Editor’s note: This story is part of That’s My Word, KQED’s year-long exploration of Bay Area hip-hop history, with new content dropping all throughout 2023.
It’s a wintry January evening when Bas-1 brings me to Del the Funky Homosapien’s house in the East Bay. For much of the afternoon, Bas — the Oakland native who’s worked with Digital Underground and released his own solo records — has schooled me on the origins of the Bay Area hip-hop sound.
Bas lists numerous rappers from the ’80s, and not just Todd “Too Short” Shaw, the East Oakland rapper who famously hustled homemade cassette tapes. I’ve never heard most of the names Bas mentions: MC Chocolate Milk, Windell Baby Doll, Davy Def, Buddy Bean, Reggie Reg Rock Ski.ter, M.C. Tracy, Rock Master Fresh, Nic Nack, Kimmie Fresh, and the Acorn Crew with Grandmaster Fresh (a rapper later known as “DJ Daryl” Anderson, famed for producing tracks like 415’s “Side Show” and 2Pac’s “Keep Ya Head Up”).
Many of these early Bay Area rappers never put out a commercially available record. Instead, their work is mostly confined to locally distributed cassette tapes — collectors call them “gray tapes” — that are now nearly impossible to find. They publicly broadcasted these tapes throughout neighborhoods, utilizing boomboxes and car stereos as well as stereos at house parties. “None of them sound like Too Short,” says Bas. “Some of these people didn’t put out recordings, but they were known.”
Throughout the 1980s, Bay Area hip-hop was an artistic movement struggling for a distinct identity. The first half of the decade was defined by street dance and aerosol art as much as rap and DJing. But as local youth began to absorb the sounds emanating from national hotspots like New York, they created a distinctive style all their own — one that would make a global impact in the years to come.
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At Del’s house, Bas queues up an extraordinary live video clip of Mac Mill, Emperor E, and DJ Anthony “K-os” Bryant performing at Festival at the Lake, a now-defunct annual event held at Lake Merritt, in 1988. (Alex “Naru” Reece, who organized the showcase where Mac Mill performed, clarified in a follow-up conversation that it didn’t happen during Festival at the Lake. He also says the showcase was filmed in 1986 for a 1988 video compilation.)
Mac Mill and Emperor E go back and forth, trading sound effects and dense Oakland slang as K-os cuts and scratches copies of Long Island band Original Concept’s deathless bass classic, “Knowledge Me.” Bas praises Mac Mill’s unusual “Arabian” style, which the latter deployed nearly a decade later with the 1995 single “Arabian Hump.”
Then, Bas-1 calls Chris “CJ Flash” Jourdan, an OG who worked with Timex Social Club, the Berkeley teen band whose 1986 electro-funk classic, “Rumors,” represented the first national breakthrough for Bay Area hip-hop culture. As Bas broadcasts CJ Flash’s voice from his phone through Del’s stereo equipment, CJ Flash spends the next hour or so describing a fledging scene where poppers and boogaloo dancers, not rappers or DJs, were the prime attractions.
These ensembles drew from a street-dance tradition that dates back decades. Their kinetic performances ignited crowds at high schools, house parties, and public spaces like Justin Herman Plaza and Union Square in San Francisco and UC Berkeley’s Sproul Plaza. Battles even took place on the street, with crews traveling to different neighborhoods around the region to seek out rivals. “You could meet with people on their turf and get down, and hopefully not get thumped in the process,” says CJ Flash. Many Bay Area hip-hop pioneers got their start in dance crews, including Club Nouveau’s Jay King (who pop-locked with The Unknowns), DJ King Tech (who was known as Wizard, and danced with Master City Breakers), and Flash himself (who performed with UFO).
By contrast, rapping was a relatively new and undeveloped skill, the lowest element on the hip-hop totem pole. “Anybody could rap. Anybody could say a bunch of basic rhyme words with no style and flavor,” says Bas, noting as an aside that “most folks couldn’t understand the lyrics anyway.”
How is a discussion about street dancers connected to an exploration of the Bay Area hip-hop sound? It’s important to understand the conditions under which the genre emerged locally.
Turntables, Casios and Homemade Tapes
As KQED’s Eric Arnold explains in “The Bay Area Was Hip-Hop Before There Was Hip-Hop,” foundational elements such as spoken word, funk, and rhythm & blues existed locally well before New Jersey trio Sugarhill Gang arrived with “Rapper’s Delight” in the fall of 1979.
At the same time, the Bay Area was not the Bronx, where breakbeat culture catalyzed and fermented. Bronx DJs, MCs and B-boys like Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Caz, the Rock Steady Crew and many others gained renown among mid-’70s New York youth long before “Rapper’s Delight.” By contrast, as CJ Flash explains, it took much of the 1980s for Bay Area youth to develop the cadences and rhythms we now associate with modern rap.
Back then, enterprising musicians couldn’t purchase studio software and distribute their own music on an internet platform like Soundcloud. Recording equipment was expensive. An unsigned artist needed the financial and business expertise to manufacture vinyl and cassettes with artwork, much less convince record stores like Leopold’s Records in Berkeley to carry them. (Recordable CD-Rs weren’t widely used until the 1990s.)
This helps explain why so many rappers utilized turntables and Casio keyboards, and then recorded their songs using the microphone input on relatively cheap stereo equipment. Captured on recordable cassettes like Maxell and TDK, some of these “gray tapes” simply had stickers with handwritten titles. More often, they weren’t labeled at all.
In those days, Too Short was an outlier, a Fremont High School student who canvassed East Oakland spots like Arroyo Park, selling copies of “Game Raps” at a few dollars a pop. Since Short was originally from Los Angeles, he relied on rap partner Tony “Freddy B” Adams to show him around the Town. The duo made customized tapes for local drug dealers and players in the city’s nightlife — now known as “special request” tapes — shouting out the customers’ names in their raps.
“Short was a hustler,” says CJ Flash. “He had a style of telling stories that was so outlandish and so funny that word got around.” Short and Freddy B developed the trademark “Biiiiitch!” catchphrase, and Short has often said that he and Freddy B intended to get famous together. Unfortunately, Freddy B was in prison when Short released his landmark “Freaky Tales” tape in 1987. (Adams is now a minister at Mount Calvary Baptist Church in Fairfield.)
Others like Sir Quick Draw, Mac Mill, and Chief Naked Head (later known as Premo; he passed away in January of 2023) simply gave away their tapes or let friends copy or “dub” the originals. As Richmond rapper Magic Mike explained in a recent interview with Dregs One, dubs of his tracks circulated as widely as Germany. “It was more or less trying to make a name for yourself…you had to make a tape,” adds CJ Flash.
Most importantly, Bay Area hip-hop in the ’80s was a primordial soup of youngsters figuring out what the local sound would be. The answers wouldn’t arrive until near the end of the decade. “The Bay Area was behind,” says CJ Flash, comparing it to more advanced regions like Los Angeles, South Florida, and New York. “We never thought about radio.”
‘A Pivotal Moment’
Alex “Naru Kwina” Hence remembers the first time he heard the Sugarhill Gang’s “Rapper’s Delight” as a 14-year-old preparing to attend Oakland High School. “When the song went off, everybody ran outside, like, ‘Did you hear that song?!” he laughs, calling it one of the best moments of his life. “It was a pivotal moment, bro. We literally started rapping the song and trying to remember it.”
Naru called himself Sir Quick Draw, an alias inspired by Hanna-Barbera cartoon Quick Draw McGraw as well as the fact that, as a runner, “I was hella fast.” He took inspiration from Kurtis Blow, the Harlem rapper who scored major hits like 1980’s “The Breaks.” And Naru almost immediately began recording his voice on tape. His first original song was “The Caveman Rap,” which was inspired by Brooklyn rapper Jimmy Spicer’s 1980 single “Adventures of Super Rhyme.” Naru can still recite those verses from memory: Now people come and take a trip in time with me / Back to that sweet year one million B.C.
“I still got that old-school flavor, man,” he admits. “Hip-hop was more fun for me back then.”
But rap in the Bay Area didn’t take off right away. “Most people would rap other people’s songs. They’d just repeat what they heard on the radio,” says Naru. Aspiring MCs honed their craft by congregating at Eastmont Mall, “trying to impress the girls, and getting our names on our derby jackets.” And when Tom Tom Club’s 1981 hit “Genius of Love” dropped? “Everybody rapped over that joint, man. Too many people.”
It’s worth remembering that hip-hop was a phenomenon developed essentially by Black and Brown children. Rapping, pop-locking, spray-painting aerosol art on neighborhood walls, even DJing: These were youthful forms of play and creative expression.
Bas, who grew up in North Oakland, remembers popping and “roboting” at Pier 39 on Fisherman’s Wharf in the late ’70s as a child. “You have people like Ben [James] from Live Incorporated doing pantomime and roboting,” he says, noting one of the better-known dance crews. Dancers competed for attention and tips that they could spend on Snickers bars and arcade games. “Battle-wise, you had to have skill and talent to a certain caliber in order to truly be out on the Wharf or on Market [and Powell] in front of the cable cars,” he says.
Local newspaper stories focused on the emergence of hip-hop as a youth obsession. Enterprising teachers incorporated it into their lesson plans. On high-school campuses, fledgling DJs like Joseph Thomas “G.I. Joe” Simms Jr. at El Cerrito High School and groups like the Devastating Four proliferated. At house parties, mobile DJ crews spun the latest electro, boogie-funk, and rap hits.
Gatherings at schools, churches, and community centers typically reserved a few minutes for fledgling local rap and dance crews to perform. This was also the era of the Reagan Administration’s “Just Say No” campaign, and kids were often asked to help spread an anti-drug message through raps. “Inspired by rapping groups such as Sugar Hill, Run DMC, Jeckyl and Hyde and Mell (sic) and the Furious Five, teen-agers create their own raps mostly for fun and to bring attention to themselves,” read a June 29, 1985, story in the San Francisco Examiner.
In the first half of the decade, street dance remained a focal point. Double Dutch jump-rope competitions sponsored by McDonald’s drew thousands to Lincoln Square Center in Oakland. The San Francisco Street Breakers held a fundraising benefit, “Super Break Sunday,” at San Francisco’s Palace of Fine Arts in 1985.
Ironically, street dance “got played out” after the success of Hollywood movies like Beat Street and Breakin’, and rap music moved to the center of hip-hop culture. Quickening the process were concerts by Black music stars like the Fresh Festival, the first national hip-hop tour, with headliners Run-DMC at the Oakland Coliseum. Local radio tentatively began to experiment with rap, notably KMEL-FM and its mix DJs such as Michael Erickson and the late Cameron Paul.
“By 1985, there was this incredible scene in the South Bay,” says Adisa “The Bishop” Banjoko. As a teen DJ in San Bruno “who looked like Urkel,” he remembers traveling far and wide to buy records, from Creative Music Emporium in San Francisco to T’s Wauzi in Oakland. Meanwhile, nightclubs like Mothers and Studio 47 brought a fusion of hip-hop, freestyle and techno. “San Jose had underage hip-hop teenage clubs, and no other city had those,” he says. (Banjoko later became a rapper, a journalist, and now promotes jiu-jitsu, meditation and chess with his company 64 Blocks.)
Back in Oakland, Naru continued making tapes. “I come from a musical family. My cousin’s the Maestro” — a.k.a. producer Keenan Foster, who has worked with Too Short, Dru Down, and Askari X — “and a lot of my family sings. I got a drum machine, a little Yamaha keyboard. I would play my bass lines. We had double-cassette decks.” He collaborated with Taj “Turntable T” Tilghman, “who was dope on the turntables.” Turntable T eventually bought a Roland TR-808 drum machine, the instrument du jour for def beat MCs. “When that 808 came, that was it. Everyone loved that deck. Boom!”
“Gray tapes” that circulated weren’t the EP and album-length releases we’re familiar with today. Some tapes only had one song per side; or maybe just one song on one side, period. Artists were judged not only by their ability to rap engagingly for several minutes, but also to chop up a familiar beat like Whodini’s “Friends,” transforming it into something fresh and original; or even make rudimentary 808 beats. For example, Too Short drew attention for “rapping the longest,” as Bas explains, leading to songs that lasted eight or nine minutes.
“Those tapes were everywhere. Everyone was trying to see what was possible,” says Banjoko. In 1987, he began making raps under the name MC Most Ill. His first song was “Rhyme Junkie.” “The truth was, some of it was really cool but a lot of it actually also sucked, because [the art form] was brand new. … The quality control was not there.”
On August 18, 1984, the San Francisco Examiner published an article called “Rapping with Too-Short,” the first story on the 18-year-old prodigy. Pacific News Service journalist Anthony Adams called Short’s songs “preacher-like yarns over pre-recorded music,” and noted that one of them was about automaker John DeLorean, whose conviction for cocaine trafficking made national news. Short claimed he and his partner Freddy B sold over 2,000 tapes.
The Chronicle-Examiner also frequently interviewed Dominique “Lady D” DiPrima, a New York transplant and San Francisco State University student who rapped, sung, and organized events. DiPrima possessed a rich family pedigree — her father was the jazz writer Amiri Baraka, her mother the beat poet Diane DiPrima. In late 1984, KRON-TV recruited her to host Home Turf, a Saturday-afternoon program that became appointment viewing for local teens.
“Everyone had a crush on Dominique,” says Naru, giggling.
The First Bay Area Rap Record Opens the Floodgates
One of the under-acknowledged aspects of early hip-hop is the way elder Black musicians shepherded young artists into the recording industry.
The late Sylvia Robinson, who was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2022, initially emerged in the mid-’50s as one-half of Mickey & Sylvia, who scored a national hit with “Love Is Strange.” As a ’70s solo artist and producer, Robinson made slinky, Eartha Kitt-like erotic disco capers such as “Pillow Talk” and “Sweet Stuff.” After discovering hip-hop when she heard DJ Lovebug Starski at a party, Robinson formed Sugar Hill Records, and turned three rapping teens she found in New Jersey into its first act, the Sugarhill Gang.
This process of soul veterans working with young people resulted in independent 12” singles that mirrored — if not yet accurately capturing — the nascent rap sound at a time when big companies virtually ignored it. With his Mercury Records contract, Kurtis Blow was the only act with a major album deal. A handful of other pioneers like DJ Hollywood scored one-off 12” deals.
A similar process played out in the Bay Area.
The first Bay Area rap record is widely considered to be Phil “Motorcycle Mike” Lewis and the Rat Trap Band’s “Super Rat,” a 1981 boogie-funk single notoriously released by East Oakland heroin kingpin Milton “Mickey Mo” Moore’s Hodisk Records. The name “Hodisk” was a cheeky reference to his onetime side business as a pimp. (Moore has since reformed and is now a pastor in West Oakland.) In fact, Mickey Mo boasts in his 1996 autobiography The Man: The Life Story of a Drug Kingpin, “Hodisk Records became the first record company on the West Coast to release a rap record.” (The first L.A. rap record, Disco Daddy and Captain Rapp’s “The Gigolo Rapp,” was also released in 1981.)
Mickey Mo has another claim to rap lore: In 1980, he helped finance an Oakland Coliseum concert headlined by L.A. funk band War, with the Sugarhill Gang as a supporting act. Journalist Lee Hildebrand’s pre-concert interview with the Gang in the Oakland Tribune was the first mention of rap music in the local press. A second funk-rap novelty, Steve Walker’s “Tally Ho!,” also appeared in 1981. In 1983, San Francisco’s Debo & Brian released the electro-funk EP This Is It. The momentum had started.
“I had made this vow that I would never ever do anything having to do with rap,” laughs Claytoven Richardson. During his long career, the Berkeley-born, Oakland-raised Richardson worked with Aretha Franklin, Kenny G, Whitney Houston, Elton John, and Celine Dion. But in the early ’80s, he was best known as a singer, producer, and arranger with hot dancefloor jazz-funk bands like Bill Summers & Summers’ Heat. His anti-rap stance reflected the music industry at large in the 1980s. “Nobody had the foresight to see that it would morph and change and do the things that it’s done,” he says.
Still, Richardson couldn’t avoid the increasingly popular genre when he scored a production deal at Fantasy Records, the onetime Berkeley jazz label also known for innovative acts like Sylvester and Cybotron, as well as one-off singles generated by a “throw it against the wall and see if it sticks” philosophy.
One of the records Richardson produced in that anything-goes environment was Mighty Mouth’s satirical complaint, “I’m All Rapped Out.” (He wasn’t the only one annoyed over rap; perhaps out of wishful thinking, a 1985 San Francisco Chronicle article referred to the “fast-fading hip-hop scene.”) A vocalist named Lawrence Pittman didn’t show up for the session, so Richardson performed the lyrics himself. However, Pittman showed up to rap on Mighty Mouth’s second single, “The Roaches,” which parodied Whodini’s electro hit, “Freaks Come Out at Night.”
Other scattered local raps appeared between 1985 and 1986. Former boogaloo dancer Jay King, just home from a stint in the Air Force and splitting time between Sacramento and Vallejo, formed a group called Frost and released “Battle Beat.” His friends Denzil Foster & Thomas McElroy produced it, as well as another electro-rap track, Sorcerey’s “Woo Baby.” Pittsburg rapper James “Red Beat” Briggs issued “Freak City,” which was later remixed by N.W.A. co-founder Arabian Prince. And there was Rodney “Disco Alamo” Brown, from Richmond, whose 12” “The Task Force” is an early example of Bay Area rap chronicling street life.
Most importantly, Too Short’s rising buzz led to a deal with deep East Oakland entrepreneur Dean Hodges’ 75 Girls label. Released in 1985, the resulting Don’t Stop Rappin’ was the first official album by a local rapper. While fans of a certain age still treasure protean electro-funk tracks like “Girl” — which E-40 referenced on his 1998 hit, “Earl, That’s Yo Life” — the album couldn’t compare to his raunchy and wickedly hilarious “special request” tapes.
It was during this period that Naru finally got his chance in the studio. Since 1984, UC Berkeley station KALX-FM served as home to “Music for the People,” a Sunday-morning community affairs and music show hosted by the late Charles “Natty Prep” Douglass, as well as DJs like Billy “Jam” Kiernan (who also broadcast on San Francisco State University station KUSF-FM), David “Davey D” Cook, and funkster Rickey “The Uhuru Maggot” Vincent. When Naru won a 1986 rap contest hosted by Billy Jam on KALX, he earned a deal with Bay Wave Records, a local imprint distributed by Hollywood-based Macola Records. Richardson was hired to produce the session.
“[Quick Draw] was a great rapper. He had a lot of great lyrics and ideas,” says Richardson. On “Rapaholic,” Richardson and session engineer Michael Denten (who later worked with Spice 1 and E-40) accompanied Quick Draw’s dexterous and energetic raps with sharp-angled percussive edits and sound effects reminiscent of The Art of Noise and Mantronix.
“Respect to Claytoven,” says Naru, who not only continues to make music but also owns a company, Hip Learning, that promotes childhood education with rap. He wasn’t entirely satisfied with the “Rapaholic” experience: “They made the record sound hella more polished. It was [supposed to be] a little more underground than that.” However, he adds, “[Claytoven] taught us a lot in the studio about the mics they use and how to mix. It was a good experience.”
A Radio Breakthrough — And a Kid Named Hammer
As the trajectory of Bay Area hip-hop waxed and waned, three catalyzing moments brought the scene into focus.
The first was an R&B track. Timex Social Club’s “Rumors” captured the pulse of Bay Area youth culture, from Marcus Thompson and Alex Hill’s skittering electro-funk bass and drums to singer Michael Marshall’s distinctly regional accent and coy recitation of schoolyard gossip (“Did you hear the one about Michael? Some say he must be gay…”) Produced by Jay King and Denzil Foster and released on King’s Jay Records in February 1986, it mushroomed into a top ten Billboard pop hit and dominated radio all year.
But by the summer, Timex Social Club was falling apart and trading accusations with King over money and credit. The group’s only album Vicious Rumors — by that point it was just Michael Marshall — featured drum programming from CJ Flash and a shout-out to KALX’s Natty Prep, who helped break “Rumors” on his “Music and Life” show. Marshall retreated from the spotlight before re-emerging as the hook man on the Luniz’ 1995 smash “I Got 5 on It.”
After breaking with Timex Social Club, King formed a group called Jet Set and signed a deal with Warner Bros. Records. The group changed their name to Club Nouveau before debuting with the single “Jealousy.” A follow-up, the Bill Withers cover “Lean on Me,” went to number-one on the Billboard Hot 100, while Club Nouveau’s debut album Life, Love & Pain went platinum.
King’s growing stardom rippled across the Bay and reached Felton Pilate, the Vallejo keyboardist, singer, and producer best known as a driving force in Bay Area funk stars Con Funk Shun. The two had already worked together on King’s onetime rap group Frost; Pilate engineered that record. Pilate soon added one of King’s projects, Sacramento R&B/rap group New Choice, to a growing slate of projects he produced and engineered at his Felstar Studios.
Felstar Studios was the culmination of work he had begun while not touring and rehearsing with Con Funk Shun. At his home studio on Sandpiper Drive in Vallejo, Pilate helped assemble records for fledgling local artists. “I never thought of myself as just a studio,” he says, where he simply records his clients. “I have a little experience here. I’ve got several gold albums. Here, let me pass on some of this knowledge.” When asked if he considered himself a mentor, he demurs, even though that’s arguably what he was.
When Pilate opened Felstar Studios on Sonoma Boulevard, his trusted associate was James Earley, a young engineer whom he credits for adding a more contemporary sensibility to the Studios’ output. Among the locals who came to them were M.V.P., a family trio consisting of Earl Stevens, Danell Stevens, and Brandt Jones. Their 1988 12”, The Kings Men, also included Tanina Stevens and Angela Pressley, who called themselves Sugar ‘N’ Spice. The members of M.V.P. updated their stage names to E-40, D-Shot and B-Legit, added Tanina as Suga T, and evolved into The Click, arguably becoming the most famous rap group to emerge from Vallejo.
In 1986, Pilate and Earley both had solo deals at Berkeley’s Fantasy Records. It was there that Pilate met a former Oakland A’s batboy named Stanley “Holyghost Boy” Burrell through Fantasy Records producer Fred L. Pittman. “Fred would often hire me to do keyboard arrangements for him,” says Pilate. When Pittman asked him to play keys for Holyghost Boy, Pilate responded, “Hey Fred, why don’t you let me take the reins on this?”
As a classically trained jazz and classical musician, Pilate didn’t think much of rap, even though Con Funk Shun not only included a rap verse on a 1982 single, “Ain’t Nobody Baby”; but also made “Electric Lady,” a 1985 hit produced by Larry Smith of Whodini fame that landed in the top five of Billboard’s Black Singles chart. “Musically, I wasn’t a fan, but as a producer, I said, ‘I can do this,’” he says. “Like everyone else, Con Funk Shun wanted to be relevant, and rap was all over the radio.”
The tracks Burrell brought to Pilate consisted of him rapping over sparse Yamaha RX5 drum-machine parts. Pilate responded by going into “study mode.” He listened to the rap stuff that was getting airplay like Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew. As a result, the skittering percussion on Burrell’s “Let’s Get It Started” is reminiscent of the go-go-inspired arrangements on Doug E. Fresh hits like “The Show” and “All the Way to Heaven.”
“My thing was to make it more music-driven than beat-driven,” says Pilate. In many cases, he simply “listened to what [Burrell] was talking about and wrote a straight R&B song underneath it.” He also gives credit to Earley, who helped refine the drum programming and brought “that younger ear” to the project. They incorporated stock horn stabs from a battery of Juno, Roland, and Yamaha drum machines. Meanwhile, Kent “The Lone Mixer” Wilson and Bryant “D.J. Redeemed” Marable added rhythmic scratches by cutting up Curtis Mayfield and Beastie Boys records.
After the demos were finished, Fantasy Records dropped Pilate, Earley and Burrell from their deals. “They weren’t really sure how to market any of us,” says Pilate. Then, he chuckles, “The next time I ran into the Holyghost Boy, he had changed his name to MC Hammer.” After forming Bustin’ Records in Fremont with financial help from Oakland A’s ballplayers like Mike Davis and Dwayne Murphy, Hammer turned the Pilate demos into three 12”s — “Ring ’Em,” “The Thrill Is Gone” and “Let’s Get It Started” — and the 1987 album Feel My Power. “I was like, man, those were rough mixes! You were supposed to come back and let me fix that!” Pilate laughs.
Everyone involved in Bay Area hip-hop has vivid memories of MC Hammer blowing up. Near-mythical stories of his local takeover abound, like attending local concerts surrounded by a massive crew; or tearing up the dance floor at The Silks, a popular nightclub in Emeryville.
Today, it’s worth revisiting Feel My Power and 1988’s Let’s Get It Started. Released after Hammer signed with Capitol Records, Let’s Get It Started found Hammer and Pilate remixing those original demos while adding vital new tracks like “Pump It Up.” The results are bombastic and vibrant dance-floor jams as ecstatic as anything by Kid ‘n’ Play and Salt-n-Pepa. Hammer’s subsequent leap into pop superstardom with 1990’s Please Hammer Don’t Hurt ‘Em and the ubiquity of “U Can’t Touch This” obscure just how great those early tracks are.
Eight Woofers in the Trunk
MC Hammer’s major-label arrival in 1988 capped a year of Bay Area hip-hop on the cusp of national exposure.
After Too Short issued Born to Mack in the fall of 1987 on his Dangerous Music label, Jive Records picked it up. (Dangerous Music also issued Dangerous Crew, a compilation of vital Bay Area acts like Spice-1, Rappin’ 4-Tay, and the female duo Danger Zone.) Digital Underground’s playful and psychedelic “Underwater Rimes / Your Life’s a Cartoon” led to a deal with Tommy Boy. Local talent waited in the wings, including rapper/producer Paris (A.T.C.’s “Cisco Jam”), Sway & King Tech (Flynamic Force EP), Dangerous Dame (“The Power That’s Packed”), and MC Twist and the Def Squad (“Just Rock”). And the late Cameron Paul, known for his “Beats & Pieces” breakbeats, remixed Queens trio Salt-n-Pepa’s 1987 track “Push It” into a global phenomenon.
Incidentally, the first local group to score a major label deal wasn’t Hammer, but Surf MCs, a Berkeley group that Profile Records promoted as a Beastie Boys-like rap/rock crossover. Their 1987 album Surf or Die proved a flop.
Yet the third moment that catalyzed Bay Area hip-hop wasn’t a singular record like Timex Social Club’s “Rumors,” or an artist like Hammer and Short. It was the sound of walloping, all-enveloping bass.
Made for surgically enhanced car and jeep stereos, the bass colossus is as much a feature of hip-hop in the mid-’80s as the pounding Roland TR-808 machine, from Rick Rubin’s production on LL Cool J’s “Rock the Bells” and T La Rock’s “It’s Yours” to Rodney O and DJ Joe Cooley’s “Everlasting Bass” and Dr. Dre’s work on Eazy-E’s “The Boyz-N-The Hood.” It also mirrors the crack-cocaine epidemic that began to blight and distort communities across the country. As street life turned treacherous, the specter of the hustler, and whether to become one, cast a growing shadow.
“Then the new style came, the bass got deeper / You gave up the mike and bought you a beeper / Do you want to rap or sell coke? / Brothers like you ain’t never broke,” Too Short memorably rapped on his 1989 hit, “Life Is…Too Short.”
Banjoko recalls how the presence of gangs transformed local shows. “You would see a bunch of people dressed up together [in the same gear], and you might assume they were a rap or dance crew. They were young drug lords,” he says. “You could get trampled, beat up or robbed by any of them. I remember 69 Ville being massively deep at the Fresh Fest and the [Run-DMC] Raising Hell tour. They were terrifying, straight up. You were going to tuck your chain, you were going to take your Kangol off, or they were going to take it.”
Rap imagery became more honest and explicit. Some like Richmond rapper Magic Mike, San Francisco’s Hugh EMC (“It’s the Game”), and Oakland’s Hollywood (“Gangster Rap”) seemed to embrace the hustler ethos, while cautiously adding verses about the consequences of that lifestyle. Then there was Oakland rapper Morocco Moe, whose “Task” criticized how law enforcement brutalized communities in the War on Drugs: “Their intentions are good/But their actions are wrong.”
“Every Black neighborhood was infested” with crack, says Vallejo producer Khayree Shaheed. “There was an influx of money coming into young Black men, but there was also a lot of death occurring.” The epidemic also marked his entry into the world of rap.
As a descendant of the Bay Area’s vaunted funk tradition, Khayree spent the ’70s and early ’80s playing bass guitar for bands like Grand Larceny, Body Mind & Spirit and Touch of Class (with keyboardist Rosie Gaines, who later joined Prince & the New Power Generation). His travels took him across the U.S. and even to Japan, where Touch of Class lived and performed for several months. (Though his bands made demos, there are no official recordings to date.) When asked about the first time he heard rap, Khayree cites “jazzoetry” ensembles like The Last Poets, not the Sugarhill Gang. And as a youth growing up on Lofas Place in Vallejo, he spent plenty of time following Con Funk Shun, hoping to apprentice with the biggest band in the city.
Khayree was in his mid-20s when Rod “I.C.E.” Andrews and Dan “Luvva D” Morrison a.k.a. the Luvva Twins brought Khayree a demo they had made on a Casio keyboard, “Hubba Head.” The song title was slang for a crack addict, and the duo described the “hubba head’s” descent into addiction with charismatic punch. They arranged the music and rapped most of the lyrics, while Khayree dropped a short verse and added guitar.
Khayree had already spent time at Pilate’s home studio, honing his writing and production skills. (“I always enjoyed working with him,” says Pilate.) Now, he brought “Hubba Head” to Pilate, and the two prepared it for release. Setting up his own label, Big Bank Records, Khayree distributed two hundred copies of the 12” to DJs and influencers. “The record was super popular in the streets,” says Khayree.
After “Hubba Head,” Khayree began working with Jay King, a fellow graduate of Vallejo High School. The opportunity to write and produce New Choice’s 1987 single “Cold Stupid” and most of the quintet’s 1988 debut, At Last, gave him important experience on a major project and financial stability. By fusing bass, funky R&B and hip-hop breakbeats, New Choice reflected a parallel R&B movement that both influenced and was inspired by the hip-hop scene. Similar Bay Area acts included Oakland’s Tony! Toni! Toné!, who parlayed backing sessions for Sheila E. and Tramaine Hawkins into a major-label deal.
Flush from his experience with New Choice, Khayree was ready to start his own company. “I’m listening to EPMD’s Strictly Business,” he says, inspiring the name of his second label, Strictly Business Records. He knew that Mike “The Mac” Robinson, who also grew up on Lofas Place, was a rapper. Robinson hailed from a musical family: his uncle Steve “Silver” Scales was a well-traveled Vallejo funk percussionist who played with Talking Heads, Tom Tom Club, and the B-52s. (Though it would be a delicious coincidence, Scales didn’t perform on “Genius of Love.”) Khayree encouraged Robinson to take music more seriously. Meanwhile, Robinson’s mother drew the memorable Strictly Business logo: an open briefcase, ready for business.
In 1988, Khayree released The Mac’s three-song EP, “I’m Ah Big Mac.” Heard now, what immediately stands out is the unique tone of the bass. “We used synthesizers that had dumb-fat bass lines,” explains Khayree in reference to himself and Too Short as well as future Bay Area colleagues like Ant Banks. By comparison, he says, other regional scenes relied on a “natural” bass guitar or samples from records. “You feel it through your whole body. … You can get it with a bass guitar, depending on how you EQ the bass and what you run your guitar through. But you’re never going to touch the subs and the depth of a Minimoog, of the Oberheim Ovx, or the Roland Juno 106.” The EP’s highlight is its B-side “The Game Is Thick,” which centers on a sample of Prince’s “D.M.S.R.”
