudent to wait around for elders to come to their political senses or for the younger generation to age into power. We need a national game plan that can accelerate what the slower pace of demographic change might push along.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making our future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California still has far to go, of course. Housing is too expensive, income divides are too wide and good-paying jobs are \u003ca href=\"https://fairshakeca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">too scarce\u003c/a>. But the state no longer seems to be tearing at the seams over issues of race and representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my new book, \u003ca href=\"https://stateofresistancebook.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“State of Resistance: What California’s Dizzying Descent and Remarkable Resurgence Mean for America’s Future,”\u003c/a> I suggest that the U.S. can draw lessons from California’s political and social shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Term limits, for example, opened up opportunities for new politicians of color. \u003ca href=\"http://ccep.ucdavis.edu/s/CCEPFS9-FINAL-4-6dmz.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Easier voter registration\u003c/a> helped lower the barriers for new and young voters. The power to “redistrict” – to draw the lines for state and congressional seats – was taken from a state legislature eager to protect incumbents and given to a citizen commission less invested in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, such structural reforms are only effective if there is a citizenry ready to take advantage of them. To make that happen, a new generation of community-based organizers became more adept at linking together communities, mobilizing voters and promoting winnable policy change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This same strategy of combining structural shifts with grassroots organizing and pragmatic policy may help restore the American Dream as well. But to get there, the nation will need to overcome the tension between what journalist \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/interactive/2017/politics/state/2016-election-anniversary/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ron Brownstein\u003c/a> has called the “coalition of restoration” – older Trump voters seeking a way back to what they see as American greatness – and a “coalition of transformation” that consists of younger and more diverse constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing that social distance will be crucial. The California Dream was never just about one person (or one generation) and their route to individual success. It was about the promise of a state that welcomed newcomers, confidently invested in its children and looked forward to its future. That’s a recipe for progress in the Golden State and America alike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/manuel-pastor-378283\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manuel Pastor\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr />\u003cem>University of Southern California, for \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a>\u003c/em>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/manuel-pastor-378283\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manuel Pastor\u003c/a> is professor of sociology at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southern-california-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Southern California Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The election of Donald Trump may have surprised some observers, but many Californians felt a sense of déjà vu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just over 20 years ago, the state passed Proposition 187. The campaign around this ballot initiative, later deemed unconstitutional, portrayed undocumented immigrants as criminal invaders and sought to ban them from using nonemergency public services, including even primary and secondary education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anti-immigrant sentiment occurred against a backdrop of wrenching economic change. Nearly half of the country’s net job losses in the early 1990s \u003ca href=\"https://stateofresistancebook.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">occurred in California\u003c/a>, with a decline in manufacturing as steep as what would later occur between 2007 and 2010 in auto-heavy (and Trump-sympathetic) Michigan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In another eerie parallel to today, profiting from political polarization was the order of the day: Rush Limbaugh arrived on the national stage in the late 1980s after perfecting his style hosting a talk radio show in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This toxic trio of immigration concerns, economic shocks and political blood-letting may be more than enough to demonstrate the parallels between California in the 1990s and the U.S. today. But there’s another important indicator: the \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-1229-frey-racial-generation-gap-20151229-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“racial generation gap.”\u003c/a> This is a straightforward measure of the relationship between the share of seniors who are white and the share of youth who are of color. But its interplay with public will and public policy is complex and consequential.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Understanding the gap\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The racial generation gap is technically measured as the difference between the percent of those 65 or older who are white, minus the percent of those aged 17 and younger who are white. The bigger the gap, the more demographically distinct the generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such gaps can emerge for several reasons, including new immigrants having children and an \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/07/07/biggest-share-of-whites-in-u-s-are-boomers-but-for-minority-groups-its-millennials-or-younger/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">overwhelming white boomer generation\u003c/a> living longer lives. But the problem is that when seniors have trouble seeing themselves in children and young adults, \u003ca href=\"https://www.russellsage.org/publications/immigrants-and-boomers-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">social cohesion is at risk, as are investments in the future\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take Arizona, for example. It’s the state with the largest racial generation gap in the U.S., where snowbirds arrive from elsewhere to retire even as young people of color are remaking the state. It’s also known for its fractious politics (and pot-stirring politicians) around immigration and state legislation banning the teaching of \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-mexican-american-studies-20171227-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ethnic studies in schools\u003c/a>. And in a clear sign of retreating from the future, Arizona also made the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbpp.org/research/state-budget-and-tax/a-punishing-decade-for-school-funding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">largest cuts in K-12 state spending per student between 2008 and 2015.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.policylink.org/resources-tools/bridging-racial-generation-gap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In research published in September\u003c/a>, several colleagues and I looked at factors that predict state expenditures on students, such as median household income, home ownership levels, and the underlying age and race makeup of the population. Even when you take all those other factors into account, the larger the racial generation gap, the less the state spends per student.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the racial generation gap was just about the same in California in 1970 as it was in the U.S. in 1990. In effect, the nation lags the Golden State by 20 years (something proud Californians often insist is true in a number of ways!).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The peak of the racial generation gap occurred in California around 1994 to 1998. During this era, Proposition 187 passed, followed by a series of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.ucpress.edu/ebook.php?isbn=9780520947719\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">racial propositions\u003c/a>” that ended affirmative action, banned bilingual education and stepped up the incarceration of young men of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the U.S., according to projections, the gap peaks around 2016. And much like in California in the 1990s, we have seen a racialized “\u003ca href=\"http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-elections/whitelash-what-is-it-white-vote-president-donald-trump-wins-us-election-2016-a7407116.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">whitelash\u003c/a>” which in this case brought the election of Donald Trump, the racist violence in Charlottesville, and the revocation of DACA, the program designed to protect undocumented youth brought to this country at an early age.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>This too shall pass?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When the racial generation gap peaked, the damage to the California Dream was deep – and the state is still trying to work its way back from the wreckage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California fell from among \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailybreeze.com/2013/07/27/california-national-rank-on-per-pupil-spending-abysmal-but-tide-is-poised-to-change/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the top spending states on education\u003c/a> to become one of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.edweek.org/media/2016/12/29/school-finance-education-week-quality-counts-2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stingiest\u003c/a>. Our state prison population increased by more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.bjs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixfold between 1980 and 2006\u003c/a>, twice as fast as in the rest of the country. And we went from being roughly in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/historical-income-states.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">middle of the pack in terms of income inequality back in the glory days of the late 1960s\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/.../acsbr13-02.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sixth most unequal state in 2012\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the demographics continued to shift in California, the politics eventually moved in the direction of the needs and politics of a younger and more diverse generation. California once wanted to strip immigrants of services. Now, it’s declared itself a “\u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4960233/california-sanctuary-state-donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sanctuary state\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California once launched a nationwide \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/11/01/after-tax-cuts-derailed-the-california-dream-can-the-state-get-back-on-track/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">grassroots revolt with a tax-slashing Proposition 13\u003c/a> – a measure tinged with a sense of an older and whiter generation drawing up the fiscal drawbridges just as a younger and more diverse generation arrived. Now, a very different grassroots revolt has helped to rebalance the books with progressive tax hikes in 2012 and 2016. And, although public schools are still languishing, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/essential/la-pol-ca-essential-politics-updates-gov-jerry-brown-s-signature-plan-for-1515466995-htmlstory.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">local control funding formula\u003c/a> passed in 2013 is steering dollars to those students and schools that are most in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would California have gone through the same turmoil had the generational gap been narrower? It’s hard to know for sure, but it’s also not prudent to wait around for elders to come to their political senses or for the younger generation to age into power. We need a national game plan that can accelerate what the slower pace of demographic change might push along.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Making our future\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California still has far to go, of course. Housing is too expensive, income divides are too wide and good-paying jobs are \u003ca href=\"https://fairshakeca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">too scarce\u003c/a>. But the state no longer seems to be tearing at the seams over issues of race and representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my new book, \u003ca href=\"https://stateofresistancebook.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“State of Resistance: What California’s Dizzying Descent and Remarkable Resurgence Mean for America’s Future,”\u003c/a> I suggest that the U.S. can draw lessons from California’s political and social shifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Term limits, for example, opened up opportunities for new politicians of color. \u003ca href=\"http://ccep.ucdavis.edu/s/CCEPFS9-FINAL-4-6dmz.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Easier voter registration\u003c/a> helped lower the barriers for new and young voters. The power to “redistrict” – to draw the lines for state and congressional seats – was taken from a state legislature eager to protect incumbents and given to a citizen commission less invested in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, such structural reforms are only effective if there is a citizenry ready to take advantage of them. To make that happen, a new generation of community-based organizers became more adept at linking together communities, mobilizing voters and promoting winnable policy change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This same strategy of combining structural shifts with grassroots organizing and pragmatic policy may help restore the American Dream as well. But to get there, the nation will need to overcome the tension between what journalist \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/interactive/2017/politics/state/2016-election-anniversary/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ron Brownstein\u003c/a> has called the “coalition of restoration” – older Trump voters seeking a way back to what they see as American greatness – and a “coalition of transformation” that consists of younger and more diverse constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing that social distance will be crucial. The California Dream was never just about one person (or one generation) and their route to individual success. It was about the promise of a state that welcomed newcomers, confidently invested in its children and looked forward to its future. That’s a recipe for progress in the Golden State and America alike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, March 4:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest figures from the California Student Aid Commission show the number of applications has now reached last year's total. It's the first time the commission hasn't seen an increase year over year since the program started, but outreach efforts did succeed in bringing in a wave of last-minute applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today is the deadline to apply for California's major financial aid programs, and officials have been scrambling for weeks to assure undocumented students it's safe to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented students can’t get federal financial aid, but the \u003ca href=\"https://dream.csac.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Dream Act\u003c/a> opened the door to state financial aid starting in 2012-2013. Since then, application numbers had gone up every year -- until this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Student Aid Commission began to see a chilling effect from harsh immigration rhetoric last year, when the annual increase in applicants they'd come to expect slowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, fears have been amplified as rhetoric gives way to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/03/01/advocates-confirm-23-immigrants-arrested-in-northern-california-operation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">high-profile enforcement action\u003c/a>. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California officials say students' personal information is safe with them, but it’s a tough sell.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In mid-February application numbers were \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/education/la-me-ca-dream-act-20180213-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">down by nearly half\u003c/a> compared to last year, but a\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> major campaign to get the word out has had some impact. That gap has narrowed significantly -- now the numbers are down less than 10 percent and counting. Still, the commission is bracing for a decrease in applicants for the first time since the program began. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every hour I grow more and more concerned,\" said \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Student Aid Commission director Lupita Cortez Alcala. \"\u003c/span>We’ve done everything that we can possibly think to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She said they’ve held press conferences, phone banks and information sessions across the state. They even got a celebrity DJ involved. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[vimeo 255475107 w=8000 h=360]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco City College student Alejandro Villeda did apply for aid, despite some reservations, and he encouraged his classmates to take advantage of this opportunity. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel like the best (way) to make our voices loud is to have an education,\" he told the crowd at a news conference earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But privately he said many of his friends had made a different calculation and chose not to apply, for fear immigration agents would get hold of their personal details. \"They worry somehow that information gets shared and they’re gonna go look for them because they know exactly where they live,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alejandro Jimenez, director of City College of San Francisco's resource center for immigrant students, said he understands those fears, but encouraged students to think about what’s at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Having the California Dream Act is the difference between having to have two or three jobs and taking one class at a time, or moving along in your education,\" he said. \"Please take advantage of this deadline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students can still apply after today’s deadline, but they’re eligible only for limited grants.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, March 4:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The latest figures from the California Student Aid Commission show the number of applications has now reached last year's total. It's the first time the commission hasn't seen an increase year over year since the program started, but outreach efforts did succeed in bringing in a wave of last-minute applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original story:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today is the deadline to apply for California's major financial aid programs, and officials have been scrambling for weeks to assure undocumented students it's safe to do so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Undocumented students can’t get federal financial aid, but the \u003ca href=\"https://dream.csac.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Dream Act\u003c/a> opened the door to state financial aid starting in 2012-2013. Since then, application numbers had gone up every year -- until this one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Student Aid Commission began to see a chilling effect from harsh immigration rhetoric last year, when the annual increase in applicants they'd come to expect slowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, fears have been amplified as rhetoric gives way to \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/03/01/advocates-confirm-23-immigrants-arrested-in-northern-california-operation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">high-profile enforcement action\u003c/a>. \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California officials say students' personal information is safe with them, but it’s a tough sell.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In mid-February application numbers were \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/education/la-me-ca-dream-act-20180213-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">down by nearly half\u003c/a> compared to last year, but a\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> major campaign to get the word out has had some impact. That gap has narrowed significantly -- now the numbers are down less than 10 percent and counting. Still, the commission is bracing for a decrease in applicants for the first time since the program began. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every hour I grow more and more concerned,\" said \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California Student Aid Commission director Lupita Cortez Alcala. \"\u003c/span>We’ve done everything that we can possibly think to do.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She said they’ve held press conferences, phone banks and information sessions across the state. They even got a celebrity DJ involved. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">San Francisco City College student Alejandro Villeda did apply for aid, despite some reservations, and he encouraged his classmates to take advantage of this opportunity. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I feel like the best (way) to make our voices loud is to have an education,\" he told the crowd at a news conference earlier this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But privately he said many of his friends had made a different calculation and chose not to apply, for fear immigration agents would get hold of their personal details. \"They worry somehow that information gets shared and they’re gonna go look for them because they know exactly where they live,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alejandro Jimenez, director of City College of San Francisco's resource center for immigrant students, said he understands those fears, but encouraged students to think about what’s at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Having the California Dream Act is the difference between having to have two or three jobs and taking one class at a time, or moving along in your education,\" he said. \"Please take advantage of this deadline.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students can still apply after today’s deadline, but they’re eligible only for limited grants.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "The History of the Hollywood Sign, From Public Nuisance to Symbol of Stardom",
"title": "The History of the Hollywood Sign, From Public Nuisance to Symbol of Stardom",
"headTitle": "The California Dream | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/leo-braudy-298056\" rel=\"noopener\">Leo Braudy\u003c/a> is Leo S. Bing Chair in English and American Literature at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southern-california-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Southern California Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year at the Oscars, the cameras pan to the famed Hollywood sign and its bold white letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ask someone today what the sign symbolizes, and the same words will likely crop up: \u003cem>Movies. Stardom. Glamour.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as I point in \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=eEnLlfsGfGkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=hollywood+sign+leo+braudy&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjLkpmk7b_ZAhUFR6wKHR0pCq8Q6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q&f=false\" rel=\"noopener\">my book on the Hollywood sign\u003c/a>, the sign didn’t always represent fame and fortune. As the city changed, so did the meaning of the sign, which, at one point, was even considered a public nuisance.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Come to … Hollywoodland?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has long possessed the lure of material and personal fulfillment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What started as a destination for those hoping to strike gold became, in the late 19th century, a mecca for anyone with real or imagined ailments. The state’s temperate climate and natural springs, \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=zm5oBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&lpg=PA43&dq=california+health+destination+19th+century&source=bl&ots=gFkRyLbfW1&sig=5hWBgDNks80_z2mnZvn7ITx1a-o&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW0tesscnZAhUBMqwKHcnRANAQ6AEITzAF#v=onepage&q=california%20health%20destination%2019th%20century&f=false\" rel=\"noopener\">guidebooks claimed\u003c/a>, possessed “restorative powers for weakened dispositions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s gold has since been drained, and the quest for perfect health has spread to rest of the country. But the erection of the famed Hollywood sign in 1923 marked the start of another phase, one still with us today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that decade, a real estate development group, one of whose principal backers was Los Angeles Times publisher Harry Chandler, built a large sign – essentially a billboard – on an unnamed mountain between the Los Angeles basin and the San Fernando Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hollywoodland,” the sign read. Its 40,000 blinking light bulbs advertised a new housing development built to accommodate the city’s surging population, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.laalmanac.com/population/po02.php\" rel=\"noopener\">more than doubled\u003c/a> during the 1920s to become the fifth largest in the country, as the city drew people from all over the country for its weather, open spaces and jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Hollywood \u003ca href=\"https://www.discoverlosangeles.com/blog/historical-timeline-los-angeles\">had been absorbed\u003c/a> into Los Angeles only a decade earlier. At the time, it was a wealthy area that had grudgingly accepted the movie business. Many mansions dotted the hillsides below the sign, and utopian communities like \u003ca href=\"https://la.curbed.com/2014/5/22/10099768/the-creation-of-beachwood-canyons-theosophist-dreamland-1\" rel=\"noopener\">Krotona\u003c/a>, the U.S. headquarters of a mystical organization called the Theosophical Society, had sprung up in the foothills and on the flats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Accordingly, early advertising for Hollywoodland emphasized the development’s exclusivity. It would offer an escape from the smog, dirt and unwelcome neighbors of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Saving the sign\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Because the sign holds such a prominent place in the nation’s cultural imagination today, it may be surprising to learn that it wasn’t until fairly recently that it achieved its iconic status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1930s and 1940s, the sign makes an appearance in only a few of the movies that were about Hollywood or the movie industry. Other Hollywood institutions, like the \u003ca href=\"http://brownderbyhollywood.com/about.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Brown Derby restaurant\u003c/a>, tended to represent the film world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1940s, Los Angeles – as both city and symbol – started to change. A dense smog settled over the metropolis, which would be featured as the grim, shadowy setting of noir films like “\u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0038355/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Big Sleep\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0036775/\" rel=\"noopener\">Double Indemnity\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sign – a little dingier, a little more unslightly – reflected the changing city. Since it was originally intended as an advertisement, few had considered its permanence or long-term significance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hillside where it had been built was dangerously steep; workers had cut the letters from thin sheet metal, which they tacked onto telephone poles. Heavy winds could easily rip the letters away, and by the late 1940s, there had been so much deterioration that the city of Los Angeles proposed to tear it down, calling it a dangerous public nuisance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11652983\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11652983\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Color photo of the Hollywood sign with blue sky above\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Hollywood Sign after a 2005 refurbishment \u003ccite>(Photo by David Livingston/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That dismissive view of the sign began to change in 1949, when the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/hollywood-sign-sold-for-450k/\">told the city that it would take over its ownership and maintenance\u003c/a>. With that exchange, the “land” suffix was dropped. We could say that this is the point that the Hollywood sign we know today was actually born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, improvements and maintenance occurred in fits and starts. By the early 1970s, committees were being formed to “save” the sign in order to restore it beyond shoddy paint jobs and patchwork repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, in 1978 a committee headed by Hugh Hefner and Alice Cooper collected the funds – about $27,000 per letter – to not simply repair, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/09/hugh-hefner-hollywood-sign\" rel=\"noopener\">but rebuild the sign\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the big white letters are a permanent fixture in the Los Angeles landscape, and it’s even withstood the attempts of adventurous vandals to emulate \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/01/01/us/hollywood-hollyweed-sign/index.html\" rel=\"noopener\">the art student\u003c/a> who, in 1976, tweaked the sign to read “\u003ca href=\"http://www.trbimg.com/img-58694e84/turbine/la-lnelson-1483296437-snap-photo\" rel=\"noopener\">Hollyweed\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/78584/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">In their own way, these vandals are trying to carve out their own slice of the Hollywood dream – a quest not for gold or for health, but for recognition and fame, whether by talent, ambition or selfie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Only recently did the iconic sign come to represent the dream of fame.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/leo-braudy-298056\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Manuel Pastor\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr />\u003cem>University of Southern California, for \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com\">The Conversation\u003c/a>\u003c/em>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/profiles/leo-braudy-298056\" rel=\"noopener\">Leo Braudy\u003c/a> is Leo S. Bing Chair in English and American Literature at the \u003ca href=\"http://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-southern-california-dornsife-college-of-letters-arts-and-sciences-2669\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">University of Southern California Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every year at the Oscars, the cameras pan to the famed Hollywood sign and its bold white letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ask someone today what the sign symbolizes, and the same words will likely crop up: \u003cem>Movies. Stardom. Glamour.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as I point in \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=eEnLlfsGfGkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=hollywood+sign+leo+braudy&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjLkpmk7b_ZAhUFR6wKHR0pCq8Q6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q&f=false\" rel=\"noopener\">my book on the Hollywood sign\u003c/a>, the sign didn’t always represent fame and fortune. As the city changed, so did the meaning of the sign, which, at one point, was even considered a public nuisance.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Come to … Hollywoodland?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has long possessed the lure of material and personal fulfillment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What started as a destination for those hoping to strike gold became, in the late 19th century, a mecca for anyone with real or imagined ailments. The state’s temperate climate and natural springs, \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=zm5oBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA43&lpg=PA43&dq=california+health+destination+19th+century&source=bl&ots=gFkRyLbfW1&sig=5hWBgDNks80_z2mnZvn7ITx1a-o&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW0tesscnZAhUBMqwKHcnRANAQ6AEITzAF#v=onepage&q=california%20health%20destination%2019th%20century&f=false\" rel=\"noopener\">guidebooks claimed\u003c/a>, possessed “restorative powers for weakened dispositions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s gold has since been drained, and the quest for perfect health has spread to rest of the country. But the erection of the famed Hollywood sign in 1923 marked the start of another phase, one still with us today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that decade, a real estate development group, one of whose principal backers was Los Angeles Times publisher Harry Chandler, built a large sign – essentially a billboard – on an unnamed mountain between the Los Angeles basin and the San Fernando Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hollywoodland,” the sign read. Its 40,000 blinking light bulbs advertised a new housing development built to accommodate the city’s surging population, which \u003ca href=\"http://www.laalmanac.com/population/po02.php\" rel=\"noopener\">more than doubled\u003c/a> during the 1920s to become the fifth largest in the country, as the city drew people from all over the country for its weather, open spaces and jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city of Hollywood \u003ca href=\"https://www.discoverlosangeles.com/blog/historical-timeline-los-angeles\">had been absorbed\u003c/a> into Los Angeles only a decade earlier. At the time, it was a wealthy area that had grudgingly accepted the movie business. Many mansions dotted the hillsides below the sign, and utopian communities like \u003ca href=\"https://la.curbed.com/2014/5/22/10099768/the-creation-of-beachwood-canyons-theosophist-dreamland-1\" rel=\"noopener\">Krotona\u003c/a>, the U.S. headquarters of a mystical organization called the Theosophical Society, had sprung up in the foothills and on the flats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Accordingly, early advertising for Hollywoodland emphasized the development’s exclusivity. It would offer an escape from the smog, dirt and unwelcome neighbors of downtown Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Saving the sign\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Because the sign holds such a prominent place in the nation’s cultural imagination today, it may be surprising to learn that it wasn’t until fairly recently that it achieved its iconic status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1930s