window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={
"attachmentsReducer": {
"audio_0": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_0",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_1": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_1",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_2": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_2",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_3": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_3",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"
}
}
},
"audio_4": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "audio_4",
"imgSizes": {
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"
}
}
},
"placeholder": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "placeholder",
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-lrg": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-med": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"fd-sm": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-800x533.jpg",
"width": 800,
"height": 533,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xxsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xsmall": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"small": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"xlarge": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1020x680.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"height": 680,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1-1920x1280.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1280,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-32": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 32,
"height": 32,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-50": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 50,
"height": 50,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-64": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 64,
"height": 64,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-96": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 96,
"height": 96,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"guest-author-128": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 128,
"height": 128,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"detail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-1333x1333-1-160x160.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/KQED-Default-Image-816638274-2000x1333-1.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333
}
}
},
"root-site_21150": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "root-site_21150",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "root-site",
"id": "21150",
"found": true
},
"parent": 0,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-900x576.gif",
"width": 900,
"mimeType": "image/gif",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-160x160.gif",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/gif",
"height": 160
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-672x372.gif",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/gif",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile.gif",
"width": 900,
"height": 900
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-800x800.gif",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/gif",
"height": 800
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile-768x768.gif",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/gif",
"height": 768
}
},
"publishDate": 1654140096,
"modified": 1654140139,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "forum-logo-900x900tile",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim & Alexis Madrigal",
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"root-site_21112": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "root-site_21112",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "root-site",
"id": "21112",
"found": true
},
"parent": 19528,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1-1038x576.png",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1-160x84.png",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 84
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1.png",
"width": 1200,
"height": 630
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1-1020x536.png",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 536
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1-800x420.png",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 420
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1-768x403.png",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 403
}
},
"publishDate": 1652823730,
"modified": 1654139956,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Thumbnail Wordpress 1200x630",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim & Alexis Madrigal",
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"root-site_21111": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "root-site_21111",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "root-site",
"id": "21111",
"found": true
},
"parent": 19528,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-160x80.png",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 80
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress.png",
"width": 1024,
"height": 512
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1020x510.png",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 510
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-800x400.png",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 400
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-768x384.png",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 384
}
},
"publishDate": 1652813224,
"modified": 1654139948,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Thumbnail Wordpress",
"credit": null,
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim & Alexis Madrigal",
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101913709": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101913709",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101913709",
"found": true
},
"title": "Wanted hackers coding virus ransomware using laptops and computers. Cyber attack, system breaking and malware concept.",
"publishDate": 1777496554,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101913708,
"modified": 1777496601,
"caption": null,
"credit": "boonchai wedmakawand/Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-2048x1365.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1365,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-1437811938-scaled.jpg",
"width": 2560,
"height": 1706
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101913712": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101913712",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101913712",
"found": true
},
"title": "WH Briefing Iran 4/6/26",
"publishDate": 1777502647,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101913711,
"modified": 1777502710,
"caption": "UNITED STATES - APRIL 6: President Donald Trump conducts a news conference in the White House briefing room about the war in Iran on Monday, April 6, 2026.",
"credit": "Tom Williams/CQ-Roll Call, Inc via Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-2048x1365.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1365,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-2269641966-scaled.jpg",
"width": 2560,
"height": 1707
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101913691": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101913691",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101913691",
"found": true
},
"title": null,
"publishDate": 1777416521,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101913690,
"modified": 1777416583,
"caption": "Roundup products are seen for sale at a store in San Rafael, California, on July, 9, 2018.",
"credit": "Josh Edelson/AFP/via Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"medium": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-160x107.jpg",
"width": 160,
"height": 107,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-768x512.jpg",
"width": 768,
"height": 512,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-1536x1024.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"height": 1024,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"2048x2048": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-2048x1365.jpg",
"width": 2048,
"height": 1365,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-2000x1333.jpg",
"width": 2000,
"height": 1333,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/04/GettyImages-994997280-scaled.jpg",
"width": 2560,
"height": 1707
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101911827": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101911827",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911827",
"found": true
},
"title": null,
"publishDate": 1761752811,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101911792,
"modified": 1761752834,
"caption": null,
"credit": null,
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/IMG_5710housing-160x90.png",
"width": 160,
"height": 90,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/IMG_5710housing-768x432.png",
"width": 768,
"height": 432,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/IMG_5710housing-1536x864.png",
"width": 1536,
"height": 864,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/IMG_5710housing-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/IMG_5710housing-1038x576.png",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/IMG_5710housing.png",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101911607": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101911607",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911607",
"found": true
},
"title": null,
"publishDate": 1760396790,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101911606,
"modified": 1760397002,
"caption": "Maritza Salinas hugs her daughter, Ranea, 4, at a playground in San Francisco on July 22, 2025. Salinas has experienced homelessness since leaving an abusive relationship in 2022. For the past several years, she and her children have been in and out of shelters.",
"credit": null,
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/hug-160x90.png",
"width": 160,
"height": 90,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/hug-768x432.png",
"width": 768,
"height": 432,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/hug-1536x864.png",
"width": 1536,
"height": 864,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/hug-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/hug-1038x576.png",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/hug.png",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101911398": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101911398",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911398",
"found": true
},
"title": null,
"publishDate": 1759182657,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101911397,
"modified": 1759182676,
"caption": null,
"credit": "fhm/Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/homeless-160x90.png",
"width": 160,
"height": 90,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/homeless-768x432.png",
"width": 768,
"height": 432,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/homeless-1536x864.png",
"width": 1536,
"height": 864,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/homeless-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/homeless-1038x576.png",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/homeless.png",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101894735": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101894735",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101894735",
"found": true
},
"parent": 2010101894733,
"imgSizes": {
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked-1038x576.jpg",
"width": 1038,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 576
},
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked-160x90.jpg",
"width": 160,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 90
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked-672x372.jpg",
"width": 672,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 372
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked.jpg",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
},
"large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked-1020x574.jpg",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 574
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked-1536x864.jpg",
"width": 1536,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 864
},
"medium": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked-800x450.jpg",
"width": 800,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 450
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/43/2023/10/Spoooked-768x432.jpg",
"width": 768,
"mimeType": "image/jpeg",
"height": 432
}
},
"publishDate": 1697154891,
"modified": 1697154972,
"caption": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Spoooked",
"credit": "Courtesy of Spooked",
"status": "inherit",
"altTag": null,
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101911503": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101911503",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911503",
"found": true
},
"title": null,
"publishDate": 1759790575,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101911494,
"modified": 1759790597,
"caption": null,
"credit": "Studio One-One/Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/secesion-160x90.png",
"width": 160,
"height": 90,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/secesion-768x432.png",
"width": 768,
"height": 432,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/secesion-1536x864.png",
"width": 1536,
"height": 864,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/secesion-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/secesion-1038x576.png",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/10/secesion.png",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
},
"forum_2010101911273": {
"type": "attachments",
"id": "forum_2010101911273",
"meta": {
"index": "attachments_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911273",
"found": true
},
"title": null,
"publishDate": 1758061688,
"status": "inherit",
"parent": 2010101911272,
"modified": 1758063604,
"caption": "A mural of Bruce Lee is seen in San Francisco's Chinatown at the corner of Grant Avenue and Commercial Street. Lee was born in Chinatown in 1940.",
"credit": "piola666/Getty Images",
"altTag": null,
"description": null,
"imgSizes": {
"thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/bruceleemural-160x90.png",
"width": 160,
"height": 90,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"medium_large": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/bruceleemural-768x432.png",
"width": 768,
"height": 432,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"1536x1536": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/bruceleemural-1536x864.png",
"width": 1536,
"height": 864,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"post-thumbnail": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/bruceleemural-672x372.png",
"width": 672,
"height": 372,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"twentyfourteen-full-width": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/bruceleemural-1038x576.png",
"width": 1038,
"height": 576,
"mimeType": "image/png"
},
"kqedFullSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2025/09/bruceleemural.png",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080
}
},
"fetchFailed": false,
"isLoading": false
}
},
"audioPlayerReducer": {
"postId": "stream_live",
"isPaused": true,
"isPlaying": false,
"pfsActive": false,
"pledgeModalIsOpen": true,
"playerDrawerIsOpen": false
},
"authorsReducer": {
"minakim": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "243",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "243",
"found": true
},
"name": "Mina Kim",
"firstName": "Mina",
"lastName": "Kim",
"slug": "minakim",
"email": "mkim@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": false,
"staff_mastheads": [
"news"
],
"title": "Host, Forum",
"bio": "Mina Kim is host of the 10 a.m. statewide hour of Forum; a live daily talk show for curious Californians on issues that matter to the state and nation, with a particular emphasis on race and equity.\r\n\r\nBefore joining the Forum team, Mina was KQED’s evening news anchor, and health reporter for The California Report. Her award-winning work has included natural disasters in Napa and gun violence in Oakland. Mina grew up in St. John’s, Newfoundland.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/145ce657a2d08cb86d93686beb958982?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "mkimreporter",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"contributor"
]
},
{
"site": "stateofhealth",
"roles": [
"author"
]
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Mina Kim | KQED",
"description": "Host, Forum",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/145ce657a2d08cb86d93686beb958982?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/145ce657a2d08cb86d93686beb958982?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/minakim"
},
"amadrigal": {
"type": "authors",
"id": "11757",
"meta": {
"index": "authors_1716337520",
"id": "11757",
"found": true
},
"name": "Alexis Madrigal",
"firstName": "Alexis",
"lastName": "Madrigal",
"slug": "amadrigal",
"email": "amadrigal@kqed.org",
"display_author_email": true,
"staff_mastheads": [],
"title": "Co-Host Forum",
"bio": "Alexis Madrigal is the co-host of Forum. He is also a contributing writer at \u003cem>The Atlantic \u003c/em>and the co-founder of the COVID Tracking Project. He's the creator of the podcast, \u003cem>Containers\u003c/em>, and has been a staff writer at \u003cem>Wired. \u003c/em>He was a visiting scholar at UC Berkeley's Information School, and is working on a book about Oakland and the Bay Area's revolutionary ideas.",
"avatar": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/200d13dd6cebef55bf04327dec901b3d?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twitter": "alexismadrigal",
"facebook": null,
"instagram": null,
"linkedin": null,
"sites": [
{
"site": "news",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
},
{
"site": "forum",
"roles": [
"editor"
]
}
],
"headData": {
"title": "Alexis Madrigal | KQED",
"description": "Co-Host Forum",
"ogImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/200d13dd6cebef55bf04327dec901b3d?s=600&d=blank&r=g",
"twImgSrc": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/200d13dd6cebef55bf04327dec901b3d?s=600&d=blank&r=g"
},
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/author/amadrigal"
}
},
"breakingNewsReducer": {},
"pagesReducer": {
"root-site_forum-podcasts": {
"type": "pages",
"id": "root-site_19528",
"meta": {
"index": "pages_1716337520",
"site": "root-site",
"id": "19528",
"score": 0
},
"slug": "forum-podcasts",
"title": "Forum",
"headTitle": "Forum | KQED",
"pagePath": "forum-podcasts",
"pageMeta": {
"sticky": false,
"WpPageTemplate": "page-podcast",
"adSlotOverride": "kqed300x250_forum",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include"
},
"headData": {
"title": "Forum - Dive into Local, State, National and World Issues | KQED",
"description": "Join Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal as they host a live, call-in program that inform, challenge and unify listeners by diving into politics, science, entertainment and the arts.",
"ogTitle": "Listen to Forum",
"ogDescription": "KQED's live call-in radio program presents balanced discussions of local, state, national, and world issues as well as in-depth interviews with leading figures in politics, science, entertainment, and the arts.",
"ogImgId": "root-site_21112",
"twTitle": "Listen to Forum",
"twDescription": "KQED's live call-in radio program presents balanced discussions of local, state, national, and world issues as well as in-depth interviews with leading figures in politics, science, entertainment, and the arts.",
"twImgId": "root-site_21111",
"socialTitle": "Forum - Dive into Local, State, National and World Issues | KQED",
"socialDescription": "Join Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal as they host a live, call-in program that inform, challenge and unify listeners by diving into politics, science, entertainment and the arts.",
"canonicalUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/forum",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "PodcastSeries",
"name": "Forum",
"description": "Join Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal as they host a live, call-in program that inform, challenge and unify listeners by diving into politics, science, entertainment and the arts.",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org/forum",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile.gif ",
"inLanguage": "en-US",
"publisher": {
"@type": "NewsMediaOrganization",
"@id": "https://www.kqed.org/#organization",
"name": "KQED",
"logo": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"url": "https://www.kqed.org",
"sameAs": [
"https://www.facebook.com/KQED",
"https://twitter.com/KQED",
"https://www.instagram.com/kqed/",
"https://www.tiktok.com/@kqedofficial",
"https://www.linkedin.com/company/kqed",
"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeC0IOo7i1P_61zVUWbJ4nw"
]
}
},
"imageData": {
"ogImageSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1200x630-1-1020x536.png",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 536
},
"twImageSize": {
"file": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Thumbnail-Wordpress-1020x510.png",
"width": 1020,
"mimeType": "image/png",
"height": 510
},
"twitterCard": "summary_large_image"
}
},
"labelTerm": {
"site": ""
},
"publishDate": 1622053173,
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-section\">\u003c/div>\n\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-biographies\">\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/hero",
"attrs": {
"titleLayout": "svg",
"titleSVG": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Forum-Logotype@2x.png",
"backgroundImageAlt": "Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"backgroundImageUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/05/Forum_background.png",
"blurb": "\u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> tells remarkable and true stories about who we are and where we live. In the first hour, Alexis Madrigal convenes the diverse voices of the Bay Area, before turning to Mina Kim for the second hour to chronicle and center Californians’ experience. In an increasingly divided world, Mina and Alexis host conversations that inform, challenge and unify listeners with big ideas and different viewpoints.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>Want to call/submit your comments during our live Forum program Mon-Fri, 9am-11am? We’d love to hear from you! Please dial 866.SF.FORUM or (866) 733-6786, email \u003ca href=\"mailto:forum@kqed.org\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%40kqedforum\">tweet\u003c/a>, post on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/KQEDForum/\">Facebook\u003c/a>, or join KQED’s \u003ca href=\"http://discord.gg/kqed\">Discord community\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>We're excited to announce a new way for listeners to join the conversation! KQED is now on Discord, a social media platform focused on community (not clicks). Check out \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Mjcmsgogm52AIrc9rRw4c1ZiAS8w8vqFG7dGwH-7QQ4/edit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">our guide to joining Forum discussions on Discord\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://discord.gg/kqed\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-22607\" style=\"width: 150px\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2023/08/discord-logo-blue.png\" alt=\"Discord Logo\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003cbr>This online gathering space is a first-of-its-kind experiment for KQED and we’re excited to build it with you. \u003ca href=\"http://discord.gg/kqed\">\u003cem>KQED's\u003c/em> digital community\u003c/a> is a lively, fun space for civic engagement, conversation, and interaction between KQED listeners and the journalists behind our radio and podcast programs.\u003cbr>",
"blurbImageAlt": "Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"blurbImageUrl": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/06/forum-logo-900x900tile.gif ",
"previewID": "",
"hasSponsorLogo": false
},
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": [],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardsRecent",
"query": "posts/forum?&queryId=74dbff9356",
"title": "All Forum Episodes",
"useSSR": true,
"seeMore": true,
"sizeBase": 6,
"sizeSeeMore": 6
},
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": [],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardsRecent",
"query": "posts/forum?series=in-search-of-home&queryId=1239bb51696",
"title": "In Search Of Home",
"useSSR": true,
"seeMore": true,
"sizeBase": 12,
"sizeSeeMore": 12
},
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": [],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/post-list",
"attrs": {
"layout": "cardsRecent",
"query": "posts/forum?tag=forum-on-youtube&queryId=11c735ea8b5",
"title": "Forum on YouTube",
"useSSR": true,
"seeMore": true,
"sizeBase": 6,
"sizeSeeMore": 6
},
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": [],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/section",
"attrs": {
"heading": ""
},
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-section\">\u003c/div>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-section\">\u003c/div>\n"
],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies",
"attrs": {
"heading": "The Team",
"bioType": "white"
},
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-biographies\">\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003c/div>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-biographies\">",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\n\n",
null,
"\u003c/div>\n"
],
"innerBlocks": [
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/mkim-526x526-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Mina Kim",
"position": "Co-Host, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"/author/minakim\">Mina Kim\u003c/a> is host of the statewide hour of KQED \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>; a live, daily, call-in talk show. Through intimate and informative conversations, Mina connects the state’s many residents, and illuminates the issues affecting California and the nation. Before joining \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>, Mina was KQED’s evening news anchor, and health reporter for \u003cem>The California Report\u003c/em>. Her award-winning work has included natural disasters in Napa and gun violence in Oakland. At the University of Michigan she studied the intersection of gender, race and class. She was a first grade teacher through Teach For America, and ran a mentorship program for students aspiring to be the first in their families to go to college. She grew up in St. John’s, Newfoundland.",
"link": "/author/mkim"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/amadrigal-556x556-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Alexis Madrigal",
"position": "Co-Host, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"/author/amadrigal\">Alexis Madrigal\u003c/a> is the co-host of \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>. He is also a contributing writer at \u003cem>The Atlantic \u003c/em>and the co-founder of the COVID Tracking Project. He's the creator of the podcast, \u003cem>Containers\u003c/em>, and has been a staff writer at \u003cem>Wired. \u003c/em>He was a visiting scholar at UC Berkeley's Information School, and is working on a book about Oakland and the Bay Area's revolutionary ideas.",
"link": "/author/amadrigal"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/dbringer-765x765-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Danny Bringer",
"position": "Engineer, Forum",
"bio": "Danny Bringer has worked in Radio since 1987 and has been with KQED SINCE 1994. He has been the \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> Engineer since 2001. Danny grew up in the Bay Area and currently lives in San Ramon. He loves working with the \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> team and delivering the \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> sound to our listeners. When he isn't mixing sound he loves to run Ultra Marathons. ",
"link": ""
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/sbritton-1920x1920-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Susan Britton",
"position": "Lead Producer, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"/author/sbritton\">Susan Britton\u003c/a> \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>is the lead producer of \u003cem>Forum \u003c/em>with Mina Kim. She's been with \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> since 2012, beginning as an on-call producer, and she was a longtime contributor to KALW. She's a graduate of Columbia Law School and Yale College.",
"link": "/author/sbritton"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/jcampbell-1920x1920-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Judy Campbell",
