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"content": "\u003cp>Last week, Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban caused quite a stir on Twitter by suggesting that people, if they could afford it, get quarterly bloodwork to establish a baseline of their own health. A big failing of medicine, he wrote, is that \"we wait till we are sick to have our blood tested and compare the results to 'comparable demographics.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/mcuban/status/583366647987093504\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that idea may seem logical, medical researchers have long cautioned that more testing is \u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e7191\">not a recipe for better health\u003c/a>. I and others, including many doctors, countered Cuban's views, saying they could produce dangerous outcomes for patients. (You can find my summary \u003ca href=\"https://storify.com/charlesornstein/my-tussle-with-mcuban-over-excessive-blood-testing\">here\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://storify.com/charlesornstein/round-two-my-tussle-with-mcuban-continues-over-qua\">here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's why: More testing leads to more false positives and incidental findings (abnormalities that don't pose a risk to your actual health). That leads to a higher probability of treatment. And treatment carries side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Society of General Internal Medicine \u003ca href=\"http://www.choosingwisely.org/doctor-patient-lists/society-of-general-internal-medicine/\">explicitly discourages\u003c/a> routine general health checks for adults who have no symptoms, saying they have not been shown to reduce illness, death or hospitalization, but do create \"a potential for harm from unnecessary testing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was an interesting discussion, and Cuban did not back down. Indeed, some doctors said that Cuban's vision may be the way of the future, particularly as medical testing improves and patients grow more accustomed to managing their own health data. \"Many companies are pushing big data in healthcare,\" writes \u003ca href=\"http://oncology.wustl.edu/people/faculty/Tomasson/Tomasson_Bio.html\">Dr. Michael H. Tomasson,\u003c/a> a hematologist at Washington University in St. Louis, \u003ca href=\"https://michaeltomasson.wordpress.com/2015/04/02/mark-cuban-understands-the-future-of-health-care/\">on his blog\u003c/a>. \"I see no reason why Cuban can't push too in his own way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1375\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 338px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-1375\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Cuban, owner of the Dallas Mavericks, stirred debate last week with his suggestion that quarterly blood testing could help healthy people stay that way.\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-320x213.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Cuban, owner of the Dallas Mavericks, stirred debate last week with his suggestion that quarterly blood testing could help healthy people stay that way. (Doug Pensinger/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I asked Cuban to continue the discussion in a podcast and an interview. He declined, saying my position on the issue rendered me partial. But he explains more of his thinking in \u003ca href=\"http://thehealthcareblog.com/blog/2015/04/05/radiologists-vs-mark-cuban-on-overtesting/comment-page-1/#comment-731904\">comments he posted\u003c/a> on The Health Care Blog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get some additional perspective, I turned to \u003ca href=\"http://www.tdi.dartmouth.edu/faculty/h-gilbert-welch-md-mph\">Dr. H. Gilbert Welch\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College. Welch is a leader in articulating the case against testing too much. His take on the question at hand was never in doubt, but the reasoning behind it is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is quarterly bloodwork for healthy people a good thing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. It's not. This is potentially a recipe for making all of us sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I guess the first thing to say is that we all harbor abnormalities, and increasingly our technologies are able to detect them — be they biochemical, be they structural. We can see things down to millimeters in size; we can measure things down to parts per billion; and we can sequence the whole genome. That's 3 billion data points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there's no shortage of biometric data that people could be collecting on themselves regularly, and by the way, there's a huge financial interest in having people do that. The market of the well is a huge, huge market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is you'll always be catching things out of what we would say is normal. This is anticipatory medicine at its worst, where you're really focused on what could be going wrong in the future and you're trying to pick up [a] signal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is there's so much noise — because the human body is a living organism. Variation is the very essence of life. People will start reacting to this data. I also think it's really important to label it what it is: data. To me it only becomes information to the extent that it accurately predicts something will happen in the future, and it only becomes useful knowledge — a higher level piece of information — if we can do something about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cuban argues that any misdiagnoses and unnecessary treatment rests with the doctors, and not with patients owning their data. Do you agree?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there's a misunderstanding that diagnosis is some super clear black-white kind of distinction, when in fact there are 1,000 shades of gray in between. The time you get into that gray is when you're dealing with people who feel fine and have some detectable abnormality. That's how we get into it in cancer screening. We're looking for very early signs of disease. There's going to be great pressure to react to those abnormalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“The more tests you do, and this is only the statistical process, the more likely one of them will be falsely abnormal.”\u003ccite> Dr. H. Gilbert Welch, medical professor at The Dartmouth Institute \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It's not fair to say the pathologists have misdiagnosed. Undoubtedly there is some misdiagnosis, but their standard for what constitutes cancer is the appearance of individual cells, and how they relate to one another — the architecture of the cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a perfectly good standard when you were sending them cancers that you could feel, things the size of golf balls. But when you start sending them microscopic collections of cells, expecting them to make some prediction about the dynamics of that process and how that will interact with the host — that's you – it's understandably going to be fraught with uncertainly. It's all going to be probabilistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some people say that medicine needs to move away from paternalism and more toward individual ownership of health. Patients want access to their own data, how and when they want it.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm a great believer in having patients share in decisions. At the same time, since I've actually cared for patients, I know that many times they're sick. They actually want to know what your advice is. It's too easy for doctors to come back and say, 'What do you want to do?' Obviously we have to find a balance between something that's totally on the patient to try to decide ... and the doctor simply asserting what the patient should do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think most patients want to be somewhere in between. They want to participate in the decision, and when there really are close calls, they want to participate in the close calls. We should recognize that some patients will want to do that more than others, and some patients will be more capable of doing that than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We should also be clear that there's a lot of bad information out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cuban makes a distinction between making a diagnosis, and collecting a series of data points to \"benchmark\" yourself.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more tests you do, and this is only the statistical process, the more likely one of them will be falsely abnormal. And the more times you do it, the more chance that something will be falsely abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be great pressure to take actions and that's how people will get hurt. It's going to distract them from the more positive things that they can do now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It gets down to what health is. What I'm worried about is allowing health to be defined as some set of biometric measurements. ... Health is about more than a bunch of physical measurements. It's about a state of mind and we have to be careful not to undermine that state of mind. Ironically, part of health is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> being too focused on it. ... Much better for people to develop good relationships, have good friends, be outside, eat well — find things that produce meaning in their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post comes to us via NPR's partnership with \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/article/mark-cubans-advice-a-recipe-for-making-all-of-us-sick-expert-says\">ProPublica\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 ProPublica. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/\">http://www.propublica.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Tracking+Your+Own+Health+Data+Too+Closely+Can+Make+You+Sick&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Why not check bloodwork a few times a year as some celebrities advise? Because too much testing can lead to false positives (and abnormalities that don't threaten health) and to unnecessary treatment.",
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"description": "Why not check bloodwork a few times a year as some celebrities advise? Because too much testing can lead to false positives (and abnormalities that don't threaten health) and to unnecessary treatment.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last week, Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban caused quite a stir on Twitter by suggesting that people, if they could afford it, get quarterly bloodwork to establish a baseline of their own health. A big failing of medicine, he wrote, is that \"we wait till we are sick to have our blood tested and compare the results to 'comparable demographics.' \"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>While that idea may seem logical, medical researchers have long cautioned that more testing is \u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e7191\">not a recipe for better health\u003c/a>. I and others, including many doctors, countered Cuban's views, saying they could produce dangerous outcomes for patients. (You can find my summary \u003ca href=\"https://storify.com/charlesornstein/my-tussle-with-mcuban-over-excessive-blood-testing\">here\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://storify.com/charlesornstein/round-two-my-tussle-with-mcuban-continues-over-qua\">here\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's why: More testing leads to more false positives and incidental findings (abnormalities that don't pose a risk to your actual health). That leads to a higher probability of treatment. And treatment carries side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Society of General Internal Medicine \u003ca href=\"http://www.choosingwisely.org/doctor-patient-lists/society-of-general-internal-medicine/\">explicitly discourages\u003c/a> routine general health checks for adults who have no symptoms, saying they have not been shown to reduce illness, death or hospitalization, but do create \"a potential for harm from unnecessary testing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was an interesting discussion, and Cuban did not back down. Indeed, some doctors said that Cuban's vision may be the way of the future, particularly as medical testing improves and patients grow more accustomed to managing their own health data. \"Many companies are pushing big data in healthcare,\" writes \u003ca href=\"http://oncology.wustl.edu/people/faculty/Tomasson/Tomasson_Bio.html\">Dr. Michael H. Tomasson,\u003c/a> a hematologist at Washington University in St. Louis, \u003ca href=\"https://michaeltomasson.wordpress.com/2015/04/02/mark-cuban-understands-the-future-of-health-care/\">on his blog\u003c/a>. \"I see no reason why Cuban can't push too in his own way.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1375\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 338px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-1375\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Mark Cuban, owner of the Dallas Mavericks, stirred debate last week with his suggestion that quarterly blood testing could help healthy people stay that way.\" width=\"338\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7-320x213.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/mark-cuban_enl-3d1ad78959b0f0f533558047910fd624c4f8caa7.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mark Cuban, owner of the Dallas Mavericks, stirred debate last week with his suggestion that quarterly blood testing could help healthy people stay that way. (Doug Pensinger/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>I asked Cuban to continue the discussion in a podcast and an interview. He declined, saying my position on the issue rendered me partial. But he explains more of his thinking in \u003ca href=\"http://thehealthcareblog.com/blog/2015/04/05/radiologists-vs-mark-cuban-on-overtesting/comment-page-1/#comment-731904\">comments he posted\u003c/a> on The Health Care Blog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get some additional perspective, I turned to \u003ca href=\"http://www.tdi.dartmouth.edu/faculty/h-gilbert-welch-md-mph\">Dr. H. Gilbert Welch\u003c/a>, a professor of medicine at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College. Welch is a leader in articulating the case against testing too much. His take on the question at hand was never in doubt, but the reasoning behind it is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is quarterly bloodwork for healthy people a good thing?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. It's not. This is potentially a recipe for making all of us sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I guess the first thing to say is that we all harbor abnormalities, and increasingly our technologies are able to detect them — be they biochemical, be they structural. We can see things down to millimeters in size; we can measure things down to parts per billion; and we can sequence the whole genome. That's 3 billion data points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there's no shortage of biometric data that people could be collecting on themselves regularly, and by the way, there's a huge financial interest in having people do that. The market of the well is a huge, huge market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is you'll always be catching things out of what we would say is normal. This is anticipatory medicine at its worst, where you're really focused on what could be going wrong in the future and you're trying to pick up [a] signal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is there's so much noise — because the human body is a living organism. Variation is the very essence of life. People will start reacting to this data. I also think it's really important to label it what it is: data. To me it only becomes information to the extent that it accurately predicts something will happen in the future, and it only becomes useful knowledge — a higher level piece of information — if we can do something about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cuban argues that any misdiagnoses and unnecessary treatment rests with the doctors, and not with patients owning their data. Do you agree?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think there's a misunderstanding that diagnosis is some super clear black-white kind of distinction, when in fact there are 1,000 shades of gray in between. The time you get into that gray is when you're dealing with people who feel fine and have some detectable abnormality. That's how we get into it in cancer screening. We're looking for very early signs of disease. There's going to be great pressure to react to those abnormalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“The more tests you do, and this is only the statistical process, the more likely one of them will be falsely abnormal.”\u003ccite> Dr. H. Gilbert Welch, medical professor at The Dartmouth Institute \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It's not fair to say the pathologists have misdiagnosed. Undoubtedly there is some misdiagnosis, but their standard for what constitutes cancer is the appearance of individual cells, and how they relate to one another — the architecture of the cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was a perfectly good standard when you were sending them cancers that you could feel, things the size of golf balls. But when you start sending them microscopic collections of cells, expecting them to make some prediction about the dynamics of that process and how that will interact with the host — that's you – it's understandably going to be fraught with uncertainly. It's all going to be probabilistic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Some people say that medicine needs to move away from paternalism and more toward individual ownership of health. Patients want access to their own data, how and when they want it.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I'm a great believer in having patients share in decisions. At the same time, since I've actually cared for patients, I know that many times they're sick. They actually want to know what your advice is. It's too easy for doctors to come back and say, 'What do you want to do?' Obviously we have to find a balance between something that's totally on the patient to try to decide ... and the doctor simply asserting what the patient should do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think most patients want to be somewhere in between. They want to participate in the decision, and when there really are close calls, they want to participate in the close calls. We should recognize that some patients will want to do that more than others, and some patients will be more capable of doing that than others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We should also be clear that there's a lot of bad information out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cuban makes a distinction between making a diagnosis, and collecting a series of data points to \"benchmark\" yourself.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more tests you do, and this is only the statistical process, the more likely one of them will be falsely abnormal. And the more times you do it, the more chance that something will be falsely abnormal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be great pressure to take actions and that's how people will get hurt. It's going to distract them from the more positive things that they can do now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It gets down to what health is. What I'm worried about is allowing health to be defined as some set of biometric measurements. ... Health is about more than a bunch of physical measurements. It's about a state of mind and we have to be careful not to undermine that state of mind. Ironically, part of health is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> being too focused on it. ... Much better for people to develop good relationships, have good friends, be outside, eat well — find things that produce meaning in their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post comes to us via NPR's partnership with \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/article/mark-cubans-advice-a-recipe-for-making-all-of-us-sick-expert-says\">ProPublica\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 ProPublica. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.propublica.org/\">http://www.propublica.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Tracking+Your+Own+Health+Data+Too+Closely+Can+Make+You+Sick&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2015/04/20150406science.mp3\u003cbr>\nI’m driving through a frozen world, where the roads are paved in ice. As I swerve left to avoid a mini iceberg, a red fish flashes at the top of my screen. I’m supposed to tap all the red fish that pop up, but not the green fish or the blue birds. And I have to do this without crashing the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Doing one thing at a time is easy, but doing them both at the same time is where the magic happens!” says the omnipresent gamemeister– an unidentifiable animal with an unidentifiable accent wearing a white doctor’s coat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The better I do at tagging the red fish and ignoring the green ones, the more excited the doctor on screen gets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A-mazing!” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I get better at the game, my brain is being trained to ignore distractions and stay focused in real life. Or at least that’s the hypothesis of the neuroscientists who designed the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brain network that controls multitasking connects with networks that control memory and attention span. So by playing the game, some \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/03/06/new-ucsf-lab-studies-how-video-games-affect-our-brains/\">scientists believe\u003c/a> you can improve cognitive skills, and by extension, relieve a range of symptoms associated with attention deficit disorder, and other conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“There will definitely come a time when games are part of the overall treatment plan,” \u003ccite>Willis Gee, Cigna \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been through eight or nine completed clinical trials, in all cognitive disorders: ADHD, autism, depression,” says Matt Omernick, the executive creative director at Akili, the start-up in Larkspur that is developing the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As consumers download \u003ca href=\"http://gamesforhealth.org/\">mobile health games\u003c/a> at booming rates, Omernick and his team are taking a very different approach to their Silicon Valley counterparts in bringing their game to market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most start-ups have opted to market and sell their mobile weight loss games and diabetes trackers directly to consumers, Akili has decided to pursue the long, expensive, risky path of clinical trials through the Food and Drug Administration. If successful, their game would be the first to be approved for medical use by the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first time those three letters were uttered in a group setting everyone’s like, ‘Oooh, that’s scary, do we want to do that?’” recalls Omernick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If start-ups sidestep the FDA and sell directly to consumers, they can bring a game to market in six months. For Akili, it will take four years to get their game, Project Evo, through the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the start-up believes that will pay off. If the FDA gives its stamp of approval, doctors could prescribe the game. And that opens the door for insurance companies to pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1263\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-1263 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-800x600.png\" alt=\"Screen shot from the frozen world of Project: Evo. The game could be the first to be approved for medical use by the FDA. (Courtesy Akili)\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-800x600.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-400x300.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-768x576.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-320x240.png 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1.png 1003w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The frozen world of Project: Evo. The game could be the first to be approved for medical use by the FDA. (Courtesy Akili) \u003ccite>(Akili )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There will definitely come a time when games are part of the overall treatment plan,” says Willis Gee, Director of IT Strategy and Innovation at Cigna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health reform and the technology revolution have changed the competitive landscape for health insurance companies. Gee says they have to be more responsive to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tell us what they want,” he says, “and if we can’t satisfy that, they’ll go somewhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what consumers want are games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee says Cigna believes the explosive popularity in games could be harnessed to educate patients about medical issues and motive them to be more proactive about their health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think of an individual’s willingness to play Candy Crush or Angry Birds, they’re willing to do that,” he says. “It’s a very different approach, but it’s one that integrates into the lifestyle of individuals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“We had to look at ourselves and ask, okay are we really going to try to change medicine?”\u003ccite> Matt Omernick, Akili \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Omernick and his team believe the clinical results of Project Evo could have a profound effect on the health care system. They’re hoping the trials show that the game is so effective at improving attention span and other cognitive skills, that it may reduce, or even replace, the pills that kids need to take for ADHD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to look at ourselves and ask, okay are we really going to try to change medicine, yes or no. And the answer was yes,” Omernick says. “And so you have to be as serious as you can about FDA approval and regulation across the board.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical companies are also keeping a close eye on the process. Pfizer is partnering with Akili on one of its clinical trials looking at Alzheimers diagnosis. Though the FDA approval process is grueling by gaming industry standards, it's a cakewalk compared to the time biotech companies invest in drug development. It takes most drugs ten years to get through the FDA process and could cost half a billion dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it could fail at the last step,” says Adam Gazzaley, a neuroscientist at the University of California-San Francisco and the creator of the prototype that became Project Evo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley says he is cautiously optimistic about how Project Evo will fare in FDA clinical trials. \u003ca href=\"http://www.apa.org/monitor/2014/02/video-game.aspx\">Research on other video games\u003c/a> for health has yielded mixed results – and inspired much internal debate among scientists. Some say the only thing these games make you better at is the game itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley’s research is seen as an exception in scientific communities. He tested his prototype of Project Evo on older adults and found that they showed measurable improvement on standard cognitive tests for working memory and focus – and the effects lasted six months after they stopped playing the game. That research was published in \u003ca href=\"http://gazzaleylab.