window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"futureofyou_440081": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_440081",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440081",
"found": true
},
"parent": 440080,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-520x293.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 293
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560.jpg",
"width": 4000,
"height": 2250
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/npr_3918_wide-3127d2064fd19dd83b62dbd91b937cef0409f560-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1520898769,
"modified": 1520899291,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": null,
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_440059": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_440059",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440059",
"found": true
},
"parent": 440058,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-520x292.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 292
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c.jpg",
"width": 1991,
"height": 1119
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-1020x573.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 573
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-1180x663.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 663
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-1920x1079.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1079
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-1180x663.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 663
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-1920x1079.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1079
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/hiveheist-1_wide-648d14398e3c01592b0e74438c19a89b2e584e6c-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1520645049,
"modified": 1520645049,
"caption": null,
"description": "The first episode of this season's Invisibilia podcast explores how people cope when something happens that fundamentally shifts how they view themselves. The author's mother decided to try skydiving.",
"title": "The first episode of this season's Invisibilia podcast explores how people cope when something happens that fundamentally shifts how they view themselves. The author's mother decided to try skydiving.",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_440051": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_440051",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440051",
"found": true
},
"parent": 440049,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896.jpg",
"width": 5472,
"height": 3648
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-810686896-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1520644433,
"modified": 1520644465,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Blowing nose",
"credit": "vladans/IStock",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_440021": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_440021",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440021",
"found": true
},
"parent": 440020,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-520x334.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 334
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-160x103.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 103
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-960x617.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 617
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-375x241.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 241
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632.jpg",
"width": 3228,
"height": 2076
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-1020x656.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 656
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-1180x759.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 759
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-800x514.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 514
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-1920x1235.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1235
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-1180x759.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 759
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-1920x1235.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1235
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-768x494.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 494
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-618413632-240x154.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 154
}
},
"publishDate": 1520362360,
"modified": 1520367740,
"caption": "Anne Wojcicki, co-founder and chief executive of private genomics company 23andMe, discusses developments at the company at a WSJD Live conference in Laguna Beach in 2016. ",
"description": null,
"title": "US-TECHNOLOGY-IT-WSJD",
"credit": "Glenn Chapman/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_440001": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_440001",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440001",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439980,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150.jpg",
"width": 5760,
"height": 3840
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-817466150-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1520288028,
"modified": 1520288074,
"caption": "Analysis of Cannabis in a laboratory.",
"description": "Analysis of Cannabis in a laboratory.",
"title": "Powder of Cannabis (Drugs), Analysis of Cannabis in laboratory.",
"credit": "Sinhyu/IStock",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_439888": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_439888",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439888",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439887,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586.jpg",
"width": 5760,
"height": 3840
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/iStock-691263586-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1519953512,
"modified": 1520035998,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Nurse connecting an intravenous drip",
"credit": "Wavebreakmedia/IStock",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_439854": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_439854",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439854",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439851,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-520x351.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 351
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-160x108.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 108
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-960x648.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 648
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-375x253.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 253
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947.jpg",
"width": 3000,
"height": 2025
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-1020x689.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 689
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-1180x797.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 797
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-800x540.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-1920x1296.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1296
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-1180x797.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 797
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-1920x1296.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1296
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-768x518.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 518
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/03/GettyImages-2350947-240x162.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 162
}
},
"publishDate": 1519931665,
"modified": 1519931754,
"caption": "Students sit by the fire while camping out in New Fairfield, Connecticut on July 30, 2003 .",
"description": null,
"title": "GettyImages-2350947",
"credit": "Brendan Smialowski/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_439831": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_439831",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439831",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439807,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-520x293.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 293
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-960x540.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 540
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-375x211.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 211
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-1180x664.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 664
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-1920x1080.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1080
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d-1-240x135.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 135
}
},
"publishDate": 1519750625,
"modified": 1519750625,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "jenn-liv-therapist_wide-88d6d86d46621dfce2dbc5558cc69811bea0c49d",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_439795": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_439795",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439795",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439794,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-520x390.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 390
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-160x120.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 120
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-960x720.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 720
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-375x281.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 281
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c.jpg",
"width": 1776,
"height": 1332
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-1020x765.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 765
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-1180x885.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 885
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-800x600.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 600
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-1180x885.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 885
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-768x576.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/teendepression-faced61a26deab98c0e37570c0cd294176c2fc3c-240x180.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 180
}
},
"publishDate": 1519674563,
"modified": 1519674563,
"caption": null,
"description": "It's easy to mistake adolescent depression for something else, child psychiatrists say; the signs can include misbehavior, eating problems or sleep trouble.",
"title": "It's easy to mistake adolescent depression for something else, child psychiatrists say; the signs can include misbehavior, eating problems or sleep trouble.",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_439764": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_439764",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439764",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439750,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329.jpg",
"width": 3000,
"height": 2000
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-152489329-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1519423711,
"modified": 1519423762,
"caption": "Tamara Lycholaj, 89, speaks with a nutrition specialist on September 21, 2012 in Glen Spey, New York. ",
"description": null,
"title": "Government Assistance Programs Aid Underprivileged Communities In New York State",
"credit": "John Moore/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_439727": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_439727",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439727",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439726,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-520x339.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 339
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-160x104.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 104
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-960x626.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 626
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-375x244.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 244
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762.jpg",
"width": 3913,
"height": 2551
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-1020x665.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 665
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-1180x769.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 769
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-800x522.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 522
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-1920x1252.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1252
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-1180x769.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 769
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-1920x1252.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1252
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-768x501.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 501
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-91602762-240x156.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 156
}
},
"publishDate": 1519345907,
"modified": 1519345968,
"caption": "Dr Jonathan Fielding, Director of the County of Los Angeles Public Health, shows the new \"FluMist\" nasal spray vaccine for the H1N1 virus (known as Swine Flu) in Los Angeles on October 8, 2009. ",
"description": null,
"title": "Dr Jonathan Fielding, Director of the Co",
"credit": "Mark Ralston/AFP/Getty Images",
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
},
"futureofyou_439664": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "futureofyou_439664",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439664",
"found": true
},
"parent": 439663,
"imgSizes": {
"small": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-520x347.jpg",
"width": 520,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 347
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 107
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-960x640.jpg",
"width": 960,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 640
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-375x250.jpg",
"width": 375,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 250
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555.jpg",
"width": 2997,
"height": 1998
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 680
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-50x50.jpg",
"width": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 50
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-96x96.jpg",
"width": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 96
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 533
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-64x64.jpg",
"width": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 64
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-32x32.jpg",
"width": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 32
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-1180x787.jpg",
"width": 1180,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 787
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 1280
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-150x150.jpg",
"width": 150,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 150
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 512
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-128x128.jpg",
"width": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 128
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/img_2904_slide-5f15c5cff3110c41c8c50c28a3940311a90ce555-240x160.jpg",
"width": 240,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 160
}
},
"publishDate": 1519239599,
"modified": 1519239599,
"caption": null,
"description": "Francisco Hidalgo prepares to receive a trigger point injection from Dr. Alexis LaPietra (right) at St. Joseph's University Medical Center in Paterson, N.J., while Dr. Tyler Manis observes. An alternative to opioids, the trigger point injection involves dry needling to stop pain from a muscle spasm and a shot of local anesthetic for the soreness from the needle.",
"title": "Francisco Hidalgo prepares to receive a trigger point injection from Dr. Alexis LaPietra (right) at St. Joseph's University Medical Center in Paterson, N.J., while Dr. Tyler Manis observes. An alternative to opioids, the trigger point injection involves dry needling to stop pain from a muscle spasm and a shot of local anesthetic for the soreness from the needle.",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"isLoading": false,
"fetchFailed": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false,
"liveAudioPlayStartedAt": 0,
"liveAudioPlayContext": ""
},
"authorsReducer": {
"byline_futureofyou_440080": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_440080",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_440080",
"name": "Patti Neighmond, NPR",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_440058": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_440058",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_440058",
"name": "Hanna Rosin\u003cbr />NPR Shots",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_440049": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_440049",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_440049",
"name": "Teresa Carey\u003cbr />Nsikan Akpan\u003cbr />PBS NewsHour",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_440020": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_440020",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_440020",
"name": "Sharon Begley\u003cbr />STAT",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439980": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439980",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439980",
"name": "Megan Thielking\u003cbr />STAT",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439887": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439887",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439887",
"name": "Marilynn Marchione\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439851": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439851",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439851",
"name": "Dr. Nadine Burke Harris\u003cbr />PBS Health",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439807": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439807",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439807",
"name": "Laura Sydell\u003cbr />NPR All Tech Considered",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439794": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439794",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439794",
"name": "Allison Aubrey\u003cbr />NPR Shots",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439750": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439750",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439750",
"name": "Lauran Neergaard\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439726": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439726",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439726",
"name": "Mike Stobbe\u003cbr />Associated Press",
"isLoading": false
},
"byline_futureofyou_439663": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "byline_futureofyou_439663",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"slug": "byline_futureofyou_439663",
"name": "Hansi Lo Wang\u003cbr />NPR Shots",
"isLoading": false
}
},
"pagesReducer": {
"futureofyou_category_diy-health": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1060",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1060",
"score": 13.892206
},
"featImg": null,
"name": "DIY Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "DIY Health Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1060,
"slug": "diy-health",
"isLoading": false,
"title": "DIY Health",
"pageMeta": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"WpPageTemplate": "page-topic-editorial",
"currentPage": 11
},
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardArticle2",
"query": "posts/futureofyou?category=diy-health",
"seeMore": false,
"paginated": true,
"page": 11
}
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad"
}
]
}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"futureofyou_440080": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_440080",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440080",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1520899794000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1520899794,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "Hearts Get 'Younger,' Even At Middle Age, With Exercise",
"title": "Hearts Get 'Younger,' Even At Middle Age, With Exercise",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>Eventually it happens to everyone. As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart becomes less flexible, more stiff and just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/jphysiol.2011.218271/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">show up\u003c/a> in the 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the underlying changes can start even sooner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heart gets smaller — stiffer,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.utsouthwestern.edu/profile/14262/benjamin-levine.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Ben Levine\u003c/a>, a sports cardiologist at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and director of the Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, in Dallas.[contextly_sidebar id=\"UJp77wAYFxSsTskHzbjUfLZVQstMILpG\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of the heart muscle as a rubber band, Levine says. In the beginning, the rubber band is flexible and pliable. But put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will emerge dry and brittle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's what happens to the heart and blood vessels,\" he says. And down the road, that sort of stiffness can get worse, he notes, leading to the breathlessness and other symptoms of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0022300/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">heart failure\u003c/a>, an inability of the heart to effectively pump blood to the lungs or throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an avid exerciser, getting in shape now may head off that decline and help restore your aging heart. He and his colleagues \u003ca href=\"http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2018/01/03/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030617\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published\u003c/a> their recent findings in the American Heart Association's journal, \u003cem>Circulation\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts.'\u003ccite>Dr. Ben Levine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The research team recruited individuals between the ages of 45 and 64 who were mostly sedentary but otherwise healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dallas resident Mae Onsry, an accounts payable manager, was 62 at the time. Raising two children and working full time, she says, she never had the flexibility to fit in exercise, although she knew it was important for her health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have my hobbies,\" says Onsry, including ballroom dancing and gardening. But it was nothing routine, nothing \"disciplined,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when she saw a flyer about Levine's study, she signed up — along with 52 other volunteers — for a two-year study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Heart Health\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nParticipants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group engaged in a program of nonaerobic exercise — basic yoga, balance training and weight training — three times a week. The other group, which Onsry was in, was assigned a trainer and did moderate- to high-intensity aerobic exercise for four or more days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two years, the group doing the higher-intensity exercise saw dramatic improvements in heart health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts,\" says Levine. Their hearts processed oxygen more efficiently and were notably less stiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter,\" he says, \"was because their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump a lot more blood during exercise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearts of those engaged in less intense routines didn't change, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key part of the effective exercise regimen was interval training, Levine says — short bursts of high-intensity exercise followed by a few minutes of rest. The study incorporated what are often referred to as \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntnu.edu/cerg/advice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4x4 intervals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an old Norwegian ski team workout,\" Levine explains. \"It means four minutes at 95 percent of your maximal ability, followed by three minutes of active recovery, repeated four times.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-341841 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\">Pushing as hard as you can for four minutes stresses the heart, he explains, and forces it to function more efficiently. Repeating the intervals helps strengthen both the heart and the circulatory system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sweet spot in life to get off the couch and start exercising [if you haven't already] is in late middle age when the heart still has plasticity,\" Levine says. You may not be able to reverse the aging of the vessels if you wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all,\" Levine says. \"We could not change the structure of their heart and blood vessels.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone considering beginning this, or a similarly strenuous exercise program, Levine says, should check with a doctor first and ask about individual health issues that might warrant a less intense program initially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mental Health\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nFor Onsry, who is now 65, the study was life changing. Today she exercises every day of the week, walking and jogging at least 5 miles around the lake near her home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she misses a day, she says, she just doesn't feel as good physically. And the regimen has helped her mental health, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not moody,\" she says. \"I mean — I'm happy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nyulangone.org/doctors/1912084062/nieca-goldberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Nieca Goldberg\u003c/a>, a cardiologist and medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center for Women's Health at NYU Langone Medical Center, and a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's research is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many studies that are done that look at [cardiovascular] health look at improvements in risk factors like high blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes,\" Goldberg says. \"But this study specifically looked at heart function — and how heart function can improve with exercise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldberg says the findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Hearts+Get+%27Younger%2C%27+Even+At+Middle+Age%2C+With+Exercise&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "440080 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440080",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/12/hearts-get-younger-even-at-middle-age-with-exercise/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 929,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 28
},
"modified": 1547069061,
"excerpt": "For those in midlife, getting in shape now may head off decline and help restore an aging heart.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "For those in midlife, getting in shape now may head off decline and help restore an aging heart.",
"title": "Hearts Get 'Younger,' Even At Middle Age, With Exercise | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Hearts Get 'Younger,' Even At Middle Age, With Exercise",
"datePublished": "2018-03-12T17:09:54-07:00",
"dateModified": "2019-01-09T13:24:21-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "hearts-get-younger-even-at-middle-age-with-exercise",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=591513777&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprStoryDate": "Mon, 12 Mar 2018 05:00:00 -0400",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Mon, 12 Mar 2018 16:06:17 -0400",
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/03/12/591513777/hearts-get-younger-even-at-middle-age-with-exercise?ft=nprml&f=591513777",
"nprAudio": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/03/20180312_me_hearts_gets_younger_even_at_middle_age_with_exercise.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=216&p=3&story=591513777&ft=nprml&f=591513777",
"nprImageAgency": "Maria Fabrizio for NPR",
"source": "DIY Health",
"nprAudioM3u": "http://api.npr.org/m3u/1592823667-03c52f.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=216&p=3&story=591513777&ft=nprml&f=591513777",
"nprStoryId": "591513777",
"nprByline": "Patti Neighmond, NPR",
"audioTrackLength": 217,
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Mon, 12 Mar 2018 16:06:00 -0400",
"path": "/futureofyou/440080/hearts-get-younger-even-at-middle-age-with-exercise",
"audioUrl": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/03/20180312_me_hearts_gets_younger_even_at_middle_age_with_exercise.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=216&p=3&story=591513777&ft=nprml&f=591513777",