In 1989, Khayree remixed and re-released “The Game Is Thick” as a standalone 12” with a memorable cover photo: Khayree looking super-clean in a grey suit, clasping a briefcase, with The Mac in a red-and-black bomber jacket. Khayree calls the style “pimping.” “We didn’t mean pimping so much as getting prostitutes to work,” he explains. “It’s an attitude, and it’s a musical style.” The “game” is a metaphor for life in the Black community. Street slang illustrated complex situations, whether it was dealing with the repercussions of a raging crack epidemic, or simply navigating the tensions of everyday living. Meanwhile, The Mac’s “cool, silky, pimpish” flow and Khayree’s synthesized bass production proved a clear predecessor to the ’90s mob-music sound that took over Bay Area rap.
Upon release, “The Game Is Thick” didn’t make a major impact, and most copies went to local DJ pools. “We promoted records out of the trunk,” says Khayree. “We went from Bobby G’s Soul Disco in San Francisco to [Rico Casanova’s record pool] The Pros in Oakland.” Still, “The Game Is Thick” remix received a mention in Davey “D” Cook’s April 7, 1989 “Beats & Breaks” column for BAM Magazine. “Let me tell you, it’s hyped to the max,” Davey D wrote.
With Khayree’s encouragement, the Mac taught himself how to produce music with synth keyboards. He also introduced Khayree to another Vallejo artist, Andre “Mac Dre” Hicks, who became Strictly Business’ second act. By the time The Mac was shot and killed on July 23, 1991 in what Khayree calls “a case of mistaken identity,” the two had recorded dozens of tracks and released a third and final 12” protesting police violence, 1990’s “Enuff of Tis Sh-t!” One of The Mac’s beats posthumously appeared on Mac Dre’s 1993 track, “The M.A.C. & Mac D.R.E.”
“Mike had a big, big loving heart,” remembers Khayree, sounding wistful. He emphasizes how The Mac left behind a daughter, “Mac” Reina Robinson, and a pregnant girlfriend who gave birth to his son, Mike. At one point, Khayree plays a voicemail of The Mac passionately singing a funky, swinging hook, as if to counteract the stereotype that rappers aren’t musicians. He talks about how The Mac’s way of playing simple, evocative keyboard notes for maximum effect echoes in the work of his famed protégé, Mac Dre. “I miss him,” he says.
Sponsored
Bay Area rap broke wide at the end of the decade, leading to a 1989 story in the New York Times, “Rap by the Bay: Oakland Emerges as a Force in Pop.” Not every local pioneer who laid the groundwork would enjoy the fruits of that success. But their stories are essential to understanding how local hip-hop came of age, and everything that came after.
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He writes about sports, food, art, music, education, and culture while repping the Bay on \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/alan_chazaro\">Twitter\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/alan_chazaro/?hl=en\">Instagram\u003c/a> at @alan_chazaro.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ea8b6dd970fc5c29e7a188e7d5861df7?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"alan_chazaro","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alan Chazaro | KQED","description":"Food Writer and Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ea8b6dd970fc5c29e7a188e7d5861df7?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ea8b6dd970fc5c29e7a188e7d5861df7?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/achazaro"},"rcastro":{"type":"authors","id":"11907","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11907","found":true},"name":"Raynato Castro","firstName":"Raynato","lastName":"Castro","slug":"rcastro","email":"rcastrodds@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/09976336176dd6a8edb95255611bea20?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Raynato Castro | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/09976336176dd6a8edb95255611bea20?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/09976336176dd6a8edb95255611bea20?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rcastro"},"mreeves":{"type":"authors","id":"11855","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11855","found":true},"name":"Mosi Reeves","firstName":"Mosi","lastName":"Reeves","slug":"mreeves","email":"infamous30@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Mosi Reeves is a journalist and cultural critic based in Oakland, California. In addition to KQED, his work has appeared in \u003cem>Rolling Stone\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The Wire\u003c/em>, Pitchfork, \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>, and Grammy.com.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6f376003ca1cf7a873edc107f5f331f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mosi Reeves | KQED","description":"KQED 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FM","link":"/"}},"arts_13956683":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956683","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956683","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"late-night-filipino-food-24-hour-cafe-colma-lucky-chances","title":"The Bay Area’s Great American Diner Is a 24-Hour Filipino Casino Restaurant","publishDate":1714084178,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Bay Area’s Great American Diner Is a 24-Hour Filipino Casino Restaurant | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956692\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration of three men devouring halo-halo and other Filipino food at a diner counter.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Located inside Lucky Chances Casino in Colma, Cafe Colma serves tasty Filipino dishes 24/7. \u003ccite>(Raynato Castro)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/the-midnight-diners\">\u003ci>The Midnight Diners\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is a regular collaboration between KQED food editor Luke Tsai and artist Thien Pham. Follow them each week as they explore the hot pot restaurants, taco carts and 24-hour casino buffets that make up the Bay Area’s after-hours dining scene. This week’s guest artist is local dentist (and \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13915387/amateur-bbq-competition-comic-dentist-pleasant-hill\">\u003ci>barbecue champion\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>) Raynato Castro.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally speaking, there are two types of people in the Bay Area. Those who have never been to our region’s only 24-hour Filipino restaurant. And those for whom \u003ca href=\"https://www.luckychances.com/dining.aspx\">Cafe Colma\u003c/a> — the frenetic, perpetually crowded diner located inside the Lucky Chances Casino — is nothing short of a local icon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put it this way: Ever since we started this project, I’ve been jonesing for the kind of nostalgic late-night diner that I grew up loving on the East Coast. You know the kind, with the laminated placemat menus, the milkshakes and Monte Cristos, and endless 24-hour breakfast options that hit just right at 2 a.m. Who knew the closest thing to capturing that vibe would be this Filipino casino cafe?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like any proper diner, Cafe Colma is the place you’d go for brunch with your mom and your siblings, or where the entire extended family might swing by after picking someone up from SFO. It’s also the last stop you’d make after a long night of dancing and/or drunken foolishness — for local Filipinos, that might be after the Asian rave lets out at Temple Nightclub (which is closing soon, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/soma-nightclub-permanently-close-19398549.php\">R.I.P.\u003c/a>). It’s no coincidence that the lines at the restaurant hit their peak at around 2 or 3 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was only about a 15-minute wait when we rolled in at around 11 o’clock on a recent Friday night, which gave us time to walk around the card room proper, with its bright lights, solemn pai gow tables and 90% Asian crowd. Every so often, a bleary-eyed poker player would turn around and inhale several spoonfuls of fried rice from the little wheeled cart placed next to the table for that purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Viewed in that light, the existence of Cafe Colma is purely practical: fuel to keep the most degenerate gamblers going deep into the night. But if we came in expecting a meal of cheap, okay-enough carbs, what we found instead was surprisingly homey and comforting food — and, honestly, the most enjoyable Filipino meal we’d had in months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956693\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956693\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4.jpg\" alt=\"In a brightly lit casino room, players sit around a card table. One is eating fried rice off of a little cart behind him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">You can eat garlic fried rice while you’re gambling. \u003ccite>(Raynato Castro)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The menu is equal parts Chinese, Filipino and diner-style American, so whether you’re craving pancakes, prime rib or stir-fried bitter melon with scrambled eggs, Cafe Colma has got you covered. At its heart, though, this is a Filipino spot. When we ordered way too much from that section of the menu, we were rewarded with hit after hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The be-all and end-all is the kare-kare, a version of the classic oxtail and peanut sauce dish that tasted like someone’s grandma made it. The oxtails and beef tripe were impossibly tender and savory, bathed in a creamy peanut sauce that’s spiked with salty, pungent bagoong (fermented shrimp paste) for extra oomph. If you’re a lover of soft, squishy foods — of picking up bones and sucking them clean — this is your Platonic ideal of a dish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID='arts_13955884,arts_13956218,arts_13953224']\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>Filipino food is a perfect late-night food because it’s cuisine that understands how to use vinegar to cut into a heavy meal of fried meats. All told, we must have had at least three or four different vinegars on the table. There was a pink one to dress the tokwa’t baboy, a very Filipino “salad” of sorts, made up of boiled pig ears and fried tofu. And then two different vinegar-based sauces for the crispy pata — a positively prehistoric-looking pork leg with the kind of thick, impeccably crunchy skin that every serious pork lover craves. We made quick work of the pata with our bare hands, but the sauces were what made the dish: the bright and spicy vinegar spiked with chilies and raw garlic, and the thicker one that was earthy and slightly sweet, made with pork liver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, we couldn’t leave without trying two of Cafe Colma’s most famous signatures — first, its buttery silogs, or garlic rice breakfast plates, served with fried eggs and your choice of meat. We opted for a surf-and-turf combination of bangus (aka milkfish) and pork chop, and both were fried to juicy, full-flavored perfection. Finally, to finish, who could resist the siren call of ube ice cream–topped halo-halo served in big sundae cups, especially when offered to us after midnight? “You’d better make that two orders,” we said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I used to be one of those food purists who believed that there was some objective measure of deliciousness you could use to judge restaurants, and that nothing else particularly mattered — not the atmosphere or the service or the time of day. But look: There are other Filipino restaurants that serve fried pork and garlic rice that’s better, or at least as good, as Cafe Colma’s. But sitting there at the counter as we spooned up the last bits of red bean and condensed milk from our halo-halo, a little drunk on nostalgia and the prospect of hitting a lucky run at the blackjack table, that prospect was hard to imagine.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.luckychances.com/dining.aspx\">\u003ci>Cafe Colma\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is open 24/7 inside \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/luckychancescasino/?hl=en\">\u003ci>Lucky Chances Casino\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> at 1700 Hillside Blvd. in Colma.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Go to Cafe Colma for delicious kare-kare and halo-halo at 3 a.m.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714084560,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":999},"headData":{"title":"Cafe Colma Is the 24-Hour Filipino Restaurant at Lucky Chances Casino | KQED","description":"Go to Cafe Colma for delicious kare-kare and halo-halo at 3 a.m.","ogTitle":"The Bay Area’s Great American Diner Is a 24-Hour Filipino Casino Restaurant","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"The Bay Area’s Great American Diner Is a 24-Hour Filipino Casino Restaurant","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"Cafe Colma Is the 24-Hour Filipino Restaurant at Lucky Chances Casino %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Bay Area’s Great American Diner Is a 24-Hour Filipino Casino Restaurant","datePublished":"2024-04-25T22:29:38.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-25T22:36:00.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"The Midnight Diners","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/the-midnight-diners","sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"kqed-13956683","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956683/late-night-filipino-food-24-hour-cafe-colma-lucky-chances","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956692\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration of three men devouring halo-halo and other Filipino food at a diner counter.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Cafe-Colma-Eating-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Located inside Lucky Chances Casino in Colma, Cafe Colma serves tasty Filipino dishes 24/7. \u003ccite>(Raynato Castro)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/the-midnight-diners\">\u003ci>The Midnight Diners\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is a regular collaboration between KQED food editor Luke Tsai and artist Thien Pham. Follow them each week as they explore the hot pot restaurants, taco carts and 24-hour casino buffets that make up the Bay Area’s after-hours dining scene. This week’s guest artist is local dentist (and \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13915387/amateur-bbq-competition-comic-dentist-pleasant-hill\">\u003ci>barbecue champion\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>) Raynato Castro.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Generally speaking, there are two types of people in the Bay Area. Those who have never been to our region’s only 24-hour Filipino restaurant. And those for whom \u003ca href=\"https://www.luckychances.com/dining.aspx\">Cafe Colma\u003c/a> — the frenetic, perpetually crowded diner located inside the Lucky Chances Casino — is nothing short of a local icon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put it this way: Ever since we started this project, I’ve been jonesing for the kind of nostalgic late-night diner that I grew up loving on the East Coast. You know the kind, with the laminated placemat menus, the milkshakes and Monte Cristos, and endless 24-hour breakfast options that hit just right at 2 a.m. Who knew the closest thing to capturing that vibe would be this Filipino casino cafe?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like any proper diner, Cafe Colma is the place you’d go for brunch with your mom and your siblings, or where the entire extended family might swing by after picking someone up from SFO. It’s also the last stop you’d make after a long night of dancing and/or drunken foolishness — for local Filipinos, that might be after the Asian rave lets out at Temple Nightclub (which is closing soon, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/soma-nightclub-permanently-close-19398549.php\">R.I.P.\u003c/a>). It’s no coincidence that the lines at the restaurant hit their peak at around 2 or 3 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was only about a 15-minute wait when we rolled in at around 11 o’clock on a recent Friday night, which gave us time to walk around the card room proper, with its bright lights, solemn pai gow tables and 90% Asian crowd. Every so often, a bleary-eyed poker player would turn around and inhale several spoonfuls of fried rice from the little wheeled cart placed next to the table for that purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Viewed in that light, the existence of Cafe Colma is purely practical: fuel to keep the most degenerate gamblers going deep into the night. But if we came in expecting a meal of cheap, okay-enough carbs, what we found instead was surprisingly homey and comforting food — and, honestly, the most enjoyable Filipino meal we’d had in months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956693\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956693\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4.jpg\" alt=\"In a brightly lit casino room, players sit around a card table. One is eating fried rice off of a little cart behind him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lucky-Chances-Card-Room-v4-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">You can eat garlic fried rice while you’re gambling. \u003ccite>(Raynato Castro)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The menu is equal parts Chinese, Filipino and diner-style American, so whether you’re craving pancakes, prime rib or stir-fried bitter melon with scrambled eggs, Cafe Colma has got you covered. At its heart, though, this is a Filipino spot. When we ordered way too much from that section of the menu, we were rewarded with hit after hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The be-all and end-all is the kare-kare, a version of the classic oxtail and peanut sauce dish that tasted like someone’s grandma made it. The oxtails and beef tripe were impossibly tender and savory, bathed in a creamy peanut sauce that’s spiked with salty, pungent bagoong (fermented shrimp paste) for extra oomph. If you’re a lover of soft, squishy foods — of picking up bones and sucking them clean — this is your Platonic ideal of a dish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955884,arts_13956218,arts_13953224","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>Filipino food is a perfect late-night food because it’s cuisine that understands how to use vinegar to cut into a heavy meal of fried meats. All told, we must have had at least three or four different vinegars on the table. There was a pink one to dress the tokwa’t baboy, a very Filipino “salad” of sorts, made up of boiled pig ears and fried tofu. And then two different vinegar-based sauces for the crispy pata — a positively prehistoric-looking pork leg with the kind of thick, impeccably crunchy skin that every serious pork lover craves. We made quick work of the pata with our bare hands, but the sauces were what made the dish: the bright and spicy vinegar spiked with chilies and raw garlic, and the thicker one that was earthy and slightly sweet, made with pork liver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, we couldn’t leave without trying two of Cafe Colma’s most famous signatures — first, its buttery silogs, or garlic rice breakfast plates, served with fried eggs and your choice of meat. We opted for a surf-and-turf combination of bangus (aka milkfish) and pork chop, and both were fried to juicy, full-flavored perfection. Finally, to finish, who could resist the siren call of ube ice cream–topped halo-halo served in big sundae cups, especially when offered to us after midnight? “You’d better make that two orders,” we said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I used to be one of those food purists who believed that there was some objective measure of deliciousness you could use to judge restaurants, and that nothing else particularly mattered — not the atmosphere or the service or the time of day. But look: There are other Filipino restaurants that serve fried pork and garlic rice that’s better, or at least as good, as Cafe Colma’s. But sitting there at the counter as we spooned up the last bits of red bean and condensed milk from our halo-halo, a little drunk on nostalgia and the prospect of hitting a lucky run at the blackjack table, that prospect was hard to imagine.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.luckychances.com/dining.aspx\">\u003ci>Cafe Colma\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is open 24/7 inside \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/luckychancescasino/?hl=en\">\u003ci>Lucky Chances Casino\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> at 1700 Hillside Blvd. in Colma.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956683/late-night-filipino-food-24-hour-cafe-colma-lucky-chances","authors":["11743","11907"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_12276"],"tags":["arts_10278","arts_14183","arts_1297","arts_8805","arts_21928"],"featImg":"arts_13956689","label":"source_arts_13956683"},"arts_13956128":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956128","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956128","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"best-mysteries-and-thriller-novels-spring-2024","title":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","publishDate":1713390986,"format":"standard","headTitle":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":140,"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>Welcome back, mystery and thriller devotees! These books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin to an online community that might hold the solution to a missing-person case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy reading!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956153\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 834px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956153\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png\" alt=\"A red book cover illustrated with a winding aux cord.\" width=\"834\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-800x1163.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-768x1116.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera. \u003ccite>(Celadon Books)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Savannah Harper, the sweetheart of Plumpton, Texas, died from blows to her head. A few hours later, her best friend forever, Lucy Chase, was found wandering the town streets covered in blood. While Lucy was never formally charged with the murder, the community convicted her lock, stock and a full plate of barbecue. Five years later, Lucy has come home just as true-crime podcaster Ben Owens arrives to produce an episode of his show, \u003cem>Listen for the Lie.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13956050']As Ben encourages the tetchy, secretive Lucy to share her side of the story with him, she relaxes beneath his sunny, handsome gaze and starts to look at the truth. Unfortunately, truth doesn’t matter much to the residents of Plumpton, who long ago made up their minds about a young woman whose persona chafes against their ideas of femininity. Fortunately, by the time you meet the Plumptonites, you’ll have been mesmerized by Lucy’s hilarious, self-deprecating first-person narration. “It’s probably unfair to say that a podcast ruined my life,” she tells readers, and then, as she talks about making dinner during which she’ll break up with her clueless boyfriend: “Let this be a lesson to all the men out there who can’t handle conflict — man up and dump your girlfriend, or you might end up living with a suspected murder indefinitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Podcast episodes interspersed between Lucy’s chapters form a clever way for Tintera (already a bestselling YA author; this is her debut for adults) to draw out the suspense. Revealing too much about the other characters might ruin that cleverness, but it’s important to note that even when the story has ended and the murderer found, there are secrets within secrets, the kind that women have long used to protect each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956154\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover illustrated with winding bare tree branches and two rabbit masks.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler. \u003ccite>(Henry Holt and Co.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abbott Kahler’s debut centers on a young woman named Katherine “Kat” Bird, who has a near-death experience after her car collides with a deer, and wakes to near-total amnesia. She remembers her twin sister, Jude, who tries to fill in all of the blanks in Kat’s memory, but as Kat slowly recovers, she realizes Jude’s recounting of events contradict her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did the sisters have an idyllic childhood, or were they raised in a cult? If the latter is true, why would Jude be trying to pretend it never happened? Kahler (who has written acclaimed nonfiction as Karen Abbott) constructs a thriller so perfectly paced that you actually will not be able to put it down. You’ll be longing at each step to see how much Kat remembers and how much Jude complicates the memories. Each clue (there are few pictures of the sisters together, for example) has a flip side, a structural technique that works particularly well since the book is set in 1970s Philadelphia, with all of that city’s grittiness, community, and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kahler based her novel on the real-life story of Alex and Marcus Lewis, 18-year-old British identical twins. In 1982, Alex awoke from a coma following a motorcycle accident and remembered nothing except his brother’s name and face; Marcus decided to use the opportunity to invent new lives for them both. Kahler expands on their situation by going deeper into the effects of trauma for women and girls, making \u003cem>Where You End\u003c/em> incredibly relevant, right up to the truly shocking ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956156\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956156\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a large house surrounded by water with a storm raging overhead.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh. \u003ccite>(Dutton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Answer to a question you didn’t ask: In the UK, the board game Clue is known as Cluedo, a portmanteau word for “clue” plus “ludo,” the Latin for “I play.” In Nishita Parekh’s debut, a locked-room mystery that toys with everyone’s memories of playing Clue, readers may want to keep that active verb in mind. Set in Houston among a group of upperclass suburban Desi friends, \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> puts family drama above anything resembling, say, \u003cem>Cape Fear\u003c/em>-style hijinks — but the word “storm” in the title can mean so many things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955903']Protagonist Jia Shah, single mom to Ishaan, decides they’ll both shelter from Hurricane Harvey at her sister Seema’s large home in Sugar Land. Seema’s husband Vipul and some of his relatives make things more complicated for Jia, through both their busy presence and because Jia and Vipul have some sexual tension going on; one of the things that makes this book fascinating is the look at a second-generation immigrant family enjoying their new country while also feeling the pull of hereditary expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for a thriller — and this book is labeled one — you’ve come to the wrong place. \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> resembles nothing so much as a Golden Age mystery, and if you appreciate those, you’ve come to the right place. Parekh has clearly read her Christie, Marsh, and Allingham; she also clearly relishes those authors and their attention to cohesion and convention. Come on in and shelter from this \u003cem>Storm\u003c/em> with a truly unreliable cast of characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956157\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 838px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956157\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman's face partially obscured by a finger print. \" width=\"838\" height=\"1210\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png 838w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-800x1155.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-160x231.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-768x1109.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody. \u003ccite>(Soho Crime)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, Teddy Angstrom’s older sister Angie disappeared at age 18. When their father chooses suicide on the anniversary of Angie’s death, the now 26-year-old Teddy leaves the private school in Maine where she teaches English for home to sort out family matters with her grieving mother. Teddy discovers Mark Angstrom had grown obsessed with Reddit boards about true crime, some of them specifically about Angie’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955214']Her initial look at the discussions soon turns into an obsession equaling her father’s, one that will pull her into the orbit of 19-year-old Mickey, a local college student with multiple tattoos and perhaps multiple motives for the assistance she gives Teddy. The weird friendship these women create reflects the darkness into which Teddy descends, continuing her addiction to the internet as she develops an addiction to alcohol, and accidentally outing herself as Angie’s sister to the various members of the Reddit boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brody wisely builds the suspense around Teddy’s dissolution and paranoia, rather than focusing on the details of Angie’s fate, creating an atmosphere so suffocating and panicky that readers will feel the effects of loss, grief, and confusion as surely as if they were inside Teddy’s very smart and once better-adjusted mind. Teddy’s longing not just for her sister’s survival but for their ability to share life as 20-somethings marks her more indelibly than Mickey’s body ink.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 820px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956158\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman dressed in conservative 1980s-era clothing stands, arms folded in front of a small yellow car and a wall of graffiti.\" width=\"820\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png 820w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-800x1182.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-160x236.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-768x1135.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay. \u003ccite>(Harper Muse)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brilliant cryptographer Luisa Voekler, whose talent was nurtured by her grandfather’s frequent code-based scavenger hunts, wants to move up in the CIA, but finds her career sidelined in the late 1980s as she translates World War II documents. One day she recognizes a tiny symbol that will lead her down a dangerous path. Her discovery involves her father, Haris, who remains in the East Berlin his family left in 1961 as the East German government put up a wall dividing the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955156']Reay has written a number of novels based on Brontë and Austen characters, as well as a couple of lighthearted looks at women’s friendships in Illinois, but in 2021 she turned to darker territory, setting books about spycraft in London, Moscow — and now Berlin and Washington, D.C. The cover of \u003cem>The Berlin Letters\u003c/em> announces both its relatively recent time period, with the figure of a young woman dressed in contemporary clothing, yet also nods to the singularity of modern Berlin, with a backdrop of the Wall covered in graffiti and the trunk of an iconic East German Trabant or “Trabi” auto (known for being constructed from lightweight resin).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author knows East and West Berlin inside out, discussing details like the houses on Bernauer Strasse that allowed inhabitants, for a time, to easily defect simply by walking out of their front doors. However, those details never overwhelm a fast-paced story told by father and daughter from their different vantage points, as Luisa learns the truth of her past, and both stories reach the shocking, history-making night when The Berlin Wall fell on Nov. 9, 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bethanne Patrick is a freelance writer and critic who tweets \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/thebookmaven\">\u003cem>@TheBookMaven\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and hosts the podcast Missing Pages.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">visit NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+new+mysteries+and+thrillers+for+your+nightstand+this+spring&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"These thrilling new books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713390986,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":1583},"headData":{"title":"Best New Mystery and Thriller Novels for Spring 2024 | KQED","description":"These thrilling new books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin.","ogTitle":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"Best New Mystery and Thriller Novels for Spring 2024%%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","datePublished":"2024-04-17T21:56:26.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-17T21:56:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Bethanne Patrick","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"1239716585","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1239716585&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/17/1239716585/5-new-mysteries-and-thrillers-spring-2024-reading-list-recommendations?ft=nprml&f=1239716585","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:29:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 17 Apr 2024 10:49:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:29:14 -0400","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956128/best-mysteries-and-thriller-novels-spring-2024","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Welcome back, mystery and thriller devotees! These books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin to an online community that might hold the solution to a missing-person case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy reading!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956153\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 834px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956153\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png\" alt=\"A red book cover illustrated with a winding aux cord.\" width=\"834\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-800x1163.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-768x1116.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera. \u003ccite>(Celadon Books)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Savannah Harper, the sweetheart of Plumpton, Texas, died from blows to her head. A few hours later, her best friend forever, Lucy Chase, was found wandering the town streets covered in blood. While Lucy was never formally charged with the murder, the community convicted her lock, stock and a full plate of barbecue. Five years later, Lucy has come home just as true-crime podcaster Ben Owens arrives to produce an episode of his show, \u003cem>Listen for the Lie.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13956050","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As Ben encourages the tetchy, secretive Lucy to share her side of the story with him, she relaxes beneath his sunny, handsome gaze and starts to look at the truth. Unfortunately, truth doesn’t matter much to the residents of Plumpton, who long ago made up their minds about a young woman whose persona chafes against their ideas of femininity. Fortunately, by the time you meet the Plumptonites, you’ll have been mesmerized by Lucy’s hilarious, self-deprecating first-person narration. “It’s probably unfair to say that a podcast ruined my life,” she tells readers, and then, as she talks about making dinner during which she’ll break up with her clueless boyfriend: “Let this be a lesson to all the men out there who can’t handle conflict — man up and dump your girlfriend, or you might end up living with a suspected murder indefinitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Podcast episodes interspersed between Lucy’s chapters form a clever way for Tintera (already a bestselling YA author; this is her debut for adults) to draw out the suspense. Revealing too much about the other characters might ruin that cleverness, but it’s important to note that even when the story has ended and the murderer found, there are secrets within secrets, the kind that women have long used to protect each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956154\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover illustrated with winding bare tree branches and two rabbit masks.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler. \u003ccite>(Henry Holt and Co.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abbott Kahler’s debut centers on a young woman named Katherine “Kat” Bird, who has a near-death experience after her car collides with a deer, and wakes to near-total amnesia. She remembers her twin sister, Jude, who tries to fill in all of the blanks in Kat’s memory, but as Kat slowly recovers, she realizes Jude’s recounting of events contradict her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did the sisters have an idyllic childhood, or were they raised in a cult? If the latter is true, why would Jude be trying to pretend it never happened? Kahler (who has written acclaimed nonfiction as Karen Abbott) constructs a thriller so perfectly paced that you actually will not be able to put it down. You’ll be longing at each step to see how much Kat remembers and how much Jude complicates the memories. Each clue (there are few pictures of the sisters together, for example) has a flip side, a structural technique that works particularly well since the book is set in 1970s Philadelphia, with all of that city’s grittiness, community, and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kahler based her novel on the real-life story of Alex and Marcus Lewis, 18-year-old British identical twins. In 1982, Alex awoke from a coma following a motorcycle accident and remembered nothing except his brother’s name and face; Marcus decided to use the opportunity to invent new lives for them both. Kahler expands on their situation by going deeper into the effects of trauma for women and girls, making \u003cem>Where You End\u003c/em> incredibly relevant, right up to the truly shocking ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956156\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956156\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a large house surrounded by water with a storm raging overhead.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh. \u003ccite>(Dutton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Answer to a question you didn’t ask: In the UK, the board game Clue is known as Cluedo, a portmanteau word for “clue” plus “ludo,” the Latin for “I play.” In Nishita Parekh’s debut, a locked-room mystery that toys with everyone’s memories of playing Clue, readers may want to keep that active verb in mind. Set in Houston among a group of upperclass suburban Desi friends, \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> puts family drama above anything resembling, say, \u003cem>Cape Fear\u003c/em>-style hijinks — but the word “storm” in the title can mean so many things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955903","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Protagonist Jia Shah, single mom to Ishaan, decides they’ll both shelter from Hurricane Harvey at her sister Seema’s large home in Sugar Land. Seema’s husband Vipul and some of his relatives make things more complicated for Jia, through both their busy presence and because Jia and Vipul have some sexual tension going on; one of the things that makes this book fascinating is the look at a second-generation immigrant family enjoying their new country while also feeling the pull of hereditary expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for a thriller — and this book is labeled one — you’ve come to the wrong place. \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> resembles nothing so much as a Golden Age mystery, and if you appreciate those, you’ve come to the right place. Parekh has clearly read her Christie, Marsh, and Allingham; she also clearly relishes those authors and their attention to cohesion and convention. Come on in and shelter from this \u003cem>Storm\u003c/em> with a truly unreliable cast of characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956157\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 838px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956157\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman's face partially obscured by a finger print. \" width=\"838\" height=\"1210\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png 838w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-800x1155.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-160x231.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-768x1109.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody. \u003ccite>(Soho Crime)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, Teddy Angstrom’s older sister Angie disappeared at age 18. When their father chooses suicide on the anniversary of Angie’s death, the now 26-year-old Teddy leaves the private school in Maine where she teaches English for home to sort out family matters with her grieving mother. Teddy discovers Mark Angstrom had grown obsessed with Reddit boards about true crime, some of them specifically about Angie’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955214","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Her initial look at the discussions soon turns into an obsession equaling her father’s, one that will pull her into the orbit of 19-year-old Mickey, a local college student with multiple tattoos and perhaps multiple motives for the assistance she gives Teddy. The weird friendship these women create reflects the darkness into which Teddy descends, continuing her addiction to the internet as she develops an addiction to alcohol, and accidentally outing herself as Angie’s sister to the various members of the Reddit boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brody wisely builds the suspense around Teddy’s dissolution and paranoia, rather than focusing on the details of Angie’s fate, creating an atmosphere so suffocating and panicky that readers will feel the effects of loss, grief, and confusion as surely as if they were inside Teddy’s very smart and once better-adjusted mind. Teddy’s longing not just for her sister’s survival but for their ability to share life as 20-somethings marks her more indelibly than Mickey’s body ink.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 820px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956158\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman dressed in conservative 1980s-era clothing stands, arms folded in front of a small yellow car and a wall of graffiti.\" width=\"820\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png 820w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-800x1182.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-160x236.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-768x1135.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay. \u003ccite>(Harper Muse)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brilliant cryptographer Luisa Voekler, whose talent was nurtured by her grandfather’s frequent code-based scavenger hunts, wants to move up in the CIA, but finds her career sidelined in the late 1980s as she translates World War II documents. One day she recognizes a tiny symbol that will lead her down a dangerous path. Her discovery involves her father, Haris, who remains in the East Berlin his family left in 1961 as the East German government put up a wall dividing the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955156","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Reay has written a number of novels based on Brontë and Austen characters, as well as a couple of lighthearted looks at women’s friendships in Illinois, but in 2021 she turned to darker territory, setting books about spycraft in London, Moscow — and now Berlin and Washington, D.C. The cover of \u003cem>The Berlin Letters\u003c/em> announces both its relatively recent time period, with the figure of a young woman dressed in contemporary clothing, yet also nods to the singularity of modern Berlin, with a backdrop of the Wall covered in graffiti and the trunk of an iconic East German Trabant or “Trabi” auto (known for being constructed from lightweight resin).