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Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/A-Brief-History-of-Earth-Day-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: Earth Day History (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>To start, a quick quiz (keep reading for answers):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Which labor group helped fund and organize the first Earth Day celebration?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. Who made the following statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“Restoring nature to its natural state is a cause beyond party and beyond factions … It is a cause of particular concern to young Americans, because they, more than we, will wreak the grim consequences of our failure to act on programs which are needed now if we are to prevent disaster later.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Rivers on fire\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Today, our planet needs all the love it can get. From the increasingly severe impacts of climate change to rapid deforestation and species extinction, there is broad scientific consensus that we’re up against a mounting number of potentially catastrophic challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The evidence notwithstanding, many of America’s strongest environmental protections are under attack in Washington, a battle that’s grown more divisive and hyperpolitical than perhaps ever before. The Trump administration and Republican congressional leaders have demonstrated their determination to weaken or flat-out eliminate many long-standing regulations and regulatory agencies that they say kill jobs and impede economic growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For what it’s worth, though, the environmental outlook in the late 1960s wasn’t too rosy either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After decades of largely unregulated industrial and economic growth in the wake of World War II, the U.S. had managed to majorly muck up its air and water resources. Toxic effluent from factories frequently spilled into streams and rivers. Open spaces were used as dumping grounds. DDT and other synthetic chemicals contaminated natural habitats and water supplies. And air pollution from factories and belching cars left many industrial areas shrouded in thick blankets of smog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a handful of the environmental catastrophes that happened within less than three years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>November 1966\u003c/strong>: In New York City, 168 people die of respiratory-related illnesses over a three-day period due primarily to horrendously poor air quality.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 1967\u003c/strong>: Interior Department Secretary Stewart L. Udall announces the first official list of endangered wildlife species. Among the 78 species is the bald eagle, America’s national bird.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>January 1969\u003c/strong>: A blowout at an offshore oil rig near Santa Barbara caused as much as \u003ca href=\"http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/about/media/45-years-after-santa-barbara-oil-spill-looking-historic-disaster-through-technology.html\" target=\"_blank\">4.2 million gallons\u003c/a> of crude oil to spill into the Santa Barbara Channel and onto nearby beaches. It lasts for 10 straight days, becoming (at that point) the largest oil spill in American history. Today, it ranks only third, overtaken by the 1989 Exxon Valdez and 2010 Deepwater Horizon spills).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>June 1969\u003c/strong>: A particularly fetid industrial stretch of the Cuyahoga River running through Cleveland bursts into flames (seriously) when oil-soaked debris in the water is ignited by sparks from a passing train.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/nlHiaZFvcXA\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>A movement begins\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>As urban unrest and the anti-war movement ignited across the nation, environmental activism had yet to gain a strong foothold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the people really understood that in the lifetime of their children, they’re going to have destroyed the quality of the air and the water all over the world and perhaps made the globe unlivable in a half century, they’d do something about it. But this is not well understood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a quote from Sen. Gaylord Nelson, a Democrat from Wisconsin, who spearheaded a national day of awareness in the aftermath of these environmental disasters, .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we could tap into the environmental concerns of the general public and infuse the student anti-war energy into the environmental cause, we could generate a demonstration that would force the issue onto the national political agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 1969, Nelson formed a bipartisan congressional steering committee and enlisted Denis Hayes, a 25-year-old Harvard Law School dropout, to coordinate the initiative. Influenced by anti-war campus activism, Hayes sought to organize environmental teach-ins throughout the country to occur simultaneously on April 22, 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Interestingly, an independent Earth Day effort had earlier been proposed by peace activist John McConnell during a 1969 UNESCO conference in San Francisco. McConnell reserved the date of March 21, 1970 — the first day of spring — a month prior to Hayes’ event.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a limited budget and no email or internet access, Hayes and a small group of organizers mailed out thousands of appeals, recruiting an army of young volunteers to organize local events in communities and campuses across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 30, 1969, the New York Times reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rising concern about the ‘environmental crisis’ is sweeping the nation’s campuses with an intensity that may be on its way to eclipsing student discontent over the war in Vietnam.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The first Earth Day\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Interviewed in the recent PBS documentary \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/earthdays/player/\" target=\"_blank\">Earth Days\u003c/a>, Hayes recalled the sentiment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lord knows what we thought we were doing. It was wild and exciting and out of control and the sort of thing that lets you know you’ve really got something big happening … What we were trying to do was create a brand-new public consciousness that would cause the rules of the game to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, an estimated 20 million people participated in that first Earth Day, a name coined by advertising guru \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/04/22/401540530/julian-koenig-well-known-adman-named-earth-day\" target=\"_blank\">Julian Koenig\u003c/a> (father of Sarah Koenig of “Serial” podcast fame).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[\u003ca href=\"http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/topics/earthday.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Read the NY Times article\u003c/a> from April 22, 1970]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/WbwC281uzUs?list=PL3480E41AA956A42B\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a huge high adrenaline effort that in the end genuinely changed things,” Hayes said. “Before (that), there were people that opposed freeways, people that opposed clear-cutting, or people worried about pesticides, (but) they didn’t think of themselves as having anything in common. After Earth Day they were all part of an environmental movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayes’ assertions were affirmed by several national polls showing a rapid rise in the public’s concern about air and water resources. In the \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=Xaw_LEGXnLgC&pg=PA152&lpg=PA152&dq=gallup+poll+1970+air+and+water&source=bl&ots=2VWCAqHwG0&sig=cHedWfHfSGwQged_dPXyHtrbjSg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GEs1VfCRCJe3ogS7yoHIAQ&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=gallup%20poll%201970%20air%20and%20water&f=false\" target=\"_blank\">Gallup Opinion Index\u003c/a>, the percentage of respondents who considered air and water pollution a top national problem rose from 17 percent in 1969 to 53 percent by 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Earth Day the following year, an independent group launched an anti-litter public service announcement, known as the “Crying Indian,” which featured a white actor in a headdress, rowing a birch bark canoe and shedding a tear when he sees garbage strewn everywhere. Despite the ad’s culturally questionable premise, it proved enormously popular and is still considered one of the most successful public service announcements in history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/9Dmtkxm9yQY\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Unexpected allegiances\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>That brings us back to the first question of the quiz. The group most supportive of the first Earth Day organizing effort — financially and otherwise — was none other than the United Auto Workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2012/05/UAW.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1888 alignright\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"UAW\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2012/05/UAW-300x387.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>A labor union not generally thought of for championing environmental causes, the UAW donated funds for the event and turned out volunteers across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UAW President Walter Reuther pledged his union’s full support for Earth Day and for subsequent air quality legislation that the auto industry staunchly opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What good is a dollar an hour more in wages if your neighborhood is burning down?” he said. “What good is another week’s vacation if the lake you used to go to is polluted and you can’t swim in it and the kids can’t play in it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sensing a political shift, General Motors president Edward Cole soon thereafter promised “pollution-free” cars by 1980. (That didn’t pan out so well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Nixon and the golden era of environmental regulation\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Remember the mystery quote?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was said by President Richard Nixon during his 1970 State of the Union address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, that Nixon, the conservative Republican most commonly remembered for prolonging America’s involvement in Vietnam and resigning in disgrace over the Watergate scandal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nixon also oversaw the most sweeping environmental regulations in the nation’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the first Earth Day, Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"http://ceq.hss.doe.gov/\">National Environmental Policy Act\u003c/a>, which among other things, required environmental impact statements for major new building projects and developments. Nixon signed it into law on Jan. 1, 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalism had never been one of Nixon’s major political priorities, but his administration — like the UAW — recognized the shifting political tide, as public outcry and media attention to environmental issues increased. It also didn’t hurt that at the time both the House and Senate were controlled by Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within months, Nixon approved the creation of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/\">Environmental Protection Agency \u003c/a>(EPA) and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration \u003c/a>(NOAA). Later that year, he signed an extension of the Clean Air Act, requiring the newly formed EPA to create and enforce air regulations, which among other things led to the installation of catalytic converters on all cars sold in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of 1972, Nixon signed the Clean Water Act, Pesticide Control Act (which banned DDT) and Marine Mammal Protection Act. A year later, he also signed the Endangered Species Act and the Safe Water Drinking Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of these bills were approved with bipartisan support in Congress, in some instances nearly unanimously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a televised speech in 1972, Nixon said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are taking these actions not in some distant future, but now, because we know that it is now or never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental conditions in the United States began to slowly improve. Which is not to say there wasn’t strong political opposition and major lingering problems, But for a time — stretching through the Ford and Carter administrations — the pursuit of environmentalism maintained a strong bipartisan support. In the last year of his presidency, Carter even installed solar panels on the roof of the White House to promote renewable energy initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Green honeymoon ends\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The economic slowdown in the late 1970s swept in a tide of political change. In 1981, a year into his first term as president, Ronald Reagan appointed two aggressive defenders of industry to head the EPA and the Department of the Interior. As part of the “Reagan Revolution,” the administration moved rapidly to slash federal budgets, cutting the EPA’s funding by nearly half. Environmental enforcement was weakened considerably, as large swaths of public land were opened up for mining, drilling, grazing and other private uses. In a famous symbolic act, the solar panels on the White House roof were dismantled during his second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be fair, a number of significant environmental policies were advanced during Reagan’s administration, including the Superfund program to clean up hazardous waste sites, creation of wilderness areas and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/ozone/intpol/\" target=\"_blank\">Montreal Protocol\u003c/a>, an international agreement to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of substances responsible for its depletion, an effort that has been largely successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the anti-regulatory sentiment established during Reagan’s presidency took root. Efforts to strengthen the nation’s environmental protection laws grew increasingly partisan, a trend that continues today. The stream of regulatory measures approved by Nixon four decades ago would have scant chance of passing today’s Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout his populist presidential campaign, President Trump repeatedly took aim at environmental regulations, promising to roll them back and attacking them as elitist, job-killing measures that showed just how out of touch politicians were with the true concerns of ordinary Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>The benefit of tangible problems\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Organizers of the first Earth Day had a key advantage: They were tackling visible, tangible problems impacting people’s daily lives. Rivers and lakes were too polluted for kids to swim in; parks were strewn with trash; people were getting sick from foul air. The evidence was indisputable, and it made it a whole lot easier to draw clear connections between quality of life and the urgent need for strong environmental protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast, many of today’s major environmental threats, like climate change — which threaten to be even more catastrophic — remain pretty abstract to many Americans. Unless you’ve been a victim of some disaster directly related to climate change — say, your house has been destroyed because of sea-level rise — it’s harder to connect the dots. And that makes it far more challenging to convey the sense of urgency necessary to mobilize the masses and pressure lawmakers to act. The abundance of scientific evidence showing that burning fossil fuels is the key driver of climate change, and the persistent warnings by scientists and activists of impending disaster if we continue along this course, have clearly not proven effective enough to push the kind of sweeping environmental policies enacted in the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States, one of the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitters, refused to join the Kyoto Protocol, a 2005 international treaty approved by 180 nations requiring rapid cuts in emissions, and in 2010, Congress failed to pass comprehensive national climate change legislation. The U.S. did, however, sign on to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/13/world/europe/climate-change-accord-paris.html\" target=\"_blank\">landmark international climate accord in Paris in 2015\u003c/a>, in which it pledged to dramatically reduce its carbon emissions over the next decade. Environmental advocates and climate scientists generally agree that this marked a big step forward, but most say the deal doesn’t go far enough to prevent the worst impacts of catastrophic climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more on how we think about climate change, check out \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/climate-lab\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Lab\u003c/a>, a new video series from the University of California and Vox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, President Trump ran on a pledge to withdraw from the agreement entirely (although that now seems increasingly unlikely) and roll back the Obama administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/cleanpowerplan/clean-power-plan-existing-power-plants\" target=\"_blank\">regulations\u003c/a> that set the course to reach the carbon reduction goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of which begs an ominous question:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What degree of disaster is necessary to spur a new era of environmental change?