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He's worked for WTOP Radio in Washington DC, WYPR Radio in Baltimore, The Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, and America Abroad Media.\r\n\r\nHis most difficult job though was when he taught 7th grade mathematics in inner-city Baltimore. \r\n\r\nJoey has returned to his San Francisco roots and is now a contributor for KQED's \"The Lowdown.\" Joey has a Masters in Urban Education, and he's scuba certified.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/35d728cd1054f607740bf621a50549b4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"lowdown","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Joey Kahn | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/35d728cd1054f607740bf621a50549b4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/35d728cd1054f607740bf621a50549b4?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/joeykahn"},"charukukreja":{"type":"authors","id":"8658","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"8658","found":true},"name":"Charu Kukreja","firstName":"Charu","lastName":"Kukreja","slug":"charukukreja","email":"charu@dcrdesign.net","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Charu is a writer, designer & urban planner based in Los Angeles, CA","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/242498bfba464209ac2dea7d895a5fd4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"charukukreja","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"lowdown","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Charu Kukreja | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/242498bfba464209ac2dea7d895a5fd4?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/242498bfba464209ac2dea7d895a5fd4?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/charukukreja"},"rroberson":{"type":"authors","id":"11274","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11274","found":true},"name":"Rachel Roberson","firstName":"Rachel","lastName":"Roberson","slug":"rroberson","email":"rroberson@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Rachel Roberson is KQED's news education manager. Previously, she was a reading, writing and social studies teacher leader on three continents, having served on the founding staff of KIPP Bayview Academy in San Francisco before moving to schools in Abu Dhabi and Austin, Texas. She started her teaching career as a Peace Corps volunteer in Cameroon. Before she was a teacher, Rachel was a journalist in the East Bay.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0516373a400e4059f65bd29bc026a20?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"lowdown","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"education","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"perspectives","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"challenges","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Rachel Roberson | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0516373a400e4059f65bd29bc026a20?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/d0516373a400e4059f65bd29bc026a20?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rroberson"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"lowdown_25908":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_25908","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"25908","score":null,"sort":[1487922557000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whats-so-important-about-town-hall-meetings","title":"What's the Deal with All These Raucous Town Hall Meetings?","publishDate":1487922557,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more--> Toby Smith won't be able to vote for another decade, but that didn't stop the 7-year-old from speaking his mind at a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/22/politics/boy-toby-question-tom-cotton-town-hall-trnd/index.html?sr=twCNN022317boy-toby-question-tom-cotton-town-hall-trnd1219PMVODtopLink&linkId=34798181\" target=\"_blank\">town hall meeting\u003c/a> in Arkansas. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Captured in a video that's since gone viral, Smith doesn't mince words, telling Sen. Tom Cotton (R-Ark.) that he likes Mexicans and thinks there are much better things to spend money on than a border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Donald Trump makes Mexicans not important to people who are in Arkansas who like Mexicans, like me, my grandma,\" said Smith, as the audience cheered raucously. \"And he is deleting all the parks and PBS Kids just to make a wall, and he shouldn't do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(OK, not entirely accurate, but come on, the kid's only seven!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/DUly77ZckSw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, 11-year-old Hannah Bradshaw stood up at a \u003ca href=\"http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865673055/Chaffetz-faces-harsh-criticism-during-packed-town-hall.html\" target=\"_blank\">town hall\u003c/a> in suburban Salt Lake City, asking U.S. Rep. Jason Chaffetz (R-UT): \"What are you doing to help protect our water and air for our generations and my kids' generations?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/PO-ZYMd-xfk\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The takeaway: town halls with elected leaders can be a pretty solid way to get your voice heard, even if you're still years away from stepping foot inside a polling booth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At both town halls, Chaffetz and Cotton were drowned out by angry crowds booing loudly and chanting \"Do your job!\" It's a scene that's played out in Republican town halls around the country this month, as angry constituents concerned about efforts to repeal Obamacare and other Trump administration proposals, have packed into high school auditoriums and community centers to give their representatives an earful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the U.S. Congress and Senate have been on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/congression-i-work-schedule.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">recess\u003c/a> this week, and as is customary during legislative breaks, many members return to their home districts and hold town halls with constituents. But this time around, for Republicans especially, the reception has been less than cordial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chaffetz, for his part, doubted that many of the people in attendance actually lived in his district, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/22/politics/kfile-chaffetz-bullied/\" target=\"_blank\">claiming\u003c/a> (without evidence) that many were outsiders who had come to \"bully and intimidate\" him. And President Trump was quick to dismiss the various scenes of upheaval as political stagecraft and not a real reflection of public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The so-called angry crowds in home districts of some Republicans are actually, in numerous cases, planned out by liberal activists. Sad!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/834181712783560705\">February 21, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript src=\"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" async=\"\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump might be correct in his charge that liberal activists have instigated and organized many of these unruly town halls, but that doesn't diminish the potential influence the events could have in Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, they're strikingly reminiscent of town halls held just eight years ago, in the summer after President Obama's historic election victory. That's when conservative activists, livid at the prospect of national health reform and government mandated insurance, shouted down their Democratic representatives. Many Democratic leaders initially \u003ca href=\"http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2017/0215/Tea-party-reversed-How-GOP-town-halls-look-from-the-inside\" target=\"_blank\">overlooked the unrest\u003c/a>, dismissing the protestors as paid stooges and extreme outliers. Then-Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) infamously called the demonstrations \"AstroTurf,\" as opposed to any kind of real grassroots effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the well-orchestrated protests gave rise to the Tea Party, whose conservative fervor helped topple Democratic leadership in the House in the 2010 midterm elections and led to a Republican takeover of the Senate four years later. Democrats have yet to recover: today they remain the minority party in both houses as they scramble to resist the sweeping agenda of a new Republican president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an age of arm-chair activism, online petitions, and social media echo chambers, the longstanding American tradition of the town hall meeting still remains an opportunity for good, old-fashioned civic engagement, a direct forum for constituents to look their elected officials in the eye and voice concerns loudly and clearly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that most legislators, have fairly minimal job security. Unlike senators, who serve six-year terms, members of the House face re-election every two years. So except for representatives in consistently safe, reliable districts (like much of the San Francisco Bay Area), most are -- or at least, should be -- constantly measuring the pulse of their constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The\u003ca href=\"https://townhallproject.com\" target=\"_blank\"> Town Hall Project\u003c/a>, a progressive volunteer group, lists Republican and Democratic congressional town hall meetings across the country, compiled through crowd-sourced submissions. On the site, the group notes that \"there is no better way to influence your representatives than in-person conversations ... You have more power than you think.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're not sure who represents you in Congress, \u003ca href=\"http://www.house.gov/htbin/findrep\" target=\"_blank\">find out here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://townhallproject.com/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-25897 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2017-02-23 at 2.10.14 PM\" width=\"1106\" height=\"652\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM.png 1106w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-160x94.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-800x472.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-768x453.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-1020x601.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-960x566.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-240x141.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-375x221.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-520x307.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1106px) 100vw, 1106px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1488065795,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":777},"headData":{"title":"What's the Deal with All These Raucous Town Hall Meetings? | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What's the Deal with All These Raucous Town Hall Meetings?","datePublished":"2017-02-24T07:49:17.000Z","dateModified":"2017-02-25T23:36:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25908 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=25908","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/02/23/whats-so-important-about-town-hall-meetings/","disqusTitle":"What's the Deal with All These Raucous Town Hall Meetings?","path":"/lowdown/25908/whats-so-important-about-town-hall-meetings","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more--> Toby Smith won't be able to vote for another decade, but that didn't stop the 7-year-old from speaking his mind at a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/22/politics/boy-toby-question-tom-cotton-town-hall-trnd/index.html?sr=twCNN022317boy-toby-question-tom-cotton-town-hall-trnd1219PMVODtopLink&linkId=34798181\" target=\"_blank\">town hall meeting\u003c/a> in Arkansas. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Captured in a video that's since gone viral, Smith doesn't mince words, telling Sen. Tom Cotton (R-Ark.) that he likes Mexicans and thinks there are much better things to spend money on than a border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Donald Trump makes Mexicans not important to people who are in Arkansas who like Mexicans, like me, my grandma,\" said Smith, as the audience cheered raucously. \"And he is deleting all the parks and PBS Kids just to make a wall, and he shouldn't do that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(OK, not entirely accurate, but come on, the kid's only seven!)\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/DUly77ZckSw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/DUly77ZckSw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, 11-year-old Hannah Bradshaw stood up at a \u003ca href=\"http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865673055/Chaffetz-faces-harsh-criticism-during-packed-town-hall.html\" target=\"_blank\">town hall\u003c/a> in suburban Salt Lake City, asking U.S. Rep. Jason Chaffetz (R-UT): \"What are you doing to help protect our water and air for our generations and my kids' generations?\"\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/PO-ZYMd-xfk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/PO-ZYMd-xfk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The takeaway: town halls with elected leaders can be a pretty solid way to get your voice heard, even if you're still years away from stepping foot inside a polling booth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At both town halls, Chaffetz and Cotton were drowned out by angry crowds booing loudly and chanting \"Do your job!\" It's a scene that's played out in Republican town halls around the country this month, as angry constituents concerned about efforts to repeal Obamacare and other Trump administration proposals, have packed into high school auditoriums and community centers to give their representatives an earful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both the U.S. Congress and Senate have been on \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/congression-i-work-schedule.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">recess\u003c/a> this week, and as is customary during legislative breaks, many members return to their home districts and hold town halls with constituents. But this time around, for Republicans especially, the reception has been less than cordial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chaffetz, for his part, doubted that many of the people in attendance actually lived in his district, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/22/politics/kfile-chaffetz-bullied/\" target=\"_blank\">claiming\u003c/a> (without evidence) that many were outsiders who had come to \"bully and intimidate\" him. And President Trump was quick to dismiss the various scenes of upheaval as political stagecraft and not a real reflection of public opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">The so-called angry crowds in home districts of some Republicans are actually, in numerous cases, planned out by liberal activists. Sad!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/834181712783560705\">February 21, 2017\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cscript src=\"//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" async=\"\" charset=\"utf-8\">\u003c/script>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump might be correct in his charge that liberal activists have instigated and organized many of these unruly town halls, but that doesn't diminish the potential influence the events could have in Washington.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, they're strikingly reminiscent of town halls held just eight years ago, in the summer after President Obama's historic election victory. That's when conservative activists, livid at the prospect of national health reform and government mandated insurance, shouted down their Democratic representatives. Many Democratic leaders initially \u003ca href=\"http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/2017/0215/Tea-party-reversed-How-GOP-town-halls-look-from-the-inside\" target=\"_blank\">overlooked the unrest\u003c/a>, dismissing the protestors as paid stooges and extreme outliers. Then-Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) infamously called the demonstrations \"AstroTurf,\" as opposed to any kind of real grassroots effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the well-orchestrated protests gave rise to the Tea Party, whose conservative fervor helped topple Democratic leadership in the House in the 2010 midterm elections and led to a Republican takeover of the Senate four years later. Democrats have yet to recover: today they remain the minority party in both houses as they scramble to resist the sweeping agenda of a new Republican president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an age of arm-chair activism, online petitions, and social media echo chambers, the longstanding American tradition of the town hall meeting still remains an opportunity for good, old-fashioned civic engagement, a direct forum for constituents to look their elected officials in the eye and voice concerns loudly and clearly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that most legislators, have fairly minimal job security. Unlike senators, who serve six-year terms, members of the House face re-election every two years. So except for representatives in consistently safe, reliable districts (like much of the San Francisco Bay Area), most are -- or at least, should be -- constantly measuring the pulse of their constituents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The\u003ca href=\"https://townhallproject.com\" target=\"_blank\"> Town Hall Project\u003c/a>, a progressive volunteer group, lists Republican and Democratic congressional town hall meetings across the country, compiled through crowd-sourced submissions. On the site, the group notes that \"there is no better way to influence your representatives than in-person conversations ... You have more power than you think.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're not sure who represents you in Congress, \u003ca href=\"http://www.house.gov/htbin/findrep\" target=\"_blank\">find out here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://townhallproject.com/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-25897 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM.png\" alt=\"Screen Shot 2017-02-23 at 2.10.14 PM\" width=\"1106\" height=\"652\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM.png 1106w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-160x94.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-800x472.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-768x453.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-1020x601.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-960x566.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-240x141.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-375x221.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2017-02-23-at-2.10.14-PM-520x307.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1106px) 100vw, 1106px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/25908/whats-so-important-about-town-hall-meetings","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_1","lowdown_2392","lowdown_2391"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2594"],"featImg":"lowdown_25905","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_25469":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_25469","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"25469","score":null,"sort":[1485909649000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"politics-by-design-the-art-of-political-logos-with-lesson-plan","title":"Politics by Design: The Art of Political Logos (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1485909649,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Political-logos-lesson-plan_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: Political logos (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Whether it’s the Superbowl, World Cup or World Series, sports fans never have to wonder who’s who on the field. Not with their team’s colors and carefully crafted logo plastered all over the stadium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the big game isn’t the only place where logos are visually dominant. In politics, campaign logos are one of the most recognizable visuals of an election bid, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/03/politics/2016-logos/\" target=\"_blank\">second only to photographs\u003c/a> of the candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, a logo’s job is to build remembrance,” designer Sky Hartman told CNN in 2015. “If you can design a concept that sticks in people’s minds, you’ve been successful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political logos, though, have only really emerged as major visual campaign tools in recent decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most candidates nowadays typically tap the skills of high-end design firms, hoping the branding magic that have helped make MasterCard and McDonald’s instantly recognizable will rub off on them as well. The result is usually a red-white-and-blue version of a candidate's name -- or more likely \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/06/04/the-rise-of-the-single-letter-political-logos/?utm_term=.3e660c5dd7fc\">one of their initials \u003c/a>-- that tries to establish a recognizable brand by packing the essence of their candidacy in a succinct visual statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Logo design 101\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Because a logo is a single image with just a few design elements, every artistic choice counts. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/artschool/2016/12/16/logo-design-with-mark-winn/\">Mark Winn\u003c/a>, a Bay Area painter and designer, starts his logo design process with a written list of characteristics that he’s trying to capture. He then begins experimenting with multiple versions of a single image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Winn’s personal logos, most political logos draw from a menu of colors, typefaces and graphic flourishes to convey something distinctive about a candidate or campaign message. With such a small canvas to work with, the slightest adjustment can pack a visual punch or even define the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25476\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-25476\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg.png\" alt=\"obama_2008_480 transparent version.jpg\" width=\"320\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg.png 480w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg-160x129.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg-240x194.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg-375x303.png 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Obama's 2008 campaign logo.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In his 2016 presidential bid, Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY) used a logo that was praised for its italic \u003ci>slant\u003c/i>, meant to evoke action and momentum (although not enough to win him the nomination). In 2008, then-presidential candidate Barack Obama’s logo took his last name, which sounded foreign to many Americans, and transformed it into a symbol reminiscent of a rising sun, a symbol intended to convey a message of hope and change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The critics\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Given the amount of thought that goes into modern political logos, it’s no surprise that they are often critiqued like artistic masterpieces, with observers weighing in on every last curve of a letter or use of punctuation. During the 2016 primary season, major news outlets, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/07/31/which-2016-presidential-candidate-has-the-worst-logo/?utm_term=.067e8b1c55bb\">The Washington Post\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2015-06-05/what-that-campaign-logo-is-really-saying-a-design-critique\">Bloomberg \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/03/politics/2016-logos/\">CNN\u003c/a>, featured design experts who painstakingly analyzed each candidate’s logo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even late-night TV hosts Jimmy Fallon and Stephen Colbert joined in, poking fun at the exclamation point at the end of Republican presidential candidate Jeb Bush’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/jeb-bush-unveiled-his-2016-logo-and-internet-shouted-unkind-things-it-165344\">logo\u003c/a>. (Eventually, even Bush \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFmW21XC4Hk\">himself\u003c/a> cracked jokes at his logo’s expense).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25475\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 289px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg.png\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-25475\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg.png\" alt=\"The original Students for Trump logo.\" width=\"289\" height=\"172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg.png 1181w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-160x96.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-800x478.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-768x458.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-1020x609.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-1180x704.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-960x573.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-240x143.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-375x224.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-520x310.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 289px) 100vw, 289px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The original Students for Trump logo. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But jibes about punctuation are mild compared to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/trump-vp-pick-mike-spence-logo-225612\">the reaction\u003c/a> to the first iteration of the Trump-Pence campaign logo unveiled in August 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The interlocking of the T in Trump and P in Pence caused a flurry of commentary, off-color jokes and artistic scorn. The flap blew over only when a second, very different image replaced the first, a notable switch given how rarely campaigns switch logos once they've gone they’ve gone public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25485\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 282px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg.png\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-25485\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg.png\" alt=\"The final logo.\" width=\"282\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg.png 340w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg-160x55.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg-240x82.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 282px) 100vw, 282px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The second draft. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hillary Clinton’s 2016 logo was also \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2015/04/design-experts-trash-hillary-clintons-new-logo-117100\">widely panned\u003c/a> for its right-pointing arrow and “FedEx feel.\" Despite the criticisms, though, the logo endured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(A logo) is only one tool and it’s not more than a means to an end,” Michael Bierut, who designed Hillary Clinton’s 2016 logo told Wired magazine in 2016. “People don’t vote for logos. They vote for candidates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Donkey and elephants\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/Vxe-9XgtQ44\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two of the most widely recognized political logos -- the Democratic donkey and the Republican elephant -- originated not from a famous design firms but rather from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/political-animals-republican-elephants-and-democratic-donkeys-89241754/\">pen of the 19th century political cartoonist\u003c/a> Thomas Nast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A loyal Republican, Nast drew political cartoons that almost always depicted politicians in the rival Democratic party as stubborn donkeys with hair-trigger tempers. While he popularized the association, he wasn’t the first to link Democrats and donkeys. That can be traced back to the 1828 presidential campaign of Democrat Andrew Jackson. Rather than shying away from his opponents' efforts to compare his last name to a jackass, he boldly embraced the association and re-branded it as a symbol of loyalty and hard work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25474\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 461px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-25474\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey.jpg\" alt=\""The Third-Term Panic" by Thomas Nast, originally published in Harper's Magazine in 1874.