"position": "Senior Editor, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"/author/jcampbell\">Judy Campbell\u003c/a> is the senior editor of \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> with host Alexis Madrigal. She hosted and produced the KQED podcast \u003cem>The Leap\u003c/em>, about people making dramatic, risky changes. Previously, Judy was a KQED reporter, focusing on criminal justice and prison issues.",
"link": "/author/jcampbell"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2026/02/260129-FrancescaFenzi-OffWhite-BL_qed-e1771263632769.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Francesca Fenzi",
"position": "Producer, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ffenzi\">Francesca Fenzi\u003c/a> is a journalist and audio producer focused on making news media as transparent, participatory, and community-driven as possible. Since joining KQED's \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> team in 2022, she's produced both local and statewide hours of the live public affairs show, and has reported other radio, podcast, and digital content for KQED News. She previously managed \u003ca href=\"https://discord.gg/kqed\">KQED's digital community on Discord\u003c/a> – connecting listeners with journalists, subject matter experts, and each other online.",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/author/ffenzi"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/10/MarlenaJackson-Retondo_headshot.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Marlena Jackson-Retondo",
"position": "Engagement Producer, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mjacksonretondo\">Marlena Jackson-Retondo\u003c/a> is the engagement producer for KQED's Forum and Mindshift. Prior to joining the team in 2022, Marlena was an intern with KQED's Digital News Engagement team. She grew up in the Bay Area.",
"link": "https://www.kqed.org/author/mjacksonretondo"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/10/JenniferNg_headhsot.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Jennifer Ng",
"position": "On-call Producer, Forum",
"bio": "Jennifer Ng joined Forum in 2021 as an intern and became an on-call producer in 2022. She returned to San Francisco after finishing her bachelor's degree in environmental science at the University of Portland.",
"link": ""
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Mark-Nieto-500x500-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Mark Nieto",
"position": "Producer, Forum",
"bio": "Mark Nieto is a producer for \u003cem>Forum \u003c/em>with Mina Kim\u003cem>.\u003c/em> He joined KQED in 2023. A native of California, Mark received his M.A. in research architecture from Goldsmiths University of London in 2021 and his B.A. in film from Loyola Marymount University. Before coming to KQED, Mark worked on the podcasts \u003cem>The Times \u003c/em>and \u003cem>Plot of Land \u003c/em>and was previously an on-air host at KXLU\u003cem>.\u003c/em>",
"link": ""
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/csmith-1102x1102-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Caroline Smith",
"position": "Producer, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"/author/csmith\">Caroline Smith\u003c/a> is a producer for \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>. Smith joined the team in 2019 as an intern and became an on-call producer later that year. From the Bay Area, Smith graduated with a B.A. in Rhetoric from UC Berkeley and is an alumnus of \u003cem>The Daily Californian\u003c/em>.",
"link": "/author/csmith"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/btorres-1920x1920-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Blanca Torres",
"position": "Producer, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"/author/btorres\">Blanca Torres\u003c/a> \u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>joined KQED in January of 2020 after 16 years of working as a newspaper reporter mostly covering business. She is also a member and former board member for the National Association of Hispanic Journalists. A native of the Pacific Northwest, Blanca earned her bachelor's degree from Vanderbilt University in Nashville and a master's in fine arts in creative writing at Mills College. She lives in the East Bay with her family.",
"link": "/author/btorres"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/biographies-item",
"attrs": {
"mediaURL": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2021/06/gwon-600x600-1.jpg",
"mediaAlt": "\"\"",
"name": "Grace Won",
"position": "Producer, Forum",
"bio": "\u003ca href=\"/author/gwon\">Grace Won\u003c/a> has been a \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> producer since 2019. Prior to joining KQED, Grace was a litigator, and worked on a variety of pro bono prisoner cases, including one that resulted in overturning a client's death penalty sentence on constitutional grounds. She holds a law degree from Georgetown University Law Center, an M.A. in English from University College London and a B.A. in American history and East Asian studies from Harvard University.",
"link": "/author/gwon"
},
"innerBlocks": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": []
}
]
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/programs",
"attrs": {
"title": "We Also Recommend",
"programIDs": [
"baycurious",
"rightnowish",
"politicalbreakdown",
"soldout",
"onourwatch",
"thebay"
]
},
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": [],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "kqed/ad",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "",
"innerContent": [],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n"
],
"innerBlocks": []
}
],
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1774645702,
"format": "standard",
"path": "/forum",
"redirect": {
"type": "internal",
"url": "/forum"
},
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-section\">\u003c/div>\n\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-kqed-biographies\">\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"featImg": "root-site_21150",
"label": "root-site",
"isLoading": false
}
},
"postsReducer": {
"stream_live": {
"type": "live",
"id": "stream_live",
"audioUrl": "https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio",
"title": "Live Stream",
"excerpt": "Live Stream information currently unavailable.",
"link": "/radio",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "KQED Live",
"link": "/"
}
},
"stream_kqedNewscast": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "stream_kqedNewscast",
"audioUrl": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1",
"title": "KQED Newscast",
"featImg": "",
"label": {
"name": "88.5 FM",
"link": "/"
}
},
"forum_2010101913708": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101913708",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101913708",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1777568400000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "scammers-pretended-to-be-forums-mina-kim-heres-why",
"title": "Scammers Pretended To Be Forum's Mina Kim. Here's Why",
"publishDate": 1777496628,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Scammers Pretended To Be Forum’s Mina Kim. Here’s Why | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Thursday, April 30 at 10 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the last month, about a dozen authors wrote to Forum saying they’d been messaged by a fraudster claiming to be Mina Kim. In exchange for a “small fee,” they’d be invited to talk about their book on the show. This is a new kind of impersonation scam targeting the wider publishing industry, and like online dating schemes, they’re using flattery and promises of publicity to con the authors into sending money. We’ll look at why authors are being targeted, just how deep this publishing scam goes, and how AI is superpowering online scams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&:has([data-writing-block])>*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-(--header-height)\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"406a2604-7440-48d3-84cf-65ea1adf1b4f\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-3\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"user\">\u003c/section>\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&:has([data-writing-block])>*]:pointer-events-auto [content-visibility:auto] supports-[content-visibility:auto]:[contain-intrinsic-size:auto_100lvh] R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:748e4aa6-c9fe-4741-b968-97ee5ba912fc-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-4\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"267b3d97-1c65-4116-8c47-8ca73cd32687\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full wrap-break-word light markdown-new-styling\">\n\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"436\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"13\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"25\" data-end=\"32\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Mina Kim. It was in early April when I first learned someone was impersonating me. I started getting emails from authors or their publishers asking if I was, in fact, inviting them to come on \u003cem data-start=\"230\" data-end=\"237\">Forum\u003c/em> to talk about their book—for the modest fee of $200. I was stunned. Obviously, I wasn’t. \u003cem data-start=\"327\" data-end=\"334\">Forum\u003c/em> never charges anyone to be on our show, and our producers engage directly with authors or publishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"438\" data-end=\"1066\">But I was shocked to learn someone was pretending to be me and sending emails using a Gmail address that could sound pretty convincing—accurately describing the themes of the author’s work and why it would be such a great fit for a discussion on \u003cem data-start=\"684\" data-end=\"691\">Forum\u003c/em>, even proposing topics we’d explore during the interview. The request for payment wouldn’t come in the first email, but later, in the second or third, after the writer had responded—usually with gratitude for the interest. “Just a small logistical contribution to support production and program preparation,” my impersonator would say, and eventually provide a payment link.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1068\" data-end=\"1486\">No one that I know of paid the scammer. But through this experience, I did learn that authors and publishers are being inundated with scams like these. Just a couple of months ago, senior writer for \u003cem data-start=\"1267\" data-end=\"1287\">The New York Times\u003c/em>, Dan Barry, wrote about being targeted by one. And last month, Julian Sancton wrote a piece for \u003cem data-start=\"1384\" data-end=\"1408\">The Hollywood Reporter\u003c/em> titled, “A New AI Scam Is Targeting Thousands of Authors. I Was One of Them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1488\" data-end=\"1575\">Julian Sancton joins me now, author of \u003cem data-start=\"1527\" data-end=\"1546\">Neptune’s Fortune\u003c/em>. Julian, welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"1567\" data-end=\"1574\">Forum\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1577\" data-end=\"1618\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1577\" data-end=\"1596\">Julian Sancton:\u003c/strong> Thanks for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1620\" data-end=\"1841\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1620\" data-end=\"1633\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> And Dan Barry is also with us. His books include the memoir \u003cem data-start=\"1694\" data-end=\"1706\">Pull Me Up\u003c/em>, and his piece, “Exposing the Scam: Hungry for Affirmation, Vulnerable to Scams—As a Writer, I Know the Feeling.” Welcome to you, Dan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1843\" data-end=\"1879\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1843\" data-end=\"1857\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> Thanks for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1881\" data-end=\"2067\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1881\" data-end=\"1894\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So, Dan, tell me what a typical scam email you received sounded like. Because in your case, it was not from someone impersonating a radio host and inviting you onto a show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2069\" data-end=\"2578\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2069\" data-end=\"2083\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> No, it wasn’t. I’ve written a few books—most of them wound up right in the remainder bin. And so I began to notice I was getting complimentary letters from all sorts of book groups and communities and literary marketers and agents and what have you, talking about books I had written, you know, 20 years ago or 10 years ago. It kind of tripped something for me. So it roused my interest, and I told an editor at \u003cem data-start=\"2496\" data-end=\"2528\">The New York Times Book Review\u003c/em> about it, and we decided to dig in a little more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2580\" data-end=\"2675\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2580\" data-end=\"2593\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So what were they offering to do for your books from, in some cases, decades ago?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2677\" data-end=\"2931\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2677\" data-end=\"2691\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> They were suggesting they would help spread the word—that they would resurrect my books and get them on bestseller lists and into the hands of interested and erudite readers, and basically promote sales that would lead to fame and success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2933\" data-end=\"3063\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2933\" data-end=\"2946\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> And you were quickly suspicious because, as you say, you weren’t just getting one of these—you were getting several?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3065\" data-end=\"3339\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3065\" data-end=\"3079\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> That’s right. I’m also suspicious by nature. Initially, I think all of us would be pleased to see a note saying, “Hey, I loved your book that you wrote in 2004.” So you’re already halfway there. But the more I looked into it, I realized these were fraudulent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3341\" data-end=\"3691\">When I began to receive them for this book or that book or the other book, they all began to sound the same in some way—though they were very specific in many ways as well. What’s happening is these emails are using language lifted and refined from blurbs and book jackets and reviews, so it sounds as if the correspondent has actually read the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3693\" data-end=\"3866\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3693\" data-end=\"3706\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Right. So, Julian, talk about when you started getting these kinds of emails, because it was right when you were getting ready to release your new book, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3868\" data-end=\"4124\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3868\" data-end=\"3887\">Julian Sancton:\u003c/strong> That’s right. I’ve written fewer books than Dan, but the last one I wrote was five years ago, when there was nothing like this at all. So this was my introduction to it—in the run-up to the publication of \u003cem data-start=\"4093\" data-end=\"4112\">Neptune’s Fortune\u003c/em> in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4126\" data-end=\"4514\">I started receiving, at first, one every couple of days—emails just as Dan describes, with over-the-top flattery and sycophancy—promising to help me navigate the new economy of book promotion through things like BookTok, which is TikTok for the book world, or Bookstagram, which is the same idea on Instagram. They offered to help me book events or make the most of my promotional window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4516\" data-end=\"4864\">There was something about it that struck my ear. At \u003cem data-start=\"4568\" data-end=\"4592\">The Hollywood Reporter\u003c/em>, one of the things I focus on is artificial intelligence—we have our AI issue coming out in the next couple of days—and I recognized the tone. That sort of slightly off, overly effusive language that AI can produce, not to mention the sycophancy it’s become very good at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4866\" data-end=\"5319\">So it became pretty obvious to me that the reason scammers are able to write these extremely detailed pitch letters—and sustain long correspondences with authors who reply—is because they’re using generative AI tools that simply weren’t around five years ago. Like Dan, I decided to pursue it. Even though it was clear to me, to my great chagrin, that this flattery was insincere and they’d probably never cracked open the book, I decided to play along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5321\" data-end=\"5492\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5321\" data-end=\"5334\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Before you decided to play along, can you give our listeners some insight into how vulnerable an author can feel at that moment—just before releasing a book?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5494\" data-end=\"5818\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5494\" data-end=\"5513\">Julian Sancton:\u003c/strong> It’s the most vulnerable time in an author’s career. Everything is either possibility or incipient disaster. You’re constantly refreshing your inbox to see who’s going to review your book, whether the reviews will be good—or whether there won’t be any at all, which can feel even worse than a bad review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5820\" data-end=\"6008\">And whatever slim opportunities you have to promote the book—magazine articles, radio interviews—you’re chasing those. Authors are already an anxious bunch, but even more so at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6010\" data-end=\"6268\">So when you see your book’s title appear in your inbox, it immediately catches your attention. These emails pass through Gmail’s spam filters because they seem human and highly targeted. For many authors, they’re much more convincing than more obvious scams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6270\" data-end=\"6406\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6270\" data-end=\"6283\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> And Dan, do you think this is why authors are targeted? Even the title of your piece says “hungry for affirmation,” right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6408\" data-end=\"6620\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6408\" data-end=\"6422\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> Right. At the root of it, this is another version of the lonely-heart scam. There’s a recognition that you’re vulnerable—that you yearn for validation. Scam artists have always capitalized on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6622\" data-end=\"7026\">Authors, as Julian has been describing, are seeking approval. They want book sales, sure—maybe fame, maybe a movie deal—but mostly they want evidence that what they’ve done matters. These scammers are very good at preying on that. It’s almost like a wink: “You and I both know your book should be doing better,” or “You’re a literary genius who hasn’t been fully recognized.” And then they offer to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7028\" data-end=\"7124\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7028\" data-end=\"7041\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So, Dan, neither you nor Julian took the bait, but you did hear of people who did?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7126\" data-end=\"7292\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7126\" data-end=\"7140\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> Oh, yes. I think most people aren’t taking the bait, but these emails are going out by the millions. It only takes a few victims to make it worthwhile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7294\" data-end=\"7640\">Someone associated with the National Book Foundation told me she had been approached by someone pretending to represent the organization, offering proofreading services. She paid what was apparently a substantial fee. But the National Book Foundation does many things—it does not provide proofreading services. So yes, she was taken advantage of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7642\" data-end=\"7819\">Since I wrote the article, I’ve received many letters from people who said they tested the waters—sent a few hundred dollars here and there—before realizing they’d been scammed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7821\" data-end=\"8111\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7821\" data-end=\"7834\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> We’re talking with Dan Barry, senior writer at \u003cem data-start=\"7882\" data-end=\"7902\">The New York Times\u003c/em>, and Julian Sancton, senior features editor at \u003cem data-start=\"7950\" data-end=\"7974\">The Hollywood Reporter\u003c/em>. Both are authors who recently wrote about being targeted by publishing scams involving impersonation and fraudulent promotion services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8113\" data-end=\"8338\">Listeners, I want to invite you into the conversation. Has anyone ever tried to scam you using impersonation? How did it affect you? Has someone you know fallen for one of these scams? And what do you do to avoid being duped?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8340\" data-end=\"8498\">You can email us at \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8360\" data-end=\"8374\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, find us on Discord, BlueSky, Facebook, or Instagram at KQED Forum, or call us at 866-733-6786. Again, that’s 866-733-6786.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8500\" data-end=\"8966\">And Barbara writes, “OMG, yes. I’m an author, and I get literally dozens of these every week.” Another listener writes, “Like most of the authors I know, I am inundated with these scams. The first email I got was so flattering, and the sender seemed very familiar with my book—but then I realized what was going on. It is just infuriating that AI companies stole our books to program their monster, and now AI is wasting our time spamming and scamming us every day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8968\" data-end=\"9086\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">We’ll have more with you, listeners, and with our guests after the break. Stay with us. This is \u003cem data-start=\"9064\" data-end=\"9071\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Mina Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/section>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "We’ll look at why authors are being targeted, just how deep this publishing scam goes, and how AI is superpowering online scams.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1777579426,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 4,
"wordCount": 1837
},
"headData": {
"title": "Scammers Pretended To Be Forum's Mina Kim. Here's Why | KQED",
"description": "We’ll look at why authors are being targeted, just how deep this publishing scam goes, and how AI is superpowering online scams.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Scammers Pretended To Be Forum's Mina Kim. Here's Why",
"datePublished": "2026-04-29T14:03:48-07:00",
"dateModified": "2026-04-30T13:03:46-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC9416170267.mp3?updated=1777579064",
"airdate": 1777568400,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Lauren Goode",
"bio": "senior correspondent covering Silicon Valley, Wired"
},
{
"name": "Dan Barry",
"bio": "senior writer, The New York Times"
},
{
"name": "Julian Sancton",
"bio": "senior features editor, The Hollywood Reporter"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101913708/scammers-pretended-to-be-forums-mina-kim-heres-why",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Thursday, April 30 at 10 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the last month, about a dozen authors wrote to Forum saying they’d been messaged by a fraudster claiming to be Mina Kim. In exchange for a “small fee,” they’d be invited to talk about their book on the show. This is a new kind of impersonation scam targeting the wider publishing industry, and like online dating schemes, they’re using flattery and promises of publicity to con the authors into sending money. We’ll look at why authors are being targeted, just how deep this publishing scam goes, and how AI is superpowering online scams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&:has([data-writing-block])>*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-(--header-height)\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"406a2604-7440-48d3-84cf-65ea1adf1b4f\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-3\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"user\">\u003c/section>\n\u003csection class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none [--shadow-height:45px] has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none has-data-writing-block:-mt-(--shadow-height) has-data-writing-block:pt-(--shadow-height) [&:has([data-writing-block])>*]:pointer-events-auto [content-visibility:auto] supports-[content-visibility:auto]:[contain-intrinsic-size:auto_100lvh] R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:748e4aa6-c9fe-4741-b968-97ee5ba912fc-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-4\" data-scroll-anchor=\"false\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"267b3d97-1c65-4116-8c47-8ca73cd32687\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full wrap-break-word light markdown-new-styling\">\n\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"436\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"13\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"25\" data-end=\"32\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Mina Kim. It was in early April when I first learned someone was impersonating me. I started getting emails from authors or their publishers asking if I was, in fact, inviting them to come on \u003cem data-start=\"230\" data-end=\"237\">Forum\u003c/em> to talk about their book—for the modest fee of $200. I was stunned. Obviously, I wasn’t. \u003cem data-start=\"327\" data-end=\"334\">Forum\u003c/em> never charges anyone to be on our show, and our producers engage directly with authors or publishers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"438\" data-end=\"1066\">But I was shocked to learn someone was pretending to be me and sending emails using a Gmail address that could sound pretty convincing—accurately describing the themes of the author’s work and why it would be such a great fit for a discussion on \u003cem data-start=\"684\" data-end=\"691\">Forum\u003c/em>, even proposing topics we’d explore during the interview. The request for payment wouldn’t come in the first email, but later, in the second or third, after the writer had responded—usually with gratitude for the interest. “Just a small logistical contribution to support production and program preparation,” my impersonator would say, and eventually provide a payment link.