\u003c/p>\n\n","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":2372,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":56},"modified":1524245146,"excerpt":"How the first Earth Day, 47 years ago, led to some of America's most sweeping environmental reforms. ","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"How the first Earth Day, 47 years ago, led to some of America's most sweeping environmental reforms. ","title":"When Rivers Caught Fire: A Brief History of Earth Day (with Lesson Plan) | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"When Rivers Caught Fire: A Brief History of Earth Day (with Lesson Plan)","datePublished":"2018-04-20T09:00:56-07:00","dateModified":"2018-04-20T10:25:46-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"when-rivers-caught-fire-a-brief-history-of-earth-day","status":"publish","customPermalink":"2014/04/18/earth-day-a-brief-history/","sticky":false,"path":"/lowdown/21839/when-rivers-caught-fire-a-brief-history-of-earth-day","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003cdiv>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large;\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300;\">Teach with the Lowdown\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-22868\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg\" width=\"340\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-400x143.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-800x286.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680-768x274.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2016/07/hands-e1469568663680.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\">Suggestions for nonfiction analysis, writing/discussion prompts and multimedia projects. Browse our lesson plan collection \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/04/A-Brief-History-of-Earth-Day-lesson-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Lesson Plan: Earth Day History (PDF)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>To start, a quick quiz (keep reading for answers):\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Which labor group helped fund and organize the first Earth Day celebration?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. Who made the following statement:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>“Restoring nature to its natural state is a cause beyond party and beyond factions … It is a cause of particular concern to young Americans, because they, more than we, will wreak the grim consequences of our failure to act on programs which are needed now if we are to prevent disaster later.”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Rivers on fire\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Today, our planet needs all the love it can get. From the increasingly severe impacts of climate change to rapid deforestation and species extinction, there is broad scientific consensus that we’re up against a mounting number of potentially catastrophic challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The evidence notwithstanding, many of America’s strongest environmental protections are under attack in Washington, a battle that’s grown more divisive and hyperpolitical than perhaps ever before. The Trump administration and Republican congressional leaders have demonstrated their determination to weaken or flat-out eliminate many long-standing regulations and regulatory agencies that they say kill jobs and impede economic growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For what it’s worth, though, the environmental outlook in the late 1960s wasn’t too rosy either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After decades of largely unregulated industrial and economic growth in the wake of World War II, the U.S. had managed to majorly muck up its air and water resources. Toxic effluent from factories frequently spilled into streams and rivers. Open spaces were used as dumping grounds. DDT and other synthetic chemicals contaminated natural habitats and water supplies. And air pollution from factories and belching cars left many industrial areas shrouded in thick blankets of smog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s a handful of the environmental catastrophes that happened within less than three years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>November 1966\u003c/strong>: In New York City, 168 people die of respiratory-related illnesses over a three-day period due primarily to horrendously poor air quality.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 1967\u003c/strong>: Interior Department Secretary Stewart L. Udall announces the first official list of endangered wildlife species. Among the 78 species is the bald eagle, America’s national bird.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>January 1969\u003c/strong>: A blowout at an offshore oil rig near Santa Barbara caused as much as \u003ca href=\"http://response.restoration.noaa.gov/about/media/45-years-after-santa-barbara-oil-spill-looking-historic-disaster-through-technology.html\" target=\"_blank\">4.2 million gallons\u003c/a> of crude oil to spill into the Santa Barbara Channel and onto nearby beaches. It lasts for 10 straight days, becoming (at that point) the largest oil spill in American history. Today, it ranks only third, overtaken by the 1989 Exxon Valdez and 2010 Deepwater Horizon spills).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>June 1969\u003c/strong>: A particularly fetid industrial stretch of the Cuyahoga River running through Cleveland bursts into flames (seriously) when oil-soaked debris in the water is ignited by sparks from a passing train.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/nlHiaZFvcXA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/nlHiaZFvcXA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch4>A movement begins\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>As urban unrest and the anti-war movement ignited across the nation, environmental activism had yet to gain a strong foothold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If the people really understood that in the lifetime of their children, they’re going to have destroyed the quality of the air and the water all over the world and perhaps made the globe unlivable in a half century, they’d do something about it. But this is not well understood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s a quote from Sen. Gaylord Nelson, a Democrat from Wisconsin, who spearheaded a national day of awareness in the aftermath of these environmental disasters, .\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we could tap into the environmental concerns of the general public and infuse the student anti-war energy into the environmental cause, we could generate a demonstration that would force the issue onto the national political agenda.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 1969, Nelson formed a bipartisan congressional steering committee and enlisted Denis Hayes, a 25-year-old Harvard Law School dropout, to coordinate the initiative. Influenced by anti-war campus activism, Hayes sought to organize environmental teach-ins throughout the country to occur simultaneously on April 22, 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Interestingly, an independent Earth Day effort had earlier been proposed by peace activist John McConnell during a 1969 UNESCO conference in San Francisco. McConnell reserved the date of March 21, 1970 — the first day of spring — a month prior to Hayes’ event.]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a limited budget and no email or internet access, Hayes and a small group of organizers mailed out thousands of appeals, recruiting an army of young volunteers to organize local events in communities and campuses across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Nov. 30, 1969, the New York Times reported:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rising concern about the ‘environmental crisis’ is sweeping the nation’s campuses with an intensity that may be on its way to eclipsing student discontent over the war in Vietnam.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>The first Earth Day\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Interviewed in the recent PBS documentary \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/earthdays/player/\" target=\"_blank\">Earth Days\u003c/a>, Hayes recalled the sentiment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lord knows what we thought we were doing. It was wild and exciting and out of control and the sort of thing that lets you know you’ve really got something big happening … What we were trying to do was create a brand-new public consciousness that would cause the rules of the game to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, an estimated 20 million people participated in that first Earth Day, a name coined by advertising guru \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2015/04/22/401540530/julian-koenig-well-known-adman-named-earth-day\" target=\"_blank\">Julian Koenig\u003c/a> (father of Sarah Koenig of “Serial” podcast fame).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[\u003ca href=\"http://graphics8.nytimes.com/packages/pdf/topics/earthday.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Read the NY Times article\u003c/a> from April 22, 1970]\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/WbwC281uzUs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/WbwC281uzUs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“It was a huge high adrenaline effort that in the end genuinely changed things,” Hayes said. “Before (that), there were people that opposed freeways, people that opposed clear-cutting, or people worried about pesticides, (but) they didn’t think of themselves as having anything in common. After Earth Day they were all part of an environmental movement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayes’ assertions were affirmed by several national polls showing a rapid rise in the public’s concern about air and water resources. In the \u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books?id=Xaw_LEGXnLgC&pg=PA152&lpg=PA152&dq=gallup+poll+1970+air+and+water&source=bl&ots=2VWCAqHwG0&sig=cHedWfHfSGwQged_dPXyHtrbjSg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=GEs1VfCRCJe3ogS7yoHIAQ&ved=0CEEQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=gallup%20poll%201970%20air%20and%20water&f=false\" target=\"_blank\">Gallup Opinion Index\u003c/a>, the percentage of respondents who considered air and water pollution a top national problem rose from 17 percent in 1969 to 53 percent by 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Earth Day the following year, an independent group launched an anti-litter public service announcement, known as the “Crying Indian,” which featured a white actor in a headdress, rowing a birch bark canoe and shedding a tear when he sees garbage strewn everywhere. Despite the ad’s culturally questionable premise, it proved enormously popular and is still considered one of the most successful public service announcements in history.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/9Dmtkxm9yQY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/9Dmtkxm9yQY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch4>Unexpected allegiances\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>That brings us back to the first question of the quiz. The group most supportive of the first Earth Day organizing effort — financially and otherwise — was none other than the United Auto Workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2012/05/UAW.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1888 alignright\" style=\"border: 0px none;\" title=\"UAW\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2012/05/UAW-300x387.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\">\u003c/a>A labor union not generally thought of for championing environmental causes, the UAW donated funds for the event and turned out volunteers across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UAW President Walter Reuther pledged his union’s full support for Earth Day and for subsequent air quality legislation that the auto industry staunchly opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What good is a dollar an hour more in wages if your neighborhood is burning down?” he said. “What good is another week’s vacation if the lake you used to go to is polluted and you can’t swim in it and the kids can’t play in it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sensing a political shift, General Motors president Edward Cole soon thereafter promised “pollution-free” cars by 1980. (That didn’t pan out so well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Nixon and the golden era of environmental regulation\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Remember the mystery quote?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was said by President Richard Nixon during his 1970 State of the Union address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, that Nixon, the conservative Republican most commonly remembered for prolonging America’s involvement in Vietnam and resigning in disgrace over the Watergate scandal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Nixon also oversaw the most sweeping environmental regulations in the nation’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the first Earth Day, Congress passed the \u003ca href=\"http://ceq.hss.doe.gov/\">National Environmental Policy Act\u003c/a>, which among other things, required environmental impact statements for major new building projects and developments. Nixon signed it into law on Jan. 1, 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalism had never been one of Nixon’s major political priorities, but his administration — like the UAW — recognized the shifting political tide, as public outcry and media attention to environmental issues increased. It also didn’t hurt that at the time both the House and Senate were controlled by Democrats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within months, Nixon approved the creation of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/\">Environmental Protection Agency \u003c/a>(EPA) and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.noaa.gov/\">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration \u003c/a>(NOAA). Later that year, he signed an extension of the Clean Air Act, requiring the newly formed EPA to create and enforce air regulations, which among other things led to the installation of catalytic converters on all cars sold in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the end of 1972, Nixon signed the Clean Water Act, Pesticide Control Act (which banned DDT) and Marine Mammal Protection Act. A year later, he also signed the Endangered Species Act and the Safe Water Drinking Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of these bills were approved with bipartisan support in Congress, in some instances nearly unanimously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a televised speech in 1972, Nixon said:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are taking these actions not in some distant future, but now, because we know that it is now or never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental conditions in the United States began to slowly improve. Which is not to say there wasn’t strong political opposition and major lingering problems, But for a time — stretching through the Ford and Carter administrations — the pursuit of environmentalism maintained a strong bipartisan support. In the last year of his presidency, Carter even installed solar panels on the roof of the White House to promote renewable energy initiatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Green honeymoon ends\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The economic slowdown in the late 1970s swept in a tide of political change. In 1981, a year into his first term as president, Ronald Reagan appointed two aggressive defenders of industry to head the EPA and the Department of the Interior. As part of the “Reagan Revolution,” the administration moved rapidly to slash federal budgets, cutting the EPA’s funding by nearly half. Environmental enforcement was weakened considerably, as large swaths of public land were opened up for mining, drilling, grazing and other private uses. In a famous symbolic act, the solar panels on the White House roof were dismantled during his second term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be fair, a number of significant environmental policies were advanced during Reagan’s administration, including the Superfund program to clean up hazardous waste sites, creation of wilderness areas and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.epa.gov/ozone/intpol/\" target=\"_blank\">Montreal Protocol\u003c/a>, an international agreement to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of substances responsible for its depletion, an effort that has been largely successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the anti-regulatory sentiment established during Reagan’s presidency took root. Efforts to strengthen the nation’s environmental protection laws grew increasingly partisan, a trend that continues today. The stream of regulatory measures approved by Nixon four decades ago would have scant chance of passing today’s Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout his populist presidential campaign, President Trump repeatedly took aim at environmental regulations, promising to roll them back and attacking them as elitist, job-killing measures that showed just how out of touch politicians were with the true concerns of ordinary Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>The benefit of tangible problems\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Organizers of the first Earth Day had a key advantage: They were tackling visible, tangible problems impacting people’s daily lives. Rivers and lakes were too polluted for kids to swim in; parks were strewn with trash; people were getting sick from foul air. The evidence was indisputable, and it made it a whole lot easier to draw clear connections between quality of life and the urgent need for strong environmental protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast, many of today’s major environmental threats, like climate change — which threaten to be even more catastrophic — remain pretty abstract to many Americans. Unless you’ve been a victim of some disaster directly related to climate change — say, your house has been destroyed because of sea-level rise — it’s harder to connect the dots. And that makes it far more challenging to convey the sense of urgency necessary to mobilize the masses and pressure lawmakers to act. The abundance of scientific evidence showing that burning fossil fuels is the key driver of climate change, and the persistent warnings by scientists and activists of impending disaster if we continue along this course, have clearly not proven effective enough to push the kind of sweeping environmental policies enacted in the 1970s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States, one of the world’s largest greenhouse gas emitters, refused to join the Kyoto Protocol, a 2005 international treaty approved by 180 nations requiring rapid cuts in emissions, and in 2010, Congress failed to pass comprehensive national climate change legislation. The U.S. did, however, sign on to \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/13/world/europe/climate-change-accord-paris.html\" target=\"_blank\">landmark international climate accord in Paris in 2015\u003c/a>, in which it pledged to dramatically reduce its carbon emissions over the next decade. Environmental advocates and climate scientists generally agree that this marked a big step forward, but most say the deal doesn’t go far enough to prevent the worst impacts of catastrophic climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more on how we think about climate change, check out \u003ca href=\"https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/climate-lab\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Lab\u003c/a>, a new video series from the University of California and Vox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, President Trump ran on a pledge to withdraw from the agreement entirely (although that now seems increasingly unlikely) and roll back the Obama administration’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/cleanpowerplan/clean-power-plan-existing-power-plants\" target=\"_blank\">regulations\u003c/a> that set the course to reach the carbon reduction goal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of which begs an ominous question:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What degree of disaster is necessary to spur a new era of environmental change?