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author knows East and West Berlin inside out, discussing details like the houses on Bernauer Strasse that allowed inhabitants, for a time, to easily defect simply by walking out of their front doors. However, those details never overwhelm a fast-paced story told by father and daughter from their different vantage points, as Luisa learns the truth of her past, and both stories reach the shocking, history-making night when The Berlin Wall fell on Nov. 9, 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bethanne Patrick is a freelance writer and critic who tweets \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/thebookmaven\">\u003cem>@TheBookMaven\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and hosts the podcast Missing Pages.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">visit NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+new+mysteries+and+thrillers+for+your+nightstand+this+spring&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956128/best-mysteries-and-thriller-novels-spring-2024","authors":["byline_arts_13956128"],"programs":["arts_140"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_73","arts_835"],"tags":["arts_5221","arts_769","arts_585","arts_11718"],"affiliates":["arts_137"],"featImg":"arts_13956129","label":"arts_140"},"arts_13956326":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956326","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956326","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"tru-gourmet-dim-sum-farmers-market-oakland","title":"How a Dumpling Chef Brought Dim Sum to Bay Area Farmers Markets","publishDate":1713884513,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How a Dumpling Chef Brought Dim Sum to Bay Area Farmers Markets | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note:\u003c/strong> This story is part of KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/youthtakeover\">Youth Takeover\u003c/a>. Throughout the week of April 22-26, we’re publishing content by high school students from all over the Bay Area.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since I was five years old, one of my favorite traditions has been going to the Grand Lake Farmers Market with my dad every Saturday morning. \u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-13833985\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Nadege.headshot.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"184\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The market has been open since 1998 near the shore of Lake Merritt in Oakland, and it’s the perfect place to find almost anything you can think of — organic produce, fresh flowers and hot meals cooked to order while you wait. When I came with my dad, we’d order fresh gaufres from the Belgian waffle vendor, then browse the ripe nectarines and strawberries that were in season. Sometimes, we’d get rotisserie chicken and potatoes for lunch from one of the food trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I even tried dim sum for the first time. One Saturday we noticed a stand called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/trugourmet\">Tru Gourmet\u003c/a> that sold all kinds of steamed dumplings and buns. We ordered dumplings and crispy chicken wings, which turned out to be our favorite. Then we found somewhere near the booth to eat it all standing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was about 10 years ago. As it turns out, Tru Gourmet is still around, setting up its stand at the Grand Lake Farmers Market — and \u003ca href=\"http://trugourmet.com/locations/\">two other farmers markets around the Bay Area\u003c/a> — every week. When I visited their tent on a recent Saturday, the line was so long that it almost crossed in front of the vendor next door. Inside, the cooks were busy heating the dumplings in bamboo steamers. Everything smelled so good, it was hard to choose. When I finally bit into a savory scallion pancake and delighted in the softness of a juicy pork bun, I urged my dad to order seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956337\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956337\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop.jpg\" alt='A display showing different kinds of dim sum available, all arranged in bamboo steamers. A sign on the table reads, \"Cash Only.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-768x528.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-1536x1056.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A display of the different kinds of dim sum available at Tru Gourmet’s Grand Lake Farmers Market stand on a recent Saturday. \u003ccite>(Nadege Mulamba)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What I realize now is that it isn’t very typical for dim sum to be sold at a farmers market — in fact, Tru Gourmet seems to be the only business doing it regularly here in the Bay Area. It made me curious: What made these chefs decide to set up their business outdoors instead of selling their dumplings inside a more traditional dim sum restaurant? And why doesn’t it seem like very many others are doing it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had the opportunity to interview the owner, Olivia Liu, who shared her story of how the business started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>KQED: When did you start this business? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Liu\u003c/b>: Tru Gourmet started with my mom, Cathy Tsui, back in August 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Wow, almost sixteen years! Why did you want to create dim sum at the farmers market? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mother and I had a weekly tradition of dining on dim sum and visiting our local farmers markets, which gave us the idea to combine those two and start a family business. Dim sum translates into “touch of the heart.” Our goal is to touch your heart with handcrafted dim sum made from our hearts. [At Tru Gourmet,] you will find traditional dumplings one might see at popular dim sum houses and modern-day creations that aim to expand one’s view of dim sum, like black truffle shrimp dumplings or spiny lobster dumplings. We also have vegan dumplings such as our kale dumpling and bok choy dumpling, and seasonal [specials] like our asparagus dumpling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are proud to source most of our produce from the farmers markets we attend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Did you know of any other businesses that were selling dim sum at farmers markets at that time?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2008, we could have been the only ones. We have never seen [any other] dim sum at any farmers market, but it is common in food festivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956335\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956335\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo.jpg\" alt=\"A young woman in a white chef's jacket serves dim sum to a guest at a fancy gala.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-768x528.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-1536x1056.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">True Gourmet’s Olivia Liu serves dim sum at an event at the Headlands Center for the Arts in Sausalito. \u003ccite>(Andria Lo, courtesy of Headlands Center for the Arts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>About 10 years ago, my dad and I actually had chicken wings at your Grand Lake market stand. They were so good, and I was sad that you only seemed to sell them once every two months. Do you guys still sell those?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C5-9z0xrCd0/\">spicy crispy chicken wings\u003c/a> are definitely popular, and we also make spicy crispy \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C5a6fWNr0cl/\">salmon\u003c/a>. We rotate our special every week, which is why it’s only served once in a while. My mother made these wings for me as a child, and they were my absolute favorite! I knew we had to put them on the menu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Are there any challenges with making dim sum work at the farmers market? Do you have to change certain recipes to make it work?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We had never worked at a farmers market before, so we learned how to adapt and improve along the way. In our 15 years of business, we have learned ways to operate more efficiently and effectively, especially in setting up our booth.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a commissary kitchen we work out of to prepare all of the dim sum. The dumplings are wrapped in the kitchen, and we steam everything fresh at the farmers markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What is your favorite memory from running this business? Was there a specific customer that stood out to you? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s building relationships with my customers. So many regulars come every week and make my dim sum part of their weekly ritual. There have also been many regulars who moved away but make it a priority to stop by whenever they are visiting. Countless mothers ate my dim sum while pregnant, and I saw these babies grow up. Whenever a child wants my food for their birthday party, or if I cater a bar or bat mitzvah, quinceañera, holiday party or wedding, it feels so special to be included in their special day. Any time a first-time customer comes back after they try the dim sum to tell me how much they enjoyed it, it is one of my favorite things. The food industry is a labor of love, and it is incredibly gratifying to receive excellent feedback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One rainy winter day when I first joined the Grand Lake Farmers Market, one of my regular customers, Jefferson, brought me a cup of tea because he saw me shivering in the cold. It was a small gesture, but it meant so much to me, and I still remember it over 10 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956336\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956336\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes.jpg\" alt=\"A stack of scallion pancakes on a white plate.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2379\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-800x991.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-1020x1264.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-160x198.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-768x952.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-1240x1536.jpg 1240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-1653x2048.jpg 1653w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A stack of crispy, savory scallion pancakes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Olivia Liu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>That’s really sweet!\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, and during the wildfires, a customer named Linda gave me and my mother masks because she was concerned since we work outdoors. Knowing I am more than just a food vendor to these customers warms my heart. Being a part of this amazing community is such a special thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[People from] all walks of life enjoy my dim sum, from babies to their grandparents, people who have never had it or those with food sensitivities. We have vegetarian, vegan, gluten-free, seafood and meat options. There is something for everyone. Everyone loves dim sum!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What’s your favorite item on your menu? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A VIP client of mine hired me to cater her mother’s birthday dinner. She had requested that I make something with black truffles. That is when the black truffle shrimp dumpling was born. It is my personal favorite dumpling and has also become a favorite for many regulars. It’s special how we add black truffle to the shrimp filling, and we also add black truffle to the top of the dumpling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the traditional shrimp dumpling might be [better] for you if you are a purist. Some would say the shrimp dumpling is how to tell if a dim sum house is good or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956334\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle.jpg\" alt=\"Two varieties of dim sum on a paper plate. One of them is topped with black truffle shavings.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tru Gourmet’s more modern, creative dim sum items include a shrimp dumpling that incorporates black truffles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Olivia Liu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What’s the best thing about selling at the farmers market? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I love working at the farmers market! It’s such a wonderful community. Most of my customers are regulars who come every week, rain or shine. I appreciate their support. Even during the beginning of COVID, regulars came every week. It was because of them that I was able to stay in business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have been in business for 15 years and hope for another 15 years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://trugourmet.com/\">\u003ci>Tru Gourmet Dim Sum\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is open at the Grand Lake Farmers Market (746 Grand Ave., Oakland) on Saturdays from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. \u003c/i>\u003ci>You can also find them at the Marin Farmers Market (3501 Civic Center Dr., San Rafael) on Sundays from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m., and at the California Avenue Farmers Market (400 California Ave., Palo Alto) on Sundays from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m.\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nNadege Mulamba is a senior at Oakland Technical High School enjoys listening to music, writing and baking in her free time. She is passionate about screenwriting and wants to major in film.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Tru Gourmet has been selling its pork buns and shrimp dumplings outdoors for more than 15 years.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713824467,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1561},"headData":{"title":"How Tru Gourmet Brought Dim Sum to Bay Area Farmers Markets | KQED","description":"Tru Gourmet has been selling its pork buns and shrimp dumplings outdoors for more than 15 years.","ogTitle":"How a Dumpling Chef Brought Dim Sum to Bay Area Farmers Markets","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"How a Dumpling Chef Brought Dim Sum to Bay Area Farmers Markets","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"How Tru Gourmet Brought Dim Sum to Bay Area Farmers Markets %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How a Dumpling Chef Brought Dim Sum to Bay Area Farmers Markets","datePublished":"2024-04-23T15:01:53.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-22T22:21:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Food","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/food","sticky":false,"nprByline":"Nadege Mulamba","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956326/tru-gourmet-dim-sum-farmers-market-oakland","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note:\u003c/strong> This story is part of KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/youthtakeover\">Youth Takeover\u003c/a>. Throughout the week of April 22-26, we’re publishing content by high school students from all over the Bay Area.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since I was five years old, one of my favorite traditions has been going to the Grand Lake Farmers Market with my dad every Saturday morning. \u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-13833985\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Nadege.headshot.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"184\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The market has been open since 1998 near the shore of Lake Merritt in Oakland, and it’s the perfect place to find almost anything you can think of — organic produce, fresh flowers and hot meals cooked to order while you wait. When I came with my dad, we’d order fresh gaufres from the Belgian waffle vendor, then browse the ripe nectarines and strawberries that were in season. Sometimes, we’d get rotisserie chicken and potatoes for lunch from one of the food trucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I even tried dim sum for the first time. One Saturday we noticed a stand called \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/trugourmet\">Tru Gourmet\u003c/a> that sold all kinds of steamed dumplings and buns. We ordered dumplings and crispy chicken wings, which turned out to be our favorite. Then we found somewhere near the booth to eat it all standing up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was about 10 years ago. As it turns out, Tru Gourmet is still around, setting up its stand at the Grand Lake Farmers Market — and \u003ca href=\"http://trugourmet.com/locations/\">two other farmers markets around the Bay Area\u003c/a> — every week. When I visited their tent on a recent Saturday, the line was so long that it almost crossed in front of the vendor next door. Inside, the cooks were busy heating the dumplings in bamboo steamers. Everything smelled so good, it was hard to choose. When I finally bit into a savory scallion pancake and delighted in the softness of a juicy pork bun, I urged my dad to order seconds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956337\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956337\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop.jpg\" alt='A display showing different kinds of dim sum available, all arranged in bamboo steamers. A sign on the table reads, \"Cash Only.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-768x528.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-stand-crop-1536x1056.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A display of the different kinds of dim sum available at Tru Gourmet’s Grand Lake Farmers Market stand on a recent Saturday. \u003ccite>(Nadege Mulamba)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What I realize now is that it isn’t very typical for dim sum to be sold at a farmers market — in fact, Tru Gourmet seems to be the only business doing it regularly here in the Bay Area. It made me curious: What made these chefs decide to set up their business outdoors instead of selling their dumplings inside a more traditional dim sum restaurant? And why doesn’t it seem like very many others are doing it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I had the opportunity to interview the owner, Olivia Liu, who shared her story of how the business started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>KQED: When did you start this business? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Liu\u003c/b>: Tru Gourmet started with my mom, Cathy Tsui, back in August 2008.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Wow, almost sixteen years! Why did you want to create dim sum at the farmers market? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My mother and I had a weekly tradition of dining on dim sum and visiting our local farmers markets, which gave us the idea to combine those two and start a family business. Dim sum translates into “touch of the heart.” Our goal is to touch your heart with handcrafted dim sum made from our hearts. [At Tru Gourmet,] you will find traditional dumplings one might see at popular dim sum houses and modern-day creations that aim to expand one’s view of dim sum, like black truffle shrimp dumplings or spiny lobster dumplings. We also have vegan dumplings such as our kale dumpling and bok choy dumpling, and seasonal [specials] like our asparagus dumpling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are proud to source most of our produce from the farmers markets we attend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Did you know of any other businesses that were selling dim sum at farmers markets at that time?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2008, we could have been the only ones. We have never seen [any other] dim sum at any farmers market, but it is common in food festivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956335\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956335\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo.jpg\" alt=\"A young woman in a white chef's jacket serves dim sum to a guest at a fancy gala.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-800x550.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-160x110.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-768x528.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-oivia-credit-andria-lo-1536x1056.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">True Gourmet’s Olivia Liu serves dim sum at an event at the Headlands Center for the Arts in Sausalito. \u003ccite>(Andria Lo, courtesy of Headlands Center for the Arts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>About 10 years ago, my dad and I actually had chicken wings at your Grand Lake market stand. They were so good, and I was sad that you only seemed to sell them once every two months. Do you guys still sell those?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C5-9z0xrCd0/\">spicy crispy chicken wings\u003c/a> are definitely popular, and we also make spicy crispy \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C5a6fWNr0cl/\">salmon\u003c/a>. We rotate our special every week, which is why it’s only served once in a while. My mother made these wings for me as a child, and they were my absolute favorite! I knew we had to put them on the menu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Are there any challenges with making dim sum work at the farmers market? Do you have to change certain recipes to make it work?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We had never worked at a farmers market before, so we learned how to adapt and improve along the way. In our 15 years of business, we have learned ways to operate more efficiently and effectively, especially in setting up our booth.\u003cb>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a commissary kitchen we work out of to prepare all of the dim sum. The dumplings are wrapped in the kitchen, and we steam everything fresh at the farmers markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What is your favorite memory from running this business? Was there a specific customer that stood out to you? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s building relationships with my customers. So many regulars come every week and make my dim sum part of their weekly ritual. There have also been many regulars who moved away but make it a priority to stop by whenever they are visiting. Countless mothers ate my dim sum while pregnant, and I saw these babies grow up. Whenever a child wants my food for their birthday party, or if I cater a bar or bat mitzvah, quinceañera, holiday party or wedding, it feels so special to be included in their special day. Any time a first-time customer comes back after they try the dim sum to tell me how much they enjoyed it, it is one of my favorite things. The food industry is a labor of love, and it is incredibly gratifying to receive excellent feedback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One rainy winter day when I first joined the Grand Lake Farmers Market, one of my regular customers, Jefferson, brought me a cup of tea because he saw me shivering in the cold. It was a small gesture, but it meant so much to me, and I still remember it over 10 years later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956336\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956336\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes.jpg\" alt=\"A stack of scallion pancakes on a white plate.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2379\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-800x991.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-1020x1264.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-160x198.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-768x952.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-1240x1536.jpg 1240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-scallion-pancakes-1653x2048.jpg 1653w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A stack of crispy, savory scallion pancakes. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Olivia Liu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>That’s really sweet!\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, and during the wildfires, a customer named Linda gave me and my mother masks because she was concerned since we work outdoors. Knowing I am more than just a food vendor to these customers warms my heart. Being a part of this amazing community is such a special thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[People from] all walks of life enjoy my dim sum, from babies to their grandparents, people who have never had it or those with food sensitivities. We have vegetarian, vegan, gluten-free, seafood and meat options. There is something for everyone. Everyone loves dim sum!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What’s your favorite item on your menu? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A VIP client of mine hired me to cater her mother’s birthday dinner. She had requested that I make something with black truffles. That is when the black truffle shrimp dumpling was born. It is my personal favorite dumpling and has also become a favorite for many regulars. It’s special how we add black truffle to the shrimp filling, and we also add black truffle to the top of the dumpling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the traditional shrimp dumpling might be [better] for you if you are a purist. Some would say the shrimp dumpling is how to tell if a dim sum house is good or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956334\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle.jpg\" alt=\"Two varieties of dim sum on a paper plate. One of them is topped with black truffle shavings.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/tru-gourmet-black-truffle-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tru Gourmet’s more modern, creative dim sum items include a shrimp dumpling that incorporates black truffles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Olivia Liu)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What’s the best thing about selling at the farmers market? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I love working at the farmers market! It’s such a wonderful community. Most of my customers are regulars who come every week, rain or shine. I appreciate their support. Even during the beginning of COVID, regulars came every week. It was because of them that I was able to stay in business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have been in business for 15 years and hope for another 15 years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://trugourmet.com/\">\u003ci>Tru Gourmet Dim Sum\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is open at the Grand Lake Farmers Market (746 Grand Ave., Oakland) on Saturdays from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. \u003c/i>\u003ci>You can also find them at the Marin Farmers Market (3501 Civic Center Dr., San Rafael) on Sundays from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m., and at the California Avenue Farmers Market (400 California Ave., Palo Alto) on Sundays from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m.\u003c/i>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nNadege Mulamba is a senior at Oakland Technical High School enjoys listening to music, writing and baking in her free time. She is passionate about screenwriting and wants to major in film.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956326/tru-gourmet-dim-sum-farmers-market-oakland","authors":["byline_arts_13956326"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_12276"],"tags":["arts_21727","arts_22099","arts_10278","arts_1297","arts_1785","arts_1143","arts_4533"],"featImg":"arts_13956333","label":"source_arts_13956326"},"arts_13956676":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956676","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956676","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"baby-reindeer-netflix-review-problematic-abuse-lgbt-queerness","title":"Netflix’s ‘Baby Reindeer’: A Dark, Haunting Story Bungles its Depiction of Queerness","publishDate":1714081090,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Netflix’s ‘Baby Reindeer’: A Dark, Haunting Story Bungles its Depiction of Queerness | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":137,"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: You can’t really talk about this series without discussing a major revelation that occurs in episode four of its seven-episode season. So be warned: Spoilers ahead. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a reason that the first scene in the first episode of \u003cem>Baby Reindeer,\u003c/em> now streaming on Netflix, plays like it’s a classic setup to a joke: \u003cem>Woman walks into a bar.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Creator and star Richard Gadd is setting our expectations exactly where he wants them set; he needs us to think that the story he’ll tell us over the next seven episodes will conform to the narrative contours of dark comedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955549']He’s already tipped us off that the comedy in question will be dark indeed, via a framing device that opens the show: We see his character Donny Dunn filing a police report that he’s being stalked by a woman named Martha (Jessica Gunning).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cut to six months earlier: Martha enters the pub where Donny tends bar. Everything that follows is meant to place us inside Donny’s head. As he tells us about her, we can’t help but see her as he does: A sad, fat, pitiable middle-aged woman who’s clearly lying about her life. She’s not the high-powered lawyer she says she is — if she were, surely she could afford to buy a drink. And why would she spend all those potentially billable hours bellied up at Donny’s bar whenever he’s working a shift? And why would she proceed to send him thousands of unhinged text messages and stalk him, his girlfriend, and his family?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right, we think. We know what we’re in for: \u003cem>Baby Reindeer \u003c/em>is the story of one hapless young man getting cruelly stalked by a mentally ill woman, who, it turns out, has a history, and a criminal record, for doing so.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eafm1gB6SCM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moreover, it’s a true story. True-ish, anyway, as \u003cem>Baby Reindee\u003c/em>r is based on Gadd’s autobiographical one-man show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13954225']But Gadd soon complicates our understanding of events. It turns out Donny is a struggling would-be comedian; we watch a series of his cringeworthy sets before sparse, stone-faced audiences. He seems depressed and friendless — his work colleagues at the bar are hostile louts; he’s living with his ex-girlfriend’s mother on the outskirts of London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus there’s the nagging fact that while Donny may not actively \u003cem>encourage \u003c/em>Martha’s fawning attention, he is awfully passive about shutting down her determination that they could get together, even as she grows more insistent, and more threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, as the cop asks him at the start of the first episode. Why did he let it all go on for six months before filing a formal complaint?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2024/04/25/br_101_unit_00683_rt.jpg-br_101_unit_00683_rt-1--9d5299c1b3002fe7610a6ea4c77f371792b6bd3f.jpg?s=1200&c=75&f=jpeg\" alt=\"A smiling white woman sits at the edge of a pub bar.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica Gunning as Martha.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The rug-pull\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The answer to that question is what \u003cem>Baby Reindeer \u003c/em>is truly about. It’s where the conventional and familiar trappings of dark comedy and psychological thriller fall away to reveal the show’s true, beating heart: Sexual abuse, and its lingering aftermath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It isn’t until episode four that we learn that five years before Martha entered his life, Donny met a successful television writer named Darrien (Tom Goodman-Hill) who gave him career advice, promised to set him up with opportunities, and supplied him with drugs. During those sessions, while Donny was helpless to stop him, Darrien would sexually abuse him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13954702']This, the series proceeds to argue — far too tidily — is the answer to everything. It’s why Donny became the depressed, self-loathing man we’ve come to know. It’s why his comedy career stalled. It’s why he’s since chosen to degrade himself by having meaningless sex with both men and women, doing more drugs, and by developing an interest in “extreme” pornography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also, of course — or so the show would have us believe — why he was so disarmed and flattered by the attention Martha gave him, which seems (compared to the drug-filled sexual cesspits he once frequented) pure and wholesome and, not for nothing, reassuringly straight. At one point Donny guiltily admits to us that, at his very lowest point, he even started to find Martha — imagine that! a \u003cem>fat \u003c/em>woman! — sexually arousing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"npr-pull-quote\">\n\u003ch2>The series repeatedly and clumsily conflates the horror of abuse with the simple fact of queer sexuality.\u003c/h2>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It’s this aspect of \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> — Gadd/Donny’s ultimate willingness to confront his abuse and explore its aftereffects — which has earned the show its most fulsome praise from critics and audiences. But in practice, the series repeatedly and clumsily conflates the horror of abuse with the simple fact of queer sexuality. Purely for dramatic purposes, \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> implies that Donny’s sexuality conforms to the laws of cause (the abuse) and effect (queerness). Worse, it does so in a way that seems specifically designed to reassure those audiences who believe queerness is something that happens \u003cem>to \u003c/em>people, something that can be triggered from the outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Catching queerness like a cold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Let me be clear: \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> is not making any kind of broad sexual/political case that same-sex abuse leads its victims to experience same-sex desire. Neither is it saying that all putatively straight men who get sexually abused by other men will henceforth be attracted to trans women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13953601']But it does want us to believe — in fact it entirely \u003cem>depends \u003c/em>upon us believing — that \u003cem>Donny\u003c/em>, for one, experienced same-sex desire only after his abuse — desire it goes out of its way to depict as filthy and degrading. It does, too, want us to believe that \u003cem>Donny \u003c/em>failed to make any romantic connections with women or men after his abuse — until he met Teri (Nava Mau) on a trans dating site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gadd himself identifies as bisexual, which makes it all the more puzzling and frustrating that, again and again, the series takes absurd pains to present Donny as someone who is not at all like the kinds of queer folk who (shudder!) willingly have sex with each other and (shock horror!) use recreational drugs and (gasp!) watch porn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rest assured, straight audiences: Donny’s queer sexuality was something forced upon him — a fact that his stoic father (Mark Lewis Jones) understands and underscores because, as he tearfully explains to his son, “I grew up in the Catholic Church.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a jaw-dropping scene, but not for the reason it wants to be. It’s meant as a moment of startling honesty and searing empathy between father and son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It plays like a tasteless, homophobic joke.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sticking the dismount\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For all its queasy discomfort with, and prissy diffidence about queer sexuality, there is one thing \u003cem>Baby Reindee\u003c/em>r gets absolutely, hauntingly right: Its ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the series concludes, Martha has been jailed for stalking Donny. In a thinner, less resonant series, our hero would take this as an unalloyed victory, as vindication. But smartly, Gadd shows us a Donny who has acknowledged his abuse but has only begun to effectively deal with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donny, instead, wallows. He walks the streets, playing Martha’s tender/terrifying voicemails in his headphones. He sets out to confront his abuser, only to cave and accept a job working for him. He shambles through his life alone, until he enters a pub (\u003cem>Man walks into a bar\u003c/em>) and realizes he can’t pay for his drink. The handsome bartender comps him out of pity, just as Donny did to Martha in the first episode. The end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>… OK, that pity-drink callback at the very end is a bit on-the-nose, but the series’ refusal to afford Donny a clear, uncomplicated, once-and-for-all victory is a smart one. Had the series ended with a sense of triumph and finality, it would have been dramatically satisfying but emotionally dishonest. Human psychology is more complex than that, and the damage done by abuse more insidious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13953497']When we leave him, Donny is still trapped by his past, because he hasn’t yet done the work he needs to do. He still believes he deserves to be trapped, defined, by what happened to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the series plants the seeds for the change that we know is coming: When he’s alone in that room of his, he’s turning his experience into the one-man show that will become \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em>. It’s that process of transmutation and creation that will ultimately allow him to process his abuse and turn it into something that engages with the wider world, and grant him the ability, finally, to heal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe, in the process, he will manage to move past finding other queer folk and fat people disgusting. \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> suggests that Richard Gadd hasn’t quite managed to do that, yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’m holding out hope for Donny.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The new series, based on creator Richard Gadd's one-man show, depicts queer sexuality as something that happens TO people.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714081090,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1560},"headData":{"title":"A Queer Analysis of Dark Netflix Series, ‘Baby Reindeer’ | KQED","description":"The new series, based on creator Richard Gadd's one-man show, depicts queer sexuality as something that happens TO people.","ogTitle":"Netflix’s ‘Baby Reindeer’: A Dark, Haunting Story Bungles its Depiction of Queerness","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"Netflix’s ‘Baby Reindeer’: A Dark, Haunting Story Bungles its Depiction of Queerness","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"A Queer Analysis of Dark Netflix Series, ‘Baby Reindeer’ %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Netflix’s ‘Baby Reindeer’: A Dark, Haunting Story Bungles its Depiction of Queerness","datePublished":"2024-04-25T21:38:10.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-25T21:38:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"1247130712","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/25/1247130712/baby-reindeer-review-netflix","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"2024-04-25T11:32:00-04:00","nprStoryDate":"2024-04-25T11:32:00-04:00","nprLastModifiedDate":"2024-04-25T11:32:00-04:00","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956676/baby-reindeer-netflix-review-problematic-abuse-lgbt-queerness","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: You can’t really talk about this series without discussing a major revelation that occurs in episode four of its seven-episode season. So be warned: Spoilers ahead. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a reason that the first scene in the first episode of \u003cem>Baby Reindeer,\u003c/em> now streaming on Netflix, plays like it’s a classic setup to a joke: \u003cem>Woman walks into a bar.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Creator and star Richard Gadd is setting our expectations exactly where he wants them set; he needs us to think that the story he’ll tell us over the next seven episodes will conform to the narrative contours of dark comedy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955549","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>He’s already tipped us off that the comedy in question will be dark indeed, via a framing device that opens the show: We see his character Donny Dunn filing a police report that he’s being stalked by a woman named Martha (Jessica Gunning).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cut to six months earlier: Martha enters the pub where Donny tends bar. Everything that follows is meant to place us inside Donny’s head. As he tells us about her, we can’t help but see her as he does: A sad, fat, pitiable middle-aged woman who’s clearly lying about her life. She’s not the high-powered lawyer she says she is — if she were, surely she could afford to buy a drink. And why would she spend all those potentially billable hours bellied up at Donny’s bar whenever he’s working a shift? And why would she proceed to send him thousands of unhinged text messages and stalk him, his girlfriend, and his family?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right, we think. We know what we’re in for: \u003cem>Baby Reindeer \u003c/em>is the story of one hapless young man getting cruelly stalked by a mentally ill woman, who, it turns out, has a history, and a criminal record, for doing so.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/eafm1gB6SCM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/eafm1gB6SCM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Moreover, it’s a true story. True-ish, anyway, as \u003cem>Baby Reindee\u003c/em>r is based on Gadd’s autobiographical one-man show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13954225","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But Gadd soon complicates our understanding of events. It turns out Donny is a struggling would-be comedian; we watch a series of his cringeworthy sets before sparse, stone-faced audiences. He seems depressed and friendless — his work colleagues at the bar are hostile louts; he’s living with his ex-girlfriend’s mother on the outskirts of London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plus there’s the nagging fact that while Donny may not actively \u003cem>encourage \u003c/em>Martha’s fawning attention, he is awfully passive about shutting down her determination that they could get together, even as she grows more insistent, and more threatening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, as the cop asks him at the start of the first episode. Why did he let it all go on for six months before filing a formal complaint?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2024/04/25/br_101_unit_00683_rt.jpg-br_101_unit_00683_rt-1--9d5299c1b3002fe7610a6ea4c77f371792b6bd3f.jpg?s=1200&c=75&f=jpeg\" alt=\"A smiling white woman sits at the edge of a pub bar.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica Gunning as Martha.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>The rug-pull\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The answer to that question is what \u003cem>Baby Reindeer \u003c/em>is truly about. It’s where the conventional and familiar trappings of dark comedy and psychological thriller fall away to reveal the show’s true, beating heart: Sexual abuse, and its lingering aftermath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It isn’t until episode four that we learn that five years before Martha entered his life, Donny met a successful television writer named Darrien (Tom Goodman-Hill) who gave him career advice, promised to set him up with opportunities, and supplied him with drugs. During those sessions, while Donny was helpless to stop him, Darrien would sexually abuse him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13954702","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This, the series proceeds to argue — far too tidily — is the answer to everything. It’s why Donny became the depressed, self-loathing man we’ve come to know. It’s why his comedy career stalled. It’s why he’s since chosen to degrade himself by having meaningless sex with both men and women, doing more drugs, and by developing an interest in “extreme” pornography.