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1068\" data-end=\"1486\">No one that I know of paid the scammer. But through this experience, I did learn that authors and publishers are being inundated with scams like these. Just a couple of months ago, senior writer for \u003cem data-start=\"1267\" data-end=\"1287\">The New York Times\u003c/em>, Dan Barry, wrote about being targeted by one. And last month, Julian Sancton wrote a piece for \u003cem data-start=\"1384\" data-end=\"1408\">The Hollywood Reporter\u003c/em> titled, “A New AI Scam Is Targeting Thousands of Authors. I Was One of Them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1488\" data-end=\"1575\">Julian Sancton joins me now, author of \u003cem data-start=\"1527\" data-end=\"1546\">Neptune’s Fortune\u003c/em>. Julian, welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"1567\" data-end=\"1574\">Forum\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1577\" data-end=\"1618\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1577\" data-end=\"1596\">Julian Sancton:\u003c/strong> Thanks for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1620\" data-end=\"1841\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1620\" data-end=\"1633\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> And Dan Barry is also with us. His books include the memoir \u003cem data-start=\"1694\" data-end=\"1706\">Pull Me Up\u003c/em>, and his piece, “Exposing the Scam: Hungry for Affirmation, Vulnerable to Scams—As a Writer, I Know the Feeling.” Welcome to you, Dan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1843\" data-end=\"1879\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1843\" data-end=\"1857\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> Thanks for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1881\" data-end=\"2067\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1881\" data-end=\"1894\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So, Dan, tell me what a typical scam email you received sounded like. Because in your case, it was not from someone impersonating a radio host and inviting you onto a show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2069\" data-end=\"2578\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2069\" data-end=\"2083\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> No, it wasn’t. I’ve written a few books—most of them wound up right in the remainder bin. And so I began to notice I was getting complimentary letters from all sorts of book groups and communities and literary marketers and agents and what have you, talking about books I had written, you know, 20 years ago or 10 years ago. It kind of tripped something for me. So it roused my interest, and I told an editor at \u003cem data-start=\"2496\" data-end=\"2528\">The New York Times Book Review\u003c/em> about it, and we decided to dig in a little more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2580\" data-end=\"2675\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2580\" data-end=\"2593\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So what were they offering to do for your books from, in some cases, decades ago?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2677\" data-end=\"2931\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2677\" data-end=\"2691\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> They were suggesting they would help spread the word—that they would resurrect my books and get them on bestseller lists and into the hands of interested and erudite readers, and basically promote sales that would lead to fame and success.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2933\" data-end=\"3063\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2933\" data-end=\"2946\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> And you were quickly suspicious because, as you say, you weren’t just getting one of these—you were getting several?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3065\" data-end=\"3339\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3065\" data-end=\"3079\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> That’s right. I’m also suspicious by nature. Initially, I think all of us would be pleased to see a note saying, “Hey, I loved your book that you wrote in 2004.” So you’re already halfway there. But the more I looked into it, I realized these were fraudulent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3341\" data-end=\"3691\">When I began to receive them for this book or that book or the other book, they all began to sound the same in some way—though they were very specific in many ways as well. What’s happening is these emails are using language lifted and refined from blurbs and book jackets and reviews, so it sounds as if the correspondent has actually read the book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3693\" data-end=\"3866\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3693\" data-end=\"3706\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Right. So, Julian, talk about when you started getting these kinds of emails, because it was right when you were getting ready to release your new book, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3868\" data-end=\"4124\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3868\" data-end=\"3887\">Julian Sancton:\u003c/strong> That’s right. I’ve written fewer books than Dan, but the last one I wrote was five years ago, when there was nothing like this at all. So this was my introduction to it—in the run-up to the publication of \u003cem data-start=\"4093\" data-end=\"4112\">Neptune’s Fortune\u003c/em> in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4126\" data-end=\"4514\">I started receiving, at first, one every couple of days—emails just as Dan describes, with over-the-top flattery and sycophancy—promising to help me navigate the new economy of book promotion through things like BookTok, which is TikTok for the book world, or Bookstagram, which is the same idea on Instagram. They offered to help me book events or make the most of my promotional window.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4516\" data-end=\"4864\">There was something about it that struck my ear. At \u003cem data-start=\"4568\" data-end=\"4592\">The Hollywood Reporter\u003c/em>, one of the things I focus on is artificial intelligence—we have our AI issue coming out in the next couple of days—and I recognized the tone. That sort of slightly off, overly effusive language that AI can produce, not to mention the sycophancy it’s become very good at.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4866\" data-end=\"5319\">So it became pretty obvious to me that the reason scammers are able to write these extremely detailed pitch letters—and sustain long correspondences with authors who reply—is because they’re using generative AI tools that simply weren’t around five years ago. Like Dan, I decided to pursue it. Even though it was clear to me, to my great chagrin, that this flattery was insincere and they’d probably never cracked open the book, I decided to play along.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5321\" data-end=\"5492\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5321\" data-end=\"5334\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Before you decided to play along, can you give our listeners some insight into how vulnerable an author can feel at that moment—just before releasing a book?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5494\" data-end=\"5818\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5494\" data-end=\"5513\">Julian Sancton:\u003c/strong> It’s the most vulnerable time in an author’s career. Everything is either possibility or incipient disaster. You’re constantly refreshing your inbox to see who’s going to review your book, whether the reviews will be good—or whether there won’t be any at all, which can feel even worse than a bad review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5820\" data-end=\"6008\">And whatever slim opportunities you have to promote the book—magazine articles, radio interviews—you’re chasing those. Authors are already an anxious bunch, but even more so at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6010\" data-end=\"6268\">So when you see your book’s title appear in your inbox, it immediately catches your attention. These emails pass through Gmail’s spam filters because they seem human and highly targeted. For many authors, they’re much more convincing than more obvious scams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6270\" data-end=\"6406\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6270\" data-end=\"6283\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> And Dan, do you think this is why authors are targeted? Even the title of your piece says “hungry for affirmation,” right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6408\" data-end=\"6620\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6408\" data-end=\"6422\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> Right. At the root of it, this is another version of the lonely-heart scam. There’s a recognition that you’re vulnerable—that you yearn for validation. Scam artists have always capitalized on that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6622\" data-end=\"7026\">Authors, as Julian has been describing, are seeking approval. They want book sales, sure—maybe fame, maybe a movie deal—but mostly they want evidence that what they’ve done matters. These scammers are very good at preying on that. It’s almost like a wink: “You and I both know your book should be doing better,” or “You’re a literary genius who hasn’t been fully recognized.” And then they offer to help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7028\" data-end=\"7124\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7028\" data-end=\"7041\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So, Dan, neither you nor Julian took the bait, but you did hear of people who did?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7126\" data-end=\"7292\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7126\" data-end=\"7140\">Dan Barry:\u003c/strong> Oh, yes. I think most people aren’t taking the bait, but these emails are going out by the millions. It only takes a few victims to make it worthwhile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7294\" data-end=\"7640\">Someone associated with the National Book Foundation told me she had been approached by someone pretending to represent the organization, offering proofreading services. She paid what was apparently a substantial fee. But the National Book Foundation does many things—it does not provide proofreading services. So yes, she was taken advantage of.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7642\" data-end=\"7819\">Since I wrote the article, I’ve received many letters from people who said they tested the waters—sent a few hundred dollars here and there—before realizing they’d been scammed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7821\" data-end=\"8111\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7821\" data-end=\"7834\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> We’re talking with Dan Barry, senior writer at \u003cem data-start=\"7882\" data-end=\"7902\">The New York Times\u003c/em>, and Julian Sancton, senior features editor at \u003cem data-start=\"7950\" data-end=\"7974\">The Hollywood Reporter\u003c/em>. Both are authors who recently wrote about being targeted by publishing scams involving impersonation and fraudulent promotion services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8113\" data-end=\"8338\">Listeners, I want to invite you into the conversation. Has anyone ever tried to scam you using impersonation? How did it affect you? Has someone you know fallen for one of these scams? And what do you do to avoid being duped?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8340\" data-end=\"8498\">You can email us at \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"8360\" data-end=\"8374\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, find us on Discord, BlueSky, Facebook, or Instagram at KQED Forum, or call us at 866-733-6786. Again, that’s 866-733-6786.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8500\" data-end=\"8966\">And Barbara writes, “OMG, yes. I’m an author, and I get literally dozens of these every week.” Another listener writes, “Like most of the authors I know, I am inundated with these scams. The first email I got was so flattering, and the sender seemed very familiar with my book—but then I realized what was going on. It is just infuriating that AI companies stole our books to program their monster, and now AI is wasting our time spamming and scamming us every day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8968\" data-end=\"9086\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">We’ll have more with you, listeners, and with our guests after the break. Stay with us. This is \u003cem data-start=\"9064\" data-end=\"9071\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Mina Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/section>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101913708/scammers-pretended-to-be-forums-mina-kim-heres-why",
"authors": [
"243"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101913709",
"label": "forum"
},
"forum_2010101913711": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101913711",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101913711",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1777564800000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "trumps-war-in-iran-nears-critical-deadline",
"title": "Trump’s War in Iran Nears Critical Deadline",
"publishDate": 1777502733,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Trump’s War in Iran Nears Critical Deadline | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Thursday, April 30 at 9 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When President Trump sent troops into Iran, he did so without a green light from Congress. Now he faces a deadline on May 1 to either end the war in Iran or secure official approval from Congress. That timeline is laid out under the War Powers Resolution, a law that allows presidents to start wars without congressional approval. Democrats in Congress have tried and failed to pass multiple resolutions to halt the war. Meanwhile, the war is losing support from Republican lawmakers, who have not proposed a vote to approve it. We’ll talk about the war in Iran, lawmakers’ efforts to stop it so far, and whether the Trump administration is feeling any pressure from the 60-day deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"508\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"20\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"32\" data-end=\"39\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Alexis Madrigal. The war in Iran is nearly two months old, and by a plain reading of the law of the land—the War Powers Resolution, specifically—the president should have to secure official approval from Congress for this conflict by tomorrow, May 1. But will that happen? You may have noticed that presidents have found ways to skirt this law since it was passed during the Nixon administration. Does it still matter? And what wrangling is happening in Congress?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"510\" data-end=\"769\">Joining us to discuss this morning, we’ve got an all-star cast. We’re beginning with Harold Hongju Koh, Sterling Professor of International Law at Yale Law School and author of \u003cem data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"751\">The National Security Constitution in the Twenty-First Century\u003c/em>. Welcome, Harold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"771\" data-end=\"804\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"771\" data-end=\"793\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"986\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"826\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So tell us about the War Powers Resolution—what was it intended to do, and has it actually been the check on presidential power that perhaps Congress intended?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"988\" data-end=\"1283\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"988\" data-end=\"1010\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> The War Powers Resolution was adopted in 1973, and you can think of it as a “no more Vietnams” statute. It was designed to prevent what happened during the Vietnam War, which is a slow, creeping war that ends up taking a huge amount of resources, human capacity, and time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1591\">The way it was designed to work is that there’s an automatic trigger when armed forces of the United States—that’s the term used—are introduced into the land, sea, or airspace of another country. When that event occurs, 60 days later, the president either removes the troops or gets approval from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1593\" data-end=\"2048\">Now, there’s a catch that may affect this now, which is that the president can extend for another 30 days by certifying to Congress in writing that an unavoidable military necessity requires it regarding the safety of our troops. My guess is we may see that today or tomorrow from the Trump administration. But even so, the net result is that under the law, after the deadline has passed, there’s no more claim that the operation is lawful under U.S. law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2050\" data-end=\"2187\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2050\" data-end=\"2070\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Has the Trump administration given any sign that it actually sees this law as applying to the circumstances in Iran?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2189\" data-end=\"2439\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2189\" data-end=\"2211\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> Well, it has notified Congress of the introduction of armed forces into the land, sea, or airspace of Iran. You could argue that that act, which took place on March 2, is a trigger independently of the fact of the introduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2441\" data-end=\"2954\">But you asked whether this has affected things. You’ll notice that if armed forces are required, then people who are, say, CIA agents—who are not armed forces—are not covered. If the timetable is 60 days, then a short operation that lasts, say, 12 hours—like removing Nicolás Maduro—is not covered. And since it involves human intervention, if you send in drones or cyber commands, that’s also not covered. So arguably, what the War Powers Resolution has done is drive U.S. military action into unregulated zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2956\" data-end=\"3061\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2956\" data-end=\"2976\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Let’s actually play a cut. We have Pete Hegseth in Congress yesterday. Let’s listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3063\" data-end=\"3228\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3063\" data-end=\"3087\">Pete Hegseth (clip):\u003c/strong> \u003cem>The biggest adversary we face at this point are the reckless, feckless, and defeatist words of congressional Democrats and some Republicans.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3457\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3250\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> That was Pete Hegseth. Let’s bring in a U.S. congressman representing the 10th District of California—that’s in the East Bay, down near Fremont and a piece of San Jose. Mark DeSaulnier, welcome to the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3459\" data-end=\"3490\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3459\" data-end=\"3479\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3492\" data-end=\"3581\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3492\" data-end=\"3512\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So, Congressman, you hear that from Pete Hegseth. What do you think?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3583\" data-end=\"3748\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3583\" data-end=\"3603\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> First off, let me just briefly correct you—my district is north of the area you just described, mostly Contra Costa and a small part of Alameda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3750\" data-end=\"4019\">Well, the secretary is unaware of American democracy and dissent, and that’s true for this administration. That’s his opinion. I feel like public oversight and disagreement are important. We can see it in the poll numbers—the American public disagrees with him as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4021\" data-end=\"4170\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4021\" data-end=\"4041\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> What has been happening in Congress with your colleagues among Democrats—and maybe even some Republicans—to try to stop the war?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4172\" data-end=\"4446\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4172\" data-end=\"4192\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> We’ve been very active on our side. We’ve tried multiple times to bring up a new War Powers Act. We have a privileged resolution that the ranking Democrat on Foreign Affairs is prepared to introduce, which would force a vote and put members on the spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4448\" data-end=\"4631\">Unfortunately, the speaker has put up every roadblock to prevent us from slowing things down, because he takes orders, in my opinion, directly from the president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4633\" data-end=\"4769\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4633\" data-end=\"4653\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So why have congressional Democrats continued to propose resolutions even if it’s not possible to get them through?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4771\" data-end=\"4946\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4771\" data-end=\"4791\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> Because we have to put pressure on. All we need is three Republicans to agree with us and keep Democrats united—and we’ve largely been successful in that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4948\" data-end=\"5229\">We have to keep the pressure on. Otherwise, we’re not doing our job. People get frustrated, particularly in areas like the Bay Area, because it’s hard for us to believe how differently the rest of the country views this administration. But we have to keep pushing every way we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5231\" data-end=\"5494\">This is an immoral, unethical, illegal war, and it’s got huge consequences—which this administration, in its thoughtless manner, didn’t even stop to consider. Not to mention the people who have died because of these actions, including 15 American service members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5496\" data-end=\"5670\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5496\" data-end=\"5516\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So what happens if this War Powers deadline comes and goes and the administration doesn’t seek approval? Will congressional Democrats take other actions?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5672\" data-end=\"5906\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5672\" data-end=\"5692\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> Oh, we will work with our partners to go to court and try to stop them. We’ve been largely successful with his executive orders. Last time I checked, I think almost 90% have been found by the courts to be illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5908\" data-end=\"6108\">But that takes time. One of the things we’ve got to learn is that we weren’t prepared for a president as unethical as this one. Even after his first term, the second term has been exponentially worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6338\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6130\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Thank you so much. That was Mark DeSaulnier, U.S. congressman representing California’s 10th District—as he noted, a bit further north than I initially said, in Contra Costa County. Thank you for joining us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6340\" data-end=\"6395\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6340\" data-end=\"6360\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> My pleasure. Thanks for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6397\" data-end=\"6594\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6397\" data-end=\"6417\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Let’s add another voice to the discussion. Robert Jimison is a congressional reporter covering foreign policy, defense, and national security for \u003cem data-start=\"6564\" data-end=\"6584\">The New York Times\u003c/em>. Welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6596\" data-end=\"6632\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6596\" data-end=\"6615\">Robert Jimison:\u003c/strong> Glad to be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6634\" data-end=\"6721\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6634\" data-end=\"6654\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Robert, what’s happening with congressional Republicans right now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6723\" data-end=\"7018\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6723\" data-end=\"6742\">Robert Jimison:\u003c/strong> As you said earlier, we’re approaching that 60-day statutory deadline, so there are a lot of conversations behind the scenes about what happens next. Should there be an authorization introduced that would grant the president some—if not limited—authority to continue the war?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7020\" data-end=\"7170\">There are also a number of Republicans considering joining Democrats on a War Powers resolution if the administration isn’t more clear about its aims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7172\" data-end=\"7393\">One thing the War Powers Resolution does that we haven’t touched on yet is require periodic reporting. Once hostilities begin, the administration must stay in touch with Congress about the duration and conduct of the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7395\" data-end=\"7753\">We saw that early on with regular hearings and classified briefings from top officials, but that has largely tapered off—much to the frustration of many Republicans, who feel left in the dark. And if there’s one thing about members of Congress, they don’t like feeling excluded from what’s happening in Washington. That tension is really starting to surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7755\" data-end=\"7925\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7755\" data-end=\"7775\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> You heard Harold Koh earlier mention a possible 30-day extension. What are you hearing about Republicans trying to give the administration more time?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7927\" data-end=\"8158\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7927\" data-end=\"7946\">Robert Jimison:\u003c/strong> My understanding is that the 30-day extension is specifically for withdrawal. The president would have to certify that additional time is needed to safely remove U.S. forces—not to continue offensive operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8160\" data-end=\"8309\">So if the president reaches the deadline tomorrow and wants that extension, he has to notify Congress that it’s necessary to end the conflict safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8311\" data-end=\"8517\">But this moment is pivotal—and it coincides with a congressional recess. Both chambers are out at the end of the day tomorrow, which gives them a bit of breathing room before fully confronting the deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8519\" data-end=\"8745\">Still, it’s a real deadline. We saw Senator John Curtis of Utah say recently that he would not support continuing the campaign without the White House coming to Congress for approval and providing more clarity about its goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8747\" data-end=\"8902\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"8747\" data-end=\"8767\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Harold Hongju Koh, are there enforcement mechanisms? If this doesn’t happen—if there’s no extension—does the war just continue anyway?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8904\" data-end=\"9161\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"8904\" data-end=\"8926\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> There are two main mechanisms. One is funding—Congress controls the power of the purse. This war is costing about a billion dollars a day. At some point, the administration will need to request more funding, and Congress could refuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9163\" data-end=\"9382\">The second is the courts. In the past, courts have ruled on whether the conditions of statutes like this have been met. Early U.S. courts frequently ruled on whether a war legally existed, and this is an undeclared war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9384\" data-end=\"9659\">You’d need a plaintiff with standing—someone directly affected. During the first Gulf War, a soldier ordered to deploy was found to have standing. A federal judge even suggested that, in theory, an injunction could be issued against a war if the legal conditions weren’t met.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9661\" data-end=\"9720\">So I think you’re going to see some legal challenges filed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9722\" data-end=\"10070\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"9722\" data-end=\"9742\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> We are talking about the war in Iran, lawmakers’ efforts to stop it, and the legal wrangling involved. You’ve been hearing from Harold Hongju Koh, Sterling Professor of International Law at Yale Law School, and Robert Jimison, congressional reporter for \u003cem data-start=\"9997\" data-end=\"10017\">The New York Times\u003c/em>. Earlier, we heard from Congressman Mark DeSaulnier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"10072\" data-end=\"10198\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">If you’ve got questions, give us a call: 866-733-6786, or email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"10136\" data-end=\"10150\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>. We’ll be back with more right after the break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "We’ll talk about the war in Iran, lawmakers’ efforts to stop it so far, and whether the Trump administration is feeling any pressure from the 60-day deadline.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1777579242,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 4,