\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/21839/when-rivers-caught-fire-a-brief-history-of-earth-day","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_245","lowdown_2399","lowdown_457","lowdown_572"],"tags":["lowdown_111","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2600"],"affiliates":["lowdown_2381"],"featImg":"lowdown_26637","label":"lowdown_2381"},"lowdown_29456":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_29456","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"29456","score":null,"sort":[1515654128000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1515654128,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"How Plastic Took Over The World (and Created A Big Mess): A Brief, Disposable History","title":"How Plastic Took Over The World (and Created A Big Mess): A Brief, Disposable History","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Try to go an hour without touching something plastic. Come on, I dare you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stuff is everywhere. Think about it. Everything from your toilet seat to the electronic devices you constantly use (sometimes, it's safe to assume, while likely sitting on said toilet seat) are made of plastic. In fact, try as you might, there's not much in your day-to-day life that doesn't contain some trace of plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. McGuire in \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/eaCHH5D74Fs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Graduate\u003c/a> was on point when he told Ben: \"I just want to say one word to you. Just one word ... Plastics.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't always like this. The mass production of synthetic plastic is actually a fairly modern innovation, only emerging as a mainstream staple within the last 60 some years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Plastic\" simply means \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">pliable and easily shaped. It only recently became the name for a category of materials called polymers (\"\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">of many parts\"), which refer to long chains of molecules arranged in repeating units. There are lots of naturally occurring polymers -- many of which have long been exploited by humans -- including silk, wool, rubber and cellulose, the material that makes up the cell walls of plants. Even DNA is considered a polymer.\u003c/span> The \u003ca href=\"https://www.chemheritage.org/the-history-and-future-of-plastics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">length and shape of the molecular chains\u003c/a> makes them particularly strong, flexible and lightweight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300\">Using The Lowdown and Above the Noise in the Classroom\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-28023 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/08/hands.png\" width=\"600\" height=\"100\">\u003c/h4>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: large\">Ideas for analysis, discussion and multimedia projects. Browse our \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lesson archive here\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Read-Think-Respond:\u003c/strong> What can you individually do to reduce plastic pollution and consumption? \u003cspan style=\"font-size: medium\">\u003cem>[\u003ca href=\"#unique-identifier1\">comment here\u003c/a>]\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Youth media\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/ODPTuXbnp7s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Plastic Soup, a short student-produced video\u003c/a> on plastic pollution and what we can do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teach\u003c/strong>: An \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2018/01/Lesson-Plan_-Microfibers-2.pdf\">original lesson plan\u003c/a> on plastic pollution and \u003cem>a\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2018/01/Source-List_-Microfibers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">list of sources\u003c/a>. Also check out \u003ca href=\"https://teach.kqed.org/lessonplanunit/view/engineering-for-good-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Engineering for Good\u003c/a>, where students develop solutions for the plastic waste problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until the early 1900s that chemists began figuring out how to mimic the structures of natural polymers and create entirely synthetic ones in laboratories. Today, plastic broadly refers to any number of commonly used synthetic polymers, most of which are derived from oil or natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://learn.eartheasy.com/2012/05/plastics-by-the-numbers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click here\u003c/a> for a good rundown of the seven major types of consumer plastic, and which ones are easily recyclable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plastic has undoubtedly revolutionized society, introducing a huge amount of convenience and affordability, and allowing for the development of things like computers, cell phones and most modern medical advancements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But our obsession with it also comes at a steep cost. Although originally hailed as a miraculous innovation that could reduce a rapidly industrializing society's reliance on scarce natural resources, plastic has also created a monumental environmental mess. Worldwide, \u003ca href=\"http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/3/7/e1700782\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 400 million tons\u003c/a> o\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">f the stuff are churned out annually, generating a huge amount of waste of which less than 10 percent is recycled. The rest either ends up in landfills, where it will take an average of 500 years to decompose, or in waterways and oceans. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as this latest \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4K10PNjqgGLKA3lo5V8KdQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Above the Noise\u003c/a> episode on microfibers makes clear, that has become a mounting environmental crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/toU15Q9MAWQ\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scroll through this timeline for a brief history of how synthetic plastics emerged and came to dominate our lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"width: 100%\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1sr_v7weqxx2o3kixVYRpBL2VbBUorppCCF2rNqX9PXQ&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=800\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sources\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chemheritage.org/the-history-and-future-of-plastics\">Chemical Heritage Foundation\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books/about/Plastic.html?id=9LyGHqqIKT4C&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button#v=onepage&q&f=false\">Susan Freinkel, Plastics: A Toxic Love Story (New York: Henry Holt, 2011)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-75-years-ago-nylon-stockings-changed-world-180955219/\">Smithsonian Magazine\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6223/768\">Science Magazine\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/10/how-the-plastic-bag-became-so-popular/381065/\">The Atlantic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.newsweek.com/plastic-production-pollution-9-billion-tons-recycling-639226\">Newsweek\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"unique-identifier1\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"29456 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=29456","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2018/01/10/how-plastics-took-over-the-world-and-created-an-environmental-mess-a-brief-disposable-history/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":567,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html"],"paragraphCount":20},"modified":1642629881,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":" Try to go an hour without touching something plastic. Come on, I dare you. The stuff is everywhere. Think about it. Everything from your toilet seat to the electronic devices you constantly use (sometimes, it’s safe to assume, while likely sitting on said toilet seat) are made of plastic. In fact, try as you","title":"How Plastic Took Over The World (and Created A Big Mess): A Brief, Disposable History - The Lowdown","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Plastic Took Over The World (and Created A Big Mess): A Brief, Disposable History","datePublished":"2018-01-10T23:02:08-08:00","dateModified":"2022-01-19T14:04:41-08:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-plastics-took-over-the-world-and-created-an-environmental-mess-a-brief-disposable-history","status":"publish","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/lowdown/29456/how-plastics-took-over-the-world-and-created-an-environmental-mess-a-brief-disposable-history","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Try to go an hour without touching something plastic. Come on, I dare you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The stuff is everywhere. Think about it. Everything from your toilet seat to the electronic devices you constantly use (sometimes, it's safe to assume, while likely sitting on said toilet seat) are made of plastic. In fact, try as you might, there's not much in your day-to-day life that doesn't contain some trace of plastic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. McGuire in \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/eaCHH5D74Fs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Graduate\u003c/a> was on point when he told Ben: \"I just want to say one word to you. Just one word ... Plastics.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn't always like this. The mass production of synthetic plastic is actually a fairly modern innovation, only emerging as a mainstream staple within the last 60 some years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Plastic\" simply means \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">pliable and easily shaped. It only recently became the name for a category of materials called polymers (\"\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">of many parts\"), which refer to long chains of molecules arranged in repeating units. There are lots of naturally occurring polymers -- many of which have long been exploited by humans -- including silk, wool, rubber and cellulose, the material that makes up the cell walls of plants. Even DNA is considered a polymer.\u003c/span> The \u003ca href=\"https://www.chemheritage.org/the-history-and-future-of-plastics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">length and shape of the molecular chains\u003c/a> makes them particularly strong, flexible and lightweight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: x-large\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #993300\">Using The Lowdown and Above the Noise in the Classroom\u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-28023 alignnone\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/08/hands.png\" width=\"600\" height=\"100\">\u003c/h4>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: large\">Ideas for analysis, discussion and multimedia projects. Browse our \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/category/lesson-plans-and-guides/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">lesson archive here\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Read-Think-Respond:\u003c/strong> What can you individually do to reduce plastic pollution and consumption? \u003cspan style=\"font-size: medium\">\u003cem>[\u003ca href=\"#unique-identifier1\">comment here\u003c/a>]\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Youth media\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/ODPTuXbnp7s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Plastic Soup, a short student-produced video\u003c/a> on plastic pollution and what we can do about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teach\u003c/strong>: An \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2018/01/Lesson-Plan_-Microfibers-2.pdf\">original lesson plan\u003c/a> on plastic pollution and \u003cem>a\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2018/01/Source-List_-Microfibers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">list of sources\u003c/a>. Also check out \u003ca href=\"https://teach.kqed.org/lessonplanunit/view/engineering-for-good-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Engineering for Good\u003c/a>, where students develop solutions for the plastic waste problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until the early 1900s that chemists began figuring out how to mimic the structures of natural polymers and create entirely synthetic ones in laboratories. Today, plastic broadly refers to any number of commonly used synthetic polymers, most of which are derived from oil or natural gas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://learn.eartheasy.com/2012/05/plastics-by-the-numbers/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Click here\u003c/a> for a good rundown of the seven major types of consumer plastic, and which ones are easily recyclable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plastic has undoubtedly revolutionized society, introducing a huge amount of convenience and affordability, and allowing for the development of things like computers, cell phones and most modern medical advancements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But our obsession with it also comes at a steep cost. Although originally hailed as a miraculous innovation that could reduce a rapidly industrializing society's reliance on scarce natural resources, plastic has also created a monumental environmental mess. Worldwide, \u003ca href=\"http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/3/7/e1700782\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 400 million tons\u003c/a> o\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">f the stuff are churned out annually, generating a huge amount of waste of which less than 10 percent is recycled. The rest either ends up in landfills, where it will take an average of 500 years to decompose, or in waterways and oceans. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as this latest \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4K10PNjqgGLKA3lo5V8KdQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Above the Noise\u003c/a> episode on microfibers makes clear, that has become a mounting environmental crisis.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/toU15Q9MAWQ'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/toU15Q9MAWQ'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Scroll through this timeline for a brief history of how synthetic plastics emerged and came to dominate our lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"width: 100%\">\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1sr_v7weqxx2o3kixVYRpBL2VbBUorppCCF2rNqX9PXQ&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=800\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sources\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.chemheritage.org/the-history-and-future-of-plastics\">Chemical Heritage Foundation\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://books.google.com/books/about/Plastic.html?id=9LyGHqqIKT4C&printsec=frontcover&source=kp_read_button#v=onepage&q&f=false\">Susan Freinkel, Plastics: A Toxic Love Story (New York: Henry Holt, 2011)\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-75-years-ago-nylon-stockings-changed-world-180955219/\">Smithsonian Magazine\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6223/768\">Science Magazine\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/10/how-the-plastic-bag-became-so-popular/381065/\">The Atlantic\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.newsweek.com/plastic-production-pollution-9-billion-tons-recycling-639226\">Newsweek\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca name=\"unique-identifier1\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/29456/how-plastics-took-over-the-world-and-created-an-environmental-mess-a-brief-disposable-history","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_2399","lowdown_572"],"tags":["lowdown_2337"],"featImg":"lowdown_29485","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_28426":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_28426","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"28426","score":null,"sort":[1507775185000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1507775185,"format":"aside","disqusTitle":"MAP: Where Fires Are Still Burning in Sonoma and Napa Counties","title":"MAP: Where Fires Are Still Burning in Sonoma and Napa Counties","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5C0feQ4UWAA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The death toll from relentless wildfires in Northern California's wine country \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/14/wildfires-in-northern-california-continue-to-burn-over-weekend/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rose to at least 40\u003c/a> by Saturday, in what has become one of the deadliest and most destructive blazes in the state's history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are in this fight for the long haul,\" said Cal Fire Director Ken Pimlott at a news conference Wednesday. \"It is going to continue to get worse before it gets better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The series of firestorms that began Sunday night continues to devastate the region, even as firefighters gained more control amid calmer wind conditions. By Friday morning, the fires had already scorched \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-fires-20171013-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 200,000 acres\u003c/a>, destroying thousands of homes and businesses and leveling entire neighborhoods in the densely populated city of Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial cause of the fires still remains unclear, although authorities are investigating \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/10/10/pge-power-lines-linked-to-wine-country-fires/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">power lines downed by high winds\u003c/a> as a possible culprit. The blazes spread rapidly, fueled by the winds and dry vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had big fires in the past,” said Gov. Jerry Brown, who declared a state of emergency for the region on Monday. “This is one of the biggest, most serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Google Crisis map shows fire perimeters of currently active fires (red flame icons), based on continually updated incident reports from Cal Fire. Click the flame icon for current containment information. It also includes air quality information (colored dots). Click on the layers tab at right panel to show shelter and weather information. Zoom out for fire locations in other areas of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Go to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Fire\u003c/a> for the most up-to-date fire and evacuation information. KQED's complete list of evacuation zones is also \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/11/map-north-bay-fire-evacuation-zones/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">available here\u003c/a>].