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also, of course — or so the show would have us believe — why he was so disarmed and flattered by the attention Martha gave him, which seems (compared to the drug-filled sexual cesspits he once frequented) pure and wholesome and, not for nothing, reassuringly straight. At one point Donny guiltily admits to us that, at his very lowest point, he even started to find Martha — imagine that! a \u003cem>fat \u003c/em>woman! — sexually arousing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"npr-pull-quote\">\n\u003ch2>The series repeatedly and clumsily conflates the horror of abuse with the simple fact of queer sexuality.\u003c/h2>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It’s this aspect of \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> — Gadd/Donny’s ultimate willingness to confront his abuse and explore its aftereffects — which has earned the show its most fulsome praise from critics and audiences. But in practice, the series repeatedly and clumsily conflates the horror of abuse with the simple fact of queer sexuality. Purely for dramatic purposes, \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> implies that Donny’s sexuality conforms to the laws of cause (the abuse) and effect (queerness). Worse, it does so in a way that seems specifically designed to reassure those audiences who believe queerness is something that happens \u003cem>to \u003c/em>people, something that can be triggered from the outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Catching queerness like a cold\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Let me be clear: \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> is not making any kind of broad sexual/political case that same-sex abuse leads its victims to experience same-sex desire. Neither is it saying that all putatively straight men who get sexually abused by other men will henceforth be attracted to trans women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13953601","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But it does want us to believe — in fact it entirely \u003cem>depends \u003c/em>upon us believing — that \u003cem>Donny\u003c/em>, for one, experienced same-sex desire only after his abuse — desire it goes out of its way to depict as filthy and degrading. It does, too, want us to believe that \u003cem>Donny \u003c/em>failed to make any romantic connections with women or men after his abuse — until he met Teri (Nava Mau) on a trans dating site.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gadd himself identifies as bisexual, which makes it all the more puzzling and frustrating that, again and again, the series takes absurd pains to present Donny as someone who is not at all like the kinds of queer folk who (shudder!) willingly have sex with each other and (shock horror!) use recreational drugs and (gasp!) watch porn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rest assured, straight audiences: Donny’s queer sexuality was something forced upon him — a fact that his stoic father (Mark Lewis Jones) understands and underscores because, as he tearfully explains to his son, “I grew up in the Catholic Church.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a jaw-dropping scene, but not for the reason it wants to be. It’s meant as a moment of startling honesty and searing empathy between father and son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It plays like a tasteless, homophobic joke.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Sticking the dismount\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>For all its queasy discomfort with, and prissy diffidence about queer sexuality, there is one thing \u003cem>Baby Reindee\u003c/em>r gets absolutely, hauntingly right: Its ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the series concludes, Martha has been jailed for stalking Donny. In a thinner, less resonant series, our hero would take this as an unalloyed victory, as vindication. But smartly, Gadd shows us a Donny who has acknowledged his abuse but has only begun to effectively deal with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Donny, instead, wallows. He walks the streets, playing Martha’s tender/terrifying voicemails in his headphones. He sets out to confront his abuser, only to cave and accept a job working for him. He shambles through his life alone, until he enters a pub (\u003cem>Man walks into a bar\u003c/em>) and realizes he can’t pay for his drink. The handsome bartender comps him out of pity, just as Donny did to Martha in the first episode. The end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>… OK, that pity-drink callback at the very end is a bit on-the-nose, but the series’ refusal to afford Donny a clear, uncomplicated, once-and-for-all victory is a smart one. Had the series ended with a sense of triumph and finality, it would have been dramatically satisfying but emotionally dishonest. Human psychology is more complex than that, and the damage done by abuse more insidious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13953497","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When we leave him, Donny is still trapped by his past, because he hasn’t yet done the work he needs to do. He still believes he deserves to be trapped, defined, by what happened to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the series plants the seeds for the change that we know is coming: When he’s alone in that room of his, he’s turning his experience into the one-man show that will become \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em>. It’s that process of transmutation and creation that will ultimately allow him to process his abuse and turn it into something that engages with the wider world, and grant him the ability, finally, to heal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maybe, in the process, he will manage to move past finding other queer folk and fat people disgusting. \u003cem>Baby Reindeer\u003c/em> suggests that Richard Gadd hasn’t quite managed to do that, yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I’m holding out hope for Donny.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956676/baby-reindeer-netflix-review-problematic-abuse-lgbt-queerness","authors":["92"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_75","arts_990"],"tags":["arts_3226","arts_3324","arts_769"],"affiliates":["arts_137"],"featImg":"arts_13956677","label":"arts_137"},"arts_13956017":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956017","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956017","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"poc-food-festival-san-francisco-berkeley","title":"A New Bay Area Food Festival Celebrates Chefs of Color and Diasporic Unity","publishDate":1714149075,"format":"standard","headTitle":"A New Bay Area Food Festival Celebrates Chefs of Color and Diasporic Unity | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>You’re at a food and wine festival in the Bay Area. But instead of the usual Chardonnay and chicken pairing, you’re drinking arak — an anise seed–based Palestinian spirit — and eating hearty Ethiopian sambussas in a space that is designated for diasporic, cross-communal celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might sip on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/drinkkace/\">a Filipino and Taiwanese tea\u003c/a> founded by a pair of young AAPI entrepreneurs while enjoying bites from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/1610\">Chef Nelson German — the Dominican savant behind Oakland’s alaMar and Sobre Mesa\u003c/a>. And since true nourishment requires more than just food and beverages, you can sneak off for a CBD sound bath, or keep your energy balanced at an R&B Soul Lounge, before returning for the afterparty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a snippet of the vision that San Francisco event organizer Gina Mariko Rosales has in mind for the first-ever \u003ca href=\"https://www.pocfoodandwine.com/\">POC Food and Wine Festival\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want people to know up front that it’s a diverse space, and you’re welcome here,” Rosales says. “We’re already battling in the wine space. It doesn’t feel comfortable or safe for some people, and I knew I needed to create and name it so people would feel it’s a space for them. This is a celebration of the global majority. You gotta have big balls to do this shit. It’s not an easy feat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having co-founded UNDISCOVERED SF’s Creative Night Market in SOMA Pilipinas, and with nearly a decade of experience working as an event specialist with Google, Rosales believes she has the savvy and background to execute such an ambitious three-day festival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a huge desire to build a multicultural space to come together and meet each other, share resources, create collaborations that didn’t exist and expand our reach and make it bigger than any one cultural group. We need a space to come together,” she continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956309\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956309\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3.jpg\" alt=\"A woman in a red jacket stands before a lavish spread of drinks, appetizers and flowers.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The festival is the brainchild of San Francisco event planner Gina Mariko Rosales. \u003ccite>(Melissa De Mata)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In all, the bodacious festival will include seven events happening across two venues in Berkeley and San Francisco from Thursday, May 2, through Sunday, May 5 (with Friday, May 3, as an off-day). The inaugural festivities will comprise a who’s who of Bay Area foodmakers and small business owners of color, all gathered at one intentional table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival will kick off with a “Palestinian Family Meal” featuring one of the Bay Area’s most notable Palestinian chefs in Reem Assil (of \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reemscalifornia/\">Reem’s\u003c/a>). Assil’s dishes — an array of mezzes, flatbreads, sweets and more served for large group enjoyment — will be paired with\u003ca href=\"https://www.terahwineco.com/\"> Terah Wine Co.\u003c/a> and Terra Sancta, a local winemaker and an importer of Middle Eastern wines and arak, respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opening night dinner underscores a mindful awareness to serve more than just good food. Rosales believes it’s also an opportunity to empower, uplift and educate around the various, complex politics that different Bay Area groups — often working in solidarity — must combat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956598\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956598\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021.jpg\" alt=\"A bowl of Palestinian lamb dumplings in yogurt sauce, presented in a pale yellow bowl.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2259\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-800x941.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-1020x1200.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-160x188.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-768x904.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-1305x1536.jpg 1305w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-1741x2048.jpg 1741w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For the festival’s Saturday main event, Reem’s will serve shish barak — lamb dumplings in yogurt sauce. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alanna Hale)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Food is an entryway to culture,” Rosales says. “Everyone wants good food. That’s how you get people in, and then it’s up to you to teach a lesson.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other festival highlights will include Saturday’s “Main Dish,” a palate-friendly carousel of curated food-and-wine pairings from 14 participating chefs. Featured dishes include \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/cheftudavidphu\">Chef Tu David Phu\u003c/a>’s banh khot (a rich Vietnamese pancake) with caviar and velarde truffle, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/tacossincero\">Tacos Sincero\u003c/a>’s charred sweet potato tostada with lime aioli, and salsa verde, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/tartsdefeybesse/\">Tarts de Feybesse\u003c/a>’s iÎle flottante — floating meringue in a custardy creme anglaise, infused with flavors from the Philippines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept is to expose festival goers with as many diverse foodmakers as possible from the Bay Area’s impressive scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Putting Ethiopia and the greater continent of Africa on the culinary map has always been our mission,” a representative for one participant, Oakland’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/cafecolucci/\">Cafe Colucci\u003c/a>, told KQED via email. “This is an opportunity to show our greater Bay Area community the power and importance of our diverse food environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID='arts_13954899,arts_13956178,arts_13929494']\u003c/span>A “Brown Is Beautiful” afterparty and a “Closing Family Meal” with \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bigbadwolfsf/?hl=en\">Big Bad Wolf\u003c/a> — a popular cannabis-infused pop-up from first-generation Korean American chef Haeji Chun — will close out the festivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of that \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQ1aEaRyR5A\">T.W.D.Y song, “Player’s Holiday”\u003c/a> — but add in lentil dips, old-world vino, DJs, marketplace vendors, diasporic snacks, CBD goods and botanicals distributed for and by people of color in an effort to heal and connect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The heart of what we want to get at with this festival is sharing culture. But this is also about Brown and Black joy,” says Rosales. “We need and deserve spaces where we are taken care of. We deserve nice things. We deserve beautiful experiences. We don’t always have to be struggling and hustling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pocfoodandwine.com/events/\">The POC Food and Wine Festival\u003c/a> will take place from Thursday, May 2, through Sunday, May 5, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.fouronenine.com/\">Four One Nine\u003c/a> (419 10th St.) in San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"https://cielcreativespace.com/\">Ciel Creative Space\u003c/a> (935 Carleton St.) in Berkeley. \u003ca href=\"https://www.pocfoodandwine.com/tickets/\">Sliding-scale ticket options\u003c/a> are available. Attendees can select single events, entire days, the complete weekend package or the VIP package, depending on their budgets.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The first-ever 'POC Food and Wine Festival' features an array of foodmakers, winemakers and merchants of color.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714411377,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":967},"headData":{"title":"A New Bay Area Food Festival Celebrates Chefs of Color and Diasporic Unity | KQED","description":"The first-ever 'POC Food and Wine Festival' features an array of foodmakers, winemakers and merchants of color.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A New Bay Area Food Festival Celebrates Chefs of Color and Diasporic Unity","datePublished":"2024-04-26T16:31:15.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-29T17:22:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Food","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/food","sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"kqed-13956017","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956017/poc-food-festival-san-francisco-berkeley","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You’re at a food and wine festival in the Bay Area. But instead of the usual Chardonnay and chicken pairing, you’re drinking arak — an anise seed–based Palestinian spirit — and eating hearty Ethiopian sambussas in a space that is designated for diasporic, cross-communal celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You might sip on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/drinkkace/\">a Filipino and Taiwanese tea\u003c/a> founded by a pair of young AAPI entrepreneurs while enjoying bites from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/1610\">Chef Nelson German — the Dominican savant behind Oakland’s alaMar and Sobre Mesa\u003c/a>. And since true nourishment requires more than just food and beverages, you can sneak off for a CBD sound bath, or keep your energy balanced at an R&B Soul Lounge, before returning for the afterparty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a snippet of the vision that San Francisco event organizer Gina Mariko Rosales has in mind for the first-ever \u003ca href=\"https://www.pocfoodandwine.com/\">POC Food and Wine Festival\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want people to know up front that it’s a diverse space, and you’re welcome here,” Rosales says. “We’re already battling in the wine space. It doesn’t feel comfortable or safe for some people, and I knew I needed to create and name it so people would feel it’s a space for them. This is a celebration of the global majority. You gotta have big balls to do this shit. It’s not an easy feat.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Having co-founded UNDISCOVERED SF’s Creative Night Market in SOMA Pilipinas, and with nearly a decade of experience working as an event specialist with Google, Rosales believes she has the savvy and background to execute such an ambitious three-day festival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a huge desire to build a multicultural space to come together and meet each other, share resources, create collaborations that didn’t exist and expand our reach and make it bigger than any one cultural group. We need a space to come together,” she continues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956309\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956309\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3.jpg\" alt=\"A woman in a red jacket stands before a lavish spread of drinks, appetizers and flowers.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/ginamariko-pocfoodandwine-3-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The festival is the brainchild of San Francisco event planner Gina Mariko Rosales. \u003ccite>(Melissa De Mata)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In all, the bodacious festival will include seven events happening across two venues in Berkeley and San Francisco from Thursday, May 2, through Sunday, May 5 (with Friday, May 3, as an off-day). The inaugural festivities will comprise a who’s who of Bay Area foodmakers and small business owners of color, all gathered at one intentional table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival will kick off with a “Palestinian Family Meal” featuring one of the Bay Area’s most notable Palestinian chefs in Reem Assil (of \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reemscalifornia/\">Reem’s\u003c/a>). Assil’s dishes — an array of mezzes, flatbreads, sweets and more served for large group enjoyment — will be paired with\u003ca href=\"https://www.terahwineco.com/\"> Terah Wine Co.\u003c/a> and Terra Sancta, a local winemaker and an importer of Middle Eastern wines and arak, respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The opening night dinner underscores a mindful awareness to serve more than just good food. Rosales believes it’s also an opportunity to empower, uplift and educate around the various, complex politics that different Bay Area groups — often working in solidarity — must combat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956598\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956598\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021.jpg\" alt=\"A bowl of Palestinian lamb dumplings in yogurt sauce, presented in a pale yellow bowl.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2259\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-800x941.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-1020x1200.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-160x188.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-768x904.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-1305x1536.jpg 1305w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Alanna-Hale_ShishBarak_LambDumplings_021-1741x2048.jpg 1741w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For the festival’s Saturday main event, Reem’s will serve shish barak — lamb dumplings in yogurt sauce. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alanna Hale)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Food is an entryway to culture,” Rosales says. “Everyone wants good food. That’s how you get people in, and then it’s up to you to teach a lesson.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other festival highlights will include Saturday’s “Main Dish,” a palate-friendly carousel of curated food-and-wine pairings from 14 participating chefs. Featured dishes include \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/cheftudavidphu\">Chef Tu David Phu\u003c/a>’s banh khot (a rich Vietnamese pancake) with caviar and velarde truffle, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/tacossincero\">Tacos Sincero\u003c/a>’s charred sweet potato tostada with lime aioli, and salsa verde, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/tartsdefeybesse/\">Tarts de Feybesse\u003c/a>’s iÎle flottante — floating meringue in a custardy creme anglaise, infused with flavors from the Philippines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept is to expose festival goers with as many diverse foodmakers as possible from the Bay Area’s impressive scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Putting Ethiopia and the greater continent of Africa on the culinary map has always been our mission,” a representative for one participant, Oakland’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/cafecolucci/\">Cafe Colucci\u003c/a>, told KQED via email. “This is an opportunity to show our greater Bay Area community the power and importance of our diverse food environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13954899,arts_13956178,arts_13929494","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>A “Brown Is Beautiful” afterparty and a “Closing Family Meal” with \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bigbadwolfsf/?hl=en\">Big Bad Wolf\u003c/a> — a popular cannabis-infused pop-up from first-generation Korean American chef Haeji Chun — will close out the festivities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Think of that \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQ1aEaRyR5A\">T.W.D.Y song, “Player’s Holiday”\u003c/a> — but add in lentil dips, old-world vino, DJs, marketplace vendors, diasporic snacks, CBD goods and botanicals distributed for and by people of color in an effort to heal and connect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The heart of what we want to get at with this festival is sharing culture. But this is also about Brown and Black joy,” says Rosales. “We need and deserve spaces where we are taken care of. We deserve nice things. We deserve beautiful experiences. We don’t always have to be struggling and hustling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pocfoodandwine.com/events/\">The POC Food and Wine Festival\u003c/a> will take place from Thursday, May 2, through Sunday, May 5, at \u003ca href=\"https://www.fouronenine.com/\">Four One Nine\u003c/a> (419 10th St.) in San Francisco and \u003ca href=\"https://cielcreativespace.com/\">Ciel Creative Space\u003c/a> (935 Carleton St.) in Berkeley. \u003ca href=\"https://www.pocfoodandwine.com/tickets/\">Sliding-scale ticket options\u003c/a> are available. Attendees can select single events, entire days, the complete weekend package or the VIP package, depending on their budgets.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956017/poc-food-festival-san-francisco-berkeley","authors":["11748"],"programs":["arts_140"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_835","arts_12276"],"tags":["arts_2438","arts_4672","arts_1270","arts_21727","arts_10278","arts_22068","arts_2855","arts_1297","arts_1720","arts_14985","arts_21682","arts_1146","arts_585"],"featImg":"arts_13956601","label":"source_arts_13956017"},"arts_13956575":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956575","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956575","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sfmoma-workers-open-letter-palestinians-gaza-pacbi","title":"SFMOMA Workers Urge the Museum to Support Palestinians in an Open Letter","publishDate":1713983603,"format":"standard","headTitle":"SFMOMA Workers Urge the Museum to Support Palestinians in an Open Letter | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>On Wednesday morning, a group of workers at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) published \u003ca href=\"https://dearsfmoma.com/\">an open letter\u003c/a> to museum leadership, urging them to take a public stance in solidarity with Palestinians and join a boycott of Israeli institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We write as San Francisco Museum of Modern Art employees, in the absence of any statement from our institution’s leadership, to affirm our solidarity with the Palestinian people as they confront decades of violent oppression and apartheid and to condemn Israel’s devastating and ongoing siege of Gaza,” opens the letter addressed to Director Chris Bedford, the board of trustees and the executive committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter cites SFMOMA’s previous statements on diversity, equity and inclusion; in 2021, the museum published a statement that reads “museums and cultural organizations are not (and shout not be) neutral.” Arguing that SFMOMA leadership’s silence on the humanitarian crisis in Gaza undermines their stated values, the employees wrote, “We believe the museum is losing credibility and relevance as a result.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter asks SFMOMA to adopt four commitments: give a platform to Palestinian voices in commissions, collaborations and exhibitions, and vow not to censor pro-Palestinian work; create space for internal dialogue; call for an immediate and permanent ceasefire; and join the \u003ca href=\"https://bdsmovement.net/pacbi\">Palestinian Campaign for the Academic and Cultural Boycott of Israel\u003c/a> (PACBI).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PACBI is part of the Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions movement, which calls for a boycott of Israeli institutions until its government ends its siege and occupation of Gaza and the West Bank, gives equal rights to ethnically Palestinian citizens of Israel and allows Palestinian refugees to return to their homelands. The SFMOMA workers’ letter underscores that PACBI is not a boycott of individuals based on their identity, and that the workers also stand against antisemitism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke with an SFMOMA worker who contributed to the letter, who asked that their name be withheld out of retaliation concerns. “We have been seeing unprecedented levels of censorship and cancellation across the art world,” the employee said. “We’ve seen shows of Palestinian artists canceled. We’ve seen shows and talks and panels of those supporting Palestinian resistance canceled. This quashes the opportunity for public to hear a diversity of perspectives, and I think it’s the duty of cultural workers to question why that is happening and then push back against it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFMOMA’s director of communications did not respond to KQED’s requests for comment as of publication time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFMOMA workers are joining an international wave of artists and arts workers protesting in solidarity with Palestinians. In New York, Museum of Modern Art workers sent a similar letter to their leadership in February, as did those at the Met and the Brooklyn Museum. [aside postid='arts_13955613,arts_13954119']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, a block away from SFMOMA at the Contemporary Jewish Museum, a group of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13955613/pro-palestinian-jewish-artists-withdraw-from-contemporary-jewish-museum-exhibit\">pro-Palestinian Jewish artists pulled out of a group exhibition\u003c/a> in protest after museum leaders declined to join PACBI and meet other demands. Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, across the street from SFMOMA, has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13954119/an-embattled-ybca-to-reopen-amid-censorship-accusations-ceos-resignation\">embroiled in censorship accusations\u003c/a> ever since the museum shut down for a month following a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13952460/artists-deface-work-ybca-pro-palestine-protest\">February pro-Palestinian demonstration\u003c/a>, during which artists added protest messages to their exhibited works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most large arts institutions in the Bay Area and nationwide have been hesitant to make statements on the humanitarian crisis Gaza, several smaller organizations have \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VZAto1GFIWTYvyrxsXymfvQpmADtHAH_RwsSc5JXNk4/edit\">vowed to join PACBI\u003c/a>, including experimental music venue The Lab and art space Galería de la Raza in San Francisco, and drag festival Oaklash and art center Eastside Arts Alliance in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of publication time, nearly 200 people have signed the SFMOMA workers’ letter, including artists, museum patrons and 50 current employees.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The letter calls on the museum to join an academic and cultural boycott of Israeli institutions. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714002413,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":642},"headData":{"title":"SFMOMA Workers Urge Museum to Support Palestinians in Letter | KQED","description":"The letter calls on the museum to join an academic and cultural boycott of Israeli institutions. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"SFMOMA Workers Urge Museum to Support Palestinians in Letter %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"SFMOMA Workers Urge the Museum to Support Palestinians in an Open Letter","datePublished":"2024-04-24T18:33:23.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-24T23:46:53.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"kqed-13956575","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956575/sfmoma-workers-open-letter-palestinians-gaza-pacbi","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Wednesday morning, a group of workers at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (SFMOMA) published \u003ca href=\"https://dearsfmoma.com/\">an open letter\u003c/a> to museum leadership, urging them to take a public stance in solidarity with Palestinians and join a boycott of Israeli institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We write as San Francisco Museum of Modern Art employees, in the absence of any statement from our institution’s leadership, to affirm our solidarity with the Palestinian people as they confront decades of violent oppression and apartheid and to condemn Israel’s devastating and ongoing siege of Gaza,” opens the letter addressed to Director Chris Bedford, the board of trustees and the executive committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter cites SFMOMA’s previous statements on diversity, equity and inclusion; in 2021, the museum published a statement that reads “museums and cultural organizations are not (and shout not be) neutral.” Arguing that SFMOMA leadership’s silence on the humanitarian crisis in Gaza undermines their stated values, the employees wrote, “We believe the museum is losing credibility and relevance as a result.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter asks SFMOMA to adopt four commitments: give a platform to Palestinian voices in commissions, collaborations and exhibitions, and vow not to censor pro-Palestinian work; create space for internal dialogue; call for an immediate and permanent ceasefire; and join the \u003ca href=\"https://bdsmovement.net/pacbi\">Palestinian Campaign for the Academic and Cultural Boycott of Israel\u003c/a> (PACBI).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PACBI is part of the Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions movement, which calls for a boycott of Israeli institutions until its government ends its siege and occupation of Gaza and the West Bank, gives equal rights to ethnically Palestinian citizens of Israel and allows Palestinian refugees to return to their homelands. The SFMOMA workers’ letter underscores that PACBI is not a boycott of individuals based on their identity, and that the workers also stand against antisemitism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke with an SFMOMA worker who contributed to the letter, who asked that their name be withheld out of retaliation concerns. “We have been seeing unprecedented levels of censorship and cancellation across the art world,” the employee said. “We’ve seen shows of Palestinian artists canceled. We’ve seen shows and talks and panels of those supporting Palestinian resistance canceled. This quashes the opportunity for public to hear a diversity of perspectives, and I think it’s the duty of cultural workers to question why that is happening and then push back against it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFMOMA’s director of communications did not respond to KQED’s requests for comment as of publication time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SFMOMA workers are joining an international wave of artists and arts workers protesting in solidarity with Palestinians. In New York, Museum of Modern Art workers sent a similar letter to their leadership in February, as did those at the Met and the Brooklyn Museum. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955613,arts_13954119","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, a block away from SFMOMA at the Contemporary Jewish Museum, a group of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13955613/pro-palestinian-jewish-artists-withdraw-from-contemporary-jewish-museum-exhibit\">pro-Palestinian Jewish artists pulled out of a group exhibition\u003c/a> in protest after museum leaders declined to join PACBI and meet other demands. Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, across the street from SFMOMA, has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13954119/an-embattled-ybca-to-reopen-amid-censorship-accusations-ceos-resignation\">embroiled in censorship accusations\u003c/a> ever since the museum shut down for a month following a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13952460/artists-deface-work-ybca-pro-palestine-protest\">February pro-Palestinian demonstration\u003c/a>, during which artists added protest messages to their exhibited works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most large arts institutions in the Bay Area and nationwide have been hesitant to make statements on the humanitarian crisis Gaza, several smaller organizations have \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1VZAto1GFIWTYvyrxsXymfvQpmADtHAH_RwsSc5JXNk4/edit\">vowed to join PACBI\u003c/a>, including experimental music venue The Lab and art space Galería de la Raza in San Francisco, and drag festival Oaklash and art center Eastside Arts Alliance in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of publication time, nearly 200 people have signed the SFMOMA workers’ letter, including artists, museum patrons and 50 current employees.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956575/sfmoma-workers-open-letter-palestinians-gaza-pacbi","authors":["11387"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_235","arts_70"],"tags":["arts_10278","arts_10422","arts_8838","arts_1381"],"featImg":"arts_13956649","label":"arts"},"arts_13956615":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956615","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956615","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"east-bay-street-photographers-want-you-to-take-notice","title":"East Bay Street Photographers Want You to Take ‘Notice’","publishDate":1714072236,"format":"standard","headTitle":"East Bay Street Photographers Want You to Take ‘Notice’ | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":140,"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>When photographers come together to show their work, the stories flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s sure to be the case at the Oakland Photo Workshop on Friday, May 3, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/camerasandcoffeeclub/\">the Oakland Street Photography Collective \u003c/a>and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/eastbayphotocollective/\">East Bay Photo Collective\u003c/a> host “NOTICE.” The event will feature work from top-tier Bay Area street photographers from the Oakland Street Photography Collective, and is curated by pablo circa and Demandre Ward (who are also members of the Oakland Street Photography Collective).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to celebrating the visual art mounted on the walls of the community gallery space in Oakland’s Chinatown, the event will see the group releasing a new zine and partying to the sounds of a DJ set from \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ovrkast/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OVRKAST\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A social media post describing the show explains, “Through the lens of talented photographers, ‘NOTICE’ prompts us to reconsider our perspectives and appreciate the intricate details that often elude our attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956624\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956624 size-medium\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a bucket hat and dress shirt hold up a printed photo of themselves. \" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-2048x2048.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-1920x1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An attendee at an East Bay Photo Collective event called “Swaptastic,” holds up a printed portrait of themselves. \u003ccite>(Malcolm Wallace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On display that evening will be the artwork of photographers\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/rough_thesis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/pablocirca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pablo circa\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ruffdraft/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brandon Ruffin\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ariel_mason_/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ariel Mason\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bradleyfowl/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bradley Fowl\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/elbooi/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elvin Catley\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/tareweezy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tare Sang\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/rudimarr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rudi Tcruz\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/dre.wick/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Demondre Ward \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/00hsh00t/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kristian Salum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/rough_thesis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Najee Tobin\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, whose art will also be showing, is part of the East Bay Photo Collective’s gallery team. A Vallejo-raised artist who focuses on portrait photography with elements of fine art, Tobin says the group’s work is an important part of the landscape for local photographers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956623 size-medium\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The five members of the East Bay Photo Collective pose for a photograph. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The East Bay Photo Collective (left to right: Jenny Sampson, Anita Gay, Najee Tobin, Jyoti Liggin, and Vince Donavan ). \u003ccite>(Malcolm Wallace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s an easygoing, supportive space where you’re allowed to experiment,” Tobin says of the collective, pointing out the frequent barriers to entry — financial or otherwise — when it comes to doing photography in academia or the world of fine art. ” They just want to see the work, that’s what’s important to me.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay Photo Collective hosts workshops on specific photography topics throughout the year. The group also holds an annual gear sale, where cameras and accessories are donated, cleaned up and sold for a low price to aspiring photographers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956622\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956622 size-medium\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a black and white photo of a woman standing in a gallery looking at framed images mounted on a wall. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aja Cooper, daughter of the late photographer Raymond Cooper, takes a look at her dad’s work. \u003ccite>(Malcolm Wallace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month the collective held a closing reception for an exhibition that featured photos from the archives of Raymond Cooper, the late Oakland photographer whose images of the Town during the ’70s and ’80s were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953013/raymond-cooper-oakland-photography-1970s-east-bay-photo-collective\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rescued from a trash can in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see a lot of my friends and fellow photographers in his archives,” says Tobin, reflecting on the event and Cooper’s work. “It was nice to see somebody celebrated for doing what we do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>‘NOTICE,’ a show highlighting the work of the Oakland Street Photography Collective, takes place on Friday, May 3, from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at the Oakland Photo Workshop (312 8th Street, Oakland).\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"With a new show, a collective of Oakland's top-tier lens artists invites viewers to see beauty in the mundane.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714151007,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":530},"headData":{"title":"East Bay Street Photographers Want You to Take ‘Notice’ | KQED","description":"With a new show, a collective of Oakland's top-tier lens artists invites viewers to see beauty in the mundane.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"East Bay Street Photographers Want You to Take ‘Notice’","datePublished":"2024-04-25T19:10:36.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-26T17:03:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"kqed-13956615","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956615/east-bay-street-photographers-want-you-to-take-notice","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When photographers come together to show their work, the stories flow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s sure to be the case at the Oakland Photo Workshop on Friday, May 3, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/camerasandcoffeeclub/\">the Oakland Street Photography Collective \u003c/a>and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/eastbayphotocollective/\">East Bay Photo Collective\u003c/a> host “NOTICE.” The event will feature work from top-tier Bay Area street photographers from the Oakland Street Photography Collective, and is curated by pablo circa and Demandre Ward (who are also members of the Oakland Street Photography Collective).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to celebrating the visual art mounted on the walls of the community gallery space in Oakland’s Chinatown, the event will see the group releasing a new zine and partying to the sounds of a DJ set from \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ovrkast/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OVRKAST\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A social media post describing the show explains, “Through the lens of talented photographers, ‘NOTICE’ prompts us to reconsider our perspectives and appreciate the intricate details that often elude our attention.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956624\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956624 size-medium\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a bucket hat and dress shirt hold up a printed photo of themselves. \" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-2048x2048.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EB-34-1920x1920.