and 1940s, the sign makes an appearance in only a few of the movies that were about Hollywood or the movie industry. Other Hollywood institutions, like the \u003ca href=\"http://brownderbyhollywood.com/about.html\" rel=\"noopener\">Brown Derby restaurant\u003c/a>, tended to represent the film world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1940s, Los Angeles – as both city and symbol – started to change. A dense smog settled over the metropolis, which would be featured as the grim, shadowy setting of noir films like “\u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0038355/\" rel=\"noopener\">The Big Sleep\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0036775/\" rel=\"noopener\">Double Indemnity\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sign – a little dingier, a little more unslightly – reflected the changing city. Since it was originally intended as an advertisement, few had considered its permanence or long-term significance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hillside where it had been built was dangerously steep; workers had cut the letters from thin sheet metal, which they tacked onto telephone poles. Heavy winds could easily rip the letters away, and by the late 1940s, there had been so much deterioration that the city of Los Angeles proposed to tear it down, calling it a dangerous public nuisance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11652983\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11652983\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Color photo of the Hollywood sign with blue sky above\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/RS27116_Hollywood-TC-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Hollywood Sign after a 2005 refurbishment \u003ccite>(Photo by David Livingston/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That dismissive view of the sign began to change in 1949, when the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/hollywood-sign-sold-for-450k/\">told the city that it would take over its ownership and maintenance\u003c/a>. With that exchange, the “land” suffix was dropped. We could say that this is the point that the Hollywood sign we know today was actually born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, improvements and maintenance occurred in fits and starts. By the early 1970s, committees were being formed to “save” the sign in order to restore it beyond shoddy paint jobs and patchwork repairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, in 1978 a committee headed by Hugh Hefner and Alice Cooper collected the funds – about $27,000 per letter – to not simply repair, \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/09/hugh-hefner-hollywood-sign\" rel=\"noopener\">but rebuild the sign\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today the big white letters are a permanent fixture in the Los Angeles landscape, and it’s even withstood the attempts of adventurous vandals to emulate \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/01/01/us/hollywood-hollyweed-sign/index.html\" rel=\"noopener\">the art student\u003c/a> who, in 1976, tweaked the sign to read “\u003ca href=\"http://www.trbimg.com/img-58694e84/turbine/la-lnelson-1483296437-snap-photo\" rel=\"noopener\">Hollyweed\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://counter.theconversation.com/content/78584/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\">In their own way, these vandals are trying to carve out their own slice of the Hollywood dream – a quest not for gold or for health, but for recognition and fame, whether by talent, ambition or selfie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Uber, Lyft Drivers Earning a Median Profit of $3.37 Per Hour, Study Says",
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"content": "\u003cp>The vast majority of Uber and Lyft drivers are earning less than minimum wage and almost a third of them are actually losing money by driving, according to researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ceepr.mit.edu/files/papers/2018-005-Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">A working paper\u003c/a> by Stephen M. Zoepf, Stella Chen, Paa Adu and Gonzalo Pozo at MIT's Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research says the median pretax profit earned from driving is $3.37 per hour after taking expenses into account. Seventy-four percent of drivers earn less than their state's minimum wage, the researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty percent of drivers \"are actually losing money once vehicle expenses are included,\" the authors found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conclusions are based on surveys of more than 1,100 drivers who told researchers about their revenue, how many miles they drove and what type of car they used. The study's authors then combined that with typical costs associated with a certain car's insurance, maintenance, gas and depreciation, which was gathered in data from Edmunds, Kelley Blue Book and the Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers earning the median amount of revenue are getting $0.59 per mile driven, researchers say, but expenses work out to $0.30 per mile, meaning a driver makes a median profit of $0.29 for each mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Uber spokesperson responded to the finding in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/mar/01/uber-lyft-driver-wages-median-report\" target=\"_blank\">statement to The Guardian:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"While the paper is certainly attention grabbing, its methodology and findings are deeply flawed. We've reached out to the paper's authors to share our concerns and suggest ways we might work together to refine their approach.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The newspaper also noted, \"Other \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/~diamondr/UberPayGap.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">studies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://therideshareguy.com/2018-uber-and-lyft-driver-survey-results-the-rideshare-guy/\" target=\"_blank\">surveys\u003c/a> have found higher hourly earnings for Uber drivers, in part because there are numerous ways to report income and to calculate costs and time and miles spent on the job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIT authors also calculated that it's possible for billions of dollars in driver profits to be untaxed because \"nearly half of drivers can declare a loss on their taxes.\" Drivers are able to use the IRS standard mileage rate deduction to write off some of the costs of using a car for business. In 2016, that number was \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/tax-professionals/standard-mileage-rates\" target=\"_blank\">$0.54 per mile.\u003c/a> \"Because of this deduction, most ride-hailing drivers are able to declare profits that are substantially lower,\" researchers write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If drivers are fully able to capitalize on these losses for tax purposes, 73.5% of an estimated U.S. market $4.8B in annual ride-hailing driver profit is untaxed,\" they add.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to MIT researchers, 80 percent of drivers said they work less than 40 hours per week. An NPR/Marist poll in January found that 1 in 5 jobs in the U.S. is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/579833363/the-rise-of-the-contract-workers\" target=\"_blank\">held by a contract worker;\u003c/a> contractors often juggle multiple part-time jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber and Lyft both have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/12/11/569462645/in-effort-to-court-drivers-lyft-offering-education-discounts\" target=\"_blank\">\"notoriously high\"\u003c/a> turnover rates among drivers. A report last year said just \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2017/04/20/only-4-percent-of-uber-drivers-remain-after-a-year-says-report.html\">4 percent\u003c/a> of Uber drivers work for the company for at least a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/12/11/569462645/in-effort-to-court-drivers-lyft-offering-education-discounts\" target=\"_blank\">Aarti Shahani reported\u003c/a> in December that Lyft began a program to give drivers \"access to discounted GED and college courses online\" in a recruiting effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was only last year that Uber introduced the option to tip drivers into its app for customers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/10/7/16363448/uber-lyft-driver-features-app\" target=\"_blank\">Recode listed\u003c/a> the initiatives Uber rolled out in 2017 in order to appeal to drivers, including 24-hour phone support, paid wait time and paying drivers if customers cancel after a certain amount of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Uber and Lyft have been fighting legal battles for years against initiatives to classify their drivers as \"employees\" instead of \"independent contractors\" — meaning drivers don't receive benefits like health care or sick leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The vast majority of Uber and Lyft drivers are earning less than minimum wage and almost a third of them are actually losing money by driving, according to researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ceepr.mit.edu/files/papers/2018-005-Brief.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">A working paper\u003c/a> by Stephen M. Zoepf, Stella Chen, Paa Adu and Gonzalo Pozo at MIT's Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research says the median pretax profit earned from driving is $3.37 per hour after taking expenses into account. Seventy-four percent of drivers earn less than their state's minimum wage, the researchers say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thirty percent of drivers \"are actually losing money once vehicle expenses are included,\" the authors found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conclusions are based on surveys of more than 1,100 drivers who told researchers about their revenue, how many miles they drove and what type of car they used. The study's authors then combined that with typical costs associated with a certain car's insurance, maintenance, gas and depreciation, which was gathered in data from Edmunds, Kelley Blue Book and the Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Drivers earning the median amount of revenue are getting $0.59 per mile driven, researchers say, but expenses work out to $0.30 per mile, meaning a driver makes a median profit of $0.29 for each mile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Uber spokesperson responded to the finding in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/mar/01/uber-lyft-driver-wages-median-report\" target=\"_blank\">statement to The Guardian:\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>\"While the paper is certainly attention grabbing, its methodology and findings are deeply flawed. We've reached out to the paper's authors to share our concerns and suggest ways we might work together to refine their approach.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The newspaper also noted, \"Other \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/~diamondr/UberPayGap.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">studies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://therideshareguy.com/2018-uber-and-lyft-driver-survey-results-the-rideshare-guy/\" target=\"_blank\">surveys\u003c/a> have found higher hourly earnings for Uber drivers, in part because there are numerous ways to report income and to calculate costs and time and miles spent on the job.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>MIT authors also calculated that it's possible for billions of dollars in driver profits to be untaxed because \"nearly half of drivers can declare a loss on their taxes.\" Drivers are able to use the IRS standard mileage rate deduction to write off some of the costs of using a car for business. In 2016, that number was \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/tax-professionals/standard-mileage-rates\" target=\"_blank\">$0.54 per mile.\u003c/a> \"Because of this deduction, most ride-hailing drivers are able to declare profits that are substantially lower,\" researchers write.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If drivers are fully able to capitalize on these losses for tax purposes, 73.5% of an estimated U.S. market $4.8B in annual ride-hailing driver profit is untaxed,\" they add.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to MIT researchers, 80 percent of drivers said they work less than 40 hours per week. An NPR/Marist poll in January found that 1 in 5 jobs in the U.S. is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/series/579833363/the-rise-of-the-contract-workers\" target=\"_blank\">held by a contract worker;\u003c/a> contractors often juggle multiple part-time jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uber and Lyft both have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/12/11/569462645/in-effort-to-court-drivers-lyft-offering-education-discounts\" target=\"_blank\">\"notoriously high\"\u003c/a> turnover rates among drivers. A report last year said just \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2017/04/20/only-4-percent-of-uber-drivers-remain-after-a-year-says-report.html\">4 percent\u003c/a> of Uber drivers work for the company for at least a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR's \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/12/11/569462645/in-effort-to-court-drivers-lyft-offering-education-discounts\" target=\"_blank\">Aarti Shahani reported\u003c/a> in December that Lyft began a program to give drivers \"access to discounted GED and college courses online\" in a recruiting effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was only last year that Uber introduced the option to tip drivers into its app for customers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.recode.net/2017/10/7/16363448/uber-lyft-driver-features-app\" target=\"_blank\">Recode listed\u003c/a> the initiatives Uber rolled out in 2017 in order to appeal to drivers, including 24-hour phone support, paid wait time and paying drivers if customers cancel after a certain amount of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Uber and Lyft have been fighting legal battles for years against initiatives to classify their drivers as \"employees\" instead of \"independent contractors\" — meaning drivers don't receive benefits like health care or sick leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "BART Ticket Inspectors to Start Citing Fare Cheaters",
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"content": "\u003cp>It might be a little hard to believe, but it could be we're near the beginning of the end of the Virtually Unchecked Fare Evasion Era at BART.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a hiccup or two involving new electronic fare readers, a small squad of BART fare inspectors will be roving the system and, starting Friday, issuing citations to those who can't show they've paid their fares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART invited the media to the Powell Street Station in downtown San Francisco to see how the new fare enforcement system is supposed to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspectors, with reporters carrying cameras, mobile phones and microphones to record the proceedings, gathered at the foot of one of the escalators leading down to the station platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid sparse late-morning ridership, passengers descended one or two at a time, encountering the blue-uniformed inspectors waiting below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I need to see a ticket or Clipper card, please, sir,\" inspector Carlos Escobar told one passenger. The patron complied and Escobar's Clipper card reader emitted a cheerful chime, indicating the passenger was all paid up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justin Groom, 22, of Hercules, was one of the first to undergo proof-of-payment scrutiny in full view of the media contingent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a little bit excessive,\" he said. \"I feel like there are probably other ways we could do it better. ... Maybe just have people stationed here all the time whose job it is to wait outside and catch people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groom, who says he's been riding the system for three years, says he sees people entering and leaving stations without paying \"every day -- constantly. It's really, really easy for them to do it, too, so they get away with it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653294\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11653294 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-800x570.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-800x570.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-1180x841.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-960x684.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-240x171.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-375x267.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-520x371.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BART Deputy Police Chief Lance Haight demonstrates one of the agency's new electronic fare readers during a media availability Thursday at Powell Street Station. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The inspection system on display at Powell Street Thursday is the result of a fare evasion ordinance that BART's board of directors approved last fall in an attempt to recoup some of the cash the agency misses out on every year because of fare cheaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much revenue is lost? BART's ballpark estimate is $15 million to $25 million a year, the equivalent of 15,000 to 20,000 people pushing into stations without paying every weekday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The enforcement effort relies on the six new fare inspectors, who are tasked with checking patrons' Clipper cards or paper tickets. The inspectors, community service officers hired by the BART Police Department, carry hand-held fare readers that can tell whether tickets are valid. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their marching orders are to proceed from passenger to passenger throughout a car or on station platforms -- a measure to avoid targeting people based on their appearance -- and they wear body cameras to record their interactions with customers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was one glitch in the launch. Although the proof-of-payment ordinance took effect Jan. 1 and BART said inspectors would issue warnings for the first month of the new regime before issuing citations, the fare-reading devices didn't always work as expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the inspectors were limited to issuing warnings. BART Police Deputy Chief Lance Haight said the inspection team handed out 1,300 courtesy notices or formal warnings in January and February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART's regular sworn officers also enforce the new proof-of- payment ordinance -- as well as the existing state law governing fare evasion. The agency says BART police issued 3,634 fare evasion citations in 2017, more than doubling the number handed out the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How effective will a single team of fare inspectors be on a system that spans 110 miles with something like 420,000 people going in and out of its 46 stations every day?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haight said the team is designed for deterrence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The intent is that people, knowing that at any point along their ride they could be stopped and asked to show their ticket, this should be a discouragement for those who might otherwise fare evade,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What will happen if you can’t prove you’ve paid to get on a train?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first two offenses in any 12-month period will result in a non-criminal citation and fine of $75 for adults and $55 for minors. Adults who rack up a third offense in that 12-month period will face a possible criminal citation and a fine of as much as $250. Minors, who under state law may not be given a criminal citation for fare evasion, would face continued lower-level fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s fare-evasion ordinance also allows all minors and low-income adults to perform community service in lieu of paying the fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART's also trying other measures, like raising barriers around the paid areas of stations and improving video monitoring of fare gates. The agency says it hopes that by spending about $1.8 million on such measures it can recover $8 million to $11 million in fare revenue.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It might be a little hard to believe, but it could be we're near the beginning of the end of the Virtually Unchecked Fare Evasion Era at BART.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a hiccup or two involving new electronic fare readers, a small squad of BART fare inspectors will be roving the system and, starting Friday, issuing citations to those who can't show they've paid their fares.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART invited the media to the Powell Street Station in downtown San Francisco to see how the new fare enforcement system is supposed to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inspectors, with reporters carrying cameras, mobile phones and microphones to record the proceedings, gathered at the foot of one of the escalators leading down to the station platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid sparse late-morning ridership, passengers descended one or two at a time, encountering the blue-uniformed inspectors waiting below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I need to see a ticket or Clipper card, please, sir,\" inspector Carlos Escobar told one passenger. The patron complied and Escobar's Clipper card reader emitted a cheerful chime, indicating the passenger was all paid up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justin Groom, 22, of Hercules, was one of the first to undergo proof-of-payment scrutiny in full view of the media contingent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a little bit excessive,\" he said. \"I feel like there are probably other ways we could do it better. ... Maybe just have people stationed here all the time whose job it is to wait outside and catch people.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groom, who says he's been riding the system for three years, says he sees people entering and leaving stations without paying \"every day -- constantly. It's really, really easy for them to do it, too, so they get away with it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653294\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11653294 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-800x570.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-800x570.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-1020x727.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-1180x841.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-960x684.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-240x171.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-375x267.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/bart180301a-520x371.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">BART Deputy Police Chief Lance Haight demonstrates one of the agency's new electronic fare readers during a media availability Thursday at Powell Street Station. \u003ccite>(Dan Brekke/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The inspection system on display at Powell Street Thursday is the result of a fare evasion ordinance that BART's board of directors approved last fall in an attempt to recoup some of the cash the agency misses out on every year because of fare cheaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much revenue is lost? BART's ballpark estimate is $15 million to $25 million a year, the equivalent of 15,000 to 20,000 people pushing into stations without paying every weekday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The enforcement effort relies on the six new fare inspectors, who are tasked with checking patrons' Clipper cards or paper tickets. The inspectors, community service officers hired by the BART Police Department, carry hand-held fare readers that can tell whether tickets are valid. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their marching orders are to proceed from passenger to passenger throughout a car or on station platforms -- a measure to avoid targeting people based on their appearance -- and they wear body cameras to record their interactions with customers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was one glitch in the launch. Although the proof-of-payment ordinance took effect Jan. 1 and BART said inspectors would issue warnings for the first month of the new regime before issuing citations, the fare-reading devices didn't always work as expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the inspectors were limited to issuing warnings. BART Police Deputy Chief Lance Haight said the inspection team handed out 1,300 courtesy notices or formal warnings in January and February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART's regular sworn officers also enforce the new proof-of- payment ordinance -- as well as the existing state law governing fare evasion. The agency says BART police issued 3,634 fare evasion citations in 2017, more than doubling the number handed out the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How effective will a single team of fare inspectors be on a system that spans 110 miles with something like 420,000 people going in and out of its 46 stations every day?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haight said the team is designed for deterrence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The intent is that people, knowing that at any point along their ride they could be stopped and asked to show their ticket, this should be a discouragement for those who might otherwise fare evade,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What will happen if you can’t prove you’ve paid to get on a train?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first two offenses in any 12-month period will result in a non-criminal citation and fine of $75 for adults and $55 for minors. Adults who rack up a third offense in that 12-month period will face a possible criminal citation and a fine of as much as $250. Minors, who under state law may not be given a criminal citation for fare evasion, would face continued lower-level fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district’s fare-evasion ordinance also allows all minors and low-income adults to perform community service in lieu of paying the fines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BART's also trying other measures, like raising barriers around the paid areas of stations and improving video monitoring of fare gates. The agency says it hopes that by spending about $1.8 million on such measures it can recover $8 million to $11 million in fare revenue.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Newsom Claims S.F. Street Cred on Single-Payer Issue",
"title": "Newsom Claims S.F. Street Cred on Single-Payer Issue",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>As the race for governor heats up, support for a government-run single-payer health care system is becoming a kind of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/09/22/is-single-payer-becoming-a-litmus-test-for-democrats/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">litmus test for Democrats\u003c/a> -- and no candidate has embraced the idea more closely than Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pressure to support single payer, including \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB562\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SB 562\u003c/a> which passed the state Senate before stalling in the Assembly, has gotten the attention of candidates up and down the ballot, some of whom fear alienating the powerful \"take no prisoners\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalnursesunited.org/california-nurses-association\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Nurses Association,\u003c/a> single payer's most ardent supporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has long been a favorite of the nurses union. In fact, they \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-gavin-newsom-california-nurses-association-20151202-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">endorsed him\u003c/a> for governor more than two years ago, in large measure based on his support for \u003ca href=\"http://healthysanfrancisco.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Healthy San Francisco (HSF)\u003c/a>, a program enacted in 2006 when he was mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea was first proposed by then-Supervisor Tom Ammiano, a frequent critic of Newsom's. The former mayor acknowledges that he had serious questions and doubts about the idea when it first surfaced, partly because small businesses were required to help pay for it. Among its biggest critics was the Golden Gate Restaurant Association, which sued in federal court to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, himself a restaurant owner, eventually came around, and now he uses HSF to tout his credibility on single payer. Enacted before the Affordable Care Act (ACA), or Obamacare, Healthy San Francisco was intended to provide \"universal access\" to health care for low-income folks who did not otherwise qualify for Medi-Cal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653162\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11653162\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Jennifer Siebel Newsom, wife of Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, stands beside a bus from the nurses' union supporting him for governor.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jennifer Siebel Newsom, wife of Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, stands beside a bus from the nurses union supporting him for governor. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a convention of nurses in September, Newsom bragged that the program greatly expanded the city's health care safety net, \"regardless of pre-existing conditions, regardless of your ability to pay and regardless of your immigration status -- the only city with universal health care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the San Francisco Public Health Department, at its peak in 2010, HSF had just under 57,000 members at a cost of about $100 million. It wasn't insurance, but rather a connection for members to a primary care physician and a \"medical home\" where they could get treatment, so they didn't have to rely on costly hospital emergency rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthcare.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ACA\u003c/a> took effect in 2011, most enrollees of Healthy S.F. have transitioned into Covered California, the state's version of Obamacare with expanded eligibility for Medi-Cal. Today, Healthy San Francisco has just over 10,000 members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"xCxPK3C6iaTVQfgJz7p4iQbVyYkgqKRu\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom insists his support of that program shows he can deliver single-payer health care to California if he is elected governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his closest rival in the race, former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, says Newsom is promising something he can't deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Am I for single payer?\" Villaraigosa asked rhetorically at a recent debate in Los Angeles. \"I'm philosophically for it. But we gotta address the fact that it costs $400 billion. And anybody who's telling you we should do it without a plan is selling you snake oil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom had a tart reply to Villaraigosa at the Democratic Party Convention last weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My opponents, they call it snake oil,\" Newsom said. \"I call it single payer. It's about access. It's about affordability. It's about time, Democrats.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom finished first in the party endorsement vote with support from 39 percent of delegates. Villaraigosa finished last with 9 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Villaraigosa is not alone in his criticism of single payer as currently envisioned. After SB 562 passed the state Senate last year, Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon said he would not let it reach the floor of his house without more meat on the bones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"JtejKkN5MXq6bZm5glTE8w4yWnxDtYZD\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That announcement put the nurses union on the warpath, even threatening to launch a recall campaign against Rendon. Since then, the Assembly has held informational hearings on SB 562, but there's been little progress toward moving it forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a bill that was woefully incomplete,\" Rendon said on KQED Forum in December. \"Imagine a bill that comes at a price tag of $400 billion but doesn't identify a funding source.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown has also expressed skepticism about single-payer health care. Referring to the estimated $350 billion to $400 billion price tag, Brown asked \"Where do you get the extra money?\u003cbr>\nThis is the whole question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the nurses union points to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.peri.umass.edu/publication/item/996-economic-analysis-of-the-healthy-california-single-payer-health-care-proposal-sb-562\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2017 study\u003c/a> by the University of Massachusetts Amherst. It found that a single-payer system would increase costs to California (government, employer and individuals) by just under 10 percent. But it also found a significant potential for cost savings from administration and prescription drugs and reduced inefficiency, with the net effect being an overall savings under single payer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, implementing single-payer health care in California would require buy-in from the federal government, employers and the insurance industry, says health policy analyst Marian Mulkey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Single payer] is a complete upending of the way that health care is paid for, and financing is a very far cry in terms of conception from Healthy San Francisco,\" she said. \"And that would be a huge transition to negotiate and to manage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so, while single-payer health care might be politically popular right now, huge hurdles remain. And whether Gavin Newsom could do anything to overcome that as governor is very much open to question.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the race for governor heats up, support for a government-run single-payer health care system is becoming a kind of \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/09/22/is-single-payer-becoming-a-litmus-test-for-democrats/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">litmus test for Democrats\u003c/a> -- and no candidate has embraced the idea more closely than Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pressure to support single payer, including \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB562\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SB 562\u003c/a> which passed the state Senate before stalling in the Assembly, has gotten the attention of candidates up and down the ballot, some of whom fear alienating the powerful \"take no prisoners\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalnursesunited.org/california-nurses-association\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Nurses Association,\u003c/a> single payer's most ardent supporter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has long been a favorite of the nurses union. In fact, they \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-gavin-newsom-california-nurses-association-20151202-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">endorsed him\u003c/a> for governor more than two years ago, in large measure based on his support for \u003ca href=\"http://healthysanfrancisco.