\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullWidthWrapper\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"withMargin\">\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" src=\"https://google.org/crisismap/google.com/2017-tubbs-fire?hl=en&llbox=38.8231%2C38.1944%2C-121.8534%2C-123.2047&t=ROADMAP&layers=2%2C7%2C8%3A100%2C4%3A100%2C3%3A100%2C17%2C16&embedded=true\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"28426 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=28426","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/10/11/map-where-fires-are-still-burning-in-napa-and-sonoma/","stats":{"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":295,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["https://google.org/crisismap/google.com/2017-tubbs-fire"],"paragraphCount":10},"modified":1521832951,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"","title":"MAP: Where Fires Are Still Burning in Sonoma and Napa Counties | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"MAP: Where Fires Are Still Burning in Sonoma and Napa Counties","datePublished":"2017-10-11T19:26:25-07:00","dateModified":"2018-03-23T12:22:31-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"map-where-fires-are-still-burning-in-napa-and-sonoma","status":"publish","path":"/lowdown/28426/map-where-fires-are-still-burning-in-napa-and-sonoma","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->[http_redir]\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/5C0feQ4UWAA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/5C0feQ4UWAA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The death toll from relentless wildfires in Northern California's wine country \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/14/wildfires-in-northern-california-continue-to-burn-over-weekend/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rose to at least 40\u003c/a> by Saturday, in what has become one of the deadliest and most destructive blazes in the state's history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are in this fight for the long haul,\" said Cal Fire Director Ken Pimlott at a news conference Wednesday. \"It is going to continue to get worse before it gets better.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The series of firestorms that began Sunday night continues to devastate the region, even as firefighters gained more control amid calmer wind conditions. By Friday morning, the fires had already scorched \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-fires-20171013-story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">more than 200,000 acres\u003c/a>, destroying thousands of homes and businesses and leveling entire neighborhoods in the densely populated city of Santa Rosa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initial cause of the fires still remains unclear, although authorities are investigating \u003ca href=\"http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/10/10/pge-power-lines-linked-to-wine-country-fires/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">power lines downed by high winds\u003c/a> as a possible culprit. The blazes spread rapidly, fueled by the winds and dry vegetation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had big fires in the past,” said Gov. Jerry Brown, who declared a state of emergency for the region on Monday. “This is one of the biggest, most serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Google Crisis map shows fire perimeters of currently active fires (red flame icons), based on continually updated incident reports from Cal Fire. Click the flame icon for current containment information. It also includes air quality information (colored dots). Click on the layers tab at right panel to show shelter and weather information. Zoom out for fire locations in other areas of California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Go to \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cal Fire\u003c/a> for the most up-to-date fire and evacuation information. KQED's complete list of evacuation zones is also \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/11/map-north-bay-fire-evacuation-zones/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">available here\u003c/a>].\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullWidthWrapper\">\n\u003cdiv class=\"withMargin\">\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" src=\"https://google.org/crisismap/google.com/2017-tubbs-fire?hl=en&llbox=38.8231%2C38.1944%2C-121.8534%2C-123.2047&t=ROADMAP&layers=2%2C7%2C8%3A100%2C4%3A100%2C3%3A100%2C17%2C16&embedded=true\" style=\"border: 1px solid #ccc\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/28426/map-where-fires-are-still-burning-in-napa-and-sonoma","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_572","lowdown_530"],"tags":["lowdown_2337","lowdown_2628","lowdown_2627","lowdown_2626"],"featImg":"lowdown_28455","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_27194":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_27194","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"27194","score":null,"sort":[1496448507000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1496448507,"format":"aside","disqusTitle":"Trump Just Backed Out of the Paris Climate Deal. Here's What the U.S. Is Walking Away From","title":"Trump Just Backed Out of the Paris Climate Deal. Here's What the U.S. Is Walking Away From","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\nhttps://youtu.be/MRCRiMNg_kM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump on Thursday announced plans to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris climate accord, a landmark international agreement to reduce planet-warming emissions that nearly every country in the world signed on to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're getting out,\" Trump said at a ceremony at the White House Rose Garden, a fulfillment of his long-held campaign promise to walk away from an agreement he's assailed as a bad deal for American workers and industries and one that gives other countries an edge over the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our withdrawal from the agreement represents a reassertion of American workers’ sovereignty,” he added, noting the possibility of renegotiating the deal under terms more favorable to U.S. interests. \"I was elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years before becoming president, Trump criticized the very \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/02/us/politics/climate-change-trump-hoax-scott-pruitt.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concept of climate change\u003c/a>, calling it everything from “nonexistent\" and “mythical” to a \"very expensive, hoax!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement ends months of speculation over the direction he would go in. Some of the most conservative members of his administration — namely top aide Steve Bannon and head of the Environmental Protection Agency, Scott Pruitt -- had advocated strongly for walking away from the deal. More recently, though, a number of influential advisers, including his son-in-law Jared Kushner and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (the former head of Exxon Mobil) -- had lobbied for staying the course, in part to avoid likely diplomatic blowback. So too had a host of major corporations, including several energy industry giants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the U.S. withdrawal sent shock waves around the country and the world, prompting scores of foreign leaders and U.S. city and state officials doubled down on their commitment to reducing carbon emissions. Per the terms of the agreement, the U.S. will likely withdraw over a 3-year period, which means it won't officially exit until, coincidentally, a day after the next presidential election. It will then join Syria and Nicaragua as the only three countries not involved in the pact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Key goals of the deal\u003c/strong> (from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35084374\">BBC\u003c/a>)\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Curb the rise (\"peak\") in global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) as soon as possible and by the second half of this century establish a balance between GHG sources and \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/32354-what-is-a-carbon-sink.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sinks\u003c/a> (natural systems that suck up GHGs in the atmosphere and and store them).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep global temperature increase \"well below\" 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) and continue to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Review progress every five years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wealthy nations commit to spending $100 billion a year, by 2020, to finance climate initiatives in developing nations, with a commitment to continue financing in the future.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In December 2015, representatives of 195 nations agreed to limit greenhouse gas emissions by a set amount over a specified time period, with the overall goal of preventing global average surface temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-Industrial Revolution temperatures (when we started burning large amounts of fossil fuels). Anything beyond that would likely result in irreversible, catastrophic environmental consequences throughout the world, including rapid sea level rise and devastating floods and drought, according to a broad scientific consensus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United Nations conference on climate change, or \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21paris.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COP21\u003c/a> (Conference of Parties), followed nearly 20 years of mostly failed efforts. The deal also includes pledges from the world's wealthiest nations and largest emitters to raise billions each year to help poor countries build more sustainable economies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_27221\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-27221\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-1020x757.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-1020x757.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-160x119.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-800x594.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-768x570.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-1180x876.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-960x713.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-240x178.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-375x278.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-520x386.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Historical emissions\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration, which took a lead role in brokering the Paris accord, committed the U.S. to reducing emissions by at least 26 percent of 2005 levels over the next decade, and offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/15/us/politics/obama-climate-change-fund-3-billion-announcement.html\">$3 billion in aid \u003c/a>for poorer countries by 2020. Although it makes up less than 5 percent of the world's population, the U.S. is second only to China in greenhouse gas emissions, and historically, the largest contributor to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In cumulative terms, we certainly own this problem more than anybody else does,\" David G. Victor, director of the Laboratory on International Law and Regulation,\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/01/climate/us-biggest-carbon-polluter-in-history-will-it-walk-away-from-the-paris-climate-deal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> told The New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's why Trump's decision to renege on America's commitment to reducing emissions has dealt such a harsh blow to a deal that many world leaders consider the last, best international opportunity to avoid the most destructive impacts of a changing climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visualization below was created by \u003ca href=\"http://duncanclark.net\">Duncan Clark\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://bosker.wordpress.com\">Robin Houston \u003c/a>of the the design \u003ca href=\"http://kiln.it\">Kiln\u003c/a>. It uses a distorted interactive map to show how much each nation has contributed to carbon emissions and how vulnerable each is to its impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/\" height=\"700\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"27194 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=27194","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/06/02/trump-just-backed-the-u-s-out-of-the-paris-climate-accord-this-is-what-were-walking-away-from/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":800,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map","https://www.carbonmap.org/"],"paragraphCount":15},"modified":1496707653,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"","title":"Trump Just Backed Out of the Paris Climate Deal. Here's What the U.S. Is Walking Away From | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Trump Just Backed Out of the Paris Climate Deal. Here's What the U.S. Is Walking Away From","datePublished":"2017-06-02T17:08:27-07:00","dateModified":"2017-06-05T17:07:33-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"trump-just-backed-the-u-s-out-of-the-paris-climate-accord-this-is-what-were-walking-away-from","status":"publish","path":"/lowdown/27194/trump-just-backed-the-u-s-out-of-the-paris-climate-accord-this-is-what-were-walking-away-from","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003cbr>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/MRCRiMNg_kM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/MRCRiMNg_kM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump on Thursday announced plans to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris climate accord, a landmark international agreement to reduce planet-warming emissions that nearly every country in the world signed on to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're getting out,\" Trump said at a ceremony at the White House Rose Garden, a fulfillment of his long-held campaign promise to walk away from an agreement he's assailed as a bad deal for American workers and industries and one that gives other countries an edge over the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our withdrawal from the agreement represents a reassertion of American workers’ sovereignty,” he added, noting the possibility of renegotiating the deal under terms more favorable to U.S. interests. \"I was elected to represent the citizens of Pittsburgh, not Paris.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years before becoming president, Trump criticized the very \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/02/us/politics/climate-change-trump-hoax-scott-pruitt.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">concept of climate change\u003c/a>, calling it everything from “nonexistent\" and “mythical” to a \"very expensive, hoax!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement ends months of speculation over the direction he would go in. Some of the most conservative members of his administration — namely top aide Steve Bannon and head of the Environmental Protection Agency, Scott Pruitt -- had advocated strongly for walking away from the deal. More recently, though, a number of influential advisers, including his son-in-law Jared Kushner and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (the former head of Exxon Mobil) -- had lobbied for staying the course, in part to avoid likely diplomatic blowback. So too had a host of major corporations, including several energy industry giants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the U.S. withdrawal sent shock waves around the country and the world, prompting scores of foreign leaders and U.S. city and state officials doubled down on their commitment to reducing carbon emissions. Per the terms of the agreement, the U.S. will likely withdraw over a 3-year period, which means it won't officially exit until, coincidentally, a day after the next presidential election. It will then join Syria and Nicaragua as the only three countries not involved in the pact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Key goals of the deal\u003c/strong> (from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35084374\">BBC\u003c/a>)\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Curb the rise (\"peak\") in global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) as soon as possible and by the second half of this century establish a balance between GHG sources and \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/32354-what-is-a-carbon-sink.