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Anguera_Nature_2013-Video-game-training-enhances-cognitive-control-in-older-adults.pdf\">Nature in 2013\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clinical trials that Project Evo has undertaken to support its FDA application will determine if those results can be replicated for different age groups and to treat specific cognitive conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trials will also investigate if there are negative side effects of the game. It’s another concern raised by critics, that people sometimes get so hooked on games, they can’t stop playing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s true,” Gazzaley says. “We built these games to be highly engaging and immersive and some people respond to that type of interactivity with an addictive response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley says the scientists working on Project Evo are looking at ways to manage such negative side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The game locks out after a certain period of time. You play it for 20 minutes, and you can’t play it for another 24 hours,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley is watching closely to see what happens with the clinical trials for Project Evo. If it is approved by the FDA, he has another four games in development that he hopes will be next.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2015/04/20150406science.mp3\u003cbr>\nI’m driving through a frozen world, where the roads are paved in ice. As I swerve left to avoid a mini iceberg, a red fish flashes at the top of my screen. I’m supposed to tap all the red fish that pop up, but not the green fish or the blue birds. And I have to do this without crashing the car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Doing one thing at a time is easy, but doing them both at the same time is where the magic happens!” says the omnipresent gamemeister– an unidentifiable animal with an unidentifiable accent wearing a white doctor’s coat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The better I do at tagging the red fish and ignoring the green ones, the more excited the doctor on screen gets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A-mazing!” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I get better at the game, my brain is being trained to ignore distractions and stay focused in real life. Or at least that’s the hypothesis of the neuroscientists who designed the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The brain network that controls multitasking connects with networks that control memory and attention span. So by playing the game, some \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2014/03/06/new-ucsf-lab-studies-how-video-games-affect-our-brains/\">scientists believe\u003c/a> you can improve cognitive skills, and by extension, relieve a range of symptoms associated with attention deficit disorder, and other conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“There will definitely come a time when games are part of the overall treatment plan,” \u003ccite>Willis Gee, Cigna \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been through eight or nine completed clinical trials, in all cognitive disorders: ADHD, autism, depression,” says Matt Omernick, the executive creative director at Akili, the start-up in Larkspur that is developing the game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As consumers download \u003ca href=\"http://gamesforhealth.org/\">mobile health games\u003c/a> at booming rates, Omernick and his team are taking a very different approach to their Silicon Valley counterparts in bringing their game to market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most start-ups have opted to market and sell their mobile weight loss games and diabetes trackers directly to consumers, Akili has decided to pursue the long, expensive, risky path of clinical trials through the Food and Drug Administration. If successful, their game would be the first to be approved for medical use by the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The first time those three letters were uttered in a group setting everyone’s like, ‘Oooh, that’s scary, do we want to do that?’” recalls Omernick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If start-ups sidestep the FDA and sell directly to consumers, they can bring a game to market in six months. For Akili, it will take four years to get their game, Project Evo, through the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the start-up believes that will pay off. If the FDA gives its stamp of approval, doctors could prescribe the game. And that opens the door for insurance companies to pay for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1263\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-1263 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-800x600.png\" alt=\"Screen shot from the frozen world of Project: Evo. The game could be the first to be approved for medical use by the FDA. (Courtesy Akili)\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-800x600.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-400x300.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-768x576.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1-320x240.png 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/Health-games_1.png 1003w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The frozen world of Project: Evo. The game could be the first to be approved for medical use by the FDA. (Courtesy Akili) \u003ccite>(Akili )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There will definitely come a time when games are part of the overall treatment plan,” says Willis Gee, Director of IT Strategy and Innovation at Cigna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health reform and the technology revolution have changed the competitive landscape for health insurance companies. Gee says they have to be more responsive to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tell us what they want,” he says, “and if we can’t satisfy that, they’ll go somewhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what consumers want are games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gee says Cigna believes the explosive popularity in games could be harnessed to educate patients about medical issues and motive them to be more proactive about their health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think of an individual’s willingness to play Candy Crush or Angry Birds, they’re willing to do that,” he says. “It’s a very different approach, but it’s one that integrates into the lifestyle of individuals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“We had to look at ourselves and ask, okay are we really going to try to change medicine?”\u003ccite> Matt Omernick, Akili \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Omernick and his team believe the clinical results of Project Evo could have a profound effect on the health care system. They’re hoping the trials show that the game is so effective at improving attention span and other cognitive skills, that it may reduce, or even replace, the pills that kids need to take for ADHD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to look at ourselves and ask, okay are we really going to try to change medicine, yes or no. And the answer was yes,” Omernick says. “And so you have to be as serious as you can about FDA approval and regulation across the board.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pharmaceutical companies are also keeping a close eye on the process. Pfizer is partnering with Akili on one of its clinical trials looking at Alzheimers diagnosis. Though the FDA approval process is grueling by gaming industry standards, it's a cakewalk compared to the time biotech companies invest in drug development. It takes most drugs ten years to get through the FDA process and could cost half a billion dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And it could fail at the last step,” says Adam Gazzaley, a neuroscientist at the University of California-San Francisco and the creator of the prototype that became Project Evo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley says he is cautiously optimistic about how Project Evo will fare in FDA clinical trials. \u003ca href=\"http://www.apa.org/monitor/2014/02/video-game.aspx\">Research on other video games\u003c/a> for health has yielded mixed results – and inspired much internal debate among scientists. Some say the only thing these games make you better at is the game itself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley’s research is seen as an exception in scientific communities. He tested his prototype of Project Evo on older adults and found that they showed measurable improvement on standard cognitive tests for working memory and focus – and the effects lasted six months after they stopped playing the game. That research was published in \u003ca href=\"http://gazzaleylab.ucsf.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Anguera_Nature_2013-Video-game-training-enhances-cognitive-control-in-older-adults.pdf\">Nature in 2013\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clinical trials that Project Evo has undertaken to support its FDA application will determine if those results can be replicated for different age groups and to treat specific cognitive conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trials will also investigate if there are negative side effects of the game. It’s another concern raised by critics, that people sometimes get so hooked on games, they can’t stop playing them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s true,” Gazzaley says. “We built these games to be highly engaging and immersive and some people respond to that type of interactivity with an addictive response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley says the scientists working on Project Evo are looking at ways to manage such negative side effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The game locks out after a certain period of time. You play it for 20 minutes, and you can’t play it for another 24 hours,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gazzaley is watching closely to see what happens with the clinical trials for Project Evo. If it is approved by the FDA, he has another four games in development that he hopes will be next.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Ancestry Uses a Drop of Saliva to Find Your Relatives From Centuries Ago",
"title": "Ancestry Uses a Drop of Saliva to Find Your Relatives From Centuries Ago",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>By submitting a sample of your DNA, you can now learn about your ancestors from generations ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://ancestry.com\">Ancestry.com\u003c/a>-owned company called \u003ca href=\"http://dna.ancestry.com/\">AncestryDNA\u003c/a> released a product this week that it claims can provide glimpses into the lives of your distant descendants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In exchange for a drop of spit, about 30 percent of Ancestry's customers can access details about their probable long-lost relatives, including their hometown, their criminal record and potentially even their cause of death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Previously, the company has been offering a $99 DNA kit, which breaks down consumer's ethnicity and provides links to living relatives. But now the company is trying to go back several generations into the past. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the millions of people who are addicted to genealogical research, unlocking clues about family history is worthwhile in its own right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But AncestryDNA says its new product could prove to be useful for those who want to learn more about their own health. If the data is accurate, it might indicate a family history of a disease like breast cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you take the DNA test, there’s a decent chance you’ll learn something about your ancestors as far back as the eighteenth-century,” said Ancestry.com CEO Tim Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1196\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-1196 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg.jpg\" alt=\"Ancestry CEO Tim Sullivan \" width=\"600\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg-400x285.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg-320x228.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ancestry CEO Tim Sullivan is one of millions of people fascinated by genealogical research \u003ccite>(Ancestry)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Family health histories are a natural extension of this product,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AncestryDNA is already testing a web service that lets people aggregate their family medical histories online, Sullivan said. But it’s not available to everyone just yet, as the company is slowly rolling out this tool to a small group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is watching closely as DNA testing company \u003ca href=\"http://23andme.com\">23andMe\u003c/a>, based in Mountain View, pushes for regulatory approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for its home DNA tests. AncestryDNA may release a similar service that determines people’s propensity for a whole battery of diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finding Your Roots\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How is AncestryDNA tracing people’s family histories – no genealogical research required?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its geneticists are making connections between living people, like second or third cousins, who have submitted their DNA samples. Once that happens, a new customer who hasn’t submitted any genealogical information can learn more about their \"new\" relative's family tree, and glean information pulled from death records and other sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ancestry’s geneticists say this technique is effective enough to \"retroactively\" link people back to descendants who lived hundreds of years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1193\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 455px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-1193\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone.jpg\" alt=\"AncestryDNA's product manager Kenny Freestone finds a link to a long-lost relative\" width=\"455\" height=\"403\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone.jpg 2724w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-400x354.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-678x600.jpg 678w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-1180x1045.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-768x680.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-320x283.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">AncestryDNA's product manager Kenny Freestone finds a link to a long-lost relative \u003ccite>(Christina Farr/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company’s product manager, Kenny Freestone, demonstrated this week how it’s done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freestone's DNA sample connected him to a distant ancestor, a bearded fellow named Ebenezer Hunter, who was born in Scotland in 1831. Ancestry.com gathered information about Hunter from over 140 people’s family trees, as well as census records and other publicly available information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freestone discovered that his ancestor was a polygamist who sired 25 children; he also learned some basic facts about how he died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some genetics experts say products like these have enormous potential for health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple of other labs have already tried to make these huge family trees using big databases,” said Alexandre Bolze, a geneticist and postdoctoral researcher at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is useful to understanding how genetics influenced certain traits, like height. Not everything is caused by genetics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others caution that it’s a challenge to determine if historical information is accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back three or four generations, it’s going to be hard for a researcher to know whether you are descended from George Smith, the oldest of the family, or any of the other sons,” said Hank Greely, a director at the Center for Law and Biosciences at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company is going to need an awful lot of family members' DNA to determine with a high degree of probability how closely you're related to a distant ancestor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greeley points out that it’s difficult for researchers to ascertain how long-lost relatives died, as reports are often inconclusive. Even 50 years ago, medical reports tended to be far more vague, citing things like “fever” or “cancer” as the cause of death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is worth informing your doctor if you learn that you have a family history of disease going back three or four generations, Greeley said, but it’s not cause for panic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s difficult to imagine that this information would be powerful enough to raise any immediate personal health concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>By submitting a sample of your DNA, you can now learn about your ancestors from generations ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"http://ancestry.com\">Ancestry.com\u003c/a>-owned company called \u003ca href=\"http://dna.ancestry.com/\">AncestryDNA\u003c/a> released a product this week that it claims can provide glimpses into the lives of your distant descendants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In exchange for a drop of spit, about 30 percent of Ancestry's customers can access details about their probable long-lost relatives, including their hometown, their criminal record and potentially even their cause of death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003cspan class=\"s1\">Previously, the company has been offering a $99 DNA kit, which breaks down consumer's ethnicity and provides links to living relatives. But now the company is trying to go back several generations into the past. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the millions of people who are addicted to genealogical research, unlocking clues about family history is worthwhile in its own right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But AncestryDNA says its new product could prove to be useful for those who want to learn more about their own health. If the data is accurate, it might indicate a family history of a disease like breast cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you take the DNA test, there’s a decent chance you’ll learn something about your ancestors as far back as the eighteenth-century,” said Ancestry.com CEO Tim Sullivan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1196\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-1196 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg.jpg\" alt=\"Ancestry CEO Tim Sullivan \" width=\"600\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg-400x285.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/sullivan-lg-320x228.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ancestry CEO Tim Sullivan is one of millions of people fascinated by genealogical research \u003ccite>(Ancestry)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Family health histories are a natural extension of this product,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AncestryDNA is already testing a web service that lets people aggregate their family medical histories online, Sullivan said. But it’s not available to everyone just yet, as the company is slowly rolling out this tool to a small group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is watching closely as DNA testing company \u003ca href=\"http://23andme.com\">23andMe\u003c/a>, based in Mountain View, pushes for regulatory approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for its home DNA tests. AncestryDNA may release a similar service that determines people’s propensity for a whole battery of diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finding Your Roots\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How is AncestryDNA tracing people’s family histories – no genealogical research required?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its geneticists are making connections between living people, like second or third cousins, who have submitted their DNA samples. Once that happens, a new customer who hasn’t submitted any genealogical information can learn more about their \"new\" relative's family tree, and glean information pulled from death records and other sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ancestry’s geneticists say this technique is effective enough to \"retroactively\" link people back to descendants who lived hundreds of years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1193\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 455px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-1193\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone.jpg\" alt=\"AncestryDNA's product manager Kenny Freestone finds a link to a long-lost relative\" width=\"455\" height=\"403\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone.jpg 2724w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-400x354.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-678x600.jpg 678w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-1180x1045.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-768x680.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/04/kenny-freestone-320x283.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">AncestryDNA's product manager Kenny Freestone finds a link to a long-lost relative \u003ccite>(Christina Farr/ KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The company’s product manager, Kenny Freestone, demonstrated this week how it’s done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freestone's DNA sample connected him to a distant ancestor, a bearded fellow named Ebenezer Hunter, who was born in Scotland in 1831. Ancestry.com gathered information about Hunter from over 140 people’s family trees, as well as census records and other publicly available information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freestone discovered that his ancestor was a polygamist who sired 25 children; he also learned some basic facts about how he died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some genetics experts say products like these have enormous potential for health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple of other labs have already tried to make these huge family trees using big databases,” said Alexandre Bolze, a geneticist and postdoctoral researcher at UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is useful to understanding how genetics influenced certain traits, like height. Not everything is caused by genetics.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others caution that it’s a challenge to determine if historical information is accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back three or four generations, it’s going to be hard for a researcher to know whether you are descended from George Smith, the oldest of the family, or any of the other sons,” said Hank Greely, a director at the Center for Law and Biosciences at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The company is going to need an awful lot of family members' DNA to determine with a high degree of probability how closely you're related to a distant ancestor.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greeley points out that it’s difficult for researchers to ascertain how long-lost relatives died, as reports are often inconclusive. Even 50 years ago, medical reports tended to be far more vague, citing things like “fever” or “cancer” as the cause of death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is worth informing your doctor if you learn that you have a family history of disease going back three or four generations, Greeley said, but it’s not cause for panic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s difficult to imagine that this information would be powerful enough to raise any immediate personal health concerns.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Brain researchers are joining forces with computer hackers to tackle a big challenge in neuroscience: teaching computers how to tell a healthy neuron from a sick one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sick neurons have a withered appearance, much like a sick plant has a withered appearance,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.alleninstitute.org/our-institute/our-team/profiles/jane-roskams/\">Jane Roskams\u003c/a>, an executive director at the Allen Institute for Brain Science. But at the moment, she says, highly trained scientists are still better than computers at assessing a neuron just by looking at its shape, which resembles a tree that can have thousands of branches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automating the analysis of single neurons could greatly speed up the process, allowing analysis of thousands of cells. A standardized, computer-based system also would make it easier for researchers to compare results and allow more labs to study how the shape of neurons is changed by everything from learning to Alzheimer's disease, Roskams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the institute has launched \u003ca href=\"https://alleninstitute.org/bigneuron/about/\">BigNeuron\u003c/a>, a collaborative effort to improve the computer algorithms that turn microscope images of a neuron into a three-dimensional digital model and then analyze its shape. The effort will include a series of hackathons in which programmers and brain scientists get together to test their algorithms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So we have 15 to 20 people in a room,\" Roskams says. \"They each have their pet algorithm, and they're kind of racing each other.\" The first hackathon took place in Beijing in mid-March. Others are planned for the U.S. and the U.K.