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eventually it happens to everyone. As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart becomes less flexible, more stiff and just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs \u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/jphysiol.2011.218271/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">show up\u003c/a> in the 50s or early 60s. And among people who don't exercise, the underlying changes can start even sooner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The heart gets smaller — stiffer,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://profiles.utsouthwestern.edu/profile/14262/benjamin-levine.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Ben Levine\u003c/a>, a sports cardiologist at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and director of the Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital, in Dallas.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of the heart muscle as a rubber band, Levine says. In the beginning, the rubber band is flexible and pliable. But put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will emerge dry and brittle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's what happens to the heart and blood vessels,\" he says. And down the road, that sort of stiffness can get worse, he notes, leading to the breathlessness and other symptoms of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMHT0022300/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">heart failure\u003c/a>, an inability of the heart to effectively pump blood to the lungs or throughout the body.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an avid exerciser, getting in shape now may head off that decline and help restore your aging heart. He and his colleagues \u003ca href=\"http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/early/2018/01/03/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030617\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published\u003c/a> their recent findings in the American Heart Association's journal, \u003cem>Circulation\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts.'\u003ccite>Dr. Ben Levine\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The research team recruited individuals between the ages of 45 and 64 who were mostly sedentary but otherwise healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dallas resident Mae Onsry, an accounts payable manager, was 62 at the time. Raising two children and working full time, she says, she never had the flexibility to fit in exercise, although she knew it was important for her health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I have my hobbies,\" says Onsry, including ballroom dancing and gardening. But it was nothing routine, nothing \"disciplined,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when she saw a flyer about Levine's study, she signed up — along with 52 other volunteers — for a two-year study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Heart Health\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nParticipants were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group engaged in a program of nonaerobic exercise — basic yoga, balance training and weight training — three times a week. The other group, which Onsry was in, was assigned a trainer and did moderate- to high-intensity aerobic exercise for four or more days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two years, the group doing the higher-intensity exercise saw dramatic improvements in heart health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30- or 35-year-old hearts,\" says Levine. Their hearts processed oxygen more efficiently and were notably less stiff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter,\" he says, \"was because their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump a lot more blood during exercise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearts of those engaged in less intense routines didn't change, he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key part of the effective exercise regimen was interval training, Levine says — short bursts of high-intensity exercise followed by a few minutes of rest. The study incorporated what are often referred to as \u003ca href=\"https://www.ntnu.edu/cerg/advice\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">4x4 intervals\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an old Norwegian ski team workout,\" Levine explains. \"It means four minutes at 95 percent of your maximal ability, followed by three minutes of active recovery, repeated four times.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-341841 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-960x540.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/02/heart-health_wide-0fa361079eb45d51ec02f0d7448db4e125b1bd9b-1-520x293.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\">Pushing as hard as you can for four minutes stresses the heart, he explains, and forces it to function more efficiently. Repeating the intervals helps strengthen both the heart and the circulatory system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The sweet spot in life to get off the couch and start exercising [if you haven't already] is in late middle age when the heart still has plasticity,\" Levine says. You may not be able to reverse the aging of the vessels if you wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all,\" Levine says. \"We could not change the structure of their heart and blood vessels.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone considering beginning this, or a similarly strenuous exercise program, Levine says, should check with a doctor first and ask about individual health issues that might warrant a less intense program initially.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Mental Health\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nFor Onsry, who is now 65, the study was life changing. Today she exercises every day of the week, walking and jogging at least 5 miles around the lake near her home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If she misses a day, she says, she just doesn't feel as good physically. And the regimen has helped her mental health, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm not moody,\" she says. \"I mean — I'm happy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nyulangone.org/doctors/1912084062/nieca-goldberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Nieca Goldberg\u003c/a>, a cardiologist and medical director of the Joan H. Tisch Center for Women's Health at NYU Langone Medical Center, and a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine's research is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Many studies that are done that look at [cardiovascular] health look at improvements in risk factors like high blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes,\" Goldberg says. \"But this study specifically looked at heart function — and how heart function can improve with exercise.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Goldberg says the findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Hearts+Get+%27Younger%2C%27+Even+At+Middle+Age%2C+With+Exercise&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/440080/hearts-get-younger-even-at-middle-age-with-exercise",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_440080"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_532",
"futureofyou_259",
"futureofyou_743",
"futureofyou_61",
"futureofyou_279",
"futureofyou_1640"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_440081",
"label": "source_futureofyou_440080"
},
"futureofyou_440058": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_440058",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440058",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1520645747000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1520645747,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "When Death Rocks Your World, Maybe You Jump Out Of A Plane",
"title": "When Death Rocks Your World, Maybe You Jump Out Of A Plane",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Welcome to \u003c/em>Invisibilia\u003cem> Season 4! The NPR program and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510307/invisibilia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">podcast\u003c/a> \u003cem>explores the invisible forces that shape human behavior, and we here at Shots are joining in to probe the often tenuous line between perception and reality. Here's a personal essay by the host that expands on Episode 1.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are lots of times when moms ask us to do things we don't want to do. Move the car. Wipe down the table. Get a haircut. Call the great aunt on her birthday. Figure out why my new phone is making a weird buzzy sound and why can't I get into my Facebook account and, you get the picture. My mom? Last fall she asked me to jump out of an airplane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, I am generally not a person hindered by fear. As a child I was the one chosen by cousins to play the monster under the bed because I could happily hide in the dark by myself for hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lately I have developed just one single deep, visceral, nausea-inducing fear. And just my luck, it's a fear of heights. I noticed it one afternoon when I took my son and his friend to visit the Sears Tower in Chicago and walked out onto the glass balcony. Looking down at the city under my feet, I got so dizzy that I stumbled backwards and knocked over a small child behind me.[contextly_sidebar id=\"T0KaXQE0R7cWrjpzbwqVmpnvKGxiugGc\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Intellectually, I recognized that this newfound phobia was probably some glitch of biology. My doctor blamed it on my balance getting worse with age. One \u003ca href=\"https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16658-fear-of-heights-linked-to-vertical-perception/\">theory\u003c/a> is that your vertical perception deteriorates, and you get worse at approximating distances. It might just be that having children makes you less of a daredevil. Whatever it is, the fear was making it hard for me to be a dutiful daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're so afraid, then why are you doing it?\" all my friends asked, which was the obvious, reasonable question. But I didn't feel that I had a choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year earlier, my mother's husband — my father — died quickly and unexpectedly of a rare form of cancer. They'd been married for 51 years. They had done everything together. He drove her to the subway every morning, picked her up in the evening, made her tea every night. After he died she was in a permanent state of shock. All her bossiness, humor, vitality — gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Up there, she would catch a glimpse of her husband.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Then on the first anniversary of his death she sent me a text. It was a link to a place called \u003ca href=\"https://www.skydivecrosskeys.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Skydive Cross Keys\u003c/a> outside Philadelphia, with a photo of a guy doing two thumbs up as he tumbled out of a plane. My mom is 74, and not at all physically adventurous, or any kind of adventurous. She's never even ridden a bike. The fact that she wanted to jump out of an airplane meant that some revolution was brewing inside her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Skydiving\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nShe'd gotten it in her head that skydiving was the one thing that would help her move forward. Her logic has to do with my father having been a paratrooper in the Israeli Army and also one other thing: \"Up there we will say 'hello' and meet someday,\" is what she texted me. Up there, she would catch a glimpse of her husband. Deliver a message. Then separate, but vow to meet again soon. It was a little alarming and death-wishy but you'd have to have a heart of coal not to sign on.[contextly_sidebar id=\"7tFZL7meuZs2d5uRNAoS1Ukn64EacBVA\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Can't you just wait for her on the ground?\" my friends asked. But that seemed like cheating. Who would send a 74-year old woman into the barren sky, alone? Plus, if she could make such a sudden radical shift, couldn't I? I've watched a few episodes of the \u003ca href=\"http://abc.go.com/shows/the-view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">View\u003c/a>. If a woman my age has fear, her only option is \"conquer.\" If two women — and especially a mother and daughter — go on a road trip, their only option is to \"push beyond their limits\" and \"awaken something within.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Determined, I put my trust in Google, hoping to find some celestial inspiration. This was an amateur Internet error. \"Skydiver dies in parachute malfunction.\" \"Three skydivers die after mid-air collision.\" \"How I Survived a Skydiving Accident.\" Tabloids and YouTube love them a skydiving accident. That last one involved a tandem skydive in which the instructor's parachute and then emergency parachute failed to open, because it was too busy strangling him unconscious.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Determined, I put my trust in Google, hoping to find some celestial inspiration.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>I had made zero progress when, on the morning of our jump, my mother picked me up at the Philadelphia train station. She drove us out to the open field and I sat next to her, recording the trip with my microphone — both to steady my hands and take my mind off visions of accidental strangling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sky grew increasingly gray and the wind picked up, I tried to hide my relief. I had done enough Googling to know that no respectable outfit will let you skydive when the weather turns south. We arrived and the receptionist's face made it clear: We were not going to skydive that day. My mother begged, and I went to the bathroom to secretly high five myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mother, however, is the most stubborn person on Earth, so a week later we were road-tripping again. And this time, clear skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is where I wish I could bring in the rousing music to indicate inner limits dissolving in open air. Unfortunately, I am too much of a realist. \"Skydiving\" is such a majestic term, a centuries old dream of being freer than free that dates back to Leonardo DaVinci's first sketch of a parachute. But to me, it is what it is. You fly 12,000 feet up in a rickety airplane, and then walk out the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mom took two old sweatshirts and sewed the letters E-L-I onto them for us. That was my father's name. Eli. In Hebrew it suggests ascending to God, something up high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sat in the back of the tiny plane as we climbed up high, trying not to look out the window and track how very far up we were going. The skydiving video guy tried to get me to say I was excited, but in the video I just nod my head no and stare grimly ahead. First a young guy ahead of us tumbled out the door. My mom was next. She took her position at the edge of the open door, and the instructor adjusted her arms and chin. I watched with growing terror as a stranger pushed my mother out an airplane door and then it was my turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'The Shadow of Temperament'\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPsychologist Jerome Kagan has done many studies on \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/04/magazine/04anxiety-t.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fear and the anxious mind\u003c/a>. His theory is that we are all born with a certain temperament — either more or less fearful — and while we can work mightily and successfully against our natural instincts, we can never fully overcome them. He calls it \"the shadow of temperament.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conclusion has always struck me as gentle and generous towards the fearful, because it allows them to brave unknown territory while still holding onto their essential selves. But what about the naturally fearless, like me? Nobody talks much about what happens when they stray into the unfamiliar territory of deep fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I jumped. I don't know how it happened but it did. The instructor I was attached to just moved me to the door and I was out. I remember that it was freezing, and my ears hurt a lot. I remember he asked me, \"Are you OK?\" because I imagine most people, at some point during the jump, marvel at the beauty below. I can't say I ever did relax and enjoy the view. I just kept thinking, \"DOWNDOWNDOWN\" until we were down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the standard video they ask everyone if they would do it again. My mom answered an ecstatic \"Yes\" before he got the question out. My answer was \"#$@%* No!\" and then I think I mumbled, \"Why do humans do this to themselves?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, I did not get over my particular fear or push beyond my limits or awaken anything within except a terrifying jolt that hits every time I step onto an airplane. It's a very unfamiliar feeling for me, but maybe I can adopt a bit of Kagan's generosity in this situation and accept that I will experience this one little pocket of terror without betraying who I am. At the very least, it made my mom happy. Because after a long, crushing year, she got to be the brave one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Invisibilia%3A+When+Death+Rocks+Your+World%2C+Maybe+You+Jump+Out+Of+A+Plane&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "440058 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440058",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/09/when-death-rocks-your-world-maybe-you-jump-out-of-a-plane/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1508,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 24
},
"modified": 1521074565,
"excerpt": "How do people cope when something happens that fundamentally shifts how they view themselves?",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "How do people cope when something happens that fundamentally shifts how they view themselves?",
"title": "When Death Rocks Your World, Maybe You Jump Out Of A Plane | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "When Death Rocks Your World, Maybe You Jump Out Of A Plane",
"datePublished": "2018-03-09T17:35:47-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-03-14T17:42:45-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "when-death-rocks-your-world-maybe-you-jump-out-of-a-plane",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=590933697&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprByline": "Hanna Rosin\u003cbr />NPR Shots",
"nprStoryDate": "Fri, 09 Mar 2018 05:00:00 -0500",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Fri, 09 Mar 2018 14:03:17 -0500",
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/03/09/590933697/invisibilia-when-death-rocks-your-world-maybe-you-jump-out-of-a-plane?ft=nprml&f=590933697",
"nprAudio": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/03/20180309_me_invisibilia_when_death_rocks_your_world_maybe_you_jump_out_of_a_plane.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=440&p=3&story=590933697&ft=nprml&f=590933697",
"nprImageAgency": "Sara Wong for NPR",
"source": "DYI Health",
"nprAudioM3u": "http://api.npr.org/m3u/1592196635-9a655f.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=440&p=3&story=590933697&ft=nprml&f=590933697",
"nprStoryId": "590933697",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Fri, 09 Mar 2018 08:00:00 -0500",
"path": "/futureofyou/440058/when-death-rocks-your-world-maybe-you-jump-out-of-a-plane",
"audioUrl": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/03/20180309_me_invisibilia_when_death_rocks_your_world_maybe_you_jump_out_of_a_plane.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=440&p=3&story=590933697&ft=nprml&f=590933697",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Welcome to \u003c/em>Invisibilia\u003cem> Season 4! The NPR program and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510307/invisibilia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">podcast\u003c/a> \u003cem>explores the invisible forces that shape human behavior, and we here at Shots are joining in to probe the often tenuous line between perception and reality. Here's a personal essay by the host that expands on Episode 1.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are lots of times when moms ask us to do things we don't want to do. Move the car. Wipe down the table. Get a haircut. Call the great aunt on her birthday. Figure out why my new phone is making a weird buzzy sound and why can't I get into my Facebook account and, you get the picture. My mom? Last fall she asked me to jump out of an airplane.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, I am generally not a person hindered by fear. As a child I was the one chosen by cousins to play the monster under the bed because I could happily hide in the dark by myself for hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But lately I have developed just one single deep, visceral, nausea-inducing fear. And just my luck, it's a fear of heights. I noticed it one afternoon when I took my son and his friend to visit the Sears Tower in Chicago and walked out onto the glass balcony. Looking down at the city under my feet, I got so dizzy that I stumbled backwards and knocked over a small child behind me.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Intellectually, I recognized that this newfound phobia was probably some glitch of biology. My doctor blamed it on my balance getting worse with age. One \u003ca href=\"https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn16658-fear-of-heights-linked-to-vertical-perception/\">theory\u003c/a> is that your vertical perception deteriorates, and you get worse at approximating distances. It might just be that having children makes you less of a daredevil. Whatever it is, the fear was making it hard for me to be a dutiful daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you're so afraid, then why are you doing it?\" all my friends asked, which was the obvious, reasonable question. But I didn't feel that I had a choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year earlier, my mother's husband — my father — died quickly and unexpectedly of a rare form of cancer. They'd been married for 51 years. They had done everything together. He drove her to the subway every morning, picked her up in the evening, made her tea every night. After he died she was in a permanent state of shock. All her bossiness, humor, vitality — gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Up there, she would catch a glimpse of her husband.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Then on the first anniversary of his death she sent me a text. It was a link to a place called \u003ca href=\"https://www.skydivecrosskeys.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Skydive Cross Keys\u003c/a> outside Philadelphia, with a photo of a guy doing two thumbs up as he tumbled out of a plane. My mom is 74, and not at all physically adventurous, or any kind of adventurous. She's never even ridden a bike. The fact that she wanted to jump out of an airplane meant that some revolution was brewing inside her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Skydiving\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nShe'd gotten it in her head that skydiving was the one thing that would help her move forward. Her logic has to do with my father having been a paratrooper in the Israeli Army and also one other thing: \"Up there we will say 'hello' and meet someday,\" is what she texted me. Up there, she would catch a glimpse of her husband. Deliver a message. Then separate, but vow to meet again soon. It was a little alarming and death-wishy but you'd have to have a heart of coal not to sign on.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Can't you just wait for her on the ground?\" my friends asked. But that seemed like cheating. Who would send a 74-year old woman into the barren sky, alone? Plus, if she could make such a sudden radical shift, couldn't I? I've watched a few episodes of the \u003ca href=\"http://abc.go.com/shows/the-view\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">View\u003c/a>. If a woman my age has fear, her only option is \"conquer.\" If two women — and especially a mother and daughter — go on a road trip, their only option is to \"push beyond their limits\" and \"awaken something within.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Determined, I put my trust in Google, hoping to find some celestial inspiration. This was an amateur Internet error. \"Skydiver dies in parachute malfunction.\" \"Three skydivers die after mid-air collision.\" \"How I Survived a Skydiving Accident.\" Tabloids and YouTube love them a skydiving accident. That last one involved a tandem skydive in which the instructor's parachute and then emergency parachute failed to open, because it was too busy strangling him unconscious.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Determined, I put my trust in Google, hoping to find some celestial inspiration.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>I had made zero progress when, on the morning of our jump, my mother picked me up at the Philadelphia train station. She drove us out to the open field and I sat next to her, recording the trip with my microphone — both to steady my hands and take my mind off visions of accidental strangling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the sky grew increasingly gray and the wind picked up, I tried to hide my relief. I had done enough Googling to know that no respectable outfit will let you skydive when the weather turns south. We arrived and the receptionist's face made it clear: We were not going to skydive that day. My mother begged, and I went to the bathroom to secretly high five myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mother, however, is the most stubborn person on Earth, so a week later we were road-tripping again. And this time, clear skies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is where I wish I could bring in the rousing music to indicate inner limits dissolving in open air. Unfortunately, I am too much of a realist. \"Skydiving\" is such a majestic term, a centuries old dream of being freer than free that dates back to Leonardo DaVinci's first sketch of a parachute. But to me, it is what it is. You fly 12,000 feet up in a rickety airplane, and then walk out the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mom took two old sweatshirts and sewed the letters E-L-I onto them for us. That was my father's name. Eli. In Hebrew it suggests ascending to God, something up high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I sat in the back of the tiny plane as we climbed up high, trying not to look out the window and track how very far up we were going. The skydiving video guy tried to get me to say I was excited, but in the video I just nod my head no and stare grimly ahead. First a young guy ahead of us tumbled out the door. My mom was next. She took her position at the edge of the open door, and the instructor adjusted her arms and chin. I watched with growing terror as a stranger pushed my mother out an airplane door and then it was my turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'The Shadow of Temperament'\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nPsychologist Jerome Kagan has done many studies on \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/04/magazine/04anxiety-t.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fear and the anxious mind\u003c/a>. His theory is that we are all born with a certain temperament — either more or less fearful — and while we can work mightily and successfully against our natural instincts, we can never fully overcome them. He calls it \"the shadow of temperament.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conclusion has always struck me as gentle and generous towards the fearful, because it allows them to brave unknown territory while still holding onto their essential selves. But what about the naturally fearless, like me? Nobody talks much about what happens when they stray into the unfamiliar territory of deep fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I jumped. I don't know how it happened but it did. The instructor I was attached to just moved me to the door and I was out. I remember that it was freezing, and my ears hurt a lot. I remember he asked me, \"Are you OK?\" because I imagine most people, at some point during the jump, marvel at the beauty below. I can't say I ever did relax and enjoy the view. I just kept thinking, \"DOWNDOWNDOWN\" until we were down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the standard video they ask everyone if they would do it again. My mom answered an ecstatic \"Yes\" before he got the question out. My answer was \"#$@%* No!\" and then I think I mumbled, \"Why do humans do this to themselves?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, I did not get over my particular fear or push beyond my limits or awaken anything within except a terrifying jolt that hits every time I step onto an airplane. It's a very unfamiliar feeling for me, but maybe I can adopt a bit of Kagan's generosity in this situation and accept that I will experience this one little pocket of terror without betraying who I am. At the very least, it made my mom happy. Because after a long, crushing year, she got to be the brave one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Invisibilia%3A+When+Death+Rocks+Your+World%2C+Maybe+You+Jump+Out+Of+A+Plane&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/440058/when-death-rocks-your-world-maybe-you-jump-out-of-a-plane",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_440058"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_103",
"futureofyou_1327",
"futureofyou_61",
"futureofyou_1224"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_440059",
"label": "source_futureofyou_440058"
},
"futureofyou_440049": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_440049",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440049",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1520644484000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1520644484,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "Does Tamiflu Work? We Asked a Scientist",