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sinks\u003c/a> (natural systems that suck up GHGs in the atmosphere and and store them).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep global temperature increase \"well below\" 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) and continue to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Review progress every five years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wealthy nations commit to spending $100 billion a year, by 2020, to finance climate initiatives in developing nations, with a commitment to continue financing in the future.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In December 2015, representatives of 195 nations agreed to limit greenhouse gas emissions by a set amount over a specified time period, with the overall goal of preventing global average surface temperatures from rising more than 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-Industrial Revolution temperatures (when we started burning large amounts of fossil fuels). Anything beyond that would likely result in irreversible, catastrophic environmental consequences throughout the world, including rapid sea level rise and devastating floods and drought, according to a broad scientific consensus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United Nations conference on climate change, or \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21paris.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COP21\u003c/a> (Conference of Parties), followed nearly 20 years of mostly failed efforts. The deal also includes pledges from the world's wealthiest nations and largest emitters to raise billions each year to help poor countries build more sustainable economies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_27221\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions.png\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-27221\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-1020x757.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"475\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-1020x757.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-160x119.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-800x594.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-768x570.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-1180x876.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-960x713.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-240x178.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-375x278.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions-520x386.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/06/historical_emissions.png 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Historical emissions\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Obama administration, which took a lead role in brokering the Paris accord, committed the U.S. to reducing emissions by at least 26 percent of 2005 levels over the next decade, and offering \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/15/us/politics/obama-climate-change-fund-3-billion-announcement.html\">$3 billion in aid \u003c/a>for poorer countries by 2020. Although it makes up less than 5 percent of the world's population, the U.S. is second only to China in greenhouse gas emissions, and historically, the largest contributor to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"In cumulative terms, we certainly own this problem more than anybody else does,\" David G. Victor, director of the Laboratory on International Law and Regulation,\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/06/01/climate/us-biggest-carbon-polluter-in-history-will-it-walk-away-from-the-paris-climate-deal.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> told The New York Times\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that's why Trump's decision to renege on America's commitment to reducing emissions has dealt such a harsh blow to a deal that many world leaders consider the last, best international opportunity to avoid the most destructive impacts of a changing climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visualization below was created by \u003ca href=\"http://duncanclark.net\">Duncan Clark\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://bosker.wordpress.com\">Robin Houston \u003c/a>of the the design \u003ca href=\"http://kiln.it\">Kiln\u003c/a>. It uses a distorted interactive map to show how much each nation has contributed to carbon emissions and how vulnerable each is to its impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/\" height=\"700\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/27194/trump-just-backed-the-u-s-out-of-the-paris-climate-accord-this-is-what-were-walking-away-from","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_509","lowdown_242","lowdown_457","lowdown_572","lowdown_243"],"tags":["lowdown_394","lowdown_2337"],"featImg":"lowdown_26662","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_26657":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_26657","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"26657","score":null,"sort":[1492757407000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1492757407,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"INTERACTIVE: The Paris Climate Accord, Explained?","title":"INTERACTIVE: The Paris Climate Accord, Explained?","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c!--more-->On the campaign trail last May, then-candidate Donald Trump declared: \"We're going to cancel the Paris climate agreement ... and stop all payments of the United States tax dollars to U.N. global warming programs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As president, however, Trump now appears less determined to pull the U.S. out of the landmark 2015 international agreement that committed nearly every nation in the world to reduce planet-warming emissions. Contrary to his earlier statement, he doesn't have the power to \"cancel\" the multilateral U.N. accord, but could substantially weaken it by withdrawing the U.S., which is the world's largest economy and one of the biggest greenhouse gas emitters.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the deal, the U.S. promised to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 26 percent of 2005 levels within a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most conservative members of his administration -- namely Steve Bannon and Scott Pruitt, head of the Environmental Protection Agency, still advocate walking away from the deal. But Trump's hesitation has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/18/us/politics/trump-advisers-paris-climate-accord.html\" target=\"_blank\">grown recently\u003c/a> as a number of his closest advisors, including son-in-law Jared Kushner and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (the former head of Exxon Mobil), have urged him to stay the course in order to avoid diplomatic blowback. A host of major corporations, including several oil giants, have also endorsed the pact. The administration is expected to make a final decision at the end of May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if Trump chooses to remain in the accord, it's highly unlikely his administration would adhere to the ambitious emission-reduction goals set by his predecessor; Trump has already made an aggressive push to peel back many of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/21/climate/trump-climate-change.html\" target=\"_blank\">energy regulations\u003c/a> put in place by President Obama that would have helped achieve those goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/\" height=\"700\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In December 2015, representatives of 195 nations agreed to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/12/12/world/paris-climate-change-deal-explainer.html\" target=\"_blank\">landmark climate accord\u003c/a>, which required each participating nation to significantly lower its greenhouse gas emissions as part of an urgent international effort to stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement was the culmination of two intense weeks of negotiations between delegates from every corner of the globe, who gathered in a huge tent-city compound on the outskirts of Paris to iron out the countless details involved in one of the most complex international deals ever attempted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Key goals of the deal\u003c/strong> (from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35084374\">BBC\u003c/a>)\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Curb the rise (\"peak\") in global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) as soon as possible and by the second half of this century establish a balance between GHG sources and \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/32354-what-is-a-carbon-sink.html\" target=\"_blank\">sinks\u003c/a> (natural systems that suck up GHGs in the atmosphere and and store them).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep global temperature increase \"well below\" 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) and continue to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Review progress every five years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wealthy nations commit to spending $100 billion a year, by 2020, to finance climate initiatives in developing nations, with a commitment to continue financing in the future.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The United Nations conference on climate change, or \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21paris.org/\" target=\"_blank\">COP21\u003c/a> (Conference of Parties), followed nearly 20 years of largely failed efforts to forge a meaningful international agreement to lower GHGs. Many world leaders, including President Obama, considered these negotiations the last, best chance to prevent global temperatures from rising to catastrophic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal: to stop global average surface temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-Industrial Revolution temperatures (when we started burning large amounts of fossil fuels). Temperatures rising above that 2 degree threshold would likely result in irreversible, catastrophic environmental consequences around the world, according to broad scientific consensus. That could include rapid sea level rise and devastating flooding and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To keep global average temperatures a bay, each of the participating nations -- which are collectively responsible for almost 98 percent of global emissions -- have to dramatically reduce their own \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html\" target=\"_blank\">greenhouse gas (GHG)\u003c/a> emissions (including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane). But that's a tricky proposition: Some countries have been emitting GHGs for decades, even centuries, and reaping huge economic benefits, while many other \"developing nations\" are just beginning that process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The deal, therefore, not only requires rich countries to significantly cut their emissions, it also mandates that they pay poorer countries to also cut emissions and \u003ca href=\"http://www.unep.org/climatechange/adaptation/\" target=\"_blank\">adapt\u003c/a> to the impacts of a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/13/world/europe/climate-change-accord-paris.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times\u003c/a> noted:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The new deal will not, on its own, solve global warming. At best, scientists who have analyzed it say, it will cut global greenhouse gas emissions by about half what is necessary to stave off an increase in atmospheric temperatures of 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit. That is the point at which scientific studies have concluded the world will be locked into a future of devastating consequences, including rising sea levels, severe droughts and flooding, widespread food and water shortages, and more destructive storms.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The deal also came under fire by some environmental activist groups who argue it's too weak to effectively prevent environmental disaster. They deal, they note is largely \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2015/12/14/10105422/paris-climate-deal-history\" target=\"_blank\">voluntary\u003c/a>, lacking the necessary legally binding emissions reduction requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the U.S. pledge to reduce emissions by 26 percent of 2005 levels is more ambitious than some large carbon emitting nations like Russia, it pales in comparison to many other developed countries, including the 28 European Union nations, who have all committed to at least a 40 percent GHG reduction below 1990 levels by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Signatories are legally required to meet every five years -- beginning in 2020 -- with updated emissions goals, but the goals themselves are not legally binding.\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"26657 https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=26657","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/04/20/trump-and-the-paris-climate-deal-should-we-stay-or-should-we-go/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":938,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.carbonmap.org/","https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map"],"paragraphCount":18},"modified":1523465501,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"","title":"INTERACTIVE: The Paris Climate Accord, Explained? | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"INTERACTIVE: The Paris Climate Accord, Explained?","datePublished":"2017-04-20T23:50:07-07:00","dateModified":"2018-04-11T09:51:41-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"trump-and-the-paris-climate-deal-should-we-stay-or-should-we-go","status":"publish","path":"/lowdown/26657/trump-and-the-paris-climate-deal-should-we-stay-or-should-we-go","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c!--more-->On the campaign trail last May, then-candidate Donald Trump declared: \"We're going to cancel the Paris climate agreement ... and stop all payments of the United States tax dollars to U.N. global warming programs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As president, however, Trump now appears less determined to pull the U.S. out of the landmark 2015 international agreement that committed nearly every nation in the world to reduce planet-warming emissions. Contrary to his earlier statement, he doesn't have the power to \"cancel\" the multilateral U.N. accord, but could substantially weaken it by withdrawing the U.S., which is the world's largest economy and one of the biggest greenhouse gas emitters.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the deal, the U.S. promised to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 26 percent of 2005 levels within a decade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the most conservative members of his administration -- namely Steve Bannon and Scott Pruitt, head of the Environmental Protection Agency, still advocate walking away from the deal. But Trump's hesitation has \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/18/us/politics/trump-advisers-paris-climate-accord.html\" target=\"_blank\">grown recently\u003c/a> as a number of his closest advisors, including son-in-law Jared Kushner and Secretary of State Rex Tillerson (the former head of Exxon Mobil), have urged him to stay the course in order to avoid diplomatic blowback. A host of major corporations, including several oil giants, have also endorsed the pact. The administration is expected to make a final decision at the end of May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if Trump chooses to remain in the accord, it's highly unlikely his administration would adhere to the ambitious emission-reduction goals set by his predecessor; Trump has already made an aggressive push to peel back many of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/21/climate/trump-climate-change.html\" target=\"_blank\">energy regulations\u003c/a> put in place by President Obama that would have helped achieve those goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/\" height=\"700\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>In December 2015, representatives of 195 nations agreed to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/12/12/world/paris-climate-change-deal-explainer.html\" target=\"_blank\">landmark climate accord\u003c/a>, which required each participating nation to significantly lower its greenhouse gas emissions as part of an urgent international effort to stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement was the culmination of two intense weeks of negotiations between delegates from every corner of the globe, who gathered in a huge tent-city compound on the outskirts of Paris to iron out the countless details involved in one of the most complex international deals ever attempted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Key goals of the deal\u003c/strong> (from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35084374\">BBC\u003c/a>)\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Curb the rise (\"peak\") in global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) as soon as possible and by the second half of this century establish a balance between GHG sources and \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/32354-what-is-a-carbon-sink.html\" target=\"_blank\">sinks\u003c/a> (natural systems that suck up GHGs in the atmosphere and and store them).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep global temperature increase \"well below\" 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) and continue to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Review progress every five years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wealthy nations commit to spending $100 billion a year, by 2020, to finance climate initiatives in developing nations, with a commitment to continue financing in the future.