Marvin Mutch spent 41 years in prison for a crime he insists he didn't commit.

In 1975, The 19-year-old Bay Area native was convicted on circumstantial evidence of murdering a young girl in Union City, and sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole.

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Mutch had a rocky start behind bars, but eventually became a mentor to his fellow inmates and an advocate for prison rights. Despite his exemplary behavior, he was repeatedly denied parole, in large part because of his adamant refusal to confess to the crime he'd been convicted of.

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In 2006, with legal assistance from the Northern California Innocence Project and support from high-ranking prison officials, Mutch was granted parole. But that decision was rescinded by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, who did not to be accused of allowing someone convicted of murder back on the streets.

It wasn’t until 2016, at the age of 59, when Mutch finally re-entered society. His release was partly the result of an earlier court-mandated change to state parole rules making it harder to deny parole to inmates no longer considered dangerous.

Today, Mutch remains under parole supervision and continues his prison advocacy work. The Trials of Marvin Mutch, a KQED News documentary by Adam Grossberg and Alex Emslie, investigates the complex details of the original trial, and follows Mutch today as he adjusts to freedom for the first time in four decades.

[RELATED: Film landing page and related podcast series]

Opening quick write prompt:

Do you think someone convicted of a heinous crime can be rehabilitated and should regain freedom? Why or why not?

A quick write allows students to write down their thoughts before discussing the opening question in order to increase participation and make the discussion more accessible to English Language Learners.

Objective

Students will analyze and evaluate the case of Marvin Mutch, including his arrest and conviction, and the issues surrounding his eventual release from prison.
Students will investigate and reflect on the theme of justice, rehabilitation and parole policy, as well as the role of groups that advocate for the wrongfully convicted.

Essential question

Who should be in charge of deciding if and when convicted criminals should be granted parole? How can justice be better served and wrongful convictions avoided?

Key vocabulary

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Pre-teach key vocabulary before students do the activity, especially if you have English Language Learners. After going over the simple definition, consider providing a visual aid or having students draw one. More ideas for how to pre-teach vocabulary can be found here.

Word	Simple definition
Circumstantial (adj.)	Pointing indirectly to someone's guilt, but not conclusively proving it.
Confluence (n.)	When two or more things occur at the same time
Heinous (adj.)	Very bad or evil, deserving of contempt
Parole (n.)	The release of a prisoner, on condition of good behavior, before completion of a full sentence
Predecessor (n.)	Someone who had a job or role before somebody else
Rehabilitate (v.)	To restore someone to a safe and healthy state
Truancy (n.)	The act of skipping school without permission

Direct instruction and guided practice

Discuss the quick-write prompt to gauge how students generally feel about the concept of rehabilitation and parole.
Ask follow-up questions to explore the question in greater depth. (Note: Students can answer as a think-pair-share or in a whole-class discussion): Who should decide if a convicted criminal is no longer dangerous? What if that person is now much older and doesn’t seem to pose a serious threat to society? What if the person maintains his or her innocence?
Explain that students will watch a film about Marvin Mutch, a man who was recently freed after serving 41 years in prison for a murder he insists he never committed.
Before watching: Brainstorm a list of all the things students can think of that have changed in our society since 1975, when Mutch was convicted at the age of 19 and sent to prison. Ask: What do you think the experience has been like for him to re-enter society after so long?

While watching: As a class or in small groups, watch the documentary The Trials of Marvin Mutch. (Note: Use a platform like EdPuzzle or PlayPosIt to insert questions directly into the video. Find strategies for how to make classroom videos interactive HERE.) Stop the video at the following time marks to ask these questions:

- 3:55: What did Mutch do the day he got out of prison? What would you have done in that situation?

- 5:33: What challenges did Marvin experience in his childhood? Do you think his troubles with the police were serious? Why/why not? (Be sure students know the definitions of profane language and truancy.)

- 10:49: Why was Marvin arrested for Cassie’s murder? Do you agree with his statement of innocence? Why/why not?

- 24:10: What were the issues with testimony of Marvin’s sister? If you were Marvin, how would you feel about your sister’s actions? At this point, do you believe Marvin is innocent or guilty? Why/why not?

- 30:00: Would you have made the same choice as Marvin and lied to the parole board in the hope of winning release? Why or why not?

- 35:04: How did Marvin show leadership in prison? Do you think his actions were genuine or did he have ulterior motives? Why/why not?

- 40:07: What evidence does Jill Klinge (the assistant district attorney) use to explain why Marvin’s supporters built a case for parole? What evidence do Marvin’s supporters use to explain why he should get parole? Which explanation do you agree with? Explain.

- 44:28: What changed with California’s parole policies that led to Marvin finally being granted parole in 2016 after being denied 10 years earlier? How did that additional 10 years in prison affect Marvin’s life?

- At the end: How would you describe Marvin’s life now? In your opinion, why do you think he forgave his sister? Why do you think he doesn’t appear to be bitter at all about what happened to him?

Transition to independent practice: Ask students to put themselves into groups based on interest in one of the following central questions in the film:

Has justice been served in the case of Marvin Mutch? Why or why not?
Should convicted criminals be able to regain their freedom if they can show they are no longer a danger to society? Why/why not?
Do you think legal groups like the Northern California Innocence Project will always be necessary, or do you think the criminal justice system will eventually stop convicting innocent people? Explain.

Encourage groups or individual students to pose their own questions about this topic if there is another aspect they want to explore.

Independent practice

Students should prepare to present their answer and evidence to the class in the format of their choice. AdobeSpark, piktochart, Prezi, Canva, and Thinglink are all free, online tools that can be used for infographics, posters or presentations.

Assessment/Reflection

Small groups present their findings to the class orally or in a gallery walk.
After the presentations, students reflect individually in writing in response to the following question:What two or three factors do you think contributed most to Marvin Mutch’s conviction and decades spent behind bars? (Example: His troubled youth, his sister’s testimony, the lack of DNA evidence, the rules of the parole board, etc.)

Circle chats, small-group discussions and think-pair-share provide a safer space for students to practice speaking and listening, and also boost participation during whole-class discussions.

Extension/Homework

Write/speak locally: Students research ways to share their poster or presentation with the community. (Example: Presenting during the public comment section of a city council meeting, posting on an online forum, etc.) For a list of how to contact local officials in your area, check out KQED Learning’s Local Election Toolkit.

Common Core Standards

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.CCRA.R.1	Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.CCRA.R.7	Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.CCRA.W.6	Use technology, including the Internet, to produce and publish writing and to interact and collaborate with others.
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.CCRA.W.8	Gather relevant information from multiple print and digital sources, assess the credibility and accuracy of each source, and integrate the information while avoiding plagiarism.

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Lesson Plan: The Trials of Marvin Mutch