"title": "Does Tamiflu Work? We Asked a Scientist",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"581\" height=\"326\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AhgM59sAMzY\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s flu season has killed nearly 100 children, and led to more than 1,100\u003ca href=\"https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/fluview/FluHospChars.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> hospitalizations per week\u003c/a> — a rate the U.S. has not seen in more than 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the flu strikes, many rush to the doctor for Tamiflu, a popular drug \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm188859.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">approved to treat\u003c/a> influenza’s basic symptoms and keep the virus from multiplying in the body. But doctors also prescribe the drug to tackle or prevent the flu’s life-threatening complications, like pneumonia and asthma attacks.[contextly_sidebar id=\"dEWuUGFvsMLSs6WLCNtEK2hWhwTOp878\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NewsHour asked a drug safety researcher, a virologist at a children’s hospital and a medical officer at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention whether Tamiflu delivers on these claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Does Tamiflu Do?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTamiflu is an antiviral drug that blocks an enzyme called neuraminidase, which helps the flu virus replicate and spread through your body. Most flu researchers agree on the basics — that Tamiflu will reduce symptoms, like stuffy nose, sore throat, fever and tiredness, which is something many over-the-counter medications do too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ideal scenarios is to start [Tamiflu] treatment as soon as possible,” said Dr. Elena Govorkova, laboratory director in the division of virology at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn. “The most efficacy is received when treatment starts within 48 hours after symptoms start to appear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Govorkova said Tamiflu is clinically proven to reduce the duration of influenza symptoms by one to two days, which may not seem like much. “But when you have thousands people infected, especially if people are working, it makes, of course, a huge impact,” Govorkova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-439428 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-89182311-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\">But broader claims about Tamiflu’s effectiveness made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conflict with those of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, according to drug safety researcher Peter Doshi at the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/antivirals/whatyoushould.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> describes Tamiflu\u003c/a> as a drug that may “reduce the risk of complications such as ear infections in children, and pneumonia and hospitalizations in adults.” The FDA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gene.com/download/pdf/tamiflu_prescribing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drug label\u003c/a> for Tamiflu, however, says the remedy “has not been shown to prevent such complications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doshi, who supports the FDA’s position, said this difference of view is a public health concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tim Uyeki, chief medical officer for the CDC’s influenza division, disagrees with the FDA’s narrow definition. He said the two agencies are acting according to their respective missions. Whereas the FDA approves drugs based on strict “controlled trials,” Uyeki said, the CDC is not a regulatory authority.[contextly_sidebar id=\"LkP32YkNx63Kd1oVIhjfC2XPuqIHqxai\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the CDC makes recommendations for public health based on a broader, albeit less strict, body of evidence, Uyeki said. For example, it gathers “observational data,” such as years of notes on flu patients who walk into hospitals seeking treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on this observational data, Uyeki said that oseltamivir — the generic name for antivirals that include Tamiflu — can improve survival against the worst flu complications, especially when the drug is compared to no treatment at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reviewing The Evidence\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>But Doshi said the leap from ‘reducing symptoms’ to ‘preventing complications’ is a stretch. When asked if Tamiflu provides additional benefits against the worst of the flu, Doshi said, “That’s where the evidence gets very dicey very quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2009, Doshi’s team got a\u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/suppl/2009/12/07/bmj.b5106.DC1/jeft726562.ww1_default.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> tip from a pediatrician\u003c/a> that the data for the Tamiflu clinical trials were not publicly accessible. This pediatrician noticed the claims on Tamiflu’s effectiveness were based on manufacturer-funded studies. That discovery prompted Doshi’s three-year effort to obtain and analyze the studies behind Tamiflu’s FDA approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doshi’s team concluded in a 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g2545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cochrane review\u003c/a> article that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g2545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clinical trial data\u003c/a> did not support the broader claims made about Tamiflu. The team looked at clinical study reports for 83 trials and found no improvement for admission-to-hospital rates, pneumonia or bronchitis. However, they did see a more than 50 percent reduction in influenza symptoms.[contextly_sidebar id=\"UhKr6k2joqSbmBiSd5fm7An0GzEUsPyo\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uyeki said Doshi’s review has had a tremendous influence because of the worldwide reach of\u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g2545\"> Cochrane\u003c/a>, but added that the results are misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uyeki called Doshi’s evidence “watered down” because it relied on patients who had influenza-like symptoms, but were not necessarily confirmed by laboratory testing to have the flu. Many different viral infections and some bacterial infections can mimic “flu-like” symptoms. So if one patient received Tamiflu and did not have the flu, then he or she may have skewed Doshi’s data, Uyeki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cochrane review focused on “influenza-like” illness as an outcome because that’s “the thing people want to avoid,” Doshi said, adding that the outcomes with pneumonia and hospitalizations are the same, regardless of whether you’re looking at flu-like cases or lab-confirmed cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Govorkova said that Tamiflu can reduce the chances of catching pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explains: Pneumonia is caused by bacteria, not the influenza virus. But the flu virus, in some cases, can predispose receptors on the epithelial cells lining our throats and lungs to become infected with pneumonia-causing bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Tamiflu] is not for the treatment of pneumonia — you must use antibiotics,” Govorkova said. “But because [Tamiflu] is very specific for influenza virus, if you start early, you can eliminate influenza virus from the body. And because of that, pneumonia cannot occur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors may also prescribe Tamiflu in cases, she said, when another remedy isn’t available — \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/202/8/1149/926161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">such as during avian\u003c/a> H5N1 influenza outbreaks. “Vaccines were not available for prevention purposes, so they were giving Tamiflu even after 48 hours of exposure,” Govorkova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why This Debate Matters\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Doshi and Uyeki do agree that underlying chronic conditions — like asthma, obesity, diabetes and heart disease — can worsen a flu case by expanding the amount of time the virus spends multiplying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>…patients should consult their doctors on whether Tamiflu could be helpful. They should also make sure to take the full course of medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with the flood of alarming media and rising flu-related hospitalizations, Doshi worries people will begin to count on Tamiflu to save lives. He said viral stories, such as those about a Texas \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-43039036\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">teacher\u003c/a> or a New Hampshire \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-5331999/Mother-four-killed-flu-refusing-Tamiflu.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mother\u003c/a>, that link their flu-related deaths to refusing Tamiflu, lead people to believe Tamiflu is a “wonder drug” that could help the situation in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Those stories] project this sense that we’re certain that if only she had taken Tamiflu she would be alive today, and we don’t have any evidence to know that that’s the case,” Doshi said. “So it really spreads a dangerous message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Govorkova said patients should consult their doctors on whether Tamiflu could be helpful. They should also make sure to take the full course of medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people drop out early or take it once a day rather than twice a day, she said, and this should be avoided because it can cause the emergence of Tamiflu-resistant flu strains.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "440049 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440049",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/09/does-tamiflu-work/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1235,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 31
},
"modified": 1520993289,
"excerpt": "This year’s flu season has killed nearly 100 children, and led to over 1,100 hospitalizations per week.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "This year’s flu season has killed nearly 100 children, and led to over 1,100 hospitalizations per week.",
"title": "Does Tamiflu Work? We Asked a Scientist | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Does Tamiflu Work? We Asked a Scientist",
"datePublished": "2018-03-09T17:14:44-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-03-13T19:08:09-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "does-tamiflu-work",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Teresa Carey\u003cbr />Nsikan Akpan\u003cbr />PBS NewsHour",
"source": "DIY Health",
"path": "/futureofyou/440049/does-tamiflu-work",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"581\" height=\"326\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/AhgM59sAMzY\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s flu season has killed nearly 100 children, and led to more than 1,100\u003ca href=\"https://gis.cdc.gov/grasp/fluview/FluHospChars.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> hospitalizations per week\u003c/a> — a rate the U.S. has not seen in more than 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the flu strikes, many rush to the doctor for Tamiflu, a popular drug \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm188859.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">approved to treat\u003c/a> influenza’s basic symptoms and keep the virus from multiplying in the body. But doctors also prescribe the drug to tackle or prevent the flu’s life-threatening complications, like pneumonia and asthma attacks.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NewsHour asked a drug safety researcher, a virologist at a children’s hospital and a medical officer at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention whether Tamiflu delivers on these claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What Does Tamiflu Do?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTamiflu is an antiviral drug that blocks an enzyme called neuraminidase, which helps the flu virus replicate and spread through your body. Most flu researchers agree on the basics — that Tamiflu will reduce symptoms, like stuffy nose, sore throat, fever and tiredness, which is something many over-the-counter medications do too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ideal scenarios is to start [Tamiflu] treatment as soon as possible,” said Dr. Elena Govorkova, laboratory director in the division of virology at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, Tenn. “The most efficacy is received when treatment starts within 48 hours after symptoms start to appear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Govorkova said Tamiflu is clinically proven to reduce the duration of influenza symptoms by one to two days, which may not seem like much. “But when you have thousands people infected, especially if people are working, it makes, of course, a huge impact,” Govorkova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-439428 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2018/02/GettyImages-89182311-800x544.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"544\">But broader claims about Tamiflu’s effectiveness made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conflict with those of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, according to drug safety researcher Peter Doshi at the University of Maryland School of Pharmacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/antivirals/whatyoushould.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> describes Tamiflu\u003c/a> as a drug that may “reduce the risk of complications such as ear infections in children, and pneumonia and hospitalizations in adults.” The FDA’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gene.com/download/pdf/tamiflu_prescribing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">drug label\u003c/a> for Tamiflu, however, says the remedy “has not been shown to prevent such complications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doshi, who supports the FDA’s position, said this difference of view is a public health concern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Tim Uyeki, chief medical officer for the CDC’s influenza division, disagrees with the FDA’s narrow definition. He said the two agencies are acting according to their respective missions. Whereas the FDA approves drugs based on strict “controlled trials,” Uyeki said, the CDC is not a regulatory authority.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the CDC makes recommendations for public health based on a broader, albeit less strict, body of evidence, Uyeki said. For example, it gathers “observational data,” such as years of notes on flu patients who walk into hospitals seeking treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on this observational data, Uyeki said that oseltamivir — the generic name for antivirals that include Tamiflu — can improve survival against the worst flu complications, especially when the drug is compared to no treatment at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Reviewing The Evidence\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>But Doshi said the leap from ‘reducing symptoms’ to ‘preventing complications’ is a stretch. When asked if Tamiflu provides additional benefits against the worst of the flu, Doshi said, “That’s where the evidence gets very dicey very quickly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2009, Doshi’s team got a\u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/suppl/2009/12/07/bmj.b5106.DC1/jeft726562.ww1_default.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> tip from a pediatrician\u003c/a> that the data for the Tamiflu clinical trials were not publicly accessible. This pediatrician noticed the claims on Tamiflu’s effectiveness were based on manufacturer-funded studies. That discovery prompted Doshi’s three-year effort to obtain and analyze the studies behind Tamiflu’s FDA approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doshi’s team concluded in a 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g2545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cochrane review\u003c/a> article that the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g2545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">clinical trial data\u003c/a> did not support the broader claims made about Tamiflu. The team looked at clinical study reports for 83 trials and found no improvement for admission-to-hospital rates, pneumonia or bronchitis. However, they did see a more than 50 percent reduction in influenza symptoms.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uyeki said Doshi’s review has had a tremendous influence because of the worldwide reach of\u003ca href=\"http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g2545\"> Cochrane\u003c/a>, but added that the results are misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Uyeki called Doshi’s evidence “watered down” because it relied on patients who had influenza-like symptoms, but were not necessarily confirmed by laboratory testing to have the flu. Many different viral infections and some bacterial infections can mimic “flu-like” symptoms. So if one patient received Tamiflu and did not have the flu, then he or she may have skewed Doshi’s data, Uyeki said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cochrane review focused on “influenza-like” illness as an outcome because that’s “the thing people want to avoid,” Doshi said, adding that the outcomes with pneumonia and hospitalizations are the same, regardless of whether you’re looking at flu-like cases or lab-confirmed cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Govorkova said that Tamiflu can reduce the chances of catching pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explains: Pneumonia is caused by bacteria, not the influenza virus. But the flu virus, in some cases, can predispose receptors on the epithelial cells lining our throats and lungs to become infected with pneumonia-causing bacteria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Tamiflu] is not for the treatment of pneumonia — you must use antibiotics,” Govorkova said. “But because [Tamiflu] is very specific for influenza virus, if you start early, you can eliminate influenza virus from the body. And because of that, pneumonia cannot occur.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doctors may also prescribe Tamiflu in cases, she said, when another remedy isn’t available — \u003ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/202/8/1149/926161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">such as during avian\u003c/a> H5N1 influenza outbreaks. “Vaccines were not available for prevention purposes, so they were giving Tamiflu even after 48 hours of exposure,” Govorkova said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why This Debate Matters\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Doshi and Uyeki do agree that underlying chronic conditions — like asthma, obesity, diabetes and heart disease — can worsen a flu case by expanding the amount of time the virus spends multiplying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>…patients should consult their doctors on whether Tamiflu could be helpful. They should also make sure to take the full course of medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with the flood of alarming media and rising flu-related hospitalizations, Doshi worries people will begin to count on Tamiflu to save lives. He said viral stories, such as those about a Texas \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-43039036\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">teacher\u003c/a> or a New Hampshire \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-5331999/Mother-four-killed-flu-refusing-Tamiflu.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mother\u003c/a>, that link their flu-related deaths to refusing Tamiflu, lead people to believe Tamiflu is a “wonder drug” that could help the situation in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Those stories] project this sense that we’re certain that if only she had taken Tamiflu she would be alive today, and we don’t have any evidence to know that that’s the case,” Doshi said. “So it really spreads a dangerous message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Govorkova said patients should consult their doctors on whether Tamiflu could be helpful. They should also make sure to take the full course of medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some people drop out early or take it once a day rather than twice a day, she said, and this should be avoided because it can cause the emergence of Tamiflu-resistant flu strains.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/440049/does-tamiflu-work",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_440049"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_190",
"futureofyou_952",
"futureofyou_662",
"futureofyou_61",
"futureofyou_1056"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_440051",
"label": "source_futureofyou_440049"
},
"futureofyou_440020": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_440020",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "440020",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1520362726000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1520362726,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "FDA Approves First Direct-to-Consumer Test for Breast Cancer Risk",
"title": "FDA Approves First Direct-to-Consumer Test for Breast Cancer Risk",
"headTitle": "Future of You | KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>Federal regulators approved the first direct-to-consumer test for the BRCA genes, which increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer, the agency announced on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2017/04/07/genetic-analysis-need-to-know/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">23andMe\u003c/a>, uses a saliva sample. But it assesses only three of the more than 1,000 known BRCA1/2 mutations, raising concerns that women who are told they do not have any of those variants will be lulled into believing that, as a result, they do not have an elevated risk for breast and ovarian cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three specific BRCA1/BRCA2 breast cancer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/439059/why-even-siblings-can-get-different-ancestry-results-from-dna-tests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gene mutations \u003c/a>are most common in people with Ashkenazi (Eastern European) Jewish ancestry, accounting for more than 90 percent of their risk of heritable breast and ovarian cancer. But even in this population only 2 percent of women carry any of these three so-called “founder” mutations, the FDA said. Women with one of the mutations have a 45 percent to 85 percent chance of developing breast cancer by age 70, 23andMe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"n8fyxUwdBRcgBMG96UbMv2Lu8p4ZNItq\"]But these three variants are not the most common BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations in the general population: No more than 0.1 percent of women with non-Ashkenazi ancestry carry the mutations. “A negative result does not rule out the possibility that an individual carries other BRCA mutations that increase cancer risk,” the FDA warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Test Limitations\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 23andMe test “is a step forward in the availability of DTC genetic tests,” Donald St. Pierre, acting director of the FDA’s Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health, said in a statement. “But it has a lot of caveats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency therefore warned that individuals and their physicians should not use the test results to make decisions about treatments, including prophylactic removal of the breasts or ovaries. That should be based on more extensive testing. Myriad Genetics, which developed the first BRCA1/2 tests, assesses DNA for thousands of variants; it has long \u003ca href=\"http://investor.myriad.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=1021443\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">warned\u003c/a> that other tests, which came on the market after the Supreme Court threw out Myriad’s key BRCA patents, could mislead women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, most cases of breast cancer are not hereditary, from BRCA or other mutations, but “sporadic,” meaning they arise at random or from smoking, obesity, exposure to toxic chemicals, hormone use, and other environmental factors.[contextly_sidebar id=\"ixqQWxrYKmKKTNT32BcHv1EguBJm96pF\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At a minimum, 23andMe should be clear with people about what their test is and isn’t and present the information in a fair and balanced way that the average person can understand,” said Myriad spokesman Ron Rogers, who added that some customers might be uncomfortable about 23andMe’s \u003ca href=\"https://gizmodo.com/what-dna-testing-companies-terrifying-privacy-policies-1819158337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">selling\u003c/a> of genetic information to third parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For women with Ashkenazi ancestry, the test “is not too bad as a screen,” said Robert Cook-Deegan of Arizona State University, a longtime scholar in the field of genomics ethics and law. “But for other groups with different founder mutations, and there are many, it won’t help much. There’s a big need for users to understand that nuance, which is not widely understood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Direct-to-Consumer Tests\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe FDA’s decision was based on data from 23andMe showing that its test can accurately identify the three genetic variants in saliva samples. The privately held company also submitted studies showing that consumers understood the report it will send to customers on what the results might mean, how to interpret them, and where to find additional information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being the first and only direct-to-consumer genetics company to receive FDA authorization to test for cancer risk without a prescription is a major milestone for 23andMe and for the consumer,” Anne Wojcicki, 23andMe CEO and co-founder, said in a statement. “We believe it’s important for consumers to have direct and affordable access to this potentially life-saving information. … This authorization is incredibly valuable for those who might not be aware of their Ashkenazi Jewish descent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She, too, emphasized that “our test does not account for all genetic variants that can cause a higher risk of cancer, and people should continue with their recommended cancer screenings.” Myriad, for instance, has identified some 20,000 BRCA1/2 variants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision follows one last year in which the FDA gave 23andMe the go-ahead to sell DNA tests assessing customers’ risk of 10 diseases, including Parkinson’s and late-onset Alzheimer’s. Those were the first FDA-approved direct-to-consumer tests for genetic risk of any disease or condition, which the agency said could help people make lifestyle decisions. At the time, the FDA also warned that genetic risk for complex diseases is not a sure thing: People whose 23andMe test does not find genetic variants that increase the risk of a disease can still develop it, and people whose DNA test shows no disease-causing variants might not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BRCA test will be part of 23andme’s $199 Health + Ancestry test. Existing customers can opt to receive BRCA information for no additional cost, and as with the other disease-risk tests they as well as new customers must specifically choose to receive the information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My libertarian streak says this, properly understood, is a good thing that increases access,” said Cook-Deegan, “although I do worry about proliferation of commercial purveyors as the sources of information and keeping the data.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "440020 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=440020",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/06/fda-approves-first-direct-to-consumer-test-for-breast-cancer-risk/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 926,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 17
},
"modified": 1520993549,
"excerpt": "The test is a step forward in the availability of DTC genetic tests but it comes with caveats.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The test is a step forward in the availability of DTC genetic tests but it comes with caveats.",
"title": "FDA Approves First Direct-to-Consumer Test for Breast Cancer Risk | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "FDA Approves First Direct-to-Consumer Test for Breast Cancer Risk",
"datePublished": "2018-03-06T10:58:46-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-03-13T19:12:29-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "fda-approves-first-direct-to-consumer-test-for-breast-cancer-risk",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Sharon Begley\u003cbr />STAT",
"source": "DIY Health",