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The United Nations conference on climate change, or \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21paris.org/\" target=\"_blank\">COP21\u003c/a> (Conference of Parties), followed nearly 20 years of largely failed efforts to forge a meaningful international agreement to lower GHGs. Many world leaders, including President Obama, considered these negotiations the last, best chance to prevent global temperatures from rising to catastrophic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal: to stop global average surface temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-Industrial Revolution temperatures (when we started burning large amounts of fossil fuels). Temperatures rising above that 2 degree threshold would likely result in irreversible, catastrophic environmental consequences around the world, according to broad scientific consensus. That could include rapid sea level rise and devastating flooding and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To keep global average temperatures a bay, each of the participating nations -- which are collectively responsible for almost 98 percent of global emissions -- have to dramatically reduce their own \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html\" target=\"_blank\">greenhouse gas (GHG)\u003c/a> emissions (including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane). But that's a tricky proposition: Some countries have been emitting GHGs for decades, even centuries, and reaping huge economic benefits, while many other \"developing nations\" are just beginning that process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The deal, therefore, not only requires rich countries to significantly cut their emissions, it also mandates that they pay poorer countries to also cut emissions and \u003ca href=\"http://www.unep.org/climatechange/adaptation/\" target=\"_blank\">adapt\u003c/a> to the impacts of a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/13/world/europe/climate-change-accord-paris.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times\u003c/a> noted:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The new deal will not, on its own, solve global warming. At best, scientists who have analyzed it say, it will cut global greenhouse gas emissions by about half what is necessary to stave off an increase in atmospheric temperatures of 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit. That is the point at which scientific studies have concluded the world will be locked into a future of devastating consequences, including rising sea levels, severe droughts and flooding, widespread food and water shortages, and more destructive storms.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The deal also came under fire by some environmental activist groups who argue it's too weak to effectively prevent environmental disaster. They deal, they note is largely \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2015/12/14/10105422/paris-climate-deal-history\" target=\"_blank\">voluntary\u003c/a>, lacking the necessary legally binding emissions reduction requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the U.S. pledge to reduce emissions by 26 percent of 2005 levels is more ambitious than some large carbon emitting nations like Russia, it pales in comparison to many other developed countries, including the 28 European Union nations, who have all committed to at least a 40 percent GHG reduction below 1990 levels by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Signatories are legally required to meet every five years -- beginning in 2020 -- with updated emissions goals, but the goals themselves are not legally binding.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/26657/trump-and-the-paris-climate-deal-should-we-stay-or-should-we-go","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_509","lowdown_242","lowdown_457","lowdown_572","lowdown_243"],"tags":["lowdown_394","lowdown_2337"],"featImg":"lowdown_26662","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_19613":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_19613","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"19613","score":null,"sort":[1486684859000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1486684859,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"MAP: What California's Reservoir and Snowpack Levels Look Like Now","title":"MAP: What California's Reservoir and Snowpack Levels Look Like Now","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->Drought? What drought?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A series of powerful winter storms has restored California's once-withering snowpack to levels well above average, with most of the state's reservoirs now filled at or near capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suddenly swollen state of California's reservoirs \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/oroville-dam/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">made big news\u003c/a> in mid-February when nearly 200,000 people living near Lake Oroville in Butte County were evacuated after the reservoir reached capacity and the dam's spillway failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent inundation of wet weather makes it's easy to forget that California was very recently mired in a historic five-year drought. And even while epic levels of rain and snow continue to pummel much of the state, the California Water Resources Control Board \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/02/08/as-rains-continue-state-extends-drought-regulations-through-summer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">voted unanimously\u003c/a> on Feb. 8 to extend current water conservation rules through September, a nod to the fickle weather patterns of recent years and the still diminished groundwater levels in areas of the agricultural-heavy Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map below shows fluctuations since 2010 in California's 30-largest reservoirs, using CA Department of Water Resources data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click on the reservoir map below to view the interactive version. Grey borders mark the maximum capacity of each reservoir, while the blue circles show fluctuating storage levels over time. All reservoirs are scaled relative to maximum storage capacity (with the largest -- Shasta Lake -- at 30 pixels). Click on each reservoir to see the change in capacity since 2010, and view changing percentages over time by mousing over the reservoir pop-out to the left of the chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://kroodsma.com/KQED/water-supply-master/public/map.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-30372 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1562\" height=\"1504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM.png 1562w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-160x154.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-800x770.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-768x739.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-1020x982.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-1180x1136.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-960x924.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-240x231.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-375x361.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-520x501.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-32x32.png 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1562px) 100vw, 1562px\">\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: small;\">Source: \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Department of Water Resources\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Major Bay Area water sources\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.google.com/fusiontables/embedviz?q=select+col3+from+1NIm7PuuPiHOm1RAm-VjyIsNslYCnTSSCWzLDS3c&viz=MAP&h=false&lat=37.72079799420169&lng=-122.23845001696753&t=1&z=8&l=col3&y=2&tmplt=2&hml=KML\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"640\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-19617\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6.jpg\" alt=\"key6\" width=\"640\" height=\"153\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6-400x96.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>More on California's water sources\u003c/h4>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/water/california-water-systems/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NRDC's water district finder interactive\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.water-ed.org/watersources/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Water Education Foundation's regional water tracker\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"19613 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=19613","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2017/02/09/now-that-summers-over-what-do-californias-reservoirs-look-like-a-real-time-visualization/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":286,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.google.com/fusiontables/embedviz"],"paragraphCount":11},"modified":1523464498,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"","title":"MAP: What California's Reservoir and Snowpack Levels Look Like Now | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"MAP: What California's Reservoir and Snowpack Levels Look Like Now","datePublished":"2017-02-09T16:00:59-08:00","dateModified":"2018-04-11T09:34:58-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"now-that-summers-over-what-do-californias-reservoirs-look-like-a-real-time-visualization","status":"publish","customPermalink":"2015/09/21/now-that-summers-over-what-do-californias-reservoirs-look-like-a-real-time-visualization/","path":"/lowdown/19613/now-that-summers-over-what-do-californias-reservoirs-look-like-a-real-time-visualization","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->Drought? What drought?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A series of powerful winter storms has restored California's once-withering snowpack to levels well above average, with most of the state's reservoirs now filled at or near capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suddenly swollen state of California's reservoirs \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/oroville-dam/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">made big news\u003c/a> in mid-February when nearly 200,000 people living near Lake Oroville in Butte County were evacuated after the reservoir reached capacity and the dam's spillway failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent inundation of wet weather makes it's easy to forget that California was very recently mired in a historic five-year drought. And even while epic levels of rain and snow continue to pummel much of the state, the California Water Resources Control Board \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/02/08/as-rains-continue-state-extends-drought-regulations-through-summer/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">voted unanimously\u003c/a> on Feb. 8 to extend current water conservation rules through September, a nod to the fickle weather patterns of recent years and the still diminished groundwater levels in areas of the agricultural-heavy Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The map below shows fluctuations since 2010 in California's 30-largest reservoirs, using CA Department of Water Resources data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Click on the reservoir map below to view the interactive version. Grey borders mark the maximum capacity of each reservoir, while the blue circles show fluctuating storage levels over time. All reservoirs are scaled relative to maximum storage capacity (with the largest -- Shasta Lake -- at 30 pixels). Click on each reservoir to see the change in capacity since 2010, and view changing percentages over time by mousing over the reservoir pop-out to the left of the chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://kroodsma.com/KQED/water-supply-master/public/map.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-30372 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1562\" height=\"1504\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM.png 1562w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-160x154.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-800x770.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-768x739.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-1020x982.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-1180x1136.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-960x924.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-240x231.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-375x361.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-520x501.png 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2017/02/Screen-Shot-2018-03-13-at-11.46.27-AM-32x32.png 32w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1562px) 100vw, 1562px\">\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: small;\">Source: \u003ca href=\"http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/reservoirs/RES\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">California Department of Water Resources\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Major Bay Area water sources\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.google.com/fusiontables/embedviz?q=select+col3+from+1NIm7PuuPiHOm1RAm-VjyIsNslYCnTSSCWzLDS3c&viz=MAP&h=false&lat=37.72079799420169&lng=-122.23845001696753&t=1&z=8&l=col3&y=2&tmplt=2&hml=KML\" frameborder=\"no\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"640\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-19617\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6.jpg\" alt=\"key6\" width=\"640\" height=\"153\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/09/key6-400x96.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>More on California's water sources\u003c/h4>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nrdc.org/water/california-water-systems/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NRDC's water district finder interactive\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.water-ed.org/watersources/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Water Education Foundation's regional water tracker\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/19613/now-that-summers-over-what-do-californias-reservoirs-look-like-a-real-time-visualization","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_572","lowdown_514"],"tags":["lowdown_467","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2473"],"featImg":"lowdown_25703","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_22526":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_22526","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"22526","score":null,"sort":[1466553659000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1466553659,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"Power to the People! How the Golden State Keeps the Lights On (and What It'll Do Without Nuclear Energy)","title":"Power to the People! How the Golden State Keeps the Lights On (and What It'll Do Without Nuclear Energy)","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp>California is pulling the plug on nuclear power.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant, the state's last remaining nuclear generator, is scheduled to close by 2025, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/06/21/californias-last-nuclear-power-plant-to-close/\" target=\"_blank\">part of a deal\u003c/a> announced Tuesday between facility operator Pacific Gas & Electric and a coalition of labor and environmental groups. Activists have fought for decades to close the 43-year-old central coast facility because of its close proximity to offshore seismic faults in an earthquake-prone region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe style=\"border: none;\" title=\"California Energy Generation\" src=\"//e.infogr.am/4fe38510-59e7-487a-a2d6-5d6132ca6aa8?src=embed\" width=\"650\" height=\"730\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes just three years after the permanent shutdown of the San Onofre nuclear plant in southern California, which ceased operations after a $670 million equipment failure. The state has banned construction of any new nuclear facilities until the federal government finds a permanent disposal site for radioactive waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, there are 61 commercially operating \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/list-power-reactor-units.html\" target=\"_blank\">nuclear power plants\u003c/a> located in 30 states, according to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Some California utilities will continue to purchase a small amount of nuclear energy from facilities across state lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diablo Canyon produces about 17,000 gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity per year, or roughly 8.5 percent of the state's total supply, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/electricity/total_system_power.html\" target=\"_blank\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>. As part of the deal, that production will eventually be replaced with a combination of energy efficiency measures and renewable power sources that don't produce climate-changing greenhouse gasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, about 20 percent of California's power supply comes from renewable energy sources (not including large-scale hydro). But under a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/smart-energy-solutions/increase-renewables/renewable-energy-in-california.html#.V2nVFqIyvhU\" target=\"_blank\">state law passed last year\u003c/a>, half of the electricity provided by all state power utilities must come from renewable energy sources by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"22526 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=22526","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2016/06/21/california-power-how-the-golden-state-keeps-the-lights-on-interactive/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":273,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["//e.infogr.am/4fe38510-59e7-487a-a2d6-5d6132ca6aa8"],"paragraphCount":9},"modified":1466562515,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"California is pulling the plug on nuclear power.","title":"Power to the People! How the Golden State Keeps the Lights On (and What It'll Do Without Nuclear Energy) | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Power to the People! How the Golden State Keeps the Lights On (and What It'll Do Without Nuclear Energy)","datePublished":"2016-06-21T17:00:59-07:00","dateModified":"2016-06-21T19:28:35-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-power-how-the-golden-state-keeps-the-lights-on-interactive","status":"publish","path":"/lowdown/22526/california-power-how-the-golden-state-keeps-the-lights-on-interactive","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is pulling the plug on nuclear power.