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An attendee at an East Bay Photo Collective event called “Swaptastic,” holds up a printed portrait of themselves. \u003ccite>(Malcolm Wallace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On display that evening will be the artwork of photographers\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/rough_thesis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/pablocirca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pablo circa\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ruffdraft/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Brandon Ruffin\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ariel_mason_/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ariel Mason\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/bradleyfowl/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Bradley Fowl\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/elbooi/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Elvin Catley\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/tareweezy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tare Sang\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/rudimarr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rudi Tcruz\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/dre.wick/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Demondre Ward \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/00hsh00t/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kristian Salum\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/rough_thesis/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Najee Tobin\u003c/span>\u003c/a>, whose art will also be showing, is part of the East Bay Photo Collective’s gallery team. A Vallejo-raised artist who focuses on portrait photography with elements of fine art, Tobin says the group’s work is an important part of the landscape for local photographers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956623\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956623 size-medium\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The five members of the East Bay Photo Collective pose for a photograph. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-141-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The East Bay Photo Collective (left to right: Jenny Sampson, Anita Gay, Najee Tobin, Jyoti Liggin, and Vince Donavan ). \u003ccite>(Malcolm Wallace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s an easygoing, supportive space where you’re allowed to experiment,” Tobin says of the collective, pointing out the frequent barriers to entry — financial or otherwise — when it comes to doing photography in academia or the world of fine art. ” They just want to see the work, that’s what’s important to me.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The East Bay Photo Collective hosts workshops on specific photography topics throughout the year. The group also holds an annual gear sale, where cameras and accessories are donated, cleaned up and sold for a low price to aspiring photographers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956622\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956622 size-medium\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"a black and white photo of a woman standing in a gallery looking at framed images mounted on a wall. \" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/EBCO-FEB-24-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aja Cooper, daughter of the late photographer Raymond Cooper, takes a look at her dad’s work. \u003ccite>(Malcolm Wallace)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month the collective held a closing reception for an exhibition that featured photos from the archives of Raymond Cooper, the late Oakland photographer whose images of the Town during the ’70s and ’80s were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953013/raymond-cooper-oakland-photography-1970s-east-bay-photo-collective\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rescued from a trash can in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see a lot of my friends and fellow photographers in his archives,” says Tobin, reflecting on the event and Cooper’s work. “It was nice to see somebody celebrated for doing what we do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>‘NOTICE,’ a show highlighting the work of the Oakland Street Photography Collective, takes place on Friday, May 3, from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m. at the Oakland Photo Workshop (312 8th Street, Oakland).\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956615/east-bay-street-photographers-want-you-to-take-notice","authors":["11491"],"programs":["arts_140"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_835","arts_70"],"tags":["arts_820","arts_11374","arts_8167","arts_10278","arts_1143","arts_822","arts_585"],"featImg":"arts_13956621","label":"arts_140"},"arts_13956032":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956032","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956032","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"tiktok-octopus-terrance-two-spot-california-weird-pets","title":"A Californian Two-Spot Octopus Named Terrance Is a TikTok Sensation","publishDate":1713285307,"format":"standard","headTitle":"A Californian Two-Spot Octopus Named Terrance Is a TikTok Sensation | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>The one thing 9-year-old Cal Clifford wanted more than anything since he was a toddler was a pet octopus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boy’s family in rural Edmond, Oklahoma, humored him with toy versions of an eight-legged mollusk, but as Cal got older it became clear that only the real thing would do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13951961']The child’s father, 36-year-old dentist Cameron Clifford, researched the possibility with a local aquarium store and before long Terrance the California two-spot octopus, also known as a bimac, was living in a watery enclosure at the family home southwest of Oklahoma City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really like to encourage our children’s interests,” said the older Clifford. “It’s magical to see a kid embrace their dreams and bring them to fruition. Cal has been infatuated with the natural world and with marine biology since he was very little.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus\">popular TikTok saga\u003c/a> was launched with the father narrating the tale of Terrance the cephalopod, using a faux British accent generated by the social media app. Eventually, hundreds of thousands of people were following.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7347009867028270382\" data-video-id=\"7347009867028270382\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> AW SHUCKS. \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwater\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwater?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwater\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"aquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/aquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#aquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"petoctopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/petoctopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#petoctopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"clambake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/clambake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#clambake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ Reggae Relaxante Base - Dance Comercial Music\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/Reggae-Relaxante-Base-7146231087398668290?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ Reggae Relaxante Base – Dance Comercial Music\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[tiktok]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within weeks, the tale took a surprise turn when it was learned Terrance was actually a female as she laid some 50 eggs that the family initially assumed were unfertilized. Several weeks after that, teeny near-transparent octopus babies began hatching and were given names like Rocket Larry, Squid Cudi, Swim Shady, Jay-Sea and Sea-Yoncé.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7353825745661250862\" data-video-id=\"7353825745661250862\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> AN OCTOPOSSE \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"petoctopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/petoctopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#petoctopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"mom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/mom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#mom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"crabcake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/crabcake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#crabcake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"clambake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/clambake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#clambake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"octomom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octomom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octomom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"biology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/biology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#biology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"carpetcleaners\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/carpetcleaners?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#carpetcleaners\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - Shoptopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7353825857968540462?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – Shoptopus\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[tiktok]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal had burst into tears at the family dinner table when his father first announced that the local aquarium store had told him adopting an octopus would be possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Father and son together researched what was needed, deciding on a saltwater tank and water cycling system and ensuring they would be able to source food for the soft-bodied sea creature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family’s younger son Lyle and mom Kari also joined the project in their own ways. A family friend who is a reptile scientist has provided support and advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While female octopuses usually die soon after laying their eggs, Clifford said Terrance remains alive four months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7355098970932153646\" data-video-id=\"7355098970932153646\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> FB Marketplace IYKYK \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"aquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/aquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#aquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"mom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/mom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#mom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"clambake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/clambake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#clambake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"petoctopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/petoctopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#petoctopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"crabcake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/crabcake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#crabcake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - Shoptopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7355099371962583851?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – Shoptopus\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[tiktok]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clifford said the family has gained much from the experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955125']“Aside from the physical, financial and emotional requirements of owning a species such as a bimac, you will learn a lot about yourself in the process,” the Arizona-born Clifford told TikTok followers in his app-generated accent. “There’s always some valve or seal that’s not completely closed, and your storm resistant carpet isn’t rated for gallons and gallons of seawater. You’ll learn that seawater and electricity don’t always get along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You will learn new things and meet incredible people and will learn that wildlife is magnificent,” he added. “But most of all, you’ll learn to love a not-so-tiny octopus like Terrance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7356635947531849002\" data-video-id=\"7356635947531849002\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> THANK YOU OCTO-NATION 🐙 ❤️ \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"mom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/mom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#mom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"crabcake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/crabcake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#crabcake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"biology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/biology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#biology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"carpetcleaners\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/carpetcleaners?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#carpetcleaners\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ Elevator Music (Music Background) - Music Background & Easy Listening Background Music & Haruto Nakamori\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/Elevator-Music-Music-Background-6841973391990212610?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ Elevator Music (Music Background) – Music Background & Easy Listening Background Music & Haruto Nakamori\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[tiktok]\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A well-intentioned dad bought his son an octopus. Things got wildly out of hand once she started laying eggs...","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713285307,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":604},"headData":{"title":"Terrance, the Californian Two-Spot Octopus: A TikTok Saga | KQED","description":"A well-intentioned dad bought his son an octopus. Things got wildly out of hand once she started laying eggs...","ogTitle":"A Californian Two-Spot Octopus Named Terrance Is a TikTok Sensation","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"A Californian Two-Spot Octopus Named Terrance Is a TikTok Sensation","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"Terrance, the Californian Two-Spot Octopus: A TikTok Saga%%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A Californian Two-Spot Octopus Named Terrance Is a TikTok Sensation","datePublished":"2024-04-16T16:35:07.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-16T16:35:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Anita Snow, Associated Press","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956032/tiktok-octopus-terrance-two-spot-california-weird-pets","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The one thing 9-year-old Cal Clifford wanted more than anything since he was a toddler was a pet octopus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The boy’s family in rural Edmond, Oklahoma, humored him with toy versions of an eight-legged mollusk, but as Cal got older it became clear that only the real thing would do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13951961","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The child’s father, 36-year-old dentist Cameron Clifford, researched the possibility with a local aquarium store and before long Terrance the California two-spot octopus, also known as a bimac, was living in a watery enclosure at the family home southwest of Oklahoma City.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really like to encourage our children’s interests,” said the older Clifford. “It’s magical to see a kid embrace their dreams and bring them to fruition. Cal has been infatuated with the natural world and with marine biology since he was very little.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus\">popular TikTok saga\u003c/a> was launched with the father narrating the tale of Terrance the cephalopod, using a faux British accent generated by the social media app. Eventually, hundreds of thousands of people were following.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7347009867028270382\" data-video-id=\"7347009867028270382\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> AW SHUCKS. \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwater\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwater?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwater\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"aquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/aquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#aquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"petoctopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/petoctopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#petoctopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"clambake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/clambake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#clambake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ Reggae Relaxante Base - Dance Comercial Music\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/Reggae-Relaxante-Base-7146231087398668290?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ Reggae Relaxante Base – Dance Comercial Music\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"tiktok","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within weeks, the tale took a surprise turn when it was learned Terrance was actually a female as she laid some 50 eggs that the family initially assumed were unfertilized. Several weeks after that, teeny near-transparent octopus babies began hatching and were given names like Rocket Larry, Squid Cudi, Swim Shady, Jay-Sea and Sea-Yoncé.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7353825745661250862\" data-video-id=\"7353825745661250862\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> AN OCTOPOSSE \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"petoctopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/petoctopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#petoctopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"mom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/mom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#mom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"crabcake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/crabcake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#crabcake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"clambake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/clambake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#clambake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"octomom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octomom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octomom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"biology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/biology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#biology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"carpetcleaners\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/carpetcleaners?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#carpetcleaners\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - Shoptopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7353825857968540462?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – Shoptopus\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"tiktok","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cal had burst into tears at the family dinner table when his father first announced that the local aquarium store had told him adopting an octopus would be possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Father and son together researched what was needed, deciding on a saltwater tank and water cycling system and ensuring they would be able to source food for the soft-bodied sea creature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family’s younger son Lyle and mom Kari also joined the project in their own ways. A family friend who is a reptile scientist has provided support and advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While female octopuses usually die soon after laying their eggs, Clifford said Terrance remains alive four months later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7355098970932153646\" data-video-id=\"7355098970932153646\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> FB Marketplace IYKYK \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"aquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/aquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#aquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"mom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/mom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#mom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"clambake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/clambake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#clambake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"petoctopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/petoctopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#petoctopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"crabcake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/crabcake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#crabcake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - Shoptopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7355099371962583851?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – Shoptopus\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"tiktok","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clifford said the family has gained much from the experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955125","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Aside from the physical, financial and emotional requirements of owning a species such as a bimac, you will learn a lot about yourself in the process,” the Arizona-born Clifford told TikTok followers in his app-generated accent. “There’s always some valve or seal that’s not completely closed, and your storm resistant carpet isn’t rated for gallons and gallons of seawater. You’ll learn that seawater and electricity don’t always get along.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You will learn new things and meet incredible people and will learn that wildlife is magnificent,” he added. “But most of all, you’ll learn to love a not-so-tiny octopus like Terrance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus/video/7356635947531849002\" data-video-id=\"7356635947531849002\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@doctoktopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@doctoktopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@doctoktopus\u003c/a> THANK YOU OCTO-NATION 🐙 ❤️ \u003ca title=\"octopus\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/octopus?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#octopus\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"marinebiology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/marinebiology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#marinebiology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"shrimpdaddy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/shrimpdaddy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#shrimpdaddy\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwateraquarium\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwateraquarium?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwateraquarium\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"fyp\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/fyp?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#fyp\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"saltwatertank\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/saltwatertank?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#saltwatertank\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"mom\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/mom?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#mom\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"crabcake\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/crabcake?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#crabcake\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"cephalopod\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/cephalopod?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#cephalopod\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"biology\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/biology?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#biology\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"carpetcleaners\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/carpetcleaners?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#carpetcleaners\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ Elevator Music (Music Background) - Music Background & Easy Listening Background Music & Haruto Nakamori\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/Elevator-Music-Music-Background-6841973391990212610?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ Elevator Music (Music Background) – Music Background & Easy Listening Background Music & Haruto Nakamori\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"tiktok","attributes":{"named":{"label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956032/tiktok-octopus-terrance-two-spot-california-weird-pets","authors":["byline_arts_13956032"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_75"],"tags":["arts_9124","arts_8818","arts_2137","arts_2391","arts_8017"],"featImg":"arts_13956034","label":"arts"},"arts_13956246":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956246","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956246","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-stud-san-francisco-lgbtq-bar-reopening","title":"The Stud, SF's Oldest Queer Bar, Gears Up for a Grand Reopening","publishDate":1713551661,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The Stud, SF’s Oldest Queer Bar, Gears Up for a Grand Reopening | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.studsf.com/\">the Stud\u003c/a> closed its doors at the onset of the pandemic in 2020, its worker-owner collective vowed to one day return. After all, the legendary LGBTQ+ bar had been around in various incarnations since 1966, nurturing the weird, alternative and experimental pockets of queer performance in San Francisco ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud’s official reopening at its new South of Market location (1123-1125 Folsom Street) finally arrives this Saturday, April 20, with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> party celebrating its different eras. After a blessing from the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence, festivities kick off at 6 p.m. with a 1960s cowboy-themed DJ set and performance. Each hour of the party will be dedicated to a different decade (“The Disco Era,” “The Club Kid Era”), culminating with a look into the future at midnight. Among the entertainers are original disco DJ Steve Fabus, who’s been spinning since the ’70s; drag diva (and fashion designer to the drag stars) Glamamore, performing an homage to the late \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13929572/heklina-castro-memorial\">Heklina\u003c/a>’s beloved party T-Shack; and multi-hyphenate artist Honey Mahogany, a Stud co-owner deeply involved in San Francisco politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Stud gears up for its grand reopening, Mahogany spoke with KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi about what lies ahead in this new iteration of San Francisco’s oldest queer bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13915269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13915269\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honey Mahogany speaks during a rally after the Trans March in San Francisco on June 24, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Adhiti Bandlamudi:\u003c/strong> The Stud has such a rich history, and the theme of tomorrow’s opening night party reflects that. Can you tell us more about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Honey Mahogany:\u003c/strong> The Stud first opened in 1966. It’s been the living room for so many people, not just in the neighborhood, but across the country. During the ’60s, it really started off as a leather bar, and then really became more of a Western bar. But it quickly evolved into a place where everyone felt welcome — whether it be women, queers, hair fairies or trans people. So many different groups and communities feel welcome at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My favorite story of the Stud is that during the ’60s … Huey Newton, who was one of the leaders of the Black Panther Party, made this incredible speech where he talked about building unity between the women’s movement and the LGBTQ movement. One of the first places that the LGBTQ Liberation Front and the Black Panther Party actually met was at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Stud has faced several closures in the past. And every time that idea became more of a reality, it sounds like community members who really care about the bar came together to keep it alive. In 2016, when the previous owner was going to retire, you and other artists, DJs and performers got together and started the Stud Collective. As I understand it, it’s one of the first co-op nightclubs in the country. How has this collective model made a difference as you get ready to open the state again?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was sort of, I don’t want to say an act of desperation, but so many LGBTQ nightlife venues were closing all across the country, and especially here in San Francisco. LGBTQ venues were being priced out. Certainly, that was the case with the Stud, where the previous owner was just like, “I can’t afford to pay triple what I was paying in rent. So I can’t do this anymore.” And he really made a callout to the community, hoping that someone would come and save the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud has always been kind of a dive bar \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>more of a community space than a big moneymaker. So a bunch of us who could not have afforded to buy the bar on our own \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>a group of 17 \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span> worked to build the collective, set up a system of rules, come up with a plan for how we were going to save the Stud, and we were successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I won’t say that it was easy. It was lots of long nights, lots of arguments, lots of personalities and ideas. But ultimately, I do think that having collective ownership of a space like the Stud is really important because it ensures that the space remains open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880908\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float--160x115.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Stud’s first Pride float in 1974. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of The Stud)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’m curious to understand more about that journey, especially because of COVID and the aftereffects of it. What has that journey been like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID was a real bummer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>To say the least. \u003c/strong>[aside postid='arts_13936556']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We actually shut down relatively early, because we didn’t know what was going to happen or how soon we were going to open up. We also knew that we couldn’t afford to keep going. Actually, we did not go completely dark. We very quickly hopped online, hosting drag shows and DJ parties on the weekends, so people could safely enjoy performance art and drag and music from their own homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s also been some fundraising that’s been going on. \u003ca href=\"https://givebutter.com/c/Stud2024\">The crowdfunding goal\u003c/a> is $500,000, and last I checked, like $74,000 had been donated. And people are still donating.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowdfunding is just one part of where we’ve been raising money. We’ve been raising money through other spaces as well — selling some assets and things like that. And so right now we’re just above $425,000 that we’ve been able to pull together. So that leaves about $75,000 left that we have to raise. And we are really excited, because it’s enabled us to get this far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 655px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880907\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg\" alt=\"A black-and-white photo of a drag queen nun and two mustached men partying.\" width=\"655\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg 655w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Partygoers at the Stud, including a Sister of Perpetual Indulgence, in 1991. \u003ccite>(Melissa Hawkins)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But that $75,000 is going to be really key into seeing the longevity of the Stud, and also to really make the Stud what it used to be, which was not just a dance bar or a dance space, but also a place where there were epic, life-changing performances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space that we’ve taken over now is so cool, but it is not a performance space. We’ve got two separate bar areas and dance floors. But we do not have a stage. We do not have a dressing room. We do not have an area for the performers to be able to use the restroom and get changed and all of that stuff. So we want to take out the industrial kitchen that takes up a quarter of the bar currently, convert that into dressing rooms and bathrooms for the performers, and then also build out a stage so that we can bring back those epic Stud drag shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the ways in which we are incentivizing people to help us get to that $500,000 goal is we have the Stud’s opening night party this Saturday. We released tickets on Monday and, within six minutes, all sold out. There will be some tickets at the door. But folks are definitely planning on getting there early. [aside postid='arts_13953497']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The new Stud won’t just be a nightclub, right? There are plans to include a school that will teach the art of drag. Can you tell me more about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are planning on opening the drag school. It’s going to be a collaboration between the Stud and CounterPulse. It’s going to be a bit of an interesting model because a lot of the classes will probably be off-site. But we are definitely going to train people in the art of drag, help them get their starts, provide them with mentors, bring specialists in — costuming, makeup, hair and performance and dance — and really give them the tools that they need to be successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Stud is located at 1123-1125 Folsom Street. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">The Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> reopening party begins at 5:30 p.m. on April 20. \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/studsf\">Follow the Stud on Instagram\u003c/a> for updates on business hours and future events.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The historic bar's new SoMa location debuts with a time machine-themed party celebrating its different eras.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713559167,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1384},"headData":{"title":"The Stud, SF's Oldest Queer Bar, Gears Up for a Grand Reopening | KQED","description":"The historic bar's new SoMa location debuts with a time machine-themed party celebrating its different eras.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Stud, SF's Oldest Queer Bar, Gears Up for a Grand Reopening","datePublished":"2024-04-19T18:34:21.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T20:39:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/7fc79c25-862e-45d6-a298-b157011425d9/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956246/the-stud-san-francisco-lgbtq-bar-reopening","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.studsf.com/\">the Stud\u003c/a> closed its doors at the onset of the pandemic in 2020, its worker-owner collective vowed to one day return. After all, the legendary LGBTQ+ bar had been around in various incarnations since 1966, nurturing the weird, alternative and experimental pockets of queer performance in San Francisco ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud’s official reopening at its new South of Market location (1123-1125 Folsom Street) finally arrives this Saturday, April 20, with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> party celebrating its different eras. After a blessing from the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence, festivities kick off at 6 p.m. with a 1960s cowboy-themed DJ set and performance. Each hour of the party will be dedicated to a different decade (“The Disco Era,” “The Club Kid Era”), culminating with a look into the future at midnight. Among the entertainers are original disco DJ Steve Fabus, who’s been spinning since the ’70s; drag diva (and fashion designer to the drag stars) Glamamore, performing an homage to the late \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13929572/heklina-castro-memorial\">Heklina\u003c/a>’s beloved party T-Shack; and multi-hyphenate artist Honey Mahogany, a Stud co-owner deeply involved in San Francisco politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Stud gears up for its grand reopening, Mahogany spoke with KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi about what lies ahead in this new iteration of San Francisco’s oldest queer bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13915269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13915269\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honey Mahogany speaks during a rally after the Trans March in San Francisco on June 24, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Adhiti Bandlamudi:\u003c/strong> The Stud has such a rich history, and the theme of tomorrow’s opening night party reflects that. Can you tell us more about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Honey Mahogany:\u003c/strong> The Stud first opened in 1966. It’s been the living room for so many people, not just in the neighborhood, but across the country. During the ’60s, it really started off as a leather bar, and then really became more of a Western bar. But it quickly evolved into a place where everyone felt welcome — whether it be women, queers, hair fairies or trans people. So many different groups and communities feel welcome at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My favorite story of the Stud is that during the ’60s … Huey Newton, who was one of the leaders of the Black Panther Party, made this incredible speech where he talked about building unity between the women’s movement and the LGBTQ movement. One of the first places that the LGBTQ Liberation Front and the Black Panther Party actually met was at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Stud has faced several closures in the past. And every time that idea became more of a reality, it sounds like community members who really care about the bar came together to keep it alive. In 2016, when the previous owner was going to retire, you and other artists, DJs and performers got together and started the Stud Collective. As I understand it, it’s one of the first co-op nightclubs in the country. How has this collective model made a difference as you get ready to open the state again?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was sort of, I don’t want to say an act of desperation, but so many LGBTQ nightlife venues were closing all across the country, and especially here in San Francisco. LGBTQ venues were being priced out. Certainly, that was the case with the Stud, where the previous owner was just like, “I can’t afford to pay triple what I was paying in rent. So I can’t do this anymore.” And he really made a callout to the community, hoping that someone would come and save the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud has always been kind of a dive bar \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>more of a community space than a big moneymaker. So a bunch of us who could not have afforded to buy the bar on our own \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>a group of 17 \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span> worked to build the collective, set up a system of rules, come up with a plan for how we were going to save the Stud, and we were successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I won’t say that it was easy. It was lots of long nights, lots of arguments, lots of personalities and ideas. But ultimately, I do think that having collective ownership of a space like the Stud is really important because it ensures that the space remains open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880908\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float--160x115.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Stud’s first Pride float in 1974. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of The Stud)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’m curious to understand more about that journey, especially because of COVID and the aftereffects of it. What has that journey been like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID was a real bummer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>To say the least. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13936556","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We actually shut down relatively early, because we didn’t know what was going to happen or how soon we were going to open up. We also knew that we couldn’t afford to keep going. Actually, we did not go completely dark. We very quickly hopped online, hosting drag shows and DJ parties on the weekends, so people could safely enjoy performance art and drag and music from their own homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s also been some fundraising that’s been going on. \u003ca href=\"https://givebutter.com/c/Stud2024\">The crowdfunding goal\u003c/a> is $500,000, and last I checked, like $74,000 had been donated. And people are still donating.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowdfunding is just one part of where we’ve been raising money. We’ve been raising money through other spaces as well — selling some assets and things like that. And so right now we’re just above $425,000 that we’ve been able to pull together. So that leaves about $75,000 left that we have to raise. And we are really excited, because it’s enabled us to get this far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 655px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880907\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg\" alt=\"A black-and-white photo of a drag queen nun and two mustached men partying.\" width=\"655\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg 655w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Partygoers at the Stud, including a Sister of Perpetual Indulgence, in 1991. \u003ccite>(Melissa Hawkins)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But that $75,000 is going to be really key into seeing the longevity of the Stud, and also to really make the Stud what it used to be, which was not just a dance bar or a dance space, but also a place where there were epic, life-changing performances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space that we’ve taken over now is so cool, but it is not a performance space. We’ve got two separate bar areas and dance floors. But we do not have a stage. We do not have a dressing room. We do not have an area for the performers to be able to use the restroom and get changed and all of that stuff. So we want to take out the industrial kitchen that takes up a quarter of the bar currently, convert that into dressing rooms and bathrooms for the performers, and then also build out a stage so that we can bring back those epic Stud drag shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the ways in which we are incentivizing people to help us get to that $500,000 goal is we have the Stud’s opening night party this Saturday. We released tickets on Monday and, within six minutes, all sold out. There will be some tickets at the door. But folks are definitely planning on getting there early. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13953497","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The new Stud won’t just be a nightclub, right? There are plans to include a school that will teach the art of drag. Can you tell me more about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are planning on opening the drag school. It’s going to be a collaboration between the Stud and CounterPulse. It’s going to be a bit of an interesting model because a lot of the classes will probably be off-site. But we are definitely going to train people in the art of drag, help them get their starts, provide them with mentors, bring specialists in — costuming, makeup, hair and performance and dance — and really give them the tools that they need to be successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Stud is located at 1123-1125 Folsom Street. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">The Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> reopening party begins at 5:30 p.m. on April 20. \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/studsf\">Follow the Stud on Instagram\u003c/a> for updates on business hours and future events.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956246/the-stud-san-francisco-lgbtq-bar-reopening","authors":["11387","11672"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_235"],"tags":["arts_10278","arts_3226","arts_5351","arts_1146"],"featImg":"arts_13934323","label":"arts"},"arts_13956667":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956667","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956667","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"weinstein-overturned-conviction-me-too-misogyny-commentary","title":"On Weinstein, Cosby, OJ Simpson and America’s Systemic Misogyny Problem","publishDate":1714086455,"format":"standard","headTitle":"On Weinstein, Cosby, OJ Simpson and America’s Systemic Misogyny Problem | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>America does not care about women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There. I said it. I say it a lot, actually. At least once a week for the last 29 years to be precise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know the exact date of the first time I said it — Oct. 3, 1995 — because that was the day that O.J. Simpson was acquitted of murdering his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman. O.J. was acquitted by a jury despite a mountain of DNA evidence against him and an extremely long, well-documented history of his abuse of Nicole. The images of her battered face and the sound of her shaking voice telling a 911 dispatcher “He’s going to beat the shit out of me” have been living rent-free in my head ever since. \u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13882786\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"180\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg 180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final-160x176.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was in my teens when the O.J. verdict happened. \u003ca href=\"https://vawnet.org/material/marital-rape-new-research-and-directions#:~:text=On%20July%205%2C%201993%2C%20marital,rape%20prosecution%20granted%20to%20husbands.\">Raping your spouse had only been declared illegal\u003c/a> in America two years earlier. At the time, I hoped that — if women banded together and worked hard enough — things would change in my lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I’m middle-aged now. And nothing has changed at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“America does not care about women” were the first words I uttered this morning, this time prompted by the news that New York’s highest court just overturned Harvey Weinstein’s 2020 rape conviction. The ruling was based on the fact that “testimony of uncharged, alleged prior sexual acts against persons other than the complainants” was included in his original trial. That the inclusion of those witnesses — also known as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/29/800938076/how-the-molineux-rule-permits-certain-witnesses-in-the-harvey-weinstein-trial\">Molineux witnesses\u003c/a>” or “prior bad act witnesses” — has been perfectly legal in New York for well over a century appears to have been deemed irrelevant by four out of the seven judges on the New York Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Writing for the majority, Judge Jenny Rivera asserted that “The remedy for these egregious errors is a new trial.” Rivera, incidentally, was appointed to the court in 2013 by \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2024/01/26/cuomo-sexual-harassment-doj-00138140#:~:text=The%20justice%20department%20found%20Cuomo,harassed%2C%E2%80%9D%20the%20DOJ%20concluded.\">Andrew Cuomo, who has been accused of sexual harassment by 13 women\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13934462']The fact that the vast majority of Harvey Weinstein’s accusers — more than 80 of them — were prevented from taking legal action against him in 2020 because of unjustly short statutes of limitations doesn’t matter either. Because America doesn’t care about women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In truth, even on the morning of his 2020 conviction, I still found myself uttering those words. Because while Weinstein was convicted of third-degree rape and first-degree criminal sexual act, those were only two of the five charges that he had faced. The wave of relief that followed his two convictions was powerful enough to obscure the fact that he was found not guilty on three other charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weinstein was found not guilty of first-degree rape, defined in the state of New York as “engag[ing] in sexual intercourse with another person by forcible compulsion.” This, despite Jessica Mann’s harrowing testimony that, “The more I fought, the angrier he got.” He was also found not guilty of two counts of predatory sexual assault. Annabella Sciorra appeared in court specifically in support of those charges, testifying that she was raped by Weinstein after he forced his way into her apartment. “I was punching, I was kicking him, I was trying to take him away from me,” she said. But still, he was found not guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weinstein’s case, from the jump, reflected just how hard it is for women to get justice in this country. But we already knew, just as we had known in 1995, America does not care about women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13908728']We knew it in 2021, after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bill-cosby-conviction-overturned-5c073fb64bc5df4d7b99ee7fadddbe5a\">Bill Cosby was released\u003c/a> from prison on a technicality. Specifically, Pennsylvania’s highest court decided it wasn’t fair that the prosecutor who brought the case against Cosby had a predecessor who had promised to not charge the comedian. That was apparently too much for the court. The idea that 60 women who’d been living with untold trauma and interrupted careers would receive no justice after sharing their harrowing (and very credible) stories about Cosby with the whole world? Meh. Who cares about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice, when it comes to women, sometimes feels almost impossible to come by in any court in the land. In 2004, Robert Blake was acquitted of murdering his wife Bonny Bakley, despite two separate witnesses testifying that Blake had attempted to hire them to kill her. Blake, like O.J. Simpson, was later found liable for the wrongful death of his wife in a $30 million civil trial; Blake handled this by declaring bankruptcy in 2006. Hell, if O.J. Simpson could get away with not paying the Brown and Goldman families, why should Blake cough up? Even in the wake of Simpson’s death, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/oj-simpsons-lawyer-reverses-statement-civil-judgement-goldman-family-1235874717/\">those handling his estate are fighting\u003c/a> to ensure those families will never see a penny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In America’s so-called justice system, history repeats itself. We know the outcomes before they land: In 2018, we knew Brett Kavanaugh would make it onto the Supreme Court despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/19/1239378828/for-christine-blasey-ford-the-fallout-of-the-kavanaugh-hearing-is-ongoing\">Christine Blasey Ford’s testimony against him\u003c/a>. We knew because we’d already watched Clarence Thomas succeed after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/28/1040911313/anita-hill-belonging-sexual-harassment-conversation\">Anita Hill testified against him\u003c/a> in 1991.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13918217']We knew Donald Trump would be the Republican nominee in 2024, because the fact that he confessed on recorded audio to “grab[bing]” women “by the pussy” did not impact his election chances in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Was anyone really surprised when Ted Kennedy’s nephew William Kennedy Smith was found \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/magazine/1992/03/dunne199203\">not guilty of raping Patricia Bowman\u003c/a>? Despite the fact that his defense attorney married one of the jurors shortly after the trial? It’s impossible to feign shock once you remember that, in 1969, Uncle Ted got off with a two-month suspended sentence for driving Mary Jo Kopechne off a bridge, leaving her there to drown and then failing to report the accident for another 11 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the seismic #MeToo movement, despite the many conversations about cultural shifts and cancellations, the only two high-profile abusers punished in a court of law were Bill Cosby and Harvey Weinstein. Now one is free and the other is working on it. And while Weinstein is still serving the 16-year sentence for rape and sexual assault imposed by his 2023 trial in Los Angeles, it’s impossible to feel any confidence in the system at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision reinforces what we already know,” Anita Hill said after this morning’s news broke. “We have seen a lack of progress in addressing the power imbalances that allow abuse to occur and that sexual assault continues to be a pervasive problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Founder of #MeToo Tarana Burke managed — somehow — to strike a more optimistic note. “Because the brave women in this case broke their silence, millions and millions and millions of others found the strength to come forward and do the same. That will always be the victory. This doesn’t change that. And the people who abuse their power and privilege to violate and harm others will always be the villain. This doesn’t change that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other thing that hasn’t changed? America does not care about women.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Harvey Weinstein's overturned conviction makes it hard to have faith in the legal process, writes Rae Alexandra. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1714087262,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1267},"headData":{"title":"Weinstein, Cosby, Simpson and America’s Misogyny Problem | KQED","description":"Harvey Weinstein's overturned conviction makes it hard to have faith in the legal process, writes Rae Alexandra. ","ogTitle":"On Weinstein, Cosby, OJ Simpson and America’s Systemic Misogyny Problem","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"On Weinstein, Cosby, OJ Simpson and America’s Systemic Misogyny Problem","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"Weinstein, Cosby, Simpson and America’s Misogyny Problem %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"On Weinstein, Cosby, OJ Simpson and America’s Systemic Misogyny Problem","datePublished":"2024-04-25T23:07:35.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-25T23:21:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Commentary ","sticky":false,"nprStoryId":"kqed-13956667","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956667/weinstein-overturned-conviction-me-too-misogyny-commentary","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>America does not care about women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There. I said it. I say it a lot, actually. At least once a week for the last 29 years to be precise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know the exact date of the first time I said it — Oct. 3, 1995 — because that was the day that O.J. Simpson was acquitted of murdering his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ron Goldman. O.J. was acquitted by a jury despite a mountain of DNA evidence against him and an extremely long, well-documented history of his abuse of Nicole. The images of her battered face and the sound of her shaking voice telling a 911 dispatcher “He’s going to beat the shit out of me” have been living rent-free in my head ever since. \u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13882786\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"180\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg 180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final-160x176.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I was in my teens when the O.J. verdict happened. \u003ca href=\"https://vawnet.org/material/marital-rape-new-research-and-directions#:~:text=On%20July%205%2C%201993%2C%20marital,rape%20prosecution%20granted%20to%20husbands.\">Raping your spouse had only been declared illegal\u003c/a> in America two years earlier. At the time, I hoped that — if women banded together and worked hard enough — things would change in my lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, I’m middle-aged now. And nothing has changed at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“America does not care about women” were the first words I uttered this morning, this time prompted by the news that New York’s highest court just overturned Harvey Weinstein’s 2020 rape conviction. The ruling was based on the fact that “testimony of uncharged, alleged prior sexual acts against persons other than the complainants” was included in his original trial. That the inclusion of those witnesses — also known as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/29/800938076/how-the-molineux-rule-permits-certain-witnesses-in-the-harvey-weinstein-trial\">Molineux witnesses\u003c/a>” or “prior bad act witnesses” — has been perfectly legal in New York for well over a century appears to have been deemed irrelevant by four out of the seven judges on the New York Court of Appeals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(Writing for the majority, Judge Jenny Rivera asserted that “The remedy for these egregious errors is a new trial.” Rivera, incidentally, was appointed to the court in 2013 by \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2024/01/26/cuomo-sexual-harassment-doj-00138140#:~:text=The%20justice%20department%20found%20Cuomo,harassed%2C%E2%80%9D%20the%20DOJ%20concluded.\">Andrew Cuomo, who has been accused of sexual harassment by 13 women\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13934462","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The fact that the vast majority of Harvey Weinstein’s accusers — more than 80 of them — were prevented from taking legal action against him in 2020 because of unjustly short statutes of limitations doesn’t matter either. Because America doesn’t care about women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In truth, even on the morning of his 2020 conviction, I still found myself uttering those words. Because while Weinstein was convicted of third-degree rape and first-degree criminal sexual act, those were only two of the five charges that he had faced. The wave of relief that followed his two convictions was powerful enough to obscure the fact that he was found not guilty on three other charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weinstein was found not guilty of first-degree rape, defined in the state of New York as “engag[ing] in sexual intercourse with another person by forcible compulsion.” This, despite Jessica Mann’s harrowing testimony that, “The more I fought, the angrier he got.” He was also found not guilty of two counts of predatory sexual assault. Annabella Sciorra appeared in court specifically in support of those charges, testifying that she was raped by Weinstein after he forced his way into her apartment. “I was punching, I was kicking him, I was trying to take him away from me,” she said. But still, he was found not guilty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weinstein’s case, from the jump, reflected just how hard it is for women to get justice in this country. But we already knew, just as we had known in 1995, America does not care about women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13908728","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>We knew it in 2021, after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/bill-cosby-conviction-overturned-5c073fb64bc5df4d7b99ee7fadddbe5a\">Bill Cosby was released\u003c/a> from prison on a technicality. Specifically, Pennsylvania’s highest court decided it wasn’t fair that the prosecutor who brought the case against Cosby had a predecessor who had promised to not charge the comedian. That was apparently too much for the court. The idea that 60 women who’d been living with untold trauma and interrupted careers would receive no justice after sharing their harrowing (and very credible) stories about Cosby with the whole world? Meh. Who cares about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Justice, when it comes to women, sometimes feels almost impossible to come by in any court in the land. In 2004, Robert Blake was acquitted of murdering his wife Bonny Bakley, despite two separate witnesses testifying that Blake had attempted to hire them to kill her. Blake, like O.J. Simpson, was later found liable for the wrongful death of his wife in a $30 million civil trial; Blake handled this by declaring bankruptcy in 2006. Hell, if O.J. Simpson could get away with not paying the Brown and Goldman families, why should Blake cough up? Even in the wake of Simpson’s death, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/oj-simpsons-lawyer-reverses-statement-civil-judgement-goldman-family-1235874717/\">those handling his estate are fighting\u003c/a> to ensure those families will never see a penny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In America’s so-called justice system, history repeats itself. We know the outcomes before they land: In 2018, we knew Brett Kavanaugh would make it onto the Supreme Court despite \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2024/03/19/1239378828/for-christine-blasey-ford-the-fallout-of-the-kavanaugh-hearing-is-ongoing\">Christine Blasey Ford’s testimony against him\u003c/a>. We knew because we’d already watched Clarence Thomas succeed after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/28/1040911313/anita-hill-belonging-sexual-harassment-conversation\">Anita Hill testified against him\u003c/a> in 1991.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13918217","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>We knew Donald Trump would be the Republican nominee in 2024, because the fact that he confessed on recorded audio to “grab[bing]” women “by the pussy” did not impact his election chances in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Was anyone really surprised when Ted Kennedy’s nephew William Kennedy Smith was found \u003ca href=\"https://www.vanityfair.com/magazine/1992/03/dunne199203\">not guilty of raping Patricia Bowman\u003c/a>? Despite the fact that his defense attorney married one of the jurors shortly after the trial? It’s impossible to feign shock once you remember that, in 1969, Uncle Ted got off with a two-month suspended sentence for driving Mary Jo Kopechne off a bridge, leaving her there to drown and then failing to report the accident for another 11 hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the seismic #MeToo movement, despite the many conversations about cultural shifts and cancellations, the only two high-profile abusers punished in a court of law were Bill Cosby and Harvey Weinstein. Now one is free and the other is working on it. And while Weinstein is still serving the 16-year sentence for rape and sexual assault imposed by his 2023 trial in Los Angeles, it’s impossible to feel any confidence in the system at this point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s decision reinforces what we already know,” Anita Hill said after this morning’s news broke. “We have seen a lack of progress in addressing the power imbalances that allow abuse to occur and that sexual assault continues to be a pervasive problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Founder of #MeToo Tarana Burke managed — somehow — to strike a more optimistic note. “Because the brave women in this case broke their silence, millions and millions and millions of others found the strength to come forward and do the same. That will always be the victory. This doesn’t change that. And the people who abuse their power and privilege to violate and harm others will always be the villain. This doesn’t change that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other thing that hasn’t changed? America does not care about women.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956667/weinstein-overturned-conviction-me-too-misogyny-commentary","authors":["11242"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_2303"],"tags":["arts_2798","arts_16989","arts_1873","arts_2767","arts_2777","arts_7580"],"featImg":"arts_13956685","label":"source_arts_13956667"},"arts_13927349":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13927349","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13927349","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-hip-hop-1980s","title":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","publishDate":1680722857,"format":"aside","headTitle":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927363\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the mid-1980s, after years of street dance, DJing and graffiti sharing equal space, rapping took center stage. The Bay Area’s bass-heavy sound would arrive at the end of the decade. (Clockwise from top left: Too Short, MC Hammer, Dominique DiPrima, Club Nouveau, and Motorcycle Mike.) \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images; Al Pereira/Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images; SFSU Television Archives; Raymond Boyd/Getty Images; Hodisk Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note\u003c/strong>: This story is part of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">That’s My Word\u003c/a>\u003cem>, KQED’s year-long exploration of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">Bay Area hip-hop\u003c/a> history, with new content dropping all throughout 2023.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span>t’s a wintry January evening when Bas-1 brings me to Del the Funky Homosapien’s house in the East Bay. For much of the afternoon, Bas — the \u003ca href=\"https://eastbayexpress.com/old-school-fool-1/\">Oakland native\u003c/a> who’s worked with Digital Underground and released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=bas-1+full+album+mentally+astute\">his own solo records\u003c/a> — has schooled me on the origins of the Bay Area hip-hop sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas lists numerous rappers from the ’80s, and not just Todd “Too Short” Shaw, the East Oakland rapper who famously hustled homemade cassette tapes. I’ve never heard most of the names Bas mentions: MC Chocolate Milk, Windell Baby Doll, Davy Def, Buddy Bean, Reggie Reg Rock Ski.ter, M.C. Tracy, Rock Master Fresh, Nic Nack, Kimmie Fresh, and the Acorn Crew with Grandmaster Fresh (a rapper later known as “DJ Daryl” Anderson, famed for producing tracks like 415’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuZ6CAwZmys\">Side Show\u003c/a>” and 2Pac’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAJfDP3b5_U\">Keep Ya Head Up\u003c/a>”).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13924126']Many of these early Bay Area rappers never put out a commercially available record. Instead, their work is mostly confined to locally distributed cassette tapes — collectors call them “gray tapes” — that are now nearly impossible to find. They publicly broadcasted these tapes throughout neighborhoods, utilizing boomboxes and car stereos as well as stereos at house parties. “None of them sound like Too Short,” says Bas. “Some of these people didn’t put out recordings, but they were known.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the 1980s, Bay Area hip-hop was an artistic movement struggling for a distinct identity. The first half of the decade was defined by street dance and aerosol art as much as rap and DJing. But as local youth began to absorb the sounds emanating from national hotspots like New York, they created a distinctive style all their own — one that would make a global impact in the years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Del’s house, Bas queues up an extraordinary live video clip of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u3eiG9BtdE\">Mac Mill, Emperor E, and DJ Anthony “K-os” Bryant\u003c/a> performing at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690787/when-oakland-was-a-chocolate-city-a-brief-history-of-festival-at-the-lake\">Festival at the Lake\u003c/a>, a now-defunct annual event held at Lake Merritt, in 1988. (Alex “Naru” Reece, who organized the showcase where Mac Mill performed, clarified in a follow-up conversation that it didn’t happen during Festival at the Lake. He also says the showcase was filmed in 1986 for a 1988 video compilation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mac Mill and Emperor E go back and forth, trading sound effects and dense Oakland slang as K-os cuts and scratches copies of Long Island band Original Concept’s deathless bass classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai4VC0NUxl4\">Knowledge Me\u003c/a>.” Bas praises Mac Mill’s unusual “Arabian” style, which the latter deployed nearly a decade later with the 1995 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_f0TB3Igro\">Arabian Hump\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u3eiG9BtdE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, Bas-1 calls Chris “CJ Flash” Jourdan, an OG who worked with Timex Social Club, the Berkeley teen band whose 1986 electro-funk classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVce2IeYcTg\">Rumors\u003c/a>,” represented the first national breakthrough for Bay Area hip-hop culture. As Bas broadcasts CJ Flash’s voice from his phone through Del’s stereo equipment, CJ Flash spends the next hour or so describing a fledging scene where poppers and boogaloo dancers, not rappers or DJs, were the prime attractions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These ensembles drew from a street-dance tradition that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13891300/reclaiming-the-legacy-of-oaklands-boogaloo-dance-culture\">dates back decades\u003c/a>. Their kinetic performances ignited crowds at high schools, house parties, and public spaces like Justin Herman Plaza and Union Square in San Francisco and UC Berkeley’s Sproul Plaza. Battles even took place on the street, with crews traveling to different neighborhoods around the region to seek out rivals. “You could meet with people on their turf and get down, and hopefully not get thumped in the process,” says CJ Flash. Many Bay Area hip-hop pioneers got their start in dance crews, including Club Nouveau’s Jay King (who pop-locked with The Unknowns), DJ King Tech (who was known as Wizard, and danced with Master City Breakers), and Flash himself (who \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub1TtnI4dh8\">performed with UFO\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub1TtnI4dh8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, rapping was a relatively new and undeveloped skill, the lowest element on the hip-hop totem pole. “Anybody could rap. Anybody could say a bunch of basic rhyme words with no style and flavor,” says Bas, noting as an aside that “most folks couldn’t understand the lyrics anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How is a discussion about street dancers connected to an exploration of the Bay Area hip-hop sound? It’s important to understand the conditions under which the genre emerged locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Turntables, Casios and Homemade Tapes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As KQED’s Eric Arnold explains in “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13924126/the-bay-area-was-hip-hop-before-there-was-hip-hop\">The Bay Area Was Hip-Hop Before There Was Hip-Hop\u003c/a>,” foundational elements such as spoken word, funk, and rhythm & blues existed locally well before New Jersey trio Sugarhill Gang arrived with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKTUAESacQM\">Rapper’s Delight\u003c/a>” in the fall of 1979.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13923978']At the same time, the Bay Area was not the Bronx, where breakbeat culture catalyzed and fermented. Bronx DJs, MCs and B-boys like Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Caz, the Rock Steady Crew and many others gained renown among mid-’70s New York youth long before “Rapper’s Delight.” By contrast, as CJ Flash explains, it took much of the 1980s for Bay Area youth to develop the cadences and rhythms we now associate with modern rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, enterprising musicians couldn’t purchase studio software and distribute their own music on an internet platform like Soundcloud. Recording equipment was expensive. An unsigned artist needed the financial and business expertise to manufacture vinyl and cassettes with artwork, much less convince record stores like Leopold’s Records in Berkeley to carry them. (Recordable CD-Rs weren’t widely used until the 1990s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This helps explain why so many rappers utilized turntables and Casio keyboards, and then recorded their songs using the microphone input on relatively cheap stereo equipment. Captured on recordable cassettes like Maxell and TDK, some of these “gray tapes” simply had stickers with handwritten titles. More often, they weren’t labeled at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927410\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927410\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of handmade Bay Area rap tapes, part of Naru’s home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In those days, Too Short was an outlier, a Fremont High School student who canvassed East Oakland spots like Arroyo Park, \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@bayareahiphoparchive/in-conversation-with-56fae687e9c\">selling copies of “Game Raps”\u003c/a> at a few dollars a pop. Since Short was originally from Los Angeles, he relied on rap partner Tony “Freddy B” Adams to show him around the Town. The duo \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#too-short-and-freddy-b-start-making-handmade-tapes\">made customized tapes for local drug dealers and players\u003c/a> in the city’s nightlife — now known as “special request” tapes — shouting out the customers’ names in their raps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Short was a hustler,” says CJ Flash. “He had a style of telling stories that was so outlandish and so funny that word got around.” Short and Freddy B developed the trademark “Biiiiitch!” catchphrase, and Short has often said that he and Freddy B intended to get famous together. Unfortunately, Freddy B was in prison when Short released his landmark “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwVJTvOO4yY\">Freaky Tales\u003c/a>” tape in 1987. (Adams is \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailyrepublic.com/all-dr-news/solano-news/local-features/from-too-hort-colleague-to-christian-missionary/\">now a minister\u003c/a> at Mount Calvary Baptist Church in Fairfield.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 676px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"676\" height=\"455\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927341\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg 676w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984-160x108.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short in 1984, at the age of 18. \u003ccite>(Katy Raddatz/San Francisco Examiner/Bancroft Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Others like Sir Quick Draw, Mac Mill, and Chief Naked Head (later known as Premo; he passed away in January of 2023) simply gave away their tapes or let friends copy or “dub” the originals. As Richmond rapper \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13925761/magic-mike-richmond-calvin-t-rap-hip-hop\">Magic Mike explained in a recent interview with Dregs One\u003c/a>, dubs of his tracks circulated as widely as Germany. “It was more or less trying to make a name for yourself…you had to make a tape,” adds CJ Flash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Bay Area hip-hop in the ’80s was a primordial soup of youngsters figuring out what the local sound would be. The answers wouldn’t arrive until near the end of the decade. “The Bay Area was behind,” says CJ Flash, comparing it to more advanced regions like Los Angeles, South Florida, and New York. “We never thought about radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Pivotal Moment’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alex “Naru Kwina” Hence remembers the first time he heard the Sugarhill Gang’s “Rapper’s Delight” as a 14-year-old preparing to attend Oakland High School. “When the song went off, everybody ran outside, like, ‘Did you hear that song?!” he laughs, calling it one of the best moments of his life. “It was a pivotal moment, bro. We literally started rapping the song and trying to remember it.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naru called himself Sir Quick Draw, an alias inspired by Hanna-Barbera cartoon \u003cem>Quick Draw McGraw\u003c/em> as well as the fact that, as a runner, “I was hella fast.” He took inspiration from Kurtis Blow, the Harlem rapper who scored major hits like 1980’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzl-2g5HhaI\">The Breaks\u003c/a>.” And Naru almost immediately began recording his voice on tape. His first original song was “The Caveman Rap,” which was inspired by Brooklyn rapper Jimmy Spicer’s 1980 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkGLco0tGqc\">Adventures of Super Rhyme\u003c/a>.” Naru can still recite those verses from memory: \u003cem>Now people come and take a trip in time with me / Back to that sweet year one million B.C.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still got that old-school flavor, man,” he admits. “Hip-hop was more fun for me back then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"840\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927368\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1-160x224.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Naru Kwina, who recorded under the names Sir Quick Draw and Em Cee Quick, poses with his home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But rap in the Bay Area didn’t take off right away. “Most people would rap other people’s songs. They’d just repeat what they heard on the radio,” says Naru. Aspiring MCs honed their craft by congregating at Eastmont Mall, “trying to impress the girls, and getting our names on our derby jackets.” And when Tom Tom Club’s 1981 hit “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECiMhe4E0pI\">Genius of Love\u003c/a>” dropped? “Everybody rapped over that joint, man. Too many people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s worth remembering that hip-hop was a phenomenon developed essentially by Black and Brown children. Rapping, pop-locking, spray-painting aerosol art on neighborhood walls, even DJing: These were youthful forms of play and creative expression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas, who grew up in North Oakland, remembers \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#at-fishermans-wharf-a-street-dance-destination-emerges\">popping and “roboting” at Pier 39 on Fisherman’s Wharf\u003c/a> in the late ’70s as a child. “You have people like Ben [James] from Live Incorporated doing pantomime and roboting,” he says, noting one of the better-known dance crews. Dancers competed for attention and tips that they could spend on Snickers bars and arcade games. “Battle-wise, you had to have skill and talent to a certain caliber in order to truly be out on the Wharf or on Market [and Powell] in front of the cable cars,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A street dance crew called The Vita Family perform at Pier 39 in 1986. \u003ccite>(Liz Hafalia/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local newspaper stories focused on the emergence of hip-hop as a youth obsession. Enterprising teachers incorporated it into their lesson plans. On high-school campuses, fledgling DJs like Joseph Thomas “G.I. Joe” Simms Jr. at El Cerrito High School and groups like the Devastating Four proliferated. At house parties, mobile DJ crews spun the latest electro, boogie-funk, and rap hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gatherings at schools, churches, and community centers typically reserved a few minutes for fledgling local rap and dance crews to perform. This was also the era of \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#nancy-reagan-visits-oakland-and-coins-the-phrase-just-say-no\">the Reagan Administration’s “Just Say No” campaign\u003c/a>, and kids were often asked to help spread an anti-drug message through raps. “Inspired by rapping groups such as Sugar Hill, Run DMC, Jeckyl and Hyde and Mell (sic) and the Furious Five, teen-agers create their own raps mostly for fun and to bring attention to themselves,” read a June 29, 1985, story in the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13925415']In the first half of the decade, street dance remained a focal point. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/04/1140504217/double-dutch-fantastic-four-holiday-classic\">Double Dutch jump-rope competitions\u003c/a> sponsored by McDonald’s drew thousands to Lincoln Square Center in Oakland. The San Francisco Street Breakers held a fundraising benefit, “Super Break Sunday,” at San Francisco’s Palace of Fine Arts in 1985. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, street dance “got played out” after the success of Hollywood movies like \u003cem>Beat Street\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Breakin’\u003c/em>, and rap music moved to the center of hip-hop culture. Quickening the process were concerts by Black music stars like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-fresh-fest-comes-to-oakland\">Fresh Festival\u003c/a>, the first national hip-hop tour, with headliners Run-DMC at the Oakland Coliseum. Local radio tentatively began to experiment with rap, notably KMEL-FM and its mix DJs such as Michael Erickson and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13828163/watch-cameron-paul-give-a-masterclass-in-early-djing\">the late Cameron Paul\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"952\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13927323\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-800x1190.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-160x238.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-768x1142.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1033x1536.jpg 1033w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_.jpg 1345w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flyer for the Fresh Festival, which arrived in Oakland in 1984.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“By 1985, there was this incredible scene in the South Bay,” says Adisa “The Bishop” Banjoko. As a teen DJ in San Bruno “who looked like Urkel,” he remembers traveling far and wide to buy records, from Creative Music Emporium in San Francisco to T’s Wauzi in Oakland. Meanwhile, nightclubs like Mothers and Studio 47 brought a fusion of hip-hop, freestyle and techno. “San Jose had underage hip-hop teenage clubs, and no other city had those,” he says. (Banjoko later became a rapper, a journalist, and now promotes jiu-jitsu, meditation and chess with his company \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/real64blocks/?hl=en\">64 Blocks\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Oakland, Naru continued making tapes. “I come from a musical family. My cousin’s the Maestro” — a.k.a. producer Keenan Foster, who has worked with Too Short, Dru Down, and Askari X — “and a lot of my family sings. I got a drum machine, a little Yamaha keyboard. I would play my bass lines. We had double-cassette decks.” He collaborated with Taj “Turntable T” Tilghman, “who was dope on the turntables.” Turntable T eventually bought a Roland TR-808 drum machine, the instrument du jour for def beat MCs. “When that 808 came, that was it. Everyone loved that deck. \u003cem>Boom!\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gray tapes” that circulated weren’t the EP and album-length releases we’re familiar with today. Some tapes only had one song per side; or maybe just one song on one side, period. Artists were judged not only by their ability to rap engagingly for several minutes, but also to chop up a familiar beat like Whodini’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5r0i2ZAbCc\">Friends\u003c/a>,” transforming it into something fresh and original; or even make rudimentary 808 beats. For example, Too Short drew attention for “rapping the longest,” as Bas explains, leading to songs that lasted eight or nine minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"682\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-1020x870.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-160x136.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-768x655.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adisa Banjoko in the 1980s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Adisa Banjoko)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those tapes were everywhere. Everyone was trying to see what was possible,” says Banjoko. In 1987, he began making raps under the name MC Most Ill. His first song was “Rhyme Junkie.” “The truth was, some of it was really cool but a lot of it actually also sucked, because [the art form] was brand new. … The quality control was not there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On August 18, 1984, the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> published an article called “Rapping with Too-Short,” the first story on the 18-year-old prodigy. Pacific News Service journalist Anthony Adams called Short’s songs “preacher-like yarns over pre-recorded music,” and noted that one of them was about automaker John DeLorean, whose conviction for cocaine trafficking made national news. Short claimed he and his partner Freddy B sold over 2,000 tapes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Chronicle-Examiner\u003c/em> also frequently interviewed \u003ca href=\"https://www.dominiquediprima.com/\">Dominique “Lady D” DiPrima\u003c/a>, a New York transplant and San Francisco State University student who rapped, sung, and organized events. DiPrima possessed a rich family pedigree — her father was the jazz writer Amiri Baraka, her mother the beat poet Diane DiPrima. In late 1984, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#home-turf-premieres-on-kron-tv\">KRON-TV recruited her to host \u003cem>Home Turf\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a Saturday-afternoon program that became appointment viewing for local teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone had a crush on Dominique,” says Naru, giggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1020x690.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-768x520.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1536x1039.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_.png 1540w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dominique DiPrima, pictured here hosting a 1987 episode of ‘Home Turf’ on KRON-4. \u003ccite>(SFSU Television Archive)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The First Bay Area Rap Record Opens the Floodgates\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the under-acknowledged aspects of early hip-hop is the way elder Black musicians shepherded young artists into the recording industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The late Sylvia Robinson, who was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2022, initially emerged in the mid-’50s as one-half of Mickey & Sylvia, who scored a national hit with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SwMB9v1pQ4\">Love Is Strange\u003c/a>.” As a ’70s solo artist and producer, Robinson made slinky, Eartha Kitt-like erotic disco capers such as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NA2X1040_gY\">Pillow Talk\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPScEJ66_m4\">Sweet Stuff\u003c/a>.” After discovering hip-hop when she heard DJ Lovebug Starski at a party, Robinson formed Sugar Hill Records, and turned three rapping teens she found in New Jersey into its first act, the Sugarhill Gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process of soul veterans working with young people resulted in independent 12” singles that mirrored — if not yet accurately capturing — the nascent rap sound at a time when big companies virtually ignored it. With his Mercury Records contract, Kurtis Blow was the only act with a major album deal. A handful of other pioneers like DJ Hollywood scored one-off 12” deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar process played out in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2R_h9BCuvBE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first Bay Area rap record is widely considered to be Phil “Motorcycle Mike” Lewis and the Rat Trap Band’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4Odk2Vu70s\">Super Rat\u003c/a>,” a 1981 boogie-funk single notoriously released by East Oakland heroin kingpin Milton “Mickey Mo” Moore’s Hodisk Records. The name “Hodisk” was a cheeky reference to his onetime side business as a pimp. (Moore has since reformed and is now a pastor in West Oakland.) In fact, Mickey Mo boasts in his 1996 autobiography \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qy6RNV6f5w\">The Man: The Life Story of a Drug Kingpin\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, “Hodisk Records became the first record company on the West Coast to release a rap record.” (The first L.A. rap record, Disco Daddy and Captain Rapp’s “The Gigolo Rapp,” was also released in 1981.