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Healthy San Francisco (HSF)\u003c/a>, a program enacted in 2006 when he was mayor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea was first proposed by then-Supervisor Tom Ammiano, a frequent critic of Newsom's. The former mayor acknowledges that he had serious questions and doubts about the idea when it first surfaced, partly because small businesses were required to help pay for it. Among its biggest critics was the Golden Gate Restaurant Association, which sued in federal court to stop it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, himself a restaurant owner, eventually came around, and now he uses HSF to tout his credibility on single payer. Enacted before the Affordable Care Act (ACA), or Obamacare, Healthy San Francisco was intended to provide \"universal access\" to health care for low-income folks who did not otherwise qualify for Medi-Cal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11653162\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11653162\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Jennifer Siebel Newsom, wife of Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, stands beside a bus from the nurses' union supporting him for governor.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/03/IMG_5130-e1519947739518-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jennifer Siebel Newsom, wife of Lt. Gov. Gavin Newsom, stands beside a bus from the nurses union supporting him for governor. \u003ccite>(Scott Shafer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At a convention of nurses in September, Newsom bragged that the program greatly expanded the city's health care safety net, \"regardless of pre-existing conditions, regardless of your ability to pay and regardless of your immigration status -- the only city with universal health care.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the San Francisco Public Health Department, at its peak in 2010, HSF had just under 57,000 members at a cost of about $100 million. It wasn't insurance, but rather a connection for members to a primary care physician and a \"medical home\" where they could get treatment, so they didn't have to rely on costly hospital emergency rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthcare.gov\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ACA\u003c/a> took effect in 2011, most enrollees of Healthy S.F. have transitioned into Covered California, the state's version of Obamacare with expanded eligibility for Medi-Cal. Today, Healthy San Francisco has just over 10,000 members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom insists his support of that program shows he can deliver single-payer health care to California if he is elected governor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his closest rival in the race, former Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, says Newsom is promising something he can't deliver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Am I for single payer?\" Villaraigosa asked rhetorically at a recent debate in Los Angeles. \"I'm philosophically for it. But we gotta address the fact that it costs $400 billion. And anybody who's telling you we should do it without a plan is selling you snake oil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom had a tart reply to Villaraigosa at the Democratic Party Convention last weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My opponents, they call it snake oil,\" Newsom said. \"I call it single payer. It's about access. It's about affordability. It's about time, Democrats.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom finished first in the party endorsement vote with support from 39 percent of delegates. Villaraigosa finished last with 9 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Villaraigosa is not alone in his criticism of single payer as currently envisioned. After SB 562 passed the state Senate last year, Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon said he would not let it reach the floor of his house without more meat on the bones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That announcement put the nurses union on the warpath, even threatening to launch a recall campaign against Rendon. Since then, the Assembly has held informational hearings on SB 562, but there's been little progress toward moving it forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a bill that was woefully incomplete,\" Rendon said on KQED Forum in December. \"Imagine a bill that comes at a price tag of $400 billion but doesn't identify a funding source.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Jerry Brown has also expressed skepticism about single-payer health care. Referring to the estimated $350 billion to $400 billion price tag, Brown asked \"Where do you get the extra money?\u003cbr>\nThis is the whole question.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response, the nurses union points to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.peri.umass.edu/publication/item/996-economic-analysis-of-the-healthy-california-single-payer-health-care-proposal-sb-562\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2017 study\u003c/a> by the University of Massachusetts Amherst. It found that a single-payer system would increase costs to California (government, employer and individuals) by just under 10 percent. But it also found a significant potential for cost savings from administration and prescription drugs and reduced inefficiency, with the net effect being an overall savings under single payer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, implementing single-payer health care in California would require buy-in from the federal government, employers and the insurance industry, says health policy analyst Marian Mulkey.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"[Single payer] is a complete upending of the way that health care is paid for, and financing is a very far cry in terms of conception from Healthy San Francisco,\" she said. \"And that would be a huge transition to negotiate and to manage.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so, while single-payer health care might be politically popular right now, huge hurdles remain. And whether Gavin Newsom could do anything to overcome that as governor is very much open to question.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "ICE: 232 Arrests in Northern California Operation This Week",
"title": "ICE: 232 Arrests in Northern California Operation This Week",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:05 p.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal immigration agents have arrested 232 people in Northern California over the past four days, according to a statement from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Thursday evening, which announced the operation has ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal advocates for immigrants say they have confirmed arrests in the Bay Area counties of Alameda, Contra Costa, Napa, San Francisco and Santa Clara. There have also been arrests reported in Fresno, Merced, Monterey and Sacramento counties. ICE reported one arrest in San Joaquin County. All the counties fall under the jurisdiction of the San Francisco field office for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sanctuary jurisdictions like San Francisco and Oakland shield dangerous criminal aliens from federal law enforcement at the expense of public safety,\" ICE Deputy Director Thomas Homan said in a written statement Tuesday. \"Thanks to the dedicated and professional work of ICE deportation officers, we were able to remove many public safety threats from the streets of the Bay Area during the past few days.\"\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=\"idWNVLZVt6PAx7x8TOGM6eE5NchcKMkh\"]\u003cbr>\nAdvocates who work to rapidly respond to immigration arrests and connect detainees with attorneys had counted dozens of arrests as of late Tuesday and expected the actual number of those detained would be in the hundreds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve often seen that actual confirmed reports that come through the local rapid-response networks and the hotlines are usually just a small percentage of how many people are actually being picked up,” said Hamid Yazdan Panah, with the Northern California Rapid Response and Immigrant Defense Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrests came after a Saturday evening \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/26/oakland-mayor-warns-immigration-arrests-could-hit-bay-area-sunday/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">warning\u003c/a> from Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf that a sweeping immigration enforcement operation in Oakland and other parts of the Bay Area was imminent. The mayor cited \"multiple credible sources,\" and said Sunday that she did not learn of the planned operation through official channels. Schaaf was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/26/mayor-schaaf-receives-threats-after-warning-of-ice-raids/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">target\u003c/a> of threatening phone calls and social media posts following her announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf has drawn \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/White-House-slams-Oakland-Mayor-Libby-Schaaf-s-12720624.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">significant backlash\u003c/a> from the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Oakland mayor’s decision to publicize her suspicions about ICE operations further increased that risk for my officers and alerted criminal aliens,\" Homan said on Tuesday, adding that he believes Schaaf's statement was reckless and politically motivated. \"864 criminal aliens and public safety threats remain at large in the community, and I have to believe that some of them were able to elude us thanks to the mayor’s irresponsible decision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf reiterated throughout the week that she does not regret the warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was my intention that one mother, or one father, would use the information to help keep their family together,\" Schaaf said in a written statement. \"It is Oakland’s legal right to be a sanctuary city and we have not broken any laws. We believe our community is safer when families stay together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE highlighted arrests of those with prior criminal convictions, including those of alleged gang members who had previously been deported and had also been convicted of violent crimes. ICE also noted the arrest of one man convicted for lewd acts with a child under 14 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency said on Thursday that 180 of those arrested \"were either convicted criminals, had been issued a final order of removal and failed to depart the United States, or had been previously removed from the United States and returned illegally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE said 115, less than half, had prior serious felony convictions or past convictions \"for significant or multiple misdemeanors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: center\">Counties Where ICE Made Arrests\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Alameda County\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Contra Costa\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Fresno\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Napa\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Merced\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Monterey\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Sacramento\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>San Joaquin\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Santa Clara\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sources: ICE and the Northern California Rapid Response and Immigration Defense Network\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The ACLU of Northern California accused ICE agents of intimidation, racial profiling and \"terrorizing communities of color\" during the operation in a statement Tuesday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reports of abusive tactics by ICE are nothing new, they are part of a pattern of fear-mongering and retaliation,\" ACLU of Northern California attorney Angelica Salceda said. \"We need strong families, not families torn apart by deportation. We need communities that trust each other, not communities living in fear of police every second of the day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legal representation, some detainees may agree to leave the U.S. voluntarily and waive their right to make a case for asylum or other deportation relief before an immigration judge. Yazdan Panah said that has already happened with one of the people arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are often under tremendous psychological stress in those circumstances,\" he said. \"They’re often in shock, just given how they were apprehended.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE does not conduct sweeps or raids that target aliens indiscriminately,\" regional ICE spokesman James Schwab said in a written statement this week. \"The agency prioritizes public and national security threats, immigration fugitives and illegal reentrants. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwab wrote that anyone who violates immigration laws may be subject to arrest, detention and deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration altered an Obama-era policy that prioritized the arrest and deportation of people convicted of serious or violent crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blanca Vazquez, with the Bay Area-based Immigrant Liberation Movement, said the Trump administration’s stepped-up enforcement has galvanized immigrant communities to learn their rights and scrutinize ICE’s actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that gives her hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The community is going to be there,\" Vasquez said. \"It’s not going to happen in the shadows anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement criticizes San Francisco and Oakland for policies of non-cooperation. Advocates say ICE is unfairly targeting the Bay Area and terrorizing immigrant communities.",
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"title": "ICE: 232 Arrests in Northern California Operation This Week | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 6:05 p.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal immigration agents have arrested 232 people in Northern California over the past four days, according to a statement from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Thursday evening, which announced the operation has ended.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal advocates for immigrants say they have confirmed arrests in the Bay Area counties of Alameda, Contra Costa, Napa, San Francisco and Santa Clara. There have also been arrests reported in Fresno, Merced, Monterey and Sacramento counties. ICE reported one arrest in San Joaquin County. All the counties fall under the jurisdiction of the San Francisco field office for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sanctuary jurisdictions like San Francisco and Oakland shield dangerous criminal aliens from federal law enforcement at the expense of public safety,\" ICE Deputy Director Thomas Homan said in a written statement Tuesday. \"Thanks to the dedicated and professional work of ICE deportation officers, we were able to remove many public safety threats from the streets of the Bay Area during the past few days.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nAdvocates who work to rapidly respond to immigration arrests and connect detainees with attorneys had counted dozens of arrests as of late Tuesday and expected the actual number of those detained would be in the hundreds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve often seen that actual confirmed reports that come through the local rapid-response networks and the hotlines are usually just a small percentage of how many people are actually being picked up,” said Hamid Yazdan Panah, with the Northern California Rapid Response and Immigrant Defense Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrests came after a Saturday evening \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/02/26/oakland-mayor-warns-immigration-arrests-could-hit-bay-area-sunday/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">warning\u003c/a> from Oakland Mayor Libby Schaaf that a sweeping immigration enforcement operation in Oakland and other parts of the Bay Area was imminent. The mayor cited \"multiple credible sources,\" and said Sunday that she did not learn of the planned operation through official channels. Schaaf was the \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/02/26/mayor-schaaf-receives-threats-after-warning-of-ice-raids/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">target\u003c/a> of threatening phone calls and social media posts following her announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf has drawn \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/White-House-slams-Oakland-Mayor-Libby-Schaaf-s-12720624.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">significant backlash\u003c/a> from the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The Oakland mayor’s decision to publicize her suspicions about ICE operations further increased that risk for my officers and alerted criminal aliens,\" Homan said on Tuesday, adding that he believes Schaaf's statement was reckless and politically motivated. \"864 criminal aliens and public safety threats remain at large in the community, and I have to believe that some of them were able to elude us thanks to the mayor’s irresponsible decision.