"wordCount": 1952
},
"headData": {
"title": "Trump’s War in Iran Nears Critical Deadline | KQED",
"description": "We’ll talk about the war in Iran, lawmakers’ efforts to stop it so far, and whether the Trump administration is feeling any pressure from the 60-day deadline.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Trump’s War in Iran Nears Critical Deadline",
"datePublished": "2026-04-29T15:45:33-07:00",
"dateModified": "2026-04-30T13:00:42-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC5436869062.mp3?updated=1777575265",
"airdate": 1777564800,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Harold Hongju Koh",
"bio": "professor of international law, Yale Law School; legal advisor to the U.S. Department of State from 2009-2013"
},
{
"name": "Mark DeSaulnier",
"bio": "U.S. Congressman representing California's 10th district (the East Bay)"
},
{
"name": "Robert Jimison",
"bio": "congressional reporter covering foreign policy, defense and national security issues, The New York Times"
},
{
"name": "Elisa Ewers",
"bio": "senior fellow, Council on Foreign Relations"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101913711/trumps-war-in-iran-nears-critical-deadline",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Thursday, April 30 at 9 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When President Trump sent troops into Iran, he did so without a green light from Congress. Now he faces a deadline on May 1 to either end the war in Iran or secure official approval from Congress. That timeline is laid out under the War Powers Resolution, a law that allows presidents to start wars without congressional approval. Democrats in Congress have tried and failed to pass multiple resolutions to halt the war. Meanwhile, the war is losing support from Republican lawmakers, who have not proposed a vote to approve it. We’ll talk about the war in Iran, lawmakers’ efforts to stop it so far, and whether the Trump administration is feeling any pressure from the 60-day deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"508\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"20\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"32\" data-end=\"39\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Alexis Madrigal. The war in Iran is nearly two months old, and by a plain reading of the law of the land—the War Powers Resolution, specifically—the president should have to secure official approval from Congress for this conflict by tomorrow, May 1. But will that happen? You may have noticed that presidents have found ways to skirt this law since it was passed during the Nixon administration. Does it still matter? And what wrangling is happening in Congress?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"510\" data-end=\"769\">Joining us to discuss this morning, we’ve got an all-star cast. We’re beginning with Harold Hongju Koh, Sterling Professor of International Law at Yale Law School and author of \u003cem data-start=\"687\" data-end=\"751\">The National Security Constitution in the Twenty-First Century\u003c/em>. Welcome, Harold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"771\" data-end=\"804\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"771\" data-end=\"793\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"986\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"806\" data-end=\"826\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So tell us about the War Powers Resolution—what was it intended to do, and has it actually been the check on presidential power that perhaps Congress intended?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"988\" data-end=\"1283\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"988\" data-end=\"1010\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> The War Powers Resolution was adopted in 1973, and you can think of it as a “no more Vietnams” statute. It was designed to prevent what happened during the Vietnam War, which is a slow, creeping war that ends up taking a huge amount of resources, human capacity, and time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1285\" data-end=\"1591\">The way it was designed to work is that there’s an automatic trigger when armed forces of the United States—that’s the term used—are introduced into the land, sea, or airspace of another country. When that event occurs, 60 days later, the president either removes the troops or gets approval from Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1593\" data-end=\"2048\">Now, there’s a catch that may affect this now, which is that the president can extend for another 30 days by certifying to Congress in writing that an unavoidable military necessity requires it regarding the safety of our troops. My guess is we may see that today or tomorrow from the Trump administration. But even so, the net result is that under the law, after the deadline has passed, there’s no more claim that the operation is lawful under U.S. law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2050\" data-end=\"2187\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2050\" data-end=\"2070\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Has the Trump administration given any sign that it actually sees this law as applying to the circumstances in Iran?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2189\" data-end=\"2439\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2189\" data-end=\"2211\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> Well, it has notified Congress of the introduction of armed forces into the land, sea, or airspace of Iran. You could argue that that act, which took place on March 2, is a trigger independently of the fact of the introduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2441\" data-end=\"2954\">But you asked whether this has affected things. You’ll notice that if armed forces are required, then people who are, say, CIA agents—who are not armed forces—are not covered. If the timetable is 60 days, then a short operation that lasts, say, 12 hours—like removing Nicolás Maduro—is not covered. And since it involves human intervention, if you send in drones or cyber commands, that’s also not covered. So arguably, what the War Powers Resolution has done is drive U.S. military action into unregulated zones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2956\" data-end=\"3061\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2956\" data-end=\"2976\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Let’s actually play a cut. We have Pete Hegseth in Congress yesterday. Let’s listen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3063\" data-end=\"3228\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3063\" data-end=\"3087\">Pete Hegseth (clip):\u003c/strong> \u003cem>The biggest adversary we face at this point are the reckless, feckless, and defeatist words of congressional Democrats and some Republicans.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3457\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3230\" data-end=\"3250\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> That was Pete Hegseth. Let’s bring in a U.S. congressman representing the 10th District of California—that’s in the East Bay, down near Fremont and a piece of San Jose. Mark DeSaulnier, welcome to the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3459\" data-end=\"3490\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3459\" data-end=\"3479\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3492\" data-end=\"3581\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3492\" data-end=\"3512\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So, Congressman, you hear that from Pete Hegseth. What do you think?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3583\" data-end=\"3748\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3583\" data-end=\"3603\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> First off, let me just briefly correct you—my district is north of the area you just described, mostly Contra Costa and a small part of Alameda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3750\" data-end=\"4019\">Well, the secretary is unaware of American democracy and dissent, and that’s true for this administration. That’s his opinion. I feel like public oversight and disagreement are important. We can see it in the poll numbers—the American public disagrees with him as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4021\" data-end=\"4170\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4021\" data-end=\"4041\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> What has been happening in Congress with your colleagues among Democrats—and maybe even some Republicans—to try to stop the war?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4172\" data-end=\"4446\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4172\" data-end=\"4192\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> We’ve been very active on our side. We’ve tried multiple times to bring up a new War Powers Act. We have a privileged resolution that the ranking Democrat on Foreign Affairs is prepared to introduce, which would force a vote and put members on the spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4448\" data-end=\"4631\">Unfortunately, the speaker has put up every roadblock to prevent us from slowing things down, because he takes orders, in my opinion, directly from the president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4633\" data-end=\"4769\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4633\" data-end=\"4653\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So why have congressional Democrats continued to propose resolutions even if it’s not possible to get them through?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4771\" data-end=\"4946\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4771\" data-end=\"4791\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> Because we have to put pressure on. All we need is three Republicans to agree with us and keep Democrats united—and we’ve largely been successful in that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4948\" data-end=\"5229\">We have to keep the pressure on. Otherwise, we’re not doing our job. People get frustrated, particularly in areas like the Bay Area, because it’s hard for us to believe how differently the rest of the country views this administration. But we have to keep pushing every way we can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5231\" data-end=\"5494\">This is an immoral, unethical, illegal war, and it’s got huge consequences—which this administration, in its thoughtless manner, didn’t even stop to consider. Not to mention the people who have died because of these actions, including 15 American service members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5496\" data-end=\"5670\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5496\" data-end=\"5516\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> So what happens if this War Powers deadline comes and goes and the administration doesn’t seek approval? Will congressional Democrats take other actions?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5672\" data-end=\"5906\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5672\" data-end=\"5692\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> Oh, we will work with our partners to go to court and try to stop them. We’ve been largely successful with his executive orders. Last time I checked, I think almost 90% have been found by the courts to be illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5908\" data-end=\"6108\">But that takes time. One of the things we’ve got to learn is that we weren’t prepared for a president as unethical as this one. Even after his first term, the second term has been exponentially worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6338\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6110\" data-end=\"6130\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Thank you so much. That was Mark DeSaulnier, U.S. congressman representing California’s 10th District—as he noted, a bit further north than I initially said, in Contra Costa County. Thank you for joining us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6340\" data-end=\"6395\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6340\" data-end=\"6360\">Mark DeSaulnier:\u003c/strong> My pleasure. Thanks for having me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6397\" data-end=\"6594\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6397\" data-end=\"6417\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Let’s add another voice to the discussion. Robert Jimison is a congressional reporter covering foreign policy, defense, and national security for \u003cem data-start=\"6564\" data-end=\"6584\">The New York Times\u003c/em>. Welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6596\" data-end=\"6632\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6596\" data-end=\"6615\">Robert Jimison:\u003c/strong> Glad to be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6634\" data-end=\"6721\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6634\" data-end=\"6654\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Robert, what’s happening with congressional Republicans right now?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6723\" data-end=\"7018\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6723\" data-end=\"6742\">Robert Jimison:\u003c/strong> As you said earlier, we’re approaching that 60-day statutory deadline, so there are a lot of conversations behind the scenes about what happens next. Should there be an authorization introduced that would grant the president some—if not limited—authority to continue the war?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7020\" data-end=\"7170\">There are also a number of Republicans considering joining Democrats on a War Powers resolution if the administration isn’t more clear about its aims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7172\" data-end=\"7393\">One thing the War Powers Resolution does that we haven’t touched on yet is require periodic reporting. Once hostilities begin, the administration must stay in touch with Congress about the duration and conduct of the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7395\" data-end=\"7753\">We saw that early on with regular hearings and classified briefings from top officials, but that has largely tapered off—much to the frustration of many Republicans, who feel left in the dark. And if there’s one thing about members of Congress, they don’t like feeling excluded from what’s happening in Washington. That tension is really starting to surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7755\" data-end=\"7925\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7755\" data-end=\"7775\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> You heard Harold Koh earlier mention a possible 30-day extension. What are you hearing about Republicans trying to give the administration more time?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7927\" data-end=\"8158\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7927\" data-end=\"7946\">Robert Jimison:\u003c/strong> My understanding is that the 30-day extension is specifically for withdrawal. The president would have to certify that additional time is needed to safely remove U.S. forces—not to continue offensive operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8160\" data-end=\"8309\">So if the president reaches the deadline tomorrow and wants that extension, he has to notify Congress that it’s necessary to end the conflict safely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8311\" data-end=\"8517\">But this moment is pivotal—and it coincides with a congressional recess. Both chambers are out at the end of the day tomorrow, which gives them a bit of breathing room before fully confronting the deadline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8519\" data-end=\"8745\">Still, it’s a real deadline. We saw Senator John Curtis of Utah say recently that he would not support continuing the campaign without the White House coming to Congress for approval and providing more clarity about its goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8747\" data-end=\"8902\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"8747\" data-end=\"8767\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Harold Hongju Koh, are there enforcement mechanisms? If this doesn’t happen—if there’s no extension—does the war just continue anyway?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"8904\" data-end=\"9161\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"8904\" data-end=\"8926\">Harold Hongju Koh:\u003c/strong> There are two main mechanisms. One is funding—Congress controls the power of the purse. This war is costing about a billion dollars a day. At some point, the administration will need to request more funding, and Congress could refuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9163\" data-end=\"9382\">The second is the courts. In the past, courts have ruled on whether the conditions of statutes like this have been met. Early U.S. courts frequently ruled on whether a war legally existed, and this is an undeclared war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9384\" data-end=\"9659\">You’d need a plaintiff with standing—someone directly affected. During the first Gulf War, a soldier ordered to deploy was found to have standing. A federal judge even suggested that, in theory, an injunction could be issued against a war if the legal conditions weren’t met.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9661\" data-end=\"9720\">So I think you’re going to see some legal challenges filed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"9722\" data-end=\"10070\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"9722\" data-end=\"9742\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> We are talking about the war in Iran, lawmakers’ efforts to stop it, and the legal wrangling involved. You’ve been hearing from Harold Hongju Koh, Sterling Professor of International Law at Yale Law School, and Robert Jimison, congressional reporter for \u003cem data-start=\"9997\" data-end=\"10017\">The New York Times\u003c/em>. Earlier, we heard from Congressman Mark DeSaulnier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"10072\" data-end=\"10198\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">If you’ve got questions, give us a call: 866-733-6786, or email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"10136\" data-end=\"10150\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>. We’ll be back with more right after the break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101913711/trumps-war-in-iran-nears-critical-deadline",
"authors": [
"11757"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101913712",
"label": "forum"
},
"forum_2010101913690": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101913690",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101913690",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1777482000000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "roundup-the-controversial-weedkiller-sprayed-throughout-california-forests",
"title": "Roundup: The Controversial Weedkiller Sprayed Throughout California Forests",
"publishDate": 1777416587,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Roundup: The Controversial Weedkiller Sprayed Throughout California Forests | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"term": 3,
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Wednesday, April 29 at 10 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court this week heard a case about Roundup, a weedkiller widely used in agriculture — and that tens of thousands claim has caused their cancer. Now a new investigation from Mother Jones reveals that Roundup is used across California by the US Forest Service and Cal Fire. While Bayer, Roundup’s parent company, claims the chemical’s safety is backed up by extensive research, the investigation calls into question data behind these claims. We’ll look at what’s known about the health impacts of Roundup, how it’s used for fire recovery and why it’s causing a rift in Trump world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"350\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"13\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"25\" data-end=\"32\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Mina Kim. The safety of glyphosate—better known by its brand name, Roundup—has been debated for decades, even as multiple lawsuits have alleged the weed killer causes cancer, with several ending in settlements. Roundup’s parent company, Bayer, has since removed glyphosate from its residential consumer versions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"352\" data-end=\"844\">Now Bayer wants the Supreme Court’s help in a case heard Monday that could ultimately dismiss tens of thousands of lawsuits alleging the chemical caused non-Hodgkin lymphoma and other illnesses. Amid all of this, we learned this week that Roundup is being sprayed on California’s forest land, thanks to an investigation by Nate Halverson, reporter and producer at the Center for Investigative Reporting, who covered this for \u003cem data-start=\"777\" data-end=\"785\">Reveal\u003c/em> and \u003cem data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"804\">Mother Jones\u003c/em>. Nate joins me now. Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"836\" data-end=\"843\">Forum\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"846\" data-end=\"907\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"846\" data-end=\"865\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> Mina, thank you so much for having me on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"909\" data-end=\"1023\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"909\" data-end=\"922\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So, Nate, when did you first suspect something like this was being used on California’s forest land?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1025\" data-end=\"1291\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1025\" data-end=\"1044\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> I first came across this as more of a nagging feeling in the back of my head—it could have been over a year ago. I’m an avid mushroom forager, both here in the Bay Area and up in the southern Cascades and the Sierra. Right now, it’s morel season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1293\" data-end=\"1820\">As a mushroom forager, you’re always scanning the ground—even in areas where you can’t legally forage, like private land—because if something is popping up there, it means your usual spots might be productive too. In some of these areas, I began noticing year after year that nothing was growing on the forest floor. I wondered: how are they thinning or treating these areas in a way that prevents anything from growing? It never occurred to me that they might be spraying one of the most controversial herbicides in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1886\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1835\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Until you got a letter, right? Tell me about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"2211\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"1907\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> Yes. Like my neighbors who live around Lassen National Forest, I got a letter saying the Forest Service would be doing recovery work following two of the state’s largest fires—the Dixie Fire in 2021, which burned about a million acres, and the Park Fire in 2024, which burned about half a million acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2213\" data-end=\"2610\">The letter described plans to thin vegetation, carry out prescribed burns, reforest, and create more patchiness to help prevent future fires and support hardwood growth. I thought, “Fantastic—this is government doing good work.” Then I saw the word “herbicides.” That’s when it clicked. I thought about those barren forest floors I’d seen and wondered: have they been spraying herbicides all over?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2612\" data-end=\"2958\">I pulled up the lengthy document behind the letter—over 100 pages—and saw that the primary herbicide listed was glyphosate, the key ingredient in Roundup. It even named Roundup as the likely brand. I later confirmed through additional documents that the Forest Service is indeed spraying Roundup in national forests—and they’re not the only ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"3183\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"2973\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> I think many people assume herbicides are used mainly in agriculture, especially large-scale farming—not necessarily in forests. Officials say this is part of fire recovery. How do herbicides factor into that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3185\" data-end=\"3458\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3185\" data-end=\"3204\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> The plan is to reforest areas where trees were killed by fire—removing dead stands, sometimes selling the timber, and then replanting. After a fire, there’s a natural surge of regrowth. Many plants, including some conifers, depend on fire to regenerate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3460\" data-end=\"3777\">But the newly planted trees compete with faster-growing species—like hardwoods and shrubs—that often outcompete them. The Forest Service and timber industry say they use herbicides to suppress that competing vegetation so the desired trees—typically commercially valuable conifers—can grow more quickly and uniformly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3779\" data-end=\"3958\">In effect, they’re clearing out competing plant life, sometimes for years, to maximize yields and speed up harvest cycles. At the core, this is about economics—revenue and profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3960\" data-end=\"4059\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3960\" data-end=\"3973\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> You mentioned it’s not just the U.S. Forest Service. Who else is doing this spraying?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4368\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4080\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> The state government is also involved, as well as private industry. The largest private landowner in California, Sierra Pacific Industries—a timber company—is a major user. In fact, it’s the second-largest private user of glyphosate in the state, even compared to agricultural companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4370\" data-end=\"4654\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4370\" data-end=\"4383\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Let’s bring in listeners. Did you know glyphosate—Roundup—is being sprayed on California’s forests? What questions do you have about its safety or use? You can email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4550\" data-end=\"4564\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, find us on Discord, Bluesky, Facebook, or Instagram at KQED Forum, or call 866-733-6786.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4656\" data-end=\"4742\">When you shared your reporting, some people raised health concerns. What did you hear?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4744\" data-end=\"4985\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4744\" data-end=\"4763\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> There’s a growing body of peer-reviewed research that goes beyond the cancer debate. Some studies suggest glyphosate may affect gut health by disrupting beneficial bacteria, potentially leading to broader systemic issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4987\" data-end=\"5212\">There’s also a long-running study at UC Berkeley tracking people in the Central Valley exposed to agricultural spraying. It follows pregnant mothers and their children over time and has found links to metabolic health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5214\" data-end=\"5460\">Another study from Arizona State University in December 2024 exposed mice to levels of glyphosate considered safe by regulators and found persistent neuroinflammation even months after exposure ended. So there’s a range of concerns beyond cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5462\" data-end=\"5523\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5462\" data-end=\"5475\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Let’s go to a caller. Dave in Orinda, go ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5525\" data-end=\"5661\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5525\" data-end=\"5543\">Dave (caller):\u003c/strong> Hi. I’m curious about the impact on animal life. Are there signs that wildlife—deer, birds, bears—are being affected?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5663\" data-end=\"5690\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5663\" data-end=\"5676\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Thanks, Dave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5692\" data-end=\"5900\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5692\" data-end=\"5711\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> Great question. Yes—beyond human health, there’s clear evidence of environmental impact. The EPA has stated that glyphosate may harm 93% of endangered species and 96% of critical habitats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5902\" data-end=\"6217\">For example, some of the spraying is planned near the headwaters of Mill Creek, which supports one of the largest salmon runs in California. Salmon travel from the Pacific Ocean, through the Golden Gate, up past Sacramento, and all the way to the base of Mount Lassen—including threatened spring-run Chinook salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6219\" data-end=\"6420\">Spraying glyphosate in these sensitive watershed areas raises serious concerns. The EPA acknowledges that glyphosate can be harmful to fish, so applying it near such ecosystems is highly controversial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6422\" data-end=\"6883\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6422\" data-end=\"6435\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Here’s a comment from Maureen, who writes: “In 1990, I had a healthy West Highland terrier. One day she rolled in grass behind our home and had a severe epileptic seizure. After that, she had seizures every time we walked in a public park. The parks director told me Roundup had been used there. After they reduced its use, we avoided treated areas, and her seizures stopped. Since then, I’ve taken ‘weedy grass’ as a sign it’s safer for my dogs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6885\" data-end=\"7114\">We’re talking with Nate Halverson about Roundup being sprayed on California forest land, as the Supreme Court considers a major case involving the chemical. We’re also hearing from listeners about their experiences and questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7116\" data-end=\"7339\">Call us at 866-733-6786, email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"7147\" data-end=\"7161\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, or reach us on social media at KQED Forum. Nate’s reporting appears in \u003cem data-start=\"7234\" data-end=\"7248\">Mother Jones\u003c/em> and on \u003cem data-start=\"7256\" data-end=\"7264\">Reveal\u003c/em>. He’s a reporter and producer with the Center for Investigative Reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7341\" data-end=\"7376\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">More after the break. I’m Mina Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "We look at what’s known about the health impacts of Roundup, how it’s used for fire recovery and why it’s causing a rift in Trump world.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1777495590,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 4,