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At each event, participants are given access to supercomputers and high-quality images of many different kinds of neurons. The goal is to find the best algorithms. And those won't necessarily come from people who know a lot about the brain, Roskams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have incredibly talented young people who can code and program and begin to give meaning to some of the pictures that we've been taking in a way that many neuroscientists can't imagine doing,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The algorithms that emerge will be shared with scientists and even students around the world. Giving more people the ability to study neurons could help answer fundamental questions, like how the shape of a neuron changes throughout a person's lifetime, Roskams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We should be able to look within an aging brain and go, \"Wow, \u003cem>that's\u003c/em> why that person is so sharp and sprightly. Their neuron in this part of their brain looks exactly the same as a 20-year-old's,\" Roskams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, analyzing the complex shape of a neuron often requires a supercomputer. But one long-term goal of BigNeuron, Roskams says, is to create programs that a high school student could use on a laptop computer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Brain researchers are joining forces with computer hackers to tackle a big challenge in neuroscience: teaching computers how to tell a healthy neuron from a sick one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sick neurons have a withered appearance, much like a sick plant has a withered appearance,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.alleninstitute.org/our-institute/our-team/profiles/jane-roskams/\">Jane Roskams\u003c/a>, an executive director at the Allen Institute for Brain Science. But at the moment, she says, highly trained scientists are still better than computers at assessing a neuron just by looking at its shape, which resembles a tree that can have thousands of branches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Automating the analysis of single neurons could greatly speed up the process, allowing analysis of thousands of cells. A standardized, computer-based system also would make it easier for researchers to compare results and allow more labs to study how the shape of neurons is changed by everything from learning to Alzheimer's disease, Roskams says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the institute has launched \u003ca href=\"https://alleninstitute.org/bigneuron/about/\">BigNeuron\u003c/a>, a collaborative effort to improve the computer algorithms that turn microscope images of a neuron into a three-dimensional digital model and then analyze its shape. The effort will include a series of hackathons in which programmers and brain scientists get together to test their algorithms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So we have 15 to 20 people in a room,\" Roskams says. \"They each have their pet algorithm, and they're kind of racing each other.\" The first hackathon took place in Beijing in mid-March. Others are planned for the U.S. and the U.K.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Steven VanRoekel has dedicated his career to developing and communicating complex technologies, whether at Microsoft or the federal government. But this past Fall, he faced his biggest challenge yet: To use the simplest technology available to help combat the Ebola epidemic in West Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September of 2014, VanRoekel left his post as Chief Information Officer (CIO) at the White House to join USAID, the government agency responsible for administering aid to civilians overseas. VanRoekel was charged with coordinating the U.S. government's response to the Ebola outbreak. He worked at USAID until mid-March, when he \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/capitalbusiness/steven-vanroekel-steps-down-from-usaid/2015/03/19/69c3e666-ce5d-11e4-a2a7-9517a3a70506_story.html\">announced that he would be leaving \u003c/a>to spend more time with family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he first took on the job, the Ebola crisis seemed to have no end in sight. Today, rates of new infections are starting to wind down. New Ebola cases continue to be reported in Guinea and Sierra Leone, but the situation has vastly improved in Liberia, where no confirmed cases have been reported in over a month. In about a year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/\">the disease has claimed over 10,000 lives in West Africa\u003c/a>, making it the largest Ebola epidemic in history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sat down with VanRoekel at the tech conference SXSW in Austin, Texas earlier this month and asked him about his experience using simple technologies to fight Ebola in West Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can you recall what it was like to fly into the midst of an Ebola outbreak when you first visited West Africa?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1012\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-1012\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ.jpg\" alt=\"Steven VanRoekel speaking at SXSW in Austin, Tx. \" width=\"337\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-320x320.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 337px) 100vw, 337px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steven VanRoekel speaking at SXSW in Austin, Tx. \u003ccite>(Jessica Bolaños Vanegas / Goodspero)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My first visit to West Africa during the midst of the crisis was a trip to neighboring Ghana to attend a two-day planning session with the United Nations. Ghana had not seen a case of Ebola at that time, but you could feel the fear in the air. My next trip, a few weeks later, was to Monrovia, Liberia. There were active cases in the city, Ebola Treatment Units on the way to the city from the airport, and the precautions were even more intense. You had to wash your hands in bleach water before entering any establishment, including restaurants, hotels and meeting places, have your temperature taken, and there was no physical contact of any kind. It is pretty weird when you meet someone to not shake their hand, but that was the norm in Liberia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Liberia we were all in it together, so there was really no stigma to this behavior. The stigma really came flying back to the States. The airline employees all wore rubber gloves and you could tell they were afraid to be working around you. The customs people in the United States were terrific, as were the public health officials, but you had this real fear for three weeks that you may have somehow contracted Ebola. We now know that it is much harder to transmit than we all thought in the early Fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Were new consumer technologies, like virtual conferencing services for doctors or health tracking wearables, relevant in this crisis?\u003c/h2>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“You had to wash your hands in bleach water before entering any establishment\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Steven VanRoekel, former White House and USAID executive\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>You're lucky if you get a 2G connection in some parts of West Africa. We did set up call centers, so we could provide communication tools at scale. We also did work with communication technology providers in the region, like Facebook's nonprofit Internet.org and [Microsoft cofounder] Paul Allen. We also talked to Google, which is doing work around '\u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/loon/\">launchable' communications services like Project Loon. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for wearables, they can also be very applicable, but more so in the care setting -- both for monitoring patients as well as monitoring health workers. This did not play a big role in the epidemic, but we made advances in this space, \u003ca href=\"http://mashable.com/2015/03/14/smart-band-aid-ebola/\">like this smart band\u003c/a>, that will be applicable to future crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In Africa, mobile phone usage has been exploding. How did your team take advantage of the new opportunities for SMS communications?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The growth of mobile in remote parts of the world, including West Africa, has been profound in the last decade. You can certainly find at least a few people who have a phone in very remote areas. These phones are typically simple voice and text phones, not smart devices, and there is a booming business model around pay-as-you-go services. People visit these little wooden kiosks in their village and buy a “scratch card” that gives them a code for minutes on their phones. Where mobile comes into play in this environment is the use of minimally-viable solutions, namely using voice and SMS to both communicate out, like messaging to people what symptoms to look for or how to get help, as well as to provide services where people can report cases. There is a wonderful emerging suite of tools that exist to do this data collection. One of the coolest is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mhero.org/mHero\">MHERO\u003c/a> suite created by UNICEF.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Speaking of communications challenges, how were you able to pull together patient records and track the spread of the disease?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>That's what a big part of our work was about. When I started, we had a lot of confusion in the field because case loads were going up so rapidly. What we did -- and by 'we', I mean the global response teams -- was to kick off an effort to get data harmonized and make it operational. During my first trip to Liberia, we worked with the health ministry to create a structure where people in the field could manually collect data.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How would that work in practice?\u003c/h2>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"In Liberia we were all in it together. The stigma really came flying back to the States.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Steven VanRoekel, former White House, USAID executive\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>We trained 10,000 people to collect data in paper formats, until it got to the \u003ca href=\"http://liberiamohsw.org/\">Ministry of Health in Liberia\u003c/a>. Our health workers would answer questions like, 'Are they probable or confirmed?' What are the symptoms?' Who have they been in contact with?' We then looked at the trends to find correlations like whether more men were getting it than women, or whether there was any correlation with the sex trade. Every day at around 4.30pm, we held a situation meeting where this data would be presented and argued about. We asked, 'What was the story behind the numbers?' We learned that about 70 percent of those who got infected were touching dead bodies. You're most infectious when you die. But there are cultural practices about hugging a loved one after they had passed. We had to get the word out.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where does this effort go from here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We need this data to continue to flow. We hope this is a model for the U.S. and other countries where some health data is trapped. Our vision is that by having open medical data systems that work across the vast variability of the operating environment, including a low- or no-connectivity dirt floor clinic with illiterate staff. You could create a world where you would not only have early warnings of issues arising in remote areas, but you could address those quickly and stop disease before it becomes a crisis. USAID is working on convening the community to make this a reality in West Africa and hopefully a platform for bio-surveillance around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been condensed and edited for brevity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>It is the first in an occasional Q&A series for KQED's Future of You, where we interview influential people working at the intersection of healthcare and technology.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Steven VanRoekel has dedicated his career to developing and communicating complex technologies, whether at Microsoft or the federal government. But this past Fall, he faced his biggest challenge yet: To use the simplest technology available to help combat the Ebola epidemic in West Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September of 2014, VanRoekel left his post as Chief Information Officer (CIO) at the White House to join USAID, the government agency responsible for administering aid to civilians overseas. VanRoekel was charged with coordinating the U.S. government's response to the Ebola outbreak. He worked at USAID until mid-March, when he \u003ca href=\"http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/capitalbusiness/steven-vanroekel-steps-down-from-usaid/2015/03/19/69c3e666-ce5d-11e4-a2a7-9517a3a70506_story.html\">announced that he would be leaving \u003c/a>to spend more time with family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he first took on the job, the Ebola crisis seemed to have no end in sight. Today, rates of new infections are starting to wind down. New Ebola cases continue to be reported in Guinea and Sierra Leone, but the situation has vastly improved in Liberia, where no confirmed cases have been reported in over a month. In about a year, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/\">the disease has claimed over 10,000 lives in West Africa\u003c/a>, making it the largest Ebola epidemic in history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sat down with VanRoekel at the tech conference SXSW in Austin, Texas earlier this month and asked him about his experience using simple technologies to fight Ebola in West Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can you recall what it was like to fly into the midst of an Ebola outbreak when you first visited West Africa?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1012\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-1012\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ.jpg\" alt=\"Steven VanRoekel speaking at SXSW in Austin, Tx. \" width=\"337\" height=\"337\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-400x400.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-320x320.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-32x32.jpg 32w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-64x64.jpg 64w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-96x96.jpg 96w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-128x128.jpg 128w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/CAAcusnVEAA_6jQ-75x75.jpg 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 337px) 100vw, 337px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steven VanRoekel speaking at SXSW in Austin, Tx. \u003ccite>(Jessica Bolaños Vanegas / Goodspero)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>My first visit to West Africa during the midst of the crisis was a trip to neighboring Ghana to attend a two-day planning session with the United Nations. Ghana had not seen a case of Ebola at that time, but you could feel the fear in the air. My next trip, a few weeks later, was to Monrovia, Liberia. There were active cases in the city, Ebola Treatment Units on the way to the city from the airport, and the precautions were even more intense. You had to wash your hands in bleach water before entering any establishment, including restaurants, hotels and meeting places, have your temperature taken, and there was no physical contact of any kind. It is pretty weird when you meet someone to not shake their hand, but that was the norm in Liberia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Liberia we were all in it together, so there was really no stigma to this behavior. The stigma really came flying back to the States. The airline employees all wore rubber gloves and you could tell they were afraid to be working around you. The customs people in the United States were terrific, as were the public health officials, but you had this real fear for three weeks that you may have somehow contracted Ebola. We now know that it is much harder to transmit than we all thought in the early Fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Were new consumer technologies, like virtual conferencing services for doctors or health tracking wearables, relevant in this crisis?\u003c/h2>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“You had to wash your hands in bleach water before entering any establishment\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Steven VanRoekel, former White House and USAID executive\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>You're lucky if you get a 2G connection in some parts of West Africa. We did set up call centers, so we could provide communication tools at scale. We also did work with communication technology providers in the region, like Facebook's nonprofit Internet.org and [Microsoft cofounder] Paul Allen. We also talked to Google, which is doing work around '\u003ca href=\"http://www.google.com/loon/\">launchable' communications services like Project Loon. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for wearables, they can also be very applicable, but more so in the care setting -- both for monitoring patients as well as monitoring health workers. This did not play a big role in the epidemic, but we made advances in this space, \u003ca href=\"http://mashable.com/2015/03/14/smart-band-aid-ebola/\">like this smart band\u003c/a>, that will be applicable to future crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In Africa, mobile phone usage has been exploding. How did your team take advantage of the new opportunities for SMS communications?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The growth of mobile in remote parts of the world, including West Africa, has been profound in the last decade. You can certainly find at least a few people who have a phone in very remote areas. These phones are typically simple voice and text phones, not smart devices, and there is a booming business model around pay-as-you-go services. People visit these little wooden kiosks in their village and buy a “scratch card” that gives them a code for minutes on their phones. Where mobile comes into play in this environment is the use of minimally-viable solutions, namely using voice and SMS to both communicate out, like messaging to people what symptoms to look for or how to get help, as well as to provide services where people can report cases. There is a wonderful emerging suite of tools that exist to do this data collection. One of the coolest is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mhero.org/mHero\">MHERO\u003c/a> suite created by UNICEF.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Speaking of communications challenges, how were you able to pull together patient records and track the spread of the disease?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>That's what a big part of our work was about. When I started, we had a lot of confusion in the field because case loads were going up so rapidly. What we did -- and by 'we', I mean the global response teams -- was to kick off an effort to get data harmonized and make it operational. During my first trip to Liberia, we worked with the health ministry to create a structure where people in the field could manually collect data.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How would that work in practice?\u003c/h2>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">\"In Liberia we were all in it together. The stigma really came flying back to the States.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Steven VanRoekel, former White House, USAID executive\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>We trained 10,000 people to collect data in paper formats, until it got to the \u003ca href=\"http://liberiamohsw.org/\">Ministry of Health in Liberia\u003c/a>. Our health workers would answer questions like, 'Are they probable or confirmed?' What are the symptoms?' Who have they been in contact with?' We then looked at the trends to find correlations like whether more men were getting it than women, or whether there was any correlation with the sex trade. Every day at around 4.30pm, we held a situation meeting where this data would be presented and argued about. We asked, 'What was the story behind the numbers?' We learned that about 70 percent of those who got infected were touching dead bodies. You're most infectious when you die. But there are cultural practices about hugging a loved one after they had passed. We had to get the word out.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where does this effort go from here?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We need this data to continue to flow. We hope this is a model for the U.S. and other countries where some health data is trapped. Our vision is that by having open medical data systems that work across the vast variability of the operating environment, including a low- or no-connectivity dirt floor clinic with illiterate staff. You could create a world where you would not only have early warnings of issues arising in remote areas, but you could address those quickly and stop disease before it becomes a crisis. USAID is working on convening the community to make this a reality in West Africa and hopefully a platform for bio-surveillance around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been condensed and edited for brevity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Robotic Surgeons on the Horizon From Google, Johnson & Johnson Team",
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"content": "\u003cp>Your surgeon's favorite new assistant? A robotic arm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may seem like the stuff of science fiction, but nimble robot hands are routinely used by surgeons in complex surgeries today. The field has grown dramatically in recent years, with hospitals around the country performing thousands of robot-assisted surgeries every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, search giant Google is trying its hand at surgical robotics by teaming up with \u003ca href=\"http://www.ethicon.com/\">Ethicon,\u003c/a> a subsidiary of medical giant \u003ca href=\"http://www.jnj.com/\">Johnson & Johnson.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.jnj.com/news/all/Johnson-Johnson-Announces-Definitive-Agreement-To-Collaborate-With-Google-To-Advance-Surgical-Robotics\">In a news announcement on Friday\u003c/a>, the companies said they would share resources and expertise to create a \"robotic-assisted surgical platform\" to develop new tools and capabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unlikely that Google will develop any surgical hardware of its own. But it's software could certainly prove useful to enhance robot surgeries, with more advanced imaging sensors, cameras and monitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may seem odd that an Internet search company is looking into surgical robotics. But Google has been exploring opportunities in the medical sector since 2008, when it introduced its ill-fated Google Health initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Google's research arm, Google X, has a small but fast-growing team of experts drawn from the biotech and Life Sciences world, who are working on projects like a \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/leoking/2014/07/15/google-smart-contact-lens-focuses-on-healthcare-billions/\">glucose-monitoring contact lens. \u003c/a> Its futuristic hardware, Google Glass, has already been used in the operating theater. \u003ca href=\"http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/06/01/google-glass-enters-the-operating-room/\">Surgeons use it to record procedures or live-stream \u003c/a>feeds of operations to medical professionals in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Google, the partnership presents an opportunity to bring innovative technology to hospitals and improve its brand in health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surgical robotics is an increasingly attractive field for both health and technology companies, as it can increase surgical accuracy and access. And patients often experience less scarring, trauma and a shorter recovery time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Top hospitals, like NYU Langone, \u003ca href=\"http://nyulangone.org/locations/robotic-surgery-center\">have been using robots for about a decade \u003c/a>for a long list of surgical procedures, including lung and cardiac surgeries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But surgical robotics hasn't been without its critics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, \u003ca href=\"http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/09/new-concerns-on-robotic-surgeries/?_r=0\">reports have pointed to a rising number of botched surgeries\u003c/a>, resulting from robot-assisted surgeries. This has led to fears that doctors are under too much pressure to use robots in surgery, but haven't been adequately trained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts have called for increased monitoring and a more thorough evaluation into the benefits and drawbacks of surgical robotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concerns aside, other companies in the space say Google's involvement is an indication that surgical robotics is poised to explode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunnyvale based \u003ca href=\"http://www.intuitivesurgical.com/\">Intuitive Surgical\u003c/a>, one of the best known companies selling surgical robots, said this announcement demonstrates that computer-assisted surgery \"won't sit on the sidelines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Computer-assisted surgery will continue to flourish around the globe and competitors have been expected,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Watch a TED talk below, featuring Intuitive Surgical's Catherine Mohr, for more information on robot-assisted surgery.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIICVeGW4RY]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Your surgeon's favorite new assistant? A robotic arm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may seem like the stuff of science fiction, but nimble robot hands are routinely used by surgeons in complex surgeries today. The field has grown dramatically in recent years, with hospitals around the country performing thousands of robot-assisted surgeries every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And now, search giant Google is trying its hand at surgical robotics by teaming up with \u003ca href=\"http://www.ethicon.com/\">Ethicon,\u003c/a> a subsidiary of medical giant \u003ca href=\"http://www.jnj.com/\">Johnson & Johnson.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.jnj.com/news/all/Johnson-Johnson-Announces-Definitive-Agreement-To-Collaborate-With-Google-To-Advance-Surgical-Robotics\">In a news announcement on Friday\u003c/a>, the companies said they would share resources and expertise to create a \"robotic-assisted surgical platform\" to develop new tools and capabilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's unlikely that Google will develop any surgical hardware of its own. But it's software could certainly prove useful to enhance robot surgeries, with more advanced imaging sensors, cameras and monitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may seem odd that an Internet search company is looking into surgical robotics. But Google has been exploring opportunities in the medical sector since 2008, when it introduced its ill-fated Google Health initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Google's research arm, Google X, has a small but fast-growing team of experts drawn from the biotech and Life Sciences world, who are working on projects like a \u003ca href=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/leoking/2014/07/15/google-smart-contact-lens-focuses-on-healthcare-billions/\">glucose-monitoring contact lens. \u003c/a> Its futuristic hardware, Google Glass, has already been used in the operating theater. \u003ca href=\"http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/06/01/google-glass-enters-the-operating-room/\">Surgeons use it to record procedures or live-stream \u003c/a>feeds of operations to medical professionals in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Google, the partnership presents an opportunity to bring innovative technology to hospitals and improve its brand in health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Surgical robotics is an increasingly attractive field for both health and technology companies, as it can increase surgical accuracy and access. And patients often experience less scarring, trauma and a shorter recovery time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Top hospitals, like NYU Langone, \u003ca href=\"http://nyulangone.org/locations/robotic-surgery-center\">have been using robots for about a decade \u003c/a>for a long list of surgical procedures, including lung and cardiac surgeries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But surgical robotics hasn't been without its critics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, \u003ca href=\"http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/09/09/new-concerns-on-robotic-surgeries/?