\" width=\"461\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"The Third-Term Panic\" by Thomas Nast, originally published in Harper's Magazine in 1874. \u003ccite>(Public domain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nast also consistently used an elephant to symbolize the Republican Party. Some believe the power and strength of an elephant was meant to contrast favorably with the Democrat donkey. Others think it was a visual reminder the Union’s victory in the Civil War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the origins, Nast’s caricatures took hold and were adopted by other cartoonists, and today are still the most recognized symbols of America’s two major political parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Learn more about what goes into creating a logo with \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/artschool/2016/12/16/logo-design-with-mark-winn/\">\u003ci>Bay Area artist Mark Winn\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/HqdvYyOUhZ4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Related resources\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxe-9XgtQ44\">Business Insider video: The Origins of Political Logos\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/03/politics/2016-logos/\">CNN: Drawing Voters In: Campaign Logos Bring Artistic Touches to Politics\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/2015/12/the-year-in-political-branding/\">Wired: The State of the Modern Political Logo\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/a-history-of-embarrassing-presidential-campaign-logos\">Atlas Obscura: A History of Embarrassing Presidential Campaign Logos\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/political-animals-republican-elephants-and-democratic-donkeys-89241754/\">Smithsonian: Political Animals: Republican Elephants and Democratic Donkeys\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1485909649,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":983},"headData":{"title":"Politics by Design: The Art of Political Logos (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Politics by Design: The Art of Political Logos (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2017-02-01T00:40:49.000Z","dateModified":"2017-02-01T00:40:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25469 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=25469","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/01/31/politics-by-design-the-art-of-political-logos-with-lesson-plan/","disqusTitle":"Politics by Design: The Art of Political Logos (with Lesson Plan)","path":"/lowdown/25469/politics-by-design-the-art-of-political-logos-with-lesson-plan","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Political-logos-lesson-plan_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: Political logos (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Whether it’s the Superbowl, World Cup or World Series, sports fans never have to wonder who’s who on the field. Not with their team’s colors and carefully crafted logo plastered all over the stadium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the big game isn’t the only place where logos are visually dominant. In politics, campaign logos are one of the most recognizable visuals of an election bid, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/03/politics/2016-logos/\" target=\"_blank\">second only to photographs\u003c/a> of the candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, a logo’s job is to build remembrance,” designer Sky Hartman told CNN in 2015. “If you can design a concept that sticks in people’s minds, you’ve been successful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Political logos, though, have only really emerged as major visual campaign tools in recent decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most candidates nowadays typically tap the skills of high-end design firms, hoping the branding magic that have helped make MasterCard and McDonald’s instantly recognizable will rub off on them as well. The result is usually a red-white-and-blue version of a candidate's name -- or more likely \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/06/04/the-rise-of-the-single-letter-political-logos/?utm_term=.3e660c5dd7fc\">one of their initials \u003c/a>-- that tries to establish a recognizable brand by packing the essence of their candidacy in a succinct visual statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Logo design 101\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Because a logo is a single image with just a few design elements, every artistic choice counts. \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/artschool/2016/12/16/logo-design-with-mark-winn/\">Mark Winn\u003c/a>, a Bay Area painter and designer, starts his logo design process with a written list of characteristics that he’s trying to capture. He then begins experimenting with multiple versions of a single image.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Winn’s personal logos, most political logos draw from a menu of colors, typefaces and graphic flourishes to convey something distinctive about a candidate or campaign message. With such a small canvas to work with, the slightest adjustment can pack a visual punch or even define the conversation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25476\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg.png\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-25476\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg.png\" alt=\"obama_2008_480 transparent version.jpg\" width=\"320\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg.png 480w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg-160x129.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg-240x194.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/obama_2008_480-transparent-version.jpg-375x303.png 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Obama's 2008 campaign logo.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In his 2016 presidential bid, Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY) used a logo that was praised for its italic \u003ci>slant\u003c/i>, meant to evoke action and momentum (although not enough to win him the nomination). In 2008, then-presidential candidate Barack Obama’s logo took his last name, which sounded foreign to many Americans, and transformed it into a symbol reminiscent of a rising sun, a symbol intended to convey a message of hope and change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The critics\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Given the amount of thought that goes into modern political logos, it’s no surprise that they are often critiqued like artistic masterpieces, with observers weighing in on every last curve of a letter or use of punctuation. During the 2016 primary season, major news outlets, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/07/31/which-2016-presidential-candidate-has-the-worst-logo/?utm_term=.067e8b1c55bb\">The Washington Post\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2015-06-05/what-that-campaign-logo-is-really-saying-a-design-critique\">Bloomberg \u003c/a>and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/03/politics/2016-logos/\">CNN\u003c/a>, featured design experts who painstakingly analyzed each candidate’s logo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even late-night TV hosts Jimmy Fallon and Stephen Colbert joined in, poking fun at the exclamation point at the end of Republican presidential candidate Jeb Bush’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/jeb-bush-unveiled-his-2016-logo-and-internet-shouted-unkind-things-it-165344\">logo\u003c/a>. (Eventually, even Bush \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFmW21XC4Hk\">himself\u003c/a> cracked jokes at his logo’s expense).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25475\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 289px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg.png\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-25475\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg.png\" alt=\"The original Students for Trump logo.\" width=\"289\" height=\"172\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg.png 1181w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-160x96.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-800x478.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-768x458.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-1020x609.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-1180x704.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-960x573.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-240x143.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-375x224.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Students_for_Trump_logo_square-students-for-Trump.jpg-520x310.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 289px) 100vw, 289px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The original Students for Trump logo. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But jibes about punctuation are mild compared to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/trump-vp-pick-mike-spence-logo-225612\">the reaction\u003c/a> to the first iteration of the Trump-Pence campaign logo unveiled in August 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The interlocking of the T in Trump and P in Pence caused a flurry of commentary, off-color jokes and artistic scorn. The flap blew over only when a second, very different image replaced the first, a notable switch given how rarely campaigns switch logos once they've gone they’ve gone public.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25485\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 282px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg.png\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-25485\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg.png\" alt=\"The final logo.\" width=\"282\" height=\"96\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg.png 340w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg-160x55.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Trump_Pence_2016_2-wikimedia-commons.jpg-240x82.png 240w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 282px) 100vw, 282px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The second draft. \u003ccite>(Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hillary Clinton’s 2016 logo was also \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2015/04/design-experts-trash-hillary-clintons-new-logo-117100\">widely panned\u003c/a> for its right-pointing arrow and “FedEx feel.\" Despite the criticisms, though, the logo endured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(A logo) is only one tool and it’s not more than a means to an end,” Michael Bierut, who designed Hillary Clinton’s 2016 logo told Wired magazine in 2016. “People don’t vote for logos. They vote for candidates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Donkey and elephants\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Vxe-9XgtQ44'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Vxe-9XgtQ44'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Two of the most widely recognized political logos -- the Democratic donkey and the Republican elephant -- originated not from a famous design firms but rather from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/political-animals-republican-elephants-and-democratic-donkeys-89241754/\">pen of the 19th century political cartoonist\u003c/a> Thomas Nast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A loyal Republican, Nast drew political cartoons that almost always depicted politicians in the rival Democratic party as stubborn donkeys with hair-trigger tempers. While he popularized the association, he wasn’t the first to link Democrats and donkeys. That can be traced back to the 1828 presidential campaign of Democrat Andrew Jackson. Rather than shying away from his opponents' efforts to compare his last name to a jackass, he boldly embraced the association and re-branded it as a symbol of loyalty and hard work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_25474\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 461px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\" wp-image-25474\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey.jpg\" alt=\""The Third-Term Panic" by Thomas Nast, originally published in Harper's Magazine in 1874.\" width=\"461\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Thomas-Nast-cartoon-of-GOP-elephant-and-donkey-dressed-as-donkey-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">\"The Third-Term Panic\" by Thomas Nast, originally published in Harper's Magazine in 1874. \u003ccite>(Public domain)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nast also consistently used an elephant to symbolize the Republican Party. Some believe the power and strength of an elephant was meant to contrast favorably with the Democrat donkey. Others think it was a visual reminder the Union’s victory in the Civil War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of the origins, Nast’s caricatures took hold and were adopted by other cartoonists, and today are still the most recognized symbols of America’s two major political parties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Learn more about what goes into creating a logo with \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/artschool/2016/12/16/logo-design-with-mark-winn/\">\u003ci>Bay Area artist Mark Winn\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>. \u003c/i>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/HqdvYyOUhZ4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/HqdvYyOUhZ4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Related resources\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vxe-9XgtQ44\">Business Insider video: The Origins of Political Logos\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/07/03/politics/2016-logos/\">CNN: Drawing Voters In: Campaign Logos Bring Artistic Touches to Politics\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.wired.com/2015/12/the-year-in-political-branding/\">Wired: The State of the Modern Political Logo\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/a-history-of-embarrassing-presidential-campaign-logos\">Atlas Obscura: A History of Embarrassing Presidential Campaign Logos\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/political-animals-republican-elephants-and-democratic-donkeys-89241754/\">Smithsonian: Political Animals: Republican Elephants and Democratic Donkeys\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/25469/politics-by-design-the-art-of-political-logos-with-lesson-plan","authors":["11274"],"categories":["lowdown_2399","lowdown_1","lowdown_2392"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2587"],"featImg":"lowdown_25488","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_25126":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_25126","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"25126","score":null,"sort":[1484883113000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"timeline-the-obama-years-with-lesson-plan","title":"TIMELINE: The Obama Years, A Retrospective (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1484883113,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Obama-legacy-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: Obama's Legacy (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>President Barack Obama gave his farewell address last week in Chicago. Thursday was his last full day in office before handing the keys to his successor, Donald Trump, a man with a vastly different worldview and vision for the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Love him or hate him, no one can deny that Obama was a busy man in his eight years in the White House. The first African-American to be elected president, he triumphantly entered office on the promise of “hope and change,” armed with a boldly ambitious agenda to heal an anxious nation ready to move away from economic hardship and war. Expectations for the charismatic new president were almost impossibly high, guaranteeing at least some degree of disappointment and passionate reactions from both his strongest supporters and fiercest detractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As does every president, Obama had his fair share of achievements and setbacks. He inherited a cauldron of quandaries, including two long running wars and the worst economic recession since the Great Depression. In light of such obstacles, Obama racked up a legitimately impressive set of accomplishments ... regardless of what you thought of them. Among the most notable: he helped rescue the hemorrhaging economy from the brink of collapse; withdrew thousands of US troops from two war zones and inked a landmark healthcare reform law providing health insurance to more than 20 million Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Obama also experienced multiple failures and defeats, particularly in the legislative arena, where Republican leaders, determined to rebuild their base and block his agenda, mounted formidable opposition. And while he campaigned on the promise of a post-racial, post-partisan age of “one America,” the nation under his leadership in many ways grew more divisive and turbulent, as did the Middle East and other conflict-ridden regions of the world he aspired to reach out to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This timeline marks just some of the major milestones -- the good, the bad, the ugly -- of Obama’s active and turbulent eight years as the nation’s 44th president: how he changed America and the world, and how it in turn changed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"section2\" class=\"main\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullWidthWrapper\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"withMargin\">\u003ciframe src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=12X_fzXI2_Aomvw80NXhCNzqMMFfMVVAEKEZfvNcG8Zs&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=900\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Charting the major milestones of President Obama's eight years at the helm.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1521831133,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":379},"headData":{"title":"TIMELINE: The Obama Years, A Retrospective (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"Charting the major milestones of President Obama's eight years at the helm.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"TIMELINE: The Obama Years, A Retrospective (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2017-01-20T03:31:53.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-23T18:52:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"25126 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=25126","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/01/19/timeline-the-obama-years-with-lesson-plan/","disqusTitle":"TIMELINE: The Obama Years, A Retrospective (with Lesson Plan)","path":"/lowdown/25126/timeline-the-obama-years-with-lesson-plan","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/01/Obama-legacy-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: Obama's Legacy (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>President Barack Obama gave his farewell address last week in Chicago. Thursday was his last full day in office before handing the keys to his successor, Donald Trump, a man with a vastly different worldview and vision for the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Love him or hate him, no one can deny that Obama was a busy man in his eight years in the White House. The first African-American to be elected president, he triumphantly entered office on the promise of “hope and change,” armed with a boldly ambitious agenda to heal an anxious nation ready to move away from economic hardship and war. Expectations for the charismatic new president were almost impossibly high, guaranteeing at least some degree of disappointment and passionate reactions from both his strongest supporters and fiercest detractors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As does every president, Obama had his fair share of achievements and setbacks. He inherited a cauldron of quandaries, including two long running wars and the worst economic recession since the Great Depression. In light of such obstacles, Obama racked up a legitimately impressive set of accomplishments ... regardless of what you thought of them. Among the most notable: he helped rescue the hemorrhaging economy from the brink of collapse; withdrew thousands of US troops from two war zones and inked a landmark healthcare reform law providing health insurance to more than 20 million Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Obama also experienced multiple failures and defeats, particularly in the legislative arena, where Republican leaders, determined to rebuild their base and block his agenda, mounted formidable opposition. And while he campaigned on the promise of a post-racial, post-partisan age of “one America,” the nation under his leadership in many ways grew more divisive and turbulent, as did the Middle East and other conflict-ridden regions of the world he aspired to reach out to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This timeline marks just some of the major milestones -- the good, the bad, the ugly -- of Obama’s active and turbulent eight years as the nation’s 44th president: how he changed America and the world, and how it in turn changed him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"section2\" class=\"main\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullWidthWrapper\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"withMargin\">\u003ciframe src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=12X_fzXI2_Aomvw80NXhCNzqMMFfMVVAEKEZfvNcG8Zs&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=900\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/25126/timeline-the-obama-years-with-lesson-plan","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2399","lowdown_1","lowdown_2392","lowdown_243"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2581"],"featImg":"lowdown_25135","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_24072":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_24072","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"24072","score":null,"sort":[1478586901000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"video-how-accurate-are-election-polls-with-lesson-plan","title":"How Accurate Is Political Polling? (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1478586901,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>It's here. It's finally here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/11/Polling-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lesson Plan: Political Polling (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>When it comes down to it, Election Day is the \u003cem>ultimate\u003c/em> political poll -- the definitive survey -- when millions of campaign-weary Americans finally get to cast their ballots and (hopefully) lay to rest this bitter, exhaustive presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the results filter in, it's also a good moment to consider the accuracy and influence of that massive tsunami of polling data that we've been inundated with for the last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polls generally refer to surveys of public opinions and forecasts of election results. And since the 1990s, when major news organization began conducting their own polls, the polling business has been booming. Today it's a billion-dollar industry with an army of polling firms cranking out thousands of surveys each year. Political candidates and elected officials also now typically commission their own polls to gauge approval ratings and messaging impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't always like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modern polling was pioneered in the 1930s by George Gallup, a statistician who began conducting surveys using a statistical model he called \"quota sampling\" to predict election outcomes and measure public opinion. As Harvard historian Jill Lepore explains in her \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/11/16/politics-and-the-new-machine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New Yorker article\u003c/a>, the relatively small group of respondents that Gallup selected to randomly sample for each pollreflected a mini-electorate, demographically proportionate and representative of the larger voting population (same percentages of men, women, black, white, young, old, conservative, liberal, etc.). Lepore says that Gallup believed polling was essential to democracy as a tool to gauge the will of the people. And for decades, Gallup's organization, and a small group of others, were among the only firms producing these kinds of polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lepore notes that back then, the response rate among those surveyed was remarkably high, at roughly 90 percent. Today, however, the average poll response rate is in the single digits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the biggest factors at play, she says, is the widespread adoption of mobile phones and the move away from landlines. The majority of polls are still conducted by phone. And because federal law prevents auto-dialing to cell phones, it's become significantly harder and costlier to reach the adequate number respondents necessary to generate a representative sample of the electorate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, a growing number of polls are conducted through websites and social media platforms. These are usually opt-in polls, in which site visitors actively choose to participate (as opposed to being randomly called on), and are generally considered less reliable Those who choose to respond to online polls are rarely representative of the larger electorate, and so results can be biased and misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can think of a \"sample\" as a small model of the larger population. The goal in sampling is to use that smaller subset to represent the larger whole. Random sampling simply means that each member of the larger population has an equal chance of being included in the sample. Generally (although not always), the larger the sample size, the more accurate the poll. The average poll has a sample size of 1000 adults, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pollingreport.com/ncpp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Council on Public Polls\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYi6Ibf3e0o\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most polls also include a margin or error, a +/- figure that's a measure of the pollster's confidence that the sample accurately represents the whole population. The larger that margin of error, the less accurate the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's electorate is also more diverse than ever before, and many polls don't reach the sample populations that reflect this diversity, especially if there are language barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, it's important to remember that pollsters with specific agendas can easily manipulate how they conduct polls in order to produce outcomes favorable to their interests (a conservative polling firm typically produces results that skew conservative, and vice versa for a liberal polling firm). Doing so can make candidates or issues appear more popular than they actually are, and ultimately influence voter decisions. Which is why, as a consumer of polling data, it's so important to pay attention to who conducted the poll, why they conducted it, how they conducted it and what questions they asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncpp.org/files/20%20Questions%203rd%20edition_Web%20ver_2006.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20 questions a journalist should ask about poll results\u003c/a>,\" published by the NCPP, is a good guide for helping to decide if a poll is worth its weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data news site \u003ca href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FiveThirtyEight \u003c/a>continuously updates its election predictions by aggregating hundreds of poll results. Each poll is weighted based on a rating system that considers the pollster's methodology and track record. Check out its rankings of some of the major polling firms \u003ca href=\"http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/pollster-ratings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1643754673,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":801},"headData":{"title":"How Accurate Is Political Polling? (with Lesson Plan) - The Lowdown","description":"It’s here. It’s finally here. Teach with the Lowdown Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection here. Lesson Plan: Political Polling (PDF) When it comes down to it, Election Day is the ultimate political poll — the definitive survey — when millions of campaign-weary Americans finally get to","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Accurate Is Political Polling? (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2016-11-08T06:35:01.000Z","dateModified":"2022-02-01T22:31:13.