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schaaf reiterated throughout the week that she does not regret the warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was my intention that one mother, or one father, would use the information to help keep their family together,\" Schaaf said in a written statement. \"It is Oakland’s legal right to be a sanctuary city and we have not broken any laws. We believe our community is safer when families stay together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE highlighted arrests of those with prior criminal convictions, including those of alleged gang members who had previously been deported and had also been convicted of violent crimes. ICE also noted the arrest of one man convicted for lewd acts with a child under 14 years old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency said on Thursday that 180 of those arrested \"were either convicted criminals, had been issued a final order of removal and failed to depart the United States, or had been previously removed from the United States and returned illegally.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE said 115, less than half, had prior serious felony convictions or past convictions \"for significant or multiple misdemeanors.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: center\">Counties Where ICE Made Arrests\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Alameda County\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Contra Costa\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Fresno\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Napa\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Merced\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Monterey\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Sacramento\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>San Joaquin\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Santa Clara\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sources: ICE and the Northern California Rapid Response and Immigration Defense Network\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The ACLU of Northern California accused ICE agents of intimidation, racial profiling and \"terrorizing communities of color\" during the operation in a statement Tuesday evening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Reports of abusive tactics by ICE are nothing new, they are part of a pattern of fear-mongering and retaliation,\" ACLU of Northern California attorney Angelica Salceda said. \"We need strong families, not families torn apart by deportation. We need communities that trust each other, not communities living in fear of police every second of the day.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without legal representation, some detainees may agree to leave the U.S. voluntarily and waive their right to make a case for asylum or other deportation relief before an immigration judge. Yazdan Panah said that has already happened with one of the people arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are often under tremendous psychological stress in those circumstances,\" he said. \"They’re often in shock, just given how they were apprehended.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE does not conduct sweeps or raids that target aliens indiscriminately,\" regional ICE spokesman James Schwab said in a written statement this week. \"The agency prioritizes public and national security threats, immigration fugitives and illegal reentrants. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schwab wrote that anyone who violates immigration laws may be subject to arrest, detention and deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration altered an Obama-era policy that prioritized the arrest and deportation of people convicted of serious or violent crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blanca Vazquez, with the Bay Area-based Immigrant Liberation Movement, said the Trump administration’s stepped-up enforcement has galvanized immigrant communities to learn their rights and scrutinize ICE’s actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that gives her hope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The community is going to be there,\" Vasquez said. \"It’s not going to happen in the shadows anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Labor Union Pressures Kaiser Permanente with Protests Across the State",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ever since Dwayne Ealy was a kid, he really wanted to work for \u003ca href=\"https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Permanente\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I grew up right here by Kaiser Oakland, in this neighborhood, so I’d walk by Kaiser every day,\" he said while rallying outside Kaiser's \u003ca href=\"https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/northern-california/facilities/Oakland-Medical-Center-100344\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland Medical Center\u003c/a>. \"I went to Oakland Technical High School, it’s right down the street. I wanted to work at Kaiser a long time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After burning out on his first career as a youth counselor, Ealy finally did get a Kaiser job, as an Integrated Courier at a distribution center in Livermore. He delivers medications to Kaiser Permanente hospitals and pharmacies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a good job, and I can do things for my family, and be successful in my community,\" Ealy said. \"People are happy to work for Kaiser.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ealy's enjoyed the work so much that he's been at Kaiser Permanente for 13 years, his longest stint with any one employer. Since the fall, however, Ealy senses his position is on shaky ground. His fears that his work will be outsourced led him to this protest outside the hospital two weeks ago. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union workers employed by Kaiser Permanente are staging a series of protests across California. They say the health care provider is thriving financially, but still plans to outsource some jobs, and cut wages for some new hires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ealy joined more than a hundred other employees who chanted and marched. Some dressed in hospital scrubs, others in street clothes, and many in the deep purple color associated with their union, Service Employees International Union - United Healthcare Workers West (SEIU-UHW). They chanted \"Who's got the power? We got the power! What kind of power? Union power!\" The rally was one of 32 demonstrations that SEIU-UHW is organizing around California between Feb. 14 - Mar. 9. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SEIU-UHW\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> represents roughly 55,000 positions at Kaiser facilities across the state, including medical assistants, housekeeping aides, and pharmacy clerks. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The union's contract with the health care provider expires in September, and union representatives say Kaiser is considering 20 percent wage cuts for new hires in the Central Valley, and ten percent cuts in the Sacramento area. The union points out that in 2017 Kaiser made $3.8 billion, after expenses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work hard for Kaiser, Kaiser you’re making a lot of money,\" Ealy said. \"Don’t be unfair to us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kaiser plans to hire an outside company to take over storage and distribution of pharmaceuticals in Oakland, and representatives say they fear the loss of 55 jobs there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But John Nelson, Vice President of Communications at Kaiser Permanente, wrote in a statement that \"The exact number of positions affected by this decision has not yet been determined.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He called the union's claims \"premature\" and potentially wrong. Nelson also wrote that when there are job changes, Kaiser works to \"reassign and retain our employees first.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union members say they have information that more than 700 other jobs around the state are threatened too, including positions at call centers in Southern California, and warehouse jobs like Ealy’s in Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson stated that Kaiser will not be laying off 700 call center workers, but will \"improve our call center agents' ability to manage member calls and schedule appointments across Southern California.\" He added that the health care provider will make \"additional improvements and changes in the future,\" but will communicate those ahead of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson also wrote that the union's claims about outsourcing of jobs in the Livermore distribution center are wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Contract negotiations between SEIU-UHW and Kaiser Permanente begin at the end of March, ahead of the current contract's expiration in September. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ever since Dwayne Ealy was a kid, he really wanted to work for \u003ca href=\"https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kaiser Permanente\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I grew up right here by Kaiser Oakland, in this neighborhood, so I’d walk by Kaiser every day,\" he said while rallying outside Kaiser's \u003ca href=\"https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/northern-california/facilities/Oakland-Medical-Center-100344\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oakland Medical Center\u003c/a>. \"I went to Oakland Technical High School, it’s right down the street. I wanted to work at Kaiser a long time.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After burning out on his first career as a youth counselor, Ealy finally did get a Kaiser job, as an Integrated Courier at a distribution center in Livermore. He delivers medications to Kaiser Permanente hospitals and pharmacies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It’s a good job, and I can do things for my family, and be successful in my community,\" Ealy said. \"People are happy to work for Kaiser.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ealy's enjoyed the work so much that he's been at Kaiser Permanente for 13 years, his longest stint with any one employer. Since the fall, however, Ealy senses his position is on shaky ground. His fears that his work will be outsourced led him to this protest outside the hospital two weeks ago. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union workers employed by Kaiser Permanente are staging a series of protests across California. They say the health care provider is thriving financially, but still plans to outsource some jobs, and cut wages for some new hires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ealy joined more than a hundred other employees who chanted and marched. Some dressed in hospital scrubs, others in street clothes, and many in the deep purple color associated with their union, Service Employees International Union - United Healthcare Workers West (SEIU-UHW). They chanted \"Who's got the power? We got the power! What kind of power? Union power!\" The rally was one of 32 demonstrations that SEIU-UHW is organizing around California between Feb. 14 - Mar. 9. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SEIU-UHW\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> represents roughly 55,000 positions at Kaiser facilities across the state, including medical assistants, housekeeping aides, and pharmacy clerks. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The union's contract with the health care provider expires in September, and union representatives say Kaiser is considering 20 percent wage cuts for new hires in the Central Valley, and ten percent cuts in the Sacramento area. The union points out that in 2017 Kaiser made $3.8 billion, after expenses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We work hard for Kaiser, Kaiser you’re making a lot of money,\" Ealy said. \"Don’t be unfair to us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kaiser plans to hire an outside company to take over storage and distribution of pharmaceuticals in Oakland, and representatives say they fear the loss of 55 jobs there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But John Nelson, Vice President of Communications at Kaiser Permanente, wrote in a statement that \"The exact number of positions affected by this decision has not yet been determined.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He called the union's claims \"premature\" and potentially wrong. Nelson also wrote that when there are job changes, Kaiser works to \"reassign and retain our employees first.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Union members say they have information that more than 700 other jobs around the state are threatened too, including positions at call centers in Southern California, and warehouse jobs like Ealy’s in Livermore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson stated that Kaiser will not be laying off 700 call center workers, but will \"improve our call center agents' ability to manage member calls and schedule appointments across Southern California.\" He added that the health care provider will make \"additional improvements and changes in the future,\" but will communicate those ahead of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nelson also wrote that the union's claims about outsourcing of jobs in the Livermore distribution center are wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Contract negotiations between SEIU-UHW and Kaiser Permanente begin at the end of March, ahead of the current contract's expiration in September. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Feds Find UC Berkeley Botched Some Sexual Harassment Complaints",
"title": "Feds Find UC Berkeley Botched Some Sexual Harassment Complaints",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Before the #MeToo movement, college students were promoting a new standard of conduct on college campuses with the \u003ca href=\"http://endrapeoncampus.org/yes-means-yes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yes Means Yes Campaign\u003c/a> to end sexual violence and harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley was often at the center of the storm. There were \u003ca href=\"https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/04/cal-berkeley-sexual-harassment-timeline/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allegations against high-profile faculty\u003c/a>, lawsuits, firings and resignations -- including the chancellor’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights conducted an investigation prompted by student complaints, and this week officials \u003ca href=\"http://complianceresponse.berkeley.edu/ocr-report.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced an agreement\u003c/a> that brings that investigation to a close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley has made improvements to its policies and procedures around sexual harassment and sexual violence, federal officials found, but the school still isn’t meeting all legal requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators spent four years looking into the issues and made nine campus visits. They reviewed more than 200 cases, and found in some instances that the university didn’t provide students enough information about their rights, or took too long to resolve the cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11627240\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11627240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-800x526.jpg\" alt=\"Students walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-800x526.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-1020x671.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-1180x776.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-960x632.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-240x158.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-375x247.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley has agreed to a two-year monitoring period. The university will revise its alternative resolution process, which allows some cases to be resolved without a formal investigation, and its policies on handling allegations against faculty or staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school will also continue providing training to faculty and graduate students, and review eight previous cases identified by the Office of Civil Rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The origins of the investigation trace back to 2012, when Sofie Karasek, now 24, was a freshman at UC Berkeley and complained to university officials about a fellow student sexually assaulting her. She was frustrated by what she felt was a seriously flawed university response, so \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2014/feb/26/local/la-me-berkeley-assaults-20140227\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">she organized a group of 31 students\u003c/a> who’d had similar experiences, and brought a complaint to the U.S. Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"5lYMqG4iy6p98B4TsoVL4spfnmAx1LIE\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We felt like it was a moral imperative for us to do something about this,\" Karasek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students argued that school officials discouraged victims from reporting assaults, failed to inform them of their rights and led biased investigations that favored perpetrators’ rights over those of their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karasek said the findings by federal investigators don't bring her the closure she'd hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m relieved that the department has validated many of the concerns that we were talking about all those years ago,\" she said. \"But at the same time, I am also frustrated because my individual allegation was closed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://news.berkeley.edu/2018/02/28/campus-federal-officials-reach-agreement-closing-sexual-misconduct-investigation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In a statement\u003c/a>, UC Berkeley Chancellor Carol Christ thanked the government for its careful review and said the university is committed to doing more to improve its processes and ensure a safe and supportive environment for the campus community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chronicle of Higher Education \u003ca href=\"https://projects.chronicle.com/titleix/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tracks investigations\u003c/a> by the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights, and puts the number of cases opened since 2011 at more than 450.