_r=0\">reports have pointed to a rising number of botched surgeries\u003c/a>, resulting from robot-assisted surgeries. This has led to fears that doctors are under too much pressure to use robots in surgery, but haven't been adequately trained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts have called for increased monitoring and a more thorough evaluation into the benefits and drawbacks of surgical robotics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concerns aside, other companies in the space say Google's involvement is an indication that surgical robotics is poised to explode.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunnyvale based \u003ca href=\"http://www.intuitivesurgical.com/\">Intuitive Surgical\u003c/a>, one of the best known companies selling surgical robots, said this announcement demonstrates that computer-assisted surgery \"won't sit on the sidelines.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Computer-assisted surgery will continue to flourish around the globe and competitors have been expected,\" the company said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Watch a TED talk below, featuring Intuitive Surgical's Catherine Mohr, for more information on robot-assisted surgery.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/fIICVeGW4RY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/fIICVeGW4RY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>From more than 900 miles away, Kpetermeni Siakor helped get volunteers to the right neighborhoods in his native Liberia during the height of the Ebola epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He did it with \u003ca href=\"http://www.ushahidi.com/\">Ushahidi\u003c/a>, crowdsourcing software that was developed in Kenya in 2008, when the country experienced a wave of post-election violence. The word Ushahidi means testimony in Swahili.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The government had shut down internet connections and radio stations, so Ushahidi was born out of the need to let people know what is happening,\" says Siakor, 26. He's a computer science student at \u003ca href=\"http://www.ashesi.edu.gh/\">Ashesi University College\u003c/a> in Accra, Ghana, and receives financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://mastercardfdnscholars.org/\">MasterCard Foundation Scholars Program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its infancy, citizen journalists would map violent incidents and peace efforts on Ushahidi. Siakor worked with a team that used the software following similarly contentious elections in Liberia in 2011. Afterward, his colleagues continued to run a technology hub in Monrovia called \u003ca href=\"http://ilabliberia.org/\">iLab Liberia\u003c/a> to develop technology knowledge. When Ebola broke out, they already had a perfect tool to share data and aid emergency responders in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's how it worked. Siakor and his team assigned volunteers to the emergency dispatch unit in Liberia, which would receive phone calls from the public reporting any possible Ebola cases. The volunteers would enter details into the Ushahidi system. So the Ministry of Health could see the documents in real-time, as volunteers updated the database. Before using Ushahidi, it took five days or more to get reports on the Ebola cases to the Ministry of Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the team collected information about where people were contracting Ebola and where they were being treated, they could use that data to map Liberia's health centers and redistribute supplies. \"There were some organizations that were dividing supplies like chlorine and gloves to various health centers,\" explains Siakor. Because he could track where Ebola patients were and where they were receiving treatment, he could help direct supplies and volunteers to where they were needed most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While he was managing Liberia's Ebola response from afar, Siakor worried about his family, who live just outside Monrovia. \"They ended up comforting me,\" he says. \"Whenever I called home they kept saying, 'Why are you so worried? People are fine!'\" Even though there is health center nearby, no one in the community was infected with Ebola. \"I'm really really grateful that none of them got infected,\" says Siakor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From friends and family, he hears things are different at home since Ebola broke out a year ago. \"My dad tells me that if you go to town you might come back with totally bleached hands because you wash your hands [with chlorine solution] in every office you enter,\" says Siakor. The pace of development, which was accelerating before Ebola, seems to have come to a complete halt. It doesn't help that many businesses and schools closed during the outbreak. \"Generally the very high spirits that you typically find on the streets in Liberia, you don't hear that anymore,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siakor thinks that the best way to move forward is to rebuild basic health services in Liberia. And not by bringing in international groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People were just waiting for help to come from outside,\" says Siakor. \"That just left the entire country vulnerable.\" He wants Liberia to be able to help itself. \"Ebola has shown that we need to start looking at local solutions,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Did+Ebola+Volunteers+Know+Where+To+Go+In+Liberia%3F+Crowdsourcing%21&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>From more than 900 miles away, Kpetermeni Siakor helped get volunteers to the right neighborhoods in his native Liberia during the height of the Ebola epidemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He did it with \u003ca href=\"http://www.ushahidi.com/\">Ushahidi\u003c/a>, crowdsourcing software that was developed in Kenya in 2008, when the country experienced a wave of post-election violence. The word Ushahidi means testimony in Swahili.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The government had shut down internet connections and radio stations, so Ushahidi was born out of the need to let people know what is happening,\" says Siakor, 26. He's a computer science student at \u003ca href=\"http://www.ashesi.edu.gh/\">Ashesi University College\u003c/a> in Accra, Ghana, and receives financial support from the \u003ca href=\"http://mastercardfdnscholars.org/\">MasterCard Foundation Scholars Program\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In its infancy, citizen journalists would map violent incidents and peace efforts on Ushahidi. Siakor worked with a team that used the software following similarly contentious elections in Liberia in 2011. Afterward, his colleagues continued to run a technology hub in Monrovia called \u003ca href=\"http://ilabliberia.org/\">iLab Liberia\u003c/a> to develop technology knowledge. When Ebola broke out, they already had a perfect tool to share data and aid emergency responders in real time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's how it worked. Siakor and his team assigned volunteers to the emergency dispatch unit in Liberia, which would receive phone calls from the public reporting any possible Ebola cases. The volunteers would enter details into the Ushahidi system. So the Ministry of Health could see the documents in real-time, as volunteers updated the database. Before using Ushahidi, it took five days or more to get reports on the Ebola cases to the Ministry of Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the team collected information about where people were contracting Ebola and where they were being treated, they could use that data to map Liberia's health centers and redistribute supplies. \"There were some organizations that were dividing supplies like chlorine and gloves to various health centers,\" explains Siakor. Because he could track where Ebola patients were and where they were receiving treatment, he could help direct supplies and volunteers to where they were needed most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While he was managing Liberia's Ebola response from afar, Siakor worried about his family, who live just outside Monrovia. \"They ended up comforting me,\" he says. \"Whenever I called home they kept saying, 'Why are you so worried? People are fine!'\" Even though there is health center nearby, no one in the community was infected with Ebola. \"I'm really really grateful that none of them got infected,\" says Siakor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From friends and family, he hears things are different at home since Ebola broke out a year ago. \"My dad tells me that if you go to town you might come back with totally bleached hands because you wash your hands [with chlorine solution] in every office you enter,\" says Siakor. The pace of development, which was accelerating before Ebola, seems to have come to a complete halt. It doesn't help that many businesses and schools closed during the outbreak. \"Generally the very high spirits that you typically find on the streets in Liberia, you don't hear that anymore,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Siakor thinks that the best way to move forward is to rebuild basic health services in Liberia. And not by bringing in international groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People were just waiting for help to come from outside,\" says Siakor. \"That just left the entire country vulnerable.\" He wants Liberia to be able to help itself. \"Ebola has shown that we need to start looking at local solutions,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+Did+Ebola+Volunteers+Know+Where+To+Go+In+Liberia%3F+Crowdsourcing%21&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\" alt=\"\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "What Digital Health Lacks: Female CEOs",
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"content": "\u003cp>Health care is undergoing major technological changes, from an explosion of consumer tools used to access medical information to advancements in genetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the booming health-tech economy, just like in the health care industry at large, this transformation is primarily being led by men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just 6 percent of digital health startups that have raised at least $2 million in capital in the past four years are led by women. That's according to data compiled by early-stage venture fund \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"http://www.slideshare.net/RockHealth/the-state-of-women-in-healthcare-2015/1\">a report released on Monday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Digital health sits at the intersection between new technologies, health care and medicine. In Silicon Valley, investors are increasingly opening their checkbooks to startups that are attempting to disrupt the health care system, not unlike how the Internet changed banking and commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“The problem here is clearly not expertise or interest from female CEOs.”\u003ccite> Kyra Davis,UCSF Entrepreneurship Center program manager\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But relatively few women are gaining funding for their startup ideas. And the percentage hasn't improved much in recent years, despite the swell of media attention on the topic and the explosion of women-in-tech networking groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some investors say it's simply more difficult to fund women in health-technology, as the pool is still so small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are too few female founders who are taking the risk in starting a company, especially for moms that need to support a family,\" said Missy Krasner, a former digital health investor at \u003ca href=\"http://www.canvas.vc/\">Canvas Venture Fund\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kranser said she actively sought out female founders to meet and potentially fund but \"there were just not a lot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who do take the plunge, female mentors and role models in health care are hard to come by, said Rock Health's Teresa Wang, author of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making matters worse, some female entrepreneurs in Rock Health's network have experienced a gender-based bias when pitching venture capitalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of venture firms in Silicon Valley do not have a single female partner in their ranks (a few notable exceptions who invest in digital health: Rebecca Lynn at Canvas Venture Fund and Beth Seidenberg at Kleiner Perkins Caufield Byers).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others say this lack of investment in female founders is the key problem -- and not the lack of desire among women to start companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_689\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 398px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-689\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-398x600.jpg\" alt=\"6 female-led digital health startups to watch\" width=\"398\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-398x600.jpg 398w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-400x603.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-783x1180.jpg 783w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-1180x1778.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-768x1157.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-320x482.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups.jpg 1807w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">6 female-led digital health startups to watch\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The problem here is clearly not expertise or interest from female CEOs,\" said Kyra Davis, a program manager for the \u003ca href=\"https://ita.ucsf.edu/entrepreneurship-center\">Entrepreneurship Center at UCSF\u003c/a>. Davis said many of the female founders she knows have faced challenges raising money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In one case, I've seen a female entrepreneur bring on a male mentor to act as a chairman and lead the early fundraising efforts entirely. The strategy was effective, but obviously does not address the larger problem.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Big Picture\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the board in health care, women represent only 21 percent of executives and 21 percent of board members at Fortune 500 companies, according to information compiled by Rock Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mylan.com/company/leadership\">There's only one female CEO at a Fortune 500 health care company\u003c/a>, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, hospitals lack diversity in their senior management. Women make up 27 percent of hospital boards, and 34 percent of leadership teams, according to data from Thomson Reuters Top 100 Hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, women are the target demographic for a growing number of health care companies. Women are the health care decision makers for their families about 80 percent of the time, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why haven't women shot through the ranks? The problems are systemic and often cultural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 400 women surveyed for the report, 96 percent said that gender discrimination still exists, and almost 50 percent described their gender as a professional hurdle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the report concluded its findings by providing some recommendations for both men and women, who want to change the ratio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One key solution involves rethinking the hiring process to include more female leaders, Wang said. Gender balance is fair, but is also good for business, numerous recent studies have found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rock Health and other organizations are also working to improve access to female mentorship. Wang suggests that experienced women in health and technology should try to take 15 or 20 minutes of their time, occasionally, to advise a more junior female entrepreneurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mentorship and support would go a long way,\" said Wang.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Only six percent of digital health startups are led by women, according to a new report, and women continue to make up a small percentage of executives across the wider health care industry. To change the ratio, the report calls for more mentorship for would-be female entrepreneurs, and some dramatic changes to health care hiring processes. ",
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"headline": "What Digital Health Lacks: Female CEOs",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Health care is undergoing major technological changes, from an explosion of consumer tools used to access medical information to advancements in genetics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the booming health-tech economy, just like in the health care industry at large, this transformation is primarily being led by men.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just 6 percent of digital health startups that have raised at least $2 million in capital in the past four years are led by women. That's according to data compiled by early-stage venture fund \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"http://www.slideshare.net/RockHealth/the-state-of-women-in-healthcare-2015/1\">a report released on Monday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Digital health sits at the intersection between new technologies, health care and medicine. In Silicon Valley, investors are increasingly opening their checkbooks to startups that are attempting to disrupt the health care system, not unlike how the Internet changed banking and commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“The problem here is clearly not expertise or interest from female CEOs.”\u003ccite> Kyra Davis,UCSF Entrepreneurship Center program manager\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But relatively few women are gaining funding for their startup ideas. And the percentage hasn't improved much in recent years, despite the swell of media attention on the topic and the explosion of women-in-tech networking groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some investors say it's simply more difficult to fund women in health-technology, as the pool is still so small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are too few female founders who are taking the risk in starting a company, especially for moms that need to support a family,\" said Missy Krasner, a former digital health investor at \u003ca href=\"http://www.canvas.vc/\">Canvas Venture Fund\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kranser said she actively sought out female founders to meet and potentially fund but \"there were just not a lot.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those who do take the plunge, female mentors and role models in health care are hard to come by, said Rock Health's Teresa Wang, author of the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Making matters worse, some female entrepreneurs in Rock Health's network have experienced a gender-based bias when pitching venture capitalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of venture firms in Silicon Valley do not have a single female partner in their ranks (a few notable exceptions who invest in digital health: Rebecca Lynn at Canvas Venture Fund and Beth Seidenberg at Kleiner Perkins Caufield Byers).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others say this lack of investment in female founders is the key problem -- and not the lack of desire among women to start companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_689\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 398px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-689\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-398x600.jpg\" alt=\"6 female-led digital health startups to watch\" width=\"398\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-398x600.jpg 398w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-400x603.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-783x1180.jpg 783w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-1180x1778.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-768x1157.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups-320x482.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Female-led-Digital-Health-Startups.jpg 1807w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 398px) 100vw, 398px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">6 female-led digital health startups to watch\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"The problem here is clearly not expertise or interest from female CEOs,\" said Kyra Davis, a program manager for the \u003ca href=\"https://ita.ucsf.edu/entrepreneurship-center\">Entrepreneurship Center at UCSF\u003c/a>. Davis said many of the female founders she knows have faced challenges raising money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In one case, I've seen a female entrepreneur bring on a male mentor to act as a chairman and lead the early fundraising efforts entirely. The strategy was effective, but obviously does not address the larger problem.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Big Picture\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the board in health care, women represent only 21 percent of executives and 21 percent of board members at Fortune 500 companies, according to information compiled by Rock Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mylan.com/company/leadership\">There's only one female CEO at a Fortune 500 health care company\u003c/a>, the report found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, hospitals lack diversity in their senior management. Women make up 27 percent of hospital boards, and 34 percent of leadership teams, according to data from Thomson Reuters Top 100 Hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet, women are the target demographic for a growing number of health care companies. Women are the health care decision makers for their families about 80 percent of the time, according to the U.S. Department of Labor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So why haven't women shot through the ranks? The problems are systemic and often cultural.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the 400 women surveyed for the report, 96 percent said that gender discrimination still exists, and almost 50 percent described their gender as a professional hurdle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the report concluded its findings by providing some recommendations for both men and women, who want to change the ratio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One key solution involves rethinking the hiring process to include more female leaders, Wang said. Gender balance is fair, but is also good for business, numerous recent studies have found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rock Health and other organizations are also working to improve access to female mentorship. Wang suggests that experienced women in health and technology should try to take 15 or 20 minutes of their time, occasionally, to advise a more junior female entrepreneurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Mentorship and support would go a long way,\" said Wang.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Digital Health Explodes in Austin: A Visit to Chiron Health",
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"content": "\u003cp>Watch out Silicon Valley, Boston and New York, Austin, Texas is on track to become the next hub for digital health startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the city’s entrepreneurs are applying their knowledge of consumer technology to health care, which still relies on outdated IT systems. Others are finding ways to improve access to care in the most rural and underserved parts of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Three years ago I don’t know if I could name one digital health startup in Austin,” said Joshua Baer, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://capitalfactory.com/\">Capital Factory\u003c/a>, an accelerator program for startups. Baer said he’s now experiencing a high volume of applications to his program from companies in the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We definitely have a scene now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke with local investors and learned about a small group of promising health-tech startups. We decided to visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.chironhealth.com/\">Chiron Health\u003c/a>, due to the swelling interest in tools that hospitals and health systems can use to virtually connect with patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_556\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-556 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"True to startup culture and their mission of promoting health, Chiron includes a ping pong table at its Austin-based office. (courtesy Chiron Health) \" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">True to startup culture and their mission of promoting health, Chiron includes a Ping-Pong table at its Austin-based office. (courtesy Chiron Health)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chiron, one of the recent graduates of Baer’s program, is experiencing some early success with its web-based video chat service for doctors. Since it launched its demo at Capital Factory in 2014, the company has sold its service to about 20 small medical practices, according to the startup’s chief executive officer Andrew O’Hara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to help patients with chronic conditions get easier access to care,” said O’Hara. “This is especially a problem in Texas.” In the most rural parts of Texas, patients often travel long distances to see a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiron Health’s target customer is a physician working in a small practice in Texas or in a neighboring state. Most care providers use the service to follow-up with a patient after they’ve left the office and deliver a lab result, for instance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I paid O’Hara a visit to his office, a few blocks east of downtown Austin on a temperate morning during the \u003ca href=\"http://sxsw.com/\">South by Southwest Music and Media Conference\u003c/a>. The space resembled any small business with the exception of the Ping-Pong table, a tech startup staple. O’Hara said he’s hired just over a dozen people since he formed the company in 2013 and raised just over $1 million in capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is focused on connecting with health insurance software and the physicians’ scheduling system. But O’Hara hopes Chiron will integrate with patients’ glucometers, heart rate monitors and other health-tracking devices. Doctors could receive notifications or alerts if a patient is exhibiting any worrying symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Hara believes that Chiron and other video-chat services will hit the mainstream market in the next few years. For one thing, it offers an additional income stream for doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to using Chiron Health, O’Hara said many physicians would set aside an afternoon to follow-up with patients via phone. They don’t typically get paid for these calls, as there’s no billing or insurance code that covers them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-528 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-284x600.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"284\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-284x600.jpg 284w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-400x845.