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"24072 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=24072","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/11/07/video-how-accurate-are-election-polls-with-lesson-plan/","disqusTitle":"How Accurate Is Political Polling? (with Lesson Plan)","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/lowdown/24072/video-how-accurate-are-election-polls-with-lesson-plan","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's here. It's finally here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/11/Polling-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lesson Plan: Political Polling (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>When it comes down to it, Election Day is the \u003cem>ultimate\u003c/em> political poll -- the definitive survey -- when millions of campaign-weary Americans finally get to cast their ballots and (hopefully) lay to rest this bitter, exhaustive presidential election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the results filter in, it's also a good moment to consider the accuracy and influence of that massive tsunami of polling data that we've been inundated with for the last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polls generally refer to surveys of public opinions and forecasts of election results. And since the 1990s, when major news organization began conducting their own polls, the polling business has been booming. Today it's a billion-dollar industry with an army of polling firms cranking out thousands of surveys each year. Political candidates and elected officials also now typically commission their own polls to gauge approval ratings and messaging impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't always like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Modern polling was pioneered in the 1930s by George Gallup, a statistician who began conducting surveys using a statistical model he called \"quota sampling\" to predict election outcomes and measure public opinion. As Harvard historian Jill Lepore explains in her \u003ca href=\"http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/11/16/politics-and-the-new-machine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">New Yorker article\u003c/a>, the relatively small group of respondents that Gallup selected to randomly sample for each pollreflected a mini-electorate, demographically proportionate and representative of the larger voting population (same percentages of men, women, black, white, young, old, conservative, liberal, etc.). Lepore says that Gallup believed polling was essential to democracy as a tool to gauge the will of the people. And for decades, Gallup's organization, and a small group of others, were among the only firms producing these kinds of polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lepore notes that back then, the response rate among those surveyed was remarkably high, at roughly 90 percent. Today, however, the average poll response rate is in the single digits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the biggest factors at play, she says, is the widespread adoption of mobile phones and the move away from landlines. The majority of polls are still conducted by phone. And because federal law prevents auto-dialing to cell phones, it's become significantly harder and costlier to reach the adequate number respondents necessary to generate a representative sample of the electorate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, a growing number of polls are conducted through websites and social media platforms. These are usually opt-in polls, in which site visitors actively choose to participate (as opposed to being randomly called on), and are generally considered less reliable Those who choose to respond to online polls are rarely representative of the larger electorate, and so results can be biased and misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can think of a \"sample\" as a small model of the larger population. The goal in sampling is to use that smaller subset to represent the larger whole. Random sampling simply means that each member of the larger population has an equal chance of being included in the sample. Generally (although not always), the larger the sample size, the more accurate the poll. The average poll has a sample size of 1000 adults, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.pollingreport.com/ncpp.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Council on Public Polls\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/gYi6Ibf3e0o'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/gYi6Ibf3e0o'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Most polls also include a margin or error, a +/- figure that's a measure of the pollster's confidence that the sample accurately represents the whole population. The larger that margin of error, the less accurate the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today's electorate is also more diverse than ever before, and many polls don't reach the sample populations that reflect this diversity, especially if there are language barriers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, it's important to remember that pollsters with specific agendas can easily manipulate how they conduct polls in order to produce outcomes favorable to their interests (a conservative polling firm typically produces results that skew conservative, and vice versa for a liberal polling firm). Doing so can make candidates or issues appear more popular than they actually are, and ultimately influence voter decisions. Which is why, as a consumer of polling data, it's so important to pay attention to who conducted the poll, why they conducted it, how they conducted it and what questions they asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncpp.org/files/20%20Questions%203rd%20edition_Web%20ver_2006.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20 questions a journalist should ask about poll results\u003c/a>,\" published by the NCPP, is a good guide for helping to decide if a poll is worth its weight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The data news site \u003ca href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FiveThirtyEight \u003c/a>continuously updates its election predictions by aggregating hundreds of poll results. Each poll is weighted based on a rating system that considers the pollster's methodology and track record. Check out its rankings of some of the major polling firms \u003ca href=\"http://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/pollster-ratings/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/24072/video-how-accurate-are-election-polls-with-lesson-plan","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2498","lowdown_2399","lowdown_2392","lowdown_2391"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2572"],"featImg":"lowdown_24406","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_13116":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_13116","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"13116","score":null,"sort":[1477328446000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"should-high-school-students-under-18-be-allowed-to-vote","title":"VIDEO: Should San Francisco Lower Its Voting Age? (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1477328446,"format":"video","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nThey pay taxes. They have to abide by the same laws as everyone else. And many are old enough to work and get behind the wheel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for teens under 18, the right to vote is still out of reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Lowering-the-youth-voting-age-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lesson Plan: Lowering the voting age (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>And that’s not fair, say a number of youth rights groups, who for years have pushed to lower America's voting age to 16. In a nation with notoriously low voter turnout -- particularly \u003ca href=\"http://www.electproject.org/home/voter-turnout/demographics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">among 18- to 24-year-olds\u003c/a> -- allowing more young people to vote, advocates claim, would boost civic participation and give students a voice in local public affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some local campaigns to lower the voting age in various cities around the country have started to gain traction, as have the broader efforts of national youth civics groups like \u003ca href=\"http://www.generationcitizen.org/vote16usa-a-campaign-to-lower-the-voting-age/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Generation Citizen\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youthrights.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Youth Rights Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, San Francisco supervisors approved \u003ca href=\"http://sfpublicpress.org/election2016/prop-f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition F\u003c/a> for the November 2016 ballot. The measure would lower the city's voting age for local elections, allowing 16- and 17-year-olds to vote for mayor and other city officials, as well as school board and citywide initiatives. It follows a multi-year organizing effort by \u003ca href=\"http://vote16sf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vote16 SF\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbos.org/index.aspx?page=5585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco Youth Commission.\u003c/a> If the measure passes, San Francisco would become the first major city in the country to extend voting rights to 16- and 17-year-olds (effective for the next municipal election).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar initiative in Berkeley -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailycal.org/2016/10/27/measure-y1-could-implement-lower-voting-age-for-certain-elections-in-berkeley/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Measure Y1\u003c/a> -- would allow16- and 17-year-olds to vote, but only for school board members. There are also \u003ca href=\"http://www.youthrights.org/issues/voting-age/voting-age-status-report/#success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">efforts to get similar measures\u003c/a> up for a vote in states across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/291237947&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nNationwide, only two municipalities -- the Maryland cities of Hyattsville and Tacoma Park -- have passed ordinances lowering their voting ages to 16 for local elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the voting age is still 18 in a majority of the world's democracies, several nations including Austria, Argentina, Brazil, and Nicaragua have already lowered the voting age for national elections to 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Not everyone agrees ...\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Skeptics, however, argue that too many young people simply lack the life experience and knowledge to make informed decisions in the voting booth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's a dumb idea,\" argued \u003ca href=\"http://csaelectorate.blogspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Curtis Gans\u003c/a>, former director of the Committee for the Study of the American Electorate at American University. \"The voting age was set at 18 because that's the age at which people could be drafted and die for their country. [Those under 18] don't have enough life experience or history and don't know the issues in enough detail.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, opponents argue, the nation's minimum voting age often sets the precedent for other age ceilings. Sexual consent and criminal responsibility age limits, for instance, vary state by state but never exceed 18. If the voting age were lowered to 16, some fear, states could start treating 16-year-olds as adults in matters of consent and criminal prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The slow path to the ballot\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Throughout U.S. history, voting has gradually grown more inclusive, a result of hard-fought political battles waged by disenfranchised populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon adoption of the U.S. Constitution, voting in most states was reserved for white male property owners. In fact, the nation's founding document, as originally drafted, never explicitly guarantees the right to vote to anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the mid-Nineteenth Century, most states had dropped property requirements. And with the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870, voting rights were granted to all male citizens, 21 and older, regardless of color. It took another half-century before the passage of the 19th Amendment, extending the vote to women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24280\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-24280 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full.jpg\" alt=\"Young people in Seattle march in support of lowering the national voting age to 18.\" width=\"450\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full.jpg 450w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full-375x252.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Young people in Seattle march in support of lowering the national voting age to 18 (1969). \u003ccite>(Post-Intelligencer Collection, Museum of History & Industry )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't until 1971 that America lowered its voting age to 18. The 26th Amendment was ratified largely as a result of heated student opposition to the Vietnam War and the contention that if an 18-year-old was old enough to be drafted into the military and fight for his country, he should also be considered mature enough to influence political outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Old enough to fight, old enough to vote,” became the movement's campaign slogan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort extended suffrage to millions of 18-20-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1513630005,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://w.soundcloud.com/player/"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":765},"headData":{"title":"VIDEO: Should San Francisco Lower Its Voting Age? (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"VIDEO: Should San Francisco Lower Its Voting Age? (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2016-10-24T17:00:46.000Z","dateModified":"2017-12-18T20:46:45.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"13116 http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=13116","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/10/24/should-high-school-students-under-18-be-allowed-to-vote/","disqusTitle":"VIDEO: Should San Francisco Lower Its Voting Age? (with Lesson Plan)","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/BALbuqWVSjU","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/mp3splice/radio/perspectives/2016/04/PerspYoungVote.mp3","path":"/lowdown/13116/should-high-school-students-under-18-be-allowed-to-vote","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nThey pay taxes. They have to abide by the same laws as everyone else. And many are old enough to work and get behind the wheel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for teens under 18, the right to vote is still out of reach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Lowering-the-youth-voting-age-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lesson Plan: Lowering the voting age (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>And that’s not fair, say a number of youth rights groups, who for years have pushed to lower America's voting age to 16. In a nation with notoriously low voter turnout -- particularly \u003ca href=\"http://www.electproject.org/home/voter-turnout/demographics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">among 18- to 24-year-olds\u003c/a> -- allowing more young people to vote, advocates claim, would boost civic participation and give students a voice in local public affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some local campaigns to lower the voting age in various cities around the country have started to gain traction, as have the broader efforts of national youth civics groups like \u003ca href=\"http://www.generationcitizen.org/vote16usa-a-campaign-to-lower-the-voting-age/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Generation Citizen\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youthrights.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Youth Rights Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, San Francisco supervisors approved \u003ca href=\"http://sfpublicpress.org/election2016/prop-f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition F\u003c/a> for the November 2016 ballot. The measure would lower the city's voting age for local elections, allowing 16- and 17-year-olds to vote for mayor and other city officials, as well as school board and citywide initiatives. It follows a multi-year organizing effort by \u003ca href=\"http://vote16sf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Vote16 SF\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sfbos.org/index.aspx?page=5585\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco Youth Commission.\u003c/a> If the measure passes, San Francisco would become the first major city in the country to extend voting rights to 16- and 17-year-olds (effective for the next municipal election).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar initiative in Berkeley -- \u003ca href=\"http://www.dailycal.org/2016/10/27/measure-y1-could-implement-lower-voting-age-for-certain-elections-in-berkeley/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Measure Y1\u003c/a> -- would allow16- and 17-year-olds to vote, but only for school board members. There are also \u003ca href=\"http://www.youthrights.org/issues/voting-age/voting-age-status-report/#success\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">efforts to get similar measures\u003c/a> up for a vote in states across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/291237947&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003cbr>\nNationwide, only two municipalities -- the Maryland cities of Hyattsville and Tacoma Park -- have passed ordinances lowering their voting ages to 16 for local elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the voting age is still 18 in a majority of the world's democracies, several nations including Austria, Argentina, Brazil, and Nicaragua have already lowered the voting age for national elections to 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Not everyone agrees ...\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Skeptics, however, argue that too many young people simply lack the life experience and knowledge to make informed decisions in the voting booth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I think it's a dumb idea,\" argued \u003ca href=\"http://csaelectorate.blogspot.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Curtis Gans\u003c/a>, former director of the Committee for the Study of the American Electorate at American University. \"The voting age was set at 18 because that's the age at which people could be drafted and die for their country. [Those under 18] don't have enough life experience or history and don't know the issues in enough detail.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, opponents argue, the nation's minimum voting age often sets the precedent for other age ceilings. Sexual consent and criminal responsibility age limits, for instance, vary state by state but never exceed 18. If the voting age were lowered to 16, some fear, states could start treating 16-year-olds as adults in matters of consent and criminal prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The slow path to the ballot\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Throughout U.S. history, voting has gradually grown more inclusive, a result of hard-fought political battles waged by disenfranchised populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Upon adoption of the U.S. Constitution, voting in most states was reserved for white male property owners. In fact, the nation's founding document, as originally drafted, never explicitly guarantees the right to vote to anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the mid-Nineteenth Century, most states had dropped property requirements. And with the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870, voting rights were granted to all male citizens, 21 and older, regardless of color. It took another half-century before the passage of the 19th Amendment, extending the vote to women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24280\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 450px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-24280 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full.jpg\" alt=\"Young people in Seattle march in support of lowering the national voting age to 18.\" width=\"450\" height=\"302\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full.jpg 450w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full-240x161.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/05/Student_march_full-375x252.jpg 375w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Young people in Seattle march in support of lowering the national voting age to 18 (1969). \u003ccite>(Post-Intelligencer Collection, Museum of History & Industry )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't until 1971 that America lowered its voting age to 18. The 26th Amendment was ratified largely as a result of heated student opposition to the Vietnam War and the contention that if an 18-year-old was old enough to be drafted into the military and fight for his country, he should also be considered mature enough to influence political outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Old enough to fight, old enough to vote,” became the movement's campaign slogan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effort extended suffrage to millions of 18-20-year-olds.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/13116/should-high-school-students-under-18-be-allowed-to-vote","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_245","lowdown_2398","lowdown_2399","lowdown_457","lowdown_2392","lowdown_2361"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2570","lowdown_2530"],"featImg":"lowdown_22161","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_24109":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_24109","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"24109","score":null,"sort":[1476824402000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"debate-bingo-and-other-essentials-for-the-second-presidential-debate","title":"Debate Bingo and Other Essentials for the Third Presidential Debate","publishDate":1476824402,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->Missed the first two presidential debates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don't fret. There's still one more to go, and plenty of mud left to sling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/09/Debate-lesson-plan1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: History of Debates (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/Presidental-debate-bingo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Presidential Debate Bingo! (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-third-presidential-debate-229804\" target=\"_blank\">face off again\u003c/a> on Wednesday night at the University of Nevada in Las Vegas (UNLV). Their third and final debate runs 90 minutes, commercial-free (starting at 6 p.m. E.T.), and will be split into six 15-minute segments. Both candidates will be given two minutes to respond to questions and follow-up opportunity to respond to their opponent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate will be hosted by Chris Wallace, the anchor of Fox News Sunday, whose questions are expected to address topics ranging from immigration, the Supreme Court, the economy and foreign policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A record \u003ca href=\"http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/news/2016/first-presidential-debate-of-2016-draws-84-million-viewers.html\" target=\"_blank\">84 million viewers\u003c/a> tuned into the first debate on Sept. 26. Viewership decreased but remained impressively high for the second debate on Oct. 9, a \u003ca href=\"//www.politico.com/story/2016/10/everything-you-need-to-know-second-presidential-debate-229235#ixzz4MMfGvHfo\" target=\"_blank\">town hall-style format\u003c/a> that included questions asked by undecided voters in the audience. Typically, the third presidential debate draws less attention than the first two. But this election is anything but typical, and the final candidate will likely attract an impressive number of eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Some debate history\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/LY1GvXXWdHA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first-ever televised presidential debate didn't happen until 1960. Candidates Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy squared off -- just once -- in front of the camera, an event that proved extremely beneficial to the smoother and more youthful Kennedy, who went on to win the election against his stodgier opponent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took another 16 years for the next presidential debate to happen. In the 1976 election, when President Gerald Ford faced off against his Democratic challenger, Jimmy Carter, he made a notorious gaffe about the Soviet Union, an oversight that proved detrimental to his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since, debates have become a fixture of U.S. presidential elections. It's now standard protocol for candidates to face off three times in the grueling months leading up to Election Day, providing Americans with a rare, unscripted glimpse of their personalities and how they handle themselves under pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more on the debate system and full-length videos and transcripts of past debates, go to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.debates.org\" target=\"_blank\">Commission on Presidential Debates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://vimeo.com/179463321\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1476844662,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":407},"headData":{"title":"Debate Bingo and Other Essentials for the Third Presidential Debate | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Debate Bingo and Other Essentials for the Third Presidential Debate","datePublished":"2016-10-18T21:00:02.000Z","dateModified":"2016-10-19T02:37:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"24109 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=24109","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/10/18/debate-bingo-and-other-essentials-for-the-second-presidential-debate/","disqusTitle":"Debate Bingo and Other Essentials for the Third Presidential Debate","customPermalink":"2016/10/18/debate-bingo-and-other-essentials-for-the-third-presidential-debate/","path":"/lowdown/24109/debate-bingo-and-other-essentials-for-the-second-presidential-debate","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->Missed the first two presidential debates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don't fret. There's still one more to go, and plenty of mud left to sling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/09/Debate-lesson-plan1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: History of Debates (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/10/Presidental-debate-bingo.