"wordCount": 1432
},
"headData": {
"title": "Roundup: The Controversial Weedkiller Sprayed Throughout California Forests | KQED",
"description": "We look at what’s known about the health impacts of Roundup, how it’s used for fire recovery and why it’s causing a rift in Trump world.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Roundup: The Controversial Weedkiller Sprayed Throughout California Forests",
"datePublished": "2026-04-28T15:49:47-07:00",
"dateModified": "2026-04-29T13:46:30-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC9993660492.mp3?updated=1777495468",
"airdate": 1777482000,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Nate Halverson",
"bio": "senior reporter and producer, The Center for Investigative Reporting who reported on Roundup for Reveal and Mother Jones"
},
{
"name": "Carrie Johnson",
"bio": "Supreme Court and justice correspondent, NPR"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101913690/roundup-the-controversial-weedkiller-sprayed-throughout-california-forests",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Wednesday, April 29 at 10 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court this week heard a case about Roundup, a weedkiller widely used in agriculture — and that tens of thousands claim has caused their cancer. Now a new investigation from Mother Jones reveals that Roundup is used across California by the US Forest Service and Cal Fire. While Bayer, Roundup’s parent company, claims the chemical’s safety is backed up by extensive research, the investigation calls into question data behind these claims. We’ll look at what’s known about the health impacts of Roundup, how it’s used for fire recovery and why it’s causing a rift in Trump world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"350\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"13\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"25\" data-end=\"32\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Mina Kim. The safety of glyphosate—better known by its brand name, Roundup—has been debated for decades, even as multiple lawsuits have alleged the weed killer causes cancer, with several ending in settlements. Roundup’s parent company, Bayer, has since removed glyphosate from its residential consumer versions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"352\" data-end=\"844\">Now Bayer wants the Supreme Court’s help in a case heard Monday that could ultimately dismiss tens of thousands of lawsuits alleging the chemical caused non-Hodgkin lymphoma and other illnesses. Amid all of this, we learned this week that Roundup is being sprayed on California’s forest land, thanks to an investigation by Nate Halverson, reporter and producer at the Center for Investigative Reporting, who covered this for \u003cem data-start=\"777\" data-end=\"785\">Reveal\u003c/em> and \u003cem data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"804\">Mother Jones\u003c/em>. Nate joins me now. Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"836\" data-end=\"843\">Forum\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"846\" data-end=\"907\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"846\" data-end=\"865\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> Mina, thank you so much for having me on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"909\" data-end=\"1023\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"909\" data-end=\"922\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> So, Nate, when did you first suspect something like this was being used on California’s forest land?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1025\" data-end=\"1291\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1025\" data-end=\"1044\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> I first came across this as more of a nagging feeling in the back of my head—it could have been over a year ago. I’m an avid mushroom forager, both here in the Bay Area and up in the southern Cascades and the Sierra. Right now, it’s morel season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1293\" data-end=\"1820\">As a mushroom forager, you’re always scanning the ground—even in areas where you can’t legally forage, like private land—because if something is popping up there, it means your usual spots might be productive too. In some of these areas, I began noticing year after year that nothing was growing on the forest floor. I wondered: how are they thinning or treating these areas in a way that prevents anything from growing? It never occurred to me that they might be spraying one of the most controversial herbicides in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1886\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1835\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Until you got a letter, right? Tell me about that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"2211\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1888\" data-end=\"1907\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> Yes. Like my neighbors who live around Lassen National Forest, I got a letter saying the Forest Service would be doing recovery work following two of the state’s largest fires—the Dixie Fire in 2021, which burned about a million acres, and the Park Fire in 2024, which burned about half a million acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2213\" data-end=\"2610\">The letter described plans to thin vegetation, carry out prescribed burns, reforest, and create more patchiness to help prevent future fires and support hardwood growth. I thought, “Fantastic—this is government doing good work.” Then I saw the word “herbicides.” That’s when it clicked. I thought about those barren forest floors I’d seen and wondered: have they been spraying herbicides all over?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2612\" data-end=\"2958\">I pulled up the lengthy document behind the letter—over 100 pages—and saw that the primary herbicide listed was glyphosate, the key ingredient in Roundup. It even named Roundup as the likely brand. I later confirmed through additional documents that the Forest Service is indeed spraying Roundup in national forests—and they’re not the only ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"3183\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"2973\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> I think many people assume herbicides are used mainly in agriculture, especially large-scale farming—not necessarily in forests. Officials say this is part of fire recovery. How do herbicides factor into that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3185\" data-end=\"3458\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3185\" data-end=\"3204\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> The plan is to reforest areas where trees were killed by fire—removing dead stands, sometimes selling the timber, and then replanting. After a fire, there’s a natural surge of regrowth. Many plants, including some conifers, depend on fire to regenerate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3460\" data-end=\"3777\">But the newly planted trees compete with faster-growing species—like hardwoods and shrubs—that often outcompete them. The Forest Service and timber industry say they use herbicides to suppress that competing vegetation so the desired trees—typically commercially valuable conifers—can grow more quickly and uniformly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3779\" data-end=\"3958\">In effect, they’re clearing out competing plant life, sometimes for years, to maximize yields and speed up harvest cycles. At the core, this is about economics—revenue and profit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3960\" data-end=\"4059\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3960\" data-end=\"3973\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> You mentioned it’s not just the U.S. Forest Service. Who else is doing this spraying?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4368\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4080\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> The state government is also involved, as well as private industry. The largest private landowner in California, Sierra Pacific Industries—a timber company—is a major user. In fact, it’s the second-largest private user of glyphosate in the state, even compared to agricultural companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4370\" data-end=\"4654\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4370\" data-end=\"4383\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Let’s bring in listeners. Did you know glyphosate—Roundup—is being sprayed on California’s forests? What questions do you have about its safety or use? You can email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"4550\" data-end=\"4564\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, find us on Discord, Bluesky, Facebook, or Instagram at KQED Forum, or call 866-733-6786.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4656\" data-end=\"4742\">When you shared your reporting, some people raised health concerns. What did you hear?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4744\" data-end=\"4985\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4744\" data-end=\"4763\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> There’s a growing body of peer-reviewed research that goes beyond the cancer debate. Some studies suggest glyphosate may affect gut health by disrupting beneficial bacteria, potentially leading to broader systemic issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4987\" data-end=\"5212\">There’s also a long-running study at UC Berkeley tracking people in the Central Valley exposed to agricultural spraying. It follows pregnant mothers and their children over time and has found links to metabolic health issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5214\" data-end=\"5460\">Another study from Arizona State University in December 2024 exposed mice to levels of glyphosate considered safe by regulators and found persistent neuroinflammation even months after exposure ended. So there’s a range of concerns beyond cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5462\" data-end=\"5523\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5462\" data-end=\"5475\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Let’s go to a caller. Dave in Orinda, go ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5525\" data-end=\"5661\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5525\" data-end=\"5543\">Dave (caller):\u003c/strong> Hi. I’m curious about the impact on animal life. Are there signs that wildlife—deer, birds, bears—are being affected?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5663\" data-end=\"5690\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5663\" data-end=\"5676\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Thanks, Dave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5692\" data-end=\"5900\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5692\" data-end=\"5711\">Nate Halverson:\u003c/strong> Great question. Yes—beyond human health, there’s clear evidence of environmental impact. The EPA has stated that glyphosate may harm 93% of endangered species and 96% of critical habitats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5902\" data-end=\"6217\">For example, some of the spraying is planned near the headwaters of Mill Creek, which supports one of the largest salmon runs in California. Salmon travel from the Pacific Ocean, through the Golden Gate, up past Sacramento, and all the way to the base of Mount Lassen—including threatened spring-run Chinook salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6219\" data-end=\"6420\">Spraying glyphosate in these sensitive watershed areas raises serious concerns. The EPA acknowledges that glyphosate can be harmful to fish, so applying it near such ecosystems is highly controversial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6422\" data-end=\"6883\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6422\" data-end=\"6435\">Mina Kim:\u003c/strong> Here’s a comment from Maureen, who writes: “In 1990, I had a healthy West Highland terrier. One day she rolled in grass behind our home and had a severe epileptic seizure. After that, she had seizures every time we walked in a public park. The parks director told me Roundup had been used there. After they reduced its use, we avoided treated areas, and her seizures stopped. Since then, I’ve taken ‘weedy grass’ as a sign it’s safer for my dogs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6885\" data-end=\"7114\">We’re talking with Nate Halverson about Roundup being sprayed on California forest land, as the Supreme Court considers a major case involving the chemical. We’re also hearing from listeners about their experiences and questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7116\" data-end=\"7339\">Call us at 866-733-6786, email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"7147\" data-end=\"7161\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, or reach us on social media at KQED Forum. Nate’s reporting appears in \u003cem data-start=\"7234\" data-end=\"7248\">Mother Jones\u003c/em> and on \u003cem data-start=\"7256\" data-end=\"7264\">Reveal\u003c/em>. He’s a reporter and producer with the Center for Investigative Reporting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7341\" data-end=\"7376\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">More after the break. I’m Mina Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101913690/roundup-the-controversial-weedkiller-sprayed-throughout-california-forests",
"authors": [
"243"
],
"programs": [
"forum_3"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101913691",
"label": "forum_3"
},
"forum_2010101911792": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101911792",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911792",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1761667200000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "in-search-of-home-part-4-strategies-for-building-permanent-homes-for-the-unhoused",
"title": "In Search of Home Part 4: Strategies For Building Permanent Homes for the Unhoused",
"publishDate": 1761601035,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "In Search of Home Part 4: Strategies For Building Permanent Homes for the Unhoused | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"term": 1688,
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, October 28 at 9 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the main drivers of homelessness in the Bay Area is simply a lack of affordable housing for people with the very lowest incomes. In Part 4 of our series “In Search of Home: Solutions for the Homelessness Crisis” we’ll take a look at some innovative strategies developers and cities are exploring to fund projects and lower the cost of construction. We bring together housing developers, housing experts and Bay Area residents to discuss what works to bring more permanent housing that formerly homeless people can actually afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "We bring together housing developers, housing experts and Bay Area residents to discuss what works to bring more permanent housing that formerly homeless people can actually afford.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1761752842,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 3,
"wordCount": 102
},
"headData": {
"title": "In Search of Home Part 4: Strategies For Building Permanent Homes for the Unhoused | KQED",
"description": "We bring together housing developers, housing experts and Bay Area residents to discuss what works to bring more permanent housing that formerly homeless people can actually afford.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "In Search of Home Part 4: Strategies For Building Permanent Homes for the Unhoused",
"datePublished": "2025-10-27T14:37:15-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-10-29T08:47:22-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC5356850804.mp3?updated=1761684463",
"airdate": 1761667200,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Patrick Kennedy",
"bio": "owner, Panoramic Interests - a development firm that has been building in the Bay Area since 1990"
},
{
"name": "Carolina Reid",
"bio": "professor in affordable housing and urban policy, Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of California at Berkeley"
},
{
"name": "Matt Franklin",
"bio": "president and CEO, MidPen Housing"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101911792/in-search-of-home-part-4-strategies-for-building-permanent-homes-for-the-unhoused",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, October 28 at 9 AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the main drivers of homelessness in the Bay Area is simply a lack of affordable housing for people with the very lowest incomes. In Part 4 of our series “In Search of Home: Solutions for the Homelessness Crisis” we’ll take a look at some innovative strategies developers and cities are exploring to fund projects and lower the cost of construction. We bring together housing developers, housing experts and Bay Area residents to discuss what works to bring more permanent housing that formerly homeless people can actually afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101911792/in-search-of-home-part-4-strategies-for-building-permanent-homes-for-the-unhoused",
"authors": [
"11757"
],
"series": [
"forum_1688"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101911827",
"label": "forum_1688"
},
"forum_2010101911606": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101911606",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911606",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1760457600000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "in-search-of-home-part-3-the-path-to-permanent-housing",
"title": "In Search of Home Part 3: The Path to Permanent Housing",
"publishDate": 1760397007,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "In Search of Home Part 3: The Path to Permanent Housing | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"term": 1688,
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, October 14 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We continue our series, “In Search of Home: Solutions for the Homelessness Crisis” with an examination of what it takes to help a person experiencing homelessness find their way into permanent housing. We talk with providers operating transitional housing with wrap-around services and rapid rehousing programs, that help with leasing new apartments, about the most effective ways to move a formerly homeless person or family into a permanent home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": " We talk with providers operating transitional housing about the most effective ways to move a formerly homeless person or family into a permanent home.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1760470301,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 3,
"wordCount": 80
},
"headData": {
"title": "In Search of Home Part 3: The Path to Permanent Housing | KQED",
"description": " We talk with providers operating transitional housing about the most effective ways to move a formerly homeless person or family into a permanent home.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "In Search of Home Part 3: The Path to Permanent Housing",
"datePublished": "2025-10-13T16:10:07-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-10-14T12:31:41-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC9631188321.mp3?updated=1760469406",
"airdate": 1760457600,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Vivian Wan",
"bio": "chief executive officer, Abode, a nonprofit that provides services and housing in the Bay Area"
},
{
"name": "Lydia Chriss",
"bio": "Hamilton Families client"
},
{
"name": "Kyriell Noon",
"bio": "executive director, Hamilton Families"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101911606/in-search-of-home-part-3-the-path-to-permanent-housing",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, October 14 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We continue our series, “In Search of Home: Solutions for the Homelessness Crisis” with an examination of what it takes to help a person experiencing homelessness find their way into permanent housing. We talk with providers operating transitional housing with wrap-around services and rapid rehousing programs, that help with leasing new apartments, about the most effective ways to move a formerly homeless person or family into a permanent home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101911606/in-search-of-home-part-3-the-path-to-permanent-housing",
"authors": [
"11757"
],
"series": [
"forum_1688"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101911607",
"label": "forum_1688"
},
"forum_2010101911397": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101911397",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911397",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1759248000000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "in-search-of-home-part-2-what-happens-when-someone-loses-their-housing",
"title": "In Search of Home Part 2: What Happens When Someone Loses Their Housing",
"publishDate": 1759182956,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "In Search of Home Part 2: What Happens When Someone Loses Their Housing | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"term": 1688,
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, September 30 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Forum is continuing our series, “In Search of Home: Solutions for the Homelessness Crisis” with a look into what happens when people lose their housing. Some find a new place to live quickly, while others shuffle through couch-surfing, sleeping outside, staying at shelters, living in cars or a tent. We’ll talk about the early stages of losing housing and the interventions that can help keep homelessness “brief and rare” as policy experts say, and head off chronic homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "We talk about the early stages of losing housing and the interventions that can help keep homelessness “brief and rare.”",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1760392380,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 3,
"wordCount": 93
},
"headData": {
"title": "In Search of Home Part 2: What Happens When Someone Loses Their Housing | KQED",
"description": "We talk about the early stages of losing housing and the interventions that can help keep homelessness “brief and rare.”",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "In Search of Home Part 2: What Happens When Someone Loses Their Housing",
"datePublished": "2025-09-29T14:55:56-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-10-13T14:53:00-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7438182887.mp3?updated=1759259256",
"airdate": 1759248000,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Vanessa Rancaño",
"bio": "housing affordability reporter, NPR"
},
{
"name": "Sharon Cornu",
"bio": "executive director, St. Mary's Center - a provider of transitional housing and other services for seniors and families in Oakland"
},
{
"name": "Markos Gonzalez",
"bio": "associate director of programs community outreach, Bay Area Community Services (BACS) - a provider of behavioral health and homelessness services"
},
{
"name": "Keanna Ward",
"bio": "Bay Area resident, is formerly homeless"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101911397/in-search-of-home-part-2-what-happens-when-someone-loses-their-housing",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, September 30 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Forum is continuing our series, “In Search of Home: Solutions for the Homelessness Crisis” with a look into what happens when people lose their housing. Some find a new place to live quickly, while others shuffle through couch-surfing, sleeping outside, staying at shelters, living in cars or a tent. We’ll talk about the early stages of losing housing and the interventions that can help keep homelessness “brief and rare” as policy experts say, and head off chronic homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101911397/in-search-of-home-part-2-what-happens-when-someone-loses-their-housing",
"authors": [
"11757"
],
"series": [
"forum_1688"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101911398",
"label": "forum_1688"
},
"forum_2010101911674": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101911674",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911674",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1760720400000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "get-ready-to-be-spooked-this-halloween",
"title": "Get Ready to be ‘Spooked’ this Halloween",