"path": "/futureofyou/440020/fda-approves-first-direct-to-consumer-test-for-breast-cancer-risk",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Federal regulators approved the first direct-to-consumer test for the BRCA genes, which increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer, the agency announced on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The test for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2017/04/07/genetic-analysis-need-to-know/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">23andMe\u003c/a>, uses a saliva sample. But it assesses only three of the more than 1,000 known BRCA1/2 mutations, raising concerns that women who are told they do not have any of those variants will be lulled into believing that, as a result, they do not have an elevated risk for breast and ovarian cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three specific BRCA1/BRCA2 breast cancer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/futureofyou/439059/why-even-siblings-can-get-different-ancestry-results-from-dna-tests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">gene mutations \u003c/a>are most common in people with Ashkenazi (Eastern European) Jewish ancestry, accounting for more than 90 percent of their risk of heritable breast and ovarian cancer. But even in this population only 2 percent of women carry any of these three so-called “founder” mutations, the FDA said. Women with one of the mutations have a 45 percent to 85 percent chance of developing breast cancer by age 70, 23andMe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>But these three variants are not the most common BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations in the general population: No more than 0.1 percent of women with non-Ashkenazi ancestry carry the mutations. “A negative result does not rule out the possibility that an individual carries other BRCA mutations that increase cancer risk,” the FDA warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Test Limitations\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe 23andMe test “is a step forward in the availability of DTC genetic tests,” Donald St. Pierre, acting director of the FDA’s Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health, said in a statement. “But it has a lot of caveats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency therefore warned that individuals and their physicians should not use the test results to make decisions about treatments, including prophylactic removal of the breasts or ovaries. That should be based on more extensive testing. Myriad Genetics, which developed the first BRCA1/2 tests, assesses DNA for thousands of variants; it has long \u003ca href=\"http://investor.myriad.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=1021443\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">warned\u003c/a> that other tests, which came on the market after the Supreme Court threw out Myriad’s key BRCA patents, could mislead women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, most cases of breast cancer are not hereditary, from BRCA or other mutations, but “sporadic,” meaning they arise at random or from smoking, obesity, exposure to toxic chemicals, hormone use, and other environmental factors.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At a minimum, 23andMe should be clear with people about what their test is and isn’t and present the information in a fair and balanced way that the average person can understand,” said Myriad spokesman Ron Rogers, who added that some customers might be uncomfortable about 23andMe’s \u003ca href=\"https://gizmodo.com/what-dna-testing-companies-terrifying-privacy-policies-1819158337\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">selling\u003c/a> of genetic information to third parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For women with Ashkenazi ancestry, the test “is not too bad as a screen,” said Robert Cook-Deegan of Arizona State University, a longtime scholar in the field of genomics ethics and law. “But for other groups with different founder mutations, and there are many, it won’t help much. There’s a big need for users to understand that nuance, which is not widely understood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Direct-to-Consumer Tests\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe FDA’s decision was based on data from 23andMe showing that its test can accurately identify the three genetic variants in saliva samples. The privately held company also submitted studies showing that consumers understood the report it will send to customers on what the results might mean, how to interpret them, and where to find additional information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being the first and only direct-to-consumer genetics company to receive FDA authorization to test for cancer risk without a prescription is a major milestone for 23andMe and for the consumer,” Anne Wojcicki, 23andMe CEO and co-founder, said in a statement. “We believe it’s important for consumers to have direct and affordable access to this potentially life-saving information. … This authorization is incredibly valuable for those who might not be aware of their Ashkenazi Jewish descent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She, too, emphasized that “our test does not account for all genetic variants that can cause a higher risk of cancer, and people should continue with their recommended cancer screenings.” Myriad, for instance, has identified some 20,000 BRCA1/2 variants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision follows one last year in which the FDA gave 23andMe the go-ahead to sell DNA tests assessing customers’ risk of 10 diseases, including Parkinson’s and late-onset Alzheimer’s. Those were the first FDA-approved direct-to-consumer tests for genetic risk of any disease or condition, which the agency said could help people make lifestyle decisions. At the time, the FDA also warned that genetic risk for complex diseases is not a sure thing: People whose 23andMe test does not find genetic variants that increase the risk of a disease can still develop it, and people whose DNA test shows no disease-causing variants might not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The BRCA test will be part of 23andme’s $199 Health + Ancestry test. Existing customers can opt to receive BRCA information for no additional cost, and as with the other disease-risk tests they as well as new customers must specifically choose to receive the information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My libertarian streak says this, properly understood, is a good thing that increases access,” said Cook-Deegan, “although I do worry about proliferation of commercial purveyors as the sources of information and keeping the data.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/440020/fda-approves-first-direct-to-consumer-test-for-breast-cancer-risk",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_440020"
],
"programs": [
"futureofyou_54"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1",
"futureofyou_73"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_15",
"futureofyou_264",
"futureofyou_38",
"futureofyou_1275",
"futureofyou_266",
"futureofyou_61"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_440021",
"label": "source_futureofyou_440020"
},
"futureofyou_439980": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439980",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439980",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1520287861000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"term": 54
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1520287861,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "Feds Hobble Potential Cannabis Treatments for Opioid Addiction",
"title": "Feds Hobble Potential Cannabis Treatments for Opioid Addiction",
"headTitle": "Future of You | KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>When she started collecting brains, neuroscientist Yasmin Hurd’s peers wondered what she could possibly be thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studying animals made way more sense as a way to trace how chronic drug use changes the brain, they thought — after all, how was Hurd going to parse the long-term effects from the trauma of the overdoses that killed the brain donors?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She waved her colleagues off. She wanted to know what was happening in human brains, not in mice.[contextly_sidebar id=\"xjgcW8qRPdqM7MN9tkvvBeggkwrVyhgv\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she began filling up freezers with slices of brain tissue from hundreds of overdose victims, most of them killed by too much cocaine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had a lot of freezers, sadly,” said Hurd, who now runs the Addiction Institute at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. And then, early in the 2000s, she noticed a tidal shift: Suddenly, the overdoses were dominated by heroin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She saw the opioid crisis coming. Ever since, she’s been trying to figure out how to intervene — could she modify or reverse the way addiction changed the brains being studied in her lab?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd has honed in on cannabidiol, one of the two main compounds plucked from the marijuana plant. She thinks it might hold the potential to curb cravings for heroin and other opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s running against the wind. Cannabidiol is classified as a Schedule I drug, meaning the U.S. government thinks it carries severe safety concerns, no medicinal benefits, and a high risk of abuse. Even as a growing number of states legalize marijuana, the hard-line federal stance has made it difficult to do clinical research involving cannabis in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You have to treat every epidemic the same, whether it’s a drug epidemic or a viral epidemic.'\u003ccite>Dr. Yasmin Hurd\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But Hurd is throwing all of her weight into studying whether it can combat addiction. And she’s trying to rally other scientists to do the same, by creating a consortium to conduct cannabidiol clinical trials across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this is something that could be potentially beneficial, and there’s an indication that it could be beneficial,” Hurd said in an interview, “why not put all hands on deck?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd has the reputation and academic standing to pull this off — last fall, she was named to the prestigious National Academy of Medicine, along with dozens of other top-tier researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than that, she has determination: On the front of her computer screen, she’s stuck up a yellow Post-it note that says, “GAIN CONTROL.” Only she’s crossed out “GAIN,” and replaced it with “TAKE.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unraveling The Biology of Addiction\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Hurd has always had what she calls a “pure fascination” with the brain. Her own bounces quickly from one thought to the next, sometimes leaving threads unfinished for the sake of starting a new one. One idea may spin off into a dozen new ones. During a recent interview, she jumped from why she finds outliers in science so intriguing to why she loves murder mysteries (Alfred Hitchcock is a personal favorite).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That mental multitasking is mirrored in her lab, where her team is working on a slew of projects, from how chronic drug use restructures the brain to how the brain’s circuits play a role in psychiatric disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My research, unfortunately, reflects me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her mind is constantly hunting for new ideas in unlikely, often difficult places — like on the list of Schedule I drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past studies have shown that cannabidiol works on a number of brain circuits involved in addiction and drug-seeking behavior. That’s made it an exciting pharmacological target — but the data, by and large, have just been preliminary and unpersuasive. Hurd started looking for more concrete evidence on cannabidiol.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The hard-line federal stance has made it difficult to do clinical research involving cannabis in this country.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The compound is one of the two main cannabinoids found in the marijuana plant, the other being tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC. But unlike THC, cannabidiol doesn’t get people high. Scientists are studying whether the compound can treat conditions such as epilepsy and anxiety. Hurd is testing whether cannabidiol can cut down on cravings in patients who are addicted to opioids — and in turn, can prevent relapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her research on animals, the compound has decreased cravings and anxiety without producing any psychoactive effects. But she’s not sure why, exactly, it’s working. So at the same time, she’s orchestrating studies to delve into the biology that underlies addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some quick background: The neurons in the brain talk to each other through neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and endocannabinoids. Those chemical messengers ferry information between brain cells through a synapse, which is the intersection between two neurons. Drugs like heroin are like a car crash — they damage those synapses to the point that other cars can’t get through.[contextly_sidebar id=\"lXwRcOY5jUafks0cGN2BzjpnPSmw1csG\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd’s lab is studying the wreckage through research like the experiment that one of her postdoctoral researchers, Noel Warren, is working on. Warren hits rat neurons with a compound that mimics chronic heroin use to see how synaptic plasticity — the way the brain changes the connections among neurons, forming new ones while pruning others — is different in the brain after drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on her findings, Hurd has launched trials to test cannabidiol in humans — but that’s no easy task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘The Hurdles Are Enormous’\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Studying cannabidiol is daunting, and not just because the brain is so complex. To use cannabidiol or any part of the cannabis plant for research, a scientist has to get a special license from the Drug Enforcement Administration, which can take years. Then, scientists have to get approval from the Food and Drug Administration to administer it to patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hurdles are enormous,” said Margaret Haney, a neurobiologist at Columbia University who studies cannabis use disorder and the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in humans. Haney has to keep the cannabis used in her trials in a gun safe that’s stashed inside a freezer that’s sitting in a special room in her lab that can only be accessed with her fingerprint. That’s routine for cannabis research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-128930 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"423\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 423px) 100vw, 423px\">And patients who are enrolled in clinical trials involving cannabis have to come to the lab of the researcher who holds a DEA license to get the drug, which isn’t always doable for individuals with serious medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our hands are tied even though cannabidiol is not addictive,” Hurd said. But because it derives from the cannabis plant, the government classifies it as a Schedule I drug — like heroin, LSD, ecstasy, and peyote — which are considered to be harmful and have no medicinal value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means there are relatively few scientists doing research involving cannabis, and even fewer studying its potential to treat addiction or testing cannabidiol in humans. Hurd isn’t in a crowded field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really not that many people that do that,” said Dr. Sachin Patel, of Vanderbilt University, who has done research with cannabis to understand how marijuana exposure early in life raises the risk of psychiatric disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, there’s the issue of supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Our hands are tied even though cannabidiol is not addictive.'\u003ccite>Dr. Yasmin Hurd\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For decades, the only sanctioned source of marijuana available for U.S. research was the University of Mississippi, which held an exclusive contract with the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re trying to do a clinical trial and you need cannabidiol, it’s actually quite difficult to get the types of cannabis needed to do the research,” said Patel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd said the restricted supply has made it all but impossible for her to study the specific formulations of cannabidiol she suspects would be the most therapeutic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is currently running Phase 2 clinical trials in New York to test cannabidiol’s ability to reduce cravings in people addicted to heroin. And she’s initiating similar studies to test cannabidiol soon in Canada and Jamaica.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'[T]he process has felt painstakingly slow when people are dying so quickly.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But for Hurd, the process has felt painstakingly slow when people are dying so quickly. An estimated 63,600 people died of drug overdoses in 2016. Two-thirds of those deaths were caused by opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd is frustrated by how both the government is grappling with the crisis. It’s paled in comparison to the response to the Zika virus and other public health concerns in recent years, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People swarmed to do something. That did not happen with the opioid epidemic,” Hurd said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-435640 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-800x668.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-800x668.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-160x134.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-768x641.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-1020x852.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-1180x985.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-960x801.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-240x200.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-375x313.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-520x434.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552.jpg 1895w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why not? Hurd blames it, in large part, on discrimination against people who are addicted to drugs. But if there were more federal funding for research, Hurd said, scientists could accelerate the search for solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to treat every epidemic the same,” she said, “whether it’s a drug epidemic or a viral epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s quick to note that she’s not arguing that cannabidiol is a cure-all for the crisis. Hurd just wants to have enough researchers working on the problem that they can quickly say whether something works — or whether it doesn’t — and then move on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haney, the Columbia neurobiologist, echoed that frustration. The DEA said it has not rescheduled cannabis because there aren’t enough studies to show it has medical potential. But until it’s rescheduled, Haney said, those kind of large, randomized studies won’t really be feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a vicious cycle,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And dispensaries and cannabis companies in the 29 states that have already legalized medical marijuana don’t have any incentive to fund or conduct clinical trials on the medical benefits, experts say, because they’re already able to sell their products to patients without government approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The money-making is all happening outside of any data,” Haney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Hurd is trying to spur her fellow scientists to do as much research as possible on the potential of cannabidiol to treat opioid addiction, in a bid to build a cannabinoid consortium. She’s connected with clinicians, pharmacologists, and neuroscientists to talk about how to spur new research. And she’s working to rope in companies interested in cannabidiol, too. Without National Institutes of Health funding for such a project, she’s hopeful they’ll help fund the consortium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her goal: build an infrastructure that’s far broader than her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t need to be the only person in the room studying cannabidiol for opioid addiction,” she said. “It can’t be done with just one little Yasmin Hurd lab.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is reproduced with permission from \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT\u003c/a>. It was first published on Feb. 28, 2018. Find the original story \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/02/28/marijuana-cannabidiol-opioids-addiction/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439980 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439980",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/05/potential-cannabis-treatments-for-opioid-addiction-hobbled-by-feds/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1885,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 50
},
"modified": 1520288193,
"excerpt": "The hard-line federal stance against cannabis has made it difficult to do clinical research.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The hard-line federal stance against cannabis has made it difficult to do clinical research.",
"title": "Feds Hobble Potential Cannabis Treatments for Opioid Addiction | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Feds Hobble Potential Cannabis Treatments for Opioid Addiction",
"datePublished": "2018-03-05T14:11:01-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-03-05T14:16:33-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "potential-cannabis-treatments-for-opioid-addiction-hobbled-by-feds",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Megan Thielking\u003cbr />STAT",
"path": "/futureofyou/439980/potential-cannabis-treatments-for-opioid-addiction-hobbled-by-feds",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When she started collecting brains, neuroscientist Yasmin Hurd’s peers wondered what she could possibly be thinking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studying animals made way more sense as a way to trace how chronic drug use changes the brain, they thought — after all, how was Hurd going to parse the long-term effects from the trauma of the overdoses that killed the brain donors?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She waved her colleagues off. She wanted to know what was happening in human brains, not in mice.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So she began filling up freezers with slices of brain tissue from hundreds of overdose victims, most of them killed by too much cocaine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had a lot of freezers, sadly,” said Hurd, who now runs the Addiction Institute at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. And then, early in the 2000s, she noticed a tidal shift: Suddenly, the overdoses were dominated by heroin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She saw the opioid crisis coming. Ever since, she’s been trying to figure out how to intervene — could she modify or reverse the way addiction changed the brains being studied in her lab?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd has honed in on cannabidiol, one of the two main compounds plucked from the marijuana plant. She thinks it might hold the potential to curb cravings for heroin and other opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s running against the wind. Cannabidiol is classified as a Schedule I drug, meaning the U.S. government thinks it carries severe safety concerns, no medicinal benefits, and a high risk of abuse. Even as a growing number of states legalize marijuana, the hard-line federal stance has made it difficult to do clinical research involving cannabis in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'You have to treat every epidemic the same, whether it’s a drug epidemic or a viral epidemic.'\u003ccite>Dr. Yasmin Hurd\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But Hurd is throwing all of her weight into studying whether it can combat addiction. And she’s trying to rally other scientists to do the same, by creating a consortium to conduct cannabidiol clinical trials across the globe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this is something that could be potentially beneficial, and there’s an indication that it could be beneficial,” Hurd said in an interview, “why not put all hands on deck?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd has the reputation and academic standing to pull this off — last fall, she was named to the prestigious National Academy of Medicine, along with dozens of other top-tier researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than that, she has determination: On the front of her computer screen, she’s stuck up a yellow Post-it note that says, “GAIN CONTROL.” Only she’s crossed out “GAIN,” and replaced it with “TAKE.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Unraveling The Biology of Addiction\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Hurd has always had what she calls a “pure fascination” with the brain. Her own bounces quickly from one thought to the next, sometimes leaving threads unfinished for the sake of starting a new one. One idea may spin off into a dozen new ones. During a recent interview, she jumped from why she finds outliers in science so intriguing to why she loves murder mysteries (Alfred Hitchcock is a personal favorite).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That mental multitasking is mirrored in her lab, where her team is working on a slew of projects, from how chronic drug use restructures the brain to how the brain’s circuits play a role in psychiatric disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My research, unfortunately, reflects me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her mind is constantly hunting for new ideas in unlikely, often difficult places — like on the list of Schedule I drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Past studies have shown that cannabidiol works on a number of brain circuits involved in addiction and drug-seeking behavior. That’s made it an exciting pharmacological target — but the data, by and large, have just been preliminary and unpersuasive. Hurd started looking for more concrete evidence on cannabidiol.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The hard-line federal stance has made it difficult to do clinical research involving cannabis in this country.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The compound is one of the two main cannabinoids found in the marijuana plant, the other being tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC. But unlike THC, cannabidiol doesn’t get people high. Scientists are studying whether the compound can treat conditions such as epilepsy and anxiety. Hurd is testing whether cannabidiol can cut down on cravings in patients who are addicted to opioids — and in turn, can prevent relapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her research on animals, the compound has decreased cravings and anxiety without producing any psychoactive effects. But she’s not sure why, exactly, it’s working. So at the same time, she’s orchestrating studies to delve into the biology that underlies addiction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some quick background: The neurons in the brain talk to each other through neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and endocannabinoids. Those chemical messengers ferry information between brain cells through a synapse, which is the intersection between two neurons. Drugs like heroin are like a car crash — they damage those synapses to the point that other cars can’t get through.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd’s lab is studying the wreckage through research like the experiment that one of her postdoctoral researchers, Noel Warren, is working on. Warren hits rat neurons with a compound that mimics chronic heroin use to see how synaptic plasticity — the way the brain changes the connections among neurons, forming new ones while pruning others — is different in the brain after drug use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on her findings, Hurd has launched trials to test cannabidiol in humans — but that’s no easy task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>‘The Hurdles Are Enormous’\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Studying cannabidiol is daunting, and not just because the brain is so complex. To use cannabidiol or any part of the cannabis plant for research, a scientist has to get a special license from the Drug Enforcement Administration, which can take years. Then, scientists have to get approval from the Food and Drug Administration to administer it to patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hurdles are enormous,” said Margaret Haney, a neurobiologist at Columbia University who studies cannabis use disorder and the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in humans. Haney has to keep the cannabis used in her trials in a gun safe that’s stashed inside a freezer that’s sitting in a special room in her lab that can only be accessed with her fingerprint. That’s routine for cannabis research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-128930 alignleft\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"423\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2016/03/medmar-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 423px) 100vw, 423px\">And patients who are enrolled in clinical trials involving cannabis have to come to the lab of the researcher who holds a DEA license to get the drug, which isn’t always doable for individuals with serious medical conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our hands are tied even though cannabidiol is not addictive,” Hurd said. But because it derives from the cannabis plant, the government classifies it as a Schedule I drug — like heroin, LSD, ecstasy, and peyote — which are considered to be harmful and have no medicinal value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means there are relatively few scientists doing research involving cannabis, and even fewer studying its potential to treat addiction or testing cannabidiol in humans. Hurd isn’t in a crowded field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really not that many people that do that,” said Dr. Sachin Patel, of Vanderbilt University, who has done research with cannabis to understand how marijuana exposure early in life raises the risk of psychiatric disorders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, there’s the issue of supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Our hands are tied even though cannabidiol is not addictive.'\u003ccite>Dr. Yasmin Hurd\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>For decades, the only sanctioned source of marijuana available for U.S. research was the University of Mississippi, which held an exclusive contract with the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re trying to do a clinical trial and you need cannabidiol, it’s actually quite difficult to get the types of cannabis needed to do the research,” said Patel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd said the restricted supply has made it all but impossible for her to study the specific formulations of cannabidiol she suspects would be the most therapeutic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She is currently running Phase 2 clinical trials in New York to test cannabidiol’s ability to reduce cravings in people addicted to heroin. And she’s initiating similar studies to test cannabidiol soon in Canada and Jamaica.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'[T]he process has felt painstakingly slow when people are dying so quickly.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But for Hurd, the process has felt painstakingly slow when people are dying so quickly. An estimated 63,600 people died of drug overdoses in 2016. Two-thirds of those deaths were caused by opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hurd is frustrated by how both the government is grappling with the crisis. It’s paled in comparison to the response to the Zika virus and other public health concerns in recent years, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People swarmed to do something. That did not happen with the opioid epidemic,” Hurd said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-435640 \" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/wp-content/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-800x668.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"384\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-800x668.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-160x134.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-768x641.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-1020x852.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-1180x985.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-960x801.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-240x200.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-375x313.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552-520x434.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/13/2017/09/iStock-594036552.jpg 1895w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 384px) 100vw, 384px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why not? Hurd blames it, in large part, on discrimination against people who are addicted to drugs. But if there were more federal funding for research, Hurd said, scientists could accelerate the search for solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have to treat every epidemic the same,” she said, “whether it’s a drug epidemic or a viral epidemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s quick to note that she’s not arguing that cannabidiol is a cure-all for the crisis. Hurd just wants to have enough researchers working on the problem that they can quickly say whether something works — or whether it doesn’t — and then move on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haney, the Columbia neurobiologist, echoed that frustration. The DEA said it has not rescheduled cannabis because there aren’t enough studies to show it has medical potential. But until it’s rescheduled, Haney said, those kind of large, randomized studies won’t really be feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re in a vicious cycle,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And dispensaries and cannabis companies in the 29 states that have already legalized medical marijuana don’t have any incentive to fund or conduct clinical trials on the medical benefits, experts say, because they’re already able to sell their products to patients without government approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The money-making is all happening outside of any data,” Haney said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Hurd is trying to spur her fellow scientists to do as much research as possible on the potential of cannabidiol to treat opioid addiction, in a bid to build a cannabinoid consortium. She’s connected with clinicians, pharmacologists, and neuroscientists to talk about how to spur new research. And she’s working to rope in companies interested in cannabidiol, too. Without National Institutes of Health funding for such a project, she’s hopeful they’ll help fund the consortium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her goal: build an infrastructure that’s far broader than her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t need to be the only person in the room studying cannabidiol for opioid addiction,” she said. “It can’t be done with just one little Yasmin Hurd lab.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article is reproduced with permission from \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">STAT\u003c/a>. It was first published on Feb. 28, 2018. Find the original story \u003ca href=\"https://www.statnews.com/2018/02/28/marijuana-cannabidiol-opioids-addiction/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439980/potential-cannabis-treatments-for-opioid-addiction-hobbled-by-feds",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439980"