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-558x1180.jpg 558w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-768x1623.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-320x676.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 284px) 100vw, 284px\">\u003c/a>But Texas is one of over 20 states that now require private insurers to cover telehealth services like Chiron Health, meaning the remote delivery of care using a secure telecommunications technology. Medicare does pay doctors for virtual conferencing with patients, but only in a limited set of circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Telemedicine has been talked about for the past 20 years, but I feel that its time is now,” said O’Hara. He also pointed to such policy developments as the Affordable Care Act, which added 30 million patients to an already costly and overloaded health care system. Telemedicine could help doctors see a far greater number of patients each day, said O’Hara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And patients are proving receptive to the idea, particularly those that have grown up \u003ca href=\"http://medcitynews.com/2015/02/salesforce-survey-millennials-want-telehealth-mobile-apps/\">glued to smartphones and laptops\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the U.S., dozens of telemedicine startups are emerging to take advantage of the friendly regulatory environment. Among the best known are Doctor on Demand, a startup that was founded by television personality Dr. Phil McGraw to offer virtual doctors’ appointments for a $40 flat flee, and MDLive, a similar service that is backed by the former CEO of Apple, John Sculley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Austin?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to starting Chiron, O’Hara worked as a stock analyst at an investment bank in Chicago, specializing in health IT. He noticed a lack of telemedicine services in outpatient settings, like primary care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He chose to relocate to Austin to start the company to take advantage of the affordability and new sources of capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Austin has a great entrepreneurship and investment scene, and the cost of living is cheap,” he said. In Silicon Valley and San Francisco, entrepreneurs need to raise vast sums to afford the sky-high costs of renting commercial real estate and hiring talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Hara also pointed to the “access problem” in Texas, meaning that those in rural areas often have to travel a long way to see a doctor in person. And rates of chronic disease are on the rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“The [digital health] space has exploded in the last three years.”\u003ccite> Jim Graham, former venture capitalist\u003cbr>\n\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s most recent figures from 2007, 66 percent of adults in Texas are obese or overweight, and over 50 percent of adults do not regularly engage in even moderate physical activity. This obesity epidemic has led to rising rates of chronic disease: \u003ca href=\"http://www.texastribune.org/2010/11/30/texas-diabetic-population-will-quadruple-by-2040/\">One report predicts\u003c/a> that the number of adult Texans with diabetes is expected to quadruple over the next three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Investors have realized that one of the surest and fastest ways to improve healthcare quality without ballooning costs is through all varieties of digital health and healthcare IT,” said Jim Graham, a former health care venture capitalist with \u003ca href=\"http://santeventures.com/\">Santé Ventures\u003c/a>, who now works as a consultant for Life Sciences startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The [digital health] space has exploded in the last three years”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham pointed to some new additions to Austin’s health care ecosystem:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Texas-based computer technology company, Dell’s foundation recently invested $50 million to establish a new medical school at the University of Texas at Austin, which is welcoming its first class of students in 2016. And construction is underway for the \u003ca href=\"http://seton.dochs.org/\">Seton Medical Center\u003c/a> at the University of Texas, a new teaching hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both schools could serve as an incubator of sorts to test new health apps and devices, similarly to Stanford University and UCSF in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, there are some challenges to launching a startup in Austin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Austin’s entrepreneurs also face tough competition when hiring technical talent, particularly those with a few years of experience. O’Hara has recruited three software engineers, but is perpetually on the hunt for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another stumbling block for early and mid-stage startups: Venture funding is still in short supply. According to \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a>, a San Francisco-based seed fund, only nine digital health startups raised over $2 million in funding between 2012 and 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The quantity and quality of startups in Austin could probably support twice the amount of venture capital funding that we have here,” said O’Hara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Our story on Austin based Chiron Health kicks off a new, occasional series. Future of You Editor, Christina Farr, will pay a visit to an up-and-coming health-technology startup once a month. Reach out to her at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:cfarr@kqed.org\">\u003cem>cfarr@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> to make a suggestion for a future profile.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "During the SXSW tech conference in Austin, Texas, this past week, we stopped by the office of Chiron Health, a local company that is helping bring virtual doctor visits to patients. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Watch out Silicon Valley, Boston and New York, Austin, Texas is on track to become the next hub for digital health startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the city’s entrepreneurs are applying their knowledge of consumer technology to health care, which still relies on outdated IT systems. Others are finding ways to improve access to care in the most rural and underserved parts of Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Three years ago I don’t know if I could name one digital health startup in Austin,” said Joshua Baer, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://capitalfactory.com/\">Capital Factory\u003c/a>, an accelerator program for startups. Baer said he’s now experiencing a high volume of applications to his program from companies in the space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We definitely have a scene now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke with local investors and learned about a small group of promising health-tech startups. We decided to visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.chironhealth.com/\">Chiron Health\u003c/a>, due to the swelling interest in tools that hospitals and health systems can use to virtually connect with patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_556\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-556 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"True to startup culture and their mission of promoting health, Chiron includes a ping pong table at its Austin-based office. (courtesy Chiron Health) \" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-1180x785.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/chiron-ping-pong-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">True to startup culture and their mission of promoting health, Chiron includes a Ping-Pong table at its Austin-based office. (courtesy Chiron Health)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Chiron, one of the recent graduates of Baer’s program, is experiencing some early success with its web-based video chat service for doctors. Since it launched its demo at Capital Factory in 2014, the company has sold its service to about 20 small medical practices, according to the startup’s chief executive officer Andrew O’Hara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to help patients with chronic conditions get easier access to care,” said O’Hara. “This is especially a problem in Texas.” In the most rural parts of Texas, patients often travel long distances to see a doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chiron Health’s target customer is a physician working in a small practice in Texas or in a neighboring state. Most care providers use the service to follow-up with a patient after they’ve left the office and deliver a lab result, for instance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I paid O’Hara a visit to his office, a few blocks east of downtown Austin on a temperate morning during the \u003ca href=\"http://sxsw.com/\">South by Southwest Music and Media Conference\u003c/a>. The space resembled any small business with the exception of the Ping-Pong table, a tech startup staple. O’Hara said he’s hired just over a dozen people since he formed the company in 2013 and raised just over $1 million in capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company is focused on connecting with health insurance software and the physicians’ scheduling system. But O’Hara hopes Chiron will integrate with patients’ glucometers, heart rate monitors and other health-tracking devices. Doctors could receive notifications or alerts if a patient is exhibiting any worrying symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Hara believes that Chiron and other video-chat services will hit the mainstream market in the next few years. For one thing, it offers an additional income stream for doctors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to using Chiron Health, O’Hara said many physicians would set aside an afternoon to follow-up with patients via phone. They don’t typically get paid for these calls, as there’s no billing or insurance code that covers them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-528 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-284x600.jpg\" alt=\"Print\" width=\"284\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-284x600.jpg 284w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-400x845.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-558x1180.jpg 558w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-768x1623.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list-320x676.jpg 320w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Austin-med-start-up-list.jpg 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 284px) 100vw, 284px\">\u003c/a>But Texas is one of over 20 states that now require private insurers to cover telehealth services like Chiron Health, meaning the remote delivery of care using a secure telecommunications technology. Medicare does pay doctors for virtual conferencing with patients, but only in a limited set of circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Telemedicine has been talked about for the past 20 years, but I feel that its time is now,” said O’Hara. He also pointed to such policy developments as the Affordable Care Act, which added 30 million patients to an already costly and overloaded health care system. Telemedicine could help doctors see a far greater number of patients each day, said O’Hara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And patients are proving receptive to the idea, particularly those that have grown up \u003ca href=\"http://medcitynews.com/2015/02/salesforce-survey-millennials-want-telehealth-mobile-apps/\">glued to smartphones and laptops\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the U.S., dozens of telemedicine startups are emerging to take advantage of the friendly regulatory environment. Among the best known are Doctor on Demand, a startup that was founded by television personality Dr. Phil McGraw to offer virtual doctors’ appointments for a $40 flat flee, and MDLive, a similar service that is backed by the former CEO of Apple, John Sculley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Austin?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to starting Chiron, O’Hara worked as a stock analyst at an investment bank in Chicago, specializing in health IT. He noticed a lack of telemedicine services in outpatient settings, like primary care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He chose to relocate to Austin to start the company to take advantage of the affordability and new sources of capital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Austin has a great entrepreneurship and investment scene, and the cost of living is cheap,” he said. In Silicon Valley and San Francisco, entrepreneurs need to raise vast sums to afford the sky-high costs of renting commercial real estate and hiring talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Hara also pointed to the “access problem” in Texas, meaning that those in rural areas often have to travel a long way to see a doctor in person. And rates of chronic disease are on the rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“The [digital health] space has exploded in the last three years.”\u003ccite> Jim Graham, former venture capitalist\u003cbr>\n\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s most recent figures from 2007, 66 percent of adults in Texas are obese or overweight, and over 50 percent of adults do not regularly engage in even moderate physical activity. This obesity epidemic has led to rising rates of chronic disease: \u003ca href=\"http://www.texastribune.org/2010/11/30/texas-diabetic-population-will-quadruple-by-2040/\">One report predicts\u003c/a> that the number of adult Texans with diabetes is expected to quadruple over the next three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Investors have realized that one of the surest and fastest ways to improve healthcare quality without ballooning costs is through all varieties of digital health and healthcare IT,” said Jim Graham, a former health care venture capitalist with \u003ca href=\"http://santeventures.com/\">Santé Ventures\u003c/a>, who now works as a consultant for Life Sciences startups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The [digital health] space has exploded in the last three years”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Graham pointed to some new additions to Austin’s health care ecosystem:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Texas-based computer technology company, Dell’s foundation recently invested $50 million to establish a new medical school at the University of Texas at Austin, which is welcoming its first class of students in 2016. And construction is underway for the \u003ca href=\"http://seton.dochs.org/\">Seton Medical Center\u003c/a> at the University of Texas, a new teaching hospital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both schools could serve as an incubator of sorts to test new health apps and devices, similarly to Stanford University and UCSF in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, there are some challenges to launching a startup in Austin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Austin’s entrepreneurs also face tough competition when hiring technical talent, particularly those with a few years of experience. O’Hara has recruited three software engineers, but is perpetually on the hunt for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another stumbling block for early and mid-stage startups: Venture funding is still in short supply. According to \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a>, a San Francisco-based seed fund, only nine digital health startups raised over $2 million in funding between 2012 and 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The quantity and quality of startups in Austin could probably support twice the amount of venture capital funding that we have here,” said O’Hara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Our story on Austin based Chiron Health kicks off a new, occasional series. Future of You Editor, Christina Farr, will pay a visit to an up-and-coming health-technology startup once a month. Reach out to her at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"mailto:cfarr@kqed.org\">\u003cem>cfarr@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> to make a suggestion for a future profile.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Mom Turns Grief Into Pediatric Cancer Innovation",
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"content": "\u003cp>Kezia Fitzgerald was diagnosed with Stage 3 Hodgkin’s Lymphoma while pregnant with her first child, but this was not the most devastating news she would receive that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months after Kezia’s daughter Saoirse was born, her baby woke up with two mysterious black eyes. This set off a chain of hospital visits and tests that yielded no answers until a doctor thought to examine Saoirse’s belly and found a mass, which turned out to be a severe Stage 4 neuroblastoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kezia and her husband Mike, who live in Boston, spent the next eight months doing everything they could to battle Saoirse’s cancer, while Kezia also underwent treatment for her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was this experience that led the Fitzgeralds to found \u003ca href=\"http://www.carealine.com/\">CareAline\u003c/a>, which on Tuesday won the first ever \u003ca href=\"http://www.impactpediatrichealth.com/\">Impact Pediatric Health\u003c/a> pitch contest at the annual South by Southwest Music and Media Conference in Austin. The event was hosted by four of the top children’s hospitals in the U.S. and focused on innovations that address gaps in pediatric medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were super surprised by the win because we felt like underdogs,\" said Fitzgerald. \"We did not see ourselves as top contenders, and when we won, we really felt like the community understood what we were doing and how it was needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emcee Mark Cuban, owner of the Dallas Mavericks NBA Basketball team and judge of ABC’s entrepreneur reality show, Shark Tank, was so compelled by Kezia’s story that he offered to buy 1,000 orders of of CareAline, provided she adds the Mavericks brand to her product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_493\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-493\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Shark Tank judge, Mark Cuban, gave Kezia her award and immediately placed an order for 1000 of Kezia’s baby sleeves and wraps. ( Shira Hargrave)\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shark Tank judge, Mark Cuban, gave Kezia her award and immediately placed an order for 1000 of Kezia’s baby sleeves and wraps. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/StudioShira\">Shira Hargrave\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CareAline makes a simple cloth sleeve and wrap that prevents children with implanted intravenous lines from pulling and tearing them off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Saoirse’s chemotherapy treatment, she constantly fiddled with her catheter lines and often dislodged them. The most common way to secure lines is with tape, but this strategy is far from effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tape irritates the skin and lines that are pulled can cause infections, including ones that are potentially life threatening, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/bsi/bsi.html\">Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection\u003c/a> (CLABSI).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At 11 months old, anything that is attached to you is a toy,” Fitzgerald said. “The line was something Saoirse could chew on while teething. It constantly dangled down and caught on things, which was really dangerous and made us nervous as parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kezia used a piece of pink fabric to fashion a little sleeve with a buttonhole that the IV line could go through, which prevented Saoirse from dislodging it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The simple solution proved remarkably effective. “I saw how well my sleeve worked and thought ‘Great, problem solved,’” said Fitzgerald. “But then I realized other parents and nurses were really excited about how it was helping Saoirse and wanted one for their children or patients too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_498\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 266px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-sleeve.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-498\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-sleeve.jpg\" alt=\"Saoirse Fitzgerald wearing her mother’s wrap. \" width=\"266\" height=\"400\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Saoirse Fitzgerald wearing her mother’s wrap.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Saoirse passed away in December 2011, three months after Kezia went into remission and a few months after she developed the initial “prototype.” The Fitzgeralds decided to build the idea into a full-fledged company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Saoirse passed away, we realized that we could either do something or not do something,” said Fitzgerald. “We had to push forward and figure out how to make these garments on a larger scale. We knew how many people it would help, and it was worth it to push through that grief.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fitzgeralds founded CareAline in 2012. The company’s two products keep lines off the patient’s skin, so they remain safely, cleanly and comfortably tucked away as they deliver medication or feeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $19.95 sleeve and $24.95 tubular wrap are made from a 94 percent cotton, 6 percent Spandex fabric blend. They wrap around a patient’s arm or body to keep lines in place (without tape) and protect the entryway or cap, which can easily become a source of infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a few other devices and garments out there, but most are just decorative covers,” said Fitzgerald. “Ours are functional.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It not only keeps the lines covered, but off the skin, which is a huge benefit to patients because the skin can harbor bacteria and if lines sit in one place on the skin, they can actually break down the skin itself. There are a lot of people who have tried to find some way to solve this issue, but not in such an elegant and simple way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kezia Fitzgerald, once a photographer, has now become a businesswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyJ51EtOq00&t=193\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> The Fizgerald’s made a video for an indegogo campaign to cover the costs of selling Kezia’s sleeves and wraps worldwide. (Kezia and Mike Fitzgerald)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of CareAline’s products has been dramatic. A Children’s Hospital in Colorado recently conducted an informal study which found that patients wearing the sleeve or wrap didn't have anyaccidental PICC line removals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the long list of medical benefits, said Fitzgerald, “the CareAline products improve peace of mind for patients, parents and caregivers”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That such a pervasive problem has such a simple solution makes you wonder why no one thought of it before. Medical device companies have often overlooked pediatrics because its not as profitable as other markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so it took an innovative set of parents who experienced the problem in a deep and painful way to take the extra steps needed to solve it. Today, CareAline has sold over 4,000 units and works with distributors in the United States, Canada, Australia and the European Union. About 20 percent of its sales come from hospitals, a percentage the company aims to increase over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our vision has always been that CareAline should be a hospital provider or insurance company product,” Kezia said. “We’ve lived the patient experience. We know the financial troubles parents see when they have children dealing with long term chronic care management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our products are not that high cost, but when you consider that \u003ca href=\"https://www.mattiemiracle.com/Cancer_Facts.html\">over half of families with a child diagnosed with cancer go into bankruptcy\u003c/a>, even $25 is a burden we do not want to put on parents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, selling to hospitals can be a long and difficult process. It involves navigating through layers of bureaucracy and approvals, appealing to both care providers on the ground floor, as well as the executives higher up who make the decisions. Also, to date, CareAline products are not covered by health insurance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nursing community is one of our biggest advocates because they deal with this on a day-to-day basis,” Kezia said. “They are the ones who see the complications and troubles patients have with lines, how nervous it makes it parents, and how damaging tape is to the skin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are the ones trying to figure out how to make their patients more comfortable, but sometimes people higher up the chain don’t see the value added.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fitzgerald said that convincing hospitals they should spend more money on CareAline instead of using tape, which is “pretty much free,” is a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key is to make hospitals and insurers understand that the money they spend on CareAline will quickly be recovered when the number of infections and repair procedures go down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CareAline’s product is already resonating with members of the pediatric health community. The SXSW event is the second pediatric health competition CareAline has won in the past six months. With two wins under their belt, the couple is looking toward the future, along with their son Lochan who will soon turn two.