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mickey Mo has another claim to rap lore: In 1980, he \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-first-rap-performance-on-a-major-stage\">helped finance an Oakland Coliseum concert\u003c/a> headlined by L.A. funk band War, with the Sugarhill Gang as a supporting act. Journalist Lee Hildebrand’s pre-concert interview with the Gang in the \u003cem>Oakland Tribune\u003c/em> was the first mention of rap music in the local press. A second funk-rap novelty, Steve Walker’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vB9jCLUWwBY\">Tally Ho!\u003c/a>,” also appeared in 1981. In 1983, San Francisco’s Debo & Brian released the electro-funk EP \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgv_AfTbEng\">This Is It\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. The momentum had started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had made this vow that I would never ever do anything having to do with rap,” laughs Claytoven Richardson. During his long career, the Berkeley-born, Oakland-raised Richardson worked with Aretha Franklin, Kenny G, Whitney Houston, Elton John, and Celine Dion. But in the early ’80s, he was best known as a singer, producer, and arranger with hot dancefloor jazz-funk bands like Bill Summers & Summers’ Heat. His anti-rap stance reflected the music industry at large in the 1980s. “Nobody had the foresight to see that it would morph and change and do the things that it’s done,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 625px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"352\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927369\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg 625w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Claytoven Richardson pictured in March 2023 in Los Angeles, California. \u003ccite>(Steven Simione/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Richardson couldn’t avoid the increasingly popular genre when he scored a production deal at Fantasy Records, the onetime Berkeley jazz label also known for innovative acts like Sylvester and Cybotron, as well as one-off singles generated by a “throw it against the wall and see if it sticks” philosophy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the records Richardson produced in that anything-goes environment was Mighty Mouth’s satirical complaint, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU1hAFnrtU8\">I’m All Rapped Out\u003c/a>.” (He wasn’t the only one annoyed over rap; perhaps out of wishful thinking, a 1985 \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> article referred to the “fast-fading hip-hop scene.”) A vocalist named Lawrence Pittman didn’t show up for the session, so Richardson performed the lyrics himself. However, Pittman showed up to rap on Mighty Mouth’s second single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqfQcLbemE4\">The Roaches\u003c/a>,” which parodied Whodini’s electro hit, “Freaks Come Out at Night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other scattered local raps appeared between 1985 and 1986. Former boogaloo dancer Jay King, just home from a stint in the Air Force and splitting time between Sacramento and Vallejo, formed a group called Frost and released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hObIekxeoSg\">Battle Beat\u003c/a>.” His friends Denzil Foster & Thomas McElroy produced it, as well as another electro-rap track, Sorcerey’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ap6uw-kX8o\">Woo Baby\u003c/a>.” Pittsburg rapper James “Red Beat” Briggs issued “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7dUlMEZUSc\">Freak City\u003c/a>,” which was later remixed by N.W.A. co-founder Arabian Prince. And there was Rodney “Disco Alamo” Brown, from Richmond, whose 12” “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6K-pXg1DY98\">The Task Force\u003c/a>” is \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#richmonds-task-force-memorialized-on-wax\">an early example\u003c/a> of Bay Area rap chronicling street life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927313\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"484\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927313\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-1020x618.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-768x465.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short, pictured at his manager’s house in Oakland on September 21, 1987. \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Too Short’s rising buzz led to a deal with deep East Oakland entrepreneur Dean Hodges’ 75 Girls label. Released in 1985, the resulting \u003cem>Don’t Stop Rappin’\u003c/em> was the first official album by a local rapper. While fans of a certain age still treasure protean electro-funk tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2ywke376NQ\">Girl\u003c/a>” — which E-40 referenced on his 1998 hit, “Earl, That’s Yo Life” — the album couldn’t compare to his raunchy and wickedly hilarious “special request” tapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during this period that Naru finally got his chance in the studio. Since 1984, UC Berkeley station \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#college-radio-makes-its-mark\">KALX-FM\u003c/a> served as home to “Music for the People,” a Sunday-morning community affairs and music show hosted by the late Charles “Natty Prep” Douglass, as well as DJs like Billy “Jam” Kiernan (who also broadcast on San Francisco State University station KUSF-FM), David “Davey D” Cook, and funkster Rickey “The Uhuru Maggot” Vincent. When Naru won \u003ca href=\"https://wfmu.org/playlists/shows/107287\">a 1986 rap contest hosted by Billy Jam on KALX\u003c/a>, he earned a deal with Bay Wave Records, a local imprint distributed by Hollywood-based Macola Records. Richardson was hired to produce the session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLlNn1Zh1ww\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Quick Draw] was a great rapper. He had a lot of great lyrics and ideas,” says Richardson. On “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLlNn1Zh1ww\">Rapaholic\u003c/a>,” Richardson and session engineer Michael Denten (who later worked with Spice 1 and E-40) accompanied Quick Draw’s dexterous and energetic raps with sharp-angled percussive edits and sound effects reminiscent of The Art of Noise and Mantronix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Respect to Claytoven,” says Naru, who not only continues to make music but also owns a company, \u003ca href=\"http://hiplearning.org/\">Hip Learning\u003c/a>, that promotes childhood education with rap. He wasn’t entirely satisfied with the “Rapaholic” experience: “They made the record sound hella more polished. It was [supposed to be] a little more underground than that.” However, he adds, “[Claytoven] taught us a lot in the studio about the mics they use and how to mix. It was a good experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"889\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photocopied flyer advertising Sir Quick Draw’s single ‘Rapaholic.’ \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A Radio Breakthrough — And a Kid Named Hammer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the trajectory of Bay Area hip-hop waxed and waned, three catalyzing moments brought the scene into focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first was an R&B track. Timex Social Club’s “Rumors” captured the pulse of Bay Area youth culture, from Marcus Thompson and Alex Hill’s skittering electro-funk bass and drums to singer Michael Marshall’s distinctly regional accent and coy recitation of schoolyard gossip (“Did you hear the one about Michael? Some say he must be gay…”) Produced by Jay King and Denzil Foster and released on King’s Jay Records in February 1986, it mushroomed into a top ten \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> pop hit and dominated radio all year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVce2IeYcTg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by the summer, Timex Social Club was falling apart and trading accusations with King over money and credit. The group’s only album \u003cem>Vicious Rumors\u003c/em> — by that point it was just Michael Marshall — featured drum programming from CJ Flash and a shout-out to KALX’s Natty Prep, who helped break “Rumors” on his “Music and Life” show. Marshall retreated from the spotlight before \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#i-got-5-on-it-remix-a-meeting-of-greats-recorded-in-alameda\">re-emerging as the hook man\u003c/a> on the Luniz’ 1995 smash “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERtkpnXLrL4\">I Got 5 on It\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After breaking with Timex Social Club, King formed a group called Jet Set and signed a deal with Warner Bros. Records. The group changed their name to Club Nouveau before debuting with the single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKWhkjXV5uM\">Jealousy\u003c/a>.” A follow-up, the Bill Withers cover “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbyjaUJWWmk\">Lean on Me\u003c/a>,” went to number-one on the \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> Hot 100, while Club Nouveau’s debut album \u003cem>Life, Love & Pain\u003c/em> went platinum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"489\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927310\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-768x470.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Singers Samuelle Prater, Jay King and Valerie Watson of Club Nouveau performs at the U.I.C. Pavilion in Chicago, Illinois in August 1987. \u003ccite>(Raymond Boyd/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>King’s growing stardom rippled across the Bay and reached Felton Pilate, the Vallejo keyboardist, singer, and producer best known as a driving force in Bay Area funk stars Con Funk Shun. The two had already worked together on King’s onetime rap group Frost; Pilate engineered that record. Pilate soon added one of King’s projects, Sacramento R&B/rap group New Choice, to a growing slate of projects he produced and engineered at his Felstar Studios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felstar Studios was the culmination of work he had begun while not touring and rehearsing with Con Funk Shun. At his home studio on Sandpiper Drive in Vallejo, Pilate helped assemble records for fledgling local artists. “I never thought of myself as just a studio,” he says, where he simply records his clients. “I have a little experience here. I’ve got several gold albums. Here, let me pass on some of this knowledge.” When asked if he considered himself a mentor, he demurs, even though that’s arguably what he was. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Pilate opened Felstar Studios on Sonoma Boulevard, his trusted associate was James Earley, a young engineer whom he credits for adding a more contemporary sensibility to the Studios’ output. Among the locals who came to them were M.V.P., a family trio consisting of Earl Stevens, Danell Stevens, and Brandt Jones. Their 1988 12”, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfLuAL6DueI\">The Kings Men\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, also included Tanina Stevens and Angela Pressley, who called themselves Sugar ‘N’ Spice. The members of M.V.P. updated their stage names to E-40, D-Shot and B-Legit, added Tanina as Suga T, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-clicks-down-dirty-ushers-in-mobb-music-era\">evolved into The Click\u003c/a>, arguably becoming the most famous rap group to emerge from Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927370\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">M.V.P., a 1988 Vallejo rap group featuring Busy D, E-40 and Legit (L–R). The three would later add E-40’s sister Suga T and become known as The Click. \u003ccite>(Gerry Ericksen / Rushforce Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1986, Pilate and Earley both had solo deals at Berkeley’s Fantasy Records. It was there that Pilate met a former Oakland A’s batboy named Stanley “Holyghost Boy” Burrell through Fantasy Records producer Fred L. Pittman. “Fred would often hire me to do keyboard arrangements for him,” says Pilate. When Pittman asked him to play keys for Holyghost Boy, Pilate responded, “Hey Fred, why don’t you let me take the reins on this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a classically trained jazz and classical musician, Pilate didn’t think much of rap, even though Con Funk Shun not only included a rap verse on a 1982 single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ9GHVTI-EE\">Ain’t Nobody Baby\u003c/a>”; but also made “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmmzvN7raB0\">Electric Lady\u003c/a>,” a 1985 hit produced by Larry Smith of Whodini fame that landed in the top five of \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>’s Black Singles chart. “Musically, I wasn’t a fan, but as a producer, I said, ‘I can do this,’” he says. “Like everyone else, Con Funk Shun wanted to be relevant, and rap was all over the radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tracks Burrell brought to Pilate consisted of him rapping over sparse Yamaha RX5 drum-machine parts. Pilate responded by going into “study mode.” He listened to the rap stuff that was getting airplay like Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew. As a result, the skittering percussion on Burrell’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akVWFiptGNY\">Let’s Get It Started\u003c/a>” is reminiscent of the go-go-inspired arrangements on Doug E. Fresh hits like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sGw9GSCiYU\">The Show\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UtqnKIF7kE\">All the Way to Heaven\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927325\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-1020x720.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-768x542.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer films the music video for ‘Let’s Get It Started’ at Sweet Jimmie’s nightclub in downtown Oakland, March 19, 1988. \u003ccite>(Deanne Fitzmaurice/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My thing was to make it more music-driven than beat-driven,” says Pilate. In many cases, he simply “listened to what [Burrell] was talking about and wrote a straight R&B song underneath it.” He also gives credit to Earley, who helped refine the drum programming and brought “that younger ear” to the project. They incorporated stock horn stabs from a battery of Juno, Roland, and Yamaha drum machines. Meanwhile, Kent “The Lone Mixer” Wilson and Bryant “D.J. Redeemed” Marable added rhythmic scratches by cutting up Curtis Mayfield and Beastie Boys records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the demos were finished, Fantasy Records dropped Pilate, Earley and Burrell from their deals. “They weren’t really sure how to market any of us,” says Pilate. Then, he chuckles, “The next time I ran into the Holyghost Boy, he had changed his name to MC Hammer.” After forming Bustin’ Records in Fremont with financial help from Oakland A’s ballplayers like Mike Davis and Dwayne Murphy, Hammer turned the Pilate demos into three 12”s — “Ring ’Em,” “The Thrill Is Gone” and “Let’s Get It Started” — and the 1987 album \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em>. “I was like, man, those were rough mixes! You were supposed to come back and let me fix that!” Pilate laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone involved in Bay Area hip-hop has vivid memories of MC Hammer blowing up. Near-mythical stories of his local takeover abound, like attending local concerts surrounded by a massive crew; or tearing up the dance floor at The Silks, a popular nightclub in Emeryville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927324\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"727\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-1020x926.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-160x145.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-768x698.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate.jpg 1058w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer and Fenton Pilate in modern times. Pilate engineered and co-produced MC Hammer’s first recordings. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Felton Pilate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s worth revisiting \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em> and 1988’s \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em>. Released after Hammer signed with Capitol Records, \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em> found Hammer and Pilate remixing those original demos while adding vital new tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sZVcXzSE3M\">Pump It Up\u003c/a>.” The results are bombastic and vibrant dance-floor jams as ecstatic as anything by Kid ‘n’ Play and Salt-n-Pepa. Hammer’s subsequent leap into pop superstardom with 1990’s \u003cem>Please Hammer Don’t Hurt ‘Em\u003c/em> and the ubiquity of “U Can’t Touch This” obscure just how great those early tracks are.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Eight Woofers in the Trunk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>MC Hammer’s major-label arrival in 1988 capped a year of Bay Area hip-hop on the cusp of national exposure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Too Short issued \u003cem>Born to Mack\u003c/em> in the fall of 1987 on his Dangerous Music label, Jive Records picked it up. (Dangerous Music also issued \u003cem>Dangerous Crew\u003c/em>, a compilation of vital Bay Area acts like Spice-1, Rappin’ 4-Tay, and the female duo Danger Zone.) Digital Underground’s playful and psychedelic “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zQ1frcgSbI\">Underwater Rimes\u003c/a> / \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpBNB20wVo0\">Your Life’s a Cartoon\u003c/a>” led to a deal with Tommy Boy. Local talent waited in the wings, including rapper/producer Paris (A.T.C.’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHpiPWfOBk4\">Cisco Jam\u003c/a>”), Sway & King Tech (\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBJujmVXiwE\">Flynamic Force\u003c/a>\u003c/em> EP), Dangerous Dame (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9Frj4j09GE\">The Power That’s Packed\u003c/a>”), and MC Twist and the Def Squad (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lZz7qhjfjw\">Just Rock\u003c/a>”). And the late Cameron Paul, known for his “Beats & Pieces” breakbeats, remixed Queens trio Salt-n-Pepa’s 1987 track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkdk1oMmtE\">Push It\u003c/a>” into a global phenomenon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13828164\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-800x496.jpg\" alt=\"Cameron Paul reveals his mixing secrets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"496\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13828164\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-768x476.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-240x149.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-375x233.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cameron Paul, who provided the spine of New Orleans bounce music with ‘Brown Beats’ and recorded a smash-hit remix of Salt ‘n’ Pepa’s ‘Push It,’ was also a prominent club and radio megamix DJ in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Incidentally, the first local group to score a major label deal wasn’t Hammer, but Surf MCs, a Berkeley group that Profile Records promoted as a Beastie Boys-like rap/rock crossover. Their 1987 album \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojCAqdBA7uA\">Surf or Die\u003c/a>\u003c/em> proved a flop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the third moment that catalyzed Bay Area hip-hop wasn’t a singular record like Timex Social Club’s “Rumors,” or an artist like Hammer and Short. It was the sound of walloping, all-enveloping bass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Made for surgically enhanced car and jeep stereos, the bass colossus is as much a feature of hip-hop in the mid-’80s as the pounding Roland TR-808 machine, from Rick Rubin’s production on LL Cool J’s “Rock the Bells” and T La Rock’s “It’s Yours” to Rodney O and DJ Joe Cooley’s “Everlasting Bass” and Dr. Dre’s work on Eazy-E’s “The Boyz-N-The Hood.” It also mirrors the crack-cocaine epidemic that began to blight and distort communities across the country. As street life turned treacherous, the specter of the hustler, and whether to become one, cast a growing shadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13925761']“Then the new style came, the bass got deeper / You gave up the mike and bought you a beeper / Do you want to rap or sell coke? / Brothers like you ain’t never broke,” Too Short memorably rapped on his 1989 hit, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvfUUOO0xoM\">Life Is…Too Short\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Banjoko recalls how the presence of gangs transformed local shows. “You would see a bunch of people dressed up together [in the same gear], and you might assume they were a rap or dance crew. They were young drug lords,” he says. “You could get trampled, beat up or robbed by any of them. I remember 69 Ville being massively deep at the Fresh Fest and the [Run-DMC] Raising Hell tour. They were terrifying, straight up. You were going to tuck your chain, you were going to take your Kangol off, or they were going to take it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927326\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"409\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hugh EMC, the San Francisco rapper whose 1988 single ‘It’s the Game’ unflinchingly chronicled street life. \u003ccite>(Soul Sonic Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rap imagery became more honest and explicit. Some like Richmond rapper Magic Mike, San Francisco’s Hugh EMC (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_p7L0eJfKI\">It’s the Game\u003c/a>”), and Oakland’s Hollywood (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/641778-Hollywood-Stay-Heart-And-Soul-Raps-Just-A-Battlefield\">Gangster Rap\u003c/a>”) seemed to embrace the hustler ethos, while cautiously adding verses about the consequences of that lifestyle. Then there was Oakland rapper Morocco Moe, whose “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogNoOCIVPrI\">Task\u003c/a>” criticized how law enforcement brutalized communities in the War on Drugs: “Their intentions are good/But their actions are wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every Black neighborhood was infested” with crack, says Vallejo producer Khayree Shaheed. “There was an influx of money coming into young Black men, but there was also a lot of death occurring.” The epidemic also marked his entry into the world of rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a descendant of the Bay Area’s vaunted funk tradition, Khayree spent the ’70s and early ’80s playing bass guitar for bands like Grand Larceny, Body Mind & Spirit and Touch of Class (with keyboardist Rosie Gaines, who later joined Prince & the New Power Generation). His travels took him across the U.S. and even to Japan, where Touch of Class lived and performed for several months. (Though his bands made demos, there are no official recordings to date.) When asked about the first time he heard rap, Khayree cites “jazzoetry” ensembles like The Last Poets, not the Sugarhill Gang. And as a youth growing up on Lofas Place in Vallejo, he spent plenty of time following Con Funk Shun, hoping to apprentice with the biggest band in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927412\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1020x651.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-768x490.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1536x980.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vallejo musician Khayree Shaheed, playing bass onstage in 1979. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Khayree was in his mid-20s when Rod “I.C.E.” Andrews and Dan “Luvva D” Morrison a.k.a. the Luvva Twins brought Khayree a demo they had made on a Casio keyboard, “Hubba Head.” The song title was slang for a crack addict, and the duo described the “hubba head’s” descent into addiction with charismatic punch. They arranged the music and rapped most of the lyrics, while Khayree dropped a short verse and added guitar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khayree had already spent time at Pilate’s home studio, honing his writing and production skills. (“I always enjoyed working with him,” says Pilate.) Now, he brought “Hubba Head” to Pilate, and the two prepared it for release. Setting up his own label, Big Bank Records, Khayree distributed two hundred copies of the 12” to DJs and influencers. “The record was super popular in the streets,” says Khayree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pArkWvlAebg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After “Hubba Head,” Khayree began working with Jay King, a fellow graduate of Vallejo High School. The opportunity to write and produce New Choice’s 1987 single “\u003ca href=\"http://<a%20href=\" https:>Cold Stupid\u003c/a>” and most of the quintet’s 1988 debut, \u003cem>At Last\u003c/em>, gave him important experience on a major project and financial stability. By fusing bass, funky R&B and hip-hop breakbeats, New Choice reflected a parallel R&B movement that both influenced and was inspired by the hip-hop scene. Similar Bay Area acts included Oakland’s Tony! Toni! Toné!, who parlayed backing sessions for Sheila E. and Tramaine Hawkins into a major-label deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flush from his experience with New Choice, Khayree was ready to start his own company. “I’m listening to EPMD’s \u003cem>Strictly Business\u003c/em>,” he says, inspiring the name of his second label, Strictly Business Records. He knew that Mike “The Mac” Robinson, who also grew up on Lofas Place, was a rapper. Robinson hailed from a musical family: his uncle Steve “Silver” Scales was a well-traveled Vallejo funk percussionist who played with Talking Heads, Tom Tom Club, and the B-52s. (Though it would be a delicious coincidence, Scales didn’t perform on “Genius of Love.”) Khayree encouraged Robinson to take music more seriously. Meanwhile, Robinson’s mother drew the memorable Strictly Business logo: an open briefcase, ready for business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, Khayree released The Mac’s three-song EP, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/805531-The-Mac-Im-Ah-Big-Mac\">I’m Ah Big Mac\u003c/a>.” Heard now, what immediately stands out is the unique \u003cem>tone\u003c/em> of the bass. “We used synthesizers that had dumb-fat bass lines,” explains Khayree in reference to himself and Too Short as well as future Bay Area colleagues like Ant Banks. By comparison, he says, other regional scenes relied on a “natural” bass guitar or samples from records. “You feel it through your whole body. … You can get it with a bass guitar, depending on how you EQ the bass and what you run your guitar through. But you’re \u003cem>never\u003c/em> going to touch the subs and the depth of a Minimoog, of the Oberheim Ovx, or the Roland Juno 106.” The EP’s highlight is its B-side “The Game Is Thick,” which centers on a sample of Prince’s “D.M.S.R.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"498\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-1020x635.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-768x478.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick.jpg 1537w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree and The Mac (L–R), pictured on the cover of The Mac’s ‘The Game is Thick.’ \u003ccite>(Phil Bray / Strictly Business Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1989, Khayree remixed and re-released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCxGl7Ok1YI\">The Game Is Thick\u003c/a>” as a standalone 12” with a memorable cover photo: Khayree looking super-clean in a grey suit, clasping a briefcase, with The Mac in a red-and-black bomber jacket. Khayree calls the style “pimping.” “We didn’t mean pimping so much as getting prostitutes to work,” he explains. “It’s an attitude, and it’s a musical style.” The “game” is a metaphor for life in the Black community. Street slang illustrated complex situations, whether it was dealing with the repercussions of a raging crack epidemic, or simply navigating the tensions of everyday living. Meanwhile, The Mac’s “cool, silky, pimpish” flow and Khayree’s synthesized bass production proved a clear predecessor to the ’90s mob-music sound that took over Bay Area rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13924167']Upon release, “The Game Is Thick” didn’t make a major impact, and most copies went to local DJ pools. “We promoted records out of the trunk,” says Khayree. “We went from Bobby G’s Soul Disco in San Francisco to [Rico Casanova’s record pool] The Pros in Oakland.” Still, “The Game Is Thick” remix received a mention in Davey “D” Cook’s April 7, 1989 “Beats & Breaks” column for \u003cem>BAM\u003c/em> Magazine. “Let me tell you, it’s hyped to the max,” Davey D wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Khayree’s encouragement, the Mac taught himself how to produce music with synth keyboards. He also introduced Khayree to another Vallejo artist, Andre “Mac Dre” Hicks, who became Strictly Business’ second act. By the time The Mac was shot and killed on July 23, 1991 in what Khayree calls “a case of mistaken identity,” the two had recorded dozens of tracks and released a third and final 12” protesting police violence, 1990’s “Enuff of Tis Sh-t!” One of The Mac’s beats posthumously appeared on Mac Dre’s 1993 track, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slA_s7tSjMU\">The M.A.C. & Mac D.R.E.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1536x1003.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree with Kool Moe Dee at the 1988 BRE Conference in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Mike had a big, big loving heart,” remembers Khayree, sounding wistful. He emphasizes how The Mac left behind a daughter, “Mac” Reina Robinson, and a pregnant girlfriend who gave birth to his son, Mike. At one point, Khayree plays a voicemail of The Mac passionately singing a funky, swinging hook, as if to counteract the stereotype that rappers aren’t musicians. He talks about how The Mac’s way of playing simple, evocative keyboard notes for maximum effect echoes in the work of his famed protégé, Mac Dre. “I miss him,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area rap broke wide at the end of the decade, leading to a 1989 story in the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/10/arts/rap-by-the-bay-oakland-emerges-as-a-force-in-pop.html\">Rap by the Bay: Oakland Emerges as a Force in Pop\u003c/a>.” Not every local pioneer who laid the groundwork would enjoy the fruits of that success. But their stories are essential to understanding how local hip-hop came of age, and everything that came after.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1705005662,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":86,"wordCount":7705},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Hip-Hop in the 1980s: A Look Back | KQED","description":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","ogTitle":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","ogDescription":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","ogImgId":"arts_13927363","twTitle":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","twDescription":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","twImgId":"arts_13927363","socialTitle":"Bay Area Hip-Hop in the 1980s: A Look Back %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","socialDescription":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","datePublished":"2023-04-05T19:27:37.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T20:41:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"},"authorsData":[{"type":"authors","id":"11855","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11855","found":true},"name":"Mosi Reeves","firstName":"Mosi","lastName":"Reeves","slug":"mreeves","email":"infamous30@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Mosi Reeves is a journalist and cultural critic based in Oakland, California. In addition to KQED, his work has appeared in \u003cem>Rolling Stone\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The Wire\u003c/em>, Pitchfork, \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>, and Grammy.com.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6f376003ca1cf7a873edc107f5f331f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mosi Reeves | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6f376003ca1cf7a873edc107f5f331f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6f376003ca1cf7a873edc107f5f331f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mreeves"}],"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png","width":1020,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/png"},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png","width":1020,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/png"},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"},"tagData":{"tags":["bay area rap","featured-arts","Hip Hop","Oakland","tmw-featured","Too Short","vallejo"]}},"source":"That's My Word","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13927349/bay-area-hip-hop-1980s","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927363\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the mid-1980s, after years of street dance, DJing and graffiti sharing equal space, rapping took center stage. The Bay Area’s bass-heavy sound would arrive at the end of the decade. (Clockwise from top left: Too Short, MC Hammer, Dominique DiPrima, Club Nouveau, and Motorcycle Mike.) \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images; Al Pereira/Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images; SFSU Television Archives; Raymond Boyd/Getty Images; Hodisk Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note\u003c/strong>: This story is part of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">That’s My Word\u003c/a>\u003cem>, KQED’s year-long exploration of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">Bay Area hip-hop\u003c/a> history, with new content dropping all throughout 2023.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span>t’s a wintry January evening when Bas-1 brings me to Del the Funky Homosapien’s house in the East Bay. For much of the afternoon, Bas — the \u003ca href=\"https://eastbayexpress.com/old-school-fool-1/\">Oakland native\u003c/a> who’s worked with Digital Underground and released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=bas-1+full+album+mentally+astute\">his own solo records\u003c/a> — has schooled me on the origins of the Bay Area hip-hop sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas lists numerous rappers from the ’80s, and not just Todd “Too Short” Shaw, the East Oakland rapper who famously hustled homemade cassette tapes. I’ve never heard most of the names Bas mentions: MC Chocolate Milk, Windell Baby Doll, Davy Def, Buddy Bean, Reggie Reg Rock Ski.ter, M.C. Tracy, Rock Master Fresh, Nic Nack, Kimmie Fresh, and the Acorn Crew with Grandmaster Fresh (a rapper later known as “DJ Daryl” Anderson, famed for producing tracks like 415’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuZ6CAwZmys\">Side Show\u003c/a>” and 2Pac’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAJfDP3b5_U\">Keep Ya Head Up\u003c/a>”).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13924126","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many of these early Bay Area rappers never put out a commercially available record. Instead, their work is mostly confined to locally distributed cassette tapes — collectors call them “gray tapes” — that are now nearly impossible to find. They publicly broadcasted these tapes throughout neighborhoods, utilizing boomboxes and car stereos as well as stereos at house parties. “None of them sound like Too Short,” says Bas. “Some of these people didn’t put out recordings, but they were known.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the 1980s, Bay Area hip-hop was an artistic movement struggling for a distinct identity. The first half of the decade was defined by street dance and aerosol art as much as rap and DJing. But as local youth began to absorb the sounds emanating from national hotspots like New York, they created a distinctive style all their own — one that would make a global impact in the years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Del’s house, Bas queues up an extraordinary live video clip of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u3eiG9BtdE\">Mac Mill, Emperor E, and DJ Anthony “K-os” Bryant\u003c/a> performing at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690787/when-oakland-was-a-chocolate-city-a-brief-history-of-festival-at-the-lake\">Festival at the Lake\u003c/a>, a now-defunct annual event held at Lake Merritt, in 1988. (Alex “Naru” Reece, who organized the showcase where Mac Mill performed, clarified in a follow-up conversation that it didn’t happen during Festival at the Lake. He also says the showcase was filmed in 1986 for a 1988 video compilation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mac Mill and Emperor E go back and forth, trading sound effects and dense Oakland slang as K-os cuts and scratches copies of Long Island band Original Concept’s deathless bass classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai4VC0NUxl4\">Knowledge Me\u003c/a>.” Bas praises Mac Mill’s unusual “Arabian” style, which the latter deployed nearly a decade later with the 1995 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_f0TB3Igro\">Arabian Hump\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/5u3eiG9BtdE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/5u3eiG9BtdE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Then, Bas-1 calls Chris “CJ Flash” Jourdan, an OG who worked with Timex Social Club, the Berkeley teen band whose 1986 electro-funk classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVce2IeYcTg\">Rumors\u003c/a>,” represented the first national breakthrough for Bay Area hip-hop culture. As Bas broadcasts CJ Flash’s voice from his phone through Del’s stereo equipment, CJ Flash spends the next hour or so describing a fledging scene where poppers and boogaloo dancers, not rappers or DJs, were the prime attractions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These ensembles drew from a street-dance tradition that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13891300/reclaiming-the-legacy-of-oaklands-boogaloo-dance-culture\">dates back decades\u003c/a>. Their kinetic performances ignited crowds at high schools, house parties, and public spaces like Justin Herman Plaza and Union Square in San Francisco and UC Berkeley’s Sproul Plaza. Battles even took place on the street, with crews traveling to different neighborhoods around the region to seek out rivals. “You could meet with people on their turf and get down, and hopefully not get thumped in the process,” says CJ Flash. Many Bay Area hip-hop pioneers got their start in dance crews, including Club Nouveau’s Jay King (who pop-locked with The Unknowns), DJ King Tech (who was known as Wizard, and danced with Master City Breakers), and Flash himself (who \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub1TtnI4dh8\">performed with UFO\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ub1TtnI4dh8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ub1TtnI4dh8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>By contrast, rapping was a relatively new and undeveloped skill, the lowest element on the hip-hop totem pole. “Anybody could rap. Anybody could say a bunch of basic rhyme words with no style and flavor,” says Bas, noting as an aside that “most folks couldn’t understand the lyrics anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How is a discussion about street dancers connected to an exploration of the Bay Area hip-hop sound? It’s important to understand the conditions under which the genre emerged locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Turntables, Casios and Homemade Tapes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As KQED’s Eric Arnold explains in “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13924126/the-bay-area-was-hip-hop-before-there-was-hip-hop\">The Bay Area Was Hip-Hop Before There Was Hip-Hop\u003c/a>,” foundational elements such as spoken word, funk, and rhythm & blues existed locally well before New Jersey trio Sugarhill Gang arrived with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKTUAESacQM\">Rapper’s Delight\u003c/a>” in the fall of 1979.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13923978","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the same time, the Bay Area was not the Bronx, where breakbeat culture catalyzed and fermented. Bronx DJs, MCs and B-boys like Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Caz, the Rock Steady Crew and many others gained renown among mid-’70s New York youth long before “Rapper’s Delight.” By contrast, as CJ Flash explains, it took much of the 1980s for Bay Area youth to develop the cadences and rhythms we now associate with modern rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, enterprising musicians couldn’t purchase studio software and distribute their own music on an internet platform like Soundcloud. Recording equipment was expensive. An unsigned artist needed the financial and business expertise to manufacture vinyl and cassettes with artwork, much less convince record stores like Leopold’s Records in Berkeley to carry them. (Recordable CD-Rs weren’t widely used until the 1990s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This helps explain why so many rappers utilized turntables and Casio keyboards, and then recorded their songs using the microphone input on relatively cheap stereo equipment. Captured on recordable cassettes like Maxell and TDK, some of these “gray tapes” simply had stickers with handwritten titles. More often, they weren’t labeled at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927410\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927410\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of handmade Bay Area rap tapes, part of Naru’s home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In those days, Too Short was an outlier, a Fremont High School student who canvassed East Oakland spots like Arroyo Park, \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@bayareahiphoparchive/in-conversation-with-56fae687e9c\">selling copies of “Game Raps”\u003c/a> at a few dollars a pop. Since Short was originally from Los Angeles, he relied on rap partner Tony “Freddy B” Adams to show him around the Town. The duo \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#too-short-and-freddy-b-start-making-handmade-tapes\">made customized tapes for local drug dealers and players\u003c/a> in the city’s nightlife — now known as “special request” tapes — shouting out the customers’ names in their raps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Short was a hustler,” says CJ Flash. “He had a style of telling stories that was so outlandish and so funny that word got around.” Short and Freddy B developed the trademark “Biiiiitch!” catchphrase, and Short has often said that he and Freddy B intended to get famous together. Unfortunately, Freddy B was in prison when Short released his landmark “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwVJTvOO4yY\">Freaky Tales\u003c/a>” tape in 1987. (Adams is \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailyrepublic.com/all-dr-news/solano-news/local-features/from-too-hort-colleague-to-christian-missionary/\">now a minister\u003c/a> at Mount Calvary Baptist Church in Fairfield.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 676px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"676\" height=\"455\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927341\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg 676w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984-160x108.