],
"programs": [
"futureofyou_54"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1",
"futureofyou_73"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_61",
"futureofyou_1041",
"futureofyou_938",
"futureofyou_1037"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_440001",
"label": "futureofyou_54"
},
"futureofyou_439887": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439887",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439887",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1519954263000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"term": 1093
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1519954263,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "What's In That IV Bag? Hopefully Something Other Than Saline",
"title": "What's In That IV Bag? Hopefully Something Other Than Saline",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>New research calls into question what’s in those IV bags that nearly every hospitalized patient gets. Using a different intravenous fluid instead of the usual saline greatly reduced the risk of death or kidney damage, two large studies found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference could mean 50,000 to 70,000 fewer deaths and 100,000 fewer cases of kidney failure each year in the U.S., researchers estimate. Some doctors are hoping the results will persuade more \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/03/09/premier-hospitals-are-promoting-unproven-alternative-therapies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hospitals\u003c/a> to switch.[contextly_sidebar id=\"0jhqLe7SiU2Eb27aQUWnipt3zwitsKUi\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been sounding the alarm for 20 years” about possible harms from saline, said Dr. John Kellum, a critical care specialist at the University of Pittsburgh. “It’s purely inertia” that prevents a change, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellum had no role in the studies, which were discussed Tuesday at a critical care conference in San Antonio and published by the New England Journal of Medicine. Federal grants helped pay for the work.[contextly_sidebar id=\"z39OU3j4iEAklNQ4ejamioZfGewR34gT\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IVs are one of the most common things in health care. They are used to prevent dehydration, maintain blood pressure or give patients medicines or nutrients if they can’t eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Many suppliers make both types, so switching should not be hard or expensive.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Saline — salt dissolved in water — has been the most widely used fluid in the U.S. for more than a century even as evidence has emerged that it can harm kidneys, especially when used a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other IV solutions called balanced fluids include saline but also contain potassium and other things that make them more like plasma, the clear part of blood. They’re widely used in Europe and Australia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The studies involved 28,000 patients at Vanderbilt University who were given IVs of saline or a balanced fluid. For every 100 people on balanced fluids, there was one fewer death or severe kidney problem.[contextly_sidebar id=\"sUu4YOGKN2sP1Zqyc3nVUiyRVy3jB58L\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since there are about 30 million people hospitalized in the U.S. alone each year, “there are tens or hundreds of thousands of patients who would be spared death or severe kidney problems by using balanced fluids instead of saline,” said one study leader, Vanderbilt’s Dr. Matthew Semler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After seeing the results two months ago, Vanderbilt hospital officials decided to primarily use balanced fluids. The University of Pittsburgh also has largely switched to them, Kellum said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fluids cost about the same — a dollar or two per IV — and many suppliers make both types, so switching should not be hard or expensive, doctors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IV fluids have been in the news since Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico last fall, shutting down electricity to three plants owned by Baxter International, one of the biggest makers of these fluids. The shortage has eased, but some supply issues remain.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439887 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439887",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/01/whats-in-that-iv-bag-hopefully-something-other-than-saline/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 474,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 14
},
"modified": 1519954320,
"excerpt": "New research shows using a different fluid instead of saline greatly reduced the risk of death.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "New research shows using a different fluid instead of saline greatly reduced the risk of death.",
"title": "What's In That IV Bag? Hopefully Something Other Than Saline | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "What's In That IV Bag? Hopefully Something Other Than Saline",
"datePublished": "2018-03-01T17:31:03-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-03-01T17:32:00-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "whats-in-that-iv-bag-hopefully-something-other-than-saline",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Marilynn Marchione\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"path": "/futureofyou/439887/whats-in-that-iv-bag-hopefully-something-other-than-saline",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>New research calls into question what’s in those IV bags that nearly every hospitalized patient gets. Using a different intravenous fluid instead of the usual saline greatly reduced the risk of death or kidney damage, two large studies found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference could mean 50,000 to 70,000 fewer deaths and 100,000 fewer cases of kidney failure each year in the U.S., researchers estimate. Some doctors are hoping the results will persuade more \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/03/09/premier-hospitals-are-promoting-unproven-alternative-therapies/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hospitals\u003c/a> to switch.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been sounding the alarm for 20 years” about possible harms from saline, said Dr. John Kellum, a critical care specialist at the University of Pittsburgh. “It’s purely inertia” that prevents a change, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kellum had no role in the studies, which were discussed Tuesday at a critical care conference in San Antonio and published by the New England Journal of Medicine. Federal grants helped pay for the work.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IVs are one of the most common things in health care. They are used to prevent dehydration, maintain blood pressure or give patients medicines or nutrients if they can’t eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Many suppliers make both types, so switching should not be hard or expensive.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Saline — salt dissolved in water — has been the most widely used fluid in the U.S. for more than a century even as evidence has emerged that it can harm kidneys, especially when used a lot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other IV solutions called balanced fluids include saline but also contain potassium and other things that make them more like plasma, the clear part of blood. They’re widely used in Europe and Australia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The studies involved 28,000 patients at Vanderbilt University who were given IVs of saline or a balanced fluid. For every 100 people on balanced fluids, there was one fewer death or severe kidney problem.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since there are about 30 million people hospitalized in the U.S. alone each year, “there are tens or hundreds of thousands of patients who would be spared death or severe kidney problems by using balanced fluids instead of saline,” said one study leader, Vanderbilt’s Dr. Matthew Semler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After seeing the results two months ago, Vanderbilt hospital officials decided to primarily use balanced fluids. The University of Pittsburgh also has largely switched to them, Kellum said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fluids cost about the same — a dollar or two per IV — and many suppliers make both types, so switching should not be hard or expensive, doctors said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>IV fluids have been in the news since Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico last fall, shutting down electricity to three plants owned by Baxter International, one of the biggest makers of these fluids. The shortage has eased, but some supply issues remain.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439887/whats-in-that-iv-bag-hopefully-something-other-than-saline",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439887"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_452",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_141",
"futureofyou_952",
"futureofyou_61",
"futureofyou_177",
"futureofyou_225",
"futureofyou_198"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_439888",
"label": "futureofyou_1093"
},
"futureofyou_439851": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439851",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439851",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1519931987000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"term": 1093
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1519931987,
"format": "aside",
"disqusTitle": "Opinion: Children With Toxic Stress Are Being Misdiagnosed",
"title": "Opinion: Children With Toxic Stress Are Being Misdiagnosed",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"581\" height=\"326\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/yiglpsqv5ik\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago at my pediatric clinic in San Francisco, teachers, social workers and parents were bringing me child after child with concerns of ADHD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I examined my patients, I noticed that the highest rate of behavioral problems was occurring in the kids whose parents had drug addictions or mental illness, or those who were subject to violence at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I dug into the science, what I found was that for most of these kids, the problem wasn’t run of the mill ADHD. For most of my kids the real problem is what the American Academy of Pediatrics now recognizes as “toxic stress.”[contextly_sidebar id=\"PYT3p5XM48uhTDQbk48cJ0IOP5aQaQuB\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toxic stress affects white kids, black and brown kids, rich, poor, urban, rural … it can affect anyone and it can happen anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, it all boils down to our flight-or-fight response – what happens in our bodies when we experience something scary. But, when activated too often – like with repeated abuse, neglect or parental addiction – it can change the structure and function of children’s developing brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Only 4 percent of pediatricians in the U.S. are screening for toxic stress.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It can affect hormones, the immune system, even the way DNA is read and transcribed. And it dramatically increases the risk of both behavioral and health problems in childhood and in adulthood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But right now, only 4 percent of pediatricians in the U.S. are screening for toxic stress. Most haven’t received any training on how to identify kids who are at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This has to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Too many children with behavioral symptoms of toxic stress are being labeled with ADHD and given stimulants without any identification of the root cause. Many kids show no behavioral symptoms at all. Yet they are still more than twice as likely to go on to develop asthma, autoimmune disease, heart disease and cancer – and their life expectancy can be cut short by decades.[contextly_sidebar id=\"XCU75OyFv9SQgCGmJSKjDF77OmW3l8Yr\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 34 million American children have had at least one adverse childhood experience like abuse or neglect — we need every medical professional in this country to be equipped with the right tools for universal screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When identified early, doctors, educators and caregivers can help reverse the biological effects of childhood trauma. Together, we can give every child a shot at a healthy life.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439851 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439851",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/03/01/opinion-children-with-toxic-stress-are-being-misdiagnosed/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": true,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 402,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 14
},
"modified": 1519931987,
"excerpt": "When identified early, caregivers can help reverse the biological effects of childhood trauma.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "When identified early, caregivers can help reverse the biological effects of childhood trauma.",
"title": "Opinion: Children With Toxic Stress Are Being Misdiagnosed | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Opinion: Children With Toxic Stress Are Being Misdiagnosed",
"datePublished": "2018-03-01T11:19:47-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-03-01T11:19:47-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "opinion-children-with-toxic-stress-are-being-misdiagnosed",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Dr. Nadine Burke Harris\u003cbr />PBS Health",
"path": "/futureofyou/439851/opinion-children-with-toxic-stress-are-being-misdiagnosed",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"581\" height=\"326\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/yiglpsqv5ik\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago at my pediatric clinic in San Francisco, teachers, social workers and parents were bringing me child after child with concerns of ADHD.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As I examined my patients, I noticed that the highest rate of behavioral problems was occurring in the kids whose parents had drug addictions or mental illness, or those who were subject to violence at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I dug into the science, what I found was that for most of these kids, the problem wasn’t run of the mill ADHD. For most of my kids the real problem is what the American Academy of Pediatrics now recognizes as “toxic stress.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Toxic stress affects white kids, black and brown kids, rich, poor, urban, rural … it can affect anyone and it can happen anywhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, it all boils down to our flight-or-fight response – what happens in our bodies when we experience something scary. But, when activated too often – like with repeated abuse, neglect or parental addiction – it can change the structure and function of children’s developing brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Only 4 percent of pediatricians in the U.S. are screening for toxic stress.'\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It can affect hormones, the immune system, even the way DNA is read and transcribed. And it dramatically increases the risk of both behavioral and health problems in childhood and in adulthood.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But right now, only 4 percent of pediatricians in the U.S. are screening for toxic stress. Most haven’t received any training on how to identify kids who are at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This has to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Too many children with behavioral symptoms of toxic stress are being labeled with ADHD and given stimulants without any identification of the root cause. Many kids show no behavioral symptoms at all. Yet they are still more than twice as likely to go on to develop asthma, autoimmune disease, heart disease and cancer – and their life expectancy can be cut short by decades.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 34 million American children have had at least one adverse childhood experience like abuse or neglect — we need every medical professional in this country to be equipped with the right tools for universal screening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When identified early, doctors, educators and caregivers can help reverse the biological effects of childhood trauma. Together, we can give every child a shot at a healthy life.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439851/opinion-children-with-toxic-stress-are-being-misdiagnosed",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439851"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_161",
"futureofyou_491",
"futureofyou_141",
"futureofyou_61",
"futureofyou_1217",
"futureofyou_912"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_439854",
"label": "futureofyou_1093"
},
"futureofyou_439807": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439807",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439807",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1519678900000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"term": 1096
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1519678900,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to",
"title": "Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>We spend a lot of time talking to Alexa and Siri. Imagine if such artificial personalities were put inside a cute, adorable robot. That's what Alexander Reben has done. The artist created what he saw as the perfect interview machine to see how much he could get people to reveal to the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben's experiments with human robot interactions began when he was working on his master's degree in robotics at MIT. He built a robot called \u003ca href=\"http://resenv.media.mit.edu/Boxie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boxie\u003c/a>. It was made of cardboard, about the size of a microwave oven, and rolled around like a toy tank.[contextly_sidebar id=\"yz0kM6ZG84eg4i4rxTL7lsT0kMn9aLm9\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you walked into the lab at MIT, Boxie would approach with its big, round black eyes wide open and ask you for help getting upstairs or going down the hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben wanted to see how many people would help the robot. He wondered, could you build cheaper robots without legs that could get around with help from humans?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, one day, something happened that would change the course of Reben's work.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life.'\u003ccite>Judith Helfand\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It started with a man walking into the lab and Boxie rolling up to greet him. \"I saw him from a distance, laying on the carpet in the middle of the lab talking to this robot on the ground,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man began to share his troubles with Boxie. He had never been to Boston before and he'd come to take part in the marathon. The man \"just started talking to this thing like it was another person,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man told the robot that he was supposed to go to Munich, but his flight was canceled because of a volcanic eruption in Iceland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation was a revelation for Reben. He realized that the characteristics that made people want to help Boxie also seduced them into talking with the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, it was cute and seemed vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben teamed up with another artist and filmmaker, Brent Hoff, to see whether they could design a robot that would make people want to open up. They carved a smile into its face. \"It's the perfect smile. It's kind of a Mona Lisa smile,\" Hoff says. \"It's open and engaging to make sure [it] was as nonjudgmental and nonthreatening as possible.\"[contextly_sidebar id=\"2iIvqmnB8RUBK8Dpjga3ECr8rh8Wtlbk\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They gave it the sweet voice of Hoff's 8-year-old son. And they taped him asking carefully chosen questions. \"There was some consideration of what are the deepest, most important questions we have as people,\" Hoff says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It asked things like, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" or \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it had a camera and a recorder inside it to catch the answers. They called the new robot \u003ca href=\"http://areben.com/project/blabdroid/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BlabDroid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea,\" says Hoff, \"is that there is not as much judgment in a robot asking you a question as a journalist\" would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoff says he doesn't know for sure whether that's true, but he wanted to find out. And so did I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We set up a loose experiment. I would ask people the same questions as BlabDroid and — like the robot — there wouldn't be any follow-up questions. We tried the experiment a few times: once at an art opening and once at the Exploratorium, a science museum in San Francisco; we also listened to responses BlabDroid had collected at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can click on the audio below to listen to the two examples. Try to guess whether the person was talking to me or the robot before you read further.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588054239\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588055297\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nThe first one is Nate Mazur, who was asked, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" He replies, \"My wife.\" Mazur opens up about the wonders of their relationship. He says he loves her most because of his \"ability to be with her, to be present with her. To respond and interact. ... She makes this a better world,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second example was Judith Helfand. She was asked, \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\" She broke into tears as she spoke about her dying mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would give my mother the gift of not worrying about me before she dies,\" Helfand says. \"She wants me to lose a ton of weight and get really, really healthy. And she needs to see that before she dies ... and I wish I could give her that and I'm not positive I can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the answers are sincere and from the heart. Mazur spoke to me and Helfand was talking to BlabDroid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helfand found something satisfying about talking to the machine. \"The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been over two years since her mother died. Helfand lost the weight, but she is struggling with her career. She thinks the robot would be helpful. \"Mediation really isn't really working for me,\" Helfand says. \"I can't seem to find the courage to sit and write down what my future plans are so that I can make them really happen.\"[contextly_sidebar id=\"0QqjSUSqTOgQ0iX4yALrApbCEjnw9Xay\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/10/18/163098594/in-constant-digital-contact-we-feel-alone-together\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sherry Turkle\u003c/a>, a professor of science and technology at MIT, to listen to the responses. She couldn't tell whether people were talking to BlabDroid or me. Turkle has been studying human-machine relationships for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it really doesn't take much to get humans to open up to a robot. \"We are kind of cheap dates,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BlabDroid — with its sweet voice, Mona Lisa smile and probing questions — is \"pushing in us a kind of Darwinian button,\" Turkle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says robots don't even have to be cute. In her research she found a child who vented to Apple's Siri on an iPhone. Turkle says the child would vent on the phone about her anger toward her sister and her parents \"because, in person, she tries to always play the good daughter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turkle says over time, the child wasn't happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was almost a feeling of abandonment,\" Turkle says. \"There's no place they can go after they get the confession.\" She says robots can't offer certain very human things — like care, conversation and empathy. \"And the robot cannot do that because the robot has not had a life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science-fiction author William Gibson once said, \"The future is already here; it's just not very evenly distributed yet.\" In Japan, robots are being used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/news/business/21731677-around-5000-nursing-care-homes-across-country-are-testing-robots-japan-embracing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">care for the elderly\u003c/a>. Men are having relationships with virtual women who exist only in a portable video game — even taking them out on dates. An American company has created \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/travel/la-tr-vegas-tipsy-robot-bar-20170704-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">robot bartenders\u003c/a>. In the future, perhaps they will listen to our problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben knows there is a downside to social robots. But he also sees a place for them in the future. He thinks a cute robot might do a better job of getting people to answer survey questions or talk about embarrassing symptoms before seeing a doctor. Reben says \"people tend to be more honest because they don't feel embarrassed telling that to something that's not human.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an artist, what Reben hopes to accomplish with BlabDroid is to force us to think about the implications of bringing more robots into our society knowing full well that they are coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sometimes+We+Feel+More+Comfortable+Talking+To+A+Robot&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439807 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439807",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/26/sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1287,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 35