"publishDate": 1760653638,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Get Ready to be ‘Spooked’ this Halloween | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Friday, October 17 at 10AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Forum is now on YouTube. Subscribe to the KQED News YouTube channel and watch the full interview.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glynn Washington, host of KQED and Snap Judgment’s “Spooked,” joins us to talk about the podcast’s new season called The Crossroads. It takes stories about encounters with the unknown to new levels by exploring what happens when desperation drives us to bargain with dark forces. As “Spooked” tours the West Coast — with shows on Oct. 23 in Los Angeles and Oct. 25 in Oakland – we’ll talk about why we crave frights, scares and ghosts this month, and what they can teach us about our world year-round.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/edf7dks91b4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "Glynn Washington, host of KQED and Snap Judgment’s “Spooked,” joins us to talk about the podcast’s new season called The Crossroads.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1761929396,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 4,
"wordCount": 128
},
"headData": {
"title": "Get Ready to be ‘Spooked’ this Halloween | KQED",
"description": "Glynn Washington, host of KQED and Snap Judgment’s “Spooked,” joins us to talk about the podcast’s new season called The Crossroads.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Get Ready to be ‘Spooked’ this Halloween",
"datePublished": "2025-10-16T15:27:18-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-10-31T09:49:56-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC1709432810.mp3?updated=1760729931",
"airdate": 1760720400,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Glynn Washington",
"bio": "host and executive producer, \"Snap Judgment\" and \"Spooked\" podcasts"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101911674/get-ready-to-be-spooked-this-halloween",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Friday, October 17 at 10AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Forum is now on YouTube. Subscribe to the KQED News YouTube channel and watch the full interview.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glynn Washington, host of KQED and Snap Judgment’s “Spooked,” joins us to talk about the podcast’s new season called The Crossroads. It takes stories about encounters with the unknown to new levels by exploring what happens when desperation drives us to bargain with dark forces. As “Spooked” tours the West Coast — with shows on Oct. 23 in Los Angeles and Oct. 25 in Oakland – we’ll talk about why we crave frights, scares and ghosts this month, and what they can teach us about our world year-round.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/edf7dks91b4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/edf7dks91b4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101911674/get-ready-to-be-spooked-this-halloween",
"authors": [
"243"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"tags": [
"forum_1684"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101894735",
"label": "forum"
},
"forum_2010101911494": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101911494",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911494",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1759852800000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "is-it-time-for-california-to-consider-a-soft-secession",
"title": "Is It Time for California to Consider a \"Soft Secession\"?",
"publishDate": 1759790614,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "Is It Time for California to Consider a “Soft Secession”? | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, October 7 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Forum is now on YouTube. Subscribe to the KQED News YouTube channel and watch the full interview.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has a massive economy, the power of Hollywood and Silicon Valley, and we grow much of the nation’s food. As the Trump administration targets the state with federal cuts, ICE raids, and the deployment of the National Guard, some are asking: How could California—and other blue states—use their considerable power? Could there be a kind of “soft secession” from the federal government? We’ll talk about the possible paths for blue-state resistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/YjdZf2uhwn0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003ci>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Welcome to \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Forum\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. I’m Alexis Madrigal. Over the last 20 years, Republican-controlled states and their allies in the judiciary have built a new power infrastructure out of the latent potential of statehood. And now, as the Trump administration breaks norms — and often laws — in pursuit of a different America, there have been calls in blue states to fight back against federal power.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But what should the states do, and how? It’s not just resisting. Blue states are also building new alliances to take on some of the tasks that traditionally would have been federal responsibilities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a new essay in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Clara Jeffrey outlined some of the many tactics now at play to throw the states’ economic might around. It’s a set of maneuvers that could be tantamount to a “soft secession.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To talk about what that could mean, we’re joined by Clara Jeffrey, editor in chief of \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the Center for Investigative Reporting. Welcome, Clara.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Thanks so much for having me, Alexis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And we’re also joined by John Michaels, professor of law at UCLA School of Law and adviser to the dean on civic engagement. Welcome, Jon.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Thanks for having me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> So Clara, let’s just go straight to the name — “soft secession.” How do you define that?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Well, it’s defined not as a violent break like 1861, but another term for it is “noncooperative federalism.” Basically, it’s where states that are aligned in values and purpose team up to either defensively or offensively act in their own best interest — to protect their citizens, their values, their programs, their funding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And who is actually arguing for this? Are there people out there aside from your essay, saying it’s time for soft secession? Are there Democratic politicians saying this, or is this more of a whisper-network thing?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I would say it’s more essayists, law professors — people who historically have probed this even before the Trump administration — but it’s also coming to the fore with people just searching for solutions, and also searching for a way to describe the things that are already happening. Like these vaccine compacts, or moves by blue-state attorneys general to mount a defensive wall against some of the worst Trump administration incursions, certainly around things like immigration raids and trying to roll back the rights of both citizens and residents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Jon, as our law professor here on the show, I’m curious how you see this playing out in the legal community. Obviously, going back a long time to the very founding, this kind of state versus federal power has been an enormous issue in constitutional law and in many other areas. But things are different now, it feels like.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. I think the term “secession” invites a lot of curiosity, enthusiasm, and aversion. Its provocative nature is a conversation starter. But I think what — and I don’t want to speak for Ms. Jeffrey — but I think what we’re talking about here is decentralization. A reconfiguration of federal-state power.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As you alluded to, that’s happened at various points in our history — some quite productively, some quite problematically. The energy in this conversation is really about whether federal power, which is being mobilized against large segments of the American people and culture, can be recalibrated in a way that gives states and communities more authority and discretion to chart a different course.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If we want to get into the history, it’s very rich with examples that can be mined.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I mean, does it feel uncomfortable, Clara Jeffrey, to feel like you’re arguing for states’ rights? You know, this kind of long-time Republican position?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Right. There’s very much an irony there. Traditionally, in my lifetime, it’s been the Republican Party — particularly the far right wing — that invoked states’ rights, often to fend off desegregation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So yes, it is a flipping of alliances on its head. And I think we’re seeing this play out more and more in real time at higher levels. Just last night, Gavin Newsom basically threatened to walk away from the Governors Association, which has been around for more than a hundred years. And JB Pritzker kind of did the same. They’re saying, “If you’re going to send troops into our state over our objections, in ways that we think are against the law, then we’re not going to be aligned with you in this compact of governors anymore.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So once you start looking around for signs that there’s a grand reconsideration happening, you’ll see it everywhere.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Jon, tell us about the kind of legal infrastructure that’s in place here. Going all the way back, but also in the last twenty years — it feels like there’s been a new set of decisions and a new set of understandings in red states about how to resist federal government power that maybe now can be put in play for blue states?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I think it’s helpful to frame it that way, because it also points to one of the big challenges. Resistance and noncompliance are a lot easier when you’re not engaged in constructive state-building, when you’re not interested in ensuring that your institutions are well-funded, well-supported, and serving your community.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Obstruction — withdrawing from the governors’ union, or pulling back from cooperative federalism arrangements like healthcare or disability insurance — that’s fairly easy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trying to build an alternate infrastructure of support — for our universities, for under-resourced populations — that’s the challenge, and it speaks to the asymmetry here. When states have been noncompliant in the past, they were just putting their foot on the brake. Now, blue states are trying to put their foot on the brake, jump out of the car, and run uphill on their own power.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s why this infrastructure has to be built largely anew. It’s not impossible, but it’s different.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. Where my mind goes is the pandemic-era pacts, right? Those had flowered early in the pandemic. But did they actually get things done?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I think they did start to fall apart along the politics of various states and cities. But we are seeing new alliances, confederations — whatever you want to call them. The western states, along with Hawaii, have joined into a vaccine alliance. New England has done the same.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But I also want to point to a deeper issue: high-population states, California in particular. California has 67 times the population of Wyoming, but the same number of senators. Donald Trump would not be invading blue cities and blue states if there were no Electoral College. He would not risk alienating voters in those states, regardless of political persuasion, because there are just too many people.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’re seeing some anti-democratic structures, built into the Constitution to appease slave states, become more and more anti-democratic. The unbalanced nature of that has only gotten worse over time. That’s a deeper problem coming to the fore.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> People may remember over the years, there have been attempts to turn California into more than one state. There was the “Six Californias” ballot initiative in 2013, and variations of that afterward, but none of them made it forward. What you’re suggesting is not this, right?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I’m suggesting that people are starting to look at ways to both counter Trump policies and aggressions they see as unlawful and unfair, while also confronting the broader sense that the Senate and the Electoral College — particularly in combination — are deeply undemocratic.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> You know, David writes: “This is political pornography for me. I love the idea of California seceding. I’d like to hear a practical step-by-step of how this could happen rather than just pie in the sky.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">David, we’re not going to talk about literal secession, but about building alternative infrastructures of governance. Jon, this is your work. What does that look like?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> We could talk about practical policies. One component is collective will: focusing attention on reshaping our states, or clusters of states, so they remain resilient during economic deprivation — like when the federal government cuts funding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another is preserving and maintaining our resources so they’re not used for punitive purposes — like deploying National Guard men and women against our own residents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If there’s real commitment here, we could start to build that alternative infrastructure. And to be clear, we’re not talking about going to the gun shop. This is what states can do constructively.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> We’re talking with Jon Michaels, professor of law at UCLA School of Law and adviser to the dean on civic engagement. We’ve also got Clara Jeffrey, editor in chief of \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the Center for Investigative Reporting. Her new piece in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is “It’s Time for a Soft Secession.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’ll be back with more on the nuts and bolts of “soft secession” when we return.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "We talk about the possible paths for blue-state resistance.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1763671629,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 42,
"wordCount": 1766
},
"headData": {
"title": "Is It Time for California to Consider a \"Soft Secession\"? | KQED",
"description": "We talk about the possible paths for blue-state resistance.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "Is It Time for California to Consider a \"Soft Secession\"?",
"datePublished": "2025-10-06T15:43:34-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-11-20T12:47:09-08:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7204637683.mp3?updated=1759866872",
"airdate": 1759852800,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Clara Jeffery",
"bio": "editor in chief, Mother Jones and the Center for Investigative Reporting"
},
{
"name": "Jon Michaels",
"bio": "law professor, UCLA"
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101911494/is-it-time-for-california-to-consider-a-soft-secession",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Tuesday, October 7 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Forum is now on YouTube. Subscribe to the KQED News YouTube channel and watch the full interview.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has a massive economy, the power of Hollywood and Silicon Valley, and we grow much of the nation’s food. As the Trump administration targets the state with federal cuts, ICE raids, and the deployment of the National Guard, some are asking: How could California—and other blue states—use their considerable power? Could there be a kind of “soft secession” from the federal government? We’ll talk about the possible paths for blue-state resistance.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/YjdZf2uhwn0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/YjdZf2uhwn0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003ci>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Welcome to \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Forum\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. I’m Alexis Madrigal. Over the last 20 years, Republican-controlled states and their allies in the judiciary have built a new power infrastructure out of the latent potential of statehood. And now, as the Trump administration breaks norms — and often laws — in pursuit of a different America, there have been calls in blue states to fight back against federal power.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But what should the states do, and how? It’s not just resisting. Blue states are also building new alliances to take on some of the tasks that traditionally would have been federal responsibilities.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In a new essay in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Clara Jeffrey outlined some of the many tactics now at play to throw the states’ economic might around. It’s a set of maneuvers that could be tantamount to a “soft secession.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To talk about what that could mean, we’re joined by Clara Jeffrey, editor in chief of \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the Center for Investigative Reporting. Welcome, Clara.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Thanks so much for having me, Alexis.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And we’re also joined by John Michaels, professor of law at UCLA School of Law and adviser to the dean on civic engagement. Welcome, Jon.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Thanks for having me.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> So Clara, let’s just go straight to the name — “soft secession.” How do you define that?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Well, it’s defined not as a violent break like 1861, but another term for it is “noncooperative federalism.” Basically, it’s where states that are aligned in values and purpose team up to either defensively or offensively act in their own best interest — to protect their citizens, their values, their programs, their funding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And who is actually arguing for this? Are there people out there aside from your essay, saying it’s time for soft secession? Are there Democratic politicians saying this, or is this more of a whisper-network thing?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I would say it’s more essayists, law professors — people who historically have probed this even before the Trump administration — but it’s also coming to the fore with people just searching for solutions, and also searching for a way to describe the things that are already happening. Like these vaccine compacts, or moves by blue-state attorneys general to mount a defensive wall against some of the worst Trump administration incursions, certainly around things like immigration raids and trying to roll back the rights of both citizens and residents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Jon, as our law professor here on the show, I’m curious how you see this playing out in the legal community. Obviously, going back a long time to the very founding, this kind of state versus federal power has been an enormous issue in constitutional law and in many other areas. But things are different now, it feels like.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. I think the term “secession” invites a lot of curiosity, enthusiasm, and aversion. Its provocative nature is a conversation starter. But I think what — and I don’t want to speak for Ms. Jeffrey — but I think what we’re talking about here is decentralization. A reconfiguration of federal-state power.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As you alluded to, that’s happened at various points in our history — some quite productively, some quite problematically. The energy in this conversation is really about whether federal power, which is being mobilized against large segments of the American people and culture, can be recalibrated in a way that gives states and communities more authority and discretion to chart a different course.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If we want to get into the history, it’s very rich with examples that can be mined.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I mean, does it feel uncomfortable, Clara Jeffrey, to feel like you’re arguing for states’ rights? You know, this kind of long-time Republican position?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Right. There’s very much an irony there. Traditionally, in my lifetime, it’s been the Republican Party — particularly the far right wing — that invoked states’ rights, often to fend off desegregation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So yes, it is a flipping of alliances on its head. And I think we’re seeing this play out more and more in real time at higher levels. Just last night, Gavin Newsom basically threatened to walk away from the Governors Association, which has been around for more than a hundred years. And JB Pritzker kind of did the same. They’re saying, “If you’re going to send troops into our state over our objections, in ways that we think are against the law, then we’re not going to be aligned with you in this compact of governors anymore.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So once you start looking around for signs that there’s a grand reconsideration happening, you’ll see it everywhere.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Jon, tell us about the kind of legal infrastructure that’s in place here. Going all the way back, but also in the last twenty years — it feels like there’s been a new set of decisions and a new set of understandings in red states about how to resist federal government power that maybe now can be put in play for blue states?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I think it’s helpful to frame it that way, because it also points to one of the big challenges. Resistance and noncompliance are a lot easier when you’re not engaged in constructive state-building, when you’re not interested in ensuring that your institutions are well-funded, well-supported, and serving your community.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Obstruction — withdrawing from the governors’ union, or pulling back from cooperative federalism arrangements like healthcare or disability insurance — that’s fairly easy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Trying to build an alternate infrastructure of support — for our universities, for under-resourced populations — that’s the challenge, and it speaks to the asymmetry here. When states have been noncompliant in the past, they were just putting their foot on the brake. Now, blue states are trying to put their foot on the brake, jump out of the car, and run uphill on their own power.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s why this infrastructure has to be built largely anew. It’s not impossible, but it’s different.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. Where my mind goes is the pandemic-era pacts, right? Those had flowered early in the pandemic. But did they actually get things done?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I think they did start to fall apart along the politics of various states and cities. But we are seeing new alliances, confederations — whatever you want to call them. The western states, along with Hawaii, have joined into a vaccine alliance. New England has done the same.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But I also want to point to a deeper issue: high-population states, California in particular. California has 67 times the population of Wyoming, but the same number of senators. Donald Trump would not be invading blue cities and blue states if there were no Electoral College. He would not risk alienating voters in those states, regardless of political persuasion, because there are just too many people.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’re seeing some anti-democratic structures, built into the Constitution to appease slave states, become more and more anti-democratic. The unbalanced nature of that has only gotten worse over time. That’s a deeper problem coming to the fore.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> People may remember over the years, there have been attempts to turn California into more than one state. There was the “Six Californias” ballot initiative in 2013, and variations of that afterward, but none of them made it forward. What you’re suggesting is not this, right?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Clara Jeffrey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I’m suggesting that people are starting to look at ways to both counter Trump policies and aggressions they see as unlawful and unfair, while also confronting the broader sense that the Senate and the Electoral College — particularly in combination — are deeply undemocratic.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> You know, David writes: “This is political pornography for me. I love the idea of California seceding. I’d like to hear a practical step-by-step of how this could happen rather than just pie in the sky.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">David, we’re not going to talk about literal secession, but about building alternative infrastructures of governance. Jon, this is your work. What does that look like?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jon Michaels:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> We could talk about practical policies. One component is collective will: focusing attention on reshaping our states, or clusters of states, so they remain resilient during economic deprivation — like when the federal government cuts funding.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another is preserving and maintaining our resources so they’re not used for punitive purposes — like deploying National Guard men and women against our own residents.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If there’s real commitment here, we could start to build that alternative infrastructure. And to be clear, we’re not talking about going to the gun shop. This is what states can do constructively.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> We’re talking with Jon Michaels, professor of law at UCLA School of Law and adviser to the dean on civic engagement. We’ve also got Clara Jeffrey, editor in chief of \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and the Center for Investigative Reporting. Her new piece in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mother Jones\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is “It’s Time for a Soft Secession.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’ll be back with more on the nuts and bolts of “soft secession” when we return.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101911494/is-it-time-for-california-to-consider-a-soft-secession",
"authors": [
"11757"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"tags": [
"forum_1684"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101911503",
"label": "forum"
},
"forum_2010101911272": {
"type": "posts",
"id": "forum_2010101911272",
"meta": {
"index": "posts_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "2010101911272",
"score": null,
"sort": [
1758124800000
]
},
"guestAuthors": [],
"slug": "how-bruce-lee-helped-shape-asian-american-culture",
"title": "How Bruce Lee Helped Shape Asian American Culture",
"publishDate": 1758063567,
"format": "audio",
"headTitle": "How Bruce Lee Helped Shape Asian American Culture | KQED",
"labelTerm": {
"site": "forum"
},