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Diablo Canyon Nuclear Power Plant, the state's last remaining nuclear generator, is scheduled to close by 2025, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/06/21/californias-last-nuclear-power-plant-to-close/\" target=\"_blank\">part of a deal\u003c/a> announced Tuesday between facility operator Pacific Gas & Electric and a coalition of labor and environmental groups. Activists have fought for decades to close the 43-year-old central coast facility because of its close proximity to offshore seismic faults in an earthquake-prone region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe style=\"border: none;\" title=\"California Energy Generation\" src=\"//e.infogr.am/4fe38510-59e7-487a-a2d6-5d6132ca6aa8?src=embed\" width=\"650\" height=\"730\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The announcement comes just three years after the permanent shutdown of the San Onofre nuclear plant in southern California, which ceased operations after a $670 million equipment failure. The state has banned construction of any new nuclear facilities until the federal government finds a permanent disposal site for radioactive waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, there are 61 commercially operating \u003ca href=\"http://www.nrc.gov/reactors/operating/list-power-reactor-units.html\" target=\"_blank\">nuclear power plants\u003c/a> located in 30 states, according to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Some California utilities will continue to purchase a small amount of nuclear energy from facilities across state lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Diablo Canyon produces about 17,000 gigawatt hours (GWh) of electricity per year, or roughly 8.5 percent of the state's total supply, according to the \u003ca href=\"http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/electricity/total_system_power.html\" target=\"_blank\">California Energy Commission\u003c/a>. As part of the deal, that production will eventually be replaced with a combination of energy efficiency measures and renewable power sources that don't produce climate-changing greenhouse gasses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, about 20 percent of California's power supply comes from renewable energy sources (not including large-scale hydro). But under a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/smart-energy-solutions/increase-renewables/renewable-energy-in-california.html#.V2nVFqIyvhU\" target=\"_blank\">state law passed last year\u003c/a>, half of the electricity provided by all state power utilities must come from renewable energy sources by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/22526/california-power-how-the-golden-state-keeps-the-lights-on-interactive","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_1","lowdown_572"],"tags":["lowdown_2539","lowdown_2541","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2540"],"featImg":"lowdown_22534","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_20417":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_20417","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"20417","score":null,"sort":[1449891208000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1449891208,"format":"aside","disqusTitle":"MAP: This Is How Much Each Country Is Pledging to Reduce Its Carbon Emissions","title":"MAP: This Is How Much Each Country Is Pledging to Reduce Its Carbon Emissions","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/463uS6yiGgM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives of 195 nations agreed on Saturday to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/12/12/world/paris-climate-change-deal-explainer.html\" target=\"_blank\">landmark climate deal \u003c/a>requiring each nation to significantly lower its greenhouse gas emissions as part of an urgent international effort to stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is the culmination of two intense weeks of negotiations between delegates from every corner of the globe, who gathered in a huge tent-city compound on the outskirts of Paris to iron out the countless details involved in one of the most complex international climate deals ever attempted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Key goals of the deal\u003c/strong> (from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35084374\">BBC\u003c/a>)\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2646001-Final-COP21-draft.html\" target=\"_blank\">Click here\u003c/a> to read an interactive version of the official agreement\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Curb the rise (\"peak\") in global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) as soon as possible and by the second half of this century establish a balance between GHG sources and \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/32354-what-is-a-carbon-sink.html\" target=\"_blank\">sinks\u003c/a> (natural systems that suck up GHGs in the atmosphere and and store them).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep global temperature increase \"well below\" 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) and continue to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Review progress every five years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wealthy nations commit to spending $100 billion a year, by 2020, to finance climate initiatives in developing nations, with a commitment to continue financing in the future.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The United Nations conference on climate change, or \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21paris.org/\" target=\"_blank\">COP21\u003c/a> (Conference of Parties), as it's called, which ended Saturday, follows nearly 20 years of largely failed efforts to forge a meaningful international agreement to lower GHGs. The Paris talks were considered by many world leaders, including President Obama, the last, best chance to prevent global temperatures from rising to catastrophic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal: to stop global average surface temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-Industrial Revolution temperatures (when we started burning significant amounts of fossil fuel in the late 1800s). Temperatures rising above that 2 degree threshold, according to broad scientific consensus, would likely result in irreversible, catastrophic environmental consequences around the world, including rapid sea level rise and devastating flooding and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\u003ciframe src=\"http://wri.live.kiln.it\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" style=\"border: 0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>But to keep global average temperatures a bay, each of the nations participating in the negotiations -- who are collectively responsible for almost 98 percent of global emissions -- have to dramatically reduce their own \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html\" target=\"_blank\">greenhouse gas (GHG)\u003c/a> emissions (including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane). And that's a tricky proposition, because some countries have been emitting GHGs for decades, even centuries, and reaping huge economic benefits, while many other \"developing nations\" are just beginning that process. The deal, therefore, not only requires rich countries to significantly cut their emissions, it also mandates that they pay poorer countries to also cut emissions and \u003ca href=\"http://www.unep.org/climatechange/adaptation/\" target=\"_blank\">adapt\u003c/a> to the impacts of a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/13/world/europe/climate-change-accord-paris.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times\u003c/a> notes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The new deal will not, on its own, solve global warming. At best, scientists who have analyzed it say, it will cut global greenhouse gas emissions by about half what is necessary to stave off an increase in atmospheric temperatures of 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit. That is the point at which scientific studies have concluded the world will be locked into a future of devastating consequences, including rising sea levels, severe droughts and flooding, widespread food and water shortages, and more destructive storms.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The deal has also come under fire by some environmental activist groups who argue it's too weak to effectively prevent environmental disaster. They deal, they note is largely \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2015/12/14/10105422/paris-climate-deal-history\" target=\"_blank\">voluntary\u003c/a>, lacking the necessary legally binding emissions reduction requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, there are few firm mechanisms -- or consequences -- to ensure that each of 195 nations make good on their promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 180 participating countries have already submitted their specific carbon reduction pledges, called \u003ca href=\"http://cait.wri.org/indc/#/map\" target=\"_blank\">Intended Nationally Determined Contribution\u003c/a> (INDC). Although signatories are legally required to meet every five years -- beginning in 2020 -- with updated emissions goals, the goals themselves are not legally binding. And because these emissions targets fall short of preventing catastrophic temperature rise, the agreement includes a process intended to ensure that countries will continue to strengthen their goals as renewable energy technology becomes more accessible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The U.S. has promised to reduce GHG emissions by 26 to 28 percent of 2005 levels by 2025. And for ratification here, it requires only the signature of President Obama, rather than the approval of the U.S. Congress (where the majority of Republicans oppose it).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the U.S. pledge is more ambitious than some large carbon emitting nations like Russia, it pales in comparison to many other developed countries, including the 28 European Union nations, who have all committed to at least a 40 percent GHG reduction below 1990 levels by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore these interactive visualizations (above and below) to see all the countries making a pledge, who the world's biggest GHG emitters are and how much each nation is willing to cut back to reach that 2-degree goal. All data was compiled by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wri.org//\">WRI\u003c/a>. Click \u003ca href=\"http://cait.wri.org/faq.html#q07\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a> for methodology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://goo.gl/a88rlh\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width: 1000px; height: 920px; border: 0\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"20417 http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=20417","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/12/11/whats-at-stake-at-the-paris-climate-conference-and-whos-responsible-visualizations/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":838,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["http://wri.live.kiln.it","https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map","http://goo.gl/a88rlh"],"paragraphCount":18},"modified":1490814308,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":" https://youtu.be/463uS6yiGgM Representatives of 195 nations agreed on Saturday to a landmark climate deal requiring each nation to significantly lower its greenhouse gas emissions as part of an urgent international effort to stave off the worst consequences of climate change.","title":"MAP: This Is How Much Each Country Is Pledging to Reduce Its Carbon Emissions | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"MAP: This Is How Much Each Country Is Pledging to Reduce Its Carbon Emissions","datePublished":"2015-12-11T19:33:28-08:00","dateModified":"2017-03-29T12:05:08-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whats-at-stake-at-the-paris-climate-conference-and-whos-responsible-visualizations","status":"publish","path":"/lowdown/20417/whats-at-stake-at-the-paris-climate-conference-and-whos-responsible-visualizations","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>[http_redir]\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/463uS6yiGgM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/463uS6yiGgM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Representatives of 195 nations agreed on Saturday to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/12/12/world/paris-climate-change-deal-explainer.html\" target=\"_blank\">landmark climate deal \u003c/a>requiring each nation to significantly lower its greenhouse gas emissions as part of an urgent international effort to stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement is the culmination of two intense weeks of negotiations between delegates from every corner of the globe, who gathered in a huge tent-city compound on the outskirts of Paris to iron out the countless details involved in one of the most complex international climate deals ever attempted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Key goals of the deal\u003c/strong> (from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-35084374\">BBC\u003c/a>)\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/2646001-Final-COP21-draft.html\" target=\"_blank\">Click here\u003c/a> to read an interactive version of the official agreement\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Curb the rise (\"peak\") in global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) as soon as possible and by the second half of this century establish a balance between GHG sources and \u003ca href=\"http://www.livescience.com/32354-what-is-a-carbon-sink.html\" target=\"_blank\">sinks\u003c/a> (natural systems that suck up GHGs in the atmosphere and and store them).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep global temperature increase \"well below\" 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) and continue to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Review progress every five years.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wealthy nations commit to spending $100 billion a year, by 2020, to finance climate initiatives in developing nations, with a commitment to continue financing in the future.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The United Nations conference on climate change, or \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21paris.org/\" target=\"_blank\">COP21\u003c/a> (Conference of Parties), as it's called, which ended Saturday, follows nearly 20 years of largely failed efforts to forge a meaningful international agreement to lower GHGs. The Paris talks were considered by many world leaders, including President Obama, the last, best chance to prevent global temperatures from rising to catastrophic levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The goal: to stop global average surface temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius (about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-Industrial Revolution temperatures (when we started burning significant amounts of fossil fuel in the late 1800s). Temperatures rising above that 2 degree threshold, according to broad scientific consensus, would likely result in irreversible, catastrophic environmental consequences around the world, including rapid sea level rise and devastating flooding and drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\u003ciframe src=\"http://wri.live.kiln.it\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" style=\"border: 0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>But to keep global average temperatures a bay, each of the nations participating in the negotiations -- who are collectively responsible for almost 98 percent of global emissions -- have to dramatically reduce their own \u003ca href=\"http://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/ghgemissions/global.html\" target=\"_blank\">greenhouse gas (GHG)\u003c/a> emissions (including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane). And that's a tricky proposition, because some countries have been emitting GHGs for decades, even centuries, and reaping huge economic benefits, while many other \"developing nations\" are just beginning that process. The deal, therefore, not only requires rich countries to significantly cut their emissions, it also mandates that they pay poorer countries to also cut emissions and \u003ca href=\"http://www.unep.org/climatechange/adaptation/\" target=\"_blank\">adapt\u003c/a> to the impacts of a changing climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/13/world/europe/climate-change-accord-paris.html\" target=\"_blank\">New York Times\u003c/a> notes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\"The new deal will not, on its own, solve global warming. At best, scientists who have analyzed it say, it will cut global greenhouse gas emissions by about half what is necessary to stave off an increase in atmospheric temperatures of 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit. That is the point at which scientific studies have concluded the world will be locked into a future of devastating consequences, including rising sea levels, severe droughts and flooding, widespread food and water shortages, and more destructive storms.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The deal has also come under fire by some environmental activist groups who argue it's too weak to effectively prevent environmental disaster. They deal, they note is largely \u003ca href=\"http://www.vox.com/2015/12/14/10105422/paris-climate-deal-history\" target=\"_blank\">voluntary\u003c/a>, lacking the necessary legally binding emissions reduction requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Indeed, there are few firm mechanisms -- or consequences -- to ensure that each of 195 nations make good on their promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 180 participating countries have already submitted their specific carbon reduction pledges, called \u003ca href=\"http://cait.wri.org/indc/#/map\" target=\"_blank\">Intended Nationally Determined Contribution\u003c/a> (INDC). Although signatories are legally required to meet every five years -- beginning in 2020 -- with updated emissions goals, the goals themselves are not legally binding. And because these emissions targets fall short of preventing catastrophic temperature rise, the agreement includes a process intended to ensure that countries will continue to strengthen their goals as renewable energy technology becomes more accessible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" frameborder=\"0\" src=\"https://mgreen.cartodb.com/viz/5a27f02a-9f9b-11e5-922c-0e3a376473ab/embed_map\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>The U.S. has promised to reduce GHG emissions by 26 to 28 percent of 2005 levels by 2025. And for ratification here, it requires only the signature of President Obama, rather than the approval of the U.S. Congress (where the majority of Republicans oppose it).