},
"modified": 1519750638,
"excerpt": "An artist created a robot named BlabDroid to see if it could fulfill our deep need for companionship. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "An artist created a robot named BlabDroid to see if it could fulfill our deep need for companionship. ",
"title": "Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Sometimes, You Just Need a Robot to Talk to",
"datePublished": "2018-02-26T13:01:40-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-02-27T08:57:18-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=583682556&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprByline": "Laura Sydell\u003cbr />NPR All Tech Considered",
"nprStoryDate": "Sat, 24 Feb 2018 08:08:02 -0500",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Mon, 26 Feb 2018 09:45:52 -0500",
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/alltechconsidered/2018/02/24/583682556/sometimes-we-feel-more-comfortable-talking-to-a-robot?ft=nprml&f=583682556",
"nprAudio": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2018/02/20180224_wesat_sometimes_we_feel_more_comfortable_talking_to_a_robot.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1019&aggIds=587233380&d=454&p=7&story=583682556&ft=nprml&f=583682556",
"nprImageAgency": "Jenn Liv for NPR",
"nprAudioM3u": "http://api.npr.org/m3u/1588500161-678695.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1019&aggIds=587233380&d=454&p=7&story=583682556&ft=nprml&f=583682556",
"nprStoryId": "583682556",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Mon, 26 Feb 2018 09:45:00 -0500",
"path": "/futureofyou/439807/sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to",
"audioUrl": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2018/02/20180224_wesat_sometimes_we_feel_more_comfortable_talking_to_a_robot.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1019&aggIds=587233380&d=454&p=7&story=583682556&ft=nprml&f=583682556",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>We spend a lot of time talking to Alexa and Siri. Imagine if such artificial personalities were put inside a cute, adorable robot. That's what Alexander Reben has done. The artist created what he saw as the perfect interview machine to see how much he could get people to reveal to the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben's experiments with human robot interactions began when he was working on his master's degree in robotics at MIT. He built a robot called \u003ca href=\"http://resenv.media.mit.edu/Boxie/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boxie\u003c/a>. It was made of cardboard, about the size of a microwave oven, and rolled around like a toy tank.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you walked into the lab at MIT, Boxie would approach with its big, round black eyes wide open and ask you for help getting upstairs or going down the hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben wanted to see how many people would help the robot. He wondered, could you build cheaper robots without legs that could get around with help from humans?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, one day, something happened that would change the course of Reben's work.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life.'\u003ccite>Judith Helfand\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It started with a man walking into the lab and Boxie rolling up to greet him. \"I saw him from a distance, laying on the carpet in the middle of the lab talking to this robot on the ground,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man began to share his troubles with Boxie. He had never been to Boston before and he'd come to take part in the marathon. The man \"just started talking to this thing like it was another person,\" Reben says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man told the robot that he was supposed to go to Munich, but his flight was canceled because of a volcanic eruption in Iceland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conversation was a revelation for Reben. He realized that the characteristics that made people want to help Boxie also seduced them into talking with the robot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all, it was cute and seemed vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben teamed up with another artist and filmmaker, Brent Hoff, to see whether they could design a robot that would make people want to open up. They carved a smile into its face. \"It's the perfect smile. It's kind of a Mona Lisa smile,\" Hoff says. \"It's open and engaging to make sure [it] was as nonjudgmental and nonthreatening as possible.\"\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They gave it the sweet voice of Hoff's 8-year-old son. And they taped him asking carefully chosen questions. \"There was some consideration of what are the deepest, most important questions we have as people,\" Hoff says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It asked things like, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" or \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it had a camera and a recorder inside it to catch the answers. They called the new robot \u003ca href=\"http://areben.com/project/blabdroid/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BlabDroid\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The idea,\" says Hoff, \"is that there is not as much judgment in a robot asking you a question as a journalist\" would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoff says he doesn't know for sure whether that's true, but he wanted to find out. And so did I.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We set up a loose experiment. I would ask people the same questions as BlabDroid and — like the robot — there wouldn't be any follow-up questions. We tried the experiment a few times: once at an art opening and once at the Exploratorium, a science museum in San Francisco; we also listened to responses BlabDroid had collected at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can click on the audio below to listen to the two examples. Try to guess whether the person was talking to me or the robot before you read further.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588054239\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.npr.org/player/embed/583682556/588055297\" width=\"100%\" height=\"290\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"NPR embedded audio player\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nThe first one is Nate Mazur, who was asked, \"Who do you love most in the world?\" He replies, \"My wife.\" Mazur opens up about the wonders of their relationship. He says he loves her most because of his \"ability to be with her, to be present with her. To respond and interact. ... She makes this a better world,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second example was Judith Helfand. She was asked, \"If you could give someone any gift, what would it be?\" She broke into tears as she spoke about her dying mother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I would give my mother the gift of not worrying about me before she dies,\" Helfand says. \"She wants me to lose a ton of weight and get really, really healthy. And she needs to see that before she dies ... and I wish I could give her that and I'm not positive I can.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the answers are sincere and from the heart. Mazur spoke to me and Helfand was talking to BlabDroid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Helfand found something satisfying about talking to the machine. \"The robot was just a means to get closer to myself at a really critical moment in my life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's been over two years since her mother died. Helfand lost the weight, but she is struggling with her career. She thinks the robot would be helpful. \"Mediation really isn't really working for me,\" Helfand says. \"I can't seem to find the courage to sit and write down what my future plans are so that I can make them really happen.\"\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I asked \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2012/10/18/163098594/in-constant-digital-contact-we-feel-alone-together\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sherry Turkle\u003c/a>, a professor of science and technology at MIT, to listen to the responses. She couldn't tell whether people were talking to BlabDroid or me. Turkle has been studying human-machine relationships for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it really doesn't take much to get humans to open up to a robot. \"We are kind of cheap dates,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BlabDroid — with its sweet voice, Mona Lisa smile and probing questions — is \"pushing in us a kind of Darwinian button,\" Turkle says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says robots don't even have to be cute. In her research she found a child who vented to Apple's Siri on an iPhone. Turkle says the child would vent on the phone about her anger toward her sister and her parents \"because, in person, she tries to always play the good daughter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turkle says over time, the child wasn't happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was almost a feeling of abandonment,\" Turkle says. \"There's no place they can go after they get the confession.\" She says robots can't offer certain very human things — like care, conversation and empathy. \"And the robot cannot do that because the robot has not had a life,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science-fiction author William Gibson once said, \"The future is already here; it's just not very evenly distributed yet.\" In Japan, robots are being used to \u003ca href=\"https://www.economist.com/news/business/21731677-around-5000-nursing-care-homes-across-country-are-testing-robots-japan-embracing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">care for the elderly\u003c/a>. Men are having relationships with virtual women who exist only in a portable video game — even taking them out on dates. An American company has created \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/travel/la-tr-vegas-tipsy-robot-bar-20170704-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">robot bartenders\u003c/a>. In the future, perhaps they will listen to our problems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reben knows there is a downside to social robots. But he also sees a place for them in the future. He thinks a cute robot might do a better job of getting people to answer survey questions or talk about embarrassing symptoms before seeing a doctor. Reben says \"people tend to be more honest because they don't feel embarrassed telling that to something that's not human.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As an artist, what Reben hopes to accomplish with BlabDroid is to force us to think about the implications of bringing more robots into our society knowing full well that they are coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Sometimes+We+Feel+More+Comfortable+Talking+To+A+Robot&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439807/sometimes-you-just-need-a-robot-to-talk-to",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439807"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1",
"futureofyou_73",
"futureofyou_1061"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_592",
"futureofyou_190",
"futureofyou_204",
"futureofyou_722",
"futureofyou_35"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093",
"futureofyou_1096"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_439831",
"label": "futureofyou_1096"
},
"futureofyou_439794": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439794",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439794",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1519675376000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"term": 1093
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1519675376,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "Leading Pediatrics Group Wants Every Teen in America to be Screened for Depression",
"title": "Leading Pediatrics Group Wants Every Teen in America to be Screened for Depression",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>Only about 50 percent of adolescents with depression \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11430842\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">get diagnosed\u003c/a> before reaching adulthood. And as many as 2 in 3 depressed teens don't get the care that could help them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a huge problem,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.columbiapsychiatry.org/profile/rachel-zuckerbrot-md\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Rachel Zuckerbrot\u003c/a>, a board-certified child and adolescent psychiatrist and associate professor at Columbia University.[contextly_sidebar id=\"efpc6ttGwJCppmSgRyb1Z8vZfGFJ86rV\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address this divide, the American Academy of Pediatrics has\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/120/5/e1299.full.pdf?ck=nck\"> issued\u003c/a> updated guidelines this week that call for universal screening for depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're endorsing is that everyone, 12 and up, be screened ... at least once a year,\" Zuckerbrot says. The screening, she says, could be done during a well-visit, a sports' physical or during another office visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerbrot helped write the guidelines, which have been in development for a while. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force also \u003ca href=\"https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-screening1\">recommends\u003c/a> depression screening, and many pediatricians have already woven the screenings into their practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Teenagers are often more honest when they're not looking somebody in the face who's asking questions,\" about their emotional health Zuckerbrot says. So, most pediatricians use a self-reported questionnaire that teens fill out themselves, either on an electronic device or on paper.[contextly_sidebar id=\"EqP0dmqjnqMOlo0gJdMgB0IK322g3bSk\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an opportunity for the adolescent to answer questions about themselves privately,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questionnaires contain a range of questions. For instance, one version, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cqaimh.org/pdf/tool_phq2.pdf\">asks\u003c/a>: 'Over the past two weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems: feeling down, depressed or hopeless? Or, little interest or pleasure in doing things?' Teens are also asked questions such as, 'Are you having difficulty with sleep, either too much or too little?' 'Any problems with eating?'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new recommendations also call for families with a depressed teen to develop a safety plan to restrict the young person's access to lethal means of harm. Suicide is a leading cause of death for children aged 10 to 17, and \"adolescent suicide risk is strongly associated with firearm availability,\" \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/130/5/e1416.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according\u003c/a> to an AAP report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's growing awareness in the U.S. of the need for young people to have good access to mental health care\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>says \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/douglas-newton-md-mph-99544a109\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Doug Newton\u003c/a>, a child psychiatrist at Kaiser Permanente in Colorado. \"As a nation this has become part of the dialogue; it increasing\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are aware of what's happening in our schools and the importance of mental health,\" Newton says. Kaiser Permanente has a stigma-reduction campaign called\u003ca href=\"https://share.kaiserpermanente.org/article/find-your-words-to-fight-stigma-around-depression/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Find Your Words\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Stigma is a huge challenge,\" he says, \"specifically for adolescents. Often times they're not coming in to get help because of the stigma attached.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not easy to talk about depression, yet the problem is fairly common. During the teenage years, there's about a 20 percent [chance] of having depression or anxiety, research suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's highly prevalent,\" Newton says. The goal of the \"Find Your Words\" campaign is to help make depression easier for everyone to talk about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another challenge to diagnosis is that families often don't detect depression, or they confuse it for something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes teens are acting out or misbehaving,\" Zuckerbrot says. They're seen as being hostile or bad. \"When, instead, they're really suffering from depression.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pediatricians+Call+For+Universal+Depression+Screening+For+Teens&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439794 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439794",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/26/leading-pediatrics-group-wants-every-teen-in-america-to-be-screened-for-depression/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 549,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 18
},
"modified": 1519675376,
"excerpt": "The nation's top group of pediatricians has updated its guidelines for tackling teen mental health.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "The nation's top group of pediatricians has updated its guidelines for tackling teen mental health.",
"title": "Leading Pediatrics Group Wants Every Teen in America to be Screened for Depression | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Leading Pediatrics Group Wants Every Teen in America to be Screened for Depression",
"datePublished": "2018-02-26T12:02:56-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-02-26T12:02:56-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "leading-pediatrics-group-wants-every-teen-in-america-to-be-screened-for-depression",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=588334959&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprByline": "Allison Aubrey\u003cbr />NPR Shots",
"nprStoryDate": "Mon, 26 Feb 2018 00:03:00 -0500",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Mon, 26 Feb 2018 05:56:42 -0500",
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/02/26/588334959/pediatrians-call-for-universal-depression-screening-for-teens?ft=nprml&f=588334959",
"nprAudio": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/02/20180226_me_pediatricians_call_for_universal_depression_screening_for_teens.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=144&p=3&story=588334959&ft=nprml&f=588334959",
"nprImageAgency": "Getty Images",
"nprImageCredit": "Johner Bildbyra",
"nprAudioM3u": "http://api.npr.org/m3u/1588776322-f5b332.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=144&p=3&story=588334959&ft=nprml&f=588334959",
"nprStoryId": "588334959",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Mon, 26 Feb 2018 09:57:00 -0500",
"path": "/futureofyou/439794/leading-pediatrics-group-wants-every-teen-in-america-to-be-screened-for-depression",
"audioUrl": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2018/02/20180226_me_pediatricians_call_for_universal_depression_screening_for_teens.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&d=144&p=3&story=588334959&ft=nprml&f=588334959",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Only about 50 percent of adolescents with depression \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11430842\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">get diagnosed\u003c/a> before reaching adulthood. And as many as 2 in 3 depressed teens don't get the care that could help them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's a huge problem,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.columbiapsychiatry.org/profile/rachel-zuckerbrot-md\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Rachel Zuckerbrot\u003c/a>, a board-certified child and adolescent psychiatrist and associate professor at Columbia University.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address this divide, the American Academy of Pediatrics has\u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/120/5/e1299.full.pdf?ck=nck\"> issued\u003c/a> updated guidelines this week that call for universal screening for depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What we're endorsing is that everyone, 12 and up, be screened ... at least once a year,\" Zuckerbrot says. The screening, she says, could be done during a well-visit, a sports' physical or during another office visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerbrot helped write the guidelines, which have been in development for a while. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force also \u003ca href=\"https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-screening1\">recommends\u003c/a> depression screening, and many pediatricians have already woven the screenings into their practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Teenagers are often more honest when they're not looking somebody in the face who's asking questions,\" about their emotional health Zuckerbrot says. So, most pediatricians use a self-reported questionnaire that teens fill out themselves, either on an electronic device or on paper.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an opportunity for the adolescent to answer questions about themselves privately,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The questionnaires contain a range of questions. For instance, one version, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cqaimh.org/pdf/tool_phq2.pdf\">asks\u003c/a>: 'Over the past two weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems: feeling down, depressed or hopeless? Or, little interest or pleasure in doing things?' Teens are also asked questions such as, 'Are you having difficulty with sleep, either too much or too little?' 'Any problems with eating?'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new recommendations also call for families with a depressed teen to develop a safety plan to restrict the young person's access to lethal means of harm. Suicide is a leading cause of death for children aged 10 to 17, and \"adolescent suicide risk is strongly associated with firearm availability,\" \u003ca href=\"http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/130/5/e1416.full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">according\u003c/a> to an AAP report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's growing awareness in the U.S. of the need for young people to have good access to mental health care\u003cstrong>, \u003c/strong>says \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/douglas-newton-md-mph-99544a109\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Doug Newton\u003c/a>, a child psychiatrist at Kaiser Permanente in Colorado. \"As a nation this has become part of the dialogue; it increasing\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People are aware of what's happening in our schools and the importance of mental health,\" Newton says. Kaiser Permanente has a stigma-reduction campaign called\u003ca href=\"https://share.kaiserpermanente.org/article/find-your-words-to-fight-stigma-around-depression/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> Find Your Words\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Stigma is a huge challenge,\" he says, \"specifically for adolescents. Often times they're not coming in to get help because of the stigma attached.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not easy to talk about depression, yet the problem is fairly common. During the teenage years, there's about a 20 percent [chance] of having depression or anxiety, research suggests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's highly prevalent,\" Newton says. The goal of the \"Find Your Words\" campaign is to help make depression easier for everyone to talk about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another challenge to diagnosis is that families often don't detect depression, or they confuse it for something else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sometimes teens are acting out or misbehaving,\" Zuckerbrot says. They're seen as being hostile or bad. \"When, instead, they're really suffering from depression.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Pediatricians+Call+For+Universal+Depression+Screening+For+Teens&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439794/leading-pediatrics-group-wants-every-teen-in-america-to-be-screened-for-depression",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439794"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_592",
"futureofyou_204",
"futureofyou_1258",
"futureofyou_872"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_439795",
"label": "futureofyou_1093"
},
"futureofyou_439750": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439750",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439750",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1519426064000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"term": 1093
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1519426064,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "‘Superagers’ Maintain Memory Into 80s and 90s",
"title": "‘Superagers’ Maintain Memory Into 80s and 90s",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>It's pretty extraordinary for people in their 80s and 90s to keep the same sharp memory as someone several decades younger, and now scientists are peeking into the brains of these \"superagers\" to uncover their secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work is the flip side of the disappointing hunt for new drugs to fight or prevent Alzheimer's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, \"why don't we figure out what it is we might need to do to maximize our memory?\" said neuroscientist Emily Rogalski, who leads the SuperAging study at Northwestern University in Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parts of the brain shrink with age, one of the reasons why most [contextly_sidebar id=\"G3H8QC9o82TylnWZAr296D2zVHqEWAob\"]people experience a gradual slowing of at least some types of memory late in life, even if they avoid diseases like Alzheimer's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it turns out that superagers' brains aren't shrinking nearly as fast as their peers'. And autopsies of the first superagers to die during the study show they harbor a lot more of a special kind of nerve cell in a deep brain region that's important for attention, Rogalski told a recent meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These elite elders are \"more than just an oddity or a rarity,\" said neuroscientist Molly Wagster of the National Institute on Aging, which helps fund the research. \"There's the potential for learning an enormous amount and applying it to the rest of us, and even to those who may be on a trajectory for some type of neurodegenerative disease.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does it take to be a superager? A youthful brain in the body of someone 80 or older. Rogalski's team has given a battery of tests to more than 1,000 people who thought they'd qualify, and only about 5 percent pass. The key \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/07/a-tiny-pulse-of-electricity-to-the-brain-can-boost-memory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">memory challenge\u003c/a>: Listen to 15 unrelated words, and a half-hour later recall at least nine. That's the norm for 50-year-olds, but the average 80-year-old recalls five. Some superagers remember them all.[contextly_sidebar id=\"CmEYEjCmwB2h2qN7hBJIIlooU2YvQ8dj\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't mean you're any smarter,\" stressed superager William \"Bill\" Gurolnick, who turns 87 next month and joined the study two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor can he credit protective genes: Gurolnick's father developed Alzheimer's in his 50s. He thinks his own \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/2018/02/12/the-memory-of-stuff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stellar memory\u003c/a> is bolstered by keeping busy. He bikes, and plays tennis and water volleyball. He stays social through regular lunches and meetings with a men's group he co-founded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Absolutely that's a critical factor about keeping your wits about you,\" exclaimed Gurolnick, fresh off his monthly gin game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brain Scans\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogalski's superagers tend to be extroverts and report strong social networks, but otherwise they come from all walks of life, making it hard to find a common trait \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/04/11/emotions-are-a-construct-of-the-brain-says-psychologist-lisa-feldman-barrett/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">for brain health\u003c/a>. Some went to college, some didn't. Some have high IQs, some are average. She's studied people who've experienced enormous trauma, including a Holocaust survivor; fitness buffs and smokers; teetotalers and those who tout a nightly martini.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But deep in their brains is where she's finding compelling hints that somehow, superagers are more resilient against the ravages of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early on, brain scans showed that a superager's cortex — an outer brain layer critical for memory and other key functions — is much thicker than normal for their age. It looks more like the cortex of healthy 50- and 60-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not clear if they were born that way. But Rogalski's team found another possible explanation: A superager's cortex doesn't shrink as fast. Over 18 months, average 80-somethings experienced more than twice the rate of loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another clue: Deeper in the brain, that attention region is larger in superagers, too. And inside, autopsies showed that brain region was packed with unusual large, spindly neurons — a special and little understood type called von Economo neurons thought to play a role in social processing and awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The superagers had four to five times more of those neurons than the typical octogenarian, Rogalski said — more even than the average young adult.[contextly_sidebar id=\"AJFvjFXNb2dpYXWnAkrRzU9vWHQngSNl\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Northwestern study isn't the only attempt at unraveling long-lasting memory. At the University of California, Irvine, Dr. Claudia Kawas studies the oldest-old, people 90 and above. Some have Alzheimer's. Some have maintained excellent memory and some are in between.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 40 percent of the oldest-old who showed no symptoms of dementia in life nonetheless have full-fledged signs of Alzheimer's disease\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/08/09/lag-in-brain-donation-hampers-understanding-of-dementia-in-blacks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> in their brains\u003c/a> at death, Kawas told the AAAS meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogalski also found varying amounts of amyloid and tau, hallmark Alzheimer's proteins, in the brains of some superagers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now scientists are exploring how these people deflect damage. Maybe superagers have different pathways\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/01/06/obesity-can-lead-to-memory-loss/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to brain health.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are living long and living well,\" Rogalski said. \"Are there modifiable things we can think about today, in our everyday lives\" to do the same?\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439750 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439750",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/23/superagers-maintain-memory-into-80s-and-90s/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 835,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 24