"content": "\u003ch2>Airdate: Wednesday, September 17 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Forum is now on YouTube. Subscribe to the KQED News YouTube channel and watch the full interview.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Journalist Jeff Chang contends that Bruce Lee, the famed actor and martial arts specialist, is the “most famous person in the world about whom so little is known.” In his new biography of Lee, “Water Mirror Echo,” Chang charts Lee’s rise as an action star and his impact on the creation of Asian American culture. We’ll talk to Chang about his book and about Bruce Lee’s special history in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/8kQ0oR7r0Dw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"114\" data-end=\"545\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"114\" data-end=\"134\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"146\" data-end=\"153\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Alexis Madrigal. Jeff Chang’s new book, \u003cem data-start=\"199\" data-end=\"221\">Water, Mirror, Echo,\u003c/em> is a once-in-a-lifetime endeavor. Working from Bruce Lee’s diaries, letters, and other archival materials, as well as newly translated documents from Hong Kong and much other research, Chang builds a careful portrait of a man and his times — in contrast to the more mythological treatments his fans are prone to give him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"918\">The book is meaty, and it’s as rich for Bruce Lee stalwarts as it is for people like, admittedly, myself, who have a more passing knowledge of the martial artist and actor. Jeff Chang, of course, is also the author of many other books, including \u003cem data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"855\">Can’t Stop, Won’t Stop: A History of the Hip Hop Generation.\u003c/em> And Jeff Chang joins us in the studio this morning. Welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"983\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"935\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It’s great to see you. It’s great to be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1125\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1005\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Yeah, great to have you. Let’s talk a little bit about the title of the book — \u003cem data-start=\"1085\" data-end=\"1107\">Water, Mirror, Echo.\u003c/em> Why that title?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1541\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1142\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Of course, Bruce’s most famous line is, “Be like water, my friend.” In the process of going through his papers and notes, there’s a book called \u003cem data-start=\"1287\" data-end=\"1313\">The Tao of Jeet Kune Do.\u003c/em> In it were the original lines he had copied from a Chinese philosophy book when he was young, probably eighteen, nineteen, or twenty. The full lines are: “Moving, be like water. Still, be like a mirror. Respond like an echo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1543\" data-end=\"1800\">That just knocked me out. You know when you read something and then have to put the book down and walk around for twenty minutes? It was like that. And as I went through his notes, I could verify that he came back to these three lines throughout his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1802\" data-end=\"2296\">It became a way to structure the story — to think about his life and how to tell it. But also, because Bruce died so prematurely, he was able to inculcate this idea of being like water, being adaptable, being elusive in a fight. He never got to really experience what it would mean to be still like a mirror or to respond like an echo. That happens after his life. He becomes a mirror for millions of people around the world, across multiple generations. And his words continue to echo today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2491\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2318\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> That’s beautiful. Let’s talk about Bruce Lee. We can claim him as a native San Franciscan. He’s born in San Francisco in 1940. Why were his parents in San Francisco then?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2493\" data-end=\"2741\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2493\" data-end=\"2508\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> His parents had come to raise money for the Chinese nationalists to defend China against Japanese imperialism and the war raging across China in the 1930s. They were also thinking about what it would mean if Hong Kong got invaded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"3032\">Bruce’s dad was a very famous comedian in Cantonese opera. During times of war, people aren’t going to entertainment, so they were offered a chance to come to San Francisco and then tour the U.S. While they were here, his mom got pregnant. Bruce was born in the Chinese Hospital in 1940.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3034\" data-end=\"3160\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3034\" data-end=\"3054\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Wow. That’s a huge deal. Opera in Chinatown at that time was a massive part of Chinese life in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3162\" data-end=\"3522\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3162\" data-end=\"3177\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Yes, and the other important part is that because he’s born in the U.S., he is a U.S. citizen — birthright citizenship. Under today’s debased language around immigration, he’d be called an “anchor baby.” Later in his life, he joked to the press, “Maybe my dad had me in the U.S. by design, or maybe it was just an accident. We’ll never know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3524\" data-end=\"3919\">I don’t think his parents intended to have another kid. The Chinese Exclusion Act was still in place. Bruce wouldn’t have been able to go anywhere outside of Chinatown. Even when his parents came in, they had to go through Angel Island and endure humiliations. So it’s very unlikely they were trying to move to the U.S. But that American citizenship becomes really important later in his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3921\" data-end=\"4063\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3921\" data-end=\"3941\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> But he’s not raised here, right? They’re just on tour. He ends up back in Hong Kong and enters into a brutal situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4065\" data-end=\"4372\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4065\" data-end=\"4080\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Yes, he’s a war child. The Japanese invade Hong Kong on December 8, around the same time as Pearl Harbor. Suddenly Hong Kong is thrown into war and starvation. His father had to work for bags of rice. Bruce nearly starved to death. Many of his young peers and babies around him were dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4374\" data-end=\"4476\">It’s hard to imagine, when you see Bruce so yoked and invulnerable, that he almost starved to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4687\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4498\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> And the postwar period in Hong Kong is also wild. It doesn’t just return to peace and tranquility. There are waves of migrants, and as you describe in the book, a lot of street fighting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4689\" data-end=\"4808\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4689\" data-end=\"4704\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Yes. When I looked into it, I thought, “Wow, this sounds a lot like the Bronx in the 1960s and ’70s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4810\" data-end=\"4859\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4810\" data-end=\"4830\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> From your work on hip hop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4861\" data-end=\"5170\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4861\" data-end=\"4876\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Exactly. The Chinese Civil War ends in 1949, the communists come into power, and refugees pour into Hong Kong — overwhelmingly young people. There’s no housing, the British colonial administration doesn’t care, so they set up shanties and tin huts on hillsides. Fires break out all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5172\" data-end=\"5226\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5172\" data-end=\"5192\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Really is the Bronx is burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5228\" data-end=\"5534\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5228\" data-end=\"5243\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It is. And in the middle of all this, kids study different kung fu styles, form cliques, and an elaborate fight culture develops. Bruce loved that. He had kind of a bloodlust and studied Wing Chun. He’d get into fights with students of other schools — Choy Li Fut, Eagle Claw, and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5536\" data-end=\"5716\">Fast forward to the 1960s when kung fu movies explode out of Hong Kong: these are the kids who grew up in this culture, now putting on costumes and doing it in front of a camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5718\" data-end=\"5798\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5718\" data-end=\"5738\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Pretending it’s a long time ago, as opposed to yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5800\" data-end=\"5903\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5800\" data-end=\"5815\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Exactly — “Is your style better than my style? We’ll find out.” That was the culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5905\" data-end=\"6209\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5905\" data-end=\"5925\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> That was such a revelation to me — that there was a material basis for kung fu movies. Just wild. We’re talking with writer Jeff Chang about his new book, \u003cem data-start=\"6081\" data-end=\"6103\">Water, Mirror, Echo.\u003c/em> It’s about Bruce Lee — film star, martial arts expert, and icon — and how he helped make Asian America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6211\" data-end=\"6370\">Jeff Chang is the author of many other books, including \u003cem data-start=\"6267\" data-end=\"6329\">Can’t Stop, Won’t Stop: A History of the Hip Hop Generation,\u003c/em> \u003cem data-start=\"6330\" data-end=\"6342\">Who We Be,\u003c/em> and \u003cem data-start=\"6347\" data-end=\"6368\">We Gon’ Be Alright.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6372\" data-end=\"6649\">We want to hear from you. How has Bruce Lee influenced or impacted your life? Maybe you knew Bruce Lee in Oakland or ran into him in San Francisco. Do you have a Bruce Lee story to share? Give us a call at 866-733-6786. That’s 866-733-6786. You can also email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"6632\" data-end=\"6646\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6651\" data-end=\"6766\">Real quick, Jeff — did you feel an enormous responsibility writing this book? Taking on Bruce Lee feels so tough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6768\" data-end=\"7027\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6768\" data-end=\"6783\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> I did. A friend of mine who made the movie \u003cem data-start=\"6827\" data-end=\"6837\">Be Water\u003c/em> reminded me: for the public, Bruce Lee’s life and the Lee family’s lives are a spectacle. But for the family, these are flesh-and-blood people — a father who’s gone, a brother who’s gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7029\" data-end=\"7091\">So I did feel a deep responsibility to represent that truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7093\" data-end=\"7178\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7093\" data-end=\"7113\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> We’ll be back with more from Jeff Chang right after the break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
"blocks": [],
"excerpt": "We talk about Bruce Lee's rise as an action star, his impact on the creation of Asian American culture and his special history in the Bay Area.",
"status": "publish",
"parent": 0,
"modified": 1761929195,
"stats": {
"hasAudio": false,
"hasVideo": false,
"hasChartOrMap": false,
"iframeSrcs": [],
"hasGoogleForm": false,
"hasGallery": false,
"hasHearkenModule": false,
"hasPolis": false,
"paragraphCount": 5,
"wordCount": 1490
},
"headData": {
"title": "How Bruce Lee Helped Shape Asian American Culture | KQED",
"description": "We talk about Bruce Lee's rise as an action star, his impact on the creation of Asian American culture and his special history in the Bay Area.",
"ogTitle": "",
"ogDescription": "",
"ogImgId": "",
"twTitle": "",
"twDescription": "",
"twImgId": "",
"schema": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"headline": "How Bruce Lee Helped Shape Asian American Culture",
"datePublished": "2025-09-16T15:59:27-07:00",
"dateModified": "2025-10-31T09:46:35-07:00",
"image": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"
}
},
"primaryCategory": {
"termId": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"name": "Podcast"
},
"audioUrl": "https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC6182545897.mp3?updated=1758137876",
"airdate": 1758124800,
"forumGuests": [
{
"name": "Jeff Chang",
"bio": "\"Water Mirror Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian America\" - Chang is also the author of \"We Gon' Be Alright: Notes on Race and Resegregation,\" \"Who We Be: The Colorization of America\" and \"Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation\""
}
],
"sticky": false,
"templateType": "standard",
"featuredImageType": "standard",
"excludeFromSiteSearch": "Include",
"articleAge": "0",
"path": "/forum/2010101911272/how-bruce-lee-helped-shape-asian-american-culture",
"audioTrackLength": null,
"parsedContent": [
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003ch2>Airdate: Wednesday, September 17 at 9AM\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Forum is now on YouTube. Subscribe to the KQED News YouTube channel and watch the full interview.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Journalist Jeff Chang contends that Bruce Lee, the famed actor and martial arts specialist, is the “most famous person in the world about whom so little is known.” In his new biography of Lee, “Water Mirror Echo,” Chang charts Lee’s rise as an action star and his impact on the creation of Asian American culture. We’ll talk to Chang about his book and about Bruce Lee’s special history in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/8kQ0oR7r0Dw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/8kQ0oR7r0Dw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "fullwidth"
},
"numeric": [
"fullwidth"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>This partial transcript was computer-generated. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"114\" data-end=\"545\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"114\" data-end=\"134\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Welcome to \u003cem data-start=\"146\" data-end=\"153\">Forum\u003c/em>. I’m Alexis Madrigal. Jeff Chang’s new book, \u003cem data-start=\"199\" data-end=\"221\">Water, Mirror, Echo,\u003c/em> is a once-in-a-lifetime endeavor. Working from Bruce Lee’s diaries, letters, and other archival materials, as well as newly translated documents from Hong Kong and much other research, Chang builds a careful portrait of a man and his times — in contrast to the more mythological treatments his fans are prone to give him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"547\" data-end=\"918\">The book is meaty, and it’s as rich for Bruce Lee stalwarts as it is for people like, admittedly, myself, who have a more passing knowledge of the martial artist and actor. Jeff Chang, of course, is also the author of many other books, including \u003cem data-start=\"793\" data-end=\"855\">Can’t Stop, Won’t Stop: A History of the Hip Hop Generation.\u003c/em> And Jeff Chang joins us in the studio this morning. Welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"983\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"920\" data-end=\"935\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It’s great to see you. It’s great to be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1125\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"985\" data-end=\"1005\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Yeah, great to have you. Let’s talk a little bit about the title of the book — \u003cem data-start=\"1085\" data-end=\"1107\">Water, Mirror, Echo.\u003c/em> Why that title?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1541\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"1127\" data-end=\"1142\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Of course, Bruce’s most famous line is, “Be like water, my friend.” In the process of going through his papers and notes, there’s a book called \u003cem data-start=\"1287\" data-end=\"1313\">The Tao of Jeet Kune Do.\u003c/em> In it were the original lines he had copied from a Chinese philosophy book when he was young, probably eighteen, nineteen, or twenty. The full lines are: “Moving, be like water. Still, be like a mirror. Respond like an echo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1543\" data-end=\"1800\">That just knocked me out. You know when you read something and then have to put the book down and walk around for twenty minutes? It was like that. And as I went through his notes, I could verify that he came back to these three lines throughout his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"1802\" data-end=\"2296\">It became a way to structure the story — to think about his life and how to tell it. But also, because Bruce died so prematurely, he was able to inculcate this idea of being like water, being adaptable, being elusive in a fight. He never got to really experience what it would mean to be still like a mirror or to respond like an echo. That happens after his life. He becomes a mirror for millions of people around the world, across multiple generations. And his words continue to echo today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2491\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2318\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> That’s beautiful. Let’s talk about Bruce Lee. We can claim him as a native San Franciscan. He’s born in San Francisco in 1940. Why were his parents in San Francisco then?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2493\" data-end=\"2741\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"2493\" data-end=\"2508\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> His parents had come to raise money for the Chinese nationalists to defend China against Japanese imperialism and the war raging across China in the 1930s. They were also thinking about what it would mean if Hong Kong got invaded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"2743\" data-end=\"3032\">Bruce’s dad was a very famous comedian in Cantonese opera. During times of war, people aren’t going to entertainment, so they were offered a chance to come to San Francisco and then tour the U.S. While they were here, his mom got pregnant. Bruce was born in the Chinese Hospital in 1940.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3034\" data-end=\"3160\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3034\" data-end=\"3054\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Wow. That’s a huge deal. Opera in Chinatown at that time was a massive part of Chinese life in America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3162\" data-end=\"3522\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3162\" data-end=\"3177\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Yes, and the other important part is that because he’s born in the U.S., he is a U.S. citizen — birthright citizenship. Under today’s debased language around immigration, he’d be called an “anchor baby.” Later in his life, he joked to the press, “Maybe my dad had me in the U.S. by design, or maybe it was just an accident. We’ll never know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3524\" data-end=\"3919\">I don’t think his parents intended to have another kid. The Chinese Exclusion Act was still in place. Bruce wouldn’t have been able to go anywhere outside of Chinatown. Even when his parents came in, they had to go through Angel Island and endure humiliations. So it’s very unlikely they were trying to move to the U.S. But that American citizenship becomes really important later in his life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"3921\" data-end=\"4063\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"3921\" data-end=\"3941\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> But he’s not raised here, right? They’re just on tour. He ends up back in Hong Kong and enters into a brutal situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4065\" data-end=\"4372\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4065\" data-end=\"4080\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Yes, he’s a war child. The Japanese invade Hong Kong on December 8, around the same time as Pearl Harbor. Suddenly Hong Kong is thrown into war and starvation. His father had to work for bags of rice. Bruce nearly starved to death. Many of his young peers and babies around him were dying.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4374\" data-end=\"4476\">It’s hard to imagine, when you see Bruce so yoked and invulnerable, that he almost starved to death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4687\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4498\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> And the postwar period in Hong Kong is also wild. It doesn’t just return to peace and tranquility. There are waves of migrants, and as you describe in the book, a lot of street fighting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4689\" data-end=\"4808\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4689\" data-end=\"4704\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Yes. When I looked into it, I thought, “Wow, this sounds a lot like the Bronx in the 1960s and ’70s.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4810\" data-end=\"4859\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4810\" data-end=\"4830\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> From your work on hip hop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"4861\" data-end=\"5170\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"4861\" data-end=\"4876\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Exactly. The Chinese Civil War ends in 1949, the communists come into power, and refugees pour into Hong Kong — overwhelmingly young people. There’s no housing, the British colonial administration doesn’t care, so they set up shanties and tin huts on hillsides. Fires break out all the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5172\" data-end=\"5226\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5172\" data-end=\"5192\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Really is the Bronx is burning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5228\" data-end=\"5534\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5228\" data-end=\"5243\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It is. And in the middle of all this, kids study different kung fu styles, form cliques, and an elaborate fight culture develops. Bruce loved that. He had kind of a bloodlust and studied Wing Chun. He’d get into fights with students of other schools — Choy Li Fut, Eagle Claw, and others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5536\" data-end=\"5716\">Fast forward to the 1960s when kung fu movies explode out of Hong Kong: these are the kids who grew up in this culture, now putting on costumes and doing it in front of a camera.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5718\" data-end=\"5798\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5718\" data-end=\"5738\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> Pretending it’s a long time ago, as opposed to yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5800\" data-end=\"5903\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5800\" data-end=\"5815\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> Exactly — “Is your style better than my style? We’ll find out.” That was the culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"5905\" data-end=\"6209\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"5905\" data-end=\"5925\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> That was such a revelation to me — that there was a material basis for kung fu movies. Just wild. We’re talking with writer Jeff Chang about his new book, \u003cem data-start=\"6081\" data-end=\"6103\">Water, Mirror, Echo.\u003c/em> It’s about Bruce Lee — film star, martial arts expert, and icon — and how he helped make Asian America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6211\" data-end=\"6370\">Jeff Chang is the author of many other books, including \u003cem data-start=\"6267\" data-end=\"6329\">Can’t Stop, Won’t Stop: A History of the Hip Hop Generation,\u003c/em> \u003cem data-start=\"6330\" data-end=\"6342\">Who We Be,\u003c/em> and \u003cem data-start=\"6347\" data-end=\"6368\">We Gon’ Be Alright.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6372\" data-end=\"6649\">We want to hear from you. How has Bruce Lee influenced or impacted your life? Maybe you knew Bruce Lee in Oakland or ran into him in San Francisco. Do you have a Bruce Lee story to share? Give us a call at 866-733-6786. That’s 866-733-6786. You can also email \u003ca class=\"decorated-link cursor-pointer\" rel=\"noopener\" data-start=\"6632\" data-end=\"6646\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6651\" data-end=\"6766\">Real quick, Jeff — did you feel an enormous responsibility writing this book? Taking on Bruce Lee feels so tough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"6768\" data-end=\"7027\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"6768\" data-end=\"6783\">Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> I did. A friend of mine who made the movie \u003cem data-start=\"6827\" data-end=\"6837\">Be Water\u003c/em> reminded me: for the public, Bruce Lee’s life and the Lee family’s lives are a spectacle. But for the family, these are flesh-and-blood people — a father who’s gone, a brother who’s gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7029\" data-end=\"7091\">So I did feel a deep responsibility to represent that truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp data-start=\"7093\" data-end=\"7178\">\u003cstrong data-start=\"7093\" data-end=\"7113\">Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> We’ll be back with more from Jeff Chang right after the break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
},
{
"type": "component",
"content": "",
"name": "ad",
"attributes": {
"named": {
"label": "floatright"
},
"numeric": [
"floatright"
]
}
},
{
"type": "contentString",
"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
"attributes": {
"named": {},
"numeric": []
}
}
],
"link": "/forum/2010101911272/how-bruce-lee-helped-shape-asian-american-culture",
"authors": [
"11757"
],
"categories": [
"forum_1623"
],
"tags": [
"forum_1684"
],
"featImg": "forum_2010101911273",
"label": "forum"
}
},
"programsReducer": {
"all-things-considered": {
"id": "all-things-considered",
"title": "All Things Considered",
"info": "Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/all-things-considered"
},
"american-suburb-podcast": {
"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 19
},
"link": "/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"
}
},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Bay Curious",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/news/series/baycurious",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 3
},
"link": "/podcasts/baycurious",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/9a90d476-aa04-455d-9a4c-0871ed6216d4/bay-curious",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"
}
},
"bbc-world-service": {
"id": "bbc-world-service",
"title": "BBC World Service",
"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "BBC World Service"
},
"link": "/radio/program/bbc-world-service",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
"rss": "https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"
}
},
"californiareport": {
"id": "californiareport",
"title": "The California Report",
"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
"link": "/californiareport",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1MDAyODE4NTgz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"
}
},
"californiareportmagazine": {
"id": "californiareportmagazine",
"title": "The California Report Magazine",
"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The California Report Magazine",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareportmagazine",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/californiareportmagazine",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"
}
},
"city-arts": {
"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.cityarts.net/",
"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
"subscribe": {
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/",
"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
"title": "Close All Tabs",
"tagline": "Your irreverent guide to the trends redefining our world",