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Presidential Debate Bingo! (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-third-presidential-debate-229804\" target=\"_blank\">face off again\u003c/a> on Wednesday night at the University of Nevada in Las Vegas (UNLV). Their third and final debate runs 90 minutes, commercial-free (starting at 6 p.m. E.T.), and will be split into six 15-minute segments. Both candidates will be given two minutes to respond to questions and follow-up opportunity to respond to their opponent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The debate will be hosted by Chris Wallace, the anchor of Fox News Sunday, whose questions are expected to address topics ranging from immigration, the Supreme Court, the economy and foreign policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A record \u003ca href=\"http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/news/2016/first-presidential-debate-of-2016-draws-84-million-viewers.html\" target=\"_blank\">84 million viewers\u003c/a> tuned into the first debate on Sept. 26. Viewership decreased but remained impressively high for the second debate on Oct. 9, a \u003ca href=\"//www.politico.com/story/2016/10/everything-you-need-to-know-second-presidential-debate-229235#ixzz4MMfGvHfo\" target=\"_blank\">town hall-style format\u003c/a> that included questions asked by undecided voters in the audience. Typically, the third presidential debate draws less attention than the first two. But this election is anything but typical, and the final candidate will likely attract an impressive number of eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Some debate history\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/LY1GvXXWdHA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/LY1GvXXWdHA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first-ever televised presidential debate didn't happen until 1960. Candidates Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy squared off -- just once -- in front of the camera, an event that proved extremely beneficial to the smoother and more youthful Kennedy, who went on to win the election against his stodgier opponent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took another 16 years for the next presidential debate to happen. In the 1976 election, when President Gerald Ford faced off against his Democratic challenger, Jimmy Carter, he made a notorious gaffe about the Soviet Union, an oversight that proved detrimental to his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ever since, debates have become a fixture of U.S. presidential elections. It's now standard protocol for candidates to face off three times in the grueling months leading up to Election Day, providing Americans with a rare, unscripted glimpse of their personalities and how they handle themselves under pressure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more on the debate system and full-length videos and transcripts of past debates, go to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.debates.org\" target=\"_blank\">Commission on Presidential Debates\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"vimeoLink","attributes":{"named":{"vimeoId":"179463321"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/24109/debate-bingo-and-other-essentials-for-the-second-presidential-debate","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2498","lowdown_245","lowdown_2399","lowdown_2392","lowdown_2391"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_197"],"featImg":"lowdown_23173","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_23908":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_23908","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"23908","score":null,"sort":[1474348974000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"where-americas-third-parties-stand-on-the-big-issues-of-the-2016-election-with-lesson-plan","title":"Where America's Third Parties Stand on the Big Issues of the 2016 Election (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1474348974,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/rqhw6W0K5t0\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cfont size=\"5\">\u003cfont color=\"#993300\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/font>\u003c/font>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/09/Third-party-platform-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Third Party Platforms Lesson Plan (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The epic perennial battle between Republicans and Democrats that defines America's two-party political system makes it all-too-easy to forget that there are actually other parties out there crusading in the political wilderness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although largely overlooked today in mainstream political circles, third parties -- or minority parties -- have historically played a significant role in national politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the third-party candidates this year mustered the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/09/16/494284705/johnson-stein-officially-dont-make-the-presidential-debate-cut\" target=\"_blank\">requisite polling percentages\u003c/a> (15 percent or higher) to qualify to participate in the upcoming presidential debates. However, thanks largely to the general unpopularity of Democrat Hillary Clinton and Republican Donald Trump -- and the ongoing influence of former candidate Bernie Sanders, who railed against the two-party system -- some third party candidates are getting a bit more attention than usual in this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"HgIu6NsbL3VYk4GquuPxtlQ6Yk3RfQxR\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, nearly 30 minority parties achieved ballot access in at least one state (including the \u003ca href=\"http://ballot-access.org/2016/02/26/american-shopping-party-qualifies-in-hawaii/\" target=\"_blank\">American Shopping Party\u003c/a>, which will be on the ballot in Hawaii).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only three of them, however, are recognized in more than a handful of states:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The Libertarian Party, the largest third party, advocates for personal freedom and very limited government. This year, the party \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_access_for_presidential_candidates\" target=\"_blank\">qualified to be on the ballot\u003c/a> in every state. Its presidential nominee is \u003ca href=\"https://www.johnsonweld.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Gary Johnson\u003c/a> (who also ran in 2012), the former governor of New Mexico.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Green Party, a left-leaning environmental and social justice party, has so far qualified to be on the ballot in 44 states. Its nominee is \u003ca href=\"http://www.jill2016.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Jill Stein\u003c/a> (who ran in 2012 as well), a physician from Massachusetts.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Constitution Party, a right wing, religious-based party that believes in a literal interpretation of the Constitution, has so far qualified to be on the ballot in 24 states. Its nominee is \u003ca href=\"http://castle2016.com/home/\" target=\"_blank\">Darrell Castle\u003c/a>, an attorney from Tennessee.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Each party is wholly unique, but they all share a staunch belief in the need for alternatives to the presiding two-party system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Embedded below, (and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/ThirdPartyChart.pdf\">downloadable here as a PDF\u003c/a>), this chart compares the positions of America’s three largest minority parties on 12 key national issues. Excerpts are taken directly from each party's most recent platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Article continues below chart ...]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://drive.google.com/a/kqed.org/file/d/0B2-1-PoBoCHiM1hQYU9FZ1J2dms/preview\" width=\"700\" height=\"600\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Few and far between\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s been a hot minute since anyone besides a Republican or Democrat was president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not since 1853, in fact, when Millard Fillmore of the Whig Party departed the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, third parties are relegated to the sidelines of the U.S. politics. Currently, only two U.S. senators identify as independent, including former presidential candidate Bernie Sanders from Vermont. The U.S. House of Representatives is currently composed of only Democrats and Republicans. And of the more than \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/State_legislative_elections,_2016\" target=\"_blank\">7,000 representatives and senators\u003c/a> in state legislatures across the country, a tiny fraction are neither Republican or Democrat (most are independents). And among governors, only Bill Walker of Alaska identifies as an independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/177284/americans-continue-say-third-political-party-needed.aspx\">2014 Gallup poll\u003c/a>, 58 percent of adults said that a third major U.S. political party is necessary because Republicans and Democrats “'do such a poor job’ representing the American people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Winner-take-all\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So when Election Day rolls around, why do so few people usually vote for third party candidates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, the U.S. electoral system is winner-take-all. And that doesn’t make it too easy for the little guy to get anywhere (but home). It also dissuades voters from supporting a third party candidate they may support, as it may seem like a wasted vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and other parliamentary governments, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_representation\">proportional representation\u003c/a> opens the door for members of smaller political parties to win seats in government and gain influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not so much in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Notable efforts\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>America’s two-party mold, though, hasn’t prevented some notable third party efforts. Most recently, Ralph Nader’s 2000 presidential run as the Green Party candidate landed him a substantial 2.8 million votes. It’s widely believed that Nader’s relatively successful campaign took away critical votes from Al Gore, contributing to the Democratic candidate's loss in Florida, which ultimately cost him the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, in the 1992 presidential election, many believe that wealthy independent candidate Ross Perot hurt President George H.W. Bush’s re-election bid against Bill Clinton. Using his personal fortune to fund sprawling political infomercials, Perot was the last third party candidate to get high enough poll numbers to participate in the presidential debates. In the end, he amassed nearly 20 million votes – close to 19 percent of the electorate – many of whom would likely have otherwise voted for Bush. It marked the most successful third party run in recent history, inadvertently helping Clinton reach the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The once mighty Whigs\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>There are several third parties that have historically had significant influence in national politics. Among them, the Socialist and Progressive parties of the early 1900s, both of whom championed labor rights and women’s suffrage. President Fillmore’s Whig Party, which rose to prominence in the 1830’s in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson, won three presidential elections in the 1840s and 50s (although Fillmore was the fourth Whig president, he didn’t actually win an election – he was Zachary Taylor’s vice president and took the helm after Taylor's death).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Whig Party ultimately disintegrated in 1854, though, fracturing in large part over the increasingly divisive issue of slavery. The party’s demise led to the eventual emergence of the Republican Party, which under President Abraham Lincoln, became the most dominant force in American politics until the 1930s.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1476386611,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://drive.google.com/a/kqed.org/file/d/0B2-1-PoBoCHiM1hQYU9FZ1J2dms/preview"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":26,"wordCount":992},"headData":{"title":"Where America's Third Parties Stand on the Big Issues of the 2016 Election (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Where America's Third Parties Stand on the Big Issues of the 2016 Election (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2016-09-20T05:22:54.000Z","dateModified":"2016-10-13T19:23:31.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"23908 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=23908","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/09/19/where-americas-third-parties-stand-on-the-big-issues-of-the-2016-election-with-lesson-plan/","disqusTitle":"Where America's Third Parties Stand on the Big Issues of the 2016 Election (with Lesson Plan)","path":"/lowdown/23908/where-americas-third-parties-stand-on-the-big-issues-of-the-2016-election-with-lesson-plan","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/rqhw6W0K5t0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/rqhw6W0K5t0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cfont size=\"5\">\u003cfont color=\"#993300\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/font>\u003c/font>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">\n\u003cp>Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/09/Third-party-platform-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Third Party Platforms Lesson Plan (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The epic perennial battle between Republicans and Democrats that defines America's two-party political system makes it all-too-easy to forget that there are actually other parties out there crusading in the political wilderness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although largely overlooked today in mainstream political circles, third parties -- or minority parties -- have historically played a significant role in national politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the third-party candidates this year mustered the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/09/16/494284705/johnson-stein-officially-dont-make-the-presidential-debate-cut\" target=\"_blank\">requisite polling percentages\u003c/a> (15 percent or higher) to qualify to participate in the upcoming presidential debates. However, thanks largely to the general unpopularity of Democrat Hillary Clinton and Republican Donald Trump -- and the ongoing influence of former candidate Bernie Sanders, who railed against the two-party system -- some third party candidates are getting a bit more attention than usual in this election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, nearly 30 minority parties achieved ballot access in at least one state (including the \u003ca href=\"http://ballot-access.org/2016/02/26/american-shopping-party-qualifies-in-hawaii/\" target=\"_blank\">American Shopping Party\u003c/a>, which will be on the ballot in Hawaii).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only three of them, however, are recognized in more than a handful of states:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The Libertarian Party, the largest third party, advocates for personal freedom and very limited government. This year, the party \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_access_for_presidential_candidates\" target=\"_blank\">qualified to be on the ballot\u003c/a> in every state. Its presidential nominee is \u003ca href=\"https://www.johnsonweld.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Gary Johnson\u003c/a> (who also ran in 2012), the former governor of New Mexico.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Green Party, a left-leaning environmental and social justice party, has so far qualified to be on the ballot in 44 states. Its nominee is \u003ca href=\"http://www.jill2016.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Jill Stein\u003c/a> (who ran in 2012 as well), a physician from Massachusetts.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Constitution Party, a right wing, religious-based party that believes in a literal interpretation of the Constitution, has so far qualified to be on the ballot in 24 states. Its nominee is \u003ca href=\"http://castle2016.com/home/\" target=\"_blank\">Darrell Castle\u003c/a>, an attorney from Tennessee.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Each party is wholly unique, but they all share a staunch belief in the need for alternatives to the presiding two-party system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Embedded below, (and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/ThirdPartyChart.pdf\">downloadable here as a PDF\u003c/a>), this chart compares the positions of America’s three largest minority parties on 12 key national issues. Excerpts are taken directly from each party's most recent platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Article continues below chart ...]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"https://drive.google.com/a/kqed.org/file/d/0B2-1-PoBoCHiM1hQYU9FZ1J2dms/preview\" width=\"700\" height=\"600\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Few and far between\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s been a hot minute since anyone besides a Republican or Democrat was president of the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not since 1853, in fact, when Millard Fillmore of the Whig Party departed the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, third parties are relegated to the sidelines of the U.S. politics. Currently, only two U.S. senators identify as independent, including former presidential candidate Bernie Sanders from Vermont. The U.S. House of Representatives is currently composed of only Democrats and Republicans. And of the more than \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/State_legislative_elections,_2016\" target=\"_blank\">7,000 representatives and senators\u003c/a> in state legislatures across the country, a tiny fraction are neither Republican or Democrat (most are independents). And among governors, only Bill Walker of Alaska identifies as an independent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/177284/americans-continue-say-third-political-party-needed.aspx\">2014 Gallup poll\u003c/a>, 58 percent of adults said that a third major U.S. political party is necessary because Republicans and Democrats “'do such a poor job’ representing the American people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Winner-take-all\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So when Election Day rolls around, why do so few people usually vote for third party candidates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, the U.S. electoral system is winner-take-all. And that doesn’t make it too easy for the little guy to get anywhere (but home). It also dissuades voters from supporting a third party candidate they may support, as it may seem like a wasted vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and other parliamentary governments, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_representation\">proportional representation\u003c/a> opens the door for members of smaller political parties to win seats in government and gain influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not so much in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Notable efforts\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>America’s two-party mold, though, hasn’t prevented some notable third party efforts. Most recently, Ralph Nader’s 2000 presidential run as the Green Party candidate landed him a substantial 2.8 million votes. It’s widely believed that Nader’s relatively successful campaign took away critical votes from Al Gore, contributing to the Democratic candidate's loss in Florida, which ultimately cost him the election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, in the 1992 presidential election, many believe that wealthy independent candidate Ross Perot hurt President George H.W. Bush’s re-election bid against Bill Clinton. Using his personal fortune to fund sprawling political infomercials, Perot was the last third party candidate to get high enough poll numbers to participate in the presidential debates. In the end, he amassed nearly 20 million votes – close to 19 percent of the electorate – many of whom would likely have otherwise voted for Bush. It marked the most successful third party run in recent history, inadvertently helping Clinton reach the White House.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The once mighty Whigs\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>There are several third parties that have historically had significant influence in national politics. Among them, the Socialist and Progressive parties of the early 1900s, both of whom championed labor rights and women’s suffrage. President Fillmore’s Whig Party, which rose to prominence in the 1830’s in opposition to the policies of President Andrew Jackson, won three presidential elections in the 1840s and 50s (although Fillmore was the fourth Whig president, he didn’t actually win an election – he was Zachary Taylor’s vice president and took the helm after Taylor's death).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Whig Party ultimately disintegrated in 1854, though, fracturing in large part over the increasingly divisive issue of slavery. The party’s demise led to the eventual emergence of the Republican Party, which under President Abraham Lincoln, became the most dominant force in American politics until the 1930s.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/23908/where-americas-third-parties-stand-on-the-big-issues-of-the-2016-election-with-lesson-plan","authors":["7610"],"categories":["lowdown_2498","lowdown_2399","lowdown_1","lowdown_2392","lowdown_2391"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_213","lowdown_2470"],"featImg":"lowdown_19569","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_3955":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_3955","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"3955","score":null,"sort":[1472493622000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"ten-of-the-best-presidential-campaign-commercials-of-all-time","title":"Ten of the Most Successful Presidential Campaign Ads Ever Made (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1472493622,"format":"video","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003cp>It's the final stretch of the 2016 presidential election season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our entire lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/The-Anatomy-of-a-Political-Ad-lesson-plan-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anatomy of a political ad lesson plan (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/The-Anatomy-of-a-Political-Ad-graphic-organizer-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Political ads graphic organizer\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>So brace yourself for that last inescapable flood of campaign commercials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't always like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1948 less than one percent of U.S. homes had TVs. By 1954 - a mere six years later - more than half of all American's had a boob-tube in the house. By 1958, that rate had soared to over 80 percent, and today hovers at about 97 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to University of Wisconsin Journalism Professor \u003ca href=\"http://www.lib.niu.edu/1993/ihy930341.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">James L. Baughman\u003c/a>, who documents the rapid rise of TV in American life. \"No other household technology,\" he writes, \"not the telephone or indoor plumbing, had ever spread so rapidly into so many homes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It didn't take political campaigns long to catch on to the enormous potential this new technology offered: a green light to instantly infiltrate the living rooms of millions of Americans, more directly, personally, and visually than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The very first televised campaign ads were launched in the 1952 presidential race. Leading the charge was Republican candidate Dwight D. Eisenhower (and his running mate Richard Nixon). The campaign spent roughly $1.5 million on ads, twice that of Democratic opponent Adlai Stevenson. The first series of spot ads, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1952\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\"Eisenhower Answers America,\" \u003c/a>featured a seemingly average citizen asking a laughably scripted, leading question, to which Eisenhower frankly responded, staring directly into the camera, utterly devoid of emotion or charisma. The campaign soon followed up with the now legendary \"I Like Ike\" animation, which gave the candidate a major edge in the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.livingroomcandidate.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living Room Candidate\u003c/a>, a project of the Museum of the Moving Image, is an impressively thorough and well curated repository of presidential campaign ads in every election since 1952. Here are 10 of the heaviest hitters (note the wide variations between negative/fear-inducing and euphorically positive):\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"Ike for President\" (1952)\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9RAxAgksSE&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This seemingly quaint commercial helped Eisenhower trounce his Democratic opponent Adlai Stevenson. The first Republican to win the White House in 20 years, Eisenhower got 83 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>John F. Kennedy's \"Kennedy For Me\" (1960)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/OldTwzN7hKk\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 43, John F. Kennedy was to become the youngest elected candidate in U.S. history. Attacked by his opponent Richard Nixon as inexperienced, this jingle ad helped turn Kennedy's youth into an asset, someone who is “old enough to know and young enough to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy won with 56 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Lyndon B. Johnson's \"Daisy Girl\" (1964)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/dDTBnsqxZ3k\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of Lyndon B. Johnson's 1964 re-election bid, in the midst of the Cold War, this ad is among the most famous campaign commercials of all time. It ran only once, during an NBC broadcast of Monday Night at the Movies on September 7, 1964. But that was enough to scare the pants off an already skittish electorate, by painting his Republican opponent, Barry Goldwater, as a dangerous right-wing extremist who'd bring the world to the brink of disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson won the election with 90 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Hubert H. Humphrey's \"Laughter\" (1968)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/Qwk_epMblW4\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Democrat Hubert H. Humphrey ended up losing the 1968 presidential race to Richard Nixon, this ad still packed a punch by portraying Spiro Agnew, Nixon's relatively unknown running mate, as a political neophyte, so inexperienced as to be, literally, laughable. The ad was created by Tony Schwartz, who also made Johnson's \"Daisy\" ad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon still beat Humphrey, with nearly 56 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Richard Nixon's \"McGovern Defense\" (1972)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/qVcFUIXEDZ8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This ad aired during Richard Nixon's re-election bid against Democratic challenger George McGovern in 1972. With the U.S. military still deeply engaged in the Vietnam War, Nixon's campaign sought to portray Democrats as weak on national defense, with policies that would place the nation in peril. It was sponsored by a group called \"Democrats for Nixon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon won with a whopping 97 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Ronald Reagan's \"Morning In America\" (1984)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/EU-IBF8nwSY\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of a series of 1984 Reagan campaign ads collectively known as \"Morning in America,\" this commercial effectively highlights idyllic scenes of productivity and suburban life to suggest that President Reagan had successfully restored American optimism and revived the economy from the prolonged period of high inflation and unemployment that had persisted under his Democratic predecessor Jimmy Carter. The ads helped Reagan handily defeat his Democratic opponent Walter Mondale, with 98 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>George H.W. Bush's \"Revolving Door\" (1988)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/PmwhdDv8VrM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This crushing ad attacked a program that Democratic presidential challenger Michael Dukakis had supported while he was governor of Massachusetts, allowing prisoners to be released on weekend furloughs. The ad capitalized on the case of Willie Horton, a Massachusetts state prison inmate and one of the program's participants, who in 1987 raped a woman while on weekend furlough. The black-and-white ad successfully cast doubt on Dukakis' ability to govern and protect public safety, striking a major blow to his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bush won with 80 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Bill Clinton's \"Man From Hope\" (1992)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xq_x3JUwrU0&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An edited down version of a much longer biographical film shown at the 1992 Democratic Convention, this commercial widely considered among the most compelling biographical ads ever made. Emphasizing Clinton's small town roots it conveys the candidate's strong work ethic, wisdom and sense of humanity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton defeated Republican incumbent George H.W. Bush with 69 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>George W. Bush's \"Windsurfing\" (2004)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbdzMLk9wHQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most effective and memorable ad of the 2004 election, this drove home the Bush campaign's consistent allegation that Democratic challenger John Kerry was a “flip-flopper” who merely tailed the political winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bush won with 53 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Barack Obama's \"Yes We Can\" Web Ad (2008)\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jjXyqcx-mYY\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the most unconventional campaign ads to date, this was only available on the web. Produced by Will.i.am of The Black Eyed Peas and Jesse Dylan (Bob Dylan's son), the ad put music to Obama's New Hampshire primary concession speech (after he lost the state to Hilary Clinton). It features a succession of over 30 celebrity performers singing his words. First posted on YouTube, the video quickly went viral, with over 26 million views in just a few days. It led to an online fundraising boom and a new wave of momentum for Obama's campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama beat his Republican challenger John McCain with 68 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1521843542,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1200},"headData":{"title":"Ten of the Most Successful Presidential Campaign Ads Ever Made (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"It's the final stretch of the 2016 presidential election season. Teach with the Lowdown Nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our entire lesson plan collection here. Anatomy of a political ad lesson plan (PDF) Political ads graphic organizer So brace yourself for that last inescapable flood of campaign commercials.