},
"modified": 1519426064,
"excerpt": "Scientists are peeking into the brains of \"superagers\" to uncover their secrets to sharp memory.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Scientists are peeking into the brains of "superagers" to uncover their secrets to sharp memory.",
"title": "‘Superagers’ Maintain Memory Into 80s and 90s | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "‘Superagers’ Maintain Memory Into 80s and 90s",
"datePublished": "2018-02-23T14:47:44-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-02-23T14:47:44-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "superagers-maintain-memory-into-80s-and-90s",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Lauran Neergaard\u003cbr />The Associated Press",
"path": "/futureofyou/439750/superagers-maintain-memory-into-80s-and-90s",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's pretty extraordinary for people in their 80s and 90s to keep the same sharp memory as someone several decades younger, and now scientists are peeking into the brains of these \"superagers\" to uncover their secret.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work is the flip side of the disappointing hunt for new drugs to fight or prevent Alzheimer's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, \"why don't we figure out what it is we might need to do to maximize our memory?\" said neuroscientist Emily Rogalski, who leads the SuperAging study at Northwestern University in Chicago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parts of the brain shrink with age, one of the reasons why most \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>people experience a gradual slowing of at least some types of memory late in life, even if they avoid diseases like Alzheimer's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it turns out that superagers' brains aren't shrinking nearly as fast as their peers'. And autopsies of the first superagers to die during the study show they harbor a lot more of a special kind of nerve cell in a deep brain region that's important for attention, Rogalski told a recent meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These elite elders are \"more than just an oddity or a rarity,\" said neuroscientist Molly Wagster of the National Institute on Aging, which helps fund the research. \"There's the potential for learning an enormous amount and applying it to the rest of us, and even to those who may be on a trajectory for some type of neurodegenerative disease.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does it take to be a superager? A youthful brain in the body of someone 80 or older. Rogalski's team has given a battery of tests to more than 1,000 people who thought they'd qualify, and only about 5 percent pass. The key \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/07/a-tiny-pulse-of-electricity-to-the-brain-can-boost-memory/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">memory challenge\u003c/a>: Listen to 15 unrelated words, and a half-hour later recall at least nine. That's the norm for 50-year-olds, but the average 80-year-old recalls five. Some superagers remember them all.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It doesn't mean you're any smarter,\" stressed superager William \"Bill\" Gurolnick, who turns 87 next month and joined the study two years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nor can he credit protective genes: Gurolnick's father developed Alzheimer's in his 50s. He thinks his own \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/2018/02/12/the-memory-of-stuff/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">stellar memory\u003c/a> is bolstered by keeping busy. He bikes, and plays tennis and water volleyball. He stays social through regular lunches and meetings with a men's group he co-founded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Absolutely that's a critical factor about keeping your wits about you,\" exclaimed Gurolnick, fresh off his monthly gin game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brain Scans\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogalski's superagers tend to be extroverts and report strong social networks, but otherwise they come from all walks of life, making it hard to find a common trait \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2017/04/11/emotions-are-a-construct-of-the-brain-says-psychologist-lisa-feldman-barrett/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">for brain health\u003c/a>. Some went to college, some didn't. Some have high IQs, some are average. She's studied people who've experienced enormous trauma, including a Holocaust survivor; fitness buffs and smokers; teetotalers and those who tout a nightly martini.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But deep in their brains is where she's finding compelling hints that somehow, superagers are more resilient against the ravages of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Early on, brain scans showed that a superager's cortex — an outer brain layer critical for memory and other key functions — is much thicker than normal for their age. It looks more like the cortex of healthy 50- and 60-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's not clear if they were born that way. But Rogalski's team found another possible explanation: A superager's cortex doesn't shrink as fast. Over 18 months, average 80-somethings experienced more than twice the rate of loss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another clue: Deeper in the brain, that attention region is larger in superagers, too. And inside, autopsies showed that brain region was packed with unusual large, spindly neurons — a special and little understood type called von Economo neurons thought to play a role in social processing and awareness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The superagers had four to five times more of those neurons than the typical octogenarian, Rogalski said — more even than the average young adult.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Northwestern study isn't the only attempt at unraveling long-lasting memory. At the University of California, Irvine, Dr. Claudia Kawas studies the oldest-old, people 90 and above. Some have Alzheimer's. Some have maintained excellent memory and some are in between.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 40 percent of the oldest-old who showed no symptoms of dementia in life nonetheless have full-fledged signs of Alzheimer's disease\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2017/08/09/lag-in-brain-donation-hampers-understanding-of-dementia-in-blacks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> in their brains\u003c/a> at death, Kawas told the AAAS meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rogalski also found varying amounts of amyloid and tau, hallmark Alzheimer's proteins, in the brains of some superagers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now scientists are exploring how these people deflect damage. Maybe superagers have different pathways\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2017/01/06/obesity-can-lead-to-memory-loss/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> to brain health.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They are living long and living well,\" Rogalski said. \"Are there modifiable things we can think about today, in our everyday lives\" to do the same?\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439750/superagers-maintain-memory-into-80s-and-90s",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439750"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_999",
"futureofyou_56",
"futureofyou_1008",
"futureofyou_61",
"futureofyou_1047"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_439764",
"label": "futureofyou_1093"
},
"futureofyou_439726": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439726",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439726",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1519350794000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou",
"term": 1093
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1519350794,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "U.S. Panel Says it's Okay to Use Nasal Spray Flu Vaccine Again",
"title": "U.S. Panel Says it's Okay to Use Nasal Spray Flu Vaccine Again",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>It's OK for doctors to start using a kid-friendly nasal spray flu vaccine again, a federal panel said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the advisory group pulled its recommendation for FluMist vaccine after research found it wasn't working against swine flu, the kind of flu that was making most people sick then. But the Advisory Committee of Immunization Practices voted 12-2 Wednesday to recommend the nasal spray as an option for next winter's flu season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An official from AstraZeneca, the company that makes FluMist, said the problem with the vaccine has been identified and corrected. But panel members noted there's still not good proof that FluMist works well against the swine flu bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The AstraZeneca product was once considered the best childhood flu vaccine on the market .’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"This is not an easy decision. It's always a challenge to make a decision with incomplete data,\" said one panel member, Dr. Edward Belongia of the Wisconsin-based Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel makes its recommendations to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which usually accepts the advice and sends it along as guidance to doctors, hospitals and health insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FluMist is the only spray-in-the-nose vaccine on the market. It was first licensed in 2003 and is approved for healthy people ages 2 to 49. Unlike shots made from a killed virus, it is made from a live but weakened flu virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AstraZeneca product was once considered the best childhood flu vaccine on the market and accounted for about a third of all child vaccinations. But in 2016, the committee rescinded its recommendation of FluMist after federal study results showed it provided no protection from the 2009 swine flu strain that made most people sick the previous year. It remained on the market, but for the past two winters federal officials have not been recommending that doctors give it.[contextly_sidebar id=\"Hrou1Nwf7eYT3yzBWaRGfQJaw6JOSBDA\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AstraZeneca has changed the way it tests and selects strains for the vaccine, said Dr. Raburn Mallory, a company official, speaking at the panel meeting in Atlanta. It's been difficult for researchers to check how well the revised product works, in part because in the last two years another type of flu — not swine flu — has caused most of each season's illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies have suggested that while FluMist fell down against swine flu, it has been effective against other types of flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it better than nothing, panel members said. And FluMist is appealing because it is easier to give to kids who fear needles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts at the meeting worried the panel's decision could further damage public confidence in flu vaccines. If FluMist should fail to protect children during a bad flu season in the future, \"that's a potential disaster,\" said Dr. Sean O'Leary of the Pediatric infectious Diseases Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a government study found the flu shot was doing a poor job this winter. The flu vaccine changes from year to year, depending on what flu bugs are going around.\u003c/p>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439726 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439726",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/22/us-panel-says-its-okay-to-use-nasal-spray-flu-vaccine-again/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 515,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 14
},
"modified": 1519670843,
"excerpt": "FluMist was once considered the best childhood flu vaccine on the market and accounted for about a third of all child vaccinations.",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "FluMist was once considered the best childhood flu vaccine on the market and accounted for about a third of all child vaccinations.",
"title": "U.S. Panel Says it's Okay to Use Nasal Spray Flu Vaccine Again | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "U.S. Panel Says it's Okay to Use Nasal Spray Flu Vaccine Again",
"datePublished": "2018-02-22T17:53:14-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-02-26T10:47:23-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "us-panel-says-its-okay-to-use-nasal-spray-flu-vaccine-again",
"status": "publish",
"nprByline": "Mike Stobbe\u003cbr />Associated Press",
"path": "/futureofyou/439726/us-panel-says-its-okay-to-use-nasal-spray-flu-vaccine-again",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's OK for doctors to start using a kid-friendly nasal spray flu vaccine again, a federal panel said Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the advisory group pulled its recommendation for FluMist vaccine after research found it wasn't working against swine flu, the kind of flu that was making most people sick then. But the Advisory Committee of Immunization Practices voted 12-2 Wednesday to recommend the nasal spray as an option for next winter's flu season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An official from AstraZeneca, the company that makes FluMist, said the problem with the vaccine has been identified and corrected. But panel members noted there's still not good proof that FluMist works well against the swine flu bug.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The AstraZeneca product was once considered the best childhood flu vaccine on the market .’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\"This is not an easy decision. It's always a challenge to make a decision with incomplete data,\" said one panel member, Dr. Edward Belongia of the Wisconsin-based Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The panel makes its recommendations to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which usually accepts the advice and sends it along as guidance to doctors, hospitals and health insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FluMist is the only spray-in-the-nose vaccine on the market. It was first licensed in 2003 and is approved for healthy people ages 2 to 49. Unlike shots made from a killed virus, it is made from a live but weakened flu virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AstraZeneca product was once considered the best childhood flu vaccine on the market and accounted for about a third of all child vaccinations. But in 2016, the committee rescinded its recommendation of FluMist after federal study results showed it provided no protection from the 2009 swine flu strain that made most people sick the previous year. It remained on the market, but for the past two winters federal officials have not been recommending that doctors give it.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AstraZeneca has changed the way it tests and selects strains for the vaccine, said Dr. Raburn Mallory, a company official, speaking at the panel meeting in Atlanta. It's been difficult for researchers to check how well the revised product works, in part because in the last two years another type of flu — not swine flu — has caused most of each season's illnesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Studies have suggested that while FluMist fell down against swine flu, it has been effective against other types of flu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it better than nothing, panel members said. And FluMist is appealing because it is easier to give to kids who fear needles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts at the meeting worried the panel's decision could further damage public confidence in flu vaccines. If FluMist should fail to protect children during a bad flu season in the future, \"that's a potential disaster,\" said Dr. Sean O'Leary of the Pediatric infectious Diseases Society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a government study found the flu shot was doing a poor job this winter. The flu vaccine changes from year to year, depending on what flu bugs are going around.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439726/us-panel-says-its-okay-to-use-nasal-spray-flu-vaccine-again",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439726"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_491",
"futureofyou_952",
"futureofyou_662",
"futureofyou_61"
],
"collections": [
"futureofyou_1093"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_439727",
"label": "futureofyou_1093"
},
"futureofyou_439663": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "futureofyou_439663",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "439663",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1519242307000
]
},
"parent": 0,
"labelTerm": {
"site": "futureofyou"
},
"blocks": [],
"publishDate": 1519242307,
"format": "standard",
"disqusTitle": "One Hospital's Alternatives to Opioids: Ultrasound, Laughing Gas and a Harpist",
"title": "One Hospital's Alternatives to Opioids: Ultrasound, Laughing Gas and a Harpist",
"headTitle": "KQED Future of You | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's \"Take A Number\" series is exploring problems around the world — and solutions — through the lens of a single number.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the places many people are first prescribed opioids is a hospital emergency room. But in one of the busiest ERs in the U.S., doctors are relying less than they used to on oxycodone, Percocet, Vicodin and other opioids to ease patients' pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an unusual program designed to help stem the opioid epidemic, the emergency department at St. Joseph's University Medical Center in Paterson, N.J., has been exploring alternative painkillers and methods. That strategy has led to a 58 percent drop in the ER's opioid prescriptions in the program's first year, according to numbers provided by St. Joseph's Healthcare System's chair of emergency medicine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acep.org/About-Us/Mark-S--Rosenberg,-DO,-MBA,-FACEP/#sm.0000ls6hgmdy4d0uqfi1p4c9s5owg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Mark Rosenberg\u003c/a>.[contextly_sidebar id=\"D1EyoUxYDMBjh1AkNfnPFboTgmJ75xNG\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a complete change in philosophy, a complete change in culture in the department,\" says Rosenberg, who launched the Alternatives to Opiates program in 2016 with \u003ca href=\"https://www.stjosephshealth.org/doctors/alexis-lapietra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Alexis LaPietra\u003c/a>, the medical director of pain management in the emergency department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the program was highlighted during a visit to the hospital by the chair of President Trump's commission to study the national opioid crisis, former New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There is a complete change in philosophy, a complete change in culture in the department.'\u003ccite>Dr. Mark Rosenberg[\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Patients are experiencing the shift in care for painful symptoms related to various diagnoses, including kidney stones, broken bones and muscle spasms. It was a muscle spasm and a deep bruise from a subsequent fall that brought Jonathan Milton, a 43-year-old forklift driver from Jersey City, N.J., hobbling into St. Joseph's ER one morning in January. A couple nights earlier, Milton was at home, lying on the floor and watching TV. He accidentally fell asleep on his left side. When he woke up the next morning, he could barely get up. From his left hip down to his leg, he says, the spasm left him feeling \"like somebody just came into that room, just kicked me and kept moving.\" Later at work, when he tried to get up into the forklift, he fell. \"I was so much in pain — tears were coming out my eyes,\" he said as he waited in a hospital chair for more instructions from his doctors. Milton has come into this ER in pain before. \"I did see from your visit you were here for that shoulder sprain,\" said LaPietra, after checking the hospital's records about Milton's 2011 visit. \"You did get opioids. You got Percocet.\" Back then, opioid painkillers were part of the emergency department's first line of offense against pain. Today, opioids are not banned, but LaPietra says sometimes the best way to reduce the pain from a muscle spasm, for example, is \u003ca href=\"http://www.jospt.org/doi/full/10.2519/jospt.2013.0505?code=jospt-site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dry needling of a trigger point,\u003c/a> not a pill. \"Because it's so contained, it's hard for that medication to actually get into the spasm,\" she explains, adding that the dry needle can break up the muscle tissue and mechanically stop the spasm and the pain — with no medication needed. The dry needling is followed with a small injection of a local anesthetic for the soreness caused by the needle. The ER team at St. Joseph's employs a number of other pain-relieving strategies, too: using patches of lidocaine (a non-opioid painkiller); ultrasound to find nerves so they can inject numbing agents; laughing gas for patients to breathe in through a mask, and even a harpist to roam the halls to soothe patients, who are then often sent home with instructions to use ibuprofen, acetaminophen or a warm compress rather than opioids.[contextly_sidebar id=\"ucw5jA2Zx7i07huQTBHfWJwpisz3aPfv\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to go back to times when things were a little more simple,\" LaPietra says. \"Those easy, at-home techniques — good patient education, really — they help a lot with some of that pain that patients have to deal with when they go home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what may sound like common sense now — in light of the increased awareness of how addictive opioids can be — still requires a major culture shift among ER doctors who have prescribed these pills for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It took a little bit of getting used to,\" says Dr. Ninad Shroff, an attending physician in St. Joseph's ER. \"I've been doing this for about 20 years, so for me, it was a big change.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years into the alternatives-to-opioids program, however, Shroff says during some shifts in the ER, where he mainly treats bumps, bruises and other musculoskeletal injuries, he doesn't prescribe a single opioid. He still finds that \"unbelievable,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenberg, who runs the ER, says doctors at other hospitals nearby are noticing the shift at St. Joseph's. He says he's been asked, \"Why are all the drug users from your area coming to my emergency department?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's because they're not going to get opioids at our emergency department unless they're absolutely needed,\" Rosenberg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One challenge his program has had to work through is the cost of using alternatives to opioids. A few times, doctors had to work with pharmacists to find more affordable alternatives to the alternatives. For example, instead of prescribing lidocaine patches for patients to put on at home, doctors have switched to lidocaine ointment or cream, which is often covered by insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The insurance companies don't embrace all the alternative treatments and instead would rather frequently have us prescribe opioids because they tend to be inexpensive and readily available,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other emergency departments have rolled out alternatives to opioids at a smaller scale. But the model that St. Joseph's has developed is now being copied at other facilities, including some in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.uchealth.org/today/2017/06/12/pushing-alternatives-not-opioids/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCHealth system in Colorado\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people now are very sensitive to the opioid epidemic,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.pcom.edu/academics/faculty/thomas-brabson.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Thomas Brabson\u003c/a>, chairman of emergency services at AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center in Atlantic City, N.J., where he launched a similar opioid-alternative program in 2016.[contextly_sidebar id=\"8kBtNC61nhAHQ1SWlSOvsNXVFujE7e2r\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The pleasant feeling of the opioids was something that people presumed was what the patients wanted, and that would help with your customer service scores,\" Brabson explains, adding that now more patients are asking physicians not to prescribe any opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a change in expectations about the painkillers that you also hear from patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't give me that,\" says Milton, the forklift driver with a muscle spasm. \"I'd rather just keep dealing with the Motrin or the Advil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his shoulder sprain back in 2011, doctors at St. Joseph's gave Milton a dose of Percocet in the ER and more pills to take home. But during his recent visit, Dr. Jessica Lim put a patch of lidocaine on his left side and told him to take Motrin and Tylenol and to stretch at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were considering giving you a muscle relaxer,\" Lim explained to Milton, \"and I know you don't like that feeling. So we're not going to give it to you. This is even more on you to do the work yourself at home, and I know a lot of patients don't like hearing that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Milton was OK with her advice — and glad to leave the ER with no opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=ER+Reduces+Opioid+Use+By+More+Than+Half+With+Dry+Needles%2C+Laughing+Gas&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
"disqusIdentifier": "439663 https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/?p=439663",
"disqusUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/futureofyou/2018/02/21/one-hospitals-alternatives-to-opioids-ultrasound-laughing-gas-and-a-harpist/",
"stats": {
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"hasAudio": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"wordCount": 1249,
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"paragraphCount": 24
},
"modified": 1519242307,
"excerpt": "Opioid prescriptions in some emergency rooms dropped by 58 percent thanks to an unusual program. ",
"headData": {
"twImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twDescription": "",
"description": "Opioid prescriptions in some emergency rooms dropped by 58 percent thanks to an unusual program. ",
"title": "One Hospital's Alternatives to Opioids: Ultrasound, Laughing Gas and a Harpist | KQED",
"ogDescription": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "One Hospital's Alternatives to Opioids: Ultrasound, Laughing Gas and a Harpist",
"datePublished": "2018-02-21T11:45:07-08:00",
"dateModified": "2018-02-21T11:45:07-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "one-hospitals-alternatives-to-opioids-ultrasound-laughing-gas-and-a-harpist",
"status": "publish",
"nprApiLink": "http://api.npr.org/query?id=577139699&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004",
"nprByline": "Hansi Lo Wang\u003cbr />NPR Shots",
"nprStoryDate": "Tue, 20 Feb 2018 13:02:00 -0500",
"nprLastModifiedDate": "Tue, 20 Feb 2018 19:05:15 -0500",
"nprHtmlLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2018/02/20/577139699/er-reduces-opioid-use-by-more-than-half-with-dry-needles-laughing-gas?ft=nprml&f=577139699",
"nprAudio": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2018/02/20180220_atc_er_reduces_opioid_use_by_more_than_half_with_dry_needles_laughing_gas.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&aggIds=572289240&d=315&p=2&story=577139699&ft=nprml&f=577139699",
"nprImageAgency": "NPR",
"nprImageCredit": "Hansi Lo Wang",
"nprAudioM3u": "http://api.npr.org/m3u/1587375804-ba2073.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1003&aggIds=572289240&d=315&p=2&story=577139699&ft=nprml&f=577139699",
"nprStoryId": "577139699",
"nprRetrievedStory": "1",
"nprPubDate": "Tue, 20 Feb 2018 21:05:00 -0500",
"path": "/futureofyou/439663/one-hospitals-alternatives-to-opioids-ultrasound-laughing-gas-and-a-harpist",