"info": "Close All Tabs breaks down how digital culture shapes our world through thoughtful insights and irreverent humor.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/CAT_2_Tile-scaled.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Close All Tabs",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 1
},
"link": "/podcasts/closealltabs",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/close-all-tabs/id214663465",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC6993880386",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/92d9d4ac-67a3-4eed-b10a-fb45d45b1ef2/close-all-tabs",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/6LAJFHnGK1pYXYzv6SIol6?si=deb0cae19813417c"
}
},
"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
}
},
"commonwealth-club": {
"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
"forum": {
"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/forum",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
"link": "/forum",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"
}
},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
}
},
"here-and-now": {
"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
"airtime": "MON-THU 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/here-and-now",
"subsdcribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
}
},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
}
},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/hyphenaci%C3%B3n/id1191591838",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
"youtube": "https://www.youtube.com/c/kqedarts",
"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
}
},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/",
"tuneIn": "http://tun.in/pjGcK",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9zZXJpZXMvamVycnlicm93bi9mZWVkL3BvZGNhc3Qv"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"
}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Perspectives",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5Nzk2MzI2MTEx",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"
}
},
"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
}
},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "PRI"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pri-the-world",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/",
"rss": "http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"
}
},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
"airtime": "SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/radiolab",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/",
"rss": "https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"
}
},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
}
},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"
}
},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
"airtime": "FRI 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/science-friday",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"
}
},
"snap-judgment": {
"id": "snap-judgment",
"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
"airtime": "SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Snap Judgment",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 4
},
"link": "https://snapjudgment.org",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/snap-judgment/id283657561",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/449018144/snap-judgment",
"stitcher": "https://www.pandora.com/podcast/snap-judgment/PC:241?source=stitcher-sunset",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3Cct7ZWmxHNAtLgBTqjC5v",
"rss": "https://snap.feed.snapjudgment.org/"
}
},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/soldout",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/soldout",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing",
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america",
"tunein": "https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vc29sZG91dA"
}
},
"spooked": {
"id": "spooked",
"title": "Spooked",
"tagline": "True-life supernatural stories",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Spooked-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Spooked",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 7
},
"link": "https://spookedpodcast.org/",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/spooked/id1279361017",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/549547848/snap-judgment-presents-spooked",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/76571Rfl3m7PLJQZKQIGCT",
"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/TBotaapn"
}
},
"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
"airtime": "FRI 10pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://technation.podomatic.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "science",
"source": "Tech Nation Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tech-nation",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"
}
},
"ted-radio-hour": {
"id": "ted-radio-hour",
"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/ted-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"
}
},
"thebay": {
"id": "thebay",
"title": "The Bay",
"tagline": "Local news to keep you rooted",
"info": "Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Bay",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/thebay",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 2
},
"link": "/podcasts/thebay",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM4MjU5Nzg2MzI3",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"
}
},
"thelatest": {
"id": "thelatest",
"title": "The Latest",
"tagline": "Trusted local news in real time",
"info": "",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/The-Latest-2025-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Latest",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/thelatest",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 6
},
"link": "/thelatest",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-latest-from-kqed/id1197721799",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/1257949365/the-latest-from-k-q-e-d",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/5KIIXMgM9GTi5AepwOYvIZ?si=bd3053fec7244dba",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9137121918"
}
},
"theleap": {
"id": "theleap",
"title": "The Leap",
"tagline": "What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?",
"info": "Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Leap",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/theleap",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
"link": "/podcasts/theleap",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM0NTcwODQ2MjY2",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap",
"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"
}
},
"the-moth-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-moth-radio-hour",
"title": "The Moth Radio Hour",
"info": "Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.",
"airtime": "SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://themoth.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "prx"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/",
"rss": "http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"
}
},
"the-new-yorker-radio-hour": {
"id": "the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"title": "The New Yorker Radio Hour",
"info": "The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.",
"airtime": "SAT 10am-11am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"
}
},
"the-sam-sanders-show": {
"id": "the-sam-sanders-show",
"title": "The Sam Sanders Show",
"info": "One of public radio's most dynamic voices, Sam Sanders helped launch The NPR Politics Podcast and hosted NPR's hit show It's Been A Minute. Now, the award-winning host returns with something brand new, The Sam Sanders Show. Every week, Sam Sanders and friends dig into the culture that shapes our lives: what's driving the biggest trends, how artists really think, and even the memes you can't stop scrolling past. Sam is beloved for his way of unpacking the world and bringing you up close to fresh currents and engaging conversations. The Sam Sanders Show is smart, funny and always a good time.",
"airtime": "FRI 12-1pm AND SAT 11am-12pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/11/The-Sam-Sanders-Show-Podcast-Tile-400x400-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "KCRW"
},
"link": "https://www.kcrw.com/shows/the-sam-sanders-show/latest",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feed.cdnstream1.com/zjb/feed/download/ac/28/59/ac28594c-e1d0-4231-8728-61865cdc80e8.xml"
}
},
"the-splendid-table": {
"id": "the-splendid-table",
"title": "The Splendid Table",
"info": "\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.splendidtable.org/",
"airtime": "SUN 10-11 pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/the-splendid-table"
},
"this-american-life": {
"id": "this-american-life",
"title": "This American Life",
"info": "This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.",
"airtime": "SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wbez"
},
"link": "/radio/program/this-american-life",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"rss": "https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"
}
},
"tinydeskradio": {
"id": "tinydeskradio",
"title": "Tiny Desk Radio",
"info": "We're bringing the best of Tiny Desk to the airwaves, only on public radio.",
"airtime": "SUN 8pm and SAT 9pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/300x300-For-Member-Station-Logo-Tiny-Desk-Radio-@2x.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/g-s1-52030/tiny-desk-radio",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/tinydeskradio",
"subscribe": {
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/g-s1-52030/rss.xml"
}
},
"wait-wait-dont-tell-me": {
"id": "wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"title": "Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!",
"info": "Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.",
"airtime": "SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"
}
},
"weekend-edition-saturday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-saturday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Saturday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.",
"airtime": "SAT 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"
},
"weekend-edition-sunday": {
"id": "weekend-edition-sunday",
"title": "Weekend Edition Sunday",
"info": "Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.",
"airtime": "SUN 5am-10am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"
}
},
"racesReducer": {},
"racesGenElectionReducer": {},
"radioSchedulesReducer": {},
"listsReducer": {
"posts/forum?&queryId=74dbff9356": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 0,
"postsToRender": 3
},
"tag": null,
"vitalsOnly": true,
"totalRequested": 3,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 10000,
"relation": "gte"
},
"items": [
"forum_2010101913708",
"forum_2010101913711",
"forum_2010101913690"
]
},
"posts/forum?series=in-search-of-home&queryId=1239bb51696": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 0,
"postsToRender": 3
},
"tag": null,
"vitalsOnly": true,
"totalRequested": 3,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 4,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"forum_2010101911792",
"forum_2010101911606",
"forum_2010101911397"
]
},
"posts/forum?tag=forum-on-youtube&queryId=11c735ea8b5": {
"isFetching": false,
"latestQuery": {
"from": 0,
"postsToRender": 3
},
"tag": null,
"vitalsOnly": true,
"totalRequested": 3,
"isLoading": false,
"isLoadingMore": true,
"total": {
"value": 29,
"relation": "eq"
},
"items": [
"forum_2010101911674",
"forum_2010101911494",
"forum_2010101911272"
]
}
},
"recallGuideReducer": {
"intros": {},
"policy": {},
"candidates": {}
},
"savedArticleReducer": {
"articles": [],
"status": {}
},
"pfsSessionReducer": {},
"subscriptionsReducer": {},
"termsReducer": {
"about": {
"name": "About",
"type": "terms",
"id": "about",
"slug": "about",
"link": "/about",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"arts": {
"name": "Arts & Culture",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"description": "KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "arts",
"slug": "arts",
"link": "/arts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"artschool": {
"name": "Art School",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "artschool",
"slug": "artschool",
"link": "/artschool",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareabites": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareabites",
"slug": "bayareabites",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"bayareahiphop": {
"name": "Bay Area Hiphop",
"type": "terms",
"id": "bayareahiphop",
"slug": "bayareahiphop",
"link": "/bayareahiphop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"campaign21": {
"name": "Campaign 21",
"type": "terms",
"id": "campaign21",
"slug": "campaign21",
"link": "/campaign21",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"checkplease": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "checkplease",
"slug": "checkplease",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"education": {
"name": "Education",
"grouping": [
"education"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "education",
"slug": "education",
"link": "/education",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"elections": {
"name": "Elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "elections",
"slug": "elections",
"link": "/elections",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"events": {
"name": "Events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "events",
"slug": "events",
"link": "/events",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"event": {
"name": "Event",
"alias": "events",
"type": "terms",
"id": "event",
"slug": "event",
"link": "/event",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"filmschoolshorts": {
"name": "Film School Shorts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "filmschoolshorts",
"slug": "filmschoolshorts",
"link": "/filmschoolshorts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"food": {
"name": "KQED food",
"grouping": [
"food",
"bayareabites",
"checkplease"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "food",
"slug": "food",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum": {
"name": "Forum",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/forum?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum",
"slug": "forum",
"link": "/forum",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"futureofyou": {
"name": "Future of You",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "futureofyou",
"slug": "futureofyou",
"link": "/futureofyou",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"jpepinheart": {
"name": "KQED food",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease",
"parent": "food",
"type": "terms",
"id": "jpepinheart",
"slug": "jpepinheart",
"link": "/food",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"liveblog": {
"name": "Live Blog",
"type": "terms",
"id": "liveblog",
"slug": "liveblog",
"link": "/liveblog",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"livetv": {
"name": "Live TV",
"parent": "tv",
"type": "terms",
"id": "livetv",
"slug": "livetv",
"link": "/livetv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"lowdown": {
"name": "The Lowdown",
"relatedContentQuery": "posts/lowdown?",
"parent": "news",
"type": "terms",
"id": "lowdown",
"slug": "lowdown",
"link": "/lowdown",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"mindshift": {
"name": "Mindshift",
"parent": "news",
"description": "MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "mindshift",
"slug": "mindshift",
"link": "/mindshift",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"news": {
"name": "News",
"grouping": [
"news",
"forum"
],
"type": "terms",
"id": "news",
"slug": "news",
"link": "/news",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"perspectives": {
"name": "Perspectives",
"parent": "radio",
"type": "terms",
"id": "perspectives",
"slug": "perspectives",
"link": "/perspectives",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"podcasts": {
"name": "Podcasts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "podcasts",
"slug": "podcasts",
"link": "/podcasts",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pop": {
"name": "Pop",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pop",
"slug": "pop",
"link": "/pop",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"pressroom": {
"name": "Pressroom",
"type": "terms",
"id": "pressroom",
"slug": "pressroom",
"link": "/pressroom",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"quest": {
"name": "Quest",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "quest",
"slug": "quest",
"link": "/quest",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"radio": {
"name": "Radio",
"grouping": [
"forum",
"perspectives"
],
"description": "Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "radio",
"slug": "radio",
"link": "/radio",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"root": {
"name": "KQED",
"image": "https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png",
"imageWidth": 1200,
"imageHeight": 630,
"headData": {
"title": "KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California",
"description": "KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."
},
"type": "terms",
"id": "root",
"slug": "root",
"link": "/root",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"science": {
"name": "Science",
"grouping": [
"science",
"futureofyou"
],
"description": "KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.",
"type": "terms",
"id": "science",
"slug": "science",
"link": "/science",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"stateofhealth": {
"name": "State of Health",
"parent": "science",
"type": "terms",
"id": "stateofhealth",
"slug": "stateofhealth",
"link": "/stateofhealth",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"support": {
"name": "Support",
"type": "terms",
"id": "support",
"slug": "support",
"link": "/support",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"thedolist": {
"name": "The Do List",
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "thedolist",
"slug": "thedolist",
"link": "/thedolist",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"trulyca": {
"name": "Truly CA",
"grouping": [
"arts",
"pop",
"trulyca"
],
"parent": "arts",
"type": "terms",
"id": "trulyca",
"slug": "trulyca",
"link": "/trulyca",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"tv": {
"name": "TV",
"type": "terms",
"id": "tv",
"slug": "tv",
"link": "/tv",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"voterguide": {
"name": "Voter Guide",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "voterguide",
"slug": "voterguide",
"link": "/voterguide",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"guiaelectoral": {
"name": "Guia Electoral",
"parent": "elections",
"alias": "elections",
"type": "terms",
"id": "guiaelectoral",
"slug": "guiaelectoral",
"link": "/guiaelectoral",
"taxonomy": "site"
},
"forum_1623": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1623",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1623",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Podcast",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "category",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Podcast Archives - KQED Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1623,
"slug": "podcast",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/category/podcast"
},
"forum_1644": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1644",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1644",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Criminal Justice",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Criminal Justice Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1644,
"slug": "criminal-justice",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/criminal-justice"
},
"forum_1631": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1631",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1631",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Technology",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Technology Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1631,
"slug": "technology",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/technology"
},
"forum_1632": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1632",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1632",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "News",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "News Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1632,
"slug": "news",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/news"
},
"forum_3": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_3",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "3",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Forum",
"description": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> finds the most interesting stories about where we live and who we are, and charts where our region and world are headed. Hosts Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal invite communities in the Bay Area and California to engage in meaningful conversation in a two-hour live show that informs and challenges listeners with big ideas and different viewpoints.\u003c/p>\r\n\u003cp>At 9 a.m., Alexis gives the mic to the Bay Area, from San Rafael to San Jose, and at 10 a.m. with Mina, the perspective widens to all of California.Want to call/submit your comments during our live \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em> program Mon-Fri, 9am-11am? We'd love to hear from you! Please dial 866.SF.FORUM or \u003cstrong>(866) 733-6786\u003c/strong>, email \u003ca href=\"mailto:forum@kqed.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">forum@kqed.org\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/search?q=%40kqedforum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tweet\u003c/a>, or post on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/KQEDForum/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Facebook\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>",
"taxonomy": "program",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": "Forum finds the most interesting stories about where we live and who we are, and charts where our region and world are headed. Hosts Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal invite communities in the Bay Area and California to engage in meaningful conversation in a two-hour live show that informs and challenges listeners with big ideas and different viewpoints. At 9 a.m., Alexis gives the mic to the Bay Area, from San Rafael to San Jose, and at 10 a.m. with Mina, the perspective widens to all of California.Want to call/submit your comments during our live Forum program Mon-Fri, 9am-11am? We'd love to hear from you! Please dial 866.SF.FORUM or (866) 733-6786, email forum@kqed.org, tweet, or post on Facebook.",
"title": "Forum Archives | KQED Arts",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 3,
"slug": "forum",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/program/forum"
},
"forum_1637": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1637",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1637",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "California",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "California Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1637,
"slug": "california",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/california"
},
"forum_1649": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1649",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1649",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Climate",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Climate Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1649,
"slug": "climate",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/climate"
},
"forum_1636": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1636",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1636",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Science",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Science Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1636,
"slug": "science",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/science"
},
"forum_1688": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1688",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1688",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "In Search of Home",
"slug": "in-search-of-home",
"taxonomy": "series",
"description": "A new series that explores how homelessness happens and what it takes to move people into permanent homes.",
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "In Search of Home - Forum",
"description": "A new series that explores how homelessness happens and what it takes to move people into permanent homes.",
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 1688,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/series/in-search-of-home"
},
"forum_1638": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1638",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1638",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Housing",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Housing Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1638,
"slug": "housing",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/housing"
},
"forum_1684": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1684",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1684",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"name": "Forum on YouTube",
"slug": "forum-on-youtube",
"taxonomy": "tag",
"description": null,
"featImg": null,
"headData": {
"title": "Forum on YouTube - KQED Forum",
"description": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogDescription": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"twDescription": null,
"twImgId": null
},
"ttid": 1684,
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/tag/forum-on-youtube"
},
"forum_1635": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1635",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1635",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Arts and Culture",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Arts and Culture Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1635,
"slug": "arts-and-culture",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/arts-and-culture"
},
"forum_1648": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1648",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1648",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Entertainment",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Entertainment Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1648,
"slug": "entertainment",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/entertainment"
},
"forum_1633": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1633",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1633",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "Local Politics",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "Local Politics Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1633,
"slug": "local-politics",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/local-politics"
},
"forum_1628": {
"type": "terms",
"id": "forum_1628",
"meta": {
"index": "terms_1716263798",
"site": "forum",
"id": "1628",
"found": true
},
"relationships": {},
"featImg": null,
"name": "San Francisco",
"description": null,
"taxonomy": "interest",
"headData": {
"twImgId": null,
"twTitle": null,
"ogTitle": null,
"ogImgId": null,
"twDescription": null,
"description": null,
"title": "San Francisco Archives - Forum",
"ogDescription": null
},
"ttid": 1628,
"slug": "san-francisco",
"isLoading": false,
"link": "/forum/interest/san-francisco"
}
},
"userAgentReducer": {
"userAgent": "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)",
"isBot": true
},
"userPermissionsReducer": {
"wpLoggedIn": false
},
"localStorageReducer": {},
"browserHistoryReducer": [],
"eventsReducer": {},
"fssReducer": {},
"tvDailyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer": {},
"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer": {},
"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer": {},
"userAccountReducer": {
"user": {
"email": null,
"emailStatus": "EMAIL_UNVALIDATED",
"loggedStatus": "LOGGED_OUT",
"loggingChecked": false,
"articles": [],
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"phoneNumber": null,
"fetchingMembership": false,
"membershipError": false,
"memberships": [
{
"id": null,
"startDate": null,
"firstName": null,
"lastName": null,
"familyNumber": null,
"memberNumber": null,
"memberSince": null,
"expirationDate": null,
"pfsEligible": false,
"isSustaining": false,
"membershipLevel": "Prospect",
"membershipStatus": "Non Member",
"lastGiftDate": null,
"renewalDate": null,
"lastDonationAmount": null
}
]
},
"authModal": {
"isOpen": false,
"view": "LANDING_VIEW"
},
"error": null
},
"youthMediaReducer": {},
"checkPleaseReducer": {
"filterData": {
"region": {
"key": "Restaurant Region",
"filters": [
"Any Region"
]
},
"cuisine": {
"key": "Restaurant Cuisine",
"filters": [
"Any Cuisine"
]
}
},
"restaurantDataById": {},
"restaurantIdsSorted": [],
"error": null
},
"location": {
"pathname": "/forum",
"previousPathname": "/"
}
}