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Ten of the Most Successful Presidential Campaign Ads Ever Made (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2016-08-29T18:00:22.000Z","dateModified":"2018-03-23T22:19:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"3955 http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=3955","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/08/29/ten-of-the-best-presidential-campaign-commercials-of-all-time/","disqusTitle":"Ten of the Most Successful Presidential Campaign Ads Ever Made (with Lesson Plan)","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/ar96nFBtoQQ","customPermalink":"2015/10/14/ten-of-the-best-presidential-campaign-commercials-of-all-time/","path":"/lowdown/3955/ten-of-the-best-presidential-campaign-commercials-of-all-time","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's the final stretch of the 2016 presidential election season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our entire lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here\u003c/a>.\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/The-Anatomy-of-a-Political-Ad-lesson-plan-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Anatomy of a political ad lesson plan (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/The-Anatomy-of-a-Political-Ad-graphic-organizer-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Political ads graphic organizer\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>So brace yourself for that last inescapable flood of campaign commercials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't always like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1948 less than one percent of U.S. homes had TVs. By 1954 - a mere six years later - more than half of all American's had a boob-tube in the house. By 1958, that rate had soared to over 80 percent, and today hovers at about 97 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's according to University of Wisconsin Journalism Professor \u003ca href=\"http://www.lib.niu.edu/1993/ihy930341.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">James L. Baughman\u003c/a>, who documents the rapid rise of TV in American life. \"No other household technology,\" he writes, \"not the telephone or indoor plumbing, had ever spread so rapidly into so many homes.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It didn't take political campaigns long to catch on to the enormous potential this new technology offered: a green light to instantly infiltrate the living rooms of millions of Americans, more directly, personally, and visually than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The very first televised campaign ads were launched in the 1952 presidential race. Leading the charge was Republican candidate Dwight D. Eisenhower (and his running mate Richard Nixon). The campaign spent roughly $1.5 million on ads, twice that of Democratic opponent Adlai Stevenson. The first series of spot ads, called \u003ca href=\"http://www.livingroomcandidate.org/commercials/1952\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\"Eisenhower Answers America,\" \u003c/a>featured a seemingly average citizen asking a laughably scripted, leading question, to which Eisenhower frankly responded, staring directly into the camera, utterly devoid of emotion or charisma. The campaign soon followed up with the now legendary \"I Like Ike\" animation, which gave the candidate a major edge in the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.livingroomcandidate.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Living Room Candidate\u003c/a>, a project of the Museum of the Moving Image, is an impressively thorough and well curated repository of presidential campaign ads in every election since 1952. Here are 10 of the heaviest hitters (note the wide variations between negative/fear-inducing and euphorically positive):\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Dwight D. Eisenhower's \"Ike for President\" (1952)\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Y9RAxAgksSE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Y9RAxAgksSE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>This seemingly quaint commercial helped Eisenhower trounce his Democratic opponent Adlai Stevenson. The first Republican to win the White House in 20 years, Eisenhower got 83 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>John F. Kennedy's \"Kennedy For Me\" (1960)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/OldTwzN7hKk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/OldTwzN7hKk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>At 43, John F. Kennedy was to become the youngest elected candidate in U.S. history. Attacked by his opponent Richard Nixon as inexperienced, this jingle ad helped turn Kennedy's youth into an asset, someone who is “old enough to know and young enough to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kennedy won with 56 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Lyndon B. Johnson's \"Daisy Girl\" (1964)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/dDTBnsqxZ3k'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/dDTBnsqxZ3k'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Part of Lyndon B. Johnson's 1964 re-election bid, in the midst of the Cold War, this ad is among the most famous campaign commercials of all time. It ran only once, during an NBC broadcast of Monday Night at the Movies on September 7, 1964. But that was enough to scare the pants off an already skittish electorate, by painting his Republican opponent, Barry Goldwater, as a dangerous right-wing extremist who'd bring the world to the brink of disaster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson won the election with 90 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Hubert H. Humphrey's \"Laughter\" (1968)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Qwk_epMblW4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Qwk_epMblW4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Although Democrat Hubert H. Humphrey ended up losing the 1968 presidential race to Richard Nixon, this ad still packed a punch by portraying Spiro Agnew, Nixon's relatively unknown running mate, as a political neophyte, so inexperienced as to be, literally, laughable. The ad was created by Tony Schwartz, who also made Johnson's \"Daisy\" ad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon still beat Humphrey, with nearly 56 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Richard Nixon's \"McGovern Defense\" (1972)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/qVcFUIXEDZ8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/qVcFUIXEDZ8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>This ad aired during Richard Nixon's re-election bid against Democratic challenger George McGovern in 1972. With the U.S. military still deeply engaged in the Vietnam War, Nixon's campaign sought to portray Democrats as weak on national defense, with policies that would place the nation in peril. It was sponsored by a group called \"Democrats for Nixon.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nixon won with a whopping 97 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Ronald Reagan's \"Morning In America\" (1984)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/EU-IBF8nwSY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/EU-IBF8nwSY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Part of a series of 1984 Reagan campaign ads collectively known as \"Morning in America,\" this commercial effectively highlights idyllic scenes of productivity and suburban life to suggest that President Reagan had successfully restored American optimism and revived the economy from the prolonged period of high inflation and unemployment that had persisted under his Democratic predecessor Jimmy Carter. The ads helped Reagan handily defeat his Democratic opponent Walter Mondale, with 98 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>George H.W. Bush's \"Revolving Door\" (1988)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/PmwhdDv8VrM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/PmwhdDv8VrM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>This crushing ad attacked a program that Democratic presidential challenger Michael Dukakis had supported while he was governor of Massachusetts, allowing prisoners to be released on weekend furloughs. The ad capitalized on the case of Willie Horton, a Massachusetts state prison inmate and one of the program's participants, who in 1987 raped a woman while on weekend furlough. The black-and-white ad successfully cast doubt on Dukakis' ability to govern and protect public safety, striking a major blow to his campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bush won with 80 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Bill Clinton's \"Man From Hope\" (1992)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Xq_x3JUwrU0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Xq_x3JUwrU0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>An edited down version of a much longer biographical film shown at the 1992 Democratic Convention, this commercial widely considered among the most compelling biographical ads ever made. Emphasizing Clinton's small town roots it conveys the candidate's strong work ethic, wisdom and sense of humanity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton defeated Republican incumbent George H.W. Bush with 69 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>George W. Bush's \"Windsurfing\" (2004)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/pbdzMLk9wHQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/pbdzMLk9wHQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The most effective and memorable ad of the 2004 election, this drove home the Bush campaign's consistent allegation that Democratic challenger John Kerry was a “flip-flopper” who merely tailed the political winds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bush won with 53 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Barack Obama's \"Yes We Can\" Web Ad (2008)\u003c/h4>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/jjXyqcx-mYY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/jjXyqcx-mYY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Among the most unconventional campaign ads to date, this was only available on the web. Produced by Will.i.am of The Black Eyed Peas and Jesse Dylan (Bob Dylan's son), the ad put music to Obama's New Hampshire primary concession speech (after he lost the state to Hilary Clinton). It features a succession of over 30 celebrity performers singing his words. First posted on YouTube, the video quickly went viral, with over 26 million views in just a few days. It led to an online fundraising boom and a new wave of momentum for Obama's campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Obama beat his Republican challenger John McCain with 68 percent of the electoral vote.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/3955/ten-of-the-best-presidential-campaign-commercials-of-all-time","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2498","lowdown_245","lowdown_2399","lowdown_2392","lowdown_2391"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2483","lowdown_265"],"featImg":"lowdown_3988","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_23130":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_23130","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"lowdown","id":"23130","score":null,"sort":[1471908684000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"election-2016-where-clinton-and-trump-stand-on-the-major-issues-interactive","title":"The Big Issues of the 2016 Election: Where Trump and Clinton Stand (with Lesson Plan)","publishDate":1471908684,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"content":"\u003chead>\u003cstyle>\na.specialhover:hover \nimg {\n background-color: grey;\n}\n\u003c/style>\n\u003c/head>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan library \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/Candidate-nine-issues-lesson-plan.docx_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">9 Issues Lesson plan (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/political_terminology.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Political terminology infographic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump share the dubious distinction of being among the \u003ca href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/americans-distaste-for-both-trump-and-clinton-is-record-breaking/\" target=\"_blank\">least popular\u003c/a> presidential nominees in recent history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They don't share much else, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2016 Democratic and Republican presidential candidates have vastly different worldviews, with often dramatically opposing visions of the kind of nation America should be and the type of government it should have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click on issues in the grid below to learn more about what's at stake in this election and the contrasting positions of the two candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"Issues\">\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Big Issues of the 2016 Election\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Climate%20Change\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23328\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/environment-e1472253769729.png\" alt=\"environment\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Criminal%20Justice\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23327\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/CriminalJustice-e1472253783578.png\" alt=\"CriminalJustice\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Abortion\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23326\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortion-e1472253798930.png\" alt=\"abortion\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#National%20Defense\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23334\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/nationaldefense-e1472253534205.png\" alt=\"nationaldefense\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Money\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-23333 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/money-e1472253555593.png\" alt=\"money\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Immigration\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23332\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/Immigration-e1472253578957.png\" alt=\"Immigration\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Higher%20Education\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23331\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/HigherEducation-e1472253720385.png\" alt=\"Higher Education\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Health%20Care\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23330\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/Healthcare-e1472253739159.png\" alt=\"Healthcare\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Gun%20Control\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23329\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/GunControl-e1472253755463.png\" alt=\"GunControl\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Gun Control\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23240\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-23240\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gunshow.jpg\" alt=\"Photo Source: Wikimedia Commons\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gunshow.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gunshow-400x171.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Houston_Gun_Show_at_the_George_R._Brown_Convention_Center.jpg\"> Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a> \u003ccite>(Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Gun Control\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The number of U.S. gun deaths has fallen considerably since peaking in the mid-1990s. But it still remains far higher than in any other wealthy nation in the world, as does the rate of \u003ca href=\"https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/tocta/6.Firearms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> gun ownership.\u003c/a> And while mass shootings only make up a small percentage of total U.S. gun deaths, they occur with alarming frequency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue resurfaced in June, when a lone gunman wielding a semi-automatic rifle and a handgun singlehandedly killed 49 people at a gay nightclub in Orlando. The incident marked the deadliest mass shooting in American history, reigniting a fierce national debate over gun violence and gun control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath, Democratic leaders staged a day-long \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/06/22/483091059/demanding-action-on-gun-control-house-democrats-stage-sit-in\" target=\"_blank\"> sit-in\u003c/a> on the house floor, hoping to push legislation to broaden background checks and prevent people on the government’s “no-fly list” from purchasing firearms. Republican congressional leaders, however, denounced the action, and effectively \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/house-gop-indefinitely-delays-gun-control-votes-225234\" target=\"_blank\"> blocked a vote\u003c/a> on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the stalemate in congress, there’s strong public support for gun control measures. In a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/06/20/politics/cnn-gun-poll/\" target=\"_blank\"> CNN poll\u003c/a> 92 percent of respondents said they supported expanded background checks, and 85 percent want the “no-fly” purchasing ban. Nevertheless, the political influence of gun rights groups, like the National Rifle Association, remains huge, effectively squashing most efforts to strengthen gun laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of the December 2015 mass shooting in San Bernardino, President Obama went around Congress and announced a series of executive actions to marginally expand background checks and crack down on illegal online gun sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gundata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"345\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/2016/images/06/20/cnn_orc_poll_june_20.pdf\"> CNN/ORC poll (survey conducted June, 2016)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/tocta/6.Firearms.pdf\"> UNODC & Small Arms Survey\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton is pushing for what she calls \"common sense\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/gun-violence-prevention/\" target=\"_blank\">reforms\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\nHer plan includes a ban on assault weapons, stricter background checks for firearm purchases and a crackdown on illegal gun traffickers. At a June campaign event in Chicago, she declared gun control a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/20160627/south-loop/hillary-clinton-delivers-keynote-at-rainbow-push-convention\" target=\"_blank\">“civil rights issue”\u003c/a> and attacked the gun lobby for preventing legislative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton has received some push-back from Democrats, including former-rival Bernie Sanders, for her proposal to make gun makers and sellers \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/26/opinions/keane-gun-liability-hillary-clinton/\" target=\"_blank\"> liable\u003c/a> for weapons that end up being used in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump calls gun bans \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/second-amendment-rights\" target=\"_blank\"> “a total failure.”\u003c/a> He’s opposed to any expansion of background checks and wants concealed carry permits to be allowed all 50 states. He has also pledged to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/01/02/politics/donald-trump-obama-guns/\" target=\"_blank\"> “un-sign”\u003c/a> President Obama's executive actions on gun control and eliminate gun-free zones in schools and on military bases. On his website, Trump states that an important way to fight crime is to “empower law-abiding gun owners to defend themselves.” He further claims that America’s failed mental health system, not gun legislation, is the real culprit behind the mass shooting dilemma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After receiving an endorsement from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-nra-clinton-most-anti-gun-candidate-ever-n577711\" target=\"_blank\"> National Rifle Association\u003c/a> (NRA) in May, Trump called Clinton “the most anti-gun, anti-Second Amendment candidate to ever run for office.” And in early August, at a campaign rally in North Carolina, Trump made a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/09/politics/donald-trump-hillary-clinton-second-amendment/\" target=\"_blank\"> controversial remark\u003c/a> about his opponent that was widely interpreted as inciting violence: “If she gets to pick her judges, nothing you can do, folks. Although the Second Amendment people, maybe there is, I don't know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Abortion\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23242\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-23242\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/plannedparenthood.jpg\" alt=\"Photo Credit: Flickr/Charlotte Cooper\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/plannedparenthood.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/plannedparenthood-400x171.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/cecooper/5479766813\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr/Charlotte Cooper\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>ABORTION\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than 40 years since the Supreme Court's landmark \u003ci>Roe v. Wade\u003c/i> decision that protects a woman’s right to have an abortion. But Americans still remain deeply divided on the issue, particularly along religious and regional lines. In recent years, various \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/supreme-court-wont-revive-arizonas-strict-abortion-rules/2014/01/13/33feee68-7c60-11e3-95c6-0a7aa80874bc_story.html\" target=\"_blank\"> conservative states\u003c/a> in the South and Midwest have enacted laws aimed at restricting access to abortion facilities and services. However, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/28/us/supreme-court-texas-abortion.html?_r=1\" target=\"_blank\"> major ruling \u003c/a> in June, the Supreme Court struck down a Texas law that placed steep restrictions on abortion providers. Reaching a 5-3 decision, the Court found the state’s laws placed an “undue burden” on women seeking abortions, violating their constitutional rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23226\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-23226\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated.png\" alt=\"Sources: Pew Research Center (survey conducted March, 2016) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Abortion Surveillance Reports. *Based on legally induced abortions reported to the CDC.\" width=\"796\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated.png 796w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated-400x164.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated-768x315.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 796px) 100vw, 796px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/06/27/5-facts-about-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Center (survey conducted March, 2016)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/data_stats/abortion.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Abortion Surveillance Reports.\u003c/a> *Based on legally induced abortions reported to the CDC.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Throughout her career, Clinton has consistently described herself as \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/womens-rights-and-opportunity/\" target=\"_blank\"> “pro-choice.”\u003c/a> She’s fought efforts to defund Planned Parenthood, and opposed laws aimed at restricting access to safe, legal abortions. She praised the recent Supreme Court decision on Texas, and has pledged to continue working to protect \u003ci> Roe v Wade\u003c/i>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Democratic debate in March, Clinton said she would consider \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders-answer-questions-about-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\"> some restrictions\u003c/a> on late-term abortions, “so long as there is an exception for the life and health of the mother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton's pick for Vice President, Tim Kaine, says he’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/tim-kaine-abortion-predicament-225053\" target=\"_blank\"> personally opposed\u003c/a> to abortion, but will work to uphold \u003ci> Roe v Wade.\u003c/i> Kaine has been criticized in the past by pro-choice groups for signing \u003ca href=\"http://www.prochoiceamerica.org/media/press-releases/2009/pr03302009_kaine.html\" target=\"_blank\"> \"anti-choice\"\u003c/a> bills into law as Governor of Virginia – however, since joining the Senate in 2012, he has consistently voted in line with abortion-rights advocates and the Democratic Party platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Prior to running for office, Trump described himself as, “very pro-choice.” However, as a candidate, he’s shifted his position to one more in line with the Republican Party’s anti-abortion stance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After catching heat for suggesting that women should receive \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/3/30/11333472/trump-abortions-punishment-women\" target=\"_blank\"> “some sort of punishment\"\u003c/a> for having an abortion, his campaign back-peddled, saying that Trump believes the person performing the procedure should be held accountable, not the woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is pledging to change abortion laws by appointing pro-life judges, particularly to the Supreme Court. He also advocates allowing states to protect the rights of the unborn. He does, however, stray from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/04/21/politics/donald-trump-republican-platform-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\"> Republican platform\u003c/a> in arguing that abortion laws should contain exceptions for rape and incest, when the life of the mother is at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's running mate, Indiana Governor Mike Pence, is a vocal anti-abortion advocate, recently signing into law \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/24/politics/mike-pence-indiana-disability-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\"> broad restrictions\u003c/a> for doctors and women who seek abortions in Indiana, which already has restrictive abortion laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Immigration\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/borderwall.