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kezia Fitzgerald was diagnosed with Stage 3 Hodgkin’s Lymphoma while pregnant with her first child, but this was not the most devastating news she would receive that year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months after Kezia’s daughter Saoirse was born, her baby woke up with two mysterious black eyes. This set off a chain of hospital visits and tests that yielded no answers until a doctor thought to examine Saoirse’s belly and found a mass, which turned out to be a severe Stage 4 neuroblastoma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kezia and her husband Mike, who live in Boston, spent the next eight months doing everything they could to battle Saoirse’s cancer, while Kezia also underwent treatment for her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was this experience that led the Fitzgeralds to found \u003ca href=\"http://www.carealine.com/\">CareAline\u003c/a>, which on Tuesday won the first ever \u003ca href=\"http://www.impactpediatrichealth.com/\">Impact Pediatric Health\u003c/a> pitch contest at the annual South by Southwest Music and Media Conference in Austin. The event was hosted by four of the top children’s hospitals in the U.S. and focused on innovations that address gaps in pediatric medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were super surprised by the win because we felt like underdogs,\" said Fitzgerald. \"We did not see ourselves as top contenders, and when we won, we really felt like the community understood what we were doing and how it was needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emcee Mark Cuban, owner of the Dallas Mavericks NBA Basketball team and judge of ABC’s entrepreneur reality show, Shark Tank, was so compelled by Kezia’s story that he offered to buy 1,000 orders of of CareAline, provided she adds the Mavericks brand to her product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_493\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-493\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Shark Tank judge, Mark Cuban, gave Kezia her award and immediately placed an order for 1000 of Kezia’s baby sleeves and wraps. ( Shira Hargrave)\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-SXSW-image-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shark Tank judge, Mark Cuban, gave Kezia her award and immediately placed an order for 1000 of Kezia’s baby sleeves and wraps. (\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/StudioShira\">Shira Hargrave\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CareAline makes a simple cloth sleeve and wrap that prevents children with implanted intravenous lines from pulling and tearing them off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Saoirse’s chemotherapy treatment, she constantly fiddled with her catheter lines and often dislodged them. The most common way to secure lines is with tape, but this strategy is far from effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tape irritates the skin and lines that are pulled can cause infections, including ones that are potentially life threatening, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/HAI/bsi/bsi.html\">Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection\u003c/a> (CLABSI).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At 11 months old, anything that is attached to you is a toy,” Fitzgerald said. “The line was something Saoirse could chew on while teething. It constantly dangled down and caught on things, which was really dangerous and made us nervous as parents.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kezia used a piece of pink fabric to fashion a little sleeve with a buttonhole that the IV line could go through, which prevented Saoirse from dislodging it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The simple solution proved remarkably effective. “I saw how well my sleeve worked and thought ‘Great, problem solved,’” said Fitzgerald. “But then I realized other parents and nurses were really excited about how it was helping Saoirse and wanted one for their children or patients too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_498\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 266px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-sleeve.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-498\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Carealine-sleeve.jpg\" alt=\"Saoirse Fitzgerald wearing her mother’s wrap. \" width=\"266\" height=\"400\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Saoirse Fitzgerald wearing her mother’s wrap.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Saoirse passed away in December 2011, three months after Kezia went into remission and a few months after she developed the initial “prototype.” The Fitzgeralds decided to build the idea into a full-fledged company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Saoirse passed away, we realized that we could either do something or not do something,” said Fitzgerald. “We had to push forward and figure out how to make these garments on a larger scale. We knew how many people it would help, and it was worth it to push through that grief.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fitzgeralds founded CareAline in 2012. The company’s two products keep lines off the patient’s skin, so they remain safely, cleanly and comfortably tucked away as they deliver medication or feeding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $19.95 sleeve and $24.95 tubular wrap are made from a 94 percent cotton, 6 percent Spandex fabric blend. They wrap around a patient’s arm or body to keep lines in place (without tape) and protect the entryway or cap, which can easily become a source of infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a few other devices and garments out there, but most are just decorative covers,” said Fitzgerald. “Ours are functional.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It not only keeps the lines covered, but off the skin, which is a huge benefit to patients because the skin can harbor bacteria and if lines sit in one place on the skin, they can actually break down the skin itself. There are a lot of people who have tried to find some way to solve this issue, but not in such an elegant and simple way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kezia Fitzgerald, once a photographer, has now become a businesswoman.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/EyJ51EtOq00'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/EyJ51EtOq00'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem> The Fizgerald’s made a video for an indegogo campaign to cover the costs of selling Kezia’s sleeves and wraps worldwide. (Kezia and Mike Fitzgerald)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of CareAline’s products has been dramatic. A Children’s Hospital in Colorado recently conducted an informal study which found that patients wearing the sleeve or wrap didn't have anyaccidental PICC line removals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the long list of medical benefits, said Fitzgerald, “the CareAline products improve peace of mind for patients, parents and caregivers”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That such a pervasive problem has such a simple solution makes you wonder why no one thought of it before. Medical device companies have often overlooked pediatrics because its not as profitable as other markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so it took an innovative set of parents who experienced the problem in a deep and painful way to take the extra steps needed to solve it. Today, CareAline has sold over 4,000 units and works with distributors in the United States, Canada, Australia and the European Union. About 20 percent of its sales come from hospitals, a percentage the company aims to increase over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our vision has always been that CareAline should be a hospital provider or insurance company product,” Kezia said. “We’ve lived the patient experience. We know the financial troubles parents see when they have children dealing with long term chronic care management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our products are not that high cost, but when you consider that \u003ca href=\"https://www.mattiemiracle.com/Cancer_Facts.html\">over half of families with a child diagnosed with cancer go into bankruptcy\u003c/a>, even $25 is a burden we do not want to put on parents.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, selling to hospitals can be a long and difficult process. It involves navigating through layers of bureaucracy and approvals, appealing to both care providers on the ground floor, as well as the executives higher up who make the decisions. Also, to date, CareAline products are not covered by health insurance. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The nursing community is one of our biggest advocates because they deal with this on a day-to-day basis,” Kezia said. “They are the ones who see the complications and troubles patients have with lines, how nervous it makes it parents, and how damaging tape is to the skin.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are the ones trying to figure out how to make their patients more comfortable, but sometimes people higher up the chain don’t see the value added.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fitzgerald said that convincing hospitals they should spend more money on CareAline instead of using tape, which is “pretty much free,” is a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The key is to make hospitals and insurers understand that the money they spend on CareAline will quickly be recovered when the number of infections and repair procedures go down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CareAline’s product is already resonating with members of the pediatric health community. The SXSW event is the second pediatric health competition CareAline has won in the past six months. With two wins under their belt, the couple is looking toward the future, along with their son Lochan who will soon turn two.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Startups, Entrepreneurs Try to Solve Medical Records Debacle",
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"content": "\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Part Two in a Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-marquee-4-1920-1180x664.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the first part of our series on March 12, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Critical Condition: How a Broken Medical Records System is Endangering America’s Health\u003c/a>: digital medical records were supposed to make it easier and more efficient for doctors and hospitals to share patient health information. But the data is scattered among dozens of different systems, many of which don’t talk with each other, putting patients’ lives in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Jonathan Hirsch cut his hand on a rusty piece of metal last year, he cleaned up the wound and promptly made his way to an emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirsch, a San Francisco-based technolog\u003ca href=\"http://www.syapse.com/\">\u003c/a>y entrepreneur, had to rush to the hospital, because he couldn’t recall whether he had received a tetanus shot in the past five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later, Hirsch emerged with a bill in the high hundreds of dollars, despite having received very little medical care. What he did get, after all that time and money, was a copy of his immunization record -- but only after five hospital staff members finally hunted down a scanned attachment of the record from another hospital in its network. It turned out he had been vaccinated just four years ago and didn't need another tetanus shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For hospitals and clinics all over the country, it’s still a technical and logistical nightmare to pull up a complete, accurate and up-to-date copy of patients’ medical records, whether it’s a family history, or a list of allergies and immunizations. Hirsch was lucky to receive this fragment of his medical record at all. It would have been far more cumbersome if he had selected a hospital in a different system or network, or if he had a complex set of medical problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea behind electronic medical records is to make health care more efficient and less costly by digitizing all of our health information so medical histories are more accessible. Hoping to finally make this goal a reality, in 2009, the Obama Administration allocated billions of dollars to incentivize hospitals, clinics and other care providers to adopt electronic medical record systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg\" alt=\"Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"542\" class=\"size-large wp-image-334\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-400x339.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-709x600.jpg 709w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-768x650.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-320x271.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse. \u003ccite>(Chrissy Farr / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although many hospitals and other medical facilities have digitized their records, the systems they are using are often proprietary and it’s difficult to easily share health information from one hospital or clinic to another. These challenges can be costly and slow down access to health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health care delivery system today treats patients as they engage it: on a one-off basis,” said Aneesh Chopra, who served as the first chief technology officer of the White House from 2009 to 2012. Chopra has dedicated much of his time in and out of office to solving this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modernizing medical records has been a major challenge, and requires cooperation from the government and the private sector. While the big medical records corporations, hospitals and federal officials attempt to solve these problems, some startup companies are hard at work trying to find solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Argonaut Project\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chopra, who is now CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://hunchanalytics.com/\">Hunch Analytics\u003c/a>, a Virginia company that is working to use public and private databases to help health care companies become more efficient, is part of a new initiative called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.informationweek.com/strategic-cio/can-argonaut-project-make-exchanging-health-data-easier/a/d-id/1318774\">Argonaut Project\u003c/a> that aims to make exchanging health data easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, Chopra and a diverse group of policymakers, health executives and entrepreneurs sat down at a popular Turkish restaurant in Washington D.C. and discussed a solution that would “put patients at the center,” using the same types of technologies that have been widely adopted by Internet companies like LinkedIn and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Argonaut approach is to use web-based, open standards instead of much more complex, health care-specific standards. The project relies on public APIs, or application programming interfaces, which are commands the tech industry commonly uses to make it easier for software programs to share data. It’s basically developer speak for what Chopra refers to as a “handshake” between pieces of software, such as websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal for the project is to promote more flexible, easier access to key groups of health information. If it succeeds, mobile app developers will have a much easier time working with electronic medical records, which could make it possible for patients and doctors in the future to call up important patient information on smart phones and tablets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Chopra, another key objective is to build tools to protect patient privacy, so patients will be aware and can consent when their data is shared with a mobile app or any other service.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“We are heading into health care's perfect storm.”\u003ccite>Aneesh Chopra, CEO of Hunch Analytics\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Two of the nation’s largest electronic medical records companies, rivals \u003ca href=\"http://www.cerner.com/\">Cerner\u003c/a>, in Kansas City, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.epic.com/\">Epic Systems\u003c/a>, in Wisconsin, are both founding members of Argonaut. Experts say that’s a good sign, and signals an increasing willingness from the industry to tackle the problem. And the project has a tight deadline: to come up with a solution by June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are heading into health care's perfect storm - a shift to value-based, rather than volume-based, health care that will reshape the care delivery system and spur greater demand for open data apps,” said Chopra.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley Looks For Solutions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Seeing a business opportunity, a growing number of entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and other tech hubs are also trying to come up with easier ways of sharing health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These startups are part of a booming digital health industry that received \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/2015/01/digital-health-funding-tops-4-1b-2014-year-review/\">more than $4.1 billion in venture capital investments in 2014\u003c/a>, more than double what investors poured into the companies a year before. Digital health-focused accelerators and venture funds, like \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.startuphealth.com/\">StartUp Health\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthbox.com/\">Healthbox\u003c/a>, have emerged to meet this growing demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-343\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-320x213.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies. Photo credit: Rock Health. \u003ccite>(Rock Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some health startups are doing the tough job of collecting data from a patient’s medical record and storing it in one, easily accessible place. This is easier said than done. Patient data is often stored in formats that a computer can’t ingest and share, like PDF files. Hirsch, the patient who had to rush to the emergency room after wounding his hand, started a company in 2008 to make sense of this unstructured data. His startup, Syapse, based in Palo Alto, is working with large and regional health systems, like Intermountain Healthcare and the University of California San Francisco, to aid in the development of a database that combines medical and genetic information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That type of project is one of the biggest potential promises of electronic medical records: To take huge amounts of data and use them to broaden and speed up medical research studies. But with many of the largest record vendors failing in this regard, dozens of other startups are stepping in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some hospitals, like Kaiser Permanente, are turning to entrepreneurs to help solve their own health data-sharing challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaiser was ahead of the curve in adopting an electronic medical record system. Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer, John Mattison, was one of the key figures behind that landmark decision in 2003, which helped put Epic Systems on the map when Kaiser announced it would be using that company’s software at its hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison admits the electronic medical record systems are “a little delayed” in modernizing their systems, particularly their ability to meet legitimate requests for information. He said he has spent years pushing Epic executives to adopt more open software standards, so medical records can more easily share information with other vendors and apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past.”\u003ccite>John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mattison said doctors at Kaiser and at other hospitals are frustrated by the amount of clicks of a mouse it takes to do any simple task, such as order medication. In the future, he suggests, the medical record may become a platform, or thin clinical layer of sorts, with newer, user-friendly applications for patients and doctors developed on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mattison, another area of investment is in identity management tools, which are desperately needed in the current system. As he puts it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a Maria Gonzales in my emergency room. She said she had a car accident three years ago in Chicago and had some stuff taken out, but she doesn’t remember what. The hospital in Chicago has hundreds of Maria Gonzales’s in their system. I do not want to act on the information of the wrong Maria Gonzales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison said Kaiser is starting to evaluate several startups working on improving identity management, but declined to name them, saying it was still too early in the process. Some have called for a more drastic solution to this problem, such as a \u003ca href=\"http://geekdoctor.blogspot.com/2013/02/its-time-for-national-patient-identifier.html\">national patient identifier number\u003c/a>, similar to a Social Security number. But that has been controversial and has raised privacy and security concerns. If information is indexed in this way, some fear that it could make a hacker's or snoop’s job easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others say the risks are worth it, given the frequency that patients are mistakenly associated with someone else, and the serious medical problems that can develop if that occurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major issue with electronic medical records is typographical errors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boston-based patient advocate Dave deBronkart, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ted.com/talks/dave_debronkart_meet_e_patient_dave\">known to his TED fans as “e-Patient Dave,”\u003c/a> said his mother was recently discharged from a hospital and sent to a rehabilitation center. When her medical information was typed back into the IT system used by the rehab clinic, her thyroid condition was entered incorrectly, he said. DeBronkart said the “best doc in the world” could have given her the wrong medicine, if no one had spotted the error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of Bay Area startups have emerged to try to solve this problem. One company called Augmedix, based in San Francisco, has developed a doctor-focused app for Google Glass, the Internet-connected headgear that looks like a pair of high-tech glasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Silicon Valley-based startup, called Drchrono, is developing an application for Google Glass that it hopes will become the first “\u003ca href=\"https://www.drchrono.com/google-glass-ehr/\">wearable medical record\u003c/a>.” Doctors who use it can record a consultation with a patient’s consent, and notes are automatically stored in the electronic medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a physician sports one of these geeky-looking gadgets, they can use verbal cues to access the patient’s medical record. Notes are created and automatically entered into the record, which may reduce the rates of human error. Augmedix executives say they’ve experienced growing demand for Glass in health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seemingly simple problems like data entry are the bane of many doctor’s days, as it means less time spent with patients. Many physicians are turning to solutions from the startup world to ease the transition to electronic medical records and open up the exchange of data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts like Kaiser’s Mattison say that these new clinical applications will prove to be so valuable to doctors and hospitals over time that the medical record vendors will be forced to open up their systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will play out in the marketplace, as the forces are in place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Empowered patients\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another fertile area of growth is mobile health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Apple’s operating system alone, users can download more than 900 apps that track health and fitness. These apps can track everything from a users’ sleep to their moods. A growing segment of these apps helps doctors monitor their patients with one or more chronic diseases, like diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sharing potentially valuable patient data has proven to be a challenge. This data, some of which is gathered on popular devices like activity trackers that people wear on their wrists, isn’t particularly useful to doctors for diagnostic purposes unless it is viewed alongside other important information, like family history and a list of medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple recently set out to solve this problem by developing a service called HealthKit, which aims to integrate data from the apps and devices that patients use. Apple partnered up with many of the largest electronic medical record systems, including Epic and Cerner, for this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\"> I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter.”\u003ccite> John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the process for patients to send data back to their electronic health record is wonky, and requires a number of steps. The patient has to consent to send his or her data from each app or device to HealthKit, where it will remain on the iPhone or iPad. That data can be shared with Epic’s patient-facing mobile app, for instance, and then eventually sent to the treating physician and stored in the medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple has stressed that it will not share data with any third party, like an advertiser or marketer. It claims it will take on the responsibility of vetting out the apps that broker patient data, by rejecting the apps on that basis. Still, some people fear having their private information stored in one place, where it may be more susceptible to hackers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key problem with Apple’s approach, some experts say, is that it requires patients to have an iPhone. Health experts are already calling for a set of common standards to ensure that data can be gathered from both Apple’s system and rivals like Android.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many of the top hospitals are running pilot programs using Apple’s HealthKit to monitor a small number of patients with chronic disease, and to avoid potentially fatal outcomes. Many hospital chief medical information officers believe that \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/05/us-apple-hospitals-exclusive-idUSKBN0L90G920150205\">patient information from mobile apps will help prevent disease and improve patient outcomes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line: Patient-generated data increasingly is finding a place in health care. And systems will need to open up and modernize to keep up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter,” said Mattison. “Then the question becomes, how do we make the experience more seamless for patients?”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Part Two in a Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-marquee-4-1920-1180x664.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the first part of our series on March 12, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/11/critical-condition-how-a-broken-medical-records-system-is-endangering-americas-health/\">Critical Condition: How a Broken Medical Records System is Endangering America’s Health\u003c/a>: digital medical records were supposed to make it easier and more efficient for doctors and hospitals to share patient health information. But the data is scattered among dozens of different systems, many of which don’t talk with each other, putting patients’ lives in danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When Jonathan Hirsch cut his hand on a rusty piece of metal last year, he cleaned up the wound and promptly made his way to an emergency room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirsch, a San Francisco-based technolog\u003ca href=\"http://www.syapse.com/\">\u003c/a>y entrepreneur, had to rush to the hospital, because he couldn’t recall whether he had received a tetanus shot in the past five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two hours later, Hirsch emerged with a bill in the high hundreds of dollars, despite having received very little medical care. What he did get, after all that time and money, was a copy of his immunization record -- but only after five hospital staff members finally hunted down a scanned attachment of the record from another hospital in its network. It turned out he had been vaccinated just four years ago and didn't need another tetanus shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For hospitals and clinics all over the country, it’s still a technical and logistical nightmare to pull up a complete, accurate and up-to-date copy of patients’ medical records, whether it’s a family history, or a list of allergies and immunizations. Hirsch was lucky to receive this fragment of his medical record at all. It would have been far more cumbersome if he had selected a hospital in a different system or network, or if he had a complex set of medical problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea behind electronic medical records is to make health care more efficient and less costly by digitizing all of our health information so medical histories are more accessible. Hoping to finally make this goal a reality, in 2009, the Obama Administration allocated billions of dollars to incentivize hospitals, clinics and other care providers to adopt electronic medical record systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg\" alt=\"Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"542\" class=\"size-large wp-image-334\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-1180x999.