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short in 1984, at the age of 18. \u003ccite>(Katy Raddatz/San Francisco Examiner/Bancroft Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Others like Sir Quick Draw, Mac Mill, and Chief Naked Head (later known as Premo; he passed away in January of 2023) simply gave away their tapes or let friends copy or “dub” the originals. As Richmond rapper \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13925761/magic-mike-richmond-calvin-t-rap-hip-hop\">Magic Mike explained in a recent interview with Dregs One\u003c/a>, dubs of his tracks circulated as widely as Germany. “It was more or less trying to make a name for yourself…you had to make a tape,” adds CJ Flash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Bay Area hip-hop in the ’80s was a primordial soup of youngsters figuring out what the local sound would be. The answers wouldn’t arrive until near the end of the decade. “The Bay Area was behind,” says CJ Flash, comparing it to more advanced regions like Los Angeles, South Florida, and New York. “We never thought about radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Pivotal Moment’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alex “Naru Kwina” Hence remembers the first time he heard the Sugarhill Gang’s “Rapper’s Delight” as a 14-year-old preparing to attend Oakland High School. “When the song went off, everybody ran outside, like, ‘Did you hear that song?!” he laughs, calling it one of the best moments of his life. “It was a pivotal moment, bro. We literally started rapping the song and trying to remember it.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naru called himself Sir Quick Draw, an alias inspired by Hanna-Barbera cartoon \u003cem>Quick Draw McGraw\u003c/em> as well as the fact that, as a runner, “I was hella fast.” He took inspiration from Kurtis Blow, the Harlem rapper who scored major hits like 1980’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzl-2g5HhaI\">The Breaks\u003c/a>.” And Naru almost immediately began recording his voice on tape. His first original song was “The Caveman Rap,” which was inspired by Brooklyn rapper Jimmy Spicer’s 1980 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkGLco0tGqc\">Adventures of Super Rhyme\u003c/a>.” Naru can still recite those verses from memory: \u003cem>Now people come and take a trip in time with me / Back to that sweet year one million B.C.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still got that old-school flavor, man,” he admits. “Hip-hop was more fun for me back then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"840\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927368\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1-160x224.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Naru Kwina, who recorded under the names Sir Quick Draw and Em Cee Quick, poses with his home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But rap in the Bay Area didn’t take off right away. “Most people would rap other people’s songs. They’d just repeat what they heard on the radio,” says Naru. Aspiring MCs honed their craft by congregating at Eastmont Mall, “trying to impress the girls, and getting our names on our derby jackets.” And when Tom Tom Club’s 1981 hit “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECiMhe4E0pI\">Genius of Love\u003c/a>” dropped? “Everybody rapped over that joint, man. Too many people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s worth remembering that hip-hop was a phenomenon developed essentially by Black and Brown children. Rapping, pop-locking, spray-painting aerosol art on neighborhood walls, even DJing: These were youthful forms of play and creative expression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas, who grew up in North Oakland, remembers \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#at-fishermans-wharf-a-street-dance-destination-emerges\">popping and “roboting” at Pier 39 on Fisherman’s Wharf\u003c/a> in the late ’70s as a child. “You have people like Ben [James] from Live Incorporated doing pantomime and roboting,” he says, noting one of the better-known dance crews. Dancers competed for attention and tips that they could spend on Snickers bars and arcade games. “Battle-wise, you had to have skill and talent to a certain caliber in order to truly be out on the Wharf or on Market [and Powell] in front of the cable cars,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A street dance crew called The Vita Family perform at Pier 39 in 1986. \u003ccite>(Liz Hafalia/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local newspaper stories focused on the emergence of hip-hop as a youth obsession. Enterprising teachers incorporated it into their lesson plans. On high-school campuses, fledgling DJs like Joseph Thomas “G.I. Joe” Simms Jr. at El Cerrito High School and groups like the Devastating Four proliferated. At house parties, mobile DJ crews spun the latest electro, boogie-funk, and rap hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gatherings at schools, churches, and community centers typically reserved a few minutes for fledgling local rap and dance crews to perform. This was also the era of \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#nancy-reagan-visits-oakland-and-coins-the-phrase-just-say-no\">the Reagan Administration’s “Just Say No” campaign\u003c/a>, and kids were often asked to help spread an anti-drug message through raps. “Inspired by rapping groups such as Sugar Hill, Run DMC, Jeckyl and Hyde and Mell (sic) and the Furious Five, teen-agers create their own raps mostly for fun and to bring attention to themselves,” read a June 29, 1985, story in the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13925415","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the first half of the decade, street dance remained a focal point. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/04/1140504217/double-dutch-fantastic-four-holiday-classic\">Double Dutch jump-rope competitions\u003c/a> sponsored by McDonald’s drew thousands to Lincoln Square Center in Oakland. The San Francisco Street Breakers held a fundraising benefit, “Super Break Sunday,” at San Francisco’s Palace of Fine Arts in 1985. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, street dance “got played out” after the success of Hollywood movies like \u003cem>Beat Street\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Breakin’\u003c/em>, and rap music moved to the center of hip-hop culture. Quickening the process were concerts by Black music stars like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-fresh-fest-comes-to-oakland\">Fresh Festival\u003c/a>, the first national hip-hop tour, with headliners Run-DMC at the Oakland Coliseum. Local radio tentatively began to experiment with rap, notably KMEL-FM and its mix DJs such as Michael Erickson and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13828163/watch-cameron-paul-give-a-masterclass-in-early-djing\">the late Cameron Paul\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"952\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13927323\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-800x1190.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-160x238.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-768x1142.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1033x1536.jpg 1033w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_.jpg 1345w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flyer for the Fresh Festival, which arrived in Oakland in 1984.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“By 1985, there was this incredible scene in the South Bay,” says Adisa “The Bishop” Banjoko. As a teen DJ in San Bruno “who looked like Urkel,” he remembers traveling far and wide to buy records, from Creative Music Emporium in San Francisco to T’s Wauzi in Oakland. Meanwhile, nightclubs like Mothers and Studio 47 brought a fusion of hip-hop, freestyle and techno. “San Jose had underage hip-hop teenage clubs, and no other city had those,” he says. (Banjoko later became a rapper, a journalist, and now promotes jiu-jitsu, meditation and chess with his company \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/real64blocks/?hl=en\">64 Blocks\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Oakland, Naru continued making tapes. “I come from a musical family. My cousin’s the Maestro” — a.k.a. producer Keenan Foster, who has worked with Too Short, Dru Down, and Askari X — “and a lot of my family sings. I got a drum machine, a little Yamaha keyboard. I would play my bass lines. We had double-cassette decks.” He collaborated with Taj “Turntable T” Tilghman, “who was dope on the turntables.” Turntable T eventually bought a Roland TR-808 drum machine, the instrument du jour for def beat MCs. “When that 808 came, that was it. Everyone loved that deck. \u003cem>Boom!\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gray tapes” that circulated weren’t the EP and album-length releases we’re familiar with today. Some tapes only had one song per side; or maybe just one song on one side, period. Artists were judged not only by their ability to rap engagingly for several minutes, but also to chop up a familiar beat like Whodini’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5r0i2ZAbCc\">Friends\u003c/a>,” transforming it into something fresh and original; or even make rudimentary 808 beats. For example, Too Short drew attention for “rapping the longest,” as Bas explains, leading to songs that lasted eight or nine minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"682\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-1020x870.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-160x136.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-768x655.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adisa Banjoko in the 1980s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Adisa Banjoko)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those tapes were everywhere. Everyone was trying to see what was possible,” says Banjoko. In 1987, he began making raps under the name MC Most Ill. His first song was “Rhyme Junkie.” “The truth was, some of it was really cool but a lot of it actually also sucked, because [the art form] was brand new. … The quality control was not there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On August 18, 1984, the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> published an article called “Rapping with Too-Short,” the first story on the 18-year-old prodigy. Pacific News Service journalist Anthony Adams called Short’s songs “preacher-like yarns over pre-recorded music,” and noted that one of them was about automaker John DeLorean, whose conviction for cocaine trafficking made national news. Short claimed he and his partner Freddy B sold over 2,000 tapes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Chronicle-Examiner\u003c/em> also frequently interviewed \u003ca href=\"https://www.dominiquediprima.com/\">Dominique “Lady D” DiPrima\u003c/a>, a New York transplant and San Francisco State University student who rapped, sung, and organized events. DiPrima possessed a rich family pedigree — her father was the jazz writer Amiri Baraka, her mother the beat poet Diane DiPrima. In late 1984, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#home-turf-premieres-on-kron-tv\">KRON-TV recruited her to host \u003cem>Home Turf\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a Saturday-afternoon program that became appointment viewing for local teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone had a crush on Dominique,” says Naru, giggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1020x690.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-768x520.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1536x1039.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_.png 1540w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dominique DiPrima, pictured here hosting a 1987 episode of ‘Home Turf’ on KRON-4. \u003ccite>(SFSU Television Archive)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The First Bay Area Rap Record Opens the Floodgates\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the under-acknowledged aspects of early hip-hop is the way elder Black musicians shepherded young artists into the recording industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The late Sylvia Robinson, who was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2022, initially emerged in the mid-’50s as one-half of Mickey & Sylvia, who scored a national hit with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SwMB9v1pQ4\">Love Is Strange\u003c/a>.” As a ’70s solo artist and producer, Robinson made slinky, Eartha Kitt-like erotic disco capers such as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NA2X1040_gY\">Pillow Talk\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPScEJ66_m4\">Sweet Stuff\u003c/a>.” After discovering hip-hop when she heard DJ Lovebug Starski at a party, Robinson formed Sugar Hill Records, and turned three rapping teens she found in New Jersey into its first act, the Sugarhill Gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process of soul veterans working with young people resulted in independent 12” singles that mirrored — if not yet accurately capturing — the nascent rap sound at a time when big companies virtually ignored it. With his Mercury Records contract, Kurtis Blow was the only act with a major album deal. A handful of other pioneers like DJ Hollywood scored one-off 12” deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar process played out in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/2R_h9BCuvBE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/2R_h9BCuvBE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The first Bay Area rap record is widely considered to be Phil “Motorcycle Mike” Lewis and the Rat Trap Band’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4Odk2Vu70s\">Super Rat\u003c/a>,” a 1981 boogie-funk single notoriously released by East Oakland heroin kingpin Milton “Mickey Mo” Moore’s Hodisk Records. The name “Hodisk” was a cheeky reference to his onetime side business as a pimp. (Moore has since reformed and is now a pastor in West Oakland.) In fact, Mickey Mo boasts in his 1996 autobiography \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qy6RNV6f5w\">The Man: The Life Story of a Drug Kingpin\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, “Hodisk Records became the first record company on the West Coast to release a rap record.” (The first L.A. rap record, Disco Daddy and Captain Rapp’s “The Gigolo Rapp,” was also released in 1981.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mickey Mo has another claim to rap lore: In 1980, he \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-first-rap-performance-on-a-major-stage\">helped finance an Oakland Coliseum concert\u003c/a> headlined by L.A. funk band War, with the Sugarhill Gang as a supporting act. Journalist Lee Hildebrand’s pre-concert interview with the Gang in the \u003cem>Oakland Tribune\u003c/em> was the first mention of rap music in the local press. A second funk-rap novelty, Steve Walker’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vB9jCLUWwBY\">Tally Ho!\u003c/a>,” also appeared in 1981. In 1983, San Francisco’s Debo & Brian released the electro-funk EP \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgv_AfTbEng\">This Is It\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. The momentum had started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had made this vow that I would never ever do anything having to do with rap,” laughs Claytoven Richardson. During his long career, the Berkeley-born, Oakland-raised Richardson worked with Aretha Franklin, Kenny G, Whitney Houston, Elton John, and Celine Dion. But in the early ’80s, he was best known as a singer, producer, and arranger with hot dancefloor jazz-funk bands like Bill Summers & Summers’ Heat. His anti-rap stance reflected the music industry at large in the 1980s. “Nobody had the foresight to see that it would morph and change and do the things that it’s done,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 625px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"352\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927369\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg 625w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Claytoven Richardson pictured in March 2023 in Los Angeles, California. \u003ccite>(Steven Simione/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Richardson couldn’t avoid the increasingly popular genre when he scored a production deal at Fantasy Records, the onetime Berkeley jazz label also known for innovative acts like Sylvester and Cybotron, as well as one-off singles generated by a “throw it against the wall and see if it sticks” philosophy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the records Richardson produced in that anything-goes environment was Mighty Mouth’s satirical complaint, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU1hAFnrtU8\">I’m All Rapped Out\u003c/a>.” (He wasn’t the only one annoyed over rap; perhaps out of wishful thinking, a 1985 \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> article referred to the “fast-fading hip-hop scene.”) A vocalist named Lawrence Pittman didn’t show up for the session, so Richardson performed the lyrics himself. However, Pittman showed up to rap on Mighty Mouth’s second single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqfQcLbemE4\">The Roaches\u003c/a>,” which parodied Whodini’s electro hit, “Freaks Come Out at Night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other scattered local raps appeared between 1985 and 1986. Former boogaloo dancer Jay King, just home from a stint in the Air Force and splitting time between Sacramento and Vallejo, formed a group called Frost and released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hObIekxeoSg\">Battle Beat\u003c/a>.” His friends Denzil Foster & Thomas McElroy produced it, as well as another electro-rap track, Sorcerey’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ap6uw-kX8o\">Woo Baby\u003c/a>.” Pittsburg rapper James “Red Beat” Briggs issued “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7dUlMEZUSc\">Freak City\u003c/a>,” which was later remixed by N.W.A. co-founder Arabian Prince. And there was Rodney “Disco Alamo” Brown, from Richmond, whose 12” “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6K-pXg1DY98\">The Task Force\u003c/a>” is \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#richmonds-task-force-memorialized-on-wax\">an early example\u003c/a> of Bay Area rap chronicling street life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927313\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"484\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927313\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-1020x618.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-768x465.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short, pictured at his manager’s house in Oakland on September 21, 1987. \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Too Short’s rising buzz led to a deal with deep East Oakland entrepreneur Dean Hodges’ 75 Girls label. Released in 1985, the resulting \u003cem>Don’t Stop Rappin’\u003c/em> was the first official album by a local rapper. While fans of a certain age still treasure protean electro-funk tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2ywke376NQ\">Girl\u003c/a>” — which E-40 referenced on his 1998 hit, “Earl, That’s Yo Life” — the album couldn’t compare to his raunchy and wickedly hilarious “special request” tapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during this period that Naru finally got his chance in the studio. Since 1984, UC Berkeley station \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#college-radio-makes-its-mark\">KALX-FM\u003c/a> served as home to “Music for the People,” a Sunday-morning community affairs and music show hosted by the late Charles “Natty Prep” Douglass, as well as DJs like Billy “Jam” Kiernan (who also broadcast on San Francisco State University station KUSF-FM), David “Davey D” Cook, and funkster Rickey “The Uhuru Maggot” Vincent. When Naru won \u003ca href=\"https://wfmu.org/playlists/shows/107287\">a 1986 rap contest hosted by Billy Jam on KALX\u003c/a>, he earned a deal with Bay Wave Records, a local imprint distributed by Hollywood-based Macola Records. Richardson was hired to produce the session.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/dLlNn1Zh1ww'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/dLlNn1Zh1ww'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“[Quick Draw] was a great rapper. He had a lot of great lyrics and ideas,” says Richardson. On “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLlNn1Zh1ww\">Rapaholic\u003c/a>,” Richardson and session engineer Michael Denten (who later worked with Spice 1 and E-40) accompanied Quick Draw’s dexterous and energetic raps with sharp-angled percussive edits and sound effects reminiscent of The Art of Noise and Mantronix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Respect to Claytoven,” says Naru, who not only continues to make music but also owns a company, \u003ca href=\"http://hiplearning.org/\">Hip Learning\u003c/a>, that promotes childhood education with rap. He wasn’t entirely satisfied with the “Rapaholic” experience: “They made the record sound hella more polished. It was [supposed to be] a little more underground than that.” However, he adds, “[Claytoven] taught us a lot in the studio about the mics they use and how to mix. It was a good experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"889\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photocopied flyer advertising Sir Quick Draw’s single ‘Rapaholic.’ \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A Radio Breakthrough — And a Kid Named Hammer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the trajectory of Bay Area hip-hop waxed and waned, three catalyzing moments brought the scene into focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first was an R&B track. Timex Social Club’s “Rumors” captured the pulse of Bay Area youth culture, from Marcus Thompson and Alex Hill’s skittering electro-funk bass and drums to singer Michael Marshall’s distinctly regional accent and coy recitation of schoolyard gossip (“Did you hear the one about Michael? Some say he must be gay…”) Produced by Jay King and Denzil Foster and released on King’s Jay Records in February 1986, it mushroomed into a top ten \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> pop hit and dominated radio all year.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/jVce2IeYcTg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/jVce2IeYcTg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>But by the summer, Timex Social Club was falling apart and trading accusations with King over money and credit. The group’s only album \u003cem>Vicious Rumors\u003c/em> — by that point it was just Michael Marshall — featured drum programming from CJ Flash and a shout-out to KALX’s Natty Prep, who helped break “Rumors” on his “Music and Life” show. Marshall retreated from the spotlight before \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#i-got-5-on-it-remix-a-meeting-of-greats-recorded-in-alameda\">re-emerging as the hook man\u003c/a> on the Luniz’ 1995 smash “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERtkpnXLrL4\">I Got 5 on It\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After breaking with Timex Social Club, King formed a group called Jet Set and signed a deal with Warner Bros. Records. The group changed their name to Club Nouveau before debuting with the single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKWhkjXV5uM\">Jealousy\u003c/a>.” A follow-up, the Bill Withers cover “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbyjaUJWWmk\">Lean on Me\u003c/a>,” went to number-one on the \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> Hot 100, while Club Nouveau’s debut album \u003cem>Life, Love & Pain\u003c/em> went platinum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"489\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927310\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-768x470.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Singers Samuelle Prater, Jay King and Valerie Watson of Club Nouveau performs at the U.I.C. Pavilion in Chicago, Illinois in August 1987. \u003ccite>(Raymond Boyd/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>King’s growing stardom rippled across the Bay and reached Felton Pilate, the Vallejo keyboardist, singer, and producer best known as a driving force in Bay Area funk stars Con Funk Shun. The two had already worked together on King’s onetime rap group Frost; Pilate engineered that record. Pilate soon added one of King’s projects, Sacramento R&B/rap group New Choice, to a growing slate of projects he produced and engineered at his Felstar Studios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felstar Studios was the culmination of work he had begun while not touring and rehearsing with Con Funk Shun. At his home studio on Sandpiper Drive in Vallejo, Pilate helped assemble records for fledgling local artists. “I never thought of myself as just a studio,” he says, where he simply records his clients. “I have a little experience here. I’ve got several gold albums. Here, let me pass on some of this knowledge.” When asked if he considered himself a mentor, he demurs, even though that’s arguably what he was. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Pilate opened Felstar Studios on Sonoma Boulevard, his trusted associate was James Earley, a young engineer whom he credits for adding a more contemporary sensibility to the Studios’ output. Among the locals who came to them were M.V.P., a family trio consisting of Earl Stevens, Danell Stevens, and Brandt Jones. Their 1988 12”, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfLuAL6DueI\">The Kings Men\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, also included Tanina Stevens and Angela Pressley, who called themselves Sugar ‘N’ Spice. The members of M.V.P. updated their stage names to E-40, D-Shot and B-Legit, added Tanina as Suga T, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-clicks-down-dirty-ushers-in-mobb-music-era\">evolved into The Click\u003c/a>, arguably becoming the most famous rap group to emerge from Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927370\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">M.V.P., a 1988 Vallejo rap group featuring Busy D, E-40 and Legit (L–R). The three would later add E-40’s sister Suga T and become known as The Click. \u003ccite>(Gerry Ericksen / Rushforce Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1986, Pilate and Earley both had solo deals at Berkeley’s Fantasy Records. It was there that Pilate met a former Oakland A’s batboy named Stanley “Holyghost Boy” Burrell through Fantasy Records producer Fred L. Pittman. “Fred would often hire me to do keyboard arrangements for him,” says Pilate. When Pittman asked him to play keys for Holyghost Boy, Pilate responded, “Hey Fred, why don’t you let me take the reins on this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a classically trained jazz and classical musician, Pilate didn’t think much of rap, even though Con Funk Shun not only included a rap verse on a 1982 single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ9GHVTI-EE\">Ain’t Nobody Baby\u003c/a>”; but also made “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmmzvN7raB0\">Electric Lady\u003c/a>,” a 1985 hit produced by Larry Smith of Whodini fame that landed in the top five of \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>’s Black Singles chart. “Musically, I wasn’t a fan, but as a producer, I said, ‘I can do this,’” he says. “Like everyone else, Con Funk Shun wanted to be relevant, and rap was all over the radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tracks Burrell brought to Pilate consisted of him rapping over sparse Yamaha RX5 drum-machine parts. Pilate responded by going into “study mode.” He listened to the rap stuff that was getting airplay like Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew. As a result, the skittering percussion on Burrell’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akVWFiptGNY\">Let’s Get It Started\u003c/a>” is reminiscent of the go-go-inspired arrangements on Doug E. Fresh hits like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sGw9GSCiYU\">The Show\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UtqnKIF7kE\">All the Way to Heaven\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927325\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-1020x720.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-768x542.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer films the music video for ‘Let’s Get It Started’ at Sweet Jimmie’s nightclub in downtown Oakland, March 19, 1988. \u003ccite>(Deanne Fitzmaurice/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My thing was to make it more music-driven than beat-driven,” says Pilate. In many cases, he simply “listened to what [Burrell] was talking about and wrote a straight R&B song underneath it.” He also gives credit to Earley, who helped refine the drum programming and brought “that younger ear” to the project. They incorporated stock horn stabs from a battery of Juno, Roland, and Yamaha drum machines. Meanwhile, Kent “The Lone Mixer” Wilson and Bryant “D.J. Redeemed” Marable added rhythmic scratches by cutting up Curtis Mayfield and Beastie Boys records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the demos were finished, Fantasy Records dropped Pilate, Earley and Burrell from their deals. “They weren’t really sure how to market any of us,” says Pilate. Then, he chuckles, “The next time I ran into the Holyghost Boy, he had changed his name to MC Hammer.” After forming Bustin’ Records in Fremont with financial help from Oakland A’s ballplayers like Mike Davis and Dwayne Murphy, Hammer turned the Pilate demos into three 12”s — “Ring ’Em,” “The Thrill Is Gone” and “Let’s Get It Started” — and the 1987 album \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em>. “I was like, man, those were rough mixes! You were supposed to come back and let me fix that!” Pilate laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone involved in Bay Area hip-hop has vivid memories of MC Hammer blowing up. Near-mythical stories of his local takeover abound, like attending local concerts surrounded by a massive crew; or tearing up the dance floor at The Silks, a popular nightclub in Emeryville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927324\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"727\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-1020x926.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-160x145.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-768x698.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate.jpg 1058w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer and Fenton Pilate in modern times. Pilate engineered and co-produced MC Hammer’s first recordings. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Felton Pilate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s worth revisiting \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em> and 1988’s \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em>. Released after Hammer signed with Capitol Records, \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em> found Hammer and Pilate remixing those original demos while adding vital new tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sZVcXzSE3M\">Pump It Up\u003c/a>.” The results are bombastic and vibrant dance-floor jams as ecstatic as anything by Kid ‘n’ Play and Salt-n-Pepa. Hammer’s subsequent leap into pop superstardom with 1990’s \u003cem>Please Hammer Don’t Hurt ‘Em\u003c/em> and the ubiquity of “U Can’t Touch This” obscure just how great those early tracks are.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Eight Woofers in the Trunk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>MC Hammer’s major-label arrival in 1988 capped a year of Bay Area hip-hop on the cusp of national exposure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Too Short issued \u003cem>Born to Mack\u003c/em> in the fall of 1987 on his Dangerous Music label, Jive Records picked it up. (Dangerous Music also issued \u003cem>Dangerous Crew\u003c/em>, a compilation of vital Bay Area acts like Spice-1, Rappin’ 4-Tay, and the female duo Danger Zone.) Digital Underground’s playful and psychedelic “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zQ1frcgSbI\">Underwater Rimes\u003c/a> / \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpBNB20wVo0\">Your Life’s a Cartoon\u003c/a>” led to a deal with Tommy Boy. Local talent waited in the wings, including rapper/producer Paris (A.T.C.’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHpiPWfOBk4\">Cisco Jam\u003c/a>”), Sway & King Tech (\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBJujmVXiwE\">Flynamic Force\u003c/a>\u003c/em> EP), Dangerous Dame (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9Frj4j09GE\">The Power That’s Packed\u003c/a>”), and MC Twist and the Def Squad (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lZz7qhjfjw\">Just Rock\u003c/a>”). And the late Cameron Paul, known for his “Beats & Pieces” breakbeats, remixed Queens trio Salt-n-Pepa’s 1987 track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkdk1oMmtE\">Push It\u003c/a>” into a global phenomenon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13828164\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-800x496.jpg\" alt=\"Cameron Paul reveals his mixing secrets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"496\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13828164\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-768x476.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-240x149.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-375x233.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cameron Paul, who provided the spine of New Orleans bounce music with ‘Brown Beats’ and recorded a smash-hit remix of Salt ‘n’ Pepa’s ‘Push It,’ was also a prominent club and radio megamix DJ in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Incidentally, the first local group to score a major label deal wasn’t Hammer, but Surf MCs, a Berkeley group that Profile Records promoted as a Beastie Boys-like rap/rock crossover. Their 1987 album \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojCAqdBA7uA\">Surf or Die\u003c/a>\u003c/em> proved a flop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the third moment that catalyzed Bay Area hip-hop wasn’t a singular record like Timex Social Club’s “Rumors,” or an artist like Hammer and Short. It was the sound of walloping, all-enveloping bass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Made for surgically enhanced car and jeep stereos, the bass colossus is as much a feature of hip-hop in the mid-’80s as the pounding Roland TR-808 machine, from Rick Rubin’s production on LL Cool J’s “Rock the Bells” and T La Rock’s “It’s Yours” to Rodney O and DJ Joe Cooley’s “Everlasting Bass” and Dr. Dre’s work on Eazy-E’s “The Boyz-N-The Hood.” It also mirrors the crack-cocaine epidemic that began to blight and distort communities across the country. As street life turned treacherous, the specter of the hustler, and whether to become one, cast a growing shadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13925761","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Then the new style came, the bass got deeper / You gave up the mike and bought you a beeper / Do you want to rap or sell coke? / Brothers like you ain’t never broke,” Too Short memorably rapped on his 1989 hit, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvfUUOO0xoM\">Life Is…Too Short\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Banjoko recalls how the presence of gangs transformed local shows. “You would see a bunch of people dressed up together [in the same gear], and you might assume they were a rap or dance crew. They were young drug lords,” he says. “You could get trampled, beat up or robbed by any of them. I remember 69 Ville being massively deep at the Fresh Fest and the [Run-DMC] Raising Hell tour. They were terrifying, straight up. You were going to tuck your chain, you were going to take your Kangol off, or they were going to take it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927326\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"409\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hugh EMC, the San Francisco rapper whose 1988 single ‘It’s the Game’ unflinchingly chronicled street life. \u003ccite>(Soul Sonic Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rap imagery became more honest and explicit. Some like Richmond rapper Magic Mike, San Francisco’s Hugh EMC (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_p7L0eJfKI\">It’s the Game\u003c/a>”), and Oakland’s Hollywood (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/641778-Hollywood-Stay-Heart-And-Soul-Raps-Just-A-Battlefield\">Gangster Rap\u003c/a>”) seemed to embrace the hustler ethos, while cautiously adding verses about the consequences of that lifestyle. Then there was Oakland rapper Morocco Moe, whose “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogNoOCIVPrI\">Task\u003c/a>” criticized how law enforcement brutalized communities in the War on Drugs: “Their intentions are good/But their actions are wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every Black neighborhood was infested” with crack, says Vallejo producer Khayree Shaheed. “There was an influx of money coming into young Black men, but there was also a lot of death occurring.” The epidemic also marked his entry into the world of rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a descendant of the Bay Area’s vaunted funk tradition, Khayree spent the ’70s and early ’80s playing bass guitar for bands like Grand Larceny, Body Mind & Spirit and Touch of Class (with keyboardist Rosie Gaines, who later joined Prince & the New Power Generation). His travels took him across the U.S. and even to Japan, where Touch of Class lived and performed for several months. (Though his bands made demos, there are no official recordings to date.) When asked about the first time he heard rap, Khayree cites “jazzoetry” ensembles like The Last Poets, not the Sugarhill Gang. And as a youth growing up on Lofas Place in Vallejo, he spent plenty of time following Con Funk Shun, hoping to apprentice with the biggest band in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927412\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1020x651.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-768x490.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1536x980.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vallejo musician Khayree Shaheed, playing bass onstage in 1979. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Khayree was in his mid-20s when Rod “I.C.E.” Andrews and Dan “Luvva D” Morrison a.k.a. the Luvva Twins brought Khayree a demo they had made on a Casio keyboard, “Hubba Head.” The song title was slang for a crack addict, and the duo described the “hubba head’s” descent into addiction with charismatic punch. They arranged the music and rapped most of the lyrics, while Khayree dropped a short verse and added guitar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khayree had already spent time at Pilate’s home studio, honing his writing and production skills. (“I always enjoyed working with him,” says Pilate.) Now, he brought “Hubba Head” to Pilate, and the two prepared it for release. Setting up his own label, Big Bank Records, Khayree distributed two hundred copies of the 12” to DJs and influencers. “The record was super popular in the streets,” says Khayree.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/pArkWvlAebg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/pArkWvlAebg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>After “Hubba Head,” Khayree began working with Jay King, a fellow graduate of Vallejo High School. The opportunity to write and produce New Choice’s 1987 single “\u003ca href=\"http://<a%20href=\" https:>Cold Stupid\u003c/a>” and most of the quintet’s 1988 debut, \u003cem>At Last\u003c/em>, gave him important experience on a major project and financial stability. By fusing bass, funky R&B and hip-hop breakbeats, New Choice reflected a parallel R&B movement that both influenced and was inspired by the hip-hop scene. Similar Bay Area acts included Oakland’s Tony! Toni! Toné!, who parlayed backing sessions for Sheila E. and Tramaine Hawkins into a major-label deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flush from his experience with New Choice, Khayree was ready to start his own company. “I’m listening to EPMD’s \u003cem>Strictly Business\u003c/em>,” he says, inspiring the name of his second label, Strictly Business Records. He knew that Mike “The Mac” Robinson, who also grew up on Lofas Place, was a rapper. Robinson hailed from a musical family: his uncle Steve “Silver” Scales was a well-traveled Vallejo funk percussionist who played with Talking Heads, Tom Tom Club, and the B-52s. (Though it would be a delicious coincidence, Scales didn’t perform on “Genius of Love.”) Khayree encouraged Robinson to take music more seriously. Meanwhile, Robinson’s mother drew the memorable Strictly Business logo: an open briefcase, ready for business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, Khayree released The Mac’s three-song EP, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/805531-The-Mac-Im-Ah-Big-Mac\">I’m Ah Big Mac\u003c/a>.” Heard now, what immediately stands out is the unique \u003cem>tone\u003c/em> of the bass. “We used synthesizers that had dumb-fat bass lines,” explains Khayree in reference to himself and Too Short as well as future Bay Area colleagues like Ant Banks. By comparison, he says, other regional scenes relied on a “natural” bass guitar or samples from records. “You feel it through your whole body. … You can get it with a bass guitar, depending on how you EQ the bass and what you run your guitar through. But you’re \u003cem>never\u003c/em> going to touch the subs and the depth of a Minimoog, of the Oberheim Ovx, or the Roland Juno 106.” The EP’s highlight is its B-side “The Game Is Thick,” which centers on a sample of Prince’s “D.M.S.R.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"498\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-1020x635.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-768x478.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick.jpg 1537w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree and The Mac (L–R), pictured on the cover of The Mac’s ‘The Game is Thick.’ \u003ccite>(Phil Bray / Strictly Business Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1989, Khayree remixed and re-released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCxGl7Ok1YI\">The Game Is Thick\u003c/a>” as a standalone 12” with a memorable cover photo: Khayree looking super-clean in a grey suit, clasping a briefcase, with The Mac in a red-and-black bomber jacket. Khayree calls the style “pimping.” “We didn’t mean pimping so much as getting prostitutes to work,” he explains. “It’s an attitude, and it’s a musical style.” The “game” is a metaphor for life in the Black community. Street slang illustrated complex situations, whether it was dealing with the repercussions of a raging crack epidemic, or simply navigating the tensions of everyday living. Meanwhile, The Mac’s “cool, silky, pimpish” flow and Khayree’s synthesized bass production proved a clear predecessor to the ’90s mob-music sound that took over Bay Area rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13924167","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Upon release, “The Game Is Thick” didn’t make a major impact, and most copies went to local DJ pools. “We promoted records out of the trunk,” says Khayree. “We went from Bobby G’s Soul Disco in San Francisco to [Rico Casanova’s record pool] The Pros in Oakland.” Still, “The Game Is Thick” remix received a mention in Davey “D” Cook’s April 7, 1989 “Beats & Breaks” column for \u003cem>BAM\u003c/em> Magazine. “Let me tell you, it’s hyped to the max,” Davey D wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Khayree’s encouragement, the Mac taught himself how to produce music with synth keyboards. He also introduced Khayree to another Vallejo artist, Andre “Mac Dre” Hicks, who became Strictly Business’ second act. By the time The Mac was shot and killed on July 23, 1991 in what Khayree calls “a case of mistaken identity,” the two had recorded dozens of tracks and released a third and final 12” protesting police violence, 1990’s “Enuff of Tis Sh-t!” One of The Mac’s beats posthumously appeared on Mac Dre’s 1993 track, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slA_s7tSjMU\">The M.A.C. & Mac D.R.E.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1536x1003.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree with Kool Moe Dee at the 1988 BRE Conference in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Mike had a big, big loving heart,” remembers Khayree, sounding wistful. He emphasizes how The Mac left behind a daughter, “Mac” Reina Robinson, and a pregnant girlfriend who gave birth to his son, Mike. At one point, Khayree plays a voicemail of The Mac passionately singing a funky, swinging hook, as if to counteract the stereotype that rappers aren’t musicians. He talks about how The Mac’s way of playing simple, evocative keyboard notes for maximum effect echoes in the work of his famed protégé, Mac Dre. “I miss him,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area rap broke wide at the end of the decade, leading to a 1989 story in the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/10/arts/rap-by-the-bay-oakland-emerges-as-a-force-in-pop.html\">Rap by the Bay: Oakland Emerges as a Force in Pop\u003c/a>.” Not every local pioneer who laid the groundwork would enjoy the fruits of that success. But their stories are essential to understanding how local hip-hop came of age, and everything that came after.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13927349/bay-area-hip-hop-1980s","authors":["11855"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_835","arts_966","arts_7862","arts_69","arts_75","arts_990","arts_70"],"tags":["arts_5397","arts_10278","arts_831","arts_1143","arts_19346","arts_3478","arts_3800"],"featImg":"arts_13927364","label":"source_arts_13927349","isLoading":false,"hasAllInfo":true}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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