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Border_Mexico_USA.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>IMMIGRATION\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration policy is one of the most divisive issues in this election. The United States has long been a top destination for foreigners, attracting roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-states\" target=\"_blank\"> 20 percent\u003c/a> of the world’s immigrant population. The more than 41 million immigrants who live here make up roughly 13 percent of the nation’s total population. About \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/19/5-facts-about-illegal-immigration-in-the-u-s/\" target=\"_blank\"> 11.3 million\u003c/a> of them are undocumented: living here without legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although most Americans believe it's unrealistic to deport every undocumented immigrant, many support some tighter immigration restrictions. Only about a third, though, are in favor of building a U.S.-Mexican border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/04/15/americans-views-of-immigrants-marked-by-widening-partisan-generational-divides/\" target=\"_blank\"> Pew Research poll\u003c/a> found that 75 percent of Americans say undocumented immigrants who meet certain requirements should be allowed to stay in the U.S. legally, and a majority (59 percent) say immigrants strengthen the country through their hard work and talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/06/22/us/who-is-affected-by-supreme-court-decision-on-immigration.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\"> Supreme Court\u003c/a> upheld a lower court’s decision overturning President Obama's executive actions that would have protected nearly five million undocumented immigrants from deportation. The decision leaves federal immigration reform unresolved, an issue the next president will likely address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/immigrationdata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"345\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/04/15/americans-views-of-immigrants-marked-by-widening-partisan-generational-divides/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Center (survey conducted March, 2016 )\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-states\" target=\"_blank\">Migration Policy Institute (based on 1970-2000 decennial Census data)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton supported President Obama's executive actions to provide deportation relief to eligible undocumented immigrants. She’s vowed to go beyond Obama's short-term measures and fight for \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/immigration-reform/\" target=\"_blank\"> comprehensive immigration reform\u003c/a> that includes a path to citizenship. She’s also proposed reducing barriers to naturalization for green card holders, closing private immigration detention centers and creating the first national \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/blogs/2016-dem-primary-live-updates-and-results/2016/04/hillary-clinton-immigrants-affairs-221873\" target=\"_blank\"> Office of Immigrant Affairs\u003c/a> to coordinate programs across federal agencies, as well as state and local governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton also supports a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/13/donald-trump/donald-trump-says-hillary-clinton-wants-let-500-pe/\" target=\"_blank\"> five-fold increase\u003c/a> -- from 10,000 to 65,000 -- in the number of Syrian refugees allowed to enter the United States. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/statements/2015/12/15/comprehensive-plan-to-bolster-homeland-security/\" target=\"_blank\"> she maintains\u003c/a> that the U.S. would have to, “be vigilant in screening and vetting refugees from Syria” - a \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4116619/syrian-refugees-screening-process/\" target=\"_blank\"> multi-step process\u003c/a> that currently takes 18 to 24 months to complete. She’s consistently criticized \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/14/us/politics/donald-trump-hillary-clinton-speeches.html\" target=\"_blank\"> Trump's plan\u003c/a> to ban Muslim immigration as discriminatory and counterproductive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump has made \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/immigration-reform\" target=\"_blank\"> tough immigration policy\u003c/a> one of the cornerstones of his campaign. From the beginning of his campaign, he's promised to deport all 11.3 million undocumented immigrants, consistently accusing them of stealing jobs from U.S. citizens, straining public resources and jeopardizing national security. A key part of his plan is building a U.S.-Mexico border wall, and making Mexico foot the estimated $10 billion bill. At a press conference announcing his run for president last year, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2015/06/16/full-text-donald-trump-announces-a-presidential-bid/#annotations:7472552\" target=\"_blank\"> infamously said\u003c/a>: “When Mexico sends its people, they're not sending their best ... They're bringing drugs. They're bringing crime. They're rapists. And some, I assume, are good people.” His plans also include tripling the number of immigration enforcement officers and ending the constitutional guarantee of birthright citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Trump had hinted at the possibility of softening his hard-line stance on removing all undocumented immigrants -- and even arranged a surprise meeting in late August with Mexico's president -- the candidate recently outlined a\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/donald-trumps-10-point-immigration-plan/\" target=\"_blank\"> 10-point immigration plan\u003c/a>, reiterating his intention to crack down on illegal immigration, build a wall and even set new historically low caps on legal immigration. Although he shelved his initial pledge to hunt down and deport all 11 million undocumented immigrants, he didn't say he was taking the idea off the table.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Criminal Justice\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/prisoncell.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Alcatraz_prison_cell_(pfnatic).JPG\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>CRIMINAL JUSTICE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The United States has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world. About \u003ca href=\"http://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2016.html\" target=\"_blank\">2.3 million\u003c/a> people are currently behind bars, or roughly 716 for every 100,000 people. The huge prison population is the result of decades of harsh sentencing policies and steep penalties for non-violent drug offenses. Because of the system’s astronomical costs and the stark racial disparities of those impacted, prison reform is actually one of the few issues in which Republicans and Democrats have found some common ground. Although strategies differ, both parties agree that it’s necessary to end mass incarceration, and reduce the severity of sentences for low-level, non-violent offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of recent high-profile police shootings and the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement, both parties have also been forced to confront issues on policing and race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/prisondata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"359\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewtrusts.org/~/media/assets/2012/03/30/pew_nationalsurveyresearchpaper_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Prison Policy Initiative: \"Public Opinion on Sentencing & Corrections Policy in America\" (March 2012)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.prisonstudies.org/highest-to-lowest/prison-population-total\" target=\"_blank\"> World Prison Brief - Institute for Criminal Policy Research (2013)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton has worked hard to try to distance herself from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.salon.com/2016/05/07/its_worse_than_just_the_1994_crime_bill_the_clintons_criminal_justice_and_the_damage_of_90s_crime_politics/\" target=\"_blank\"> criminal justice policies\u003c/a> implemented during her husband's administration. In 1994, President Bill Clinton signed into law a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/billfs.txt\" target=\"_blank\"> sweeping crime bill\u003c/a> that some blame for the drastic spike in the nation’s prison population. Hillary Clinton has \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/criminal-justice-reform/\" target=\"_blank\"> pledged to reverse\u003c/a> many of those policies, vowing to end mass incarceration and close private prisons. She also plans to reform mandatory minimum sentencing for non-violent offenders and redirect federal enforcement resources away from the War on Drugs and towards combating violent crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She supports police body cameras and says she would provide federal matching funds to allow state and local police departments to implement emerging technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the primary elections, Clinton met with members of the Black Lives Matter movement, and following a series of high-profile police shootings in early July, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/HillaryClinton/status/751133678269587456\" target=\"_blank\">tweeted:\u003c/a> “Alton Sterling Matters. Philando Castile Matters. Black Lives Matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump hasn’t released any formal positions on criminal justice and has \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/5/25/11737264/donald-trump-criminal-justice-republican-president\" target=\"_blank\"> yet to clearly outline\u003c/a> how he’d specifically address the issue. He’s repeatedly promised to be \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donald-trump-restore-law-order-week-police-involved/story?id=40429817\" target=\"_blank\"> tough on crime\u003c/a> and \"restore law and order.\" He also claims that \u003ca href=\"http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/watch/trump-police-are-mistreated-misunderstood-617933379521\" target=\"_blank\"> police are often\u003c/a> “mistreated and misunderstood,” and says that the nation’s “racial tensions have gotten worse, not better.” Recently, Trump has noted the level of crime and poverty in many inner-city communities, claiming that unlike Democratic leaders, he would make conditions better. In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/19/politics/donald-trump-african-american-voters/\" target=\"_blank\">speech in August\u003c/a> he appealed to black voters, asking: \"What the hell do you have to lose?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Money\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/bills.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Money_Cash.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>MONEY\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The economy is officially rebounding from the depths of the 2008 recession, and employment rates continue to rise. However, with the continuing loss of manufacturing jobs, wages have remained stagnant for millions of Americans, a factor that’s contributed to a shrinking middle class and growing gap between rich and poor. Wealth inequality in the U.S. is now at near record highs, with about 90 percent of wealth owned by the top .1 percent of families, according to recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/nov/13/us-wealth-inequality-top-01-worth-as-much-as-the-bottom-90\" target=\"_blank\"> economic research\u003c/a>. Such frustrations have become a key focus in this year’s presidential race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to public pressure, a number of states have recently raised their minimum wages, even as the federal minimum wage has been stuck at $7.25 since 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trade agreements have also emerged as a hot-button issue this election. The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/07/29/the-trans-pacific-partnership-explained/\" target=\"_blank\"> Trans-Pacific Partnership\u003c/a>, a trade deal among the Pacific Rim countries, ruffled feathers at both the Republican and Democratic conventions. The agreement, backed by President Obama, would lower tariffs on imports and exports for the nations involved. However, critics, including some prominent Republicans and Democrats, argue the deal would hurt U.S. workers and send more jobs overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/wealthdata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Gallup Poll Series (survey conducted April, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.dol.gov/general/topic/wages/minimumwage\" target=\"_blank\"> United States Department of Labor (2012)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Since becoming the Democratic nominee, Clinton has adopted some of Bernie Sanders’ more left-leaning positions on income inequality, and made the issue a more \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/factsheets/2015/12/08/ending-inversions-and-investing-in-america/\" target=\"_blank\"> central part\u003c/a> of her campaign. She’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/factsheets/2016/06/22/stronger-together-hillary-clintons-plan-for-an-economy-that-works-for-everyone-not-just-those-at-the-top/\" target=\"_blank\"> pledged to\u003c/a> \"make the economy work for everyone, not just those at the top\" through an ambitious plan that includes job creation, slashing corporate loopholes and raising the minimum wage (although not as high as the $15 per hour target set in the Democratic Party platform).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton's \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/factsheets/2016/05/25/hillary-clinton-will-make-the-boldest-investments-in-our-infrastructure-since-eisenhower-built-the-interstate-highway-system-donald-trump-will-build-a-wall/\" target=\"_blank\"> jobs plan\u003c/a>, which calls for \"the boldest investment ... since Eisenhower built the Interstate Highway System,\" is mainly focused on the nation's transportation, technology and energy sectors. To fund her plan, \u003ca href=\"http://finance.yahoo.com/news/conventional-tax-proposals-unconventional-us-082939987.html;_ylt=AwrBT9rgKrtXNcgANFJXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTEyNnQ4cHI3BGNvbG8DYmYxBHBvcwMxBHZ0aWQDVUkyQzNfMQRzZWMDc3I-\" target=\"_blank\"> Clinton proposes\u003c/a> raising taxes on the rich, including a minimum 30 percent tax rate for those making more than $1 million a year, and a 4 percent surcharge for incomes over $5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The TPP became a deeply divisive issue leading up to the Democratic National Convention in July. Clinton's former rival, Bernie Sanders, led a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/07/09/sanders-loses-on-trade-at-democratic-platform-meeting/\" target=\"_blank\"> failed campaign\u003c/a> to strike support for the TPP from the Democratic Party platform. Clinton supported the trade deal as a senator, but has reversed her stance amid criticism from Sanders supporters and labor leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump unveiled his \u003ci> \"America First\" \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-economic-plan-winning-the-global-competition\" target=\"_blank\"> economic plan\u003c/a> in early August, in his first comprehensive policy address on the issue. The proposal includes ways to simplify the tax code, increase trade enforcement with China and strike down federal agency regulations – which he describes as “the anchor dragging us down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s initial tax reform plan released last September proposed broad relief for the middle class and \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/donald-trump-says-wealthy-may-see-tax-increase-1462741116\" target=\"_blank\"> closing loophole\u003c/a> for the rich. However, in response to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/05/donald-trump-taxes-tax-reform-223041\" target=\"_blank\"> criticism\u003c/a> that the plan would greatly expand the federal deficit, his campaign has released a revised \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/09/us/politics/donald-trump-economy-speech.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\"> three-tier tax plan.\u003c/a> More in line with the Republican Party platform, the current proposal would cut top income tax rates from nearly 40 percent to 33 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has consistently appealed to \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/08/08/donald-trump-corporate-tax/\" target=\"_blank\"> big business\u003c/a>, pledging to slash the top tax rate on corporations by more than half. Additionally, he wants to abolish the estate tax (which Republicans derisively call the “Death Tax) and make inheritance money tax-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the primaries, Trump advocated strongly against raising the federal minimum wage, but has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/08/03/a-guide-to-all-of-donald-trumps-flip-flops-on-the-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\"> shifted his position\u003c/a>. More recently, he has suggested it \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/27/politics/donald-trump-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\"> should be increased\u003c/a> to \"at least $10,\" but thinks it’s an issue best left to the states, not the federal government, to decide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is also \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/06/28/politics/donald-trump-special-interests-rape-our-country/\" target=\"_blank\"> strongly oppose\u003c/a> to the TPP, calling it “another disaster done and pushed by special interests who want to rape our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"National Defense\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/military.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Helicopter_Extraction-Tal_Afar_Iraq.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"> Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>NATIONAL DEFENSE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In reaction to the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS) and recent attacks at home and abroad, global terrorism has reemerged as a major issue in this election. A majority of Americans continue to approve of U.S. military campaigns against ISIS in Iraq and Syria, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2016/05/05/4-u-s-military-action-against-isis-policy-toward-terrorism/\" target=\"_blank\"> Pew Research poll\u003c/a>, although there’s wide disagreement on whether to send more American ground troops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the same poll, however, about 70 percent of respondents said the next president should focus more on domestic policy than foreign policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/militarydata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"326\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2016/05/05/4-u-s-military-action-against-isis-policy-toward-terrorism/\" target=\"_blank\"> Pew Research poll (survey conducted April, 2016)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/milex\" target=\"_blank\"> Stockholm International Peace Research Institute\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton’s foreign policy positions are \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/feed/hillary-clinton-has-real-plan-defeat-isis-and-prevent-another-attack-brussels-heres-how/\" target=\"_blank\"> more hawkish\u003c/a> than those of President Obama, who she served under as Secretary of State until 2012. As a presidential candidate, she’s advocated for greater U.S. involvement overseas, and argues that the current administration should have acted more proactively to stop the rise of ISIS in Syria and Iraq. Clinton is in favor of increasing pressure against ISIS by intensifying air and ground military campaigns and by launching an “intelligence surge” to discredit terrorist ideologies and thwart online recruitment tactics. As a senator, Clinton backed the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, and also supported the 2009 troop surge in Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In a June \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/28/us/politics/transcript-trump-foreign-policy.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\"> campaign speech\u003c/a>, Trump described his foreign policy plan as replacing “chaos with peace,” and has adopted rhetoric that’s much more isolationist than that of his opponent. He argues that America needs to focus on defending its own border rather than borders of others countries, and has consistently claimed that he was strongly opposed to the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003 (although a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/22/donald-trump/trump-still-wrong-his-claim-opposed-iraq-war-ahead/\" target=\"_blank\">PolitiFact analysis\u003c/a> of Trump's previous statements on Iraq contradicts this claim).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-foreign-policy-speech\" target=\"_blank\"> Trump says\u003c/a> that although “war and aggression will not be my first instinct,” the U.S. should continue to invest heavily in the military to protect its status as a world superpower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has repeatedly vowed to “crush ISIS.” However, he’s remained intentionally vague on the specifics, claiming that “we must as a nation be more unpredictable.” At a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2016/07/12/trump_were_not_closing_gitmo_were_going_to_fill_it_up.html\" target=\"_blank\"> campaign rally\u003c/a>, Trump called for upping attacks against terrorists, sending more of them to U.S. military prisons like Guantanamo and expanding the use of forceful interrogation methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s been outspoken in his opposition to President Obama‘s defense and foreign policy strategies, arguing that they’ve been far too lenient with known enemies, hurt U.S. relations with allies and made America weaker. “Our foreign policy is a complete and total disaster,” he said in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-foreign-policy-speech\" target=\"_blank\"> April speech\u003c/a>. “No vision, no purpose, no direction, no strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Climate Change\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/environment.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Sheringham_Shoal_Wind_Farm_2012.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>CLIMATE CHANGE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Obama was unable to push through any domestic climate change legislation during his presidency, but his administration has continued to try and make the United States a global leader in curbing carbon emissions – even as it remains one of the world’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/science_and_impacts/science/each-countrys-share-of-co2.html#.VmDMZb8sBoE\" target=\"_blank\"> largest carbon emitter\u003c/a>. At the United Nations climate change conference in Paris last December, the administration pledged a 32 percent reduction in the nation’s carbon emissions by 2030 (from 2005 levels) – a proposal that faces staunch opposition from Republican leaders in Congress and is also being challenged in federal court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although renewable energy use is growing, America remains deeply \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=427&t=3\" target=\"_blank\">reliant on fossil fuels\u003c/a>. Coal, natural gas and oil still comprise about two-thirds of our total energy generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposals to increase alternative energy production and reduce emissions are often perceived as a threat to the economy and jobs, particularly in regions where fossil fuel production remains the backbone of the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these concerns, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/key-data-points/environment-energy-2/\" target=\"_blank\"> strong majority\u003c/a> of Americans (71 percent, according to a 2015 poll) agree that “the country should do whatever it takes to protect the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/environmentdata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/key-data-points/environment-energy-2/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Report (January, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/models/timeseries.cfm\" target=\"_blank\"> U.S. Energy Information Administration (2014)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton has an \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/climate/\" target=\"_blank\">ambitious plan\u003c/a> to combat climate change, which she calls, “an urgent threat and a defining challenge of our time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She proposes to make the U.S. a “clean energy superpower” by implementing President Obama's carbon reduction plan, cutting energy waste and oil consumption by a third and promoting the growth of renewables. She’s also pledged to oversee the installation of 500 million solar panels by the end of her first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The centerpiece of Clinton’s plan is the $60 billion “Clean Energy Challenge” - a proposed federal grant program to help states and local communities adopt clean energy policies. Much of the plan is geared towards impacting low-income communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Despite broad scientific consensus, Trump disputes the notion that climate change is caused by human activity. He’s called global warming a “hoax” and a “pseudoscience” invented by America’s global competitors to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/03/hillary-clinton/yes-donald-trump-did-call-climate-change-chinese-h/\" target=\"_blank\">stifle U.S. economic growth\u003c/a>. As spelled out in his “\u003ci>America First Energy Plan\u003c/i>,” he’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-energy-plan\" target=\"_blank\"> pledged\u003c/a> to renegotiate President Obama’s carbon reduction strategy, revive coal mining and other carbon-intensive industries and abolish what he calls the “totalitarian” Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-economic-plan-winning-the-global-competition\" target=\"_blank\">recent investigation\u003c/a> however, revealed that the candidate has had his own personal climate change concerns: he recently applied for permission to build a wall around one of his private golf courses in Ireland in order to protect it from \"global warming and its effects,” according to the permit application.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Health Care\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/drugs.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Credit:\u003ca href=\"https://www.stockmonkeys.com\" target=\"_blank\">StockMonkeys.com\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>HEALTH CARE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although the Affordable Care Act – or Obamacare as it’s known – was signed into law in 2010 and survived two major Supreme Court challenges, it’s still among the most hotly contested partisan issues in American politics. Since it went into effect in 2014, some seven million more Americans now have some form of health coverage, according to Centers for Disease Control \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/insur201508.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> estimates\u003c/a>. The fundamental disagreement, though, still rests on whether the government can or should require its citizens to have health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/healthcaredata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"322\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/03/04/opinions-on-obamacare-remain-divided-along-party-lines-as-supreme-court-hears-new-challenge/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Report (January, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/global-indicator/health-expenditure-per-capita/\" target=\"_blank\"> Kaiser Family Foundation (2012)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton has pledged to defend and build on Obamacare. Her \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/health-care/\" target=\"_blank\">health care proposal\u003c/a> focus primarily on lowering out-of-pocket expenses, reducing the cost of prescription drugs and expanding Medicaid for lower-income people. She’s also in support of tax credits for people purchasing health insurance on government exchanges, and has guaranteed that families will spend no more than 8.5 percent of their incomes on insurance premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Like much of the Republican establishment, Trump is staunchly \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/healthcare-reform\" target=\"_blank\">opposed to Obamacare\u003c/a>, and pledges to overturn it. On his campaign site, he calls the law, “an incredible economic burden” that’s resulted in “less competition and fewer choices.” He aims to restore “free market principles” by allowing people to deduct health insurance payments from their tax returns, and by removing barriers to entry for legal drug providers to lower prescription costs. Trump also claims that providing healthcare to undocumented immigrants costs $11 billion annually and that mass deportation would,“relieve healthcare cost pressure on state and local governments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Higher Education\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/graduation.