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the U.S. pledge is more ambitious than some large carbon emitting nations like Russia, it pales in comparison to many other developed countries, including the 28 European Union nations, who have all committed to at least a 40 percent GHG reduction below 1990 levels by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore these interactive visualizations (above and below) to see all the countries making a pledge, who the world's biggest GHG emitters are and how much each nation is willing to cut back to reach that 2-degree goal. All data was compiled by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wri.org//\">WRI\u003c/a>. Click \u003ca href=\"http://cait.wri.org/faq.html#q07\" target=\"_blank\">here\u003c/a> for methodology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://goo.gl/a88rlh\" scrolling=\"no\" style=\"width: 1000px; height: 920px; border: 0\" width=\"100%\" height=\"500\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/20417/whats-at-stake-at-the-paris-climate-conference-and-whos-responsible-visualizations","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_509","lowdown_242","lowdown_457","lowdown_572","lowdown_243"],"tags":["lowdown_394","lowdown_2500","lowdown_2337","lowdown_2501"],"featImg":"lowdown_20481","label":"lowdown"},"lowdown_14318":{"type":"posts","id":"lowdown_14318","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"lowdown","id":"14318","score":null,"sort":[1448933512000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"lowdown"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1448933512,"format":"aside","disqusTitle":"Eight Great Multimedia Resources for Teaching about Climate Change","title":"Eight Great Multimedia Resources for Teaching about Climate Change","headTitle":"The Lowdown | KQED News","content":"\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-qd8YCaoQ4&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Obama joined leaders and diplomats from more than 190 countries who convened in Paris today to kick off a two week effort towards negotiating an international climate change agreement. \u003c!--more-->The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/en/\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations' sponsored event\u003c/a>, the largest gathering of world leaders in history, is an urgent, sweeping attempt to reduce global carbon emissions and stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2015 is on track to be the warmest year on record. In fact, nearly all of the warmest years on record \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/10-warmest-years-globally\" target=\"_blank\">have occurred\u003c/a> since 2000. During that time, the frequency of extreme weather events -- from droughts and floods, to hurricanes and freezes -- have also risen significantly. The vast majority of scientists agree that these changes largely stem from a rapid increase in greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the greatest inequity of the crisis is that those least responsible for contributing to climate change -- people of the world's poorest nations -- will likely continue to be the most adversely impacted by its consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore the issue in greater depth with these excellent interactive resources from around the web. Additionally, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">click here\u003c/a> to download a series of KQED Science Education e-Books on the science of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate 101\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A good short explainer on the basic science of climate change, narrated by celebrity scientist Bill Nye (\"the Science Guy\") and produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.climaterealityproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Reality\u003c/a> project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/3v-w8Cyfoq8\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate map: the global culprits and victims\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.carbonmap.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Carbon Map\u003c/a> was created by Duncan Clark and Robin Houston from the design firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">KILN\u003c/a> as an entry in the World Bank’s \u003ca href=\"http://worldbank.org/appsforclimate\" target=\"_blank\">Apps for Climate competition\u003c/a>. Recently updated and featured on \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2014/sep/23/carbon-map-which-countries-are-responsible-for-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\">The Guardian's site\u003c/a>, the map resizes the world's geography so as to reflect the nations that are most responsible for climate change and those most vulnerable to its impacts. Click the PLAY button to see a demo. Listed below the map is a collection of additional interactive climate change resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/?header=hidden#\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>NASA's Climate Time Machine\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A series of visualizations showing how some of the world's key climate indicators like global temperature, sea ice and carbon levels have changed over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/climate_time_machine\" width=\"900\" height=\"800\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Carbon story\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">Global Carbon Project\u003c/a>, this visualization shows the past, present and future of carbon production and its environmental impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14331 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"carbon story - Copy\" width=\"1065\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg 1065w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-400x214.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-800x427.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-768x410.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-320x171.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1065px) 100vw, 1065px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Flooding risks\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">NY Times\u003c/a> interactive team put together a country by country map of flooding risks due to climate change, using data from an analysis conducted by \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Central\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14336 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"Upshot - Copy\" width=\"814\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg 814w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-400x294.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-800x588.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-768x564.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-320x235.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate Hot Map\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Union of Concerned Scientists\u003c/a>, this map tracks climate change-related impacts in locations around the world. Indicators include heat waves, sea-level rise, flooding, melting glaciers, earlier spring arrival, coral reef bleaching, and the spread of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatehotmap.org/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-20326 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg\" alt=\"ucs\" width=\"907\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg 907w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-800x601.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How hot has it gotten in your lifetime (and how much hotter will it get)?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Also created by Duncan Clark from \u003ca href=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">Kiln\u003c/a> (and featured on the Guardian), this interactive shows predicted temperature changes in your lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>Climate change crisis guide\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>An extensive interactive guide on climate change, produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">Council on Foreign Relations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14332 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg\" alt=\"CFL\" width=\"773\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg 773w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-400x272.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-768x523.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-320x218.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 773px) 100vw, 773px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"14318 http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/?p=14318","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/11/30/the-inequalities-of-climate-change-visualized-in-one-fascinating-map-and-6-other-great-interactive-resources/","stats":{"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":true,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":536,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.carbonmap.org/","http://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/climate_time_machine","http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/"],"paragraphCount":19},"modified":1492724697,"excerpt":null,"headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-qd8YCaoQ4&feature=youtu.be President Obama joined leaders and diplomats from more than 190 countries who convened in Paris today to kick off a two week effort towards negotiating an international climate change agreement.","title":"Eight Great Multimedia Resources for Teaching about Climate Change | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Eight Great Multimedia Resources for Teaching about Climate Change","datePublished":"2015-11-30T17:31:52-08:00","dateModified":"2017-04-20T14:44:57-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-inequalities-of-climate-change-visualized-in-one-fascinating-map-and-6-other-great-interactive-resources","status":"publish","path":"/lowdown/14318/the-inequalities-of-climate-change-visualized-in-one-fascinating-map-and-6-other-great-interactive-resources","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/1-qd8YCaoQ4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/1-qd8YCaoQ4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>President Obama joined leaders and diplomats from more than 190 countries who convened in Paris today to kick off a two week effort towards negotiating an international climate change agreement. \u003c!--more-->The \u003ca href=\"http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/en/\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations' sponsored event\u003c/a>, the largest gathering of world leaders in history, is an urgent, sweeping attempt to reduce global carbon emissions and stave off the worst consequences of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2015 is on track to be the warmest year on record. In fact, nearly all of the warmest years on record \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/10-warmest-years-globally\" target=\"_blank\">have occurred\u003c/a> since 2000. During that time, the frequency of extreme weather events -- from droughts and floods, to hurricanes and freezes -- have also risen significantly. The vast majority of scientists agree that these changes largely stem from a rapid increase in greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the burning of fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the greatest inequity of the crisis is that those least responsible for contributing to climate change -- people of the world's poorest nations -- will likely continue to be the most adversely impacted by its consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Explore the issue in greater depth with these excellent interactive resources from around the web. Additionally, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/e-books/\" target=\"_blank\">click here\u003c/a> to download a series of KQED Science Education e-Books on the science of climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate 101\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A good short explainer on the basic science of climate change, narrated by celebrity scientist Bill Nye (\"the Science Guy\") and produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.climaterealityproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Reality\u003c/a> project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/3v-w8Cyfoq8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/3v-w8Cyfoq8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ch4>Climate map: the global culprits and victims\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.carbonmap.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The Carbon Map\u003c/a> was created by Duncan Clark and Robin Houston from the design firm \u003ca href=\"http://www.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">KILN\u003c/a> as an entry in the World Bank’s \u003ca href=\"http://worldbank.org/appsforclimate\" target=\"_blank\">Apps for Climate competition\u003c/a>. Recently updated and featured on \u003ca href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/environment/ng-interactive/2014/sep/23/carbon-map-which-countries-are-responsible-for-climate-change\" target=\"_blank\">The Guardian's site\u003c/a>, the map resizes the world's geography so as to reflect the nations that are most responsible for climate change and those most vulnerable to its impacts. Click the PLAY button to see a demo. Listed below the map is a collection of additional interactive climate change resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.carbonmap.org/?header=hidden#\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>NASA's Climate Time Machine\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>A series of visualizations showing how some of the world's key climate indicators like global temperature, sea ice and carbon levels have changed over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://climate.nasa.gov/interactives/climate_time_machine\" width=\"900\" height=\"800\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Carbon story\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">Global Carbon Project\u003c/a>, this visualization shows the past, present and future of carbon production and its environmental impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://globalcarbonatlas.org/?q=outreach\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14331 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"carbon story - Copy\" width=\"1065\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy.jpg 1065w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-400x214.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-800x427.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-768x410.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/carbon-story-Copy-320x171.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1065px) 100vw, 1065px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Flooding risks\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">NY Times\u003c/a> interactive team put together a country by country map of flooding risks due to climate change, using data from an analysis conducted by \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Central\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/24/upshot/flooding-risk-from-climate-change-country-by-country.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=second-column-region®ion=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&abt=0002&abg=1\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14336 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"Upshot - Copy\" width=\"814\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy.jpg 814w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-400x294.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-800x588.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-768x564.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/Upshot-Copy-320x235.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 814px) 100vw, 814px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Climate Hot Map\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ucsusa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Union of Concerned Scientists\u003c/a>, this map tracks climate change-related impacts in locations around the world. Indicators include heat waves, sea-level rise, flooding, melting glaciers, earlier spring arrival, coral reef bleaching, and the spread of disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatehotmap.org/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-20326 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg\" alt=\"ucs\" width=\"907\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs.jpg 907w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-400x300.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2015/11/ucs-800x601.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How hot has it gotten in your lifetime (and how much hotter will it get)?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Also created by Duncan Clark from \u003ca href=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" target=\"_blank\">Kiln\u003c/a> (and featured on the Guardian), this interactive shows predicted temperature changes in your lifetime.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"http://ipcc.live.kiln.it/\" width=\"1000\" height=\"660\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003ch4>Climate change crisis guide\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>An extensive interactive guide on climate change, produced by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">Council on Foreign Relations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cfr.org/climate-change/crisis-guide-climate-change/p17088\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone wp-image-14332 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/lowdown/wp-content/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg\" alt=\"CFL\" width=\"773\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL.jpg 773w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-400x272.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-768x523.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/26/2014/09/CFL-320x218.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 773px) 100vw, 773px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/lowdown/14318/the-inequalities-of-climate-change-visualized-in-one-fascinating-map-and-6-other-great-interactive-resources","authors":["1263"],"categories":["lowdown_242","lowdown_457","lowdown_572","lowdown_243"],"tags":["lowdown_394","lowdown_2496","lowdown_2337","lowdown_532"],"featImg":"lowdown_20283","label":"lowdown"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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