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before the #MeToo movement, college students were promoting a new standard of conduct on college campuses with the \u003ca href=\"http://endrapeoncampus.org/yes-means-yes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Yes Means Yes Campaign\u003c/a> to end sexual violence and harassment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley was often at the center of the storm. There were \u003ca href=\"https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/04/cal-berkeley-sexual-harassment-timeline/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">allegations against high-profile faculty\u003c/a>, lawsuits, firings and resignations -- including the chancellor’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights conducted an investigation prompted by student complaints, and this week officials \u003ca href=\"http://complianceresponse.berkeley.edu/ocr-report.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced an agreement\u003c/a> that brings that investigation to a close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley has made improvements to its policies and procedures around sexual harassment and sexual violence, federal officials found, but the school still isn’t meeting all legal requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators spent four years looking into the issues and made nine campus visits. They reviewed more than 200 cases, and found in some instances that the university didn’t provide students enough information about their rights, or took too long to resolve the cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11627240\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11627240\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-800x526.jpg\" alt=\"Students walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus.\" width=\"800\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-800x526.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-160x105.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-1020x671.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-1180x776.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-960x632.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-240x158.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-375x247.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/SatherGate-520x342.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students walk through Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley has agreed to a two-year monitoring period. The university will revise its alternative resolution process, which allows some cases to be resolved without a formal investigation, and its policies on handling allegations against faculty or staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school will also continue providing training to faculty and graduate students, and review eight previous cases identified by the Office of Civil Rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The origins of the investigation trace back to 2012, when Sofie Karasek, now 24, was a freshman at UC Berkeley and complained to university officials about a fellow student sexually assaulting her. She was frustrated by what she felt was a seriously flawed university response, so \u003ca href=\"http://articles.latimes.com/2014/feb/26/local/la-me-berkeley-assaults-20140227\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">she organized a group of 31 students\u003c/a> who’d had similar experiences, and brought a complaint to the U.S. Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We felt like it was a moral imperative for us to do something about this,\" Karasek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The students argued that school officials discouraged victims from reporting assaults, failed to inform them of their rights and led biased investigations that favored perpetrators’ rights over those of their victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karasek said the findings by federal investigators don't bring her the closure she'd hoped for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I’m relieved that the department has validated many of the concerns that we were talking about all those years ago,\" she said. \"But at the same time, I am also frustrated because my individual allegation was closed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://news.berkeley.edu/2018/02/28/campus-federal-officials-reach-agreement-closing-sexual-misconduct-investigation/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In a statement\u003c/a>, UC Berkeley Chancellor Carol Christ thanked the government for its careful review and said the university is committed to doing more to improve its processes and ensure a safe and supportive environment for the campus community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chronicle of Higher Education \u003ca href=\"https://projects.chronicle.com/titleix/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tracks investigations\u003c/a> by the Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights, and puts the number of cases opened since 2011 at more than 450.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How the Home of Reagan Turned Into the Trump Resistance",
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"headTitle": "The California Dream | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>With more than two dozen lawsuits against the federal administration and new laws designed to thwart federal immigration actions and environmental rollbacks, California has squarely established itself as the Democratic resistance to President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Californians should be wary of the national calls for unity and healing. Unity must be separated from complicity,” Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, a Los Angeles-area Democrat, told colleagues in his first official speech after the 2016 election. “We don’t need healing. We need to fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California’s reputation as a Democratic stronghold has relatively recent roots. While the Democratic Party has held a voter registration advantage since the 1930s, its statewide electoral record leaned conservative for much of the 20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loading...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\">https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Gov. Earl Warren’s oath of office in 1943 to the end of Gov. Pete Wilson’s final term in 1998, the state elected only two Democrats to its highest office, both named Gov. Edmund G. Brown (Pat and Jerry).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California was a red state,” says UC Davis professor Mindy Romero, who studies voting behavior and trends. “We had consistently elected Republican governors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats largely controlled the state Legislature, but from Dwight Eisenhower in 1952 to Ronald Reagan in 1988, a majority of Californians voted for the Republican presidential candidate in every year except 1964, when they supported Lyndon Johnson over Barry Goldwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in the 1990s, however, Republican candidates began to lose their competitiveness in California. In 1994 -- a fateful year for the party -- the GOP won five of the state’s eight statewide elected offices. By 2000, that number had dwindled to one. The party has not won a single statewide election since 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loading...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\">https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigration Is the Sword That Cleaves California Republicans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Today, much of the state’s efforts to resist the Trump administration have focused on protecting immigrants. State Attorney General Xavier Becerra has joined or initiated lawsuits against the administration’s travel ban and its efforts to pull grants from sanctuary cities. State lawmakers have strictly limited how law enforcement can interact with federal immigration agents and put $65 million dollars into legal aid funds for those in the country without legal documentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a far cry from 1994, when a large majority of California voters approved Proposition 187, a divisive ballot measure designed to block undocumented immigrants from receiving most state-funded services, including children’s access to public schools. That initiative and its ties to Republican re-election campaigns not only illustrate the state’s reversal on immigration issues — they helped catalyze them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"WvwR1n7arn3cuypv5vAOYZyvJdw29EgY\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Latino population grew quickly from less than 3 million in 1970 to over 14 million in 2010, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Today, they are the state’s largest racial or ethnic demographic, surpassing whites in 2014. Before the fight over Proposition 187, Latinos tended to lean Democrat, but did not support the party overwhelmingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veteran pollster Mark DiCamillo of the Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies says Republicans had an opportunity to secure the backing of Latino voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At one time, they were in play. I remember that,” says DiCamillo. “I don’t think that’s true anymore. It’s certainly not been true the last decade or two.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When then-Sen. Pete Wilson, a Republican, first ran for governor in 1990, nearly half of Latino voters supported him. Facing a tough re-election campaign four years later against Kathleen Brown, the state treasurer and sister to Gov. Jerry Brown, Wilson focused his campaign on illegal immigration and tied himself to passage of Proposition 187.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They keep coming,” intoned an ominous voice in one Wilson commercial. “Two million illegal immigrants in California. The federal government won’t stop them at the border, yet requires us to pay billions to take care of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lLIzzs2HHgY\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson won the election, along with the ballot initiative’s passage (the measure would later be struck down by a court), but the campaign over Prop. 187 also damaged the party’s brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Widely-perceived racial and xenophobic overtones to the campaigns incited protests in cities across California, making national headlines. By Election Day 1994, Wilson’s support among Latinos fell to 27 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a brief time in the 1990s, as Republicans continued to push ballot measures to ban affirmative action and require English-only education, Latino voter participation spiked. In the decade after Prop. 187, Latino voter registration grew by nearly 70 percent, more than double the rate of the population, according to Romero’s research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"1zNz06FjnS8SVYl9JkOaDZXFAcWQs3DZ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That spike didn’t stay — we kind of went back to normal patterns — but what did hold was this change in registration patterns,” Romero says. “Latinos becoming dominantly Democrat. And then you saw a political machine develop.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asian voters followed a similar pattern. Today, while 33 percent of Latinos identify as conservative, only 16 percent of their likely voters are registered Republicans, according to the Public Policy Institute of California. Fifteen percent of Asian likely voters are registered as Republicans. Meanwhile, half of the California Assembly is comprised of lawmakers of these ethnicities.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Repeating the Past\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For most of the previous century, Republican and Democratic voter registration steadily increased along with the state’s population. But after the 1994 campaign, Republican voter registration flattened, holding at about 5.5 million party registrants for the next decade. Since 2004, it has begun a slow decline, falling below 5 million in 2018 for the first time since 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In movie terms, we would say we are dying at the box office,” the state’s last Republican governor, Arnold Schwarzenegger, told his party in 2007. “We are not filling the seats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political analysts generally agree that the widening Latino and Asian share of the vote, and their increasing support for Democratic candidates, is the primary factor, but not the only one, that explains the Republican rout in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The white population, where Republicans still perform best, has decreased in total number from the 1980s. Higher rates of education and a younger population than the national average, along with increased clustering into coastal cities, also favor Democrats, even among white voters. Still, pockets of California, such as the northern-most third of the state and parts of the Central Valley, Orange County and northern San Diego County remain largely conservative, electing nearly all of the state’s 14 Republican members of Congress in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"1rYh8QYhO20psPxhGmp9MspknQkw0eJd\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say white voters in the inland counties have much more in common with voters in the Midwest, and those are strong areas for President Trump,” says DiCamillo, the pollster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, “without Latinos, Democrats and Republicans would have been nearly equal in their percentage of voters” between 2000 and 2012, according to a report by Romero, the UC Davis professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP political consultant Rob Stutzman says, more than just the ballot measure, Republicans throughout the 1990s adopted rhetoric that alienates immigrant communities. In the 2016 election, instead of backing away, President Trump doubled-down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prop. 187 was a political moment, and you can say there was a lasting effect of that — how much so I think has been overblown,” says Stutzman. “We also talk about (Latino and Asian voters’) family members like they’re criminals, and then we had a guy running for president that called them rapists and murderers without qualification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That rhetoric from Trump is a stark contrast from that of the party during its heyday in California. After serving two terms as a popular governor in California, Ronald Reagan traveled to Liberty State Park in New Jersey, with the Statue of Liberty across the water behind him, to announce his candidacy for president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSVhHwp193I\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking of immigrants, Reagan said to cheers, “This place symbolizes what they all managed to build, no matter where they came from, or how they came, or how much they suffered. They helped to build that magnificent city across the river. They spread across the land building other cities and other towns, and incredibly productive farms. They came to make America work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, that speech from an icon of the Republican Party hews more closely to the rhetoric of the Democratic resistance in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-11660142\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"219\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-800x219.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-160x44.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1020x280.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-1180x324.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-960x263.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-240x66.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-375x103.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner-520x143.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/CADreamBanner.jpg 1867w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>With more than two dozen lawsuits against the federal administration and new laws designed to thwart federal immigration actions and environmental rollbacks, California has squarely established itself as the Democratic resistance to President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Californians should be wary of the national calls for unity and healing. Unity must be separated from complicity,” Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, a Los Angeles-area Democrat, told colleagues in his first official speech after the 2016 election. “We don’t need healing. We need to fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California’s reputation as a Democratic stronghold has relatively recent roots. While the Democratic Party has held a voter registration advantage since the 1930s, its statewide electoral record leaned conservative for much of the 20th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loading...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\">https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Gov. Earl Warren’s oath of office in 1943 to the end of Gov. Pete Wilson’s final term in 1998, the state elected only two Democrats to its highest office, both named Gov. Edmund G. Brown (Pat and Jerry).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California was a red state,” says UC Davis professor Mindy Romero, who studies voting behavior and trends. “We had consistently elected Republican governors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats largely controlled the state Legislature, but from Dwight Eisenhower in 1952 to Ronald Reagan in 1988, a majority of Californians voted for the Republican presidential candidate in every year except 1964, when they supported Lyndon Johnson over Barry Goldwater.