"audioUrl": "https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2018/02/20180220_atc_er_reduces_opioid_use_by_more_than_half_with_dry_needles_laughing_gas.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1003&aggIds=572289240&d=315&p=2&story=577139699&ft=nprml&f=577139699",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR's \"Take A Number\" series is exploring problems around the world — and solutions — through the lens of a single number.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the places many people are first prescribed opioids is a hospital emergency room. But in one of the busiest ERs in the U.S., doctors are relying less than they used to on oxycodone, Percocet, Vicodin and other opioids to ease patients' pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an unusual program designed to help stem the opioid epidemic, the emergency department at St. Joseph's University Medical Center in Paterson, N.J., has been exploring alternative painkillers and methods. That strategy has led to a 58 percent drop in the ER's opioid prescriptions in the program's first year, according to numbers provided by St. Joseph's Healthcare System's chair of emergency medicine, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acep.org/About-Us/Mark-S--Rosenberg,-DO,-MBA,-FACEP/#sm.0000ls6hgmdy4d0uqfi1p4c9s5owg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Mark Rosenberg\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is a complete change in philosophy, a complete change in culture in the department,\" says Rosenberg, who launched the Alternatives to Opiates program in 2016 with \u003ca href=\"https://www.stjosephshealth.org/doctors/alexis-lapietra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Alexis LaPietra\u003c/a>, the medical director of pain management in the emergency department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, the program was highlighted during a visit to the hospital by the chair of President Trump's commission to study the national opioid crisis, former New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'There is a complete change in philosophy, a complete change in culture in the department.'\u003ccite>Dr. Mark Rosenberg[\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Patients are experiencing the shift in care for painful symptoms related to various diagnoses, including kidney stones, broken bones and muscle spasms. It was a muscle spasm and a deep bruise from a subsequent fall that brought Jonathan Milton, a 43-year-old forklift driver from Jersey City, N.J., hobbling into St. Joseph's ER one morning in January. A couple nights earlier, Milton was at home, lying on the floor and watching TV. He accidentally fell asleep on his left side. When he woke up the next morning, he could barely get up. From his left hip down to his leg, he says, the spasm left him feeling \"like somebody just came into that room, just kicked me and kept moving.\" Later at work, when he tried to get up into the forklift, he fell. \"I was so much in pain — tears were coming out my eyes,\" he said as he waited in a hospital chair for more instructions from his doctors. Milton has come into this ER in pain before. \"I did see from your visit you were here for that shoulder sprain,\" said LaPietra, after checking the hospital's records about Milton's 2011 visit. \"You did get opioids. You got Percocet.\" Back then, opioid painkillers were part of the emergency department's first line of offense against pain. Today, opioids are not banned, but LaPietra says sometimes the best way to reduce the pain from a muscle spasm, for example, is \u003ca href=\"http://www.jospt.org/doi/full/10.2519/jospt.2013.0505?code=jospt-site\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dry needling of a trigger point,\u003c/a> not a pill. \"Because it's so contained, it's hard for that medication to actually get into the spasm,\" she explains, adding that the dry needle can break up the muscle tissue and mechanically stop the spasm and the pain — with no medication needed. The dry needling is followed with a small injection of a local anesthetic for the soreness caused by the needle. The ER team at St. Joseph's employs a number of other pain-relieving strategies, too: using patches of lidocaine (a non-opioid painkiller); ultrasound to find nerves so they can inject numbing agents; laughing gas for patients to breathe in through a mask, and even a harpist to roam the halls to soothe patients, who are then often sent home with instructions to use ibuprofen, acetaminophen or a warm compress rather than opioids.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have to go back to times when things were a little more simple,\" LaPietra says. \"Those easy, at-home techniques — good patient education, really — they help a lot with some of that pain that patients have to deal with when they go home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what may sound like common sense now — in light of the increased awareness of how addictive opioids can be — still requires a major culture shift among ER doctors who have prescribed these pills for years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It took a little bit of getting used to,\" says Dr. Ninad Shroff, an attending physician in St. Joseph's ER. \"I've been doing this for about 20 years, so for me, it was a big change.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two years into the alternatives-to-opioids program, however, Shroff says during some shifts in the ER, where he mainly treats bumps, bruises and other musculoskeletal injuries, he doesn't prescribe a single opioid. He still finds that \"unbelievable,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosenberg, who runs the ER, says doctors at other hospitals nearby are noticing the shift at St. Joseph's. He says he's been asked, \"Why are all the drug users from your area coming to my emergency department?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's because they're not going to get opioids at our emergency department unless they're absolutely needed,\" Rosenberg says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One challenge his program has had to work through is the cost of using alternatives to opioids. A few times, doctors had to work with pharmacists to find more affordable alternatives to the alternatives. For example, instead of prescribing lidocaine patches for patients to put on at home, doctors have switched to lidocaine ointment or cream, which is often covered by insurers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The insurance companies don't embrace all the alternative treatments and instead would rather frequently have us prescribe opioids because they tend to be inexpensive and readily available,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other emergency departments have rolled out alternatives to opioids at a smaller scale. But the model that St. Joseph's has developed is now being copied at other facilities, including some in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.uchealth.org/today/2017/06/12/pushing-alternatives-not-opioids/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCHealth system in Colorado\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"A lot of people now are very sensitive to the opioid epidemic,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://www.pcom.edu/academics/faculty/thomas-brabson.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Thomas Brabson\u003c/a>, chairman of emergency services at AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center in Atlantic City, N.J., where he launched a similar opioid-alternative program in 2016.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The pleasant feeling of the opioids was something that people presumed was what the patients wanted, and that would help with your customer service scores,\" Brabson explains, adding that now more patients are asking physicians not to prescribe any opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a change in expectations about the painkillers that you also hear from patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Don't give me that,\" says Milton, the forklift driver with a muscle spasm. \"I'd rather just keep dealing with the Motrin or the Advil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his shoulder sprain back in 2011, doctors at St. Joseph's gave Milton a dose of Percocet in the ER and more pills to take home. But during his recent visit, Dr. Jessica Lim put a patch of lidocaine on his left side and told him to take Motrin and Tylenol and to stretch at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were considering giving you a muscle relaxer,\" Lim explained to Milton, \"and I know you don't like that feeling. So we're not going to give it to you. This is even more on you to do the work yourself at home, and I know a lot of patients don't like hearing that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Milton was OK with her advice — and glad to leave the ER with no opioids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http://www.npr.org/\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=ER+Reduces+Opioid+Use+By+More+Than+Half+With+Dry+Needles%2C+Laughing+Gas&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/futureofyou/439663/one-hospitals-alternatives-to-opioids-ultrasound-laughing-gas-and-a-harpist",
"authors": [
"byline_futureofyou_439663"
],
"categories": [
"futureofyou_1060",
"futureofyou_1"
],
"tags": [
"futureofyou_828",
"futureofyou_952",
"futureofyou_177",
"futureofyou_1056",
"futureofyou_938"
],
"featImg": "futureofyou_439664",
"label": "futureofyou"
}
},
"podcastsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"podcasts": {}
},
"radioProgramsReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"radioPrograms": {}
},
"radioSearchSegmentsReducer": {},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/26099305-72af-4542-9dde-ac1807fe36d5/kqed-s-the-california-report",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/44420f75-3b0e-4301-ab3b-16da6b09e543/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0c2d153-ad36-4c8d-901d-f1da6a724824/political-breakdown",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/d800ea4c-7a2c-42f2-b861-edaf78a5db0b/the-bay",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"racesGenElection2026Reducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/futureofyou?category=diy-health": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 120,
"size": 12
},
"vitalsOnly": false,
"totalRequested": 12,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 290,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"futureofyou_440080",
"futureofyou_440058",
"futureofyou_440049",
"futureofyou_440020",
"futureofyou_439980",
"futureofyou_439887",
"futureofyou_439851",
"futureofyou_439807",
"futureofyou_439794",
"futureofyou_439750",
"futureofyou_439726",
"futureofyou_439663"
],
"complete": true
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"newslettersReducer": {
"isFetching": false,
"fetchFailed": false,
"hasFetched": false,
"newsletters": {},
"isSubscribing": false,
"isUnsubscribing": false,
"subscribedNewsletters": {}
},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"careers": {
"name": "Careers",
"type": "terms",
"id": "careers",
"slug": "careers",
"link": "/careers",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"newsletters": {
"name": "newsletters",
"type": "terms",
"id": "newsletters",
"slug": "newsletters",
"link": "/newsletters",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou_category_diy-health": {
"isLoading": true
},
"futureofyou_1060": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1060",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1060",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "DIY Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "DIY Health Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1060,
"slug": "diy-health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/category/diy-health"
},
"source_futureofyou_440080": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_futureofyou_440080",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "DIY Health",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_futureofyou_440058": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_futureofyou_440058",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "DYI Health",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_futureofyou_440049": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_futureofyou_440049",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "DIY Health",
"isLoading": false
},
"source_futureofyou_440020": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "source_futureofyou_440020",
"meta": {
"override": true
},
"name": "DIY Health",
"isLoading": false
},
"futureofyou_1": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "KQED Future Of You",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "KQED Future Of You Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1,
"slug": "future-of-you",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/category/future-of-you"
},
"futureofyou_532": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_532",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "532",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Aging",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Aging Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 532,
"slug": "aging",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/aging"
},
"futureofyou_259": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_259",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "259",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "doctor",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "doctor Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 259,
"slug": "doctor",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/doctor"
},
"futureofyou_743": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_743",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "743",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "exercise",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "exercise Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 743,
"slug": "exercise",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/exercise"
},
"futureofyou_61": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_61",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "61",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 61,
"slug": "health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/health"
},
"futureofyou_279": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_279",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "279",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "heart",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "heart Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 279,
"slug": "heart",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/heart"
},
"futureofyou_1640": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1640",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1640",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "newyearsresolve",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "newyearsresolve Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1640,
"slug": "newyearsresolve",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/newyearsresolve"
},
"futureofyou_1093": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1093",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1093",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "DIY Health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "collection",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "DIY Health Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1093,
"slug": "diy-health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/collection/diy-health"
},
"futureofyou_103": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_103",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "103",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "cancer",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "cancer Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 103,
"slug": "cancer",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/cancer"
},
"futureofyou_1327": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1327",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1327",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "death",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "death Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1327,
"slug": "death",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/death"
},
"futureofyou_1224": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1224",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1224",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "psychology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "psychology Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1224,
"slug": "psychology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/psychology"
},
"futureofyou_190": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_190",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "190",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "doctors",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "doctors Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 190,
"slug": "doctors",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/doctors"
},
"futureofyou_952": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_952",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "952",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "drugs",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "drugs Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 952,
"slug": "drugs",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/drugs"
},
"futureofyou_662": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_662",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "662",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "flu",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "flu Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 662,
"slug": "flu",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/flu"
},
"futureofyou_1056": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1056",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1056",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "medical treatment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "medical treatment Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1056,
"slug": "medical-treatment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/medical-treatment"
},
"futureofyou_54": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_54",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "54",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Future of You",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Future of You Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 54,
"slug": "future-of-you",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/program/future-of-you"
},
"futureofyou_73": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_73",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "73",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "KQED News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "KQED News Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 73,
"slug": "kqed-news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/category/kqed-news"
},
"futureofyou_15": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_15",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "15",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "23andMe",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "23andMe Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 15,
"slug": "23andme",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/23andme"
},
"futureofyou_264": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_264",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "264",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "breast cancer",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "breast cancer Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 264,
"slug": "breast-cancer",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/breast-cancer"
},
"futureofyou_38": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_38",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "38",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "FDA",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "FDA Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 38,
"slug": "fda",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/fda"
},
"futureofyou_1275": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1275",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1275",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "featured",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "featured Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1275,
"slug": "featured",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/featured"
},
"futureofyou_266": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_266",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "266",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "genetic test",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "genetic test Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 266,
"slug": "genetic-test",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/genetic-test"
},
"futureofyou_1041": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1041",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1041",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Marijuana",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Marijuana Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1041,
"slug": "marijuana",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/marijuana"
},
"futureofyou_938": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_938",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "938",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "opioids",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "opioids Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 938,
"slug": "opioids",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/opioids"
},
"futureofyou_1037": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1037",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1037",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "research studies",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "research studies Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1037,
"slug": "research-studies",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/research-studies"
},
"futureofyou_452": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_452",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "452",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Health Policy",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Health Policy Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 452,
"slug": "health-policy",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/category/health-policy"
},
"futureofyou_141": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_141",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "141",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "disease",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "disease Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 141,
"slug": "disease",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/disease"
},
"futureofyou_177": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_177",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "177",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "hospitals",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "hospitals Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 177,
"slug": "hospitals",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/hospitals"
},
"futureofyou_225": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_225",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "225",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "kqedhealth",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "kqedhealth Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 225,
"slug": "kqedhealth",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/kqedhealth"
},
"futureofyou_198": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_198",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "198",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "treatment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "treatment Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 198,
"slug": "treatment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/treatment"
},
"futureofyou_161": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_161",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "161",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "ADHD",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "ADHD Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 161,
"slug": "adhd",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/adhd"
},
"futureofyou_491": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_491",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "491",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "children",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "children Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 491,
"slug": "children",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/children"
},
"futureofyou_1217": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1217",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1217",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "pediatrics",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "pediatrics Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1217,
"slug": "pediatrics",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/pediatrics"
},
"futureofyou_912": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_912",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "912",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "toxics",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "toxics Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 912,
"slug": "toxics",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/toxics"
},
"futureofyou_1061": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1061",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1061",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Your Brain on Tech",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Your Brain on Tech Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1061,
"slug": "your-brain-on-tech",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/category/your-brain-on-tech"
},
"futureofyou_592": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_592",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "592",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "depression",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "depression Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 592,
"slug": "depression",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/depression"
},
"futureofyou_204": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_204",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "204",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "mental health",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "mental health Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 204,
"slug": "mental-health",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/mental-health"
},
"futureofyou_722": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_722",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "722",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "robots",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "robots Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 722,
"slug": "robots",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/robots"
},
"futureofyou_35": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_35",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "35",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "technology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "technology Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 35,
"slug": "technology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/technology"
},
"futureofyou_1096": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1096",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1096",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Your Brain on Tech",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "collection",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Your Brain on Tech Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1096,
"slug": "your-brain-on-tech",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/collection/your-brain-on-tech"
},
"futureofyou_1258": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1258",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1258",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "suicide",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "suicide Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1258,
"slug": "suicide",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/suicide"
},
"futureofyou_872": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_872",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "872",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "teens",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "teens Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 872,
"slug": "teens",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/teens"
},
"futureofyou_999": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_999",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "999",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Alzheimer's",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Alzheimer's Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 999,
"slug": "alzheimers",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/alzheimers"
},
"futureofyou_56": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_56",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "56",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "brain",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "brain Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 56,
"slug": "brain",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/brain"
},
"futureofyou_1008": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1008",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1008",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "elderly",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "elderly Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1008,
"slug": "elderly",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/elderly"
},
"futureofyou_1047": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_1047",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "1047",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "memory",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "memory Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1047,
"slug": "memory",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/memory"
},
"futureofyou_828": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou_828",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "futureofyou",
"id": "828",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "addiction",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "tag",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "addiction Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 828,
"slug": "addiction",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/futureofyou/tag/addiction"
}
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
}
}