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Credit:\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/whatcouldgowrong/4608963722\" target=\"_blank\"> Flickr/John Walker\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>HIGHER EDUCATION\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid the skyrocketing cost of private and public universities, student debt has reached historic highs. More Americans than ever before are attending college. That’s generally considered a good thing, but about \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2014/09/10/pf/college/student-loans/\" target=\"_blank\"> 40 million\u003c/a> of them – up from 29 million in 2008 - are currently paying off student loans. On average, borrowers are carrying $29,000 in loans (up from $23,000 in 2008). That amounts to roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/11/upshot/new-data-gives-clearer-picture-of-student-debt.html?_r=1\" target=\"_blank\">$1.2 trillion\u003c/a> in student debt, three times what it was 10 years ago. According to recent data from the U.S. Department of Education, nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/about-7-million-americans-havent-paid-federal-student-loans-in-at-least-a-year-1440175645\" target=\"_blank\">7 million Americans\u003c/a> in the past year defaulted (failed to make a payment for over a year) on their federal student loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/collegedata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"322\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/182441/americans-say-higher-education-not-affordable.aspx\" target=\"_blank\"> Gallup Poll (April, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/tuition-and-fees-and-room-and-board-over-time-1975-76-2015-16-selected-years\" target=\"_blank\"> College Board (2015)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Since winning the Democratic nomination, Clinton has adopted some of the more progressive measures proposed by her former rival Bernie Sanders. Although she did not originally, Clinton is now calling to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/07/us/politics/hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders-education.html\" target=\"_blank\"> eliminate tuition\u003c/a> at in-state public colleges and universities for families with incomes below $125,000. The plan would include federal tuition grants for states that agree to provide matching funds. While generally praised by young voters and education experts, some have criticized the plan for being light on details and unrealistic in terms of being able to get all states on board to fund it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other components of Mrs. Clinton's plan include a three-month moratorium on federal student loan repayment and the restoration of year-round Pell Grant funding, a federal program for students with financial need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said \u003ca href=\"https://www.boston.com/news/politics/2016/05/17/what-college-students-should-expect-from-donald-trump-hillary-clinton-and-bernie-sanders\" target=\"_blank\">very little\u003c/a> regarding college affordability. He’s acknowledged the rising cost of higher education and said that he wants to help people struggling with student loan debt, but has offered little in the way of specific proposals. During an April town hall event, he also suggested \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/transcript/2016/04/04/donald-trump-on-what-learned-about-political-system-delegate-battle-gop/\" target=\"_blank\">eliminating\u003c/a> the Department of Education, which is the agency responsible for federal aid and Pell Grants. In late July, Trump announced that his campaign would likely \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/politics/trackers/2016-08-09/trump-says-student-loan-plan-coming-likely-in-early-september\" target=\"_blank\">release its education plan\u003c/a> by early September.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1485310919,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":82,"wordCount":4533},"headData":{"title":"The Big Issues of the 2016 Election: Where Trump and Clinton Stand (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Big Issues of the 2016 Election: Where Trump and Clinton Stand (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2016-08-22T23:31:24.000Z","dateModified":"2017-01-25T02:21:59.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"23130 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=23130","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/08/22/election-2016-where-clinton-and-trump-stand-on-the-major-issues-interactive/","disqusTitle":"The Big Issues of the 2016 Election: Where Trump and Clinton Stand (with Lesson Plan)","path":"/lowdown/23130/election-2016-where-clinton-and-trump-stand-on-the-major-issues-interactive","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003chead>\u003cstyle>\na.specialhover:hover \nimg {\n background-color: grey;\n}\n\u003c/style>\n\u003c/head>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cb>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/b>\u003cbr>\n\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan library \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/Candidate-nine-issues-lesson-plan.docx_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">9 Issues Lesson plan (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/political_terminology.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Political terminology infographic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump share the dubious distinction of being among the \u003ca href=\"http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/americans-distaste-for-both-trump-and-clinton-is-record-breaking/\" target=\"_blank\">least popular\u003c/a> presidential nominees in recent history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They don't share much else, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 2016 Democratic and Republican presidential candidates have vastly different worldviews, with often dramatically opposing visions of the kind of nation America should be and the type of government it should have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click on issues in the grid below to learn more about what's at stake in this election and the contrasting positions of the two candidates.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"Issues\">\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Big Issues of the 2016 Election\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Climate%20Change\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23328\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/environment-e1472253769729.png\" alt=\"environment\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Criminal%20Justice\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23327\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/CriminalJustice-e1472253783578.png\" alt=\"CriminalJustice\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Abortion\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23326\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortion-e1472253798930.png\" alt=\"abortion\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#National%20Defense\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23334\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/nationaldefense-e1472253534205.png\" alt=\"nationaldefense\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Money\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright wp-image-23333 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/money-e1472253555593.png\" alt=\"money\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Immigration\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23332\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/Immigration-e1472253578957.png\" alt=\"Immigration\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Higher%20Education\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23331\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/HigherEducation-e1472253720385.png\" alt=\"Higher Education\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Health%20Care\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23330\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/Healthcare-e1472253739159.png\" alt=\"Healthcare\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca class=\"specialhover\" href=\"#Gun%20Control\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23329\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/GunControl-e1472253755463.png\" alt=\"GunControl\" width=\"200\" height=\"150\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Gun Control\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23240\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-23240\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gunshow.jpg\" alt=\"Photo Source: Wikimedia Commons\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gunshow.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gunshow-400x171.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/Houston_Gun_Show_at_the_George_R._Brown_Convention_Center.jpg\"> Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a> \u003ccite>(Wikipedia)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Gun Control\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The number of U.S. gun deaths has fallen considerably since peaking in the mid-1990s. But it still remains far higher than in any other wealthy nation in the world, as does the rate of \u003ca href=\"https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/tocta/6.Firearms.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> gun ownership.\u003c/a> And while mass shootings only make up a small percentage of total U.S. gun deaths, they occur with alarming frequency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue resurfaced in June, when a lone gunman wielding a semi-automatic rifle and a handgun singlehandedly killed 49 people at a gay nightclub in Orlando. The incident marked the deadliest mass shooting in American history, reigniting a fierce national debate over gun violence and gun control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the aftermath, Democratic leaders staged a day-long \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/06/22/483091059/demanding-action-on-gun-control-house-democrats-stage-sit-in\" target=\"_blank\"> sit-in\u003c/a> on the house floor, hoping to push legislation to broaden background checks and prevent people on the government’s “no-fly list” from purchasing firearms. Republican congressional leaders, however, denounced the action, and effectively \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/house-gop-indefinitely-delays-gun-control-votes-225234\" target=\"_blank\"> blocked a vote\u003c/a> on the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the stalemate in congress, there’s strong public support for gun control measures. In a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/06/20/politics/cnn-gun-poll/\" target=\"_blank\"> CNN poll\u003c/a> 92 percent of respondents said they supported expanded background checks, and 85 percent want the “no-fly” purchasing ban. Nevertheless, the political influence of gun rights groups, like the National Rifle Association, remains huge, effectively squashing most efforts to strengthen gun laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of the December 2015 mass shooting in San Bernardino, President Obama went around Congress and announced a series of executive actions to marginally expand background checks and crack down on illegal online gun sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/gundata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"345\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://i2.cdn.turner.com/cnn/2016/images/06/20/cnn_orc_poll_june_20.pdf\"> CNN/ORC poll (survey conducted June, 2016)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/tocta/6.Firearms.pdf\"> UNODC & Small Arms Survey\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton is pushing for what she calls \"common sense\" \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/gun-violence-prevention/\" target=\"_blank\">reforms\u003c/a>.\u003cbr>\nHer plan includes a ban on assault weapons, stricter background checks for firearm purchases and a crackdown on illegal gun traffickers. At a June campaign event in Chicago, she declared gun control a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/20160627/south-loop/hillary-clinton-delivers-keynote-at-rainbow-push-convention\" target=\"_blank\">“civil rights issue”\u003c/a> and attacked the gun lobby for preventing legislative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton has received some push-back from Democrats, including former-rival Bernie Sanders, for her proposal to make gun makers and sellers \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2015/10/26/opinions/keane-gun-liability-hillary-clinton/\" target=\"_blank\"> liable\u003c/a> for weapons that end up being used in crimes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump calls gun bans \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/second-amendment-rights\" target=\"_blank\"> “a total failure.”\u003c/a> He’s opposed to any expansion of background checks and wants concealed carry permits to be allowed all 50 states. He has also pledged to \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/01/02/politics/donald-trump-obama-guns/\" target=\"_blank\"> “un-sign”\u003c/a> President Obama's executive actions on gun control and eliminate gun-free zones in schools and on military bases. On his website, Trump states that an important way to fight crime is to “empower law-abiding gun owners to defend themselves.” He further claims that America’s failed mental health system, not gun legislation, is the real culprit behind the mass shooting dilemma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After receiving an endorsement from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/trump-nra-clinton-most-anti-gun-candidate-ever-n577711\" target=\"_blank\"> National Rifle Association\u003c/a> (NRA) in May, Trump called Clinton “the most anti-gun, anti-Second Amendment candidate to ever run for office.” And in early August, at a campaign rally in North Carolina, Trump made a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/09/politics/donald-trump-hillary-clinton-second-amendment/\" target=\"_blank\"> controversial remark\u003c/a> about his opponent that was widely interpreted as inciting violence: “If she gets to pick her judges, nothing you can do, folks. Although the Second Amendment people, maybe there is, I don't know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Abortion\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23242\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-23242\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/plannedparenthood.jpg\" alt=\"Photo Credit: Flickr/Charlotte Cooper\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/plannedparenthood.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/plannedparenthood-400x171.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Credit: \u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/cecooper/5479766813\" target=\"_blank\">Flickr/Charlotte Cooper\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>ABORTION\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s been more than 40 years since the Supreme Court's landmark \u003ci>Roe v. Wade\u003c/i> decision that protects a woman’s right to have an abortion. But Americans still remain deeply divided on the issue, particularly along religious and regional lines. In recent years, various \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/supreme-court-wont-revive-arizonas-strict-abortion-rules/2014/01/13/33feee68-7c60-11e3-95c6-0a7aa80874bc_story.html\" target=\"_blank\"> conservative states\u003c/a> in the South and Midwest have enacted laws aimed at restricting access to abortion facilities and services. However, in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/28/us/supreme-court-texas-abortion.html?_r=1\" target=\"_blank\"> major ruling \u003c/a> in June, the Supreme Court struck down a Texas law that placed steep restrictions on abortion providers. Reaching a 5-3 decision, the Court found the state’s laws placed an “undue burden” on women seeking abortions, violating their constitutional rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_23226\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-23226\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated.png\" alt=\"Sources: Pew Research Center (survey conducted March, 2016) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Abortion Surveillance Reports. *Based on legally induced abortions reported to the CDC.\" width=\"796\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated.png 796w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated-400x164.png 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/abortiondata_updated-768x315.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 796px) 100vw, 796px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/06/27/5-facts-about-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Center (survey conducted March, 2016)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/data_stats/abortion.htm\" target=\"_blank\"> Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Abortion Surveillance Reports.\u003c/a> *Based on legally induced abortions reported to the CDC.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cspan style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/span>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Throughout her career, Clinton has consistently described herself as \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/womens-rights-and-opportunity/\" target=\"_blank\"> “pro-choice.”\u003c/a> She’s fought efforts to defund Planned Parenthood, and opposed laws aimed at restricting access to safe, legal abortions. She praised the recent Supreme Court decision on Texas, and has pledged to continue working to protect \u003ci> Roe v Wade\u003c/i>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Democratic debate in March, Clinton said she would consider \u003ca href=\"http://www.cbsnews.com/news/hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders-answer-questions-about-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\"> some restrictions\u003c/a> on late-term abortions, “so long as there is an exception for the life and health of the mother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton's pick for Vice President, Tim Kaine, says he’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/07/tim-kaine-abortion-predicament-225053\" target=\"_blank\"> personally opposed\u003c/a> to abortion, but will work to uphold \u003ci> Roe v Wade.\u003c/i> Kaine has been criticized in the past by pro-choice groups for signing \u003ca href=\"http://www.prochoiceamerica.org/media/press-releases/2009/pr03302009_kaine.html\" target=\"_blank\"> \"anti-choice\"\u003c/a> bills into law as Governor of Virginia – however, since joining the Senate in 2012, he has consistently voted in line with abortion-rights advocates and the Democratic Party platform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Prior to running for office, Trump described himself as, “very pro-choice.” However, as a candidate, he’s shifted his position to one more in line with the Republican Party’s anti-abortion stance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After catching heat for suggesting that women should receive \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/3/30/11333472/trump-abortions-punishment-women\" target=\"_blank\"> “some sort of punishment\"\u003c/a> for having an abortion, his campaign back-peddled, saying that Trump believes the person performing the procedure should be held accountable, not the woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is pledging to change abortion laws by appointing pro-life judges, particularly to the Supreme Court. He also advocates allowing states to protect the rights of the unborn. He does, however, stray from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/04/21/politics/donald-trump-republican-platform-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\"> Republican platform\u003c/a> in arguing that abortion laws should contain exceptions for rape and incest, when the life of the mother is at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's running mate, Indiana Governor Mike Pence, is a vocal anti-abortion advocate, recently signing into law \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/24/politics/mike-pence-indiana-disability-abortion/\" target=\"_blank\"> broad restrictions\u003c/a> for doctors and women who seek abortions in Indiana, which already has restrictive abortion laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Immigration\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/borderwall.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/91/Border_Mexico_USA.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>IMMIGRATION\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Immigration policy is one of the most divisive issues in this election. The United States has long been a top destination for foreigners, attracting roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-states\" target=\"_blank\"> 20 percent\u003c/a> of the world’s immigrant population. The more than 41 million immigrants who live here make up roughly 13 percent of the nation’s total population. About \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/11/19/5-facts-about-illegal-immigration-in-the-u-s/\" target=\"_blank\"> 11.3 million\u003c/a> of them are undocumented: living here without legal status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although most Americans believe it's unrealistic to deport every undocumented immigrant, many support some tighter immigration restrictions. Only about a third, though, are in favor of building a U.S.-Mexican border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2016 \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/04/15/americans-views-of-immigrants-marked-by-widening-partisan-generational-divides/\" target=\"_blank\"> Pew Research poll\u003c/a> found that 75 percent of Americans say undocumented immigrants who meet certain requirements should be allowed to stay in the U.S. legally, and a majority (59 percent) say immigrants strengthen the country through their hard work and talent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/06/22/us/who-is-affected-by-supreme-court-decision-on-immigration.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\"> Supreme Court\u003c/a> upheld a lower court’s decision overturning President Obama's executive actions that would have protected nearly five million undocumented immigrants from deportation. The decision leaves federal immigration reform unresolved, an issue the next president will likely address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/immigrationdata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"345\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/04/15/americans-views-of-immigrants-marked-by-widening-partisan-generational-divides/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Center (survey conducted March, 2016 )\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-states\" target=\"_blank\">Migration Policy Institute (based on 1970-2000 decennial Census data)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton supported President Obama's executive actions to provide deportation relief to eligible undocumented immigrants. She’s vowed to go beyond Obama's short-term measures and fight for \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/immigration-reform/\" target=\"_blank\"> comprehensive immigration reform\u003c/a> that includes a path to citizenship. She’s also proposed reducing barriers to naturalization for green card holders, closing private immigration detention centers and creating the first national \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/blogs/2016-dem-primary-live-updates-and-results/2016/04/hillary-clinton-immigrants-affairs-221873\" target=\"_blank\"> Office of Immigrant Affairs\u003c/a> to coordinate programs across federal agencies, as well as state and local governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton also supports a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/13/donald-trump/donald-trump-says-hillary-clinton-wants-let-500-pe/\" target=\"_blank\"> five-fold increase\u003c/a> -- from 10,000 to 65,000 -- in the number of Syrian refugees allowed to enter the United States. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/statements/2015/12/15/comprehensive-plan-to-bolster-homeland-security/\" target=\"_blank\"> she maintains\u003c/a> that the U.S. would have to, “be vigilant in screening and vetting refugees from Syria” - a \u003ca href=\"http://time.com/4116619/syrian-refugees-screening-process/\" target=\"_blank\"> multi-step process\u003c/a> that currently takes 18 to 24 months to complete. She’s consistently criticized \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/14/us/politics/donald-trump-hillary-clinton-speeches.html\" target=\"_blank\"> Trump's plan\u003c/a> to ban Muslim immigration as discriminatory and counterproductive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump has made \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/immigration-reform\" target=\"_blank\"> tough immigration policy\u003c/a> one of the cornerstones of his campaign. From the beginning of his campaign, he's promised to deport all 11.3 million undocumented immigrants, consistently accusing them of stealing jobs from U.S. citizens, straining public resources and jeopardizing national security. A key part of his plan is building a U.S.-Mexico border wall, and making Mexico foot the estimated $10 billion bill. At a press conference announcing his run for president last year, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2015/06/16/full-text-donald-trump-announces-a-presidential-bid/#annotations:7472552\" target=\"_blank\"> infamously said\u003c/a>: “When Mexico sends its people, they're not sending their best ... They're bringing drugs. They're bringing crime. They're rapists. And some, I assume, are good people.” His plans also include tripling the number of immigration enforcement officers and ending the constitutional guarantee of birthright citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although Trump had hinted at the possibility of softening his hard-line stance on removing all undocumented immigrants -- and even arranged a surprise meeting in late August with Mexico's president -- the candidate recently outlined a\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/donald-trumps-10-point-immigration-plan/\" target=\"_blank\"> 10-point immigration plan\u003c/a>, reiterating his intention to crack down on illegal immigration, build a wall and even set new historically low caps on legal immigration. Although he shelved his initial pledge to hunt down and deport all 11 million undocumented immigrants, he didn't say he was taking the idea off the table.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Criminal Justice\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/prisoncell.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c2/Alcatraz_prison_cell_(pfnatic).JPG\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>CRIMINAL JUSTICE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The United States has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world. About \u003ca href=\"http://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2016.html\" target=\"_blank\">2.3 million\u003c/a> people are currently behind bars, or roughly 716 for every 100,000 people. The huge prison population is the result of decades of harsh sentencing policies and steep penalties for non-violent drug offenses. Because of the system’s astronomical costs and the stark racial disparities of those impacted, prison reform is actually one of the few issues in which Republicans and Democrats have found some common ground. Although strategies differ, both parties agree that it’s necessary to end mass incarceration, and reduce the severity of sentences for low-level, non-violent offenders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the wake of recent high-profile police shootings and the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement, both parties have also been forced to confront issues on policing and race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/prisondata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"359\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewtrusts.org/~/media/assets/2012/03/30/pew_nationalsurveyresearchpaper_final.