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in the 1990s, however, Republican candidates began to lose their competitiveness in California. In 1994 -- a fateful year for the party -- the GOP won five of the state’s eight statewide elected offices. By 2000, that number had dwindled to one. The party has not won a single statewide election since 2010.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Loading...\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\">https://pym.nprapps.org/pym-loader.v1.min.js\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Immigration Is the Sword That Cleaves California Republicans\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Today, much of the state’s efforts to resist the Trump administration have focused on protecting immigrants. State Attorney General Xavier Becerra has joined or initiated lawsuits against the administration’s travel ban and its efforts to pull grants from sanctuary cities. State lawmakers have strictly limited how law enforcement can interact with federal immigration agents and put $65 million dollars into legal aid funds for those in the country without legal documentation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a far cry from 1994, when a large majority of California voters approved Proposition 187, a divisive ballot measure designed to block undocumented immigrants from receiving most state-funded services, including children’s access to public schools. That initiative and its ties to Republican re-election campaigns not only illustrate the state’s reversal on immigration issues — they helped catalyze them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s Latino population grew quickly from less than 3 million in 1970 to over 14 million in 2010, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Today, they are the state’s largest racial or ethnic demographic, surpassing whites in 2014. Before the fight over Proposition 187, Latinos tended to lean Democrat, but did not support the party overwhelmingly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veteran pollster Mark DiCamillo of the Berkeley Institute of Governmental Studies says Republicans had an opportunity to secure the backing of Latino voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At one time, they were in play. I remember that,” says DiCamillo. “I don’t think that’s true anymore. It’s certainly not been true the last decade or two.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When then-Sen. Pete Wilson, a Republican, first ran for governor in 1990, nearly half of Latino voters supported him. Facing a tough re-election campaign four years later against Kathleen Brown, the state treasurer and sister to Gov. Jerry Brown, Wilson focused his campaign on illegal immigration and tied himself to passage of Proposition 187.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They keep coming,” intoned an ominous voice in one Wilson commercial. “Two million illegal immigrants in California. The federal government won’t stop them at the border, yet requires us to pay billions to take care of them.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/lLIzzs2HHgY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/lLIzzs2HHgY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Wilson won the election, along with the ballot initiative’s passage (the measure would later be struck down by a court), but the campaign over Prop. 187 also damaged the party’s brand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Widely-perceived racial and xenophobic overtones to the campaigns incited protests in cities across California, making national headlines. By Election Day 1994, Wilson’s support among Latinos fell to 27 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a brief time in the 1990s, as Republicans continued to push ballot measures to ban affirmative action and require English-only education, Latino voter participation spiked. In the decade after Prop. 187, Latino voter registration grew by nearly 70 percent, more than double the rate of the population, according to Romero’s research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That spike didn’t stay — we kind of went back to normal patterns — but what did hold was this change in registration patterns,” Romero says. “Latinos becoming dominantly Democrat. And then you saw a political machine develop.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asian voters followed a similar pattern. Today, while 33 percent of Latinos identify as conservative, only 16 percent of their likely voters are registered Republicans, according to the Public Policy Institute of California. Fifteen percent of Asian likely voters are registered as Republicans. Meanwhile, half of the California Assembly is comprised of lawmakers of these ethnicities.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Repeating the Past\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For most of the previous century, Republican and Democratic voter registration steadily increased along with the state’s population. But after the 1994 campaign, Republican voter registration flattened, holding at about 5.5 million party registrants for the next decade. Since 2004, it has begun a slow decline, falling below 5 million in 2018 for the first time since 1986.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In movie terms, we would say we are dying at the box office,” the state’s last Republican governor, Arnold Schwarzenegger, told his party in 2007. “We are not filling the seats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political analysts generally agree that the widening Latino and Asian share of the vote, and their increasing support for Democratic candidates, is the primary factor, but not the only one, that explains the Republican rout in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The white population, where Republicans still perform best, has decreased in total number from the 1980s. Higher rates of education and a younger population than the national average, along with increased clustering into coastal cities, also favor Democrats, even among white voters. Still, pockets of California, such as the northern-most third of the state and parts of the Central Valley, Orange County and northern San Diego County remain largely conservative, electing nearly all of the state’s 14 Republican members of Congress in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say white voters in the inland counties have much more in common with voters in the Midwest, and those are strong areas for President Trump,” says DiCamillo, the pollster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, “without Latinos, Democrats and Republicans would have been nearly equal in their percentage of voters” between 2000 and 2012, according to a report by Romero, the UC Davis professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP political consultant Rob Stutzman says, more than just the ballot measure, Republicans throughout the 1990s adopted rhetoric that alienates immigrant communities. In the 2016 election, instead of backing away, President Trump doubled-down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Prop. 187 was a political moment, and you can say there was a lasting effect of that — how much so I think has been overblown,” says Stutzman. “We also talk about (Latino and Asian voters’) family members like they’re criminals, and then we had a guy running for president that called them rapists and murderers without qualification.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That rhetoric from Trump is a stark contrast from that of the party during its heyday in California. After serving two terms as a popular governor in California, Ronald Reagan traveled to Liberty State Park in New Jersey, with the Statue of Liberty across the water behind him, to announce his candidacy for president.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MSVhHwp193I'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MSVhHwp193I'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Speaking of immigrants, Reagan said to cheers, “This place symbolizes what they all managed to build, no matter where they came from, or how they came, or how much they suffered. They helped to build that magnificent city across the river. They spread across the land building other cities and other towns, and incredibly productive farms. They came to make America work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, that speech from an icon of the Republican Party hews more closely to the rhetoric of the Democratic resistance in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/series/californiadream/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The California Dream series\u003c/a> is a statewide media collaboration of CALmatters, KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio with support from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the James Irvine Foundation and the College Futures Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Equifax has disclosed that an additional 2.4 million people were impacted by a massive cybersecurity breach last year, bringing the total to about 148 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The credit reporting agency \u003ca href=\"https://investor.equifax.com/news-and-events/news/2018/03-01-2018-140531340\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">says that the new consumers\u003c/a> were identified during forensic examination of the breach. They were previously unidentified, the company says, because their social security numbers were not stolen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their names and some of their driver’s license information was taken, however. According to the company, “in the vast majority of cases, it did not include consumers’ home addresses, or their respective driver’s license states, dates of issuance, or expiration dates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equifax says it will directly notify these 2.4 million newly identified people, “and will offer identity theft protection and credit file monitoring services at no cost to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has struggled to rebuild public trust after the revelation of the breach and what is widely perceived as a bungled response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, after the cyberattack, several times the company’s official Twitter account mistakenly directed worried customers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/09/21/552681357/after-massive-data-breach-equifax-directed-customers-to-fake-site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to a fake phishing site\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers also have been highly critical of the company’s response, and Thursday’s revelation is prompting new scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some lawmakers say the company has delayed and given only partial responses to questions related to a House Commerce Committee Investigation,” NPR’s Chris Arnold told our Newscast unit. “They are now requesting a briefing from a company Equifax hired to do its own investigation of the breach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week Democrats from the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/2018-02-20.OGR%20Dems%20to%20Barros-Equifax%20re%20Credit%20Protection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pressed Equifax to extend\u003c/a> their free identity theft protection and credit file monitoring \u003ca href=\"https://www.equifaxsecurity2017.com/consumer-notice/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">from one year\u003c/a> to three.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the sensitive nature of the personal information that was stolen — and the ability of criminals to store and use that information for years to come — we believe that the millions of U.S. consumers whose personal information was compromised in the Equifax data breach should receive the most robust form of credit protection and identity theft services available,” says the letter to Paulino Barros, Equifax’s interim CEO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR’s Colin Dwyer reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/09/07/549296359/hackers-accessed-the-personal-data-of-143-million-people-equifax-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">when the breach was first disclosed\u003c/a>, “the number of American consumers affected constitutes about 44 percent of the U.S. population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s good reason to think that many of those impacted may not be aware of it. A new survey from CreditCards.com found that 50 percent of adults surveyed have not checked their credit scores and reports \u003ca href=\"https://www.creditcards.com/credit-card-news/equifax-data-breach-cellphone-survey.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">since the breach\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And “twenty percent of all respondents have heard little or nothing about the Equifax breach, including 46 percent of those aged 18-37,” according to the survey results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worried your data has been exposed? NPR’s Yuki Noguchi put together this \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/09/14/550949718/after-equifax-data-breach-consumers-are-largely-on-their-own\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set of tips\u003c/a> for protecting yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Equifax has disclosed that an additional 2.4 million people were impacted by a massive cybersecurity breach last year, bringing the total to about 148 million people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The credit reporting agency \u003ca href=\"https://investor.equifax.com/news-and-events/news/2018/03-01-2018-140531340\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">says that the new consumers\u003c/a> were identified during forensic examination of the breach. They were previously unidentified, the company says, because their social security numbers were not stolen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their names and some of their driver’s license information was taken, however. According to the company, “in the vast majority of cases, it did not include consumers’ home addresses, or their respective driver’s license states, dates of issuance, or expiration dates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Equifax says it will directly notify these 2.4 million newly identified people, “and will offer identity theft protection and credit file monitoring services at no cost to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has struggled to rebuild public trust after the revelation of the breach and what is widely perceived as a bungled response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, after the cyberattack, several times the company’s official Twitter account mistakenly directed worried customers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/09/21/552681357/after-massive-data-breach-equifax-directed-customers-to-fake-site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to a fake phishing site\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers also have been highly critical of the company’s response, and Thursday’s revelation is prompting new scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some lawmakers say the company has delayed and given only partial responses to questions related to a House Commerce Committee Investigation,” NPR’s Chris Arnold told our Newscast unit. “They are now requesting a briefing from a company Equifax hired to do its own investigation of the breach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week Democrats from the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform \u003ca href=\"https://democrats-oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/2018-02-20.OGR%20Dems%20to%20Barros-Equifax%20re%20Credit%20Protection.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pressed Equifax to extend\u003c/a> their free identity theft protection and credit file monitoring \u003ca href=\"https://www.equifaxsecurity2017.com/consumer-notice/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">from one year\u003c/a> to three.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the sensitive nature of the personal information that was stolen — and the ability of criminals to store and use that information for years to come — we believe that the millions of U.S. consumers whose personal information was compromised in the Equifax data breach should receive the most robust form of credit protection and identity theft services available,” says the letter to Paulino Barros, Equifax’s interim CEO.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As NPR’s Colin Dwyer reported \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/09/07/549296359/hackers-accessed-the-personal-data-of-143-million-people-equifax-says\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">when the breach was first disclosed\u003c/a>, “the number of American consumers affected constitutes about 44 percent of the U.S. population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there’s good reason to think that many of those impacted may not be aware of it. A new survey from CreditCards.com found that 50 percent of adults surveyed have not checked their credit scores and reports \u003ca href=\"https://www.creditcards.com/credit-card-news/equifax-data-breach-cellphone-survey.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">since the breach\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And “twenty percent of all respondents have heard little or nothing about the Equifax breach, including 46 percent of those aged 18-37,” according to the survey results.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Worried your data has been exposed? NPR’s Yuki Noguchi put together this \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/09/14/550949718/after-equifax-data-breach-consumers-are-largely-on-their-own\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">set of tips\u003c/a> for protecting yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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