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-400x339.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-709x600.jpg 709w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-768x650.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920-320x271.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/FOY-hirsch1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jonathan Hirsch is founder of Syapse. \u003ccite>(Chrissy Farr / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although many hospitals and other medical facilities have digitized their records, the systems they are using are often proprietary and it’s difficult to easily share health information from one hospital or clinic to another. These challenges can be costly and slow down access to health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The health care delivery system today treats patients as they engage it: on a one-off basis,” said Aneesh Chopra, who served as the first chief technology officer of the White House from 2009 to 2012. Chopra has dedicated much of his time in and out of office to solving this problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modernizing medical records has been a major challenge, and requires cooperation from the government and the private sector. While the big medical records corporations, hospitals and federal officials attempt to solve these problems, some startup companies are hard at work trying to find solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Argonaut Project\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Chopra, who is now CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://hunchanalytics.com/\">Hunch Analytics\u003c/a>, a Virginia company that is working to use public and private databases to help health care companies become more efficient, is part of a new initiative called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.informationweek.com/strategic-cio/can-argonaut-project-make-exchanging-health-data-easier/a/d-id/1318774\">Argonaut Project\u003c/a> that aims to make exchanging health data easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, Chopra and a diverse group of policymakers, health executives and entrepreneurs sat down at a popular Turkish restaurant in Washington D.C. and discussed a solution that would “put patients at the center,” using the same types of technologies that have been widely adopted by Internet companies like LinkedIn and Facebook.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Argonaut approach is to use web-based, open standards instead of much more complex, health care-specific standards. The project relies on public APIs, or application programming interfaces, which are commands the tech industry commonly uses to make it easier for software programs to share data. It’s basically developer speak for what Chopra refers to as a “handshake” between pieces of software, such as websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal for the project is to promote more flexible, easier access to key groups of health information. If it succeeds, mobile app developers will have a much easier time working with electronic medical records, which could make it possible for patients and doctors in the future to call up important patient information on smart phones and tablets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Chopra, another key objective is to build tools to protect patient privacy, so patients will be aware and can consent when their data is shared with a mobile app or any other service.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">“We are heading into health care's perfect storm.”\u003ccite>Aneesh Chopra, CEO of Hunch Analytics\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Two of the nation’s largest electronic medical records companies, rivals \u003ca href=\"http://www.cerner.com/\">Cerner\u003c/a>, in Kansas City, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.epic.com/\">Epic Systems\u003c/a>, in Wisconsin, are both founding members of Argonaut. Experts say that’s a good sign, and signals an increasing willingness from the industry to tackle the problem. And the project has a tight deadline: to come up with a solution by June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are heading into health care's perfect storm - a shift to value-based, rather than volume-based, health care that will reshape the care delivery system and spur greater demand for open data apps,” said Chopra.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley Looks For Solutions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Seeing a business opportunity, a growing number of entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley and other tech hubs are also trying to come up with easier ways of sharing health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These startups are part of a booming digital health industry that received \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/2015/01/digital-health-funding-tops-4-1b-2014-year-review/\">more than $4.1 billion in venture capital investments in 2014\u003c/a>, more than double what investors poured into the companies a year before. Digital health-focused accelerators and venture funds, like \u003ca href=\"http://rockhealth.com/\">Rock Health\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.startuphealth.com/\">StartUp Health\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.healthbox.com/\">Healthbox\u003c/a>, have emerged to meet this growing demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_343\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" class=\"size-large wp-image-343\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920-320x213.jpg 320w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/Rock-Health-1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rock Health is a startup fund for digital health care companies. Photo credit: Rock Health. \u003ccite>(Rock Health)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some health startups are doing the tough job of collecting data from a patient’s medical record and storing it in one, easily accessible place. This is easier said than done. Patient data is often stored in formats that a computer can’t ingest and share, like PDF files. Hirsch, the patient who had to rush to the emergency room after wounding his hand, started a company in 2008 to make sense of this unstructured data. His startup, Syapse, based in Palo Alto, is working with large and regional health systems, like Intermountain Healthcare and the University of California San Francisco, to aid in the development of a database that combines medical and genetic information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That type of project is one of the biggest potential promises of electronic medical records: To take huge amounts of data and use them to broaden and speed up medical research studies. But with many of the largest record vendors failing in this regard, dozens of other startups are stepping in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some hospitals, like Kaiser Permanente, are turning to entrepreneurs to help solve their own health data-sharing challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaiser was ahead of the curve in adopting an electronic medical record system. Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer, John Mattison, was one of the key figures behind that landmark decision in 2003, which helped put Epic Systems on the map when Kaiser announced it would be using that company’s software at its hospitals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison admits the electronic medical record systems are “a little delayed” in modernizing their systems, particularly their ability to meet legitimate requests for information. He said he has spent years pushing Epic executives to adopt more open software standards, so medical records can more easily share information with other vendors and apps.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past.”\u003ccite>John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Mattison said doctors at Kaiser and at other hospitals are frustrated by the amount of clicks of a mouse it takes to do any simple task, such as order medication. In the future, he suggests, the medical record may become a platform, or thin clinical layer of sorts, with newer, user-friendly applications for patients and doctors developed on top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we can get to a happy medium between fully opening everything, and the ‘walled gardens’ of the past,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Mattison, another area of investment is in identity management tools, which are desperately needed in the current system. As he puts it:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a Maria Gonzales in my emergency room. She said she had a car accident three years ago in Chicago and had some stuff taken out, but she doesn’t remember what. The hospital in Chicago has hundreds of Maria Gonzales’s in their system. I do not want to act on the information of the wrong Maria Gonzales.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mattison said Kaiser is starting to evaluate several startups working on improving identity management, but declined to name them, saying it was still too early in the process. Some have called for a more drastic solution to this problem, such as a \u003ca href=\"http://geekdoctor.blogspot.com/2013/02/its-time-for-national-patient-identifier.html\">national patient identifier number\u003c/a>, similar to a Social Security number. But that has been controversial and has raised privacy and security concerns. If information is indexed in this way, some fear that it could make a hacker's or snoop’s job easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But others say the risks are worth it, given the frequency that patients are mistakenly associated with someone else, and the serious medical problems that can develop if that occurs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another major issue with electronic medical records is typographical errors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Boston-based patient advocate Dave deBronkart, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ted.com/talks/dave_debronkart_meet_e_patient_dave\">known to his TED fans as “e-Patient Dave,”\u003c/a> said his mother was recently discharged from a hospital and sent to a rehabilitation center. When her medical information was typed back into the IT system used by the rehab clinic, her thyroid condition was entered incorrectly, he said. DeBronkart said the “best doc in the world” could have given her the wrong medicine, if no one had spotted the error.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A handful of Bay Area startups have emerged to try to solve this problem. One company called Augmedix, based in San Francisco, has developed a doctor-focused app for Google Glass, the Internet-connected headgear that looks like a pair of high-tech glasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another Silicon Valley-based startup, called Drchrono, is developing an application for Google Glass that it hopes will become the first “\u003ca href=\"https://www.drchrono.com/google-glass-ehr/\">wearable medical record\u003c/a>.” Doctors who use it can record a consultation with a patient’s consent, and notes are automatically stored in the electronic medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a physician sports one of these geeky-looking gadgets, they can use verbal cues to access the patient’s medical record. Notes are created and automatically entered into the record, which may reduce the rates of human error. Augmedix executives say they’ve experienced growing demand for Glass in health care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seemingly simple problems like data entry are the bane of many doctor’s days, as it means less time spent with patients. Many physicians are turning to solutions from the startup world to ease the transition to electronic medical records and open up the exchange of data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts like Kaiser’s Mattison say that these new clinical applications will prove to be so valuable to doctors and hospitals over time that the medical record vendors will be forced to open up their systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That will play out in the marketplace, as the forces are in place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Empowered patients\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Another fertile area of growth is mobile health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Apple’s operating system alone, users can download more than 900 apps that track health and fitness. These apps can track everything from a users’ sleep to their moods. A growing segment of these apps helps doctors monitor their patients with one or more chronic diseases, like diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But sharing potentially valuable patient data has proven to be a challenge. This data, some of which is gathered on popular devices like activity trackers that people wear on their wrists, isn’t particularly useful to doctors for diagnostic purposes unless it is viewed alongside other important information, like family history and a list of medications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple recently set out to solve this problem by developing a service called HealthKit, which aims to integrate data from the apps and devices that patients use. Apple partnered up with many of the largest electronic medical record systems, including Epic and Cerner, for this initiative.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\"> I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter.”\u003ccite> John Mattison, Southern California Kaiser’s chief medical information officer \u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But the process for patients to send data back to their electronic health record is wonky, and requires a number of steps. The patient has to consent to send his or her data from each app or device to HealthKit, where it will remain on the iPhone or iPad. That data can be shared with Epic’s patient-facing mobile app, for instance, and then eventually sent to the treating physician and stored in the medical record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apple has stressed that it will not share data with any third party, like an advertiser or marketer. It claims it will take on the responsibility of vetting out the apps that broker patient data, by rejecting the apps on that basis. Still, some people fear having their private information stored in one place, where it may be more susceptible to hackers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key problem with Apple’s approach, some experts say, is that it requires patients to have an iPhone. Health experts are already calling for a set of common standards to ensure that data can be gathered from both Apple’s system and rivals like Android.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, many of the top hospitals are running pilot programs using Apple’s HealthKit to monitor a small number of patients with chronic disease, and to avoid potentially fatal outcomes. Many hospital chief medical information officers believe that \u003ca href=\"http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/05/us-apple-hospitals-exclusive-idUSKBN0L90G920150205\">patient information from mobile apps will help prevent disease and improve patient outcomes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottom line: Patient-generated data increasingly is finding a place in health care. And systems will need to open up and modernize to keep up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would not want to be treated as a cancer patient anywhere that didn’t have digital data. It’s a non starter,” said Mattison. “Then the question becomes, how do we make the experience more seamless for patients?”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Critical Condition: How a Broken Medical Records System is Endangering America’s Health",
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"content": "\u003cp>Every time she visits a new doctor, long-time breast-cancer patient Jeanne Patterson prints out dozens of paper files about her medical history. She carries bags filled with sensitive documents, CDs and DVDs to each specialist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson has no choice: her medical records have ended up scattered among 20 different hospitals and health systems, and none of them can be easily shared or accessed electronically in one place.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/13/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle/\">Part One in a Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/13/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle/\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/doctor-patient-2.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the second part of our series, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/13/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle/\">Startups, Entrepreneurs Try to Solve Medical Records Debacle\u003c/a>\u003c/em>: electronic health records have a long road ahead before medical information can be reliably and securely delivered between hospitals and other care providers. While the government works to solve these problems, some entrepreneurs are hard at work trying to find solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It went from the breast to the bone to the brain in a year’s time,” Patterson said of her cancer. “My access to my records into my health status was incredibly cumbersome. I just started carrying it with me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the noise in the health care system that will drag you down,” she said. “That’s what I call the train wreck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson’s story is far from unique. Across the United States, millions of patients are finding that their electronic medical record cannot be efficiently or securely shared between doctors, especially among those working at different health systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a fancy word for this, it’s called interoperability,” said Dena Mendelsohn, a health policy analyst with \u003ca href=\"http://consumersunion.org/topic/health-care/\">Consumers Union\u003c/a>, based in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendelsohn said the inability to share health information across medical systems is slowing down the consumers’ ability to access high-quality health care. Patients who walk into a hospital are complete strangers; it’s not always clear whether they have a medication allergy or a chronic disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_212\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-212\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2.jpg\" alt=\"Neal Patterson is helping his wife Jeanne work through a complicated medical records system.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2.jpg 480w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Neal Patterson is helping his wife Jeanne work through a complicated medical records system. \u003ccite>(Cerner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If there is an emergency medical situation and the patient is not able to explain what’s going on, their system should be able to access their records,” she said. “But if they are taken to one hospital and their records are at another, then their doctor is going to be starting all over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inability to share data causes other problems, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means care could be more costly because tests are being done that might already have been done,” Mendelsohn said, “and it increases the likelihood of medical errors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How We Got Here\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many health industry experts say patients like Patterson should not be finding data-sharing a challenge in 2015. In the era of such user-friendly Internet services as Facebook and Google, it is shocking to some that pertinent and sensitive medical information should still live in PDF files attached to emails, or be delivered by fax machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s happened, experts say, is that private, competing companies sold proprietary software to hospitals that can't talk with each other. Also, several of the largest electronic health records systems have prioritized billing and regulatory reporting over other aspects of care. And many hospitals are still wedded to “fee for service” models, which reward doctors for pricey procedures and tests, rather than patient outcomes. The medical record vendors are helping these hospitals thrive in the status quo by driving up volumes of pricey procedures, policymakers say, and there is little incentive to share access to the records of those lucrative patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These fee-for-service hospitals are fighting tooth and nail to retain patients — and the vendors are responding to these needs,” said Dr. Bob Kocher, one of the key architects of the Affordable Care Act, and a partner who focuses on health care with Venrock, a Palo Alto venture capital firm. “They [some hospitals] have not wanted features that make it easier to share information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inability of medical records to be easily electronically accessed in different places is a major failure in America’s health care system, experts like Kocher say, despite more than 20 years of political and health industry leaders advocating for streamlined system as a critically needed tool to improve patients’ health.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"I am one of the few people that should be able to fix this,\" he said. \"I'm frustrated that we're not moving faster.\"\u003ccite>Neal Patterson, CEO Cerner Corp.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Unlike most patients, Patterson, the breast cancer sufferer who carries bags of her paper records, and her husband are in a position to push for a change. Neal Patterson is the chief executive of Cerner Corporation, a Kansas City-based medical software corporation which made $3.4 billion in revenue last year selling its medical record technology to hospitals and other care providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The paradox is that I am one of the few people that should be able to fix this,” he said. “I’m frustrated that we’re not moving faster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent Cerner conference, Patterson shared a video of his wife discussing her struggles with medical records, a video the company shared with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neal Patterson envisions a future where a patient walks into a hospital, or clinic, and with consent, the practicing physician or nurse could pull up a complete medical record with a single push of a button. Before prescribing treatment, the doctor would scan the record to avoid repeating tests or prescribing unnecessary or potentially harmful medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson’s vision is not new.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calls for the digitization of health information, with a goal of lowering costs and delivering higher quality care, date back to the Clinton era. Former President George W. Bush also chose the issue as a personal passion project, noting in his 2004 State of the Union address that doctors could save more lives when armed with modern technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/science/foy-3-12-timeline/Health_Care_Records_Timeline.html\" width=\"720px\" height=\"405px\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The long quest for electronic medical records. Click the circle to see each year. (David Pierce/KQED)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not until 2009, however, that President Obama signed a law that attempted to speed the transition from paper records to electronic records by offering doctors and hospitals incentive payments through Medicare and Medicaid if they used electronic medical records. The law, called the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or \"HITECH Act,\" provided roughly $30 billion over 10 years for the payments. It took effect on January 1, 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government provided the funding, but private developers created the system,” said Mendelsohn, “and the medical providers were incentivized to purchase the system. But nowhere in the conversation was it said that these systems had to talk with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the government is trying to address the interoperability problem. Through April 3, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is taking public comments on a new “roadmap” designed to approve more uniform technical standards for electronic records.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"This is like 15 percent of the economy going from the Stone Age to the Internet age in five years.\"\u003ccite>Arien Malec, former HHS technology coordinator\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Great progress has been made to digitize the care experience,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2015pres/01/20150130a.html\">said HHS Secretary Sylvia Burwell in January\u003c/a>. “And now it’s time to free up this data so patients and providers can securely access their health information when and where they need it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a huge undertaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arien Malec, a former technology coordinator for the department, said most doctors are now using some type of electronic records, but overhauling the entire system will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like 15 percent of the economy going from the Stone Age to the Internet age in five years,” Malec said. “It’s like going from paper ledgers to online banking in five years. Wow, that would be painful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The payoff of getting it right is big, experts say. Benefits of seamless electronic medical records including personalized medicine, better preventative care and accessing doctors and medical information through mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been shocked in the past six months how many policymakers say the next big mountain we’re going to climb in health care is interoperability,” said David Brailer, who was appointed the federal government’s first national coordinator for health information technology in 2004.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most hospitals in the U.S. have adopted expensive electronic health record systems, a team of researchers, advising the federal Health and Human Services Department, concluded last year that their \u003ca href=\"http://healthit.gov/sites/default/files/ptp13-700hhs_white.pdf\">progress has amounted to little more than scanned, digital versions\u003c/a> of the old paper-based systems. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neal Patterson, Cerner’s CEO, points to a confluence of factors that are holding the industry back: Accurately identifying a patient can be challenging, he said. The United States is one of the few countries that lacks a universal patient identifier, a number that tracks every iota of a patient’s health care data, and health-focused identity management tools are still nascent. Moreover, the industry needs more user-friendly mechanisms to request patient consent, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The greatest hurdle of all, according to Patterson, is to break down the walled garden. Electronic health record companies need to work together to solve this interoperability challenge, he said, rather than to take the line that \"If everything is on my system, it will work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although many vendors engage in similar practices, Epic Systems, a company in Verona, Wisconsin whose software is widely used in U.S. hospitals, has taken the brunt of the criticism for growing its empire by creating a digital barrier between its customers and those not on its network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson says his company, Cerner, a major competitor of Epic, is putting its money where its mouth is, and in 2013 helped found a not-for-profit alliance with rival companies called CommonWell Health Alliance to create better tools for exchanging data. Not all of its competitors signed on, however, which may hamper the initiative from meeting its goals. Some of the biggest medical record vendors, such as Epic Systems, have not joined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Epic spokesman Shawn Kiesau said its customers, which include large hospitals, can exchange medical records with each other and connect to other groups. The company said that it already has forged some connections with members of the CommonWell group, including Cerner, and that it’s own offering, Care Everywhere, is “much more mature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“It’s embarrassing and stupid, but that’s where we are.”\u003ccite>Dr. Kathleen Clanon, Alameda County physician\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The industry has come a long way in a short period of time, but there is more to do to help accelerate the connections necessary to exchange patient records between all organizations,” Kiesau added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One common difficulty now for doctors is that the medical record system is not typically able to track patients when they’ve seen a specialist, either inside or outside their insurance network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_261\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-261\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland.jpg\" alt=\"Patients' stories are tough to document on a digital medical record., say doctors like Dr. Kathleen Clanon who practices in Alameda County.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland-320x180.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patients' stories are tough to document on a digital medical record., say doctors like Dr. Kathleen Clanon who practices in Alameda County. \u003ccite>(Mina Kim / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I still find myself asking questions like, ‘What did the specialist say?’” said Dr. Kathleen Clanon, when following up with patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s embarrassing and stupid, but that’s where we are,” said Clanon, the Medical Director at Health Care Services of Alameda County and a practicing physician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Gleason, a registered nurse from Tampa, Florida, has worked with electronic medical records for years, said six years ago her young daughter Morgan started feeling a variety of symptoms including muscle weakness, headaches and fatigue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gleason hauled her medical information to a dozen doctors in six different health systems. Gleason said she believes her daughter’s diagnosis of a rare autoimmune disease called Juvenile Dermatomyositis was likely delayed, because her primary care doctor wasn’t able to see her medical history in a single view or a timeline of her visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would have wondered why an 11-year-old was having so many doctor’s appointments,” she said. “He would have seen that a pathology report from over four years before her diagnosis said that she should be evaluated for an autoimmune disease. Instead, she was sick for 15 months, bouncing around the healthcare system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gleason said it’s unrealistic that patients and their family-members should be expected to take control of their medical records. Although health providers are legally required to provide a copy of a medical record, Gleason said they will routinely charge a $1 a page fee (leaving patients to foot a bill as high as $1,000), require that patients show up in person, or claim they never saw the request. Gleason is now the chief operations officer of a startup company, CareSync, which helps people compile scattered fragments of their medical records.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sickest Suffer Most\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many have criticized the government for setting standards that require too much, too soon. Some have pointed out that in order to meet what insiders call “Meaningful Use,” the criteria in the 2009 law to meet for financial incentives, hospitals have had to adopt older legacy technology, rather than more nimble solutions such as a cloud or web-based upstarts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We heard that this new system was going to digitize everything and super power physicians by helping them get answers quicker. Instead, it’s done the exact opposite,” said Malay Gandhi, Managing Director for Rock Health, an early-stage investment fund in San Francisco that is dedicated to digital health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather than spending time with their critically-ill patients,” Gandhi said, “doctors are spending much of their time in-putting data into the medical records to meet a long list of ‘Meaningful Use’ requirements. And the hospitals are adopting the systems that are most adept at ticking regulatory check-boxes, rather than supporting patient care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another stumbling block is that interoperability doesn’t seem like much of a hot-button issue, particularly for those in good health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For 90 percent of people, it doesn’t make a difference because they’re not sick,” said Jonathan Bush, chief executive of cloud-based electronic health record company AthenaHealth and the cousin of the former President George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But for the rest who are driving 65 percent of the bill, it’s unbelievably frustrating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often the sickest suffer the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sad reality is that the patients most affected by this issue are those with the most serious medical conditions, often from economically disadvantaged backgrounds,” said Jonathan Hirsch, founder of a Palo Alto-based startup called Syapse, which develops software to integrate patients' genetic data with their medical records to improve the treatment of complex diseases, including cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirsch said his company is one of many startups that is stunted by the laborious process of dealing with fragmented data, stored in formats that computers can’t ingest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Cerner CEO Neal Patterson believes the industry can move to interoperability within “the better part of a decade.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to get the industry to commit to this and the government to create some compelling guidelines,” said Patterson, adding that being able to more easily share medical information will lead to higher quality care and lower healthcare costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Patients won’t want to keep carrying their information around in bags,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every time she visits a new doctor, long-time breast-cancer patient Jeanne Patterson prints out dozens of paper files about her medical history. She carries bags filled with sensitive documents, CDs and DVDs to each specialist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson has no choice: her medical records have ended up scattered among 20 different hospitals and health systems, and none of them can be easily shared or accessed electronically in one place.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/13/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle/\">Part One in a Series\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/13/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle/\">\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/doctor-patient-2.jpg\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the second part of our series, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2015/03/13/startups-entrepreneurs-try-to-solve-medical-records-debacle/\">Startups, Entrepreneurs Try to Solve Medical Records Debacle\u003c/a>\u003c/em>: electronic health records have a long road ahead before medical information can be reliably and securely delivered between hospitals and other care providers. While the government works to solve these problems, some entrepreneurs are hard at work trying to find solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“It went from the breast to the bone to the brain in a year’s time,” Patterson said of her cancer. “My access to my records into my health status was incredibly cumbersome. I just started carrying it with me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the noise in the health care system that will drag you down,” she said. “That’s what I call the train wreck.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson’s story is far from unique. Across the United States, millions of patients are finding that their electronic medical record cannot be efficiently or securely shared between doctors, especially among those working at different health systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a fancy word for this, it’s called interoperability,” said Dena Mendelsohn, a health policy analyst with \u003ca href=\"http://consumersunion.org/topic/health-care/\">Consumers Union\u003c/a>, based in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mendelsohn said the inability to share health information across medical systems is slowing down the consumers’ ability to access high-quality health care. Patients who walk into a hospital are complete strangers; it’s not always clear whether they have a medication allergy or a chronic disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_212\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-212\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2.jpg\" alt=\"Neal Patterson is helping his wife Jeanne work through a complicated medical records system.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2.jpg 480w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/pattersons2-320x213.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Neal Patterson is helping his wife Jeanne work through a complicated medical records system. \u003ccite>(Cerner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If there is an emergency medical situation and the patient is not able to explain what’s going on, their system should be able to access their records,” she said. “But if they are taken to one hospital and their records are at another, then their doctor is going to be starting all over again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inability to share data causes other problems, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means care could be more costly because tests are being done that might already have been done,” Mendelsohn said, “and it increases the likelihood of medical errors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How We Got Here\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many health industry experts say patients like Patterson should not be finding data-sharing a challenge in 2015. In the era of such user-friendly Internet services as Facebook and Google, it is shocking to some that pertinent and sensitive medical information should still live in PDF files attached to emails, or be delivered by fax machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s happened, experts say, is that private, competing companies sold proprietary software to hospitals that can't talk with each other. Also, several of the largest electronic health records systems have prioritized billing and regulatory reporting over other aspects of care. And many hospitals are still wedded to “fee for service” models, which reward doctors for pricey procedures and tests, rather than patient outcomes. The medical record vendors are helping these hospitals thrive in the status quo by driving up volumes of pricey procedures, policymakers say, and there is little incentive to share access to the records of those lucrative patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These fee-for-service hospitals are fighting tooth and nail to retain patients — and the vendors are responding to these needs,” said Dr. Bob Kocher, one of the key architects of the Affordable Care Act, and a partner who focuses on health care with Venrock, a Palo Alto venture capital firm. “They [some hospitals] have not wanted features that make it easier to share information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The inability of medical records to be easily electronically accessed in different places is a major failure in America’s health care system, experts like Kocher say, despite more than 20 years of political and health industry leaders advocating for streamlined system as a critically needed tool to improve patients’ health.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"I am one of the few people that should be able to fix this,\" he said. \"I'm frustrated that we're not moving faster.\"\u003ccite>Neal Patterson, CEO Cerner Corp.\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Unlike most patients, Patterson, the breast cancer sufferer who carries bags of her paper records, and her husband are in a position to push for a change. Neal Patterson is the chief executive of Cerner Corporation, a Kansas City-based medical software corporation which made $3.4 billion in revenue last year selling its medical record technology to hospitals and other care providers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The paradox is that I am one of the few people that should be able to fix this,” he said. “I’m frustrated that we’re not moving faster.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent Cerner conference, Patterson shared a video of his wife discussing her struggles with medical records, a video the company shared with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neal Patterson envisions a future where a patient walks into a hospital, or clinic, and with consent, the practicing physician or nurse could pull up a complete medical record with a single push of a button. Before prescribing treatment, the doctor would scan the record to avoid repeating tests or prescribing unnecessary or potentially harmful medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson’s vision is not new.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calls for the digitization of health information, with a goal of lowering costs and delivering higher quality care, date back to the Clinton era. Former President George W. Bush also chose the issue as a personal passion project, noting in his 2004 State of the Union address that doctors could save more lives when armed with modern technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://projects1.kqed.org/science/foy-3-12-timeline/Health_Care_Records_Timeline.html\" width=\"720px\" height=\"405px\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The long quest for electronic medical records. Click the circle to see each year. (David Pierce/KQED)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was not until 2009, however, that President Obama signed a law that attempted to speed the transition from paper records to electronic records by offering doctors and hospitals incentive payments through Medicare and Medicaid if they used electronic medical records. The law, called the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or \"HITECH Act,\" provided roughly $30 billion over 10 years for the payments. It took effect on January 1, 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government provided the funding, but private developers created the system,” said Mendelsohn, “and the medical providers were incentivized to purchase the system. But nowhere in the conversation was it said that these systems had to talk with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the government is trying to address the interoperability problem. Through April 3, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is taking public comments on a new “roadmap” designed to approve more uniform technical standards for electronic records.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">\"This is like 15 percent of the economy going from the Stone Age to the Internet age in five years.\"\u003ccite>Arien Malec, former HHS technology coordinator\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Great progress has been made to digitize the care experience,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2015pres/01/20150130a.html\">said HHS Secretary Sylvia Burwell in January\u003c/a>. “And now it’s time to free up this data so patients and providers can securely access their health information when and where they need it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a huge undertaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arien Malec, a former technology coordinator for the department, said most doctors are now using some type of electronic records, but overhauling the entire system will take time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like 15 percent of the economy going from the Stone Age to the Internet age in five years,” Malec said. “It’s like going from paper ledgers to online banking in five years. Wow, that would be painful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The payoff of getting it right is big, experts say. Benefits of seamless electronic medical records including personalized medicine, better preventative care and accessing doctors and medical information through mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been shocked in the past six months how many policymakers say the next big mountain we’re going to climb in health care is interoperability,” said David Brailer, who was appointed the federal government’s first national coordinator for health information technology in 2004.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most hospitals in the U.S. have adopted expensive electronic health record systems, a team of researchers, advising the federal Health and Human Services Department, concluded last year that their \u003ca href=\"http://healthit.gov/sites/default/files/ptp13-700hhs_white.pdf\">progress has amounted to little more than scanned, digital versions\u003c/a> of the old paper-based systems. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neal Patterson, Cerner’s CEO, points to a confluence of factors that are holding the industry back: Accurately identifying a patient can be challenging, he said. The United States is one of the few countries that lacks a universal patient identifier, a number that tracks every iota of a patient’s health care data, and health-focused identity management tools are still nascent. Moreover, the industry needs more user-friendly mechanisms to request patient consent, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The greatest hurdle of all, according to Patterson, is to break down the walled garden. Electronic health record companies need to work together to solve this interoperability challenge, he said, rather than to take the line that \"If everything is on my system, it will work.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although many vendors engage in similar practices, Epic Systems, a company in Verona, Wisconsin whose software is widely used in U.S. hospitals, has taken the brunt of the criticism for growing its empire by creating a digital barrier between its customers and those not on its network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Patterson says his company, Cerner, a major competitor of Epic, is putting its money where its mouth is, and in 2013 helped found a not-for-profit alliance with rival companies called CommonWell Health Alliance to create better tools for exchanging data. Not all of its competitors signed on, however, which may hamper the initiative from meeting its goals. Some of the biggest medical record vendors, such as Epic Systems, have not joined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Epic spokesman Shawn Kiesau said its customers, which include large hospitals, can exchange medical records with each other and connect to other groups. The company said that it already has forged some connections with members of the CommonWell group, including Cerner, and that it’s own offering, Care Everywhere, is “much more mature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">“It’s embarrassing and stupid, but that’s where we are.”\u003ccite>Dr. Kathleen Clanon, Alameda County physician\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"The industry has come a long way in a short period of time, but there is more to do to help accelerate the connections necessary to exchange patient records between all organizations,” Kiesau added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One common difficulty now for doctors is that the medical record system is not typically able to track patients when they’ve seen a specialist, either inside or outside their insurance network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_261\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-261\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland.jpg\" alt=\"Patients' stories are tough to document on a digital medical record., say doctors like Dr. Kathleen Clanon who practices in Alameda County.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2015/03/ClanonHighland-320x180.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Patients' stories are tough to document on a digital medical record., say doctors like Dr. Kathleen Clanon who practices in Alameda County. \u003ccite>(Mina Kim / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I still find myself asking questions like, ‘What did the specialist say?’” said Dr. Kathleen Clanon, when following up with patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s embarrassing and stupid, but that’s where we are,” said Clanon, the Medical Director at Health Care Services of Alameda County and a practicing physician.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amy Gleason, a registered nurse from Tampa, Florida, has worked with electronic medical records for years, said six years ago her young daughter Morgan started feeling a variety of symptoms including muscle weakness, headaches and fatigue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gleason hauled her medical information to a dozen doctors in six different health systems. Gleason said she believes her daughter’s diagnosis of a rare autoimmune disease called Juvenile Dermatomyositis was likely delayed, because her primary care doctor wasn’t able to see her medical history in a single view or a timeline of her visits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He would have wondered why an 11-year-old was having so many doctor’s appointments,” she said. “He would have seen that a pathology report from over four years before her diagnosis said that she should be evaluated for an autoimmune disease. Instead, she was sick for 15 months, bouncing around the healthcare system.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gleason said it’s unrealistic that patients and their family-members should be expected to take control of their medical records. Although health providers are legally required to provide a copy of a medical record, Gleason said they will routinely charge a $1 a page fee (leaving patients to foot a bill as high as $1,000), require that patients show up in person, or claim they never saw the request. Gleason is now the chief operations officer of a startup company, CareSync, which helps people compile scattered fragments of their medical records.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Sickest Suffer Most\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many have criticized the government for setting standards that require too much, too soon. Some have pointed out that in order to meet what insiders call “Meaningful Use,” the criteria in the 2009 law to meet for financial incentives, hospitals have had to adopt older legacy technology, rather than more nimble solutions such as a cloud or web-based upstarts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We heard that this new system was going to digitize everything and super power physicians by helping them get answers quicker. Instead, it’s done the exact opposite,” said Malay Gandhi, Managing Director for Rock Health, an early-stage investment fund in San Francisco that is dedicated to digital health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rather than spending time with their critically-ill patients,” Gandhi said, “doctors are spending much of their time in-putting data into the medical records to meet a long list of ‘Meaningful Use’ requirements. And the hospitals are adopting the systems that are most adept at ticking regulatory check-boxes, rather than supporting patient care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another stumbling block is that interoperability doesn’t seem like much of a hot-button issue, particularly for those in good health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For 90 percent of people, it doesn’t make a difference because they’re not sick,” said Jonathan Bush, chief executive of cloud-based electronic health record company AthenaHealth and the cousin of the former President George W. Bush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But for the rest who are driving 65 percent of the bill, it’s unbelievably frustrating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Often the sickest suffer the most.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The sad reality is that the patients most affected by this issue are those with the most serious medical conditions, often from economically disadvantaged backgrounds,” said Jonathan Hirsch, founder of a Palo Alto-based startup called Syapse, which develops software to integrate patients' genetic data with their medical records to improve the treatment of complex diseases, including cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirsch said his company is one of many startups that is stunted by the laborious process of dealing with fragmented data, stored in formats that computers can’t ingest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Cerner CEO Neal Patterson believes the industry can move to interoperability within “the better part of a decade.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have to get the industry to commit to this and the government to create some compelling guidelines,” said Patterson, adding that being able to more easily share medical information will lead to higher quality care and lower healthcare costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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