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Prison Policy Initiative: \"Public Opinion on Sentencing & Corrections Policy in America\" (March 2012)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.prisonstudies.org/highest-to-lowest/prison-population-total\" target=\"_blank\"> World Prison Brief - Institute for Criminal Policy Research (2013)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton has worked hard to try to distance herself from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.salon.com/2016/05/07/its_worse_than_just_the_1994_crime_bill_the_clintons_criminal_justice_and_the_damage_of_90s_crime_politics/\" target=\"_blank\"> criminal justice policies\u003c/a> implemented during her husband's administration. In 1994, President Bill Clinton signed into law a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/billfs.txt\" target=\"_blank\"> sweeping crime bill\u003c/a> that some blame for the drastic spike in the nation’s prison population. Hillary Clinton has \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/criminal-justice-reform/\" target=\"_blank\"> pledged to reverse\u003c/a> many of those policies, vowing to end mass incarceration and close private prisons. She also plans to reform mandatory minimum sentencing for non-violent offenders and redirect federal enforcement resources away from the War on Drugs and towards combating violent crime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She supports police body cameras and says she would provide federal matching funds to allow state and local police departments to implement emerging technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the primary elections, Clinton met with members of the Black Lives Matter movement, and following a series of high-profile police shootings in early July, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/HillaryClinton/status/751133678269587456\" target=\"_blank\">tweeted:\u003c/a> “Alton Sterling Matters. Philando Castile Matters. Black Lives Matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump hasn’t released any formal positions on criminal justice and has \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2016/5/25/11737264/donald-trump-criminal-justice-republican-president\" target=\"_blank\"> yet to clearly outline\u003c/a> how he’d specifically address the issue. He’s repeatedly promised to be \u003ca href=\"http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/donald-trump-restore-law-order-week-police-involved/story?id=40429817\" target=\"_blank\"> tough on crime\u003c/a> and \"restore law and order.\" He also claims that \u003ca href=\"http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/watch/trump-police-are-mistreated-misunderstood-617933379521\" target=\"_blank\"> police are often\u003c/a> “mistreated and misunderstood,” and says that the nation’s “racial tensions have gotten worse, not better.” Recently, Trump has noted the level of crime and poverty in many inner-city communities, claiming that unlike Democratic leaders, he would make conditions better. In a \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/08/19/politics/donald-trump-african-american-voters/\" target=\"_blank\">speech in August\u003c/a> he appealed to black voters, asking: \"What the hell do you have to lose?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Money\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/bills.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Money_Cash.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>MONEY\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The economy is officially rebounding from the depths of the 2008 recession, and employment rates continue to rise. However, with the continuing loss of manufacturing jobs, wages have remained stagnant for millions of Americans, a factor that’s contributed to a shrinking middle class and growing gap between rich and poor. Wealth inequality in the U.S. is now at near record highs, with about 90 percent of wealth owned by the top .1 percent of families, according to recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/nov/13/us-wealth-inequality-top-01-worth-as-much-as-the-bottom-90\" target=\"_blank\"> economic research\u003c/a>. Such frustrations have become a key focus in this year’s presidential race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to public pressure, a number of states have recently raised their minimum wages, even as the federal minimum wage has been stuck at $7.25 since 2009.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trade agreements have also emerged as a hot-button issue this election. The \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/07/29/the-trans-pacific-partnership-explained/\" target=\"_blank\"> Trans-Pacific Partnership\u003c/a>, a trade deal among the Pacific Rim countries, ruffled feathers at both the Republican and Democratic conventions. The agreement, backed by President Obama, would lower tariffs on imports and exports for the nations involved. However, critics, including some prominent Republicans and Democrats, argue the deal would hurt U.S. workers and send more jobs overseas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/wealthdata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/182987/americans-continue-say-wealth-distribution-unfair.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Gallup Poll Series (survey conducted April, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.dol.gov/general/topic/wages/minimumwage\" target=\"_blank\"> United States Department of Labor (2012)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Since becoming the Democratic nominee, Clinton has adopted some of Bernie Sanders’ more left-leaning positions on income inequality, and made the issue a more \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/factsheets/2015/12/08/ending-inversions-and-investing-in-america/\" target=\"_blank\"> central part\u003c/a> of her campaign. She’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/factsheets/2016/06/22/stronger-together-hillary-clintons-plan-for-an-economy-that-works-for-everyone-not-just-those-at-the-top/\" target=\"_blank\"> pledged to\u003c/a> \"make the economy work for everyone, not just those at the top\" through an ambitious plan that includes job creation, slashing corporate loopholes and raising the minimum wage (although not as high as the $15 per hour target set in the Democratic Party platform).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinton's \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/briefing/factsheets/2016/05/25/hillary-clinton-will-make-the-boldest-investments-in-our-infrastructure-since-eisenhower-built-the-interstate-highway-system-donald-trump-will-build-a-wall/\" target=\"_blank\"> jobs plan\u003c/a>, which calls for \"the boldest investment ... since Eisenhower built the Interstate Highway System,\" is mainly focused on the nation's transportation, technology and energy sectors. To fund her plan, \u003ca href=\"http://finance.yahoo.com/news/conventional-tax-proposals-unconventional-us-082939987.html;_ylt=AwrBT9rgKrtXNcgANFJXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTEyNnQ4cHI3BGNvbG8DYmYxBHBvcwMxBHZ0aWQDVUkyQzNfMQRzZWMDc3I-\" target=\"_blank\"> Clinton proposes\u003c/a> raising taxes on the rich, including a minimum 30 percent tax rate for those making more than $1 million a year, and a 4 percent surcharge for incomes over $5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The TPP became a deeply divisive issue leading up to the Democratic National Convention in July. Clinton's former rival, Bernie Sanders, led a \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/07/09/sanders-loses-on-trade-at-democratic-platform-meeting/\" target=\"_blank\"> failed campaign\u003c/a> to strike support for the TPP from the Democratic Party platform. Clinton supported the trade deal as a senator, but has reversed her stance amid criticism from Sanders supporters and labor leaders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Trump unveiled his \u003ci> \"America First\" \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-economic-plan-winning-the-global-competition\" target=\"_blank\"> economic plan\u003c/a> in early August, in his first comprehensive policy address on the issue. The proposal includes ways to simplify the tax code, increase trade enforcement with China and strike down federal agency regulations – which he describes as “the anchor dragging us down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s initial tax reform plan released last September proposed broad relief for the middle class and \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/donald-trump-says-wealthy-may-see-tax-increase-1462741116\" target=\"_blank\"> closing loophole\u003c/a> for the rich. However, in response to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politico.com/story/2016/05/donald-trump-taxes-tax-reform-223041\" target=\"_blank\"> criticism\u003c/a> that the plan would greatly expand the federal deficit, his campaign has released a revised \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/09/us/politics/donald-trump-economy-speech.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\"> three-tier tax plan.\u003c/a> More in line with the Republican Party platform, the current proposal would cut top income tax rates from nearly 40 percent to 33 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has consistently appealed to \u003ca href=\"http://fortune.com/2016/08/08/donald-trump-corporate-tax/\" target=\"_blank\"> big business\u003c/a>, pledging to slash the top tax rate on corporations by more than half. Additionally, he wants to abolish the estate tax (which Republicans derisively call the “Death Tax) and make inheritance money tax-free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the primaries, Trump advocated strongly against raising the federal minimum wage, but has since \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/fact-checker/wp/2016/08/03/a-guide-to-all-of-donald-trumps-flip-flops-on-the-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\"> shifted his position\u003c/a>. More recently, he has suggested it \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/27/politics/donald-trump-minimum-wage/\" target=\"_blank\"> should be increased\u003c/a> to \"at least $10,\" but thinks it’s an issue best left to the states, not the federal government, to decide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is also \u003ca href=\"http://www.cnn.com/2016/06/28/politics/donald-trump-special-interests-rape-our-country/\" target=\"_blank\"> strongly oppose\u003c/a> to the TPP, calling it “another disaster done and pushed by special interests who want to rape our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"National Defense\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/military.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Helicopter_Extraction-Tal_Afar_Iraq.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"> Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>NATIONAL DEFENSE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In reaction to the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS) and recent attacks at home and abroad, global terrorism has reemerged as a major issue in this election. A majority of Americans continue to approve of U.S. military campaigns against ISIS in Iraq and Syria, according to a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2016/05/05/4-u-s-military-action-against-isis-policy-toward-terrorism/\" target=\"_blank\"> Pew Research poll\u003c/a>, although there’s wide disagreement on whether to send more American ground troops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the same poll, however, about 70 percent of respondents said the next president should focus more on domestic policy than foreign policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/militarydata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"326\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.people-press.org/2016/05/05/4-u-s-military-action-against-isis-policy-toward-terrorism/\" target=\"_blank\"> Pew Research poll (survey conducted April, 2016)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/milex\" target=\"_blank\"> Stockholm International Peace Research Institute\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton’s foreign policy positions are \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/feed/hillary-clinton-has-real-plan-defeat-isis-and-prevent-another-attack-brussels-heres-how/\" target=\"_blank\"> more hawkish\u003c/a> than those of President Obama, who she served under as Secretary of State until 2012. As a presidential candidate, she’s advocated for greater U.S. involvement overseas, and argues that the current administration should have acted more proactively to stop the rise of ISIS in Syria and Iraq. Clinton is in favor of increasing pressure against ISIS by intensifying air and ground military campaigns and by launching an “intelligence surge” to discredit terrorist ideologies and thwart online recruitment tactics. As a senator, Clinton backed the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003, and also supported the 2009 troop surge in Afghanistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In a June \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/28/us/politics/transcript-trump-foreign-policy.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\"> campaign speech\u003c/a>, Trump described his foreign policy plan as replacing “chaos with peace,” and has adopted rhetoric that’s much more isolationist than that of his opponent. He argues that America needs to focus on defending its own border rather than borders of others countries, and has consistently claimed that he was strongly opposed to the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003 (although a \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/22/donald-trump/trump-still-wrong-his-claim-opposed-iraq-war-ahead/\" target=\"_blank\">PolitiFact analysis\u003c/a> of Trump's previous statements on Iraq contradicts this claim).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-foreign-policy-speech\" target=\"_blank\"> Trump says\u003c/a> that although “war and aggression will not be my first instinct,” the U.S. should continue to invest heavily in the military to protect its status as a world superpower.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has repeatedly vowed to “crush ISIS.” However, he’s remained intentionally vague on the specifics, claiming that “we must as a nation be more unpredictable.” At a recent \u003ca href=\"http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2016/07/12/trump_were_not_closing_gitmo_were_going_to_fill_it_up.html\" target=\"_blank\"> campaign rally\u003c/a>, Trump called for upping attacks against terrorists, sending more of them to U.S. military prisons like Guantanamo and expanding the use of forceful interrogation methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s been outspoken in his opposition to President Obama‘s defense and foreign policy strategies, arguing that they’ve been far too lenient with known enemies, hurt U.S. relations with allies and made America weaker. “Our foreign policy is a complete and total disaster,” he said in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-foreign-policy-speech\" target=\"_blank\"> April speech\u003c/a>. “No vision, no purpose, no direction, no strategy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Climate Change\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/environment.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Source: \u003ca href=\"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Sheringham_Shoal_Wind_Farm_2012.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikimedia Commons\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>CLIMATE CHANGE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Obama was unable to push through any domestic climate change legislation during his presidency, but his administration has continued to try and make the United States a global leader in curbing carbon emissions – even as it remains one of the world’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/science_and_impacts/science/each-countrys-share-of-co2.html#.VmDMZb8sBoE\" target=\"_blank\"> largest carbon emitter\u003c/a>. At the United Nations climate change conference in Paris last December, the administration pledged a 32 percent reduction in the nation’s carbon emissions by 2030 (from 2005 levels) – a proposal that faces staunch opposition from Republican leaders in Congress and is also being challenged in federal court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although renewable energy use is growing, America remains deeply \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=427&t=3\" target=\"_blank\">reliant on fossil fuels\u003c/a>. Coal, natural gas and oil still comprise about two-thirds of our total energy generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposals to increase alternative energy production and reduce emissions are often perceived as a threat to the economy and jobs, particularly in regions where fossil fuel production remains the backbone of the local economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite these concerns, a \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/key-data-points/environment-energy-2/\" target=\"_blank\"> strong majority\u003c/a> of Americans (71 percent, according to a 2015 poll) agree that “the country should do whatever it takes to protect the environment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/environmentdata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"331\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/key-data-points/environment-energy-2/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Report (January, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/tools/models/timeseries.cfm\" target=\"_blank\"> U.S. Energy Information Administration (2014)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton has an \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/climate/\" target=\"_blank\">ambitious plan\u003c/a> to combat climate change, which she calls, “an urgent threat and a defining challenge of our time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She proposes to make the U.S. a “clean energy superpower” by implementing President Obama's carbon reduction plan, cutting energy waste and oil consumption by a third and promoting the growth of renewables. She’s also pledged to oversee the installation of 500 million solar panels by the end of her first term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The centerpiece of Clinton’s plan is the $60 billion “Clean Energy Challenge” - a proposed federal grant program to help states and local communities adopt clean energy policies. Much of the plan is geared towards impacting low-income communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Despite broad scientific consensus, Trump disputes the notion that climate change is caused by human activity. He’s called global warming a “hoax” and a “pseudoscience” invented by America’s global competitors to \u003ca href=\"http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/jun/03/hillary-clinton/yes-donald-trump-did-call-climate-change-chinese-h/\" target=\"_blank\">stifle U.S. economic growth\u003c/a>. As spelled out in his “\u003ci>America First Energy Plan\u003c/i>,” he’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-energy-plan\" target=\"_blank\"> pledged\u003c/a> to renegotiate President Obama’s carbon reduction strategy, revive coal mining and other carbon-intensive industries and abolish what he calls the “totalitarian” Environmental Protection Agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-economic-plan-winning-the-global-competition\" target=\"_blank\">recent investigation\u003c/a> however, revealed that the candidate has had his own personal climate change concerns: he recently applied for permission to build a wall around one of his private golf courses in Ireland in order to protect it from \"global warming and its effects,” according to the permit application.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Health Care\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/drugs.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Credit:\u003ca href=\"https://www.stockmonkeys.com\" target=\"_blank\">StockMonkeys.com\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>HEALTH CARE\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Although the Affordable Care Act – or Obamacare as it’s known – was signed into law in 2010 and survived two major Supreme Court challenges, it’s still among the most hotly contested partisan issues in American politics. Since it went into effect in 2014, some seven million more Americans now have some form of health coverage, according to Centers for Disease Control \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhis/earlyrelease/insur201508.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"> estimates\u003c/a>. The fundamental disagreement, though, still rests on whether the government can or should require its citizens to have health insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/healthcaredata_updated.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"322\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2015/03/04/opinions-on-obamacare-remain-divided-along-party-lines-as-supreme-court-hears-new-challenge/\" target=\"_blank\">Pew Research Report (January, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://kff.org/global-indicator/health-expenditure-per-capita/\" target=\"_blank\"> Kaiser Family Foundation (2012)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Clinton has pledged to defend and build on Obamacare. Her \u003ca href=\"https://www.hillaryclinton.com/issues/health-care/\" target=\"_blank\">health care proposal\u003c/a> focus primarily on lowering out-of-pocket expenses, reducing the cost of prescription drugs and expanding Medicaid for lower-income people. She’s also in support of tax credits for people purchasing health insurance on government exchanges, and has guaranteed that families will spend no more than 8.5 percent of their incomes on insurance premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Like much of the Republican establishment, Trump is staunchly \u003ca href=\"https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/healthcare-reform\" target=\"_blank\">opposed to Obamacare\u003c/a>, and pledges to overturn it. On his campaign site, he calls the law, “an incredible economic burden” that’s resulted in “less competition and fewer choices.” He aims to restore “free market principles” by allowing people to deduct health insurance payments from their tax returns, and by removing barriers to entry for legal drug providers to lower prescription costs. Trump also claims that providing healthcare to undocumented immigrants costs $11 billion annually and that mass deportation would,“relieve healthcare cost pressure on state and local governments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch1 id=\"Higher Education\">\u003c/h1>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/graduation.jpg\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo Credit:\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/whatcouldgowrong/4608963722\" target=\"_blank\"> Flickr/John Walker\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>HIGHER EDUCATION\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Amid the skyrocketing cost of private and public universities, student debt has reached historic highs. More Americans than ever before are attending college. That’s generally considered a good thing, but about \u003ca href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2014/09/10/pf/college/student-loans/\" target=\"_blank\"> 40 million\u003c/a> of them – up from 29 million in 2008 - are currently paying off student loans. On average, borrowers are carrying $29,000 in loans (up from $23,000 in 2008). That amounts to roughly \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/11/upshot/new-data-gives-clearer-picture-of-student-debt.html?_r=1\" target=\"_blank\">$1.2 trillion\u003c/a> in student debt, three times what it was 10 years ago. According to recent data from the U.S. Department of Education, nearly \u003ca href=\"http://www.wsj.com/articles/about-7-million-americans-havent-paid-federal-student-loans-in-at-least-a-year-1440175645\" target=\"_blank\">7 million Americans\u003c/a> in the past year defaulted (failed to make a payment for over a year) on their federal student loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 796px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/08/collegedata.png\" width=\"796\" height=\"322\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sources: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/182441/americans-say-higher-education-not-affordable.aspx\" target=\"_blank\"> Gallup Poll (April, 2015)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/tuition-and-fees-and-room-and-board-over-time-1975-76-2015-16-selected-years\" target=\"_blank\"> College Board (2015)\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: blue;\">Hillary Clinton\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Since winning the Democratic nomination, Clinton has adopted some of the more progressive measures proposed by her former rival Bernie Sanders. Although she did not originally, Clinton is now calling to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/07/us/politics/hillary-clinton-bernie-sanders-education.html\" target=\"_blank\"> eliminate tuition\u003c/a> at in-state public colleges and universities for families with incomes below $125,000. The plan would include federal tuition grants for states that agree to provide matching funds. While generally praised by young voters and education experts, some have criticized the plan for being light on details and unrealistic in terms of being able to get all states on board to fund it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other components of Mrs. Clinton's plan include a three-month moratorium on federal student loan repayment and the restoration of year-round Pell Grant funding, a federal program for students with financial need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 style=\"color: red;\">Donald Trump\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has said \u003ca href=\"https://www.boston.com/news/politics/2016/05/17/what-college-students-should-expect-from-donald-trump-hillary-clinton-and-bernie-sanders\" target=\"_blank\">very little\u003c/a> regarding college affordability. He’s acknowledged the rising cost of higher education and said that he wants to help people struggling with student loan debt, but has offered little in the way of specific proposals. During an April town hall event, he also suggested \u003ca href=\"http://www.foxnews.com/transcript/2016/04/04/donald-trump-on-what-learned-about-political-system-delegate-battle-gop/\" target=\"_blank\">eliminating\u003c/a> the Department of Education, which is the agency responsible for federal aid and Pell Grants. In late July, Trump announced that his campaign would likely \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/politics/trackers/2016-08-09/trump-says-student-loan-plan-coming-likely-in-early-september\" target=\"_blank\">release its education plan\u003c/a> by early September.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"#Issues\">Back to Issues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/23130/election-2016-where-clinton-and-trump-stand-on-the-major-issues-interactive","authors":["8658","1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2498","lowdown_2399","lowdown_2392","lowdown_2391"],"tags":["lowdown_2556","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2555"],"featImg":"lowdown_23173","label":"lowdown"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this","airtime":"SUN 7:30pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/how-i-built-this","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"}},"inside-europe":{"id":"inside-europe","title":"Inside Europe","info":"Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. Download Chris’s Song of the Week plus other highlights from the broadcast. Produced by American Public Media.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-8pm, SUN 11am-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Live-From-Here-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.livefromhere.org/","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"american public media"},"link":"/radio/program/live-from-here-highlights","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1167173941","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Live-from-Here-Highlights-p921744/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/a-prairie-home-companion-highlights/rss/rss"}},"marketplace":{"id":"marketplace","title":"Marketplace","info":"Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. 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